Podcasts about Nanophotonics

Welcome back to the Plant Based News Podcast! Our guest today is Anjali Harikumar, widely known as Be Extra Vegant. Anjali is a self-taught vegan Indian chef and content creator. She's not only a passionate advocate for veganism but also a PhD candidate working on cutting-edge nanophotonics research in Grenoble, France. Anjali shares her love for veganized Indian recipes through her social media platforms, including Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. Follow Anjali here - https://www.instagram.com/beextravegant/?hl=en Host: Robbie Lockie Editor: Polly Foreman Audio Editor: Phil Marriott Social Media: Darrell Sawczuk Producer: Xisca Taylor 00:00:00 An introduction to Anjali Harikumar 00:03:42 Discovering the vegan & plant-based lifestyle 00:08:07 Okjar 00:10:13 Spiritualism: challenging the idea of including animals within compassion 00:17:51 The Land Of Ahimsa: Dolly Vyas-Ahuja's documentary 00:21:58 Veganizing Indian recipes 00:27:06 Beextravegant: Anjali's content on social media 00:33:12 How to be relatable and original on social media 00:37:40 Nanophotonics: the study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, and of the interaction of nanometer-scale objects with light. 00:40:20 Fighting misinformation and disinformation 00:43:00 What Happens When: A Plant Based News web series that debunks some of the common myths 00:46:00 Avoiding the feeling of being overwhelmed by the pressures of being a vegan content creator 00:59:38 Hosting a dream vegan dinner party 01:02:06 Stranded on a desert island

⭐ My guest today is Trevor Best, Cofounder and CEO of Syzygy Plasmonics. He's also a member of our Climate CEO Mastermind peer group community at Entrepreneurs for Impact! Syzygy is commercializing a deep-decarbonization platform dedicated to cleaning up the emissions-heavy chemical industry. They use breakthrough technology pioneered in the Laboratory for Nanophotonics at Rice University to harness energy from LED light to power chemical reactions. This new technology has the potential to partially or fully electrify the chemical industry, shifting it to renewable electricity, and cost-effectively reducing its carbon footprint.

Dr Idris Ajia is a postdoctoral research fellow in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Southampton. He works on nanophotonics and metamaterials or, in my words, laser beams and new materials that can do cool things in response to the laser's light. Idris is also from Nigeria, and so is one of a regrettably small number of black scientists in academia. We talk about his experience as a minority and the issues of diversity and representation in academia.For more information about Nice to Know, follow me on Twitter @RobynSciences or email me at nicetoknowthepodcast@gmail.com. New episodes will be released every second Tuesday!For more information on Idris' research, check him out here: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Idris_Ajia This series was made with the support of the Marie Curie Alumni Association.

