Podcasts about French West Africa

Since the French Revolution of 1789, the absence of laws banning interracial marriages has served to reinforce two myths about modern France--first, that it is a sexual democracy and second, it is a color-blind nation where all French citizens can freely marry whomever they wish regardless of their race. Caroline Séquin challenges the narrative of French exceptionalism by revealing the role of prostitution regulation in policing intimate relationships across racial and colonial boundaries in the century following the abolition of slavery. Desiring Whiteness: A Racial History of Prostitution in France and Colonial Senegal, 1848-1950 (Cornell UP, 2024) traces the rise and fall of the "French model" of prostitution policing in the "contact zones" of port cities and garrison towns across France and in Dakar, Senegal, the main maritime entry point of French West Africa. Séquin describes how the regulation of prostitution covertly policed racial relations and contributed to the making of white French identity in an imperial nation-state that claimed to be race-blind. She also examines how sex industry workers exploited, reinforced, or transgressed the racial boundaries of colonial rule. Brothels served as "gatekeepers of whiteness" in two arenas. In colonial Senegal, white-only brothels helped deter French colonists from entering unions with African women and producing mixed-race children, thus consolidating white minority rule. In the metropole, brothels condoned interracial sex with white sex workers while dissuading colonial men from forming long-term attachments with white French women. Ultimately, brothels followed a similar racial logic that contributed to upholding white supremacy. Dr. Séquin earned a BA and MA in English and American Studies at Université Nancy 2, an MA in Women and Gender Studies at Université Paris 8, and her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She has won a number of awards from a range of institutions including Best Paper Prize from the Council for European Studies' Gender and Sexuality Research Network for the article “Marie Piquemal, the ‘Colonial Madam': Brothel Prostitution, Migration, and the Making of Whiteness in Interwar Dakar”. But I want to call attention to her Edward T. Gargan Prize for the best graduate student paper presented on post-1800 history at the annual conference of the Western Society for French History. Since 2019 she has been an Assistant Professor of Modern European History at Lafayette College. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Since the French Revolution of 1789, the absence of laws banning interracial marriages has served to reinforce two myths about modern France--first, that it is a sexual democracy and second, it is a color-blind nation where all French citizens can freely marry whomever they wish regardless of their race. Caroline Séquin challenges the narrative of French exceptionalism by revealing the role of prostitution regulation in policing intimate relationships across racial and colonial boundaries in the century following the abolition of slavery. Desiring Whiteness: A Racial History of Prostitution in France and Colonial Senegal, 1848-1950 (Cornell UP, 2024) traces the rise and fall of the "French model" of prostitution policing in the "contact zones" of port cities and garrison towns across France and in Dakar, Senegal, the main maritime entry point of French West Africa. Séquin describes how the regulation of prostitution covertly policed racial relations and contributed to the making of white French identity in an imperial nation-state that claimed to be race-blind. She also examines how sex industry workers exploited, reinforced, or transgressed the racial boundaries of colonial rule. Brothels served as "gatekeepers of whiteness" in two arenas. In colonial Senegal, white-only brothels helped deter French colonists from entering unions with African women and producing mixed-race children, thus consolidating white minority rule. In the metropole, brothels condoned interracial sex with white sex workers while dissuading colonial men from forming long-term attachments with white French women. Ultimately, brothels followed a similar racial logic that contributed to upholding white supremacy. Dr. Séquin earned a BA and MA in English and American Studies at Université Nancy 2, an MA in Women and Gender Studies at Université Paris 8, and her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She has won a number of awards from a range of institutions including Best Paper Prize from the Council for European Studies' Gender and Sexuality Research Network for the article “Marie Piquemal, the ‘Colonial Madam': Brothel Prostitution, Migration, and the Making of Whiteness in Interwar Dakar”. But I want to call attention to her Edward T. Gargan Prize for the best graduate student paper presented on post-1800 history at the annual conference of the Western Society for French History. Since 2019 she has been an Assistant Professor of Modern European History at Lafayette College. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Since the French Revolution of 1789, the absence of laws banning interracial marriages has served to reinforce two myths about modern France--first, that it is a sexual democracy and second, it is a color-blind nation where all French citizens can freely marry whomever they wish regardless of their race. Caroline Séquin challenges the narrative of French exceptionalism by revealing the role of prostitution regulation in policing intimate relationships across racial and colonial boundaries in the century following the abolition of slavery. Desiring Whiteness: A Racial History of Prostitution in France and Colonial Senegal, 1848-1950 (Cornell UP, 2024) traces the rise and fall of the "French model" of prostitution policing in the "contact zones" of port cities and garrison towns across France and in Dakar, Senegal, the main maritime entry point of French West Africa. Séquin describes how the regulation of prostitution covertly policed racial relations and contributed to the making of white French identity in an imperial nation-state that claimed to be race-blind. She also examines how sex industry workers exploited, reinforced, or transgressed the racial boundaries of colonial rule. Brothels served as "gatekeepers of whiteness" in two arenas. In colonial Senegal, white-only brothels helped deter French colonists from entering unions with African women and producing mixed-race children, thus consolidating white minority rule. In the metropole, brothels condoned interracial sex with white sex workers while dissuading colonial men from forming long-term attachments with white French women. Ultimately, brothels followed a similar racial logic that contributed to upholding white supremacy. Dr. Séquin earned a BA and MA in English and American Studies at Université Nancy 2, an MA in Women and Gender Studies at Université Paris 8, and her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She has won a number of awards from a range of institutions including Best Paper Prize from the Council for European Studies' Gender and Sexuality Research Network for the article “Marie Piquemal, the ‘Colonial Madam': Brothel Prostitution, Migration, and the Making of Whiteness in Interwar Dakar”. But I want to call attention to her Edward T. Gargan Prize for the best graduate student paper presented on post-1800 history at the annual conference of the Western Society for French History. Since 2019 she has been an Assistant Professor of Modern European History at Lafayette College. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/african-studies

