Podcasts about Kyoto University

Shuhei Yoshida is former president of Sony Interactive Entertainment Worldwide Studios, and one of the most beloved figures in the video games industry. After graduating from Kyoto University with a degree in economics, he joined Sony in 1986 to coordinate the company's PC business. Then, as one of the early members of the PlayStation project, he helped oversee the development of landmark titles across multiple generations, including Gran Truismo, Legend of Dragoon, and Ico, championing video game-based creativity and experimentation at a global scale. Earlier this year, after almost four decades, he left Sony. But he continues to work closely with independent game developers. Known for his warmth, curiosity, and deep love of the medium, he remains a true ambassador for the art of play.Become a My Perfect Console supporter and receive a range of benefits at www.patreon.com/myperfectconsoleTake the Acast listener survey to help shape the show: My Perfect Console with Simon Parkin Survey 2025 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

京都大ｉＰＳ細胞研究所、京都市左京区体内に侵入した細菌や異物を攻撃・排除する免疫システムの中心となる「Ｔ細胞」を生成する「胸腺」の構成細胞を、ヒトの人工多能性幹細胞から作製することに、京都大ｉＰＳ細胞研究所が成功した。 A team at Kyoto University's Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, or CiRA, has succeeded in creating component cells for the thymus using human induced pluripotent stem cells.

A team at Kyoto University's Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, or CiRA, has succeeded in creating component cells for the thymus using human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Send us a textA top predator that “wastes” food and ends up feeding an entire ecosystem? That paradox sits at the heart of our latest exploration into polar bear behavior and the hidden scaffolding of the Arctic food web. We unpack new research estimating that each polar bear leaves roughly 300 kilograms of edible remains annually—amounting to millions of kilograms across the region—and why those leftovers are vital calories for Arctic foxes, ravens, gulls, snowy owls, and even wolves. By focusing on blubber for maximum energy return, polar bears inadvertently act as providers in a landscape where every calorie matters, and we trace how shrinking sea ice threatens not just bears but the scavengers who depend on their kills.From icy shores to living rooms, we then tackle a beloved belief: can dogs judge human character? A Kyoto University study with 40 pet dogs put that idea to the test using a generous-versus-selfish setup. The result: no reliable preference for the kind human, even after direct interaction. We break down what this means for canine social cognition, why food-based tasks may miss the mark, and how ethics limit what scientists can test. Rather than a simple moral radar, dogs may rely on a complex blend of context, prior reinforcement, and human cues that are hard to capture in a two-choice experiment.Along the way, we share field notes from polar bear country, practical insights for interpreting your dog's behavior without overreading the wag, and a clear view of how climate change reshapes energy flows you rarely hear about. If you care about wildlife science, animal behavior, or how small choices ripple through entire systems, this one offers fresh data and useful takeaways.Enjoy the show? Follow, share, and leave a quick review to help more curious listeners find us. Got a story or question we should cover next? Drop it in the comments and join the conversation.Here is the link to all our socials and stuff!!!Support the showFor Science, Empathy, and Cuteness!Being Kind is a Superpower. All our social links are here!

The coal, utilities, and transportation industries have all mounted efforts to stop governments from regulating emissions or transitioning to cleaner energy. In this episode we look at how those efforts took shape around the world, and what tactics they used to block progress. Jen Schneider, at Boise State University and Gregory Trencher, at Kyoto University, join us to walk through the peer-reviewed research on these efforts. You can now download a FREE copy of the book Climate Obstruction: A Global Survey here! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ein Schwamm ist super, um Wasser aufzuwischen. Chemiker können so etwas ähnliches auf Molekülebene bauen: Strukturen aus sogenannten metall-organischen Verbindungen. Sie haben maßgeschneiderte Hohlräume, mit denen sich CO2, Schadstoffe oder auch Wassermoleküle einfangen lassen. Die Forscher Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson und Omar Yaghi bekommen dieses Jahr den Nobelpreis für Chemie dafür. Dieser Podcast klärt, wie diese Verbindungen inzwischen nicht nur Wasser in der Wüste sammeln sondern auch Umweltschadstoffe unschädlich machen. Host in dieser Folge ist Stefan Geier Redaktion: Miriam Stumpfe Produktion: Markus Mähner Autor und Gesprächspartner: Hellmuth Nordwig, Wissenschaftsjournalist Mehr zu dem Nobelpreis für Chemie 2025 findet ihr hier: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2025/summary Mehr zu den Preisträgern gibt's hier: Susumu Kitagawa, Kyoto University: https://www.icems.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/people/1422/ Richard Robson, University of Melbourne: https://www.unimelb.edu.au/newsroom/news/2025/october/professor-richard-robson-wins-nobel-prize-in-chemistry Omar M Yaghi, University of California, Berkeley: https://yaghi.berkeley.edu/ Tipps zum Weiterstreamen: Wenn der Regen fehlt - So ernten Forschende Wasser in trockenen Gebieten https://www.ardaudiothek.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:d44612039058c232/ Wegbereiter eines Quantencomputers - Das steckt hinter dem Nobelpreis für Physik 2025 https://www.ardaudiothek.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:420c86b5e41a853e/ Wächter im Immunsystem - Das steckt hinter dem Medizin-Nobelpreis 2025 https://www.ardaudiothek.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:da4f41431f1f977f/ Habt Ihr Feedback? Anregungen? Wir freuen uns, von Euch zu hören: WhatsApp (https://wa.me/491746744240) oder iq@br.de Falls Euch der IQ-Podcast gefällt, freuen wir uns über eine gute Bewertung, einen freundlichen Kommentar und ein Abo. Und wenn Ihr unseren Podcast unterstützen wollt, empfehlt uns gerne weiter! IQ verpasst? Hier könnt Ihr die letzten Folgen hören: https://1.ard.de/IQWissenschaft

“This is Ground Zero for Agenda 2030 across the Globe. What is here Epitomizes what ALL Farmers are Facing, including the Highest Risk of Mankind's Food Security and Natural Solutions to Heal being Eradicated from God's Creation” Mere hours from the peaceful, 35-yr old multi-generational farm in British Columbia, a CHILD IS REPORTED MISSING and a community responds… Yet instead of mounting area-wide search efforts for the child… An estimated 140 RCMP vehicles, with an estimated 200+ armed RCMP agents, their Helicopters, Surveillance Units, Drones, a Mobile Command Unit including the RCMP Tactical Team (Emergency Response Unit deployed in acts of terrorism) convoyed 3 hours, descending upon Universal Ostrich Farms. What mission is more important than searching for a missing 5yr old boy? What warrants this over investigating and dismantling terrorist networks? Or stopping the flow of deadly fentanyl, drug trafficking or human smugglers?  Even investigating crimes against humanity, or... Hunting down sexual predators? (By their very actions, words and deeds, to these members of the RCMP, it's more important to support a W.H.O. proclamation pushed by Canada's deep state and kill these birds...)  Along a scenic highway inside the Rocky Mountain interior this week, dozens of law enforcement began terrorizing the Grandmother, her daughter Katie Pasitney, and co-owner David Belinski.   The government agents swarmed the farm, locking down airspace and planting themselves firmly on private property setting up to eviscerate 400 healthy ostriches with 230 healthy days of herd immunity.  The antibodies produced by the eggs of these very ostriches have been clinically proven across numerous studies from the USA to Kyoto University in Japan, to prevent or heal humans from various strains of flu, from COVID itself, plus provide a natural diet alternative to Big Pharma's Ozempic...and perhaps might potentially heal cancer. 

Welcome to Ozempic Weightloss Unlocked, the podcast where the science and the stories around Ozempic are put into focus for anyone curious about medical breakthroughs, health, and real-world results. Today we dive into the latest findings shaking up the world of weight management with Ozempic, a brand name for semaglutide. New research published mid-September in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology shows that a triple-sized weekly dose of Ozempic—specifically 7.2 milligrams—helped people with obesity lose even more weight than the currently approved lower dose. Adults who took this higher dose lost on average nearly 19 percent of their body weight. Nearly half of participants on this regimen lost at least 20 percent, and a third lost a quarter or more. Similar benefits were seen for those with type 2 diabetes, with the higher dose leading to a 13 percent weight loss, compared to 10 percent for the lower dose.But there is more than just the numbers on the scale. Participants on the higher dose saw improvements in waist circumference, blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol numbers. Importantly, the higher dose was found to be both safe and generally well tolerated. The most frequent issues were digestive, like nausea and diarrhea, but these tended to resolve over time with no increased risk of severe low blood sugar or other serious events. Researchers from the Wharton Medical Clinic in Canada concluded that even greater health improvements could be reached in the future, but they called for more research into the long-term effects and safety as use expands.Adding to the buzz, a recent study out of Denmark raises important questions about how long people actually stick with Ozempic for weight management. According to research presented at the Annual Meeting of The European Association for the Study of Diabetes, more than half of adults who began using the drug for weight loss ended up quitting within one year. Factors behind this drop-off included cost, side effects, and potential health complications. When treatment is stopped, most people regain weight, highlighting that Ozempic is not a short-term fix and needs to be taken long term for sustainable results. The findings raise red flags since discontinuing the medication can undermine hard-won health improvements, and the high price also risks making access unequal.Ozempic is not just for the scale—it has heart-protective effects too. Novo Nordisk, the pharmaceutical company behind the drug, released results from the REACH trial showing that once-weekly Ozempic reduced the risk of heart attack, stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure by a significant 25 percent compared to an older medication called dulaglutide. That is a substantial bonus, especially for those with both obesity and cardiovascular risk factors.Researchers are also learning that how you eat can affect how well Ozempic works. A team from Kyoto University found that people who eat in response to sights and smells of food are more likely to see weight loss benefits from Ozempic, compared to those who eat mainly for emotional reasons. Those with emotional eating patterns might require additional behavioral or psychological support for the medication to be most effective.The science is clear—GLP-1 receptor agonists like Ozempic can be life-changing, delivering substantial and safe weight loss, along with significant improvements for blood sugar, heart health, and metabolic risk factors. But to sustain progress, long-term commitment is key, and the therapy works best alongside changes in eating habits and ongoing support.Thank you for tuning in to Ozempic Weightloss Unlocked. If you found today's update helpful, be sure to subscribe for more news and expert insights on this quickly evolving topic. This has been a quiet please production, for more check out quiet please dot ai. Some great Deals https://amzn.to/49SJ3QsFor more check out http://www.quietplease.aiThis content was created in partnership and with the help of Artificial Intelligence AI

鈴木淳・京大教授がん細胞など体内で不要な細胞と結合し、免疫細胞が取り除きやすくする新たなたんぱく質を、京都大の研究グループが開発した。 A Kyoto University research group has developed a new type of protein that marks out cancer cells for easier removal.

A Kyoto University research group has developed a new type of protein that marks out cancer cells for easier removal.

In our 14th episode with Australian economist Bill Mitchell, the conversation focuses on the MMT perspective on international trade. Bill explains what is meant by the statement “imports are a benefit, and exports are a cost,” where it fits into the history of economic thought, and some of its implications. A significant portion of the conversation is dedicated to explaining the crucial shift from the Bretton Woods fixed exchange rate system to the modern system of floating exchange rates after 1971. Bill clarifies that in a floating regime, a currency-issuing government is not financially constrained in its domestic policy by “trade imbalances,” as it was under Bretton Woods. The episode also touches on bond vigilantes, the IMF, and the shifting status of the US dollar as the world's reserve currency. William Mitchell is Professor of Economics and Director of the Centre of Full Employment and Equity (CofFEE) at the University of Newcastle, NSW Australia. He is also the Docent Professor of Global Political Economy at the University of Helsinki, Finland, and Guest International Professor at Kyoto University, Japan. Follow Bill's work, including his upcoming books, at https://billmitchell.org/blog/

京都大病院、京都市左京区化学療法が効きにくい悪性の膵臓がんでは、特定の遺伝子の働きが低下していることを京都大の研究グループが突き止めた。 Researchers mainly from Kyoto University have found that impaired function of a specific gene contributes to the malignancy of pancreatic cancer, which is hard to treat with chemotherapy.

Researchers mainly from Kyoto University have found that impaired function of a specific gene contributes to the malignancy of pancreatic cancer, which is hard to treat with chemotherapy.

Lots of people have warned about robot invasions, but not like this: tiny bots that don't want to take over the world, but want to help clear your sinuses of germs. Plus: a group of 15 monkeys living at Kyoto University's primate research institute figure out a way to escape their habitat. Light-powered robot swarms may replace antibiotics for tough sinus infections (Interesting Engineering)Monkeys use trees to catapault themselves out of Japanese laboratory (Daily Telegraph)Let's all swarm this show's Patreon page with donations

Fluent Fiction - Japanese: Sibling Struggles and Sakura Dreams: A Journey in Kyoto Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ja/episode/2025-06-16-22-34-02-ja Story Transcript:Ja: 桜の花びらが風に乗って舞い込む京都大学の寮。En: In the dormitory of Kyoto University, cherry blossom petals danced in on the wind.Ja: ここで、そらと妹のみかは一緒に暮らしていました。En: Here, Sora and his younger sister Mika lived together.Ja: 両親は外国で働いていますので、そらはみかの面倒を見る必要があります。En: Since their parents worked abroad, Sora needed to take care of Mika.Ja: そらは真面目な大学生です。En: Sora was a serious college student.Ja: いつもみかのことを心配しています。En: He always worried about Mika.Ja: 「ちゃんと勉強しているかな？」と。En: "Is she studying properly?" he wondered.Ja: みかは、自由な心を持ち、絵を描くことを愛しています。En: Mika, with a free spirit, loved painting.Ja: キャンバスに向かって、彼女は夢の中で生きているようです。En: When she faced her canvas, it was as if she lived in a dream.Ja: ある日の夕方、そらは食事を作りながら考えました。「みかは今日も授業を休んだと聞いた。En: One evening, while preparing a meal, Sora thought, "I heard Mika skipped class again today.Ja: どうしよう？話さないといけないか？」彼は溜息をつきました。En: What should I do? Do I need to talk to her?" He sighed.Ja: 試験の時期が近づいています。それが心配です。En: Exam time was approaching, and he was concerned.Ja: その時、みかが入ってきました。En: Just then, Mika entered the room.Ja: 「そら、お兄ちゃん！ちょっと私の絵、見てくれる？」彼女の目は輝いていました。En: "Hey Sora, big brother! Could you take a look at my painting?" Her eyes were shining.Ja: 彼女が描いたのは、春の京の街並みでした。En: She had painted a scene of Kyoto in spring.Ja: 桜の木と小道の先には、小さな神社が見えました。En: Beyond the cherry trees and path, a small shrine was visible.Ja: 「すごいね...でも、みか。試験はどうするの？」そらは優しく質問しました。En: "That's amazing...but, Mika. What about the exams?" Sora asked gently.Ja: みかは少し黙りました。En: Mika paused for a moment.Ja: 「実は、試験を欠席してまで、この絵を描いていたの。En: "The truth is, I skipped the exams to paint this.Ja: 展覧会に出すんだよ。」みかの声には後悔もありましたが、情熱もありました。En: I'm going to submit it to an exhibition." Her voice carried both regret and passion.Ja: そらは驚きました。En: Sora was surprised.Ja: 「どうして大事な試験を飛ばしたの？君の未来がかかっているんだよ！」En: "Why did you skip such important exams? Your future depends on it!"Ja: みかは涙を浮かべました。En: Mika had tears in her eyes.Ja: 「絵を描くことが私の未来だって、誰かに言ってほしかったの。」En: "I just wanted someone to tell me that painting is my future."Ja: その時、かずきが訪れました。En: At that moment, Kazuki visited.Ja: 彼は共通の友人で、いつも二人をサポートしてくれる人です。En: He was a mutual friend who always supported the two.Ja: 「そら、聞いてみない？みかの絵は本当に素晴らしいよ。」En: "Why don't you listen? Mika's painting is truly amazing."Ja: そらは深く考えました。En: Sora pondered deeply.Ja: そして、みかを見て言いました。「わかった。En: Then, he looked at Mika and said, "Alright.Ja: 展覧会に行こう。そして、お互いの夢について話そう。」En: Let's go to the exhibition and talk about our dreams together."Ja: 展覧会の日、そらとみか、かずきは一緒に絵を観に行きました。En: On the day of the exhibition, Sora, Mika, and Kazuki went to see the paintings.Ja: そらはみかの絵を見て、心から感動しました。En: Sora was truly moved by Mika's work.Ja: 「君がこれを好きなのがわかるよ。En: "I can see why you love this.Ja: 僕も、自分の夢を探してみる。」En: I'll try to find my own dream, too."Ja: みかは照れながら笑いました。En: Mika smiled bashfully.Ja: 「お互い頑張ろう。」En: "Let's work hard together."Ja: 桜の花が咲き誇る季節、そらとみかは新たな夢に向かって歩き始めました。En: In the season when cherry blossoms were in full bloom, Sora and Mika started walking towards new dreams.Ja: 二人の絆は、今まで以上に強くなりました。En: Their bond grew stronger than ever before. Vocabulary Words:petals: 花びらdanced: 舞い込むabroad: 外国serious: 真面目canvas: キャンバスskipped: 欠席exhibition: 展覧会regret: 後悔passion: 情熱surprised: 驚きましたmutual: 共通supported: サポートdream: 夢approaching: 近づいていますmeal: 食事concerned: 心配scene: 街並みvisible: 見えましたbond: 絆younger: 妹exam: 試験shining: 輝いていましたsubmit: 出すponders: 考えましたbashfully: 照れながらfull bloom: 咲き誇るevening: 夕方worried: 心配していますpath: 小道shrine: 神社