Computers and smartphones are about to get a lot faster. If Roger Tipton succeeds with his invention, light will replace copper wires as connectors of computer components. This will be like using fiberoptic cable to access the web instead of a dial-up modem. A recent arrival to the University of South Florida, Roger was inspired to invent during high school shop class in Cleveland. TRANSCRIPT: Intro: 0:01 Inventors and their inventions. Welcome to Radio Cade a podcast from the Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention in Gainesville, Florida, the museum is named after James Robert Cade, who invented Gatorade in 1965. My name is Richard Miles. We’ll introduce you to inventors and the things that motivate them, we’ll learn about their personal stories, how their inventions work, and how their ideas get from the laboratory to the marketplace. Richard Miles: 0:39 Traveling at the speed of light, right from the comfort of your own keyboard. Is that the future of computing? I’m your host Richard Miles. My guest today is Roger Tipton, CEO of Path Optical Systems, which has developed optical interconnects to replace copper wires on computer chips. Welcome to Radio Cade, Roger. Roger Tipton: 0:56 Hi, how are you? Richard Miles: 0:57 Uh , so I’m going to start with a really basic question. What on earth is an optical interconnect? What does it do? Roger Tipton: 1:02 What it does is it connects different components on a PCB board. So if you’ve got to get information from the processor to the hard drive or from memory or wherever that information has to travel, that’s an interconnect and most of them are copper interconnects at this point. Richard Miles: 1:18 Okay. So if I could actually look at the chips, if I had the ability to do that, all those connections are being made by essentially tiny copper wires right now. Roger Tipton: 1:24 Yeah. Yeah. And you can actually see it on the green PCB board. That’s inside the little copper traces running everywhere. Richard Miles: 1:30 So your technology in place of those copper wires, it’s actually flashes of light? Roger Tipton: 1:35 Yeah. That is actually how it works. And I think a good analogy of this is if you remember dial up internet that was on copper wires from your phone line, and they replaced that with fiber optic cables. And that is the exact same technology and some similar materials. And that just sped everything up that allowed Netflix and YouTube and videos and downloading and all the amazing things we have. And we’re bringing that same exact technology to your phone or your server or your laptop. And those are the kinds of speed increases that we will see on those devices with these new interconnects. Richard Miles: 2:12 Roger tell me, is their a reason it hasn’t been done already? What was holding that back? Was there a technical or physical reason why? Because fiber optics has been around a while, right? Roger Tipton: 2:21 Yeah. 30, 40 years. And really it’s 3D printing has allowed this new technology, 3D printing is opening up all kinds of opportunities and all kinds of new things. And I think we were the first to apply 3D printing to this challenge. And so I think that’s why we’re first. Richard Miles: 2:37 So this will make computing faster, but by how much faster? And then is it a degree of magnitude that your average user is going to notice right away? Or is this just something that tech nerds are going to get excited about? But your average consumer is not going to really know? Roger Tipton: 2:50 It is actually going to be a huge difference. We’re looking at like seven times faster. You can just get so much more information through these. And as we think of big data now, and we have smart cars. So if you can get data transferred faster from the sensor on your smart card and your Tesla to the computer, it can process that information faster and mean it’s safer and they take less power is another thing that is going to be a huge difference. They put server farms in the Arctic and underwater and things like that to keep them cool. And that’s because you have all this electrons moving on copper wires and generating heat. Well, that all goes away. So it’s not just going to be faster computers is going to be less power required, computers and less heat generated computers. There’s kind of a knock on of all different kinds of cool things. Richard Miles: 3:39 I thought, I understood this but now I’m getting really excited about it. I mean, this sounds like one of those enabling technologies, right? S ort o f like the internal combustion engine a nd that it enabled all sorts of different sectors to do different things or better things or, o r faster things, b ecause this is coming along at the same time. And tell me, this is contingent upon something like a 5G network or the speed at which 5G gets introduced, doesn’t really a ffect this development or are they both related? How d oes that work? Roger Tipton: 4:04 I think they’re complimentary. You have 5g. This is wireless between devices that are not connected. And then once it gets inside the device, we’re talking about the speed inside the device at it. So it just going to make things faster. Richard Miles: 4:16 So our devices are faster and they use less power. Have you done any mind experiments in terms of the types of applications , what will people start doing with faster devices that don’t need as much battery power? Roger Tipton: 4:28 This is, we look at your watch is a wearable device. And we look at all these healthcare applications where it’s about battery life. And if you have pacemakers inside your heart and you have to go in and change things, or you can maybe detach wearables from battery life issues, that’s a pretty awesome application. Richard Miles: 4:46 Pretty exciting. So information technology is one of those industries t hat is pretty competitive. And usually when you have this breakthrough, like you described 3D printing, making all these things available, usually there’s some other person out there that has thought of something very similar. Tell me what the competitive landscape looks like, are there other people now starting to do this as well? And if so, what sort of advantage o f lead do you have over those o ther people. Roger Tipton: 5:11 MIT and IBM actually built the world’s first, fully optical computer a few years ago and they didn’t have this 3D printing technology. And so they built this incredibly fast computer. I mean, it is just mind bogglingly fast, except it’s as big as a house. And it’s kind of that same computers in the fifties and sixties used to be huge and Richard Miles: 5:32 So very capable, but not practical for a normal consumer or even a normal business. Roger Tipton: 5:36 Right, right. Right. And they came back and said, okay, when the next bit of technology comes along, we’ll come back. And how do we shrink this and shrink this and shrink this. Uh , as far as I know, we are the first to do this and it’s kind of exciting and scary. And now that we’ve got our patent filed and we’ve built a functioning working prototype, we’re kind of coming to the market in the world. And that’s kind of exciting, about like the Cade Prize and things like that. We’re kind of publicizing all of a sudden what’s happening. We’re going to find out. Richard Miles: 6:01 Good point and I neglected to congratulate you and your team for making it to the finals of the 2019 Cade Prize. So congratulations. Roger Tipton: 6:08 Thank you, thank you. Richard Miles: 6:10 We had a lot of very good entries this year and you’re sort of clearly one of the very best. Tell me about the company at this point. Who’s a member of it. What are your next steps? Are you, are you looking to stay the CEO? Were you looking for outside management? And then where are you in terms of investment? Roger Tipton: 6:25 We formed a company last year, we fought our patent this year two co-founders at, at this point , uh, myself and Venkat Bhethanabotla. He is a professor at the University of South Florida. We’re at the functional prototype stage. And we’re actually looking at the end of the year to have prototype boards that are completely optical and ready to go to market and for testing and evaluation. So we’re kind of very early NASA has given us a little bit of money. We’ve generated some interest from , uh , Harris on a proposal. And Cisco Systems is kind of involved, other customer research lab is kind of involved with us and we made our first VC . We asked for no money. We just kind of pitched and said, okay, this is kind of what the technology looks like. And immediately the phone started ringing and the emails, and it’s been a bit crazy. It’s it’s early days. We think we’re six months away from actually going out and taking that next step. But it’s kind of awesome. Richard Miles: 7:24 Tell me a little bit about your experience at firstference for the venture capitals. And the reason I ask is , uh, when we, when we started the Cade Prize few years ago, or actually 10 years ago now, and we started recruiting VCs as some of our judges, and we were always really surprised. We would read the application go, this is just wonderful. What a great technology, this is going to change the world. And this steely-eyed cold-hearted VCs would look at it and go, eh , and they tell you five problems with it and why it wasn’t really that big a deal. And how was it going to change the world? And I just remember thinking, like I would be crushed if I were the inventor and I had this guy telling me, you know, a woman telling me like, eh, it’s not that big a deal. And other people doing the same thing. What was that like? Was that terrifying? Was it inspirational? Roger Tipton: 8:10 Yeah, it was at the early stage Florida ventures forum in Orlando just two weeks ago, I think now. And we had judges and I was up on stage and we made our pitch and the j udge was like, yeah. Okay. Or whatever. And then the moment I stepped off the stage, there was a VC standing there going, okay, we have to talk, we have to talk. Richard Miles: 8:30 Well that’s generally a good sign that the VC is pursuing you rather than the other way around. So you cleared your first hurdle. That’s good. Roger Tipton: 8:35 Yeah. Uh , I didn’t ask for any money. I think that kind of threw people off too . That kind of made me a bit of a challenge. I think that was kind of interesting for them that they asked me, well, how much money do you want? I said, well, nothing. We don’t need it yet. And they’re like, Oh wow, now. Richard Miles: 8:49 You described for me , the patent arrangements and the, your initial steps, is this something that you envision staying on a CEO? Because a lot of times the, the model is the original founder and venture. We’ll get it going. And then they’ll bring in other management and they keep doing other research or stay in technical capacity. Is that something you see yourself doing for the midterm or longterm ? Roger Tipton: 9:08 We’ve got an interesting product, an interesting bit of technology. And I think it’s going to take a lot of resources and a lot of talent, and I want to do what’s best for the technology to get it out there. And that’s probably bringing in a professional management team and money and the things to do it right. I’m excited, and I want to do my part, but we need the pro’s I think. Richard Miles: 9:28 Right. Well, you’re already ahead of a lot of inventors because we see a lot of types of vendors and the ones that generally have the most difficulty are the ones that they thought of this beautiful idea. And they are in love with their beautiful idea and they cannot let it go. Roger, tell me a little bit about your background. I know you live in Wesley Chapel now just North of Tampa, but are you from Florida? Where did you grow up? Where did you go to school? Roger Tipton: 9:50 I’m from Ohio and I started off in small town. Went to Ohio state, started working in Cleveland and just eventually the weather just took it out in and like a lot of people up north, Richard Miles: 10:03 It’s amazing how many people come to Florida for the weather. So, Roger Tipton: 10:06 Oh no , that’s fantastic. So , uh, I had relocated down here about four years ago. At the same time I came back and started working on my PhD at the University of South Florida. And that’s been the , the launch pad for this stuff we created in the lab there . Richard Miles: 10:19 Uh , Roger, what were you like as a kid? Were you a really good student in school, top of the class and science and math, or? Roger Tipton: 10:25 I was the kid that was out playing and sports an outside all day long. And I had a great professor in high school. It was CAD and shop class where we designed things and made them, Richard Miles: 10:35 And this is in high school? : 10:35 This is in high school and that’s kind of where it kicked off. I hate to say it’s that shop class guy that was making stuff. And that kind of was the Genesis of some of this engineering that I went on to become a material science and engineer at Ohio state, and then Honda and rubber made little Tikes professionally, and eventually ended up back in school, down here. And, Richard Miles: 10:56 Did you ever tell that teacher that they were sort of an inspiration? You know, this is , this is the one thing teachers would love to hear, right? Somebody comes back 20 years later and go it’s all because of you. Roger Tipton: 11:04 I need to do that. I absolutely need to do that. That is fantastic. I didn’t think of that until we just started talking about it here, but yeah . Richard Miles: 11:10 And what about the entrepreneurial side? I mean, were you the first kid on the block with lemonade stand or did you ever have any interest in business until the development of this ticket? Roger Tipton: 11:19 I’m actually a bit of a, an entrepreneur. I’ve had three companies before this. I kind of fell into being an entrepreneur. Um, company was closed and went to China and it was like, okay, I can do something on my own and not get laid off and fired because, Richard Miles: 11:33 This was an Ohio company? Roger Tipton: 11:35 Right, I’ve had three companies. Uh, I sold one down here to a local company, you know, I’ve had two fail. So that’s kind of gives me a good perspective on it’s okay to fail and try and learn and do better next time and that kind of stuff. Richard Miles: 11:51 Right. Does this run in the family, did either of your parents, were they either in the business world or in the, in the science world at all ? Or what did they do for living? Roger Tipton: 11:59 My mother is a bit of an inspiration. The fact that she went to nursing school in her forties, she went back and she wasn’t afraid to change and do something new and different. And I think part of my entrepreneur spirits from, you know, it’s never too late or too big of a challenge, you just go and try and it’s alright. Richard Miles: 12:18 Right . Interesting you say that, I’ve talked to number of entrepreneurs and often their parents were in the business world and sometimes one of the most inspirational examples, or certainly o nes t hat y ou remember n ow when their parents succeeded, but when their parents failed and how their parents dealt with that and came back from either business being shuttered or whatever. And that’s kind of like what you said this experience with failure is often much more formative and instructive than a success and going forward. Do you have other ideas that you can talk about on the horizon for other directions, other technologies that we need to get in on the ground floor? I guess you couldn’t tell me. Right? B ut b ecause we go off and patent them, right? Roger Tipton: 12:53 Well , there you go . Uh, but yeah, I don’t think this is the end. I think this is just another exciting chapter. Richard Miles: 12:59 Well, I already mentioned on another show recently that few days ago, one of our previous prize winners from 2013 coming in called Nanophotonics i s kind of three and a half million dollar investment from Samsung. So we’re hoping to see your company do well. And hopefully in less than seven years, i t took them a while, but they’re doing quite well. But that has often happened with the companies that we see take part in the Cade Prize a t that the quality of the idea is really good. It’s not immediately rewarded often, but after a few years they get some traction. Roger, again, congratulations on making the C ade Prize final four a nd wish you the best o f l uck. Roger Tipton: 13:31 It’s exciting. And thank you for the opportunity. I can’t wait to find out who the winner’s tonight. Richard Miles: 13:36 Great, I’m Richard Miles. Outro: 13:39 Radio Cade would like to thank the following people for their help and support Liz Gist of the Cade Museum for coordinating and vendor interviews . Bob McPeak of Heartwood Soundstage in downtown Gainesville, Florida for recording, editing and production of the podcasts and music theme, Tracy Collins for the composition and performance of the Radio Cade theme song, featuring violinist Jacob Lawson. And special thanks to the Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention located in Gainesville, Florida.

