Take as Directed

For Helen Branswell, the celebrated Stat News reporter, the SARS outbreak of 2003, while she was based in Toronto, was a thunderclap moment. Jump forward 22 years: Secretary Kennedy on May 28, posted a one-minute video on X announcing he is not recommending Covid vaccines for healthy children and pregnant women -- an “unprecedented” unilateral decision without any normal process. “It came out of the mind of the individuals who wrote it.” What does this bold step signal?  The public is voting with its feet in the low uptake of Covid vaccines by the older and more vulnerable population. Yet it is not clear why the government has to take active measures to make vaccines less available to healthy individuals. CDC should play a lead role in deliberations but is cut out. The CDC director position is vacant, and no acting director is in place.  Will vaccine producers need to run new field trials for updated boosters? “They (the Trump administration) have been quite unclear in what they are asking for.”127 days into the second Trump administration, how to characterize things?  “I would characterize it as exhausting.”  “The change has been massive, and it is not over.”  What gives you hope? “That is a very hard question.” 

In this episode, Dr. Kate O'Brien, Director of the Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals at the World Health Organization (WHO) shares her perspective on the state of global immunization programs halfway through Immunization Agenda 2030; the challenges associated with current measles outbreaks in the United States and around the world; why people who have never seen children die from preventable diseases may seem complacent about vaccines; steps that can be taken to strengthen vaccine confidence while ensuring equitable access to immunization programs; and what's at risk as the United States and other funders cut support for biomedical research and development at a moment when there are numerous promising products to prevent infectious diseases in the research and development pipeline.

“I studied hard. Hated the lab, loved the field.”  Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove, Acting Director, WHO Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Threat Management, reveals her early, personal passions as a student of epidemiology. After a stint as a young PhD investigator in Cambodia, she was “desperate to work at WHO. I wanted a seat at the table.” As the technical lead at WHO during the Covid-19 outbreak in early 2020, she spoke at hundreds of press conferences, duly tracked by her mother. The value proposition for WHO? To help governments prepare for emerging biothreats, detect and rapidly share information on outbreaks, and convene the world's experts to produce guidance. “In my wildest dreams, I did not expect the politicization of Covid throughout the past five years.” WHO's recent dramatic restructuring will better focus WHO on its core functions, as its two-year budget drops from $6.8 billion to $4.2 billion. As the United States withdrew in January from WHO, it stopped its funding and ceased technical and scientific exchanges. “Since January, U.S. government officials have been instructed not to talk to us.” That is unprecedented and dangerous: “If American expertise is not at the table, there is a gap.” It puts Americans at-risk. Her conclusion: “Restore that link immediately.” 

Dr. Margaret (Peggy) Hamburg, former FDA Commissioner, describes the profound impact the HIV epidemic has had on her personally and in terms of her career choices. She discovered in her six years as FDA Commissioner how vitally important FDA is to the safety and protection of Americans, at home and abroad. FDA has oversight responsibility for fully 20% of the American economy. She is  deeply worried at the level of destruction visited upon FDA recently, but cautions that it is critical to wait until the dust has settled. “Corporate capture” of FDA has been an issue for a long time, tied to user fees and industry participation on advisory panels. What is most important is to engage the right expertise and experience, with effective guardrails. The Trump administration has instructed FDA to expand overseas unannounced inspections, expedite the creation of a centralized AI platform across all FDA units, and lower the barriers to the pharmaceutical industry building new facilities on US soil. In each of these ambitious goals, a step-by-step approach is needed, along with attention to the “disconnect” between big, new goals versus uncertain, or declining FDA capabilities in staff, financing, and dedicated offices. She is very concerned at the worsening threat to vaccines and the need somehow to earn back public trust. The same is true for the U.S. “biomedical research and innovation enterprise”—the envy of the world—that has been struck by a “wrecking ball.”

Dr. Jennifer Kates, SVP and Director, Global Health and HIV Policy Program, KFF, provides a tour d'horizon of how global health and health security look at day #98 of the Trump revolution. “The DOGE factor was not on my bingo card,” as it became the battering ram decimating institutions, programs, budgets and staff, far beyond what was environed in Project 2025. It went against what many Republicans favor—just look at the recent dismantling of the Millennium Challenge Corporation. The desire to vanquish likely emanates from the White House OMB. As the budget process, including recissions, advances, the power dynamic may shift to Congress. It may become possible to think about new ways to do foreign assistance. There will be no restoration of the status quo ante. It requires fresh thinking and clear principles, and most importantly, new forms of leadership. 