The team are back for Season 4, bringing you the latest from the world of wellness.First the team look at a study from Kyoto University discussed in a TEDx talk, which examines how sound waves can rewire cells and impact gene expression without chemicals or surgery. Secondly, there's a debate about biological age, its impact on health assessment, and the potential business applications, such as insurance premium reductions based on advanced diagnostics. This refers to the Times recent article “I'm 52. My biological age is 32. Can that be true?”.Lastly, Adrienne predicts a shift in the creator economy towards expert-led content, emphasising the growing importance of credibility and trust in wellness marketing.Don't forget to rate/review and subscribe or follow!You can follow the show and send in your questions to @modernwellnesspodcast or email questions@modernwellnesspodcast.comAnd follow the hosts Adrienne @adrienne_ldn, Sammi @sammiadhami, and Oli @_olipatrick. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

京都大ｉＰＳ細胞研究所、京都市左京区ヒトの人工多能性幹細胞から作製した腎臓のもととなる細胞を慢性腎臓病のマウスに移植したところ、腎機能の低下が抑制されたと、京都大ｉＰＳ細胞研究所などの研究グループが発表した。 A research team led by Kyoto University said Wednesday it has successfully prevented kidney functions from declining in mice using human induced pluripotent stem cells, or human iPS cells, an achievement that may lead to the development of an effective therapy for chronic kidney disease.

A research team led by Kyoto University said Wednesday it has successfully prevented kidney functions from declining in mice using human induced pluripotent stem cells, or human iPS cells, an achievement that may lead to the development of an effective therapy for chronic kidney disease.

Hosts Mitsuaki Sawano, MD, and Nobuhiro Ikemura, MD, welcome Yuichiro Mori, MD, MPH, a physician-scientist at Kyoto University, to discuss his ACC.25 poster presentation on biomarker-based pre-heart failure screening using NT-proBNP, conducted in a rural Japanese city in Hokkaido. Drawing from a screening cohort of 1,585 individuals aged 40–74 in Furano, the study integrated NT-proBNP testing into Japan's routine general health checkups. Dr. Mori shares key takeaways from the study and emphasizes how even single-site efforts, when well-structured and strategically communicated, can gain recognition at major global meetings like ACC.

Episode 164 Chapter 25, Electronic Music in Japan and The Asia-Pacific. Works Recommended from my book, Electronic and Experimental Music  Welcome to the Archive of Electronic Music. This is Thom Holmes. This podcast is produced as a companion to my book, Electronic and Experimental Music, published by Routledge. Each of these episodes corresponds to a chapter in the text and an associated list of recommended works, also called Listen in the text. They provide listening examples of vintage electronic works featured in the text. The works themselves can be enjoyed without the book and I hope that they stand as a chronological survey of important works in the history of electronic music. Be sure to tune-in to other episodes of the podcast where we explore a wide range of electronic music in many styles and genres, all drawn from my archive of vintage recordings. There is a complete playlist for this episode on the website for the podcast. Let's get started with the listening guide to Chapter 25, Electronic Music in Japan and The Asia-Pacific from my book Electronic and Experimental music.   Playlist: ELECTRONIC MUSIC IN JAPAN AND THE ASIA-PACIFIC   Time Track Time Start Introduction –Thom Holmes 01:32 00:00 1.     Toshiro Mayuzumi, “Les Œuvres Pour La Musique Concrète X, Y, Z” (1953). Early work of tape music. 13:50 01:36 2.     Toru Takemitsu, “Vocalism Ai (Love)” (1956). For magnetic tape (condensed from a 72-hour tape montage. 04:11 15:22 3.     Makoto Moroi and Toshiro Mayuzumi, “Shichi No Variation (7 Variations)” (1956). Tape music for sine wave generators. 14:51 19:32 4.     Toru Takemitsu, “Sky, Horse And Death (Concrete-Music)” (1958). For magnetic tape. 03:28 34:24 5.     Group Ongaku, “Object” (1960). Recorded on May 8, 1960, at Mizuno's house. Performers were Chieko Shiomi, Mikio Tojima, Shukou Mizuno, Takehisa Kosugi, Yasunao Tone, and Yumiko Tanno. 07:34 37:50 6.     Toru Takemitsu, “Water Music” (1960). For magnetic tape. 09:41 45:26 7.     Michiko Toyama, “Aoi No Ue (Princess Hollyhock) (Music Drama for Tape and Narration).” For magnetic tape and reader. 07:05 55:06 8.     Group Ongaku, “Metaplasm Part 2” (1961). Live performance, 1961, at Sogetsu Kaikan Hall, Tokyo. Tadashi Mori (conductor), 09:08 01:02:10 9.     Akira Miyoshi (composer), opening excerpt to Ondine (1961). For orchestra, mixed chorus and electronic sounds. 04:32 01:11:18 10.   Joji Yuasa ‎– “Aoi No Ue” (1961). For voice and tape and based on The Tale of Genji written by Murasaki Shikibu in 11th century. Tape parts realized at NHK Electronic music studio. 29:50 01:15:50 11.   Kuniharu Akiyama, “Noh-Miso” (track 1) (1962). Tape music. Hitomi-Za is an experimental puppet theatre group. They had performed in February 13-17 in 1962 at Sogetsu Kaikan Hall. This program was consisted of three parts, and Joji Yuasa, Kuniharu Akiyama and Naozumi Yamamoto composed background sound for each part. 01:44 01:45:40 12.   Toshi Ichiyanagi, “Parallel Music” (1962). Tape music recorded at NHK Electric Music Studio, Tokyo Japan. 09:12 01:47:22 13.   Kuniharu Akiyam, “Demonstration of Nissei Theater” (excerpt) (1963). “Demonstration of Nissei Theater” composed in 1963 for a public demonstration of the stage machinery of the newly opened Nissei Theatre in Tokyo. 05:15 01:56:36 14.   Toshi Ichiyanagi, “Sound Materials for Tinguely” (1963). “Music For Tinguely” was composed at the studio of Sogetsu Art Center. This rare track comprises sound materials used for that composition. 03:31 02:01:54 15.   Joji Yusa, Tracks 1-4 (1963). Incidental music for NHK Radio, based on Andre Breton's "Nadja". "The actual chart of constellations was played by three players (violin, piano, vibraphone) which was supposed as the music score. And birds' voices, electronic sound, sound generated from inside piano, through music concrete technique and constructed at the NHK Electronic Music Studio." 04:24 02:05:26 16.   Maki Ishii, “Hamon-Ripples (For Chamber Ensemble, Violin And Taped Music)” (1965). Tape piece for violin and chamber orchestra. 10:01 02:09:46 17.   Joji Yuasa, “Icon on the Source Of White Noise” (1967). Tape work using white noise as material and designed for a multi-channel system. In the original version, several sound images of various widths (e.g. three loudspeakers playing simultaneously) moved at different speeds around the audience, who were positioned inside the pentagonal loudspeaker arrangement. 12:13 02:19:44 18.   Makoto Moroi, “Shosanke” (1968). Tape work fusing electronic sounds with those of traditional Japanese instruments. 13:20 02:31:54 19.   Minao Shibata, “Improvisation for Electronic Sounds” (1968). Tape piece for electronic sounds. 09:27 02:45:12 20.   Toshi Ichiyanagi, “Love Blinded Ballad (Enka 1969)” from the Opera "From The Works Of Tadanori Yokoo" (1969). Tape collage. 06:57 02:54:40 21.   Toshi Ichiyanagi, Music for Living Space (1969, Bijutsu Shuppan-Sha), composed for the Electric Faculty of Engineering of Kyoto University. Early Computer Music combined with Gregorian chant for Osaka Expo '70. 08:49 03:01:34 22.   Toshiro Mayuzumi, “Mandara” (1969). Tape piece for electronic sound and voices. 10:22 03:10:24 23.   Takehisa Kosugi,  “Catch-Wave” (Mano Dharma '74)” (1974). “Mano-Dharma '74” is an excerpt from a meta-media solo improvisation performed by Takehisa Kosugi. From his notes: “Sounds speeding on lights, light speeding on sounds music between riddles & solutions. ‘the deaf listen to sounds touching, watching.” 26:32 03:20:42 24.   Yoshi Wada ‎– Earth Horns with Electronic Drone, excerpt, (1974). Electronics by Liz Phillips. Pipehorn players Barbara Stewart, Garrett List, Jim Burton, Yoshi Wada. Composed by, recorded by Yoshi Wada. Recorded at Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, New York, Sunday 2-5pm, February 24, 1974. 10:51 03:47:10 25.   Matsuo Ohno, Takehisa Kosugi, “B.G.M. Parts A-F” (1963). Music and effects later used for Astroboy. 06:59 03:57:48 26.   Joji Yuasa, “My Blue Sky (No. 1)” (1975). Tape parts realized at NHK Electronic music studio. 15:43 04:05:00   Additional opening, closing, and other incidental music by Thom Holmes. My Books/eBooks: Electronic and Experimental Music, sixth edition, Routledge 2020. Also, Sound Art: Concepts and Practices, first edition, Routledge 2022. See my companion blog that I write for the Bob Moog Foundation. For a transcript, please see my blog, Noise and Notations. Original music by Thom Holmes can be found on iTunes and Bandcamp.

A l'occasion de la 12e Nuit de la Photo, le Club 44 accueille le photographe Tadashi Ono. Son travail photographique se veut un questionnement sur l'architecture, l'environnement et l'histoire. L'artificialité des paysages façonnés par l'homme ou encore les rapports de force entre la périphérie urbaine et le centre sont quelques-uns des sujets qui traversent ses séries. Il évoquera notamment le travail critique qu'il mène au Japon sur la transformation du paysage de la région nord-est, dévastée par le tsunami en mars 2011. - Né à Tokyo, Tadashi Ono étudie l'écologie et la botanique à la Shinshu University à Nagano, obtenant une maîtrise en agronomie. Diplômé de l'École nationale supérieure de la photographie d'Arles en 1991, il commence un travail photographique qui interroge la civilisation moderne via l'environnement urbain et naturel. De 2011 à 2017, il dirige la section «Photography-Video» de la Kyoto University of Art and Design, tout en explorant la transformation de Tohoku après le tsunami de 2011 et les espaces publics post-Gezi Park en 2013. Lauréat de la Villa Kujoyama en 2017, il rejoint l'ENSP la même année. Ses œuvres, exposées au MoMA Tokyo, aux Rencontres d'Arles, et à Kyotographie, questionnent l'histoire et la reconstruction des paysages. _ Enregistré au Club 44 le 15 février 2025

On this week's episode, Alex dives into Japan's Lignosat mission from JAXA! LignoSat is a wooden CubeSat launched from the International Space Station on December 13, 2024. LignoSat aims to test wood as a sustainable, thermally insulating alternative to traditional space materials like aluminum and titanium. Previous research by Kyoto University showed wood's resilience to space conditions over 10 months. The mission could reduce orbital debris and environmental impacts of re-entry.  We also recognize the major job changes in the space industry since the start of the year and invite space professionals to network here on Today In Space! Email us at todayinspacepodcast@gmail.com if you're interested in sharing your Space Industry story and promote what you're working on next in an episode of People of Science. Here to give you a voice and to share your experience to an awesome space community! Sources: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2313374120 https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/nov/05/worlds-first-wooden-satellite-launched-into-space https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y3qzd5ql9o https://www.space.com/space-exploration/launches-spacecraft/watch-spacex-launch-3-tons-of-cargo-to-iss-today https://youtu.be/u1NJmz5m7zY?si=V7BXQ_OdYhRaDmC9 https://digital.wpi.edu/concern/student_works/xp68kh975?locale=en Keywords: wooden CubeSat, space material, thermal insulation, sustainably sourced, orbital debris, re-entry safety, space industry changes, job opportunities, material science, environmental impact, space exploration, CubeSat project, space research, wood properties, space innovation Timestamps: 00:00 Lignosat Mission Overview 01:42 Background and Launch Details 02:26 Space Industry Job Transitions  03:26 Why Wood is a Great Space Material 05:54 Environmental Benefits of Wood in Space 10:15 Challenges and Future Prospects 11:30 NEW 3D Printing Blog is up from AG3D!   --------------------------  Here's to building a fantastic future - and continued progress in Space (and humanity)!  Spread Love, Spread Science  Alex G. Orphanos  We'd like to thank our sponsors:  AG3D Printing  Follow us: @todayinspacepod on Instagram/Twitter @todayinspace on TikTok /TodayInSpacePodcast on Facebook  Support the podcast: • Buy a 3D printed gift from our shop - ag3dprinting.etsy.com • Get a free quote on your next 3D printing project at ag3d-printing.com • Donate at todayinspace.net #spacecraft #technology #aerospace #spacetechnology #engineer #stem #artemis #astronaut #spacewalk #crewdragon #falcon9 #elonmusk #starship #superheavybooster #blueorigin #newglenn #rocket #jaredisaacman #nasahistory #spaceshuttle #lignosat #woodinspace #iamgroot #jaxa  

A new study shows that peeing is contagious in chimpanzees, making it “the first study to investigate contagious urination in animals, including humans,” While observing a group of captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), something caught the attention of Ena Onishi, who also studies animal behavior at Kyoto University. “I noticed a tendency for individuals to urinate at the same time,” she says. Guest: Dr. Zanna Clay - Developmental psychologist with expertise in primatology - University of Durnham England Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

At least, it's contagious among a group of captive chimpanzees at the Kumamoto Sanctuary. How do researchers know? A very dedicated grad student at Kyoto University. In the quest for scientific knowledge, Ena Onishi logged over 600 hours in the field! This episode, host Regina G. Barber and special guests Jonathan Lambert and Ari Shapiro get into the nitty gritty of the research and their hypotheses for why this is happening in this episode.Read Jonathan's full reporting about contagious peeing in chimps.Delighted by other scientific discoveries you think we should share with the whole class (the rest of our audience)? Let us know by emailing shortwave@npr.org!Listen to every episode of Short Wave sponsor-free and support our work at NPR by signing up for Short Wave+ at plus.npr.org/shortwave.Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoicesNPR Privacy Policy

京都大などの研究チームは、炭素を素材に用いた磁石を作ることに成功した。 A team including Kyoto University researchers said Thursday that it has taken a major step toward the practical use of a light, low-cost and high-performance carbon magnet not requiring rare earth minerals.

A team including Kyoto University researchers said Thursday that it has taken a major step toward the practical use of a light, low-cost and high-performance carbon magnet not requiring rare earth minerals.

