Podcast appearances and mentions of Mike Anderson

Listen to Milken Institute Global Conference coverage. In this episode, ⁠Adam Torres⁠ and ⁠Mike Anderson⁠, Director of Marketing at Arena Capital Advisors, explore Mike's Journey in finance and the Milken Institute Global Conferenc Follow Adam on Instagram at ⁠https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/⁠ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: ⁠https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/⁠ Visit our website: ⁠https://missionmatters.com/⁠ More FREE content from Mission Matters here: ⁠https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Listen to Milken Institute Global Conference coverage. In this episode, Adam Torres and Mike Anderson, Director of Marketing at Arena Capital Advisors, explore Mike's Journey in finance and the Milken Institute Global Conferenc Follow Adam on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/ Visit our website: https://missionmatters.com/ More FREE content from Mission Matters here: https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Send us a textEpisode Notes:  Host Rick Selover celebrates his 200th episode of The Mind Wrench by welcoming back industry titan Mike Anderson! They dive deep into the evolving collision repair landscape and the powerful forces driving positive change.

Police body cam footage is showing the moment officers found over 150 dogs inside an Ogden home. KSL 5 TV's Mike Anderson walks through the footage with Dave and Debbie and breaks down the latest on the case.

For this week's episode, we staring a new series on OEM certification. To kick off the OEM discussion, we have industry legend Mike Anderson returning to the show. Mike is the President and Owner of CollisionAdvice, Collision Industry Trainer, Consultant, Facilitator, and host of the new podcast "On The Road with Mike Anderson." Today, we'll cover why shops should consider OEM certifications, how to choose the right ones, the steps to get certified, and how to maximize the value of those credentials. If you're looking to strengthen your shop's credibility, improve repair quality, and position yourself for long-term success in an evolving industry, this episode is for you. Let's get started!  Connect with Mike: Social: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mike-anderson-1124ba48/ Website: https://collisionadvice.com/ Contact: https://collisionadvice.com/contact/     This episode is sponsored by: asTech asTech is dedicated to safety, precision, and innovation in vehicle diagnostics. With industry-leading scanning and calibration solutions, asTech ensures every repair meets OEM standards, enhancing safety and customer satisfaction. Continuously testing and scanning new vehicles, asTech refines its technology to stay ahead of modern repair challenges. A tool stack covering 40+ brands and a network of 400+ ASE and I-CAR certified technicians provide fast, accurate diagnostics that maximize efficiency. asTech—driven by precision, powered by safety.  Visit https://astech.com/ today or call 1-888-486-1166.

In this episode, the conversation focuses on the importance of communication in education, featuring insights from Anne Louise Wagner, Ryan McCormick and Mike Anderson. They discuss the barriers to effective communication, the significance of modeling appropriate communication for students, and the creation of a safe learning environment. The speakers emphasize the role of humor and personal connections in enhancing communication, as well as the need for continuous improvement in communication skills. They also explore the challenges of adapting communication styles in different contexts and the powerful influence adults have on shaping student communication behaviors.  Teachers often unintentionally send mixed messages to students. Modeling appropriate communication is crucial for student learning. Creating a safe environment encourages students to take risks. Humor and playfulness can enhance communication in the classroom. Personal connections foster a positive learning atmosphere. Awareness of tone and body language impacts communication effectiveness. Adults should model the behavior they want to see in students. Communication skills can always be improved and refined. Mistakes in communication provide opportunities for growth. Learn more about Mike: https://leadinggreatlearning.com/ Connect with Anne Louise - alwagner@high5adventure.org Connect with Ryan - rmccormick@high5adventure.org Connect with Phil; Email - podcast@high5adventure.org Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/verticalplaypen/ Music and sound effects - epidemicsound.com  

Lors d'une visite a Val-Cartier, Steeve rencontre Patrick Gosselin et Mike Anderson, Mike et Patrick nous parlent de leur passion pour le sport et pour les gens, de leur implication, entre-autre, au Mont Castor et à VBN, de la création du groupe Facebook Mordu Vélo De Montagne, de l'organisation du festival de Fat Bike -La survie des vélos Gras-, de trail building, de patrouille, de voyage, de bike et encore de bike.Bonne écoute avec Les Mordus!

Ogden Animal Services rescued over 150 dogs from a single home in Ogden. They were found in "extremely poor and overcrowded conditions". We speak to KSL-TV's Mike Anderson and Animal advocate, Amy Donaldson about the situation and what the public can do for these dogs that need to be rescued or fostered.

Curious how someone can rebound from financial despair with just $500 left to their name and turn it into an $800,000 success story? Could this be your path to triumph in recruiting?   Today's recruiters face immense challenges, from rising financial pressures to struggling in a crowded marketplace. These hurdles often leave professionals feeling deflated and unsure of their next steps. In this episode of The Elite Recruiter Podcast, Randee Staats shares his extraordinary journey, offering valuable insights into overcoming personal and professional adversity. His account of turning financial rock bottom into a beacon of hope is not just a story—it could be the very strategy you need to reinvent your career and secure financial independence. Uncover the secrets behind Randee's revolutionary points system that gamifies daily recruiting tasks, enhancing efficiency and keeping teams motivated through measurable goals and achievements.Understand the pivotal role of strategic mentorship and how aligning with successful industry experts like Mike Anderson can catalyze transformative growth and sustainable success in your recruiting business.Gain practical methods to combat stress and depression, illustrating how mindset changes and small, consistent actions can empower you to navigate personal and business challenges with renewed confidence and clarity.   Listen to this inspiring episode now to discover how Randee Staats turned immense obstacles into incredible opportunities, and learn how you can apply these principles to your recruiting career for unparalleled growth and achievement. Don't miss out—transform your professional journey today! Resilience in Recruiting – Live Event March 25th FREE - https://resilience-in-recruiting.heysummit.com/ Free Trial of PeopleGPT and its AI Agents: https://juicebox.ai/?via=b6912d  Signup for future emails from The Elite Recruiter Podcast: https://eliterecruiterpodcast.beehiiv.com/subscribe    YouTube: https://youtu.be/GW1hhUwDT_8  Follow Randee Staats on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/randee-staats-jr/  With your Host Benjamin Mena with Select Source Solutions: http://www.selectsourcesolutions.com/  Benjamin Mena LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminmena/  Benjamin Mena Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/benlmena/

Send us a textEpisode Notes: The Season of Transformation: Conference & Tradeshow SeasonTrade show and conference season is officially upon us in the collision repair industry, and it's the perfect time to make a commitment that could transform your business.