Since the French Revolution of 1789, the absence of laws banning interracial marriages has served to reinforce two myths about modern France--first, that it is a sexual democracy and second, it is a color-blind nation where all French citizens can freely marry whomever they wish regardless of their race. Caroline Séquin challenges the narrative of French exceptionalism by revealing the role of prostitution regulation in policing intimate relationships across racial and colonial boundaries in the century following the abolition of slavery. Desiring Whiteness: A Racial History of Prostitution in France and Colonial Senegal, 1848-1950 (Cornell UP, 2024) traces the rise and fall of the "French model" of prostitution policing in the "contact zones" of port cities and garrison towns across France and in Dakar, Senegal, the main maritime entry point of French West Africa. Séquin describes how the regulation of prostitution covertly policed racial relations and contributed to the making of white French identity in an imperial nation-state that claimed to be race-blind. She also examines how sex industry workers exploited, reinforced, or transgressed the racial boundaries of colonial rule. Brothels served as "gatekeepers of whiteness" in two arenas. In colonial Senegal, white-only brothels helped deter French colonists from entering unions with African women and producing mixed-race children, thus consolidating white minority rule. In the metropole, brothels condoned interracial sex with white sex workers while dissuading colonial men from forming long-term attachments with white French women. Ultimately, brothels followed a similar racial logic that contributed to upholding white supremacy. Dr. Séquin earned a BA and MA in English and American Studies at Université Nancy 2, an MA in Women and Gender Studies at Université Paris 8, and her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She has won a number of awards from a range of institutions including Best Paper Prize from the Council for European Studies' Gender and Sexuality Research Network for the article “Marie Piquemal, the ‘Colonial Madam': Brothel Prostitution, Migration, and the Making of Whiteness in Interwar Dakar”. But I want to call attention to her Edward T. Gargan Prize for the best graduate student paper presented on post-1800 history at the annual conference of the Western Society for French History. Since 2019 she has been an Assistant Professor of Modern European History at Lafayette College. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Since the French Revolution of 1789, the absence of laws banning interracial marriages has served to reinforce two myths about modern France--first, that it is a sexual democracy and second, it is a color-blind nation where all French citizens can freely marry whomever they wish regardless of their race. Caroline Séquin challenges the narrative of French exceptionalism by revealing the role of prostitution regulation in policing intimate relationships across racial and colonial boundaries in the century following the abolition of slavery. Desiring Whiteness: A Racial History of Prostitution in France and Colonial Senegal, 1848-1950 (Cornell UP, 2024) traces the rise and fall of the "French model" of prostitution policing in the "contact zones" of port cities and garrison towns across France and in Dakar, Senegal, the main maritime entry point of French West Africa. Séquin describes how the regulation of prostitution covertly policed racial relations and contributed to the making of white French identity in an imperial nation-state that claimed to be race-blind. She also examines how sex industry workers exploited, reinforced, or transgressed the racial boundaries of colonial rule. Brothels served as "gatekeepers of whiteness" in two arenas. In colonial Senegal, white-only brothels helped deter French colonists from entering unions with African women and producing mixed-race children, thus consolidating white minority rule. In the metropole, brothels condoned interracial sex with white sex workers while dissuading colonial men from forming long-term attachments with white French women. Ultimately, brothels followed a similar racial logic that contributed to upholding white supremacy. Dr. Séquin earned a BA and MA in English and American Studies at Université Nancy 2, an MA in Women and Gender Studies at Université Paris 8, and her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She has won a number of awards from a range of institutions including Best Paper Prize from the Council for European Studies' Gender and Sexuality Research Network for the article “Marie Piquemal, the ‘Colonial Madam': Brothel Prostitution, Migration, and the Making of Whiteness in Interwar Dakar”. But I want to call attention to her Edward T. Gargan Prize for the best graduate student paper presented on post-1800 history at the annual conference of the Western Society for French History. Since 2019 she has been an Assistant Professor of Modern European History at Lafayette College. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/french-studies

Since the French Revolution of 1789, the absence of laws banning interracial marriages has served to reinforce two myths about modern France--first, that it is a sexual democracy and second, it is a color-blind nation where all French citizens can freely marry whomever they wish regardless of their race. Caroline Séquin challenges the narrative of French exceptionalism by revealing the role of prostitution regulation in policing intimate relationships across racial and colonial boundaries in the century following the abolition of slavery. Desiring Whiteness: A Racial History of Prostitution in France and Colonial Senegal, 1848-1950 (Cornell UP, 2024) traces the rise and fall of the "French model" of prostitution policing in the "contact zones" of port cities and garrison towns across France and in Dakar, Senegal, the main maritime entry point of French West Africa. Séquin describes how the regulation of prostitution covertly policed racial relations and contributed to the making of white French identity in an imperial nation-state that claimed to be race-blind. She also examines how sex industry workers exploited, reinforced, or transgressed the racial boundaries of colonial rule. Brothels served as "gatekeepers of whiteness" in two arenas. In colonial Senegal, white-only brothels helped deter French colonists from entering unions with African women and producing mixed-race children, thus consolidating white minority rule. In the metropole, brothels condoned interracial sex with white sex workers while dissuading colonial men from forming long-term attachments with white French women. Ultimately, brothels followed a similar racial logic that contributed to upholding white supremacy. Dr. Séquin earned a BA and MA in English and American Studies at Université Nancy 2, an MA in Women and Gender Studies at Université Paris 8, and her Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. She has won a number of awards from a range of institutions including Best Paper Prize from the Council for European Studies' Gender and Sexuality Research Network for the article “Marie Piquemal, the ‘Colonial Madam': Brothel Prostitution, Migration, and the Making of Whiteness in Interwar Dakar”. But I want to call attention to her Edward T. Gargan Prize for the best graduate student paper presented on post-1800 history at the annual conference of the Western Society for French History. Since 2019 she has been an Assistant Professor of Modern European History at Lafayette College. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Bonjour tout le monde! In this week's Conflicted, Thomas and Aimen are going continental as they continue their survey of Africa, with the first of a two part series on French West Africa, aka La Françafrique! France's West African colonial possessions are relatively unknown in the English speaking world, but from Chad to Senegal, their histories are fascinating, and remind us of the disturbing continued tentacles of colonialism on the continent… In this first episode, Thomas and Aimen take us back to the precursors to colonial West Africa, from the Ghana Empire of antiquity, to the resplendent reign of Mansa Musa and his Malian empire renowned as the richest in the world… They then look to the arrival of the French and the ‘civilising mission', before examining how France have continued to subjugate and exploit many West African countries through a neo-imperial control of their monetary policies. New Conflicted Season 5 episodes will be coming every two weeks, but if you want to have your Conflicted fix every single week, then you'll have to join our Conflicted Community. Subscribers will get bonus episodes every other week, and can also join our Conflicted Community chatroom, where you can interact with fellow dearest listeners, discuss episodes past and future, get exclusive messages from Thomas and Aimen, ask future Q&A questions and so much more. All the information you need to sign up to the Conflicted Community is on this link: https://conflicted.supportingcast.fm/  Find us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MHconflicted And Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/MHconflicted Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In the heart of West Africa is a nation that has been at the center of all things West Africa for milenia. This nation has seen the influence of some of the most prominent empires of history like the Mali Empire and the French Empire. This nation was the center of the Atlantic Slave trade and then the capital of French West Africa. Since then this nation has improved its economy, democracy and structure to become a growing independent nation of today. This is Senegal. 

