Podcasts about plains

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Send us a textI break down the major blast of winter to hit the Plains and when it will get out of here...Support the show

In this episode of The Great Plains Archaeology Podcast, Carlton is joined by Dr. Spencer Pelton, Wyoming State Archaeologist, to explore what some of the oldest archaeological sites in Wyoming reveal about Paleoindian life. The conversation focuses on two areas of Spencer's research: the Powars II hematite quarry and Locality IV at the Hell Gap site.TranscriptsFor rough transcripts of this episode go to https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/great-plains-archaeology/34LinksOffice of the Wyoming State Archaeologist WebsiteWyoming State Archaeologist - Spencer PeltonThe Archaeology of the North American Great Plains by Douglas B. Bamforth (2021)Archaeology on the Great Plains Edited by W. Raymond Wood (1998)Carlton's KU Anthropology Faculty BioCarlton's KU Anthropology Faculty BioContactInstagram: @‌pawnee_archaeologistEmail: greatplainsarchpodcast@gmail.comAPNAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliatesMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

'This is sell America' U.S. dollar, Treasury prices tumble and gold spikes as globe flees U.S. assets; A major winter storm is brewing. It s likely to unleash dangerous ice and snow from the Plains to the East Coast; Conservation groups sue over EPA approval of forever chemical; AR immigration advocates address new visa rules; NY doctors help develop new cancer research database.

A massive winter storm is set to spread heavy snow and ice across more than two dozen states, threatening travel, power outages and dangerous cold from the South and Plains to the Northeast this weekend. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Send us a textLate this week and into the weekend, a blast of Arctic air and snow is coming to the middle of the country. I sort out the details as they stand right now...Support the show

'This is sell America' U.S. dollar, Treasury prices tumble and gold spikes as globe flees U.S. assets; A major winter storm is brewing. It s likely to unleash dangerous ice and snow from the Plains to the East Coast; Conservation groups sue over EPA approval of forever chemical; AR immigration advocates address new visa rules; NY doctors help develop new cancer research database.

A new era is underway on the Plains. In this episode, we break down how new Auburn head coach Alex Golesh is attacking one of his biggest early challenges: rebuilding the Tigers' roster. From high school recruiting to the transfer portal, Golesh is wasting no time reshaping the depth chart, establishing a new culture, and laying the foundation for long-term success. What's working so far, what obstacles remain, and how quickly can Auburn turn the corner? We dive into the strategy, the moves, and what it all means for the future of Auburn football. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

John and Van talk about the huge new portal acquisitions, big hoops win, and what's coming up this week on the Plains! Plus the usual shenanigans and more!  (The show's early this week because of Van's birthday!) Watch the episode on YouTube:  https://www.youtube.com/@auwishbone301/streams Be a part of the AU Wishbone Family by becoming a patron of the shows:  https://www.patreon.com/vanallenplexico Contact the show via Twitter at @AUWishbone and via email: AUWishbone (at) Gmail dot com. Brought to you by White Rocket Entertainment. www.auwishbone.com www.plexico.net

She's zany. She's brainy. She's Elizabeth Gainey. Listen to the mechanical engineering doctoral student detail her decision to pursue precision — lead-free —on the Plains on the latest episode of the best podcast in higher education. 

The primary focus of today's briefing is the impending G1 geomagnetic storm watch issued by NOAA, which may grant observers in the northern United States the opportunity to witness the Northern Lights. As we delve into the meteorological landscape, we will address the winter hazards currently affecting the central Rockies and southern High Plains, with specific attention to a winter storm warning in effect for the Colorado Front Range, predicting significant snowfall and adverse conditions. Additionally, we will highlight accumulating snow chances in the northwest Texas Panhandle and the subsequent colder, breezy weather anticipated across various regions. Furthermore, updates from Alaska's FEMA Bethel Assistance Hub will be provided, emphasizing ongoing support for storm and flood survivors. We encourage our audience to remain vigilant and informed as these weather systems evolve, particularly if conditions permit a glimpse of the aurora tonight.Takeaways:* The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has issued a G1 geomagnetic storm watch effective tonight, suggesting a potential view of the Northern Lights.* A winter storm warning has been declared for the Colorado Front Range, predicting heavy snowfall and hazardous blowing snow conditions.* Residents in western Alaska are encouraged to utilize the Bethel Assistance Hub, which has reopened to support survivors from previous storms and floods.* In Texas, particularly the northwest Panhandle, accumulating snow is anticipated, alongside colder and breezy weather following a passing cold front.* California currently faces no urgent weather alerts, yet a recovery update from last winter's fires has been published by CAL OES, highlighting ongoing efforts and lessons learned.* Monitoring updates from the National Weather Service is recommended, as evolving weather systems may impact the Rockies and Plains regions significantly.Companies mentioned in this episode:* NOAA* National Weather Service* FEMA* CAL OESSources[FEMA | https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20260107/bethel-assistance-hub-reopens-jan-8-support-alaskans][Cal OES | https://news.caloes.ca.gov/a-year-after-the-la-fires-pacific-palisades-and-altadena-communities-recover/][NWS Pueblo | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=PUB&product=WSW&site=pub][NWS Duluth | https://forecast.weather.gov/zipcity.php?inputstring=duluth%2CMN][NWS Amarillo | https://www.weather.gov/ama/winter][NWS Seattle | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=SEW&product=CFW&site=SEW] This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit emnetwork.substack.com/subscribe

The Auburn Tigers dropped to 0-2 with a 90-88 loss to The Texas A&M Aggies. The score doesn't tell the whole story of the Auburn Basketball loss. A chaotic ending led to head coach Steven Pearl trying to pick up the pieces, hear what the coach says about that. Meanwhile, head coach Bucky McMillan has Texas A&M Basketball off to a 2-0 start in the SEC. Alabama Basketball is back in action tonight at The Vanderbilt Commodores at 8:00 on ESPN2. Alabama Basketball enters Nashville having won eight of their last nine games a coming off a 15-point win over Kentucky Saturday in Tuscaloosa. Alabama Football picks up an offensive lineman, a position of need for the Crimson Tide. Alabama also has some stars that will be sticking around for another season in Tuscaloosa. We look at show signed up for more time with the Tide. Could one of the guys NOT in Tuscaloosa next season be quarterback Ty Simpson? What are his prospects? New Auburn Football quarterback Byrum Brown met the media for the first time as an Auburn player. We will let you hear what he has to say. War Bulls: another USF WR is headed to the Plains. LSU Tigers head coach Lane Kiffin may find himself in the middle of a transfer portal controversy involving Washington Huskies Demond Williams. Williams agreed to a contract to play next season for the Huskies but has now entered the portal and some have speculated he may be in the mix for the spot in Baton Rouge. Is Kiffin in the crosshairs of the Big 10? SUBSCRIBE: @NextRoundLive - / @nextroundlive FOLLOW TNR ON RUMBLE: https://rumble.com/c/c-7759604 FOLLOW TNR ON SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/7zlofzLZht7dYxjNcBNpWN FOLLOW TNR ON APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-next-round/id1797862560 WEBSITE: https://nextroundlive.com/ MOBILE APP: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/the-next-round/id1580807480 SHOP THE NEXT ROUND STORE: https://nextround.store/ Like TNR on Facebook: / nextroundlive Follow TNR on Twitter: / nextroundlive Follow TNR on Instagram: / nextroundlive Follow everyone from the show on Twitter: Jim Dunaway: / jimdunaway Ryan Brown: / ryanbrownlive Lance Taylor: / thelancetaylor Scott Forester: / scottforestertv Tyler Johns: /TylerJohnsTNR Sponsor the show: sales@nextroundlive.com #SEC #Alabama #Auburn #secfootball #collegefootball #cfb #cfp #football #sports #alabamafootball #alabamabasketball #auburnbasketball #auburnfootball #rolltide #wareagle #alabamacrimsontide #auburntigers #nfl #sportsnews #footballnews Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

(00:00-6:09) Cuckin' Matt Damon. They're already not happy with today's filtering process. Guaranteed a three-way tie at the top of the leaderboard as neither CSW or The Incel penned an email. Audio of the Auburn coach unhappy with the controversial ending of their game. The fans weren't happy on The Plains.(6:17-20:47) Jackson's in his Jam Jams Playlist so we get some Paramore. Naming off the colleges in Philadelphia. Never talk unit size. Always live your life like Arite Lange. Talking through Tim's futures bet on Miami. Chairman is not taking any guff about his filtering.(20:57-32:24) Revealing the winner of the EMOTD.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

The Auburn Tigers have their 2026 quarterbacks, USF Bulls QB Byrum Brown follows new Auburn head coach Alex Golesh to The Plains. At USF, Brown amassed more than 4,000 total yards last season in Tampa. What does Brown bring to Auburn? We ask ESPN's Tom Luginbill to break him down. The Alabama Crimson Tide lost it's biggest contributor to date to the portal as Qua Russaw announced his intention to test the portal waters. Alabama Football now has as many as 15 players enter the Transfer Portal, we will look at the potential losses for the Crimson Tide and how these losses will impact the two-deep for Alabama. Alabama also has a second “Hollywood” as they get NC State running back Hollywood Smothers out of the portal. He amassed 1500 rush yards dating back to 2024. Also, the Ole Miss/LSU coaches had another wild day, we tell you what the final two members of Lane Kiffin's staff did yesterday. PLUS, Tyler's Viewing Menu presented by Michelson Laser Vision! SUBSCRIBE: @NextRoundLive - / @nextroundlive FOLLOW TNR ON RUMBLE: https://rumble.com/c/c-7759604 FOLLOW TNR ON SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/7zlofzLZht7dYxjNcBNpWN FOLLOW TNR ON APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-next-round/id1797862560 WEBSITE: https://nextroundlive.com/ MOBILE APP: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/the-next-round/id1580807480 SHOP THE NEXT ROUND STORE: https://nextround.store/ Like TNR on Facebook: / nextroundlive Follow TNR on Twitter: / nextroundlive Follow TNR on Instagram: / nextroundlive Follow everyone from the show on Twitter: Jim Dunaway: / jimdunaway Ryan Brown: / ryanbrownlive Lance Taylor: / thelancetaylor Scott Forester: / scottforestertv Tyler Johns: /TylerJohnsTNR Sponsor the show: sales@nextroundlive.com #SEC #Alabama #Auburn #secfootball #collegefootball #cfb #cfp #football #sports #alabamafootball #alabamabasketball #auburnbasketball #auburnfootball #rolltide #wareagle #alabamacrimsontide #auburntigers #nfl #sportsnews #footballnews Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