Get the book, Tackling the Motivation Crisis: How to Activate Student Learning Without Behavior Charts, Pizza Parties, or Other Hard-to-Quit Incentive Systems Visit Mike's website LeadingGreatLearning.com About The Author Mike Anderson is a full time education consultant who works with diverse schools across the United States and beyond. He was a classroom teacher for 15 years and then a Responsive Classroom consultant and developer for 6 years. He is also the author of many books about great teaching and learning.   This episode of Principal Center Radio is sponsored by IXL, the most widely used online learning and teaching platform for K-12. Discover the power of data-driven instruction in your school with IXL—it gives you everything you need to maximize learning, from a comprehensive curriculum to meaningful school-wide data. Visit IXL.com/center to lead your school towards data-driven excellence today.   

TOPIC: EV Batteries PANEL: Bob Lee, LG Energy Solution; Mike Anderson, Battery Technology; Gary Vasilash, shinymetalboxes.net; John McElroy, Autoline.tv

Capt. Mike Anderson is joined by George Lambert of Relentless Knives. George speaks about his time in the military, how Relentless Knives was born, what makes the product unique and much more. Sit back, relax, and listen to this great conversation and subscribe to the Reel Animals Podcast with Capt. Mike Anderson on Apple Podcasts, […] The post George Lambert of Relentless Knives appeared first on Radio Influence.

Capt. Mike Anderson is joined by Nick Vasilaros of Abyss Battery to discuss his company, how it got started, his love of fishing, and much more. Sit back, relax, and listen to this great conversation and subscribe to the Reel Animals Podcast with Capt. Mike Anderson on Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, TuneIn Radio, Google Play, and […] The post Nick Vasilaros of Abyss Battery appeared first on Radio Influence.

On this Episode of Oldwood Outdoors Podcast I am joined by Mike Anderson the 2009 Worlds Champion. Me, and Mike talk about our duck seasons, and how it went. We talk about how ducks migrate, we talk contests calling. Mike takes us back to that 2009 day, and all what he learned from Butch, and Jimbo.

The Reel Animals Podcast is back with its first episode of 2025 and in this episode, Capt. Mike Anderson is joined by Capt. Mike Rogal of Bay Native Fishing. Sit back, relax, and listen to this great conversation and subscribe to the Reel Animals Podcast with Capt. Mike Anderson on Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, TuneIn Radio, […] The post Captain Mike Rogal of Bay Native Fishing appeared first on Radio Influence.

Matt Brown of the Extra Points newsletter joins the ESPN Roundtable to talk Ohio State's big win on the field and big loss on the books, plus what he learned from a busy winter travel schedule. Plus: Mike Anderson of Griz hockey previews a big rivalry weekend.

Get the book, Rekindle Your Professional Fire: Powerful Habits for Becoming a More Well-Balanced Teacher Listen to Mike's Principal Center Radio interview on his book, Learning to Choose, Choosing to Learn: The Key to Student Motivation and Achievement Visit Mike's website LeadingGreatLearning.com About The Author Mike Anderson of Leading Great Learning is a full time education consultant who has worked with diverse schools across the United States and beyond for more than a decade. He was a classroom teacher for 15 years and then a Responsive Classroom consultant and developer for 6 years. He is a Milken National Educator Award winner, and was a finalist for New Hampshire Teacher of the Year. He is the author of 10 books, including three that were selected as ASCD member books. 

Former Griz running back and current practicing lawyer Andrew Schmidt joins the ESPN Roundtable to break down the recent spate of lawsuits against the NCAA, what they mean for the future of college sports and where we might end up in a worst-case scenario. Plus: Griz hockey associate head coach Mike Anderson previews the weekend's games against Washington.

In this Thursday episode of the SMB Community Podcast, host James Kernan talks with Mike Anderson, Director of Global Channels for EZDMark. They discuss the importance of DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance) in improving email deliverability and protecting domains from spoofing. Mike shares his journey from the car business to technology, and explains how EZDMark's user-friendly analytics platform aids MSPs in managing DMARC concerns and monetizing these services. They highlight the platform's risk assessment tool, which allows MSPs to generate quick, customized risk assessments to attract potential clients. The episode concludes with details on special promotions and the simplicity of onboarding with EZDMark.   Chapter Markers: 00:00 Introduction to SMB Community Podcast 00:54 Meet Mike Anderson from EZDMark 01:58 Mike Anderson's Journey into Technology 03:08 Understanding EZDMark and DMARC 04:33 EZDMark's Unique Features and Benefits 06:34 The Power of EZDMark's Assessment Tool 10:31 Onboarding and Special Promotions 14:06 Final Thoughts and Conclusion   New Book Release: I'm proud to announce the release of my new book, The Anthology of Cybersecurity Experts! This collection brings together 15 of the nation's top minds in cybersecurity, sharing real-world solutions to combat today's most pressing threats. Whether you're an MSP, IT leader, or simply passionate about protecting your data, this book is packed with expert advice to help you stay secure and ahead of the curve. Available now on Amazon! https://a.co/d/f2NKASI   Sponsor Memo: Since 2006, Kernan Consulting has been through over 30 transactions in mergers & acquisitions - and just this past year, we have been involved in six (6). If you are interested in either buying, selling, or valuation information, please reach out. There is alot of activity and you can be a part of it. For more information, reach out at kernanconsulting.com

