Podcasts about lecture one

This educational text, presented as a lecture, aims to prepare students for the bar exam by covering essential legal topics. It explores core concepts of Constitutional Law, focusing on federalism, the separation of powers, and individual rights such as due process and equal protection, referencing significant court cases. The lecture also provides an overview of Professional Responsibility, outlining ethical obligations for lawyers based on the ABA Model Rules, including conflicts of interest and confidentiality. Finally, it offers guidance on preparing for the Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) and Multistate Essay Examination (MEE) with sample questions and essay structures.The legislative branch's primary function is to make laws.The executive branch can check the legislative branch by using a Presidential Veto to reject laws passed by the legislature.The Equal Protection Clause is an invaluable tool for groups that experience discrimination and states that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.One standard of review mentioned is Strict Scrutiny, Intermediate Scrutiny, or Rational Basis Review.The Tenth Amendment reserves all powers not delegated to the federal government or denied to state governments to the states or the people, emphasizing state sovereignty.Powers typically reserved for the states include education, public health, safety, transportation, and welfare, often referred to as "police powers."Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review.Congress has directed Justices to comply with financial reporting requirements and limitations on the receipt of gifts and outside earned income.The attorney-client privilege protects confidential communications between a lawyer and their client that relate to seeking legal advice or services.The attorney-client privilege belongs to the client.

Lecture One introduces foundational concepts in Constitutional Law, addressing federalism, separation of powers, and core individual rights (Due Process, Equal Protection, and the Commerce Clause). It explains federalism's distribution of authority between federal and state governments, highlighting key Supreme Court cases like McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden. It also discusses the essential separation of powers principle, reinforced by landmark decisions such as Marbury v. Madison. Critical individual rights are examined, specifically procedural and substantive due process rights, equal protection standards, and the extensive interpretation of the Commerce Clause through landmark cases.The lecture also covers fundamental professional responsibility topics guided by the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct, focusing on conflicts of interest, confidentiality, and attorney-client privilege. It emphasizes the ethical duties and obligations attorneys have toward their clients and the legal system. The lecture concludes with practical preparation strategies for the MBE and introduces structured methods for writing effective MEE essays, including sample questions and essay analyses.Key Takeaways:Constitutional Law:Federalism: Federal government powers are enumerated explicitly; states hold reserved powers under the Tenth Amendment.Separation of Powers: Legislative, executive, and judicial branches have distinct roles to prevent abuses of power.Due Process: Protects individuals from unfair government deprivation of life, liberty, or property.Equal Protection: Requires equal governmental treatment and scrutiny standards to evaluate discrimination.Commerce Clause: Grants broad authority to Congress over activities significantly affecting interstate commerce.Professional Responsibility:ABA Model Rules: Set ethical standards for legal practice; adopted widely by state bar associations.Conflicts of Interest: Attorneys must avoid or mitigate conflicts that impair professional judgment or client interests.Confidentiality: Lawyers have an expansive duty to protect client information, with limited exceptions.Attorney-Client Privilege: Specifically safeguards confidential communications meant to secure legal advice.Exam Preparation:Regularly practice MBE-style questions to build accuracy and analytical skills.Employ the IRAC (Issue, Rule, Application, Conclusion) method systematically for MEE essays.Understand ethical dilemmas deeply to clearly articulate duties in professional responsibility essays.These key concepts form the foundation for your continued bar exam preparation.

This lecture, the first in a series on secured transactions, focuses on the nature and creation of security interests under Article 9 of the U.C.C. It defines a secured transaction as a credit arrangement where a debtor grants a creditor an interest in personal property or fixtures as collateral to secure an obligation. The discussion outlines how Article 9 defines a security interest, identifies the parties involved, categorizes the types of property that can serve as collateral (including goods, intangibles and semi-intangibles), and explains the three essential elements for attachment (creation) of a security interest: value, debtor's rights in collateral, and a sufficient security agreement. Key concepts like after-acquired property, future advances, and proceeds are also examined, along with common issues in creating security interests and the policy goals of Article 9.A secured creditor has a property interest in specific collateral that they can proceed against to satisfy the obligation, giving them a significant advantage over unsecured creditors who only have a contractual claim.Article 9 governs security interests in personal property and fixtures.The four subdivisions of goods are Consumer goods, Inventory, Equipment, and Farm products.The three essential elements for attachment are: the secured party must give value, the debtor must have rights in the collateral (or the power to transfer rights), and there must be a security agreement that satisfies the statute of frauds (usually an authenticated record).The U.C.C. requires the collateral description to be reasonably identifiable.An after-acquired property clause allows a security interest to cover property acquired by the debtor after the security agreement is executed; it is especially common in inventory and accounts receivable financing.Future advances refer to securing future loans or advances under the same security agreement; U.C.C. Section 9-204 explicitly authorizes this arrangement.A secured party's interest generally continues in the proceeds when the collateral is sold or otherwise disposed of, as long as the proceeds are identifiable.For certain types of collateral like negotiable instruments, the secured party can perfect its interest simply by taking possession of the collateral (a pledge).One common pitfall is the improper description of collateral in the security agreement; the case of In re Bollinger Corporation was referenced as an illustration of an insufficiently specific description.

Lecture One focuses on the foundation of secured transactions under Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, exploring what a security interest is and how it is created. A secured transaction is a credit arrangement where the debtor provides collateral to secure repayment of a loan or performance of an obligation. The security interest gives the secured party an enforceable property right in the collateral, setting them apart from unsecured creditors.To create a valid and enforceable security interest, three essential elements must be met under U.C.C. Section one dash two zero one, b, thirty-five and Section nine dash two zero three. First, the secured party must give value, which can include loans, extensions of credit, or other forms of consideration. Second, the debtor must have rights in the collateral or the ability to transfer rights. Third, there must be a security agreement that meets the statute of frauds, which typically requires an authenticated record describing the collateral, or, alternatively, possession or control by the secured party.Collateral types are broadly categorized as goods (consumer goods, inventory, equipment, or farm products), instruments, accounts, chattel paper, deposit accounts, investment property, and general intangibles. The agreement may also cover after-acquired property and future advances, provided these are explicitly stated. Additionally, the security interest extends to identifiable proceeds from the collateral's sale or transfer.The lecture also emphasizes common pitfalls, such as vague collateral descriptions and unauthorized security grants, and reviews key cases like In re Bollinger Corp., which highlights the need for precision. Understanding these foundational concepts is essential for grasping later topics like perfection, priority, and enforcement.Key TakeawaysA security interest gives a creditor enforceable rights in collateral.Attachment requires value, debtor rights, and a valid security agreement.Collateral can include both tangible and intangible assets.After-acquired property and future advances can be secured if specified.Security interests extend to identifiable proceeds.Precision in describing collateral is critical.Article 9 focuses on personal property, not real estate.

