Podcasts about Milky Way

This Astrum supercut is a complete guide to the Milky Way. We'll dig into the weirdest discoveries in our own cosmic backyard, reveal the mysterious structures hiding at the galactic centre, and find out what our home galaxy really looks like. If we can map galaxies billions of light-years away... why is our own home still such an enigma?To those returning and new to the channel: This video is a supercut of Astrum's best videos about the Milky Way, plus new and updated content. We've edited this into a new seamless video, remastered in 4K resolution, and re-recorded the older voiceover to match the quality of the recent episodes.▀▀▀▀▀▀The Astrum book is still available in the US! Get your hands on one here: https://astrumspace.co/ A huge thanks to our Patreons who help make these videos possible. Sign-up here: ⁠https://bit.ly/4aiJZNF

The forecast has gone to hell, Creep Street! From a fiery cloud over Cornwall to a pink mist said to strip flesh from bone in the Florida woods, we're exploring strange accounts of weather that seems to have a mind of its own. A science teacher encounters a cloud with a mouth, a hiker watches the fog swallow a deer, and a pilot claims he flew through a hole in time and space! Strange tales of Mother Nature's nastiest weather! By the time you think to run, you might already be too late. Citizens of the Milky Way, prepare yourselves for Killer Clouds! 

Kick-off those worn-out shoes, let your hair down and pour yourself some lite roast, because the Bo-Hosts welcome you to: Sammy Sunday Mornings! The "BONUS OTIS" mini-episodes are bite-sized and focus on the mellower side of the RedRocker's catalog!In this episode, the Bo-Hosts follow up 1976's eerily prophetic "Crack in the World" with 1977's  "Little Star/Eclipse". At the time of recording, Sammy was on the Eddie Trunk show discussing the Vegas Residency, and his future. Sammy said he wanted to revisit his solo catalog, and more specifically, revive and complete his epic "Space Opera".Sammy fans know that each album he's has done has included a song about space, time, aliens, contact from beyond, UFO's or the universe itself. This song essentially merges Christian imagery, Floyd-esque psychedelic imagery and science fiction.In this episode the Bo-Hosts also explore the songs that continue this thematic through-thread, and which tune comprise Sammy's "Space Opera", to try and decipher his full message.Is it:contact → another world → aliens → silver lights → the Milky Way → altered consciousness → transformation.Or is it:outer space, spiritual mystery, transformation, escape from the physical self, and the possibility that humanity is part of something much larger.Or both?Pour a coffee, slip into some soft pants and you decide!All songs available for purchase on iTunes! We bought it- so should you!Be sure to check out our Sammy Sunday Mornings playlist on Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/playlist/1CTfcl4F52kCPMBoWf3P3f?si=h6uAFSNsT1mOLYtbUhiaSA"What is understood...NEED be discussed"Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100085582159917Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebogusotisshow/?hl=enX:https://x.com/BogusOtisShowYouTube:https://www.youtube.com/@TheBogusOtisShowTik Tok:https://www.tiktok.com/@thebogusotisshowConnect with the Bo-Hosts:bogusotisshow@gmail.com

When NASA and other space agencies release sounds from space, what are we actually hearing? The answer: data sonifications. Scientists take data from telescopes, often across multiple wavelengths of light, and translate them into audible soundscapes. Host Dean Regas talks with Mara Helmuth, a composer and professor of music at the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music, about how researchers turn cosmic data into music.

Featuring a fresh cut from Marco Benevento's brilliant new jam “Glera”; the special talents of Kris Davis and her trio; the best band you don't know about, Tank and the Bangas; vintage fusion courtesy of Milky Way; new jams from expansive legend Wadada Leo Smith; one of the greats, Chick Corea, solo in 1972; and a killer remix of a Nina Simone anthem.

Send us Fan MailRobby finally gets the new gaming PC he's been talking about forever, complete with liquid cooling, enough power to make HOTS behave itself, and a new chair that somehow still manages to piss him off because it requires assembly. From there, we get another house update, praise for a mortgage broker who has gone well beyond what she signed up for, more Starlink cable troubleshooting, and a surprisingly long detour into what “hermetically sealed” actually means. Then it's streaming setups, Dragon Ball Z Kai, why some sagas last forever, Dyson spheres, possible hidden planets, the Milky Way's bulge, tens of millions of stars, and the inevitable conclusion that there has to be something else out there. Support the show

In Part Two of our series on the Theatre Ryal, we descend deeper into Drury Lane's supernatural history to investigate the mysterious Man in Grey, a nameless specter whose appearance is considered an omen of good fortune. But the deeper we dig, the stranger his story becomes: human bones hidden in the walls, a ghost in the wrong century's clothes, phantom hands backstage, and the impossible echo of a German bomb that fell through the theatre when nobody was there. And across an ocean, another mysterious Gray Man seems to carry warnings of his own. Maybe grey is just the color ghosts wear in the dark. Or maybe it means something more... Citizens of the Milky Way, prepare yourselves for The Haunting of the Theatre Royal: Part Two! #CreepStreetPodcast #DruryLane #TheatreRoyal #ManInGrey #GhostStories #Paranormal #HauntedTheatre #HauntedLondon #LondonGhosts #BritishGhostStories #TrueGhostStories #HauntedHistory #Supernatural #Ghosts #ParanormalPodcast

Allie's shuttle has returned from her symposium in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Earth, Sol, Milky Way. Humanist Trek will be out of communications range next week, returning to Federation Space on Sept 29 for Patrons / Oct 1 for Public Feed. Visit our website at humanisttrek.com Support the show at patreon.com/humanisttrek Pick up your merch at humanisttrek.com/merch Support our show by visiting our sponsors & partners: Modiphius | UnderOutfit Socials: Bluesky Mastodon Discord YouTube Thanks to Star Trek Avatar Creation & Starfleet Officer maker by @marci_bloch

First starlight from Roman, a shorter fuse on the Solar System, weapons in orbit, and a globular cluster hiding behind the dust Roman opens its eye — and finds it has twice as long to look NASA has activated the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope's Wide Field Instrument, a 300-megapixel infrared camera built around eighteen detectors, with a field of view at least a hundred times larger than Hubble's infrared field — a patch of sky bigger than the full Moon in a single exposure, at Hubble-comparable sharpness. The instrument reached its operating temperature of −143 °C on 11 September; detectors and the calibration system came up across the 11th and 12th; the element wheel turned in microgravity for the first time on the 12th; the focus mechanism was verified on the 13th. Roman then took its first starlight image — deliberately out of focus, and exactly as intended: a baseline diagnostic that proves the optical path is clear and every detector is live. Sharp science images are expected by early 2027. The Coronagraph Instrument has completed initial communications checkout from Caltech/IPAC and is running 30-day decontamination cycles at room temperature. Separately, NASA published the numbers from Roman's first mid-course correction: better than 99% accurate, using about 18 kg of a 200 kg propellant budget, on a spacecraft that launched lighter than its allowance. Jamie Dunn (Goddard): Roman has fuel for at least 22 years of potential science operations, against a design life of ten. Caveat kept on air: that is a fuel figure, not a funding or hardware figure. Why it matters: Roman's High-Latitude Time-Domain Survey measures cosmic expansion with Type Ia supernovae, and its High-Latitude Wide-Area Survey probes cosmic acceleration across more than 5,000 square degrees through weak lensing and galaxy clustering — two independent handles on the dark energy question that Monday's Australian-led supernova compilation sharpened but could not settle. A doubled mission means a longer lever arm in time, which in this measurement is everything. Caltech: the Solar System's dynamical fuse is far shorter than we thought Konstantin Batygin, Jim Fuller and Fred Adams (Caltech), 'Terminal instability of the Solar System triggered by stochastic solar mass loss', arXiv:2609.12494, posted 11 September and accepted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters. The standard estimate for how long the giant planets hold their architecture — about 10¹⁸ years — assumes the dying Sun sheds mass smoothly. Observations of white-dwarf recoil indicate mass is instead lost in discrete, independently directed ejections, so planetary orbits take a random walk. In simulations, roughly 40% of systems are disrupted or violently scattered before white dwarf formation and about 90% within ~3 billion years after, cutting the outer Solar System's dynamical lifetime to around a gigayear past white dwarf formation. Framed on air as a prediction to test — planetary systems around old white dwarfs should be rarer and more chaotic — with the granularity of the mass loss named as the number to go and measure. The United States says, for the first time, that it has weapons in orbit Secretary of the Air Force Troy Meink, speaking on the opening day of the Air & Space Forces Association's Air, Space & Cyber Conference at National Harbor, Maryland on Monday 14 September: the United States now has 'on-orbit space control weapons capable of defending the joint force against hostile adversary actions'. It is the first public US acknowledgement of offensive capability in orbit. No systems, numbers, locations or timelines were disclosed. A Space Force spokesperson defined space control as employing 'kinetic and non-kinetic means to affect adversary capabilities through disruption, degradation and even destruction, if necessary'. Gen. Douglas Schiess, Chief of Space Operations, said the following day that 'it was time' to talk about it, citing Chinese and Russian anti-satellite advances. Covered factually, with both the deterrence and the arms-control readings presented, and with orbital debris as the physical consequence that outlasts any dispute. Australian context: Operation Olympic Defender and Defence Space Command. Rubin finds a globular cluster hiding behind the dust Aashay Pai, William Cerny, Andrew Pace, Alex Drlica-Wagner and colleagues, 'Rubin Observatory Reveals a Dust-Shrouded Halo Globular Cluster in Ophiuchus', arXiv:2609.15872, posted 14 September. Rubin-GC1 was found in Rubin's Early Data Preview 2 — not the survey proper — in the direction of the galactic bulge, behind heavy dust and a crowded foreground. It sits about 31 kiloparsecs away, roughly 100,000 light-years, out in the Milky Way's halo. Half-light radius ~5 pc, absolute magnitude ≈ −2.4, placing it in the faint tail of the globular cluster luminosity function; age ≈ 9.2 billion years; moderately metal-poor. Gaia DR3 proper motions and phase-space modelling point to an origin in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal — an accreted cluster, not one of our own. Spectroscopy is the confirming next step. Reusable framing, now used four times in a month: catalogues are detection limits, not censuses. Quick hit — Starship Flight 14 has a firm date SpaceX has published and the FAA has cleared Flight 14 for Tuesday 22 September, a 75-minute window opening 08:15 EDT / 12:15 UTC (22:15 AEST on the 22nd). This is the first orbital attempt: six orbits at about 275 km, then a Pacific splashdown west of Chile roughly ten hours after launch. The payload is 26 Starlink V3 satellites — the first flight of the next-generation satellites designed for Starship — three of them carrying cameras to photograph the ship's heat shield during re-entry. Super Heavy splashes down in the Gulf about seven minutes after liftoff. No tower catches on this flight, for either stage, confirming the correction we carried on 12 September. Skywatch — both hemispheres Tonight: a five-day-old waxing crescent Moon beside Antares — 2.5° apart and 60° up from Sydney, 5.5° apart and 18° up from Los Angeles, nearly 7° apart and 12° up from New York. The September ecliptic tilt again. Friday 18 September: Venus at greatest brilliancy, about magnitude −4.8 — brightest not when fullest but when the product of a thinning crescent (~26% lit) and a swelling disc (~39 arcsec) peaks. Steadied binoculars will show the crescent. Venus sets ~3h15m after the Sun from Sydney, ~1h20m from Los Angeles, ~1h05m from New York; northern listeners should look low in the west 20–45 minutes after sunset with a clear horizon. Mercury is a southern-only bonus at magnitude −0.4 but only 16° from the Sun: 15° up at sunset from Sydney, 3° from London. Saturn rises within about an hour of sunset everywhere and is up all night, heading for opposition on 4 October with the rings ~7° open. First quarter falls on 18 September at 20:43 UTC, setting up International Observe the Moon Night on Saturday 19 September — timed near first quarter because that is when the terminator throws long shadows. Pre-dawn belongs to the north: Mars 45–47° up at nautical dawn from Los Angeles and New York against 20° from Sydney, with Jupiter below it, and the pair closing to about 2° by mid-November. Zodiacal light returns after the 26th — false dusk in the west from the south, false dawn in the east from the north. The September equinox is a single instant, 00:05 UTC on 23 September: the evening of the 22nd in the Americas, mid-morning on the 23rd in Australia. Eye safety: never sweep the daytime sky with binoculars or a telescope while hunting Venus. Block the Sun behind a building or wall first. Eclipse glasses must carry the ISO 12312-2 certification and be undamaged, and are for looking at the Sun only. Never use optics on the Sun without proper solar filtration fitted at the front. Sources and further reading ·         NASA Roman blog — 'NASA Activates Roman's Primary Instrument, Checks Out Coronagraph' (15 Sept 2026) ·         NASA Roman blog — 'Fuel Savings Double Potential Lifetime for NASA's Roman Mission' (14 Sept 2026) ·         NASA — Roman Core Community Surveys ·         arXiv:2609.12494 — Batygin, Fuller & Adams, 'Terminal instability of the Solar System triggered by stochastic solar mass loss' (accepted, ApJL) ·         arXiv:2609.15872 — Pai et al., 'Rubin Observatory Reveals a Dust-Shrouded Halo Globular Cluster in Ophiuchus' ·         AFA Air, Space & Cyber Conference 2026 — remarks by Secretary of the Air Force Troy Meink, 14 September 2026 ·         SpaceX — Starship Flight 14 mission page ·         Astronomy Daily S05E193 — 'The Universe Changes Its Mind' (the dark energy lead this episode calls back to) ·         Astronomy Daily S05E187 — stellar streams (Nora Shipp co-author callback)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-latest-space-news--5648921/support.Sponsor Details:Ensure your online privacy by using NordVPN. To get our special listener deal and save a lot of money, visit www.astronomydaily.io/nordvpn. You'll be glad you did!Get the best secure and private email on the planet. Stop your Government, google and who knows who else spying on every email you write. Do what we did and use ProtonMail. They beleive in privacy and there are no ads in their business model...yet they still provide a free forever service. Check them out and get out special deal at www.astronomydaily.io/protonmailBecome a supporter of Astronomy Daily by joining our Supporters Club. Commercial free episodes daily are only a click way... Click HereThis episode includes AI-generated content.