Achieving $2.4 Million in Personal Revenue: Mike Anderson Reveals His Top Business Development Secrets   BD and Sales Summit Registration: https://bd-sales-recruiter-summit.heysummit.com/ Rock The Year – Recruiter Growth Summit: https://rock-the-year.heysummit.com/     In the current economic climate, recruiters are grappling with maintaining performance levels and securing consistent income. This episode of The Elite Recruiter Podcast is a treasure trove of insights from Mike Anderson, a recruiting maestro who generated $2.4 million annually through strategic excellence and personal growth. Mike's story is a powerful guide on how to thrive by building robust relationships, embracing honesty, and using innovative business development strategies that defy market challenges. Build Unshakable Relationships for Resilient Success: Learn from Mike Anderson's emphasis on the irreplaceable advantage of nurturing genuine, long-term relationships. Discover how these connections can provide stability and growth, even in the toughest market conditions.Experience Transformative Personal and Career Growth: Hear Mike's compelling journey from battling personal demons, including alcoholism and depression, to achieving professional success. His personal transformation offers valuable lessons for those seeking to overcome their own obstacles and reach unparalleled heights.Acquire Practical, Innovative Recruiting Strategies: Gain actionable insights on creating standout, authentic recruiter communications and engaging in effective time management. Mike's innovative business development tactics, like the "Most Placeable Candidate" pitch and strategic email sequences, provide a roadmap for breaking into new companies and achieving sustained growth.   Don't miss out on these invaluable lessons—listen to this episode now and start transforming your recruiting career today from The Elite Recruiter Podcast The Top Recruiting Podcast! BD and Sales Summit Registration: https://bd-sales-recruiter-summit.heysummit.com/ Rock The Year – Recruiter Growth Summit: https://rock-the-year.heysummit.com/   Join The Elite Recruiter Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/share/g/1D75ReiFKo/  Want to check out Finish The Year Strong Summit Replays? - https://finish-the-year-strong.heysummit.com/ Signup for future emails from The Elite Recruiter Podcast: https://eliterecruiterpodcast.beehiiv.com/subscribe   YouTube: https://youtu.be/J0EVfJpzoyo   Follow Mike Anderson on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/recoveryandrecruitingmike/ Recruiter BillPrint: https://recruiterbillprint.com/  With your Host Benjamin Mena with Select Source Solutions: http://www.selectsourcesolutions.com/  Benjamin Mena LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminmena/  Benjamin Mena Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/benlmena/ Recruiting, Business Development, Mike Anderson, Personal Transformation, Coaching, Client Relations, Sobriety, Recruitment Mastery, Market Downturns #Recruiting #BusinessDevelopment #MikeAnderson #TheEliteRecruiterPodcast #RecruiterSuccess #CareerGrowth #SobrietyJourney

Ryan Tootell, formerly of Tootell and Nuanez, visits his old stomping grounds to deliver the final word on the Montana Grizzlies' up-and-down season. Plus: Mike Anderson of Griz hockey gives an update on the team heading into the winter break.

National FCS expert Sam Herder drops by to open the show by breaking down all the results from the first round of the playoffs. Plus: Voice of the Bobcats Keaton Gillogly, and Griz hockey's Mike Anderson.

Nick Underhill joins to talk Saints vs. Rams. Mike Anderson joins us to talk his new collection and we close out with some recruiting news and ask the bench. 

National FCS expert Sam Herder joined the show to break down all the likely FCS playoff scenarios for the teams at the top of the Big Sky Conference - Montana, Montana State, UC Davis and Idaho. Plus: Bobcats safety Rylan Ortt and Griz hockey coach Mike Anderson join the show.

MLR Weekly: Mike Anderson Growing Rugby in Black Communities, USA Men's Nail-biter, MLR News, Rumors

A meeting in Kaysville got heated this morning over the Davis County Commissions decision to put a code blue warming center in the middle of town. KSL TV's Mike Anderson was at the meeting.

In the 2nd Hour of Wednesday's Nuanez Now, Colter Nuanez would look ahead to Montana's upcoming battle with UC Davis visiting with the head coach of the Aggies Tim Plough as part of the ESPN Roundtable. Geoff Safford would then conclude the show by shifting the topic to the ice rink to chat with Mike Anderson of the Montana Grizzly Hockey Team. The duo would chat a bit about the NHL before shifting to topics surrounding Griz Hockey's upcoming action.  

Brady Hull of 1310 KFKA in Colorado joins Colter Nuanez on the ESPN Roundtable to break down Montana's upcoming opponent, the Northern Colorado Bears. Plus: Mike Anderson of Griz hockey.

Colter Nuanez would start off Wednesday's edition of Nuanez Now with his regular guest Sam Herder of HERO Sports to discuss story lines from around the FCS Football world. Then Nuanez would welcome Miles Jackson of the Montana State Football team to the show to discuss the upcoming road trip to Portland State for the Bobcats. Nuanez would wrap up the first hour with Mike Anderson of Griz Hockey to preview the upcoming weekend of action on the ice. 

National FCS insider Sam Herder of HERO Sports joins Colter Nuanez to break down the big games in the Big Sky and across the country. Plus: Alec Eckert of Montana State and Mike Anderson of Griz hockey.

Do you wish you could reignite the passion for teaching you once had? In this episode, guest Mike Anderson, author of "Rekindle Your Professional Fire," shares his experiences as a teacher and consultant, offering insights on how to revitalize your enthusiasm for education. He provides practical strategies and actionable tips for educators at all stages of their careers.In this episode you will learn:The importance of balancing teaching responsibilities with personal lifeHow to identify and engage in professional activities that align with your passionsStrategies for rekindling your professional fire and avoiding burnoutPractical tips to cultivate more positivity in your daily teaching practiceThe power of small, sustainable habit changes for long-term professional growthWays to surround yourself with positive influences in your work environmentTechniques for shifting your mindset to focus on the positive aspects of teachingHow to implement gratitude practices with both colleagues and studentsGet Mike's book: Rekindle Your Professional FireClick HERE for my Free Teacher Burnout Assessment.Check out my instagram @BarbFlowersCoaching HERE for more tips and strategies!Click HERE to sign up for a free coaching session.  We're thrilled to be sponsored by IXL. IXL's comprehensive teaching and learning platform for math, language arts, science, and social studies is accelerating achievement in 95 of the top 100 U.S. school districts. Loved by teachers and backed by independent research from Johns Hopkins University, IXL can help you do the following and more:Simplify and streamline technologySave teachers' timeReliably meet Tier 1 standardsImprove student performance on state assessments

Today's episode is all about new technologies and their relationship with insurance. More specifically, we'll dive into how ADAS calibration and insurance are working together, and what the future of that relationship might look like. Our guests are Mike Anderson, president & owner of Collision Advice, and Steve Dawson, Washington DC Regional Manager for Hunter Engineering. Enjoy the show! Connect with Steve Dawson: Social: https://www.linkedin.com/in/steve-dawson-hunter/ Web: https://www.hunter.com/alignment-machines/collision-alignment/#overview  https://www.hunter.com/alignment-machines/adas-calibration-tools/   Connect with Mike Anderson: Social: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mike-anderson-1124ba48/ Web: https://collisionadvice.com/ This episode is sponsored by: Hunter Engineering At Hunter Engineering, the theme behind all their products is do it right, do it once. So when you're doing alignments, the time to find hidden damage is before you start, not after. The workflow for Hunter's Collision Alignment System surfaces the trouble right up front by providing five additional collision-specific measurements, like toe out on turn, maximum steer and ride height, to find the problems right away. It's all about efficiency, so find the damage before it finds you. To learn more about Hunter's Collision Alignment System, visit https://www.hunter.com/