The city of Saint-Louis, in northern Senegal, is grappling with a dire reality: rising sea levels. The former administrative capital of French West Africa, Saint-Louis sits between the Senegal River and the Atlantic Ocean. Its highest point stands just 13 feet above sea level, and it gets waves from both fresh and seawater that have become a growing threat. Fishing is one of the main industries in Saint-Louis. But the city's fishing village of Guet Ndar is now on the verge of disappearing.“We had to walk very far to reach the ocean, but now we have it right in front of our houses.”Cheikh Badiane, retired fisherman“Growing up, what we used to see is not what we're seeing today,” said Cheikh Badiane, a retired fisherman who grew up in the neighborhood and still lives there with his children and grandchildren. “We had to walk very far to reach the ocean, but now we have it right in front of our houses.” Several decades ago, Badiane recalled, the water was half a mile away.  Now, it washes up to the houses on the shore, sometimes seeping through the windows.In 2018, a high-tide event destroyed many houses, mosques and schools in Guet Ndar. About 1,500 people were forced to move to Diougop, a displacement camp funded by the United Nations that's 5 miles away inland. Most of them still live there. Back in 2018, a school was destroyed by a high-tide event on the coast of Saint-Louis, Senegal. Credit: Maria Elena Romero/The World All the tents at the camp look identical, with white walls, a blue roof and little plastic windows. There are a few trees and everything is surrounded by sand. “We are here, but that's not what we truly want. We really miss the beachside,” said Sailo Boufal, a mother who has lived in the camp with her kids for four years, after their house was destroyed. She said the relentless heat is the worst part of it.“We don't have electricity. We are already dead because of the heat, nobody can go in the tents before 10 p.m.” Sailo Boufal, a mother at the displacement camp who says she and her kids miss the beachside, lies down on the floor of a grocery shop where she works. Credit: Maria Elena Romero/The World Boufal said she doesn't see a future for her family at the camp, even if the government builds new houses for them. So, she said she's considering getting on a smuggling boat and trying to make it to the Canary Islands, in Spain, like many of her neighbors have already done. Cheik Badiane, a retired fisherman in the vibrant fishing village of Guet Ndar. Credit: Maria Elena Romero/The World And even though retired fisherman Badiane's house was not destroyed at the time, he and his neighbors have received notice from local authorities warning them that they might also have to relocate soon.Badiane said, though, that he's reluctant to leave.“We have decided to become a coalition and stand strong against the government who wants to take us away from here,” he said. “This is all we know, and all we have.”But Mandaw Gueye, director of the Regional Agency for Development in Saint-Louis, said that in the next few years, about 15,000 more fishermen and their families are expected to move into the area close to the Diougop camp.“Even if they don't want to,” he stressed.He said the government is building a more permanent housing solution there, and arranging to provide shuttle buses for fishermen to reach the coast.There are also plans to build a new sea wall, scheduled to be completed by 2050, after previous ones failed to prevent floodwaters from reaching the village.But that might be too late.It's estimated that in West Africa, over 40 million people in these lowest-lying zones, will be exposed to sea level rises by 2030 — less than a decade away. The sea walls that have been previously built have not been effective in preventing flooding and erosion. Credit: Maria Elena Romero/The World Natural barriers at riskSome of the biggest and fastest-growing cities in African countries are on the coasts and vulnerable to rising seas, said Mark Duerksen, a researcher with the Africa Center for Strategic Studies, and an expert on urbanization on the continent.“It's an open question whether they will all survive and find strategies to host all the people who want to live and work along these bustling shorelines.” The Diougop camp, where some 1,500 people were displaced by sea level rise, is surrounded by sand. Credit: Maria Elena Romero/The World Frequent flooding, storms and coastal erosion are also destroying natural barriers like wetlands, coastal dunes and barrier islands, which create more vulnerability to sea level rise.“This is compounded in many African cities where there are relatively weak environmental protections and significant shortages of existing and affordable housing,” Duerksen added.The United Nations predicts that, over the next couple of decades, around 200 million people could be displaced as a result of flooding and shoreline erosion. The situation is particularly bad in West Africa, where a large percentage of the population lives on the Atlantic shore. Many young people in Saint-Louis have decided to leave for Europe by sea. "No Barca-Barsak" is a common phrase written on walls and ships in the fishing village of Guet Ndar. It roughly translates to “Don't go to Barcelona because you will end up in the cemetery.” Credit: Maria Elena Romero/The World An important cultural legacy that is also threatened by rising seas in Saint-Louis is the city center — a UNESCO World Heritage site, full of colorful architecture, where important jazz and dance festivals take place every year. It includes historical buildings from the 19th and early 20th centuries, which could all disappear with the rising waves.Local journalist Borso Tall contributed to this story.Related: Is it time for Senegal to end its romance with the French baguette?

Kent Tisher has been a follower of the LFF podcast for some time but I only met him after he recently won the Loulabelle's giveaway and was communicating with me regarding the arrangements for the sending of a magnum of Taittinger champagne to him in Canada. I then uncovered his French story and felt I wanted to share it with FrancoFilers everywhere!Kent is the son of international teachers and grew up in French West Africa. Whilst he and I both agree there is a bigger conversation to be had about colonialism, it was interesting to hear of the way he grew up with French influences that have left a lasting impact. Kent also went to medical school in the French Caribbean on the island of St Martin, so his experiences of French culture internationally are quite varied.Now living in Canada, Kent works as a palliative care doctor. I can imagine this work would be extraordinarily taxing, as well as rewarding. Kent says one by-product of the work he does is to focus on living his best life. He does this in some ways by connecting his creative side and freeing his mind by engaging in a couple of his other passions, opera singing and piano playing/composition. But he has also travelled extensively and chatted to me about some amazing experiences he has had in France.Together with his sister and also sometimes with his cousins Kent has done a couple of roadtrips. One particular trip he described to me was a vacation where they all hiked from Dijon through Burgundy. The best part of this trip was that the tour organisers took their luggage from village to village each day so Kent and his family could hike unencumbered through the grape vines. (I imagine it was more like a lovely meandering!)  As he chatted I could actually imagine being there for these experiences. He also explained how drinking champagne in Champagne was a revelation for him! Kent told mer that lots of champagne making happens in local garages and the terroir is so prevalent when tasting the various wines... much more than the large blended champagne houses. I now can't wait to get there!Sometimes people cross our paths for a reason. I feel so fortunate to have crossed paths now with Kent. I now have a new determination to live my best life as he said, whilst staying my own motto to 'be kind".**Louise Prichard is the host of the Loulabelle's FrancoFiles podcast.**Other Loulabelle's links:FrancoFile Fix on YouTubeLoulabelle's FrancoFiles Spotify Playlist Loulabelle's FrancoFiles InstagramLoulabelle's FrancoFiles website

After the turn of the twentieth century, schools played a pivotal role in the construction of French West Africa. But as this dynamic, deeply researched study reveals, the expanding school system also became the site of escalating conflicts. As French authorities worked to develop truncated schools for colonial "subjects," many African students and young elites framed educational projects of their own. Weaving together a complex narrative and rich variety of voices, Harry Gamble explores the high stakes of colonial education. With the disruptions of World War II, contests soon took on new configurations. Seeking to forestall postwar challenges to colonial rule, French authorities showed a new willingness to envision broad reforms, in education as in other areas. Exploiting the new context of the Fourth Republic and the extension of citizenship, African politicians demanded an end to separate and inferior schools.  Harry Gamble's book Contesting French West Africa: Battles Over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950 (U Nebraska Press, 2017) critically examines the move toward educational integration that took shape during the immediate postwar period. Growing linkages to the metropolitan school system ultimately had powerful impacts on the course of decolonization and the making of postcolonial Africa. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