JOIN THE FAMILY: The Astrocast | Weekly Astronomy/Astrophotography Podcast | PatreonWELCOME BAAAACK to The EUROCAST! In this weeks episode, guest host Mark Lindley takes The Astrocast to Europe for a trip through Switzerland, the French Alps, and the Vosges Mountains, where online friendships finally become face-to-face conversations.Between missed train stops, passport trouble, cloudy skies, and a shared meal, Mark catches up with Dr. Klaus Schweitzer and Tim from Belgium. There's plenty of astrophotography talk along the way: traveling with camera lenses, remote observatories, processing software, simple star trackers, and knowing when to upgrade your gear.But the moment that makes the trip comes under the stars, when Tim sees the Milky Way for the first time. Mark closes his journey with a personal reflection on loneliness, friendship, and finding your people, followed by his original poem, “Alone Together.”Come for the stars. Stay for the company.Featured guests: Mark Lindley, Dr. Klaus Schweitzer, Tim, and Roo.Field-recording note: Parts of the car conversation have rough audio. To skip ahead to the cottage conversation, jump from 36:05 to 1:16:40.Chapters00:00:00 A first glimpse of the Milky Way — cold open00:00:48 Mark takes the mic: welcome to the Eurocast00:04:20 The friends, the route, and the plan00:09:14 Arriving in Geneva00:12:21 Chamonix and the French Alps00:16:48 Alpine hiking, wildlife, and changing glaciers00:20:42 Sponsor: Dark Dragons Astronomy00:22:29 The Mont Blanc Express and a break in the clouds00:26:26 Lausanne, passport trouble, and travel lessons00:34:53 A missed train stop on the way to the meetup00:39:05 Meeting Dr. Schweitzer and hitting the road00:54:52 Finding time to image and planning for remote skies01:16:40 At the cottage: meet Tim01:22:06 Cooking dinner and talking dark skies01:31:08 Camera lenses versus telescopes01:37:07 Processing software and homemade mounts01:47:54 Building a remote observatory setup01:58:09 Simple star trackers, dithering, and calibration frames02:09:19 Choosing gear, upgrades, and support02:20:32 Learning from the community02:28:49 One-on-one with Tim: photography and finding astronomy02:39:08 Generosity, friendship, and the Astrocast community02:50:21 Imaging together and learning to gather more data02:57:52 Mark shares his Mont Blanc Milky Way image03:03:22 Planning a simple Milky Way setup03:13:10 Finding the joy in less gear03:22:11 Under the Stars: a clearing above the clouds03:24:24 Tim sees the Milky Way for the first time03:29:20 Heading home: Mark reflects on the trip03:38:28 “Alone Together” — a poem by Mark Lindley03:41:13 Roo's closing thanks and epilogue03:43:47 The Astrocast outro songMusic credit“La fille aux cheveux de lin” from Préludes, Book I by Claude Debussy. MIDI performance by Katsuhiro Oguri, rendered using Garritan Steinway; published by Quinn Mason. Sourced from IMSLP, file #280628, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0. Mixed beneath poetry and closing narration for this episode.✨ Agena Astro |

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmzJj2i81H0 Hosted by Tony Darnell. From Nov 7, 2017. Have you ever wondered what the most distant object we can see with our naked eyes is?  The answer is The Triangulum Galaxy some three million light years from Earth.  This galaxy, along with the Great Andromeda Galaxy will collide with our Milky Way in about four billion years. This galaxy collision will herald in a new era for our home galaxy The Milky Way.  We will transform into an entirely new galaxy with billions more stars.   If you like this content, please consider supporting Deep Astronomy on Patreon! Created with Stellarium Open Source Software: http://www.stellarium.org/ Original Music - Mark C. Petersen, Lochness Productions: https://www.lochnessproductions.com/   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

My darlings, we're continuing the Starseed series, and today we're talking all about Arcturian Starseeds. ⭐️

For 50 years I taught my students that dark matter surrounds the Milky Way in a giant halo, or that Newton's laws break down at low accelerations. The Gaia satellite just measured something that makes both of those answers uncomfortable. Subscribe if you want science with evidence, not speculation. Gaia has measured over a billion stars. What its third data release shows is that the outer rotation curve of our own galaxy appears to decline in a Keplerian fashion. That should not happen if a dark matter halo is doing what we think it does. It also should not happen if MOND is right, because MOND produces flat curves for isolated galaxies. Both camps predicted something flatter. Neither got it. I walk you through the physics from Kepler to Vera Rubin to Gaia DR3, show you why systematic errors from asymmetric drift, the Large Magellanic Cloud, and the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy matter enormously before anyone draws a conclusion, and lay out the three scenarios that still survive. The most interesting question here is not which side lost. It is why both sides were expecting the wrong curve from our own galaxy. What you'll hear: -Why the neutrino technically counts as dark matter and why that still leaves most of the problem unsolved -What Kepler's first law of fatherhood has to do with galactic dynamics -Why Stacy McGaugh and Mordehai Milgrom might be celebrating too soon -What Cepheids, stellar streams, and globular clusters could tell us that Gaia cannot -Whether the Milky Way is too messy to ever give us a clean answer “The question is not which camp won, but why we were both expecting the wrong curve.” — Brian Keating CHAPTERS 00:00 Two solutions. One problem. Neither wins. 02:12 What Vera Rubin actually found 03:18 We're inside the galaxy. That's the problem. 04:24 The asymmetric drift problem 05:04 What Gaia DR3 actually shows 06:34 Why the mass estimate is model-dependent 08:04 MOND: no radius, no problem. Until now. 08:56 Gaia may be saying both sides are wrong 09:24 Flaws lead to new laws 10:22 LMC, Sagittarius, and the galactic warp 12:28 Three viable explanations 12:42 Dark matter adjusts. MOND adjusts. But is that enough? 13:14 What could settle this 14:04 Are we expecting the wrong curve? Get the transcript, fascinating bonus content, and my Monday M.A.G.I.C. Message: https://briankeating.com/yt Have a .edu email and live in the USA? You automatically win a meteorite: https://BrianKeating.com/edu Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1 Support Into the Impossible on Patreon, get my weekly M.A.G.I.C. Message, unfiltered bonus content, and live monthly Office Hours with me: https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating Join this channel for perks, monthly Office Hours, and your name in the Member Roster at the end of every episode: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Related episodes: Stacy McGaugh episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnpyFk2WlME My books: Losing the Nobel Prize (memoir): http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U Galileo's Dialogue (first-ever audiobook): https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un Twitter/X: https://x.com/BrianKeating Substack: https://briankeating.substack.com Blog: https://briankeating.com/blog Audio-only: https://briankeating.com/podcast #darkmatter #MOND #MilkyWay #cosmology #briankeating #intotheimpossible #physics Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Submit Voicemail! This episode's guests:John Barentine, Dark Sky Consulting, LLCLin Meng, EcologistBill's News Picks: How to Grieve a Changing Planet, Phil Lane MSW, LCSW, Psychology Today. Mitigating artificial light at night: effectiveness of policies and implications for plant phenology, PNAS Nexus. Breckenridge's dark night skies are dreamy — but they come at a cost, Emma VandenEinde, MarketPlace. Nighttime light exposure is associated with metabolic dysfunction in schizophrenia: A cross-sectional analysis of the LENS study, SLEEP. The illusion of control: Do we need dark infrastructures to address light pollution?, Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space.Guy Ottewell honored with an asteroid in his name, EarthSky. Support the showA hearty thank you to all of our paid supporters out there. You make this show possible.For only the cost of one coffee each month you can help us to continue to grow. That's $3 a month. If you like what we're doing, if you think this adds value in any way, why not say thank you by becoming a supporter!Why Support Light Pollution News?Receive quarterly invite to join as live audience member for recordings with special Q&A session post recording with guests.Receive all of the news for that month via a special Supporter monthly mailer.Satisfaction that your support helps further critical discourse on this topic.About Light Pollution News:Ever wonder why migrating birds crash into buildings? Or why you can't sleep at night? What about where you can still see the Milky Way? Light Pollution News explores how our 24/7 lit world affects everything from wildlife and human health to our understanding of the stars, travel, and the future of our cities. Host Bill McGeeney brings on rotating guests to help dig into the latest research, policy activity, and real-world solutions - from how irresponsible lighting degrades our health to the best dark sky destinations for your next trip. Whether you're a birder, conservationist, astrophotographer, or just someone who misses sleeping in darkness, this is the show that connects the dots between your disappear...

