Podcasts about eastern woodlands

700 BCE - 1497 CE - Long before European contact, North America was home to vibrant civilisations. From the Ancestral Puebloans, Hohokam, and Mogollon in the Southwest to the Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippian cultures of the Eastern Woodlands, these societies thrived. In the Arctic, the Dorset and Thule peoples adapted to the harsh northern climate, leaving behind remarkable legacies.

Episode 35 – The Republic and Relations With The Tribes Before I get started, I want to introduce y'all to a set of books called ‘the Music is Murder saga'. These novels by Heather O'Brien, follow the lives and loves of the O'Conners, the Grants, and the Lockhardts. Something—or someone—ties these three families together and you'll be caught up in the drama of their situations. The books are set in the world of Rock ‘n' roll and you'll be hooked from page one. The 1st book you'll want is Lockhardt Sound, and as someone who has worked in the music industry, let me tell you, the story could and does happen. Check out her site, booksbyheather.com, you won't be disappointed. As her site says, long live rock ‘n' roll. When I wrapped up the last episode, I had begun talking about how Republic President Sam Houston had wanted to establish better relationships with the Indians of Texas. Today I'm going to dive deeper into that whole concept and try to get a better understanding of the relationship between the Anglos and the Native tribes. It was very messy, and it became very bloody. Again, I have to bring up the thought, that based on the morality of today, what happened back then is today considered genocide. I'm not going to try and justify what took place. It doesn't do any good to get angry over the actions that took place, it might serve as a warning of what can, and in many places, still does happen to others. Before I go into the relationships in 1836 and beyond, I want to go back over some of the history of the native people prior to this time. Remember, how in early episodes I talked about how when the Spanish arrived in Texas there were multiple groups or tribes of indigenous people in all parts of Texas. Now I'm not going to go back 10,000 years ago and talk about the Clovis people, there are several excellent books out there that discuss the people and how they evolved, and it does make for fascinating reading. I want to start with those who were here when the first Spanish explorers bumped into Texas. November 6, 1528, is the day when the lives of the native peoples of what is now Texas began to change, and not for the better. That was the day when the Karankawas met Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca and the remnants of his crew on Galveston Island. At that time, the Karankawas were one of many tribes or bands of native people who lived in Texas. The Karankawas were a hunter gatherer group who lived mostly on the Texas coast. They were hunter-gatherers, and they necessarily lived a somewhat nomadic life because they had to travel to find food. There were approximately 5 bands that are historically associated with them, one such group were the Cocos who lived the furthest east between Galveston Island and the Colorado River. They were the group that de Vaca's band of survivors lived with. And that proved to be a disaster for the Cocos, because Cholera hit and killed nearly half of their band. These groups were the first to encounter the Spanish and the first to suffer from those encounters. The native people's simply were not equipped to handle the germs and diseases that the Europeans brought with them. Another group that suffered from their encounter with the Europeans where the Caddos.  Around 1500, the Caddos had already built a complex political system that consisted of alliances between different bands and tribes. In addition to their lands in Texas, they  were also located in the Great Plains, Eastern Woodlands, and present-day Arizona and New Mexico. They had built extensive trading networks where they exported salt, pottery, and wood for making bows, and they imported seashells, copper, and flint. It was natural that once the French and Spanish merchants arrived in Texas and the surrounding areas, that the Caddo's would trade with them as well and that began their downfall. As with the Karankawas the Europeans brought new diseases that had devastated the people.

In this episode the team welcomes a roundtable panel to discuss the 2022 scientific paper The Hopewell airburst event 1699-1567 years ago (252-383 CE). This controversial paper has since been refuted by our panel members. In this interview the panel will present all of the information surrounding the 2022 paper and present their evidence for refuting the claim that the Hopewell culture was greatly affected or even destroyed by a cosmic event. Our panel consists of lead author Dr. Kevin Nolan. Dr. Nolan is the Director and Senior Archaeologist in the Applied Anthropology Laboratories (AAL), an institute within the College of Sciences and Humanities at Ball State University. His research specializations include: Prehistoric Archaeology, CRM, GIS, Ohio River Valley, Paleoenvironments, Soil geochemistry, and Geophysics. Next, we welcome Dr. Tony Krus. Dr. Krus is an Assistant Professor at the University of South Dakota in the Department of Anthropology and Sociology. His current research focuses on chronological modeling, human-environmental relationships, and archaeological fieldwork of late-Holocene communities, primarily in the Eastern Woodlands and the Plains. We also welcome, Dr. Tim McCoy: Dr. McCoy is a Curator of Meteorites at the Smithsonian Institution. His work primarily focuses on using meteorites to understand the differentiation of asteroids in the early Solar System and he has worked on 6 robotic spacecraft missions. Relative to this project, he has studied artifacts made from iron meteorites, including Hopewell beads from Havana, IL. Finally, we round out the panel with Dr. Laura Murphy is an Associate Professor of Anthropology at Washburn University in Topeka, Kansas, where she teaches many archaeology courses, including the popular "Archaeological Myths, Frauds, and Controversies" course. She is a geoarchaeologist specializing in paleoenvironmental reconstruction using soils. Dr. Murphy holds her Bachelor's degree from The Ohio State University, and her MA and PhD from the University of Kansas. She is also a former National Park Ranger who worked at Hopewell Culture National Historical Park in Chillicothe, Ohio. X (Formerly Twitter)  Instagram  Facebook  Seven Ages Official Site  Patreon  YouTube  News and Guest Links:  The Hopewell airburst event, 1699-1567 years ago  Refuting the sensational claim of a Hopewell-ending cosmic airburst 

Join us as we discuss the Hagen Site, a National Historic Landmark located on a bluff above the Yellowstone River north of Glendive, Montana. This archaeological site is significant because it documents the establishment of a permanent village by a people in transition from the Eastern Woodlands to a Plains bison culture. We dive into the Museum of the Rockies collections to view artifacts from the Hagen Site including pottery, lithic material, bone tools and fish bones.