After the turn of the twentieth century, schools played a pivotal role in the construction of French West Africa. But as this dynamic, deeply researched study reveals, the expanding school system also became the site of escalating conflicts. As French authorities worked to develop truncated schools for colonial "subjects," many African students and young elites framed educational projects of their own. Weaving together a complex narrative and rich variety of voices, Harry Gamble explores the high stakes of colonial education. With the disruptions of World War II, contests soon took on new configurations. Seeking to forestall postwar challenges to colonial rule, French authorities showed a new willingness to envision broad reforms, in education as in other areas. Exploiting the new context of the Fourth Republic and the extension of citizenship, African politicians demanded an end to separate and inferior schools.  Harry Gamble's book Contesting French West Africa: Battles Over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950 (U Nebraska Press, 2017) critically examines the move toward educational integration that took shape during the immediate postwar period. Growing linkages to the metropolitan school system ultimately had powerful impacts on the course of decolonization and the making of postcolonial Africa. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

After the turn of the twentieth century, schools played a pivotal role in the construction of French West Africa. But as this dynamic, deeply researched study reveals, the expanding school system also became the site of escalating conflicts. As French authorities worked to develop truncated schools for colonial "subjects," many African students and young elites framed educational projects of their own. Weaving together a complex narrative and rich variety of voices, Harry Gamble explores the high stakes of colonial education. With the disruptions of World War II, contests soon took on new configurations. Seeking to forestall postwar challenges to colonial rule, French authorities showed a new willingness to envision broad reforms, in education as in other areas. Exploiting the new context of the Fourth Republic and the extension of citizenship, African politicians demanded an end to separate and inferior schools.  Harry Gamble's book Contesting French West Africa: Battles Over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950 (U Nebraska Press, 2017) critically examines the move toward educational integration that took shape during the immediate postwar period. Growing linkages to the metropolitan school system ultimately had powerful impacts on the course of decolonization and the making of postcolonial Africa. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/african-studies

After the turn of the twentieth century, schools played a pivotal role in the construction of French West Africa. But as this dynamic, deeply researched study reveals, the expanding school system also became the site of escalating conflicts. As French authorities worked to develop truncated schools for colonial "subjects," many African students and young elites framed educational projects of their own. Weaving together a complex narrative and rich variety of voices, Harry Gamble explores the high stakes of colonial education. With the disruptions of World War II, contests soon took on new configurations. Seeking to forestall postwar challenges to colonial rule, French authorities showed a new willingness to envision broad reforms, in education as in other areas. Exploiting the new context of the Fourth Republic and the extension of citizenship, African politicians demanded an end to separate and inferior schools.  Harry Gamble's book Contesting French West Africa: Battles Over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950 (U Nebraska Press, 2017) critically examines the move toward educational integration that took shape during the immediate postwar period. Growing linkages to the metropolitan school system ultimately had powerful impacts on the course of decolonization and the making of postcolonial Africa. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/education

After the turn of the twentieth century, schools played a pivotal role in the construction of French West Africa. But as this dynamic, deeply researched study reveals, the expanding school system also became the site of escalating conflicts. As French authorities worked to develop truncated schools for colonial "subjects," many African students and young elites framed educational projects of their own. Weaving together a complex narrative and rich variety of voices, Harry Gamble explores the high stakes of colonial education. With the disruptions of World War II, contests soon took on new configurations. Seeking to forestall postwar challenges to colonial rule, French authorities showed a new willingness to envision broad reforms, in education as in other areas. Exploiting the new context of the Fourth Republic and the extension of citizenship, African politicians demanded an end to separate and inferior schools.  Harry Gamble's book Contesting French West Africa: Battles Over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950 (U Nebraska Press, 2017) critically examines the move toward educational integration that took shape during the immediate postwar period. Growing linkages to the metropolitan school system ultimately had powerful impacts on the course of decolonization and the making of postcolonial Africa. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/french-studies

Dahlia El Zein talks about how colonial peoples travelled through the French Empire, interacting and changing their world. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today's guest episode is by Dahlia El Zein. Dahlia is a PhD Candidate in History at the University of Pennsylvania focusing on race, migration, and empire between sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East in the 19th and 20th centuries. Dahlia is currently writing her dissertation on the cross-colonial relationships and racial constructions of Lebanese Shi'i […]

Summer 2008 sees former Royal Marine John Pierce lured from running convoys in Iraq to a lucrative contract in the steamy jungles of French West Africa. He soon discovers this new theatre is even more dangerous than the war zone he left behind. Corrupt officials, drug cartels, and competing military factions rub shoulder-to-shoulder in a melting pot of greed and intrigue ...And a sadistic foe lurks in the shadows.When old intelligence contacts take an interest, the situation gets complicated fast. Dark forces emerge and events spiral out of control. Pitched into a desperate race against time, can Pierce's makeshift team of soldiers and civilians fight fire with fire and outwit vicious enemies?One thing's for sure, Pierce won't leave anyone to the mercy of a brutal adversary he knows only too well – no matter what it takes.Former Royal Marine Jack Leavers has over thirty-years' experience working in the military, private security, corporate investigations, maritime counter-piracy and risk management. His career spans numerous deployments to conflict zones worldwide such as Northern Ireland, Bosnia, Iraq, Afghanistan, Africa, and the Somali-pirate-infested waters of the Indian Ocean. Jack's novels are inspired by some of the more enterprising projects that got the green light, and other audacious plans that didn't.Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/houseofmysteryradio. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Cadre Interviews Tommy Miles, a researcher on French West Africa, on the French system in West Africa, Neo-colonialism, war in Mali, "withdrawal", the implications of NATO and Russia, and more.

