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Read the full transcript here. How big is the current mental health crisis? What's causing it? What do we know about the age distribution of people suffering from mental health issues right now? Is the crisis just that more people are suffering from anxiety and depression, or is there an increase in other disorders as well? Why are psychiatrists seemingly very picky about which insurance policies they'll accept? What percent of hospital psychiatric patients are repeat visitors? What would an ideal mental health system look like? How effective are addiction detox programs? Why might suicide prevention programs backfire? Which disorders are associated with the highest risks of suicide? If a person attempts suicide but is saved, how likely are they to attempt it again? When is it better to see a psychologist than a psychiatrist and vice versa? What are some of the most exciting and most worrying parts of genetic medicine? How should we decide which diseases to study and which treatments to develop? What's an "invisible" victim? Is there any solution to the problem of invisible victimhood? How effective was the Affordable Care Act (AKA "Obamacare")? Are we collectively spending too much money on end-of-life care? How can medicine better incorporate preventive care? What is body integrity disorder? Why do we have such a hard time combating our biases relating to physical beauty? Should polygamy be morally and/or legally permissible? Should medical aid in dying (AKA "assisted suicide") be morally and/or legally permissible? Are doctors too willing to resuscitate dying patients?Jacob M. Appel is currently Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Education at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, where he is Director of Ethics Education in Psychiatry, Associate Director of the Academy for Medicine and the Humanities, and Medical Director of the Mental Health Clinic at the East Harlem Health Outreach Program. Jacob is the author of five literary novels, ten short story collections, an essay collection, a cozy mystery, a thriller, two volumes of poems and a compendium of dilemmas in medical ethics. He is Vice President and Treasurer of the National Book Critics Circle, co-chair of the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry's Committee on Psychiatry & Law, and a Councilor of the New York County Psychiatric Society and of the American Academy of Psychiatry & Law. Learn more about him at his website, jacobmappel.com.Further readingJacob (2019 documentary)"They Decide Who Lives, Who Dies" by Shana Alexander StaffSpencer Greenberg — Host / DirectorJosh Castle — ProducerRyan Kessler — Audio EngineerUri Bram — FactotumWeAmplify — TranscriptionistsMusicBroke for FreeJosh WoodwardLee RosevereQuiet Music for Tiny Robotswowamusiczapsplat.comAffiliatesClearer ThinkingGuidedTrackMind EasePositlyUpLift[Read more]

Send us a textBill Bartholomew discusses an article in The Boston Globe in which he states that he is mulling a run for lieutenant governor of Rhode Island, plus, Providence councilor Sue AnderBois stops by Bartholomewtown.  Support the show

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Distinguished Gentlemens Mototrbike Ride this Sunday, Mildura Field Days, Community Focus Advisory group meeting at Powerhouse Place and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Council Forum, Swimming Club Presentations Friday Night, Council Budget and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Anzac Day well supported, Working Group on Gambling meeting, Transport strategy and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

4/28/25: Jerry & Kara Noble on Fats Waller: “Keepin' Out of Mischief.” Megan Zinn w/ owner Hillary Hoffman of Federal St Books in Greenfield. Prof Amilcar Shabazz w/ Amherst Councilor Ellisha Walker on the need to keep DEI front & Center in Amherst. Amherst Town Mgr. Paul Bockelman updates on the budget, library, elementary school, and festivals.

Today we talk to EVAN DUNCAN, Chair of Property and Development Committee, Councilor, Charleswood, Tuxedo and Westwood, Jaden Braves, AIMEE MORRISON, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE U OF WATERLOO.