The lecture covers the core concepts of agency law, explaining how a relationship is formed when one person, the principal, authorizes another, the agent, to act on their behalf subject to their control. It details the various ways agents gain the power to bind principals, including actual authority, apparent authority, and ratification. Furthermore, the lecture outlines the fiduciary duties agents owe to principals, such as loyalty and care, and the corresponding duties principals owe agents, including compensation and indemnification. It also explores the liability of both principals and agents to outside parties for contractual and tortious acts, examines common methods for terminating agency relationships, and touches upon relevant case law and ongoing doctrinal debates within the field.Agency is a relationship where one person (the agent) agrees to act on behalf of and under the control of another person (the principal), based on their mutual consent.Express actual authority is authority explicitly granted by the principal, either verbally or in writing. Implied actual authority is authority that is necessary, usual, or proper to carry out the tasks that were expressly authorized.Apparent authority is when a principal's words or actions cause a third party to reasonably believe that an agent has authority, even if they don't actually have it. The third party's reasonable belief is key.Ratification is when a principal approves or adopts an act performed by an agent who did not have authority at the time the act occurred. This makes the principal bound as if the agent had authority initially.The duty of loyalty requires the agent to act solely for the principal's benefit and avoid conflicts. The duty of care requires the agent to perform with normal competence and diligence. The duty of obedience requires the agent to follow the principal's lawful instructions.The principal owes duties to compensate the agent, reimburse the agent for proper expenses, and indemnify the agent for liabilities incurred while acting lawfully within the scope of authority.A disclosed principal is bound by a contract entered into by their agent when the agent is acting within the scope of their authority (actual or apparent).A principal might be held liable for an employee-agent's torts under the doctrine of respondeat superior, provided the tort occurred while the employee was acting within the scope of employment.Two events that automatically terminate agency are the death or incapacity of either the principal or the agent.Providing notice of termination to third parties is important to prevent the agent from continuing to bind the principal under apparent authority, potentially exposing the principal to liability for unauthorized acts.

This lecture provides a comprehensive overview of agency law, exploring its foundational principles, core components, types of authority, fiduciary duties, liability, termination, case law, doctrinal debates, practical applications, and policy considerations. Understanding these elements is crucial for navigating the legal landscape of business operations and organizational structures.TakeawaysAgency is a foundational area of business associations.Agency relationships can arise in both formal and informal settings.Consent is a key element in forming an agency relationship.The principal must have the right to control the agent's actions.Fiduciary duties include loyalty, care, and obedience.Apparent authority can bind the principal to the agent's actions.The principal must indemnify the agent for liabilities incurred.Agency relationships can terminate in various ways, including mutual agreement.Case law shapes the understanding of agency authority and liability.Agency law promotes efficiency while balancing the interests of principals and third parties.agency law, business associations, fiduciary duties, authority types, liability, termination, case law, practical applications, policy considerations, legal framework

This lecture provides an introduction to key concepts in real property law, focusing on possessory estates and future interests. It begins by defining real property and the bundle of rights associated with ownership, which can be divided into distinct interests. The lecture then details various present possessory estates, including the fee simple absolute (the most complete ownership), defeasible fees (subject to conditions), and life estates (limited to a life), highlighting the associated duty to avoid waste. Subsequently, it explores future interests, distinguishing those retained by the grantor (like reversions and rights of entry) from those transferred to others, such as remainders (vested and contingent) and executory interests (shifting and springing). Finally, the lecture touches upon important rules governing these interests, specifically the Rule Against Perpetuities and the concept of merger of estates, equipping students to analyze complex property scenarios.This conversation provides a comprehensive overview of possessory estates and future interests in real property, focusing on key concepts such as fee simple absolute, life estates, remainders, executory interests, and the rule against perpetuities. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding these foundational elements for success in property law, particularly for law school exams and the bar exam. The speakers break down complex legal terms and concepts into digestible segments, making it easier for listeners to grasp the intricacies of property ownership and rights.Sound Bites"Understanding how ownership can be carved up.""It's like mastering the grammar of property law.""Executory interests are the rule breakers."TakeawaysUnderstanding ownership in property law is fundamental.Fee simple absolute is the most complete form of ownership.Defeasible fees can be terminated under certain conditions.Life estates grant possession for the duration of a specific person's life.Life tenants have duties to avoid waste.Remainders are future interests that wait for a prior estate to end.Executory interests can cut short other interests.The rule against perpetuities prevents indefinite control over property.Merger occurs when successive vested estates simplify ownership.Mastering these concepts is crucial for property law success.Real property ownership includes rights to possess, use, exclude, enjoy, and transfer, which can be separated. Fee simple absolute is complete ownership without automatic limitations. Fee simple determinable ends automatically upon an event ("so long as"), while fee simple subject to a condition subsequent allows the grantor to terminate upon a violation ("on the condition that"). A possibility of reverter is the grantor's automatic future interest after a fee simple determinable ends. A vested remainder is held by a known person without conditions precedent beyond the preceding estate's natural end; a contingent remainder is uncertain due to an unknown taker or a condition precedent. Ameliorative waste is a life tenant's value-increasing but character-altering property changes, potentially illegal despite increased value. A springing executory interest divests the grantor's interest to become possessory, cutting short the grantor's estate. The Rule Against Perpetuities prevents indefinite property tying by requiring interests to vest within a reasonable time. Grantor-retained future interests like reversions, possibilities of reverter, and rights of entry are usually exempt from this rule. Merger occurs when one person holds successive vested estates without intervening vested interests, combining the estates and extinguishing the intermediate interest.possessory estates, future interests, real property, fee simple absolute, life estates, remainders, executory interests, rule against perpetuities, merger, property law

This lecture covers possessory estates (present rights to land) and future interests (rights that vest later) in real property law. Real property includes land and its fixtures; ownership comprises a bundle of rights (possession, use, exclusion, enjoyment, transfer).Present possessory estates include:Fee Simple Absolute: The most complete ownership, enduring indefinitely, subject to government powers. Freely transferable during life or by will.Defeasible Fees: May be terminated upon a specific event.Fee Simple Determinable: Ends automatically upon the event ("so long as"); grantor retains a possibility of reverter.Fee Simple Subject to Condition Subsequent: Does not end automatically; grantor has a right of entry (power of termination) to reclaim possession if the condition is violated ("on the condition that").Life Estates: Possession lasts for a measuring life. The life tenant must avoid waste (voluntary, permissive, ameliorative).Future interests can be retained by the grantor or conveyed to a third party:Grantor's Interests:Reversion: Retained when conveying a lesser estate ("to A for life").Possibility of Reverter: Follows a fee simple determinable (automatic).Right of Entry (Power of Termination): Follows a fee simple subject to condition subsequent (requires action).Third-Party Interests (Remainders): Follow nondefeasible estates.Vested Remainder: Given to an ascertainable person, not subject to conditions precedent ("to A for life, then to B").Vested Remainder Subject to Open: Given to a class that may expand ("to A for life, then to the children of B").Contingent Remainder: Either to an unascertainable person or subject to a condition precedent ("to A for life, then to B's first child to graduate college").Third-Party Interests (Executory Interests): Divest a prior interest.Shifting: Divests a transferee's interest ("to A, but if used commercially, to B").Springing: Divests the grantor's interest ("to A upon returning from service").The Rule Against Perpetuities prevents property from being tied up indefinitely; generally, an interest must vest within 21 years after the death of a life in being. It applies to contingent remainders, executory interests, and vested remainders subject to open.Merger occurs when the same person acquires successive vested estates, extinguishing intervening interests.Understanding these concepts is crucial for analyzing property rights. Future lectures will cover concurrent ownership, leasehold estates, and nonpossessory interests.This lecture provides a comprehensive overview of possessory estates and future interests in real property law. It begins with defining real property and the bundle of rights associated with it, followed by an exploration of present possessory estates, including fee simple absolute and life estates. The discussion then transitions to future interests, including remainders and executory interests, and concludes with the rule against perpetuities and the concept of merger.TakeawaysA property interest is more than simply a piece of land.Real property includes the land itself and whatever is affixed to it.The fee-simple absolute is the most complete form of ownership.Life estates grant possession only for the duration of a defined life.Waste refers to the life-tenant's obligation to preserve the property.Future interests are rights to the present or future enjoyment.The rule against perpetuities prevents property from being tied up.Merger occurs when the same person acquires successive vested estates.Understanding these concepts is essential for law school examinations.Sound Bites"A property interest is more than simply a piece of land.""Understanding the fee simple absolute lays the groundwork.""Future interests are rights to the present or future enjoyment."real property, possessory estates, future interests, fee simple absolute, life estates, remainders, rule against perpetuities, merger