2026年的第一期节目，我们来进行一场属于 Vibration 歪波音室的 2025 年度音乐大赏！以往我习惯挑选个人的华语、外语年度十佳，但今年我们来换个玩法。这次，我把整个盘点分成两个部分：年度风格六大象限 The 6 Soundscapes of 2025非正经特别奖 The “Not-So-Serious” Special Award总共36张年度专辑+10张特别奖专辑&歌曲。如果2025年是一场打破边界的洪流，那我希望通过这次大赏，把散落在洪流里的碎片，拼凑成一张属于我们自己的时代地图。快来收听吧！用音乐给新年开个好头~

Auburn beat writer for AL.com Peter Rauterkus stopped by 3 Man Front and gave us insight to Auburn signing Byrum Brown and his payday, other USF players coming to the Plains, and other players Auburn might be targeting! See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What if your most meaningful work begins after you stop striving to prove yourself? In this warm, wide-ranging conversation, I sit down with old friend, songwriter, filmmaker, and Enneagram Two Andrew Greer for a heartful exploration of loneliness, love, boundaries, creativity, and what it really means to live a good life. Andrew opens up about the hidden sadness behind the Enneagram Two's gift for connection—the ache that often fuels the desire to help, anticipate, and care for others. Together, we unpack how pride, control, and fear of being a burden can quietly shape relationships, and how learning to receive may be the most courageous spiritual practice of all. We also dive into Andrew's new book, More Than a President, and explore Jimmy Carter as a quintessential Enneagram One—principled, disciplined, justice-driven, and far more impactful after the presidency than during it. This episode is a meditation on personality, vocation, and maturity—on shifting focus from résumé to soul, from achievement to love, from striving to rest. It's thoughtful, funny, deeply human, and quietly challenging. Pull up a chair. This one stays with you.   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------   About Andrew Greer Author, musician, and filmmaker, Andrew Greer has published three books, released multiple chart-topping recordings, and directed the PBS documentary Plainspoken, a film inspired by the lives of Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter and their neighbors in Plains, Georgia. A Texas native, and longtime Nashvillian, Greer now makes his home in Plains. Website: https://www.andrew-greer.com/ New Book: http://sundayswithjimmycarter.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/andrewbgreer/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/agreermusic

The Alabama Crimson Tide faces the Indiana Hoosiers in the Rose Bowl Tomorrow. This marks the 100th anniversary of Alabama Football's first Rose Bowl appearance. Indiana Football has only played in one other Rose Bowl, this will be Alabama's 9th Rose Bowl and they played a BCS Championship Game here, as well. Alabama WR Ryan Williams has confirmed his commitment to stay at Alabama after this season and has also addressed the fact that this year has not gone as he wished. Will it be Ohio State back-to-back or will we crown a new champion? The Auburn Tigers QB room is now empty. Auburn Football has seen Jackson Arnold, Ashton Daniels and now Deuce Knight hit the Portal. Is it a complete reset on the Plains? Tennessee loses Music City Bowl to Illinois USC loses bowl game to TCU PLUS, Tyler's Viewing Menu presented by Michelson Laser Vision! SUBSCRIBE: @NextRoundLive - / @nextroundlive FOLLOW TNR ON RUMBLE: https://rumble.com/c/c-7759604 FOLLOW TNR ON SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/7zlofzLZht7dYxjNcBNpWN FOLLOW TNR ON APPLE PODCASTS: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-next-round/id1797862560 WEBSITE: https://nextroundlive.com/ MOBILE APP: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/the-next-round/id1580807480 SHOP THE NEXT ROUND STORE: https://nextround.store/ Like TNR on Facebook: / nextroundlive Follow TNR on Twitter: / nextroundlive Follow TNR on Instagram: / nextroundlive Follow everyone from the show on Twitter: Jim Dunaway: / jimdunaway Ryan Brown: / ryanbrownlive Lance Taylor: / thelancetaylor Scott Forester: / scottforestertv Tyler Johns: /TylerJohnsTNR Sponsor the show: sales@nextroundlive.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Justin and Dan are back in the Wings 94.3 studio after a week off for the holidays, and they change it up by talking some Auburn football before diving into football. Topics for this episode include:* note: this episode was recorded before the Connor Lew news* the latest outgoing portal movement for Auburn football* Auburn's changing NIL and revenue-sharing approach* how the Xavier Atkins retention is feeling bigger by the week* increased optimism of Cam Coleman's return to the Plains* the Sunk Cost Fallacy and South Carolina* why Auburn fans shouldn't freak out too much right now* Tahaad Pettiford and KeShawn Murphy's positive injury news* the real challenge of facing Queens' offense on Monday night* the real opportunity in facing Queens' defense on Monday night* setting the tone in the final non-conference game before going to Georgia* The Auburn Observer's plans for 2026* Justin accidentally going viral with a tweet about his mother-in-law* Dan's review of Marty Supreme* not The Queens of the Stone Age song you were expecting (or maybe it was)If you're receiving this free podcast episode and would like to upgrade to a paid subscription that gives you access to all stories and premium podcast episodes, subscribe using the button below or clicking this link.Follow Dan (@dnpck) and Justin (@JFergusonAU) on Twitter. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.auburnobserver.com/subscribe

On the one-year mark since President Jimmy Carter's death, hosts Greg Bluestein and Patricia Murphy reflect on Carter's lasting legacy in his hometown of Plains and what it means for Georgia today. Patricia shares voices from the community that helped shape Carter's life and values, offering a portrait of how the small town continues to carry his example forward. Then they turn to the 2026 campaign trail, as Patricia takes listeners inside her reporting with two Democratic candidates for governor. Through conversations in Columbus and beyond, she explores how candidates Jason Esteves and Michael Thurmond are grounding their campaigns in personal stories, economic pressures, and appeals to hope as Georgia's next political chapter begins. Have a question or comment for the show? Call or text the 24-hour Politically Georgia Podcast Hotline at 770-810-5297. We'll play back your question and answer it during our next Monday Mailbag segment. You can also email your questions at PoliticallyGeorgia@ajc.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode of The Great Plains Archaeology Podcast, host Carlton Shield Chief Gover is joined by Dr. Madeline Mackie, Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Michigan State University, to explore the archaeology of mammoth kill sites in the Northwest Plains.Dr. Mackie walks us through what makes a site a “kill site” and how archaeologists determine whether mammoths were hunted by humans or died naturally. She shares insights into the types of tools, bone modifications, and site features that point to deliberate human activity—offering a glimpse into the complex and skilled lifeways of Paleoindigenous peoples.The discussion also highlights what these mammoth kills reveal about how early humans adapted to shifting environments at the end of the Ice Age, providing crucial context for understanding the transition into the Archaic period. Dr. Mackie closes with a call to action: the Plains needs more archaeologists dedicated to uncovering and interpreting the Archaic period—one of the most understudied and dynamic chapters of Indigenous history.Great Plains Archaeology PodcastLinks:The Archaeology of the North American Great Plains by Douglas B. Bamforth (2021)Archaeology on the Great Plains Edited by W. Raymond Wood (1998)Carlton's KU Anthropology Faculty BioContact:Instagram: @‌pawnee_archaeologistEmail: greatplainsarchpodcast@gmail.comBlogs and Resources:Bill White: Succinct ResearchDoug Rocks-MacQueen: Doug's ArchaeologyChris Webster: DIGTECH LLCAndrew KinkellaKinkella Teaches Archaeology (Youtube)Blog: Kinkella Teaches ArchaeologyArchPodNetAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliatesMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Hey Retro Fans!