The main role of organized anti-slavery during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was to both legitimate and reinforce deeply rooted hierarchies which saw European states and their peoples position themselves at the moral and racial apex of ‘civilization'. Centuries of death and destruction associated with Transatlantic slavery firmly dispatched to the past, despite their continuing and catastrophic effects, thereby enabling Europeans to be reborn as abolitionists rather than enslavers. The foundational premise of organized anti-slavery – no one should be enslaved – would come to be primarily understood in terms of paternalistic ‘protection', with ‘civilized' Europeans justifying unprovoked wars of colonial conquest as ‘humanitarian' missions to prevent ‘savage' and ‘backward' peoples in other parts of the globe from enslaving each other. Appeals to moral and religious enlightenment (the ‘civilising mission') and altruistic sacrifice (the ‘white man's burden') proved to be hugely important. By treating their non-European subjects as ‘backward children', who were said to be unable to make decisions for themselves, Europeans were able to both justify and excuse any number of external actions and interventions. Tragically, these actions included countless examples of death, exploitation, extraction, violence and abuse, which exposed the fundamental hollowness of European pretentions towards moral superiority. Slavery would be banished symbolically via legal abolition while many of its defining features continued alongside everyday forms of violence and exploitation. In case after case, governments who congratulated themselves on abolishing slavery would continue to justify and defend numerous acts of violence and coercion directed against ‘inferiors' and ‘outsiders'. Readings The material presented here is primarily based upon the following paper: Joel Quirk, ‘Political Cultures', A Cultural History of Slavery and Human Trafficking in the Age of Global Conflict, Henrice Altink (ed.) (London: Bloomsbury, in press). Minor changes in language are possible prior to publication. Other useful reading materials include: Joel Quirk, Uncomfortable Silences: Anti-Slavery, Colonialism and Imperialism, Historians Against Slavery, 13 February, 2015. Joel Quirk, Reparations are too confronting: Let's talk about Modern Slavery instead, openDemocracy, 7 May 2015. Aimé Césaire, Discourse on Colonialism, (New York: Monthly Review Press 1972). Originally published in French in 1955. Binyavanga Wainaina, How to Write About Africa. Granta, 92. 2005. Teju Cole, The White-Savior Industrial Complex, The Atlantic, March 21, 2012. Toby Green, How the End of Atlantic Slavery paved a path to colonialism, Aeon, 30 March 2021. Emily Burrill, State of Marriage: Gender, Justice and Rights in Colonial Mali (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2015). Martin Klein, Slavery and Colonial Rule in French West Africa, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). Eric Allina, Slavery by Any Other Name: African Life under Company Rule in Colonial Mozambique (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012). Robert Burroughs, African Testimony in the Movement for Congo Reform : The Burden of Proof (Abington: Routledge, 2018). Alice Bellagamba, Sandra Greene, Martin Klein (eds.) African voices on slavery and the slave trade, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013). Resources Slave Voyages (essential starting point for the history of Transatlantic enslavement) UNESCO General History of Africa (free downloads, multiple languages). Basil Davidson, Africa Episode 5 The Bible & The Gun, and Episode 6 The Magnificent African Cake. Liberated Africans (database on enslaved Africans freed in the nineteenth century). Stanford, Africa South of the Sahara (online database of primary sources) Bouillagui: A Free Village (multimedia platform on slavery and abolition in Mali, in both French and English). Imperialism/Colonialism in Africa Resource Links. Africa is a country (essential starting point for African politics and history)   Questions for Discussion Colonialism was primarily driven by economic and political interests, yet was frequently justified and defended using appeals to a ‘higher purpose'. What does the close relationship between anti-slavery and European colonialism say about the politics and prospects of humanitarianism and altruism more broadly? What are the defining features of paternalism as both an ideology and practice? How do these defining features pave the way for systems of violence and coercion? What does the history of legal reforms targeting enslavement say about the limits and possibilities of legal solutions to complex problems? What should we make of the introduction of various laws which were designed to reconstitute and extend core features of enslavement after slavery had been legally abolished? How does the history of slavery and abolition in the late ninetieth and early twentieth century influence how we think about slave resistance, both individual and collective? Where and how do models of hierarchy and ‘supremacy' which were dominant during the age of high imperialism continue to have effects upon politics and society today?

In this month's Resonance 104.4fm show, made available a day early for our Patreon subscribers, Juliet talks to Dr Samba Gadjigo, author of a biography on the subject and co-director of the feature-length documentary Sembène! (2015), about the life and work of Senegalese writer and filmmaker Ousmane Sembène (1923-2007). They talk about the place of Senegal within the French empire, Sembène's upbringing in French West Africa and his political and literary awakening in post-war Marseille, his film training in the USSR and cinematic work in post-independence Senegal, his relationship with President (and poet/cultural theorist) Léopold S. Senghor, and his place within Senegalese, African and global cinema. A full list of references is available for our Patreon subscribers - please visit https://www.patreon.com/suite212 to sign up.

It’s not just a term for real estate, but it’s also the title of our chapel sermon from Rev. Randy Adams. Rev. Adams and his wife served as pastor of a home missions church before being appointed to Togo and Benin in 1995; they opened the Bible school in Togo in 1997,  were appointed UPCI Area Coordinator of French West Africa in 2002 and proved instrumental in the opening of several countries in West Africa. They also led the church in Togo and Benin to become nationalized in 2012. They were appointed as Area Coordinator for all West Africa in 2012; and were appointed by the UPCI general board as Regional Director for Africa in 2015. Truly, his ministry is one of being on location. His sermon today is full of nuggets he has found from being on location in service to the Kingdom and it would not surprise anyone if this sermon resonated with your life and ministry. Because what is service to the Kingdom outside of location? Growing where God has placed you, digging deeper into His word, and searching a greater understanding of Scriptural truths.

Overview: Today we’re going to talk about Orange - The 2nd largest telco in Africa, we’ll discuss its French founding, global expansion, success in Africa, non-telco businesses & end with our views on its future outlook. This episode was recorded on Nov 1, 2020. Companies discussed: Orange S.A. (France Telecom), Orange Africa, Airtel Africa, Bharti Airtel Group, Celtel, Zain, MTN, Reliance Jio, Safaricom, Sonatel, Orascom, Mobinil, Ivoiris & Meditel Business concepts discussed: Telco developing markets growth strategy, mobile money, telco M&A strategy & developing markets growth strategy. Conversation highlights: (01:22) - Why we’re talking about Orange and why it’s important to African tech (05:19) - History of Orange Group and France Telecom (10:22) - History of Orange Africa (17:56) - Europe's historical influence in Africa tech (vs Indian and Chinese influence today) (29:10) - Orange Africa’s non-telco businesses (primarily Orange Money) (41:58) - Orange Africa today and growth opportunities (47:18) - Orange expanding to South Africa and Nigeria? (53:55) - Bankole’s thoughts and overall outlook (1:01:27) - Olumide’s thoughts and overall outlook (1:05:59) - Recommendations, small wins and open questions Olumide’s recommendations, small wins & open questions: Recommendation: Millionaires unveiled podcast Small win: Standing during all meetings experiment (going well so far) Other content: “Cell C is not an MVNO” article Open question: What other non-telco businesses should Orange consider? Bankole’s recommendations, small wins & open questions: Recommendation: Hey Email Small win: Spent the weekend visiting White Salmon, Washington Other content: Minitel, the open network before the Internet - The Atlantic Other content: Signal v Noise - Blog by the founders of Basecamp Open question: What other companies that are dominant in North Africa or French West Africa should more people be aware of? We’d love to hear from you. If you have feedback, topics you’d like to hear, or just want to say hello, please email info@afrobility.com Join our insider mailing list where we get feedback on new episodes & find all episodes at Afrobility.com

How does Europe go from controlling only ten percent of the African continent in 1870 to controlling ninety percent by 1914? It's a long story, so let's break it down with some history in French West Africa, the industrial revolution, quinine medicine, a tyrannical Belgian king, and a meeting of White aristocrats in Berlin in 1884...

Kate Keller, Professor of history and chair of the history department at Gustavus, on becoming a historian, her research and book on French officials' surveillance of “colonial suspects” in interwar French West Africa and how she came to that topic, her current book project on one of the suspects, and the case for studying history. Click here for a transcript.