In the twelfth episode of The CommonHealth Live! which falls during World Immunization Week, Katherine E. Bliss talks with Dr. Adam Ratner, a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases and author of Booster Shots: The Urgent Lessons of Measles and the Uncertain Future of Children's Health, and Dr. Ephrem T. Lemango, Associate Director of Immunization at UNICEF, about measles outbreaks in the United States and abroad; how to bolster measles vaccination coverage in a period of reduced financing for domestic and global programs; and why routine immunization programs are critical to global health security.

In the eleventh episode of The CommonHealth Live! Katherine E. Bliss talks with the Republic of Indonesia's Minister of Health, H.E. Budi Gunadi Sadikin, about Indonesia's experience expanding routine immunization coverage and prioritizing attention to non-communicable diseases, as well as how public-private sector collaboration can help ensure sustainable access to health services, including primary health care.

Dr. Stephanie Psaki—a newly minted CSIS Senior Adviser—shares the story of her personal evolution as a scholar, NGO policy data expert, senior political appointee at the HHS Office of Global Affairs and the White House National Security Council, and now faculty at Brown University School of Public Health. She reflects on the lessons, good and bad, from her 900 days at the White House, and what the first 100 days of the Trump second term reveal, in particular how science has become politicized. We are seeing a “a huge departure from the role the United States has played for decades.” While the Mpox outbreak in both Europe and the United States (2022-2023) had a promising outcome, the ongoing outbreak in central Africa (which began in 2023) leave many uncomfortable, unanswered questions of why leadership, coordination, finance and speed remain so problematic. The surprise, recent completion of the Pandemic Treaty is encouraging, up to a point. As we turn inevitably to chart a vision for the future, we will have to think in fundamentally different ways about the different world we now occupy. 

Major General Paul Friedrichs (ret.), the inaugural director of the White House Office of Pandemic Preparedness and Response Policy (OPPR), is now a Senior Adviser at CSIS. In this conversation, Paul reviews the multiple changes in health security now unfolding in the first 100 days of the second Trump term. In biodefense, there is a wide-ranging degradation across different departments and agencies. The assault on the scientific research enterprise is leading to a retrenchment of innovation and US leadership in generating new technologies. That will lower our ability to subdue deliberate biological threats, rising accidental lab leaks, and the continued proliferation of naturally occurring biothreats. Resilience in America's health infrastructure remains an open question, with shortages of 20,000-30,000 physicians and 300,000 nurses. Where does this all leave us? “It is as if you took all the health security plans of the past administration and asked: what can we do to make this country more vulnerable?” And what are we likely to see as early manifestations? Shortages of pharmaceuticals, higher prices, higher external dependence, especially upon China. Give a listen to hear more, including on the state of the two dangerous outbreaks in America—measles and avian flu (H5N1).

Dr. Tom Frieden, Resolve to Save Lives (CDC Director 2009-2017,) details the dangerous implications of deep changes underway at CDC—on tobacco, environmental toxins, and communications. It is no less dangerous that CDC should only focus on infectious diseases and not be focused on global threats. What explains CDC's exceptional vulnerability to attacks and the deep skepticism towards CDC? What to make of the Administration for a Healthy America (AHA) advanced by HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.? What of the Trump administration response to the measles outbreak in Texas, New Mexico, and beyond?

Tom Bollyky, CFR, walks us through his recent incisive work on two fronts. First, will China supplant US leadership in global health in the wake of the U.S. retreat? Listen to learn why the answer is a definitive "No!" and the dangers that foretells. Second, what might the U.S. exit mean for Latin America? 