Dr. Al Grauer hosts. Dr. Albert D. Grauer ( @Nmcanopus ) is an observational asteroid hunting astronomer. Dr. Grauer retired from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock in 2006. travelersinthenight.org From February 2026. Today's 2 topics: - In an area which is about 1/400th of the entire sky, the NASA Kepler spacecraft has discovered 30 Earth like planets which are likely to have liquid water on their surfaces orbiting distant stars. These planets are likely to represent a tiny sample of the habitable planets which exist in the Milky Way. In spite of our efforts to find them, the question remains where are the alien civilizations? In a recent talk given at the Division of Planetary Sciences meeting Dr. Alan Stern of the Southwest Research Institute suggests that perhaps the majority of worlds with biology and intelligent civilizations exist on interior water ocean worlds where their existence is hidden by the thick layers of rock and ice which separate them from the hostile vacuum of space.   - Eighteen hours before my Catalina Sky Survey teammate Rose Matheny first spotted 2017 UJ2, a small space rock with our Schmidt telescope on Mt. Bigelow, Arizona it had passed less than the Earth's diameter from the surface of our planet. Rose was able to discover this Smart Car sized space rock after it moved out of the Sun's glare. At this point it was about the Moon's distance from her and was traveling away at 3.4 mi/s. After Rose posted her discovery observations on the Minor Planet Center's Near Earth Object Confirmation page, for the next 24 hours it was tracked by telescopes in Spain, Illinois, and Arizona.   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

For more than 350 years, the Theatre Royal at London's Drury Lane has burned, risen from the ashes, and filled its stage with some of the greatest performers England ever produced. But when the curtain falls, some of them may have chosen to stay behind. In Part One, we descend into the strange and tragic history of Drury Lane, where an argument over a wig ends in murder, a legendary clown is haunted by a lifetime of misery, and actors still report unseen hands, spectral faces, and figures watching from the darkness. At this theatre, when applause eventually dies away, the audience goes home, and the lights go out... something may still be waiting for the next performance. Citizens of the Milky Way, prepare yourselves for Part One of The Haunting of the Theatre Royal!

Today's episode — S05E191, Friday September 11, 2026: Main story: A population-synthesis study published in Nature Astronomy on 10 September argues that magnetars make up roughly half of all neutron stars, not the one-in-a-hundred implied by the catalogues. Celsa Pardo-Araujo and Nanda Rea (Institute of Space Sciences, ICE-CSIC, Barcelona) with Michele Ronchi (ASTRON) and Vanessa Graber (Royal Holloway) modelled the whole isolated-neutron-star population as one family rather than four separate classes, evolving spin-down, magneto-thermal decay and Galactic dynamics together, then filtering the simulated population the way real surveys filter the sky. Of the 24 known neutron stars younger than 2,000 years, magnetars and central compact objects are about 59%; the derived birth fraction averages ~50% (40–70% or 30–50% depending on the assumed birth-field distribution, which peaks at 1–2.5 × 10^14 gauss). Two consequences: the Galactic core-collapse supernova rate has to be higher than assumed, around two per century, and magnetar central-engine models for superluminous supernovae, gamma-ray burst plateaus and fast radio bursts finally have the supply to work. Caveats: it is a model rather than a census, the anchor sample is 24 objects, and 'magnetar' is defined by a field threshold. Southern thread: the field began with SGR 0526−66 in the Large Magellanic Cloud on 5 March 1979, and the same Barcelona group modelled GLEAM-X J162759, found with the Murchison Widefield Array in Western Australia. The rest of the news: ·         Chariklo's rings: The first stellar occultation ever planned specifically for JWST — 18 October 2022 — has been published in Science Advances, led by Yücel Kılıç, Pablo Santos-Sanz and Celia Navas (IAA-CSIC) with Nicolas Rambaux, Bruno Sicardy and Josselin Desmars (LTE) and Damya Souami (LIRA). Against the 2017 ground-based occultations, the inner ring C1R is about 50% more opaque and the outer ring C2R about 60% less, with the ring positions unchanged. Chariklo is the largest known centaur at ~125 km radius; the rings sit at 390 and 405 km and are a few km wide. Candidate explanations: material loss from C2R, material arriving at or collisions grinding down C1R — or a wavelength effect, since infrared is being compared with visible light. The rings were discovered in 2013 by an occultation campaign across Chile, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. ·         Mercury under bombardment: Kilpua et al. report in Nature Astronomy (8 September) that BepiColombo's fourth Mercury flyby in September 2024 — 165 km above the surface, closer than its eventual science orbit — coincided with a major solar particle eruption. The Finnish-built SIXS instrument watched energetic electrons and protons penetrate Mercury's magnetosphere and precipitate onto the surface over a wide area. That bombardment both sputters atoms off the surface and drives the X-ray fluorescence used to read its composition, and Mercury's small, weak magnetosphere makes it a stand-in for Earth during an extreme solar storm. The spacecraft separated its transfer module on 3 September; gravity capture is 21 November. ·         Europe buys a way home: ESA has awarded The Exploration Company a contract worth up to €760M under ALADDIN (Autonomous LEO Accelerated Demo Docking to ISS Node) — €310M for the demonstration mission, with ESA funding 60% and the company 40%, plus €450M in options for two further flights. The Nyx capsule flies on Ariane 6 and must dock with the ISS no later than Q2 2029, with up to €50M in additional incentive for using European launch vehicles. Europe has flown cargo up before, with the five ATVs, but has never returned anything from orbit. CEO Hélène Huby: 'It is the first time in Europe that a five-year-old space startup wins a contract worth hundreds of millions of euros.' The company's Mission Possible capsule survived reentry in June 2025 but was lost before splashdown — a partial success in its own words. Thales Alenia Space Italy remains in a parallel tender. ·         Parker Solar Probe: NASA reports the spacecraft completed its 29th close approach on 4 September, again matching the record set on Christmas Eve 2024 — 430,000 mph and 3.8 million miles from the solar surface, for the eighth time. The encounter ran 30 August to 9 September with nine days of autonomous operation and a beacon tone on the 7th; this pass targeted structures near the Sun's north pole, sampling nearly 40% of the solar circumference in a day. Telemetry began flowing on 11 September, science data 13–27 September. The mission is extended through 2029. ·         Skywatch: New Moon on 11 September at 14:27 AEST makes tonight and tomorrow the darkest nights of the month. Southern Hemisphere — Venus low in the west after sunset, building to greatest brilliancy on 18 September at magnitude −4.8, with a very thin crescent Moon sweeping past on the 13th and 14th (about half a degree apart on the 14th, near Spica); EarthSky notes the Southern Hemisphere gets the better view. Saturn rises soon after sunset heading for its 4 October opposition with the rings ~7° open, and the Milky Way core is still high in the early evening. The zodiacal light is an evening object here — 'false dusk' in the west after full darkness, through early November. North America — the zodiacal light is a pre-dawn object in the east ('false dawn'), well flagged around the 15th; Jupiter dominates the pre-dawn east closing on Regulus with Mars near Castor and Pollux; Saturn is ~50° up in the south after midnight, and early Saturday morning Dione transits Saturn's north polar region around 2:55 a.m. EDT with Tethys entering Saturn's shadow around 2:10 a.m. EDT. Space weather has eased to quiet-to-unsettled after two minor G1 storms on the 8th and 9th. Eye safety: never point optics near the Sun without a purpose-built front-mounted solar filter; eclipse glasses must be ISO 12312-2 certified and are for naked-eye use only, never with binoculars or a telescope. Links & sources ·         Pardo-Araujo, Rea, Ronchi & Graber, 'Magnetar fraction in Core-Collapse Supernovae', Nature Astronomy (10 Sept 2026) — https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16159 ·         ICE-CSIC — Institute of Space Sciences, magnetar population release (10 Sept 2026) — https://www.ice.csic.es/ ·         Kılıç, Santos-Sanz, Navas, Rambaux, Sicardy, Desmars & Souami, 'JWST stellar occultation reveals unexpected changes in Chariklo's ring system', Science Advances (Sept 2026) — https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh4794 ·         Observatoire de Paris / LTE — The James Webb Space Telescope Reveals That Chariklo's Invisible Rings Are Changing (9–10 Sept 2026) — https://lte.observatoiredeparis.psl.eu/The-James-Webb-Space-Telescope-Reveals-That-Chariklo-s-Invisible-Rings-Are ·         Sky & Telescope — Webb Space Telescope Discovers Surprising Changes in an Asteroid's Rings (10 Sept 2026) — https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/webb-space-telescope-discovers-surprising-changes-in-an-asteroids-rings/ ·         Kilpua et al., 'Planetary shielding and surface precipitation of solar energetic particles during BepiColombo's close Mercury flyby', Nature Astronomy (8 Sept 2026) — https://www.nature.com/natastron/research-articles ·         University of Helsinki / SIXS — BepiColombo measures Mercury's particle bombardment up close (10 Sept 2026) — https://phys.org/news/2026-09-bepicolombo-mercury-particle-bombardment.html ·         ESA — Press Release N° 47–2026: ESA awards service contract to The Exploration Company (10 Sept 2026) — https://www.esa.int/Newsroom/Press_Releases ·         European Spaceflight — ESA Awards The Exploration Company a €760M Space Station Cargo Contract (10 Sept 2026) — https://europeanspaceflight.com/esa-awards-the-exploration-company-a-e760m-space-station-cargo-contract ·         NASA — After Latest Swing Past Sun, NASA's Parker Solar Probe Checks In (10 Sept 2026) — https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/parker-solar-probe/ ·         EarthSky — Visible planets and night sky guide for September — https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/visible-planets-tonight-mars-jupiter-venus-saturn-mercury/ ·         EarthSky — Zodiacal light: everything you need to know — https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/everything-you-need-to-know-zodiacal-light-or-false-dawn/ ·         Astronomy.com — The Sky This Week from September 11 to 18 — https://www.astronomy.com/the-sky-this-week/the-sky-this-week-from-september-11-to-18-2026/ Follow us: @AstroDailyPodBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-latest-space-news--5648921/support.Sponsor Details:Ensure your online privacy by using NordVPN. To get our special listener deal and save a lot of money, visit www.astronomydaily.io/nordvpn. You'll be glad you did!Get the best secure and private email on the planet. Stop your Government, google and who knows who else spying on every email you write. Do what we did and use ProtonMail. They beleive in privacy and there are no ads in their business model...yet they still provide a free forever service. Check them out and get out special deal at www.astronomydaily.io/protonmailBecome a supporter of Astronomy Daily by joining our Supporters Club. Commercial free episodes daily are only a click way... Click HereThis episode includes AI-generated content.

What is a Fibonacci sequence?  Dr. Scripture didn't know either (or maybe you do know). He addresses a question about the shape of the Milky Way, and  considers what the meaning of the "sea" is in Rev 21:1.