What's the point of understanding money if we don't look at the power relations controlling its distribution? Bill Mitchell, a key figure in the development of modern monetary theory, is back for his twelfth appearance on the podcast, beginning with Episode One, Putting the T in MMT. As a key figure in the development of MMT, Bill articulates how this theory fundamentally challenges conventional economic wisdom by asserting that governments, as currency issuers, are not financially constrained in the same manner as households or businesses. This critical insight dispels the prevailing narrative that insists the government cannot afford to invest in social programs. This forces us to look not only at political choices, but the class power behind those choices. The conversation delves into the dynamics of class conflict, inflation, and the role of private banks in shaping the financial landscape. Economic austerity, rising costs, and stagnant wages force the working class to take on more and more private debt. Bill Mitchell is Professor of Economics and Director of the Centre of Full Employment and Equity (CofFEE) at the University of Newcastle, NSW Australia. He is also the Docent Professor of Global Political Economy at the University of Helsinki, Finland, and Guest International Professor at Kyoto University, Japan. Bill is a professional musician and plays guitar with the Melbourne Reggae-Dub band – Pressure Drop. Follow his work on https://billmitchell.org/blog/

Pascal Lottaz is Associate Professor at Kyoto University's Faculty of Law & HakubiCenter. His research area is Neutrality Studies - the study of neutrality as a concept in international relations, sociology, international law, diplomacy, political science, security, and history. Follow Pascal on X @PlottazPascal's YouTube channel:  https://www.youtube.com/@neutralitystudies (00:00) - Professor Pascal Lattaz's background, early life, and experiences in Japan (14:17) - Neutrality in international relations (20:07) - Ukraine's struggle for neutrality (28:44) - Debating the Ukraine conflict (37:50) - Physics, social sciences, and observer-independent reality (46:13) - The importance of dissent in open societies (47:01) - Russian resilience, NATO, escalation strategies, and potential outcomes (51:43) - European realism and U.S. influence (56:16) - Incentive structures and NATO dynamics (01:04:11) - Japan's strategic position and U.S. alliance (01:13:49) - Potential conflicts and proxy wars in East Asia (01:30:35) - Philippines' strategic dilemma (01:36:26) - Concluding thoughts Music used with permission from Blade Runner Blues Livestream improvisation by State Azure.--Steve Hsu is Professor of Theoretical Physics and of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering at Michigan State University. Previously, he was Senior Vice President for Research and Innovation at MSU and Director of the Institute of Theoretical Science at the University of Oregon. Hsu is a startup founder (SuperFocus, SafeWeb, Genomic Prediction, Othram) and advisor to venture capital and other investment firms. He was educated at Caltech and Berkeley, was a Harvard Junior Fellow, and has held faculty positions at Yale, the University of Oregon, and MSU. Please send any questions or suggestions to manifold1podcast@gmail.com or Steve on X @hsu_steve.

Send us a textExperience a groundbreaking revelation in the world of health as we uncover the true power of the HPV vaccine in reducing cervical cancer mortality rates. Discover how a study from the Medical University of South Carolina showcases a striking 60% decrease in deaths amongst women under 25, thanks to this vital vaccine. The story doesn't end there—dive into the importance of maintaining vaccination rates, tackling misinformation, and expanding these life-saving benefits across broader age groups.Ever wondered if your feline friend could outsmart you? Prepare to be amazed by the intelligence and agility of cats as we explore a Kyoto University study that reveals their ability to use causal reasoning based on sound cues. Through a series of playful experiments with cats like Ginger, we gain insight into their unique understanding of physics and its impact on their hunting prowess. This captivating exploration not only highlights their mental acuity but also brings a touch of humor and warmth to our discussion.Join us as we share personal narratives about the powerful influence of parents on career paths and the deep bonds between humans and their pets. In this episode, hear from Cheyenne Bair as she opens up about her journey in the medical field, offering a glimpse into the challenges and triumphs of medical training.Cheyenne's Links:InstagramBunsen and Beaker Links to support us!Join the Paw Pack!Our Website!www.bunsenbernerbmd.comSign up for our Weekly Newsletter!Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter:Bunsen and Beaker on TikTokSupport the showFor Science, Empathy, and Cuteness!Being Kind is a Superpower.https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Mitinori Saitou from Kyoto University about his work on germ cell development, focusing on proteins like BLIMP1 and PRDM14, reprogramming iPSCs, and his vision to address infertility and genetic disorders through epigenetic insights. To start our discussion, Dr. Saitou shares the foundation of his research, which centers on the mechanisms of germ cell development across various species, including mice, non-human primates, and humans. He provides insight into his early work examining the roles of two key proteins: BLIMP1 and PRDM14. These proteins are essential for germline specification in mammals, and their functions are unveiled through detailed exploration of knockout models. In particular, Dr. Saitou elucidates the critical events in germ cell specification, highlighting how disruptions to the functions of these proteins lead to significant impairments in development. As the conversation deepens, we discuss Dr. Saitou's groundbreaking advances in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). He elaborates on the processes involved in reprogramming these cells to form primordial germ cell-like cells, emphasizing the significance of understanding various cellular contexts and transcriptional regulation. Dr. Saitou then details how overexpression of certain factors in embryonic stem cells can induce these germline characteristics, presenting the promise of innovation in regenerative medicine and reproductive biology. We end our talk with the exploration of chromatin remodeling that occurs during germ cell development, including fascinating details about DNA and histone modification dynamics. Dr. Saitou articulates how the epigenetic landscape shifts during the transition from pluripotent states to germ cell specification, providing a detailed comparison between mouse and human systems. This highlights the complexity of gene regulation and the importance of specific epigenetic markers in establishing and maintaining cellular identity.   References Yamaji, M., Seki, Y., Kurimoto, K. et al. Critical function of Prdm14 for the establishment of the germ cell lineage in mice. Nat Genet 40, 1016–1022 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.186 Katsuhiko Hayashi et al., Offspring from Oocytes Derived from in Vitro Primordial Germ Cell–like Cells in Mice. Science 338, 971-975 (2012). DOI: 10.1126/science.1226889 Nakaki, F., Hayashi, K., Ohta, H. et al. Induction of mouse germ-cell fate by transcription factors in vitro. Nature 501, 222–226 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12417 Nakamura, T., Okamoto, I., Sasaki, K. et al. A developmental coordinate of pluripotency among mice, monkeys and humans. Nature 537, 57–62 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19096 Murase, Y., Yokogawa, R., Yabuta, Y. et al. In vitro reconstitution of epigenetic reprogramming in the human germ line. Nature 631, 170–178 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07526-6   Contact Epigenetics Podcast on X Epigenetics Podcast on Instagram Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Epigenetics Podcast on Threads Active Motif on X Active Motif on LinkedIn Email: podcast@activemotif.com

How to Understand Your Dog Better. It looks like dog owners have scientific evidence to prove that their pets are the smartest and most perceptive and can even help them single out bad people. Their list of superpowers makes dog people proud: they can sense fear, read body language, and even smell cancer to find it at an early stage and warn of upcoming epileptic seizures. #dogbehavior #understanddog #dogbreeds TIMESTAMPS Dogs can recognize a bad person. 0:50 They feel how other people treat their owners. 2:21 Dogs can read our body language and emotions. 3:22 They can sense fear. 4:05 Dogs can smell cancer. 5:52 They can warn of upcoming epileptic seizures and diabetic shock. 6:59 Music: https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/... SUMMARY -An experiment led by Dr. Akiko Takaoka from the Department of Psychology at Japan's Kyoto University concluded that dogs refuse to trust a person who lied to it. Dogs did not follow a pointing hand that led them to an empty container. -In an experiment, dogs wouldn't take a treat from the people who'd been mean or disrespectful toward their owners. In fact, besides distrusting them, they flat-out ignored these meanies. -With enough training and treats for a job well-done, dogs are able to tell the happy faces from the sad ones, even with human faces they didn't come across during their training. -In a study of 694 people, the scientists found a link between a person's emotional state and their likelihood of getting bitten. Emotionally stable and confident people don't get bitten nearly as often as those who feel anxious around intimidating dogs. -Lots of dog owners have reported that their pets paid particular attention to their body part affected by cancer. -Dogs' super noses can sense the rapid changes in blood sugar levels since they change the smell of an affected person's breath and skin. Subscribe to Bright Side : https://goo.gl/rQTJZz ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook:   / brightside   Instagram:   / brightgram   5-Minute Crafts Youtube: https://www.goo.gl/8JVmuC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

…where we talk all things math bio at the annual meeting. Science isn't complete until it's communicated, and what better place to do this than a scientific conference. This year, more than a thousand scientists were lucky enough to attend the SMB meeting in Seoul in Korea. This special episode gives a brief preview of some of the exciting research being done, as well as the people doing the work. Join us to hear from: Fred Adler - Professor at the University of Utah, Utah, US Kit Gallagher - Doctoral student at the University of Oxford, US & Moffitt Cancer Center, Florida, US Megan Greischer - Assistant Professor at Cornell University, New York, US Jona Kayser - Group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Physics and Medicine, Erlangen, Germany Bo-Moon Kim - Doctoral student at Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Breanne Sparta - Postdoctoral Researcher at UCLA, Los Angeles, US Rossana Vermiglio - Full professor at the University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Find out more about SMB on: The website: smb.org Twitter: @smb_mathbiology Facebook: @smb.org Linkedin: @smb_mathbiology The Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

It's been a long time since we've released an episode but we're grateful to share this one with you, featuring Professor Gerry Yokota (@gerryyokota), Professor Emerita of English and Contemporary Interdisciplinary Cultural Studies at Osaka University. Gerry shares about her experience organizing a Gaza Ceasefire Pilgrimage in Osaka in April, her commitment to nonviolence as a Quaker, and more. Mentioned in the interview: Make a donation to the Gaza Ceasefire Pilgrimage GoFundMe: https://www.gofundme.com/f/gaza-ceasefire-piligrimage-in-osakaMake a donation to Gerry's Just Joy Postcard Project and receive digital images of the artwork in her note of thanks: https://pcrf1.app.neoncrm.com/np/clients/pcrf1/campaign.jsp?campaign=342&fundraiser=809493& Read the PDF “Global Transformation of Christian Zionism” edited by Yoshihiro Yakushige, from the International Conference on Global Transformation of Christian Zionism held at Kyoto University, 2022: https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/274116/1/gtcz.pdfSupport the BDS movement. Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) is a Palestinian-led movement for freedom, justice and equality. BDS upholds the simple principle that Palestinians are entitled to the same rights as the rest of humanity. Learn more here: https://bdsmovement.net/what-is-bds This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit radicalhealingpod.substack.com

人工多能性幹細胞を使った血小板の大量製造に取り組んでいる京都大ｉＰＳ細胞研究所などの研究グループが、従来の５倍超の製造能力を持つ新たな培養装置を設計したと発表した。 A team including Kyoto University researchers has developed equipment capable of producing five times more platelets derived from induced pluripotent stem, or iPS, cells than existing apparatus.

京都大学百周年時計台記念館、京都市左京区三井住友フィナンシャルグループは６日、京都大学に産学連携の拠点「ＳＭＢＣ京大スタジオ」を７月に開設すると発表した。 Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group Inc. said Thursday it will set up a joint research foothold at Kyoto University in July to find solutions on social issues.

Today's special Leap Year guest is World War II social historian and oral history advocate G. Kurt Piehler. Kurt is the Director of the Institute on World War II and the Human Experience at Florida State University. He has held academic appointments at the City University of New York and Drew University, and was the founding director of the Rutgers Oral History Archives and served as Director of the Center for the Study of War and Society at the University of Tennessee. He was a Fulbright Lecturer in American Studies at Kobe University and Kyoto University and served as a National Historical Publications and Records Commission Fellow in Historical Editing at the Peale Family Papers in the Smithsonian Institution's National Portrait Gallery (that's a mouthful!). Kurt earned his BA in History at Drew University before taking an MA and PhD at Rutgers. Kurt is the author of A Religious History of the American GI in World War II (Nebraska), Remembering War the American Way (Smithsonian Institution Press) and World War II (Greenwood), which is part of the American Soldiers' Lives series. He edited the Encyclopedia of Military Science (2013) and The United States in World War II: A Documentary Reader (Wiley-Blackwell). He has co-edited at least five volumes, including the Oxford Handbook of World War II. Kurt is the series editor of Fordham University Press' World War II: The Global, Human, Ethical Dimension series and the Legacies of War series at the University of Tennessee Press. He is on the advisory board of the NEH-funded American Soldier Project at Virginia Tech University (Shoutout to GFOP Ed Gitre!) and a member of the editorial board of the Service Newspapers of World War II digital publication. Kurt is an active member of the Society for Military History, and he organized the 2003 annual meeting in Knoxville, Tennessee, and the 2017 conference in Jacksonville, Florida (seriously, he did that TWICE!). Join us for a fun and fascinating chat with the very affable Kurt Piehler. We'll talk fun shirts, Fresh Meadows, congressional internships, Pink Martini, oral history and veterans' stories, and John le Carré novels, among many other topics. This is a good one (as they all are!)! Special Discount for our listeners from the University Press of Kansas - 30% off any book purchase! Use discount code 24MILPEOPLE at the ⁠UPK website⁠! Rec.: 02/29/2024

If you have finished your law degree but are not sure if you want to work as a “lawyer”, you might consider going to an in-house role such as Tomoko Konishi has done. Tomoko has had a truly varied career so far and is now working in corporate governance. With a law degree you really are able to serve society from all kinds of angles, this time Tomoko is doing it her own way, listen to hear more! If you enjoyed this episode and it inspired you in some way, we'd love to hear about it and know your biggest takeaway. Head over to Apple Podcasts to leave a review and we'd love it if you would leave us a message here! In this episode you'll hear: Tomoko's choice to join an organisation in crisis The wide scope of experiences Tomoko was able to have as part of the corporate planning team Her boss's words of encouragement to her when she returned from maternity leave and how that helped her Her favourite book and other fun facts  About Tomoko Tomoko is General Manager of Corporate Legal Unit in the legal group at JERA. She has worked her entire career inside companies, first with Bridgestone and now in the JERA team. Tomoko graduated from the Kyoto University, Faculty of Law and joined Bridgestone Corporation in 2003 and moved to JERA in 2021. Tomoko is the mother of two children and an American Cocker Spaniel Connect with Tomoko  LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tomoko-konishi-a3b5a439/  Links Yakitori “Isehiro”: https://www.newotani.co.jp/en/tokyo/restaurant/isehiro/  Dopamine Nation by Anna Lembke: https://amzn.asia/d/gf3FXlN  Connect with Catherine  Linked In https://www.linkedin.com/in/oconnellcatherine/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lawyeronair YouTube: https://youtube.com/@lawyeronair 

Mari Hiraizumi is a trailblazer in Japan. Not only is she the General Counsel and Executive Director for her organisation, but has been able to take on another external board role at the same time. This is truly groundbreaking with this trio of roles! If you are an in-house legal counsel and you are aiming for a board role at another company and wondering how to do that, then this is the episode for you. In this episode you'll hear: How Mari was able to get her university degree when her family wanted her to be a housewife Noticing the opportunity for studying abroad and working at MOFA How Mari was able to get an additional board role as an in-house lawyer  Her favourite phrase and other fun facts  About Mari Mari Hiraizumi is the General Counsel, Head of Legal, and Executive Director ("Torishimariyaku") for GSK, a UK-based global pharmaceutical company, in Japan. Mari holds an LL.B. from Kyoto University (1997) and an LL.M. from New York University (2003). She is a licensed attorney admitted to practice in Japan (since 1999) and also in New York, USA (since 2004). Mari began her professional career in 1999 as an associate attorney at Osaka International Law Offices. In 2002, she moved to the U.S. to study at NYU Law School. After obtaining her LL.M. from NYU, she worked for Porter, Wright, Morris & Arthur, an Ohio-based law firm, as a foreign attorney for one year, providing support to Japanese car manufacturers and suppliers in the U.S. Midwest area. Upon returning to Japan, Mari became a Deputy Director at the Social and Economic Treaties Division, International Legal Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where she supported free trade agreements with countries including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Chile. This experience sparked her interest in working as an in-house lawyer rather than at a law firm. In 2007, Mari transitioned to an in-house attorney role at Bayer in Japan, where she made significant contributions to developing the company's legal function. In 2019, she joined GSK, and in 2020, she became an Executive Director ("Torishimariyaku"). Since March 2022, Mari has also taken on the role as an external board member (“Torishimariyaku”) of a Japanese manufacturing corporation, Showa Aircraft Industry Co., Ltd. By doing so, she aims to be a role model for Japanese in-house counsels and contribute to multiple companies concurrently, highlighting the benefits for both companies and in-house lawyers themselves. Mari is deeply committed to promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion (DE&I). During her time at Bayer and Boehringer Ingelheim, she led D&I projects. Currently at GSK, she sponsors the Employee Resource Group called "SPECTRUM Japan" and supports the group in engaging in joint activities with other companies in the industry to drive change in the medical industry. In 2021, Mari was recognized for her achievements, winning the ALB Japan Law Awards as the Woman Lawyer of the Year (In-House category). This year, she received two awards at the ALB Japan Law Awards, namely, In-house Lawyer of the Year and Woman Lawyer of the Year (In-House category). Additionally, she was listed in the GC Powerlist Japan chapter in July, a Legal 500 publication that highlights the most influential in-house lawyers and legal teams in the local legal industry. Outside of work, Mari enjoys traveling, running, hiking, and visiting hot springs (onsen). To date, she has traveled to more than 50 countries. In 2021, she obtained certification as an "Onsen Sommelier" from the Onsen Sommelier Association, a private organization. She also has a fondness for ramen noodles and other affordable yet delicious local foods. Connect with Mari  LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mari-hiraizumi-7557345/  Links Momotenashiya Shinbashi: https://www.torioka.com/eat/  Funao Winery, Okayama https://www.funaowinery.com/  Die with Zero, https://amzn.asia/d/5clkY1E 