In this episode of HUNTR Podcast, we bring on our friends Eric Reger & Angelo Testa of Eastern Woodlands to talk about our roots as outdoorsman. Everyone starts somewhere, whether it be small game hunting, trapping, or the early days of chasing whitetails. Eric and Angelo do a little bit of everything when it comes to being outdoorsman. Going back to the history of archery, they have found many ancient artifacts such as old arrowheads, fossils, and even human remains ranging back to 1500 years ago. While chasing whitetail deer is their passion, they also show a lot of interest in trapping for animals such as fox, coyotes, and more. Overall, just being in nature and practicing conservation is what keeps them going. Sit back, relax, and enjoy this episode as the guys catch up and talk all things outdoors. Check out Eastern Woodlands here: https://www.instagram.com/eastern_woodlands/ New episodes of HUNTR Podcast drop every Tuesday 6PM EST SUBSCRIBE TO THE CHANNEL HERE: https://www.youtube.com/c/HUNTRTUBE HUNTR Podcast is presented by: DeerGro: https://www.deergro.com Hoyt Archery: https://hoyt.com Muddy: https://www.gomuddy.com StealthCam: http://stealthcam.com

Wayne Lee, Bruce W. Carney Distinguished Professor of History at UNC and author of The Cutting-Off Way: Indigenous Warfare in Eastern North America, 1500-1800, joins the show to talk about war in the ‘Eastern Woodlands', both before and after European contact. ▪️ Times      •    01:48 Introduction      •    02:50 Coincidences     •    07:19 “Woods and rivers, deer and rabbits, corn and beans”     •    12:51 Unused land     •   19:29 Sacred spaces     •    21:56 Strategic objectives     •    28:35 Why not occupy?      •    32:50 Logistics     •   41:57 The role of the prisoner      •    49:10 Something like the truth      •    54:34 Offense and defense Follow along on Instagram

GOD ProvidesJESUS SavesGoodShepherdTraining.com https://www.patreon.com/GoodShepherdTraining

Shante is a Black & Indigenous psilocybin advocate and educator. She has a background in Eastern Woodlands edible and medicinal plants as well as entheogenic plants and fungi. She combines the two studies to explore the synergistic relationships and effects of herbal medicine. Shante also serves as a DEI consultant who specializes in integrating considerations for BIPOC and working class into entheogenic medicine and psychedelic healing.   In This Episode: Shante shares her origins story from being a professional track and field athlete to being an educator and now a psilocybin advocate. Shante speaks about her Abenaki and Creole ancestry and how finding out about her indigenous roots helped her connect deeper to herself and the land.  How her curiosity for nature, plants, and the world around her has led to her becoming an herbalist. How her connection to plants and deep personal shadow work, led her to explore psilocybin and entheogenic mushrooms. Shante's personal entheogenic practice and how she creates a safe container for her personal journey. How BIPOC and other marginalized groups exist within the entheogenic space, and how to make this form of healing accessible.   The stigma and stereotype within BIPOC communities have led the industry to use entheogens versus psychedelics.  How the conversations around entheogen that celebrities are having with the public influence mainstream opinion, inclusivity, and access.  Do mushrooms have an affiliation with a lineage?  How you can begin your healing journey by microdosing. Full Show Notes: Shante Little Instagram Recommended Reading for Plant Medicine & Entheogens Psilocybin Gardens, free grow guide Intentional Microdosing: a processing + integration workbook Upcoming Event: Microdosing Summit September 2022 Laura Chung Instagram Brittany Simone Anderson Instagram The Werk Podcast Instagram The Werk Podcast Website YouTube Channel Connect with The Werk:   If you enjoyed the podcast and you feel called, please share it, and tag us! Join our book club where we can learn in the community!! Visit us at https://www.thewerkpodcast.com/bookclub for details. Subscribe, rate, and review the show wherever you get your podcasts. Your rating and review help more people discover it! Follow on Instagram @thewerkpodcast Let us know your favorite guests, lessons, or any topic requests.

We're continuing our set of episodes for Women's History Month. Today, Misti describes a spring day in the life of women of the Eastern Woodlands. Seasonal and year-round activities each have their own place in the day and the visitor to a village can observe the rhythms of life.

Many in the NRS community are fans of the Hill People Gear brand packs, kit bags, and more.  In this podcast, Craig interviews Casey Gorsett, brand ambassador, and Kevin McDowell, director of marketing for HPG.  We specifically wanted these guys on to discuss big game hunting in the Rocky Mountains and they did that very well.  Casey is a well-experienced hunter and Kevin is new to hunting so this offered a wonderful opportunity to get their perspectives on the ins and outs of hunting out there which is very different than what we experience in the Eastern Woodlands.  We talk about the terrain, weather, gear, and packing those big critters out.  We certainly did not ignore our common use of HPG gear and how that benefits them in this type of hunting and backcountry travel. Hill People Gear Hill People Gear Forum =====Let us know what you think by sending us a message:  podcast@naturereliance.org  =====Follow us at www.naturereliance.org =====Support:Shop our affiliation companies by obtaining discount codes here Subscribe to our newsletter for Giveaways, HUGE discounts, and newsletter-only content here:  https://bit.ly/3t8rupO Check Out Our Gear For Sale =====

Adam Haritan is the creator of Learn Your Land, a resource that helps people understand and connect with the place that they live. He teaches both online and in-person courses on subjects such as mushroom foraging, and plant identification. His educational videos are an excellent source of information for anyone wanting to learn more about the plants and fungi that inhabit the Eastern Woodlands of North America. In our conversation we touched on stinging nettle, hunting, nature connection and answered the important question "why did you cut your hair?"  LearnYouLand.com

Uncut, extra long: this episode covers the spread of humankind through the lens of culture, going from Altera's centres of origin to transoceanic contact. We use the Confluences of Human Culture adornment piece on the Chorographical Depictions world map as a talking piece, ranging from the overstated "cradles of civilization" to more understudied areas of independent crop domestication in the far corners of the world. Other topics covered: the Norse discovery of Vinland, the sweet potato theory of trans-Pacific contact, and other pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories, as well as the connection of pirogues and caravels, the Bantu ironworking tradition, Austronesian expansion across two oceans, domestications of the Sahel, the Eastern Woodlands agricultural complex, Australian bush tucker and potential food domestications, the Ainu as oceangoing sailors, Papua as a cradle of civilization, and deltas and river bifurcation! Tired of learning geography and history in an uninspired world? Atlas Altera is a creative exercise that repaints the world while going hardcore on real geography, anthropology, linguistics, and history. For more content, visit www.atlasaltera.com or watch the video on YouTube.

In this episode of Propaganda By The Seed we talk with Alivia Moore and Kessi Kimbal about their work with the Eastern Woodlands Rematriation Collective. The collective works across several tribal communities to support food / medicine sovereignty and to facilitate land access and the return of #landback to Indigenous people. We are really impressed with the work these folks are doing and hope to continue the conversation in future episodes. You can support the work of Eastern Woodlands Rematriation Collective at https://whyhunger.org/ewrematriation/ If you have access to land to share, or return, please contact Alivia at Livmoore16@gmail.com Episode image copied from https://native-land.ca, check out their interactive map of Indigenous territories, languages and treaties.

In which the intricate bead culture of the Eastern Woodlands tribes confuses new British and Dutch arrivals, and Ken refuses to let Thomas Jefferson make him be a farmer. Certificate #31448.