September is a month when the sky begins to transition. The summer Milky Way is still hanging on, but the autumn sky is beginning to rise, the nights are getting longer, and there's plenty to watch for if you know where to look.This month, Venus puts on a brilliant evening display, Saturn starts moving back into prime time, and Neptune gives observers a chance to track down the most distant majorplanet in the Solar System. We'll also look at a major space news story, then turn to the Moon for a beautiful trio of craters before heading into Aquarius for a deep-sky tour of autumn delights. Download the September observing guide at ⁠AstroGuyPod.com⁠. Feel free to leave a comment with whatyou're observing this month, or contact me through the website with questions, suggestions, or observing reports. Join the ⁠AstroGuy Facebook Page⁠ and ⁠group⁠ and share your observations, sketches, and images from this month's sky. If you enjoy the episode, please like, subscribe, and click the bell so you'll know when new episodes and livestreams are coming up. Until next time, may your skies be clear, and as always, CarpeNoctem, Seize the Night! Free September 2026 Observing Guide Download the ⁠September 2026 AstroGuy Observing Guide⁠ Connect with AstroGuy Website: https://www.AstroGuyPod.comYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@AstroGuyPodcast Contact AstroGuy Email: Astroguypod@gmail.com Voicemail: 973-404-0380 Links:Feel free to buy us a cup of coffeeor two! We really appreciate it! https://buymeacoffee.com/astroguypodWebsite:https://Astroguypod.com Links High Point ScientificAmazonZWO Seestar S30 Pro Audio Credits MANTRA by Alex-Productionshttps://onsound.eu/ At The End Of All Things And Hymn to the Dawn by ScottBuckley www.scottbuckley.com.au Music promoted byhttps://www.chosic.com/free-music/all/ Creative Commons CC BY 3.0https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons CC BY 4.0https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/0:00 Intro1:10 Planetary Roundup5:31 Space News7:53 LFOM10:45 DSO's17:25 Conclusion

Send us Fan MailThe Minnesota State Fair isn't just a fairground, it's a full-blown temporary city, and walking through the gates feels like crossing a border. The sounds change first, then the smells hit, then the crowd closes in, and suddenly you're “traveling” without ever leaving the Twin Cities. We're joined by our friend Tim, also known as Minnesota Boy, to help us translate the Great Minnesota Get Together for anyone who loves road trips, local culture, and finding hidden gems in plain sight.We get practical about how to do the Minnesota State Fair without burning your whole day in lines: how big it really is, why you can't simply “wing it,” and how the official Minnesota State Fair app (and even an AI-built itinerary) can help you plan around schedules, distances, and those must-try foods that only exist in one location. Then we dig into the fun stuff: Pronto Pup vs corn dog, roasted corn dipped in butter, deep fried green olives, Sweet Martha's cookies, all-you-can-drink milk, and the brand-new foods that create blockbuster lines.But the best travel stories aren't only about eating. We talk agriculture and tradition too: livestock barns, 4-H competitions, the Miracle of Birth exhibit, crop art made from Minnesota-grown seeds, and the dairy building's butter sculptures including Princess Kay of the Milky Way. Add in live music stages, grandstand concerts, classic rides, people watching, and rapid-fire “best of” picks, and you've got a one-day guide to seeing Minnesota through travelers' eyes.If you enjoy travel podcasts, state fair food culture, and quirky American traditions, hit subscribe, share this with a friend who'd love the fair, and leave us a review so more listeners can find the show.Support the showFacebookInstagramYoutube 

The Wonderful Works of God Will Stueve Download Psalm 111,Praise the Lord!I will give thanks to the Lord with my whole heart, in the company of the upright, in the congregation.2 Great are the works of the Lord, studied by all who delight in them.3 Full of splendor and majesty is his work, and his righteousness endures forever.4 He has caused his wondrous works to be remembered; the Lord is gracious and merciful.5 He provides food for those who fear him; he remembers his covenant forever.6 He has shown his people the power of his works, in giving them the inheritance of the nations.7 The works of his hands are faithful and just; all his precepts are trustworthy;8 they are established forever and ever, to be performed with faithfulness and uprightness.9 He sent redemption to his people; he has commanded his covenant forever. Holy and awesome is his name!10 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom; all those who practice it have a good understanding. His praise endures forever! My family and I have noticed an abundance of large spiders around, and occasionally, to our horror, inside our house recently.There's a reason for this… apparently, August and September mark “peak spider season” in Minnesota, as adult spiders reach their full size after feeding all summer, and as the morning dew makes their webs more visible to us…In 1723, the great theologian Jonathan Edwards wrote about this in his treatise “Of Insects and Spiders.” In this short letter, Edwards marvels at the wise design of God the Creator as he considers the complex behaviors of the “flying spiders” common in New England. As he considers the complex design of their webs, how they can seemingly support themselves in mid-air… He says,“We hence see the exuberant goodness of the Creator, who hath not only provided for all the necessities [of spiders], but also for the pleasure and recreation of all sorts of creatures, and even the insects and those that are most despicable.”Whereas Edwards studied spiders with delight and saw them as an opportunity to praise God, my only thought when I see a spider is to kill it as fast as humanly possible…The point is: The wonderful works of God are all around us if we have eyes to see. And that's what this sermon is about.Psalm 111 is about the wonderful works of God. More specifically, the big question from our text this morning is: What makes God's works so great?In this sermon, I want to answer that question by showing you three truths about the works of God.God's works demand our praise.God's works reveal his character.God's works teach us to fear him.1. God's works demand our praise.Look with me again at verse 1 of our psalm:“Praise the Lord!I will give thanks to the Lord with my whole heart, in the company of the upright, in the congregation.”The psalmist resolves to praise God with his whole heart and publicly. And right off the bat, this first verse convicted me as I prepared this past week. How often do I praise the Lord with half of my heart, and not my whole heart? Have I ever truly praised God with my whole heart?These were convicting questions for me this week. It made Psalm 86:11 come alive for me… as the Psalmist prays, “unite my heart to fear your name.”So that I may praise you not with half my heart, but with my whole heart.Oh, to have a congregation, this whole church filled with whole-hearted worshipers, so captivated by God's glory… so in awe of his wonderful works, that they are moved to praise him with their entire being. That's what the psalmist envisions for us here.I can remember when my wife and I came to Cities Church for the first time. We were captivated by this building. When I walked in, I could not help but say, “Wow!” The huge wooden beams holding up the towering ceilings. The beautiful stone steeple. And the colorful stained-glass windows. Look around for a second! This place was designed and built by man. That's amazing!This building is truly a wonderful work of art, a feat of human engineering, and we rightly admire its beauty. How much more should we admire the wonderful works of God?!Get this: The man who designed this building… God made him. God designed him and gave him every breath of his life… And that is true of each and every one of us in this room.By a miracle of God's hand, our hearts are beating with blood, our lungs are filled with air, and this earth is still rotating around the sun! Hebrews 1 says that Jesus Christ “upholds the universe by the word of his power.” Meaning, if Jesus were to snap his fingers, you and I would cease to exist in an instant.Every breath we take, and every moment we continue to exist is due solely to the mercy of God.Whether we consider that, or the intricate machinery inside every cell in our bodies to the vast reaches of the Milky Way galaxy and billions of galaxies beyond ours. God's wonderful works are all around us in creation and give us countless reasons to praise him! So be an admirer of God's works in creation…Thank God for the breath you just took!Like Edwards, consider the complex web of the spider… God made that!Consider how the honey bee gets nectar from the flower… God designed that!Consider the beauty of the night sky… and marvel at the Creator of it all.The theme of our whole lives should be verse 2…“Great are the works of the LORD, studied by all who delight in them.”The works of Yahweh are to be studied. Literally, the Hebrew word ‘darash' means “to seek out.”We are to study, to diligently seek out the works of the LORD anddelight in them. We should be awe-struck admirers of God's works in creation, and we should be eager students of God's word.The Bible is the works of God written. The works of God written for us. God wrote a book. And we ought to read it, and study it with delight, and meditate on it all the day!At a chosen time each day,Read the Bible while you may,Do not start until you pray,Ask, “What does this passage say?”Look for Him who is the Way,Find a lesson for today,Pray once more, and go your way.May we be a people that eagerly studies and delights in the works of God in nature and in Scripture for his works demand our praise.Look with me at verses 3-6“Full of splendor and majesty is his work, and his righteousness endures forever.4 He has caused his wondrous works to be remembered; the Lord is gracious and merciful.5 He provides food for those who fear him; he remembers his covenant forever.6 He has shown his people the power of his works, in giving them the inheritance of the nations.”This brings us to part two.2. God's works reveal His character.This is a basic point. What you do reveals who you are. Your works reveal your character. The character of a good student is revealed by their long hours of study. The character of a good parent is revealed by the love and attention they give to their children.And likewise,the righteous character of God is revealed by the splendor and majesty of his work. And we must press on to know the character of God through his works. Why? Why is that important?Well, we cannot truly love what we don't know. Am I a good husband to my wife if I know literally nothing about her? If I make no effort to learn about her, her hobbies, her interests…?So too with God!We cannot love God very well if we know nothing about him! And make no effort to learn about him!And if the greatest commandment is to love God with all our heart then we must press on to know God's character. And we see God's character on display in these verses.Particularly, on the heels of Psalm 110: I believe these verses are celebrating the Greater Exodus, the Greater Provision, and the Greater Conquest of the Melchizedekian Priest-King who is David's Lord.Verse 4 says that God's works reveal that he is gracious and merciful.This refers to the Exodus… Where God reveals his glory to Moses and says,“The LORD, the LORD, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness…”And we know that God's righteousness, grace, and mercy is seen most clearly in the greater Exodus of the cross of Christ. The Israelites were delivered from the tyranny of Pharoah and we as New Covenant Christians are delivered from the tyranny of sin and Satan.Verse 5 tells us that God provides food for those who fear him, which calls to mind the manna he provided for his people in the Wilderness.And God's provision is seen more clearly in the greater manna, Jesus himself who says, “I am the bread of life, whoever comes to me shall not hunger, and whoever believes in me shall never thirst.”Lastly, verse 6: “He has shown his people the power of his works,in giving them the inheritance of the nations.”This, of course, refers to the conquest of the promised land under Joshua.We see God's power in our greater Joshua. Jesus is the greater Joshua… the conquering Warrior-King of Psalm 110, leading his people to a new Promised Land in the New Heavens and the New Earth.We must know that God's perfect grace, mercy, provision, and power is sufficient to meet all of our needs…If you are broken over sin… if you have failed… rest in God's mercy and grace today.If you are anxious about your life… are you not of more value than a sparrow? Trust the God who provides!If you see chaos in the world around you, remember God's power. That right now he is ruling and reigning over all nations for his glorious purposes!God's works demand our praise; they reveal his character, and point three…3. God's works teach us to fear Him.Look at verses 7-8, and notice how God's works and God's words are put in parallel here,“The works of his hands are faithful and just; all his precepts are trustworthy;8 they are established forever and ever, to be performed with faithfulness and uprightness.”God is trustworthy, and so everything he says (his precepts, his words) are trustworthy. In other words, you can stake your life upon God's words!And verse 8 says that because God's word is trustworthy, we are to obey him faithfully and uprightly.The psalmist continues in verses 9-10,“He sent redemption to his people; he has commanded his covenant forever. Holy and awesome is his name!”From the very beginning, after humanity fell into sin, God has promised redemption… And the whole story of the Bible, through God's covenants with Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and David… all culminate in Jesus Christ and the New Covenant.“God sent his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him will not perish but have eternal life” (John 3:16).Those who reject Christ will be separated from God forever. But those who receive Christ are given the right to become children of God. Forgiven of all their sin, and given new hearts to obey God with joy. This is beautifully prophesied in Jeremiah 32:40, which says, “I will make with them an everlasting covenant, that I will not turn away from doing good to them. And I will put the fear of me in their hearts, that they may not turn from me.”In the new covenant, God puts the fear of him in our hearts, so that we do not turn away from him! What a promise! Has God done that in your life? Do you fear God? What does it mean to fear God?Proverbs 3 says that to fear the LORD is to turn away from evil.Psalm 112:1 says that the blessed man fears the Lord and greatly delights in his commandments.But I think our church's mission statement also helps us here: Cities Church exists to make joyful disciples of Jesus who remember his realness in all of life.I think that's a good definition of the fear of the Lord. To fear the Lord is to remember his realness in all of life. Do you remember God's realness in all of life? Has God put the fear of him in your heart? Do his wonderful works cause you to marvel in awe at him? When you hear the good news of the gospel, does your soul cry out, “Holy and awesome is his name!”?If that is not true of you this morning, ask God to change your heart. Ask him to put the fear of the LORD in your heart today.Because, as verse 10 says,“The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom;”This is crucial for us to get. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom… Not one helpful tip … Not one thing to tack on to the Christian life… but the beginning of wisdom… the foundation of the good life.Meaning, if you are not basing your life upon the reality of who God is as your Creator, and what he has done as our Redeemer, then you are a fool! If God is not the central reality of your life, then whatever you are building in your life is a straw-house doomed to fail.Jesus says,“Everyone then who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock.”Or as Psalm 111 puts it,“Those who practice [the fear of the LORD] have a good understanding.”So as we close here, I want us all to reflect on this question: Where do I need to grow in practicing the fear of the LORD? In your home, in church, at work, at school. What would it look like for you to remember the realness of Jesus in all of life?God's works are indeed wonderful.They demand our praise.They reveal his character.And they teach us to fear him.His praise endures forever!Let's pray.