The first round of the College Football Playoff is right around the corner, and we're here to talk about a whole bunch of other vaguely sports-related stuff before getting into the games previews. Listen, if you must! Has something we said, or failed to say, made you FEEL something? You can tell us all about it by joining the conversation on our Substack or you can send us an email here. Enjoy!Show RundownOpen — Abe Live-Bets the Games!5:52 — WGAS NewsBag, Sports Edition! Sherrone Moore; Michigan coaching search; QBs in the portal; Heisman to the herb; Knicks win the “NBA Cup”42:31 — Sports-Adjacent Question of the Week53:02 — The Best Game in Every Time Slot1:10:37 — CIB 2025 Football Pick ‘em Contest1:19:45 — Jimmy Carter's Presidential Lock of the Week, Live from Plains, Heaven1:23:51 — Wrap-up! Athletic fees for non-athletes; Can the Japanese redeem themselves in Abe's eyes?Relevant Linkage can be found by visiting https://brainiron.substack.com/, where, if you would like to support this and the other podcasting and blogging endeavors of the Brain Iron dot com media empire, you can also become a paying subscriber.The opening and closing themes of Cast Iron Balls were composed by Marc Gillig. For more from Marc, go to tetramermusic.com.The background music for Jimmy Carter's Presidential Lock of the Week is "Bama Country" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Join me as I review Murder in Tarsis by John Maddox Roberts live! Share your thoughts on this first novel in the Dragonlance Classics series, released by Wizards of the Coast on October 1, 1999. You can buy a copy here: https://amzn.to/48RPymI https://youtube.com/live/9Hb3au-Y5aM About Murder in Tarsis Who killed Ambassador Bloodarrow? When the Lord of Tarsis finds himself with a politically volatile murder on his hands, he turns to the three most expendable inhabitants of the city of a solution. A mercenary, a poet-assassin, and a thief might not be everyone’s first choice for detectives. But they find they’re quite good at bringing murderers to justice. Perhaps a little too good . . . Show Notes Intro Welcome to another DragonLance Saga review episode. It is Misham, Frostkolt the 18th. My name is Adam and today I am going to give you my review of Murder in Tarsis by John Maddox Roberts. I would like to take a moment and thank the DLSaga members and Patreon patrons, and invite you to consider becoming a member or patron. You can even pick up Dragonlance media using my affiliate links. This is my perspective only, and if you have any thoughts or disagree with mine, I invite you to share them in YouTube chat. Review This is a very interesting novel that I was not anticipating. It starts with an aristocrat hiring an assassin, Nistur, to kill a mercenary, Ironwood. As Nistur approached the merc in a bar, he offered him a job to get him to leave with him. Ironwood agreed and left, but Nistur admitted to being hired to kill him, and they began their fight. Nistur is honorable, and a poet at heart, but he is effective as an assassin, however Ironwood is nearly equal to the task of killing him. However, he succumbs to his knee giving out and as Nistur goes in for the kill, Ironwood punches him with the Knot of Thanalus. This casts a magical geas on Nistur which forces him to serve Ironwood. They are spied on by thief Shellring who is hired to take the now nigh unconscious Ironwood to a healer. They arrive at the healer, Stunbog's residence in Harbor town. He lives with the barbarian woman Nysra. They take care of the mercenary who suffers from a slow acting poison from a black dragon bite. Then we cut over to a council meeting between the Lord of Tarsis and his counselors. They are discussing the coming threat of the new chieftain of the nomads of the Plains of Dust, Kyaga Strongbow. His representatives arrive and make unbelievable demands of them, but being shrewd merchants and bankers they begin to barter. The chieftain will arrive in two days, so they must come to an accord, or he will sack the city. That night as they entertain the guests the lord of Tarsis spews dissent into the nomads’ ears, trying to turn them against one another. The following night the representative is discovered murdered, creating a pretty big problem for the Lord of Tarsis. As Kyaga arrives he gives them five days to discover and hand over the killer or killers or the town is going to be sacked. The Lord of Taris is beside himself as each of his councilors would turn against him to take his seat, so he can't trust anyone from Tarsis. Meanwhile Ironwood and Nistur are trying ot find mercenary work with the city for the oncoming war, but Ironwood has a reputation for being cursed, due to the Dragon bite. So no one will hire them, It ends in a fight with them locked in jail. They use Shellring the thief to send word to the Lord of Tarsis taht they are in fact acclaimed detectives and they would discover the murderer for him. With no other option the lord grants them his seal and sets them to work. They find no real information on the city wall, but discover the ambassador was killed with a wire around his neck and hauled up to the statue where his body was found. Now they search the town for information and an old Aghar dwarf named Granny Toadflower asked to meet them in her home. It happens to be in the worst part of town, so they all go together, hoping there is safety in numbers. Once there they are told to seek the lightning lizard, beware the musician and the lying eyes. This only confounds them, and when they leave they are confronted by two rival gangs working together to kill them. They fought the unskilled kids off and questioned one who told them that they were hired by a masked man. All the nobles in Tarsis wear masks, then the group makes note and continues to the nomads camp to question the chieftains. They learned that some of them are more willing to turn from Kyaga than others, but upon returning to Stunbog, they realised the shaman has a sigil on his hand. As Stunbog researched the sigil, Mysra was being visited by her long thought dead brother. The investigation was returned to and they questioned many nobles, only to see as much potential of backstabbing as any nomad, and the sudden death of Gulak Horsetamer, being hung in Melkar’s courtyard put him at the top of the convenient killer list. Kyaga demanded to have the murderer on the morrow or war will fall on Tarsis. The group learns of Mysra and Stunbog being captured and sent to the prisons for engaging with the enemy, Mysra's brother, and the group goes into the sewers to search for the dwarves to get into the prisons. They learn of a massive lizard in the tunnels they may have to fight off, if it wakes as they tunnel under the prison. They get Stunbog and Mysra out and the lizard wakes. Ironwood ends up defeating it and it melts off his black dragon armor that was stuck on him as if by a curse. They all realize the truth after Ironwood shares his history and Stunbog reveals the effect of the sigil. They confront the Lord of Tarsis and Kyaga as they are delivering Melkas as the murderer, even though he denies it. It turned out that Ironwood was joined by a bard named Boreas when they went to fight the small dragon years back. Ironwood was left for dead and took the skin to make armor. Boreas took the heart and used it to increase his charisma and authority, then used the sigil to change his appearance. He posed as the shaman heralding his own legend, and the councilor who hired Nistur to kill Ironwood. Then he killed his own men to frame the Tarsinians so he could take the city over and investigate the library underneath which would allow him to control more than just the nomads. But in true Scooby-Doo fashion, he was discovered in the final moments by our heroes and revealed. Then a massive Black dragon that has been searching for its child found the heart that Boreas had and took it and him away, as the nomads and Tarsinians begin battling and the heroes leave town to fight corruption elsewhere. It was a fun story, but as soon as we learned about Ironwood’s past, it revealed everything. I like these little mysteries a lot, and would even welcome a second installment. The characters were all believable and entertaining, even though it was really short, just a couple hundred pages. If you are a fan of mysteries, dragonlance, or one-off novellas set in Tarsis, I would highly recommend this novel. You could do a lot worse and it's a fun read. Outro And that's it for my review of Murder in Tarsis by John Maddox Roberts. What did you think of the twist? Do you think dragons can smell their children’s hearts and skin? And finally, do you know of any other great Dragonlance mystery stories? Feel free to email me at info@dlsaga.com or leave a comment below. I would like to thank Creator Patron Aaron Hardy, Producer Patron Azrael, and Developer Patron Chris Androu! I would also like to take a moment and remind you to subscribe to this YouTube channel, ring the bell to get notified about upcoming videos and click the like button. This all goes to help other Dragonlance fans learn about this channel and its content. This channel is all about celebrating the wonderful world of the Dragonlance Saga, and I hope you will join me in the celebration. Thank you for watching, this has been Adam with DragonLance Saga and until next time Slàinte mhath (slan-ge-var).

Several Auburn players have announced their intentions to enter the transfer portal, and it's sparked plenty of debate across the fanbase. Is this a warning sign for the program, or simply the reality of college football when a new head coach takes over? In this episode, we break down who's leaving, why roster turnover is common during coaching transitions, and what it actually means for Auburn's future. We'll discuss whether these departures should raise concern, how the transfer portal fits into the new college football landscape, and what fans should be watching as the offseason unfolds. Is it time to worry—or is this just part of the process on the Plains? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The salient point of our discussion today centers on the impending severe weather conditions forecasted to affect multiple regions, particularly as a formidable Pacific storm approaches from the Northwest. This meteorological event is anticipated to bring damaging winds, mountain snow, and localized blizzard conditions across the Northern Rockies and Plains. Furthermore, we delve into the ongoing flood response in Western Washington, where the region grapples with the aftermath of excessive rainfall, compounded by river warnings and landslide risks as additional weather fronts approach. We also highlight the potential for hazardous travel conditions due to high winds and snow in various states, including North Dakota and Montana, as well as the growing concerns over winter storm watches and blizzard conditions in the northern plains. As we progress through our analysis, we will remain vigilant in tracking river stages, wind advisories, and the timing of forthcoming storms, ensuring that our audience is well-informed and prepared for the evolving weather scenarios.A thorough examination of the current meteorological landscape reveals the intricate dynamics of a formidable Pacific storm traversing the United States, particularly as it approaches the Northern Rockies and Plains. This storm is characterized by its capacity to generate damaging winds ranging from 50 to 70 mph, coupled with significant snowfall and the potential for localized blizzard conditions. The podcast meticulously unpacks the repercussions of this weather event, particularly for Western Washington, which is currently in a state of flood response following an extensive period of heavy precipitation. The discussion focuses on the heightened risks of river flooding and landslides, a situation exacerbated by the saturated soils resulting from recent rainfall. As the storm progresses, listeners are informed of the potential for additional fronts to exacerbate these conditions, emphasizing the ongoing vulnerability of the region.The narrative further extends to the specific weather advisories across various states, detailing the high wind advisories and renewed flood threats that are expected to emerge in Northwest Oregon and Southwest Washington. The podcast dissects the implications of these advisories, particularly for transportation and infrastructure, as well as the efforts of local and national weather services to keep the public informed. The dangers posed by high winds and blizzard conditions in the High Plains are highlighted, illustrating the widespread impact of the storm across state lines. The podcast adeptly conveys the seriousness of the situation, advocating for public awareness and action in response to the impending weather challenges.As the episode draws to a close, the discussion encapsulates the necessity for vigilance and preparedness in the face of such formidable weather phenomena. It calls upon listeners to remain abreast of the evolving circumstances, emphasizing the importance of heeding warnings and taking precautionary measures to ensure safety. Ultimately, the podcast serves as an invaluable resource for understanding the complexities of severe weather and underscores the imperative of community resilience in the face of natural adversities.Takeaways:* The Pacific storm is expected to bring significant damaging winds and snow across various regions today. * Western Washington continues to face serious flooding issues following an extended period of heavy rainfall. * High wind warnings and advisories are in effect across numerous states, indicating hazardous conditions. * Travel disruptions are anticipated due to heavy winds and potential blizzard conditions in the northern regions. * Forecasters predict a powerful atmospheric river to impact the area with heavy rain and rising rivers soon. * Weather advisories highlight the risk of downed trees and utility outages due to saturated soils. Sources[WPC | https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov][NWS Seattle | https://www.weather.gov/sew/][USGS Latest Earthquakes (map) | https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/?extent=16.8,-137.2&extent=55.0,-52.8&listOnlyShown=true][NOAA SWPC | https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/forecast-discussion][NWS Seattle — AFD/hazards | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=SEW&product=AFD&site=sew][NWS Seattle homepage | https://www.weather.gov/sew/][AP recap of state impacts | https://apnews.com/article/5a5d085e96e98d24c96a889b4d7d8e6c][WSDOT | https://wsdot.wa.gov/][NWS Portland hazards | https://www.weather.gov/pqr/][NWS Pendleton alert (media relay) | https://ktvz.com/weather/alerts-weather/2025/12/17/high-wind-warning-issued-december-17-at-134am-pst-until-december-17-at-400pm-pst-by-nws-pendleton-or/][ODOT TripCheck closures | https://www.tripcheck.com/DynamicReports/Report/RoadConditions][NWS Bay Area AFD — key messages | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=MTR&product=AFD&site=mtr][WPC Excessive Rainfall Outlook overview | https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov][NWS Boise AFD/advisories | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=BOI&product=AFD&site=BOI][NWS Pocatello High Wind Warning | https://forecast.weather.gov/showsigwx.php?warnzone=IDZ073&product1=High+Wind+Warning][Boise hazards | https://www.weather.gov/boi/][NWS Great Falls/TFX warnings | https://forecast.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=byz&wwa=all][East Glacier hazard page | https://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lat=48.4438&lon=-113.2255][NWS Cheyenne warnings text | https://www.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=cys&wwa=all][NWS Denver/Boulder — point forecast showing High Wind Warning | https://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lat=40.56&lon=-105.07][WPC national hazards note | https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov][NWS Bismarck state forecast product | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=ND&product=SFP&site=AKQ][NWS Grand Forks DSS/Blizzard potential PDF | https://www.weather.gov/media/fgf/DssPacket.pdf][NWS Rapid City AFD | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=UNR&product=AFD&site=UNR][NWS Rapid City High Wind Warning text | https://forecast.weather.gov/showsigwx.php?warnzone=SDZ076&product1=High+Wind+Warning][NWS North Platte HWO | https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?issuedby=LBF&product=HWO&site=NWS][WFO North Platte hazards map | https://www.weather.gov/lbf/][NWS Salt Lake City homepage advisory | https://www.weather.gov/slc/][SLC point forecast showing Wind Advisory | https://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lat=40.7585&lon=-111.8881][NWS Duluth hazards | https://www.weather.gov/dlh/][NWS Grand Forks web brief | https://www.weather.gov/fgf/] This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit emnetwork.substack.com/subscribe