The Materialists are…. Becky O'Sullivan (Public Archaeology Coordinator, FPAN West Central Region) Nigel Rudolph (Public Archaeology Coordinator, FPAN Central Region) For more info on FPAN please visit http://fpan.us/ We would like to thank…. The Florida Public Archaeology Network, The University of South Florida - Department of Anthropology, and The Crystal River Preserve and Archaeological State Park. For more info on USF Anthro Department please visit their website at https://www.usf.edu/arts-sciences/departments/anthropology/ For More info about the Crystal River Archaeological State Park please visit their website at https://www.floridastateparks.org/parks-and-trails/crystal-river-archaeological-state-park Thank you to the band Have Gun, Will Travel for the use of their song Silver and the Age of Opulence for our intro music. For more information on HGWT please visit their website at http://hgwtmusic.com/ For questions or concerns about the podcast please email us at the materialistspodcast@gmail.com Episode 13: The Things They Carried First things first…Huge thank you to our mom's…Rosa Rudolph and Jean O'Sullivan. Wonderful stories and can't thank you enough. Happy Mother's Day!  All the papers we looked at for this episode…in no particular order…. Johns River Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers: Florida's Connection to Cahokia (2020), Keith Ashley & Robert L. Thunen, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory. The History and Future of Migrationist Explanations in the Archaeology of the Eastern Woodlands with a Synthetic Model of Woodland Period Migrations on the Gulf Coast (2020), Thomas J. Pluckhahn, Neill J. Wallis & Victor D. Thompson, Journal of Archaeological Research The Alachua Tradition of North Central Florida Revisited (2019), Matthew Lyons (Masters thesis) All the links and info for Dr. Jason De León (Professor of Archaeology and Anthropology UCLA) https://www.jasonpatrickdeleon.com/ https://www.undocumentedmigrationproject.org/ https://www.instagram.com/undocumentedmigrationproject/?igshid=eo587ck2hjhl Videos and other media we used: “Understanding Migrants Through The Things They Carried” NPR's Tell Me More, July 5, 2013. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=199057094 “Simulation | AAA #286 Dr. Jason De León - Contemporary Archaeology” Feb 20, 2019 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRtEGZ0HNN0 “The objects immigrants hold dear: This photo series explores the emotional weight of the items immigrants carry with them to America” https://theweek.com/captured/744097/objects-immigrants-hold-dear Simon & Garfunkel. America. Bookends. Columbia Records, 1968. Song purchased on Google Play Music.  

Episode #35 of the Ground Shots Podcast features a conversation with Zach Elfers, an ethnobotanist who lives in eastern Pennsylvania near the Susquehanna River. Zach runs the Nomad Seed Project. From Zach's website: The Nomad Seed Project sets out to research, document, experiment, and propagate wild, native, and perennial plants which have exceptional value to humans and their ecology as food, medicine, shelter, materials, and beauty. Imagining the world of nomadic gatherer-hunters invokes to mind a patchwork landscape with oases of human habitat along pathways of migration unfolding with the pattern of the seasons, plants, or animals. For thousands of years, humans lived in this manner. Along the way, they gathered useful plants and intentionally spread the seeds as a form of populations management. Ecology has been a co-creation alongside humankind for a long time. Humans often acted as the legs of important plants, expanding them both in their range and abundance. It was humans who brought the pawpaw (Asimina triloba) out of the subtropics  after the last ice age and spread it around the eastern temperate forests, and it was humans also who spread the sunroot or Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) throughout the continent. Nomad Seed Project is interested in ideas of assisted migration, especially in response to climate change, and as a way to protect and conserve species in the face of a rapidly changing world. The Nomad Seed Project is a re-envisioning of this old paradigm. By gathering and planting the seeds of native, wild, perennial plants that are important to us, we as humans have the power to impact the ecosystems we are a part of in positive and healthy ways, while also meeting our own requirements for food, shelter, medicine, and materials. Neither agriculture, gardening, nor preservationism, but something in between. It may be a long time however before we can fully sustain our lives again from the wild plants growing in nature's garden. While prior to colonialism the presence and abundance of plant foods and medicines was much greater, our ecosystems today have been degraded, fractured, or destroyed in the wake of farming, ranching, mining, urban development, suburban sprawl, and the highway system. Now it is more important than ever that we act again as the legs to the plants that we love, helping them gain new ground, ahead of mass extinction and climate change. The Nomad Seed Project describes work that could also be called do-it-yourself ecological restoration, at the hands of citizen scientists acting according to their own conscience. By working with these native plants, with the same stroke we expand our own habitat. There is a lot of work to do, but it all starts with the power of a seed… In this conversation with Zach, we talk about: some natural/ethnobotanical history of the Susquehanna River watershed in Pennsylvania where Zach lives Zach's project 'Nomad Seed' which focuses on his experimental field research with native first food plants Zach's experience learning plants while traveling and being out on the land and how this helped deepen his understanding of his 'home' ecosystem specific 'wild foods' / first foods plants Zach tends and his methods for doing so like Spring Beauty, Dwarf Ginseng, Toothwort, American Groundnut, Harbinger of Spring, Eastern Camas, Chestnuts, Hickories, Chinkapins how fire-stick farming may have been a wild-tending practice in the southeast the importance of John Hershey's farm in Pennsylvania for preserving native fruit and nut species that were possibly selected at one point by indigenous peoples and Zach's research on how he thinks this happened the importance of prioritizing the preservation and propagation of bioregional foods Zach's experiments with and research on controlled 'burn' gardens on the east coast different ways one can define 'agriculture' ethnical foraging expanded: learning the plants entire life cycle and encouraging them to become more abundant by working with the plants all year choosing love over fear in a time of collapse   Links: Zach's website (read his amazing plant profiles!) : The Nomad Seed Project Zach on Facebook Zach's instagram @woodlandrambler Zach's Patreon page for The Nomad Seed Project Blog page for this episode: www.ofsedgeandsalt.com/ground-shots-podcast/zachelfers Support the podcast on Patreon to contribute to our grassroots self-funding of this project.  Support the Ground Shots Project with a one time donation via Paypal at: paypal.me/petitfawn    Our website with backlog of episodes, plant profiles, travelogue and more: http://www.ofsedgeandsalt.com  Our Instagram page @goldenberries Join the Ground Shots Podcast Facebook Group to discuss the episodes Subscribe to our newsletter for updates on the Ground Shots Project Theme music: 'Sweat and Splinters' by Mother Marrow Interstitial Music: ‘Cold Horn' by Inger S Hosted by: Kelly Moody Produced by: Kelly Moody and Opia Creative