Show Notes This week, we recap, review, and provide analysis of Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam (機動戦士Ζガンダム) episode 37 - "The Day of Dakar" (ダカールの日), discuss our first impressions, and provide commentary and research on the city of Dakar, Senegal, and broadcast signal intrusion. - Relevant Wikipedia articles for background on Dakar, Cap Vert, and French West Africa. Senegal and the French conquest of Senegal, the Emirate of Trarza, and Waalo. Louis Faidherbe, gum arabic, the Mali Federation, and the French Community (yes, there's a lot of background!).- Article about Dakar's role in the French Empire as early as 1848:Bruce Vandervort, Senegal in 1848, Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions. Compiled by James Chastain of Ohio University. Available at https://www.ohio.edu/chastain/rz/senegal.htm- An exceedingly detailed investigation of the history of the acacia gum trade:van Dalen, Dorrit. “Gum Arabic. The Golden Tears of the Acacia Tree.” Leiden UP (2019).- Article regarding Faidherbe's time as governor:Barrows, Leland C. “Faidherbe and Senegal: A Critical Discussion.” African Studies Review, vol. 19, no. 1, 1976, pp. 95–117. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/523854. Accessed 19 Mar. 2020. - News clip from 2018 regarding a dispute over a statue of Faidherbe in Saint-Louis. - A brief overview of the history of Dakar city:Caelen Anacker, Dakar, Senegal (1857- ). For blackpast.org (June 10, 2010). Retrieved from https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/dakar-senegal-1857/- Article on the segregated urban planning of Dakar:Nelson, David. “Defining the Urban: The Construction of French-Dominated Colonial Dakar, 1857-1940.” Historical Reflections / Réflexions Historiques, vol. 33, no. 2, 2007, pp. 225–255. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41299411. Accessed 19 Mar. 2020. - Article about the racial politics of French West Africa and the treatment of originaires:Jones, Hilary. “Rethinking Politics in the Colony: the Métis of Senegal and Urban Politics in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century." The Journal of African History, vol. 53, no. 3, 2012, pp. 325–344., www.jstor.org/stable/23353679. Accessed 19 Mar. 2020. - Contemporary report regarding the Mali Federation's appeal for independence and formation, drafted in the brief period before it disintegrated:U.S. Bureau of Foreign Commerce, basic data on the economy of the West African States of the French Community, from World Trade Information Service, Part 1. U.S. Dept. of Commerce (1960). - Wikipedia pages for broadcast signal intrusion generally, as well as specific pages for the Southern Television broadcast interruption, the Captain Midnight broadcast signal intrusion, and the Max Headroom signal hijacking.- Dictionary page for the Japanese term for broadcast signal intrusion (電波ジャック).- About the Max Headroom character.- Thirty years later - articles revisiting the Max Headroom incident for the 30-year anniversary, from Ars Technica and Vice.- In depth article about the investigation into the Max Headroom incident and the efforts to find the hackers responsible.- Japanese Wikipedia page for broadcast signal intrusion (lists famous instances in Japan, which are not listed in the English-language page).- Wikipedia pages for the Japan Revolutionary Community League National Committee (Middle Core Faction) and the Japan Revolutionary Community League National Committee (Revolutionary Marxist Faction).- Japanese Wikipedia pages for Hasegawa Hidenori (長谷川英憲) and the Suginami Disaster Warning System Broadcast Signal Intrusion Incident (杉並区防災無線電波ジャック事件). And a weblio page about the same incident.- Japanese page covering many famous broadcast signal intrusion incidents in history, and a weblio page that does the same.- Japanese Wikipedia page for the Mizumoto Incident.- The music used in the TNN was Prayers, by Admiral Bob used under a CC BY license. You can subscribe to the Mobile Suit Breakdown for free! on fine Podcast services everywhere and on YouTube, follow us on twitter @gundampodcast, check us out at gundampodcast.com, email your questions, comments, and complaints to gundampodcast@gmail.com.Mobile Suit Breakdown wouldn't exist without the support of our fans and Patrons! You can join our Patreon to support the podcast and enjoy bonus episodes, extra out-takes, behind-the-scenes photo and video, MSB gear, and much more!The intro music is WASP by Misha Dioxin, and the outro is Long Way Home by Spinning Ratio, both licensed under Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license. Both have been edited for length. Mobile Suit Breakdown provides critical commentary and is protected by the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright law. Gundam content is copyright and/or trademark of Sunrise Inc., Bandai, Sotsu Agency, or its original creator. Mobile Suit Breakdown is in no way affiliated with or endorsed by Sunrise, Bandai, Sotsu, or any of their subsidiaries, employees, or associates and makes no claim to own Gundam or any of the copyrights or trademarks related to it. Copyrighted content used in Mobile Suit Breakdown is used in accordance with the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright law. Any queries should be directed to gundampodcast@gmail.comFind out more at http://gundampodcast.com

Hey all. This is Ian. For Black History Month, Austin and I are talking about the African-American Experience in the American Civil War and the First World War. This includes the Senegalese Tiralleurs of French West Africa on the Western Front. Note: We will talk about sensitive topics such as race and slavery for historical purposes. Also contains explicit language. Viewer Discretion will be advised.

Thank you for Listening Please Share ​Thomas Sankara was born on December 21, 1949 in Yako, French Upper Volta, French West Africa, which is modern day Burkina Faso. Sankara attended high-school in a city named Bobo-Dioulasso; after he graduated his parents wanted him to become a Roman Catholic Priest. Sankara entered the military in 1966 at the age of 19, at the age of twenty he was shipped to Madagascar for officer training. While in training he witnessed several uprisings agai [...]