This week, John is joined by Mike Anderson & Frank Hilliker from the German American Societies of San Diego. They discuss their involvement in El Cajon's Oktoberfest through the years, the history of Oktoberfest, and how to plan your visit this year! 52nd Oktoberfest in El CajonSept. 27-29 & Oct. 4-6Friday Hours: 4-10pmSaturday Hours: 12-10pmSunday Hours: 12-9pm1017 S. Mollison Ave, El Cajon, CABuy Tickets HereTo contact John Olsen,619-855-1151John@TheSanteeGuy.comJohnOlsen.com  John Olsen RE Facebook  Santee Update Facebook  

FCS insider Sam Herder returns for his weekly swing around the top stories in the subdivision. Plus: Montana State wide receiver Lonyatta Alexander, and Griz hockey assistant coach Mike Anderson.

This week on Expired, we sit down with the owners of Chatta-cakes Bakery, Shannon and Mike Anderson. Their son Gavin was killed two years ago and NOTHING has been done! Gavin was 25-years-old and was in good health working as a tile mason. He actually did the tiles at his parents business, located at 5143 Hixson Pike. He was found in his apartment in East Ridge, Tennessee on July 16th, 2022. The air conditioner was set to 60 degrees, all the breakers were off except for the air conditioner and the fridge and there were several blood stained t-shirts and rags laying around. The Anderson immediately called the East Ridge Police Department were the nightmare began. #JusticeForGavinAnderson #chattacakes #chattanooga #bakery #expiredpodcastLifeLine 911A podcast hosted by 911 First Responders to discuss issues and stories in the field.Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the Show.

Colter Nuanez and Andrew Houghton discuss which Big Sky football team has the most pressure heading into the 2024 season. Plus: Corvallis track star Olivia Lewis visits the studio after being named the Gatorade Athlete of the Year, and Griz hockey's Mike Anderson wraps up the Stanley Cup Finals.

Griz hockey's Mike Anderson previews the monumental Game 7 of the Stanley Cup Finals. Plus: Andrew Houghton catches up with newly-named Idaho women's basketball coach Arthur Moreira.

We thought the Mike Anderson would be talking about the end of the Stanley Cup Finals this week, but the Edmonton Oilers dragged the series to six games after being down 3-0. Mike breaks down the keys to Game 6. Plus: Geoff Safford talks Missoula Paddleheads, Willie Mays and the MLB season so far.

Colter Nuanez talks about the big sports news of the day, including the death of Jerry West, plus hears from Devin Carpenter of Missoula Pride about Pride Night at the Ballpark and Mike Anderson of Griz hockey about the Stanley Cup Finals.

Shoutout first and foremost to Lombard Equipment - our sponsor of this series and your #1 choice when looking to purchase new and refurbished equipment from Maine to Miami!Reach out to them today! Massachussets Office: (800) 422-PULLFlorida Office: 888-440-WELDVirginia Office: 833-MIG-WELDVisit them online: https://lombardequipment.com/We are kicking off the series from the SE Collision Conference 2024 in Greensboro, North Carolina with the one and only Mike Anderson of Collision Advice! Mike had a couple of sessions: 1) Future-proof Your Shop: Tomorrow's Success Starts with Today2) 100% DisassemblyToday we talk about:Importance of 100% dissassemblyWhat got you success is not going to be what gets you success in the futureCurrent industry trendsManufacturer's supporting their certified collision shop networkContact Mike Anderson DirectlyCall Collision Advice: 703-898-0715Collision Advice Website: https://collisionadvice.com/Send an Email: https://collisionadvice.com/contact/____________________________ Connect with Micki on LinkedIn Now! :) https://www.linkedin.com/in/micki-woods-36374121/ For more info on Micki's Marketing Services to help you grow your shop's revenue click here: https://collisioncentermarketing.comEmail Micki directly at micki@mickiwoodsmarketing.comSupport the Show.For more info on Micki's Marketing Services to help you grow your shop's revenue click here: https://collisioncentermarketing.comEmail Micki directly at micki@mickiwoodsmarketing.com Join the Body Bangin' Facebook Group!https://www.facebook.com/groups/989546031854134

