Podcasts about Tylenol

Is there a connection between Tylenol and autism—and has the medical establishment been too quick to dismiss the evidence? Renowned scientist Dr. William Parker, author of Tylenol and Autism, joins Alex Newman for a deep dive into one of the most consequential and controversial medical debates facing American families. Parker lays out the evidence he believes points toward an association between acetaminophen exposure and autism, explains where he says mainstream medicine has gotten the science wrong, and addresses the enormous question facing parents: If there is a real risk, why aren't families being warned? Meanwhile, a longtime Fauci adviser has PLEADED GUILTY after admitting to a conspiracy to conceal federal COVID records from the American people—and could face years in prison. What does this reveal about efforts to keep COVID-era government communications away from public scrutiny? And the news gets even wilder. Democratic Socialists are openly discussing overthrowing America’s constitutional system. Surveillance cameras are proliferating across the country. Some of the world's wealthiest people are building million-dollar bunkers beneath more than 300 feet of solid rock in the Swiss Alps. And American cattle producers are sounding the alarm as President Trump moves to dramatically increase foreign beef imports while U.S. ranchers struggle to survive. Plus, Gary Meredith joins Alex to explain why Christians cannot simply abandon the political battlefield. And Dr. Dave Jones exposes the enemies within—fear, lust, anger, and pride—and explains how Christians can defeat them before they destroy their families, ministries, businesses, and calling. From the Tylenol-autism controversy and the Fauci COVID-records scandal to socialist revolutionaries, billionaire bunkers, surveillance, and America's ranchers, this episode is packed.

Whether you vaccinate fully, selectively or not at all, you're going to want a vaccine detox plan that supports your child's immune system, not just their liver. In this episode, Dr. Elana breaks down why a vaccine detox plan is really an immune support conversation, not just a toxin flush. You'll learn why she never recommends vaccinating a sick child, why Tylenol before and after shots may work against your child's immune response, and how glutathione supports both detox pathways and vaccine metabolism. Whether you're fully vaccinating, going selectively or still deciding, this episode helps you build a real pre and post vaccine plan for your child's next appointment. Topics Covered In This Episode: Does Your Child Need a Vaccine Detox Plan? Busting the Vaccine Detox Myth The Two Buckets of Vaccine Support Vaccine Ingredients and Aluminum Explained Don't Vaccinate a Sick Child Skip the Tylenol Build a Plan If Your Child Has Reacted Before Show Notes: Click here to learn more about Dr. Elana Roumell's Doctor Mom Membership, a membership designed for moms who want to be their child's number one health advocate! Click here to explore Steph Greunke, RD's Mindset and Metabolism Substack, nuanced discussions on fat loss and behavior change for women. Listen to today's episode on our website Discover for yourself why Needed is trusted by 15,000+ women's health practitioners, including Dr. Elana and Steph. Needed supports optimal health and nourishment throughout the Motherspan--from preconception through perimenopause. Enjoy their range of practitioner-formulated, third-party tested supplements and get 20% off with code DOCTORMOM. Visit thisisneeded.com Active Skin Repair is a must-have for everyone to keep themselves and their families healthy and clean.  Keep a bottle in the car to spray your face after removing your mask, a bottle in your medicine cabinet to replace your toxic first aid products, and one in your outdoor pack for whatever life throws at you.  Use code DOCTORMOM to receive 20% off your order + free shipping (with $50 minimum purchase). Visit BLDGActive.com to order. INTRODUCE YOURSELF to Steph and Dr. Elana on Instagram. They can't wait to meet you! @stephgreunke @drelanaroumell Please remember that the views and ideas presented on this podcast are for informational purposes only.  All information presented on this podcast is for informational purposes and not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a healthcare provider. Consult with your healthcare provider before starting any diet, supplement regimen, or to determine the appropriateness of the information shared on this podcast, or if you have any questions regarding your treatment plan.

North Atlantic Right whales were once so thoroughly hunted they nearly went extinct. When hunting these mammals was outlawed, they slowly started to bounce back, but today Right whales are dealing with newer deadly threats, such as fishing gear entanglement and warming in the Gulf of Maine. So, it's a relief to advocates to have a successful calving season like this year with 23 new calves, the most since 2009. Also, scientists in the UK were able to use genetically modified bacteria to turn plastic bottles into the common pain reliever acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol and Tylenol. The lead researcher speaks with us about the potential applications of this biotech breakthrough. And Nigerian conservation ecologist Iroro Tanshi rediscovered the short-tailed roundleaf bat in 2016, after decades when it was believed extinct in the region. The species is still critically endangered, with habitat loss from wildfires as one of its top threats. So Iroro joined with local groups to start a community-led program to develop safer field burning practices and wildfire fighting strategies, and she is the recipient of the 2026 Goldman Environmental Prize for Africa. --- You can help support our free public radio show and podcast, for free, by leaving a review on Apple Podcasts. It's one of the best ways to help other listeners find Living on Earth! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Theoharis Theoharides is back, and this time we got into the stuff that has been all over the news. Leucovorin. Tylenol. Benadryl. Underneath the headlines there is actual science, and Dr. Theo walks through what inflammation, mast cells, and folate really have to do with our kids. The throughline is simple. A diagnosis is a label, not a treatment plan, and there is measurable biology underneath that label that most workups never look at. Dr. Theo holds five degrees from Yale, spent 37 years at Tufts, has published more than 500 peer reviewed papers, and was the first researcher to connect mast cells to autism. He now runs the Center of Excellence for Neuroinflammation Research in Florida. In this episode: - What a mast cell actually is, and why the ones in the brain matter- Propionic acid, and why it is sitting in most kids' cereal- The four things he wants every autism workup to cover- The folate test most kids never get, and why normal bloodwork can still be wrong- A 30-second test you can run at your kitchen table tonight- Why constipation changes behavior more than almost anything he has seen- What to do when your pediatrician refuses to order a test- How to tell a real supplement from an expensive one- Twenty years of autism fads, and why stem cells do not work- When to stop something that is not working His most honest moment: "I hate the term therapeutic because I don't know what I'm treating." His best one: "The brain is working. The fact that they don't speak doesn't mean anything." RESOURCESFRAT, the Folate Receptor Autoantibody Test. Must be ordered by a physician.MTHFR gene analysis.RBC folate and RBC B12, to see what is getting inside the cells.Flat abdominal X-ray, when behavior spikes and nobody can explain it. FIND DR. THEOdrtheoharides.com, which has an intake form.Instagram: @drtheoharidesHe sees patients in Fort Lauderdale the third week of each month, adolescents and adults only. FIND ROBtheautismdad.comThe book, So Your Child Was Just Diagnosed with Autism, is out December 29. Preorder at theautismdad.com/book/ DISCLAIMERDr. Theoharides is a physician and PhD pharmacologist with five degrees from Yale and more than 500 peer reviewed publications. This conversation is education, not personalized medical advice. He names specific tests, supplements, medications, and doses, and he gives them as clinical context. The right number for any individual child depends on age, weight, and labs. Do not start, stop, or change anything based on a podcast. Talk to your child's doctor.

Episode 2881 - In this wide-ranging episode, Ted and Austin Broer connect GLP-1 drug fatality in a college student, plant-based diet nutritional deficiencies and mental health consequences, Tylenol's infant toxicity and Children's Health Defense FDA petition, EPA lawsuit over toxic semiconductor chemicals in AI data centers, Flock camera law enforcement misuse, investment scam protection guidance, B vitamins for brain and energy metabolism, young entrepreneur success stories, and free VIP express shipping into a broadcast that delivers both urgent consumer health warnings and sharp institutional accountability alongside practical entrepreneurial encouragement. 

TODAY ON THE ROBERT SCOTT BELL SHOW: Tylenol Ban Petition, Liver Injuries Surge, Pediatric Flu Recommendations, GLP-1 Side Effects, Mounjaro Death, Magnolia Grandiflora, Microplastics Liver Damage, Psychiatric Drug Harms, Blue State Vaccine Pushback, Oprah Faces Criticism, and MORE! https://robertscottbell.com/tylenol-ban-petition-liver-injuries-surge-400-pediatric-flu-recommendations-glp-1-side-effects-magnolia-grandiflora-microplastics-liver-damage-psychiatric-drug-harms-vaccine-policy-pushback-op/ Purpose and Character The use of copyrighted material on the website is for non-commercial, educational purposes, and is intended to provide benefit to the public through information, critique, teaching, scholarship, or research. Nature of Copyrighted Material Weensure that the copyrighted material used is for supplementary and illustrative purposes and that it contributes significantly to the user's understanding of the content in a non-detrimental way to the commercial value of the original content. Amount and Substantiality Our website uses only the necessary amount of copyrighted material to achieve the intended purpose and does not substitute for the original market of the copyrighted works. Effect on Market Value The use of copyrighted material on our website does not in any way diminish or affect the market value of the original work. We believe that our use constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Law. If you believe that any content on the website violates your copyright, please contact us providing the necessary information, and we will take appropriate action to address your concern.

A non-binary person with GERD keeps their medication in a Tylenol bottle at work. A coworker named Bob accuses them of getting high at work, then calls HR after they respond to his comment with self-deprecating humor, calling themselves "fat." The hosts discuss workplace harassment, the role of HR, documenting incidents, and whether the letter writer was in the wrong. Spoiler: they weren't. The episode turns into a lively chat about ageism, queerphobia, and toxic office culture, complete with hilarious side tangents about cat pageants and imaginary office soap operas.

One in five people are neurodivergent. Half of them do not know it. And in home services and the trades, the number is likely even higher.The autonomy, the problem solving, the independence, the hands-on nature of the work attracts a certain kind of brain. And that brain, whether it carries an ADHD diagnosis, an autism spectrum disorder, or just a lifelong feeling of being wired differently, is showing up every day in your trucks, on your sales calls, and in your leadership seats.Dr. Matt Vorell is a PhD in Organizational Communication from the University of Colorado and a professor at St. Cloud State University. He is autistic, academically credentialed, and deeply passionate about normalizing this conversation in the workplace. His message is simple: different, not less.In this episode:Why the trades attract a higher likelihood of neurodivergent individuals than most industriesWhat autism spectrum disorder actually is and what it is notThe difference between top-down and bottom-up thinking and what it reveals about your teamWhy 90% of autistic individuals are either under or unemployedWhy 75 to 80% of autistic individuals never disclose their status at workHow masking works and the toll it takes on the people doing it every dayThe vaccine and Tylenol claims debunked directly by someone who has studied this for decadesThe double empathy problem and why communication responsibility has to go both waysHow to give instructions, write emails, and assign tasks in ways that actually landHow one manager turned her lowest performing employee into her top performer in two monthsPractical tools including AI as a communication translator for neurodivergent individualsBooks and resources to go deeperRecommended Resources:Temple Grandin - Different, Not LessNeurodiversity at Work by Theo SmithKaylin Partlow on TikTokProfessor Saul on TikTokConnect with Dr. Matt Vorell:LinkedIn: search Dr. Matt Vorell, Connect with Sam Wakefield:Website: https://www.closeitnow.netEmail: sam@closeitnow.netInstagram: @therealcloseitnowFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/samuel.l.wakefieldLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/closeitnow/Join the Community: https://www.facebook.com/groups/closeitnowBring This Training to Your Team:Sam travels nationwide to deliver on-site training for home services companies serious about building a culture people want to stay in. Half day classroom, half day ride-alongs. Your team, your market, your systems.Book a call with Sam: calendar.app.google/KZH1j2Q1MAXTKbT38Leave a review on Apple Podcasts or Google. Every review gets read, and if yours gets read on air you earn a no-charge one-on-one coaching session with Sam directly.Google: https://g.page/r/CbfnnDqTCwQdEAE/review

Brownella Cottage in Galion is said to be one of the most haunted locations in Ohio and has stood for nearly 140 years. While this is not a small house, it definitely has the appearance of a cottage and it has the distinction of having only the couple that built it, live in it. Bishop Brown was a controversial figure and he and his wife Ella are believed to haunt their former home. Join us for the history and hauntings of Brownella Cottage. The Moment in Oddity features parachuting Tylenol mice. Check out the website: http://historygoesbump.com Show notes can be found here: https://historygoesbump.blogspot.com/2026/08/hgb-ep-650-brownella-cottage.html Become an Executive Producer: http://patreon.com/historygoesbump Music used in this episode: Main Theme: Creepy Carnival Theme  Created and produced by History Goes Bump Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (Moment in Oddity) "Vanishing" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Title: "Haunted Haus" Artist: Tim Kulig (timkulig.com) Licensed under Creative Commons By Attribution 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ IMDB: https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0997280/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1

When you're doing IVF, it's important to be prepared. I want you to have the best outcome possible, and for me that includes making sure you have everything you need on hand to support your physical, mental, and emotional health as you go through the process. Today on the podcast, I'm sharing my top 10 things you need when you're embarking on IVF: 1. Get your electrolyte rich drinks ahead of time 2. Stock up on a protein powder+shake that you love 3. Consider scheduling a food delivery service 4. Prepare for a poop emergency: stool softeners are your friend 5. Purchase panty liners because you can spot and that's considered normal after an egg retrieval and waterproof underwear helps with the discharge too 6. Egg Whisperer fertility pants 7. Grab that Tylenol or Advil ahead of time and a heating pad too for aches and pains 8. Take precautions against Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) 9. Build your fertility TEAM 10. Get your TUSHY checked I know that's a lot of info to pack into a single post here - so you can get all sorts of details and additional information over at the website, where you can also listen to the whole episode. What I want most for you is to feel comfortable, and prepared as you take the next step on your fertility journey, and so that is why I'm sharing the essential must-haves that my patients have found to be helpful in making their experience and recovery more comfortable. Read or listen to the whole episode on the website. Would you like to learn more about IVF? Click here to join Dr. Aimee for The IVF Class. The next live class call is on Monday, August 17th at 4pm PST, where I will explain IVF and there will be time to ask me your questions live on Zoom. Sign up at EggWhispererSchool.com Click to find The Egg Whisperer Show podcast on your favorite podcasting app.   Watch videos of Dr. Aimee answer Ask the Egg Whisperer Questions on YouTube.  Sign up for The Egg Whisperer newsletter to get updates   Dr. Aimee Eyvazzadeh is one of America's most well known fertility doctors. Her success rate at baby-making is what gives future parents hope when all hope is lost. She pioneered the TUSHY Method and BALLS Method to decrease your time to pregnancy. Learn more about the TUSHY Method and find a wealth of fertility resources at www.draimee.org.

The full Loopy Looper recap is here. Bryana and Michael go deep on their individual races. Bryana covers her chaotic morning, from a closed Wawa, blood on the floor, arriving 15 minutes before the start, no water for the first loop, cramping and lung struggles through the first half, a Tylenol-and-Alani turning point at loop six, Ryan's heroic crewing debut (including getting screamed at for the Vaseline), a crotch rocket motorcycle on the race trail, and crossing the finish line on loop 10 in just under 11 hours. Michael recaps his 40-mile day, waking up sick at 3am, acid reflux from allergies spiraling into nausea, Frito rescue attempts, and the decision to DNF with his feet and legs still feeling strong. The crew also gives a shoutout to Vanessa for completing Badwater 135. Berlin Marathon training updates follow: Diana ran 18 miles in Luray, Virginia and is recovering from the crud. Tom is getting ready for Charles St 12. Something Good covers Widows Bay, Cape Fear (TV), Beef Season 2, the Wicker trailer, Little House on the Prairie, and the new Spider-Man. Closing quote dedicated to Bryana: Winston Churchill on courage.Check out Endless Endurance's other races• Bryana's first ultra marathon: 37 miles, 12-hour solo at Loopy Looper• Race morning chaos: the closed Wawa, the broken nose, arriving 15 minutes before start• Running a 12-hour race with no morning caffeine and in August humidity• Managing lung struggles in heat and humidity during a loop race• The Tylenol-and-Alani turnaround: loop six to loop ten• How to crew a loop race, Ryan's debut, the walking handoff, and the Vaseline incident• A motorcycle on the trail at mile nine, only at Cooper River• Loop race foot care: why Bryana is walking on her heels and the tape-in-sweat problem• Michael's Loopy DNF at ~40 miles: allergies, acid reflux, nausea and the call to stop• 'Races are an interruption of what I enjoy' — Michael's philosophy on ultra running• What it really feels like to finish your first ultra (hint: it's not the cry you expect)• Going back to relays: Bryana's verdict on solo vs. relay at Loopy• Rise and Run's seven teams at Loopy Looper, and the tent decorating contest• Vanessa completes Badwater 135 — the crew was tracking all weekend• Road to Berlin: Diana runs 18 miles in Luray, VA • Berlin round table idea : a call for Berlin marathon runners to participate• Something Good: Widows Bay, Cape Fear (TV), Beef Season 2, Wicker trailer, Little House on the Prairie, Spider-Man• Closing quote: Winston Churchill 'Success is not final. Failure is not fatal. It is the courage to continue thatCome laugh with us as we share our running experiences and talk about everything from our favorite beer runs to our chafing nightmares. Tell us what YOU run for... Email us or leave a voice memo at WillRunForPodcast@gmail.com Find us on Facebook and Instagram @WillRunForPodcast Tag your pictures and stories @WillRunForPodcast and help grow our community.

Freddy Gray is joined by Amanda Hunt, a partner at Keller Postman LLC, who are leading the Tylenol autism litigation. Trump brought the case to the worlds attention when he raised the alarm over usage – especially for pregnant women. Freddy and Amanda discuss the latest developments with the case and why this isn't solely a Conservative or Trump issue. Learn how to earn yield on gold, paid in gold, at Monetary-Metals.com/AmericanoBecome a Spectator subscriber today to access this podcast without adverts. Go to spectator.co.uk/adfree to find out more.For more Spectator podcasts, go to spectator.co.uk/podcasts.Contact us: podcast@spectator.co.uk Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode:So, guess what? This week we're breaking the mold because there's no guest interview—yep, you heard that right. After 203 episodes, I'm feeling a bit like a kid who shows up to school without their homework. But hey, life happens, right? Instead, we're diving into a juicy medical mailbag question about the hot topic of whether Tylenol can actually boost your endurance performance. Spoiler alert: the answer isn't exactly a mic drop moment. We'll sift through some research that claims it could help, but don't get too hyped; the benefits are as tiny as my patience during a slow group run. Plus, we'll touch on some wild stories from the multisport world, including a heartbreaking loss and an awe-inspiring triumph, because, you know, we like to keep it real—life's a rollercoaster, folks! Buckle up and let's get into it!Segments:[10:39]- Medical Mailbag: Tylenol talkLinks

Dr. George J. Taylor is an expert in palliative care medicine. He has written many texts. Our discussion relates to his most recent publication, A Caregiver's Guide to Palliative Medicine. He explains how we can use medications to achieve pain control, when to start Hospice care, the difference between dependence and addiction, and longevity vs quality of life. https://www.amazon.com/Caregivers-Guide-Palliative-Medicine/dp/B0GZHX9G9SNotes: 25:00 Mobic for pain, Tylenol for pain34:00 Get on Hospice early.46:00 Aging, Nutrition, treatments to ‘make young people better'. 55:30: Dependence vs addiction and the Other Opioid Crisis. 1:00 The Five Wishes and the importance of the Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare.You can read critiques written about his book here:https://independentbookreview.com/2026/07/08/a-caregivers-guide-to-palliative-medicine-by-george-j-taylor-m-d/ https://www.netgalley.com/catalog/book/857762Send us Fan MailListen and read my blog: https://whilewerestillhere.com Reach me at kathy@whilewerestillhere.comFacebook: While We're Still HereStarting with Episode 56, the episode music was added. It was composed, produced and provided by Kyle Bray specifically for this show. Reach out to me if you want the score. The logo artwork was provided by Maddie's Plush Pouch - maddelinesplushpouch@gmail.com

The Tenpenny Files – Dr. William Parker examines whether early acetaminophen exposure may contribute to regressive autism in susceptible children, challenging accepted medical consensus. Drawing on decades of research, he explores scientific evidence, disputed studies, informed consent, and why open debate remains essential to modern pediatric medicine and ethics...

Today's podcast is titled “Brands in Crisis.” Recorded in 2025, Bruce Turkel, branding expert and author of All About Them, and Laura Culp, founder of Culp Branding, join host Vince Poscente to discuss how companies survive — or fail to survive — a brand crisis. Their conversation ranges from the fire extinguisher paradigm of crisis preparedness to what separates a genuine apology from a deflection, using Johnson & Johnson’s Tylenol response, Chipotle’s food-safety recovery, and Tesla’s ongoing brand-identity struggle as contrasting case studies. Listen now, and don't forget to subscribe to get updates for the Free To Choose Media Podcast.