Hosted by our Director, Avivah Yamani. September's equatorial sky features Venus, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter, dark Milky Way nights, the September equinox, and a lunar occultation of Venus.   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

Beneath the frozen forests of Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula lies a labyrinth of abandoned mines, forgotten graves, and more than a century of restless and bloody history. From the tragic Christmas Eve disaster at Calumet's Italian Hall to phantom miners glimpsed undergroundm, and long dead workers wandering through spectral fog, Copper Country has no shortage of ghosts. When the spoils were had, the companies took their copper and left. The dead, however, stayed behind. Citizens of the Milky Way, prepare yourselves for The Haunting of Copper Country! 

True: My Operating As An Angelic Being: Soul Collector, Assignments With Light Body Powers by Roger Potokar https://www.amazon.com/True-Operating-Angelic-Collector-Assignments-ebook/dp/B0GNLC642N Angelroger.com Second Edition Divine Mother channeled,2026, enough, dissolve evil in Central Sun. Divine Galactics New 5D-12D Godly start packages,10 kilos gold, silver, replicators, magnetic lift cars. Shumann Resonance 40H stable. Carry this kindle, book, to align new 5D-12D frequency flow. 1000's witnesses my angelic glow form. 21 paintings including Father God, authorium prayers bubbles under feet from Earth, hallways, sleep areas, assignments to Earth. Soul baby 2 smart minds merge at birth. I soul talk to baby from 3rd month pregnancy to birth. I was high IQ baby until 10 minutes after birth. Nurse picked me up to weigh me, I got scared, I became baby mind. I think, if 1st 10 minutes there is no baby scare, there can be high IQ baby. All is true. I was within 40 political jet crashes, could feel up and down. I saw, heard talk, I had movement 300+ future events. I still can view an area, see future high level events. My book future Doc. movie: True: My Operating As An Angelic Being. I find 100's of witnesses with actual Akasic memory visuals, sound of me before I was born,1930s,1940s,1950s. Boys to fight New York, 300 assigns 20 witnesses each, girls to be set on fire near Taj Mahal India,1000s assigns, battlefields-usually 2 medics with my dying assign,I deliver 15-30 prayer voices with extended glass 2 foot pipe I held at assigned face, ears. I will prove, through Akasic records video sound, 12 Angelic librarians, actual assignments 1930s,1940s, 1950s before I was born. I was operating whiteish glow form, boys to fight New York, boys then age 18 alive today, 300 assignments 1950s, 20 witnesses. Possibly over 6000 witnesses New York boys to fight, me in clear to bright glow, 6'6 male angelic. Paintings pictures in book. Girls to be set on fire, in Wedding dress, man with fire torch, 5 gallons gas, country of India, Taj Mahal. I had 1000s of directed prayer god help me calls into my funnel on my platforms in heaven south of Texas above clouds Gulf of America, 1930s,1940s,1950s. I had 20 pound hit power, fire line circle thumb, 16 above me. I, 20% human 80% Angelic form. Painting pictures in book. I was inside Milky Way command area. Milky Way Galaxy,100,000 light /years across,100,000 light years up and down, 12 sectors and each 12 sectors have 12 sections. I came into one section, I was in heaven/form control room of Galaxy. I came to occupied planets line to people planet. Robert Kennedy, 2026 getting poisons out of food and products. Over 30 years ago, I was sent to die by 12 men Dr. in Chicago. I went to a lady Dr. MD. Surgeon, born in Philippines. Dr. F. Tobias, specialty was weight slim, unknowns, getting me cured, no drugs, only vitamins, minerals, herbs, powders, other. Dr. put my blood under black field microscope,, blood loaded with fungus. Hair analysis found massive mercury, arsenic. In 2009, Dr. Tobias saved my father 1996 gushing blood,, leukemia-normal in 3 weeks, 30 Gov. agents came with machine guns stole $400,000 her equipment, $150,000 her account. Agents told her curing 100% not allowed.. A reporter saw talked to in Europe 6 gens sets of father, son in front of him. Ages went from age 145, 125, 105, 88, 70, 45, 20. No one looked older than age 50 with full hair, teeth, memory. Special Amish Keiffer was the lead factor. Philippines area has the highest IQ ,about 145 IQ average, consumption of iodine/similar 15 mg a day. Iodine in USA is .2 mg. Polyester wraps put on cats up to 75-100% sterilized over 2 years. Do not wear polyester underwear, bras. I met a man, west of Chicago, his group chemist tested Styrofoam 1960s, in breast cancer. Man sent research, to Washington DC, Dems quiet. People and dogs brought back from cancer, with Nobel related 1896, kill, parasites, worms, fungus, alkalize, no shots. Amish special Keiffer, real vitamins, class bottle water, organic cotton(3500HZ) bedding, wool(5000HZ) (Wormwood, cloves, walnut hulls), Diatom. Earth. Microplastics.About the author Michael Potokar graduated from the University Of Illinois, with a B.S. in Finance. He is a certified general real estate appraiser, all types of real estate, in the state of Illinois. He was born in Chicago. He lifts weights, runs and researches ways people could be the most healthy and perform at their optimal levels. Inflammation out, poisons out, body chemistry in balance. He was not right for over four years in his twenties, he was sent home to die. His problems are common to most people today. Poison foods, containers, others factors that governments know damage people, but leave them on the market. He has developed a product that he believes is the best and gathered information to give you a 20/20 healthy, attractive body. 20/20 as the first time you put glasses on and see how clear you see. Very few people are at the 20/20 level. Roger describes heaven and the upper dimension area, the day-to-day, month-to-month, and year-to-year operating in and down to Earth and on other life systems. He remembers going back thousands of years before he took human form about 2,500 years ago. Roger operated as an angelic being before he was born. He had no visual, to clear solid, to whitish-clear solid appearance on Earth. He had full high speed travel ability with movement, full thinking, memory, sight and hearing. He looks to have a documentary movie with evidence and witnesses to his angelic appearance before he was born to be placed in the front of an Earth Prophecy: The Answer, the movie.

September Part 1! Paul Hill and Dr. Jenifer "Dr. Dust" Millard host.  Damien Phillips, John Wildridge and Dustin Ruoff produce. So it turns out…  -The Milky Way may have done a back flip… -News about the Swift telescope,  -NASA raiding its bare cupboards, and -A super fast star.  -A nova in Sagitta! Also… -Our usual skyguide and wittering.  -Oh, and a song.  You will be full of antici……….pation!   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

 | Artist  | Title  | Album Name  | Album Copyright  | The Milk Men  | Jimmy The Weasel  | The Milky Way  |   | Cheryl Lescom and the Tuscon Choir Boys  | We Ride At Dawn  | Last Call  |   |   | Steve Howell & Fats Kaplin  | Black Dog  | Know You From Old  |   | Lawson-Haggart Rockin' Band  | Dumplin's  | Great Rock 'n Roll Instrumentals, Vol. 1 CD 2  | Roy Hogsed  | Snake Dance Boogie  | Roots of Rock N' Roll Vol 7 1951  | Vince Yaylor  | Brand New Cadillac  | The Best Of British Rock 'n' Roll [Disc 2)  | Richard Townend And The Mighty Bosscats  | Fly High  | Normal  |   |   | Richard Townend And The Mighty Bosscats  | Fix A Broken Mind  | Normal  |   |   | The Stumble  | Just Stop  | The Other Side (2016)  | Dee's Honeytones  | Big Bess  | Wow Wow  |   | Billy Hamilton & The Lowriders  | Fancy Man  | Pay Some Money  |   | Louis Armstrong with Jack Teagarden_14_track  | Ole Rockin' Chair  | Jazz On A Summer's Day  | Rev Gary Davis  | I've Done All My Singing For My Lord  | Live at Newport: July 1965  | Rev. A Johnson  | Death in the Morning  | 1950s Gospel Classics~Complete Recordings (1950-1958) DOCD-5464  | Tas Cru  | Tired of a Bluesmen Cryin'  | Simmered and Stewed  | Tiny Flaws  | Lady Of The Manor  | Tiny Flaws  | 

The center of the Milky Way Galaxy is packed with treasures: stars, dead stars, gas clouds, and lots of planets. And a new space telescope will spend a lot of its time sorting it all out. That’s one of several big projects for Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, NASA’s next big space observatory. The telescope will see the heavens as clearly as Hubble Space Telescope does. But its view will be much wider. And it’ll study the universe mainly in the infrared – wavelengths that are invisible to the human eye. Roman will tackle some of the biggest problems in modern science. As one example, it’ll look away from the center of the Milky Way to study more than a billion other galaxies, and to look for exploding stars. That combination will help us understand how the universe is expanding – a key for deciphering the mystery of dark energy. The telescope’s survey of the center of the galaxy could reveal thousands of new planets. And a special instrument – using a technique proposed by Nancy Roman herself – could provide images of some of those planets. A planet will appear only as a bright dot, with no detail. But breaking down its light will tell us a bit about the planet’s size, temperature, and composition. The center of the Milky Way is in Sagittarius, which is low in the south at nightfall. Its brightest stars outline a teapot. The heart of the galaxy is in the steam above the spout of the teapot. Script by Damond Benningfield

So it turns the Milkyway may have done a back flip...news about the Swift telescope, NASA raiding its bare cupboards, and a super fast star. Also our usual skyguide and wittering. Ohnand a song. You will be full of antici.....pation! Produced by Paul, Jen, John, Damien & Dustin

Away from city lights and bright moonlight, this is the time of year to see the faint band of the Milky Way stretching right over the top of the sky. Support this podcast: https://www.deltapublicmedia.org/donate/

Submit Voicemail!  This episode's guests:John Barentine, Dark Sky Consulting, LLCLin Meng, EcologistZhe Zhu, Remote Sensing SpecialistBill's News Picks: A Big Government Decision Could Change Theme Parks Forever, Erica Lauren, Inside the Magic. Artificial light at night extends pollen season and elevates allergen exposure, PNAS Nexus. Breckenridge's dark night skies are dreamy — but they come at a cost, Emma VandenEinde, MarketPlace. Conservation group praises new Kentucky law requiring crops be shielded from lights on state roads, Derek Operle, WKMS. Every SpaceX Starlink satellite has to dodge a collision almost weekly, and experts fear the worst, Space. Support the showA hearty thank you to all of our paid supporters out there. You make this show possible.For only the cost of one coffee each month you can help us to continue to grow. That's $3 a month. If you like what we're doing, if you think this adds value in any way, why not say thank you by becoming a supporter!Why Support Light Pollution News?Receive quarterly invite to join as live audience member for recordings with special Q&A session post recording with guests.Receive all of the news for that month via a special Supporter monthly mailer.Satisfaction that your support helps further critical discourse on this topic.About Light Pollution News:Ever wonder why migrating birds crash into buildings? Or why you can't sleep at night? What about where you can still see the Milky Way? Light Pollution News explores how our 24/7 lit world affects everything from wildlife and human health to our understanding of the stars, travel, and the future of our cities. Host Bill McGeeney brings on rotating guests to help dig into the latest research, policy activity, and real-world solutions - from how irresponsible lighting degrades our health to the best dark sky destinations for your next trip. Whether you're a birder, conservationist, astrophotographer, or just someone who misses sleeping in darkness, this is the show that connects the dots between your disappear...