This lecture provides an overview of criminal procedure law, with a significant focus on the constitutional foundations and the specifics of the Fourth Amendment. It explores the sources of this law, including the Constitution, statutes, federal rules, and state law. The text then examines the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, discussing its purpose, the concept of a reasonable expectation of privacy, the definitions of search and seizure, and the warrant requirement with its core components like probable cause and particularity. Finally, it details numerous exceptions to the warrant requirement and the impact of the exclusionary rule and related doctrines.Key TakeawaysThe primary sources include the U.S. Constitution, federal statutes enacted by Congress, the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, state constitutions, state legislative enactments, and judicial decisions interpreting these provisions.The fundamental purpose of the Fourth Amendment is to protect individual privacy and dignity against arbitrary government intrusion and to channel law enforcement activity through neutral decision making.The two-part test asks whether the individual demonstrated an actual, subjective expectation of privacy, and whether that expectation is one that society is prepared to recognize as reasonable.A seizure of property occurs when there is some meaningful interference with an individual's possessory interest in property, considering factors like the officers' intention, the manner of taking custody, and the control exerted over the property.A valid search warrant requires a neutral and detached magistrate to find probable cause to believe that evidence or contraband will be found at a specified location and that the warrant particularly describes the place to be searched and items to be seized.The totality of the circumstances approach involves a practical, common-sense evaluation of all the information available to the magistrate, including the informant's reliability, the detail of the information, and any corroborating evidence, rather than a rigid formula.The plain view doctrine allows evidence in plain sight to be seized without a warrant if the officer is lawfully present where the evidence is located and its incriminating nature is immediately apparent.Voluntary consent by an individual with authority over the premises can justify a warrantless search, provided the consent is given freely and voluntarily without coercion.The exclusionary rule is a judicially created remedy that makes evidence obtained through unconstitutional searches or seizures inadmissible at trial, serving to deter police misconduct and preserve judicial integrity.Standing means that only individuals whose own Fourth Amendment rights have been violated can challenge a search or seizure, requiring them to demonstrate a legitimate expectation of privacy in the area searched or property seized.

This lecture provides a comprehensive overview of the constitutional foundations of criminal procedure law, focusing on the Fourth Amendment. It explores the sources of criminal procedure, the significance of judicial interpretation, and the balance between law enforcement and individual rights. Key topics include the definitions of searches and seizures, warrant requirements, exceptions to these requirements, and the implications of modern technology on privacy rights. The lecture concludes with a discussion on the exclusionary rule and its impact on the justice system.TakeawaysThe Fourth Amendment establishes protections against unreasonable searches and seizures.Judicial decisions play a crucial role in interpreting constitutional provisions.The concept of reasonable expectation of privacy is central to Fourth Amendment analysis.Warrants must be issued by a neutral magistrate based on probable cause.Exceptions to the warrant requirement include searches incident to arrest and exigent circumstances.The exclusionary rule prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used in court.The good faith exception allows some leeway for law enforcement actions.Modern technology poses new challenges to Fourth Amendment protections.The open fields doctrine limits privacy rights in areas outside the home.Policy debates continue regarding the balance between law enforcement and individual rights.Criminal Procedure, Fourth Amendment, Searches, Seizures, Warrant Requirements, Exclusionary Rule, Privacy Rights, Law Enforcement, Constitutional Law, Judicial Interpretation

This conversation delves into the fundamental aspects of contract formation, exploring the essential elements such as mutual assent, offer and acceptance, consideration, capacity, and legality. It also discusses various defenses that can affect the enforceability of contracts, providing a comprehensive overview for those preparing for law school exams or practicing in the field.TakeawaysContract formation is critical for law students and practitioners.Mutual assent is essential for a valid contract.An offer must be clear and definite to be valid.Consideration must involve a bargain for exchange.Capacity to contract is necessary for enforceability.Legality of the contract's purpose is crucial.Defenses like misrepresentation can void a contract.The UCC provides flexibility in contract formation.Common law and UCC differ in their approach to contracts.Understanding these elements is foundational for contract analysis.A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties that creates mutual obligations. It governs how these obligations are created, modified, enforced, and extinguished.The two principal sources are Common Law, governing service agreements and real estate, and Article Two of the U.C.C., governing contracts for the sale of goods.Mutual assent means the parties agree to the same thing in the same sense. The objective theory means this is determined by a party's outward expressions and conduct, not their secret intentions.A valid offer requires intent, reasonably definite terms, and communication to the offeree.An offer can be terminated by revocation, rejection, counteroffer, lapse of time, or death/incapacity of a party.The Mirror Image Rule states that an acceptance must exactly match the terms of the offer. If it introduces different or additional terms, it is a counteroffer.Yes, under U.C.C. § 2-207, an acceptance with additional or different terms can still form a contract unless it is expressly conditional on assent to the new terms.Consideration is the legal term for what each party gives or promises to give in exchange for the other party's promise; it is a bargained-for exchange of something of legal value.Past consideration and the preexisting duty rule are two doctrines that limit what qualifies as consideration.The Statute of Frauds requires certain contracts to be in writing to be enforceable. Examples include contracts for the sale of goods priced at $500 or more, contracts that cannot be performed within one year, or contracts for the sale of real estate.Sound Bites"Understanding them isn't just for exams.""The UCC is often more flexible.""Mutual assent is the meeting of the minds.""Consideration is the price of the promise.""Capacity is key in contract law."Chapters00:00 Understanding Contract Formation10:01 The Core Elements of a Contract20:05 Defenses Against Contract Enforcement

This lecture provides a foundational overview of contract formation, outlining the essential elements required for a legally binding agreement. It explains that a contract necessitates mutual assent, typically through offer and acceptance, along with consideration, representing the bargained-for exchange. The discussion also covers the importance of legal capacity and lawful purpose, while further detailing various defenses that can prevent contract enforcement, such as fraud, duress, and the Statute of Frauds. Ultimately, the lecture establishes the fundamental principles that determine whether a valid contract exists under both common law and the Uniform Commercial Code.