Josh Caldwell from Vanderbilt University, and formerly the United States Naval Research Laboratory, talks about his pioneering work in infrared polaritonics. Polaritons are quasiparticles that couple photons to the motion of electrons or atoms in a material, and allow you to squeeze and manipulate light in nanoscale volumes. In the infrared, this capability may one day allow, for example, the roof of your home to cool even when in direct sunlight. Josh and Mike get a little 'in the weeds,' but that's what podcasts are for! Be sure not to miss the great career advice Josh sprinkles in along the way.Show details: • Hosted by Michael Filler (@michaelfiller) • Edited by Andrew Cannon (@andrewhcannon) • Recorded on January 24, 2019• Show notes are available at http://www.fillerlab.com/nanovation/archive/48• Submit feedback at http://www.fillerlab.com/nanovation/feedback

Josh Caldwell from Vanderbilt University, and formerly the United States Naval Research Laboratory, talks about his pioneering work in infrared polaritonics. Polaritons are quasiparticles that couple photons to the motion of electrons or atoms in a material, and allow you to squeeze and manipulate light in nanoscale volumes. In the infrared, this capability may one day allow, for example, the roof of your home to cool even when in direct sunlight. Josh and Mike get a little 'in the weeds,' but that's what podcasts are for! Be sure not to miss the great career advice Josh sprinkles in along the way.Show details: • Hosted by Michael Filler (@michaelfiller) • Edited by Andrew Cannon (@andrewhcannon) • Recorded on January 24, 2019• Show notes are available at http://www.fillerlab.com/nanovation/archive/48• Submit feedback at http://www.fillerlab.com/nanovation/feedback

In this episode, we sit down with Dr. Michelle Povinelli, a professor in the Electrical Engineering department and Physics-Astronomy department here at USC. She has an incredible academic background in pure physics, and has since made waves in the EE world with her groundbreaking nanophotonics research. Join us for a conversation with her about how her career began, and where she sees the future of concentrated laser beams.

Steven G. Johnson is a Professor of Applied Mathematics and Physics at MIT. He works in the field of nanophotonics—electromagnetism in media structured on the wavelength scale, especially in the infrared and optical regimes—where he works on many aspects of the theory, design, and computational modeling of nanophotonic devices, both classical and quantum. He is coauthor of over 200 papers and over 25 patents, including the second edition of the textbook Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light. In addition to traditional publications, he distributes several widely used free-software packages for scientific computation, including the MPB and Meep electromagnetic simulation tools and the FFTW fast Fourier transform library (for which he received the 1999 J. H. Wilkinson Prize for Numerical Software). http://math.mit.edu/~stevenj/ https://github.com/stevengj/meep https://github.com/stevengj/mpb Ardavan Oskooi is the Founder/CEO of Simpetus, a San Francisco based startup with a mission to propel simulations to the forefront of research and development in electromagnetics. Simpetus is a reference to our vision for simulations being an impetus for new discoveries and technologies. Ardavan received his Sc.D. from MIT where he worked with Professor Steven G. Johnson (thesis: Computation & Design for Nanophotonics) to develop Meep. Ardavan has published 13 first-author articles in peer-reviewed journals and a book "Advances in FDTD Computational Electrodynamics: Photonics and Nanotechnology". Ardavan has a master in Computation for Design and Optimization from MIT and completed his undergraduate studies, with honors, in Engineering Science at the University of Toronto. Prior to launching Simpetus, Ardavan worked as a postdoctoral researcher with Professors Susumu Noda at Kyoto University and Stephen R. Forrest at the University of Michigan on leveraging Meep to push the frontier of optoelectronic device design. Company: www.simpetus.com

The Future of Light Art | Symposium 08.02.2018 – 09.02.2018 Medientheater Light is a messenger from the universe. The arts are the messengers of light. From February 8–9, 2018, a symposium on the future of light art will take place at the ZKM. The symposium can also be followed via livestream! Everything we know, we know from light – that is the claim by astrophysics at least. One thing is clear: From quantum optics (»The Angular Momentum of Light«) to chronobiology, from nano-optics to photonics, a new frontier of scientific research on the nature of light is emerging. These options, which offer us new theories and practices of light, from biophysical chemistry to the lithosphere, also have an impact on artistic possibilities. For this reason, renowned experts and institutions from the sciences and arts of light are invited to open up the new horizon of the light spectrum in an exchange of experiences. /// Das Licht ist eine Botschaft des Universums. Die Künste sind die Botschaften des Lichts. Vom 8.–9. Februar 2018 findet am ZKM ein Symposium zur Zukunft der Lichtkunst statt, das auch via Livestream verfolgt werden kann! Alles was wir wissen, wissen wir durch Licht – behauptet zumindest die Astrophysik. Eines ist klar: Von der Quantenoptik (»The Angular Momentum of Light«) bis zur Chronobiologie, von der Nanooptik bis zur Photonik entsteht eine neue Front der wissenschaftlichen Forschung über die Natur des Lichts. Diese Optionen, die uns neue Theorien und Praktiken des Lichts, von der biophysikalischen Chemie bis zur Lithosphäre anbieten, haben auch Auswirkungen auf die künstlerischen Möglichkeiten. Deswegen werden renommierte ExpertInnen und Institutionen aus den Wissenschaften und Künsten des Lichts eingeladen, in einem Erfahrungsaustausch den neuen Horizont des Lichtspektrums zu öffnen.

What’s the next technological revolution? In our last episode, we spoke with the creator of the next technological revolution which is turning photonic computing into a reality. * For more of these inspiring interviews and additional tips, tools and habits of Mindful Entrepreneurs, join us: http://methriving.com/ In today’s episode, part 2 of this mind-blowing interview, we’ll delve into who and what inspired this light-based invention. Be moved, as Carlos Ríos Ocampo shares how his parents, examples of discipline and tenacity, lit up and fueled his curiosity for physics and achievement. Travel back in time to his home country, Colombia. See how the challenges of growing up in the outskirts of Medellín during the nineties affected his household and helped to forge a family of game-changers. Discover what makes Carlos Ríos Ocampo an example of how to become the best in any given field and achieve whatever you want!  You need to listen to this episode if you want to learn Why photonic-computing is expected to precede quantum-computing and how they differ. How passion helps create genius-level achievements. Why discipline, curiosity and mentoring support are keys to forging champions and how you too can apply them to virtually any field in your life. What was the stepping-stone for Carlos to go from a small town to world-renowned leading expert. …And SO MUCH MORE!   AHA Moments: The impact of a mother teaching science to her young son, even when she only had a high-school diploma.  How having a physical challenge can be transformed into helping you to become top in your field. The importance of being surrounded by inspiring mentors. The value of scholarships and how challenges only help to strengthen those who are determined to succeed. Thank you for listening! If you found value in this episode, please share it!  * For more of these inspiring interviews and additional tips, tools and habits of Mindful Entrepreneurs, join us: http://methriving.com/