This week on Two Parents & A Podcast, happy Wednesday!!! We start with a real one: Rocky spiked a 102.7 fever this week (he's totally fine now!!), and even though we're second-time parents, it was a first-time occurrence for us… and we went RIGHT back into first-time parent mode. We get into how we handled it (calling the pediatrician hotline at 4 AM), how our in-home pediatric practice works (& why we love it so much), and the bigger realization: no matter how many kids you have, a new challenge puts you right back at square one. Which spirals into a continued conversation on what's harder, 0 to 1 or 1 to 2 (the diaper-on-backwards story makes its return lol), the wild fact that you don't have to pass ANY test to take a baby home from the hospital (Alex is now drafting the exam as we speak), and what magically flips at milestone dates?! (A fever at 2 months 29 days = ER, but at 3 months 1 day = Tylenol at home??) Then the fun stuff: the "nepo baby" discourse (Harrison JUST learned who Gracie Abrams's dad is?! + the Phoebe Gates cookie-tracking situation), is anyone still ACTUALLY listening to AM/FM radio (sound off in the comments, we need the data!!), a 1-minute Summer House update (don't skip it!), and the Nantucket store that put up a "no influencers allowed" sign… which immediately went viral because of influencers lol. And the travel corner: the Delta pilot who officially set the PLAYBOOK on handling flight delays (Diallo, we love you

Alan Murray has spent four decades studying American business — as editor-in-chief and CEO of Fortune, Washington bureau chief at the Wall Street Journal, president of Pew Research Center, and now founding president of the WSJ Leadership Institute. In this episode, he makes the case that despite the headlines, business has undergone a genuine, structural shift toward human-centered leadership — and he explains the "physics" behind why.  Alan walks Bill through the data point that changed how he thinks about corporate value: a study found that more than 80% of Fortune 500 companies' value came from physical assets in the mid-1970s, but today more than 85% of value comes from intangibles — talent, brand loyalty, employee engagement. That shift, he argues, is what's really driving the "human-centered" turn in business, not politics or PR.  The conversation also covers:  Why the language around ESG and DEI has changed even if the underlying substance hasn't  The Johnson & Johnson Credo, the Tylenol crisis, and what it means for corporate integrity today  Why Is Mona Lisa Smiling? The Reimagination of the Corporation, a documentary film for which Alan served as an executive producer.  The state of journalism — why newsroom jobs have likely been cut by 50% or more over the last 20-25 years, and why paywalls at places like the Wall Street Journal and New York Times were the right call  His cautious optimism about AI: massive upside for medical research and productivity, paired with real fears about the "pollution of the information ecosystem"  His new venture, the WSJ Leadership Institute, helping executives navigate a moment where, as he puts it, every technology conversation eventually becomes a conversation about people  Chapters: 00:00:00 Early Journalism and Origins 00:04:49 The Nature of Optimistic Leadership 00:11:31 Human-Centered Business Evolution 00:19:07 Reimagining the Corporation 00:23:43 The State of Modern Journalism 00:32:26 AI, Leadership, and Future Outlook 

My guest is my mom, Rosebud, a mother of four who spent fifty years building a life around preventative medicine. In this episode she tells her whole story: growing up with no money in Ozone Park, Queens; losing her father at three, her brother at thirty-two, and her first husband at twenty-five; and how that grief turned into a set of convictions about how she wanted to raise her children. We talk about the plant-based, vegetable-heavy way we ate growing up, the natural births, the years she spent learning from John Galamaga, and the pushback she took for doing things differently. Newsletter: https://jonathanjarecki.substack.com/Full Show Notes: https://docs.google.com/document/d/11ISCy3tLwVzrfEq-lR3jvp6qdYoZCOqB3GheuYJqC4s/edit?usp=sharing *Disclaimer: This episode is a personal and family history, offered for educational and general-interest purposes only. It is not medical advice and should not be used to diagnose or treat any condition. Neither the host nor the guest is a licensed medical professional. Nothing here is a recommendation for how you should care for yourself or your children — please consult a qualified physician about your own health decisions.Timestamps: 00:00 Intro03:08 Mom04:53 Mom's childhood, family situation, & diet09:28 Relationship with the doctor growing up, health habits10:43 Mom's mom (grandma)13:14 First daughter14:38 Vaccines, mom worked as a medical assistant15:41 How my mom thought about health growing up; diet, medications, vaccines, sunshine18:49 First husband passed away, life changed, breastfeeding21:32 Meeting my dad, second child, Grandma's first heart attack23:12 Finding John Galamaga; Dad having seizures, dad's health transformation29:54 Natural Childbirths32:59 Grandma's heart attack, heart health, health transformation36:03 Experience raising her children, no meltdowns, vaccine exemptions36:55 Dad being a chriopractor38:24 Dairy, juicing, diet, healthy snacks41:18 Surprise baby (Jonathan), limited doctor visits, high risk child, childbirth44:22 Pregnancy with Jonathan, lifestyle, diet, doctor visits48:48 Master Lowe, qigong, pregnancy52:59 Delivering Jonathan in the hospital57:42 Refusing childhood medical interventions; Vaccines, PKU, Vitamin K, hospital stay time01:01:31 Leaving the hospital, home environment01:03:46 Infrared sauna protocol, walking, magnet therapy, hydrogen water, epsom salt bath,01:05:34 Family dynamic while raising children01:06:26 The divorce01:09:37 No medications; Tylenol, Advil, cough syrup... oh my!01:10:22 Symptoms when I got sick01:12:03 Diet, Hippocrates01:16:53 Menopause, bone density, bioidentical hormones01:21:32 The sacrifice of raising children01:22:48 Tofu on hormones; testosterone, estrogen...01:29:16 Restrictive diets on menopause01:30:10 Food when we were sick; diet, resting, immune system01:31:38 Gerson Therapy, white potatoes, cancer, low protein01:36:46 Feeling energized throughout the day01:38:43 Specifics on the diet01:39:55 Importance of self education; Book recommendations01:49:42 Audience Questions:01:50:02 How did your kids go to school without vaccines?01:52:11 Essential oils01:54:38 Did we have any allergies growing up?01:56:30 Daycare; navigating different environments01:59:34 What to do when you catch the flu?02:00:15 Bentonite and Psyllium cleanse protocol02:02:29 My mom's personal health02:05:54 Jaundice remedy02:06:41 Replacements for Tylenol02:07:34 Did you get any pushback for raising your children vegan?

Crisis Management: What Customers Remember Most A company may not have caused the crisis—but it still owns the customer experience surrounding it. In this episode of The Customer Service Revolution Podcast, Denise Thompson and John DiJulius examine what leaders should do when customers may be at risk, facts are still developing, and the organization's reputation is suddenly on the line. Using recent food-safety concerns and well-known brand crises as examples, they explain why silence, defensiveness, and rigid policies can magnify the original problem—and how a fast, transparent response can help preserve customer trust. The Four Principles of Customer Experience Crisis Management John outlines four actions organizations should take when a crisis occurs: Address the situation immediately. Make the highest-ranking leader the visible face of the response. Take full responsibility for protecting the customer experience. Overcorrect to demonstrate that the organization genuinely cares. Customers do not separate a company from its suppliers, franchisees, distributors, or employees. They remember the brand name connected to the experience—and how that brand responded. What Successful Crisis Responses Have in Common Denise and John revisit several high-profile corporate crises, including Johnson & Johnson's response to the Tylenol poisonings, Domino's reaction to an employee-created viral video, Chipotle's food-safety challenges, and JetBlue's response to severe travel disruptions. The strongest recoveries shared several characteristics: Customer safety came before short-term profits. Leaders communicated quickly and frequently. The organization took visible, decisive action. The crisis led to meaningful operational improvements. Customers were shown what would prevent the problem from happening again. Why Service Recovery Cannot Depend on the Employee You Reach The conversation expands from large-scale crisis management to everyday service recovery. John explains the service recovery paradox: when a company handles a problem exceptionally well, the customer can become more loyal than if the problem had never occurred. But that outcome requires a consistent recovery process. TDG's LEAST model helps employees respond effectively: Listen Allow the customer to explain the situation without interruption, defensiveness, or debate. Empathize Acknowledge what the customer experienced and demonstrate genuine concern. Apologize Take responsibility for the inconvenience or impact, even when the employee or company did not directly create the original problem. Solve Resolve the issue or take ownership of finding someone who can—without forcing the customer to repeat the story to multiple people. Thank Thank the customer for bringing the problem to the organization's attention and creating an opportunity to make it right. Stop Hiding Behind Policy Policies can protect consistency, but they can also prevent employees from using sound judgment. John shares the story of a longtime salon client who was charged for a missed appointment after her husband unexpectedly died. When she questioned the charge, the manager responded, "Sorry, that's our policy." The problem was not an uncaring employee. It was a system that had trained the employee to enforce a rule without giving her the confidence or authority to recognize an obvious exception. Leaders must decide whether onboarding primarily teaches employees what they cannot do—or prepares them to serve customers and one another with judgment, empathy, and ownership. Key Takeaways A company may not have caused a crisis, but it owns the customer experience of that crisis. Customers judge brands by what they do next. Silence allows speculation to control the story. The highest-ranking leader should be visible during a significant crisis. Taking responsibility is different from accepting legal blame. Overcorrecting can demonstrate that customer safety matters more than short-term costs. Employees need a clear service recovery process and enough autonomy to use it. Every transfer forces the customer to relive the problem and often increases frustration. Policies should provide guidance without eliminating judgment and empathy. A crisis can strengthen trust when it produces transparent action and lasting improvement. Memorable Quotes "Customers don't experience your supply chain. They experience your brand." "A company may not have created the problem, but it still owns the customer experience of the problem." "It's never what happens that is the worst thing. It's the cover-up." "Customers rarely judge a brand by whether something went wrong. They judge it by what the brand did next." "Listen like you're wrong." "Whoever gets the initial complaint owns it." "Every time customers have to retell their story, they get angrier." "Remove the word 'policy' from your company's vocabulary." Chapters 00:49 – When your company's name becomes part of the crisis 02:22 – John's destination-wedding revelation 08:40 – Why a supplier's problem becomes your brand's problem 10:19 – Four principles for responding to a crisis 13:05 – What Johnson & Johnson did after the Tylenol poisonings 16:42 – How Domino's confronted a viral reputation crisis 18:30 – Chipotle, food safety, and the cost of responding slowly 19:21 – JetBlue and turning failure into customer protections 24:17 – The service recovery paradox 25:33 – Using the LEAST service recovery model 27:29 – The "Ask Once" ownership promise 29:05 – How leadership attitudes shape customer treatment 33:45 – Why employees should not have to hide behind policy 36:06 – Final lessons for leaders   Links: Storytelling blog:  https://thedijuliusgroup.com/how-to-be-a-more-effective-leader-by-learning-the-best-way-of-storytelling/ ROX Dashboard:  https://thedijuliusgroup.com/rox-dashboard/ The DiJulius Group Methdology: https://thedijuliusgroup.com/x-commandment-methodology/ Company Service Aptitude Test:  https://thedijuliusgroup.com/c-sat-forms/individual-c-sat/ Schedule a Complimentary Call with one of our advisors:  tdg.click/claudia Ask John!  Submit your questions for John, to be aired on future episode:  tdg.click/ask Customer Experience Executive Academy: https://thedijuliusgroup.com/project/cx-executive-academy/ Experience Revolution Membership:  https://thedijuliusgroup.com/membership/ Books:  https://thedijuliusgroup.com/shop/ Contacts:  Lindsey@thedijuliusgroup.com , Claudia@thedijuliusgroup.com If you want to learn how world-class organizations build cultures customers cannot live without, explore The Experience Revolution Membership. Inside the membership you'll gain access to livestream workshops, practical frameworks, and proven strategies used by organizations around the world. Learn more at https://thedijuliusgroup.com/membership/ Learn More If your organization is working to improve customer experience but struggling to connect it to measurable business outcomes, The DiJulius Group can help. Visit: https://thedijuliusgroup.com Listen to more episodes: https://thedijuliusgroup.com/the-customer-service-revolution-podcast/ Subscribe We talk about topics like this each week; be sure to subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts so you don't miss an episode.