Trying to manage the weeds in your vineyard? John Roncoroni, Weed Science Farm Advisor Emeritus with the University of California Cooperative Extension, Agriculture and Natural Resources covers control practices including biological, mechanical, cultural, chemical, and perhaps in the future, electrocution. Although weeds rarely compete with vines, they can host insect and vertebrate pests and get in the way of pruning crews, increasing labor costs. Listen in for John's number one tip to better manage weeds in your vineyard. Resources:         128: A New Focus on Weed Management (Rebroadcast) 26th IPM Seminar #1: Sustainable Weed Management for Vineyards and Vineyard Ponds Herbicide-resistant weeds challenge some signature cropping systems (Journal article) John Roncoroni MAINTAINING LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT: Herbicide-resistant weeds challenge some signature cropping systems Post-harvest Weed Control with Napa RCD and John Roncoroni (video) Sustainable Winegrowing On-Demand – Western SARE (online courses) University of California Integrated Pest Management Integrated Weed Management Vineyard Floor Management: Steel in the Field (video) Vineyard Team Programs: Juan Nevarez Memorial Scholarship - Donate SIP Certified – Show your care for the people and planet   Sustainable Ag Expo – The premiere winegrowing event of the year Sustainable Winegrowing On-Demand (Western SARE) – Learn at your own pace Vineyard Team – Become a Member Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.   Transcript Craig Macmillan  0:00  Our guest today is John Roncoroni. He is Weed Science Farm advisor emeritus with UC Cooperative Extension, UC Agriculture Natural Resources, and we're going to talk about cultural control of weeds in vineyards today. Thanks for being on the podcast, John.   John Roncoroni  0:13  Now you bet, Creg, thank you for having me.   Craig Macmillan  0:16  We met with we'll start with kind of a basic foundation, what would you say is the definition of cultural weed control? Maybe How does it differ from other forms of weed management?   John Roncoroni  0:25  cultural weed control as part of an integrated pest management program, you know, we have basically cultural mechanical, sometimes they're put together sometimes they're split, we have biological, which is much more important, I think, in insects than it is in weeds. Now, we talk about biological control of weeds just a little bit to show how it fits in with all this too, is that you know, when you see that rust growing on a malba, or cheese weed plant in California, people say, Well, maybe that can control and you can see sometimes it really weakens the weeds. But the one reason that doesn't work here very well as it does in other places is the same reason why we can grow such great grapes and make great wines in California is because it doesn't rain in the summertime, if it rained in the summertime, like it does. In many other areas, that moisture level would stay up and we probably have a better chance of controlling Malba. We do use biological control of weeds in more landscape like range land type at large areas, but really on any kind of agricultural situation where we're looking at control in one spot, it really doesn't work that well. Even with star thistle we be talking about people wanting to put our application of of weevils for start thistle. Well, they're out there, and they're on a larger scale. So that's biological, much more important in entomology than in Weed Science, a chemical control, obviously, the use of chemicals, either conventional or organic chemicals or control. And then we have mechemical or cultural you know, cultural weed control to me is using the utilizing the plants that are there or sheep in areas of the San Joaquin Valley that used to use ducks or geese to pull out Johnson grass rhizomes, yeah, we're utilizing sheep quite a bit more. Now. Of course, mechanical we're looking at when you look at something like a mower, right, a mower is mechanical and cultural because when you mow, you're leaving some plants. So you're mechanically mowing them down. But culturally, you're leaving plant where something like French flower, maybe a blade or or you know, one of the the weed knives are all the different moving wheels, maybe more considered mechanical.   Craig Macmillan  2:30  Let's talk about mechanical a little bit. There was a book I don't know if it's still in print. And it was a SARE book. And it was called steel in the field. And the author's thesis or premise or idea was if you drive around farm country, no matter what the crop is, there's always a graveyard of old implements, just parked just parked there, you know exactly what I'm talking about.   John Roncoroni  2:51  Oh, god. Yeah.   Craig Macmillan  2:54  And his his point was, all of those things were technologies that someone had come up with. And then the individual farmer, probably then made modifications to those for their site for their crop for their soil, then the herbicide era came on. And that wisdom was lost, basically. And the argument was, hey, maybe we can bring that that idea back. And I mean, this goes back to like the 80s, early 90s. It's happening, it's happened. What are some of your favorite technologies in terms of cultivation, mechanical weed control, and some of the limitations, some of the plants that works well with other situations where it doesn't? What's your experience been?   John Roncoroni  3:39  I love talking about that, Creg, is it you know, talking about using mechanical control, and then and then going into chemicals, and now going back, it's almost like I talked to people about chemical control itself. When I started, Roundup wasn't glyphosate was a new thing. And we used it very judiciously. And I tell people, it's almost like, I learned to drive with a stick shift. I had to learn all these other things. Well, after that people learned to drive automatics. Right, because they knew one way to do it. Well, now that we're back to using stick shift, it's a whole lot easier for me, because I remember now people have to read or write. It's, it's the same thing with the mechanical. And when I started a Davis, you know, in the early 80s, we probably first came to work in vineyards in Napa, close to Davis, about 85, 86. And at that point, there was a lot less drip irrigation, a lot more dry farming, and a lot more French plowed. One of the reasons was we didn't have drip irrigation. I mean, we all want deep roots, but you're going to have more shallow roots with drip irrigation. And that was one of the reasons we moved to chemicals away from this big pasture. We always had a blade, right something like to drop a name a Clemens blade, which we all know what that is. It just cuts. You know, one of the problems with that is if the soil is too moist, then it's going to cut and go right back. And there's been a lot of innovation. My colleague Marcela Moretti, a But Oregon State's done a lot of testing with different kinds of machines. You know, one of the things about mechanical or even like mowers is that so few growers have mowers?   Craig Macmillan  5:11  When you say mower? You mean an in row mower?   John Roncoroni  5:13  Yeah, I mean inrow mower. All right. And I'm sorry, I when I talk about weeds in vineyards, because I tell people I've made my whole career out of about three   Craig Macmillan  5:21  Three to six inches.   John Roncoroni  5:24  I have about a foot and a half. Right? Sometimes I'm up to four feet, right. So that's where my whole career is right there. And that we talk about when we talked about what we're doing in the middle is with cover cropping. That's a whole other podcast and probably, I mean, I've done cover crop work over the years with some large IPM grants. I did quite Elmore and some other things. Zalem and Jim McDonald Yeah, no, I'm talking about just under vine we're thinking. Yeah.   Craig Macmillan  5:53  All right we're under vine.   John Roncoroni  5:54  Talk about being a very specific expert - four feet. At the most.   Craig Macmillan  6:01  I got it. I get it.   