Nanophotonics is one great path into our future since it renders possible to build e.g. absorber, emitter or amplifier on a scale of a few dozen nanometers. To use this effectively we will have to understand firstly the resonances of plasmons and secondly the interaction of electromagnetic waves with complex media. Here on the one hand we can model light as waves and describe what is happening for the different frequencies of monochromatic light waves. We have to model the evolution in air or in more complex media. On the other hand - taking the more particle centered point of view - we can try to model the reaction of the photons to certain stimuli. The modelling is still in progress and explored in many different ways. The main focus of our guest Claire Scheid who is working on nanophotonics is to solve the corresponding partial differential equations numerically. It is challenging that the nanoscale-photons have to be visible in a discretization for a makro domain. So one needs special ideas to have a geometrical description for changing properties of the material. Even on the fastest available computers it is still the bottleneck to make these computations fast and precise enough. A special property which has to be reflected in the model is the delay in response of a photon to incoming light waves - also depending on the frequency of the light (which is connected to its velocity- also known as dispersion). So an equation for the the evolution of the electron polarization must be added to the standard model (which is the Maxwell system). One can say that the model for the permeability has to take into account the whole history of the process. Mathematically this is done through a convolution operator in the equation. There is also the possibility to explain the same phenomenon in the frequency space as well. In general the work in this field is possible only in good cooperation and interdisciplinary interaction with physicists - which also makes it especially interesting. Since 2009 Claire Scheid works at INRIA méditerranée in Sophia-Antipolis as part of the Nachos-Team and is teaching at the university of Nice as a member of the Laboratoire Dieudonné. She did her studies at the Ecole Normale Superieure in Lyon and later in Paris VI (Université Pierre et Marie Curie). For her PhD she changed to Grenoble and spent two years as Postdoc at the university in Oslo (Norway). Literature and additional material R. Léger, J. Viquerat, C. Durochat, C. Scheid and S. Lanteri: A parallel non-confoming multi-element DGTD method for the simulation of electromagnetic wave interaction with metallic nanoparticles, J. Comput. Appl. Math. Vol 270, p. 330-342, 2014. S. Descombes, C. Durochat, S. Lanteri, L. Moya, C. Scheid, J. Viquerat: Recent advances on a DGTD method for time-domain electromagnetism, Photonics and Nanostructures, Volume 11, issue 4, 291-302, 2013. K. Busch, M. König, J. Niegemann: Discontinuous Galerkin methods in nanophotonics, Laser and Photonics Reviews, 5, pp. 1–37, 2011.

Nanophotonics is one great path into our future since it renders possible to build e.g. absorber, emitter or amplifier on a scale of a few dozen nanometers. To use this effectively we will have to understand firstly the resonances of plasmons and secondly the interaction of electromagnetic waves with complex media. Here on the one hand we can model light as waves and describe what is happening for the different frequencies of monochromatic light waves. We have to model the evolution in air or in more complex media. On the other hand - taking the more particle centered point of view - we can try to model the reaction of the photons to certain stimuli. The modelling is still in progress and explored in many different ways. The main focus of our guest Claire Scheid who is working on nanophotonics is to solve the corresponding partial differential equations numerically. It is challenging that the nanoscale-photons have to be visible in a discretization for a makro domain. So one needs special ideas to have a geometrical description for changing properties of the material. Even on the fastest available computers it is still the bottleneck to make these computations fast and precise enough. A special property which has to be reflected in the model is the delay in response of a photon to incoming light waves - also depending on the frequency of the light (which is connected to its velocity- also known as dispersion). So an equation for the the evolution of the electron polarization must be added to the standard model (which is the Maxwell system). One can say that the model for the permeability has to take into account the whole history of the process. Mathematically this is done through a convolution operator in the equation. There is also the possibility to explain the same phenomenon in the frequency space as well. In general the work in this field is possible only in good cooperation and interdisciplinary interaction with physicists - which also makes it especially interesting. Since 2009 Claire Scheid works at INRIA méditerranée in Sophia-Antipolis as part of the Nachos-Team and is teaching at the university of Nice as a member of the Laboratoire Dieudonné. She did her studies at the Ecole Normale Superieure in Lyon and later in Paris VI (Université Pierre et Marie Curie). For her PhD she changed to Grenoble and spent two years as Postdoc at the university in Oslo (Norway). Literature and additional material R. Léger, J. Viquerat, C. Durochat, C. Scheid and S. Lanteri: A parallel non-confoming multi-element DGTD method for the simulation of electromagnetic wave interaction with metallic nanoparticles, J. Comput. Appl. Math. Vol 270, p. 330-342, 2014. S. Descombes, C. Durochat, S. Lanteri, L. Moya, C. Scheid, J. Viquerat: Recent advances on a DGTD method for time-domain electromagnetism, Photonics and Nanostructures, Volume 11, issue 4, 291-302, 2013. K. Busch, M. König, J. Niegemann: Discontinuous Galerkin methods in nanophotonics, Laser and Photonics Reviews, 5, pp. 1–37, 2011.