Dr. Katelyn Jetelina joins us at the fifth anniversary of the newsletter she has spearheaded,Your Local Epidemiologist (YLE). “An incredibly wild ride,” YLE reaches 370,000 subscribers, while social media accounts reach 700,000. To cross the political divide, we need to listen more, be more selective in the choice of words. The YLE operation now includes a team of 15 managing the newsletter, podcasts, speaking engagements, and social media—and trusted messengers. She's joined Dean Megan Ranney at the Yale School of Public Health focused on social listening and upgrading communications. Two months plus into the Trump second term, have we rebounded back to mistakes and abuses allegedly committed during Covid-19? It has become a “proxy war” of multiple societal battles and “pandemic revisionism.” Is there a path out of this widening polarization? Perhaps, but “we're going to have to move backward in order to move forward.” Secretary RFK Jr.'s ideas on chronic diseases are promising; it remains to be seen how far he can go, and how progress there measures up against what damage is imposed on vaccines. Her biggest worry? Erosion of the public health workforce. 

Dr. Jeffrey Gold, President of the University of Nebraska system, testified recently before the House Committee on Veteran Affairs Health Subcommittee on plans to replace a 1950 VA hospital with a hospital on the university grounds, with projected savings of half a billion dollars. Since the Trump administration began two months ago, it has been “a day-by-day, week-by-week course adjustment,” featuring ongoing court deliberations, cuts to programs, and the rollout of tariffs, amid great uncertainty. Anxiety has risen due to the unusual speed of change, which has permitted little time to prepare. In the meantime, the decline in the price of corn and soy jeopardizes the economy. The university system and hospitals account for 8.5-9% of the state's GDP, the highest level per capita in the country. They also depend on $700 million of extramurally funded research. For the past nine years, Dr. Gold has led the highly successful weekly cable broadcast, ‘Rural Health Matters' on Monday nights on RFD TV. Its mandate is to create awareness among farmers and ranchers, reaching over 15 million households, of the most impactful health matters. 

Politico's global health correspondent Carmen Paun offers her insights into the White House decision on March 13 to withdraw the nomination of David Weldon to be the next Director of CDC. CDC, while vulnerable, has not seemed to be a priority target of the Trump White House, though it is “not totally out of the woods” and is proceeding cautiously in Texas in response to the measles outbreak. There may be factors shaping the Trump White House decisionmaking that we do not yet see or understand. Carmen shares her reflections on how it is possible that USAID could be so swiftly annihilated. The foreign aid constituency is weak. “We are witnessing a whole new world.” “The initial reaction was paralysis and fear.” “We still do not know what will be left of USAID.” “New things arise from shocks and crises.” Carmen closes with the implications of the U.S. withdrawing from WHO. 

In a special crossover episode with CSIS's The Truth of the Matter, Andrew Schwartz and Steve discuss the recent measles outbreak and risks associate with it.  The United States is experiencing the worst measles outbreak in 30 years and the highest rate of contraction in the past six years after nearly eradicating the disease. Cases have surged in communities with low immunization coverage, raising concerns about further transmission. Hospitals are reporting an increase in severe cases, particularly among young children and immunocompromised individuals. Experts urge immediate action, emphasizing that vaccination remains the most effective defense against the highly contagious virus. 

Dr. Elizabeth (Beth) Cameron, Professor, Brown University, and former senior official in global health security and biodefense at the White House and USAID, kindly shares her thoughts on the radical changes unfolding inside the U.S. government surrounding biothreats. Two internal factions within the Trump administration vie with one another. “It's a bleak picture” in the accumulating damage to the federal workforce, programs, and the protective shield inside and outside our borders. Elon Musk alleges USAID is producing bioweapons, a patent lie. “It's preposterous” and “dangerous.” More responsibilities will now fall to governors. What to make of the Trump administration's recent $1B announcement on H5N1 to assist the poultry industry, and its decision to revisit the $590m contract with Moderna for a mRNA human vaccine for H5N1? We don't know much on what is going to happen in Congress and DOD. And when emergency crises will strike next. Where to find hope? Our civil servants. 

Dr. Vanessa Kerry, founder of Seed Global Health, Associate Professor, Harvard School of Medicine, and since June 2023 the WHO Director-General's Special Envoy on Climate Change and Health, joined The CommonHealth to unpack her recent article ‘Health is a Cornerstone of Global Security,' published February 14 in Foreign Policy. In it, she argues the need to rethink health as the first line of defense, with a heavy emphasis on economics, equity, and migration. We need to broaden the definition of the health security agenda; introduce health metrics into any discussion of economic growth; see health as an investment with high returns—a growing sector of national economies, in job creation, markets, and a larger tax base; and focus on finance e.g. special drawing rights, social bonds, and swaps. At the same time we need to engage internationally through strong moral leadership and humane policies, and upgrade our communications in an apolitical, non-partisan way that people see, understand, and feel. It is imperative to create opportunity in America that starts with protecting people's health and well-being, and to create a new pathway, built on humility, to pull us out of the current confusing moment of crisis surrounding foreign aid. 