Intentional torts require a volitional act by the defendant and a specific intent to cause harm or offensive contact, or knowledge with substantial certainty that such a consequence will result. This purposeful interference distinguishes them from the unintentional nature of negligence and the focus on the act itself in strict liability.Harmful contact in battery refers to contact that results in physical injury or pain to the plaintiff. Offensive contact, on the other hand, is contact that would offend a reasonable person's sense of personal dignity, even if it does not cause physical harm.A key element required for assault, but not for battery, is that the plaintiff must have a reasonable apprehension of an imminent harmful or offensive contact at the time the defendant acts. In battery, the plaintiff need not be aware of the contact when it occurs.Confinement for false imprisonment involves intentionally restraining the plaintiff to a bounded area through physical barriers, force, threats, or failure to provide a means of escape when there is a duty to do so. Moral pressure or future threats are generally considered insufficient to constitute confinement.Intentional infliction of emotional distress requires extreme and outrageous conduct that exceeds all bounds tolerated by a civilized society and intentionally or recklessly causes severe emotional distress. The threshold for outrageousness may be lowered if the defendant is in a position of power or if the plaintiff is known to be particularly vulnerable.For trespass to land, the intent requirement applies only to the act of entering the land or causing a physical invasion. Knowledge that the land belongs to another is not necessary; even a mistaken belief of ownership does not negate the intent to enter.The key distinction between trespass to chattels and conversion lies in the degree of interference with the plaintiff's personal property. Trespass to chattels involves a less significant interference resulting in dispossession or minor harm, while conversion involves a substantial interference requiring the defendant to pay the full market value of the chattel.The doctrine of transferred intent states that if a defendant intends to commit one of five intentional torts (battery, assault, false imprisonment, trespass to land, trespass to chattels) against one person but instead commits a different one of these torts or affects a different person, the intent transfers. This holds the defendant liable despite the misdirected action.The two broad categories of defenses to intentional torts discussed are consent-based defenses and protective privileges. An example of a consent-based defense is express consent to medical treatment, and an example of a protective privilege is self-defense against an imminent threat of unlawful force.Under the majority rule, deadly force is permissible in self-defense only when the defendant reasonably believes they are facing an imminent threat of death or serious bodily harm. The force used must be proportionate to the threat.

This lecture provides a foundational overview of intentional torts, which require a volitional act and specific intent to cause harm or offensive contact, distinguishing them from negligence. It meticulously defines core intentional torts such as battery, assault, false imprisonment, intentional infliction of emotional distress, trespass to land, trespass to chattels, and conversion, highlighting their key elements and frequently tested nuances. The lecture also comprehensively examines various defenses to intentional torts, including consent-based privileges and protective privileges like self-defense, defense of others, defense of property, and the necessities. Finally, it explains the doctrine of transferred intent and reinforces understanding with hypothetical scenarios, emphasizing the importance of intent and context in determining liability.

The primary objectives of criminal law include deterrence (general and specific), incapacitation, retribution, rehabilitation, and defining societal norms. Unlike civil law, which aims to compensate a wronged party, criminal law operates on behalf of the state to prosecute and punish wrongful acts in the communal interest.Felonies are typically punishable by death or imprisonment for more than one year, while misdemeanors are lesser offenses usually punishable by a fine or incarceration for less than one year. Murder is an example of a malum in se crime because it violates fundamental moral standards, whereas a traffic violation is an example of a malum prohibitum crime because its illegality stems from statute.General intent crimes require the intent to perform the physical act itself, such as intentionally striking someone in battery. Specific intent crimes require an additional subjective intent to bring about a specific result, such as in theft, where the defendant must intend to permanently deprive another of their property.A state generally has jurisdiction to prosecute crimes that either occur within its borders or produce harmful effects within its territory. Concurrent jurisdiction arises when more than one sovereign has the legal authority to prosecute the same conduct. The doctrine of dual sovereignty under the Double Jeopardy Clause allows both federal and state governments to prosecute the same individual for the same conduct without violating double jeopardy protections, as they are separate sovereigns.Actus reus refers to the physical component of a crime, which is a voluntary act or a qualifying omission. An omission can constitute actus reus when there is a legal duty to act, the person is physically capable of acting, and they fail to do so, such as a parent deliberately withholding food from their child.Recklessness is a subjective mental state involving the conscious disregard of a substantial and unjustifiable risk; the defendant must be aware of the risk. Negligence is an objective standard that applies when a person fails to perceive a substantial and unjustifiable risk that a reasonable person would have recognized, regardless of actual awareness.Strict liability crimes are offenses where no mental state is required; the mere commission of the act is sufficient for liability. These types of crimes are most commonly found in regulatory and public welfare areas such as food safety or statutory rape. For example, a vendor selling contaminated food may be held strictly liable regardless of intent.The principle of concurrence requires that the actus reus (the physical act) and the mens rea (the mental state) coincide in time. This is generally required because criminal liability is predicated on the idea that the wrongful conduct was accompanied by a culpable state of mind.Factual cause, or "but-for" causation, means that the harm would not have occurred but for the defendant's act. Legal cause, or proximate cause, addresses whether the result is closely enough connected to the act to hold the defendant criminally responsible, considering factors like foreseeability. An intervening cause might break the chain of legal causation if it is unforeseeable and superseding, meaning it was not a natural or probable consequence of the defendant's actions.A principal is the primary actor who commits the criminal act, while an accomplice is someone who aids, encourages, or assists the principal with the intent that the crime be committed. Accomplice liability requires both an act of assistance and the specific intent that the underlying crime be committed by the principal.

This lecture note from a criminal law course introduces fundamental concepts necessary for understanding criminal liability. It explores the purposes of criminal law, including deterrence and retribution, and classifies crimes based on severity and inherent wrongfulness. The note further details the essential elements of a crime, specifically the physical act (actus reus) and the mental state (mens rea), along with principles of causation and concurrence. Finally, it outlines different forms of criminal responsibility, such as accomplice liability and corporate liability, providing a foundational overview for further study of specific offenses.