Plains All American's Basin Pipeline and the complementary Sunrise Pipeline play major roles in moving Permian crude to Cushing, OK, the delivery point for the U.S. benchmark and a key storage hub. In today's RBN blog, we'll dig into why the pipes are so important to the Permian, Plains and Cushing.

Exhausted and exposed on the ancient Dragon Road, Raylan, Rebecca, and Philos encounter Outlanders who attack without warning or negotiation. When three pike-wielding men emerge from the granite shadows, Philos transforms from silent guardian into devastating war machine, revealing his mount is no simple draft horse but a trained warhorse built for brutal combat. The violent clash shatters any illusion of safe passage through the Plains, forcing the trio to confront a harsh reality: not everyone respects the thieves guild seal, and the road ahead may demand blood rather than words.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-thieves-guild--6141933/support.Some secrets are worth dying for. Some are worth killing for.----CREDITS ✍️ Writer: Jake Kerr

Auburn Football Head Coach Alex Golesh joins The Next Round to break down his vision for the Tigers and what Auburn fans can expect as a new era begins on The Plains. We cover everything Auburn fans want to know:

Is Alex Golesh the catalyst Auburn needs to finally shake off a culture of inconsistency and physicality issues? In this episode, we dive deep into what Golesh brings to The Plains—his philosophy, his track record, and whether his approach can truly reset Auburn's identity on and off the field. Joining us is special guest Darrell Dapprich, who brings sharp insight and honest perspective on Auburn's recent struggles, the toughness question, and how a cultural overhaul really happens inside a college football program. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Auburn football coach Alex Golesh joined McElroy and Cubelic in the Morning to discuss the new job on the Plains and the focus moving forward as a program in 2026 and beyond!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A pair of atmospheric rivers will unleash many inches of rain and trigger major flooding in parts of western Washington and Oregon through the middle of this week. More storms will follow past the middle of December. Also, more Arctic air is building over northern Canada and will be directed into the United States, courtesy of the polar vortex. How long will the cold waves last? Will it stay cold through Christmas? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Battle of the Little Bighorn - also known as the Battle of the Greasy Grass - was one of the most dramatic and important clashes in American history. In June 1876, on the rolling plains of Montana, Colonel George Armstrong Custer and the 7th Cavalry charged into a vast encampment of Lakota and other tribes — and were utterly destroyed by the superior native forces who fought to defend their sacred lands from the encroaching United States.In this episode, Dan is joined by former National Parks historian Paul Hedren to explore how this battle came to define the struggle between the U.S. government and the Plains tribes, what led to Custer's fatal mistake, and how the Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho achieved a stunning, if fleeting, victory.Paul's new book is called 'Sitting Bull's War: The Battle of the Little Bighorn and the Fight for Buffalo and Freedom'.The terminology to use when exploring and discussing Indigenous and native peoples, history, and culture is sensitive and complex. You can find out more on language use here: https://americanindian.si.edu/nk360/informational/impact-words-tipsProduced by Mariana Des Forges and edited by Dougal Patmore.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe.We'd love to hear your feedback - you can take part in our podcast survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on.You can also email the podcast directly at ds.hh@historyhit.com. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode, we dive into the latest shakeup on the Plains as Auburn makes two major coaching announcements. DJ Durkin is returning as defensive coordinator after already serving in the role, bringing continuity, familiarity, and a renewed chance to elevate the Tigers' defense. We break down what his return means for Auburn's scheme, culture, and on-field expectations. On the offensive side, an Auburn legend is coming home. Kodi Burns—national champion, fan favorite, and rising coaching talent—has been named associate head coach and co-offensive coordinator. We explore how his energy, experience, and deep Auburn roots could impact recruiting, player development, and the identity of the Tigers' offense. Tune in as we unpack why these moves matter, how they reshape Auburn's trajectory, and what fans should expect heading into the next season. Whether you're a lifelong Tiger or just love keeping up with college football's biggest storylines, this episode has you covered. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, the conversation begins with news of a significant archaeological announcement from Egypt, believed to be associated with new findings in the Great Pyramid of Giza. Next, they discuss new findings about the Silk Road that help better understand the many unknown cities related to this essential early trade route. The team then welcomes Wyoming State Archaeologist Spencer Pelton and Professor Emeritus Robert Kelly, University of Wyoming, to discuss the details of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).  Spencer Pelton became the Wyoming State Archaeologist in November 2019. Spencer has maintained a varied career in government, private, and academic sectors, working in Tennessee, North Carolina, California, Nevada, Colorado, Wyoming, and the Khovsgol Province of northern Mongolia. As a faculty member of the University of Wyoming Department of Anthropology, Spencer places an emphasis on training well-rounded students with a diverse set of knowledge and skills, offering educational opportunities in Plains and Rocky Mountain prehistory, global human dispersal, cultural resource management, archaeological excavation, and evolutionary perspectives in anthropology. Robert L. Kelly is professor emeritus and past department head of anthropology at the University of Wyoming, director of the Frison Institute, president of the Society for American Archaeology, and secretary of the Archaeology Division of the American Anthropological Association. He has authored over 100 articles, reviews, and books, including two archaeology textbooks and The Lifeways of Hunter-Gatherers (Cambridge University Press, 2013). He specializes in the ethnology and archaeology of hunter-gatherers. Since 1973, he has conducted research throughout the western U.S. and Madagascar, and he has lectured in Europe, Asia, and South America. Kelly currently researches caves and high altitude adaptations in Wyoming, as well as the archaeology of ice patches in Glacier National Park. Seven Ages Official Site  Seven Ages Official Merchandise   Instagram  Facebook  Patreon  Seven Ages YouTube       

Auburn Football has officially turned the page with the introduction of new head coach Alex Golesh — and his opening press conference did not disappoint. In this episode, we break down the biggest moments, key takeaways, and early signals about the direction of the program under Golesh's leadership. From his vision for Auburn's future to his immediate priorities and the tone he set on day one, we dive into what his debut at the podium means for the team, the fans, and the season ahead. Whether you're fired up, curious, or cautiously optimistic, this episode unpacks everything you need to know from Golesh's first official appearance on The Plains. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Harry Broad reviews Over Alps and Plains in Cobb's Name by Peter Savage, published by Peter Savage.