This Day in Legal History: Congress Shrinks the Supreme CourtOn July 23, 1866, Congress passed the Judicial Circuits Act, and in doing so did something that sounds almost unimaginable today: it shrank the Supreme Court. The Act provided that the Court would gradually contract from ten justices down to seven, as sitting justices died or retired and their seats simply went unfilled. Yesterday we talked about Franklin Roosevelt's failed attempt to enlarge the Court to overpower it; today's anniversary is the mirror image—Congress reducing the Court's size for pointedly political reasons.The politics were about President Andrew Johnson. Johnson, who had ascended to the presidency after Lincoln's assassination, was locked in a bitter struggle with the Radical Republicans in Congress over Reconstruction. Congress did not trust him, and one thing it was determined to deny him was the power to shape the Supreme Court. By legislating that upcoming vacancies would go unfilled until the Court shrank to seven, Congress effectively stripped Johnson of any Supreme Court appointments. It was court-unpacking as a weapon of inter-branch warfare—using Congress's control over the Court's size not to change its rulings directly, but to lock a distrusted president out of influencing it.The size of the Supreme Court has never been fixed by the Constitution—it's set by statute, and it has ranged from six at the founding up to ten and back down over the country's first century. After Johnson left office, Congress promptly passed the Judiciary Act of 1869 and settled the number at nine, where it has remained ever since. The significance of July 23, 1866 is that it's the clearest historical example of Congress manipulating the Court's very size for immediate political advantage—and, paired with the 1937 court-packing fight, it bookends the story of how the number nine came to feel sacrosanct even though it never actually was. The Court's independence, it turns out, has always rested partly on a political truce about not touching its structure.A Manhattan federal judge is set to weigh today whether to throw out the Justice Department's subpoenas to New York Times journalists who reported on security concerns about President Trump flying on a Qatari-donated Air Force One. This is the next chapter of a story we covered when the subpoenas first landed: they were issued July 10 by the Manhattan U.S. Attorney, and U.S. District Judge Arun Subramanian has paused their enforcement pending this afternoon's hearing. The two sides want very different things. Prosecutors have asked the judge merely to put the subpoenas on hold for a couple of weeks, saying the investigation's next steps could shape his decision; the Times wants them quashed outright, arguing they're designed to harass and intimidate journalists in violation of the First Amendment. The legal backdrop is genuinely unsettled. There is no absolute reporter's privilege under federal law—prosecutors correctly note the First Amendment doesn't categorically excuse reporters from testifying in criminal investigations—but courts have long been wary of subpoenas that function as fishing expeditions to unmask sources. The significance is that this hearing is a concrete test of where that line falls, and it lands amid a broader pattern we've tracked all month of friction between the administration and the press. However Judge Subramanian rules, it will be an early data point on how much protection newsgathering gets when the government wants to know who talked.US judge to weigh New York Times subpoenas over Trump plane reporting | ReutersThe teenager at the center of a closely watched lawsuit blaming social media for his depression and anxiety has dropped his claims against Meta just days before trial. The plaintiff, a 15-year-old known in court papers as R.K.C., had originally sued four companies—Google's YouTube, Meta's Instagram, Snap's Snapchat, and ByteDance's TikTok—alleging their platforms were engineered to be addictive and harmed his mental health. YouTube, TikTok, and Snap all reached confidential settlements earlier, which would have left Meta as the lone defendant when the case went before a Los Angeles jury on July 27. Instead, R.K.C. withdrew, ending the case. Here's why this matters beyond one teenager. His was a “bellwether” case—one of a small set of representative lawsuits chosen from a huge pool of similar claims and tried first, so both sides can see how juries react and use those signals to gauge settlement values across the whole litigation. When a marquee bellwether evaporates right before trial, it sends a message, though an ambiguous one: it could reflect a quiet settlement, a weakness in this particular plaintiff's proof, or simply strategic repositioning. The significance is that the sprawling social-media-harm litigation against these platforms rolls on, but this particular test balloon won't be inflated—depriving both the companies and the thousands of other plaintiffs of a data point they were watching closely.Teen plaintiff suing Meta over mental health harms drops his claims against company days before trial | ReutersA federal judge has cast serious doubt on roughly 69,000 lawsuits claiming that Johnson & Johnson's talc products caused ovarian cancer, warning the plaintiffs they must come forward with better evidence or risk having their cases dismissed. U.S. Magistrate Judge Rukhsanah Singh in Trenton, New Jersey, zeroed in on a problem at the heart of the litigation: causation. In a mass tort like this, plaintiffs generally have to show not just that a product can cause harm in the abstract—”general causation”—but that it caused this particular plaintiff's disease—”specific causation.” Judge Singh noted that two of the plaintiffs' own expert witnesses, testifying in preparation for a set of bellwether trials, conceded they could not rule out other possible causes of the women's cancers. That's a serious admission, because it goes to whether the experts can offer an opinion that's admissible at all under the rules that make judges the “gatekeepers” of scientific testimony. If you've been listening, this should ring a bell—it's the same expert-gatekeeping battleground we saw in the Tylenol-autism case, just cutting the other direction. Here the judge ordered plaintiffs to explain, by November 19, why their cases shouldn't be tossed for lack of an admissible expert opinion tying J&J's talc to their specific cancers. The significance is that after years of litigation, settlements, and failed bankruptcy maneuvers, the whole edifice of these 69,000 claims may hinge on a question of scientific proof—and the judge just signaled the plaintiffs have a real problem.US judge casts doubt on 69,000 cases alleging J&J talc caused cancer | ReutersAnd finally, in a piece I wrote for Forbes this week, I make an argument that runs underneath a lot of the tax stories we've covered lately: the tax code is only as real as its enforcement. My core claim is that defunding the IRS doesn't actually shrink the tax code—it quietly splits it into two.Here's the framing I start with. Washington has a strange way of talking about tax enforcement. Money to help the IRS collect taxes that are already legally owed gets described as spending, waste, or bureaucratic excess—but when Congress cuts that funding and less revenue comes in, the shortfall gets treated like weather, as if it just happened. I think that's exactly backwards. Congress can write whatever rates, deductions, partnership rules, and anti-abuse provisions it likes, but without skilled auditors and functioning technology, a big chunk of those rules becomes purely aspirational.And crucially, that aspiration isn't evenly distributed. For most wage earners, there's almost no room to maneuver: your income is reported by your employer, your taxes are withheld before you ever see the paycheck, and a computer can flag a mismatch without a human ever looking at your return. But wealthier filers and large businesses often operate through partnerships, closely held entities, cross-border transactions, and complex securities arrangements that take specialized expertise and real time to unwind. So my point is that defunding the IRS doesn't create a smaller tax code—it creates two codes: a statutory, basically inescapable one for people whose income is visible, and a negotiated one for people whose finances are complicated enough to delay, obscure, or contest what they owe. Strip out the enforcement capacity, and the nominal rule stays on the books while its practical effect on the highest earners quietly weakens. That's regressive—a backdoor tax cut for the taxpayers best positioned to resist enforcement.There's a new bill, the Stop CHEATERS Act, that would restore enforcement funding, and I think its sponsors are right about the underlying problem. But I argue they should retire the “fair share” language they've wrapped around it. “Fair share” is subjective—reasonable people can argue forever about whether capital gains should get preferential treatment or whether the top rate is too high or too low, and those are legitimate legislative questions. But that's not the issue here. Congress already wrote the laws; taxpayers are already obligated to follow them. The case for funding the IRS isn't about inventing a new standard of fairness after the fact—it's about consistently administering the standards we already have. By leaning on “fair share,” Democrats risk making basic enforcement sound like a partisan redistribution project when the stronger, harder-to-dismiss argument is simply this: if Congress imposes a tax, the government should be funded well enough to collect it. Anything less isn't restraint or a considered policy choice—it's a quiet exemption for those who can afford to fight.The Tax Code Is Only As Real As Its Enforcement | Forbes This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Kelley Dennison, the 27-year-old Republican nominee for Colorado's 2nd Congressional District, has been dubbed “America's First Goth Baddie” — and she's aiming to flip a seat that's voted Democrat for more than 50 years. A tattooed, Gen-Z massage therapist raised by “JFK Democrats”, Dennison says the principles she grew up on “don't pay my bills” and calls herself the Republican Party's “tactical nuke option” for winning over unaffiliated voters. She joins Dr. Drew live to talk affordability, her Colorado-first platform, and why she hopes to inspire more of Gen-Z to run for office. Attorney Viva Frei discusses the Canadian wildfire smoke choking millions of Americans and the GOP senator readying a bill of sanctions over what he calls deliberate government mismanagement. William Parker Ph.D. discusses his book “Tylenol and Autism” and the White House hypothesis connecting acetaminophen exposure to autism. Kelley Dennison was dubbed “America's First Goth Baddie” after running as an unorthodox conservative for Congress in Colorado's 2nd District. She is a Colorado native, business owner, and activist focused on economic affordability and energy stability. Learn more at https://kelleyforco.com/ David Freiheit, known as Viva Frei, is an attorney and political commentator. He hosts the Viva Frei Show on Rumble and Locals and cohosts Viva & Barnes Live with attorney Robert Barnes, focusing on constitutional law, civil liberties, and current events. Follow at https://x.com/TheVivaFrei William Parker, PhD is the author of “Tylenol and Autism: Evidence, Scientific Blunders, and Medicine Gone Wrong” (available at https://amzn.to/4wPv9Jb) and a visiting scholar at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. He spent more than 27 years at Duke University researching transplantation biology, chronic immune dysfunction, and autism spectrum disorder. Follow at https://x.com/DrWParker1 「 SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS 」 • FATTY15 – The future of essential fatty acids is here! Strengthen your cells against age-related breakdown with Fatty15. Get 15% off a 90-day Starter Kit Subscription at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://drdrew.com/fatty15⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ • PALEOVALLEY - "Paleovalley has a wide variety of extraordinary products that are both healthful and delicious,” says Dr. Drew. "I am a huge fan of this brand and know you'll love it too!” Get 15% off your first order at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://drdrew.com/paleovalley⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ • THE WELLNESS COMPANY - Counteract harmful spike proteins with TWC's Signature Series Spike Support Formula containing nattokinase and selenium. Learn more about TWC's supplements at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twc.health/drew⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ • CHAPTER - For free and unbiased Medicare help, dial (218) 521-2472 to speak with my trusted partner, Chapter, or go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://askchapter.org/drdrew⁠⁠⁠⁠ Chapter and its affiliates are not connected with or endorsed by any government entity or the federal Medicare program. Chapter Advisory, LLC represents Medicare Advantage HMO, PPO, and PFFS organizations and stand alone prescription drug plans that have a Medicare contract. Enrollment depends on the plan's contract renewal. While we have a database of every Medicare plan nationwide and can help you to search among all plans, we have contracts with many but not all plans. As a result, we do not offer every plan available in your area. Currently we represent 50 organizations which offer 18,160 products nationwide. We search and recommend all plans, even those we don't directly offer. You can contact a licensed Chapter agent to find out the number of products available in your specific area. Please contact Medicare.gov, 1-800-Medicare, or your local State Health Insurance Program (SHIP) to get information on all of your options. 「 ABOUT THE SHOW 」 This show is for entertainment and/or informational purposes only, and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Executive Producers • Kaleb Nation - ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://kalebnation.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ • Susan Pinsky - ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://x.com/firstladyoflove⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Content Producer • Emily Barsh - ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://x.com/emilytvproducer⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Co-hosts Ryan Piansky, a patient advocate living with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and eosinophilic asthma, and Holly Knotowicz, a speech-language pathologist living with EoE who serves on APFED's Health Science Advisory Council, interview Dr. Claire Beveridge about EoE and dysphagia. Disclaimer: The information provided in this podcast is designed to support, not replace, the relationship between listeners and their healthcare providers. Opinions, information, and recommendations shared in this podcast are not a substitute for medical advice. Decisions related to medical care should be made with your healthcare provider. Opinions and views of guests and co-hosts are their own.   Key Takeaways: [:49] Co-host Ryan Piansky introduces this episode, brought to you thanks to the support of Education Partners AstraZeneca, GSK, Sanofi, Regeneron, and Takeda. Ryan introduces co-host Holly Knotowicz.   [1:17] Holly introduces today's topic, research on eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and dysphagia.   [1:24] Holly introduces and welcomes today's guest, Dr. Claire Beveridge, a gastroenterologist at the Cleveland Clinic. Dr. Beveridge heads the EoE Adult Clinic and the Transition from Pediatric to Adult EoE Clinic.   [1:36] Holly, a speech pathologist, says she is very excited to dive into the research Dr. Beveridge did with EoE and dysphagia. Holly asks Dr. Beveridge to share some of her background.   [1:48] Dr. Beveridge was recruited to the Cleveland Clinic about five years ago to head the EoE Center. She loves the work they have done there.   [1:57] Dr. Beveridge says it's been nice to center everything on their EoE patients and have multidisciplinary care with speech-language pathologists, allergists, dietitians, pulmonologists, and more. It's been a great experience.   [2:15] Dr. Beveridge says the other thing they are really proud of is having a Transition Clinic. It can be tough for patients to transition from pediatric to adult care.   [2:23] Dr. Beveridge says this is something she was inspired to do when she was finishing her training at the University of Pennsylvania, where they had been doing some of that. It was really important to her when she joined Cleveland Clinic.   [2:34] Dr. Beveridge, with her Co-director, Dr. Sophia Patel, helps patients transition from pediatric to adult care.   [2:41] Holly speaks of the challenge of transitioning from pediatric care at a multidisciplinary clinic to adult care.   [3:08] Dr. Beveridge says you can't do any training at Northwestern without loving the esophagus. She did her residency there, got exposed to esophagology, and got to know Dr. Gonsalves and Dr. Hirano really well.   [3:33] Drs. Gonsalves and Hirano are really big names in EoE. Dr. Beveridge was fascinated by the disease. She loved the patients and wanted to help them and make them feel better. It's a burgeoning field.   [3:48] Dr. Beveridge says that it's only in the last few years that we have had FDA-approved medications for it, and that we have been jerry-rigging asthma medications to treat our patients.   [4:03] Dr. Beveridge says it's really exciting to see the treatment options we can offer.   [4:10] Ryan says it's exciting to see how EoE management has changed.   [4:16] Ryan says we see so many patients who are untreated or poorly treated for years, who have restructuring of their esophagus and present with dysphagia, or have strictures and rings leading to food impactions; the long-term effects of untreated EoE.   [4:34] Ryan says it's exciting that now we do have better treatment options for people, right off the bat.   [4:43] Dr. Beveridge conducted some research on EoE and dysphagia and presented a poster at the 2024 Digestive Diseases Week.   [4:51] The poster was titled, "Esophageal Luminal Diameter is Associated with Dysphagia and Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Implications for Endoscopic Dilation Therapy."   [5:11] Dr. Beveridge says dysphagia means issues with swallowing. It's a feeling of something getting stuck or something slowly moving down. There are also subtle symptoms that can happen.   [5:31] Dr. Beveridge says patients who have had EoE for a long time become accustomed to how they swallow. Things a patient may think are normal, like needing water and taking a sip after each bite, are learned accommodating behaviors.   [5:58] Dr. Beveridge says accommodating behaviors are that you're needing to imbibe extra water, you're modifying how you're eating, extra chewing, avoiding pills, avoiding other certain foods, and things like that that can be modifying factors.   [6:19] So, difficulty with swallowing, things getting stuck, slowly moving down, but also keeping in mind some of those modifying behaviors that we may end up using.   [7:23] Dr. Beveridge says her motivation was seeing patients in her clinic who were having persistent symptoms, and getting them into histological remission. The goal of treating your EoE is to get the eosinophils less than 15; close to zero is great.   [7:45] Dr. Beveridge says we have patients who, despite doing their endoscopies and taking biopsies, things look fine; they're still having issues with swallowing. Why is that the case?   [7:58] Dr. Beveridge says in a different research paper she had done, looking at some of the predictors for that, one of them was fibrostenosis. There are also other things that can contribute, like esophageal hypervigilance and a fear of swallowing.   [8:21] If a patient has had a food impaction, it's going to be scary to try to swallow again. Some of it is behavioral, but some of it is structural. At what luminal diameter (the size of the esophagus) is that causing a clinical problem for patients?   [8:45] A normal esophagus is 20 to 24 mm in diameter. Traditionally, around 14 to 16 mm in diameter has been when we say that patients get symptoms or they're feeling the issues with swallowing.   [9:03] Dr. Beveridge says a lot of those studies have never been done specifically for EoE patients.   [9:08] Dr. Beveridge wanted to know, if we exclude cancer, if we exclude acid reflux, and all of these other things, and just look at our EoE patients, what size of the esophagus are we looking at?   [9:20] Dr. Beveridge explained they specifically looked at patients whose histology was under control and then compared those who continued to experience symptoms with those who did not. The goal was to determine the histologic threshold at which patients begin to experience dysphagia.    [9:54] Dr. Beveridge says they saw this threshold at 16 mm (1.6 cm). That's still quite the difference from a normal esophagus of 20 to 24.   [10:08] Dr. Beveridge says our esophagus can definitely handle being smaller, but then, once you get to that 16 mm, for a lot of patients, it really does cause that feeling of things getting stuck or slowly moving down.   [10:20] Holly says what's cool about the retrospective data Dr. Beveridge looked at, and the parameters she placed in the research, is that when a patient goes in for an endoscopy, the doctor can measure and say maybe this is why dysphagia is going on.   [10:48] Holly finds that adult patients with food impactions are scared to eat the same food again. She loves having this data to share with patients and say, let's look at what your esophagus measures at. Let's do a smaller bite. Let's add a dip and liquid.   [11:12] Holly says data can push so much progress. Holly, having multiple chronic illnesses, loves when doctors can say, this is going to be safe. This is the mode that we're going to go with.   [11:30] Dr. Beveridge says in the retrospective study, they were looking at stuff that had already been done. We decided from here to assess patients more prospectively. All of this was based on chart review from when the note said symptoms or no symptoms.   [11:53] Dr. Beveridge says when she started this EoE clinic at the Cleveland Clinic, part of it was to standardize better how we were collecting data from patients to understand their symptoms.   [12:07] Dr. Beveridge has a standardized questionnaire for patients to understand if they are having heartburn and difficulty with swallowing, so she can know that at each point of their endoscopy.   [12:18] Dr. Beveridge says it will be nice, hopefully in the future, when she can give a little more detail and depth in terms of assessing this more prospectively and seeing if that same number holds up or if she needs to tweak it a little bit.   [12:34] Holly thinks it's fascinating. Numbers give us so much information, to know if my mm is this versus this, the next time, or during allergy season or not.   [12:53] Ryan says it's cool that you're able to look back at existing patient records and identify this information. Now we have that 16 mm number in mind to say maybe this is where we'll start to see increased risk of dysphagia in these patients.   [13:28] Dr. Beveridge says, how we had to do it retrospectively was based on the endoscopist estimating what the size is. Gastroenterologists recognize they're not always the best at estimating the size of the esophagus.   [13:50] Dr. Beveridge says, if your endoscope could not pass through, or it was snugly passing through, you know the diameter of the endoscope. If a dilation was done, at what size dilation do we start to see a disruption?   [14:19] Dr. Beveridge says, the goal of a dilation is to get a disruption because there's scar tissue we want to break open. A patient might think disruption means a perforation or something more scary, but that is the goal. We want to break open that scar tissue.   [14:42] Dr. Beveridge says, once we see that scar tissue break open a little bit, then we can estimate what the diameter is, based on the size dilator we used.   [15:10] Dr. Beveridge says for adults, we use a standard adult upper endoscope, and that's about 13 mm. The ones we use for kids are about 6 mm.   [15:35] Dr. Beveridge says the adult endoscope is around 13 mm, and it's around 14 to 16 mm when we start to see the symptoms.   [16:07] Dr. Beveridge says there are two main types of dilation that we do. One is the Savary dilator or wire-guided dilator, a long dilator that stretches the entire esophagus, from the mouth down to the stomach.   [17:20] Dr. Beveridge says another way of doing it is while you have the endoscope in, you thread a catheter. At the end of the endoscope, there's a balloon. You fill the balloon with saline up to different sizes. Typically, they go up by 3 mm, so 12 to 15 mm.   [18:01] Dr. Beveridge says the catheter balloon dilator is good for discrete strictures because the balloon isn't going to do the entire esophagus; it's just going to do one area of the esophagus, and you're watching it the whole time.   [18:19] For the wire dilator, you remove the scope. You're not able to see, so it's important to assess ahead of time how narrow things are, so you start at a safe dilation. You go in each time to see if there's starting to be disruption, and then you can do more.   [18:44] Holly asks if a gastroenterologist doing an upper endoscopy with sedation sees that it's tight, would the gastroenterologist automatically do a dilation? Or, can a patient with dysphagia symptoms request to have a dilation?   [19:28] Dr. Beveridge says, right before an endoscopy, she discusses it with the patient and gets consent. She asks, even if their symptoms are good, but in the endoscopy she sees a narrowing where she would recommend a dilation, if they're OK with that.   [20:05] Dr. Beveridge says, if they're having issues with swallowing, often she will ask if they're OK with her doing a dilation. If she sees a narrowing, she can focus on that area and dilate it.   [20:19] Dr. Beveridge says not everywhere in the esophagus can we see as well. The very beginning of the esophagus is challenging to see and challenging to evaluate on imaging.   [20:32] Dr. Beveridge talks about empiric dilation. You don't see a narrowing, but you want to rule it out, so you do a dilation at a safe size, like 16 or 18 mm, to make sure you're not missing something up high.   [20:58] Dr. Beveridge says she always talks about that with her patients. Most say, go ahead. Some patients definitely want dilation; other patients say no, they really don't.   [21:12] Dr. Beveridge then asks the patient if there's real narrowing that may cause a food impaction, would they want dilation then, or hold off for another day?   [21:30] Dr. Beveridge never wants to do something the patient is not comfortable with. She also doesn't want them to need another endoscopy unnecessarily, if she can avoid that for them in the moment.   [21:46] Dr. Beveridge mentions the BougieCap used in Europe. It's a cap you put at the end of the endoscope. You use your endoscope as the dilator. You watch the whole time. It is hard plastic that causes a nice dilation. We may see it come to the U.S.   [22:37] Dr. Beveridge speaks of the FLIP catheter, which is a catheter with a balloon that doesn't cause dilation but distends and helps measure the diameter.   [23:33] Holly asks if Dr. Beveridge gives tips to patients on how to prepare for dilation and the recovery process.   [23:49] Dr. Beveridge had an upper endoscopy. She says there's nothing like experience to understand it better. She didn't have a dilation, but the biopsies caused discomfort.    [24:21] Dr. Beveridge says a lot of her patients have been through upper endoscopies, so they know how it feels. She warns them that the biopsies and dilation can cause discomfort.   [24:33] What's challenging is that everyone is different. Some patients are going to be more hypersensitive to it, and other patients are going to say they felt nothing and they were fine.   [24:46] Dr. Beveridge says some patients need to modify their diet for a few days to avoid significant chest pain. You never want someone to have to go to the ER for significant chest pain when it will just heal over time, and there's no perforation.   [25:12] Dr. Beveridge says other patients will be like her, eating chips and pretzels and saying they're fine. Dr. Beveridge typically has them start with liquids, nothing too hot or too cold, and advance as tolerated.   [25:28] Dr. Beveridge says patients can always use TylenolⓇ and over-the-counter numbing agents. You'll still have patients who will get significant discomfort. For the most part, starting with liquids has worked for Dr. Beveridge's patients.   [25:44] Holly recommends over-the-counter when her patients call, after she talks to their GI. Holly says after she has an endoscopy, she starts on liquids and shakes. On day three, she's fine. Holly says individualized care is amazing. We all are different.   [26:14] In the pediatric setting, the parents get the counseling, and they have not had sedation, but on the adult side, you're talking with the patient, who had sedation. Sometimes they don't remember.   [26:40] Dr. Beveridge says when possible, she waits for family members to come back and tells them they're going to have to "be the memory" because the patient probably won't remember this conversation.   [26:55] If a patient says no, they don't want them to come back and hear about it, always respect that. But Dr. Beveridge always tells them, you may not remember what we say.   [27:30] Ryan asks about data on how many times someone may need dilations. Dr. Beveridge says it comes down to the patient, but the biggest issue can be uncontrolled inflammation.   [27:44] Dr. Beveridge says if a patient's EoE is not controlled, inflammation leads to continued scarring down. That's why we talk about dilation as being an adjunctive measure, but not a treatment for EoE. It doesn't do anything for the inflammation.   [28:03] Dr. Beveridge says she has patients who ask why she can't just do a dilation every now and then. Dr. Beveridge considers dilation to be safe when needed, but if you can avoid it, that would be nicer for everyone.   [28:21] Dr. Beveridge says there's no great data on whether you only need one, or whether you're going to need 10, but one big theme is just: have we gotten your inflammation under control? That's also true for other conditions, such as acid reflux.   [28:45] Holly wasn't diagnosed until she was in her mid-twenties, and she had several upper endoscopies as a teenager and college student to dilate her, to help the situation.   [29:17] Holly says she had to get more endoscopies to figure out her weird food triggers that are not typical for everybody, so even if she's treated, she still has inflammation. That's why she had so many upper endoscopies.   [29:30] Ryan talks about underlying issues causing inflammation. Dilation is not treating those underlying causes. It's just helping with one symptom of this dysphagia, by expanding the esophagus.   [29:50] Ryan asks, What changes in symptoms should patients expect after the dilation? Dr. Beveridge says, ideally, if there's been a stricture, you're going to start to feel like your swallowing is better. You can get pills and food down better.   [30:07] Dr. Beveridge says, immediately post-dilation, sometimes people feel a little bit worse. Everything you swallow may be uncomfortable for you. But if it's been a successful dilation, hopefully, you're going to feel that things are going down better.   [30:40] Holly says she is so grateful that Dr. Beveridge looked into this, and hopefully, there will be a new protocol in the future. Holly asks what other key takeaways from this research may interest Dr. Beveridge in researching something further.   [31:02] Dr. Beveridge says, making sure that we're not missing scar tissue is big and important. One thing that we're trying to look at with our Pediatric GI colleagues is what threshold we should be looking at for the pediatric patient population.   [31:19] Dr. Beveridge says a pediatric patient's esophagus is a different size than an adult patient's. Understandably, we are more cautious when doing a dilation in the pediatric patient population than we are with adults.   [31:34] Dr. Beveridge may recommend empiric dilation for an adult but will feel more cautious about that with pediatric patients than with adult patients. Understanding what that threshold should be for the pediatrics is going to be really interesting.   [31:57] Dr. Beveridge says the diameter threshold we discussed is going to be important to know about, but everyone is different. You may have a diameter of 14 mm, you feel fine, and you don't want a dilation; you can accommodate OK. That's reasonable.   [32:15] Dr. Beveridge says she has had patients who get up to 18 mm, and that helps them, but they need a little bit more. If someone needs more of a dilation, we do that. Yes, have a threshold to assess, but always assess for what's personal for your patient.   [33:04] Dr. Beveridge says not just to assess the luminal diameter, but a thing that is helpful for gastroenterologists to know will be if there are other factors at play. As in her study of dysphagia predictors, anxiety, depression, and hypervigilance can play roles.   [33:37] Dr. Beveridge has patients who have to have a critical narrowing for them to finally feel an issue. Other patients, if they have the slightest of narrowing, are feeling something. Some patients are just more vigilant of what's happening in their esophagus.   [34:07] Dr. Beveridge says there's definitely a role for asking if your anxiety is under control. If there's feedback in the nerves, should we ask your GI Psychologist to be involved in terms of CBT for your esophagus? Take a look at everything.   [34:27] Dr. Beveridge says another part of the study they looked at was: are there different thresholds of eosinophils that we should be looking at? Is it just less than 15, or do some patients need it to be lower? Less than six? Less than 10?   [34:43] Dr. Beveridge says look at it as a whole for your patient.   [34:53] Dr. Beveridge says next, she will be working on a very long-term project: Can we identify a non-invasive method of screening a patient, diagnosing a patient for EoE, or monitoring a response to therapy?   [35:13] Dr. Beveridge has looked at transnasal endoscopy, which is put into this category of minimally invasive. It's still invasive; you're putting a scope through someone's nose, but it doesn't require sedation, which is a nice thing for some patients.   [35:29] There's the EnteroTrack, which started in Colorado. A patient swallows a string, and it stays in their esophagus for an hour, and we look at the proteins to see if things are active or not active.   [35:45] Dr. Beveridge is also looking at the breath metabolome. If we breathe into a bag and take a look at all the volatile organic compounds that are in our breath, can we find a signature related to EoE?   [36:01] It's assessing about 100 different compounds, not looking at one in particular, but how the whole thing looks. What signature is there, based on looking at all the compounds?   [36:15] Dr. Beveridge presented some of that data at DDW and has a grant from the ACG to look at this and assess patients with and without EoE.   [36:33] Dr. Beveridge says further, doing longitudinal data of looking at patients once they've gotten into remission on treatment and seeing, do we then see a signature change?   [36:47] Dr. Beveridge says no one is under any illusion that endoscopies are going away. They will always be part of what we do in gastroenterology, but there are limitations: sedation, a full day away from work, nothing by mouth, and a driver, etc.   [37:04] If there are alternatives to help supplement that, it would be nice. One of the barriers for patients doing diet elimination is the number of endoscopies that are required. If there's a way to assess by breath if a food is a trigger, that would be good.   [37:32] Dr. Beveridge says that's the big thing she's looking at, but it will take years. It's not going to be a quick, easy one, but it's very interesting to take a look at.   [37:45] Holly speaks of how much treatment has changed since she was diagnosed. She has done all the scopes. She says this sounds amazing. She loves that people like Dr. Beveridge are thinking of how to make testing less invasive and more comfortable.   [38:12] Dr. Beveridge says another thing she is excited about is the transition of care. She recently did a survey and is analyzing the data to assess what the barrier is from the physician perspective in terms of helping our patients transition.   [38:40] Dr. Beveridge is also looking at doing a nice multi-center consensus to help this as well, led by Dr. Sophia Patel and Dr. Emily McGowan, who are fantastic in the EoE world, looking to see how we can make this better for our patients.   [38:58] Ryan says, with so much interesting work coming up, we'll have to have you back to chat about some of these additional projects. Everyone is super interested in less invasive stuff and better treatment pathways. Transition of care is an important part of that.   [39:11] Ryan appreciates Dr. Beveridge for joining the conversation and hopes to have her back on another episode so we can learn more about EoE and these different future research endeavors.   [39:20] For our listeners who would like to learn more about EoE today, you can visit apfed.org/EoE and check out the links in the show notes below. [39:27] If you're looking to find specialists who treat eosinophilic disorders, we encourage you to use APFED's Specialist Finder, available at apfed.org/specialist.   [39:36] If you'd like to connect with others impacted by eosinophilic diseases, please join APFED's online community on the Inspire Network at apfed.org/connections.   [39:46] If you have personally been impacted by eosinophilic disorders and are interested in sharing your experience, please check out apfed.org/shareyourstory.   [39:55] Ryan thanks Dr. Beveridge for joining us. This was a fun conversation and really insightful. Holly thanks APFED's Education Partners AstraZeneca, GSK, Sanofi, Regeneron, and Takeda for supporting this episode.   Mentioned in This Episode:   APFED on YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram Real Talk: Eosinophilic Diseases Podcast apfed.orgapfed.org/specialist apfed.org/connections Claire Beveridge, MD Cleveland Clinic Education Partners: This episode of APFED's podcast is brought to you thanks to the support of AstraZeneca, GSK, Sanofi, Regeneron, and Takeda.   Tweetables (Edited):   "I have loved the work that we've done [at the Cleveland Clinic]. It's been really nice to center everything on our EoE patients and have nice multidisciplinary care with speech-language pathologists, allergists, dietitians, pulmonologists, and everyone." — Claire Beveridge, MD   "It's a little crazy to think that it's only in the last few years that we have had FDA-approved medications for [EoE], and that we have been jerry-rigging asthma medications to treat our patients." — Claire Beveridge, MD   "On the whole, dysphagia means issues with swallowing. … It's a feeling of something getting stuck or something slowly moving down. There are also subtle symptoms that can happen." — Claire Beveridge, MD   "The goal of a dilation is to get a disruption because there's scar tissue we want to break open." — Claire Beveridge, MD   "I am looking at the breath metabolome. If we breathe into a bag and take a look at all the volatile organic compounds that are in our breath, can we find a signature related to EoE?" — Claire Beveridge, MD   Guest Bio: Claire Beveridge, MD, is a Staff Member in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and heads the Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) adult clinic as well as the transition pediatric to adult EoE clinic. Dr. Beveridge's specialty interests include: EoE, Achalasia, Barrett's esophagus, GERD, esophageal swallowing disorders, and esophageal motility disorders.

In the fall of 1982, seven people in the Chicago area died after taking Tylenol capsules that had been laced with cyanide. The victims ranged from a 12-year-old girl to a young mother who had just given birth. None of them knew each other, and none of them had any idea what was in the bottles sitting in their medicine cabinets. The killings triggered a nationwide panic, transformed how every over-the-counter medication is packaged, and gave rise to the term "product tampering" as a federal crime. But more than four decades later, no one has ever been charged with the murders. In this episode of Murder: True Crime Stories, host Carter Roy revisits one of the most chilling unsolved cases in American history, the suspects who came and went over the years, and the question that still haunts investigators: who walked into those stores, and why did they choose Tylenol?Head over to our Murder True Crime Stories YouTube channel to WATCH our video episodes: https://www.youtube.com/@MurderTrueCrimeStoriesIf you're new here, don't forget to follow Murder: True Crime Stories to never miss a case! Want all 2 parts of every case all at once? Join Crime House+ and get both parts of each case dropped at once ad-free. Join at crimehouseplus.com or if you're listening on Apple Podcasts, tap “Try Free” at the top of this show's page. Murder: True Crime Stories is a Crime House Original Podcast, powered by PAVE Studios.