Short-Answer QuizWhat is the fundamental purpose of personal jurisdiction, and what constitutional provision provides its basis?Personal jurisdiction ensures a court has the authority to compel a defendant to appear and litigate in the forum. Its constitutional basis lies in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, preventing individuals from being unfairly haled into court in distant or unconnected locations.Explain the difference between general and specific personal jurisdiction, providing a brief example of how each might arise.General jurisdiction exists when a defendant's contacts with the forum state are so continuous and systematic that they can be sued there for any claim, even if unrelated to those contacts (e.g., a corporation with its headquarters in a state). Specific jurisdiction arises when the lawsuit directly relates to the defendant's specific contacts with the forum state (e.g., a contract dispute stemming from a sale made in the state).What are the two primary bases for subject matter jurisdiction in federal courts, and what is a key requirement for each?The two primary bases are federal question jurisdiction and diversity jurisdiction. For federal question jurisdiction, the plaintiff's claim must arise under federal law and be evident in the well-pleaded complaint. For diversity jurisdiction, the case must be between citizens of different states (or a state and a foreign national) with an amount in controversy exceeding $75,000, and there must be complete diversity of citizenship.How does venue differ from jurisdiction, and what is the primary goal of venue rules?Jurisdiction concerns a court's power to hear a case (either over the person or the subject matter), while venue dictates the specific geographic district where the case should be heard. The primary goal of venue rules is to ensure a convenient and appropriate location for the litigation, considering factors like the parties' residences and where the events occurred.Describe the key elements that must be included in a complaint under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8.A complaint must contain a short and plain statement of the grounds for the court's jurisdiction, a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief, and a demand for the relief sought by the pleader.How have the Twombly and Iqbal Supreme Court decisions impacted the federal pleading standard?These decisions raised the pleading standard beyond mere notice pleading, requiring complaints to contain sufficient factual allegations to state a claim that is plausible on its face. This means the factual narrative must be more detailed and suggest a likelihood of liability, rather than just reciting the elements of a cause of action.What are the two main ways a defendant can respond to a complaint after being served? Briefly explain each.A defendant can file an answer, which requires them to admit or deny each of the plaintiff's allegations and assert any affirmative defenses they may have. Alternatively, a defendant can file a pre-answer motion under Rule 12(b), which raises legal objections to the complaint, such as lack of jurisdiction, improper venue, or failure to state a claim.List three examples of affirmative defenses a defendant might assert in their answer.Examples of affirmative defenses include the statute of limitations (the lawsuit was filed after the legal deadline), res judicata (the issue has already been decided by a court), and estoppel (the plaintiff is prevented from asserting a claim due to their prior conduct or statements).Under what circumstances can a party amend their pleading "as a matter of course"?A party can amend their pleading once as a matter of course within 21 days after serving the original pleading, or if the pleading is one to which a responsive pleading is required, within 21 days after service of a responsive pleading or a motion under Rule 12(b), (e), or (f), whichever is earlier.

This lecture on federal civil procedure outlines the initial stages of litigation. It begins by explaining jurisdiction, focusing on the court's power over parties (personal jurisdiction) and the types of cases it can hear (subject matter jurisdiction). The discussion then moves to venue, detailing where a case should be properly filed for trial. The lecture further examines pleadings, covering the initial complaint and the defendant's response, including motions and answers. Finally, it addresses the process of amending pleadings, which allows for changes as a case progresses. The goal is to provide a foundational understanding of these crucial procedural elements.

Introduction to Contract Law: Contract law deals with legally binding promises. It establishes which promises are enforceable and how courts will handle breaches of those promises. Understanding contract law is essential in many areas of legal practice. Formation of a Valid Contract: A valid contract generally requires three elements: Offer: An offer is a clear expression of willingness to enter into a bargain, which justifies the other party's belief that their agreement will finalize the deal. It must be definite and certain, and a reasonable person would interpret it as an intent to be bound upon acceptance. Advertisements are generally not considered offers, but invitations to deal, unless they are very specific. Offers can be terminated by revocation, rejection, counteroffer, time lapse or operation of law. Acceptance: Acceptance is the offeree's agreement to the terms of the offer. Under common law, the acceptance must mirror the offer exactly. The Mailbox Rule generally states that acceptance is effective upon dispatch, unless otherwise specified in the offer. Acceptance must be communicated, except in special cases where silent acceptance is justified. Consideration: Consideration is a "bargained-for exchange of legal value". Each party must promise or do something they are not already legally obligated to do. The Preexisting Duty Rule states that performing an existing obligation is not sufficient consideration, with some exceptions. Promissory estoppel can sometimes enforce a promise even without traditional consideration, if one party relies on that promise to their detriment. Enforceability Defenses: Even with offer, acceptance, and consideration, certain defenses can render a contract void or voidable: Statute of Frauds: Certain contracts must be in writing to be enforceable. These include contracts related to: Marriage Year: Contracts that can't be completed within one year Land: Contracts involving the transfer of interest in real property Executors: Promises by an executor to pay a decedent's debt with personal funds Goods: Contracts for the sale of goods over $500 Suretyship: Promises to pay another's debt Capacity: Parties must have legal competence to enter a contract: Minors: Contracts with minors are generally voidable by the minor. Mental Incapacity: Contracts can be void or voidable if a party lacks the mental capacity to understand the transaction. Intoxication: Contracts can be voidable if a party is so intoxicated they can't understand the agreement, and the other party knows it. Illegality and Public Policy: Contracts with illegal subject matter or those that violate public policy are void. Misrepresentation, Fraud, Duress, and Undue Influence: Misrepresentation and Fraud: False statements can be a defense, with fraud being an intentional falsehood. Duress: Contracts formed under threat or pressure are voidable. Economic duress can also apply. Undue Influence: If there is a relationship of trust or dominance, taking advantage of the other party can be undue influence. Putting It All Together: Contract analysis involves a step-by-step approach: identify offer, acceptance, and consideration, then check for defenses. If a contract is valid, it then can be assessed for breach and remedies. Examples and Illustrations: The lecture provides examples to illustrate key concepts: Scenario A shows how a counteroffer terminates the original offer. Scenario B demonstrates how a minor can disaffirm a contract. Scenario C shows how partial performance can create an exception to the Statute of Frauds. Day One Conclusion and Preview: The lecture concludes by summarizing the elements of contract formation and key defenses. Day Two will discuss performance, breach, and remedies.

Lecture 1 I. Introduction to Contract Law Good morning! Welcome to our three-day deep dive into Contract Law. Over the next three sessions, we will examine every major aspect needed to pass a law school exam or bar exam question on contracts. Today, we'll focus on the foundations of contract law, including formation (offer, acceptance, consideration) and defenses to enforceability. A. Definition and Importance of Contracts A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties. Contracts allow parties to confidently arrange transactions, plan for the future, and allocate risk. II. Formation of a Contract Contract formation centers on offer, acceptance, and consideration. Offer An offer is a manifestation of willingness to enter into a bargain, justifying another in believing that their assent will conclude the deal. Must be sufficiently definite and certain. Offers can be terminated by revocation, rejection or counteroffer, lapse of time, or operation of law (e.g., death of offeror before acceptance). Acceptance Acceptance is the offeree's unambiguous assent to the terms of the offer. Common Law Mirror Image Rule: Acceptance must match the offer precisely; otherwise, it's a counteroffer. Mailbox Rule: Acceptance is generally effective upon dispatch if correctly mailed or transmitted. UCC 2-207 (Battle of the Forms) relaxes the mirror image rule for the sale of goods. Consideration Consideration requires a bargained-for exchange of legal value or detriment. Gifts and past actions typically do not constitute consideration. Preexisting Duty Rule: A promise to do what one is already obligated to do is not valid consideration (exceptions: unforeseen difficulties, mutual modifications under the UCC, etc.). Promissory Estoppel can make certain promises enforceable even without consideration if the promisee justifiably relied on the promise to their detriment. III. Enforceability and Defenses Even if a contract appears valid, certain defenses may render it unenforceable or voidable: Statute of Frauds (SoF) Certain contracts (e.g., for land interests, goods over $500) must be in writing and signed by the party to be charged. Exceptions include part performance, specially manufactured goods, or reliance where injustice can be avoided only by enforcement. Capacity Minors: Contracts with minors are usually voidable by the minor. Mental Incapacity: Contracts can be voidable if a party cannot understand the nature of the transaction. Intoxication: A party significantly impaired may void the contract if the other had reason to know. Illegality and Public Policy Contracts for an illegal purpose (e.g., illicit gambling) are void. Some contracts violating public policy (e.g., overly broad non-competes) may be unenforceable. Misrepresentation, Fraud, Duress, Undue Influence Misrepresentation/Fraud: False statements or intentional deception that induces another to contract. Duress: Agreement obtained through improper threats or harm. Undue Influence: Unfair persuasion by a dominant party over a vulnerable party.