Justin and Dan share all of their thoughts on Auburn football's hire of Alex Golesh as its new head coach, less than 24 hours after the end of the season. Topics include:* why it's important to remember where USF was before Golesh arrived* Golesh's work with some of the best-looking offenses in college football* the details of the Veer-and-Shoot system and what sets Golesh apart there* Golesh's Rust Belt football background and how it applies to his offenses* Auburn's pursuit of top target Jon Sumrall, who ended up at Florida* DJ Durkin's chances of staying on as Golesh's defensive coordinator* Kodi Burns and other USF names who could be making the jump to the Plains* how John Cohen's first press conference hinted at a Golesh-like hire* why quarterback play and elite offense have been priorities right now* the bonus of roster retention — and why it's not the biggest deal with a change* what Year 1 under Golesh could look like with the schedule Auburn must face* a look at the Lane Kiffin-to-LSU chaos, Kentucky's late move and… whatever Penn State is doing in this carousel?* Dan asks a question: which Christmas movie would you play 24 straight hours if you owned a cable channel?* Note: Justin misspoke when he said the Christmas sale was $5 or $50. It's 25% off an annual sub, for the 25 days. You get it.If you're receiving this free podcast episode and would like to upgrade to a paid subscription that gives you access to all stories and premium podcast episodes — for our special Christmas discount — subscribe using the button below or clicking this link.Follow Dan (@dnpck) and Justin (@JFergusonAU) on Twitter. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.auburnobserver.com/subscribe

The Auburn Tigers ignite excitement with the high-powered hiring of Alex Golesh, bringing proven offensive firepower to the Plains. With Golesh's track record at Tennessee and USF—where his offenses consistently topped 30 points per game—Auburn fans are asking: could the Tigers' attack become one of the SEC's most explosive next season? Zac Blackerby and Brian Smith examine how Golesh's recruiting acumen, especially in key regions like Florida and Atlanta, could help Auburn secure stars like Cam Coleman and elevate the team's offensive ceiling.The conversation shifts to long-term expectations, roster retention, and the future of Auburn's defense amidst major coaching turnover. Are talents like Jay Crawford and Deuce Knight set to thrive in Golesh's system? Can the Tigers' young defensive line keep the momentum, regardless of staffing changes? All the biggest storylines and what Auburn fans can expect in a rapidly evolving college football landscape, right here!@fbscout_florida On X @LO_ThePortal TikTok @lockedontheportalHelp us by supporting our sponsors!Omaha SteaksSave big on unforgettable gifts with Omaha Steaks. Visit https://OmahaSteaks.com for 50% off site-wide and an extra 20% off select favorites during their Cyber Sale. And for an additional $35 off, use promo code COLLEGE at checkout. Aura FramesFor a limited time, save on the perfect gift by visiting https://AuraFrames.com to get $35 off Aura's best-selling Carver Mat frames - named #1 by Wirecutter - by using promo code COLLEGE at checkout.GametimeToday's episode is brought to you by Gametime. Download the Gametime app, create an account, and use code LOCKEDONCOLLEGE for $20 off your first purchase. Terms and conditions apply.FanDuelToday's episode is brought to you by FanDuel. Football season is around the corner, visit the FanDuel App today and start planning your futures bets now.FANDUEL DISCLAIMER: 21+ in select states. First online real money wager only. Bonus issued as nonwithdrawable free bets that expires in 14 days. Restrictions apply. See terms at sportsbook.fanduel.com. Gambling Problem? Call 1-800-GAMBLER or visit FanDuel.com/RG (CO, IA, MD, MI, NJ, PA, IL, VA, WV), 1-800-NEXT-STEP or text NEXTSTEP to 53342 (AZ), 1-888-789-7777 or visit ccpg.org/chat (CT), 1-800-9-WITH-IT (IN), 1-800-522-4700 (WY, KS) or visit ksgamblinghelp.com (KS), 1-877-770-STOP (LA), 1-877-8-HOPENY or text HOPENY (467369) (NY), TN REDLINE 1-800-889-9789 (TN) Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

In this episode, I break down my initial reactions to Auburn Football's decision to hire Alex Golesh as the program's 33rd head football coach. From his offensive pedigree to what his leadership could mean for Auburn's immediate future, I dive into the opportunities, questions, and excitement surrounding this pivotal hire. Whether you're an Auburn fan hungry for insight or just curious about one of college football's newest coaching moves, this episode sets the stage for what could be a transformative era on The Plains. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Kremlin said on Monday that an American delegation led by special envoy Steve Witkoff would be in Moscow on Tuesday, to meet with Putin to discuss the changes made to the U.S. proposed peace plan. That's following a critical round of diplomacy that happened over the weekend. Rubio said the U.S. and Ukraine made good progress during the meeting on Sunday, but says that Moscow still has to agree to the plans.Tensions between the U.S. and Venezuela are increasing. President Trump says he spoke to President Nicolas Maduro over the phone. The administration has closed Venezuelan airspace, the FAA is warning of heightened military activity. Lawmakers are also demanding answers over reports of follow-up U.S. strikes on alleged drug-smuggling boats.A new winter storm is moving from the Plains toward the Northeast, bringing snow and heavy rain to areas still recovering from last week's blast of snow. Lewis County, New York, could see up to eight inches of snow, with slick roads and low visibility creating hazardous travel conditions. Following the storm, Arctic air will plunge temperatures to the season's lowest levels across central and eastern U.S.

Scott Van Pelt and Stanford Steve recap all of the action from Week 14 of the college football season. The guys start with the big one in Berkeley as Cal ruined SMU's CFP chances. Now, DUKE gets in the ACCCG?! The SEC got shaken up a bit as well, as Texas upset Texas A&M, and Alabama won a thriller on the Plains to set up another Alabama-Georgia SECCG. The Big 12 is straight forward, and all fringe CFP hopefuls will be pulling for the Red Raiders. Furthermore, what to make of Texas, Notre Dame, Miami & Vanderbilt's CFP candidacies. The guys also frequently weigh in on the Lane Kiffin drama as his move to LSU seems imminent. Finally, a Thanksgiving recap, some NFL thoughts, special shoutouts and a special message from the heart. | SVPod Approximate Timecodes: (0:00) Intro (0:52) Duke somehow punches ticket to ACCCG (3:14) Should Lane Kiffin be allowed to coach Ole Miss? (6:17) The fallout of Lane's decision (7:41) Ole Miss-Miss State recap (9:30) Ann Arbor recap (13:00) Ohio State-Michigan recap (23:00) Texas-Texas A&M recap (31:40) The Angel Tree is special (34:37) Ohio State-Indiana will be awesome (38:30) Texas Tech blows out WVU (39:38) Who's in the CFP? (41:20) ACC could get completely left out (44:40) Vanderbilt dominates Tennessee in 2nd half (50:20) Texas' CFP candidacy (52:00) Does Lane become a villain? (59:10) Oregon handles Washington (1:02:30) Iron Bowl recap (1:12:50) Bowl eligible shoutouts (1:12:15) Lots of politicking coming up… (1:16:00) FCS storylines (1:17:20) The story of the day (1:19:00) The Thanksgiving Parade makes no sense (1:20:50) SVP's favorite video (1:22:00) Thanksgiving halftime shows were awesome (1:22:50) Thanksgiving recap (1:25:20) NFL thoughts (1:32:50) Thanks for watching Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In this episode, Carlton sits down with archaeologist Amy Gillaspie to revisit their shared time working with the remarkable Jones-Miller Bison Kill Site collections at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science. They begin by exploring the archaeological significance of Jones-Miller, one of the most important Paleoindian bison kill and processing sites on the Great Plains. Amy discusses the site's history, why it remains foundational to understanding communal hunting practices, and what makes its collection so unique.Together, Carlton and Amy reflect on their experiences working side by side with the Jones-Miller materials, offering insight into what the artifacts reveal about site organization, behavior, and the challenges of interpreting a massive legacy collection.The conversation then turns to the broader importance of revisiting museum collections and how new methods continue to shed light on old data. Amy also shares her thoughts on the future of Paleoindian research, preservation, and why the stewardship of legacy collections, such as those of Jones-Miller, remains essential for advancing Great Plains archaeology.TranscriptsFor rough transcripts of this episode go to https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/great-plains-archaeology/32LinksAmy Gillaspie Team Profile on Archaeology SouthwestScience Division Live: Jones-Miller Collection (YouTube)Science Division Pop-Up: The Jones Miller Collection (YouTube)Jones-Miller Collection on the Denver Museum of Nature & Science websiteWhy Store 41,000 Bison Bones? By Stephen Nash (2023)The Archaeology of the North American Great Plains by Douglas B. Bamforth (2021)Archaeology on the Great Plains Edited by W. Raymond Wood (1998)Carlton's KU Anthropology Faculty BioContactInstagram: @‌pawnee_archaeologistEmail: greatplainsarchpodcast@gmail.comAPNAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliatesMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

What really happened at the Battle of Little Bighorn and how did a single momentous victory seal the fate of the Plains tribes?Join me this week as I dive into the events that led to Custer's defeat, the broken treaties and gold rush that fueled the conflict, and how the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho achieved one of the most decisive Native victories in U.S. history. I also explore how the aftermath reshaped federal policy, public opinion, and the future of the Great Plains.Support the show

This episode of In Stride is sponsored by The Equestrian College Advisor. Navigate the college search with confidence and find the right fit for both academics and riding. Visit equestriancollegeadvisor.com to learn more and book a consultation.  In this episode of “In Stride,” Sinead is joined by eventing legend Karen O'Connor.  Karen O'Connor is one of the most accomplished event riders in U.S. history, having represented the United States at five Olympic Games, three World Equestrian Games, and two Pan American Games. She helped secure team silver at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics and team bronze at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, and she earned both individual and team gold at the 2007 Pan American Games. Alongside her husband, Olympic event rider David O'Connor, she runs O'Connor Equestrian, a renowned training and coaching program based in The Plains, Virginia, and Ocala, Florida.  Karen reflects on her legendary eventing career and the role natural horsemanship has played in shaping successful horse-and-rider partnerships, including:  • How she fell in love with horses as a kid and the early experiences that laid the foundation for her life in the sport  • Her relationship with pressure on the world stage, especially within an Olympic team environment, and how she navigated those situations  • The community and family that grew from merging her business with David's and building O'Connor Eventing together  • Why horsemanship must be a cornerstone of training, and how often these fundamentals are overlooked by many new riders today  Join Karen and Sinead as they dive into the realities behind one of the most influential eventing careers of all time and the timeless principles that continue to guide great riders and great horses. In Stride is brought to you by Ride iQ. Ride iQ helps everyday riders ride with more clarity, confidence, and purpose through on-demand audio lessons from world-class coaches. Members also get weekly live Q&As with equestrian experts, exclusive podcast episodes, dressage test playbooks, and supportive community conversations that make learning feel fun and doable. If you want to give it a try, you can learn more and start your free 14-day trial at Ride-iQ.com⁠. Want straightforward, expert advice on keeping your horse sound and thriving? Dr. Erica Lacher's eight-part program, Horse Health Essentials, is now available, and you can use code POD35 for 35% off. Learn more at RideIQElevate.com/horse-health.