关注公众号【Albert英语研习社】，0元报名《周一到周六 英语思维风暴营》直播大课，Albert带你巧用英语思维，轻松突破听说读写译。 In most colleges around the world, the dress code for one's commencement includes formal attire and black robes. However, not every collegegoer wants their special day to be gloomy and dull. Students at Kyoto University have thought out of the box and gone their own way. They have brought out their most over-the-top, creative costumes to celebrate their years of arduous work. After all, they've been studying hard and deserve to let off some steam, whether dressing up as manga characters or cosplaying their favorite superhero or snack. 主播：周邦琴Albert●没有名牌大学背景，没有英语专业背景●没有国外留学经历，没有英语生活环境●22岁成为500强公司全球员工英文讲师●24岁自学成为同声传译●25岁为瑞士联邦总统翻译

Jason Hsu is the founder and chairman of Rayliant Global Advisors. Throughout his accomplished career, Jason's commitment to academic rigor and investor advocacy have led him to research, develop, and bring to market investment strategies that create significant value for investors. At Rayliant, Jason is continuing that commitment by educating investors and offering products to transform the investment ecosystem in Asia and beyond. Prior to his current role, Jason was the co-founder and vice chairman of Research Affiliates.Jason is at the forefront of the smart beta revolution and is one the world's most recognized thought leaders in that space. Building on his pioneering work on the RAFI Fundamental Index™ approach to investing with Rob Arnott in 2005, he has published numerous articles on the topic, notably his articles “A Survey of Alternative Equity Index Strategies,” which won a 2011 Graham and Dodd Scroll Award and the Readers' Choice Award from CFA Institute; and “The Surprising Alpha from Malkiel's Monkey and Upside-Down Strategies,” which won the 2013 Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy Award for Outstanding Paper in the Journal of Portfolio Management. In 2015, Jason received the Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy Outstanding Article Award for “A Study of Low-Volatility Portfolio Construction Methods” published in the Journal of Portfolio Management. He has twice received the William F. Sharpe Award for Best New Index Research (2005 and 2013), which is awarded by Institutional Investor Journals.Jason is a member of the board of directors at the Anderson School of Management at UCLA, as well as a professor in finance. For his service to UCLA's Anderson School, he received the 2009 Outstanding Service Award. He has also held visiting professorships at Tsinghua University, Kyoto University and Taiwan National Chengchi University.The information presented in this podcast or available on the website is not intended as and shall not be construed as financial advice. This podcast is produced for entertainment value. Investing is inherently risky. And I encourage you to seek financial advice from a professional who is aware of the facts and circumstances of your individual situation.

Today's show opens with a comment from Donald Trump after being arrested, his mugshot taken and posting a cash bond for release. It's a sad day for our country and the rest of the world is both laughing at us and shaking their heads. Yet it seems, in the wake of the mugshot being released, the desired effect by these petulant and lawless collaborators seems to be exactly the opposite. To understand how nefarious these events are, we need to look back at recent history in Georgia – first by just a few months, then a few years. In May of 2023, while is went mostly unnoticed, a major victory was had in a Georgia Court of Appeals. While two initial lawsuits were struck down for lack of standing, thanks to an unrelated ruling by the GA Supreme Court saying an individual can have standing on public matters, the case of Favorito v. Wan and Jeffords v. Fulton County can now move forward. There is another sticking point. The judge that oversaw the big Fani Willis indictments out the Fulton County Grand jury is the judge who is supposed to hear the case. He has not. Judge McBurney has even received a motion to recuse because of his obvious bias and he has been sitting on it in an obvious move to stonewall the case. But, at some point, a forensic audit of the ballots in Fulton County will have to come to light. I then remind the audience about an investigation in December of 2020 where over 1,700 Georgians were singled out for illegally casting two ballots, but nothing was ever done. In fact, their votes were never canceled out, according to state election officials. Now let's look at the reason Fani Willis started her investigation. Remember the phone call Trump had with GA Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger where he supposedly demanded they find 11,800 votes? How many remember that being a lie? Raffensperger and his aide, Jordan Fuchs, saying that's what Trump said, but didn't have a recording? How many remember that very recording being found two months later in the recycle bin of a laptop? Turns out, all news entities that reported the demand to find votes had to print a retraction. But it was small and most of you might not even have known they ever did. You know who else acts like she didn't know it was a lie? Fani Willis. Her entire case is built upon the fabricated story. What's worse, Raffesperger had a meeting two weeks before the call with Catherine Engelbrecht, Founder of True the Vote. They both agreed there were at least 67,000 people who voted who were ineligible to cast a ballot. He knew that before the Trump call and then said Trump was fooling himself into thinking there was enough fraud to overcome the 11,799 margin by which Biden won the state. It's disgusting and infuriating! Investigative reporter Natalie Winters found out Fani Willis's campaign director became Joe Biden's coordinated campaign director for Georgia in 2020 and he had vowed to “take down Trump” as far back as 2017. Rep. Jim Jordan (R-OH) issued a letter to Fani Willis regarding the indicment, indicating Congress was going to be investigating it. Even Tulsi Gabbard commented how Democrats are not looking out for the interests of our country or our democracy. Washington Post columnist Henry Olsen suddenly changed his tune and thinks Joe and Hunter Biden need to be investigated. What's going on there? The Leftist rag dedicated to being one of the loudest propagandists of the Left is printing stories about the need for a focused look at the alleged illegal activity? At the same time, the FDA is trying to convince us there is no need for clinical trial for any annual Covid boosters, regardless of how they have been altered. They liken it to the annual flu shot. However, Dr. Vinay Prasad points out that there must be clinical trials and even the annual flu vaccine goes through randomized control testing. And, on the subject of the vaxx, the CDC admits that the variant BA.2.86, dubbed “Pirola”, may be causing increased infection among those who have received the Covid vaccine. Of course, this audience has know about the vaccine's negative efficacy for a long time. To add to this, in Japan, Dr. Masanori Fukushima, Professor Emeritus at Kyoto University went off on the government of Japan for hiding the negative effects and lying to the people. His observations track with everything I've been telling you for months and months. Finally, a Lahaina resident tells Joe Biden to get lost, though she uses more colorful language. The Democrats may be losing the blue state of Hawaii if she represents the current views of the rest of the citizenry at the failure of government to do it's job and protect the people. They may have to get busy stuffing more ballots and rigging more elections if they start to lose their base like this. Take a moment to rate and review the show and then share the episode on social media. You can find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, GETTR and TRUTH Social by searching for The Alan Sanders Show. You can also support the show by visiting my Patreon page!

Kōbun Otogawa (乙川 弘文, Otogawa Kōbun) (February 1, 1938 – July 26, 2002) was an American Sōtō Zen priest. Otogawa, who preferred to be called by his first name, rather than by either of the Japanese Zen honorifics: sensei (teacher) or roshi (master), came to San Francisco, California, United States, from Japan in 1967 in response to an invitation from Shunryu Suzuki-roshi, serving as his assistant at Tassajara Zen Mountain Center until 1970. Otogawa was the son of a Sōtō Zen priest and was ordained a priest himself at the age of 12. He did undergraduate studies at Komazawa University and received a master's degree in Mahayana Buddhism from Kyoto University. He then trained for three years at Eiheiji. Among his primary teachers was the unconventional Zen master Kodo Sawaki, known as the last of the unsui, or wandering monks.

In the 1970s and early 1980s, when Shinobu Kitayama was studying psychology at Kyoto University, Cognitive Dissonance Theory and Attribution Theory were “really hot topics” that he found “intellectually interesting” ways of describing human behavior. “But when I came here [to the University of Michigan] and looked at my graduate students, colleagues, and friends, I realized that those ideas are really active elements of their mind in a way they were not to me as Japanese individual.” He continues, “obviously there are many cultural shocks – for example, I felt hesitant in speaking up in graduate seminar, but I got the impression that American friends end up saying a lot of things seemingly without thinking anything. That's the kind of experience that made me feel that something more profound might be going on in terms of culture and its influence on psychological processes.” His own perch, he explains in this Social Science Bites podcast, helped focus his personal research into comparing people from East Asia, such as Japan, China, and the Philippines, with people in America. His research ranges from simple exercises involving redrawing a line within a box to brain-scanning technology (“culture gets under the skin,” he jokes before adding, “I find neuroscience indispensable”) and examinations of subsistence agriculture. The Robert B. Zajonc Collegiate Professor of Psychology at Michigan since 2011 now runs the Culture & Cognition Lab at the school's Psychology Department. He starts his conversation with interviewer David Edmonds offering a description of a prominent cultural difference between East Asia and  Anglo-America - the idea of ‘independence' and ‘interdependence.' “In some cultures, particularly in Western traditions, ‘self' is believed to be the independent entity that is composed of internal attributes, maybe your attitudes, maybe your personality traits and aspirations, which guide your behavior. Social relationships come out of those individual preferences. “In many other cultures, the conception of the person is much more social and relational. There's a fundamental belief that humans are humans because they are connected to formal social relationships.” Kitayama offers some examples of these differences. “Americans tend to believe that what you hear somebody say must be what this person believes. If somebody says ‘yes,' he must mean yes. But in many countries, ‘yes' and ‘no' carry very different meanings, depending on the context.” While someone from, say, the West may realize this on an intellectual level, in practice they often forget and assume a yes, means, well, yes. “We found this fundamental attribution error,” he concludes, “is much less, and often even nonexistent, in East Asian, and particularly Japanese, contexts.” Or take happiness. “Oftentimes, we believe that happiness is happiness. If Americans are happy, it must be in the way that Japanese are happy. We try to challenge this conception to see what people might mean when they claim they are happy. One easy way to do this is to ask people to write down what they mean by happiness, reasons for happiness, conditions in which happiness happens. Core elements of happiness, like elation, relaxation, feeling of excitement, are fairly common between U.S. and Japan.” But what leads to those states are quite different, with Japanese respondents often citing social harmony while Americans cite personal achievement. In the interview, Kitayama touches on why these differences might have arisen, including one idea that the cultivation of mainstay grains across thousands of years helped create the conditions that led to the cultural traits. The Asian staple of rice, for example, requires a more collective effort – “tight social coordination,” as Kitayama puts it -- to raise and harvest. Meanwhile, the Western staple of wheat requires less collaboration. These underlying agrarian requirements for supremely important foodstuffs may in turn, he says, “promote very different ideologies and social structures and institutions which then lay the ground for contemporary culture.” Kitayama has published widely in English and in Japanese and served as editor of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: Attitudes and Social Cognition and the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. He was a fellow of the Center for Advanced Studies of Behavioral Science at Stanford in 1995 and in 2007, a Guggenheim Fellow in 2010, inducted as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2012, and served as president of the Association for Psychological Science in 2020.

Mami Hino was enjoying her career in pharmaceuticals until it was made clear that she would need to leave the company after marrying someone from the same industry but a different company. This set Mami on a path to retrain as a patent lawyer, learn English to be able to study in the US to get to where she is today. It's an astounding story of turning unfortunate circumstances into opportunities.  If you enjoyed this episode and it inspired you in some way, we'd love to hear about it and know your biggest takeaway. Head over to Apple Podcasts to leave a review and we'd love it if you would leave us a message here! In this episode you'll hear: How Mami started her career in pharmaceuticals and transitioned into being a patent attorney How she overcame her English language struggles to study law in the US What happened on 9/11 when Mami was working in Midtown New York City. The struggle of finding a way to improve on DEI in Japan Her favourite sushi restaurant and other fun facts  About Mami Mami Hino is a partner of Abe Ikubo & Katayama, a Japanese Patent Attorney and admitted to practice in New York. Mami has represented the world's leading technology companies for many years in disputes, litigation and transactions. Her practice is focused on invalidity trials and resultant IP High Court appeals, cross-border infringement litigation, strategic patent prosecution, client counselling, and opinions.  Mami is also a registered pharmacist. It is due to her background as a registered pharmacist that Mami has built extensive experience representing innovative pharmaceutical companies to protect their patents, including by filing patent term extension applications, defending patents in invalidity trials and IP High Court appeals, and filing preliminary injunction requests and/or patent infringement suits against generic drug companies.  Mami had to quit her previous company due to marriage with her husband and then went on to obtain her JD and became a U.S. attorney.   Mami obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in pharmaceutical sciences from Kyoto University and a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law. She is the first chairperson of the diversity committee of Japan Patent Attorney Association. Connect with Mami LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mami-hino-3b1379/  Links Aux Bacchanales: https://www.auxbacchanales.com/shops/#kioicho 　 Suzu Sushi restaurant: https://tabelog.com/tokyo/A1309/A130903/13046817/　 Hakone Honbako: https://hakonehonbako.com/  Connect with Catherine  Linked In https://www.linkedin.com/in/oconnellcatherine/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lawyeronair Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/catherine.oconnell.148 Twitter: https://twitter.com/oconnelllawyer  YouTube: https://youtube.com/@lawyeronair 

https://spacescoop.org/en/scoops/2308/a-supernova-coming-back-to-life/ For only the second time, astronomers saw a supernova light up again. Strange, since the brightness of supernovae fades away in a couple months. An international team of researchers from Kyoto University and Osaka University were looking at SN 2018ivc using the ALMA Observatory, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array in  Chile, and found something unusual.   - By the way, the SN in SN2018ivc stands for supernova.  SN 2018ivc, located in the galaxy M77, appeared to dim 200 days after the initial explosion and began to light up again 800 days later. - Also by the way, the M in M77 stands for Messier.    We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

**After the episode, visit our “Extras” page where you'll find links to Bill Mitchell's blog, books, MMT education course, and more. Every episode of this podcast is also accompanied by a full transcript. realprogressives.org/macro-n-cheese-podcast/**Usually when Steve and his guests talk about culture, they're referring to that of neoliberalism. As Scott Ferguson says, neoliberalism isn't just enmeshed in our popular and esthetic culture; it is our culture. “There's no enmeshing; it IS neoliberalism—what in the Marxist tradition we call etiology, the kind of background assumptions and values that structure our innermost thoughts and feelings and desires and, you know, what makes us laugh, what makes us cry, what makes us horny. What makes us, you know... everything.”In today's episode, our dear friend, Bill Mitchell, talks to Steve about Japanese culture, which predates neoliberal culture by eons. Bill has recently taken a fellowship at Kyoto University, giving him and his wife the opportunity to experience the day-to-day life of Japanese society while pursuing his research into their economy.Bill's interest in Japan coincides with the start of his academic career:“As I was entering my first tenured position, Japan had the biggest commercial property collapse in history. It went neoliberal in the late 1980s and had an extraordinary explosion of debt, typically concentrated on commercial property in Tokyo and Nagoya and the big cities. And that collapsed in 1991.”Despite the huge decline in property values, Japan had just one negative quarter of GDP. He had to ask, “How the hell have they been able to avoid a deep recession and get out of this huge property market collapse?” The answer was found in the government's response—providing fiscal support to the economy.“The fiscal deficits went up to 10% or 11% of GDP. And in historical terms, that was huge; that was sort of like wartime shifts in fiscal positions. So that's what started me on my Japanese research agenda and my interest in following Japan. Then I met Warren (Mosler) and we started the MMT project in the mid-90s... And Japan was my laboratory—my real-world laboratory.”Some suggest that the government's fiscal behavior could be explained by the difference in culture. But the way the monetary system works is identical to that of the US or Australia.Throughout the episode, Bill and Steve continue to compare Japanese culture and economic policies with those of their home countries.We at Macro N Cheese are always looking for answers, but often the learning experience is more valuable when we come away with new questions. Throughout this episode, Bill and Steve compare Japan's culture and economic policies with those of their home countries, yet they make no definitive statements about cause and effect.Japan has managed to maintain a high standard of living for its citizens—first-class health care, first-class public education, first-class public transport. Unlike the US, Japan does not see unemployment as the cure for inflation. Bill describes the many service workers in jobs that would make neoliberal bean counters pull out their hair—greeters in stores, parking guides, maintenance workers in Japan's beautiful public spaces. These jobs are not busy work; they improve a community's quality of life. Bill sees Japan as an ideal candidate for a job guarantee.Japan faces vast challenges, yet its monetary and fiscal policies continue to defy the pressured expectations of hedge fund speculators, austerity evangelists and self-styled experts (hello, Paul Krugman!) This demonstrates that mainstream macroeconomics is not knowledge, it is fiction. Only MMT has it right.Bill Mitchell is a Professor in Economics and Director of the...