musing on literature as portal, affectivity, the book as object, film as dream, and relationality in this informal lecture on where to begin in literature. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/caridad-svich/support

In Episode 8 of Season  3, Meg reminds you of the importance of being attentive in class. Putting on her professor regalia for this episode, the Pleasure Professor reviews Setting the Mood. Knowing very well that she has some...intelligent and experienced scholars in her audience, she decides to give a pre-assessment to see what we know thus far before delving into the most important lesson she will ever teach you.Introduction Plays:Sex Isn't Intimacy. Sex is pleasurable and becomes more pleasurable when you have intimacy. Not sold? Let's rethink love, relationships, and sex. Let me seduce you. You are listening to the Linguist of Love. Welcome to the Erotic Renaissance. Erotic Renaissance music plays.You can join Meg on linguistoflove.com where she hosts a community aimed on personal development, restructuring relationships to be more authentic and built on communication, transparency, and empathy, and exploring sensuality and eroticism in safe ways that push your boundaries to allow you to create the space you deserve to live the life that will bring you more joy, peace, and love.

Welcome to an enlightening episode of The Neville Goddard Lectures Podcast! Join your host Lynna K Teer as she embarks on a transformative exploration of self-discovery through the teachings of Neville Goddard. In today's episode, Lynna will be reading Lecture One of Two, both titled "Who AM I," from Neville's powerful lecture series delivered in 1968. Lynna K Teer, a respected spiritual teacher, and coach, invites you to join her on a profound journey of self-inquiry. Through Neville's timeless wisdom, you'll embark on a quest to uncover the true essence of your being and the limitless potential within you. The Neville Goddard Lectures Podcast is your portal to spiritual enlightenment and personal transformation. With each episode, Lynna skillfully reads Neville's lectures, guiding you toward a deeper understanding of your own identity and the power of your consciousness. But the Neville Goddard Lectures Podcast offers more than just episodes. If you yearn for further insights and knowledge, be sure to explore Lynna's engaging blog and dynamic YouTube channel. Dive deeper into Neville's lectures, unravel the profound symbolism of the Bible, awaken your mindset, manifest your desires, and embrace mystical experiences that will forever change your perspective on life. Tune in now to this captivating episode of the Neville Goddard Lectures Podcast as Lynna K Teer presents Lecture One of Neville Goddard's transformative series, "Who AM I." Prepare to embark on a journey of self-discovery, unlock the secrets of your true identity, and harness the power within you. It's time to awaken to your authentic self and embrace the infinite possibilities that await.

This Podcast was recorded for a Leadership Lecture at International Leadership University (ILU) Nairobi Kenya. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/kngeorge/message

INTRODUCTION TO INTERIORIZED MONASTICISM Interiorized Monasticism and Ascetic Ideal: • Obscured: Out of reach to majority. • Revealed: Fundamental principle of life in Christ. Eschatological Dimensions: Obscured: Life cut off from the world or world cut off from life of the kingdom. Revealed: Incarnation and kingdom of God present; Kingdom within through gift of the Spirit (active eschatology, touching every aspect of the world; living now in light of the End). Beauty Saves the World: Obscured: Culture as cult, autonomous from God and guided by sensibilities of the age. Revealed: Rediscovery of culture through the beauty of holiness. Jesus is the Holy One - the most beautiful of the sons of men. He is the perfect icon, manifesting God unveiled. The Monastic Ideal: Obscured: Return to the ancient forms of monastic ascesis. Revealed: Internalized. The human psyche is renewed from within. Five Fundamental Elements of Interiorized Monasticism (Upcoming Lectures): • Prayer • Eschatological Maximalism • Poverty • Chastity • Obedience

In today's episode, I will be reading Neville Goddards' lecture from 1968 titled "Awake O' Sleeper (Lecture One)." Welcome to the Neville Goddard Lectures on the Journey of Awakening Podcast. My name is Lynna K Teer and I am a spiritual teacher and coach. In this podcast, I read the lectures given by the mystic Neville Goddard. If you are interested in diving deeper into Neville's lectures or content on Bible symbolism, awakening, mindset, manifesting, and mystical experiences, check out my blog or my YouTube channel. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/lynna-teer/support

By Darris McNeely in Ambassador Bible College - August 24, 2022 - The first in The Ambassador Bible College lecture series on the book of Acts.

March 28, 2022 | Annie Kinkead Warfield Lectures Lecture One: Rethinking developments in pneumatology Lecturer: Dr. Friederike Nüssel, professor of systematic theology and director of the Ecumenical Institute at Heidelberg University; director of Marsilius-Kolleg (Institute for Interdisciplinary Inquiry) at Heidelberg University

Lecture One What Helping Others Can Do For You Healing Series Mufti Menk

October 25, 2021 | The 2021 Students' Lecture on Missions series Lecture series: “Fully Into the Present: Inventory, Metamorphosis, and Emergenc(i)es.” Lecture one: "Inventory" Lecturer: Dr. Cláudio Carvalhaes, associate professor of worship, Union Theological Seminary

Part 1 of a special 2-hour lecture, we will be analyzing the Critical Race Theory from a Christian Perspective, identifying some its foundational ideas, while also pointing out many of its dangerous implications. Presented By Rev. Dr. Matthew Everhard

This is a cultural background to American Literature that I usually present in class but, alas, we are not allowed in class at the moment so I thought I would make this available for my students and anyone who might be interested.