Train Robberies Bring TroublesAd-Free Safe House EditionEpisode 457 continues a three-episode exploration of the infamous Dalton Gang, who terrorize the Plains states near the end of the nineteenth century. In this episode, the gang strikes it rich with a big haul, and some want to retire, but getting out of the country isn't the piece of cake they thought it would be.Hear more WILD WESTERNS!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/true-crime-historian--2909311/support.You can pay more if you want to, but rent at the Safe House is still just a buck a week, and you can get access to over 400 ad-free episodes from the dusty vault, Safe House Exclusives, direct access to the Boss, and whatever personal services you require.We invite you to our other PULPULAR MEDIA podcasts:If disaster is more your jam, check out CATASTROPHIC CALAMITIES, telling the stories of famous and forgotten tragedies of the 19th and 20th centuries. What could go wrong? Everything!For brand-new tales in the old clothes from the golden era of popular literature, give your ears a treat with PULP MAGAZINES with two new stories every week.This episode includes AI-generated content.

AuburnLive.com's Justin Hokanson joins The Next Round to break down all things Auburn Football and the latest developments on the Plains. In this interview, we dive deep into the Auburn QB situation — will it be Deuce Knight or Jackson Arnold starting against Mercer? Justin shares the latest intel on Auburn's coaching search, including the timeline to replace Hugh Freeze, how DJ Durkin factors into the decision, and whether Jon Sumrall could be the guy. We also discuss whether Auburn's next head coach could be asked to retain the current Defensive Coordinator, and what that means for the future of the Tigers' defense. On the hardwood, Justin reacts to Auburn Basketball's close loss to #1 Houston, including Steven Pearl's fiery comment that “moral victories are for losers.” If you love Auburn Football, Auburn recruiting, Auburn coaching search updates, and Auburn Basketball, this is the interview you don't want to miss.