Madi Stump, a BGSU student and winner of the ICS Student Research Award, and Chris Gajewicz, Natural Resources Coordinator for the City of Bowling Green, discuss environmental stewardship, human's relationship to nature, and restoration in local parks.   Transcript: Intro: From Bowling Green State University and the Institute for the Study of Culture and Society. This is BG Ideas. Intro Music: I'm going to show you this with a wonderful experiment. Jolie Sheffer: Welcome to the Big Ideas podcast, a collaboration between the Institute for the Study of Culture and Society and the school of media and communication at Bowling Green State University. I'm Jolie Sheffer, associate professor of English and American culture studies and the director of ICS. Today, I'm joined by two guests, Madi Stump and Chris Gajewicz. Madi's an undergraduate environmental policy and analysis major who's currently working on a research project entitle, "Listening and Learning: Lessons from the Land." She's the first winner of the ICS Student Research Award. Chris is the natural resources coordinator for the city of Bowling Green and instructor at Bowling Green State University and a BGSU alum. Welcome, Madi and Chris. Chris Gajewicz: Hi. Jolie Sheffer: Thanks for being with me. How did each of you get interested in thinking about different ideas of environmental stewardship? Madi Stump: I've always cared really deeply about the environment. Growing up, I spent a lot of time in my backyard or in my front yard or my neighbor's front yard pretending to make pizzas out of dirt and grass and just really spending more time outside than I did inside. I remember being called in for dinner and being called in to do homework rather than being told to get out and enjoy being outside. That deep love and that deep connection to being outside that I experienced throughout my childhood made me really invested in protecting the environment, but when I first came to BGSU, I was actually a music performance student. So I didn't study the environment initially in college, but after my first year, decided that music was not the path for me and really rekindled that relationship with nature and that deep sense of connection and belonging that I felt in nature and have this strong desire to protect places that other people could have that similar experience of belonging and inclusion in the natural world. That's how I found environmental policy and I'm looking to continue this work in my future. Jolie Sheffer: What about for you, Chris. Chris Gajewicz: It started a long time ago when I was a little, little kid and I spent a lot of time outside, very similar to Madi. I was outside a lot and the only rule was is that when my mom rang the bell, it was time to come in and it was a big farm bell and she would ring the bell and no matter where you were, you needed to stop what you were doing. It was really hard for me because I loved going out into the woods and building forts and digging trenches and making caves and lighting things on fire and just being like a typical kid and spending my time just being out around nature. I just enjoyed it so much and I didn't even know why. It wasn't a conscious kind of a thing. It was there. We had a huge woods behind our house that was about a mile square and that was my playground as I was a kid growing up. So I was able to kind of run around out there. Chris Gajewicz: My parents never worried about where I was, what I was doing when I was coming home. I just knew that when the bell rang, I needed to stop what I was doing and make my way back. But there was never a concern about my wellbeing or any of that when I was growing up being outside. So that sort of turned itself into going from, I guess a vocation or an advocation to a vocation and turning it into something more. By the time I was headed off to college, I realized that I wanted to be a teacher in the environment and I felt that that was a really important way to share knowledge. There was a professor I had when I was at Hocking College and she was very good at kind of laying it down. She taught us how to be an educator in the environment. Chris Gajewicz: But she said, "It doesn't really matter how much you know and how much you have inside your head. If it never comes back out of your head to other people, then it's basically dead knowledge. Once it's dead knowledge, other people have to start from scratch." I learned at that moment, that being a teacher, taking that information and being able to tell the story about that information was a really good way to hook somebody in the environment. Hopefully, over the past 30 or so years of being involved in the environment from when I was a teenager myself and now, I've had the opportunity to really help other people kind of grab onto a reason to be in the outdoors. Jolie Sheffer: What does it mean to you to have a relationship with land and with nature? Why is that important to you, Madi? Madi Stump: I think in general, having a relationship with land, with nature, with the more than human or non-human world means caring about it. I think that's the fundamental level is having a deep sense of care and love for what is not human. That relationship can look very different to a lot of people, but the commonality is that there's some sense of care or spiritual or religious affiliation connection or even a recreation connection with the land. But that care of there is something that I get and then your relationship is a two way street, so humans get something from nature, but then we also give. Part of that relationship as reciprocity to me and that is what's really important about having a relationship with the land is when you have reciprocity with nature, you can give as it's giving you. That makes it so easy to protect and conserve and be mindful of how we're using what is around us. Jolie Sheffer: What about for you, Chris? Chris Gajewicz: For me, it's a sensory experience and I want that sensory experience to be gained by others as well. When I'm out in the forest environment or I'm out in a natural environment, I can't help but be in awe of where I am. But it's not just the sight of it, it's the feeling of it, the smell of it, how it envelops me when I get into the environment, get into the woods, get into the forest. I told someone recently that I spent a lot of my childhood immersing myself literally in the environment, and I would come home head to toe in mud and my mother would stop me at the door and that was it. She was like, "All right, take your clothes off and get in the house." And I'm like, "Well, but..." "No, just do it because you're a mess." But that's how I interacted with the environment is that I became part of the environment. Chris Gajewicz: So it was more for me, Madi used the word spiritual, and I think that's a really great way to describe it. For me, it's maybe a combination of that, a combination of me being a part of the environment and not separating myself from it. That's where all the sensory awareness comes into it for me. So I think it's kind of interesting. I'll be out with a group of people and I'll say, "Now, over on your left, you can see..." and I'm not even looking that direction, but I had been a moment ago, "... and there's a cooper's hawk and it's sitting in the tree," and they're like, "How did you see that?" I'm like, "Well, I don't know. I just did," and now, been able to make a job of it. So it's being aware of all of the things that are around you, smell that, touch this, see what this is. How does this make you feel? Are these leaves, do they smell good? Do they smell bad to you? Chris Gajewicz: I think that for a lot of people, nature is somewhat foreboding and they're frightened of it, especially if they've not experienced it, like maybe Madi and I have. They find themselves separating themselves to the more comforts of being inside a home as opposed to being in nature. There's nothing about nature that frightens me. I enjoy it very, very much. There are things in nature that can be a little bit scary, but for the most part, there's really nothing to be afraid of. Luckily, living in Northwest Ohio, we're in a great place to be because we don't have poisonous snakes, we don't have bears, we don't have things to really worry a whole lot about. So you can kind of put that on the back burner and really immerse yourself in the environment and not worry about being eaten by something. Jolie Sheffer: Madi, you've chosen to use oral history as a major feature of your research project. Can you explain how oral history is different from other forms of history or research and you felt it was important for this project? Madi Stump: Oral history is, in the most simplest terms, someone's story that is recorded. So it is recorded history told from the perspective of someone who has been in the situation or has had a really unique experience that's valuable to the historical record. It is a fairly recent field of history different than the traditional forms of historical scholarship that deal with written documentation and having a written record and that is what we use to study what's happened in the past. Oral history takes that a step further and gets the experience right from the source. So that is really important, in my eyes, for environmental history because there's two facets of environmental history that a piece of history environmental, and that is the human dimension, which a lot of people are surprised. Why is the human in environmental history? But the human dimension and the natural dimension, you can't separate them. We are integrally connected in every aspects of human life. There is nature. Madi Stump: So environmental history brings these two seemingly different perspectives or experiences together. In telling environmental history, there's certain forms of historical records that we can use. We can use pollen counts, we can use tree rings, we can use journals, but you can also use the experiences of people who have really intimate connections with the land. That's what this project aims to do through oral history, obtaining the stories of people who have deep ties with nature in their personal, professional lives and hearing not only how they have created those relationships, but what have they learned, what benefits have they received from having relationships to land that we can't really see in the historical record because a historical record doesn't show how the land speaks to us in our personal lives, in our professional lives and our experiences. Oral history is the way to obtain how nature is speaking to the humans and the humans are conveying that story in the oral history interviews. Jolie Sheffer: Madi's research is about listening and learning from the land. So Chris, what does that idea mean to you in your role as natural resources coordinator for the city of Bowling Green? Chris Gajewicz: I think it's absolutely impossible for humans to separate themselves from the environment. I think that over the many, many years of a particularly, I can only draw on my European American history background, but if you go to Europe, Europeans had an idea that the environment was something to be tamed, something to be managed. Managed probably isn't even the right word. Subjugated, I mean it had to be completely squashed. So that mindset came with our European ancestors to the American continents. When they came here, they saw a lot of frightening foreboding things that needed to be controlled and whether that may have been the indigenous people that lived here, or whether it was the indigenous animal life that was here, all of it needed to be controlled. Oftentimes people say, "Well, how can you look at the environment?" And I personally just can't take people away from it. Chris Gajewicz: It's impossible because humans have interacted with environment as long as we've had opposable thumbs, and we have done things to the environment, and not to be judgmental in any way, our human ancestors have done things to the environment because that's what you did at the time they did it. That's just how you interacted with it. So it's hard for us to kind of look back. Oftentimes, I'll do talks on the Great Black Swamp where we live and what happened? And I'll start out with saying, "At one point or another, this was all swamp. It was giant oak trees that had never been cut down and they could be a thousand years old. Who knows how old they were and now, they're all gone." Inevitably, someone in the audience will go, "AW," and I'll say, "Now, stop it right now." It is not our job to judge what our ancestors did to the environment. What our job is is to understand why they did what they did to the environment and then learn from that process." Chris Gajewicz: We know that some of the things, many of the things that were done to the environment were not a good thing, but surprisingly, some of the things that were done to the environment should be done now and are not prescribed burns and we're just getting back into prescribed burning right now in the past maybe 20, 30 years. It's still a fairly, which is funny, a fairly new science that native Americans and native Australians and native cultures throughout the world used fire. Because fire was suppressed, now we start seeing things like massive fires, particularly those in Australia, which were just horrific, but the native culture was not allowed to continue to burn as they had for thousands and thousands of years. Those plants, they evolved to accept fire as part of the way they live. Chris Gajewicz: I just saw a picture, I believe it was yesterday, of the greening up of the areas in Australia. And I'm like, "Ah hah. Well there you go folks. Those plants have adapted to fire. Things are going to green up in a short period of time." We look at things sometimes like, "I can't believe that the native Americans burned down most of the United States." Well, they burned it constantly and we have the historical record, that Madi mentioned, in journals. We use journals to see what's going on, and there's a really famous passage for Northwestern Ohioans where there were a group of native Americans that... like four guys on horses walking by. So we know horses, it was fairly recent in the grand scheme of things. They walked by a group of pioneers and then later on, they noticed smoke on the horizon and the prairie where these guys were all camping was now under, completely engulfed in flames. This was all prairie just up the road in Perrysburg, Ohio not that long ago and not that far away. Jolie Sheffer: Madi, Northwest Ohio is home to a diverse array of people past and present. How are you trying to incorporate diverse voices in your project? Madi Stump: One of the things that I have found in my preliminary research is that oral history emerged as a field to highlight voices that were marginalized in the historical records. Most of history is written by and about the predominant society, which is usually white and it's usually male. So in the people that I've selected or the people that I'm reaching out to for the oral history interviews for this project, I'm seeking out women in particular because women are a marginalized group in historical records. I'm seeking out native and indigenous voices because we know that there were a lot of indigenous tribal nations that used the resources in the Great Black Swamp. They maybe didn't live within the swamp where BG's currently settled, but they lived on the outside and they came into the Great Black Swamp to obtain resources and food and medicinal plants. Madi Stump: I'm intending to interview someone of tribal nation that has its roots in Northwest Ohio, so maybe the Wyandotte nation or the Miami nation. I really hope to highlight someone who is of a black, African American or another non white racial or ethnic group because our current population in Bowling Green is so diverse. I'm really grateful that I have those diverse perspectives here that I can use and I can look at then the way that people of different identities also, are interacting with the land in different or maybe similar ways and hopefully come to some kind of conclusion of different or similar ways that people are interacting with land in our home right now. Jolie Sheffer: Chris, could you tell us about your work in the restoration of Bowling Greens parks, such as Wintergarden and some of that custodianship of making a new generation of changes to the land? Chris Gajewicz: Wintergarden park has a long and storied history in and it has been a number of different things prior to it becoming a park. Most of the prairie that's there now was at one time for about 150 years, was row crops and at the time, it would have been either corn or wheat. St. John's woods many years ago was completely fenced off with metal fencing. Some of it's still exists if you look really hard. We've tried to remove some of it, but we have left some for historical perspective as well. If you look at it from the aerial, see it's a very different area. The reason it's different is that was fenced off, it's always been a woodlot and it was fenced off for the production of hogs. This is all information by the way, that I've gleaned from oral histories from people in our community who have