---DESCRIPTION---Theodor Adorno is most well known for a book he wrote with Horkheimer called The Dialectic of Enlightenment, his magnum opus Negative Dialectics, or for his affiliation with The Frankfurt School for Social Research. Hated by liberals, conservatives, communists, and Nazis alike, Adorno is, perhaps, really only appreciated for his expansive, original, and incisive mind (abnormally large brain). Hated for the difficulty of his prose, these public lectures, read by yours truly, are a lot more approachable and accessible than any of the works for which Adorno is typically known. In other words, there is no better place to find an introduction to dialectics OR Adorno than through his lecture course called An Introduction to Dialectics. ---MY SHORT ESSAY IN DEFENSE OF LISTENING TO BOOKS---"It's hard to pay attention to an audiobook, or when someone is reading aloud," is a very common complaint I receive, not just from folks online, but more often from people in my normal life. Maybe it won't work for everyone, in which case I hope you may find the inspiration and time-energy to tackle it on your own. A lot of folks who need to cultivate their minds will not have such a luxury though, so outside of surplus leisure time, consider the fact that your listening comprehension is a muscle that can be strengthened over time. The emerging working class intellectual revolution needs a new mentality about books than the linear-consumerist model (this model insists that you consume a book from start to finish, typically just once to the exclusion of others). Schooling has taught people not to even look at a book if they don't have the time-energy or focus-ability to take on a huge undertaking, so quality is abandoned for the endless focus-grouped and advertiser-funded blogosphere. But if you can listen to podcasts, chances are your brain is well on the way to being able to take on book-listening. Does getting distracted stop you from getting on social media? Does the fact that you might not finish or register every word on a website stop you from opening a website to glance over its content or, even, to just focus on an area of the site? Something about how we are trained to see and treat books has raised the stakes for some reason. Normalize listening even if you don't understand every word. Learning and understanding are "retroversive," meaning that it is an ongoing process where you will never entirely achieve perfect knowing. Let go of perfectionist expectations. Treat it like a TV you can tune into and back out of freely. Distractions are fine, you can always go over it again later. Consider your first brush with the text nothing but a first pass, speed dating or window shopping, just getting a sense of whether, why, and when this is worth returning to.Enjoy!---RECOMMENDATIONS---Can’t wait for more dank theory reading content? Go check out Dank Audio Stash, eCodex, and Theory and Philosophy. If you like what you see, subscribe!Dank Audio Stash is a growing collection of entire books or excerpts read aloud by robot readers: https://www.youtube.com/c/DankAudioStash24/videoseCodex is less formal and more personable, reading aloud while sipping on wine and chatting with her live audience! https://www.youtube.com/c/eCodex/videosTheory & Philosophy has a lot of reading-aloud and then unpacking sections of popular theory or philosophy texts kinds of content: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIq2xNjGAof0cCUaKbco6HQ/videos--- CREDITS ---My content from 2021 onward is de-monetized, self-funded, and to be used for educational purposes only.All music rights bought and paid for on Epidemic Sound.If you are looking for good music for your own creations, then I highly recommend this site. It is relatively cheap for quality music and sound effects. Use my link to start your account and I’ll earn another free month!https://www.epidemicsound.com/referral/h3mooy/

This podcast will discuss an introduction to constitutional law. Derivative work from the following original:Liberty, Equality, and Due Process: Cases, Controversies, and Contexts in Constitutional Law & First Amendment: Cases, Controversies, and Contexts, by Ruthann Robson. The casebooks are published by CALI eLangdell Press and licensed Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0. This derivative work is licensed the same as the original.

This lecture is a part of the Forge Program of Mosaic Church and Eastside Church.

This lecture is a part of the Forge Program of Mosaic and Eastside Church.

Genesis: Book or Scroll It does not matter if you take the texts to be literally true or not, the fact is that the Bible contains a kind of truth that is transformative and life-changing. It is God’s word not because a pen came down from heaven to write it, but because it was inspired by God through the minds and hearts of human beings. And because living in relationship with these stories can reorient us as to the reason we are here, why God made us and what purpose we are called to serve in our time on Earth.

The philosophy of G.W.F. Hegel is a major focus of Robert Brandom's work. Brandom makes Hegel's thought accessible to analytic philosophy by developing a semantic interpretation of the "Phenomenology of Spirit". In his Munich lectures, Brandom is going to present new texts on the "Introduction" of Hegel's Phenomenology for the first time.

Apologetics Series | Lecture One by Wilkesboro Baptist

Professor Janet Radcliffe-Richards gives (OUC Distinguished Research Fellow) gives the first of three lectures on feminism for the Uehiro Practical Ethics lecture series. After a hundred and fifty years of feminism, we are still struggling to achieve a satisfactory legal and social framework for managing the relations of the sexes. This is partly, of course, because so many men have been unwilling to give up their traditional privileges, and the original feminist project is still far from finished. But more fundamentally than that, we have no clear conception of what a fair arrangement would be. You can regard some kinds of inequality as definitely unjust while being in considerable doubt about others. And even if we ever thought we had reached an ideal solution, the endlessly shifting landscape of technological change would soon throw things into turmoil. Reproductive technology alone has already taken us far out of our moral depth. Even if there could be no such thing as a definitive solution, however, a good deal can be said about particular aims and attitudes. There is still a great deal of confusion in public debate, in which many arguments depend on fallacies of equivocation or dubious, unrecognized presuppositions. By drawing on some elements of the original nineteenth-century debate, I hope to show how various present-day ideas and arguments can be rescued from some of this confusion, and cast light on such contested areas as sex equality, the natures of women and men, ideology, political correctness and the appropriate aims of feminism.

Lecture One of the Ramadan Series of 1438H 2017

Behaviours of Concern (BoC) such as aggression are a debilitating and distressing consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Through their research, Kate Gould and Amelia Hicks explored the lived experience of BoC and treatment history in individuals with TBI, and their family members and/or clinicians. In brief, it was found that participants with TBI and their informants described frequent and persistent BoC, particularly physical and verbal aggression and socially inappropriate behaviour, even many years post-injury. Kate and Amelia highlighted the impact of BoC on relationships and employment which can lead to social isolation, a loss of sense of self, anger, depression, and in turn, aggressive behaviours. Transcript: https://www.summerfoundation.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/2017-BREAKFAST-LECTURE-1-SUMMER-SERIES-2017.pdf

TOPIC: Return to Driving after Traumatic Brain Injury - Processes, Outcomes and Driver Rehabilitation PRESENTED BY: Pam Ross, Grade 4 Senior Occupational Therapist, Driving and Vocational Rehabilitation Coordinator, Epworth Rehabilitation.

TOPIC: Offenders with ABI in the Magistrates' Court: Support services & sentencing considerations. PRESENTED BY: Deputy Chief Magistrate Ms Jelena Popovic

Join Christopher Tully as he discusses a new experiment called PTOLEMY (Princeton Tritium Observatory for Light, Early-Universe, Massive-Neutrino Yield) and its potential to challenge predictions and properties of neutrinos. This lecture took place at the Hayden Planetarium on June 8, 2015. Support for Hayden Planetarium Programs is provided by the Horace W. Goldsmith Endowment Fund.

Introductory Lecture of the series by Tom Scotland, Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon Emeritus on; 'Casualties sustained by the British Expeditionary Force in France and Flanders, 1914-1918' The lecture is preceded by both a short introduction given by Miles Stephenson the Director of Alumni and Donor Relations for the university and a short history of the 3rd West Riding Field Ambulance given by Derek Cullen.

Lord Plant examines the issue of identity and religion before the law in a liberal society: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/rights-law-and-religion-in-a-liberal-society-lecture-oneThere have been quite a few high profile legal cases relating to the extent of the recognition of the role of religion in a person's life and the need for a liberal society to accommodate such beliefs on the one hand whilst recognising the claim that religions should be regarded as private belief which should not give rise to any specific forms of recognition in the public realm. It is often argued that religion is a much weaker form of identity than, say, gender or sexual orientation because religion is chosen and is a self assumed form of identity whereas, so it is argued, this is not true of other forms of identity which should be protected because they are given rather than chosen forms. We need to look at these arguments and if they hold water and what follows for politics and the law in a liberal society.The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/rights-law-and-religion-in-a-liberal-society-lecture-oneGresham College has been giving free public lectures since 1597. This tradition continues today with all of our five or so public lectures a week being made available for free download from our website. There are currently over 1,500 lectures free to access or download from the website.Website: http://www.gresham.ac.ukTwitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollegeFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege

We live in volatile times, as the Arab Spring and August riots have demonstrated. Professor Costa outlines an ethics of business best suited to dealing with this situation, an approach based on a morality of visions and values. This lecture was delivered by Professor Michael Mainelli, Emeritus Gresham Professor of Commerce.