Dr. Josephine Yuen is the Ex Dir of E3S Center a collaboration of UCB, MIT, Stanford and UTEP. She is a Physical Chemist, Ph.D. from Cornell. She explains the e3s Center goals, Community College program, and focus on getting the research right.TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next Speaker 2: [inaudible] [inaudible]. [inaudible]. Speaker 1: Welcome to spectrum [00:00:30] the science and technology show on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program bringing you interviews featuring bay area scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news. Speaker 3: Hi and good afternoon. My name is Brad Swift. I'm the host of today's show. Our guest is Dr Josephine u n. She is the executive director of the [inaudible] center, a collaboration of UC Berkeley, MIT, Stanford, [00:01:00] and the University of Texas at El Paso. Dr [inaudible] is a physical chemist by training with a phd from Cornell University and she was also a postdoctoral fellow at the Argonne National Laboratory. She became a member of technical staff in bell laboratories and eventually held director level positions in product development, product management, manufacturing and supply line management. More recently, she was the CEO of try form x INC which develops and manufactures precision polymer [00:01:30] optics for the communications consumer products and medical industries. After spending 30 years in industry, she was a program director at the National Science Foundation. Today she talks with me about the [inaudible] center here at Berkeley, Josephine Ewen. Welcome to spectrum. Speaker 1: Thank you.Speaker 3: What is the origin story of e three s? How did it all get started? Speaker 1: Well, let's first understand what e three s stands for. It's [00:02:00] an acronym and this acronym for a center does headquarted in UC Berkeley and it's the center for energy efficient electronics science. Our story really began at the National Science Foundation. The National Science Foundation has several programs that fund centers intended to bring researchers from many institutions together to solve difficult problems [00:02:30] and one of those programs is the science and Technology Center program. Way Back and I believe most probably was 2008 there was a solicitation asking technical community and that is universities. Did you submit proposals for a new science and technology center? This type of solicitation comes out once every three years or so and so in two and nine professor [00:03:00] [inaudible] off the east department submitted a proposal that brings together researchers from various institutions, namely UC Berkeley, MIT, and Stanford to propose a new center, a new center that will do research necessary to come up with an alternative to the current day trend system. Speaker 1: No, you may want to ask, why do we need that? After all, transistors are everywhere and [00:03:30] it's in every aspects of our life. The reason we need an alternative is that we need an nutrient system or any kind of electronic components that would draw significantly less energy. Pol consumption in electronic devices have been dropping by virtue of the fact that through miniature isolation, the electronic industry has made great gains, not only in power consumption but in the cost of the device, [00:04:00] but unfortunately, miniaturization has hit a brick wall. It no longer is delivering the benefits it has delivered 10 plus years ago and you can see it by the very fact that the operating voltage of those devices in the past 10 plus years ago when the line was shrinks, you can see a big drop in the operating voltage, but in the last 10 years it's more or less flattened out and [00:04:30] even though the line was has shrunk further, we see that the operating voltage is around a vote, maybe slightly less than a vote now in the state of the art devices, but really we want to get to a device that can operate in the millivolt range and that is what the centers set out to do and we're doing the research necessary to get there. [inaudible] Speaker 3: I wanted to have [00:05:00] you talk about the themes of research at e three s and what made choosing themes and appealing method for your organization? Speaker 1: The center is researching different scientific concepts to achieve different device approaches. No one knows what is the best approach at this point. The current c Moss transistor is ubiquitous. There's no reason to believe is replacing will be [00:05:30] equally ubiquitous. The replacement may be a different solution for different application. That's why our research portfolio includes four themes. Not all four themes address the transistor. If you think of a integrated circuit, it's really a network of switches and the wires that connect us, which is three of the themes, address a different [00:06:00] type of switch while one theme address, how do you have more efficient wires or lower power consumption wires? Today's wars are copper wires, metal to wires, but we are doing research to have the communication between switches being done optically Speaker 3: and just for the record, what are the four themes? Speaker 1: The first theme is Nano Electronics. [00:06:30] The second theme is Nano mechanics. The third theme is nanophotonics and the fourth theme is Nano magnetics and you can see the first, second and fourth addresses. How do you get a different type of switch? While the third theme addresses the interconnection, namely the use of light for the interconnection amongst the switches [00:07:00] that we also call optical interconnect. Speaker 3: How interdisciplinary is the center? Do you have a sense of that in terms of the investigators and the researchers? Speaker 1: The center is highly into disciplinary disciplines involved. Our electrical engineering, chemistry material science and Physics Speaker 4: [inaudible]Speaker 3: [00:07:30] you are listening to spectrum of public affairs show on k a l x Berkeley public. Our guest is Josephine n. She is the executive director of the three s center. In the next segment she details the e three s community college outreach group. [inaudible]. An [00:08:00] interesting part of the e three s center is the program you've developed with community colleges. Do you want to explain how that program began and what its goals are? Speaker 1: A science and technology center is expected to educate besides do research and the education is not only have graduate students, so in I'll propose which NSF we decided to focus [00:08:30] on community college students. The reason we decided to do that is because in California we have the largest community college system in the country and many women and underrepresented minority start their post high school education. In community colleges. Our needs to increase its output of workers in this fuse [00:09:00] state utilizes science and technology disciplines and in order to do that we have to be able to encourage and groom participants from populations that are typically underrepresented in the technical world and this really based on that consideration that we say less focus on encouraging students, helping students from community colleges [00:09:30] develop a career in science and engineering. Speaker 3: What can you tell me about how the program is working and how people participate in it? From the community college side, Speaker 1: we have a program on campus called the transfer to excellence and this program while started by the East Rehab Center has now expanded to include other centers. This has been made possible because in addition to [00:10:00] the east area centers grind, the National Science Foundation also gave us an additional three years grant to expand the community college program and that has allowed the program to place students not only in the [inaudible] center but also to other centers on campus. Namely coins, the deals with Nana mechanics and also [inaudible] that deals with [00:10:30] synthetic bio fuse. The students from community college come on campus in the summer for nine weeks to do research, the first weakest bootcamp with the learn some of the basics to prepare them to go into the labs and then for the other eight weeks they work in the lab on individual projects and at the end, in the last week of the internship, they have to [00:11:00] present their work both in terms of giving talks and also in the form of posters in a poster session and that typically takes place at the beginning of August. And how large is that program? Last summer we hosted approximately 15 students. Speaker 3: Does that sort of what your target is for each summer? Speaker 1: Yes. Between 12 to 15 is off target [inaudible]. Speaker 3: And how do people [00:11:30] in community colleges get involved in it? How do they get selected or how do they apply? Speaker 1: In the fall we go through what we consider our recruitment face. We Post the information about the program on the website of our center. The staff of the center also goes out on campus to recruit. We host workshops to share information about a program and also to provide pointers to potential [00:12:00] applicants, how best to prepare the application. We also have webinars with, again, the purpose of encouraging and guiding potential applicants and how to apply and we also work with various community college or Nay stations to promote the program. For example, we ran a workshop in a Mesa conference. Is it statewide? [00:12:30] Yes. We're very proud to say that we have brought students from Mount Shasta down to south of San Diego from the bay area to the central valley Speaker 3: and I suppose the hope is that the students will then go to four year colleges get degrees. Are you tracking at all their progress in that effort? Speaker 1: Yes. Clearly the number one goal of this program [00:13:00] is to use research to deepen the interests of these students in science and engineering and you can ensure that they will get a good career in science engineering. Minimally a four year degree is necessary, so helping the students to transfer to a four year institution is number one goal. In addition, we want to excite them enough that they would even set this sites to go to graduate [00:13:30] school. The program provides one on one advising on the transfer process, particularly to UC Berkeley but also to four year institution in general and this advising is done by tap advices, which is the transfer alliance projects. There's part of UC Berkeley's campus, 87% of our 2012 class has transferred [00:14:00] to to what you see last fall. Most of them came to UC Berkeley, but others went to other ucs as well and I believe one of them actually transferred to Columbia Speaker 3: and for students that are in community colleges it might be listening. The best way to find out about it is to go on your website. Speaker 1: Yes. That's the best way to find out about the program and is also through our website which is www.ethrees-center.org [00:14:30] this website not only provides information but it just through this website you do your online application, Speaker 3: the community college students that are coming, what are their science requirements? Speaker 1: The program takes students the summer before they apply to transfer to a four year institution. By then we expect the students [00:15:00] to have completed two calculus courses and three signs or engineering courses including one laboratory course. Speaker 2: Okay. Speaker 5: From is a science and technology show on KALX Berkeley. We are talking with Josephine. You went [00:15:30] in the next segment she talks about the hope of research migrating from the lab to Congress. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 3: the center's focus now is on research. Is there at some point if you're successful with your research, a capability to implement and build something that would be a prototype of sorts. Speaker 1: [00:16:00] We are very much in the science face of our center. As a matter of fact, we are very much encouraged by our funder to really focus on understanding the science as opposed to just using empirical methods to achieve device demonstration. Part of the center's strategic plan costs for at the end of our sentence life, which we expect to be 10 years. We will be [00:16:30] able to have one technology, namely our science will be mature enough that we have a technology that can be commercialized. On the other hand, we are expected along the way to be able to really understand how realistic our approaches so we will be expected to have certain types of prototype demonstration in the second five years [00:17:00] of our center. Also each theme we expect that I'll research may have some near term applications and actually as a example in theme three which is the Nanophotonics we expect that I'll work in photo detectors can have near term applications. Speaker 3: So in a sense kind of spinning off some of the early successes within the center or do you have to move it out of the center to other [00:17:30] players? Speaker 1: They have different ways of transferring the knowledge that we gained through our research. The center has industry partners. This industry partners are leaders in the electronics industry. They have recognized the neat off the center and we should clearly we see them s one of the avenues to transfer technology that Nia term along the term [00:18:00] technologies that may come after center, but as you know, they also many other venues including potentially some of our students taking technologies and creating companies [inaudible] Speaker 3: so the industry partners also are able to feed back to you, give you some reflection on your research. Speaker 1: The feedback will enable the center to conduct this research to be practical and useful Speaker 3: [00:18:30] with the publications. Are there any restrictions on who you can publish with? Are you seeking out open source journals? Speaker 1: The Sentis research results are publish through peer review journals. Many of these journals, one could argue is not open source because you need a subscription to get to them. However, the journals allow the authors to post the papers on [00:19:00] their own website. I'll send to identifies on our website, our list of publications and through the authors own website, the public can gain access to those papers. Speaker 3: Are there other centers or other research groups that are doing very similar work that you pay close attention to? Speaker 1: Yes, there is a center in Notre Dame that [00:19:30] is partially funded by DARPA and another government agency. That center involves not only Notre Dame, Bifido is headquartered there, but it also has members from many of the academic institutions. The name of the center is leased. The center has similar goals as us. We are not the only people that recognized the problem the semiconductor industry is facing, [00:20:00] so there are many efforts and many researchers around the world working on different approaches to solving the problem. We are one of several centers. We believe we differentiate ourselves in part because we have really put a strong emphasis on establishing the science and understanding what has prevented an easy solution. Speaker 3: In your personal [00:20:30] story, you've spent some time on both sides of the granting process being with the NSF. What does it like seeing both sides of the process?Speaker 1: I was the SPI, our program officer at the National Science Foundation before coming to UC Berkeley at the Star Center. A programs officer's job is to figure out what area to fund. And in conjunction with review panels, recommend [00:21:00] which particular proposals you fund. And then after the award, the program office is job is to advise, guide, oversee the delivery of results and ensure that the grantee is in compliance with the program requirements. But when you are grantee, your job is to deliver on what you promise. So a lot of the focus is on results delivery [00:21:30] while a programs office job is to facilitate guide help, but not directly involved with the results delivery [inaudible] which do you prefer? My background prior to going to national science foundation was in private industry. So I have a very strong operating background. So to a certain extent, one can argue that given the number of years I've spent [00:22:00] operating or delivering results, that comes to me more naturally. Speaker 6: Josephine n, thank you very much for coming on spectrum. Speaker 1: Thank you for having me. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: for more details [00:22:30] on the [inaudible] center and their educational program, which covers pre college undergraduate, graduate and postdoc opportunities. Go to the e three s website, which is e three s-center.org spectrum shows are archived on iTunes university and we have created a simple link to help you get there. The link is tiny url.com/kalx [00:23:00] spectrum Speaker 2: [inaudible].Speaker 5: We hope you can get out to a few of the science and technology events happening locally over the next two years. Two weeks. Speaker 6: Renee Rao and chase Jacabowski present the calendar this Monday, February 24th come check out the next edition of nerd night. East Bay featuring lectures such as explosions, [00:23:30] back drafts and sprinklers, how Hollywood gets fire science wrong by Joel Sipe. Then listen to Brian Dote from sweet Mary's coffee and he'll show us how a cherry becomes black gold in his lecture home coffee roasting on the with tools you probably already have and last Vincent tank way will teach us about hyper velocity launchers in his lecture. Hyper velocity launchers, how to launch a projectile at 10 meters per second. That's right. 10 meters per second. Once again, nerd night takes [00:24:00] place. February 24th at the new parkway cinema in Oakland. Doors Open at 7:00 PM on Monday, March 3rd Dr. Edward Stone of Caltech will be giving a talk about the voyager spacecraft missions into interstellar space launched in 1977 to explore Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The two voyager spacecrafts continue their journeys as they search for the Helio pause. Speaker 6: The heliopause is a boundary between the solar wind and the local interstellar medium. [00:24:30] Recently in August, 2012 voyager one seem to be finally entering into the heliopause. The spacecraft reported finding depleted low energy particles originating from inside the heliosphere as well as low energy cosmic rays from nearby regions of the Milky Way. These in subsequent observations of the heliopause are revealing new aspects of the complex interaction of our son with a local interstellar medium to hear a complete history and learn where the voyager is. Now. Join Dr. Stone on [00:25:00] March 3rd at 4:15 PM in [inaudible] room number one on my name, March 3rd at 7:30 PM hello fellow Dr Jacqueline. Ferritin will speak in the planetarium of the California Academy of Sciences. At the close of 2013 the Italian stars with planets orbiting them toppled more than 1000 the majority of these so-called exoplanets have not actually been seen, but rather inferred from their effect on their host stars through pain seeking technical methods and tremendous telescope [00:25:30] 10 handful of indirectly image and these giant planets have shown fascinating diversity in their sizes, temperatures, weather, and relationships to their parents. Speaker 6: Sends over the past several years, an entirely new and mysterious breed of planets has emerged. As genres have discovered a collection of orphans. Planets that are moving through the galaxy, seemingly unattached to a star in this talk fairly will highlight how we discovered these seemingly impossible objects and review how these strange, exotic planets may be key [00:26:00] players in our understanding of planet formation and evolution. Her talk will be held seven 30 on Monday night, March 3rd go to cal academy.org to reserve tickets. A feature of spectrum is to present new stories we find interesting. Tracy Jakubowski and Renee Rao present our news, the deal. Cal reports a new project from UC Berkeley. Researchers may soon allow the power of ocean waves to join solar and wind power as a commercialized source of energy. [00:26:30] The project is led by Marcus Lehman, a visiting graduate student in the Mechanical Engineering Department and supervised by razor alum and assistant professor of mechanical engineering and principal investigator of the research. Speaker 6: The project focuses on building a prototype of a sea floor carpet that can generate electricity by mimicking the properties of the muddy sea floor. Therefore, the group is designing a c floor carpet waive dampening system that will harness the energy of waves passing over it. Theoretically, the [00:27:00] energy generated by 10 meters of sea floor carpet will be roughly equivalent to the energy conducted by a stadium sized soccer field completely covered by solar panels. As more and more people move to live near coastlines, the researchers expect wave power to be a top contender as the next big renewable resource, especially because waves have very high energy density. The cost of building devices to harness wave power is high. LM said, the ocean is a difficult place to work and our devices have to be sturdy enough to combat [00:27:30] the oceans, corrosive and harsh environments, but there's an increasing need for clean and as socially acceptable forms of generating power. Speaker 6: We're working hard with scientists and engineers to make this happen and it's only a matter of time. A recent study published in the Open Access Journal microbiome examine the GI tract of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit or NICU. The lead author of the study, Brandon Brooks, a graduate student in the plant and microbial biology department at UC Berkeley, collaborated [00:28:00] with researchers university of Pittsburgh to swab the most touched surfaces at the NICU, as well as collect samples from two premature babies. In a small pilot study, they discovered the microbial environment of the baby's GI tracks was strikingly similar to that of the NICU, which was particularly interesting given that the premature babies were treated with antibiotics and should have had a very limited diversity of micro organisms within their GI tract. Well, most of the micro organisms were opportunistic. A few contain genes that conferred resistance [00:28:30] to antibiotics and disinfectant that was used within the NICU. The study provided an important insight into how the pathogenic, as well as nonpathogenic organisms are able to move from even the most sterile of environments to our bodies. Speaker 4: [inaudible] [inaudible] Speaker 7: the music heard during the show was written and produced by [00:29:00] Alex Simon Speaker 8: [inaudible].Speaker 7: Thank you for listening to spectrum. If you have comments about the show, please send them to us via email or email address, spectrum dev, QA, and lex@yahoo.com genus in two weeks time. [inaudible]. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Dr. Josephine Yuen is the Ex Dir of E3S Center a collaboration of UCB, MIT, Stanford and UTEP. She is a Physical Chemist, Ph.D. from Cornell. She explains the e3s Center goals, Community College program, and focus on getting the research right.TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next Speaker 2: [inaudible] [inaudible]. [inaudible]. Speaker 1: Welcome to spectrum [00:00:30] the science and technology show on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program bringing you interviews featuring bay area scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news. Speaker 3: Hi and good afternoon. My name is Brad Swift. I'm the host of today's show. Our guest is Dr Josephine u n. She is the executive director of the [inaudible] center, a collaboration of UC Berkeley, MIT, Stanford, [00:01:00] and the University of Texas at El Paso. Dr [inaudible] is a physical chemist by training with a phd from Cornell University and she was also a postdoctoral fellow at the Argonne National Laboratory. She became a member of technical staff in bell laboratories and eventually held director level positions in product development, product management, manufacturing and supply line management. More recently, she was the CEO of try form x INC which develops and manufactures precision polymer [00:01:30] optics for the communications consumer products and medical industries. After spending 30 years in industry, she was a program director at the National Science Foundation. Today she talks with me about the [inaudible] center here at Berkeley, Josephine Ewen. Welcome to spectrum. Speaker 1: Thank you.Speaker 3: What is the origin story of e three s? How did it all get started? Speaker 1: Well, let's first understand what e three s stands for. It's [00:02:00] an acronym and this acronym for a center does headquarted in UC Berkeley and it's the center for energy efficient electronics science. Our story really began at the National Science Foundation. The National Science Foundation has several programs that fund centers intended to bring researchers from many institutions together to solve difficult problems [00:02:30] and one of those programs is the science and Technology Center program. Way Back and I believe most probably was 2008 there was a solicitation asking technical community and that is universities. Did you submit proposals for a new science and technology center? This type of solicitation comes out once every three years or so and so in two and nine professor [00:03:00] [inaudible] off the east department submitted a proposal that brings together researchers from various institutions, namely UC Berkeley, MIT, and Stanford to propose a new center, a new center that will do research necessary to come up with an alternative to the current day trend system. Speaker 1: No, you may want to ask, why do we need that? After all, transistors are everywhere and [00:03:30] it's in every aspects of our life. The reason we need an alternative is that we need an nutrient system or any kind of electronic components that would draw significantly less energy. Pol consumption in electronic devices have been dropping by virtue of the fact that through miniature isolation, the electronic industry has made great gains, not only in power consumption but in the cost of the device, [00:04:00] but unfortunately, miniaturization has hit a brick wall. It no longer is delivering the benefits it has delivered 10 plus years ago and you can see it by the very fact that the operating voltage of those devices in the past 10 plus years ago when the line was shrinks, you can see a big drop in the operating voltage, but in the last 10 years it's more or less flattened out and [00:04:30] even though the line was has shrunk further, we see that the operating voltage is around a vote, maybe slightly less than a vote now in the state of the art devices, but really we want to get to a device that can operate in the millivolt range and that is what the centers set out to do and we're doing the research necessary to get there. [inaudible] Speaker 3: I wanted to have [00:05:00] you talk about the themes of research at e three s and what made choosing themes and appealing method for your organization? Speaker 1: The center is researching different scientific concepts to achieve different device approaches. No one knows what is the best approach at this point. The current c Moss transistor is ubiquitous. There's no reason to believe is replacing will be [00:05:30] equally ubiquitous. The replacement may be a different solution for different application. That's why our research portfolio includes four themes. Not all four themes address the transistor. If you think of a integrated circuit, it's really a network of switches and the wires that connect us, which is three of the themes, address a different [00:06:00] type of switch while one theme address, how do you have more efficient wires or lower power consumption wires? Today's wars are copper wires, metal to wires, but we are doing research to have the communication between switches being done optically Speaker 3: and just for the record, what are the four themes? Speaker 1: The first theme is Nano Electronics. [00:06:30] The second theme is Nano mechanics. The third theme is nanophotonics and the fourth theme is Nano magnetics and you can see the first, second and fourth addresses. How do you get a different type of switch? While the third theme addresses the interconnection, namely the use of light for the interconnection amongst the switches [00:07:00] that we also call optical interconnect. Speaker 3: How interdisciplinary is the center? Do you have a sense of that in terms of the investigators and the researchers? Speaker 1: The center is highly into disciplinary disciplines involved. Our electrical engineering, chemistry material science and Physics Speaker 4: [inaudible]Speaker 3: [00:07:30] you are listening to spectrum of public affairs show on k a l x Berkeley public. Our guest is Josephine n. She is the executive director of the three s center. In the next segment she details the e three s community college outreach group. [inaudible]. An [00:08:00] interesting part of the e three s center is the program you've developed with community colleges. Do you want to explain how that program began and what its goals are? Speaker 1: A science and technology center is expected to educate besides do research and the education is not only have graduate students, so in I'll propose which NSF we decided to focus [00:08:30] on community college students. The reason we decided to do that is because in California we have the largest community college system in the country and many women and underrepresented minority start their post high school education. In community colleges. Our needs to increase its output of workers in this fuse [00:09:00] state utilizes science and technology disciplines and in order to do that we have to be able to encourage and groom participants from populations that are typically underrepresented in the technical world and this really based on that consideration that we say less focus on encouraging students, helping students from community colleges [00:09:30] develop a career in science and engineering. Speaker 3: What can you tell me about how the program is working and how people participate in it? From the community college side, Speaker 1: we have a program on campus called the transfer to excellence and this program while started by the East Rehab Center has now expanded to include other centers. This has been made possible because in addition to [00:10:00] the east area centers grind, the National Science Foundation also gave us an additional three years grant to expand the community college program and that has allowed the program to place students not only in the [inaudible] center but also to other centers on campus. Namely coins, the deals with Nana mechanics and also [inaudible] that deals with [00:10:30] synthetic bio fuse. The students from community college come on campus in the summer for nine weeks to do research, the first weakest bootcamp with the learn some of the basics to prepare them to go into the labs and then for the other eight weeks they work in the lab on individual projects and at the end, in the last week of the internship, they have to [00:11:00] present their work both in terms of giving talks and also in