Videos: Member of The FDA Vax Panel Said “We Are Killing More People Than We Are Saving With The Shots” RFK : The Real Anthony Fauci Clip (1st clip 5:50 – 2nd Clip 4:37) Dr Shoemaker – C19 vaxx – lethal short and long term 10/22/22 (13:00) Clare Daly Latest Top 7 Contributions in the EU. (Start @ 4:32) Neil Oliver: We are expected to forget those promising to fix the disaster caused it (10:28) MASSIVE GLACIER MELTDOWN THREATENS CIVILIZATION | Countdown to Armageddon (7:42) Chlorophyllin shows promise for inflammatory bowel disease Sichuan University (China) & Cedars Sinai Medical Center, October 28 2022.  The August 2022 issue of the American Journal of Physiology Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology reported research which found that supplementation with chlorophyllin suppressed intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).  Chlorophyllin is a water-soluble derivative of chlorophyll, the pigment that gives green plants their color. “Consuming green-colored vegetables or green pigment supplement such as chlorophyllin might help people with inflammatory bowel disease,” senior author Xiaofeng Zheng, PhD, of Sichuan University West China Hospital in Chengdu, China predicted.  Current treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases include immunosuppressant medications and surgery, both of which are associated with potentially serious adverse effects. “The study was designed to determine the effect of safe agents that are easily available to have a beneficial effect in inflammatory bowel disease,” commented report coauthor Stephen J. Pandol, MD, of Cedars Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. The team induced colitis in mice by administering dextran sulfate sodium. They found that supplementing the animals' diets with chlorophyllin or directly administering the compound suppressed intestinal inflammation and downregulated disease-associated autophagy in the intestine.  “What we found in the study was that the agent used, chlorophyllin, would inhibit the inflammation and tissue damage that occurs in an experimental model of colitis,” Dr Pandol commented. “In this case it was in a mouse model. The results were promising in an experimental model, and those can justify a clinical trial.” Curcumin Prodrug Shows Promise As Cancer Treatment Without Toxic Side Effects Kyoto University (Japan), October 30, 2022 Curcumin, the biologically active compound found in turmeric, has shown lots of promise in clinical cancer research. A new study from Kyoto University adds more evidence that supports its use in clinical-care settings. Researchers are developing a curcumin prodrug called TBP1901 that demonstrates anti-tumor effects without adverse toxicities. Curcumin is an appealing compound for oncology researchers, as many current pharmacological treatments lead to significant side effects in patients. Thus far, anecdotal findings report strong efficacy when taken orally among cancer patients. However, until this recent development, curcumin's low bioavailability and instability has put limitations on its clinical use. Kanai and team have maneuvered their way around this by successfully identifying the enzyme GUSB, which may activate curcumin to increase its bioavailability. The enzyme plays a crucial role in TBP1901 conversion to curcumin. However, the research team hypothesized that the conversion wouldn't be observable in mice with genetically-weakened GUSB enzyme. Further, they were able to confirm through analysis with CRISPR-Cas9 screening that curcumin may also have additional specific therapeutic targets. “The high conversion rate of TBP1901 to curcumin in bone marrow warrants its clinical application for diseases growing in the marrow like multiple myeloma and leukemia,” states Kanai. Now that scientists have begun to crack the code with curcumin, the cancer field may start to put things into motion as more targets and enzymatic processes are explained.  Study Reveals How Turmeric Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth University of California Los Angeles, October 23, 2022 Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly forms of cancer around. While treatment is often considered futile in this highly lethal form of cancer, a new study indicates a turmeric extract could provide a reasonable chemotherapy alternative. Research published in the peer-reviewed medical journal Anticancer Research found liposomal curcumin was able to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in vitro and when administered to mice three times a week for four weeks, it was able to suppress tumor growth when compared with control groups. Liposomal curcumin is curcumin delivered by encapsulation in liposomes, or a prepared carrier with a lipd (fat) layer. Because curcumin is fat soluble and is resistant to water solubility, this liposomal vehicle increases its bioavailability, sending it through a barrier in the liver that would normally block it. The study used a dosage of 20 mg/kg of the liposomal curcumin, an amount that would be the equivalent of 1,360 mg for a 150 lb. adult. The study abstract concludes: “These data clearly establish the efficacy of liposomal curcumin in reducing human pancreatic cancer growth in the examined model,” concluded the researchers. “The therapeutic curcumin-based effects, with no limiting side-effects, suggest that liposomal curcumin may be beneficial in patients with pancreatic cancer.” One study published in the journal PLoS One found that curcumin has the power to inhibit the growth of esophageal cancer cell lines, while other research from UCLA actually found curcumin to decrease brain tumor size by a whopping 81%. Fermented foods and fiber may lower stress levels, says new study APC Microbiome Ireland & University College Cork, October 28, 2022 When it comes to dealing with stress, we're often told the best things we can do are exercise, make time for our favorite activities or try meditation or mindfulness. But the kinds of foods we eat may also be an effective way of dealing with stress, according to research published by me and other members of APC Microbiome Ireland. Our latest study, now published in Molecular Psychiatry, has shown that eating more fermented foods and fiber daily for just four weeks had a significant effect on lowering perceived stress levels.  The mechanisms underpinning the effect of diet on mental health are still not fully understood. But one explanation for this link could be via the relationship between our brain and our microbiome (the trillions of bacteria that live in our gut). It means that the emotional and cognitive centers in our brain are closely connected to our gut. To test this, we recruited 45 healthy people with relatively low-fiber diets, aged 18–59 years. More than half were women. The participants were split into two groups and randomly assigned a diet to follow for the four-week duration of the study. Around half were assigned a diet  which would increase the amount of prebiotic and fermented foods they ate. This is known as a “psychobiotic” diet, as it included foods that have been linked to better mental health. They were told they should aim to include 6–8 servings daily of fruits and vegetables high in prebiotic fibers (such as onions, leeks, cabbage, apples, bananas and oats), 5–8 servings of grains per day, and 3–4 servings of legumes per week. They were also told to include 2–3 servings of fermented foods daily (such as sauerkraut, kefir and kombucha). Participants on the control diet only received general dietary advice, based on the healthy eating food pyramid.  Intriguingly, those who followed the psychobiotic diet reported they felt less stressed compared with those who followed the control diet. There was also a direct correlation between how strictly participants followed the diet and their perceived stress levels, with those who ate more psychobiotic foods during the four-week period reporting the greatest reduction in perceived stress levels. Interestingly, the quality of sleep improved in both groups—though those on the psychobiotic diet reported greater improvements in sleep. Other studies have also shown that gut microbes are implicated in sleep processes, which may explain this link.  The psychobiotic diet only caused subtle changes in the composition and function of microbes in the gut. However, we observed significant changes in the level of certain key chemicals produced by these gut microbes. Some of these chemicals have been linked to mental health, which could potentially explain why participants on the diet reported feeling less stressed. Sedentary lifestyle and sugary diet more detrimental to men, study finds University of Missouri, October 27, 2022 A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine is the first evidence in humans that short-term lifestyle changes can disrupt the response to insulin of blood vessels. It's also the first study to show men and women react differently to these changes. Vascular insulin resistance is a feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes that contributes to vascular disease. Researchers examined vascular insulin resistance in 36 young and healthy men and women by exposing them to 10 days of reduced physical activity, cutting their step count from 10,000 to 5,000 steps per day. The participants also increased their sugary beverage intake to six cans of soda per day.  The results showed that only in men did the sedentary lifestyle and high sugar intake cause decreased insulin-stimulated leg blood flow and a drop in a protein called adropin, which regulates insulin sensitivity and is an important biomarker for cardiovascular disease.  “These findings underscore a sex-related difference in the development of vascular insulin resistance induced by adopting a lifestyle high in sugar and low on exercise,” said Manrique-Acevedo.  “To our knowledge, this is the first evidence in humans that vascular insulin resistance can be provoked by short-term adverse lifestyle changes, and it's the first documentation of sex-related differences in the development of vascular insulin resistance in association with changes in adropin levels.”  Spearmint can significantly improve memory, concentration, and brain function St Louis University School of Medicine,  October 25, 2022 Around 64 percent of Americans start their day with a cup of coffee (or several). And, many health article mention that this popular beverage can actually improve memory? But, does it really?  And, is there a healthy alternative? The caffeine in coffee causes a brain release of noradrenaline along with an energy boost and cognitive stimulation. However, this is inevitably followed shortly by a “caffeine crash” as the noradrenaline is depleted. Research is showing there's a more effective alternative to caffeine and it's called spearmint. Long used medicinally for its stimulating and uplifting effects, it can provide a healthier and more reliable energy boost. Even better, spearmint has also been found to improve memory, sharpen concentration and support overall brain health. Research shows spearmint dramatically improves brain function in older individuals The benefits of spearmint are particularly beneficial for cognitive functioning. It offers an enticing combination of relaxation as well as an almost immediate boosting of cognitive function. Two studies confirm and quantify the powers of spearmint's ability to support brain health and boost memory. The study results also showed improvements to concentration, attention span, planning capacity and overall brain functioning. The subjects took memory and cognition tests that assessed their ability to concentrate, pay attention and plan. A single dose of spearmint extract showed significant improvements within the four hours following the dose. At the four hour mark, participants showed a stunning improvement in their memory performance ranging from 46 percent to 121 percent. Planning abilities improved by 39 percent four hours after taking the spearmint extract. Long-term tests after the 30-day study period showed significant overall improvements in all areas. Reasoning abilities improved by 35 percent, and concentration and attention were 125 percent higher. Planning capacity was better by 48 percent. Another spearmint study published in the journal Neurology looked at 90 subjects with an average age of 59. All participants showed age-associated memory impairment at the study outset. Subjects received either 600 mg or 900 mg of spearmint extract daily. They all showed dramatic improvements in spacial working memory as well as their sleep patterns. Other health benefits of spearmint include improved digestion and relief from sore throat, toothache, cramps, arthritis symptoms, headache, fatigue and the common cold.

As we continue to empty the oceans, our species' demand for fish only seems to increase. But what if we could eat all the bluefin tuna and salmon we wanted without having to harm fish and other aquatic animals? That's the vision that companies like Wildtype are working toward. Founded in 2016, this cultivated fish startup has raised $120 million so far and now has 60 employees who are growing real fish meat without the fish. I've enjoyed their product now twice, both pre-pandemic and recently, and enjoyed it both times.  Wild Type salmon that I recently enjoyed while in their San Francisco HQ. Today, Wildtype is building serious cultivation capacity to help turn the tide for the oceans, and in this episode, we discuss the company's origins, the role bird poop played, and what the company's up to today. We even discuss the co-founders' first company idea which they abandoned in favor of Wildtype: a redesigned Neti pot that would've been called The Schnozel. (They never trademarked this, so maybe one day you'll be able to buy that Schnozel of your dreams.) In addition to chatting about whether it's faster and cheaper to grow fish cells compared to mammalian and avian cells, co-founders Justin and Arye open up about what impact it's had on their personal lives to have gone from normal jobs to running their own company. We also talk about the perennial question in this industry: If the FDA gave them approval today, how soon would it be before we see Wildtype fish on restaurant menus? Discussed in this episode Our past episode with BlueNalu New Harvest founder Jason Matheny recently became CEO of the Rand Corporation The 2018 book Clean Meat (still highly relevant!) Bored Cow's great chocolate milk made with Perfect Day's animal-free whey protein More about Justin Kolbeck and Aryé Elfenbein Justin Kolbeck is co-founder and CEO of Wildtype, which is on a mission to create the cleanest, most sustainable seafood on the planet. Before Wildtype, he spent nearly five years as a consultant at Strategy& (not a typo!) helping companies develop and launch products, grow into new markets, and operate efficiently. Justin started his career as a Foreign Service Officer, serving in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Australia, and Washington DC.  He is a graduate of the Yale School of Management, L'Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris, and UC Berkeley. Aryé Elfenbein is co-founder of Wildtype, where he directs the company's scientific research. Aryé completed his MD and PhD at Dartmouth and Kyoto University; he completed his clinical training in internal medicine and cardiology at Yale. Prior to Wildtype, he completed a fellowship in regenerative cardiovascular medicine research at the Gladstone Institutes / UCSF. He currently practices cardiology in the critical care setting.

Hello Passengers! Thanks for listening! Become a First Class Passenger! Get all of the bonuses, support the show and Save The Music Foundation! www.patreon.com/accidentaldads   Units 731 is a hardcore metal band formed in Pittsburgh, PA, in 2005. The band combines death metal, hardcore, and slam to create a heavy and chaotic sound for which Pittsburgh bands are notable. Influences include Dying Fetus, All Out War, Irate, and Built Upon Frustration. Ok, wait… wrong notes. Um… ok, here it is. The Unit 731 we're here to talk about is short for Manshu Detachment 731. It was a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that participated in lethal human experimentation and the production of biological weapons during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and World War II. Unit 731 was based in the Pingfang district of Harbin, the largest city in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. Manchukuo's government was dissolved in 1945 after the surrender of Imperial Japan at the end of World War II. The territories claimed by Manchukuo were first seized in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945 and then formally transferred to the Chinese administration in the following year.  For those of you wondering, "what in the Jim Henson hell is a puppet state," well, according to Wikipedia, a puppet state "is a state that is legally recognized as independent but, in fact, completely dependent upon an outside power and subject to its orders. Puppet states have nominal sovereignty, but a foreign power effectively exercises control through financial interests and economic or military support. The United States also had some puppet states during the Cold War: Cuba (United States), (before 1959) Guatemala (United States), (until 1991) South Korea A.K.A. United States Army Military Government in Korea (United States), (Until 1948) The Republic of Vietnam A.K.A. South Vietnam (United States), (Until 1975) Japan A.K.A. Allied Occupation of Japan (United States), (Until 1952) Some of the most infamous war crimes committed by the Japanese military forces were caused by this Unit. Internally dehumanized and referred to as "logs," humans were regularly used in Unit 731 testing.    Some atrocious experiments included: disease injections, controlled dehydration, hypobaric chamber experiments, biological weapons testing, vivisection, amputation, and weapons testing. Babies, children, and pregnant women were among the victims. Although the victims were from various countries, the majority were Chinese. Additionally, Unit 731 created biological weapons employed in regions of China, including Chinese cities and towns, water supplies, and farms, that were not held by Japanese soldiers.    Up to 500,000 people are thought to have been murdered by Unit 731 and its related activities. It was called "The Kwantung Army's Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department." Unit 731 was first established by the Kenpeitai military police of the Empire of Japan. General Shiro Ishii, a combat medic officer in the Kwantung Army, took control and oversaw the unit until the war's conclusion. Ishii and his crew used the facility, constructed in 1935 to replace the Zhongma Fortress, to increase their capabilities.    Up to the end of the war in 1945, the Japanese government generously supported the initiative. Facilities for the manufacturing, testing, deployment and storage of biological weapons were controlled by Unit 731 and the other units of the Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department. While researchers from Unit 731 detained by Soviet troops were convicted in the Khabarovsk war crime trials in December 1949, those seized by American forces were secretly granted immunity in exchange for the information obtained during their human experimentation.    As if we needed more bullshit to make us question the tactics of the U.S. government, The U.S. quelled the talk of the human experiments and paid the accused of doing it an actual salary. So then, similar to what they did with German researchers during Operation Paperclip, the Americans siphoned and took their knowledge of and expertise with bioweapons for use in their own program for biological warfare. Japan started its biological weapons program in the 1930s, partly because biological weapons were banned by the Geneva Convention of 1925; they reasoned that the ban verified its effectiveness as a weapon.    This begs the question, does this type of government appropriation, paying off and hiring those guilty of explicit acts on humans to use their knowledge to create our own versions of what they committed, considered an act "for the greater good?" Does allowing these turds' immunity to extract their heinous experience worth it?   Japan's occupation of Manchuria began in 1931 after the Japanese invasion. Japan decided to build Unit 731 in Manchuria because the occupation not only gave the Japanese advantage of separating the research station from their island but also gave them access to as many Chinese individuals as they wanted for use as human experimental subjects. They viewed the Chinese as no-cost research subjects and hoped they could use this advantage to lead the world in biological warfare. Most research subjects were Chinese, but many were of different nationalities.    Sound familiar? Maybe a precursor to what a bunch of mind fucked Nazis attempted AND SUCCEEDED IN DOING to so many Jews and Jewish sympathizers?    In 1932, Surgeon General Shirō Ishii, chief medical officer of the Imperial Japanese Army and protégé of Army Minister Sadao Araki, was placed in command of the Army Epidemic Prevention Research Laboratory (AEPRL). Ishii organized a secret research group, the "Tōgō Unit," for chemical and biological experimentation in Manchuria. Ishii proposed the creation of a Japanese biological and chemical research unit in 1930, after a two-year study trip abroad, because Western powers were developing their own programs. Colonel Chikahiko Koizumi, who eventually served as Japan's Health Minister from 1941 to 1945, was one of Ishii's most fierce supporters inside the Army. In 1915, during World War I, Koizumi and other Imperial Japanese Army officers were inspired by the Germans' successful use of chlorine gas at the Second Battle of Ypres (EEPRUH), in which the Allies suffered 5,000 fatalities and 15,000 injuries as a result of the chemical attack. As a result, they joined a covert poison gas research committee. As a result, unit Togo was started in the Zhongma Fortress, a prison/experimentation camp in Beiyinhe, a hamlet on the South Manchuria Railway 100 kilometers (62 miles) south of Harbin.    To start the tests on those in good health, prisoners were often well-fed on a diet of rice or wheat, meat, fish, and perhaps even wine. The inmates were then starved of food and drink and had their blood drained over many days. Finally, it was noted that their health was declining. Shocker.  Some were vivisected as well. For those who don't watch or listen to disturbing documentaries, vivisection is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structures. Others had been purposefully exposed to the plague bacterium and other pathogens. Ishii had to close down Zhongma Fortress due to a jailbreak in the fall of 1934 that jeopardized the facility's secret and an explosion in 1935 that was thought to be sabotage. Then he was given permission to relocate to Pingfang, which is 24 km (15 mi) south of Harbin, to set up a new, much larger facility.  Emperor Hirohito signed a decree in 1936 approving the unit's growth and its incorporation as the Epidemic Prevention Department into the Kwantung Army. It had bases at Hsinking and was split into the "Ishii Unit" and "Wakamatsu Unit." The units were collectively referred to as the "Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army" from August 1940 onward. Hirohito's younger brother, Prince Mikasa, toured the Unit 731 headquarters in China and wrote in his memoir that he watched films showing how Chinese prisoners were "made to march on the plains of Manchuria for poison gas experiments on humans." The decree also mandated the construction of a chemical warfare development unit, the Kwantung Army Technical Testing Department, and a biological warfare development unit, the Kwantung Army Military Horse Epidemic Prevention Workshop (later known as Manchuria Unit 100). (subsequently referred to as Manchuria Unit 516).    Sister chemical and biological warfare organizations known as Epidemic Prevention and Water Supply Units were established in significant Chinese towns during the Japanese invasion of China in 1937. Unit 1855 in Beijing, Unit Ei 1644 in Nanjing, Unit 8604 in Guangzhou, and Unit 9420 in Singapore were among the detachments. Ishii's network, which at its height in 1939 had control over 10,000 people, was made up of all these organizations. In addition, Japanese medical practitioners and academics were drawn to Unit 731 by the opportunity to perform human experiments, which was highly unusual, and the Army's robust financial support.   Experiments   Human subjects were used in studies for a specific project with the codename Maruta. Test subjects were selected from the local populace and were referred to as "logs," as in the phrase "How many logs fell?" Since the facility's official cover story to local authorities was that it was a timber mill, the personnel first used the word as a joke. The initiative was internally known as "Holzklotz," which is German, meaning log, according to a junior uniformed civilian employee of the Imperial Japanese Army working in Unit 731. Nothing like dehumanizing the poor people you're experimenting on.   Another similarity was the cremation of the "sacrificed" participants' corpses. Additionally, Unit 731 researchers published some findings in peer-reviewed publications while posing as non-human primates termed "Manchurian monkeys" or "long-tailed monkeys" to do the research.   According to American historian Sheldon H. Harris:   "The Togo Unit employed gruesome tactics to secure specimens of select body organs. If Ishii or one of his co-workers wished to do research on the human brain, then they would order the guards to find them a useful sample. A prisoner would be taken from his cell. Guards would hold him while another guard would smash the victim's head open with an ax. His brain would be extracted off to the pathologist, and then to the crematorium for the usual disposal."   Nakagawa Yonezo, professor emeritus at Osaka University, studied at Kyoto University during the war. While there, he watched footage of human experiments and executions from Unit 731. He later testified about the "playfulness of the experimenters:"   'Some of the experiments had nothing to do with advancing the capability of germ warfare, or of medicine. There is such a thing as professional curiosity: 'What would happen if we did such and such?' What medical purpose was served by performing and studying beheadings? None at all. That was just playing around. Professional people, too, like to play.""   Prisoners were injected with diseases disguised as vaccinations to study their effects. For example, to analyze the results of untreated venereal diseases, male and female prisoners were deliberately infected with syphilis and gonorrhea, then studied. Prisoners were also repeatedly subjected to rape by guards.   Vivisection Thousands of people held in prisoner of war camps were subjected to vivisection (You all know what that is now. Organizations against animal experimentation generally use the phrase as a derogatory catch-all term for experiments on living animals, whereas practicing scientists seldom ever do. Live organ harvesting and other forms of human vivisection, as we also know, have been used as torture.), which was frequently done without anesthetic and was typically fatal. Okawa Fukumatsu, a former member of Unit 731, said in a video interview that he had vivisected a pregnant woman. Prisoners were infected with numerous illnesses before having their bodies vivisected. Invasive surgery was conducted on inmates to remove organs and learn how the condition affects the human body.   Inmates' limbs were severed so researchers could monitor blood loss. Sometimes the victims' corpses' severed limbs were reattached to their opposite sides. In addition, some convicts had surgical procedures to remove their stomachs and reconnect their esophagus to their intestines. Others had parts of their organs removed, including the brain, the liver, and the lungs. According to Imperial Japanese Army physician Ken Yuasa, at least 1,000 Japanese soldiers participated in vivisection on humans in mainland China, suggesting that the practice was commonly done outside Unit 731.   Biological warfare   Throughout World War II, Unit 731 and its related units—including Unit 1644 and Unit 100—were engaged in the study, production, and experimental use of epidemic-producing biowarfare weapons in attacks against the Chinese population (both military and civilian). For example, in 1940 and 1941, low-flying aircraft carried plague-carrying fleas over Chinese towns, notably coastal Ningbo and Changde, in the Hunan Province. These fleas were produced in the labs of Unit 731 and Unit 1644.   With bubonic plague epidemics, these flea bombs claimed tens of thousands of lives. During an expedition to Nanjing, typhoid and paratyphoid virus were dispersed into water supplies across the city's wells, marshes, and residences and infused into snacks served to inhabitants. Soon after, epidemics spread to the joy of many scientists, who concluded that paratyphoid fever was "the most effective" of the diseases.   At least 12 large-scale bioweapon field tests were conducted, and biological weapons were used to target 11 Chinese cities. According to reports, a 1941 raid on Changde resulted in some 10,000 biological injuries and 1,700 deaths among poorly equipped Japanese soldiers, most of which died of cholera. In addition, Japanese researchers conducted experiments on inmates suffering from cholera, smallpox, bubonic plague, and other illnesses. The defoliation bacilli bomb and the flea bomb, which were used to spread the bubonic plague, were developed as a result of this study. Ishii presented the concept of designing some of these bombs using porcelain shells in 1938.   These bombs allowed Japanese forces to launch biological strikes, infecting crops, water supplies, and other places with cholera, typhoid, anthrax, and other deadly illnesses via fleas. Researchers would study the victims dying during biological bomb trials while protected by protective suits. Aircraft would deliver contaminated food and clothes into parts of China that were not under Japanese control. Additionally, innocent people received candies and food that had been tainted.   On several targets, bombs containing plague fleas, contaminated clothes, and infected goods were dropped upon the unsuspecting citizens. As a result, at least 400,000 Chinese citizens were killed due to cholera, anthrax, and plague. Also tested on Chinese citizens was tularemia, Also known as rabbit fever or deer fly fever, which typically attacks the skin, eyes, lymph nodes, and lungs.   Chiang Kai-shek dispatched military and international medical specialists delegation to document the evidence and treat the sick in November 1941 in response to pressure from various stories of the biowarfare assaults. However, the Allied Powers did not respond to a report on the Japanese deployment of plague-infected fleas on Changde until Franklin D. Roosevelt issued a public warning in 1943 denouncing the attacks. The announcement was made publicly available the following year.   Obviously, this is ridiculous and inhumane, but it couldn't be used on us here in the U.S. of "Don't Tread On Me" A, right?   Well, hold on to your stars and stripes because during the final months of World War II, codenamed "Cherry Blossoms at Night," Unit 731 planned to use kamikaze pilots to infest San Diego, California, with the plague. The plan was scheduled to launch on September 22, 1945, but Japan surrendered five weeks earlier. So yep, if the United States had not dropped Fat Man and Little Boy on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there could have been a man-made plague set upon the west coast.   Weapons testing Human targets were used to test grenades positioned at various distances and positions. Flamethrowers were also tested on people. Victims were also tied to stakes and used as targets to test pathogen-releasing bombs, chemical weapons, shrapnel bombs with varying amounts of fragments, explosive bombs, and bayonets and knives.   To determine the best course of treatment for varying degrees of shrapnel wounds sustained on the field by Japanese Soldiers, Chinese prisoners were exposed to direct bomb blasts. They were strapped, unprotected, to wooden planks staked into the ground at increasing distances around a bomb that was then detonated. After that, it was surgery for most and autopsies for the rest.   This info was taken from the documentary — Unit 731, Nightmare in Manchuria   Other experiments   In other diplorable tests, subjects were deprived of food and water to determine the length of time until death. They would then be placed into low-pressure chambers until their eyes popped from the sockets. Next, victims were tested to determine the relationship between temperature, burns, and human survival. Next, they were hung upside down until death; crushed with heavy objects; electrocuted; dehydrated with hot fans, placed into centrifuges, and spun until they died. People were also injected with animal blood, notably horse blood; exposed to lethal doses of X-rays; subjected to various chemical weapons inside gas chambers; injected with seawater; and burned or buried alive.   The Unit also looked at the characteristics of several other poisons and chemical agents. Prisoners were subjected to substances like tetrodotoxin (the venom of pufferfish or fugu), heroin, Korean bindweed, bactal, and castor-oil seeds, to mention a few (ricin). In addition, according to former Unit 731 vivisectionist Okawa Fukumatsu, large volumes of blood were removed from some detainees to research the consequences of blood loss. At least half a liter of blood was taken in one instance at intervals of two to three days.    The human body only contains 5 liters.   As we mentioned, dehydration experiments were performed on the victims. These tests aimed to determine the amount of water in an individual's body and how long one could survive with little to no water intake. Victims were also starved before these tests began. The deteriorating physical states of these victims were documented by staff at periodic intervals.   "It was said that a small number of these poor men, women, and children who became marutas were also mummified alive in total dehydration experiments. They sweated themselves to death under the heat of several hot dry fans. At death, the corpses would only weigh ≈1/5 normal bodyweight."   — Hal Gold, Japan's Infamous Unit 731, (2019)   Unit 731 also performed transfusion experiments with different blood types. For example, unit member Naeo Ikeda wrote:   In my experience, when 100 cc A type blood was transfused to an O-type subject, whose pulse was 87 per minute and temperature was 35.4 degrees C, 30 minutes later, their temperature rose to 38.6 degrees with slight trepidation. Sixty minutes later, their pulse was 106 per minute, and the temperature was 39.4 degrees. The temperature was 37.7 degrees two hours later, and the subject recovered three hours later. When 120 cc of AB-type blood was transfused to an O-type subject, an hour after the subject described malaise and psychroesthesia (feeling cold) in both legs. When 100 cc of A.B. type blood was transfused to a B-type subject, there seemed to be no side effects.   Taken from— "Man, Medicine, and the State: The Human Body as an Object of Government Sponsored Medical Research in the 20th Century" (2006) pp. 38–39 Unit 731 tested a slew of chemical agents on prisoners and had a building dedicated to gas experiments. Some of the agents tested were mustard gas, lewisite, cyanic acid gas, white phosphorus, adamsite, and phosgene gas. To put things in horrific perspective, the mortality rate from mustard gas was only 2-3%. Still, those who suffered chemical burns and respiratory problems had prolonged hospitalizations and, if they recovered, were thought to be at higher risk of developing cancers during later life. The toxic effects of lewisite are rapid onset and result from acute exposures. The vesicant properties of lewisite result from direct skin contact; it has been estimated that as little as 2 ml to an adult human (equivalent to 37.6 mg/kg) can be fatal within several hours. Airborne release of cyanide gas, in the form of hydrogen cyanide or cyanogen chloride, would be expected to be lethal to 50% of those exposed (LCt50) at levels of 2,500-5,000 mg•min/m^3 and 11,000 mg•min/m^3, respectively. When ingested as sodium or potassium cyanide, the lethal dose is 100-200 mg. According to a medical report prepared during the hostilities by the ministry of health, "[w]hite phosphorus can cause serious injury and death when it comes into contact with the skin, is inhaled or is swallowed." The report states that burns on less than 10 percent of the body can be fatal because of liver, kidneys, and heart damage. Adamsite (D.M.) is a vomiting compound used as a riot-control agent (military designation, D.M.). It is released as an aerosol. Adverse health effects from exposure to adamsite (D.M.) are generally self-limited and do not require specific therapy. Most adverse health effects resolve within 30 minutes. Exposure to large concentrations of adamsite (D.M.), or exposure to adamsite (D.M.) within an enclosed space or under adverse weather conditions, may result in more severe adverse health effects, serious illness, or death.  Phosgene is highly toxic by acute (short-term) inhalation exposure. Severe respiratory effects, including pulmonary edema, pulmonary emphysema, and death, have been reported in humans. Severe ocular irritation and dermal burns may result following eye or skin exposure. It is estimated that as many as 85% of the 91,000 gas deaths in WWI were a result of phosgene or the related agent, diphosgene A former army major and technician gave the following testimony anonymously (at the time of the interview, this man was a professor emeritus at a national university): "In 1943, I attended a poison gas test held at the Unit 731 test facilities. A glass-walled chamber about three meters square [97 sq ft] and two meters [6.6 ft] high was used. Inside of it, a Chinese man was blindfolded, with his hands tied around a post behind him. The gas was adamsite (sneezing gas), and as the gas filled the chamber the man went into violent coughing convulsions and began to suffer excruciating pain. More than ten doctors and technicians were present. After I had watched for about ten minutes, I could not stand it any more, and left the area. I understand that other types of gasses were also tested there."   Taken from— Hal Gold, Japan's Infamous Unit 731, p. 349 (2019)   Super gross. Takeo Wano, a former medical employee of Unit 731, claimed to have observed a Western man being pickled in formaldehyde after being chopped in half vertically. Because so many Russians were residing in the neighborhood at the time, Wano suspected that the man was Russian. Additionally, Unit 100 experimented with poisonous gas. The captives were housed in mobile gas chambers that resembled phone booths. Others donned military uniforms, while others were made to wear various sorts of gas masks, and other people wore nothing at all. It's been said that some of the tests are "psychopathically cruel, with no possible military purpose." One experiment, for instance, measured how long it took for three-day-old newborns to freeze to death. Jesus christ. Additionally, Unit 731 conducted field tests of chemical weapons on detainees. An unknown researcher at the Kamo Unit (Unit 731) wrote a paper that details a significant (mustard gas) experiment on humans from September 7–10, 1940. Twenty participants were split into three groups and put in observation gazebos, trenches, and fighting emplacements. One group received up to 1,800 field cannon rounds of mustard gas for 25 minutes while wearing Chinese underpants, without a cap or a mask. Another set had shoes and a summer military outfit; three wore masks, while the others did not.   They also were exposed to as many as 1,800 rounds of mustard gas. A third group was clothed in summer military uniform, three with masks and two without masks, and were exposed to as many as 4,800 rounds. Then their general symptoms and damage to the skin, eye, respiratory organs, and digestive organs were observed at 4 hours, 24 hours, and 2, 3, and 5 days after the shots.  Holy shit. Then the psychopaths injected the blister fluid from one subject into another, and analyses of blood and soil were also performed. Finally, five subjects were forced to drink a water solution of mustard and lewisite gas, with or without decontamination. The report describes the conditions of every subject precisely without mentioning what happened to them in the long run. The following is an excerpt of one of these reports:   "Number 376, dugout of the first area:   September 7, 1940, 6 pm: Tired and exhausted. Looks with hollow eyes. Weeping redness of the skin of the upper part of the body. Eyelids edematous (uh-dim-uh-tose)(Swollen with fluid), swollen. Epiphora. (excessive watering), Hyperemic conjunctivae (ocular redness).   September 8, 1940, 6 am: Neck, breast, upper abdomen, and scrotum weeping, reddened, swollen. Covered with millet-seed-size to bean-size blisters. Eyelids and conjunctivae hyperemic and edematous. Had difficulties opening the eyes. September 8, 6 pm: Tired and exhausted. Feels sick. Body temperature 37 degrees Celsius. Mucous and bloody erosions across the shoulder girdle. Abundant mucus nose secretions. Abdominal pain. Mucous and bloody diarrhea. Proteinuria (excess protein in urinal, possibly meaning kidney damage).   September 9, 1940, 7 am: Tired and exhausted. Weakness of all four extremities.   Low morale. Body temperature 37 degrees Celsius. Skin of the face still weeping.   Taken from— "Man, Medicine, and the State: The Human Body as an Object of Government Sponsored Medical Research in the 20th Century" (2006) p. 187 Frostbite testing   Hisato Yoshimura, an Army engineer, carried out tests by forcing captives to stand outside, putting various limbs into water at multiple temperatures, and letting the limb freeze. Yoshimura would then use a small stick to whack the victims' frozen limbs while "producing a sound similar to that which a board emits when it is struck." The damaged region was then treated with different methods, such as dousing it in water or exposing it to the heat of a fire once the ice had been chipped away.   The sadistic fuck, Yoshimura, was described to the members of the Unit as a "scientific devil" and a "cold-blooded animal" because of the strictness with which he would carry out his evil experiments. In an interview from the 1980s, Unit 731 member Naoji Uezono revealed a super uncool and nightmare-inducing incident when Yoshimura had "Researchers placed two nude males in an area that was 40–50 degrees below zero and documented the entire process until the individuals passed away. [The victims] were in such pain that they were tearing at each other's flesh with their nails ". In a 1950 essay for the Journal Of Japanese Physiology, Yoshimura revealed his lack of regret for torturing 20 kids and a three-day-old baby in tests that subjected them to ice water and ice temperatures below zero.   Although this article drew criticism, Yoshimura denied any guilt when contacted by a reporter from the Mainichi Shimbun. Yoshimura developed a "resistance index of frostbite" based on the mean temperature of 5 to 30 minutes after immersion in freezing water, the temperature of the first rise after immersion, and the time until the temperature rises after immersion. In several separate experiments, it was then determined how these parameters depend on the time of day a victim's body part was immersed in freezing water, the surrounding temperature and humidity during immersion, and how the victim had been treated before the immersion. Variables like ("after keeping awake for a night", "after hunger for 24 hours", "after hunger for 48 hours", "immediately after heavy meal", "immediately after hot meal", "immediately after muscular exercise", "immediately after cold bath", "immediately after hot bath"), what type of food the victim had been fed over the five days preceding the immersions concerning dietary nutrient intake ("high protein (of animal nature)", "high protein (of vegetable nature)", "low protein intake", and "standard diet"), and salt intake (45 g NaCl per day, 15 g NaCl per day, no salt).   Oh, science....   Then there's syphilis.   For those that may not know, syphilis is a chronic bacterial disease contracted chiefly by infection during sexual intercourse but also congenitally by infection of a developing fetus. The first sign of syphilis is a small, brownish dot on the infected person's left hand. How many of you looked? You dirty birds!  Actually, the first stage of syphilis involves a painless sore on the genitals, rectum, or mouth. After the initial sore heals, the second stage is characterized by a rash. Then, there are no symptoms until the final stage, which may occur years later. This final stage can result in damage to the brain, nerves, eyes, or heart. Syphilis is treated with penicillin. Sexual partners should also be treated. Unit members orchestrated forced sex acts between infected and noninfected prisoners to transmit syphilis, as the testimony of a prison guard on the subject of devising a method for transmission of syphilis between patients shows:   "Infection of venereal disease by injection was abandoned, and the researchers started forcing the prisoners into sexual acts with each other. Four or five unit members, dressed in white laboratory clothing completely covering the body with only eyes and mouth visible, rest covered, handled the tests. A male and female, one infected with syphilis, would be brought together in a cell and forced into sex with each other. It was made clear that anyone resisting would be shot."   These unfortunate victims were infected and then vivisected at various stages of infection to view the interior and exterior organs as the disease developed. Despite being forcefully infected, many guards testified that the female victims were the viruses' hosts. Guards used the term "jam-filled buns" to refer to the syphilis-infected female detainees' genitalia.   And THAT is so gross on just about every level.   Inside the confines of Unit 731, several syphilis-infected children grew up. "One was a Chinese mother carrying a baby, one was a White Russian woman with a daughter of four or five years of age, and the final was a White Russian woman with a kid of around six or seven," recounted a Youth Corps member who was sent to train at Unit 731. Similar tests were performed on these women's offspring, focusing on how prolonged infection times influenced the success of therapies.   Just when you thought this shit was bad enough, the rape and forced pregnancies came.   For use in experiments, nonpregnant female convicts were made to get pregnant. The declared justification for the torture was the possible danger of infections, notably syphilis, being transmitted vertically (from mother to kid). In addition, their interests included maternal reproductive organ injury and fetal survival. There have been no reports of any Unit 731 survivors, including children, even though "a considerable number of newborns were born in captivity." Female captives' offspring are said to have either been aborted or murdered after birth.   While male prisoners were often used in single studies so that the results of the experimentation on them would not be clouded by other variables, women were sometimes used in bacteriological or physiological experiments, sex experiments, and as the victims of sex crimes. The testimony of a unit member that served as a guard graphically demonstrated this violent and disturbing reality:   "One of the former researchers I located told me that one day he had a human experiment scheduled, but there was still time to kill. So he and another unit member took the keys to the cells and opened one that housed a Chinese woman. One of the unit members raped her; the other member took the keys and opened another cell. There was a Chinese woman in there who had been used in a frostbite experiment. She had several fingers missing and her bones were black, with gangrene set in. He was about to rape her anyway, then he saw that her sex organ was festering, with pus oozing to the surface. He gave up the idea, left and locked the door, then later went on to his experimental work."   What in the actual fuck.   Prisoners and victims   An "International Symposium on the Crimes of Bacteriological Warfare" was convened in Changde, China, the scene of the plague flea bombardment, as mentioned earlier, in 2002. There, it was calculated that around 580,000 people had been killed by the Imperial Japanese Army's germ warfare and other human experimentation. According to American historian Sheldon H. Harris, more than 200,000 people perished. In addition, 1,700 Japanese soldiers in Zhejiang during the Zhejiang-Jiangxi war were killed by their own biological weapons while attempting to release the biological agent, showing major distribution problems in addition to the Chinese deaths. Additionally, according to Harris, animals infected with the plague were released close to the war's conclusion, leading to plague outbreaks that, between 1946 and 1948, killed at least 30,000 people in the Harbin region.   Those chosen as test subjects included common criminals, captured bandits, anti-Japanese partisans, political prisoners, homeless people, and people with mental disabilities, including infants, men, elderly people, and pregnant women, in addition to those detained by the Kenpeitai military police for alleged "suspicious activities." About 300 researchers worked at Unit 731, including medical professionals and bacteriologists. However, many people have become numb to carrying out harsh tests due to their experience with animal experimentation.   Without considering victims from other medical research facilities like Unit 100, at least 3,000 men, women, and children: 117—of which at least 600 each year were given by the Kenpeitai—were subjected to Unit 731 experimentation at the Pingfang camp alone. Although the literature generally accepts the number of 3,000 internal casualties, former Unit member Okawa Fukumatsu challenged it in a video interview. He claimed that the Unit had at least 10,000 internal experiments victims and that he had personally vivisected thousands of them.   S. Wells said that Chinese people made up most of the casualties, with smaller proportions of Russian, Mongolian, and Korean people. A few European, American, Indian, Australian, and New Zealander prisoners of war may have also been among them. According to a Yokusan Sonendan paramilitary political youth branch member who worked for Unit 731, Americans, British, and French were present, in addition to Chinese, Russians, and Koreans. According to Sheldon H. Harris' research, the victims were primarily political dissidents, communist sympathizers, common criminals, low-income residents, and those with mental disabilities. According to estimates by author Seiichi Morimura, about 70% of the Pingfang camp's fatalities (both military and civilian) were Chinese, while roughly 30% were Russian.   Nobody who went inside Unit 731 survived. Let me repeat that: "Nobody that went inside Unit 731 survived".  At night, prisoners were usually brought into Unit 731 in black cars with no windows but only a ventilation hole. One of the drivers would exit the vehicle at the main gates and head to the guardroom to report to the guard. The "Special Team" in the inner jail, which was led by Shiro Ishii's brother, would then get a call from that guard. The convicts would then be taken to the inner prisons via an underground tunnel excavated beneath the center building's exterior.   Building 8 was one of the jails housing men and women while building 7 held just women. Once inside the inner jail, technicians would take blood and feces samples from the inmates, assess their kidney function, and gather other physical information. Prisoners found healthy and suitable for research were given a three-digit number instead of their names, which they kept until they passed away. Every time a prisoner passed away following the tests they had undergone, a clerk from the 1st Division crossed their names off of an index card and took their shackles to be worn by newly arrived captives.   At least one "friendly" social interaction between inmates and Unit 731 employees has been documented. Two female convicts were engaged by technician Naokata Ishibashi. One prisoner was a Chinese woman, age 21, while the other was a Soviet woman, age 19. Ishibashi discovered that she was from Ukraine after asking where she was from. The two inmates urged Ishibashi to acquire a mirror since they claimed to have not seen their own faces since being taken prisoner. Through a gap in the cell door, Ishibashi managed to covertly get a mirror to them. As long as they were healthy enough, prisoners were regularly employed for experimentation. Once a prisoner had been admitted to the Unit, they had a two-month life expectancy on average. Many female convicts gave birth there, and some inmates remained alive in the unit for nearly a year. The jail cells each featured a squat toilet and wood floors. The prison's exterior walls and the cells' outer walls were separated by space, allowing the guards to pass behind the cells. There was a little window in each cell door. When shown the inner jail, Chief of the Personnel Division of the Kwantung Army Headquarters, Tamura Tadashi, stated that he glanced inside the cells and observed live individuals in chains, some of whom moved around, while others lay on the bare floor and were in a very ill and helpless condition.   Yoshio Shinozuka, a former Unit 731 Youth Corps member, testified that it was difficult to look through these prison doors because of their tiny windows. Cast iron doors and a high level of security made up the inner jail. No one was allowed admission without specific authorization, a picture I.D. pass, and the entry/exit timings were recorded. These two inner-prison structures were the "special team's" workspaces. This group wore white overalls, army caps, rubber boots, and carried guns.   A former member of the Special Team (who insisted on anonymity) recalled in 1995 his first vivisection conducted at the Unit:   "He didn't struggle when they led him into the room and tied him down. But when I picked up the scalpel, that's when he began screaming. I cut him open from the chest to the stomach, and he screamed terribly, and his face was all twisted in agony. He made this unimaginable sound, he was screaming so horribly. But then finally he stopped. This was all in a day's work for the surgeons, but it really left an impression on me because it was my first time."   — Anonymous, The New York Times (March 17 1995)   According to some reports, it was standard procedure at the Unit for doctors to place a piece of cloth (or a portion of medical gauze) inside a prisoner's lips before starting vivisection to muffle any screams.   Even though the jail was pretty secure, there was at least one effort to break out... That failed. According to Corporal Kikuchi Norimitsu's testimony, a fellow unit member informed him that a prisoner had been taken "jumped out of the cell and ran down the corridor, grabbed the keys, and opened the iron doors and some of the cells" after "having shown violence and had struck the experimenter with a door handle." Only the bravest of the inmates were able to jump free, though. These brave ones were killed ". Seiichi Morimura goes into further depth about this attempt at escapology in his book The Devil's Feast.   Two male Russian prisoners were being held in handcuffs in a cell. One of them was lying flat on the ground and acting like he was sick. One of the staff members noticed and decided to go inside the cell. The Russian on the ground, suddenly sprang up and overpowered the guard. The two Russians yelled, unlocked their shackles, grabbed the keys, and opened a few more cells. Other Russian and Chinese prisoners were freaking out, up and down the halls while shouting and screaming. Finally, one Russian yelled at the members of Unit 731, pleading with them to shoot him rather than use him as a test subject.   This Russian was gunned down and murdered. One employee who saw the attempted escape remembered what happened: "In comparison to the "marutas," who had both freedom and weapons, we were all spiritually lost. We knew in our hearts at the moment that justice was not on our side ". Even if the prisoners had been able to leave the quadrangle, a vigorously defended facility staffed with guards, they would have had to traverse a dry moat lined with electric wire and a three-meter-high brick wall to get to the complex's outside.   Even members of Unit 731 weren't free from being subjects of experiments. Yoshio Tamura, an assistant in the Special Team, recalled that Yoshio Sudō, an employee of the first Division at Unit 731, became infected with bubonic plague due to the production of plague bacteria. The Special Team was then ordered to vivisect Sudō. About this Tamura said:   "Sudō had, a few days previously, been interested in talking about women, but now he was thin as a rake, with many purple spots over his body. A large area of scratches on his chest were bleeding. He painfully cried and breathed with difficulty. I sanitised his whole body with disinfectant. Whenever he moved, a rope around his neck tightened. After Sudō's body was carefully checked [by the surgeon], I handed a scalpel to [the surgeon] who, reversely gripping the scalpel, touched Sudō's stomach skin and sliced downward. Sudō shouted "brute!" and died with this last word."   Taken from— Criminal History of Unit 731 of the Japanese Military, pp. 118–119 (1991)   Additionally, Unit 731 Youth Corps member Yoshio Shinozuka testified that his friend, junior assistant Mitsuo Hirakawa, was vivisected due to being accidentally infected with the plague.   Surrender and immunity Operations and experiments continued until the end of the war. Ishii had wanted to use biological weapons in the Pacific War since May 1944, but he was repeatedly told to fuck off.   With the coming of the Red Army in August 1945, the unit had to abandon its work in a hurry. Ministries in Tokyo ordered the destruction of all incriminating materials, including those in Pingfang. Potential witnesses, such as the 300 remaining prisoners, were either gassed or fed poison while the 600 Chinese and Manchurian laborers were all frigging shot. Ishii ordered every group member to disappear and "take the secret to the grave." Potassium cyanide vials were issued for use in case the remaining personnel was captured.   Skeleton crews of Ishii's Japanese troops blew up the compound in the war's final days to destroy any evidence of their activities. Still, many were sturdy enough to remain somewhat intact.   Among the individuals in Japan after its 1945 surrender was Lieutenant Colonel Murray Sanders, whose name doesn't really sound Japanese and who arrived in Yokohama via the American ship Sturgess in September 1945. Sanders was a highly regarded microbiologist and a member of America's military center for biological weapons. Sanders' duty was to investigate Japanese biological warfare activity, and B.O.Y. was there a shit ton! At the time of his arrival in Japan, he had no knowledge of what Unit 731 was. Until he finally threatened the Japanese with bringing the Soviets into the picture, little information about their biological warfare was being shared with the Americans. The Japanese wanted to avoid prosecution under the Soviet legal system, so the morning after he made his threat, Sanders received a manuscript describing Japan's involvement in biological warfare. Sanders took this information to General Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers responsible for rebuilding Japan during the Allied occupation. As a result, MacArthur struck a deal with Japanese informants: he secretly granted immunity to the physicians of Unit 731, including their leader, in exchange for providing America, but not the other wartime allies, with their research on biological warfare and data from human experimentation. Yessiree, bob! You heard that correctly! American occupation authorities monitored the activities of former unit members, including going through and messing with their mail. The Americans believed the research data was valuable and didn't want other nations, especially those guys with the sickle, you know... the Soviet Union, to get their red hands on the data for biological weapons.   The Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal heard only one reference to Japanese experiments with "poisonous serums" on Chinese civilians. This took place in August 1946 and was instigated by David Sutton, assistant to the Chinese prosecutor. The Japanese defense counsel argued that the claim was vague and uncorroborated, and it was dismissed by the tribunal president, Sir William Webb, for lack of evidence! The subject was not pursued further by Sutton, who was probably unaware of Unit 731's activities and allegedly a fucking idiot. His reference to it at the trial is believed to have been "accidental."   While German physicians were brought to trial and had their crimes publicized, the U.S. concealed information about Japanese biological warfare experiments and secured immunity for the monsters. I mean perpetrators.  Critics argue that racism led to the double standard in the American postwar responses to the experiments conducted on different nationalities. For example, whereas the perpetrators of Unit 731 were exempt from prosecution, the U.S. held a tribunal in Yokohama in 1948 that indicted nine Japanese physician professors and medical students for conducting vivisection upon captured American pilots; two professors were sentenced to death and others to 15–20 years' imprisonment. So, it's one thing to do it to THOUSANDS OF CHINESE AND RUSSIANS, but HOW DARE you do that to one of us! The fuck?   Although publicly silent on the issue at the Tokyo Trials, the Soviet Union pursued the case and prosecuted 12 top military leaders and scientists from Unit 731 and its affiliated biological-war prisons Unit 1644 in Nanjing and Unit 100 in Changchun in the Khabarovsk war crimes trials. Among those accused of war crimes, including germ warfare, was General Otozō Yamada, commander-in-chief of the million-man Kwantung Army occupying Manchuria.   The trial of the Japanese monsters was held in Khabarovsk in December 1949; a lengthy partial transcript of trial proceedings was published in different languages the following year by the Moscow foreign languages press, including an English-language edition. The lead prosecuting attorney at the Khabarovsk trial was Lev Smirnov, one of the top Soviet prosecutors at the Nuremberg Trials. The Japanese doctors and army commanders who had perpetrated the Unit 731 experiments received sentences from the Khabarovsk court ranging from 2 to 25 years in a Siberian labor camp. The United States refused to acknowledge the trials, branding them communist propaganda. The sentences doled out to the Japanese perpetrators were unusually lenient by Soviet standards. All but two of the defendants returned to Japan by the 1950s (with one prisoner dying in prison and the other committing suicide inside his cell). In addition to the accusations of propaganda, the U.S. also asserted that the trials were to only serve as a distraction from the Soviet treatment of several hundred thousand Japanese prisoners of war; meanwhile, the USSR asserted that the U.S. had given the Japanese diplomatic leniency in exchange for information regarding their human experimentation. The accusations of both the U.S. and the USSR were true. It is believed that the Japanese had also given information to the Soviets regarding their biological experimentation for judicial leniency. This was evidenced by the Soviet Union building a biological weapons facility in Sverdlovsk using documentation captured from Unit 731 in Manchuria.   Official silence during the American occupation of Japan As we, unfortunately, mentioned earlier, during the United States occupation of Japan, the members of Unit 731 and the members of other experimental units were set free. However, on May 6, 1947, Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, wrote to Washington to inform it that "additional data, possibly some statements from Ishii, can probably be obtained by informing Japanese involved that information will be retained in intelligence channels and will not be employed as 'war crimes' evidence."   One graduate of Unit 1644, Masami Kitaoka, continued to perform experiments on unwilling Japanese subjects from 1947 to 1956. While working for Japan's National Institute of Health Sciences, he completed his experiments. He infected prisoners with rickettsia and infected mentally-ill patients with typhus. As the unit's chief, Shiro Ishii was granted immunity from prosecution for war crimes by the American occupation authorities because he had provided human experimentation research materials to them. However, from 1948 to 1958, less than five percent of the documents were transferred onto microfilm and stored in the U.S. National Archives before they were shipped back to Japan.   Post-occupation Japanese media coverage and debate Japanese discussions of Unit 731's activity began in the 1950s after the American occupation of Japan ended. In 1952, human experiments carried out in Nagoya City Pediatric Hospital, which resulted in one death, were publicly tied to former members of Unit 731. Later in that decade, journalists suspected that the murders attributed by the government to Sadamichi Hirasawa were actually carried out by members of Unit 731. In 1958, Japanese author Shūsaku Endō published The Sea and Poison about human experimentation in Fukuoka, which is thought to have been based on an actual incident.   The author Seiichi Morimura published The Devil's Gluttony in 1981, followed by The Devil's Gluttony: A Sequel in 1983. These books purported to reveal the "true" operations of Unit 731 but falsely attributed unrelated photos to the Unit, which raised questions about their accuracy.   Also, in 1981, the first direct testimony of human vivisection in China was given by Ken Yuasa. Since then, much more in-depth testimony has been given in Japan. For example, the 2001 documentary Japanese Devils primarily consists of interviews with fourteen Unit 731 staff members taken prisoner by China and later released.   Significance in postwar research on bio-warfare and medicine Japanese Biological Warfare operations were by far the largest during WWII, and "possibly with more people and resources than the B.W. producing nations of France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, and the Soviet Union combined, between the world wars. Although the dissemination methods of delivering plague-infected fleas by aircraft were crude, the method, among others, allowed the Japanese to "conduct the most extensive employment of biological weapons during WWII." However, the amount of effort devoted to B.W. was not matched by its results. Ultimately, inadequate scientific and engineering foundations limited the effectiveness of the Japanese program. Harris speculates that U.S. scientists generally wanted to acquire it due to the concept of forbidden fruit, believing that lawful and ethical prohibitions could affect the outcomes of their research.   Unit 731 presents a particular problem since, unlike Nazi human experimentation, which the United States publicly condemned, the activities of Unit 731 are known to the general public only from the testimonies of willing former unit members.   Japanese history textbooks usually reference Unit 731 but do not detail allegations following there strict principles. However, Saburō Ienaga's New History of Japan included a detailed description based on officers' testimony. The Ministry for Education attempted to remove this passage from his textbook before it was taught in public schools because the testimony was insufficient. The Supreme Court of Japan ruled in 1997 that the testimony was sufficient and that requiring it to be removed was an illegal violation of freedom of speech.   In 1997, international lawyer Kōnen Tsuchiya filed a class action suit against the Japanese government, demanding reparations for the actions of Unit 731, using evidence filed by Professor Makoto Ueda of Rikkyo University. All levels of the Japanese court system found the suit baseless. No findings of fact were made about the existence of human experimentation, but the court's ruling was that reparations are determined by international treaties, not national courts.   In August 2002, the Tokyo district court ruled that Japan had engaged in biological warfare for the first time. Presiding judge Koji Iwata ruled that Unit 731, on the orders of the Imperial Japanese Army headquarters, used bacteriological weapons on Chinese civilians between 1940 and 1942, spreading diseases, including plague and typhoid, in the cities of Quzhou, Ningbo, and Changde. However, he rejected victims' compensation claims because they had already been settled by international peace treaties.   In October 2003, a Japan's House of Representatives member filed an inquiry. Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi responded that the Japanese government did not then possess any records related to Unit 731 but recognized the gravity of the matter and would publicize any records located in the future. As a result, in April 2018, the National Archives of Japan released the names of 3,607 members of Unit 731 in response to a request by Professor Katsuo Nishiyama of the Shiga University of Medical Science.   After World War II, the Office of Special Investigations created a watchlist of suspected Axis collaborators and persecutors who were banned from entering the United States. While they have added over 60,000 names to the watchlist, they have only been able to identify under 100 Japanese participants. In a 1998 correspondence letter between the D.O.J. and Rabbi Abraham Cooper, Eli Rosenbaum, director of O.S.I., stated that this was due to two factors:   While most documents captured by the U.S. in Europe were microfilmed before being returned to their respective governments, the Department of Defense decided to not microfilm its vast collection of records before returning them to the Japanese government.   The Japanese government has also failed to grant the O.S.I. meaningful access to these and related records after the war. In contrast, European countries, on the other hand, have been largely cooperative, the cumulative effect of which is that information on identifying these individuals is, in effect, impossible to recover.   Top Movies about war crimes   https://www.imdb.com/search/title/?title_type=feature&genres=war&genres=Crime   All info comes from the inter webs. Blame them.    Damn, this was a gross episode.   Are you actually reading this? That's awesome! How's it going? Life good?   

Videos:  How One Company Destroyed An Entire Country - Moon  Green tea EGCG backed to prevent life-threatening ‘artery explosion' Kyoto University, August 25, 2022   Drinking polyphenol-packed green tea could help to prevent a deadly condition in the body's main artery, according to new research in rats.   Writing in the Journal of Vascular Surgery, the Japanese research team reported that polyphenols from the nation's favourite drink, green tea, could offer benefits in preventing abdominal aneurysm expansion (AAA) – a serious condition characterised by destruction of the body's main artery.    The new study from the Kyoto University team found that rats fed a green tea extract containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) developed AAA less frequently than rats that were not given the polyphenol.   "The type of polyphenol found in green tea [EGCG] has recently been shown to regenerate elastin, an essential protein that gives the artery its stretchy, yet sturdy, texture," explains Setozaki. "Considering that abdominal arterial aneurysms are caused by inflammation and the degradation of elastin components in the arterial wall, we thought drinking green tea may show promise for treatment."    The results confirmed that EGCG blocked AAA progression in the rat model by preserving the aortic thickness and elastin content through regeneration of elastin.   “Regular green tea consumption might be advantageous for patients with a small AAA or as a prophylactic strategy for AAA,” the team suggested.         Lower potassium intake linked to premature mortality risk University of California at Irvine, September 2 2022.  A study reported on August 26, 2022, in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found a higher risk of dying during a median 5.8 to 7.8-year follow-up period in association with a lower intake of potassium. The risk was similar between individuals with normal or impaired kidney function.  “In healthy adults, higher dietary potassium intake is recommended given that potassium-rich foods are major sources of micronutrients, antioxidants, and fiber,” Yoko Narasaki of the University of California, Irvine and colleagues explained. “Yet among patients with advanced kidney dysfunction, guidelines recommend dietary potassium restriction given concerns about hyperkalemia [elevated blood potassium—ed.] leading to malignant arrhythmias and mortality.” The investigation included 37,893 continuous participants in the National Health and Nutrition Education Survey (NHANES, 1999–2014) whose potassium intake was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Mortality data was collected through the end of 2014.  Among subjects with impaired kidney function, those whose potassium intake was among the lowest one-third had a risk of dying during a median 5.8-year follow-up period that was 18% greater than those among the top third. For participants with normal kidney function, mortality risk for those among the lowest third was 17% higher during a median 7.8 years of follow-up.  High intake of potassium primarily from plant sources was associated with lower mortality during follow-up in comparison with a low intake of the mineral from animal-dominant sources. In the group with impaired kidney function, a 24% greater risk of mortality during follow-up occurred among those who consumed a low amount of potassium paired with a high amount of protein compared to high potassium/high protein.  “Lower dietary potassium scaled to energy intake was associated with higher mortality, irrespective of kidney function,” the authors concluded. “Further studies are needed to elucidate pathways linking potassium intake and co-existing dietary factors with survival in populations with and without chronic kidney disease.”   People who lack compassion for the environment are also less emotional in general University of Michigan, September 2, 2022 People who respond less emotionally to images of damage to the environment are also less emotional and empathic in general, according to a new University of Michigan study. Differences in political ideology can limit policy adjustments that address climate change. Researchers and practitioners often raise concern by appealing to people's empathy. However, some people appear less emotionally impacted by environmental destruction—particularly those who are more ideologically conservative and less pro-environmental, the study showed. In a series of online experiments in the U.S., psychology professor Stephanie Preston examined the emotional responses of more than 600 people in a variety of contexts. People not concerned when viewing pictures of damage to the environment—such as oil spills on fire in a gulf—also did not feel bad about other images including crying babies, officers in distress, injured athletes, wounded soldiers and even moldy food. Consistent with this lack of contagious distress, more "impassive" people said that they felt less empathy for those in daily life and were less pro-environmental and less awed by nature. This group also responded less to positive images such as happy babies, ice cream and stacks of money, the research showed. The study's results suggest that some people's lack of concern for the environment may not be particularly political or reflect a specific disinterest in the environment. It is instead a characteristic of their broader emotional palette, Preston said. "Given that our sense of risk and decisions are strongly guided by emotions, more impassive people are less inclined to dedicate resources to this slowly building crisis," she said.   Amino acid supplements may boost vascular endothelial function in older adults: Study University of Alabama, August 28, 2022 A combination of HMB (a metabolite of leucine), glutamine and arginine may improve vascular function and blood flow in older people, says a new study. Scientists from the University of Alabama report that a supplement containing HMB (beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate), glutamine and arginine (Juven by Abbott Nutrition) increased flow-mediated dilation (FMD - a measure of blood flow and vascular health) by 27%, whereas no changes were observed in the placebo group. However, the researchers did not observe any changes to markers of inflammation, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) “Our results indicate that 6 months of dietary supplementation with HMB, glutamine and arginine had a positive impact on vascular endothelial function in older adults,” wrote the researchers, led by Dr Amy Ellis in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition . “These results are clinically relevant because reduced endothelial-dependent vasodilation is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases   Break A Sweat For Your Brain: Exercise Protects Aging Synapses University of California at San Francisco, September 2, 2022 Scientists at UC San Francisco have found that the brains of physically active elderly adults contain more of a specific type of protein known to enhance the connections between neurons and help maintain healthy cognition. Importantly, autopsies show this held up even among people whose brains contained high levels of toxic proteins associated with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. “Our work is the first that uses human data to show that synaptic protein regulation is related to physical activity and may drive the beneficial cognitive outcomes we see,” says lead study author Kaitlin Casaletto, PhD, an assistant professor of neurology, in a university release. “Maintaining the integrity of these connections between neurons may be vital to fending off dementia, since the synapse is really the site where cognition happens,” Dr. Casaletto adds. “Physical activity—a readily available tool—may help boost this synaptic functioning.” The analysis revealed older adults who had remained active displayed higher levels of proteins that make the exchange of information between neurons possible. Moreover, researchers admit it was surprising to see the beneficial effects extend beyond just the hippocampus — the mind's memory center — to additional brain regions associated with cognitive function. “It may be that physical activity exerts a global sustaining effect, supporting and stimulating healthy function of proteins that facilitate synaptic transmission throughout the brain,” Dr. Honer explains.   Fermented soymilk isoflavones could cut UV damage Yakult Central Institute (Japan), August 30, 2022   Consuming fermented soymilk products may help protect against ultraviolet radiation damage by increasing the number of isoflavone compounds in the body, according to a study on mice.   Researchers from the Yakult Central Institute in Japan tested female hairless mice, feeding groups of six soymilk (SM) or fermented soymilk (FSM), with additional untreated and control groups. They found mice fed on FSM showed less skin reddening and skin thickening compared to those fed on regular soymilk.   The researchers found that isoflavone concentrations in the blood and UV-exposed skin were significantly higher in the FSM group compared to the SM mice. They had previously found isoflavone absorption is higher for subjects fed aglycone-enriched FSM compared to glucoside-enriched SM.   We believe that the higher delivery of genistein and daidzein to the serum and dorsal skin is due to differences in effectiveness between FSM and SM,” they added.   “Because of their similar structures, isoflavones exert oestrogen-like activity and can protect against hormone-dependent diseases. We believe that the oestrogen-like activity of isoflavones from FSM partly compensates for the oestrogen depletion in [ovariectomised] hairless mice, preventing the photodamage induced by UVB irradiation,” they added.