John Roncoroni  6:02  You know, very few growers are using mowers we have the big bladed mowers and also we'll have a straight trimmer. I was trying to do some string trimmer work, but just using a little weed eater. My old friend, Mike Anderson, who was the superintendent or basically ran the oppo research station said that I could use a string trimmer in one of their vineyards over his dead body. And I was like, you don't want any girdling in those vines. So I know, there's been a lot of apprehension. There are some other kinds of mowers very, very, very few growers have mowers, from what I've just done some surveys, I've done one because you have to go back over and over and over, right? And then everything has been weighed against, well, we can just spray mowers or one, you know, there's several different and I can't remember all the trade names. But you know, there's some of the basic technology. Yes, there's some that do some stirring of the soils, you know, with blades that are perpendicular to the soil, right. So they're, they're stirring it, there's what we used to call and when I worked in bean weed control, Lilla stuns, which are wheels that turn sort of at a 45 degree angle to stir the soil. There's, you know, power driven machines, there's just ones that ride along and there's blades, there's, you know, there are so many, and it really depends on the kind of soil you have, you know, our rocky is sometimes the place where we put grapes are not a place where you could put tomatoes, right in times, shallow soil, hillsides, kind of cultivation, can you can you do cultivation? Can you do light cultivation without getting you know, soil movement? Can you even do it? Is it allowed by, you know, some rules about land use in those areas. So, there's a lot of things that go into mechanical and again, from my perspective, the weeds you have.   Craig Macmillan  7:54  I like this point here, because I think put to put things into kind of a general sense to guide things. We have blades that basically cut just below the surface. So that's cutting off the top of the plant from the bottom of it for certain kinds of plants that will kill it or control it. Then we have things like a French plow, which is a burying it's a true plow. Yeah, it's flipping soil, picking it up and flip flopping it over. Then we have the sturer. So you mentioned that little stun the central lines and other example, sun flowers. That's what they do. Yeah. Yeah. Things like that. My missing one.   John Roncoroni  8:26  mowers.   Craig Macmillan  8:27  mowers, okay. Yeah.   John Roncoroni  8:29  So that, you know, then there are a lot of variations on those combinations. It just amazing for me, and I follow a few of the manufacturers and get to see like on Twitter X, whatever, to see the videos that they're posting on LinkedIn. You know, it's just amazing to me what they're doing and the innovation that's going into those. One of the things that my again my colleague Marcel HomeReady, up at Dr. Moretti up at Oregon State talks about making sure your tractor is big enough for some of these, you know, hydraulic using, right, but one of the things we always used to talk about was, you know, the use of gas well, I know there's a lot more use and we're moving more into electric tractors, and those sorts of things. But when it comes to mechanical, really doing a good job of mechanical weed control with those some of those, you're going to have to have electric or gas you're going to have to have a big tractor. They're not going to be like a you know, a little ATV with a nifty 50 sprayer spraying herbicides right you're gonna need some hefty equipment in a lot of them not always.   Craig Macmillan  9:33  Let's start with weed knife. That's a very popular technology you see it oh yeah all over the place. What are the kinds of weeds that that's good for controlling and under what conditions it doesn't work well and under what kind of conditions does it not work well?   John Roncoroni  9:47  And I don't know the areas and passive as well as I know Napa I was brought a while but I would tell the growers you know, using a weed knife in Carneros you have about four days from when the soil goes from being too wet to being too dry. I have heavy clay soils, it holds moisture and it just. Yeah, exactly. And I'm sure there are areas like that, you know, and it can't, you can successfully cultivate down there, but it's tough, you need the timing, it's so important. If you're going to wet that soil just goes right back with that blade, right you cut through and the roots are able to tell back in, you know, if it's too dry, it's really going to be a rough ride. Because you're not going to go too deep, it's going to work well on some smaller annual weeds, which, you know, a lot of our weeds are, you know, some of the grasses with their net have a root ball sometimes are harder than just a small annual broadleaf plant, you know, you're going to have some problems, especially with something like malware, cheese weed that that grow very large. And depending on when you doing it something like cheese weed is and rye grass and Fillory, while I mentioned them are the first weeds to germinate in the fall. So by the time you get in a little bit later, they may be too big to really do a very good job on.   Craig Macmillan  10:59  Are their soils where we die for it's particularly well?   John Roncoroni  11:03  I would say you know, in less than heavy clay soil and not complete sand, a sandy loam soil, I think that holds some moisture, you know, it was able to get in anything, I think it's not a complete stand or a real heavy clay, they do a nice job, but the weeds can't be too big. And again, it's that timing and you know, with vineyards, it seems to think everything happens at once right time when you may be in having to do some sort of insect spray or mold spray, the same time you should be out there cultivating so just and it takes a while to do a good cultivation job.   Craig Macmillan  11:35  The speed that you're rolling is really important. You want to be slower ride faster.   John Roncoroni  11:40  Well, and Dr. Moretti has done this work there is an optimum speed. If you go too slow, then you really don't do a good job of cutting. If you go too fast, you miss some. And maybe this is where some of the electric AI technology can help. You don't want to cut the vines. Right, so you have this pull away, that keeps the weeds, the weeds will go right next to the vines, which you know can be a problem. We'll be talking about other situations with little vertebrate pets.   Craig Macmillan  12:06  I'm kind of getting astray here a little bit, but I No, no, but I think this is an important question. So choosing what I do and how I do it, we go back to the other technologies, Why care about weeds? Right? Why care about you know, I had I had a vineyard once that had been an oak field. And it was direct planted own rooted sprinkler system that was planted in 1976 I got the vineyard 1993 out of heavy clay soil, and I would irrigate with sprinklers twice a summer, and that oak grass would grow up into the fruit zone up into the canopy. But it would dry out. And it completely choked out everything else I had, I had no other real issues. And we would mow the middles. And I remember people going oh my god, you got all this issue, you need decent herbicide, you think grass out of the middle because the grass is gonna. And like these vines were super vigorous. They were tons of crop. I mean, I had to crop thinner. And so I started asking myself, well, how much competition? Is this really doing? Are there particular weeds that we should see? And you're like, wow, that's gonna be a competitor for water, nutrients and others where we go, No, I don't really want it there. But I'm probably not going to dig my vines.   John Roncoroni  13:13  So Craig, this is the eternal question when it comes to this. And it really depends on where you grow your grapes, right? If your goal is to get 25 tons of grapes, if you're somewhere near Bakersfield won't offend anybody, but they're looking more for tonnage. Right. And I've gotten a lot of flack for using our premium grape situations, we're not always looking for maximum tonnage. Right. And I don't know that the problem with weeds and if you hear me speak about weeds, I rarely have ever talked about direct competition between weeds and grape vines. Now, there are some exceptions, you know, when we were looking at that balance between irrigation and getting the deficit, irrigation, right, getting those maximum flavors into those grapes. So we may be right and a little low with our water in August or September, near the end. And we see that especially, I don't know so much about about I know, part of the areas where we are with the vineyard team there that they gave, we can get these howling north winds, right? Right. And you can in a very short time, you can turn some very great, expensive grapes into really great expensive raisins, right, getting that water in at that time of year. So having any kind of like flu Velen, which is really just covers the whole area of Napa and Sonoma. I know it's moving around some other areas. But you know, people say well, how much water does it use? And my old friend Rhonda Smith used always asked me well, how much water is it used? I go, we don't have crop coefficients for all the crops. It's hard to know which you know which weeds grow, how much water they use. And then the other thing too, is that if we're looking for consistency in a vineyard, and only half the vineyard is covered with that weeds where we're gonna put two too much water in one area and not enough in the other. Isn't that different? So it's competition for that sort of thing. And of course, young vines, right when we have young vines with big weeds and that that oak grass that you had, if you had young vines, you probably wouldn't have to be worried about being a grape grower very long, right?   