Last time we spoke about the Soviet-Japanese Border Conflict. The border between Soviet Manchuria and Japanese-occupied territories emerges not as a single line but as a mosaic of contested spaces, marks, and memories. A sequence of incidents, skirmishes along the Chaun and Tumen rivers, reconnaissance sorties, and the complex diplomacy of Moscow, Tokyo, and peripheral actors to trace how risk escalated from routine patrols to calibrated leverage. On the ground, terrain functioned as both obstacle and argument: ridges like Changkufeng Hill shaping sightlines, river valleys shaping decisions, and markers weathered by snow, wind, and drift. In command tents, officers translated terrain into doctrine: contingency plans, supply routes, and the precarious calculus of restraint versus escalation. Both nations sought to establish firmer defensive barriers against the other. Inevitably they were destined to clash, but how large that clash would become, nobody knew.   #176 The Changkufeng Incident Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. In the last episode we broke down a general history of the Soviet-Japanese Border Conflict and how it escalated significantly by 1938. Colonel Inada Masazum serving as chief of the 2nd Operations Section within the Operations Bureau in March of 1938 would play a significant role in this story. When the Japanese command's attention was drawn to the area of Changkufeng, consideration was given to the ownership and importance of the disputed high ground. Inada and his operations section turned to an appraisal of the geography. The officers had been impressed by the strategic importance of the Tumen, which served to cut off the hill country from North Korea. In the Changkufeng area, the river was a muddy 600 to 800 meters wide and three to five meters deep. Japanese engineers had described rowing across the stream as "rather difficult."  Russian roads on the left bank were very good, according to Japanese intelligence. Heavy vehicles moved easily; the Maanshan section comprised the Russians' main line of communications in the rear. To haul up troops and materiel, the Russians were obliged to use trucks and ships, for there were no railways apart from a four-kilometer line between the harbor and town of Novokievsk. Near Changkufeng, hardly any roadways were suitable for vehicular traffic. On the right, or Korean, bank of the Tumen, there were only three roads suitable for vehicular traffic, but even these routes became impassable after a day or two of rain. In the sector between Hill 52 to the south and Shachaofeng to the north, the most pronounced eminences were Chiangchunfeng and the humps of Changkufeng. Rocky peaks were characteristically shaped like inverted T's, which meant many dead angles against the crests. The gentle slopes would allow tanks to move but would restrict their speed, as would the ponds and marshes. In general, the terrain was treeless and afforded little cover against aircraft. Against ground observation or fire, corn fields and tall miscanthus grass could provide some shielding. Between Chiangchunfeng and the Tumen, which would have to serve as the main route of Japanese supply, the terrain was particularly sandy and hilly. This rendered foot movement difficult but would reduce the effectiveness of enemy bombs and shells. The high ground east of Khasan afforded bases for fire support directed against the Changkufeng region. Plains characterized the rest of the area on the Soviet side, but occasional streams and swamps could interfere with movement of tanks and trucks. The only towns or villages were Novokievsk, Posyet, Yangomudy, and Khansi. At Kozando there were a dozen houses; at Paksikori, a few. The right bank was farmed mainly by Koreans, whose scattered cottages might have some value for billeting but offered none for cover. On the left bank, the largest hamlets were Fangchuanting, with a population of 480 dwelling in 73 huts, and Yangkuanping, where there were 39 cottages. Shachaofeng was uninhabited. Japanese occupation of Changkufeng would enable observation of the plain stretching east from Posyet Bay, although intelligence made no mention of Soviet naval bases, submarine pens, or airstrips in the immediate area of Posyet, either in existence or being built in 1938. As Inada knew, the Japanese Navy judged that Posyet Bay might have another use, as a site for Japanese landing operations in the event of war. In Russian hands, the high ground would endanger the Korean railway. This line, which started from Najin in northeastern Korea, linked up with the vital system in Manchuria at the town of Tumen and provided a short cut, if not a lifeline, between Japan and the Kwantung Army and Manchuria from across the Sea of Japan. Even from relatively low Changkufeng, six or seven miles of track were exposed to Soviet observation between Hongui and Shikai stations. The port of Najin, with its fortress zone, lay 11 miles southwest; Unggi lay even nearer. It was not the danger of Japanese shelling of Vladivostok, at an incredible range of 80 miles that was at stake but the more realistic hypothesis of Russian shelling of the rail line, and Russian screening of the Soviet side of the border. Hills and questions were thought to have two sides. It was the consensus of Japanese that Changkufeng Hill's potential value to the Russians far outweighed its possible benefits to them, or at least that the Japanese had more to lose if the Russians took the high ground by the Tumen. Inada nurtured few illusions concerning the intrinsic value of the heights. Despite the fact that the high command always had good reasons for quiescence in the north, Inada believed that the latest border difficulty could not be overlooked. By mid-July 1938 Inada's thoughts crystallized. The Japanese would conduct a limited reconnaissance in force known as iryoku teisatsu in the strategic sense. Whereas, at the tactical schoolbook level, this might mean the dispatch of small forces into enemy territory to seek local combat intelligence, at the Imperial General Headquarters level the concept was far more sweeping. There would also be useful evidence of mobilization and other buildup procedures. The affair at Changkufeng was merely a welcome coincidence, something started by the Russians but liable to Japanese exploration. Inada had no intention of seizing territory, of becoming involved in a war of attrition at a remote and minor spot, or of provoking hostilities against the USSR. The Russians would comprehend the nature of the problem, too. If they were interested in interfering seriously with the Japanese, there were numberless better locations to cause trouble along the Manchurian front; those were the places to watch. The cramped Changkufeng sector, described as "narrow like a cat's brow," could too readily be pinched off from Hunchun to render it of strategic value to either side. The bog land to the north interfered with the use of armored forces, while artillery sited on the heights along the Tumen in Korea could as easily control the area as batteries emplaced east of the lake. It was Inada's professional opinion that the Russians could commit three or four infantry divisions there at most, with no mechanized corps—no heavy tanks, in particular. No decisive battle could be waged, although, once the Russians became involved, they might have to cling to the hill out of a sense of honor. The military action would be meaningless even if the Japanese let the Russians have the heights. For their part, the Japanese would ostensibly be fighting to secure the boundary and to hold Changkufeng peak, beyond which they would not move a step onto Soviet soil. There would be no pursuit operations. Troop commitment would be limited to about one division without tank support. Japanese Air Force intervention would be forbidden. Matters would be directed entirely by Imperial General Headquarters working through the Korea Army chain of command and carried out by the local forces. Calm, clear, and dispassionate overall estimates and instructions would be based on materials available only in Tokyo. The command would not allow the Kwantung Army to touch the affair. Inada foresaw that the Japanese government might also seek a settlement through diplomacy. Although border demarcation was desirable and should be sought, the command would not insist on it, nor would it demand permanent occupation of Changkufeng summit. As soon as reconnaissance objectives had been achieved, the local forces would be withdrawn. As Inada described it "In the process, we would have taught the Russians some respect and given them a lesson concerning their repeated, high-handed provocations and intrusions. If a show of force sufficed to facilitate the negotiations and cause the Russians to back down, so much the better; the affair would be over and my point proved." The instrument for carrying out Inada's strategic design appeared to be ideal, the 19th Division, strenuously trained and high-spirited. It could be expected to perform very well if unleashed within defined limits. Colonel Suetaka was just the commander to direct local operations. Since he had been pleading to fight in China, an operation at Changkufeng might prove to be an excellent "safety valve." His staff was full of experienced, fierce warriors eager for battle. Until recently, the Korea Army commanding general had wisely kept the aggressive division away from Changkufeng Hill, but now Imperial general headquarters had its own overriding ideas and needs. How could the Japanese ensure that any military action would remain limited if the Russians chose to respond with vigor? Naturally, one infantry division, without armor or air support, could not withstand all of the Soviet forces in the maritime province. Inada answered that the mission to be assigned the 19th Division was merely the recapture of Changkufeng crest. If the Japanese side had to break off the operation, evacuation would be effected voluntarily and resolutely on Imperial general headquarters responsibility, without considerations of "face." At worst, the Japanese might lose one division, but the affair would be terminated at the Tumen River without fail. "Even so, we ought to be able to prove our theory as well as demonstrate our true strength to the Russians." In case the Soviets opted for more than limited war, the Japanese were still not so overextended in China that they could not alter their strategic disposition of troops. Although the Kwantung Army's six divisions were outnumbered four to one and the Japanese were not desirous of a war at that moment, the first-class forces in Manchuria could make an excellent showing. In addition, the high command possessed armor, heavy artillery, fighters, and bombers, held in check in Manchuria and Korea, as well as reserves in the homeland. There was also the 104th Division, under tight Imperial general headquarters control, in strategic reserve in southern Manchuria. Inada recalled "How would the Russians react? That was the answer I sought. Victory in China depended on it." By mid-July, the high command, at Inada's urging, had worked out a plan titled, "Imperial General headqaurters Essentials for Dealing with the Changkufeng Incident." Tada's telegram of 14 July to Koiso described succinctly the just-decided policy: the central authorities concurred with the Korea Army's opinion regarding the Changkufeng affair, then in embryo. Considering that Changkufeng Hill posed a direct threat to the frontier of Korea, Imperial General headqaurters would immediately urge the foreign ministry to lodge a stern protest. Next day, Tojo sent a telegram stating the Japanese policy of employing diplomacy; whether the Russians should be evicted by force required cautious deliberation in case the USSR did not withdraw voluntarily. On the basis of the guidance received from Imperial General headqaurters, the Korea Army drew up its own plan, "Essentials for Local Direction of the Changkufeng Incident," on 15 July. Intelligence officer Tsuchiya Sakae was sent promptly to the front from Seoul. At the same time, military authorities allowed the press to release news that Soviet troops were constructing positions inside Manchurian territory in an "obvious provocation." The government of Manchukuo was demanding an immediate withdrawal. Even then, those Japanese most closely connected with the handling of the Changkufeng Incident were not in agreement that everybody at command level was as ardent a proponent of reconnaissance in force as Inada claimed to be. Some thought that most, if not all, of his subordinates, youthful and vigorous, were in favor of the notion; others denied the existence of such an idea. Inada remained clear-cut in his own assertions. Everything done by the local Soviet forces, he insisted, must have been effected with the permission of Moscow; it was customary for the USSR not to abandon what it had once started. The Japanese Army never really thought that the Soviet Union would withdraw just as the result of diplomatic approaches. Therefore, from the outset, preparations were made to deal the Russians one decisive blow. Inada had recommended his plan, with its clear restrictions, to his colleagues and superiors; the scheme, he says, was approved 14 July "all the way up the chain of command, through the Army general staff and the ministry of war, with unexpected ease." The only real opposition, Inada recalled, came from the navy, whose staff advised the army operations staff, in all sincerity, to give up the idea of strategic reconnaissance. Inada adhered to his opinion stubbornly. He never forgot the grave look on the face of Captain Kusaka, the UN operations section chief, as the latter gave in reluctantly. The navy view was that the Changkufeng affair typified the army's aggressive policies as opposed to relative passivity on the part of the navy. Like Kusaka, Japanese Navy interviewees shared the fear that Changkufeng might prove to be the most dangerous military confrontation ever to occur between the USSR and Japan. In view of navy objections, one wonders where Inada could have drawn support for his concept of reconnaissance in force. If one accepts the comments contained in a letter from a navy ministry captain, Takagi Sokichi, to Baron Harada Kumao at the beginning of August, in the army and in a portion of the navy there existed "shallow-minded fellows who are apt to take a firm stand in the blind belief that the USSR would not really rise against us, neglecting the fact that the Russians had foreseen our weak points." Takagi also had violent things to say about "white-livered" Gaimusho elements that were playing up to the army. Although Takagi's remarks, expressed in confidence, were sharp, cautious injunctions were being delivered by the high command to the new Korea Army commander, General Nakamura Kotaro, who was about to leave for Seoul to replace Koiso. Nakamura's attitude was crucial for the course and outcome of the Changkufeng Incident. More of a desk soldier than a warrior, he characteristic ally displayed a wariness that was reinforced by the guidance provided him. This personal quality assumes even greater significance if one believes that the Russians may have initiated the Changkufeng Incident by exploiting the special opportunities afforded them by the routine replacement of the Korea Army commander, the temporary absence from Moscow of Ambassador Shigemitsu Mamoru, and the geographical as well as subjective gap between the Kwantung and Korea armies that was exposed during the Lyushkov affair. At 10:00 on 15 July Nakamura was designated army commander by the Emperor at the palace. Soon afterward, he was briefed by Imperial General headquarters officers. Hashimoto, the operations bureau chief, recalled that when he saw Nakamura off on 17 July, Hashimoto stressed prudence, limitation of any military action, and diplomatic solution of the problem. The new commanding general, Inada asserted, promised full cooperation. There was no mention, at this level, of Inada's concept of reconnaissance in force. When Nakamura reached Seoul, he found an Imperial order from Tokyo dated 16 July awaiting him. This important document stipulated that he could concentrate units under his command in Korea near the border against the trespassing Soviet forces in the Changkufeng area. Resort to force, however, was dependent upon further orders. This message was followed by a wire from Kan'in, the Army general staff chief. The Imperial order, it was explained, had been designed to support diplomatic negotiations. Simultaneous