Meta is flooding the market with smartglasses and privacy advocates are up in arms. China wants more babies so they are cracking down on chatbot love affair. Dr. Jim Keany, Chief Medical Officer at Dignity Health St. Mary Medical Center in Long Beach, joins The Bill Handel Show for 'Medical News'! Dr. Keany speaks on a new simplified lung cancer screening and Tylenol lawsuits.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Dr. Jim Keany, Chief Medical Officer at Dignity Health St. Mary Medical Center in Long Beach, joins The Bill Handel Show for 'Medical News'! Dr. Keany talks with Bill about a new simplified lung cancer screening and Tylenol lawsuits.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This Day in Legal History: The Sedition Act of 1798On July 14, 1798, Congress passed the Sedition Act, the most notorious of the four laws known collectively as the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Sedition Act made it a federal crime to write, print, utter, or publish “any false, scandalous and malicious writing” against the government of the United States, the Congress, or the President—with the intent to defame them or bring them into disrepute. In plain terms, it criminalized criticism of the government.The context was a Federalist administration, under President John Adams, gripped by fear of France and of domestic dissent, and eager to silence the opposition press aligned with Thomas Jefferson's Republicans. And that's exactly how it was used. Federal prosecutors went after Republican newspaper editors and even a sitting congressman, securing convictions for the crime of harsh political speech. Notably, the Act was written to expire in 1801—conveniently, the moment Adams's term would end—so that it could be wielded against his critics but would not outlive his own hold on power.The reaction was fierce and consequential. Jefferson and James Madison drafted the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions arguing the Act was unconstitutional, and the ensuing backlash helped sweep Jefferson into the presidency in 1800; once in office, he pardoned those convicted under it. The Sedition Act was never tested at the Supreme Court, but history rendered its verdict. More than a century and a half later, in New York Times v. Sullivan, the Court looked back and declared that the Act's assault on free expression had been repudiated “in the court of history,” using it as a touchstone for modern First Amendment law. The lesson of July 14, 1798 endures: laws that punish criticism of the government are almost always tools of the powerful against their critics—and a free press is most necessary precisely when the state would prefer it silent.Federal prosecutors have issued subpoenas seeking to compel four New York Times journalists to testify before a Manhattan grand jury, part of a leak investigation into the paper's reporting on security concerns surrounding President Trump's flight on the new Qatari-donated Air Force One. Federal agents delivered some of the subpoenas to the reporters' homes. Here's the legal terrain. There is no absolute federal reporter's privilege—the Supreme Court held decades ago that the First Amendment doesn't categorically shield journalists from grand jury subpoenas—but the Justice Department has long operated under internal guidelines that made going after reporters a last resort. Those guardrails matter here, because in 2025 Attorney General Pam Bondi rescinded the Biden-era policy that had sharply limited subpoenas against journalists, restoring broader authority to pursue them. The Times says it will fight, and can ask a court to quash the subpoenas as overbroad, issued in bad faith, or violating the First Amendment. The significance is the pressure this puts on newsgathering: when the government can subpoena reporters to unmask their sources, sources stop talking, and the kind of national-security reporting at issue here gets harder to do. Press-freedom groups warn this administration has reached for subpoenas and search warrants against journalists—at the Times, the Post, and the Wall Street Journal—more freely than its predecessors.Explainer: Can prosecutors compel New York Times journalists to testify in leak probe? | ReutersA federal judge has voided President Trump's roughly $1.78 billion settlement with the IRS, delivering a scathing rebuke and referring his lawyers for possible discipline. The backstory is unusual. Trump sued his own administration in January over the leak of his tax returns, and by late May had reached a deal with the IRS to create an “anti-weaponization” fund and to “forever bar” the government from any action related to his past tax returns—protection extending to his family and businesses. U.S. District Judge Kathleen Williams found the whole thing was a setup. The core legal defect is the absence of what courts call adverseness. Federal courts can only decide genuine “cases or controversies”—real disputes between opposing parties. Here, Judge Williams wrote, “there was never adverseness between the Parties; there was never a case or controversy; and there was never a question as to who would prevail,” because Trump was effectively suing himself, with his own Justice Department on the other side agreeing to lose. She found the case was brought for an improper purpose: to get a court's stamp of legitimacy on a settlement with no basis in law or fact. She sanctioned Trump's attorneys and referred one, Alejandro Brito, to the Florida bar, and suggested Acting Attorney General Todd Blanche should face discipline too. The significance is a court refusing to be used as a rubber stamp—insisting that its legitimacy can't be borrowed to bless a collusive deal dressed up as litigation.US judge voids Trump's settlement with IRS | ReutersA federal appeals court has revived more than 500 private lawsuits against Kenvue, the maker of Tylenol, alleging that acetaminophen use during pregnancy caused autism and ADHD in children—and here it's worth being clear about the science before the law. There is no firm scientific evidence that Tylenol causes autism or ADHD. The most rigorous recent research, including a large Swedish sibling-comparison study of millions of children, found no causal link once you control for genetic and environmental factors shared within families; mainstream medical bodies continue to regard acetaminophen as one of the safer pain and fever options in pregnancy, and untreated high fevers carry their own real risks. So this ruling is not a finding that Tylenol is dangerous. What the Second Circuit actually decided was narrower and procedural: that the trial judge had wrongly excluded the plaintiffs' expert witnesses. Under the rules governing expert testimony, judges act as “gatekeepers,” admitting expert opinion only if it rests on reliable methodology. The district court had tossed the plaintiffs' experts as unreliable; the appeals court, per Judge Guido Calabresi, said their methods reflected approaches other scientists use and amounted to “acceptable interpretations of scientific evidence where scientists may, and in fact do, disagree.” Crucially, the court stressed it was not deciding whether Tylenol actually causes these conditions. The significance is about who weighs contested science—the ruling lets juries, not just judges, hear the dispute, which is a real win for the plaintiffs procedurally even though the underlying causation case remains, on the current evidence, weak.US appeals court revives private lawsuits linking Tylenol to autism, ADHD | ReutersAnd finally, in my column for Bloomberg Tax this week, I take on a counterintuitive idea: that big corporate taxpayers may come to miss the boring, predictable world of administrative tax law now that the Supreme Court has overruled Chevron deference. My argument, in short, is that a weaker IRS and Treasury is not the unalloyed win a lot of multinationals assume it is.Here's the setup. For forty years, under Chevron, courts deferred to a federal agency's reasonable interpretation of an ambiguous statute. With Chevron gone, courts no longer have to defer to Treasury's reading of the tax code just because the statute is vague and the agency has expertise. A lot of corporate taxpayers cheered that—less agency power sounds like more freedom. But my point is that killing Chevron did nothing to remove the underlying ambiguity in the tax code; it just moved the job of resolving that ambiguity to a different desk. And there are only two other desks it can land on, and I don't love either one for a company that wants predictability.The first desk belongs to the courts. If Treasury can't issue as many binding, prospective rules, then more of these questions get resolved through litigation—case by case, on particular records, often years after the transactions are done. Courts are built to handle controversies, not to administer a global corporate tax system. The Coca-Cola transfer-pricing fight is the stress test I point to: a company may win a great refund that way, but you can't organize a multinational's affairs around the hope that every ambiguous question turns into a bespoke judicial adventure. The second desk belongs to Congress, which is the more democratically satisfying answer—Congress writes the code and is politically accountable. But in practice Congress moves slowly and episodically, usually only when tax changes ride along on some bigger budget deal. By the time Congress fixes an international tax problem, the business model that created it has been reorganized twice and pivoted to something involving AI.So the core of my argument is that corporate taxpayers need to distinguish between a useful litigation win and a stable legal environment—those two things don't always travel together. A bad but clear rule can be modeled and planned around; an ambiguous rule, as I put it, isn't really a rule, it's a threat in the shape of a Treasury notice. My prescription is that Congress should make clearer, more deliberate delegations where technical administration is unavoidable—transfer pricing, international tax, anti-abuse rules—and that Treasury should do a post-Chevron audit of its own regulations to flag where the code is asking too much of administration and too little of legislation. Because the real choice here isn't between IRS power and taxpayer freedom. It's between prospective administration and retroactive improvisation—and multinationals may get their wish, see the IRS diminished, and then find themselves stuck with rules everyone knows are broken but no one can fix.Big Corporate Taxpayers Need More Clarity in a Post-Chevron World | Bloomberg Tax This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Muy buenos días, Chipotle está a punto de abrir en México con el mayor reto de todos. Hay buenas nuevas para la exportación de azúcar mexicana. En una parte dos sobre la caída de Nvidia, hay un banco que desestima los cuatro miedos que rondan sobre esta empresa en bolsa. Hablamos de la inflación en Venezuela y las demandas contra Tylenol por presuntos casos de autismo se reactivan en Estados Unidos. Patrocinado | Aeroméxico, la aerolínea más puntual del mundo por segundo año consecutivo. Conoce más aquí. https://www.bloomberglinea.com/brandedcontent/aeromexico-es-la-aerolinea-mas-puntual-del-mundo-por-segundo-ano-consecutivo-segun-el-reporte-de-cirium/

Every single cell in our body needs glutathione.  Most of us are low without knowing it. Dr. Gina Nick is a naturopathic physician, researcher, and the world's leading expert on glutathione, which she has penned “Vitamin G”.  She joins Dr. Susan Fox to talk about why this master antioxidant keeps showing up at the center of unexplained infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and autoimmune dysfunction that standard labs keep missing.She explains that glutathione lives inside the mitochondria of every cell, what happens when environmental toxins and aging deplete it, and why the form you take matters as much as the amount. More is not always better with this one. They also get into perimenopause, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, what Tylenol does to your glutathione levels, and why this conversation matters for male factor fertility too. This episode is for you if you've been told your infertility is unexplained and something still doesn't feel resolved you've had recurrent losses or failed transfers and want to know what else to look at you have a known or suspected autoimmune condition you're preparing for an IVF cycle and want to know what you can do before, during, and after you're in your late thirties or early forties and starting to notice perimenopause symptoms you want one simple, practical thing you can start today.Support your fertility journey with Preconception Plan at Health Youniversity. Learn more here:  https://healthyouniversity.co/programs Website: https://drgina.com/

What's up, dudes? If you're looking for the ultimate Dolly Christmas special, her 1990 NBC holiday TV event “Dolly Parton: Christmas at Home” is a heartwarming trip back to a simpler Christmas. CJ Bélanger from Rose Suchak Ladder and I have a blast with this one! The special was made to coincide with the release of her new Christmas album. It follows Dolly from a charming Christmas store to a garland-filled Nashville recording studio in the middle of July—where she records holiday classics surrounded by enough tinsel, bows, and magnificent mullets to make any child of the ‘80s smile. From there, she heads home to Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, reuniting with her family for playful sibling teasing, treasured childhood memories, and unforgettable performances of Christmas favorites including “I'll Be Home for Christmas,” “Deck the Halls,” “We Three Kings,” “Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer,” and “O Little Town of Bethlehem.” It's classic Dolly: equal parts laughter, storytelling, heartfelt nostalgia, and sparkling holiday magic.As the special continues, Dolly visits a nursing home, takes children through Dollywood during Christmastime, shares touching stories about homemade gifts and family traditions, and celebrates the true meaning of Christmas with performances of “Little Drummer Boy,” “Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town,” “Joy to the World,” “The First Noel,” “Go Tell It on the Mountain,” and a beautiful closing rendition of “Silent Night.” Watching today also offers a delightful time capsule of 1990 Christmas commercials, featuring Chevy, Kodak, McDonald's, Toys “R” Us, Tylenol, and other nostalgic favorites that instantly transport viewers back to the golden age of holiday television. Filled with faith, family, unforgettable music, and enough Christmas spirit to light up the Smoky Mountains, this is one Dolly Parton Christmas special that deserves a place on every retro holiday watchlist.One hundred year old carousel? Check. Wagon rides? Got it. Brothers teasing a sister's looks? Definitely! So grab your guitar, sing about the wisemen, and visit a nursing home with this episode on “Dolly Parton: Christmas at Home!”Rose Suchak LadderIG: @rosesuchakladderpodGive us a buzz! Send a text, dudes!Check us out on Facebook, Twitter,  Instagram,  Totally Rad Christmas Mall & Arcade, Teepublic.com, or TotallyRadChristmas.com!  Later, dudes!

What separates companies that recover from a crisis from those that collapse overnight?In this episode of Corporate Finance Explained, we explore the role of crisis management, corporate trust, and crisis communication in protecting shareholder value and long-term business success. Through real-world case studies, we examine why communication during a crisis is far more than public relations. It is a strategic financial asset that can determine whether a company survives or fails.Using examples including Silicon Valley Bank, Credit Suisse, Johnson & Johnson's Tylenol crisis, and Starbucks' 2008 turnaround, we break down how trust influences investor confidence, customer loyalty, liquidity, and corporate resilience.

On this week's episode of JAMXP, the Elder Emos went to Warped Tour... and somehow survived.On Episode 157, Jess and Chris compare notes from two different Warped Tour weekends... Orlando 2025 and Washington, DC 2026. From the bands they saw and nostalgic moments to aching backs, sore feet, and realizing they're definitely not in their 20s anymore, the duo shares everything about their festival experiences.Who had the better lineup? Which bands stole the show? Did Warped Tour still feel like home after all these years? And most importantly, how much Tylenol was required afterward? Plus Jess and Chris give out a few tips for anyone heading out to any of the remaining stops of Warped Tour!Tune in for a fun conversation filled with music, memories, and plenty of Elder Emo shenanigans.

TODAY ON THE ROBERT SCOTT BELL SHOW: FDA Operation "TrialBlazer", Dr. William Parker, Tylenol and Autism, Gentiana Lutea, FDA Autopsy False Reporting, Brian Hooker, Persecution of Vaccine Safety Scientists, Autism Studies Retracted, Supplement Surge, and MORE! https://robertscottbell.com/fda-launches-trialblazer-dr-parker-tylenol-and-autism-gentiana-lutea-fda-child-autopsy-false-reporting-brian-hooker-autism-studies-supplement-surge-and-more/ Purpose and Character The use of copyrighted material on the website is for non-commercial, educational purposes, and is intended to provide benefit to the public through information, critique, teaching, scholarship, or research. Nature of Copyrighted Material Weensure that the copyrighted material used is for supplementary and illustrative purposes and that it contributes significantly to the user's understanding of the content in a non-detrimental way to the commercial value of the original content. Amount and Substantiality Our website uses only the necessary amount of copyrighted material to achieve the intended purpose and does not substitute for the original market of the copyrighted works. Effect on Market Value The use of copyrighted material on our website does not in any way diminish or affect the market value of the original work. We believe that our use constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Law. If you believe that any content on the website violates your copyright, please contact us providing the necessary information, and we will take appropriate action to address your concern.