Craig Macmillan  15:17  You have seen that young, really healthy barley cover crop?   John Roncoroni  15:21  Oh, yeah, it's it's tough for first three years. But like talking about establishments, it's really important, no matter what you do to keep the grapes sort of weed, not weed free, but really keeping the competition down. And then late in the summertime, but the rest of the time. It's other things that I've talked about these, it's one of those things where you ask people, you know, raise their hand if they have this problem. It's 50%. Yes. 50%. No. And that's voles. And I tell people, I thought that when I was in Napa, I think 30% of the growers do weed control strictly for vole protection. Because those nasty little marmots can they can girdle a grape. And I know one vineyard and Carneros they couldn't get in and do some work. Someone told me that one year they lost one in five vines. Wow. And they're not coming back. Right? That's, that's bad. Yeah. So you know, it can be a problem. We found this when we were working with mow and blow technology years ago, looking at cutting cover crop and throwing it on the vine. The Weed control was fantastic. But in my whole time, working in vines from 1985. And, you know, until today, I've never been in a vineyard, except in this trial, where I saw voles running between the rose in the middle of the day. Right, they were just happy there was so many they kind of had to get out just to get a breath of fresh air, they use those tunnels, you know, just runway so that they were protected from that, you know, the birds of prey, which you know, can help. And I people always ask about that. But again, we have that pest and prey cycle that the voles may come in and do a lot of damage, before they get a chance to be taken. And then it depends on what your neighbors doing and how effected the birds are. This is a question that I our new vertebrate pest person, Brianna Martineco in Napa who she took my office, not my place, right. So we we about a weed scientist. And one of the questions I've asked is, you know, how much of an area around the vines? Do we have to keep clean, so that the birds have a chance and the voles stay scared? You know, that's kind of question, you know, especially as an emeritus, you can ask these questions. And, you know, let the new people answer them. You know, the other thing and I've talked about this is in a rare occasion, you know, one of the things that we do you see people, anytime I'm out in the field later in the season, I talked to a grape grower, while we're out there, they're pulling those leaves off so they can get more air movement. Well, if you get some tall weeds like that, you know, the oak grass that was growing, you know, are you going to have restricted air movement? Are you going to have higher moisture content? Is that going to increase your pathogen pressure it can, doesn't always happen. The other thing too is having, you know, high grass can cause in frost prone areas, you know, if you're not getting that radiation from clean soil, and that's in the middle, not so much under the vines, you know, we can have that and sometimes on young vines near the vine itself, getting that reradiation, but again, you know, as I like to tell people, you're not going to have all these situations, and it's not going to be every year, you know, some years you're doing things you may not need to have weed control that year, but you don't know until after that year, you know, and now and I'm not I'm not a pathologist, I'm not an enthramologist, I'm not a viticulturalist I'm a weed scientist. But you know, there's been some indications that some weeds that are growing and some of the we plant and some of that we don't are having a, you know, an increase in pathogen plant pathogens that are moved by certain insects. tikka pirate likes legumes Well, you know, especially in some of our low nitrogen situations, plants that produce their own nitrogen, like Bird Clover really tend to like that situation because they have a, they have a built in advantage by making their own nitrogen. So we can in some vineyards, we can see a high population of bird clover, which may or may not cause an increase in tikka, which could cause an increase in red blotch. So, you know, when you think of weeds just specifically for competition, like when I talked to master gardeners, I say, you know, if you're growing carrot, you know why you do weed control because you want a carrot. But when it comes to a mature, you know, a 10 year old vineyard, really hard to see that weeds are going to compete on an everyday basis like they would with an annual crop, but there are other reasons why we do it. Ease of harvest, and I talked about, you know, in talking with some pruning crews, right, you know, if you have weeds growing in when you're pruning, and I tell people, if you have an area that takes an hour for let's clean, takes a pruning crew an hour to prune, if there's a bunch of weeds that they have to move around and get around, and it takes them an hour and a half. So your labor costs have gone up 50% Yeah, these are the kinds of things that as a weed scientist, I think about I tell people I really want to know two things. And when we're when we're taping this, it's the right time of year. I only know weeds in college. Basketball. So these are the only things I really know. So, you know, and I've had other I've had, you know, some people sit down and say I should have known that you have to worry about, you know, disease pressure, and getting labor contractors. And I just think about weeds.   Craig Macmillan  20:16  And let's go back to another technology that we touched on snow plows, French plow, that's a very old technology. And, you know, we just mentioned that what a plow does is it turns the soil over, so it buries the weed plants, especially when you get into the right time, what conditions are appropriate for using a French plow? What conditions maybe it's not gonna work so great.   John Roncoroni  20:41  French plow, I mean, you know, the USDA says that, you know, doing something like that the soil is never good, and you're going to mess up the microbes, especially if you're working on that lower area. But as far as just from a weed perspective, if you're dry farming, a French blot works fantastic, right? You're not looking for, in fact, you're trying to discourage as many roots at the top as you can. So doing using a French plow when you're dry farming, it's fantastic. We don't have you know, a lot of dry farms where we are looking at trying to have more consistent harvest and looking at consistent income, where you know, dry farming were at, at the will of the of the weather, that's another talk for another day with people who are doing marketing and know viticulture are better than I do. But see, I've seen more French plows as people have gone back to mechanical in the last few years, and I have in the past think there's a lot more viable options, when you're actually looking at doing some drip irrigation, then they're just by number a lot more viable options. Just by new having new machines coming out then the French plow but I was a dry farmer, my weed control would be French plow under the vines and disk in the middle because everything's you know, maybe having a little cover crop to get more penetration. But, you know, the farther north I lived, the more water penetration I would have. So I'd get more rain.   Craig Macmillan  22:00  So let's talk about drip irrigated vineyards. And you mentioned there's a suite of technologies, some are new, some are old, what are some of those technologies that have worked well in a drip irrigated vineyard?   