the form of posters in a poster session and that typically takes place at the beginning of August. And how large is that program? Last summer we hosted approximately 15 students. Speaker 3: Does that sort of what your target is for each summer? Speaker 1: Yes. Between 12 to 15 is off target [inaudible]. Speaker 3: And how do people [00:11:30] in community colleges get involved in it? How do they get selected or how do they apply? Speaker 1: In the fall we go through what we consider our recruitment face. We Post the information about the program on the website of our center. The staff of the center also goes out on campus to recruit. We host workshops to share information about a program and also to provide pointers to potential [00:12:00] applicants, how best to prepare the application. We also have webinars with, again, the purpose of encouraging and guiding potential applicants and how to apply and we also work with various community college or Nay stations to promote the program. For example, we ran a workshop in a Mesa conference. Is it statewide? [00:12:30] Yes. We're very proud to say that we have brought students from Mount Shasta down to south of San Diego from the bay area to the central valley Speaker 3: and I suppose the hope is that the students will then go to four year colleges get degrees. Are you tracking at all their progress in that effort? Speaker 1: Yes. Clearly the number one goal of this program [00:13:00] is to use research to deepen the interests of these students in science and engineering and you can ensure that they will get a good career in science engineering. Minimally a four year degree is necessary, so helping the students to transfer to a four year institution is number one goal. In addition, we want to excite them enough that they would even set this sites to go to graduate [00:13:30] school. The program provides one on one advising on the transfer process, particularly to UC Berkeley but also to four year institution in general and this advising is done by tap advices, which is the transfer alliance projects. There's part of UC Berkeley's campus, 87% of our 2012 class has transferred [00:14:00] to to what you see last fall. Most of them came to UC Berkeley, but others went to other ucs as well and I believe one of them actually transferred to Columbia Speaker 3: and for students that are in community colleges it might be listening. The best way to find out about it is to go on your website. Speaker 1: Yes. That's the best way to find out about the program and is also through our website which is www.ethrees-center.org [00:14:30] this website not only provides information but it just through this website you do your online application, Speaker 3: the community college students that are coming, what are their science requirements? Speaker 1: The program takes students the summer before they apply to transfer to a four year institution. By then we expect the students [00:15:00] to have completed two calculus courses and three signs or engineering courses including one laboratory course. Speaker 2: Okay. Speaker 5: From is a science and technology show on KALX Berkeley. We are talking with Josephine. You went [00:15:30] in the next segment she talks about the hope of research migrating from the lab to Congress. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 3: the center's focus now is on research. Is there at some point if you're successful with your research, a capability to implement and build something that would be a prototype of sorts. Speaker 1: [00:16:00] We are very much in the science face of our center. As a matter of fact, we are very much encouraged by our funder to really focus on understanding the science as opposed to just using empirical methods to achieve device demonstration. Part of the center's strategic plan costs for at the end of our sentence life, which we expect to be 10 years. We will be [00:16:30] able to have one technology, namely our science will be mature enough that we have a technology that can be commercialized. On the other hand, we are expected along the way to be able to really understand how realistic our approaches so we will be expected to have certain types of prototype demonstration in the second five years [00:17:00] of our center. Also each theme we expect that I'll research may have some near term applications and actually as a example in theme three which is the Nanophotonics we expect that I'll work in photo detectors can have near term applications. Speaker 3: So in a sense kind of spinning off some of the early successes within the center or do you have to move it out of the center to other [00:17:30] players? Speaker 1: They have different ways of transferring the knowledge that we gained through our research. The center has industry partners. This industry partners are leaders in the electronics industry. They have recognized the neat off the center and we should clearly we see them s one of the avenues to transfer technology that Nia term along the term [00:18:00] technologies that may come after center, but as you know, they also many other venues including potentially some of our students taking technologies and creating companies [inaudible] Speaker 3: so the industry partners also are able to feed back to you, give you some reflection on your research. Speaker 1: The feedback will enable the center to conduct this research to be practical and useful Speaker 3: [00:18:30] with the publications. Are there any restrictions on who you can publish with? Are you seeking out open source journals? Speaker 1: The Sentis research results are publish through peer review journals. Many of these journals, one could argue is not open source because you need a subscription to get to them. However, the journals allow the authors to post the papers on [00:19:00] their own website. I'll send to identifies on our website, our list of publications and through the authors own website, the public can gain access to those papers. Speaker 3: Are there other centers or other research groups that are doing very similar work that you pay close attention to? Speaker 1: Yes, there is a center in Notre Dame that [00:19:30] is partially funded by DARPA and another government agency. That center involves not only Notre Dame, Bifido is headquartered there, but it also has members from many of the academic institutions. The name of the center is leased. The center has similar goals as us. We are not the only people that recognized the problem the semiconductor industry is facing, [00:20:00] so there are many efforts and many researchers around the world working on different approaches to solving the problem. We are one of several centers. We believe we differentiate ourselves in part because we have really put a strong emphasis on establishing the science and understanding what has prevented an easy solution. Speaker 3: In your personal [00:20:30] story, you've spent some time on both sides of the granting process being with the NSF. What does it like seeing both sides of the process?Speaker 1: I was the SPI, our program officer at the National Science Foundation before coming to UC Berkeley at the Star Center. A programs officer's job is to figure out what area to fund. And in conjunction with review panels, recommend [00:21:00] which particular proposals you fund. And then after the award, the program office is job is to advise, guide, oversee the delivery of results and ensure that the grantee is in compliance with the program requirements. But when you are grantee, your job is to deliver on what you promise. So a lot of the focus is on results delivery [00:21:30] while a programs office job is to facilitate guide help, but not directly involved with the results delivery [inaudible] which do you prefer? My background prior to going to national science foundation was in private industry. So I have a very strong operating background. So to a certain extent, one can argue that given the number of years I've spent [00:22:00] operating or delivering results, that comes to me more naturally. Speaker 6: Josephine n, thank you very much for coming on spectrum. Speaker 1: Thank you for having me. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: for more details [00:22:30] on the [inaudible] center and their educational program, which covers pre college undergraduate, graduate and postdoc opportunities. Go to the e three s website, which is e three s-center.org spectrum shows are archived on iTunes university and we have created a simple link to help you get there. The link is tiny url.com/kalx [00:23:00] spectrum Speaker 2: [inaudible].Speaker 5: We hope you can get out to a few of the science and technology events happening locally over the next two years. Two weeks. Speaker 6: Renee Rao and chase Jacabowski present the calendar this Monday, February 24th come check out the next edition of nerd night. East Bay featuring lectures such as explosions, [00:23:30] back drafts and sprinklers, how Hollywood gets fire science wrong by Joel Sipe. Then listen to Brian Dote from sweet Mary's coffee and he'll show us how a cherry becomes black gold in his lecture home coffee roasting on the with tools you probably already have and last Vincent tank way will teach us about hyper velocity launchers in his lecture. Hyper velocity launchers, how to launch a projectile at 10 meters per second. That's right. 10 meters per second. Once again, nerd night takes [00:24:00] place. February 24th at the new parkway cinema in Oakland. Doors Open at 7:00 PM on Monday, March 3rd Dr. Edward Stone of Caltech will be giving a talk about the voyager spacecraft missions into interstellar space launched in 1977 to explore Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The two voyager spacecrafts continue their journeys as they search for the Helio pause. Speaker 6: The heliopause is a boundary between the solar wind and the local interstellar medium. [00:24:30] Recently in August, 2012 voyager one seem to be finally entering into the heliopause. The spacecraft reported finding depleted low energy particles originating from inside the heliosphere as well as low energy cosmic rays from nearby regions of the Milky Way. These in subsequent observations of the heliopause are revealing new aspects of the complex interaction of our son with a local interstellar medium to hear a complete history and learn where the voyager is. Now. Join Dr. Stone on [00:25:00] March 3rd at 4:15 PM in [inaudible] room number one on my name, March 3rd at 7:30 PM hello fellow Dr Jacqueline. Ferritin will speak in the planetarium of the California Academy of Sciences. At the close of 2013 the Italian stars with planets orbiting them toppled more than 1000 the majority of these so-called exoplanets have not actually been seen, but rather inferred from their effect on their host stars through pain seeking technical methods and tremendous telescope [00:25:30] 10 handful of indirectly image and these giant planets have shown fascinating diversity in their sizes, temperatures, weather, and relationships to their parents. Speaker 6: Sends over the past several years, an entirely new and mysterious breed of planets has emerged. As genres have discovered a collection of orphans. Planets that are moving through the galaxy, seemingly unattached to a star in this talk fairly will highlight how we discovered these seemingly impossible objects and review how these strange, exotic planets may be key [00:26:00] players in our understanding of planet formation and evolution. Her talk will be held seven 30 on Monday night, March 3rd go to cal academy.org to reserve tickets. A feature of spectrum is to present new stories we find interesting. Tracy Jakubowski and Renee Rao present our news, the deal. Cal reports a new project from UC Berkeley. Researchers may soon allow the power of ocean waves to join solar and wind power as a commercialized source of energy. [00:26:30] The project is led by Marcus Lehman, a visiting graduate student in the Mechanical Engineering Department and supervised by razor alum and assistant professor of mechanical engineering and principal investigator of the research. Speaker 6: The project focuses on building a prototype of a sea floor carpet that can generate electricity by mimicking the properties of the muddy sea floor. Therefore, the group is designing a c floor carpet waive dampening system that will harness the energy of waves passing over it. Theoretically, the [00:27:00] energy generated by 10 meters of sea floor carpet will be roughly equivalent to the energy conducted by a stadium sized soccer field completely covered by solar panels. As more and more people move to live near coastlines, the researchers expect wave power to be a top contender as the next big renewable resource, especially because waves have very high energy density. The cost of building devices to harness wave power is high. LM said, the ocean is a difficult place to work and our devices have to be sturdy enough to combat [00:27:30] the oceans, corrosive and harsh environments, but there's an increasing need for clean and as socially acceptable forms of generating power. Speaker 6: We're working hard with scientists and engineers to make this happen and it's only a matter of time. A recent study published in the Open Access Journal microbiome examine the GI tract of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit or NICU. The lead author of the study, Brandon Brooks, a graduate student in the plant and microbial biology department at UC Berkeley, collaborated [00:28:00] with researchers university of Pittsburgh to swab the most touched surfaces at the NICU, as well as collect samples from two premature babies. In a small pilot study, they discovered the microbial environment of the baby's GI tracks was strikingly similar to that of the NICU, which was particularly interesting given that the premature babies were treated with antibiotics and should have had a very limited diversity of micro organisms within their GI tract. Well, most of the micro organisms were opportunistic. A few contain genes that conferred resistance [00:28:30] to antibiotics and disinfectant that was used within the NICU. The study provided an important insight into how the pathogenic, as well as nonpathogenic organisms are able to move from even the most sterile of environments to our bodies. Speaker 4: [inaudible] [inaudible] Speaker 7: the music heard during the show was written and produced by [00:29:00] Alex Simon Speaker 8: [inaudible].Speaker 7: Thank you for listening to spectrum. If you have comments about the show, please send them to us via email or email address, spectrum dev, QA, and lex@yahoo.com genus in two weeks time. [inaudible]. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Nanophotonics-based optical devices have a potential for wide variety of applications. For example, in next generation hard disk drives, a flying recording head with a nano-optical transducer creates a tiny near-field optical spot inside a magnetic recording medium which enables a higher data capacity per recording disk. As the example indicates, the “near-field” is a major application area for the nanophotonics devices. As one possible approach to apply them beyond the near-field, recently we demonstrated an array of photo electron transducer by using a novel C-shaped metallic nano aperture. The transducer creates sub-20 nm optical spots; then, the optical spots are converted to sub-20 nm electron sources. Such opt-electron combined imaging systems potentially break the near-field limitation by an aide of electron imaging optics. In the talk, we will describe operational principle and fabrication of the C-shaped nano aperture, experimental results on optical spot size and future applications.