approval was granted for concentrating forces to respond swiftly in case the situation deteriorated. As for implementation of the Imperial order, discretion should be exercised in line with the opinion expressed earlier by Korea Army Headquarters. Negotiations were to be conducted in Moscow and Harbin, the location of a Soviet consulate in Manchukuo. Meanwhile, the command was dispatching two officers for purposes of liaison: Lt. Colonel Arisue Yadoru in Operations and Major Kotani Etsuo a specialist in Soviet intelligence. Inada advised Arisue that, apart from liaison flights inside the frontiers, particular care should be exercised with regard to actions that might lead to air combat. Nevertheless, although Inada stated that the Imperial order called for "a sort of military demonstration," he admitted that it meant preparatory action for an attack. The Korea Army senior staff officer, Iwasaki, recalled hearing nothing about secret intentions. Nakamura briefed his staff about the need for restraint, especially during this key period of the Wuhan operation. Koiso had disposed of speculation that he had issued an order to concentrate the 19th Division before Nakamura arrived, although he and Nakamura did have the opportunity to confer in Seoul before he departed for Japan. The Imperial order of 16 July, in response to Koiso's inquiry received in Tokyo on 14 July, had arrived in Seoul addressed to Nakamura; thereupon, the Korea Army chief of staff, Kitano, had the message conveyed to the division. By 21 July Koiso was back in Tokyo where, the day afterward, he advised the war minister, Itagaki, "to act prudently with respect to the Changkufeng problem." Why did the high command dispatch two field-grade liaison officers to Korea from the outset of the Changkufeng Incident? The Korea Army lacked operations staff. Its commander had been allotted prime responsibility, within the chain of command, for defense of northeastern Korea. At the beginning, the highest-ranking staff officer at the front was a major. Since there were no fundamental differences of opinion between the command and the forces in Korea, it was proper to send experts from Tokyo to assist. Imperial General headqaurters would observe the situation carefully, devise measures on the basis of the overall view, and issue orders which the Korea Army would implement through ordinary channels. It had not been the type of incident which required the army commander to go to the front to direct. This was the Korea Army's first test, and political as well as diplomatic problems were involved that the army in the field should not or could not handle. If Tokyo had left decisions to the division and its regiments, the latter would have been held to account, which was not proper. Imperial General headquarters had to assume responsibility and reassure local commanders of its full support. Imaoka Yutaka explained that operational guidance by Imperial General headquarters and line operations conducted by the 19th Division formed the core of the affair; the Korea Army, placed between, was "shadowy." Koiso had not been enthusiastic; this set the mood among the staff. Nakamura, who arrived with a thorough comprehension of AGS thinking, was basically passive. The Korea Army staff, in general, included no "wild boars."    There was an urgent need to monitor developments. Not only was the Korea Army unfamiliar with handling this type of incident, but many hitches occurred. There had been no practice in emergency transmission of coded wires between the Korea Army and Tokyo. Now telegram after telegram had to be sent; most were deciphered incorrectly and many were not decoded at all. Another problem centered on the lack of knowledge in Tokyo about the situation on the spot, which only visual observation could rectify. As a result, the two Army general staff experts, Arisue and Kotani, arrived in Korea on 16 July. Kotani recalled that he was to collect intelligence and assist the local authorities. One of the first duties that he and Arisue performed was to disseminate the principle that use of force required a prior Imperial order. Also on 16 July, Japanese newspapers reported that the USSR was still concentrating troops, that the Manchukuoan government was watching intently, "decisive punitive measures" were being contemplated by the Japanese-Manchukuoan authorities, and there were signs of a worsening of the crisis. Despite good reasons for this gloomy appraisal, the Japanese press had not yet given the incident page-one treatment. More alarming news was being disseminated abroad. Domei, the official Japanese news agency, reported that the situation would probably become worse unless Soviet troops were withdrawn. The position of the Japanese government impressed foreign correspondents as unusually firm. Informants characterized the Changkufeng Incident as the most serious affair since the clash on the Amur River in 1937. Irked by the Korea Army's timidity and eager for first-hand information, the Kwantung Army dispatched two observers to the front: from Intelligence, Ogoshi Kenji, and from Operations, Tsuji Masanobu. If you listen to my pacific war week by week podcast or echoes of war, you know I highlight Tsuji Masanobu as one of the most evil Japanese officers of WW2. No other way to describe this guy, he was a shithead. In his memoirs, Tsuji asserted that he and Ogoshi climbed Changkufeng Hill, discerned Soviet soldiers digging across the peak in Manchurian territory, and concluded that "probably even Tokyo could not overlook such a clear-cut case of invasion." Although his account aligned with the general thrust, Ogoshi contended that Tsuji could not have accompanied him. According to sources with the 19th Division, when Koiso learned that Tsuji and Ogoshi were disparaging the Korea Army's ability to defend Changkufeng, he ordered "those spies" ousted. Ogoshi replied that the army staff was not angry, but Koiso did become furious and ordered Ogoshi "arrested for trespassing." Ogoshi surmised that Koiso's concern was that emotional outsiders such as Tsuji could provoke trouble, perhaps even war, if they visited Changkufeng. This view was widely shared. Inada stated that he made a practice of keeping away to maintain the degree of detachment and impartiality required of high command authorities. One sidelight to the "fraternal" visit to the Changkufeng area by observers from Hsinking was provided by Lt. Colonel Katakura Tadashi, chief of the Kwantung Army's 4th Section, which handled Manchukuo affairs, primarily political direction. When Katakura visited the Operations Section, Tsuji and Ogoshi told him that an intrusion had been confirmed and that the Kwantung Army staff was studying ways to evict the Soviets. Katakura consulted Maj. General Ishiwara Kanji, acting chief of staff, who was already in possession of the draft of an operations order calling for offensive preparations by the Kwantung Army against the Russians at Changkufeng. Katakura asked for reconsideration of the order. This was not a matter to be handled solely by the operations staff. Borders and international affairs were involved; hence the 4th Section, along with the Manchukuoan government, the Gaimusho, and other agencies, were concerned. Field observers were expressing exaggerated personal opinions based on having seen Soviet sentries on a hilltop. If the matter fell within the Korea Army's defensive prerogative, that army ought to handle it. Apparently the Kwantung Army commander and Ishiwara agreed with Katakura, for the draft order was not approved. The so-called private message dispatched by a Kwantung Army staff officer just before Koiso's departure may have been provoked by this rejection of direct participation by forces under Kwantung Army command. Staff officers in Tokyo believed that Hsinking could not see the forest for the trees. In the high command's view, the Kwantung Army's deliberate escalation of a negligible frontier incident undoubtedly stemmed from a failure to grasp the strategic requirements of national defense—pursuit of the campaign in China, the nurturance of Manchukuo, and the buildup of operational readiness for the ultimate solution of the Soviet problem. The high command felt obliged to remind the Kwantung Army that, in dealing with the Changkufeng Incident, the central authorities pressed for a Russian pullback through diplomacy. Consequently, the Korea Army had been instructed to be ready to concentrate troops near Changkufeng as a "background." Meanwhile, it remained the Imperial will that utmost prudence be exercised. The Kwantung Army commander accordingly issued cautious instructions to subordinate units, especially those on the eastern border. The high command's injunctions did not end the discontent and recrimination at the lower levels of Kwantung Army Headquarters, nor did they quiet the concern felt in Tokyo. A former war minister told Baron Harada repeatedly in late July that the Kwantung Army was "no good," while the superintendent of police added that the Kwantung Army was embarrassing Foreign Minister Ugaki. Nevertheless, the Kwantung Army did exert self-restraint. For its part, the Korea Army naïvely sought to achieve entente with an antagonist who considered the case nonnegotiable. First, the government of Manchukuo was asked to lodge a formal protest with the USSR. The commissioner for foreign affairs at Harbin phoned V. V. Kuznetzov, the acting consul, on the night of 14 July and saw him on the 18th. Basing its contentions on maps, the Haensing regime demanded Soviet withdrawal from Changkufeng. The Japanese government was lodging similar protests within the framework of Japanese-Manchukuoan joint defense agreements. On the spot, the situation inflamed. During the afternoon of 15 July, a Japanese military police patrol from Korea reconnoitered at the foot of Hill 52, southeast of Changkufeng. The party came under Soviet gunfire and was driven back, abandoning the body of Corp. Matsushima Shakuni. Japanese sources claimed that a Russian ambush had been set inside Manchuria. The Russian side insisted that it was the Soviet frontier that had been violated by thirty meters. Kuzma Grebennik, the colonel commanding the 59th BGU, which covered the Posyet sector, asserted that Matsushima's effects included a notebook containing reconnaissance results and a camera with film of Soviet-claimed terrain, particularly Changkufeng Hill. According to Maj. Gilfan Batarshin, a subordinate of Grebennik, two Russian border guards from Podgornaya opened fire when the Japanese fled after being challenged. Japanese protests to the USSR about the death of Matsushima and the taking of his body were added to the negotiations concerning the disputed border and the alleged trespassing. Charge Nishi Haruhiko lodged a vigorous complaint in Moscow on 15 July but was answered by a counterprotest. Ambassador Shigemitsu underwent an identical experience during a conversation with Foreign Commissar Maxim Litvinov on 20 July. Shigemitsu retorted that the murder tended to exacerbate the negotiations. In his memoirs, he stated that the killing of Matsushima provoked the local Japanese border garrison unit. The shooting occurred as the Soviet military buildup continued, according to Japanese sources. Mechanized units were reported moving in the direction of Kyonghun from Barabash and Posyet Bay. Biplanes were reconnoitering the Hunchun Valley, within Manchurian territory, from the afternoon of 16 July. To the local Japanese authorities, it seemed that the Russians were adopting a challenging attitude. Although the Japanese-Manchukuoan side remained willing to negotiate—that is, to take no forceful actions if the Russians would withdraw, the latter appeared not to share such an intention. The Soviets were not only misinterpreting the Hunchun treaty to their advantage but were encroaching beyond what they claimed to be the line; they "lacked sincerity." Decisive use of force might have been imperative to secure the Manchurian border, which was Japan's legal responsibility. As far north as Tungning on the eastern Manchurian frontier, two Soviet ground divisions and considerable numbers of tanks and aircraft were reported massed in full view. At Changkufeng, Russian soldiers fortified the crest. Mountain guns were now seen with muzzles pointed toward Manchuria, and Japanese intelligence estimated that Soviet troop strength near Changkufeng had grown to 120 or 130 by the evening of 18 July. As Sawamoto Rikichiro, an Imperial aide, noted in his diary, "It would seem that settlement of the affair had become increasingly difficult." Korea Army staff officer Tsuchiya sent two emissaries bearing the notice to the Soviet border. The pair, "blazing with patriotic ardor,"set out on 18 July, carrying a message in one hand and a white flag in the other. From Kyonghun came the report the next day that there had been an urgent, well-attended Soviet staff meeting at BGU Headquarters in Novokievsk all night, and that the Russian side had been discomfited by the Japanese request, which had been transmitted to higher authorities. Still, the emissaries did not return, while a stream of reports indicated a Soviet buildup along a dozen frontier sectors. Russian authorities had reportedly forced the natives to evacuate an area twenty miles behind their borders. From Japanese observation posts, Soviet convoys of men, guns, and horses could be sighted moving toward Novokievsk after being unloaded from transports originating at Vladivostok. Japanese Army Intelligence reported that on 18 July a regimental-size force had arrived at Novokievsk; artillery displacements forward were particularly visible by night east of Khasan. A confidential Gaimusho message indicated that Soviet truck movements between Posyet, Novokievsk, and the front had increased since the 20th. Russian intrusions, kidnappings, and sniping incidents were reported along the Manchurian borders, from Manchouli on the west to Suifenho on the east, between 18 and 25 July. Aircraft on daytime reconnaissance were detected as far as three miles inside Manchurian territory in the Hunchun area. Although the Japanese asserted that their forbearance was being tested, Izvestiya charged "Japanese militarists" with manufacturing an affair at Ussuri as well as at Changkufeng. The Japanese themselves received reports from the Changkufeng front that by 20 July the Soviets had 250 soldiers, armed with field pieces, trench mortars, howitzers, and light and heavy machine guns, on the southern slopes. The Russians were putting up tents capable of holding 40 men each; officers could be observed for the first time. On the evening of the 20th, the Soviets lobbed illuminating shells toward Manchurian territory. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Inada Masazum, studying maps and mud, saw Changkufeng Hill as a prize with peril, a test of nerve rather than a conquest. Tokyo's orders pulsed through Seoul and Harbin: guard, probe, and deter, but avoid full-scale war. Across the border, Soviet units pressed closer, lights and tents flickering on the hillside. The sea within sight whispered of strategy, diplomacy, and a warning: a single misstep could redraw Asia. And so the standoff waited, patient as winter.

From Law To OutlawJUMP TO AD-FREE SAFE HOUSE EDITIONWith Deep-Dive Research and Episode Transcripts For Rent-Paying ScoundrelsEpisode 456 begins a three-episode exploration of the infamous Dalton Gang, who terrorize the Plains states near the end of the nineteenth century. Part One, From Law To Outlaw, tells how Bob Dalton and his brother Gratton made the great fall from grace, from U.S. Marshals to bandits on the run from a posse. Culled from the book “Beyond The Law” by Emmett Dalton, the youngest member of the gang.Listen to more WILD WESTERNS!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/true-crime-historian--2909311/support.You can pay more if you want to, but rent at the Safe House is still just a buck a week, and you can get access to over 400 ad-free episodes from the dusty vault, Safe House Exclusives, direct access to the Boss, and whatever personal services you require.We invite you to our other PULPULAR MEDIA podcasts:If disaster is more your jam, check out CATASTROPHIC CALAMITIES, telling the stories of famous and forgotten tragedies of the 19th and 20th centuries. What could go wrong? Everything!For brand-new tales in the old clothes from the golden era of popular literature, give your ears a treat with PULP MAGAZINES with two new stories every week.This episode includes AI-generated content.