Pregnancy and the postpartum period are critical windows of increased stroke risk, driven by physiologic changes such as hypercoagulability and blood pressure fluctuations. This episode highlights key warning signs, including headache and hypertension, along with practical guidance on evaluation, management, and risk reduction to improve outcomes for pregnant and postpartum patients. In this episode, Kait Nevel, MD, speaks with Michelle H. Leppert, MD, author of the article "Pregnancy and Stroke Risk" in the Continuum® June 2026 Cerebrovascular Disease issue. Dr. Nevel is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a neurologist and neuro-oncologist at Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Leppert is an associate professor of neurology at Tufts Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts. Additional Resources Read the article: Pregnancy and Stroke Risk Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @IUneurodocmom Guest: @humich Full episode transcript available here Dr Nevel: The time during and around pregnancy is often thought of as a very joyful time, full of hope. But for some, medical complications such as stroke can lead to devastating disability and sometimes even death. Today, we're going to learn about pregnancy and postpartum stroke, including stroke risk evaluation and best practices in management and risk reduction to help our pregnant and peripartum patients reduce stroke risk and achieve best possible outcomes.  Dr Jones: This is Dr. Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast.  Dr Nevel: Hello, this is Dr. Kait Nevel. Today, I'm interviewing Dr. Michelle Leppert about her article on pregnancy and stroke risk. This article appears in the June 2026 Continuum issue on cerebrovascular disease. Michelle, welcome to the podcast, and please introduce yourself to the audience.  Dr Leppert: My name is Michelle Leppert. I'm a stroke neurologist, and I currently work at the Tufts Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts.  Dr Nevel: Thank you so much for being here, Michelle, and I'm looking forward to talking to you about your article. I always love starting with the question, what's the most important takeaway from your article for the practicing neurologist?  Dr Leppert: I think in this article, I'm trying to highlight that during pregnancy and especially postpartum, there's a heightened risk of stroke for women, and that's important for clinical neurologists to understand that this is a particularly vulnerable time for the population that we take care of. I think that one of the few of the things that could be informing this heightened stroke risk are the physiological changes that women undergo during pregnancy. So, that includes coagability, where there's an increased likelihood of clotting, and also the cardiovascular adaptations, including increased cardiac output and having an increased cardiac volume. And all of these mechanisms all contribute to the increased risk of strokes around pregnancy and postpartum.  Dr Nevel: Great. Thanks for that. What are some of the unique aspects of stroke types in etiology in pregnancy that we should be aware of?  Dr Leppert: When we think of strokes overall, generally the majority of our strokes are ischemic. So, for the overall population, about eighty-seven percent of strokes are ischemic, while the remainder are hemorrhagic. However, interestingly, during pregnancy, what we're seeing is about half of our strokes become hemorrhagic strokes, and now only a half of our strokes are ischemic, and this is in contrast to what we see in the overall population. One of the reasons is because pregnancy is associated with preeclampsia, and preeclampsia increases the risk of hemorrhagic stroke during pregnancy.  Dr Nevel: Can you tell us just more about headache in general in pregnancy and association of headache with secondary causes of headache and how that relates to stroke risk in this patient population? It seems like in this patient population that when somebody has a headache, we need to be very careful in our headache questions and evaluation.  Dr Leppert: Yeah. And I think the most concerning symptom that we're finding in this population is headaches, and the reason is because headaches is one of the clinical signs of having preeclampsia, which dramatically increases your risk of having a stroke, and especially a hemorrhagic stroke. So just to back up, we can talk about blood pressure for a little bit and some of the pathophysiologic changes during pregnancy. What most people may not know is that there's a dramatic vascular expansion that occurs during pregnancy. And somewhere during the second trimester, your blood pressure is actually the lowest. So, it can drop below pre-pregnancy levels and make your blood pressure appear low for the baseline. However, during the third trimester, as the baby is growing, there is increased vascular volume. The blood pressure starts to increase. We're seeing some of the highest prevalence of blood pressures, which is a sign for preeclampsia, and headaches develop during that third trimester, and particularly during the time around delivery and postpartum. And one of the most concerning signs, the most common sign of preeclampsia is having a headache. So, I think that with any patient that's presenting with a headache, especially during the third trimester or after delivery, that we really need to pay attention and take their blood pressure. That's one of the easiest clinical indicators that something could be going very wrong. Some of the other red flags clinically that we look for in headaches is that acute onset of a severe headache. That headache quality is different from what they usually have. Any woman with focal neurological symptoms associated with their headache, kind of excessive nausea and vomiting that's not characteristic for them. Not getting any relief with medications, and then lastly, checking that blood pressure is very important.  Dr Nevel: And what are the thoughts on blood pressure management in this patient population? I know that there is a little bit of difference in guidance in some of the obstetric societies on how we should manage blood pressure in this patient population. And then, is there anything beyond blood pressure management that we should be thinking about doing for this patient population to reduce their stroke risk?  Dr Leppert: I think that's a good question, and I hadn't really understood that this could be an area of controversy, cause my practice is mostly in stroke, and for most of adult population, the guidelines for blood pressure is very clear. We treat everybody over 130/80. If you're elderly, then your blood pressure limit might be a little higher. However, there's disagreement in the OBGYN guidelines from the American guidelines to the European guidelines. So, what the current American guidelines suggests is that if you have a history of chronic hypertension, then we would want your blood pressure treated during pregnancy below 140/90. However, if you don't have a history of chronic hypertension, then we allow the blood pressure to be higher and then it's an acute intervention if it's anything over 160. One of the issues with this strategy that is concerning is we had just mentioned that the pathophysiology of a pregnancy where you have the lowest blood pressure in that second trimester, and so your blood pressure may be abnormally good. [laughs] And it appears that it's better than your baseline. And so, by the OBGYN definition, any gestational blood hypertension is considered at 20 weeks and later. Sometimes these blood pressures are masked in some women who are pregnant. I think regardless of the controversy and what the practice should be, the focus is that most of the strokes are happening actually peripartum and postpartum, right? So, the woman's no longer pregnant. It is these time periods of the highest risk that we wanna make sure that the blood pressure is controlled. So, after the woman delivers the baby, we're no longer, you know, hampered by the whatever is chronic or gestational. We should be treating that blood pressure to 140/90. I think that not focusing on the controversy until the science catches up is probably what we should do. But like, really, the message here is that we should be checking women around the time of delivery and also postpartum, that we can't forget about their blood pressures postpartum, cause it actually doesn't peak until day five after they deliver the baby.  Dr Nevel: Does knowing that, that blood pressure peaks around day five, do you think that that should impact how we counsel patients in checking their blood pressure at home? Cause most women at day five are home. They're not still in the hospital.  Dr Leppert: Yeah, I think that's a really good point. One of the best interventions has been having a blood pressure at home for pregnant women. So even during their pregnancy and then postpartum, allow them to check their blood pressures, cause there's... Most of the cases, to be honest, that I've seen of preeclampsia and intracranial hemorrhage has happened postpartum. And I think what's unfortunate is that the woman is at home, they're distracted cause they have a newborn baby. They have a headache. They're just taking some Tylenol. And then if you have that blood pressure cuff readily accessible, that's a, a really easy way for them to check and notice that, hey, the blood pressure's too high, they have to go into the hospital.  Dr Nevel: Yeah, absolutely, and it's not just like a headache because you're sleep deprived and have a newborn. It's a headache that you need to pay attention to. Okay, maybe we could talk a little bit now about evaluation when we are suspicious of potential stroke. What do we need to know about imaging modalities and safety considerations of imaging in this patient population?  Dr Leppert: Yeah, that's a great question. I think when I was training, it was fairly controversial to give a pregnant woman MR contrast with gadolinium during their pregnancy. And as I was researching for this article, actually there's not definitive evidence that that is harmful for the fetus. However, in general, for the acute evaluation of patients during pregnancy, we're recommending using the CAT scan and then a CT angiogram. And then if the acute evaluation is not necessary, then an MRI. And if we need vessel imaging, you can employ an MRA time-of-flight study. That doesn't require the gadolinium contrast. However, one thing that I learned from this article that I thought was really interesting was the use of abdominal shielding. So, you're scanning someone's brain. I always thought, "Hey, doesn't it make sense to put a lead shield over the abdomen?" It turns out the lead shield actually interferes with the automatic calibration of the CT machine, so studies have found that actually increases the dose of radiation that the fetus is exposed to. So, it's much better when we're doing acute evaluations to not shield the abdomen, and really the only thing that can help reduce the radiation dose is the duration of the study. So, what we would recommend is if you want a rapid CT angiogram, rapid CT head, go ahead and obtain it. But if you don't need extra sequences, like a delayed phase of the CT angiogram, then to avoid that and reduce the exposure. Dr Nevel: I'm so glad that you talked about that because I was shocked when I read that in your article that we shouldn't be using abdominal shielding in pregnant women. I had no clue. I thought that that was, like, something that we absolutely should do. So, I found that really interesting. Thank you for that. So, any special considerations for acute stroke intervention or management in pregnancy in the postpartum phase, especially things like thrombolysis and thrombectomy?  Dr Leppert: Yeah. So, I think that as our evidence is getting better for thrombectomy, I would be more judicious about using IV thrombolysis, especially around the time of delivery, cause there is some evidence that it can be associated with postpartum hemorrhage. Patient selection, I think, is key here. So, women who have disability associated with their stroke, and then women who aren't candidates for thrombectomies are still candidates for IV thrombolysis. But understanding that this is a little bit of an unchartered territory for us, and only using IV thrombolytics when we think that there is a big benefit to be had.  Dr Nevel: Can you talk a little bit more about RCVS and PRESS in pregnancy and some of the overlap that we see in this patient population and its relationship to preeclampsia? It seems like there's a lot of interconnections there, and I thought that that was pretty interesting in your article.  Dr Leppert: Right now, the thinking is that RCVS and PRESS are on the same spectrum of pathology, and we think that it has something to do with the autoregulation of vascular resistance in the posterior circulation of the brain. We're not sure what triggers this, but there is something about pregnancy that classically we'll see this postpartum RCVS phenomenon. It likely has to do also with blood pressure that we're seeing. So really classically we think of this, like, thunderclap headache. You see vasospasms on imaging that is transient, that are kind of the classical signs of RCVS. But I think that we're still not completely sure what triggers it, but it's a very well-described clinical phenomenon.  Dr Nevel: Great. Thank you. Could you share a little bit about migraines in pregnancy and stroke risk? [laughs] I also thought that this also a segment of your article that caught my attention because migraines are so common. What's the association of migraine, pregnancy, and stroke risk?  Dr Leppert: Yeah. So that's a very complicated association. So, we know that migraines are associated independently with strokes, and especially people with migraines with aura. However, migraines are also highly associated with PFOs, right? And during pregnancy, what we see is that there is a hypercoagulability state, and so we see lots more DVTs, we see more PEs associated with women during pregnancy. So potentially, because migraineurs also are more likely to have PFOs, they could be presenting with more cardioembolic, kind of paradoxical emboli from these thrombus. But I'm not quite sure that we know why migraines in and of itself, especially with migraines with aura, lead to strokes. And especially during pregnancy, I'm not sure because we have very little understanding about pathophysiology of pregnancy while having migraines with aura also leads to more strokes, or that risk is really just associated with PFOs. So, I think that we need to think about that a lot more. The recommendation is a baby aspirin if you have some of these risk factors for preeclampsia, any vascular risk factors, and including migraines with aura during pregnancy. And we think that baby aspirin is relatively safe, especially starting around the 12 to 16-week period.  Dr Nevel: So just to clarify, in a woman who's pregnant, who's 12 weeks or beyond in their pregnancy and who has migraine with aura, is that a patient that we should consider aspirin for them to reduce their stroke risk?  Dr Leppert: I think you can. I am not sure that there is a specific recommendation. I think that, like, a conversation with your OBGYN is, you know, a good idea. But we do recommend that baby aspirin for women, um, above 35 years old because it's considered advanced maternal age. And then we recommend baby aspirin with women with a history of hypertension, multiple gestations, diabetes, renal disease, autoimmune disease. So, I definitely think that is something to consider.  Dr Nevel: Yeah. Interesting. Okay, great. Thank you for that. When someone has a stroke and they're pregnant again, what are some strategies for secondary stroke prevention? And you mentioned some of the primary risk reduction, but are there any others that you haven't mentioned yet other than aspirin and blood pressure control for primary prevention? Dr Leppert: Yeah, absolutely. So, I think that it's important to plan ahead. So, for women who are thinking about getting pregnant after they've had a stroke, one of the tenets of stroke neurology is trying to figure out why the first stroke happened. So, I feel like before getting pregnant, it's great to have a very thorough stroke workup so that you understand what the risk factors were and that those risk factors are controlled. One of the interventions, one of the only interventions that's, has evidence in young people with strokes is PFO closure. So, if you do have a stroke from a PFO, we recommend you get that closed prior to your pregnancy because then hopefully even given the hypercoagulability of pregnancy, there's some protection against another embolic stroke.  Dr Nevel: Another really interesting part of your article that I did not know before I read it was about the risk of cardiovascular disease long term in women who have had stroke during pregnancy. Could you talk a little bit more about that?  Dr Leppert: What we understand is that gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension sets you up for having diabetes and hypertension later on in life, and it's really developing the actual diabetes to the hypertension that increases your risk of strokes. So, what's really an important takeaway for providers is that after women develop gestational diabetes or they have gestational hypertension or they develop preeclampsia, it's very important for their primary or their neurologist to be very vigilant of these risk factors developing so that they can be modified before the women are at higher risk for strokes. And the reason why we think this happens is because pregnancy is like a stress test for your body. And so, the fact that you've developed the gestational diabetes or the gestational hypertension kind of already suggests that you're more likely and more vulnerable to developing these traditional risk factors later on.  Dr Nevel: That makes sense. Thank you for that. What do you think is a common misconception about stroke in pregnancy?  Dr Leppert: When I was earlier in my training, it kind of felt like having a stroke during pregnancy was being struck by lightning. It was really random. There was nothing you could do. It just happened to people. And I think as I learned more in my career, and especially researching for this article, I'm kind of shocked and disturbed by how much of the strokes in pregnancy we can actually prevent. Through management and monitoring of blood pressure for women. And so, I do think that it does our patients a disservice if we think that these are rogue events. But really, it might be a sign of the failure of our health system where we're not taking care of women around their delivery and postpartum and being more vigilant about their blood pressure and more vigilant about the clinical signs that they're developing.  Dr Nevel: Yeah, I really got that from your article, how important it is to monitor for blood pressure and other risk factors, and that that continues after the baby's born. Thank you so much for that, and thank you for talking with me today about your article about stroke and pregnancy. Again, today I've been interviewing Dr. Michelle Leppert about her article on pregnancy and stroke risk. This article appears in the June 2026 Continuum issue on cerebral vascular disease. Please be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues. And thank you so much to our listeners for joining us today.  Dr Monteith: This is Dr. Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal which is full of in depth, and clinically relevant information, important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members– you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Dr Dane Snyder visits the studio as we consider Tylenol and autism. Parents may hear mixed messages… with the headlines saying one thing and medical providers saying something different. So, what are moms and dads to do? Tune in for a thoughtful discussion on this important topic!

The McCullough Report with Dr. Peter McCullough – Dr. Peter McCullough joins Sage Steele to examine autism's alarming rise, profound disability, childhood vaccination concerns, CDC language shifts, legal battles, and the McCullough Foundation's findings. He challenges official narratives, rejects Tylenol blame, and calls for risk stratification to protect vulnerable children from neurological harm and lifelong dependence...

The McCullough Report with Dr. Peter McCullough – Dr. Peter McCullough joins Sage Steele to examine autism's alarming rise, profound disability, childhood vaccination concerns, CDC language shifts, legal battles, and the McCullough Foundation's findings. He challenges official narratives, rejects Tylenol blame, and calls for risk stratification to protect vulnerable children from neurological harm and lifelong dependence...

Hey Hey Poison Friends! We are bringing you part 2 of our look into Johnson & Johnson, and the drama is only escalating. We are discussing the expensive end to their use of talc in baby powders as well as the damage that it did to numerous women and likely others exposed to it. J&J apparently learned nothing from this, however. When people began dying of liver failure after taking too much Tylenol (acetaminophen) or because they had been moderate drinkers before taking it, they did their best to hide the facts from the public. When the FDA asked them to put a warning on Tylenol for its possible effects on the liver, they fought back for years. They made hundreds of millions of dollars on Tylenol, even though it was over the counter, and it was at one point the highest cause of liver failure in the US and in Britain. Then there was the infant's vs children's versions. In the midst of all of this, we need to look into their history of wooing doctors and politicians into their pockets as well as how their agenda for more money has led to bankruptcies and deaths across America for decades. They are not the only ones, and don't worry, we'll get to them too...Thank you to all of our listeners and supporters! We truly appreciate you all! Please feel free to leave a comment or send us a DM!Patreon:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠patreon.com/thepoisonersalmanac⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Merch-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://poisonersalmanac.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠The Poisoner's Almanac IG-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/poisoners_almanac?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet&igsh=ZDNlZDc0MzIxNw==⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Shaun celebrates Paul Lisnek Day the only way he knows how - going through all the unworthy politicians in Chicago. PLUS, Dr. William Parker, author of the new book Tylenol and Autism: Evidence, Scientific Blunders, and Medicine Gone Wrong, tells Shaun about the evidence piling up that Tylenol makes children susceptible to autism and that the mainstream is rejecting it because it is almost too late to believe. Diante Johnson, Founder and President of the Black Conservative Federation, talks to Shaun about the importance of character and dignity over skin color, making being a Republican sexy again, and how to keep the momentum going after President Trump is gone. And our National Anthem: sung by country duo Dan + Shay!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The abortion giant's claims that chemical abortion drugs are “safer than Tylenol.” Constitutional expert, lawyer, author, pastor, and founder of Liberty Counsel Mat Staver discusses the important topics of the day with co-hosts and guests that impact life, liberty, and family. To stay informed and get involved, visit LC.org.

The Gary & Shannon Show (06/18) Hour 3 – Gary & Shannon break down the day's biggest stories, including President Trump's signing of the Iran Memorandum of Understanding in Paris, Tropical Storm Arthur becoming the first named storm of the season, devastating tornadoes across the South and Midwest, and the latest on the massive Boyle Heights warehouse fire.Plus, a Taylor Swift and Travis Kelce wedding update, Jennifer Lopez somehow becoming more likable, a Supreme Court case involving marijuana use and gun ownership, new concerns surrounding GLP-1 medications and brain chemistry, and why Gary is still afraid to take a Tylenol.They wrap up with a look at adults turning to sticker charts to get their lives together.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Part 3 of 3. In 1982 in Chicago, Illinois, people dropped dead after taking Tylenol filled with potassium cyanide. It all happened in a matter of hours and then it stopped. I will be interviewing Michelle Rosen, whose mother was one of the unfortunate victims. We will discuss the official narrative in this case, and all the illogical and perplexing actions taken by the authorities in response to the murders.

Deb 00:00:01Imagine your body has a repair manual, instructions written in your cells that tell tissues how to heal, blood vessels, how to grow, and inflammation when to stop. But what if those instructions got lost somewhere along the way? Well, today I’m talking about peptides, tiny protein fragments that act like biological text messages. Two of them, BPC 157 and TB 500.They’re showing remarkable promise for gut repair, joint recovery, and tissue regeneration. But here’s what nobody’s telling you. Women respond differently to these healing signals, especially during hormonal transitions. And today, we’re uncovering the science behind these regenerative peptides, who actually needs them, and why your doctor might not know about them. Can you guys put our ad right in here and then I’ll go to the standard intro?Welcome back to Let’s Talk Wellness Now, the show where we uncover the root causes of chronic illness, explore cutting edge regenerative medicine, and empower you with the tools to heal. I’m Dr. Deb, your medical detective. And today we’re diving into regenerative peptides BPC157 and TB 500. If you or someone you love is struggling with slow recovery from injury, chronic joint pain, gut inflammation that just won’t quit, or you just feel like your body doesn’t bounce back the way it used to, this episode is for you. Grab a cup of coffee or tea or whatever helps you unwind, settle in, and let’s start you on your journey to deeper healing. We’ll do another sponsor break here. Deb 00:01:52So let’s start with the question I hear constantly in my practice. Dr. Deb, I’m doing everything right. I’m eating clean, I’m exercising, I’m taking my supplements, but I’m still not healing. What am I missing? Well, that answer might surprise you. Sometimes it’s not about what you’re putting in your body. It’s about whether your cells are actually receiving the repair signals they need. That’s where peptides come in. Think of peptides as The body’s original communication system. These short chains of amino acids are like biological post-it notes carrying instructions from one cell to another. They tell your human system when to calm down, your blood vessels when to grow and your tissues when to repair. Now here’s where it gets interesting for women specifically. We know that estrogen plays a massive role in collagen production, vascular health, inflammatory response. When estrogen starts declining, whether that’s perimenopause, postpartum, or even from chronic stress, our natural repair mechanisms slow down dramatically. You might notice it as my joints are aching more, I’m a little more fluid filled, you know, they hurt when I bend them, my injuries take twice as long to heal.Gut issues that suddenly appear out of nowhere and no matter what you do, they don’t seem to repair. Skin has lost its elasticity or just this general sense that your body isn’t keeping up anymore. This is where BPC 157 and TB 500 entered the picture. So BPC 157, short for body protection compound 157, is a naturally occurring peptide sequence found in your gastric juices. And according to a 2024 systemic review published in emerging use of BPC 157 in orthopedic sports medicine, this peptide promotes something called angiogenesis. That’s the formation of new blood vessels and they deliver oxygen and nutrients to damaged tissues. Now TB 500 is a synthetic fragment of thymus and beta-4. Deb 00:04:17A protein your body makes naturally during wound healing and research published in therapeutic peptides in orthopedics in 2025 shows that it works like a cellular first responder rushing to injury sites and coordinating tissue repair through a process called actin regulation. But here’s what makes these peptides different from just taking another supplement. They don’t force your body to do anything.They simply remind yourselves how to heal the way they used to. And for women navigating hormonal changes, autoimmune flares, chronic inflammatory conditions, that distinction matters enormously. all right, let’s get into some of these mechanisms because understanding how something works helps you make informed decisions about whether or not it’s right for you. So,Let’s look at the science. Do these peptides actually work? And if so, how do they work? Let’s start with BPC 157. This works through multiple pathways simultaneously. First, it activates growth factor receptors that stimulate fibroblasts. Those are the cells responsible for making collagen and rebuilding connective tissue. And according to research published in Frontiers and Pharmacology in 2023, titled Regeneration or Risk, BPC 157 also modulates nitric oxide signaling, which enhances vascular repair and reduces oxidative stress at the cellular level. So this is really important because many of us are nitric oxide deficient, especially as we get older, especially since the pandemic, we’re seeing a lot of people being more deficient in nitric oxide and you’re taking nitric oxide, many of you, to help with this process. But if we’re having other issues that don’t allow that nitric oxide to get where it needs to go, that could render it completely useless. So in plain English, when we’re talking about how BPC 157 helps the blood vessels work better and protects your mitochondria, big word for your energy factories and your cells from that inflammatory damage. Deb 00:06:38Now there’s studies in musculoskeletal and gastroenterology models that show BPC157 decreases inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and IL-6. And these are chemical messengers that keep inflammation turned on. So by dialing them down, BPC157 creates an environment where healing can actually happen. Now, where do we know about this?TNFL and IL-6, well, we know it from viruses, we know it from Lyme disease, we know it from mold toxicity. These cytokines are turned up, they’re creating a massive inflammatory response in the body, and you’re struggling to get these things down because of that or potentially other reasons. So here’s where it gets really interesting with women in perimenopause or menopause. When estrogen declines, collagen synthesis slows down. And that’s why we see increased joint pain, slower wound healing, and our changes in the skin’s elasticity during this transition. We see the little wrinkles, the fine lines, we see the subcutaneous fat going away a little bit more. This is partially why this is occurring. And so from research shown in the Journal of Orthopedic Research in 2023 by Leibowitz and colleagues, that they suggest that BPC157 affects on the endothelial layers. So the cells lining the blood vessels and these may mimic some of the estrogen’s protective vascular effects without actually affecting your hormone levels. This is really huge because we know that as women lose estrogen, they have a higher risk for vascular events, heart attack, stroke, things like that. And if people have already had a heart attack or a stroke, We typically recommend that they don’t use estrogen because that could potentiate the risk for another heart attack or a stroke. But that means that you don’t gain the benefits of estrogen either. So if we think about this, we could potentially use BPC 157 to give us some of the benefits that we lost from having estrogen and potentially not being able to use estrogen. And that would be huge for us. Deb 00:08:57And not to mention the reduction of inflammation and the joint pain and the wound healing and the energy and the gut feelings. I mean, there’s just so many benefits to BPC 157 that we could talk about them all day long. But we’ve got to move on. So let’s talk about TB 500. Now this peptide works very differently. Its primary job is promoting cell migration, essentially telling repair cells to go to this spot and what to do when they get there. So it sends a signal, puts a little post-it stamp there and says, Hey, when you get there, fix A, B, C, and D. And there was a study in 2024 in cell biology international that demonstrated that TB 500 increases epithelial closure and improves tendon elasticity in models of repetitive strain injury. So let’s think about that a little bit. What does that really mean?That means faster recovery from exercise induced muscle damage, better healing of overuse injuries like tennis elbow or plantar fasciitis, improved scar tissue remodeling after surgery or a C-section, enhanced recovery from chronic inflammatory conditions affecting soft tissues. And I’ve talked about this several times. I have used these compounds post-surgical personally.And I remember going back to see my surgeon at the two to three week mark for follow-up. And she was amazed at how well everything was healing. And when I asked her if she wanted to know what I was doing, her response was no, but keep doing whatever you’re doing because it’s working. And after three weeks of a major pelvic repair surgery that I had, four hours in surgery, lots of sutures, not comfortable. I was actually walking a mile and didn’t have pain and I was recovering really well and felt amazing. And that is just not typically heard of in surgical procedures like mine. It’s usually a minimum of a six to eight week recovery before you’re starting to do that again. And I give all of the credit to these two peptides. Deb 00:11:17In my clinical practice, I see this play out constantly. Women who train hard, whether that’s CrossFit, running, yoga, or just trying to keep up with active kids, often hit a wall where their recovery can’t keep up pace with their activity level. And TB 500 helps to bridge that gap by optimizing the body’s natural repair timeline. But here’s what I want to emphasize with you. These peptides aren’t magic bullets.They work best when we combine them with proper nutrition and anti-inflammatory diet, adequate sleep, stress management, and we address the underlying root cause like the gut dysfunction or those hormonal imbalances. And they work much better when the hormones are balanced versus when they’re not. They’re amplifiers of your body’s existing healing capacity, not replacements for foundational health practices.So let’s have some real talk here. Let’s talk about evidence and what you need to know about that. Let’s take a drink, sorry. Now let’s address the elephant in the room. Regulatory status and safety. Neither BPC 157 or TB 500 are FDA approved for human medical use. They fall into a category called research compounds. And that means they’re legal to possess and use but they’re not approved as pharmaceutical drugs. And hopefully they will be back on our list of things to use relatively soon with the changes that Bobby Kennedy has made to peptides recently. So why does this matter? Because quality becomes a concern. Quality control is absolutely critical. You need to know where these compounds are manufactured, their source, their testing. their clarity, everything about them. There was a 2025 review in therapeutic peptides in orthopedics that concluded both peptides demonstrate strong regenerative signaling with minimal systemic side effects in preclinical studies. But, and this is really important, most of the robust data we have comes from animal models and cell culture models, not large scale human clinical trials. Deb 00:13:41Now that doesn’t mean that they don’t work. It just means that we are still in the early stages of understanding optimal dosing, treatment duration, and long-term effects in humans. So why do we have all of this great peptide information and we don’t quite have the ability to use them yet, or it’s extremely restricted?That comes under the guise of the FDA. came through the past administration with Biden where he removed a bunch of these peptides from the market. Both BPC and TB 500 were on the list of safe peptides to use before Biden made his changes. And it looks like they may be coming back relatively quickly for us here. So what we do have is growing clinical feedback from practitioners like myself. Who use these peptides in practice under careful supervision and under pilot studies on musculoskeletal recovery published in our organizations that we work with. So all of our information is documented and it is done under an observational study. There are other studies published in orthopedic and biomedical research from 2025.that actually found VPC-157 reduced pain scores by 35 % and improved functional mobility within eight weeks. This is really phenomenal because many people over the age of 40 are reaching for the Tylenol bottle, the Advil bottle, the Aleve bottle, which does a number on your kidneys and your gut and your liver. And it is really problematic to be using these things on a regular basis.And if we can use a compound that’s safe, that preserves the kidneys, the liver and the gut, why don’t we do that is the question that I have. Now, we see a lot of the same information in our clinic that we see in these studies. And it is the following things that we see. Significant reduction in joint pain and stiffness. I have a person that was looking at doing a knee replacement and we did 10 weeks of these two compounds. Deb 00:16:00And her knee pain reduced so much that she decided she didn’t feel like she needed that knee replacement right away, which is good because she is only 60 years old. And the length of that knee replacement wouldn’t be as long as it would if she could wait five or 10 years. The doctor didn’t say she needed to do it right away. She wasn’t that critical, but it was the pain that was driving her to the replacement. And so if we could preserve that and give her a reduction in pain, all the better to do that. We get faster recovery from surgical procedures, improved gut symptoms, especially in cases of leaky gut or inflammatory bowel conditions, better skin quality and wound healing, enhanced overall sense of resilience and recovery capacity. But here’s what you absolutely must know before considering peptide therapy. First, source matters. Because these aren’t FDA regulated pharmaceuticals, quality varies widely and you need to work with a physician who sources from compounding pharmacies 503A or 503B that provide certificates of analysis, third party testing and proper sterility verification. Secondly, context matters. Peptides work best as part of a comprehensive functional medicine approach. So if you’re still eating inflammatory foods, drinking alcohol, not managing your stress or your sleep, you have unaddressed gut dysfunction, and these peptides alone won’t fix those problems. Thirdly, realistic expectations matter. These aren’t overnight miracle cures. Most patients see gradual improvements over four to 12 weeks. Some respond dramatically, others see modest benefits. Individual variation is real. And fourth, medical supervision matters. Dosing, injection technique,monitoring for side effects and knowing when peptides are or are not appropriate. All of this requires clinical expertise. Now let me bust a few myths here because I hear this constantly. Myth number one, peptides are just for bodybuilders and athletes. That is false. While athletes use them for performance recovery, the therapeutic applications for chronic pain, gut healing and age related tissue decline are profound. Deb 00:18:26For everyday people. Myth number two, peptides will mess with my hormones. False. BPC-157 and TB-500 don’t interact with your endocrine system the way hormones do. They work through growth factors and cell signaling pathways. They are very different. Myth number three, if they’re not FDA approved, they must be dangerous. Not accurate.Many effective therapies exist in regulatory gray zones. What matters is quality sourcing, proper medical oversight, and informed consent. So the bottom line here is that these peptides show real promise backed by mechanistic science and growing clinical expertise, but they require responsible use, quality products, and realistic expectations. Now let’s talk about practical integration.Who should consider peptides? Well, so who actually benefits from the peptides? Let’s start there. Let me walk you through the three main categories I see. Number one is gut restoration. If you’re dealing with chronic gut inflammation, whether that’s IBS, inflammatory bowel disease, leaky gut, persistent digestive issues that haven’t responded to dietary changes alone, BPC 157 can be transformative.I had a patient recently, I’ll call her Sarah. She’s been struggling with severe gut pain and food sensitivities for three years. She tried elimination diets, probiotics, gut healing supplements, everything. And within six weeks of adding BPC 157 to her protocol, alongside the targeted nutritional therapy, her pain dropped by 70 % and she could tolerate foods that she hadn’t tolerated in years. Why does this happen? because BPC 157 directly supports mucosal integrity, the protective lining of your intestinal tract, and it reduces inflammatory cytokines and promotes healing of damaged tissue. Number two, muscle and joint recovery. This is where I see TB 500 shine. Women who are active, whether you’re a runner, a yogi, a cross-bitter, or someone who just wants to keep moving without pain. Deb 00:20:48They often hit a point where recovery becomes a very limiting factor. And maybe you’re dealing with chronic tendonitis, a nagging shoulder injury, a bad back that just will not quit, or just general achiness. It all makes you feel older and keeps you from being active the way you want to. TB 500 combined with therapies like red light therapy, PEMF, or targeted physical therapy, can dramatically accelerate soft tissue healing. I’ve seen recovery timelines cut in half for patients dealing with overuse injuries. Number three, menopausal transition support. This is where the intersection of peptides in women’s health gets really exciting. During perimenopause and menopause, declining estrogen affects collagen production, vascular health, and joint integrity, along with inflammatory processes and responses.Many women notice they just don’t heal as quickly and their joints hurt much more. Besides noticing their skin changes and their injuries linger longer. Low dose peptide protocols, often combining BPC157 for vascular and gut support with TB500 for soft tissue repair, can complement bioidentical hormone therapy or stand alone for women who can’t or don’t want to use hormones.Now I’m not saying that peptides replace your hormone optimization, but they can be powerful adjuncts that support tissue resilience during a time when your body’s natural repair mechanisms are shifting. Now, who should not use peptides? If you have any active cancer or a history of certain cancers, peptides that promote cell growth and angiogenesis might not be appropriate. If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, we don’t have safety data.If you have severe kidney or liver disease, clearance and metabolism could be affected. You want to work with a practitioner who really understands this and be under medical supervision for these kinds of conditions. This really matters. A qualified functional medicine practitioner can assess your individual situation, run appropriate labs and determine whether peptides fit into your overall healing strategy. Remember, peptides are tools. They’re not magic. Deb 00:23:11They work best when you’re also addressing nutrition, sleep, stress, movement, and underlying root causes. They amplify your body’s healing capacity. They don’t replace the fundamentals. This is really important to understand. So thank you for joining me today on Let’s Talk Wellness Now. If this episode resonated with you, share it with another woman who’s ready to reclaim her body’s natural healing capacity. Remember, Wellness isn’t just about feeling good. It’s about thriving in every area of your life. Your body was designed to heal. You’re not a small version of a male. You are a woman with different biochemistry. And sometimes it just needs the right signals and the right support to remember how. If you’re ready to explore personalized regenerative medicine or peptide therapy as part of a comprehensive functional medicine approach,You can visit us at serenityhealthcarecenter.com. You can also follow us on Instagram, and you can look at my book, Seen at Last, and join the Seen at Last free community on Facebook, where we will provide all of this information and more for you. Until next time, I’m Dr. Deb, reminding you to take care of your body, mind, and spirit. Be well, and I’ll see you in the next episode.The post Episode 269 – Peptide Therapy for Women: How BPC-157 & TB-500 Heal Gut, Joints & Inflammation first appeared on Let's Talk Wellness Now.