In the eighth episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, J. Stephen Morrison sits down with Loyce Pace, Assistant Secretary for Global Affairs at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Assistant Secretary Pace discusses the newly released HHS Global Strategy and its implications for U.S. climate and health policy. 

Dr. Elizabeth (Betsy) Bradley, President of Vassar College, shares her thoughts on the fusillade of Executive Orders signed by President Trump directed at educational institutions, including the apparent special animus toward elite private institutions. In this moment of heightened scrutiny across multiple fronts, the first step is to circle back to core values and the return on investment, to communicate strategy better beyond campus to the broader community, including elected officials of all persuasions, and to spotlight jobs and financial and other vital contributions. The threat of a dramatic increase in taxes on endowments, as part of a Congressional reconciliation measure this spring, “would definitely deal a blow.” Anti-foreigner rhetoric is having a “chilling effect” on recruitment and retention of international students. “Ambidextrous leadership” is essential: be proactive, have the data you need, don't overreact, and be ready to act quickly when needed. 

Apoorva Mandavilli, the award-winning New York Times science and global health reporter, is on the front lines of several fast-breaking stories. “We should be worried” about the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). It was “already on the chopping block” before the hugely disruptive Trump pause on national grants and contracts. Secretary Rubio did issue a waiver, but there has been no follow-up clarification. PEPFAR remains in peril. Many bad things happen rapidly when a sensitive, complex program of this scale is disrupted. “The virus comes roaring back.” Though Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s confirmation hearing to be HHS Secretary appears inconclusive, Apoorva was “not expecting the level of fireworks.” RFK Jr. was “damned by his own history” of false statements on vaccines, which “haunted him.” U.S. withdrawal from WHO is bad news for Americans in several concrete ways that will harm U.S. national interests. She has brought to our attention that scientists believe we have entered a new, far more dangerous phase in the evolution of the H5N1 threat, while the U.S. response remains woeful. 

The renowned expert on vaccine confidence, Dr. Heidi Larson, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, explains why there has been a precipitous escalation in the past four years, especially among 18-24 year-olds, of vaccine skepticism and resistance. During Covid-19, “everybody got vaccinated,” everyone was exposed to the “digital swarm,” the “wildfire” on social media of mis- and dis-information regarding vaccines. Antivaccine groups amalgamated and rose in power. Public health officials were hesitant to compete on social media. Young parents were unhappy with public health sources of information and looked elsewhere. RFK Jr., his Children's Health Defense, and the affiliated Informed Consent Action Network (ICAN), have had “massive, massive influence” as amplifiers of doubt and fear of vaccines. What to do? There is an urgent need to engage young leaders, increase public health communications budgets and change their practices and outlook, mobilize local communities, and create new communications partnerships. It requires a “huge effort.” 

Since the start of her tenure in July 2023, Dr. Mandy Cohen, Director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), has pursued several reforms intended to make CDC a stronger, nimbler agency better able to protect Americans from domestic and global public health threats and rebuild trust. She is joined in conversation with former Senator Richard Burr, Co-Chair of the CSIS Bipartisan Alliance for Global Health Security and Principal Policy Advisor and Chair, Health Policy Strategic Consulting Practice, DLA Piper, and J. Stephen Morrison, CSIS Senior Vice President and Director, Global Health Policy Center. They discuss the agency's achievements, what has worked and not worked, the core challenges that persist, and how to best position the agency to sustain progress in 2025.