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Council Meeting tomorrow, Local Sidecar Champions for 2025, Easter Blockbuster Weekend and Anzac Day this Friday. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Guest Bio:  Dave Snowden divides his time between two roles: founder & Chief Scientific Officer of Cognitive Edge and the founder and Director of the Centre for Applied Complexity at the University of Wales.  Known for creating the sense-making framework, Cynefin, Dave's work is international in nature and covers government and industry looking at complex issues relating to strategy, organisational decision making and decision making.  He has pioneered a science-based approach to organisations drawing on anthropology, neuroscience and complex adaptive systems theory.  He is a popular and passionate keynote speaker on a range of subjects, and is well known for his pragmatic cynicism and iconoclastic style. He holds positions as extra-ordinary Professor at the Universities of Pretoria and Stellenbosch and visiting Professor at Bangor University in Wales respectively.  He has held similar positions at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Canberra University, the University of Warwick and The University of Surrey.  He held the position of senior fellow at the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies at Nanyang University and the Civil Service College in Singapore during a sabbatical period in Nanyang. His paper with Boone on Leadership was the cover article for the Harvard Business Review in November 2007 and also won the Academy of Management aware for the best practitioner paper in the same year.  He has previously won a special award from the Academy for originality in his work on knowledge management. He is a editorial board member of several academic and practitioner journals in the field of knowledge management and is an Editor in Chief of E:CO.  In 2006 he was Director of the EPSRC (UK) research programme on emergence and in 2007 was appointed to an NSF (US) review panel on complexity science research. He previously worked for IBM where he was a Director of the Institution for Knowledge Management and founded the Cynefin Centre for Organisational Complexity; during that period he was selected by IBM as one of six on-demand thinkers for a world-wide advertising campaign. Prior to that he worked in a range of strategic and management roles in the service sector. His company Cognitive Edge exists to integrate academic thinking with practice in organisations throughout the world and operates on a network model working with Academics, Government, Commercial Organisations, NGOs and Independent Consultants.  He is also the main designer of the SenseMaker® software suite, originally developed in the field of counter terrorism and now being actively deployed in both Government and Industry to handle issues of impact measurement, customer/employee insight, narrative based knowledge management, strategic foresight and risk management. The Centre for Applied Complexity was established to look at whole of citizen engagement in government and is running active programmes in Wales and elsewhere in areas such as social inclusion, self-organising communities and nudge economics together with a broad range of programmes in health.  The Centre will establish Wales as a centre of excellence for the integration of academic and practitioner work in creating a science-based approach to understanding society.   Social Media and Website LinkedIn: https://uk.linkedin.com/in/dave-snowden-2a93b Twitter: @snowded Website: Cognitive Edge https://www.cognitive-edge.com/   Books/ Resources: Book: Cynefin - Weaving Sense-Making into the Fabric of Our World by Dave Snowden and Friends https://www.amazon.co.uk/Cynefin-Weaving-Sense-Making-Fabric-World/dp/1735379905 Book: Hope Without Optimism by Terry Eagleton https://www.amazon.co.uk/Hope-Without-Optimism-Terry-Eagleton/dp/0300248679/ Book: Theology of Hope by Jurgen Moltmann https://www.amazon.co.uk/Theology-Hope-Classics-Jurgen-Moltmann/dp/0334028787 Poem: ‘Mending Wall' by Robert Frost https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44266/mending-wall Video: Dave Snowden on ‘Rewilding Agile' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrgaPDqet4c Article reference to ‘Rewilding Agile' by Dave Snowden https://cynefin.io/index.php/User:Snowded Field Guide to Managing Complexity (and Chaos) In Times of Crisis https://cynefin.io/index.php/Field_guide_to_managing_complexity_(and_chaos)_in_times_of_crisis Field Guide to Managing Complexity (and Chaos) In Times of Crisis (2) https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/managing-complexity-and-chaos-times-crisis-field-guide-decision-makers-inspired-cynefin-framework Cynefin Wiki https://cynefin.io/wiki/Main_Page   Interview Transcript Ula Ojiaku:  Dave, thank you for making the time for this conversation. I read in your, your latest book - the book, Cynefin: Weaving Sense Making into the Fabric of Our World, which was released, I believe, in celebration of the twenty first year of the framework. And you mentioned that in your childhood, you had multidisciplinary upbringing which involved lots of reading. Could you tell us a bit more about that? Dave Snowden:  I think it wasn't uncommon in those days. I mean, if you did… I mean, I did science A levels and mathematical A levels. But the assumption was you would read every novel that the academic English class were reading. In fact, it was just unimaginable (that) you wouldn't know the basics of history. So, if you couldn't survive that in the sixth form common room, and the basics of science were known by most of the arts people as well. So that that was common, right. And we had to debate every week anyway. So, every week, you went up to the front of the class and you were given a card, and you'd have the subject and which side you are on, and you had to speak for seven minutes without preparation. And we did that every week from the age of 11 to 18. And that was a wonderful discipline because it meant you read everything. But also, my mother was… both my parents were the first from working class communities to go to university. And they got there by scholarship or sheer hard work against the opposition of their families. My mother went to university in Germany just after the war, which was extremely brave of her -  you know, as a South Wales working class girl. So, you weren't allowed not to be educated, it was considered the unforgivable sin. Ula Ojiaku:   Wow. Did it mean that she had to learn German, because (she was) studying in Germany…? Dave Snowden:  She well, she got A levels in languages. So, she went to university to study German and she actually ended up as a German teacher, German and French. So, she had that sort of background. Yeah. Ula Ojiaku:  And was that what influenced you? Because you also mentioned in the book that you won a £60 prize? Dave Snowden:  Oh, no, that was just fun. So, my mum was very politically active. We're a South Wales labor. Well, I know if I can read but we were labor. And so, she was a local Councilor. She was always politically active. There's a picture of me on Bertrand Russell's knee and her as a baby on a CND march. So it was that sort of background. And she was campaigning for comprehensive education, and had a ferocious fight with Aiden Williams, I think, who was the Director of Education, it was really nasty. I mean, I got threatened on my 11 Plus, he got really nasty. And then so when (I was) in the sixth form, I won the prize in his memory, which caused endless amusement in the whole county. All right. I think I probably won it for that. But that was for contributions beyond academic. So, I was leading lots of stuff in the community and stuff like that. But I had £60. And the assumption was, you go and buy one massive book. And I didn't, I got Dad to drive me to Liverpool - went into the big bookshop there and just came out with I mean, books for two and six pence. So, you can imagine how many books I could get for £60. And I just took everything I could find on philosophy and history and introductory science and stuff like that and just consumed it. Ula Ojiaku:  Wow, it seemed like you already knew what you wanted even before winning the prize money, you seem to have had a wish list... Dave Snowden:  I mean, actually interesting, and the big things in the EU field guide on (managing) complexity which was just issued. You need to build…, You need to stop saying, ‘this is the problem, we will find the solution' to saying, ‘how do I build capability, that can solve problems we haven't yet anticipated?' And I think that's part of the problem in education. Because my children didn't have that benefit. They had a modular education. Yeah, we did a set of exams at 16 and a set of exams that 18 and between those periods, we could explore it (i.e. options) and we had to hold everything in our minds for those two periods, right? For my children, it was do a module, pass a test, get a mark, move on, forget it move on. So, it's very compartmentalized, yeah? And it's also quite instrumentalist. We, I think we were given an education as much in how to learn and have had to find things out. And the debating tradition was that; you didn't know what you're going to get hit with. So, you read everything, and you thought about it, and you learn to think on your feet. And I think that that sort of a broad switch, it started to happen in the 80s, along with a lot of other bad things in management. And this is when systems thinking started to dominate. And we moved to an engineering metaphor. And you can see it in cybernetics and everything else, it's an attempt to define everything as a machine. And of course, machines are designed for a purpose, whereas ecosystems evolve for resilience. And I think that's kind of like where I, my generation were and it's certainly what we're trying to bring back in now in sort of in terms of practice. Ula Ojiaku:  I have an engineering background and a computer science background. These days, I'm developing a newfound love for philosophy, psychology, law and, you know, intersect, how do all these concepts intersect? Because as human beings we're complex, we're not machines where you put the program in and you expect it to come out the same, you know, it's not going to be the same for every human being. What do you think about that? Dave Snowden:  Yeah. And I think, you know, we know more on this as well. So, we know the role of art in human evolution is being closely linked to innovation. So, art comes before language. So, abstraction allows you to make novel connections. So, if you focus entirely on STEM education, you're damaging the human capacity to innovate. And we're, you know, as creatures, we're curious. You know. And I mean, we got this whole concept of our aporia, which is key to connecting that, which is creating a state of deliberate confusion, or a state of paradox. And the essence of a paradox is you can't resolve it. So, you're forced to think differently. So, the famous case on this is the liar's paradox, alright? I mean, “I always lie”. That just means I lied. So, if that means I was telling the truth. So, you've got to think differently about the problem. I mean, you've seen those paradoxes do the same thing. So that, that deliberate act of creating confusion so people can see novelty is key. Yeah. Umm and if you don't find… finding ways to do that, so when we looked at it, we looked at linguistic aporia, aesthetic aporia and physical aporia. So, I got some of the… one of the defining moments of insight on Cynefin was looking at Caravaggio`s paintings in Naples. When I realized I've been looking for the idea of the liminality. And that was, and then it all came together, right? So those are the trigger points requiring a more composite way of learning. I think it's also multiculturalism, to be honest. I mean, I, when I left university, I worked on the World Council of Churches come, you know program to combat racism. Ula Ojiaku:  Yes, I'd like to know more about that. That's one of my questions… Dave Snowden:  My mother was a good atheist, but she made me read the Bible on the basis, I wouldn't understand European literature otherwise, and the penetration guys, I became a Catholic so… Now, I mean, that that was fascinating, because I mean, I worked on Aboriginal land rights in Northern Australia, for example. And that was when I saw an activist who was literally murdered in front of me by a security guard. And we went to the police. And they said, it's only an Abo. And I still remember having fights in Geneva, because South Africa was a tribal conflict with a racial overlay. I mean, Africa, and its Matabele Zulu, arrived in South Africa together and wiped out the native population. And if you don't understand that, you don't understand the Matabele betrayal. You don't understand what happened. It doesn't justify apartheid. And one of the reasons there was a partial reconciliation, is it actually was a tribal conflict. And the ritual actually managed that. Whereas in Australia, in comparison was actually genocide. Yeah, it wasn't prejudice, it was genocide. I mean, until 1970s, there, were still taking half -breed children forcibly away from their parents, inter-marrying them in homes, to breed them back to white. And those are, I think, yeah, a big market. I argued this in the UK, I said, one of the things we should actually have is bring back national service. I couldn't get the Labor Party to adopt it. I said, ‘A: Because it would undermine the Conservatives, because they're the ones who talk about that sort of stuff. But we should allow it to be overseas.' So, if you put two years into working in communities, which are poorer than yours, round about that 18 to 21-year-old bracket, then we'll pay for your education. If you don't, you'll pay fees. Because you proved you want to give to society. And that would have been… I think, it would have meant we'd have had a generation of graduates who understood the world because that was part of the objective. I mean, I did that I worked on worked in South Africa, on the banks of Zimbabwe on the audits of the refugee camps around that fight. And in Sao Paulo, in the slums, some of the work of priests. You can't come back from that and not be changed. And I think it's that key formative period, we need to give people. Ula Ojiaku:  True and like you said, at that age, you know, when you're young and impressionable, it helps with what broadening your worldview to know that the world is bigger than your father's … compound (backyard)… Dave Snowden:  That's the worst problem in Agile, because what, you've got a whole class of, mainly white males and misogynism in Agile is really bad. It's one of the worst areas for misogyny still left, right, in terms of where it works. Ula Ojiaku:  I'm happy you are the one saying it not me… Dave Snowden:  Well, no, I mean, it is it's quite appalling. And so, what you've actually got is, is largely a bunch of white male game players who spent their entire time on computers. Yeah, when you take and run seriously after puberty, and that's kind of like a dominant culture. And that's actually quite dangerous, because it lacks, it lacks cultural diversity, it lacks ethnic diversity, it lacks educational diversity. And I wrote an article for ITIL, recently, which has been published, which said, no engineers should be allowed out, without training in ethics. Because the implications of what software engineers do now are huge. And the problem we've got, and this is a really significant, it's a big data problem as well. And you see it with a behavioral economic economist and the nudge theory guys - all of whom grab these large-scale data manipulations is that they're amoral, they're not immoral, they're amoral. And that's actually always more scary. It's this sort of deep level instrumentalism about the numbers; the numbers tell me what I need to say. Ula Ojiaku:  And also, I mean, just building on what you've said, there are instances, for example, in artificial intelligence is really based on a sample set from a select group, and it doesn't necessarily recognize things that are called ‘outliers'. You know, other races… Dave Snowden:  I mean, I've worked in that in all my life now back 20, 25 years ago. John Poindexter and I were on a stage in a conference in Washington. This was sort of early days of our work on counter terrorism. And somebody asked about black box AI and I said, nobody's talking about the training data sets. And I've worked in AI from the early days, all right, and the training data sets matter and nobody bothered. They just assumed… and you get people publishing books which say correlation is causation, which is deeply worrying, right? And I think Google is starting to acknowledge that, but it's actually very late. And the biases which… we were looking at a software tool the other day, it said it can, it can predict 85% of future events around culture. Well, it can only do that by constraining how executive see culture, so it becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. And then the recruitment algorithms will only recruit people who match that cultural expectation and outliers will be eliminated. There's an HBO film coming up shortly on Myers Briggs. Now, Myers Briggs is known to be a pseudo-science. It has no basis whatsoever in any clinical work, and even Jung denied it, even though it's meant to be based on his work. But it's beautiful for HR departments because it allows them to put people into little categories. And critically it abrogates, judgment, and that's what happened with systems thinking in the 80s 90s is everything became spreadsheets and algorithms. So, HR departments would produce… instead of managers making decisions based on judgment, HR departments would force them into profile curves, to allocate resources. Actually, if you had a high performing team who were punished, because the assumption was teams would not have more than… Ula Ojiaku:  Bell curve... Dave Snowden:  …10 percent high performance in it. All right. Ula Ojiaku:  Yeah. Dave Snowden:  And this sort of nonsense has been running in the 80s, 90s and it coincided with… three things came together. One was the popularization of systems thinking. And unfortunately, it got popularized around things like process reengineering and learning organization. So that was a hard end. And Sanghi's pious can the sort of the, the soft end of it, right? But both of them were highly directional. It was kind of like leaders decide everything follows. Yeah. And that coincided with the huge growth of computing - the ability to handle large volumes of information. And all of those sorts of things came together in this sort of perfect storm, and we lost a lot of humanity in the process. Ula Ojiaku:  Do you think there's hope for us to regain the humanity in the process? Because it seems like the tide is turning from, I mean, there is still an emphasis, in my view, on systems thinking, however, there is the growing realization that we have, you know, knowledge workers and people… Dave Snowden:  Coming to the end of its park cycle, I see that all right. I can see it with the amount of cybernetics fanboys, and they are all boys who jump on me every time I say something about complexity, right? So, I think they're feeling threatened. And the field guide is significant, because it's a government, you know, government can like publication around effectively taken an ecosystems approach, not a cybernetic approach. And there's a book published by a good friend of mine called Terry Eagleton, who's… I don't think he's written a bad book. And he's written about 30, or 40. I mean, the guy just produces his stuff. It's called “Hope without Optimism”. And I think, hope is… I mean, Moltman just also published an update of his Theology of Hope, which is worth reading, even if you're not religious. But hope is one of those key concepts, right, you should… to lose hope is a sin. But hope is not the same thing as optimism. In fact, pessimistic people who hope actually are probably the ones who make a difference, because they're not naive, right? And this is my objection to the likes of Sharma Ga Sengi, and the like, is they just gather people together to talk about how things should be. And of course, everything should be what, you know, white MIT, educated males think the world should be like. I mean, it's very culturally imperialist in that sort of sense. And then nobody changes because anybody can come together in the workshop and agree how things should be. It's when you make a difference in the field that it counts, you've got to create a micro difference. This is hyper localization, you got to create lots and lots of micro differences, which will stimulate the systems, the system will change. I think, three things that come together, one is COVID. The other is global warming. And the other is, and I prefer to call it the epistemic justice movement, though, that kind of like fits in with Black Lives Matter. But epistemic justice doesn't just affect people who are female or black. I mean, if you come to the UK and see the language about the Welsh and the Irish, or the jokes made about the Welsh in BBC, right? The way we use language can designate people in different ways and I think that's a big movement, though. And it's certainly something we develop software for. So, I think those three come together, and I think the old models aren't going to be sustainable. I mean, the cost is going to be terrible. I mean, the cost to COVID is already bad. And we're not getting this thing as long COVID, it's permanent COVID. And people need to start getting used to that. And I think that's, that's going to change things. So, for example, in the village I live in Wiltshire. Somebody's now opened an artisan bakery in their garage and it's brilliant. And everybody's popping around there twice a week and just buying the bread and having a chat on the way; socially-distanced with masks, of course. And talking of people, that sort of thing is happening a lot. COVID has forced people into local areas and forced people to realise the vulnerability of supply chains. So, you can see changes happening there. The whole Trump phenomenon, right, and the Boris murmuring in the UK is ongoing. It's just as bad as the Trump phenomenon. It's the institutionalization of corruption as a high level. Right? Those sorts of things trigger change, right? Not without cost, change never comes without cost, but it just needs enough… It needs local action, not international action. I think that's the