I've always wondered how specifically having good relationships can decrease our likelihood of cancer or having a heart attack, and improve our immune systems and brain health. Well, I asked a Stanford Neuroscientist and his answers are absolutely fascinating.  Dr. Ben Rein is an award-winning neuroscientist and lecturer at Stanford, and the author of the phenomenal new book, Why Brains Need Friends. We are talking about why hanging out with your friends floods your brain with a chemical cocktail that is basically a microdose of MDMA, why being married beats chemotherapy as the number one predictor of surviving cancer, why Botox and Tylenol and Advil are making it harder to make friends, yes, really, and why we should all probably get dogs and get our parents to get dogs if we want them to live a long time. You're going to come away with a ton of action steps to not only live longer and be healthier, but also just feel better every single day.

Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:09 Hi there, how are you? Bob Miller 00:00:10 Excellent! Pedaling as fast as humanly possible, but doing okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:14 Good, good. Well, I’m looking forward to our conversation today. This should be amazing. Bob Miller 00:00:20 Yeah, it should be a lot of fun. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:22 Yeah, anything that’s off-limits for you in, our conversation? Bob Miller 00:00:28 No. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:29 Okay, anything you want me to make sure we cover for you? Bob Miller 00:00:33 Well, I mean, is it okay if we put a little plug-in for our software? Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:35 Absolutely. Bob Miller 00:00:36 Yeah. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:37 Absolutely. Bob Miller 00:00:36 Yeah. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:37 Absolutely. Bob Miller 00:00:38 Hey, can we… can we do a screen share? Yes, we can. Yeah, because I want to show you some maps, and… Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:43 Okay. Things like that, yeah, so… Perfect. So just let me know when you want to do screen share. Bob Miller 00:00:48 Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:49 And yeah, feel free to plug your software wherever you want to. Bob Miller 00:00:53 Okay, well, good. Let me pull up a, a slide for that, and give me one second, I just want to shut the door to my office to get the noise down. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:01 No worries. Bob Miller 00:01:16 And, how should I refer to you? Dr. Debb? Dr. Muth, what do you like? Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:18 Dr. Deb is great, or Deb, either way, I’m pretty informal, so… Bob Miller 00:01:22 Yeah, and… Bob is fine for me. Okay. Yeah. Yeah, there you go. Why people feel like they need this, son. Special name, it’s like, seriously. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:33 Right? I agree. Bob Miller 00:01:35 When I work with my clients, it’s like, Dr. Millison, just, just bop, just, just bop. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:41 Yep, that’s how I am, too. Just call me Deb, it’s good. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:44 They feel a little awkward with that, you know? They’re not used to that, but… Bob Miller 00:01:48 Alright. And you’re a naturopath, medical doctor. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:52 A nastropathic doctor and a nurse practitioner. Oh, nice. Yeah, so I got the best of both worlds, right? Bob Miller 00:01:58 Yeah, damn. Okay. Alright, so here we go… There we go. Alright, so I got that ready, and then I will do a, I will do a screen share. I think you’re gonna really, appreciate what we’ve come up with. We’ve come up with the concept of, Cellular CPR. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:23 Oh, nice! Bob Miller 00:02:24 And that is, construct the cell membrane, Protect the cell membrane. And restore it if it’s damaged. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:32 Love that. Bob Miller 00:02:34 I love that. Yeah, so that’s what we’re focusing on, and then how, You know, we want to get to the point that, you know, most people think of genetics, they think of, like, 23andMe or Ancestry. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:44 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:02:45 And then you have the professional geneticists who are looking at, you know, odd things that could create a disease. We’re looking at functional genomics. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:54 Which is so much better. Bob Miller 00:02:56 Yeah. Are you familiar with what we do here, or… Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:58 A little bit, a little bit. So, it’ll be new to me, too, so I’m excited. Bob Miller 00:03:03 And how much time do we have? Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:04 We have an hour, give or take a little bit on either side. Do you have a hard stop anywhere? Bob Miller 00:03:10 No, no, I put a, I moved my clients around, and I don’t have anybody till, 3.30, so we’re good. Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:16 Perfect. Alright. Bob Miller 00:03:18 It’s like we’re getting started early as well, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:19 Yeah, we’re getting started a little bit early, so that’s good. Bob Miller 00:03:22 Yeah, I just got my office cleaned up, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:23 Okay, good. All right, are you all set to get started? Bob Miller 00:03:28 I’m good to go, my friend. Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:29 I’m gonna just record a little intro and a little bit of a, hook for people, and then we’ll get started. I’ll ask you to kind of tell us a little bit about yourself, and then we’ll just take this conversation wherever it’s supposed to go. Bob Miller 00:03:39 Okay, you got it. Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:40 Alright, sounds good. So what if the reason you’re not healing isn’t your diet, your supplements, or your labs, but it’s actually your genes? Dr. Bob Miller is uncovering how genetic variants, when combined with modern toxins, explain why some of us stay sick no matter what we try. Today, we’re talking genetic pathways, detox blocks, and the new science every wellness warrior needs to know. Welcome back to Let’s Talk Wellness Now, the show where we uncover the root causes of chronic illness, exploring cutting-edge regenerative medicine, and empower you to heal from the inside out. I’m Dr. Deb, your medical detective, and today, our guest, Dr. Bob Miller, is a true pioneer in functional genomics. He’s a board-certified traditional naturopath and the founder of Neutrogenetic Research Institute. And he’s the leading groundbreaking research on how genetic variants influence chronic illness, inflammation, and detoxification. His work has been recognized on international stages, uncovering links between genetic expression and conditions like Lyme disease, mast cell activation, or MCAS, and mitochondrial dysfunction. I’m so excited to talk to Dr. Bob today. He is gonna reveal some things that even I don’t know about, so I’m excited to learn alongside of you guys. So… Dr. Bob, let’s get started. Tell us a little bit about yourself, and kind of how you got on this journey. Bob Miller 00:05:04 Well, that’s, that’s interesting. I was sort of like a mid-career coming to the natural health field, because in my early 30s, I found myself with a severe case of ulcerative colitis. Bob Miller 00:05:15 And I was in the hospital for 21 days. probably within hours of death, pleading to death. And they told me I’ve got one option, and that is cut out the colon and wear a bag. Didn’t sound like a lot of fun. Dr. Deb Muth 00:05:27 Not an option I would want. Bob Miller 00:05:29 So, you know, the medical folks wasn’t real happy with me, but I said, yeah, I’d like to explore some alternative things.Never thinking that I’d get into this field, and then I just, you know, worked with some herbalists and things that I found absolutely fascinating. So, that’s how I got into this around 30 years ago. And, haven’t looked back since, and just having a… having a blast as we now move into how our genetics impacts things. So, that’s what we’re gonna… that’s what we’re gonna talk about today. Dr. Deb Muth 00:05:58 I’m excited to talk about this genetic thing. When you started over 30 years ago, what kind of patience and problems first inspired you to dig deeper into that root cause healing and kind of get into the genetic piece of it? Bob Miller 00:06:10 Sure. Well, you know, as a… now, I’m in a part of the country called Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, where there’s a lot of Amish and Mennonite, and they gravitate towards these things.So, this is their first thing to do, and that doesn’t work, then they’ll go other routes. So, you know, back then, we just saw typical, you know, a little tired, constipation. You know, a little bit of fatigue, arthritis, those kind of things. But things have changed dramatically over the years, as people are now getting more chronically sick. You know, it’s worse than it’s ever been. And what we’re finding is the, the culprits Primarily is mold exposure and Lyme disease. When people get those two together, they’re just… it’s an inflammatory cascade that nobody can seem to unravel. So that’s where we spend a lot of our time. And we’re also spending a lot of time looking at mental health, like ADD, ADHD. And, we give… this year I’ll be speaking at three autism conferences. And we can dig into that a little bit as to why we think we’re seeing such a dramatic increase. And aside from autism, that used to be 1 out of 1,000, now it’s 1 out of 33, or 23. You know, we’re also seeing dramatic increases in ADD, ADHD. People are stressed out. And today, I think we’ll have the time to actually go through and show how environmental factors combine with genetics to cause that to happen. So we’ll… we should have a fun visit here today. And today, I think we’ll have the time to actually go through and show how environmental factors combine with genetics to cause that to happen. So we’ll… we should have a fun visit here today. Dr. Deb Muth 00:07:37 This should be a fun visit. We can cover lots of topics. I am so excited. So, you founded Nutri Genetic Research Institute in 2015. What did you hope to accomplish, and what kind of surprised you in your findings so far about that? Bob Miller 00:07:51 Well, you know, let’s back up at what, you know, genetics is used for. Everybody’s familiar with 23andMe and Ancestry that, you know, tells you where your ancestors came from. Then you have your professional geneticists. I mean, these are people with a degree in genetics. And they’ll look for, you know, very odd sort of things that are prone to relate to a disease. So there are disease-related genetics. Well, in functional, we don’t look at either of those. We look at For example, how you’re breaking down your fats and utilizing them. How you’re recycling your glutathione. How you might be handling your iron. And none of those are disease-causing on their own.And none of those are disease-causing on their own. But when they pile up on you, and then combine that with environmental factors, that’s when things start to go south on us. So, that’s what we’re doing, we’re looking at patterns. And our first foray into this was, we did studies on Lyme disease. And our first foray into this was, we did studies on Lyme disease. So, we looked at, like, I think 50 people with Lyme disease. We looked at their genome. So, we looked at, like, I think 50 people with Lyme disease. We looked at their genome. And we found patterns that were more evident in those with Lyme. Now, this doesn’t… these genetics don’t mean you get Lyme, it just means if you get Lyme, you react worse to it. And we found patterns that were more evident in those with Lyme. Now, this doesn’t… these genetics don’t mean you get Lyme, it just means if you get Lyme, you react worse to it. So, as you know, some people get Lyme, they go on a round of antibiotics, and they’re done. So, as you know, some people get Lyme, they go on a round of antibiotics, and they’re done. Others have a little more struggle, and then others are struggling terribly for years. So there’s an old adage of genetics loads the gun, environment pulls the trigger. Dr. Deb Muth 00:09:14 Yeah, that is so true, and I think when we’re talking about Lyme and mold and things like that, we forget sometimes that our genetics can predispose us to be more sensitive to those things, and if we have genetic pathways where we don’t clear things properly, it’s harder for us to get them out of the body. And then you add on that whole rain barrel effect that we’ve always used as a functional medicine term, right? If the barrel’s half full, you’re okay. If it’s full, and now it’s spilling over, it’s a bigger problem. Have you guys found, too, that some of these environmental things actually are changing the genetics of people, or how they’re processing their own genetics? Bob Miller 00:09:53 Well, let’s go back to, Genetics 101. But we’ll go back a little bit further. So, what an interesting mechanism, what a miracle the body is. Bob Miller 00:10:03 Fats, carbohydrates, proteins, drink water, breathe air, expose the sunlight, and somehow everything gets made. I mean, when you just step back and think about that, it’s like, It’s pretty darn amazing. Dr. Deb Muth 00:10:15 I always tell women, you know, the fact that we get pregnant and we have healthy pregnancies and births is a miracle, because if we had to try to control that, that wouldn’t work so well. Bob Miller 00:10:25 Right. Well, that’s another miracle. These microscopic sperm and egg, human being, 9 months later, it’s like. But even inside of us. We are making our hair, our skin, our nails, our blood vessels, our ATP, our energy, it’s all being created. Well, that gets created by enzymes. So, enzymes take one substance, combine it with something else, and make something new. Then another enzyme comes along and does the same thing. Your DNA is the instructions on how to make the enzymes. So, when we are conceived. If it’s a, if it’s a female, of course, it’s the XX, the two chromosomes. You know, we’ve… everybody’s seen those… the genetics that… Listed pair. So, if it’s a female, the father donated the X enzyme. And the mother has no choice but to give the eggs, so that’s female. If the father donates the Y, you have a male that’s in chromosome number 1. Then 2 through 23 is the rest of the instructions on how to make enzymes. So, what can happen? We can get what are called SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms. And SNPs just mean that the instructions to make the enzyme’s not quite as good. So, if one parent gives a SNP on the making of an enzyme, The enzyme’s fine. It works. But, general rule of thumb, It may only work at 70-80% of efficiency. Now, a good analogy is think of an 8-cylinder and a 6-cylinder car. If parents give you good information, that’s like having an 8-cylinder car. If one parent gives you that snip, it’s like having a 6-cylinder car. Now, is a 6-cylinder car a fine car? Sure. It’ll get you from point A to point B, but it’s just going to have the power of an 8-cylinder. Then if both parents give you a SNP on the same enzyme, it may be 30-40%, and that’s like having a 4-cylinder car. Sits in the driveway, looks the same, puts gas in it, everything. But if you’ve got a 4-cylinder car. Probably not a good idea to go cross-country pulling a trailer behind you up and down mountains. Dr. Deb Muth 00:12:29 This is true. Bob Miller 00:12:32 So… We can get an 8-cylinder, 6-cylinder, or 4-cylinder enzyme. Now, if it’s not under a lot of stress, if that 4-cylinder car is just taking you to the bank and the grocery store. It’s just as good as an 8-cylinder car. But if you gotta pull that trailer, and there’s a lot of stress on it, being mountains, it’s gonna struggle. Now, there’s one other little caveat to this, and that is some genetic mutations are gain-of-function. They actually work faster. Now, we have enzymes that do all kinds of things. We have enzymes that make and recycle our antioxidants, but we also have enzymes that make inflammation. No, that’s a good thing, because if we get a virus or bacteria, if you didn’t make inflammation to kill it, well, we’d all die of infection. So, you know, we tend to think of free radicals as bad, antioxidants as good. They both play an important role. But interestingly, some of the major enzymes that make inflammation, they can be overactive. They can be turbocharged. And when they’re stimulated by environmental toxins, they overreact. Bob Miller 00:13:40 And therein lies the problem. When they overreact, we have a problem. Bob Miller 00:13:46 So, if we have genes that overreact when stimulated. And then the enzymes that take care of inflammation are underactive. Then you’re gonna be more inflamed. You know, the majority of people that, you know, come for functional medicine Or naturopathic help, or… Inflammation that they can’t seem to get under control. Dr. Deb Muth 00:14:06 Right. Bob Miller 00:14:07 And we will be, you know, during this hour, we’re going to look at some of the pathways that make that happen. So, what we can do then, we can’t change our genetics. When you’re conceived, that’s the hand you’re dealt. When your life would be over, if someone would take some tissue and measure, it’d be exactly the same as conception. Does it change. Bob Miller 00:14:28 The enzyme’s ability to do its job may be compromised. Because remember I said there’s a, the enzyme takes a cofactor. So an enzyme takes substance A, cofactor, make substance B. Well, if that cofactor’s not there, the enzyme’s not going to work either. So, you could have an 8-cylinder car, and if there’s no gas in it, it’s not going anywhere. So… It’s the strength of the enzyme, it’s the cofactor to do the A to B conversion. And that’s what we’re going to get into. So, many people say, well, where did these SNPs come from? Nobody knows for sure. Sometimes they’re what’s just called de novo, when the sperm and egg go together, the instructions get mixed up a little bit. We do believe a lot of it came from a long time ago, when we were almost wiped out by sexually transmitted diseases. And those STDs were altering the genes when the conception, in other words, when the sperm went into the egg, the STDs were interfering. And causing the problem, so… I often joke, if you want to blame somebody. Blame your great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandparents for, being a bit promiscuous, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:15:31 Yeah, for being… having a little too much fun, right? Bob Miller 00:15:35 So, we don’t know for sure, but, you know, there are some that, But most of the SNPs that we get inherit from our parents. So, if you look at a child. And you look at the SNPs. 99.9% of the time, it came from one of the parents. Dr. Deb Muth 00:15:50 In identical twins, do they have the exact same identical makeup? Bob Miller 00:15:54 Yep, Dr. Deb Muth 00:15:56 But not in fraternal twins, correct? Bob Miller 00:15:59 No, no, those could be different, Jeff. Dr. Deb Muth 00:16:00 It could be different because they have different sacs, they’re not sharing that same genetic makeup. Bob Miller 00:16:04 Yeah, so keep in mind, both your mother and your father have, you know, the two And so you get one from one parent, one from another. Dr. Deb Muth 00:16:13 So… Bob Miller 00:16:14 Interesting situation. I had, 3, 3 boys. And, we were looking at an enzyme related to breaking down oxalates. Now, the mother and father each had one SNP, and that’s called heterozygous. Three boys, and they all come together, they’re Amish boys, they’re a lot of fun. And I looked at their genomes, and the one boy didn’t have any SNPs at all. And one had won. And the other one had two. Dr. Deb Muth 00:16:41 Interesting. Bob Miller 00:16:42 So, we don’t quite know how these things get handed off, but with the parents each having one, you could have a child with none, one, or two. So, the one, his ability to break down oxalates, which is fine. The other one was slightly impaired, and the other one was dramatically impaired. So, you can have 3 children, and it all depends what the parents have. Now, if a parent has a homozygous, or 2 copies. And the other parent has nothing. Every child will have one. Okay. If both parents are homozygous, that they both have two, Every child will have two. Dr. Deb Muth 00:17:19 too. Bob Miller 00:17:20 Yes, so that’s the way it works, but, you know, but it’s somewhat rare that both parents are homozygous on an enzyme, but it can happen. Dr. Deb Muth 00:17:27 Do we think that infections today, like Lyme disease or mold exposure, things like that, if the parent, the woman, primarily, I’m thinking, is pregnant, and she actively has these infections. Can those infections affect the genetics, kind of like a past sexual transmission did where we thought back in the day? Bob Miller 00:17:47 Yeah, I… I mean, I’m not that much of a geneticist to answer that for sure, but my thought would be no, that at conception, the pattern’s made. Dr. Deb Muth 00:17:55 Okay. And then that’s… that’s the hand you’re dealt. Bob Miller 00:17:58 Yeah. So, I tell people we have good news and bad news. The good news is we can compensate for the weakness. The bad news is we can compensate for the weakness. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:09 That is so very true. Bob Miller 00:18:11 Yeah, we can’t, because I often get asked, so we’ll do some things now, and we’ll check my genes again, and they’ll be better. It’s like, nope. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:18 Oh, – – Bob Miller 00:18:19 You gotta play the hands you’re dealt, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:21 That’s right. Bob Miller 00:18:22 You can test your genetics… if you’re looking at the same enzyme, you can test it every year. It’s not gonna change. It’s like the blueprint. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:30 It’s good and bad, right? It’s the one test you only have to do once in your lifetime. Bob Miller 00:18:34 No, unless, you know, like, our. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:36 All the time. Bob Miller 00:18:37 Yeah, now our test looks at, called the Functional Genomic Analysis Test of your genomic Resource. We look at 220,000 steps. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:46 Wow, that’s a lot. Bob Miller 00:18:47 That’s not all of them. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:49 Right. Bob Miller 00:18:50 So, maybe in the next year, we’re gonna come out with our third version of the chip. And then, if someone wants to get those new things that weren’t on it, they’d have to repeat. But whatever we measured is gonna stay the same. Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:03 That’s a lot of SNPs to look at. Bob Miller 00:19:05 Keeps us busy. Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:06 But there’s still, but there’s still SNPs that we. Bob Miller 00:19:09 That we’d like to have that we don’t have, so… Bob Miller 00:19:11 We started out with version 1 on our genetic test, then we worked with version 2, and we’re already compiling a list of what version 3 would look like. So if somebody has our version 2, And we’re saying, you know what, it’d be nice if we could see these, well, then you’d repeat, but it won’t change what you already know, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:29 Got it, got it. So, when you started out, and you started looking at the research of Lyme disease and chronic infections, which detox pathways are most important for people who struggle with those conditions? Bob Miller 00:19:43 Okay. You know what might make sense as we do a screen share, and I’ll actually show you the pathway. Does that make sense? Bob Miller 00:19:48 Alright, so… let’s see if I… let me just press the share… Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:52 Yep, you should just be able to press share. Bob Miller 00:19:54 And… number 2. Okay. Are we seeing the screen there? Bob Miller 00:20:01 Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:20:02 So, this is a map that we made. Bob Miller 00:20:05 And by the way, this is not… All-inclusive of all the things we look at, but we believe this is a core issue. So, where we’re going to start here, there’s something called the microglia. And the microglia are glial cells. They’re in the brain and the central nervous system. And they’re very interesting little creatures, because most of the time, and this is just a drawing of what they sort of look like. Most of the time, they’re in what’s called the M2 anti-inflammatory mood. What that means, these little guys pick up dirt, debris, Recycle them. Turns on an enzyme called interleukin-10 that’s anti-inflammatory. And just kind of does general housekeeping. And just kind of does general housekeeping. However, when a trigger comes along. However, when a trigger comes along. They… it’s the same glial cell, but it moves over to a very pro-inflammatory enzyme. A pro-inflammatory glial cell. And it triggers these 3 enzymes, Actually, these four. That are pro-inflammatory. Tumor necrosis vector alpha, Interleukin-6. NF Kappa B, Inos. Now, these create inflammation. So you might think, well, why is that good? Well, if you have some foreign invader, virus, bacteria coming in, parasite. If you didn’t have these guys coming to the rescue, you would just die of infection. So, these guys are your friend unless they’re your worst enemy. Because TNFA, and we’ll show you when we actually do a demo account, TNFA can be overactive. So, in other words, it over-responds. Interleukin-6 can be overactive. And if Kappa-B can be overactive. The INOS, and I’ll explain each of these as we go through a demo, can be overactive. Now, what that means is, you’re very good at killing virus and bacteria. But this is where autoimmune disease comes in, and just inflammatory conditions. Now, this is just speculation, but we think what happened is, as you know. Thousands of years ago, we didn’t have refrigeration, we didn’t have sewer, we didn’t have pure water, and we didn’t have antibiotics. So, if you made it to 40, you were an old-timer, because everybody was dying of infection. So, what we believe happened is, by what’s called natural selection, Having these overactive. A thousand years ago was to your advantage. Dr. Deb Muth 00:22:31 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:22:32 But now… We have pure water, we have refrigeration, we have sewers, we have antibiotics. But now we have environmental factors that are stimulating them. Now it’s to our disadvantage. And we’ll talk about that a little bit as it relates to the hemochromatosis genes and maybe the G6PD. Dr. Deb Muth 00:22:48 Yep. Bob Miller 00:22:49 Now, why are we becoming so inflamed? Let’s look at the triggers. Now, one of my, favorite expressions is. I was born all the way back in 1954. Dr. Deb Muth 00:23:01 And it was a different world back then. Bob Miller 00:23:05 These are some of the triggers. And we’ll get into these, but right now, high fructose corn syrup, And the high-fat diet. High fructose corn syrup only came about in 1968. So now we’re being exposed to high fructose corn syrup. Then… we didn’t have these, these viruses like COVID. Dr. Deb Muth 00:23:26 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:23:27 Now, there’s now pretty strong evidence that COVID Was actually, you know, made as a gain of function. It’s debated, and I’m not taking an opinion on it, but there’s some people who believe Lyme disease was also a part of experimentation. Dr. Deb Muth 00:23:40 Go. Bob Miller 00:23:41 Then we have molds, and it appears as though mold is getting stronger. you know, 20 years ago, when I was seeing folks, mold wasn’t on the radar. I would say 7 out of the 10 folks we speak to today have mold problems. Yeah, 20 years ago, we talked more about mold allergy being an issue versus mold toxicity being an issue. Right. So… I know some folks are, you know, speculating what’s happening, but one of the theories out there is that EMF is strengthening mold. I don’t know if you ever heard that theory, and I don’t… Dr. Deb Muth 00:24:13 I have. Bob Miller 00:24:14 I’m not claiming it’s true, but it’s an interesting theory. Then even, you know, your black mold from water-damaged buildings. Then our air pollution is getting worse. We’re getting more toxic metals. Dr. Deb Muth 00:24:26 You know, if we have a… Bob Miller 00:24:27 You know, we’re gonna look back someday and say, what were we thinking, smearing aluminum into our armpits? The, what were we doing putting mercury in our teeth? Then, you know, glyphosate. When I was a kid, there was no glyphosate. So, all of these herbicides and pesticides. Polychlorinated biphenols, And then EMF. So, we love our cell phones, you know, and I think unless you, or in the middle of the desert, or down in a cave, you’re being exposed to EMF somewhere. So, you know, we have our cell phones with us, we have, We have Wi-Fi, the towers are everywhere. And we don’t know long-term, but we may find that this can… this creates some inflammation. And I don’t know if you get any folks, but do you have any folks that have… are they EMF sensitive? Dr. Deb Muth 00:25:16 Oh yeah, we have a whole bunch of them. Bob Miller 00:25:18 Yeah, and then if you have any TBIs, So, plenty of things here. that will stimulate into the microglia, M1. Now, you could say, well. We’re all pretty much exposed to the same thing. Why do some people get hit harder than others? So here’s where we’re gonna start. There’s an enzyme called Nrf2 and RF2. And Nrf2 is the enzyme that senses when there’s inflammation. And turns on hundreds of anti-inflammatory enzymes. We’ll show when we do the demo, you can have genetic weakness on NERF2. And NERF2 inhibits and slows down microglia M1. supports M2. Now, if it’s not complicated enough, there’s an enzyme called KEEP1. And KEEP1 inhibits NRF2. And you can actually have gain of function on keep 1, that makes Keap 1 stronger. So… A lot of the people who land on my doorstep So… A lot of the people who land on my doorstep Both parents gave a mutation on KEEP1, making it overactive. Both parents gave a mutation on KEEP1, making it overactive. Dr. Deb Muth 00:26:31 Hmm. Dr. Deb Muth 00:26:31 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:26:32 Suppressing Nrf2, nerve 2 might be weak. So, nobody’s putting the brakes on, M1. And by the same token, Nerve 2 supports M2. Then there’s a process called mTOR and autophagy. mTOR stands for mammalian tard of rapamycin, the growth of new cells. And then autophagy, taking our dead cells and recycling them. We need a balance between the two of them. If we didn’t have mTOR, the sperm and the egg would never become the baby, the baby would never become the adult, we wouldn’t make new cells. But our cells are constantly, you know, the old cells dying off. Autophagy is where we take that debris from the cell and recycle it, just like a farmer Plows the crop under at the end of the year. The dead plant then becomes the fuel for the spring, your dead cell becomes the fuel