come to me and they might be a gentleman may be a well up into his eighties saying, "I remember as a kid coming out here and there were hogs in here and you didn't want to mess with these hogs." Chris Gajewicz: I'm like, "Really? There's hogs." Well, that makes a lot of sense because as we look through that park, we see trillium. Trillium is a very common plant in Eastern Woodlands, except in Wintergarden park. It's also delicious because it doesn't have oxalic acid in it like the May apples do and the jack-in-the-pulpits do. Well, we have tons of jack-in-the-pulpits and ton of May apples and all of those are still there as a remnant because maybe a hog would have tried it once, but they wouldn't have tried it after that because it burns your mouth. It would burn any mammals mouth by eating it. There were oil wells there. You know that there was oil spillage there, I'm sure. So there's probably a layer of oil in those particular areas. It was water wells for the city of Bowling Green at one point. It was a summer camp for kids at one point. So there's lots and lots of different things it was. Chris Gajewicz: By the time I came on the scene in 2000 when I got the job as natural resources coordinator, one of my goals and one of the things we talked about when I was getting the job was how do we manage this area and remove, or at least prescribed something for it? That was just in the early days of discussions about prescribed burns, prescribed management. When I took the staff of the department of natural resources, division of natural areas and preserves around on a tour, they were just dumbfounded at the number of non-native invasive species that were in that park. They were like, "You guys are the poster child for what can go wrong." It's everywhere. So we needed to decide, and we meaning the staff that I eventually hired, we sat down and talked about what is it that needs to go first. It's like they say, eating an elephant one bite at a time. Chris Gajewicz: Well, this was a huge elephant and we couldn't just go in and do a little dabbling here and a little dabbling there. We started with the most critical parts of the park, which we deemed St. John's woods and we started working there and we began our efforts at removing as many or as much or all in some cases, of the non native invasives that were in that portion of the park. When we did that and we went in, sometimes bare handed, sometimes with a vengeance, a removing totarian bush honeysuckle and privet and burning bush. All of these were escapees from people's yards. Japanese Barberry, Japanese honeysuckle, Asiatic bittersweet, and it just went on and on. Then of course, garlic mustard, which was four feet tall and so thick you couldn't even walk through this stuff. It was ridiculous. Jolie Sheffer: So what's your vision when... At what point will you feel like- Chris Gajewicz: When we know we're done? Jolie Sheffer: Yeah- Chris Gajewicz: We're never going to be done. Jolie Sheffer: ... or what are you working towards? Chris Gajewicz: Actually, we had to set up a goal and our staff set up the goal. We were looking at pre contact with European cultures. So that would have been roughly in this area, would have been about 400 years ago with the French. They would have been through here. The Spanish had laid claim to this area, but I doubt highly that they ever came through this area, but the French certainly did. And then after that, the British and after that, the American cultures that were moving from the East to the Western part. What would we have seen 400 years ago? What would have been here with the possible exceptions of elk and bison, which I'd be happy to reintroduce those, but I'm pretty sure the neighbors wouldn't like it. But there were, megafauna aside, we would probably do our best to make it look as much like it looked when our pioneer ancestors would have been coming through the area. Chris Gajewicz: It's going to be difficult. In some cases, we have this kind of romanticized view of what the woods looks like or what it should look like. We read a lot of firsthand accounts and like, "It was beautiful and it was pristine and it was never touched by human hands." That's hogwash. Native Americans, as long as they've been in the United States or what we call the United States now, have been manipulating the land and that is that. When the pilgrims for instance, came and said, "God hath bestowed upon us these beautiful fields," well, those fields had been managed for hundreds of years as fields. So it's not like there was nothing going on prior to the arrival of these folks. Chris Gajewicz: We had to kind of pick a date and I had a board member once that said, "Why are you doing this?" I said, "Well, you know how when you go to the car show downtown and somebody has got a 1967 Mustang and it's really kind of cool, but it's really kind of outdated? Well, well that's kind of what we're doing. We're trying to restore something to a point where we can say this is what it looked like back then and use it as a historical reference point, museum like, but at the same time a living museum." Jolie Sheffer: We're going to take a quick break. Thanks for listening to the Big Ideas podcast. Intro: If you are passionate about Big Ideas, consider sponsoring this program. To have your name or organization mentioned here, please contact us at ICS@bgsu.edu. Jolie Sheffer: Madi, your project is about connecting research to the community. Can you tell us a little bit more about how you're hoping that the research that you're doing can actually be of use within our local parks? Madi Stump: I have two end products for this research, or rather to end community based outcomes. The first one is to deposit this collection of oral history, both the recorded interview and the transcript, as well as a short environmental history, a written environmental history using resources that I have found, all of that to be deposited in the Jerome Library Center for Archival Collections. So I've been working with the folks over there to make sure I have the proper documentation and the proper technology stuff to make sure that those records can be housed there, so that the community and guests and students can go and use those resources for the future and do their own scholarly research or just do some rabbit hole jumping or digging on the history of this community. Madi Stump: The second community based final product of this research is a physical sign that's going to be placed at Wintergarden park. It's going to feature a little bit of the oral history that I conducted of the park naturalist and of the park itself. It will accompany another community based project that I did last semester with some peers, an interpretive trail of sorts of focusing on St. John's woods, but really the park as a whole, this really rich history of Wintergarden and St. John's preserve. That sign itself will feature quotes and really detailed specific lessons that other people have learned from the park. That sign will have a QR code that will link to the BGSU history department blogs page. So there'll be an accompanying blog where there'll be more information about the transcripts and some recordings of the interviews themselves, some short clips, and then a link to the center for archival collections where this oral history collection will be housed. Madi Stump: So I'm really hoping that this project gives members of our community an opportunity to learn the stories of others and to learn how others are connecting to land so that they can similarly make connections to the natural parks and natural areas within Bowling Green to develop a sense of pride and ownership of the rich parks and the rich history of this place that we all live. Jolie Sheffer: Chris, how did your time at BGSU impact your career? Chris Gajewicz: I'm one of those people who came to Bowling Green twice and then decided not to leave. So I think that it impacted me in ways I don't even know. Sometimes, you go to a place and it sort of feels right. When I came as an undergrad here to finish up my degree that I had started at Hocking, so I had two years there, I came here for three years and I initially came here as a psychology major. I didn't even take one psychology course before I realized, knew that's not where I wanted to go. So I ended up in biology, which was okay, but I felt like there was something more. Then I switched to education and that's where I ended up even going further, getting my degree in recreation. I didn't even know you could do that, but when I was here I thought, "Well, I'm going to be stuck in a classroom for the rest of my life and I don't want to have to wear a tie every day," and kind of really dumb reasons to not go into a career in teaching. Chris Gajewicz: But still I thought, "I want to teach, but I want to teach in a non-traditional setting." So that's how I ended up in Bowling Green. I went out into the world for five years after my undergraduate degree, became either enlightened or frightened and came back to Bowling Green for my master's degree. Then I got a job working with Wood County parks as an intern and that's really where it started, is that I became very comfortable having grown up in Northwest Ohio, I always knew Bowling Green existed. I'm originally from Sylvania, just West of Toledo. So my high school played Bowling Green High School and football, not that I was there other than watching from the stands, but it was like, "Okay, Bowling Green's just far enough away from mom and dad, but still far enough away from me to be independent," and that was how I kind of looked at it. Chris Gajewicz: After graduate school, everything went very well and I really seem to enjoy what I was doing, doing the educational thing. Then I became a board member for Bowling Green Parks and Recreation. I wasn't even on the board for a year and they came up with this position called natural resources coordinator and I was like, "This is a great sounding job. I think I want it." So I had to step off the board, apply for the position and I got it, which was really great. I was the first person in the history of the city of Bowling Green to be the natural resources coordinator and manage natural resources within the city. I was the first person on the board who had a background in natural sciences as well. Everybody up until then, was either aquatics or sports, or active sport, active play, active recreation, and then here's this nature guy coming along and he sees things completely differently than everyone else does, a different type of recreation. Chris Gajewicz: So I was able to couple recreation with education and so that's how I kind of ended up here. I don't know if I answered the question exactly like you [crosstalk 00:28:05]. Jolie Sheffer: I think you did. Madi, what advice do you have for other students who might be interested in doing interdisciplinary and applied research search? Madi Stump: Do it. It can be really daunting as an undergraduate student to be doing big research projects, but there are so many resources here at BGSU that support students in their endeavors and their passions and their pursuits of life changing and community changing experiences. To any student anywhere in the world, there are those resources. So seek out those resources and take advantage of them because this kind of institutional support for both financially and mentorships and advisors, that doesn't happen everywhere. I think that that's one thing that makes BGSU a really special place is that there are so many different areas around campus, academic and nonacademic, that want students to succeed and put all of their... a full faith effort to do whatever they have to so students can succeed at these big interdisciplinary projects. Even a single faculty member, if there's one person that you feel a particular connection to because you had a really great class with them or because they're your academic advisor, they know other people who can connect you. Madi Stump: While my primary advisor for this project is Dr. Amilcar Challlu in the history department, I've also worked with other history department professors and I've worked with some of my environmental studies professors because Dr. Challu has been able to connect me and because of other resources on campus that have been able to connect me. This project wouldn't be interdisciplinary without them because my program's interdisciplinary, but it doesn't include every discipline. So to include a little bit of ethnic studies and identity based research, to include the history, to have that solid background of the environment and then to also include community based research and advocacy and support, these are all things that I couldn't have done without those additional connections on campus. So seek out those connections, use the resources that we have here because the world is endless. There are so many possibilities if you utilize the opportunities you have. Jolie Sheffer: I think it's really interesting, Chris, you telling your story of kind of your winding path and you, Madi, in your research process that you're both really talking about taking risks and trying things out and you sort of don't know what opportunity may present itself. Do you have any additional advice you'd give to young people who are interested in working on environmental issues or in trying to imagine a future that doesn't feel like wearing a tie if that's not what they want to do every day? Chris Gajewicz: First of all, I think that you need to, if you're looking at going into the environment in any aspect of it, that you need to go into it with first of all, an open mind. And second of all, in my personal opinion, I think sometimes the media throws gas on a fire and sometimes it's best to just do your own research and not be an alarmist. I mean, yes, it's very important that we learn what we can about what's going on in the environment. But there's such a big story, and with Madi's research and the interviews that she's doing, this is important because people did what they did for a reason. They didn't just willy nilly go out and say, "We're going to destroy the forest today." They were cutting the forest down because they were farmers. That was what they did then. So it's important to go at it again with without judgment, but with an understanding that the reason humans do what they do to the environment is because they had good reason that may be historically based. Chris Gajewicz: So we have to go back in the history, see what was going on at the time, understand, be nonjudgmental, and then look toward a future of like, "Okay, let's learn from our past, but now let's move toward the future." We're continually learning right now and I always say that science is never settled. I heard a politician say that once, "Science is settled." I'm like, "How could science be settled? The very nature of science is that it's unsettled and we wouldn't have a need for scientists if it were all figured out." We need to continue to figure it out and there's people... It's heartening to hear somebody like Madi with the enthusiasm she has to be able to... I'm passing the torch here in a few years to the next generation of people that are going to hopefully pick up where I left off, but I'm not expecting them to do exactly what I did. There's new research and new thoughts and new processes and new educational techniques. All of this is coming our way. It's not going to be the same as it was. Chris Gajewicz: I will be kind of keeping a close eye on what the next person is doing at Wintergarden, but for the most part I have to step back and let them do what they do. I just hope that they would also consider using people like myself as a resource. Don't forget that we do have a wealth of institutional and hands on knowledge that we want to share. And again, that's where people like Madi come in, do that research and interview those people because they do know. They saw it happening or they have, at the very least, they'll have an opinion about what to do next. So the best advice is go into it with an open mind, go into it with the expectation that you're going to do research for the rest of your career, that it's never settled, there's always more to learn. Every day, every single day I go to work, I learn something new and if I stop learning something new, I'm pretty sure it's time to move on, or maybe the cosmos had other plans for me and they moved me on unwillingly. Jolie Sheffer: Madi and Chris, thank you so much for joining me today on the Big Ideas podcast. Madi's research was supported by the new ICS Student Research Award, which was funded by generous donors to the BGSU One Day Fundraising Campaign. For more information on applying for a student research award or supporting the award, please visit bgsu.edu/ics. You can find the Big Ideas podcast on Apple podcasts, Google Play, Spotify, or wherever you find your podcasts. Our producers are Chris Cavera and Marco Mendoza with sound engineering today by Marco Mendoza. Research assistance was provided by Courtney Keeney with editing by Stevie Sheurich. This conversation was recorded in the Stan audio recording studio in the Michael and Sara Kuhlin Center at Bowling Green State University.  