Eighty percent of the world's population can't see the Milky Way. Light pollution interferes. Author and adventurer Craig Childs, of Norwood, Colorado, writes about a trek from light to dark in his book, "The Wild Dark: Finding the Night Sky in the Age of Light." It takes readers from the incandescence of Las Vegas to the spangled skies of rural Nevada. It was named a finalist this month for a Colorado Book Award in creative nonfiction. Childs spoke with Sr. Host Ryan Warner at the Mountain Words Festival in Crested Butte in May of 2025 after the book's release. 

On today's episode, we'll hear about some special footy games happening in the next few weeks honouring a sporting star. And, speaking of stars, we'll head to a remote part of Australia to peer deep into the Milky Way galaxy.  Plus, it's Wear it Purple day! So, pop your best purple accessories on and let's get going.  Quiz Questions1.Which team does Jai Arrow play for?2.What colour should people wear to show their support for LGBTQIA+ youth?3.In which state or territory would you find the newest Dark Sky Sanctuary? Answers1.South Sydney Rabbitohs2.Purple3.Northern TerritoryAnd your News Noodler... What might we be able to do to reduce light pollution, and see more stars? 

Flock cameras are watching more than roads; humanity gets a dazzling view of the Milky Way.

Take a deep dive into the realms of imaginative science fiction, including eight brand-new stories by award-winning author Alison McBain. Diving into Nebulae brings you over two dozen of McBain's most popular SF stories, including her award-winning and nominated shorts “Pillar of Salt,” “What Are Friends For?” and “Asylum.”So, grab your mitt to play some baseball in space, punch your ticket for the first traveling circus at the Milky Way station, and prepare to delve into a future that's sometimes dark, sometimes hopeful, but always full of adventure!Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/houseofmysteryradio. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

SpaceTime Series 29 Episode 101 *NASA scraps its Swift rescue mission NASA has been forced to abandon its planned rescue mission to save the Swift Gamma Ray Space Telescope. *The Milky Way's first big galactic collision Astronomers have discovered what was probably the first major galactic collision involving our home galaxy the Milky Way cannibalising a dwarf galaxy less than two billion years after the big bang. *Understanding the stuff atoms are made of New observations by the world's largest atom smasher have revealed some of the basic fundamental physics of the universe, challenging long-standing theories of how gluons behave inside atomic nuclei. *The Science Report Australia records its first confirmed case of H5 N1 bird flu in a mammal on the nation's main land. How bushfires are polluting water supplies with arsenic. Successful Phase 3 trials of a new Australian developed personalized mRNA cancer vaccine. The growing impact of plastic pollution on Lord Howe Island's Sable Shearwaters rookery. Over 90% of Blue Mountains rainforests wrongly catalogued as eucalypt forests. The Skeptics guide to the ghost of the Crying Tree pub.Our guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics And Senior science writer and Sky and Telescope magazine contributor Jonathan Nally  

Hosted by Chris Beckett & Shane Ludtke, two amateur astronomers in Saskatchewan who enjoy teaching astronomy classes and showing the public views through their telescopes. actualastronomy@gmail.com   On Episode 547 of Actual Astronomy, hosts Chris and Shane guide listeners through observing an array of August Messier objects across the constellations Ophiuchus, Scorpius, and Sagittarius. The show details viewing techniques for globular and open clusters—highlighting targets like the egg-shaped globular M19, the historical Ptolemy's Cluster (M7), and the beginner-friendly M23. Additionally, they explore iconic Milky Way nebulae, including the active star-forming Lagoon Nebula (M8) and the nearby Trifid Nebula (M20) with its distinctive three-lobed dark dust lanes.   1. M10 & M12 (Globular Clusters in Ophiuchus) - Binoculars: Sweeping through central Ophiuchus reveals these two bright globulars in the same binocular field. They appear as soft, distinct bluishgray spheres. - Telescope: In an 8-inch telescope, M12 resolves well into individual stars across its core, while M10 appears somewhat more tightly packed, brighter toward the center, and slightly fuzzier at the edges. - Compare the two side-by-side: Despite being located near each other in our sky, M12 has lost a significant portion of its lower-mass stars due to repeated passages through the Milky Way's dense galactic disk.   2. M107 (Globular Cluster in Ophiuchus) - Binoculars: A challenging target for binoculars; requires dark skies and averted vision to spot as a minute, faint smudge. - Telescope: Small-to-medium telescopes reveal a delicate, somewhat un-concentrated patch of light with a loose core. - M107 contains noticeable dark dust lanes or obscuring regions, which is relatively rare for a globular cluster, giving it a unique visual texture in medium-to-large scopes.   3. M9 (Globular Cluster in Ophiuchus) - Binoculars: Similar in scale to M107, though slightly brighter and easier to catch in 10x50s on a clear night. - Telescope: Small scopes show a bright, unresolved central nucleus surrounded by a faint, grainy halo. - M9 is located remarkably close to the Galactic Centre—only about 5,500 light-years away from it. It lies near dark nebulae like Barnard 64, making the surrounding starfield visually compelling.   4. M19 & M62 (Globular Clusters in Ophiuchus) - Binoculars: Separated by about 4 degrees, both fit easily into a standard binocular field of view south of M10/M12. They look like round, soft patches brightening toward their centers, with M19 appearing noticeably brighter. - Telescope: Smaller telescopes show compact, fuzzy disks. Moderate magnification begins resolving outer stars on both. - M19 is famous for being one of the most distinctly oblate (egg-shaped) globular clusters known, likely due to tidal forces from its proximity to the galactic core. - M62 has an asymmetric core, heavily deformed by galactic tidal forces, and hosts a rich population of millisecond pulsars.   5. M6 (The Butterfly Cluster) & M7 (Ptolemy's Cluster) Scorpius - Naked Eye: Both are bright and obvious to the naked eye under dark skies near the "stinger" of Scorpius. - Binoculars: Binoculars provide the absolute best view. Both clusters fit together in a wide 10x50 field. M7 is larger and brighter; M6 displays a striking butterfly-like star arrangement. - M7 is one of the oldest recorded deep-sky objects, noted by Ptolemy in 130 AD. - The orange giant star BM Scorpii, which sits on the wing of the "Butterfly" in M6 and adds a nice pop of stellar color contrast.   6. M8 (The Lagoon Nebula) Sagittarius - Naked Eye: Appears as a distinct, hazy patch in the Milky Way band above Scorpius. - Binoculars: Shows as a huge, glowing oval patch—larger than the full Moon—with several bright stars embedded within it. - Telescope / Filters: A UHC or O-III filter enhances the dark dust lane ("the lagoon") bisecting the bright nebulosity. - M8 is an active star-forming region containing Bok globules (collapsing clouds of protostellar gas) and the famous "Hourglass Nebula" region at its core.   7. M20 (The Trifid Nebula) Sagittarius - Binoculars: Located just 1.4 degrees northwest of M8. Appears as a faint, ghostly glow surrounding a central triple/multiple star system. - Telescope: Medium scopes under dark skies reveal the dark dust lanes splitting the bright emission portion into three distinct lobes. - M20 is a rare "triple threat" nebula containing an emission nebula (red in photos), a reflection nebula (blue in photos), and a dark dust lane network (Barnard 85) that gives it its name.   8. M21 (Open Cluster) Sagittarius - Binoculars: Situated right next to M20. Appears as a small, compact, bright knot of stars. - Telescope: Low-power views easily resolve 20–30 stars packed tightly together. - The "Trifid Trio": In wide-field eyepieces or binoculars, you can view M8, M20, and M21 all in a single field of view, offering one of the most spectacular Milky Way vistas available to visual observers.   9. M23 (Open Cluster) Sagittarius - Telescope: Low magnification is key. Small telescopes easily resolve over 80–100 stars spread across a wide field in subtle arc-like patterns. - M23 sits against a rich background Milky Way star field, making low-power wide-field views ideal. It is an excellent target for beginners practicing star-hopping in northern late-summer skies.   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

Coming up, health agencies grapple with a Salmonella outbreak across Europe. What's behind it? Also, astronomers spot the fastest-moving star in the Milky Way, hurtling around the supermassive black hole at the heart of the galaxy; regulators in the United States have followed Europe's lead by approving an influenza vaccine that relies on mRNA technology; and we explore the remnants of Neapolitan wine on a 2,000-year-old shipwreck off the coast of Italy. Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Hosted by our Director, Avivah Yamani. Meet S301, the fastest known star in the Milky Way, racing around Sagittarius A* and offering astronomers a new way to measure the spin of our galaxy's supermassive black hole.   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

On April 15, 1988, seventeen-year-old Randy Wayne Leach borrowed his mother's Dodge 600 and drove into the Kansas night. Neither Randy nor the car was ever seen again. What followed was a decades-long descent into the strange era of the American Satanic Panic, mysterious fires, sealed records, suspicious witnesses, dead investigators, and rumors of something wicked hiding beyond the cornfields. But beneath the carnival of conspiracy lies an even darker possibility: that a young man simply vanished without leaving so much as a tire track behind. This week, we discuss a tragedy in rural Kansas, where the truth has been missing since 1988. And somewhere in the darkness, the Devil may be watching... And the Devil can take many forms. Citizens of the Milky Way, prepare yourselves for The Devil In Kansas! 

Bob Zimmerman details the robotic mission by startup Catalyst to rescue NASA's Swift Space Telescope, utilizing innovative software to maneuver a servicing craft despite thruster failures. He highlights SpaceX's massive Starshipproduction line in Boca Chica, noting that four prototypes are ready for monthly launches and upcoming orbital refueling tests. Zimmerman also discusses Lockheed Martin's strategic investments in rocket startups like Firefly to secure launch capabilities. On the international front, he reports on Poland's successful protest against Starlink roaming restrictions and Vietnam's first satellite contract with an American company, SpaceX, signaling a shift toward U.S. ties. Additionally, Zimmerman covers the State Department's efforts to pull India away from Russian space partnerships and NASA's collaboration with the Department of Energy on nuclear propulsion for Mars. He concludes with breathtaking imagery of stars orbiting the Milky Way's central black hole. (5)