for the spring, and that’s autophagy. So we’re gonna look back someday and say, what were we thinking? We give our animals growth hormones so they get fatter faster. Oh my. So, we consume those animals, and inventory runs faster. Now, for anybody who’s, You know, maybe above 40, 45 years old. Think back when you were 12, and what did girls look like? They were primarily flat-chested little girls. Now they look like 16-year-olds. Because environmentally, we’re jacking up mTOR. So, mTOR stimulates microglia M1, suppresses microglia M2. Probably 80% of the folks we visit with. This is the part of the problem. NRF2 is weak. mTOR is strong. Environmental factors come along. And this guy gets carried away. He doesn’t do that burst and move back. Stays here. We’re calling that How environmental factors create a locked-in, pro-inflammatory. and neurotoxic phenotype. In other words, once it starts, it just keeps… Feeding upon itself. Alright, so what happens now when microglia is overactive. it triggers these 3 enzymes, TNFA, N of kappa B, And interleukin-6. Each one of these can have genetics that make them run stronger. Then it stimulates an enzyme called NLRP3, Which makes what are called inflammasomes. Now, guess what inflammasomes can be? Your best friend or your worst enemy? Because they will, if you’ve got, again, a virus or bacteria, or possibly even some bad cells in the body. They will zap them. Well, that’s good. Unless it’s overactive. Unless it’s overactive. And then what it does, through interleukin-1 beta, makes excess glutamate. And then what it does, through interleukin-1 beta, makes excess glutamate. Anxiety, gut inflammation, OCD, ADD, autism. And, you know, glutamate, we’ll talk about that a little bit, but glutamate makes you intelligent, highly motivated go-getter. but can also be excitatory. And then, look what it does. Let’s see, do I have the drawing tool here? Yes, I do. Okay. So, it comes down through here, Makes the glutamate. Comes back up through here. through the ADORA 2A enzyme, Then we’ve got a feedback loop that feeds upon itself. Then, through interleukin-18, we make histamine. and mast cells. And then through histamine receptor site number 1, we come back and spin it. And now you’ve just got this spinning feedback loop. So, the glutamate will make you anxious, the histamine will give you allergies and make you anxious. And you’re allergic to everything, and you’re feeling horrible. Now, it doesn’t end there, Dr. Dad. It then goes on to make something called gast dermins that creates pyroptosis, where it actually starts punching a hole in the cell membrane. And you’re only going to be as healthy as your cells are. Just a little background. You know, we’re made up of trillions of cells, and each one of them has what’s called a lipid bilayer, made from lipids, which comes from fats. And you’re only going to be as healthy as those membranes are. So that’s why we coined an interesting phrase. Cellular CPR. Construct the cell. Protect the cell. And restore the cell membrane. And we believe that’s going to be revolutionary in the functional medicine world. So… It’s not hard to figure out that if you start punching holes in the cell membrane, that’s not a good thing, okay? Bob Miller 00:31:22 Now… There’s an interesting molecule called NAD. Thicotide adenoside dinucleotide. And anybody who’s in the, you know, listening to the health podcasts and things, they’re… They’re, they’re learning about NAD. And I’m going to show you a chart later, all the good things that NAD does, but For the most part, it helps what’s called sirtuins. And sirtuins are quite interesting. If anybody’s looking at longevity. The sirtuins is where they’re looking at.Because sirtuins turn on good things. Turn off bad things. And I’ll show some charts on that later. So for right here, this sirtuin uses NAD, to slow down NF-kappa-B. CERT 2 uses NAD to slow down an ORP3. So, if we’ve got genetic weakness on these, or we don’t have enough NAD, We don’t hold this pathway back. Make sense? Dr. Deb Muth 00:32:24 Yeah, makes perfect sense. Bob Miller 00:32:25 Now, I’ll show this a little bit later. So, people are like, oh, well, I’m gonna start taking some NAD. Dr. Deb Muth 00:32:31 Right. Bob Miller 00:32:32 And there’s functional doctors who give NAD intravenous. It was just this morning, I was talking to a woman who said, Oh my gosh. I went and got intravenous NAD, and it took me a month to recover from that. Dr. Deb Muth 00:32:45 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:32:46 what happens is, and I’ll show this in a little more detail, there’s an enzyme called CD38, that’s stimulated by NF-kappa-B. And it takes NAD, To make intracellular calcium. that stimulates NLRP3 and actually makes things worse. So, if we have this guy upregulated, and I’ll show a chart what does that. taking NAD will make you worse. Again, when I go into the software, I’ll show you that whole pathway, so… I would encourage people, you know, just don’t go out and start taking massive amounts of NAD, you know, stick your toe in the water, see how you do. Because everything you’ve heard about, how good it is, is true, unless this guy says, oh, thank you very much, let me make more inflammation. Now, this might be part of our innate immune system, that if we have some pathogen that’s gonna kill us. By golly, we want that to happen. But if this is happening by environmental factors, Then it’s detrimental. So the immune system that protected us a thousand years ago now might be turning on us because of the environmental factors that we showed earlier. All right. Then there’s an enzyme called PARP that’s NAD-dependent, and that actually repairs strain breaks in your DNA. Now, the next thing that happens… is there’s an enzyme called NADPH oxidase that gets stimulated. and something called INOS. Now, I’m sure most people know about nitric oxide. It’s a gas that dilates your blood vessels. That’s why sometimes they’ll even give people drugs, nitroglycerin, to boost their nitric oxide. That’s why people are doing beetroots and other things to boost their nitric oxide. But there’s an OS3 enzyme that makes the nitric oxide that’s good for blood flow. But there’s an INOS That makes nitric oxide to kill pathogens. probably might be the third or fourth time I’ve said this. That’s a good thing, unless it isn’t. So, if it’s killing some pathogen, great. It was just misfiring. it combines… With superoxide that’s made by this enzyme, and makes something called peroxynitrite, which is one nasty free radical that chews you up and spits you out. So, the NOx enzyme, NADPH oxidase, uses NADPH, To make this free radical called superoxide. If we have time, we’ll get into it. NADPH is what your body needs to recycle your antioxidants.So, I coined the phrase, the NADPH steel. Where the NOX enzyme takes this very important NADPH, And rather than being useful, makes superoxide. Now, again, is that fine if you’ve got some bacteria to kill? Of course. But if it’s just chronically running, it’s just making all this chronic inflammation. Then it makes something called hydrogen peroxide. And we need to clear hydrogen peroxide by 3 enzymes, catalase, thyroid reduction. And glutathione peroxidase. If we have genetic issues on here, or we don’t have the cofactors. There’s something called the Fenton reaction, discovered in 1895 by Dr. Fenton. Where hydrogen peroxide combines with iron to make what are called hydroxyl radicals. And guess what they do? They create lipid peroxides, That damages your cell membranes. Now, again, the body’s pretty darn amazing. We have glutathione, And here’s where your body’s taking glutathione and recycling it. But look who’s needed to recycle it. NADPH. So, if this guy up here is chewing it up, We don’t recycle our glutathione. And then an enzyme called glufon peroxidase 4, Takes this damaged lipid and repairs it. So, here we’ve got this protecting, we want to protect it by not having this happen. But then we also need this guy to do the restoration. So, there’s a lot that can go wrong in here, Dr. Deb. Dr. Deb Muth 00:37:07 There’s a lot that could go wrong. And I can imagine some of my listeners are thinking that lipid peroxidase, is that the same thing as what they’re thinking of when we talk about lipids and cholesterol? Is that the same process that’s happening there? Bob Miller 00:37:22 Well, no, no, the lipids can be used to make cholesterol, but here we’re talking about where they’re going to build the cell membrane. And they’re being… and they’re being, destroyed. If anybody would like to see a visual representation of this, just go on YouTube. And type in, ferrooptosis Animation. cool little video, it’s about 3 minutes long, and it shows the lipids coming over, being oxidized, and now GPX4 fixes them, so… YouTube, Pharaoptosis Animation, cute little video. It’s just that really… Shows vividly what we’re… what we’re talking about here. Now, this is… Dr. Deb Muth 00:37:59 And so this is very common, too. Like, a lot of people do hydrogen peroxide IVs. Dr. Deb Muth 00:38:04 And so, if somebody doesn’t know their genetics, they could have a problem with doing those, just like they could doing the NADHIVs, correct? Bob Miller 00:38:13 Sure, yeah, yeah, yeah. So, I’ve talked to so many, you know, of course, the hydrogen peroxide kills pathogens. I mean, that’s what it does. So… but I’ve spoken to so many people that said. I had one client that said they’ve never been the same after having one hydrogen peroxide infusion. Dr. Deb Muth 00:38:30 Interesting. Bob Miller 00:38:31 Yeah. So… it can be… I see why people use it, because it. Bob Miller 00:38:36 pathogens, But on the other hand. And now’s a good time to speak about… I don’t have it on here, but there’s a, there’s an enzyme called the HFE gene. And that is what causes you to absorb iron. And there’s mutations in it that cause something called hemochromatosis. Were you overabsorb iron? Now, true hemochromatosis is when both parents give you a mutation. But there’s now growing evidence even a heterozygous can cause a little bit more iron absorption, not to the human chromatosis point, but overabsorption. So, if you overabsorb iron, And you have too much hydrogen peroxide that’s not cleared, All kinds of inflammation. Now, what’s happened is sometimes this inflammation Will damage the red blood cells. And some well-meaning doctor says, oh, you need some iron. And they take iron and it makes it worse. So, can’t tell you how many people I’ve said, you’ve got the overabsorption of iron, and they say, well, that can’t be right, because I’m low in iron. Well, that could be because it’s being chewed up here. Dr. Deb Muth 00:39:40 Sure. GPX1 and TXN turn it into, to water. The, catalase turns it into water and oxygen. Dr. Deb Muth 00:39:58 Now, I see a lot of my clients who have mutations or SNPs on that GPX gene, on that glutathione gene. And they really struggle to clear a lot of their toxins. Bob Miller 00:40:12 Sure. Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:14 Yeah, absolutely. Well, GPX4. Bob Miller 00:40:18 is what, repairs, but you can see GPX1 Is what uses glutathione. To turn hydrogen peroxide. So, but it all depends upon having enough glutathione. Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:30 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:40:31 Well, guess who controls making a glutathione? Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:34 Nerf 2. Bob Miller 00:40:37 So, if you have a keep one weakness, or strength to two… I’m sorry, keep one is too strong. Nrf2 is too weak. You don’t make glutathione. So, when a lot of people do that, it’s like, well, I’m gonna take glutathione. Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:51 Right. Bob Miller 00:40:52 And some do great, and some do poorly. You know, because… and I’ll show this on one of the other charts. You can see here that the, The glutathione has to be recycled. And if we don’t recycle it, it actually turns into superoxide free radical. So… NADPH are the cofactors, For taking the oxidi… here’s oxidized glutathione, here’s reduced. So, this is a good glutathione. After it does its job, you can see it becomes oxidized.We need to recycle it. Well, if we have weakness on the enzyme that does that, or a weakness in Nrf2, or not enough NADPH. The oxidized glutathione never gets recycled. So, I’ve talked to a lot of people who said, oh, glutathione made me so sick, and say, well. Dr. Deb Muth 00:41:43 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:41:44 You need it, but you need to recycle it. Dr. Deb Muth 00:41:46 Can you speak for just a brief moment, too, about MTHFR? That is a very popular gene, it’s all over social media as the major gene, but can you speak to a little bit about that, and how that fits into this whole process of things? Because it is just such a small piece. Dr. Deb Muth 00:42:04 understanding genetics. Bob Miller 00:42:06 Yeah, to be honest, it drives me nuts. Dr. Deb Muth 00:42:08 Me too. Bob Miller 00:42:11 Alright, so… You know, there are people on social media I won’t say what I think, I’ll be kind. But… But the, And, you know, they might mean well. But they talk about, if you have MTHFR and COMT and PEMT, that’s… oh my goodness, that’s horrible, and we’ll fix that for you, and you’ll be fine. Bob Miller 00:42:36 it just irritates me to no end. And it really could get anybody who’s doing this legitimately in trouble. I mean, I’m afraid someday, you know, there might be some cracking down on this kind of nonsense. Now, to answer your question about MTHFR. Dr. Deb Muth 00:42:51 I mean, it really is, but I’ll tell you what, why don’t we hold that thought until I go to another map and I can actually… Okay. Bob Miller 00:42:56 But the real… the cliff notes is the MTHFR puts a methyl group on your folate, which is needed, but it has gotten way, way, way too much attention. And people learn they have MTHFR, and they start taking a multivitamin with methylfolate, then they take a B vitamin with methylfolate. Dr. Deb Muth 00:43:13 And they’re pushing it too hard. Bob Miller 00:43:15 Yeah. So I can’t tell you how many people I’ve helped by saying, stop it. Dr. Deb Muth 00:43:20 Yeah, take less of it. Bob Miller 00:43:21 Take less of it, yeah. So, yeah. Yeah, there’s a… If somebody, say, ranked the enzymes at their level of importance, MTHFR might be 40 or 50 on a scale of 100, you know. Keep one Nerf two. big deals. Dr. Deb Muth 00:43:40 deals. Bob Miller 00:43:41 NQO1 that I didn’t even talk about yet, NQO1, takes your, NA… your NAD goes into NADH, To make electrons for the electron transport chain. you need NQ01 to bring that back. If that’s not working, and I’ll show you on the NAD map how disastrous that can be. Now, the next piece is here, and I think You know, if you talk to any school teachers and say, if you’ve taught for more than 10 years, how are the kids today? Every one of them says, more ADD, ADHD, more autism. Just look at human beings, we’ve never been so agitated. You know, everybody, and it might be a social media thing, but people take a position on something, and if anybody doesn’t share that position, they view them as the enemy. Dr. Deb Muth 00:44:29 And it’s kind of scary what’s happening to us. Bob Miller 00:44:33 So, we can’t agree to disagree anymore. We see anybody who has a differing opinion as the enemy. And, you know, there was… there’s people that didn’t have Christmas dinners together, because they had political differences, like… Dr. Deb Muth 00:44:44 Excuse me. Bob Miller 00:44:45 can’t you put your political differences aside to have Christmas together, you know? Dr. Deb Muth 00:44:49 Right? Bob Miller 00:44:50 become that, you know, no matter what your position is, and I’m not saying anyone’s right or wrong, I’m just saying. You know, in the old days, they used to say that the Republicans and Democrats in Congress would argue policy and then go have dinner together. And now everybody’s all up in arms, angry. Dr. Deb Muth 00:45:05 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:45:06 So… There’s likely multiple reasons for that. But let me show you one of them. That, you know, to what degree this is… very important, we don’t know, but I think We’re beginning to believe this is very important. So, there’s something… there’s a neurotransmitter called GABA. And God buys the don’t worry, relax, be happy. Chill. Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:45:31 Nobody has enough of that anymore. Bob Miller 00:45:33 Well, yeah, you’ll be surprised what I’m gonna show you. So, let me see if I can find a, Let me see if I can find the right slide here. Let me look for it here. So, there’s something called a GABA receptor site. And here you can see… This is a neuron, and this is where you, The neuron normally is excitatory. However, there’s normally low chloride in the neuron. Dr. Deb Muth 00:46:09 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:46:10 So, GABA itself is neither relaxing. For excitatory, all GABA does, it opens up what’s called a chloride channel. And then chloride, which has a negative charge, will flow into the neuron. Follow me there? Dr. Deb Muth 00:46:26 Yep. Bob Miller 00:46:27 And as it does, it changes this from a positive charge to a negative charge, And it’s relaxing. and inhibitory. Dr. Deb Muth 00:46:34 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:46:36 Now, on the other hand, there’s enzymes called NKCC1, That will push chloride in. and KCC2 that will bring chlor… oops and bring chloride out. And then there’s a sodium channel. And, sodium has a positive charge. And glutamate will push that in. So, as long as this is happening. And GABA says, receptor sites, open, chloride goes in, Chill. However, If NKCC1 Pushes extra chloride in. KCC2 doesn’t pull it out. and GABA hits the receptor site, the GABA comes flowing out, Sodium comes in, And now it’s excitatory. So Gabba didn’t change. GABA just opened the receptor site, that’s all it does. Dr. Deb Muth 00:47:33 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:47:34 But it’s the chloride balance that’s going to determine whether this is relaxing or not. Now, these are the things that go along with when they lose that KCC2 or gain NKCC1. Pain and sensitivity, burning electrical, neuropathic pain. Normal touch hurts. Sound and light sensitivity. Tinnitus can flare. Headaches and migraines. Seizure tendency. Body jolts. Spasticity, cramps, stiffness, startle reflex. Trouble falling asleep, non-restorative sleep. Anxiety, stress, reactivity, that’s what we have now. Hyperarousal, panic-like surges, irritability, racing thoughts. Brain fog, slowed processing, working memory slip-ups. Mental fatigue. Episodes of racing hearts, sweaty palms, guts on edge. Those are all the things that happen when this GABA switch occurs. Now, here’s what happens, and this is what I’m going to be presenting at an autism conference. When you have a newborn, they need that NKCC dominant to develop. By early childhood, it should… or, sorry, early adulthood. we should move over to the KCC dominant, that’s the taking the chloride out. Nice-looking 25-year-old boys, functioning very well. However, when we get microglia M1 upregulated. Because of environmental toxins, processed foods, Tylenol, aluminum. they stay in NKCC1 dominant, and there’s ADD, ADHD, Autism, the whole spectrum. because… They’ve not moved over to the… They’ve not moved over to the KCC2. And again, this is caused by… Environmental factors. Stimulating the microglia. And then, interleukin-1, interleukin-18 weakens KCC2, interleukin-1 beta, Strengthens NKCC1. high chloride. We open up the chloride channel, In Rebell Excitatory. So, I think when, When the pediatricians get ahold of this, they’re going to be very excited to know that This could be why we’re seeing such a rise, and not just autism, but ADD, ADHD, anxiety, the whole shit mess. Dr. Deb Muth 00:49:58 thing. Bob Miller 00:49:59 Yeah, so… and you can see NF-kappa-B stimulates that. These stimulate it, and I think that’s why everyone’s getting so anxious. Now, there’s a little bit more to it, and we’ll get into this when we look at some of the maps, but… The, the glutamate, Which is excitatory. will stimulate the NMDA receptor, make more glutamate, And glutamate will inhibit KCC2. And then we also need an astrocyte To, take both ammonia And glutamate, and… Turn them back into glutamine. And I’m going to talk to you a little bit about arachidenic acid, and if we have too much arachidenic acid. or TNFA is upregulated, that doesn’t happen. Ammonia goes up, and there may be multiple reasons for this, but this is a reason why some of the autistic kids do flapping. Dr. Deb Muth 00:50:49 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:50:50 Because they’re not clearing their ammonia. And you can tell if somebody has high ammonia by… they get that old person smell, you know. Dr. Deb Muth 00:51:00 Yup. Bob Miller 00:51:01 your vehicle cycle’s not taking out the, the ammonia. Now, last pathway here. There’s growing interest in mast cell activation. So, back here, we talked about peroxynitride. And that will stimulate mast cells, and those are white blood cells that are your best friend, unless they’re your worst enemy. Then it’ll make histamine. And there’s enzymes called histidine decarboxylase that’ll make more. Dr. Deb Muth 00:51:28 I’m sure everybody’s heard of DAO, the enzyme that degrades histamine. Yep. Bob Miller 00:51:31 We can have genetic weakness, we don’t make that. There’s an enzyme called histamine and methyltransferase, That, That breaks down the histamine. Then if we don’t do that, it’ll get stuck in the histamine receptor site. And then it’ll make something called, renin. Which will cause angiotensinogen to turn into angiotensin. One, that turns into angiotensin II,And that’s where people make aldosterone, where they’ll get the, The swollen ankles and high blood pressure. But interestingly, there’s an enzyme called ACE2, that takes this guy and turns it into angiotensin 1-7, Which is anti-inflammatory and also inhibits… TNFA. Now, you can have weakness on ACE2, But… and anybody’s saying, that sounds familiar? Dr. Deb Muth 00:52:25 That’s where COVID comes in, using ACE2. Bob Miller 00:52:28 And now we just found there’s literature that if you get COVID long enough, it can actually make ACE2 not be able to work as well. So look what it does. It comes down here, stimulates the NADPH oxidase, More superoxide. More peroxynitrite. And we’re on a cycle here. We’ve actually named this the Home Cycle Hypothesis, the proposed feed-forward loop. That just keeps feeding on itself. All being caused by… Primarily, The environmental factors. But hitting those who have genetic weakness the hardest. That’s why. Dr. Deb Muth 00:53:08 To the people. Bob Miller 00:53:09 Don’t live in a moldy house. One person is sick as can be, and the other person says, well, you must be imagining things, because I don’t feel anything. Dr. Deb Muth Yeah. Same thing with long haul, right? Two people can both get sick, one gets sick and never seems to recover, and somebody else gets sick, and they have absolutely no problems with it at all. Bob Miller 00:53:30 Sure. Well, think about it, if you get COVID, and ACE2 is weak, and some of this other stuff is going on. This thing just starts feeding upon itself. Dr. Deb Muth 00:53:38 Keep creating more inflammation, more complications, nothing’s calming down. Bob Miller 00:53:43 Yeah. Now, you, you ask about, MTHFR. So, this is the, this is the, the software called Functional Genomic Analysis. There’s a demo report we have. So, let’s talk a little bit about, MTHFR. So, we actually have a map called a methylation map. Now, what happens is, when you do your saliva test, you, you know, you spit, you put some saliva. in a collection kit, goes to a lab, takes out the DNA data, sends it to the computer, and now you can actually see it visually. Okay. So, it’s gonna take a second for this, data to load up, it’s, and each of these Circles, each of these ovals, is an enzyme. And the data gets loaded up to see where it is. So, until it gets loaded up here, I didn’t preload this. There it goes. So… The primary thing about methylation is There’s a nasty substance called homocysteine that, if it’s too high, can really be detrimental. The body takes methylfolate, and combines with methyl B12, To bring this back up to methionine. And then through the MAT genes, we make SAMI, S-adml methionine. Which is involved in so many processes. Then after it does its thing, it turns back into homocysteine. And this thing needs to keep spinning around. That’s why, you know, it’s a good idea to keep homocysteine at, do you have a number that you’d like? 7, 8? What do you like for a number? Dr. Deb Muth 00:55:24 Yeah, I like mine below 7. Bob Miller 00:55:26 Yeah. So if the homocysteine goes too high. It, caused all kinds of problems. So, here’s where you ask about the MTHFR. So, here you can see on this individual. I click on MTHFR, and you can see it comes up here, here’s the C677. And you can see here where it says, variants. I’ll… I’ll draw in case somebody’s having a hard time seeing that. So, you can see there’s nothing in there. That means there’s no genetic mutations. If one parent would have given a mutation, there’d be a 1. If both parents did, there’d be a 2. Now, here’s why Yes, methylation is important, I’m not saying it isn’t important, but look at this MTHFRC677. In my software. Only 42.5% of the population does not have a mutation. 44.7% have won. 12.9 have 2. So, this isn’t some rare, oh my god, I’m gonna die… Kind of thing, yeah. Dr. Deb Muth 00:56:27 Right. Bob Miller 00:56:28 So, And then what happens is that, and again, I’m not dismissing methylation, I… we could do a whole show on methylation. Bob Miller 00:56:36 get it. But I think that what people are doing is they’re, they’re learning about MTHFR, they get it measured, they panic. They start taking massive amounts of methylfolate, which many times is to their detriment. Dr. Deb Muth 00:56:50 Well, it’s… and isn’t it true, too, with MTHFR, like, you have to also look at MTR, MTRR, and the more we stack up of those, the more complicated than MTHFR can be. It’s not… it’s not as simple as just saying MTHFR 677 versus 1298. It’s more complex than that, kind of like what you’ve already shown with some of the other things. There’s more to it than just that one little sliver. Bob Miller 00:57:17 Oh, sure, well, let’s take a look. So, remember I said there’s a cofactor? One of the cofactors is called FAD. Just a Bob Miller observation, that’s all. But when people have trouble with their riboflavin and they don’t have enough FAD, They’re doing much worse than people who have just a C677. So, right here, you could have perfect C677th. And if you don’t have the cofactor, it’s not gonna work, okay? Dr. Deb Muth 00:57:48 And as you said, there’s an MTR enzyme. Bob Miller 00:57:51 that takes methylfolate and methyl B12, to spin it around. So, here on this individual. here’s your… here’s your B vitamins, or I’m sorry, your B12s. There’s an enzyme called TCN1 that takes it from the stomach into the blood. Then there’s other enzymes that take it from the blood into the tissue. And if you’re having trouble here. Well, then you’re not going to have this working, so… Even if you don’t have MTHFR, And you have MTR, like this, no, I’m sorry, this person doesn’t. But they have the MTRR, and then they don’t have enough B12, this isn’t gonna work, aside from that. And then there’s a middle pathway. And then there’s enzymes called the MAT1. they take the methionine to the salmon. If that’s not working, we stick… we get stuck in methionine. So, it’s, it’s not just an MTHFR. And then, one of the things that people forget about. is through these CBS enzymes and CTH, We make cysteine, which is needed to make glutathione. The master antioxidant. So, it really is that… I call it the, The 3D chess game played underwater. Dr. Deb Muth 00:59:07 It really is. I mean, I see people who have CVS, COMT, glutathione, MGHFR genes. And some of them function just fine. Like, they have Like, I look at this person and I’m like, oh my gosh, I don’t know how they’re functioning because they’re double mutated on so many pathways, but yet they don’t have a lot of symptoms, they don’t have a lot of complications. Somehow their body has figured out a way to adapt to what it has so it can stay alive and it can function at a high functioning level. Bob Miller 00:59:36 Yeah, and they may be, you know, eating right? Yeah. Staying out of a moldy house. reducing stress. So, it’s diet, it’s stress, it’s genetics, environmental factors. So, yeah, we can’t just say somebody’s gonna be good or somebody’s gonna be bad. You know, some people get scared, oh, I got all these, it’s like, well… Bob Miller 00:59:56 Are you living in a moldy house? You know, and if you live in a moldy house and your glucuronidation pathway doesn’t do well, or if you’re, you know, a smoker, or you’re constantly eating junk food, I mean, all. Bob Miller 01:00:07 things come together. Although, you know, when we focus on genetics, we’re well aware that this is just a piece of it. You know, you could have identical twins, Genetically, and if one… Is exposed to mold and smokes and drinks and stressed out. They’re gonna be a whole lot sicker than their sibling. Bob Miller 01:00:28 Yep. Dr. Deb Muth 01:00:29 Yeah, it’s that concept of taking twins, and one gets raced with one family, and one gets raced with another family, and they don’t have the same… problems that… that each other have, you know? It’s a very unique situation, we don’t think about that enough. Bob Miller 01:00:44 Alright, so again, genetics loads the gun, environment pulls the trigger. So, if you’ve got a loaded gun, but you don’t have the triggers, you’re okay. Dr. Deb Muth 01:00:53 Yeah. Bob Miller 01:00:54 Yeah. So, remember I said I was going to talk about NAD? So, here’s NAD, and what it does, it turns into NADH. And what NADH does, it, Comes down this pathway, what’s called the electron transport chain. And that makes your ATP, that’s your energy. So, if this wasn’t working, we wouldn’t be alive, because we wouldn’t have energy. So it donates an electron, that’s why it’s called electron transport chain. So, we need NAD, To make this, to make the energy. But remember I said that NQ01, this would probably be, like, on my top 10 list of… Bob Miller 01:01:36 Much more important than MTHFR. This one takes NADH back to NAD. If we’re stuck over here, We’re low in this NAD+, But what happens is, NQO1 also provides CoQ10. And CoQ10 Is what’s needed for the electron transport chain to flow. So if we get too many electrons up here. And they don’t turn them into energy. They make a nasty free radical called superoxide. Okay. Now, NAD plus also makes NADPH, And that is needed. Remember I said we need to recycle our antioxidants. So, if we have a problem with FAD from riboflavin. Yeah, we don’t have enough NADPH, Glutathione’s not getting recycled, and you’re gonna be inflamed. And you take glutathione, you’ll feel worse. There’s another enzyme called thimoredoxin. Same thing, needs NADPH and FAD. And same way with your nitric oxide, there’s an enzyme called NOS3, That makes the nitric oxide that dilates your blood vessels. And if we don’t have enough NADPH or fat, You’re gonna make superoxide. Rather than nitric oxide. Now, remember