Kate Barnard speaks to students in the CSIRO Vacation Scholarship Program, Victoria Bond talks about World Tuberculosis Day, Ian Woolf interviews Professor Geoff Smith about the importance of Nanophotonics to environmental energy flows, Presented and produced by Ian Woolf

Huge problems of energy and sustainability confront the science/engineering community, mankind, and our planet. The energy problem comes in many dimensions, including supply, demand, conservation, transportation, and storage. This overview will stress the nature of these problems, and offer a few areas where theoretical chemistry can make substantial contributions to solving them. Also discussed are excitons in solar cells and on advanced batteries.

Nanotechnology, gold nanoshells, cancer therapy, rice-shaped nanoparticles. Dr. Naomi Halas is best known as the inventor of nanoshells, a new class of multi-layered nanoscale particles that have unique optical properties of wide interest in optics, biomedicine, and materials science. Dr. Halas is a fellow of the American Physical Society and a recipient of the National Science Foundation Young Investigator Award.

Nanotechnology, gold nanoshells, cancer therapy, rice-shaped nanoparticles. Dr. Naomi Halas is best known as the inventor of nanoshells, a new class of multi-layered nanoscale particles that have unique optical properties of wide interest in optics, biomedicine, and materials science. Dr. Halas is a fellow of the American Physical Society and a recipient of the National Science Foundation Young Investigator Award.

While the Greek root nano just means dwarf, the nanoscale has become a giant focus of contemporary science and technology. We will examine the fundamental issues underlying the excitement involved in nanoscale research - what, why and how. Specific topics include assembly, properties,...