key principle. To get a lot of people to accept things like the Paris Accord on climate change, and you've got to be prepared to make sacrifices. And it's too distant a time at the moment, it has to become a local issue for the international initiatives to actually work and we're seeing that now. I mean… Ula Ojiaku:  It sounds like, sorry to interrupt - it sounds like what you're saying is, for the local action, for change to happen, it has to start with us as individuals… Dave Snowden:  The disposition… No, not with individuals. That's actually very North American, the North European way of thinking right. The fundamental kind of basic identity structure of humans is actually clans, not individuals. Ula Ojiaku:  Clans... Dave Snowden:  Yeah. Extended families, clans; it's an ambiguous word. We actually evolved for those. And you need it at that level, because that's a high level of social interaction and social dependency. And it's like, for example, right? I'm dyslexic. Right? Yeah. If I don't see if, if the spelling checker doesn't pick up a spelling mistake, I won't see it. And I read a whole page at a time. I do not read it sentence by sentence. All right. And I can't understand why people haven't seen the connections I make, because they're obvious, right? Equally, there's a high degree of partial autism in the Agile community, because that goes with mathematical ability and thing, and that this so-called education deficiencies, and the attempt to define an ideal individual is a mistake, because we evolved to have these differences. Ula Ojiaku:  Yes. Dave Snowden:  Yeah. And the differences understood that the right level of interaction can change things. So, I think the unit is clan, right for extended family, or extended, extended interdependence. Ula Ojiaku:  Extended interdependence… Dave Snowden:  We're seeing that in the village. I mean, yeah, this is classic British atomistic knit, and none of our relatives live anywhere near us. But the independence in the village is increasing with COVID. And therefore, people are finding relationships and things they can do together. Now, once that builds to a critical mass, and it does actually happen exponentially, then bigger initiatives are possible. And this is some of the stuff we were hoping to do in the US shortly on post-election reconciliation. And the work we've been doing in Malmo, in refugees and elsewhere in the world, right, is you change the nature of localized interaction with national visibility, so that you can measure the dispositional state of the system. And then you can nudge the system when it's ready to change, because then the energy cost of change is low. But that requires real time feedback loops in distributed human sensor networks, which is a key issue in the field guide. And the key thing that comes back to your original question on AI, is, the internet at the moment is an unbuffered feedback loop. Yeah, where you don't know the source of the data, and you can't control the source of the data. And any network like that, and this is just apriori science factor, right will always become perverted. Ula Ojiaku:  And what do you mean by term apriori? Dave Snowden:  Oh, before the facts, you don't need to, we don't need to wait for evidence. It's like in an agile, you can look at something like SAFe® which case claims to scale agile and just look at it you say it's apriori wrong (to) a scale a complex system. So, it's wrong. All right. End of argument right. Now let's talk about the details, right. So yeah, so that's, you know, that's coming back. The hyper localization thing is absolutely key on that, right? And the same is true to be honest in software development. A lot of our work now is to understand the unarticulated needs of users. And then shift technology in to actually meet those unarticulated needs. And that requires a complex approach to architecture, in which people and technology are objects with defined interactions around scaffolding structures, so that applications can emerge in resilience, right? And that's actually how local communities evolve as well. So, we've now got the theoretical constructs and a lot of the practical methods to actually… And I've got a series of blog posts - which I've got to get back to writing - called Rewilding Agile. And rewilding isn't returning to the original state, it's restoring balance. So, if you increase the number of human actors as your primary sources, and I mean human actors, not as people sitting on (in front of) computer screens who can be faked or mimicked, yeah? … and entirely working on text, which is about 10%, of what we know, dangerous, it might become 80% of what we know and then you need to panic. Right? So, you know, by changing those interactions, increasing the human agency in the system, that's how you come to, that's how you deal with fake news. It's not by writing better algorithms, because then it becomes a war with the guys faking the news, and you're always gonna lose. Ula Ojiaku:  So, what do you consider yourself, a person of faith? Dave Snowden:  Yeah. Ula Ojiaku:  Why? Dave Snowden:  Oh, faith is like hope and charity. I mean, they're the great virtues… I didn't tell you I got into a lot in trouble in the 70s. Dave Snowden:  I wrote an essay that said Catholicism, Marxism and Hinduism were ontologically identical and should be combined and we're different from Protestantism and capitalism, which are also ontologically identical (and) it can be combined. Ula Ojiaku:  Is this available in the public domain? Dave Snowden:  I doubt it. I think it actually got me onto a heresy trial at one point, but that but I would still say that. Ula Ojiaku:  That's amazing. Can we then move to the framework that Cynefin framework, how did it evolve into what we know it as today? Dave Snowden:  I'll do a high-level summary, but I wrote it up at length in the book and I didn't know I was writing for the book. The book was a surprise that they put together for me. I thought that was just writing an extended blog post. It started when I was working in IBM is it originates from the work of Max Borrasso was my mentor for years who tragically died early. But he was looking at abstraction, codification and diffusion. We did a fair amount of work together, I took two of those aspects and started to look at informal and formal communities in IBM, and its innovation. And some of the early articles on Cynefin, certainly the early ones with the five domains come from that period. And at that time, we had access labels. Yeah. And then then complexity theory came into it. So, it shifted into being a complexity framework. And it stayed … The five domains were fairly constant for a fairly long period of time, they changed their names a bit. The central domain I knew was important, but didn't have as much prominence as it does now. And then I introduced liminality, partly driven by agile people, actually, because they could they couldn't get the concept there were dynamics and domains. So, they used to say things like, ‘look, Scrum is a dynamic. It's a way of shifting complex to complicated' and people say ‘no, the scrum guide said it's about complex.' And you think, ‘oh, God, Stacey has a lot to answer for' but… Ula Ojiaku: Who`s Stacey? Dave Snowden:  Ralph Stacey. So, he was the guy originally picked up by Ken when he wrote the Scrum Guide… Ula Ojiaku:  Right. Okay. Dave Snowden:  Stacey believes everything's complex, which is just wrong, right? So, either way, Cynefin evolved with the liminal aspects. And then the last resolution last year, which is… kind of completes Cynefin to be honest, there's some refinements… was when we realized that the central domain was confused, or operatic. And that was the point where you started. So, you didn't start by putting things into the domain, you started in the operatic. And then you moved aspects of things into the different domains. So that was really important. And it got picked up in Agile, ironically, by the XP community. So, I mean, I was in IT most of my life, I was one of the founders of the DSDM Consortium, and then moved sideways from that, and was working in counterterrorism and other areas, always you're working with technology, but not in the Agile movement. Cynefin is actually about the same age as Agile, it started at the same time. And the XP community in London invited me in, and I still think Agile would have been better if it had been built on XP, not Scrum. But it wouldn't have scaled with XP, I mean, without Scrum it would never have scaled it. And then it got picked up. And I think one of the reasons it got picked up over Stacey is, it said order is possible. It didn't say everything is complex. And virtually every Agile method I know of value actually focuses on making complex, complicated. Ula Ojiaku:  Yes. Dave Snowden:  And that's its power. What they're… what is insufficient of, and this is where we've been working is what I call pre-Scrum techniques. Techniques, which define what should go into that process. Right, because all of the Agile methods still tend to be a very strong manufacturing metaphor - manufacturing ideas. So, they assume somebody will tell them what they have to produce. And that actually is a bad way of thinking about IT. Technology needs to co-evolve. And users can't articulate what they want, because they don't know what technology can do. Ula Ojiaku:  True. But are you saying… because in Agile fundamentally, it's really about making sure there's alignment as well that people are working on the right thing per time, but you're not telling them how to do it? Dave Snowden:  Well, yes and no - all right. I mean, it depends what you're doing. I mean, some Agile processes, yes. But if you go through the sort of safe brain remain processes, very little variety within it, right? And self-organization happens within the context of a user executive and retrospectives. Right, so that's its power. And, but if you look at it, it took a really good technique called time-boxing, and it reduced it to a two-week sprint. Now, that's one aspect of time boxing. I mean, I've got a whole series of blog posts next week on this, because time boxing is a hugely valuable technique. It says there's minimal deliverable project, and maximum deliverable product and a minimal level of resource and a maximum level of resource. And the team commits to deliver on the date. Ula Ojiaku:  To accurate quality… to a quality standard. Dave Snowden:  Yeah, so basically, you know that the worst case, you'll get the minimum product at the maximum cost, but you know, you'll get it on that date. So, you can deal with it, alright. And that's another technique we've neglected. We're doing things which force high levels of mutation and requirements over 24 hours, before they get put into a Scrum process. Because if you just take what users want, you know, there's been insufficient co-evolution with the technology capability. And so, by the time you deliver it, the users will probably realize they should have asked for something different anyway. Ula Ojiaku:  So, does this tie in with the pre-Scrum techniques you mentioned earlier? If so, can you articulate that? Dave Snowden:  So, is to say different methods in different places. And that's again, my opposition to things like SAFe, to a lesser extent LeSS, and so on, right, is they try and put everything into one bloody big flow diagram. Yeah. And that's messy. All right? Well, it's a recipe, not a chef. What the chef does is they put different ingredients together in different combinations. So, there's modularity of knowledge, but it's not forced into a linear process. So, our work… and we just got an open space and open source and our methods deliberately, right, in terms of the way it works, is I can take Scrum, and I can reduce it to its lowest coherent components, like a sprint or retrospective. I can combine those components with components for another method. So, I can create Scrum as an assembly of components, I can take those components compared with other components. And that way, you get novelty. So, we're then developing components which sit before traditional stuff. Like for example, triple eight, right? This was an old DSDM method. So, you ran a JAD sessions and Scrum has forgotten about JAD. JAD is a really…  joint application design… is a really good set of techniques - they're all outstanding. You throw users together with coders for two days, and you force out some prototypes. Yeah, that latching on its own would, would transform agile, bringing that back in spades, right? We did is we do an eight-hour JAD session say, in London, and we pass it on to a team in Mumbai. But we don't tell them what the users ask for. They just get the prototype. And they can do whatever they want with it for eight hours. And then they hand it over to a team in San Francisco, who can do whatever they want with it in eight hours. And it comes back. And every time I've run this, the user said, ‘God, I wouldn't have thought of that, can I please, have it?' So, what you're doing is a limited life cycle -  you get the thing roughly defined, then you allow it to mutate without control, and then you look at the results and decide what you want to do. And that's an example of pre-scrum technique, that is a lot more economical than systems and analysts and user executives and storyboards. And all those sorts of things. Yeah. Ula Ojiaku:  Well, I see what you mean, because it seems like the, you know, the JAD - the joint application design technique allows for emergent design, and you shift the decision making closer to the people who are at the forefront. And to an extent my understanding of, you know, Scrum … I mean, some agile frameworks - that's also what they promote… Dave Snowden:  Oh, they don't really don't. alright. They picked up Design Thinking which is quite interesting at the moment. If you if you look at Agile and Design Thinking. They're both at the end of their life cycles. Ula Ojiaku:  Why do you say that? Dave Snowden:  Because they're being commodified. The way you know, something is coming to the end of its life cycle is when it becomes highly commodified. So, if you look at it, look at what they are doing the moment, the Double Diamond is now a series of courses with certificates. And I mean, Agile started with bloody certificates, which is why it's always been slightly diverse in the way it works. I mean, this idea that you go on a three-day course and get a certificate, you read some slides every year and pay some money and get another certificate is fundamentally corrupt. But most of the Agile business is built on it, right? I mean, I've got three sets of methods after my name. But they all came from yearlong or longer courses certified by university not from tearing apart a course. Yeah, or satisfying a peer group within a very narrow cultural or technical definition of competence. So, I think yeah, and you can see that with Design Thinking. So, it's expert ideation, expert ethnography. And it still falls into that way of doing things. Yeah. And you can see it, people that are obsessed with running workshops that they facilitate. And that's the problem. I mean, the work we're doing on citizen engagement is actually… has no bloody facilitators in it. As all the evidence is that the people who turn up are culturally biased about their representative based opinions. And the same is true if you want to look at unarticulated needs, you can't afford to have the systems analysts finding them because they see them from their perspective. And this is one of one science, right? You did not see what you do not expect to see. We know that, alright? So, you're not going to see outliers. And so, the minute you have an expert doing something, it's really good - where you know, the bounds of the expertise, cover all the possibilities, and it's really dangerous. Well, that's not the case. Ula Ojiaku:  So, could you tell me a bit more about the unfacilitated sessions you mentioned earlier? Dave Snowden:  They're definitely not sessions, so we didn't like what were triggers at moments. Ula Ojiaku:  Okay. Dave Snowden:  So, defining roles. So, for example, one of the things I would do and have done in IT, is put together, young, naive, recently graduated programmer with older experienced tester or software architect. So, somebody without any… Ula Ojiaku:  Prejudice or pre-conceived idea... Dave Snowden:  … preferably with a sort of grandparent age group between them as well. I call it, the grandparents syndrome - grandparents say things to their grandchildren they won't tell their children and vice versa. If you maximize the age gap, there's actually freer information flow because there's no threat in the process. And then we put together with users trained to talk to IT people. So, in a month's time, I'll publish that as a training course. So, training users to talk to IT people is more economical than trying to train IT people to understand users. Ula Ojiaku:  To wrap up then, based on what you said, you know, about Cynefin, and you know, the wonderful ideas behind Cynefin. How can leaders in organizations in any organization apply these and in how they make sense of the world and, you know, take decisions? Dave Snowden:  Well, if there's actually a sensible way forward now, so we've just published the field guide on managing complexity.  Ula Ojiaku:  Okay. Dave Snowden:  And that is actually, it's a sort of ‘Chef's guide'. It has four stages: assess, adapt, exert, transcend, and within that it has things you could do. So, it's not a list of qualities, it's a list of practical things you should go and do tomorrow, and those things we're building at the moment with a lot of partners, because we won't try and control this; this needs to be open. Here's an assessment process that people will go through to decide where they are. So that's going to be available next week on our website. Ula Ojiaku:  Oh, fantastic! Dave Snowden:  For the initial registration.  Other than that, and there's a whole body of stuff on how to use Cynefin. And as I said, we just open source on the methods. So, the Wiki is open source. These… from my point of view, we're now at the stage where the market is going to expand very quickly. And to be honest, I, you know, I've always said traditionally use cash waiver as an example of this. The reason that Agile scaled around Scrum is he didn't make it an elite activity, which XP was. I love the XP guys, but they can't communicate with ordinary mortals. Yeah. It takes you about 10 minutes to tune into the main point, and even you know the field, right. And he (Jeff Sutherland) made the Scrum Guide open source. And that way it's great, right. And I think that that's something which people just don't get strategic with. They, in early stages, you should keep things behind firewalls. When the market is ready to expand, you take the firewalls away fast. Because I mean, getting behind firewalls initially to maintain coherence so they don't get diluted too quickly, or what I call “hawks being made into pigeons”. Yeah. But the minute the market is starting to expand, that probably means you've defined it so you release the firewall so the ideas spread very quickly, and you accept the degree of diversity on it. So that's the reason we put the Wiki. Ula Ojiaku:  Right. So, are there any books that you would recommend, for anyone who wants to learn more about what you've talked about so far. Dave Snowden:  You would normally produce the theory book, then the field book, but we did it the other way around. So, Mary and I are working on three to five books, which will back up the Field Guide. Ula Ojiaku:  Is it Mary Boone? Dave Snowden:  Mary Boone. She knows how to write to the American managers, which I don't, right… without losing integrity. So that's coming, right. If you go onto the website, I've listed all the books I read. I don't think… there are some very, very good books around complexity, but they're deeply specialized, they're academic. Gerard's book is just absolutely brilliant but it's difficult to understand if you don't have a philosophy degree. And there are some awfully tripe books around complexity - nearly all of the popular books I've seen, I wouldn't recommend. Yeah. Small Groups of Complex Adaptive Systems is probably quite a good one that was published about 20 years ago. Yeah, but that we got a book list on the website. So, I would look at that. Ula Ojiaku:  Okay. Thank you so much for that. Do you have any ask of the audience and how can they get to you? Dave Snowden:  We've open-sourced the Wiki, you know, to create a critical mass, I was really pleased we have 200 people volunteered to help populate it. So, we get the all the methods in the field guide them. And they're actively working at that at the moment, right, and on a call with them later. And to be honest, I've done 18-hour days, the last two weeks, but 8 hours of each of those days has been talking to the methods with a group of people Academy 5, that's actually given me a lot of energy, because it's huge. So, get involved, I think it's the best way… you best understand complexity by getting the principles and then practicing it. And the key thing I'll leave us with is the metaphor. I mentioned it a few times - a recipe book user has a recipe, and they follow it. And if they don't have the right ingredients, and if they don't have the right equipment, they can't operate. Or they say it's not ‘true Agile'. A chef understands the theory of cooking and has got served in apprenticeship. So, their fingers know how to do things. And that's… we need… a downside.. more chefs, which is the combination of theory and practice. And the word empirical is hugely corrupted in the Agile movement. You know, basically saying, ‘this worked for me' or ‘it worked for me the last three times' is the most dangerous way of moving forward. Ula Ojiaku:  Because things change and what worked yesterday might not work Dave Snowden:  And you won't be aware of what worked or didn't work and so on. Ula Ojiaku:  And there's some bias in that. Wouldn't you say? Dave Snowden:  We've got an attentional blindness if you've got Ula Ojiaku:  Great. And Dave, where can people find you? Are you on social media? Dave Snowden:  Cognitive. Yeah, social media is @snowded. Yeah. LinkedIn, Facebook and Twitter. Two websites – the Cognitive Edge website, which is where I blog, and there's a new Cynefin Center website now, which is a not-for-profit arm. Ula Ojiaku:  Okay. All these would be in the show notes. Thank you so much for your time, Dave. It's been a pleasure speaking with you. Dave Snowden:  Okay. Thanks a lot.