Kathleen Keller’s new book, Colonial Suspects: Suspicion, Imperial Rule, and Colonial Society in Interwar French West Africa (University of Nebraska Press, 2018) is teeming with mysterious persons, foreigners, misfits, and the surveillance of numerous figures who appeared to threaten the stability of empire. In this detailed and compelling study of what the author has termed the “culture of suspicion” of the years between the world wars, readers are exposed to a range of colonial personalities, practices, and anxieties. Another great title in the University of Nebraska Press’s series, "France Overseas: Studies in Empire and Decolonization," the book is a history of intrigue in a distinct region of the French empire that was connected to a more global circulation of bodies and ideas in this period. Focused on suspects and surveillance in the port city of Dakar in Senegal, the book traces a variety of ways in which colonial authorities sought to suppress forms of political activity including communism, pan-Africanism, anticolonialism, black radicalism, and pan-Islamism. Reading carefully a set of sources generated by imperial administrators fearful of a rising resistance to French rule from different quarters, the book explores the attitudes and representations of authorities while pursuing the life stories and experiences of the suspects themselves. Offering readers a fascinating new account of a pivotal period in the history of French empire, Colonial Suspects makes exciting contributions to the historiographies of French West Africa, the interwar years, the movement of people and politics, as well as the study of imperial authority and the colonial imagination more broadly. Roxanne Panchasi is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at Simon Fraser University. Her current research focuses on the representation of nuclear weapons and testing in France and its empire since 1945. She lives and reads in Vancouver, Canada. If you have a recent title to suggest for the podcast, please send an email to: panchasi@sfu.ca. *The music that opens and closes the podcast is an instrumental version of Creatures, a song written by Vancouver artist/musician Casey Wei (performing as hazy). To hear more, please visit https://agonyklub.com/. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Kathleen Keller’s new book, Colonial Suspects: Suspicion, Imperial Rule, and Colonial Society in Interwar French West Africa (University of Nebraska Press, 2018) is teeming with mysterious persons, foreigners, misfits, and the surveillance of numerous figures who appeared to threaten the stability of empire. In this detailed and compelling study of what the author has termed the “culture of suspicion” of the years between the world wars, readers are exposed to a range of colonial personalities, practices, and anxieties. Another great title in the University of Nebraska Press’s series, "France Overseas: Studies in Empire and Decolonization," the book is a history of intrigue in a distinct region of the French empire that was connected to a more global circulation of bodies and ideas in this period. Focused on suspects and surveillance in the port city of Dakar in Senegal, the book traces a variety of ways in which colonial authorities sought to suppress forms of political activity including communism, pan-Africanism, anticolonialism, black radicalism, and pan-Islamism. Reading carefully a set of sources generated by imperial administrators fearful of a rising resistance to French rule from different quarters, the book explores the attitudes and representations of authorities while pursuing the life stories and experiences of the suspects themselves. Offering readers a fascinating new account of a pivotal period in the history of French empire, Colonial Suspects makes exciting contributions to the historiographies of French West Africa, the interwar years, the movement of people and politics, as well as the study of imperial authority and the colonial imagination more broadly. Roxanne Panchasi is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at Simon Fraser University. Her current research focuses on the representation of nuclear weapons and testing in France and its empire since 1945. She lives and reads in Vancouver, Canada. If you have a recent title to suggest for the podcast, please send an email to: panchasi@sfu.ca. *The music that opens and closes the podcast is an instrumental version of Creatures, a song written by Vancouver artist/musician Casey Wei (performing as hazy). To hear more, please visit https://agonyklub.com/. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Kathleen Keller’s new book, Colonial Suspects: Suspicion, Imperial Rule, and Colonial Society in Interwar French West Africa (University of Nebraska Press, 2018) is teeming with mysterious persons, foreigners, misfits, and the surveillance of numerous figures who appeared to threaten the stability of empire. In this detailed and compelling study of what the author has termed the “culture of suspicion” of the years between the world wars, readers are exposed to a range of colonial personalities, practices, and anxieties. Another great title in the University of Nebraska Press’s series, "France Overseas: Studies in Empire and Decolonization," the book is a history of intrigue in a distinct region of the French empire that was connected to a more global circulation of bodies and ideas in this period. Focused on suspects and surveillance in the port city of Dakar in Senegal, the book traces a variety of ways in which colonial authorities sought to suppress forms of political activity including communism, pan-Africanism, anticolonialism, black radicalism, and pan-Islamism. Reading carefully a set of sources generated by imperial administrators fearful of a rising resistance to French rule from different quarters, the book explores the attitudes and representations of authorities while pursuing the life stories and experiences of the suspects themselves. Offering readers a fascinating new account of a pivotal period in the history of French empire, Colonial Suspects makes exciting contributions to the historiographies of French West Africa, the interwar years, the movement of people and politics, as well as the study of imperial authority and the colonial imagination more broadly. Roxanne Panchasi is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at Simon Fraser University. Her current research focuses on the representation of nuclear weapons and testing in France and its empire since 1945. She lives and reads in Vancouver, Canada. If you have a recent title to suggest for the podcast, please send an email to: panchasi@sfu.ca. *The music that opens and closes the podcast is an instrumental version of Creatures, a song written by Vancouver artist/musician Casey Wei (performing as hazy). To hear more, please visit https://agonyklub.com/. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Kathleen Keller’s new book, Colonial Suspects: Suspicion, Imperial Rule, and Colonial Society in Interwar French West Africa (University of Nebraska Press, 2018) is teeming with mysterious persons, foreigners, misfits, and the surveillance of numerous figures who appeared to threaten the stability of empire. In this detailed and compelling study of what the author has termed the “culture of suspicion” of the years between the world wars, readers are exposed to a range of colonial personalities, practices, and anxieties. Another great title in the University of Nebraska Press’s series, "France Overseas: Studies in Empire and Decolonization," the book is a history of intrigue in a distinct region of the French empire that was connected to a more global circulation of bodies and ideas in this period. Focused on suspects and surveillance in the port city of Dakar in Senegal, the book traces a variety of ways in which colonial authorities sought to suppress forms of political activity including communism, pan-Africanism, anticolonialism, black radicalism, and pan-Islamism. Reading carefully a set of sources generated by imperial administrators fearful of a rising resistance to French rule from different quarters, the book explores the attitudes and representations of authorities while pursuing the life stories and experiences of the suspects themselves. Offering readers a fascinating new account of a pivotal period in the history of French empire, Colonial Suspects makes exciting contributions to the historiographies of French West Africa, the interwar years, the movement of people and politics, as well as the study of imperial authority and the colonial imagination more broadly. Roxanne Panchasi is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at Simon Fraser University. Her current research focuses on the representation of nuclear weapons and testing in France and its empire since 1945. She lives and reads in Vancouver, Canada. If you have a recent title to suggest for the podcast, please send an email to: panchasi@sfu.ca. *The music that opens and closes the podcast is an instrumental version of Creatures, a song written by Vancouver artist/musician Casey Wei (performing as hazy). To hear more, please visit https://agonyklub.com/. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today we spoke to Gregory Mann about his book From Empires to NGOs in the West African Sahel: The Road to Non-Governmentality (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Gregory Mann investigates how the effectiveness of government institutions declined in the years following the independence of nation-states of the West African Sahel and gave way to a state of non-governmentality. Rather than presenting a linear explanation of this decline, Mann describes instances in which one can see its multiple roots and intricate evolution. These stories describe the activities of anticolonial leaders and intellectuals during the waning years of the colonial empire and its immediate aftermath, debates over the status of migrants and immigration within the Sahel and to France, the arrival of NGOs in light of governments inability to address the drought and famine that afflicted the Sahel between 1973 and 1974 and, finally, the role human rights organizations in the handling of Saharan prisons. By telling these stories Mann illustrates how current understandings of government decline as the result of either neocolonial or neoliberal interventions are both misguided and insufficient and sets the stage for a more nuanced debate about the role of the state in Africa that goes beyond its brief post-colonial past. Gregory Mann is Professor of History at Columbia University. He specializes on the history of French West Africa. Esperanza Brizuela-Garcia is Associate Professor in History at Montclair State University. She specializes in modern intellectual history of Africa, historiography, World history and Philosophy of History. She is the co-author of African Histories: New Sources and New Techniques for Studying African Pasts (Pearson, 2011).