In the tenth episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, Katherine E. Bliss will sit down with Stacy Aguilera-Peterson, Deputy Director for Research, U.S. Global Climate Change Research Program, White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Josh Glasser, Assistant Director for Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance & Integrated Health Innovation (One Health), White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.  The discussion will focus on how the Biden administration has sought to define the relationship between climate change and health, the extent to which climate-related impacts on health can be seen as threats to national security, and opportunities for stakeholders in research, program implementation, service delivery, and the private sector to collaborate with U.S. government agencies and international partners on addressing global challenges at the intersection of climate change and health.  This event is made possible by the generous support of the Wellcome Trust and GSK.​​​

In the ninth episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, J. Stephen Morrison will sit down with Rahul Gupta, Director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy.  Dr. Gupta will discuss the surprising 15 percent decline in overdose deaths in 2024, 70 percent of which are caused by fentanyl overdose, and what factors are driving this change. He will discuss measures taken nationally on treatment access and internationally on interdiction and related measures to reduce the flow of fentanyl. What more needs to be done to sustain progress and save more American lives? 

Dan Diamond, the national health reporter at the Washington Post, reflects on the shock of both United Health executive Brian Thompson's tragic murder and the subsequent tsunami of anger and glee on social media. We've entered “a staggering moment” that does not feel real, but nonetheless reveals the remarkable depth of discontent with the American health system, in particular insurers. “Everything feels grey to me.” This moment is grounded in the collapse of trust, including trust in the media. United Health, America's fourth largest firm, and the most powerful firm in the health sector, inevitably attracts—and will continue to attract—tough scrutiny and enduring questions over why the U.S. health system is so dysfunctional. This week Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. ventures to the Senate, where many Senate members simply do not know what to make of him. He has issued so many different statements on so many topics at different times to different audiences. While RFK Jr.'s vaccine positions will get the greatest play and are likely to remain a red line for Democrats, his pivot to chronic disease prevention and healthy food has rallied many to his side. Perhaps DOGE will be a vehicle for introducing progressive and budget reform ideas into the Republican Party in a new way. Will there be progress in changing the seasonal clock in America, a lighter, perennial topic? Probably not. There “is not a real path forward.”

Sheryl Gay Stolberg, the NYT health correspondent, feels her decades of health and political reporting prepare her well for understanding this remarkable moment in American history. Anger and alienation against the health sector and science are surging, drawing both on historical roots and current dynamics. Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. nominated to be HHS Secretary, taps into a profound mistrust that he has indeed stoked, aided by the platform Covid gave him to mobilize “vaccine resisters.” RFK Jr's nomination has several advantages, including his pivot to prevention, the root causes of chronic diseases, processed foods, and declining life expectancy. He has moved past the extremes (heroin addiction, sexual patterns, conspiracies) to claim redemption and resilience. He appeals to populist dissatisfaction with “regulatory capture” by big pharma and big food.  Opposition can be loud. Mike Bloomberg has declared RFK Jr. “beyond dangerous, “medical malpractice on a mass scale.” Scott Gottlieb, AEI, has issued similarly scathing statements. Opposition can be muted. While there is “terror” among industry, public health, academic centers, opponents are cautious, out of fear of retaliation. Jay Bhattacharya, Stanford, nominated to lead NIH, and others critics of the Biden administration feel they were marginalized during Covid and treated unfairly. “I think it is important that we engage with people on their ideas.”  

How do we explain the peril that global health faces? Covid and the post-Covid backlash. The Biden years' “status quo” approach. Less support in Europe. Excessive debt in Africa. The generational shift in Congress and aging of the flagship programs: “Time has passed.” “We never really dealt with PEPFAR's treatment mortgage.” Dealing with the conservative critique of US global health funding Is essential to revitalize bipartisanship. 2025 could be rocky, should resources shrink. “We need to be creative, and realistic.” What should we make of the emerging Trump leadership team, most significantly, Senator Rubio, Elise Stefanik, RFK Jr., and Jay Bhattacharya?

In the sixth episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, Katherine E. Bliss will sit down with Dr. Hanan Balkhy, WHO Regional Director for the Eastern Mediterranean. Dr. Balkhy will speak to her evolving vision for the region, encompassing EMRO's multiple complex humanitarian operations—in Gaza, Yemen, Afghanistan, Libya, and beyond. She will also reflect on the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance and what may come out of the UN High-Level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) to be held on the margins of the UN General Assembly on September 26. This event is made possible through the generous support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. 