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part six of six) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangū Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part six of six - audio) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part five of six) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part five of six - audio) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part four of six) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part four of six - audio) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part three of six - audio) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part three of six) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part two of six) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part two of six - audio) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part one of six) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The History of the Shin Buddhist Tradition (part one of six - audio only) by Professor Atsushi Hirata, Department of History, Ryūkoku University, Kyoto, Japan. In Japanese with live English translation. This is a six part series covering the 2011 Ryūkoku Lecture Series held at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, CA, in March 2011. Lecture One (parts one and two): Buddhadharma and the feudal system Lecture Two (parts three and four): The Sangō Wakuran incident and its impact Lecture Three (parts five and six): Hongwanji and the State: the two truth theory

The first part in a series of conversations/discussions with distinguished leaders who will examine the challenges of leadership at a time of financial and geo-political dislocation. For the other parts in this series, please follow this link.

This is part six of a six part series. Dennis Hirota, Professor in the Department of Shin Buddhist Studies at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, was the Institute of Buddhist Studies' 2010 Ryukoku Lecturer. Dr. Hirota's topic was "Shinran's Phenomenology of Religious Life: Toward a Rethinking of Shinjin." The lecture was divided into three parts over the course of three separate days. The audio tracks here roughly compare to the following: Lecture One, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Truth": parts one and two Lecture Two, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Time": parts three and four Lecture Three, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Dwelling": parts five and six Dr. Hirota is known for his translation work in "The Collected Works of Shinran" and original works such as "No Abode: The Record of Ippen," "Toward a Contemporary Understanding of Pure Land Buddhism," "Shinran: An Introduction to His Thought," and "Tannisho: A Primer." Originally recorded March 10, 16, and 17, 2010 at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in the Jodo Shinshu Center, Berkeley, Ca. Copyright © 2010, Denis Hirota.

This is part five of a six part series. Dennis Hirota, Professor in the Department of Shin Buddhist Studies at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, was the Institute of Buddhist Studies' 2010 Ryukoku Lecturer. Dr. Hirota's topic was "Shinran's Phenomenology of Religious Life: Toward a Rethinking of Shinjin." The lecture was divided into three parts over the course of three separate days. The audio tracks here roughly compare to the following: Lecture One, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Truth": parts one and two Lecture Two, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Time": parts three and four Lecture Three, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Dwelling": parts five and six Dr. Hirota is known for his translation work in "The Collected Works of Shinran" and original works such as "No Abode: The Record of Ippen," "Toward a Contemporary Understanding of Pure Land Buddhism," "Shinran: An Introduction to His Thought," and "Tannisho: A Primer." Originally recorded March 10, 16, and 17, 2010 at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in the Jodo Shinshu Center, Berkeley, Ca. Copyright © 2010, Denis Hirota.

This is part four of a six part series. Dennis Hirota, Professor in the Department of Shin Buddhist Studies at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, was the Institute of Buddhist Studies' 2010 Ryukoku Lecturer. Dr. Hirota's topic was "Shinran's Phenomenology of Religious Life: Toward a Rethinking of Shinjin." The lecture was divided into three parts over the course of three separate days. The audio tracks here roughly compare to the following: Lecture One, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Truth": parts one and two Lecture Two, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Time": parts three and four Lecture Three, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Dwelling": parts five and six Dr. Hirota is known for his translation work in "The Collected Works of Shinran" and original works such as "No Abode: The Record of Ippen," "Toward a Contemporary Understanding of Pure Land Buddhism," "Shinran: An Introduction to His Thought," and "Tannisho: A Primer." Originally recorded March 10, 16, and 17, 2010 at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in the Jodo Shinshu Center, Berkeley, Ca. Copyright © 2010, Denis Hirota.

This is part three of a six part series. Dennis Hirota, Professor in the Department of Shin Buddhist Studies at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, was the Institute of Buddhist Studies' 2010 Ryukoku Lecturer. Dr. Hirota's topic was "Shinran's Phenomenology of Religious Life: Toward a Rethinking of Shinjin." The lecture was divided into three parts over the course of three separate days. The audio tracks here roughly compare to the following: Lecture One, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Truth": parts one and two Lecture Two, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Time": parts three and four Lecture Three, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Dwelling": parts five and six Dr. Hirota is known for his translation work in "The Collected Works of Shinran" and original works such as "No Abode: The Record of Ippen," "Toward a Contemporary Understanding of Pure Land Buddhism," "Shinran: An Introduction to His Thought," and "Tannisho: A Primer." Originally recorded March 10, 16, and 17, 2010 at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in the Jodo Shinshu Center, Berkeley, Ca. Copyright © 2010, Denis Hirota.

This is part two of a six part series. Dennis Hirota, Professor in the Department of Shin Buddhist Studies at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, was the Institute of Buddhist Studies' 2010 Ryukoku Lecturer. Dr. Hirota's topic was "Shinran's Phenomenology of Religious Life: Toward a Rethinking of Shinjin." The lecture was divided into three parts over the course of three separate days. The audio tracks here roughly compare to the following: Lecture One, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Truth": parts one and two Lecture Two, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Time": parts three and four Lecture Three, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Dwelling": parts five and six Dr. Hirota is known for his translation work in "The Collected Works of Shinran" and original works such as "No Abode: The Record of Ippen," "Toward a Contemporary Understanding of Pure Land Buddhism," "Shinran: An Introduction to His Thought," and "Tannisho: A Primer." Originally recorded March 10, 16, and 17, 2010 at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in the Jodo Shinshu Center, Berkeley, Ca. Copyright © 2010, Denis Hirota.

Dennis Hirota, Professor in the Department of Shin Buddhist Studies at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, was the Institute of Buddhist Studies' 2010 Ryukoku Lecturer. Dr. Hirota's topic was "Shinran's Phenomenology of Religious Life: Toward a Rethinking of Shinjin." The lecture was divided into three parts over the course of three separate days. The audio tracks here roughly compare to the following: Lecture One, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Truth": parts one and two Lecture Two, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Time": parts three and four Lecture Three, "The Shin Buddhist Path and Dwelling": parts five and six Dr. Hirota is known for his translation work in "The Collected Works of Shinran" and original works such as "No Abode: The Record of Ippen," "Toward a Contemporary Understanding of Pure Land Buddhism," "Shinran: An Introduction to His Thought," and "Tannisho: A Primer." Originally recorded March 10, 16, and 17, 2010 at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in the Jodo Shinshu Center, Berkeley, Ca. Copyright © 2010, Denis Hirota.

The Revd Professor Richard Chartres begins his series on Victorian morality by considering Charles Thomas Longley (1794-1868), perhaps the most critically neglected Archbishop of Canterbury of the nineteenth-century.

Much debate and dispute surrounds the exploration and exploitation of deep ocean polymetallic nodules. In the first of two lectures, Professor Kenneth Simmonds untangles the complicated political and legal issues of seabed mining.The second lecture in this series can be found...