Mildura Councilor Glenn Milne talks Van Nationals, Easter Powersports, Mega Day at the Lake last weekend and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Council Forum, Mga day for the Millewa Football League this Saturday, Walk for Parkinsons this Sunday and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Millewa Footy, Welcome morning tea for Immigrants and Refugees, Little Athletics presentations and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Council Meeting tomorrow night, Integrated Transport and Land Use Strategy, Festival of Colours this Saturday at Nowingi and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This session shares the Franklin (MA) Town Council Meeting of Wednesday, March 19, 2025. 8 of the 9 of the members participated in Council Chambers (1 absent - Dellorco). Quick recap:after approval of 2 prior meeting minutes, the Council get to the key item and after a brief discussion took two votes; one to approve the amount and ballot question text the second to set the date, Tuesday, June 3, 2025 for the overrideboth votes were 8-0-1 (1 absent)The School Committee had met earlier that evening and voted unanimously to support the override vote. Chair Dave Callaghan and Vice-Chair David McNeill stood up to make that announcement during the discussionOther legislation for action on the minimum item agenda for the evening; 2 items to extend the sewer and water lines to a new residence that had already been approved in the first vote both received the passing vote by the same 8-0-1 vote (1 absent) via roll callA resolution accepting gifts to the Veterans services was approved and thanks extendedTown Administrator's ReportJamie acknowledged receipt of a letter from Archbishop Henning commending the work of the Fire Dept on the St Mary's Church fire. He had just recently attended the re-opening masses. The letter will be posted to the Town pagesThe lease for Town use of the Ferrara's parking lot was signed to extend the agreement for 5 yearsThe final approvals on the deed and associated documents for the Old South Church were completed and to be handed over to Habitat for Humanity so the docs can be filed with the Registrar of Deeds, and work can begin to renovate the building for a residenceAfter a round of Councilor comments, the meeting closedLet's listen to the meeting recording which runs about 1 hour and 38 minutes. --------------Franklin TV video for replay of meeting -> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoNPkBHRLzI The agenda doc released for the meeting -> https://www.franklinma.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Agenda/_03192025-1639 My full set of notes taken during the meeting (in one PDF) -> https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TPEkxHcViPCNwOGHmiydPVt1rGW5Xy05/view?usp=drive_link -------------We are now producing this in collaboration with Franklin.TV and Franklin Public Radio (wfpr.fm) or 102.9 on the Franklin area radio dial. This podcast is my public service effort for Franklin but we can't do it alone. We can always use your help.How can you help?If you can use the information that you find here, please tell your friends and neighborsIf you don't like something here, please let me knowAnd if you have interest in reporting on meetings or events, please reach. We'll share and show you what and how we do what we doThrough this feedback loop we can continue to make improvements. I thank you for listening.For additional information, please visit Franklinmatters.org/ or www.franklin.news If you have questions or comments you can reach me directly at shersteve @ gmail dot...

Former Councilor Gary Medvigy urges Clark County leaders to protect independent voting rights and public trust by avoiding block voting and ensuring transparency. Read the full column at https://www.clarkcountytoday.com/opinion/opinion-each-councilor-should-vote-their-independent-vote-as-a-representative-and-in-the-best-interests-of-the-board-they-are-on/ on www.ClarkCountyToday.com #localnews #ClarkCountyWa #ClarkCountyCouncil #independentvote #counciltransparency #garymedvigy #CTRAN #governmentethics #representativedemocracy #publicinput

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Mildura City Councilor Glenn Milne talks Harmony Day Community Event this Friday at Powerhouse Place, Roadworks, Rugby Festival this Saturday at the MSP and more. www.mildura.vic.gov.au See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Greg Brady spoke to Alvin Tedjo, Mississauga Ward 2 Councilor about Mississauga taking down American flags. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Clark County Councilor Michelle Belkot discusses her removal from the C-TRAN Board, opposition to funding light rail, and concerns about the I-5 Bridge replacement project. Learn why she believes taxpayer money should prioritize road infrastructure. Read the full story at https://www.clarkcountytoday.com/news/councilor-michelle-belkot-recaps-volatile-week-during-appearance-on-the-lars-larson-show/ #ClarkCountyWa #localnews #Vancouver #MichelleBelkot #CTRAN #LightRail #TriMet #I5Bridge #Transportation #PublicTransit #TaxpayerFunding #RoadInfrastructure #Traffic #Freight #AuxiliaryLanes

2/18/25: Alice Rothchild, author of "Inspired and Outraged: the Making of a Feminist Physician." Happier Valley Comedy Quiz on sunshine(!) w/ Maddy Benjamin, Scott Braidman & friends. Smith prof Carrie Baker w/Carmen Nieves, E.D. of Alianza, Holyoke's DV org. Gov's Councilor Tara Jacobs: here comes the judges(s).

Brown joins the Hammer and Nigel show to talk about his expulsion from the Democratic caucus. Brown Kicked Out of Indy Democratic Caucus See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Outspoken Indianapolis City County Councilor Jesse Brown has been kicked out of the Democratic caucus. A House committee approved legislation that could provide more transparency as the FSSA makes changes to an important Medicaid waiver. A bipartisan group of lawmakers and faith leaders gathered at the Statehouse to rally support for a measure to repeal Indiana's death penalty. Hoosier homeowners have faced surging property tax bills in recent years. Governor Mike Braun wants to cap those increases. Want to go deeper on the stories you hear on WFYI News Now? Visit wfyi.org/news and follow us on social media to get comprehensive analysis and local news daily. Subscribe to WFYI News Now wherever you get your podcasts. Today's episode of WFYI News Now was produced by Drew Daudelin, Zach Bundy and Abriana Herron, with support from News Director Sarah Neal-Estes.

ALSO: Trump proposes Gaza takeover... Pacers fall flat overnightSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

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Disclaimer: This podcast does not provide medical advice. The content of this podcast is provided for informational or educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for informed medical advice or care. You should not use this information to diagnose or treat any health issue without consulting your doctor. Always seek medical advice before making any lifestyle changes. Dr. Dawn Mussallem is a distinguished consultant in the Division of Hematology Oncology at Mayo Clinic and an Assistant Professor of Medicine. As a board-certified lifestyle medicine breast specialist at The Robert and Monica Jacoby Center for Breast Health, she plays a vital role in advancing evidence-based, holistic breast cancer care. She also serves as Chair of Mayo Clinic Florida's Employee Well-being Committee, Medical Director for the Humanities in Medicine program & Councilor at Large for the Officers & Councilors of the Mayo Clinic staff. In 2015, Dr. Mussallem founded the Integrative Medicine & Breast Health Program at Mayo Clinic Florida, a patient-centered initiative that supports breast cancer patients during & after their diagnosis. The program emphasizes optimizing lifestyle practices alongside conventional cancer treatments. Her mission is to reframe cancer as a “teacher of life,” helping patients discover renewed vitality through healthier living. Currently, she leads Mayo Clinic's regenerative farm project which aims to provide nutrient-rich plant-based foods to patients, employees, learners, & food-insecure individuals in the community, demonstrating the interconnected benefits for human & planetary health. With more than 25 years of patient-centered clinical wellness experience, Dr. Mussallem is internationally recognized in cancer prevention, lifestyle medicine, integrative oncology, & cancer survivorship. Her personal journey—including a stage IV cancer diagnosis just three months into medical school and her experience as a heart transplant recipient in 2021 profoundly shapes her commitment to helping patients thrive during and after adversity. A sought-after international keynote and motivational speaker, Dr. Mussallem frequently appears on podcasts, webinars, radio, and television programs. She has authored numerous book chapters, journal articles, and abstracts, and serves as an editor for the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Wiley, and Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Her research focuses on exploring lifestyle's critical role in cancer prevention and management, particularly the impact of whole food, plant-based nutrition on the tumor microenvironment and cancer progression. She also investigates strategies to enhance quality of life for cancer survivors, examining the links between lifestyle modifications, longevity, and restorative well-being.

GUEST: Rebecca Bligh, ABC Vancouver City Councillor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Linda Nishioka is the City Councilor for Ward 2 in Salem, Oregon, and currently serves as the Council President. Prior to her election, she contributed to the Salem community by serving on various city committees and as a board member for local nonprofit organizations.  Linda is retired from a rewarding career in healthcare, having worked as a Registered Dental Hygienist and as the Director of Facial Plastic Services at Willamette Ear, Nose, Throat & Facial Plastic Services in Salem.

Clark County Councilor Michelle Belkot has raised concerns over taxpayer funding for TriMet's Vancouver light rail extension. With a public discussion scheduled for March 11, Belkot and other C-TRAN board members want to ensure Southwest Washington residents have a say. Learn more at https://www.clarkcountytoday.com/news/county-councilor-michelle-belkot-presses-for-c-tran-board-public-discussion-on-light-rail-funding #LightRail #CTRAN #Transportation #TriMet #PublicTransit #ClarkCountyWa #localnews

TO WATCH ALL FLYOVER CONTENT: www.flyover.liveGarrett Ziegler in Studio: https://rumble.com/v4vdxg5-the-flyover-conservatives-show.html Farewell Speech: Garrett ZieglerWEBSITE: https://linktr.ee/garrettz For ALL Websites referenced in the show, text MARCO to 40509Garrett Ziegler is the founder of Marco Polo USA, a nonprofit research group dedicated to exposing corruption and advocating for transparency in government and society. With a background in public policy and a passion for accountability, Garrett has become a leading voice in uncovering high-profile scandals and presenting detailed reports on issues often overlooked by mainstream media. Before founding Marco Polo, Garrett served as a White House staffer during the Trump administration, where he gained firsthand experience navigating the complexities of government operations. Known for his meticulous research and fearless approach, Garrett is committed to providing the public with factual, well-documented insights to encourage informed citizenship. Through Marco Polo, he continues to challenge corruption and uphold the values of truth and justice.-------------------------------------------

Tonight at 8:30 pm CST, on the Flyover Conservatives show we are tackling the most important things going on RIGHT NOW from a Conservative Christian perspective!  Tonight at 8:30 pm CST, on the Flyover Conservatives show we are tackling the most important things going on RIGHT NOW from a Conservative Christian perspective!  TO WATCH ALL FLYOVER CONSERVATIVES SHOWS - https://flyover.live/show/flyoverTO WATCH ALL FLYOVER CONSERVATIVES SHOWS - https://flyover.live/show/flyoverTO WATCH ALL FLYOVER CONTENT: www.flyover.liveTO WATCH ALL FLYOVER CONTENT: www.flyover.liveTo Schedule A Time To Talk To Dr. Dr. Kirk Elliott Go To To Schedule A Time To Talk To Dr. Dr. Kirk Elliott Go To ▶ https://flyovergold.com▶ https://flyovergold.comOr Call 720-605-3900 Or Call 720-605-3900 Garrett Ziegler in Studio: https://rumble.com/v4vdxg5-the-flyover-conservatives-show.html Garrett Ziegler in Studio: https://rumble.com/v4vdxg5-the-flyover-conservatives-show.htmlhttps://rumble.com/v4vdxg5-the-flyover-conservatives-show.html Farewell Speech: Farewell Speech: Garrett ZieglerGarrett ZieglerWEBSITE: https://linktr.ee/garrettz WEBSITE: https://linktr.ee/garrettzhttps://linktr.ee/garrettz For ALL Websites referenced in the show, text MARCO to 40509For ALL Websites referenced in the show, text MARCO to 40509Garrett Ziegler is the founder of Marco Polo USA, a nonprofit research group dedicated to exposing corruption and advocatSend us a message... we can't reply, but we read them all!Support the show► ReAwaken America- text the word FLYOVER to 918-851-0102 (Message and data rates may apply. Terms/privacy: 40509-info.com) ► Kirk Elliott PHD - http://FlyoverGold.com ► My Pillow - https://MyPillow.com/Flyover ► ALL LINKS: https://sociatap.com/FlyoverConservatives

Clark County Council addressed public outcry over proposals to remove the invocation and Pledge of Allegiance from meetings. Learn how community voices influenced the council's decision at https://www.clarkcountytoday.com/news/no-action-taken-after-county-councilor-suggests-invocation-and-pledge-of-allegiance-are-unnecessary on www.ClarkCountyToday.com #LocalNews #ClarkCountyWa #InvocationDebate #PledgeOfAllegiance

From farm girl to executive program manager, Donna has spent her career building strong communities, relationships and empowering others. Many may remember her from Bella Donna's Bistro, but her passion extends beyond owning a successful small business. With nearly 30 years of experience leading programs for multi-million dollar organizations, Donna has championed integrity, compassion, and the courage to advocate for positive change, especially for women. Her deep roots in Washington County and extensive community service in Forest Grove has fueled her commitment to fostering a thriving, inclusive future for all. Thank you to our podcast sponsor, Allied Video Productions!

Governor Maura Healey promising major changes after learning that residents of Massachusetts Shelters are not neing evaluated as carefully as promised. Nordstrom and Macy's announcing they will be closing dozens of stores around the country. The Boston City Council has rejected a push for new ethics oversight as one Councilor fights Federal Corruption allegations. Stay in "The Loop" with #iHeartRadio.

Listen to the latest update on Clark County Council's debate over removing the invocation from council meetings. Newly elected Councilor Wil Fuentes raises questions about inclusivity and religious neutrality, sparking a broader conversation about public practices. Get the full details by visiting https://www.clarkcountytoday.com/news/newly-elected-councilor-wil-fuentes-says-invocation-should-be-removed-from-county-council-meetings ClarkCountyToday.com. #ClarkCounty #WashingtonState #LocalNews #Vancouver #WilFuentes #ClarkCountyCouncil #Inclusivity #PublicInput #CommunityOutreach #ReligiousNeutrality #NonDenominationalReflection #LandAcknowledgment

Mindy has lived in Gladstone for over 30 years (and grew up in North Portland), prior to moving to Gladstone along with husband Steve they spent 12 years moving across states with the US Navy. They have 2 children and 5 grandsons. Mindy has spent her career dedicated to service. Working with and for the public has enabled Mindy to form relationships with professionals from other cities in and around the area. She has been at her current job for over 30 years. Mindy has worked alongside Gladstone residents to champion parks and green-spaces and she has served on the Parks Board and the Budget and Audit Committee. Prior to her elected position in 2020, she served for a year with the By-Laws committee and now champions other cities to ‘get those bylaws updated'! She believes the most valuable asset Gladstone has is the People and the Parks. ‘If we care for them everything else that is good will follow'.  Currently a liaison to the Clackamas County Library Board, stating she has gained a deep respect for the libraries and their patrons. Partnering with Clackamas County, Gladstone has just opened a brand-new Library building right on main street. This new building along with a new Public Works building and City Hall/Police Station has solidified Gladstone's commitment to work on their downtown core focusing on revitalization. Mindy has served in many other liaison appointments, as this will be her second 4-year term with the City. Changing liaison appointments each year has given her insights to the wants and needs of the residents in Gladstone. She served as Vice-Chair of the Women's Caucus in 2024 and will serve as President for the 2025 year. She has been with the Women's Caucus almost since its beginning during COVID. She says; the LOC has opened many avenues for learning and growth, friendships and mentors and so much more! Serving with and learning from people all across Oregon plus the LOC staff has been the most unexpected and needed addition to her elected position. When not at work or at a city meeting you can find her on any Golf Course, in the Parks with other community members, in her yard trying to bring in the butterflies and bees, at Church, volunteering at Gladstones transitional housing facility, Tukwila Springs and helping efforts with the non-profit group The Friends of Gladstone Nature Park. She believes; family time is a gift, quiet time is a blessing and faith is a must. She is a volunteer at heart and truly appreciates a good conversation. Thank you to our podcast sponsor, Allied Video Productions!

Jeanette Shaw is the Senior Director of Policy at Forth and a member of their leadership team. Forth is a non-profit that advances electric, smart and equitable access to clean transportation. At Forth, Jeanette is responsible for public policy and regulatory affairs at the state and federal levels. She has over three decades of extensive international, national, state and local public policy expertise in technology and association management focusing on issues such as manufacturing investment credits, economic development zones, workforce training, organizational development, and transportation options such as shared mobility, first and last mile transportation options, and light and heavy-duty rail. Jeanette was also tapped to help start TechNet, a national technology trade association.  Jeanette Shaw was elected to the Tigard City Council in 2020 and began her service in 2021. She served on the Oregon Solutions Transportation and Electric Vehicle Collaborative; the State of Oregon Career Technical Education Advisory Commission and was a founding Board member of the STEM STEAM East Multnomah Partnership. Councilor Shaw holds an Executive MBA from Stanford University and a Bachelor of Science from the University of California, Santa Barbara. She is married to Jason Shaw, a fifth-generation Oregonian.

Councilor Andrea Zielinski has been serving as a Roseburg City Councilor representing Ward 2 since 2015. Initially appointed to the position, she was then elected in 2016 and again in 2020. In 2023 she served as Council President, which was only the second time a female had held that position in Roseburg's history. She has chaired Roseburg's Historic Resource Review Commission and currently leads the City's Library Commission. In addition to serving on Council and working full-time as an HR Manager for FCC Commercial Furniture, Andrea is actively involved in various community organizations. She serves on the board of directors for the Greater Douglas United Way, Family Development Center, Umpqua Heart, and Children's Public Private Partnerships (CP3). Additionally, she is a committee member for Music on the Half Shell, Douglas County Community Organizations Active in Disasters, and Friends of the Umpqua Valley Police K9 Programs.

A counsellor in the Stephenville area is making a very kind offer this holiday season. Suzanne Barry is a registered social worker who knows, as many of us do, that this time of year can be especially challenging for many people. And you know, as you get older, many of us have lost loved ones and we think of them especially at Christmas. That's why Suzanne Barry is offering free counseling services for seniors. 

Originally from Maryland/DC, Briae moved to Oregon in 2019 and ironically did not get into politics until the 2020 election cycle and Black Lives Matter. After that, Briae decided to run for office and was elected in 2022 as the first openly gay black woman on the Corvalils City Council where she serves as liaison to the Historic Resources Commission, the Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Policy Advisory Board, the Home Opportunity Planning Equity (HOPE), and the Corvallis Sustainability Coalition.  Thank you to our podcast sponsor, Allied Video Productions!

All this month the Hard Shoulder is looking back on 2024's biggest moments in the news, and who were at the heart of it.One incident was more shameful than others when anti-immigration protests at the former Crown Paint factory on Malahide Road in Coolock turned into rioting...Fianna Fáil Councilor for Artane/Whitehall, Racheal Batten joins Anton to discuss.

First appointed to the Newport City Council for a two-year term in 2018, Cynthia then won her seat in 2020. She is currently running unopposed for another four-year term. Cynthia reflects on the fact that the City has spent six years investing in her education about the city. She wants to give back as it takes a while to learn to ask the right questions. She never thought she would be in an elected position, but friends urged her on. She says, “So, I went for it, surprising myself most of all.” Cynthia has observed that the conversation changes when more women are in policy-making roles. She has been a strong, primary advocate of childcare, playgrounds, public safety, and housing the unsheltered. She serves on several city committees: Airport, Budget, Public Arts, Commercial Core Revitalization Plan. Additional city/county committees are Solid Waste Advisory, County Consortium, Public Safety, Lincoln County Housing Advisory. In Cynthia's career as a Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist and Advanced Practice Nurse (retired), she has built a life of serving others. She tends to look through the lens of public health in every policy of her city. Among her leisure activities are gardening, painting and writing poetry. She lives with her husband and black Chihuahua, Ser Jorah of Mormont, overlooking the ocean on the Oregon Coast where she marvels at her extraordinary luck to be in such a place.

In the second of our Graphic Medicine Conference podcasts, Dr. Christopher Dwyer interviews Catherine Gouge and KC Councilor about their work in communication and graphic medicine, as well as their conference workshop on ReDo Comics. See the Graphic Medicine website for a Drawing Together that shares how to make these comics! Our podcast host, Christopher Dwyer, is a psychology researcher, who specializes in the fields of cognition and education, with international expertise in the field of Critical Thinking. He is the author of the book Critical Thinking: Historical Perspectives & Practical Guidelines, published by Cambridge University Press; authors an ongoing... Read More

Jennifer Hamady is a remarkable blend of singer, teacher, writer, and psychologist. As an author, she has penned three insightful books: The Art of Singing: Discovering and Developing Your True Voice, The Art of Singing Onstage and in the Studio, and Learning to Sing. She is also a regular contributor to Psychology Today, where she shares her expertise on the psychological and emotional aspects of singing. As a performer, Jennifer has graced the stage alongside iconic artists like Stevie Wonder and Def Leppard. In this conversation, we dive into the many facets of her career and how she helps singers develop their voices by addressing both technical and psychological aspects of their artistry.Part 1We begin with Jennifer's early journey as a singing student, exploring the lessons she took from both challenging and positive experiences. She reflects on how these formative experiences shaped her understanding of the voice and her approach to teaching. From there, we trace the beginnings of her singing career, starting with her first years after college and leading up to her breakthrough moment—when she joined the ranks of backup singers for top pop artists. We conclude Part 1 with a deep dive into her philosophies on vocal technique, artistry, and teaching.Part 2 [Subscriber Content]In addition to performing, Jennifer is a highly sought-after teacher who works with students in person and online. She explains how her career evolved by her willingness to embrace new opportunities and “say yes to everything.” I ask how she balances this busy schedule, fits in her writing, and manages her ongoing creative projects. Jennifer also shares her plans for future books, giving us a glimpse into what's next for her as a writer.Would you like more inspirational stories, suggestions, insights, and a place to continue the conversations with other listeners? Visit anthonyplog-on-music.supercast.com to learn more! As a Contributing Listener of "Anthony Plog on Music," you'll have access to extra premium content and benefits including: Extra Audio Content: Only available to Contributing Listeners. Podcast Reflections: Tony's written recaps and thoughts on past interviews, including valuable tips and suggestions for students. Ask Me Anything: Both as written messages and occasional member-only Zoom sessions. The Show's Discord Server: Where conversations about interviews, show suggestions, and questions happen. It's a great place to meet other listeners and chat about all things music! Can I just donate instead of subscribing? Absolutely! Cancel at anytime and easily resubscribe when you want all that extra content again. Learn more about becoming a Contributing Listener @ anthonyplog-on-music.supercast.com!

John Maytham speaks to Sulette Ferreira about the deep emotional currents of her work, the physical and mental toll of guiding clients through these life-altering transitions, and her insights into the country's shifting immigration climate.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jeanette Shaw is the Senior Director of Policy at Forth and a member of their leadership team. Forth is a non-profit that advances electric, smart and equitable access to clean transportation. At Forth, Jeanette is responsible for public policy and regulatory affairs at the state and federal levels. She has over three decades of extensive international, national, state and local public policy expertise in technology and association management focusing on issues such as manufacturing investment credits, economic development zones, workforce training, organizational development, and transportation options such as shared mobility, first and last mile transportation options, and light and heavy-duty rail. Jeanette was also tapped to help start TechNet, a national technology trade association.    Jeanette Shaw was elected to the Tigard City Council in 2020 and began her service in 2021. She served on the Oregon Solutions Transportation and Electric Vehicle Collaborative; the State of Oregon Career Technical Education Advisory Commission and was a founding Board member of the STEM STEAM East Multnomah Partnership.   Councilor Shaw holds an Executive MBA from Stanford University and a Bachelor of Science from the University of California, Santa Barbara. She is married to Jason Shaw, a fifth-generation Oregonian.  

What are we getting out of the Fifa World games? This will be be costing the city way more than it should. Host Alex Pierson speaks with Stephen Holyday, Deputy Mayor & Councilor for Ward 2 Etobicoke Centre. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Councilor Andrea Zielinski has been serving as a Roseburg City Councilor representing Ward 2 since 2015. Initially appointed to the position, she was then elected in 2016 and again in 2020. In 2023 she served as Council President, which was only the second time a female had held that position in Roseburg's history. She has chaired Roseburg's Historic Resource Review Commission and currently leads the City's Library Commission. In addition to serving on Council and working full-time as an HR Manager for FCC Commercial Furniture, Andrea is actively involved in various community organizations. She serves on the board of directors for the Greater Douglas United Way, Family Development Center, Umpqua Heart, and Children's Public Private Partnerships (CP3). Additionally, she is a committee member for Music on the Half Shell, Douglas County Community Organizations Active in Disasters, and Friends of the Umpqua Valley Police K9 Programs.

NSPR spoke with candidates running for Chico City Council this fall. Today we hear from Mike Johnson who is running against Mike O'Brien for District 1. Also, supervisors approved an updated Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, which addresses disaster preparedness and recovery, and Chico will soon be getting an REI.

NSPR spoke with candidates running for Chico City Council this fall. Today we hear from Katie Hawley who is running against Melissa Lopez-Mora. Also, PG&E is warning of potential power shutoffs for around 30 counties later this week to prevent wildfires, and the U.S. Department of Education awarded Chico State with an $8.5 million grant to support placing aspiring teachers in residency programs across rural Northern California.