In the seventh episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, Katherine E. Bliss will sit down with Dr. John Balbus, Director of the Office of Climate Change and Health Equity at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dr. Balbus will speak about the foundation of his office in 2021, the work it has engaged in so far, lessons learned, and his vision for the future.  This event is made possible by the generous support of the Wellcome Trust and GSK​​​

Javier Guzman, Center for Global Development debriefs on the High Level Meeting on Anti-Microbial Resistance held in New York City on September 26. Successes took several forms: significant new data, analyses, and projections; a political declaration committed to the creation of a scientific panel; elevation of equity of access and accountability; a target to reduce deaths by 10% by 2030; and agreement to convene again in 5 years. The panel has to be seen as a joint enterprise between the north and south. Emerging economies are getting more engaged. There are serious reservations among many countries that are heavily dependent on animal production. We do not have much visibility into what is happening in China. Data remains elusive. The $100m target of national governments commitment is “a drop in the ocean.” There is an urgent need for creative, large-scale financing and plans to bring to scale access to AMR technology. Countries themselves have to take control and commit. 

Dr. Michael Osterholm unpacks the history of H5N1, as we struggle with the question of whether the current H5N1 outbreak may pose a grave threat of a human-to-human pandemic. "It's possible that H5N1 may never get over the bar for human disease and we don't know why.” He also speaks to what we are likely to face in the months ahead from the mpox clade 1b outbreak, centered in Africa. 

Nidhi Bouri, DAA at USAID Bureau for Global Health, joined us to speak to the U.S. response to the dangerous mpox outbreak (clade 1b) centered in the Democratic Republic of Congo, boosted by President Biden's commitment at UNGA to $500m in support, including 1 million vaccine doses. Much better data is urgently needed on the needs for diagnostics and vaccines. Tensions remain high among Africa CDC, WHO, and other key institutions with proven response capability, most notably Gavi, UNICEF and the Global Fund. Much is not known about modes of transmission, and the durability and efficacy of the Jynneos vaccine for clade 1b. As the virus inevitably lands in the United States, communications will be critical. Some important progress was seen in the High Level Meeting on anti-microbial resistance. The Marburg outbreak in Rwanda is of acute concern for multiple reasons: no vaccine, little testing, little knowledge of the pattern of spread. It is crunch time, as multiple replenishments converge. “Let's be clear, there is not enough money.”

Dr. Jerome Adams authored his 2023 memoire, Crisis and Chaos: Lessons from the Front Lines of the War Against COVID-19. In it, he reflects on his upbringing in southern Maryland and the acute “hurting” among many citizens, rural and poor, dissatisfied with the status quo. Profoundly impactful to his tenure as Indiana State Health Commissioner was managing the opioid, Hepatitis C, and HIV outbreaks in Scott County, IN. As U.S. Surgeon General, he carried forward his enduring commitment to the overdose reversal drug, naloxone. During Covid, politics and toxic partisanship severely hampered the US response. “We keep playing whack-a-mole.” Upgraded communications were urgently needed. The attacks from within the Trump White House upon Dr. Fauci were paralleled by attacks on public health officials at state and local levels. Give a listen to learn more. 

Dr. Anthony Fauci sat down with J. Stephen Morrison, CSIS, on August 13, for a conversation on his remarkable 54 year career of service as a doctor and scientist. Listen to hear about his early upbringing in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn; his Jesuit training; his expansive leadership at NIH on HIV/AIDS in the darkest days; the creation of a position of influence in science and public health unprecedented in American history, tied to the trust and confidence of six presidents; and, of course, his confrontation with President Trump during Covid and Trump's campaign to discredit and damage him.

Dr. Megan Ranney, the dynamic, charismatic Dean of the Yale School of Public Health, joined us to illuminate the strategy she has pioneered to curb firearm injuries and deaths in America. It is a true epidemic that begs a serious public health approach. It requires coming to terms with suicide and homicide in America—both sensitive, disturbing phenomena. It requires a concentrated focus on data gaps, research investments, effective interventions, and scaling the response. Together these actions hold the promise of reducing deaths and injuries by 50 percent. Many commonsense actions are steadily achieving major gains, including safe storage of weapons, better engineering of weapons, fostering a community of dedicated researchers, and introducing economic incentives that favor safety. In combination, these are demonstrably raising hope, even in the face of enduring stigma and skepticism, political divisions, gaps in knowledge, and misinformation and disinformation. Come listen for the full story.    Please note this episode contains subject matter relating to gun violence and the topic of suicide. Listener discretion is advised.