President by Massacre: Indian-Killing for Political Gain pulls back the curtain of "expansionism," revealing how Andrew Jackson, William Henry Harrison, and Zachary Taylor massacred Indians to "open" land to slavery and oligarchic fortunes.President by Massacre: Indian-Killing for Political Gain examines the way in which presidential hopefuls through the first half of the nineteenth century parlayed militarily mounted land grabs into "Indian-hating" political capital to attain the highest office in the United States. The text zeroes in on three eras of U.S. "expansionism" as it led to the massacre of Indians to "open" land to African slavery while luring lower European classes into racism's promise to raise "white" above "red" and "black."This book inquires deeply into the existence of the affected Muskogee ("Creek"), Shawnee, Sauk, Meskwaki ("Fox"), and Seminole, before and after invasion, showing what it meant to them to have been so displaced and to have lost a large percentage of their members in the process. It additionally addresses land seizures from these and the Tecumseh, Tenskwatawa, Black Hawk, and Osceola tribes. President by Massacre: Indian-Killing for Political Gain is written for undergraduate and graduate readers who are interested in the Native Americans of the Eastern Woodlands, U.S. slavery, and the settler politics of U.S. expansionism.-Barbara Alice Mann is Professor of Honors Humanities in the Jesup Scott Honors College, University of Toledo. She is the author of several books, including Spirits of Blood, Spirits of Breath: The Twinned Cosmos of Indigenous America, Iroquoian Women : The Gantowisas, George Washington's War on Native America, and most recently President by Massacre: Indian-Killing for Political Gain. A Bear Clan, Ohio Seneca, she is co-chair of the Native American Alliance of Ohio.

No survey of weird literature would be complete without mentioning Algernon Blackwood (1869-1951). As with all masters of the genre, Blackwood's take on the weird is singular: here, it isn't the cold reaches of outer space that elicit in us a nihilistic frisson, but the vast expanses of our own planet's wild places -- especially the northern woods. In his story "The Wendigo," Blackwood combines the beliefs of the Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands with the folktales of his native Britain to weave an ensorcelling story that perfectly captures the mood of the Canadian wilderness. In this conversation, JF and Phil discuss their own experience of that wilderness growing up in Ontario. The deeper they go, the spookier things get. An episode best enjoyed in solitude, by a campfire. Header Image: "Highway 60 Passing Through the Boreal Forest in Algonquin Park" by Dimana Koralova, Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Highway_60_passing_through_the_boreal_forest_in_Algonquin_Park_(September_2008).png) SHOW NOTES Glenn Gould, The Idea of North (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szgnGV4hOKU) Algernon Blackwood, "The Wendigo" (https://www.gutenberg.org/files/10897/10897-h/10897-h.htm) Game of Thrones (https://www.hbo.com/game-of-thrones) (HBO series) Weird Studies, Episode 29: On Lovecraft (https://www.weirdstudies.com/29) H. P. Lovecraft, "Supernatural Horror in Literature" (http://www.hplovecraft.com/writings/texts/essays/shil.aspx) Edgar Allan Poe, "The Philosophy of Composition" (https://www.poetryfoundation.org/articles/69390/the-philosophy-of-composition) Fritz Leiber, [The Adventures of Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FafhrdandtheGrayMouser) Richard Wagner, Parsifal (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsifal) David Lynch, Twin Peaks: The Return (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4093826/) Peter Heller, The River: A Novel (https://www.amazon.com/River-novel-Peter-Heller/dp/0525521879) The Killing of Tim McLean (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Tim_McLean) (July 30, 2008) Weird Studies, Episode 3: Ecstasy, Sin, and "The White People" (https://www.weirdstudies.com/3) Mysterious Universe: Strange and Terrifying Encounters with Skinwalkers (https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2018/11/strange-and-terrifying-encounters-with-skinwalkers/) Jacques Vallée, Passport to Magonia: On UFOs, Folklore, and Parallel Worlds (https://www.amazon.com/Passport-Magonia-Folklore-Parallel-Worlds/dp/0809237962) Graham Harman, Weird Realism: Lovecraft and Philosophy (https://www.amazon.com/Weird-Realism-Philosophy-Graham-Harman-ebook/dp/B009ODXIH6) Arthur Machen, Hieroglyphics: A Note Upon Ecstasy (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/40241)

It may not come as a surprise that some historians and museum professionals are not always quick to adapt to change, but that’s only some of us. There are others out there, like today’s guest Frank Vagnone, who not only are capable of adapting, but thrive on inverting the status quo of museums and public history. Frank and I spoke about the book he co-authored, The Anarchist’s Guide to Historic House Museums, his position as the President and CEO of Old Salem, and examples of good ways for house museums to defy expectations. There's anarchy in the USA, the U.K., and beyond on this week's PreserveCast. Listen here: https://www.preservecast.org/2017/12/11/frank-vagnone-the-anarchists-podcast-on-historic-house-museums/   Editor's note: The music in the segment came from a 1994 recording of a Virginia Pow Wow, and included a traditional Eastern Woodlands and Iroqouis song/dance called Gadasjot.

In this episode we look at the Eastern Woodlands culture with a focus on the Northeast and Southeast. We then discuss the role archaeologists play in helping us better understand the complex and largely unknown history of indigenous people in North America. Send me an email at startingthestates@gmail.com. You can also stay up to date on all things podcast related by following the show on Twitter at @startthestates. The song you hear at the beginning and end of every episode is “Jam with Me” by Monplaisir

To move away from being totally Eurocentric, Prehi/stories takes a look at fiction set in North America. The People of the River is set in Cahokia in Illinois, and so I talk to Thomas Emerson, Director of the Illinois State Archaeological Survey and expert in the archaeology of the Eastern Woodlands, who gives the background reality of archaeological investigation to this story.

Pastimes that people do on the weekends was a way of life for the people of the Eastern Woodlands.  Learn about the animals that were vital to the way of life in all Iroquoia. Today we will talk about deer drives, fishing, beaver trapping and .... bear raising? Sources- Voyages de la Nouvelle France by Samuel de Champlain Iroquoia: The Development of a Native World: Iroquois & Their Neighbors by William Engelbrecht and Caleb Rector Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants by Arthur C. Parker 1491: NEW REVELATIONS OF THE AMERICAS BEFORE COLUMBUS BY CHARLES MANN

This first volume in the new Stories of the Susquehanna Valley series describes the Native American presence in the Susquehanna River Valley, a key crossroads of the old Eastern Woodlands between the Great Lakes and the Chesapeake Bay in northern Appalachia. Combining archaeology, history, cultural anthropology, and the study of contemporary Native American issues, contributors describe what is known about the Native Americans from their earliest known presence in the valley to the contact era with Europeans. They also explore the subsequent consequences of that contact for Native peoples, including the removal, forced or voluntary, of many from the valley, in what became a chilling prototype for attempted genocide across the continent. Euro-American history asserted that there were no native people left in Pennsylvania (the center of the Susquehanna watershed) after the American Revolution. But with revived Native American cultural consciousness in the late twentieth century, Pennsylvanians of native ancestry began to take pride in and reclaim their heritage. This book also tells their stories, including efforts to revive Native cultures in the watershed, and Native perspectives on its ecological restoration. David Minderhout is Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at Bloomsburg University, Pennsylvania. In addition to his work with Native Americans in Pennsylvania, he has conducted research on creole languages in the southern Caribbean, African American English in the Washington, D.C., public schools, and Pennsylvania German traditional medicine. He is the coauthor of Invisible Indians: Native Americans in Pennsylvania and numerous scholarly articles.