TABLE OF CONTENTS THE JOHN BATCHELOR SHOW 8-14-2026.Jeff Bliss discusses the severe threats posed by a potential "super El Niño," which could lead to massive coastal erosion, mudslides, and heavy rains in Los Angeles, similar to the damage seen in previous severe weather years. He also reports on active wildfires in California, such as the Timber Fire in Monterey County and the Bug Fire near the Nevada border, noting that humans cause roughly 90 to 95% of these blazes. Shifting to entertainment, Bliss describes the highly anticipated opening of the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art, which features the "Skywalker Grill"—a restaurant causing excitement among Los Angeles foodies for its Michelin-star potential. Additionally, Bliss covers the landmark $12.8 billion purchase of the Los Angeles Lakers by a group involving Jared Kushner and Bob Iger. Finally, he touches on the legal controversy surrounding the Paramount-Skydance merger and David Ellison's threat to move production out of Hollywood. (1)Gene Marks shares insights from White House advisor Kevin Hassett regarding the validity of government economic data, with Hassett favoring durable goods orders and unemployment claims over revised surveys. Marks reports a generally positive outlook for small businesses, citing an uptick in optimism and a four-year high in manufacturing activity driven by the AI and data center explosion. He notes that while tariffs and $4 gasoline remain concerns, many businesses are absorbing costs without significant impact on sales. Marks characterizes the United States as an "entrepreneur's paradise" because of the ease of starting a business and the high availability of capital. He highlights that nearly half a million new business applications are filed monthly, supported by record levels of private debt and venture capital. Marks concludes that despite various uncertainties, the small business sector remains resilient and is continuing to hire. (2)Jim McTague provides a report on the "mixed" economy of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, observing that retail activity is picking up due to back-to-school shopping despite inflationary pressures. He notes that discount giants like Costco are packed as shoppers seek relief from high prices, while tourism traffic at local hotels and amusement parks has lightened midweek. McTague also highlights local opposition to data centers, making them a contentious political issue for upcoming elections. A central focus is the "Heritage Paris" patisserie at Park City Mall, where a French chef sells premium handcrafted pastries. McTague describes high-end offerings like the "Popcorn Illusion" pastry priced at $17.95, illustrating a market for luxury food even in a cautious economy. He humorously recounts his own difficulty resisting these treats while on a low-carb diet, emphasizing that the shop is a significant draw for local residents. (3)Lorenzo Fiori describes a "disaster" situation in Europe caused by severe drought and record heat, with water restrictions implemented in Swiss towns and critically low levels in northern Italy's Po River. The drought has turned the normally green Alps brown and disrupted lake navigation. Simultaneously, Sicily's Mount Etna has entered a prolonged eruption phase, spewing ash for seven days and forcing the cancellation of 700 flights at Catania airport during the peak tourist season. Fiori notes the chaos caused by tourists seeking "eruption selfies" in dangerous areas. For a cultural reprieve, he recommends the Bernina Express rail journey, which reaches the highest railway point in Europe. He also shares a traditional recipe for polenta with Gorgonzola cheese, paired with local Valtellina wine, though he expresses concern that the drought may soon impact milk production from Alpine cows. (4)Bob Zimmerman details the robotic mission by startup Catalyst to rescue NASA's Swift Space Telescope, utilizing innovative software to maneuver a servicing craft despite thruster failures. He highlights SpaceX's massive Starshipproduction line in Boca Chica, noting that four prototypes are ready for monthly launches and upcoming orbital refueling tests. Zimmerman also discusses Lockheed Martin's strategic investments in rocket startups like Firefly to secure launch capabilities. On the international front, he reports on Poland's successful protest against Starlink roaming restrictions and Vietnam's first satellite contract with an American company, SpaceX, signaling a shift toward U.S. ties. Additionally, Zimmerman covers the State Department's efforts to pull India away from Russian space partnerships and NASA's collaboration with the Department of Energy on nuclear propulsion for Mars. He concludes with breathtaking imagery of stars orbiting the Milky Way's central black hole. (5)Alex Wright, author of Empire of Ink: The Printers, Rogues, and Radicals Who Invented the American Newspaper, Part Two: Wright recounts the history of American newspapers, focusing on the Civil War's impact on journalism. He highlights George Smalley's groundbreaking combat reporting at Antietam, where Smalley wrote a vivid account on a night train to secure the "scoop of all scoops" for the Tribune. Wright also explores "soldier-published" newspapers that provided a slice of camp life and the origins of Stars and Stripes. Moving west, he describes the dangerous life of frontier editors, such as Mark Twain, who carried revolvers to defend against aggrieved readers and occasionally fled town to avoid duels. Wright explains how newspapers became "gold mines" by discovering the revenue potential of patent medicine advertising, which once accounted for half of all ads. He concludes by drawing parallels between the fragmented, anything-goes media landscape of the 19th century and today's digital era of content creators and AI. (6)Henry Sokolski examines the "Golden Dome," a proposed $185 billion space-based missile defense project that mirrors the Cold War-era SDI. He warns that the program's lack of transparency is "suicidal" for its funding, as Congress remains in the dark about its primary mission. Sokolski notes that while technology is closer to practicality than 40 years ago, current threats are often low-cost drones rather than intercontinental missiles. In the energy sector, he highlights Elon Musk's $10 billion "Project Crystal Sun" solar factory in Texas, which Musk frames as capturing the "fusion reactor" of the sun. Sokolski observes that even conservative states are voting with their pocketbooks for renewables as battery storage investments double. Finally, he touches on a mutual defense pact between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, suggesting a "Sunni NATO" is emerging due to a lack of confidence in U.S. security guarantees. (7)Angela DiFulvio explains a theoretical method for detecting nuclear weapons in low Earth orbit to prevent catastrophes like the 1962 Starfish Prime experiment, which destroyed a third of existing satellites. She describes an "inspector" satellite designed to induce a unique radioactive signature from fissile material using high-energy protons. DiFulvio details technical challenges, such as "pulse shape discrimination," to distinguish weapon-related neutrons from background cosmic radiation in the harsh space environment. She suggests that an international agency like the IAEAmight oversee these inspectors to ensure space remains weapon-free. DiFulvio emphasizes that while tests can occur in classified environments, more research is needed on the survivability of sensing electronics. She warns that a modern orbital nuclear detonation would be catastrophic for global infrastructure, specifically mentioning the vulnerability of massive constellations like Starlink. (8)

This episode covers three very different astronomy stories and then moves into a lively Q&A with listener questions. Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson discuss a possible sugary molecule in the center of the Milky Way, the risk lunar landers may contaminate ice that could preserve clues to life's origins, and a new way to track lost dogs using satellite connectivity. The second half of the episode answers questions about moons with atmospheres, secret astronomy, hot Jupiters, and black hole mergers.Key topicsIn this episode, Fred Watson explains an update from Peter Verweyen on MOND, now referred to as Aether Scalar Tensor Theory, and how it relates to dark matter and dark energy debates.We discuss the detection of erythrulose, a sugar molecule found in interstellar gas clouds near the center of the Milky Way, and why this matters for prebiotic chemistry.Fred describes how molecules like sugar can form in cold molecular clouds before stars and planets exist, making some ingredients for life surprisingly common.We discuss a new study warning that rocket exhaust from future lunar landings could contaminate ice in permanently shadowed craters at the Moon's south pole.The Moon's polar ice may contain ancient prebiotic molecules delivered by comets, asteroids, and dust, making it a possible time capsule for the chemistry that led to life.We discuss the practical and ethical problem that landers have to use rocket engines, and those exhaust plumes may spread methane and other organics across the lunar surface very quickly.Fred shares how satellite-based direct-to-cell or direct-to-mobile systems could help locate lost dogs in remote places without cell coverage.We discuss how this kind of tracking builds on existing GPS pet trackers, and how it could be useful in wilderness areas, while also noting the limits and concerns in national parks.Timestamps(00:00) Start of the episode and what's coming up(03:12) MOND update and the new AEST name(07:10) A sugary molecule in the center of our galaxy(09:51) Why sugar can form in deep space before stars exist(12:24) Why lunar landings could contaminate the Moon's ice(14:54) The Moon as a time capsule for prebiotic molecules(16:24) Methane exhaust and rapid contamination risk(18:37) Should the Moon be protected like a national park?(20:28) Satellite tracking for lost dogs in remote areas(24:52) Direct-to-mobile satellite technology explained(25:44) The Judas goat program and invasive species controlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.

Hosted by our Director, Avivah Yamani. Explore the August 2026 equatorial sky, from the Perseids and Milky Way to bright planets and the August 12 total solar eclipse.   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

In this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, join host Andrew Dunkley and astronomer Fred Watson Watson as they tackle a variety of fascinating questions from listeners. From the peculiarities of Martian days to the mysteries of black holes and the galactic centre, this episode is filled with enlightening discussions that are sure to spark curiosity about the cosmos.In this episode:- John asks about the implications of Mars' longer day length on human biology and potential adaptations for future colonists.- Dan inquires about the growth of black holes, exploring how quickly they can develop into supermassive entities and what happens when there's nothing left to consume.- Young Thomas, just 11 years old, poses several intriguing questions about the galactic centre, including whether it can swallow all stars and planets in the galaxy, and the limits of a black hole's gravitational reach.- Paul reflects on historical discoveries in astronomy, specifically how Harlow Shapley determined our Sun's position within the Milky Way, challenging the long-held belief that it was at the centre.Join Andrew and Fred Watson as they explore these thought-provoking questions and more, encouraging listeners to continue their journey of exploration and discovery in the universe.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.(00:00) This is a Q and A edition where we take audience questions(02:16) When and if Mars is populated with humans, how would we work with longer day(08:50) Andrew: How astronauts deal with gravity when they land on Earth(11:47) Dan from the Gold coast has some questions about black holes(12:51) Fred: How fast do black holes grow? Dan asks fundamental astrophysics question(18:17) Fred asks five questions about black holes from Thomas Reid, 11(22:03) Thomas asks if black holes can swallow up all stars and planets(24:31) Final question comes from Paul from Las Vegas(26:42) It was actually 1919 when that discovery was made(34:24) We continue to receive great questions from great listeners and long may it continue

Writer & Narrator: Thomas Jones

Salvatore Vitale and Calin Plunkett continue: to uncover the origins of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, scientists propose building larger gravitational wave detectors scaled up by a factor of ten. These advanced observatories would allow researchers to peer further back into cosmic history, potentially detecting black holes from the very early universe. Expanding the global network to four or five detectors would help pinpoint host galaxies and detect the formation of heavy elements. (8)1836 ROYAL OBERVATORY, GREENWICH UK