With the International AIDS Society's 25th global conference taking place next week in Munich, Mark Lagon, Chief Policy Officer at Friends of the Global Fight Against AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria and Bennett Freeman, Associate Fellow with Chatham House, joined Katherine to discuss a new Friends report regarding the role of the private sector and civil society organizations in advocating for global health programs, including HIV services. Lagon and Freeman argue that in a period during which restrictions on civic space seem to be increasing in many countries around the world, there is a business case to be made for the private sector in defending civil society organizations' efforts to promote respect for human rights, monitor for equitable access to services, and encourage transparency and accountability within global health programs and beyond.

Leonard Rubenstein is Professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, non-resident Fellow at CSIS, and Chair of the Safeguarding Health in Conflict Coalition. He joins us to unpack the Coalition's 11th annual report on 2023. Four big wars—Ukraine, Myanmar, Gaza, Sudan—are driving up attacks upon civilians, and deaths, to exceptionally high levels. At the same time, attacks on the health sector reached over 2,500 recorded incidents in 2023, a 20% increase over 2022. Attacks on hospitals are often part of a deliberate, targeted military strategy. In other instances, they are a result merely of “contempt and indifference” as combatants wage war indiscriminately. What can be done, if policy is typically “hand-wringing” and “total impunity”? There could be breakthroughs through investigations and prosecutions in Ukraine and the International Criminal Court's actions in the Israeli-Gaza war. Over time, we do see progress at the UN High Commissioner on Human Rights and the World Health Organization.

Dr. Raj Panjabi, former NSC Senior Director for Global Health Security and Biodefense, shares his personal story, his deep ties to Liberia, the genesis of Last Mile Health, the profound lessons that emerged from Ebola in Liberia. In his time (2021-2023) heading the President's Malaria Initiative and serving at the NSC, what accomplishments is he most proud of? Alternatively, what were the toughest revelations? As the ground shifts politically in America, what strategy might sustain and renew global health as a priority? Give a listen.

This episode is the lively conversation J. Stephen Morrison had the pleasure to hold with Dr. Angela Apeagyei and Dr. Chris Murray, IHME at CSIS on May 14. It begins with the compelling findings of the 15th IHME annual report Financing Global Health 2023. Global health is beset by high interest rates, the rising claim on resources for climate, costly geopolitical ‘forever' wars, and an era of populism and multiple elections. What are the elements of a proactive, updated strategy to sustain support for global health? Give a listen!

France's dynamic Ambassador for Global Health, Anne-Claire Amprou, visited CSIS for an extended conversation on the topline historical challenges that her office addresses: elevating climate's health impacts, the pandemic treaty negotiations and reform of the IHR, anti-microbial resistance (AMR) in the year of the UN General Assembly High Level Meeting in September, navigating multiple ambitious global health replenishments amid scarcity, investing in workforce training, the WHO academy in Lyons, strengthening the French-US relationship, and France's special engagement on the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Give a listen! 

The inimitable Jennifer Kates, KFF, joins us to make sense of the multiple, convergent, competitive replenishments of the most significant instruments in global health – the Global Fund, Gavi, the Pandemic Fund, WHO at historic moment of intense geopolitical tensions and big, costly wars, the ascent of climate, fiscal scarcity, many elections in the populist era, and post-pandemic fatigue. The US elections are stirring high anxiety across the globe. Attention is focused on the Project 2025 blueprint for a Trump victory. Where is the hope and optimism? Give a listen.

In the fifth episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, J. Stephen Morrison speaks with Dr. Sandro Galea, Dean and Robert A. Knox Professor, Boston University School of Public Health on the public health workforce pipeline. How to position public health schools and departments within universities to be more powerful, better funded, with better access to senior leadership? What are the concrete changes in the curricula of public health programs and the recruitment of faculty and students that are going to be most essential to meet the demands of the post-Covid era and correct the drift into illiberalism? How to make the case more effectively that public health is a national security measure? 