John Roncoroni  22:12  When I got to Napa in 2007, sustainable at that point meant post emergent only and for those kind of funny now is roundup on the right no preemergent no cultivation and we were drip irrigating, we were keeping those roots at the top so we can drip irrigate. So that's where a lot of that came from. Now, you know, using something like a blade using a little Dustin with those moving things, anything that's sort of like you don't want routine, right? Again, I don't I'm not a vitaculturalist. But roots at the very top are not great, right, you're not probably irrigating correctly, if you're getting a lot of roots at the top, but you don't want to get too deep, where you're getting some of those main roots with cultivation. You know, that's one of the reasons that we do have drip irrigation. At that level. You know, I've talked to people who weren't using cultivation and ask them why their drip irrigation lines weren't closer to the soil so they're gonna have less evaporation. One of the things that we get into with grape growing or anything is that you do things because you've always done them that way, we are cultivating that we do need to keep that drip irrigation at at a higher at a high level. But I think any of those anything that's not just completely disrupting the soil. One of the things that I would like to see with with mechanical like a blade is using some electric eye, AI technologies to get closer to the vines. But right now we have to really, you know, it's all mechanical, right? If we can have these machines down in Salinas, that are taking weeds out from in between lettuce, we don't have to be nearly that technological, to get weeds right around the vine without hurting them. And we have a little bit more leeway with the vine than we do with lettuce. Even though you lose a lettuce plant here or there. You're okay. You don't want to lose too many vines. You know, I think that that's where one of the reasons that we could use more technology. One of the things again, my doctor Moretti up at Oregon State and also lenses masky. Back in Cornell, who they were both at Davis at the same time, Lynn as a postdoc, and, and Marcelo as a as a graduate student, they're working with electrocution of weeds, I think it's what they call it. And it's not just burning them off, like you would use electric light with a flamer. It actually sends electricity down into the roots. So it's, he's working on it mostly in blueberries. But the technology I just I saw his presentation at the Western society Weed Science meeting just a couple of weeks ago in Denver. It's an interesting technology. If you're like having a transformer on the back of your tractor. It's pretty cool.   Craig Macmillan  24:35  There's a there's a lot of potential here in the future for improving what we're doing now.   John Roncoroni  24:40  Oh, yeah. And I don't know how like electric is going to fit into this. But and this is the problem. We ran into herbicides. Anytime you use one technology over and over and over and over and over, you're going to choose for weeds. If you constantly mow under the vines or anywhere, right without some soil disturbance or application of herbicide, something Like Melva, low growing weeds, they'll adapt, right nature will find a way. So the biggest thing we have to do is whatever we do just don't do it all the time. That it's the right message. One of the things that I think we want to talk about was under vine cover crop. It is something for me, I've been trying to push under vine cover cropping for so long. And the problem is, is that because the seeds are expensive, I tell people that one of the one of the plants that I pushed, just because I liked the way it worked, and what I've seen is Zorro fescue. That's a brand name, it's it's rat tail fescue, you see it growing as a weed a lot of places, one of the things I like about it is that about the time we start irrigating, it's dead, it's the nest, and you can discover you can turn it over, because once it's gone to seed, you can mow it all those things. It's a it's a self receding cover crop problem is that because the seeds are fairly expensive, we planted at about eight to 10 pounds per acre and sometimes mixed with Blendo broam, which grows a little higher and stays a little greener longer than I like, because it can be some competition for water. But that's oftentimes keeps it down. But the problem is, is that first of all, how do we get it on the vines, I find people putting it out by hand, because we haven't adapted for the cedar under the vine. Second of all, it starts to reseed itself at a fairly high rate, sometimes 50 or 100 pounds the next year and the third year. So I tell people, if you can't give me three years to make it look good, then let's not start because oftentimes, you know, we started and it looks like it's not doing a very good job the first year, and it doesn't look very good. And some people who don't ask people who make decisions about vineyards who maybe work other places, then the vineyard don't like the way it looks. Right? Right, and we move to something else and they end up spraying it out or cultivating it out.   Craig Macmillan  26:55  Then this is an example of modifying the environment to address this problem and modifications to the environment take time.   Speaker 1  27:03   And this is what intrigues me about regenerative agriculture. I know this is a whole nother subject for someone who probably but as a we, as a plant biologist, and ecologist, you know, actually choosing plants that we want to be there without causing problems. Again, the voles, the legumes with maybe some other virus problems can be, but I think choosing these plants is going to be so important. But you know, it's interesting, I had someone call me and they wanted to start using regenerative agriculture. And I told them, you know, your first three years are going to be really hard I go, you have to choose the right plants, you're going to probably maybe even have some reduced yields. And they said, Well, why John, because my friend has been doing it 25 years, and he's doing great, because his soil knows what to do. So anytime we make that transition and transitioning to this under vine cover cropping. And there has been places in the past where we've tried to use a listen. But listen, because of insects and some other things. The problem with alyssum is after about three or four years, it gets to be about four feet thick. It's one of these things, it's good for a while, but after it kind of takes over, it can cause some holding in moisture and doing some other things. I mean, some people again, depending on how fertile your soil is, you know, some places it may not be a problem, but we have to look at it on a vineyard by vineyard scale. And that's been the thing about herbicides is you don't have to think about the basically the vineyard by vineyard,   Craig Macmillan  28:24  We're basically at a time but don't ask your boys. Is there one particular thing that you would say to grape growers on this topic of let's just say mechanical?   John Roncoroni  28:34  On the whole subject of weeds, Craig, I just want to say that they need to know their weeds better. Right? I know it sounds like I always have a chip on my shoulder. And now that we have to right thing about glyphosate is they really didn't have to think about didn't have to think about their weeds. So there's there's two things I want to know we're almost out of time, but we are out of time. But there's two things I want to say about this real quickly. And I know it's mechanical, but those people who are still using chemicals, they could do a better job. Right new nozzle shielding timing, think more about put as much time and effort into thinking about the weeds as you do about insects and pathogens. Know your plants. Don't just say I'm going to do this. It doesn't matter what the weeds are, know your weeds, know their biology. Know the timing, no matter what kind of control you're doing. And then once you do, get the best tool, like if you are still spraying in certain situations in certain vineyards, use new drip reducing nozzles, use shielded sprayers when you do mechanical, you know, don't just get that old thing that like you said, that's been sitting out in the back, right? Look at the kind of machine that you want to use what we do have, I think when it comes to weed control, the whole industry could do a much better job. Okay, one of the things that I put a slide up one time and I said look, I understand pathogens first and then insects, and then weeds and someone got up and corrected me and they said John, that's wrong. I said Oh really? They go? Yeah, it's pathogens, insects, fertilizers and weeds. Right so weeds and when it comes to weeds being third weeds are not just third weeds or a distant third. They only think for me about all the cons Diversity that's happened is that people have to think about weeds again, they have to go back to knowing what we knew before that before they all started using chemicals.   Craig Macmillan  30:07  So that makes a lot of sense. Yeah. Our guest today has been John Ron crony. He is Weed Science firm advisor emeritus with UC Cooperative Extension, UC Agriculture Natural Resources. I followed you from afar for a long time. And I'm very excited to get you on the podcast. This has been a great conversation. Yeah, there's so much more to talk about, and I'm sure that we will, we will reconvene at some point.   Nearly perfect transcription by https://otter.ai