Today we spoke to Gregory Mann about his book From Empires to NGOs in the West African Sahel: The Road to Non-Governmentality (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Gregory Mann investigates how the effectiveness of government institutions declined in the years following the independence of nation-states of the West African Sahel and gave way to a state of non-governmentality. Rather than presenting a linear explanation of this decline, Mann describes instances in which one can see its multiple roots and intricate evolution. These stories describe the activities of anticolonial leaders and intellectuals during the waning years of the colonial empire and its immediate aftermath, debates over the status of migrants and immigration within the Sahel and to France, the arrival of NGOs in light of governments inability to address the drought and famine that afflicted the Sahel between 1973 and 1974 and, finally, the role human rights organizations in the handling of Saharan prisons. By telling these stories Mann illustrates how current understandings of government decline as the result of either neocolonial or neoliberal interventions are both misguided and insufficient and sets the stage for a more nuanced debate about the role of the state in Africa that goes beyond its brief post-colonial past. Gregory Mann is Professor of History at Columbia University. He specializes on the history of French West Africa. Esperanza Brizuela-Garcia is Associate Professor in History at Montclair State University. She specializes in modern intellectual history of Africa, historiography, World history and Philosophy of History. She is the co-author of African Histories: New Sources and New Techniques for Studying African Pasts (Pearson, 2011). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today we spoke to Gregory Mann about his book From Empires to NGOs in the West African Sahel: The Road to Non-Governmentality (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Gregory Mann investigates how the effectiveness of government institutions declined in the years following the independence of nation-states of the West African Sahel and gave way to a state of non-governmentality. Rather than presenting a linear explanation of this decline, Mann describes instances in which one can see its multiple roots and intricate evolution. These stories describe the activities of anticolonial leaders and intellectuals during the waning years of the colonial empire and its immediate aftermath, debates over the status of migrants and immigration within the Sahel and to France, the arrival of NGOs in light of governments inability to address the drought and famine that afflicted the Sahel between 1973 and 1974 and, finally, the role human rights organizations in the handling of Saharan prisons. By telling these stories Mann illustrates how current understandings of government decline as the result of either neocolonial or neoliberal interventions are both misguided and insufficient and sets the stage for a more nuanced debate about the role of the state in Africa that goes beyond its brief post-colonial past. Gregory Mann is Professor of History at Columbia University. He specializes on the history of French West Africa. Esperanza Brizuela-Garcia is Associate Professor in History at Montclair State University. She specializes in modern intellectual history of Africa, historiography, World history and Philosophy of History. She is the co-author of African Histories: New Sources and New Techniques for Studying African Pasts (Pearson, 2011). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today we spoke to Gregory Mann about his book From Empires to NGOs in the West African Sahel: The Road to Non-Governmentality (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Gregory Mann investigates how the effectiveness of government institutions declined in the years following the independence of nation-states of the West African Sahel and gave way to a state of non-governmentality. Rather than presenting a linear explanation of this decline, Mann describes instances in which one can see its multiple roots and intricate evolution. These stories describe the activities of anticolonial leaders and intellectuals during the waning years of the colonial empire and its immediate aftermath, debates over the status of migrants and immigration within the Sahel and to France, the arrival of NGOs in light of governments inability to address the drought and famine that afflicted the Sahel between 1973 and 1974 and, finally, the role human rights organizations in the handling of Saharan prisons. By telling these stories Mann illustrates how current understandings of government decline as the result of either neocolonial or neoliberal interventions are both misguided and insufficient and sets the stage for a more nuanced debate about the role of the state in Africa that goes beyond its brief post-colonial past. Gregory Mann is Professor of History at Columbia University. He specializes on the history of French West Africa. Esperanza Brizuela-Garcia is Associate Professor in History at Montclair State University. She specializes in modern intellectual history of Africa, historiography, World history and Philosophy of History. She is the co-author of African Histories: New Sources and New Techniques for Studying African Pasts (Pearson, 2011). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today we spoke to Gregory Mann about his book From Empires to NGOs in the West African Sahel: The Road to Non-Governmentality (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Gregory Mann investigates how the effectiveness of government institutions declined in the years following the independence of nation-states of the West African Sahel and gave way to a state of non-governmentality. Rather than presenting a linear explanation of this decline, Mann describes instances in which one can see its multiple roots and intricate evolution. These stories describe the activities of anticolonial leaders and intellectuals during the waning years of the colonial empire and its immediate aftermath, debates over the status of migrants and immigration within the Sahel and to France, the arrival of NGOs in light of governments inability to address the drought and famine that afflicted the Sahel between 1973 and 1974 and, finally, the role human rights organizations in the handling of Saharan prisons. By telling these stories Mann illustrates how current understandings of government decline as the result of either neocolonial or neoliberal interventions are both misguided and insufficient and sets the stage for a more nuanced debate about the role of the state in Africa that goes beyond its brief post-colonial past. Gregory Mann is Professor of History at Columbia University. He specializes on the history of French West Africa. Esperanza Brizuela-Garcia is Associate Professor in History at Montclair State University. She specializes in modern intellectual history of Africa, historiography, World history and Philosophy of History. She is the co-author of African Histories: New Sources and New Techniques for Studying African Pasts (Pearson, 2011). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Cornelius Christian is an Assistant Professor of Economics at St. Francis Xavier University. His research concerns development economics, economic history, and the economics of conflict and violence, which is the topic of this episode of Economics Detective Radio. Cornelius' paper "Lynchings, Labour, and Cotton in the US South" deals with violence against black people in the post-reconstruction South. Historians have hypothesized that there was an economic motive to lynchings, noting that more of them occurred when cotton prices were low. Black and white workers competed with one another in the agricultural labour market. Cornelius' findings indicate that lynchings were used by white labourers to scare black workers out of the labour market, thus raising their own wages. He finds that lynchings happen in the wake of economic shocks when agricultural wages are low. He also finds that, when lynchings occur in a given area, black people tend to migrate out of the area and agricultural wages rise for the remaining white workers. In "Economic shocks and unrest in French West Africa," Cornelius and his coauthor James Fenske show that, while economic shocks matter as a cause of civil unrest, the institutional context matters. During French West Africa's colonial era, there were oppressive poll taxes that had to be paid regardless of crop yields. When negative economic shocks occurred, either because of low world prices for agricultural goods or poor rainfall, farmers were not able to pay these taxes and engaged in riots and political violence. In the post-colonial era, the poll taxes no longer exist and political violence no longer follows negative economic shocks. Cornelius references recent research linking droughts during the Mexican Revolution to insurgency in particular areas. Areas that had particularly bad droughts during the Mexican Revolution produced larger uprisings, and that in turn affected the political and economic fates of these areas up to the present day. He also references

Transporting a novel from racist Texas to racist French West Africa really works out for Coup de Torchon.

Mali appears to be engaged in a risky diplomatic face-off with China over a proposed $11 billion rail project. While Chinese officials have refused to publicly commit to the project, Malian leaders say the two mine-to-coast rail contracts have actually been finalized. Other African countries have largely been unsuccessful in the past trying to pressure the Chinese through the media. Nonetheless, Mali’s vast reserves of iron ore, bauxite and, most significantly, gold, must be very tempting to China as it makes inroads in French West Africa. Our guest this week, Nuša Tukić from the Stellenbosch University Centre for Chinese Studies, closely follows Sino-Malian and shares her views on the whether Bamako’s strategy will ultimately pay off.

July 22, 2014. Elizabeth Schmidt discussed why the people of Guinea voted "no" in a referendum on a new French constitution in 1958. Speaker Biography: Elizabeth Schmidt is professor of history at Loyola University, Maryland. For transcript, captions, and more information, visit http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=6528