Part 2 of 3. In 1982 in Chicago, Illinois, people dropped dead after taking Tylenol filled with potassium cyanide. It all happened in a matter of hours and then it stopped. I will be interviewing Michelle Rosen, whose mother was one of the unfortunate victims. We will discuss the official narrative in this case, and all the illogical and perplexing actions taken by the authorities in response to the murders.

Most people assume that if a drug sits on the shelf at Costco or Walgreens, it must be pretty safe. But what if some of the most common over-the-counter (OTC) medications are among the riskiest drugs in America? On this vintage episode of Vitality Radio, Jared exposes the hidden dangers behind everyday pain relievers, sleep aids, and heartburn drugs—medicines that cause thousands of deaths every year when misused or taken long-term. You'll learn how a drug becomes “OTC,” what happens when pharmaceutical companies push for that switch, and why the FDA's approval process might not tell the whole story. Jared dives into the startling realities of PPIs like Prilosec, NSAIDs like ibuprofen, and acetaminophen (Tylenol)—uncovering their risks to the liver, kidneys, bones, and brain. He also discusses how marketing convinces consumers these drugs are harmless. Finally, Jared offers a resource for safe, natural alternatives for reflux, pain, inflammation, sleep, and immune support—options that nourish the body instead of depleting it. This episode will change the way you look at “harmless” OTC drugs and help you take real control of your health.Additional Information:#341: Your Digestive Health Supplement User's Guide. From IBS to Acid Reflux - Learn How to Balance Your Gut Health With Natural Products. #522: Q&A Show #5 - Jared Answers Your Questions About Energy and Sleep!#471: Boosting Your Immune System Ahead of Winter #553: Boswellia & Curcumin: Nature's Dream Team for Pain & Inflammation with Dr. Lexi LochVisit the podcast website here: VitalityRadio.comYou can follow @vitalitynutritionbountiful and @vitalityradio on Instagram, or Vitality Radio and Vitality Nutrition on Facebook. Join us also in the Vitality Radio Podcast Listener Community on Facebook. Shop the products that Jared mentions at vitalitynutrition.com. Let us know your thoughts about this episode using the hashtag #vitalityradio and please rate and review us on Apple Podcasts. Thank you!Just a reminder that this podcast is for educational purposes only. The FDA has not evaluated the podcast. The information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The advice given is not intended to replace the advice of your medical professional.

Rod and Karen banter about commercials with famous celebrities, birthday cake, Red Bull and free ice cream samples. Then they discuss CBS News Boss 'Furious' Over Anderson Cooper's '60 Minutes' Farewell: Report, Trump’s Justice Department scrubs its website of news releases about Jan. 6 defendants, RFK Jr blames Tylenol for autism again, Black Capitalism™ (Queen Latifah, Megan Thee Stallion, Kanye West), Black Folks Business™ (Ray J, Cardi B going after Tasha K again, TX embalmer has case dismissed), man destroys chiropractor sign, woman shoots two attorneys outside courthouse, man replaces legos with pasta and sword ratchetness. Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/theblackguywhotips Twitter: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@rodimusprime⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@SayDatAgain⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@TBGWT⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Instagram: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@TheBlackGuyWhoTips⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Email: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠theblackguywhotips@gmail.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Blog: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.theblackguywhotips.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Teepublic Store⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠- https://the-black-guy-who-tips-podcast.dashery.com/ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Amazon Wishlist⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ – https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/1PDD9JUQUNVY5?ref_=wl_share ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Crowdcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ – https://www.crowdcast.io/theblackguywhotips Voicemail: ‪(980) 500-9034Go Premium: https://www.theblackguywhotips.com/premium/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tylenol isn't the only answer when your child has a fever. Here's what a Naturopathic Doctor reaches for first, and when conventional fever reducers actually make sense. In this episode, Dr. Elana walks through her full three-step fever framework: when it's okay to do nothing except hydrate and rest, which comfort therapies to try first (including cold wet socks), and how to use natural Tylenol substitutes like homeopathy and herbs before ever reaching for a fever reducer. You'll also learn exactly when conventional medicine still has a place, because being a Doctor Mom means having a full toolbox, not just one option. Topics Covered In This Episode: Treat the Child, Not the Number on the Thermometer Fever Safety for Babies Under 3 Months How to Do Magic Socks for Fever Relief Top Homeopathic Remedies for Fever (Belladonna, Aconite, Pulsatilla) Herbal Support: Elderberry, Lemon Balm and Echinacea Where Tylenol and Ibuprofen Fit In When to Call the Doctor Show Notes: Get your Free Fever Protocol Guide Click here to learn more about Dr. Elana Roumell's Doctor Mom Membership, a membership designed for moms who want to be their child's number one health advocate! Click here to explore Steph Greunke, RD's Mindset and Metabolism Substack, nuanced discussions on fat loss and behavior change for women. Watch this episode on our Youtube channel @medschoolformoms Listen to today's episode on our website This Episode's Sponsors  Discover for yourself why Needed is trusted by 15,000+ women's health practitioners, including Dr. Elana and Steph. Needed supports optimal health and nourishment throughout the Motherspan--from preconception through perimenopause. Enjoy their range of practitioner-formulated, third-party tested supplements and get 20% off with code DOCTORMOM. Visit thisisneeded.com Active Skin Repair is a must-have for everyone to keep themselves and their families healthy and clean.  Keep a bottle in the car to spray your face after removing your mask, a bottle in your medicine cabinet to replace your toxic first aid products, and one in your outdoor pack for whatever life throws at you.  Use code DOCTORMOM to receive 20% off your order + free shipping (with $50 minimum purchase). Visit BLDGActive.com to order. INTRODUCE YOURSELF to Steph and Dr. Elana on Instagram. They can't wait to meet you! @stephgreunke @drelanaroumell Please remember that the views and ideas presented on this podcast are for informational purposes only.  All information presented on this podcast is for informational purposes and not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a healthcare provider. Consult with your healthcare provider before starting any diet, supplement regimen, or to determine the appropriateness of the information shared on this podcast, or if you have any questions regarding your treatment plan.

Grab a beer and join us tonight as we kick off our two-part series on the 1982 Chicago Tylenol Murders. We'll start with the morning of September 29th, when a twelve-year-old girl in Elk Grove Village took a Tylenol for a cold and died, and the hours that followed as authorities slowly pieced together that the deaths spreading across the Chicago suburbs weren't a coincidence. We'll walk through the victims, the investigation, and the realization that someone had been pulling bottles off store shelves, lacing capsules with potassium cyanide, and putting them back. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices