Podcasts about amsterdam university medical center

Today, we're speaking to Professor Martijn Schut, Professor of Translational AI in Laboratory Medicine and Professor Henk CPM van Weert, GP and Emeritus Professor of General Practice, both based at Amsterdam University Medical Center.Title of paper: Artificial intelligence for early detection of lung cancer in GPs' clinical notes: a retrospective observational cohort studyAvailable at: https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2023.0489In most cancers, the prognosis depends substantially on the stage at the start of therapy. Therefore, many methods have been developed to enhance earlier diagnosis, for example, logistic regression models, biomarkers, and electronic-nose technology (exhaled volatile organic compounds). However, as most patients are referred by their GP, who keeps life-long histories of enlisted patients, general practice files might contain hidden information that could be used for earlier case finding. An algorithm was developed to identify patients with lung cancer 4 months earlier, just by analysing their files. Contrary to other methods, all medical information available in general practice was used.TranscriptThis transcript was generated using AI and has not been reviewed for accuracy. Please be aware it may contain errors or omissions.Speaker A00:00:01.600 - 00:00:55.370Hello and welcome to BJGP Interviews. I'm Nada Khan and I'm one of the associate editors of the journal. Thanks for taking the time today to listen to this podcast.Today we're speaking to Professor Martin Schutt, who is a professor in translational AI and Laboratory medicine, and Professor Hank Vanwort, GP and Emeritus professor in General Practice, who are both based at Amsterdam University Medical Center. We're here to discuss their paper, which is titled Artificial Intelligence for Early Detection of lung cancer in GP's clinical notes.So, yeah, it's great to see you both here today. And Martin, I'll come to you first.I suppose we know that it's important to try and diagnose cancer early, but could you talk us through what's the potential for artificial intelligence here in terms of identifying cancer earlier based on patient records?Speaker B00:00:55.810 - 00:01:52.220Yeah, that's a very interesting question because the potential kind of like goes hand in hand with the huge amount of interest in AI. And I think there are great opportunities. There are also great challenges.But talking about the opportunities, especially in the context of the article that we wrote, is on the data side. So on the data side, the digitalization of electronic health records gives great opportunities.A lot more is digitalized, and that means that we also, in our case, have access to free text, and that we, with the advent of the large language models, with also new developments in AI, we also have better ways of making use of those data. So those two combined creates a really interesting formula for big opportunities for AI in the general practice and healthcare in general.Speaker A00:01:52.300 - 00:02:05.960And you mentioned access to free text records. So what GPs are typing into the record records?But before we get into the study, can you just briefly describe what is natural language processing and how that can be used in free text records?Speaker B00:02:06.760 - 00:03:10.100So we know that a lot of clinical risk scores, they work with features of patients, so their age and their gender or sex. And. But of course, a lot of information is also written up in unstructured way. And in our case that is...

 Dr.  Josine Verhoeven, senior research and mental health psychologist at a depression clinic connected to the Amsterdam University Medical Center. Her research focuses on both the biology and psychology of mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders. We discuss her recent work showing that antidepressant medication and running have similar effects on mental health. Furthermore, exercise, in this case running, had more favorable outcomes on physical health measures. Support the show

In this episode of SurgOnc Today®, Dr. Patricio Polanco, from the University of Texas Southwestern and Vice-chair of the SSO HPB disease site working group, and Dr. Sandra DiBrito, from Albany Medical College and member of the HPB disease site working group, are joined by Dr. Marc Besselink, of Amsterdam University Medical Center, and Dr. Amer Zureikat, of University of Pittsburgh. This is the second episode in our Minimally Invasive Techniques in Hepatobiliary Surgery Series. We will focus today on minimally invasive pancreas surgery.

Radiotherapy plays a vital role in cancer treatment. In Europe alone, incidents of cancer are projected to rise around 20% by 2040, mainly due to an increasingly aging population. It's numbers like these that emphasize the importance of pushing boundaries in radiotherapy. With AI-optimized workflows, it's possible to speed up treatment planning and ensure highly personalized therapies and technology like auto contouring can protect healthy organs during irradiation by means of AI. This implementation, however, is often met with challenges like staff shortages and inconsistencies with data collection, highlighting the need for more efficient implementation strategies. In this episode, experts in the fields of radiotherapy and cancer treatment address the amazing headway being made in the world of radiotherapy as well as some of the key roles that current technology can play in the future.Host Sasa Mutic, President of Radiation Oncology Solutions at the Varian Business Area of Siemens Healthineers, is joined by Valery Lemmens, a member of the Board of Directors at Maastro Radiotherapy Clinic in the Netherlands and creator of the Dutch Cancer Atlas; as well as Joost Verhoeff, radiation oncologist and professor of radiotherapy at Amsterdam University Medical Center; and Indrin Chetty, Vice Chair and Director of the Division of Medical Physics at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles.What you'll learn in this episode:By using a digital twin, medical professionals can review existing health records and continually compare that information with patient dataWith adaptive radiotherapy, radiation dosages can be tailored to circumstances like tumor size, type, and position and proximity to vital organsThe Dutch Cancer Atlas interprets and publishes data in a context that increases awareness of regional differences in cancer incidentsThe unique role that data plays in the advancement of cancer careThe deep troves of data that already exist within radiotherapy departments can play a key role in the integration of AI into cancer treatmentsWidespread availability of data creates the opportunity for automated treatment planning and outcome predictionConnect with Sasa MuticLinkedIn Connect with Valery LemmensLinkedInConnect with Joost VerhoeffLinkedInIndrin ChettyLinkedIn Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Talmud teaches us that neither man nor beast can survive without a liver. In his lamentations, Jeremiah laments, "My eyes are tired of weeping, my intestines are burning, my liver has been spilled over the earth." In Greek mythology, the liver was considered to be the seat of life for both gods and humans. It is said that Prometheus, who was punished by Zeus for giving mankind the Olympic fire, had his liver eaten daily by an eagle. However, it is also said that his liver grew back every night. It would seem that the Greeks did not fully comprehend the regenerative properties of the liver, yet they were able to encapsulate its essence symbolically. Similarly, it is thought that Etruscan oracles could 'read' the future in a sheep's liver. In art, the suffering of Christ is often depicted with a wound on the right side, which is where the liver is located. This symbolism is thought to represent the duality of salvation, associated with the qualities of good and evil. "Indeed, it would appear that the right side was chosen in order to fulfil the prophecy of the Old Testament." All of this is documented in the book "Prometheus and the Liver through Art and Medicine", a fascinating multidisciplinary publication co-authored by Thomas M. van Gulik, a highly esteemed hepatobiliary surgeon and researcher globally, who is currently Professor Emeritus of Surgery at the Amsterdam University Medical Center in the Netherlands. We are honored to have him as our guest for this remarkable episode. You are warmly invited to join us for an enlightening session with Professor van Gulik. We will have the privilege of learning from him about liver resection and regeneration, as well as exploring other wonders of the human liver and the latest advances produced by science. From ancient times, the myth of Prometheus has held a special place in the collective imagination. From the humours of Hippocrates to Vesalius, the story has continued to resonate, inspiring scientists and artists alike. As Professor van Gulik notes, the tale reminds us of the regenerative power of the liver and the enduring significance of Prometheus' fate in motivating us to advance, create and serve humanity.

Please speak to a healthcare professional if you feel like you would benefit from support with your mental health. ‘Most people just want to feel like they're being heard.'Anyone living with type 1 diabetes can tell you that it's not easy, but how do we transfer that awareness into diabetes care?The research that Maartje De Wit, senior researcher and principal investigator of diabetes and psychology, and her team are doing at the Amsterdam University Medical Center is providing a growing body of important and pioneering evidence that is not only increasing understanding among healthcare teams and people living with T1D, but introducing new models that are making a practical difference to people's lives.In this episode, Maartje discusses the latest findings from her research - including self-guided therapy, the balance between time in range and time in happiness, body image and the idea that ‘every person with type 1 diabetes has a disturbed relationship with food'. She reveals the importance of - and the challenges around - creating space for mental health conversations in routine diabetes consultations, and takes us through what the many emotional challenges of living type 1 diabetes look like on a day-to-day level.Although there is still progress to be made, it's so heartening that these discussions are on the table and this work is being done. This episode is validation for anyone who's ever felt frustrated by their type 1 diabetes, for any reason, or isolated by the emotional challenges that so many people with type 1 diabetes and their carers carry, often unbeknownst to those around them.PEOPLE, PLACES AND THINGS MENTIONED:Connect with Maartje on LinkedInMore about Beating The Blues - Online CBT programmeThe Amsterdam University Medical Center - Maartje's research publicationsThe MyREMEDY Trial - MyDiaMate Self-Guided App for Type 1 Diabetes and Mental HealthMore about the MyREMEDY trial (Dutch)The Diabetes Body ProjectJOIN THE TYPE 1 ON 1 COMMUNITY We've got an Instagram account! Come and say hi @studiotype1on1.SPONSOR MESSAGE: Thanks to my episode sponsors Dexcom.Pioneer and leader in Real-Time continuous glucose monitors, Dexcom's goal is to simplify and improve diabetes management for every possible person with diabetes.They have a choice of systems, so you can find the right one for your lifestyle at https://www.dexcom.com/

Dr. Joshua Wechsler and Prof. Arjan Bredenoord discuss the burden of disease in patients with EoE, the impact on quality of life, and how to overcome challenges in identifying EoE. ADVENT is a medical education non-promotional resource for healthcare professionals organized by Sanofi and Regeneron. Learn more at ADVENTprogram.com. This podcast is intended for healthcare professionals only. Disclaimer:  This program is non-promotional and is sponsored by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The speakers are being compensated and/or receiving an honorarium from Sanofi and Regeneron in connection with this program The content contained in this program was jointly developed by the speakers and Sanofi and Regeneron and is not eligible for continuing medical education (CME) credits Speaker disclosures: Arjan Bredenoord, MD, PhD (Adult Gastroenterologist): Professor, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Joshua Wechsler, MD, MSci (Pediatric Gastroenterologist): Attending Physician, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition; Campaign Urging Research for Eosinophilic Disorders (CURED) Foundation Research Scholar; Medical Director, Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders Program; Assistant Professor in Pediatrics & Medicine, Northwestern University – The Feinberg School of Medicine © 2024 Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All Rights Reserved. MAT-GLB-2304791 - 1.0 - 05/2024 MAT-US-2404998 v1.0  - P Expiration Date: 05/15/2026

To claim educational credit, please follow the link to the show notes. In a special episode, we discuss a complex, rare disease, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, or FOP. Host Aaron Lohr talks with three guests: Eileen M. Shore, PhD, Cali and Weldon Research Professor in FOP and co-director of the Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Elisabeth Marelise W. Eekhoff, MD, PhD, endocrinologist, principal investigator, and medical specialist at Amsterdam University Medical Center in the Netherlands; and Michelle Davis, executive director of the International Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Association. This episode is certified for 0.5 American Medical Association Physician’s Recognition Award (AMA PRA) Category 1™ credits and 0.5 American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification (ABIM MOC) points. If you want those credits and points, you will have to browse to the Endocrine Society’s Center for Learning, take a pre-test, listen to this episode there, then take a post-test. This episode is supported by an educational grant from Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals Inc. Show notes, including link to the Center for Learning, are available at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast/enp84-fibrodysplasia-ossificans-progressiva — for helpful links or to hear more podcast episodes, visit https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

Professor Hanneke van Laarhoven is professor of translational medical oncology at the University of Amsterdam and head of the Department of Medical Oncology of the Amsterdam University Medical Center. She is a world-renowned specialist on gastrointestinal cancer, but her interests reach far beyond the body, including psychology, AI, philosophy and theology. She is also known for helping develop the first large-scale databases collecting tumour and blood samples, archives which hopefully will one day provide a key to unlocking the mysteries still surrounding the disease today.Van Laarhoven calls herself a “staunch advocate of interdisciplinarity”. She certainly has the credentials to back it up: she has PhDs in both Medical Oncology and Religious Studies, and has long been involved with spiritual and artistic projects. Not the most obviously related disciplines, you might say, but it has offered her a uniquely important position from which to understand the concerns of her patients, many of whom find themselves unexpectedly faced with questions of uncertainty, and, indeed, mortality.Faculty page: https://researchinformation.amsterdamumc.org/en/persons/hanneke-w-m-van-laarhovenEuropean Society for Medical Oncology page: https://www.esmo.org/about-esmo/biographies/hanneke-van-laarhovenThe Cluster F Theory Podcast is edited by Julian Mayers at Yada Yada.Subscribe on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/the-cluster-f-theory-podcast/id1736982916Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5V4bBn54hiImeoyDNmTcIr?si=729367e48b0940d9Thanks for reading The Cluster F Theory Podcast! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support the podcast. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit theclusterftheory.substack.com

Cochrane Work has produced many systematic reviews of interventions that might help workers stay safe in the workplace. In this podcast, Roos Schelvis, senior researcher in mental health and work and Sietske Tamminga, assistant professor, both from Amsterdam University Medical Center in the Netherlands discuss the May 2023 update of one of these, which looks at the effects of individual-level stress interventions for healthcare workers.

Cochrane Work has produced many systematic reviews of interventions that might help workers stay safe in the workplace. In this podcast, Roos Schelvis, senior researcher in mental health and work and Sietske Tamminga, assistant professor, both from Amsterdam University Medical Center in the Netherlands discuss the May 2023 update of one of these, which looks at the effects of individual-level stress interventions for healthcare workers.

Welcome to the NeurologyLive® Mind Moments® podcast. Tune in to hear leaders in neurology sound off on topics that impact your clinical practice. In this episode, we spoke with a variety of specialists in neurology who presented research and gave talks at MSMilan, the joint ECTRIMS-ACTRIMS meeting, held October 11-13, in Milan, Italy. Those included in this week's episode, in order of appearance, are: Mitzi Joi Williams, MD, founder and chief executive officer of the Joi Life Wellness Group Multiple Sclerosis Center. Rhonda Voskuhl, the director of the Multiple Sclerosis Program at UCLA. Tom Fuchs, MD, PhD, a research fellow at the MS Center at Amsterdam University Medical Center. Barry Singer, MD, the director and founder of The MS Center for Innovations in Care. Georgina Arrambide, a clinical neurologist in the MS Center of Catalunya. Want more from the MSMilan, the joint ECTRIMS-ACTRIMS meeting? Click here for all of NeurologyLive®'s coverage of MSMilan 2023. Episode Breakdown: 1:10 – Joi Williams on expanding the use of biomarkers and the next steps in advancing precision medicine for multiple sclerosis treatment. 2:20 – Voskuhl on the increased research efforts to better understand the links between aging, menopause, and women with MS. 4:30 – Fuchs on the challenges of tracking cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis and improving currently available assessments. 7:50 – Singer on the introduction of biosimilars to MS care, the rigorous approval process they undergo, and the potential benefits they bring to the field. 11:45 – Arrambide on an updated consensus approach to the differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis, and the red flags clinicians should be aware of during this process. This episode is brought to you by Medical World News, a streaming channel from MJH Life Sciences®. Check out new content and shows every day, only at medicalworldnews.com. Thanks for listening to the NeurologyLive® Mind Moments® podcast. To support the show, be sure to rate, review, and subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts. For more neurology news and expert-driven content, visit neurologylive.com.

We discuss Michel Serres' 1990 book The Natural Contract. Our mountain guide through Plato's Cave and the philosophy of Michel Serres is Aldo Houterman. Aldo teaches Medical Ethics and Philosophy at the Amsterdam University Medical Center and is doing his PhD research at the ESPRIT center for sports, integrity and transition at the Erasmus University in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. His book 'We are our body' is about the meaning of the body, sports and movement for human existence His area of research is the philosophy of the body: How is the body regarded in sports, in healthcare or in science? Which body images prevail in top sports and which ideas about the body are sustainable? In his work Aldo uses the interdisciplinary philosophy of Michel Serres. Aldo is also an avid cyclist and a member of the ethical committy of the cyclist union KNWU.   Sources: The Natural Contract: https://www.press.umich.edu/9725/natural_contract  ESPRIT: https://www.eur.nl/esphil/onderzoek/onderzoeksinstituten-centra-en-scholen/erasmus-center-sport-integrity-transition Wij zijn ons lichaam (Dutch): https://www.amboanthos.nl/boek/wij-zijn-ons-lichaam/ Interview with Aldo about sport (Dutch): https://www.human.nl/lees/2021/aug/aldo-houterman.html ‘De gymles van Michel Serres'  (Dutch): https://www.academia.edu/38127298/De_gymles_van_Michel_Serres Michel Serres Reading Guide: https://christopherwatkin.com/2020/02/27/so-you-want-to-read-michel-serres-start-here/   This is an independent educational podcast and I appreciate any support you can give me me on Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/lifefromplatoscave) or in other ways.   I hope you enjoy the episode! Mario http://lifefromplatoscave.com/    I'd love to hear your questions or comments: Leave me a voicemail: https://www.speakpipe.com/LifeFromPlatosCave   Twitter: https://twitter.com/lifeplatoscave  Insta: https://www.instagram.com/lifefromplatoscave/  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lifefromplatoscave  Illustration © by Julien Penning, Light One Art: https://www.instagram.com/light_one_art/

Our mountain guide through Plato's Cave and the philosophy of Michel Serres is Aldo Houterman. Aldo teaches Medical Ethics and Philosophy at the Amsterdam University Medical Center and is doing his PhD research at the ESPRIT center for sports, integrity and transition at the Erasmus University in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. His book 'We are our body' is about the meaning of the body, sports and movement for human existence His area of research is the philosophy of the body: How is the body regarded in sports, in healthcare or in science? Which body images prevail in top sports and which ideas about the body are sustainable? In his work Aldo uses the interdisciplinary philosophy of Michel Serres. Aldo is also an avid cyclist and a member of the ethical committy of the cyclist union KNWU.   Sources: ESPRIT: https://www.eur.nl/esphil/onderzoek/onderzoeksinstituten-centra-en-scholen/erasmus-center-sport-integrity-transition Wij zijn ons lichaam (Dutch): https://www.amboanthos.nl/boek/wij-zijn-ons-lichaam/ Interview with Aldo about sport (Dutch): https://www.human.nl/lees/2021/aug/aldo-houterman.html ‘De gymles van Michel Serres'  (Dutch): https://www.academia.edu/38127298/De_gymles_van_Michel_Serres Michel Serres Reading Guide: https://christopherwatkin.com/2020/02/27/so-you-want-to-read-michel-serres-start-here/   This is an independent educational podcast and I appreciate any support you can give me me on Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/lifefromplatoscave) or in other ways.   I hope you enjoy the episode! Mario http://lifefromplatoscave.com/    I'd love to hear your questions or comments: Leave me a voicemail: https://www.speakpipe.com/LifeFromPlatosCave   Twitter: https://twitter.com/lifeplatoscave  Insta: https://www.instagram.com/lifefromplatoscave/  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lifefromplatoscave  Illustration © by Julien Penning, Light One Art: https://www.instagram.com/light_one_art/

Axel Petzold (National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK, and Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands) discusses a Position Paper, published in the December issue of The Lancet Neurology, which sets out new criteria for the diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis.Read the Position Paper:Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis

Clips : Gravitas Plus: The truth behind preserved and processed food Articles: Australia: The More “Vaccines” You've Had, The Sicker You'll Be Could certain COVID-19 vaccines leave people more vulnerable to the AIDS virus? NATIONAL PEACE RALLY BLACKLISTED BY MAINSTREAM AND SOCIAL MEDIA HEALTH NEWS: Green tea extract promotes gut health, lowers blood sugar Ohio State University, July 26, 2022New research in people with a cluster of heart disease risk factors has shown that consuming green tea extract for four weeks can reduce blood sugar levels and improve gut health by lowering inflammation and decreasing “leaky gut.”Researchers said this is the first study assessing whether the health risks linked to the condition known as metabolic syndrome, which affects about one-third of Americans, may be diminished by green tea's anti-inflammatory benefits in the gut.”There is much evidence that greater consumption of green tea is associated with good levels of cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides, but no studies have linked its benefits at the gut to those health factors,” said Richard Bruno, senior study author and professor of human nutrition at The Ohio State University.In the new study, green tea extract also lowered blood sugar, or glucose, and decreased gut inflammation and permeability in healthy people—an unexpected finding. “What this tells us is that within one month we're able to lower blood glucose in both people with metabolic syndrome and healthy people, and the lowering of bloodglucose appears to be related to decreasing leaky gut and decreasing gut inflammation—regardless of health status,” Bruno said.”We did not attempt to cure metabolic syndrome with a one-month study,” he said. “But based on what we know about the causal factors behind metabolic syndrome, there is potential for green tea to be acting at least in part at the gut level to alleviate the risk for either developing it or reversing it if you already have metabolic syndrome.” Blood vessels can actually get better with age  Study finds that arteries adapt to oxidative stress caused by agingUniversity of Missouri, July 21, 2022Although the causes of many age-related diseases remain unknown, oxidative stress is thought to be the main culprit. Oxidative stress has been linked to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases including diabetes, hypertension and age-related cancers. However, researchers at the University of Missouri found that aging actually offered significant protection against oxidative stress. These findings suggest that aging may trigger an adaptive response to counteract the effects of oxidative stress on blood vessels.”Molecules known as reactive oxygen species, or ROS, play an important role in regulating cellular function,” said Steven Segal, a professor of medical pharmacology and physiology at the MU School of Medicine and senior author of the study. “However, the overproduction of ROS can help create a condition referred to as oxidative stress, which can alter the function of cells and interfere with their growth and reproduction.””We studied the endothelium from resistance arteries of male mice at 4 months and 24 months of age, which correspond to humans in their early 20s and mid-60s,” Segal said. “We first studied the endothelium under resting conditions and in the absence of oxidative stress. We then simulated oxidative stress by adding hydrogen peroxide. When oxidative stress was induced for 20 minutes, the endothelial cells of the younger mice had abnormal increases in calcium when compared to the endothelial cells of the older mice. This finding is important because when calcium gets too high, cells can be severely damaged.”  When oxidative stress was extended to 60 minutes, Segal's team found that the death of endothelial cells in the younger mice was seven times greater than those from the older mice. These findings indicated that with advancing age, the endothelium had adapted to preserve cellular integrity when confronted with oxidative stress.Our study suggests that blood vessels adapt during the aging process to regulate ROS and minimize cell death when subjected to an abrupt increase in oxidative stress. This adaptation helps to ensure that the arteries of older individuals can still do their jobs.”  Elevated tween screen time linked to disruptive behavior disorders University of California, San Francisco, July 26, 2022Tweens who spend more time on screens have a higher likelihood of developing disruptive behavior disorders, with social media having an especially strong influence, a new UC San Francisco-led study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry found.Social media use was most likely to be linked to conduct disorder, while other forms of screen use—such as watching videos and television, playing video games, and texting—were more likely to be associated with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).Conduct disorder is characterized by violating others' basic rights or societal rules with actions such as bullying, vandalism and stealing, while ODD is marked by a pattern of angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behavior, and vindictiveness.Researchers collected data on screen use, then evaluated for behavior disorders one year later. Each hour of social media was linked with a 62% higher prevalence of conduct disorder, while television, video games, video chat, and texting were linked with a 14% to 21% higher prevalence of ODD.In another recent study, Nagata and colleagues found that adolescents are so attached to their phones—the main vehicle for screen time—that they report losing track of time when using their phone (47.5%) and will interrupt whatever they are doing when contacted by phone (31%).The average amount of screen time was four hours per day, with the most time spent watching/streaming TV shows/movies (1.3 hours on average), playing videogames (1.1 hours), and watching/streaming videos (1 hour).  In fact, four hours a day was a threshold, with time above four hours associated with a 69% higher prevalence of conduct disorder and a 46% higher prevalence of ODD. Cocoa shown to reduce blood pressure and arterial stiffness in study University of Surrey (UK), July 26, 2022 Cocoa flavanols have previously been found to lower blood pressure and arterial stiffnessas much as some blood pressure medication. However, how effective flavanols are in everyday life in reducing blood pressure has remained unknown, as previous studies in this area have been performed in tightly controlled experimental settings. Surrey's new research reduces concerns that cocoa as a treatment for raised blood pressure could pose health risks by decreasing blood pressure when it is not raised, paving the way for it to be potentially used in clinical practice. In the first study of its kind study, researchers set out to investigate the use of flavanols, a compound found in cocoa, in lowering blood pressure and arterial stiffness in individuals outside of clinical settings. For several days, eleven healthy participants consumed, on alternating days, either six cocoa flavanol capsules or six placebo capsules containing brown sugar. Participants were provided with an upper arm blood pressure monitor and a finger clip measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV) which gauges levels of arterial stiffness. Measurements of blood pressure and PWV were taken prior to consumption of the capsules and every 30 minutes after ingestion for the first three hours, and then hourly for the remaining nine hours. Researchers found that blood pressure and arterial stiffness were only lowered in participants if it was high, and there was no effect when the blood pressure was low in the morning. Professor Heiss added, “The positive impact cocoa flavanols have on our cardiovascular system, in particular, blood vessel function and blood pressure, is undeniable. Doctors often fear that some blood pressure tablets can decrease the blood pressure too much on some days. Greater potassium intake linked to lower blood pressure in women Amsterdam University Medical Center, July 25 2022.  A study  in European Heart Journal found an association between consuming a higher amount of potassium and lower blood pressure among women with a high intake of sodium. “It is well known that high salt consumption is associated with elevated blood pressure and a raised risk of heart attacks and strokes,” noted study author Liffert Vogt, MD, PhD, of Amsterdam University Medical Center. “Health advice has focused on limiting salt intake but this is difficult to achieve when our diets include processed foods. Potassium helps the body excrete more sodium in the urine.” The study included 11,267 men and 13,696 women who enrolled in England's EPIC-Norfolk study between 1993 and 1997. Some participants were being treated for hypertension. Sodium and potassium intake were estimated from urinary levels of these minerals and categorized as low, medium or high.  Increased potassium intake was associated with declining blood pressure among women with high sodium intake. In this group, each 1 gram increase in potassium consumption was associated with a 2.4 mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure.  During a median follow-up of 19.5 years, 54.5% of the men and women experienced cardiovascular disease events. Men whose potassium intake was among the top one-third of participants had a 7% lower risk of hospitalization or death caused by cardiovascular disease compared to men whose intake was among the lowest third. Among women whose potassium intake was highest, the risk was 11% lower.  Elderberry benefits air travelers  Griffith University, July 21, 2022 The negative health effects of international air travel are well documented but now it seems that the common elderberry can provide some relief. Associate Professor Evelin Tiralongo and Dr Shirley Wee from Griffith's Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MHIQ) have completed a clinical trial showing that an elderberry supplement can provide some protection from cold and flu-like symptoms following long-haul flights. Intercontinental air travel can be stressful and affect a passenger's physical and psychological wellbeing. Whilst jet lag and fatigue remain the best known problems, holidaymakers also often experience upper respiratory symptoms. The randomised, double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial was conducted with 312 economy class passengers travelling from Australia to an overseas destination. Cold episodes, cold duration and symptoms were recorded in a daily diary and participants also completed surveys before, during and after travel. “We found that most cold episodes occurred in the placebo group. However, the placebo group had a significantly higher number of cold episode days, and the symptom score in the placebo group over these days was also significantly higher,” says Associate Professor Tiralongo. The trial used capsules containing 300mg of a standardised, proprietary membrane-filtered elderberry extract which has shown to be effective in working against respiratory bacteria and influenza viruses.

Assessing & treating adult ADHD can be both very challenging as well as highly rewarding for client and clinician alike. Professor, psychiatrist & author, Dr. Sandra Kooij joins us for an in-depth discussion of the assessment and treatment of adult ADHD.  In this discussion we cover:    description of the main symptom clusters of adult ADHD (attention, hyperactivity, impulsivity) and how risk stratifies by various demographic factorsconsideration of the frequent presence of emotion dysregulation with adult ADHDthe challenge of under and over diagnosis in the context of adult ADHDcomorbidity in the context of ADHD and the challenge of differential diagnosisthe relationship between borderline personality and ADHD and why they may reflect the same underlying biological vulnerabilityassessment of ADHD in the context of active substance use, in particular cannabisthe special role that sleep disruption may play in the etiology and maintenance of ADHDthe differentiation between ADHD and cognitive ability and Dr. Kooij's thoughts on the role of cognitive testing in ADHD assessmenthow perfectionism, pleasing etc. - especially in the context of high functioning clients (and in particular, women) - can hide underlying adult ADHDconceptualizing diagnostic situations in which symptoms only become clinically significant later in life (or as life demands grow e.g., starting university, starting a family etc.) - particularly for high functioning clients or clients who grew up in a highly structured/supportive environment the challenge of navigating diagnosis in the context of subsyndromal symptomatology which may be better served by a continuum vs. categorical framework the relationship between hormonal disturbance, dopaminergic imbalance and ADHD in womenthe relationship between cardiovascular disease and ADHD in womenDr. Kooij's suggested resources for clinicians and consumersComments or feedback?  Email the show: oicbtpodcast@gmail.comSandra Kooij, MD, Ph.D., is a professor at Amsterdam University Medical Center and Head of the Expertise Center Adult ADHD at PsyQ in the Hague, the Netherlands. She has more than 25 years of clinical experience and founded the ExpertiseCenter, the DIVA Foundation (Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults in 29 languages), The European Network Adult ADHD, and The Dutch Network Adult ADHD.  Her research focuses on ADHD, sleep and health, on women with ADHD and hormonal mood changes during the lifespan, and on ADHD in older people.  She is the author of “Adult ADHD - Diagnostic Assessment & Treatment” (Third Edition) published by SpringerLink.  She is involved in research, treating patients, training professionals, informing the public, publishing articles, books, webinars and podcasts. 

This week, join authors Maryjane Farr and Josef Stehlik as they discuss their Perspective article "Heart Xenotransplant: A Door That Is Finally Opening." Dr. Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation On the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the Journal and its editors. We're your co-hosts. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center in Duke National University of Singapore. Dr. Greg Hundley: And I'm, Dr. Greg Hundley, Associate Editor, Director of the Pauley Heart Center, at VCU Health in Richmond, Virginia. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well, Carolyn, this week's feature, very interesting, xenotransplantation, where organs from other species are transplanted into humans. And it's a perspective piece. And so, we're going to get a weighted conversation from two different individuals that have a different perspective on the topic. Dr. Greg Hundley: But, before we get to that, how about we grab a cup of coffee, and start with some of the other articles in the issue? Would you like to go first? Dr. Carolyn Lam: Absolutely, Greg. Although man, that is a big hook you just gave us. Xenotransplantation is seriously, seriously, a hot topic. Can't wait to learn more. Dr. Carolyn Lam: But, for this first paper I want to talk about, well, we know that sequencing Mendelian arrhythmia genes in individuals without an indication for arrhythmia genetic testing, can identify carriers of pathogenic, or lightly pathogenic, variants. However, to what extent do these variants associate with clinically meaningful phenotypes, and what do we know about variants of uncertain significance? Dr. Carolyn Lam: So to answer this question, Dr. Dan Roden, from Vanderbilt University, and his colleagues, looked at 10 arrhythmia susceptibility genes, that were sequenced in more are than 20,000 participants without an indication for arrhythmia genetic testing in the eMERGE III study, which is a multi-center prospective cohort. Variants, previously designated pathogenic, or likely pathogenic, were identified in 120 individuals, or 0.6% population. And electronic health records revealed an over-representation of arrhythmia phenotypes. Some variants of uncertain significance were also found in individuals with arrhythmias and patch clamping, confirmed reclassification, to likely pathogenic. Dr. Greg Hundley: Really interesting results from this eMERGE III study, Carolyn. So what's the take home message? Dr. Carolyn Lam: As genetic testing becomes more common, the combination of electronic health records and in vitro testing, will help classify variant pathogenicity. Population screening has the potential to identify patients with undiagnosed Mendelian rhythm disorders. However, we need to consider the pros and cons of such an approach. And this is discussed in an accompanying editorial by doctors, Walsh, and Bezzina, and Wilde, from Amsterdam University Medical Center. Dr. Greg Hundley: Very nice, Carolyn. Well, my first paper comes to us from Professor Karl Heusler from the University of Wurzburg. Carolyn, this study was a pre-specified analysis of the anticoagulation using the direct factor Xa inhibitor, apixaban, during atrial fibrillation catheter ablation comparison to vitamin K antagonist therapy, or the AXAFA–AFNET 5 trial. And it randomized 674 patients with atrial fibrillation, in a one-to-one fashion, to uninterrupted apixaban, or vitamin K antagonist therapy, prior to first time ablation, with a goal to assess the prevalence of magnetic resonance imaging detected ischemic brain lesions, and their association with cognitive function, three months after first time ablation, using the continuous oral anticoagulation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Huh. Nice. So what did they find, Greg? Dr. Greg Hundley: Right, Carolyn. They found that brain MRI detected chronic white matter damage, as well as, acute ischemic lesions, were frequently found after first time ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, using uninterrupted oral anticoagulation. Including, 27.2% of those receiving apixaban, and 24.8% of those receiving the vitamin K antagonists. So Carolyn, no difference there. MRI detected acute ischemic brain lesions were not associated with cognitive function at three months after ablation. And then, Carolyn, the lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores, both before and after ablation, were associated with older age only, highlighting the safety of atrial fibrillation ablation on uninterrupted oral anticoagulation. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Oh, thank you, Greg. Well, my next paper talks about basilar artery occlusion, which we know is a devastating condition without definitive evidence to guide treatment. Now, while we do know that faster treatment times with endovascular therapy is associated with better outcomes in the anterior circulation of the brain. What about this relationship for basilar artery occlusion? See? So that's the question that this paper sought to answer, and it's led by Dr. Smith from University of Calgary in Alberta, Canada, and colleagues. They used individual level patient data from the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke nationwide US registry, prospectively collected from January 2015 to December 2019, and identified 3015 patients with basilar artery occlusion treated with endovascular therapy. Dr. Greg Hundley: Ah, Carolyn. And so what did they find here? Dr. Carolyn Lam: So, here are the results. Treatment of basilar artery occlusion with endovascular therapy, within six hours of last known well, is associated with better outcomes, compared to treatment after six hours. Including, lower odds of mortality and higher odds of reperfusion, independence, and discharge home.   Dr. Carolyn Lam: There was a non-linear association between, faster treatment with endovascular therapy for basilar artery occlusion, and better outcomes, with the greatest per hour improvement in outcomes seen within six hours of the last known well. In summary, results indicate that, faster treatment with endovascular therapy may improve outcomes in basilar artery occlusion. Efforts should therefore be made, to optimize workflow, including pre-hospital, inner-hospital, intra-hospital processes, to achieve rapid treatment with endovascular therapy in acute stroke with basilar artery occlusion. Dr. Greg Hundley: Very nice, Carolyn. Well, my next paper comes to us from the world of pre-clinical science. And Carolyn, as we know, pulmonary hypertension can be caused by chronic hypoxia, leading to hyperproliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, and apoptosis-resistant pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. And then, upon re-exposure to normoxia chronic hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in mice, is reversible. So in this study, the authors led by Dr. Christine Veith, from Justus Liebig University in Giessen, aimed to identify novel candidate genes involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling, specifically, in the pulmonary vasculature. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Ah, a very interesting and important topic. So what, or how, did they do this, Greg? Dr. Greg Hundley: Right, Carolyn. So following a microarray analysis, the investigative team assessed the role of secreted protein, acidic, and rich in cysteine, or SPARC, using lung tissue from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, as well as from chronic hypoxic mice. In this experiment, the mice were exposed to normoxia, chronic hypoxia, or chronic hypoxia with subsequent re-exposure to normoxia, at different time points Dr. Carolyn Lam: Okay, so what were the results? Dr. Greg Hundley: Okay, Carolyn, the big drum roll. So the microarray analysis of the pulmonary vascular compartment, after laser micro dissection, identified SPARC as one of the genes down-regulated at all reoxygenation time points that were investigated. Intriguingly, SPARC was vice versa, up-regulated in lungs, during development of hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in mice, as well as in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. Although, SPARC plasma levels were not elevated in pulmonary hypertension. Dr. Greg Hundley: Transforming growth factor, or TGF-beta 1, or hypoxia induced factor to a signaling pathways, induced SPARC expression in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. In loss of function studies, SPARC silencing enhanced apoptosis, and reduced proliferation. And so Carolyn, in conclusion, these authors provide evidence for the involvement of SPARC in the pathogenesis of human pulmonary hypertension, and chronic hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in mice, most probably, by affecting vascular cell function. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Wow. Thanks for that, Greg. Well, let me give a tour of what else there is in today's issue. There's a letter from Dr. Ng on could cardiologists support, improve, the cardiovascular risk of GnRH agonists. There's a Case Series, by Dr. Blumer, on [entitled] Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Associated with Endocarditis: A Case Years in the Making.” There's a Perspective piece by Dr. Hillis on [entitled], Is Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis Still a Waiting Game?” Dr. Greg Hundley: And Carolyn, from the mailbag, we have a Research Letter, from Professor McFadyen entitled, Inherited Thrombophilias are Associated with a Higher Risk of COVID-19 Associated Venous Thromboembolism, a Prospective Population Based Cohort Study. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well, now onto that perspective and discussion from two viewpoints on xenotransplantation. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Xenotransplantation. Cool. Let's go. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well welcome everyone, to this feature discussion. And today, we're taking a little bit of a, different tact, and we are going to discuss a perspective piece. As you know, usually we will discuss an original article, but we have a perspective. And we have with us, the two authors that created this perspective. Dr. Jane Farr from UT Southwestern, in Dallas, Texas, and Dr. Josef Stehlik, from University of Utah. Welcome to you both. Dr. Greg Hundley: And listeners, our discussion today is on cardiac xenotransplantation, taking a heart from another species and implanting it in a human subject. So Josef, we'll start with you. Could you tell us a little bit about the history of cardiac xenotransplantation, and what are some of the obstacles that have to be overcome, if we're considering performing this procedure in a patient? Dr. Josef Stehlik: Greg, thank you for that question. The concept of xenotransplantation has been around for a long time, with the biggest attraction being, a large and ideally safe source of organs for our patients. As far as cardiac xenotransplantation, the first human art xenotransplant was done in 1964, in a man with terminal heart failure, who received a chimpanzee heart at the University of Mississippi. Dr. Josef Stehlik: The patient didn't survive the surgery, and the way it was done back then, brought up a number of ethical issues, and other issues as well. And so, the next xenotransplant was not done until 1984, in a neonate with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, at Loma Linda University. You might have heard the term, Baby Fae, before. And this infant survived about 20 days, and so we couldn't consider it, long term success. However, these two first xenotransplant brought up some important issues that would be studied for years to come. And I think, that the biggest lesson was that, the intra-species immune barriers were a formidable obstacle, and that really, new technologies, and then new medications, would probably have to come into the clinical arena, before we could do it again. Dr. Greg Hundley: Very nice. Well listeners, now we're going to turn to our second author on this particular paper. And Jane, can you describe some of the circumstances pertaining to this most recent cardiac xenotransplantation? What transpired, and what's been the outcome with that individual? Dr. Maryjane Farr: Thanks, Greg. And thanks for having us here on this program today. So the circumstance around this particular groundbreaking transplant was such that, there was a critically ill patient. This man who was in cardiogenic shock. Both sides of his heart were not working. He was on life saving temporary mechanical support with VA ECMO. And he unfortunately, despite his cardiogenic shock, he was not eligible for standard allotransplantation. Dr. Maryjane Farr: Part of that story was really about, not meeting standard criteria for organ transplantation, probably just about anywhere, in terms of a long history of, maybe not taking his meds, or taking care of himself. And there's, certain criteria that he didn't fit into. And he actually had been assessed, as I understand it, by a number of programs, before the University of Maryland approached him with this possibility. Dr. Maryjane Farr: One other option that could have been taken, was a mechanical circulatory assist device. But as I say, both sides of his heart were not working, and so really, total cardiac replacement was really his only option. Dr. Greg Hundley: And so Jane, do we know anything about what happened? How did the surgical procedure go? Do we know anything about the outcomes? Dr. Maryjane Farr: This is of course, patient privacy. So what we know is really, what's in the public arena. And it's actually, there's been a lot of transparency, which has been terrific, by the patient, and the family, and the doctors, because this is such groundbreaking information. But this patient was truly critically ill. There was some paperwork done to try to get FDA approval for emergency experimental surgery, with xenotransplantation. And of course, all the research at University of Maryland, and in many other centers, nationally, and internationally, have been done over the years. And so finally, there was an approval to do this, and it was basically a scheduled surgery. Dr. Maryjane Farr: And as I understand it, it went just like any other transplant surgery. There was obviously, a procurement team for the genetically modified pig. There was cold storage of the device. Transport, at least as far as to the next operating room, or however it went. And then, standard implantation, and release of cross clamp, and perfusion. And at least by what you can read about, the heart started to work almost immediately. And then of course, I think that's the easy part. It was really all the intense and multi blockade immunosuppressive therapy, which is really, the challenge of this type of therapy. Dr. Greg Hundley: Very nice. Well, Josef, Jane's alluded to this a little bit, but who would be a candidate for this therapeutic, this form of therapy? Dr. Josef Stehlik: Greg, so that's an excellent question. And I would like to address it. Before I do that, maybe we should also mention, very briefly, a little bit of the science behind the genetically engineered pig, that Jane mentioned. Dr. Josef Stehlik: There were three main things that have been done, and what enabled that is gene editing. And here, I would like to actually mention Dr. Mario Capecchi, who received a Nobel Prize in 2007, for his groundbreaking work at the University of Utah, by describing mouse gene knockout. That has been part of what has been used for engineering, of course, in newer approaches, like CRISPR. Dr. Josef Stehlik: Some of the things that have been done is that, the highly antigenic carbohydrates that pigs have on their cell surface, have been edited out. There have been genes that have been edited out and in, connected to coagulation and compliment, to prevent clotting and bleeding in the organ and the recipient after transplant. Dr. Josef Stehlik: And of course, one thing that it's very relevant also to our COVID pandemic, there has always, with xenotransplantation, been a question. Could there be trans-species infection? And pigs do have endogenous retroviruses that are parts of their genome, and those have been edited out as well. And so in this way, some of the previous obstacles have been removed. Dr. Josef Stehlik: So to your question, who might be a candidate? And I absolutely agree with Jane, that in the first step, it should really be patients who are not candidates for other clinically approved approaches, like allotransplantation from human donors, or mechanical assist, that can be durable, and those are the characteristics that the patient met. And I think, the next patients that will come now, hopefully, will probably be in the same category. Dr. Josef Stehlik: Now, I believe, and again, this is a little bit of a speculation, that the next step will be patients who are not eligible for transplant, but who may be eligible for durable ventricular assist devices. And our goal will be to show, that survival and quality of life after xenotransplantation can approach survival and quality of life, on LVADs. And of course, LVADs are evolving, as well. Dr. Josef Stehlik: And then, to some degree, it might be the choice of the recommendation of the team, of the multidisciplinary team. What is the best match for the patient? And to some degree, I think patient preference, to really share decision making in patient preference. Dr. Josef Stehlik: And in the next step, I believe, that's what we are hoping for, that at some point, we will achieve is that, xenotransplant will rival the outcomes of human allotransplantation. And so, that will be probably, the next group of patients. How long this will take is to be seen. But I think, that it addresses your question, who could be the candidates for xenotransplant in the future? Dr. Greg Hundley: Very good. And Jane, Josef was touching on a topic here. How do the anti-rejection treatments differ in xenotransplantation, as compared to allograft transplantation? Dr. Maryjane Farr: And so, that's been the thing for all these decades. And so, the first thing is, genetically engineered xenotransplant organs, that can mitigate some of the anticipated xenoantigenic responses. Dr. Maryjane Farr: So first, these carbohydrates that we do not see, so they are foreign to us, so there can be acute fulminant rejection. So that's, one step, and the gene knockout can take care of that mostly, but not completely. And then there's humeral rejection, and then, cellular rejection. Dr. Maryjane Farr: The cocktail that gets put together for a xenotransplant includes, some of the things that we standardly use, like steroids, ATGAM, or antithymocyte globulin, which is a generalized T and B-cell depleting therapy. What's nuanced, and there's also some role for anti-CD20 B-cell therapy, but what it is nuanced in xenotransplant is anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody therapy. And that was specifically developed, and then studied in heterotopics, or non-human primate pig transplant. Because what turns out is that, the robust T-cell responses, by what's called the indirect pathway, really requires significant costimulatory blockade, where anti-CD40 therapy has been critically important, and well studied by these scientists and others at the University of Maryland, and elsewhere. Dr. Maryjane Farr: And as I understand it, anti-CD40 was really, is the basis, the backbone, of this therapy. And then there's one last thing. And that is, temsirolimus, which is a pro drug of proliferation signal inhibitor therapy, that we standardly use in transplant. That's utilized to arrest the further growth of the xenotransplant. So that sounds like it's the cocktail, and there's some published reports, on these scientists using just such cocktail in their non-human primate transplant models. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well, listeners, we've heard a really interesting story here. But now, let's ask these experts, first, Josef, and then, Jane. Josef, moving forward, what are the concerns that you really see in this aspect of research? Dr. Josef Stehlik: Greg, I think, one of the issues that will have to be addressed, are ethical considerations. And we've seen, that after the news of xenotransplant was made public, there has been a lot of discussion among public about ethics of xenotransplant. I think it will be important to really proactively address that. Dr. Josef Stehlik: One aspect from the past is, we knew that primate xenotransplant have not been embraced by the public, just because of the closeness of primates to humans. I think, some of that will be mitigated, now that we are using pigs. But of course, there are many who feel strongly about humane treatment of animals. And so I think, regulation will need to be established that will address that, and that will make both the professionals and the wary public, comfortable with this approach. Dr. Josef Stehlik: And another thing that will need to be addressed, and Jane talked about it a little bit is, what parts of care for xenotransplant will be different from human allotransplant. Right? So how do the assessment of the biopsies differ? Right? We'll probably have a new grading scheme looking at xenotransplant. Should the antimicrobial prophylaxis be different? So we do prevent the possibility of trans-species infections we haven't seen before, et cetera. So there would be a lot of work for the transplant teams to do, as well. Dr. Greg Hundley: And, Jane. Dr. Maryjane Farr: Yes. One thing that's hard, this is amazing science, and this is a huge opportunity to transplant more patients, many of whom die on the wait list every year. But what really needs to be understood also, as we move into this area, and this is where us, as clinicians, get involved in some of these conversations in particular, is that this patient actually wasn't eligible for transplant. And these are very, very difficult decisions that centers are tasked to make. Dr. Maryjane Farr: It can get really tricky, and there's lots of patients who say, "Okay, I'm not a transplant candidate.", because of this or that, or the other reason. And there's, some reasons that are more important than others. They'll say, "Transplant me anyway. Give me a heart that you might turn down. Just give me a chance." And we don't do that. And insurance companies don't pay for that. And we have to actually find a way to be rational in our approach. Dr. Maryjane Farr: But truly, acknowledging that, if we had more resources, we could probably expand transplant even with the organs that we do have, because we turn down about, probably about 40% of organs, and maybe even more, every year, because we want to match the best organs. So it's really important that xenotransplant, in centers that can do this, demonstrate that this therapy works, and it provides a good quality and quantity of life, for at least, to be reasonable. And once you get there, then you can start to talk about, whether you need to think about allocation, and all that. So you can see how the conversation's going to go on for the next 10 years, about how this fits in. Dr. Greg Hundley: You both alluded to the fact, we need more research. And so, incrementally, for maybe each of you in 30 seconds. What do you see as the next research study that needs to be performed in this space? First, Josef, and then again, Jane. Dr. Josef Stehlik: That's a tough question, but I'll try to address it. I think, it will be a little bit in parallel to the first human allotransplant. Now that we've figured out the procedure and the organ that we can use, I think, it will be research focused on the care of the transplant recipient. And the task, number one, will be to identify immunosuppression that will be safe and effective, to protect this heart from dysfunction for many years after transplant. Dr. Greg Hundley: And Jane? Dr. Maryjane Farr: Yeah. You need to do a case series. The handful of centers in this country, and maybe the world, but I only know about this country, that have been studying and working towards this day, should take the lead. University of Maryland has taken the lead, and there are other centers who have been thinking hard about this, and preparing for this time for a long time, and they should lead the way, and try to do this with all the expertise that they've already built. And then as time passes, we can see what their outcomes are, and then we can start to think about, should there be a randomized controlled clinical trial? What should we compare it against? Who should be offered the opportunity? But at first, we need to find that there's safety and efficacy in the patients that are selected, and also, they themselves select, to go through this operation and therapy. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well listeners, we want to thank Dr. Jane Farr and Dr. Josef Stehlik, for providing their perspective on a recent procedure, involving the xenotransplantation of a genetically engineered porcine heart, into a human subject with advanced biventricular heart failure, that was not well suited for human heart allograft transplantation. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well, on behalf of Carolyn and myself, we want to wish you a great week, and we will catch you next week On the Run. Dr. Greg Hundley: This program is copyright of the American Heart Association, 2022. The opinions expressed by speakers in this podcast are their own, and not necessarily, those of the editors, or of the American Heart Association. For more, please visit ahajournals.org.

We talk with Dr. Adithya Sridhar, a senior scientist in the Wolthers and Pajkrt labs at Amsterdam University Medical Center, who uses gut, airway and brain organoids to study picornaviruses.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

On this edition of Straight Talk Africa, host Haydé Adams and guests discuss whether false reports online are hurting Africa's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Our guests include Michelle Quinn, VOA Silicon Valley bureau chief, Dr. Joachim Kikomeko from Amsterdam University Medical Center, Grace Gichuhi, researcher at Africa Check, Temi Ibirogba, program and research associate for the Center for International Policy's Africa Program and Odanga Madung, a data journalist.

Season five of our podcast continues with another presentation from our 2020 annual conference: ‘Engaged Phenomenology' Online. This episode features Juan Toro, Center for Subjectivity Research, University of Copenhagen. Toro's co-authors are Erik Rietveld, Amsterdam University Medical Center; Department of Philosophy, University of Twente, Enschede; Institute for Logic, Language and Computation, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam; and Julian Kiverstein, Amsterdam Brain and Cognition; Amsterdam University Medical Center.   ABSTRACT: In the last 50 years, discussions of how to understand disability have been dominated by the medical and social models. According to the medical model, disability can be understood in terms of functional limitations of a disabled person's body caused by a pathological condition, to be treated and cured through rehabilitation or normalization. In contrast, the social model claims that disability is not an individual physical condition, but is rather the outcome of oppressive conditions imposed by society on physically impaired people. Paradoxically, both models overlook the disabled person's experience of the lived body, thus reducing the body of the disabled person to a physiological body. Based on a co-authored paper (by Juan Toro, Julian Kiverstein, and Erik Rietveld [‘The Ecological-Enactive Model of Disability: Why Disability Does Not Entail Pathological Embodiment']) I introduce the Ecological-Enactive (EE) model of disability. The EE-model combines ideas from phenomenology, enactive cognitive science and ecological psychology with the aim of doing justice simultaneously to the lived experience of being disabled, and the physiological dimensions of disability. More specifically, we put the EE model to work to disentangle the concepts of disability and pathology. From an ecological-enactive perspective, we locate the difference between pathological and normal forms of embodiment in the person's capacity to adapt to changes in the environment by establishing and following new norms. From a phenomenological perspective, we distinguish normal and pathological embodiment of disabled people in terms of the structure of the experience of I-can and I cannot. The I-cannot experienced by the non-pathologically disabled person can be understood as a local I-cannot, with a background of I-can: I-can do it in a different way, I-can ask for help, etc. This contrasts with the experience of I-cannot of the pathologically embodied person, which deeply pervades their being-in-the-world. To ensure that the discussion remains in contact with lived experience, we draw upon phenomenological interviews we have carried out with people with Cerebral Palsy. BIOS:    Juan Toro: I'm a PhD student at the Center for Subjectivity Research, University of Copenhagen, and a researcher at the Enactlab – an interdisciplinary team of researchers, artists, journalists and practitioners working on solutions for complex problems faced by minorities in society. In my research, I combine an empirical approach to physical disabilities – focusing on cerebral palsy – with insights from phenomenology, 4E cognition and ecological psychology.   Prof. dr. Erik Rietveld is Socrates Professor, Senior Researcher at the University of Amsterdam (AMC/Department of Philosophy/ILLC/Brain & Cognition) and a Founding Partner of RAAAF [Rietveld Architecture-Art-Affordances]. In 2013 his research project on skilled action titled “The Landscape of Affordances: Situating the Embodied Mind” was awarded with a NWO VIDI-grant for the development of his research group on skilled intentionality & situated expertise. Recently he received an ERC Starting Grant for a new philosophical project titled “Skilled Intentionality for ‘Higher' Embodied Cognition: Joining Forces with a Field of Affordances in Flux”. His work as a Socrates Professor at the University of Twente focuses on humane technology: the philosophy of making and societal embedding of technology in the humanist tradition.   Julian Kiverstein is Assistant Professor of Neurophilosophy at the University of Amsterdam. He is currently writing a monograph for Palgrave Macmillan entitled The Significance of Phenomenology. He edited a comprehensive handbook for Routledge Taylor Francis on the philosophy of the social mind. He is associate editor of Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences and was until recently Book Review Editor for the Journal of Consciousness Studies. Before his appointment at Amsterdam in 2011, Kiverstein was teaching fellow at Edinburgh University, where he played a lead role in developing and designing the Mind, Language and Embodied Cognition Masters Programme, of which he also became director.   This recording is taken from the BSP Annual Conference 2020 Online: 'Engaged Phenomenology'. Organised with the University of Exeter and sponsored by Egenis and the Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health. BSP2020AC was held online this year due to global concerns about the Coronavirus pandemic. For the conference our speakers recorded videos, our keynotes presented live over Zoom, and we also recorded some interviews online as well. Podcast episodes from BSP2020AC are soundtracks of those videos where we and the presenters feel the audio works as a standalone: https://www.britishphenomenology.org.uk/bsp-annual-conference-2020/   You can check out our forthcoming events here: https://www.britishphenomenology.org.uk/events/   The British Society for Phenomenology is a not-for-profit organisation set up with the intention of promoting research and awareness in the field of Phenomenology and other cognate arms of philosophical thought. Currently, the society accomplishes these aims through its journal, events, and podcast. Why not find out more, join the society, and subscribe to our journal the JBSP? https://www.britishphenomenology.org.uk/  

Sandra Kooij, associate professor of psychiatry at Amsterdam University Medical Center, speaks about the symptoms and treatments of ADHD in older adults and how clinicians distinguish the manifestations of the disorder from the signs of dementia.

James is joined by Dr. Paul-Peter Tak, Venture Partner at Flagship Pioneering and CEO of Kintai Therapeutics. Over a more than 25-year career in the life sciences, Paul-Peter has created and led multiple companies. From 2011 until 2017, Paul-Peter founded and served as senior vice president and head of the immuno-inflammation therapy area unit at GSK. Under Paul-Peter's leadership, this unit brought more than 10 new mechanisms of action into the clinic. From 2016 until 2018, Paul-Peter was senior vice president of R&D pipeline, chief immunology officer, development leader, and co-chair of GSK's scientific review board. He oversaw the creation of a new portfolio of medicines in oncology, with a focus on immuno-oncology, epigenetics, and cell and gene therapy. Trained as a general internist, rheumatologist, and immunologist, Paul-Peter has held multiple professorships and has published extensively, with more than 550 papers in his name. He served as professor of medicine and chair of the department of clinical immunology and rheumatology at the Academic Medical Centre/University of Amsterdam for twelve years. He is a professor of medicine at the Amsterdam University Medical Center, honorary professor of rheumatology at Ghent University, and honorary senior visiting fellow at the University of Cambridge. He is a fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in the U.K. Paul-Peter received his medical degree cum laude from the Free University in Amsterdam and his Ph.D. from Leiden University Medical Center. https://www.flagshippioneering.com/ For more information and content, check out our website www.hs.ventures. You can follow us on Twitter @HSVenture, on Instagram @hs.ventures, on Linkedin at HS. and you can email us at info@hs.live You can get our host, Dr. James Somauroo, at www.jamessomauroo.com and you can follow him on Twitter @jamessomauroo, on Instagram @j_soms and on Linkedin at james-somauroo

It's time for another mental health check.  This is Judy Gaman and this is your Stay Young Medical Minute.  Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses in the country.  New research from Amsterdam University Medical Center in the Netherlands found that people who struggle with major depressive disorder are biologically older than those without it.  The study consisted of eight hundred and eleven people with depression and three hundred and nineteen without.  Blood samples were taken to check their DNA.  According to the samples, participants with major depressive disorder were around eight months older than those without.  Scientists also found that childhood trauma or abuse accelerated the aging process even more.  Talk to your doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of depression.  This Stay Young Medical Minute is brought to you by Executive Medicine of Texas, a leader in preventative and proactive medicine. Learn why patients from around the globe trust Executive Medicine of Texas to their health. Visit EMTexas.com that's EMTexas.com. Read more! Thank you for listening to the Stay Young Medical Minute! With all the mixed messages on health, you need information that you can use and that you can trust. Listen in as the experts discuss all topics health related. It's time to STAY YOUNG and stay healthy! Each week we tackle a topic and often with leading scientists, best-selling authors, and even your favorite celebrities! As a listener of our show, your input is important to us. Please take a moment to fill out this quick survey so we can serve you better - Survey For more information on The Staying Young Show, please visit our website, and subscribe to the show in iTunes, Stitcher, or your favorite podcast app. You can also reach out to our host, Judy Gaman on www.judygaman.com for book purchasing, and speaking opportunities in your area!