C Constable reports from France on the high heat and smoke impact near Bordeaux. The discussion shifts to surging energy prices, with Brent crude rising 26% and European gas up 36%. Despite high energy costs, rising copper prices suggest potential industrial growth. (1)Simon Constable and Jim McTague continue with a quiz highlighting that typical data centers use 300,000 gallons of water daily, while larger ones can reach 5 million gallons. Currently, most centers are urban, but 67% of planned facilities are rural. In Lancaster County, a "tale of two data centers" emerges as one town embraces the revenue stream while another resists it due to misinformation and fear. (2)Cliff May argues for maximum pressure and coercive diplomacy to prevent the Islamic Republic of Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons. He advocates for a naval blockade, specifically targeting oil exports from Kharg Island to strangle the regime's revenue. May emphasizes that the Iranian leadership's ideology makes them likely to use nuclear weapons, necessitating a strategy to cripple the regime's power. (3)John Hardie and Bill Roggio cover the significant leadership change in Ukraine as General Drapatyi replaces General Syrskyi as commander-in-chief. Drapatyi is seen as a representative of a new, western-style generation of officers who embrace technological innovation and listen to subordinates. The transition aims to "desovietize" the military and maintain the momentum of successful drone offensives against Russian infrastructure. (4)Anatol Lieven examines how the Ukraine and Iran conflicts are merging into one global struggle following a Ukrainiandrone strike on an Iranian vessel. This escalation threatens global energy supplies of refined oil products, as Russianrefineries struggle with capacity. While Ukraine targets the Russian middle class to undermine support for the war, Lieven warns of a widening proxy war involving China, North Korea, and Iran. (5)Anatol Lieven turns to Britain's new political era under Prime Minister Andy Burnham, who is described as the Labour Party's "last chance" to address a discredited government. Burnham faces immense financial pressure, particularly regarding the costs of healthcare for the elderly and dementia. To succeed, he may need to pivot from "Net Zero" policies to prioritize energy needs and seek a new mandate through an election. (6)Salvatore Vitale and Kalin Plunkett of MIT explain hierarchical merging, a process where black holes merge repeatedly to create larger "monsters." By analyzing gravitational waves from 155 binary pairs, they discovered that 14% are second-generation black holes, born from previous mergers rather than stellar collapse. These second-generation black holes are characterized by rapid spin and mass asymmetry, providing clues to how supermassive black holes form in galaxies. (7)Salvatore Vitale and Kalin Plunkett continue: to uncover the origins of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, scientists propose building larger gravitational wave detectors scaled up by a factor of ten. These advanced observatories would allow researchers to peer further back into cosmic history, potentially detecting black holes from the very early universe. Expanding the global network to four or five detectors would help pinpoint host galaxies and detect the formation of heavy elements. (8)Arthur Herman recounts the historic 1896 meeting where Henry Ford pitched his internal combustion engine to a skeptical Thomas Edison. Edison's encouragement served as the catalyst for Ford's revolution in American transportation. This industrial transformation was further enabled by John D. Rockefeller, whose ability to lower oil prices made gasoline an economically feasible fuel for mass production. The segment also highlights George Washington's vision for a professional Continental Army. (9)Arthur Herman explains the American founders were heavily influenced by the Scottish Enlightenment, particularly the ideas of David Hume and Adam Smith regarding the pursuit of happiness. This subjective right was prioritized over property to potentially allow for the future abolition of slavery. The founding spirit extended to the Northwest Ordinance, creating communities like Marietta, Ohio, that were dedicated to education, religion, and freedom. (10)Arthur Herman characterizes Abraham Lincoln as a founder for his vision of an America without slavery and his willingness to risk the Union to fulfill the Declaration of Independence. His administration's legacy includes the Homestead Act and the Transcontinental Railroad, which expanded the "empire of liberty." Additionally, the Civil War era facilitated the rise of Andrew Carnegie, who later revolutionized the global steel industry using the Bessemerprocess. (11)Arthur Herman reframes the Gilded Age not as an era of greed, but as a period of unprecedented opportunity and connectivity driven by the railroad. James J. Hill's Great Northern Railway fostered regional prosperity and negotiated fairly with Native American tribes. Meanwhile, Thomas Edison's relentless competitiveness and "restless mind" led to the electrification of the nation and the invention of the phonograph, inspiring future generations of founders like Elon Musk. (12)Arthur Herman contrasts Woodrow Wilson's attempt to centrally manage industry during World War I, which resulted in logistical chaos and failure, with FDR's embrace of the private sector for World War II, appointing GM's Bill Knudsento lead mobilization. By relying on the incentives of the marketplace, Knudsen successfully converted American manufacturing into a massive war machine, producing more war material than the world imagined in just 18 months. (13)Arthur Herman presents Martin Luther King Jr. as a founder who refounded the American experiment by taking risks to fulfill the promise of equality. The segment explores the eternal conflict between the bold "founder mindset" and the cautious "manager instinct" that emerged in the 1950s. While managers seek stability and predictability, founders drive innovation and national greatness, preventing the American dream from becoming stagnant and stale. (14)Arthur Herman credits Vannevar Bush's "The Endless Frontier" manifesto with persuading FDR to fund basic scientific research through universities, laying the groundwork for Silicon Valley. This federal support enabled discoveries in information theory and microchip development, transforming the American economy. The evolution from massive mainframes like the IBM 360 to modern microchips illustrates the imaginative leap of founders who see opportunities where others see only current technology. (15)Arthur Herman concludes that today's founders, including Elon Musk and Donald Trump, continue the tradition of taking massive risks to fulfill bold visions. Musk's goals for SpaceX and Mars are described as a step-by-step process of industrial manufacturing and innovation. Central to this enduring success is the Patent Act of 1790, a unique constitutional protection that ensures individuals own the products of their minds, fueling 250 years of American discovery. (16)Corrections applied per the log: John Hardie (transcribed as "Hardy," segment 4) and Labour Party (UK spelling, segment 6). I also dropped the phonetic "(Chopati)" after General Drapatyi in segment 4 — that's Mykhailo Drapatyi, so the first spelling stands. One to confirm for the log: Kalin Plunkett (segments 7–8) — I couldn't verify this MIT researcher's spelling; if it's from audio, it may need checking against the MIT LIGO group roster.

Bob Zimmerman notes the Deep Space Network facility in Spain narrowly avoided destruction by wildfires, highlighting the fragility of planetary communication nodes. Beyond Earth, astronomers have observed a precipitous drop in star formation within the Andromeda galaxy as it moves toward an eventual collision with the Milky Way. Additionally, NASA's Dragonfly mission to Titan faces potential power shortages from its nuclear sources. Despite these risks, commercial space continues to expand into private stations. (16)1958

SCHEDULE FOR THE JOHN BATCHELOR SHOW, 7-29-26.1885  CHILE STEEL SIDED WARSHIPRebecca Grant and Gordon Chang report China is escalating provocations against the Philippines and Japan, including dangerous maneuvers near Second Thomas Shoal and firing missiles from submarines. Grant highlights the US Navy's preparedness to defend allies, noting a "red line" if Filipino sailors are killed. Despite China's permanent presence, the US maintains dominance through carrier strike groups and superior undersea warfare. The lack of operational officers on China's Central Military Commission suggests potential command risks. (1)Rick Fisher and Gordon Chang discuss reports that China is transferring hundreds of advanced QW-12 and FN-16 man-portable air-defense systems (MANPADS) to Iran via Hong Kong intermediaries. Fisher warns this poses a significant threat to US aircraft in the Strait of Hormuz. Chang advocates for reimposing sanctions on Hong Kong. The transfer, which China denies, represents a major escalation and highlights China's ongoing role in arming US adversaries like North Korea and Pakistan. (2)Charles Burton and Gordon Chang note Xi Jinping broke tradition by skipping the 50th anniversary of the devastating Tangshan earthquake, sending a surrogate instead. Burton suggests this absence may signal political instability or paranoia regarding his domestic standing. The earthquake historically symbolizes a loss of the "mandate of heaven." Furthermore, vacancies on the Central Military Commission and the mysterious death of former Premier Li Keqiangindicate profound internal disarray and a lack of clear succession. (3)Charles Burton and Gordon Chang discuss how trade tensions and rhetoric from the US have led to increased disdain among Canadians toward their neighbor. Burton discusses a poll showing Canadians view China more favorably than the US due to perceived economic threats from American tariffs. While the integrated North American market remains strong, Canadian provincial governments are reportedly restricting US alcohol sales. There are even suggestions that Canada should adopt "resistance" strategies similar to Ukraine. (4)Evan Ellis reports Keiko Fujimori has been inaugurated as Peru's president, appointing a respected center-right cabinet focused on fiscal discipline and US alignment. However, she faces challenges from endemic insecurity, corruption, and significant Chinese investment. Meanwhile, the influence of Cuba remains a concern across Latin America, with accusations of espionage and interference in democratic processes. Díaz-Canel's regime is under pressure from the Trump administration, potentially facing coercive negotiations or military action. (5)Evan Ellis previews Brazil's upcoming October election, which pits the leftist Lula da Silva against Flavio Bolsonaro, son of the former president. While Lula currently leads in polls, his Workers' Party background and ties to the São Paulo Forum raise concerns about radicalism and increased engagement with China. Ellis warns that a Lula victory could lead Brazil into a recession and a state-centric social policy, potentially settling political scores while lacking necessary financial resources. (6)Evan Ellis surveys shifting political landscapes: Javier Milei is rallying support for the Bolsonaros in Brazil, highlighting a new era of cross-border political interference. In Colombia, President-elect Abelardo de la Espriella is signaling a pro-US shift by cutting ties with Cuba and Nicaragua. Conversely, Venezuela remains in a "holding pattern" under Delcy Rodríguez. Despite reports of crumbling oil infrastructure, major investment is unlikely until a legitimate government is established to address the nation's $240 billion debt. (7)Evan Ellis notes President Claudia Sheinbaum has seen success in reducing homicides and cooperating on border security, but deep-seated corruption persists. The USMCA's future is uncertain, with the Trump administration using ongoing negotiations as leverage. Additionally, China is quietly expanding its presence in Mexico's telecom and automotive sectors. Sheinbaum must navigate a delicate balance: pursuing economic diversification and relationships with China without jeopardizing critical access to the US market. (8)Michael Bernstam reports Ukrainian drone strikes on Russian refineries have severely pinched Moscow's fuel production, forcing it to import refined products from India. Bernstam argues that the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East have merged into a singular global energy crisis. With critical chokepoints like the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea threatened, a quarter of the world's oil supply is endangered. As governmental reserves dwindle, the US has become a primary exporter. (9)Michael Bernstam notes official statistics reveal the Russian economy has entered a state of stagnation, with GDP growth at a mere 0.2% for the first half of 2026. While weapons production remains high, the civilian economy—including agriculture and construction—is in recession. Bernstam notes that "perceived inflation" for Russian consumers is roughly 15%, significantly higher than official reports. Reckless interest rate cuts have further invited inflation, signaling a deepening commercial and fiscal crisis. (10)Sadanand Dhume observes that despite having a vast pool of engineers and data, India lags behind the US and China in developing frontier AI models. Dhume discusses the "winner-take-all" fear versus the belief that AI technology will eventually diffuse globally. While the Indian government is investing in semiconductors, many IT sector jobs in coding and back-office support are threatened by automation. The debate continues over whether India can successfully reap benefits without being a front-runner. (11)Sadanand Dhume examines India's "reservations" system, a rigid quota-based affirmative action program facing intense criticism for undermining university competitiveness. Originally intended to redress historical caste-based wrongs, quotas have expanded to cover roughly 60% of medical school seats. Dhume notes that while merit-based systems in Chinaprovide a brutal but efficient benchmark, Indian political parties fear touching the quota system would be "electoral suicide." This policy has entrenched caste identities. (12)General Blaine Holt analyzes reports of China supplying advanced shoulder-launched missiles (MANPADS) to Iran via Hong Kong and Pakistan, signaling a major geopolitical shift. Holt explains that while these weapons threaten low-flying aircraft, the supply chain is vulnerable to intelligence interdiction. Holt observes that recent Iranian escalations in Iraq and the Gulf suggest a fragmented leadership in disarray rather than a cohesive strategy. The US and Saudi Arabiaare actively striking Iranian-backed militias. (13)Mary Anastasia O'Grady reports that following a narrow election victory, center-right businessman Abelardo de la Espriella faces fierce opposition from outgoing President Gustavo Petro. Petro, a former M19 terrorist, has refused to recognize the results, alleging fraud and foreign interference. De la Espriella plans to take a hard line against illegal armed groups like the ELN and FARC. To build support, he intends to hold his inauguration at a military garrison, signaling a commitment to restoring national security. (14)Bob Zimmerman reports SpaceX's 13th Starship Super Heavy launch was a major success, demonstrating the reliability of Raptor 3 engines and the thermal protection system. Zimmerman highlights the shift toward a "capitalism model," where private companies manage missions for NASA. Meanwhile, a schizophrenic GAO report on NASA's workforce reductions suggests that budget cuts have not significantly impacted major projects, despite agency officials' claims that funding decreases are "disastrous." (15)Bob Zimmerman notes the Deep Space Network facility in Spain narrowly avoided destruction by wildfires, highlighting the fragility of planetary communication nodes. Beyond Earth, astronomers have observed a precipitous drop in star formation within the Andromeda galaxy as it moves toward an eventual collision with the Milky Way. Additionally, NASA's Dragonfly mission to Titan faces potential power shortages from its nuclear sources. Despite these risks, commercial space continues to expand into private stations. (16)Corrections applied: Rick Fisher (transcribed as "Fischer" in segment 2 — matching the spelling from your earlier batch), Delcy Rodríguez, Díaz-Canel, and São Paulo Forum with accents. Also standardized "man-pads" to MANPADS and hyphenated the QW-12/FN-16 designations. Stray double commas from the source cleaned throughout.5