In our ongoing series on climate and health, we had the great fortune to enlist a friend and colleague, Noam Unger, Director of the CSIS Sustainable Development and Resilience Initiative, to discuss PREPARE, the President's Emergency Plan for Adaptation and Resilience. Why did it take so long for adaptation to rise in significance?  PREPARE is “a presidential initiative that is not coming with a big bag of money along with it,” which means its principal focus is coordination around food, water, health, infrastructure, data forecasting, and financing and insurance. What might that achieve? Is it meaningful to compare its prospects with those of PEPFAR? How to build a geostrategic rationale, a program framework, and a mixed constituency for PREPARE incrementally over time? Give a listen to the answers to these questions and more.

Since the start of 2024, several countries in South America have experienced a rapid increase in cases of dengue, a viral disease transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito. According to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), this year alone at least 18 countries in the Americas have reported cases, with more than 400 deaths. In Peru, at the end of February, the government declared an emergency in 20 districts, setting up makeshift clinics and sending additional financial and human resources to affected areas. Dr. Andrés (Willy) Lescano, who leads the Emerging Infections and Climate Change Research Unit at Cayetano Heredia University in Lima, Peru and was one of the co-authors of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change 2022 report on South America, explains why it has been so challenging to control aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the region, the extent to which urbanization, global warming, and the el Niño phenomenon are driving the current outbreaks, and steps that can be taken to better prepare the health sector for future crises associated with a changing climate.

In the fourth episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, Vanessa Kerry, World Health Organization (WHO) Director General Special Envoy for Climate Change and Health and Austin Demby, Minister of Health and Sanitation for Sierra Leone join Julie Gerberding, CSIS Bipartisan Alliance for Global Health Security Co-chair and CEO of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health for a discussion about the intersection of climate change and global health. How do you make new partnerships around climate and health work? What are the expectations for wealthy countries and the United States in particular to find solutions to these challenges? How do you make the case for climate and health in a divisive environment, with scarce financial and political resources? 

Donald G. McNeil, the prize-winning science and health reporter—45 years with the New York Times—unpacks his newly published memoir, The Wisdom of Plagues. It covers his remarkable personal and professional story, his reflections on the travails facing PEPFAR, the stark lessons of Covid, his "radical" prescriptions for the future, and his reflections three years after abruptly departing the NYT. 

In the third episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, World Health Organization (WHO) Senior Advisor Dr. Scott Dowell joins J. Stephen Morrison for a discussion about the Global Health Emergency Corps (GHEC) concept, development thus far, and plans for 2024. What will it take to bring GHEC to life? What might the U.S. role be?

Dr. Sandro Galea, Dean of the BU School of Public Health, discusses his incisive, provocative new book, ‘Within Reason.' Its central proposition: public health slipped into illiberalism during Covid-19, a “closing of the mind.” Over the course of the book, Dr. Galea unpacks that striking phenomenon: how and why it happened, what it means, and what needs now to happen to correct course? The loss of trust is the most poignant but not the only price. Give a listen!

Joseph Majkut, Director of the CSIS Energy Security and Climate Change Program, unpacks the big picture of COP28 (Dubai, Nov. 30-Dec 13, 2023), both the formal negotiations and the “trade show.” Is the commitment to “transition away” from fossil fuels a truly pivotal moment? What's the significance of the launch of the "Loss and Damage Fund" especially with regard to tensions between the North and the South? What to make of the day dedicated to health and climate? How to assess UAE leadership? Ultimately, Dubai is not likely to stand shoulder-to-shoulder with Paris and Kyoto. It's more of a “punctuation mark.” Give a listen!

In the second episode of the CommonHealth Live! series, J. Stephen Morrison speaks with International Rescue Committee (IRC) President and CEO David Miliband about the recently released IRC 2024 Emergency Watchlist. The onset of 2024 has brought with it record levels of humanitarian crises. How and why are global humanitarian crises evolving? How do we address these unprecedented global challenges? What can be done to reduce the impact on affected communities? This event is made possible by the generous support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. 

Dr. Yanzhong Huang, Council on Foreign Relations and Seton Hall University, argues in the CFR report Negotiating Global Health Security (co-authored with Georgetown Professor Rebecca Katz) that the US-China clash over Covid-19 origins in Wuhan has had a catastrophic impact on US-China relations. A "détente" is now needed. But how is that to be achieved, given the multiple ongoing geopolitical crises? Given what is happening in Congress vis-a-is China? And given that political will at the highest levels is the most significant missing element? “Avoidance” post-Covid has taken root there. Give a listen to hear the answers.