Podcasts about current account

In this emergency episode of Current Account, Clay continues the discussion on tariffs with Chris Padilla from the Brunswick Group after the U.S. Supreme Court on Friday, February 20, ruled that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) does not provide authority for the president to unilaterally impose tariffs. While much is unknown, the Court made one thing clear: major trade actions require clear legal grounding and a durable policy framework. The episode contains a special web session recorded on Monday, February 23, where Clay is joined by Chris to analyze why the decision is a meaningful marker for markets, trading partners, and corporations and follows up on on Episode 134, where they discuss a variety of United States trade and policy topics including the possible ruling against the use of IEEPA.  The full video session can be found for IIF members here. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Nathan Sheets, Global Chief Economist at Citi and former U.S. Undersecretary of the Treasury for International Affairs, to explore Japan's shifting economic landscape following a historic political moment.* Just over 100 days into her term, Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi called a snap election that delivered a rare supermajority for the Liberal Democratic Party. With such a decisive mandate, Japan enters 2026 with renewed political strength and major policy opportunities. Together, they discuss what Prime Minister Takaichi's victory means for economic policymaking, how the U.S.-Japan alliance is shaping the outlook, and the growing debate around possible U.S. intervention in the yen. Nathan offers insight into why intervention is being discussed now, what it would aim to accomplish, and whether it is truly likely given recent messaging from Washington. The conversation also examines the broader dollar debate, Japan's uniquely high debt levels, and the pressures facing both the U.S. and Japanese economies. Clay and Nathan conclude with a look at geopolitics, specifically the delicate triumvirate relationship between the U.S., Japan and China, and how this balance could impact the global economy in the year ahead. *Before jumping into Japan, Clay acknowledges the U.S. Supreme Court's decision striking down the administration's use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose sweeping global tariffs. For more on IEEPA and its implications, check out Current Account episodes [134](https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6450/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-134--The-Best-of-Times-and-the-Worst-of-Times--A-Tale-of-Trump-s-Tariffs "https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6450/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-134--The-Best-of-Times-and-the-Worst-of-Times--A-Tale-of-Trump-s-Tariffs"), [126](https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6360/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-126--Stop--In-the-Name-of-Tariffs---The-Supremes--Court----IEEPA "https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6360/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-126--Stop--In-the-Name-of-Tariffs---The-Supremes--Court----IEEPA"), [109](https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6166/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-109--An-Eye-for-an-IEEPA--Trump-Tariffs---Where-Are-They-Now- "https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6166/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-109--An-Eye-for-an-IEEPA--Trump-Tariffs---Where-Are-They-Now-"), and [96](https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6026/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-96--Tariff-o-Rama--Explaining-U-S--Tariff-Implications "https://www.iif.com/Publications/ID/6026/Current-Account-with-Clay-Lowery---Episode-96--Tariff-o-Rama--Explaining-U-S--Tariff-Implications"). This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Chris Padilla, Senior Advisor at Brunswick Group and former U.S. Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade, to revisit U.S. trade policy. After a turbulent 2025 marked by sweeping tariffs, new negotiation frameworks, and significant legal uncertainty, trade may feel quieter entering 2026, but remains a central priority for the Trump administration. Drawing on his years of government and corporate experience, Chris offers perspective on the issues likely to dominate trade policy this year, from the durability of recent agreements with China, the EU, Japan, and Korea to the broader geopolitical shifts driven by tariff realignments and new partnerships. The conversation also covers the ongoing U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) review, an area of heightened uncertainty as political tensions rise among member countries. Clay and Chris discuss how the process could unfold, whether renewal or restructuring is more realistic, and what the implications may be for North American supply chains. They also examine the pending Supreme Court decision on the Trump administration's use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose tariffs - an outcome with major consequences for U.S. trade strategy. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

Kia ora.Welcome to Monday's Economy Watch where we follow the economic events and trends that affect Aotearoa/New Zealand.I'm David Chaston and this is the international edition from Interest.co.nz.Today we lead with news the modest US inflation rate reported for January is fueling a disconnect and scepticism in US households.But first, this is a week where we will get the next RBNZ OCR review on Wednesday, important because it is Governor Brennan's first. And she will get her first inkling of January inflation impulses on Tuesday, and may have the January REINZ data later today. And she will likely know how the bank's consumer and business surveys are tracking, especially on inflation expectations.In Australia, the key data will come on Thursday with their January labour force updates. And the RBA will release the minutes of it February 4 meeting on Tuesday, always a potential market-moving event.The US Fed will also release its minutes this week. And we will get the advance estimate of Q4-2025 US GDP, as well as the Fed's [referred inflation gauge, the PCE. Canada will chime in with its own key releases.In China, markets will be closed for the week-long Lunar New Year holiday from February 16 to 23, although January foreign direct investment data is still expected to be released. Elsewhere, trade figures are due from Singapore, Malaysia, and New Zealand, while Malaysia will also publish inflation data.Over the weekend, China reported that that price deflation in their housing market picked up in January for a third straight month at a faster pace, overall down -3.1% from a year ago. In January, the year-on-year sales price of existing homes in first-tier cities fell by -7.6%. Specifically, prices in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen falling by -8.7%, -6.8%, -8.3%, and 6.5% respectively. In second- and third-tier cities, the year-on-year sales prices of existing homes fell by -6.2% and -6.1%. Prices for new-built houses fell too, but only by -2.1%.Staying in China, and as expected, the normal January surge in new yuan lending by banks occurred again this year, but by less than expected and by a -8.2% lower level than for 2025, -4.3% lower than for January 2024. And it was -5.8% lower than what was expected. It is a soft result and is typically followed by a sharply lower level of lending in February during the Spring Festival/CNY period. 2026 is off to a languid start for them.Meanwhile, China's export economy is still functioning at full speed. Their current account surplus widened to an unprecedented US$242 bln in Q4-2025, sharply higher than the US$164 bln recorded a year earlier.India also released bank loan data overnight, and their firms are borrowing up big. In fact, it was up +14.6% in January from a year ago, the strongest surge in a year.Malaysia reported that its economic activity rose +6.3% in Q4 2025 from a year ago, revised up from an initial 5.7% and accelerating from 5.4% growth in Q3. This was their sharpest expansion since Q4-2022, with broad gains in agriculture, driven by oil palm output (+16, manufacturing, and services.On Saturday in the US CPI inflation came in at 2.4% for the year to January, slightly below the expected 2.5%. Core inflation came in at the expected 2.5%. This result was all due to lower petrol prices and falling used car prices. However, food was up +2.9%, and rents were up +3.0%. Electricity prices were up +6.3% (thank you, AI) and home gas was up +9.8%. It will be hard for households to feel inflation is under control.And key will be how the US Fed will interpret this data when setting their policy rates at their next meeting on March 19, 20206 (NZT). Markets currently expect a hold, and at least until the middle of the year.And one reason food prices seem higher there than the official data is that US beef cattle herd is now at its lowest in 75 years. This helps explain why US imports are soaring, and prices are high & rising.And don't forget, it is a long holiday weekend in the US for Washington's Birthday/President's Day. US-based activity will be low tomorrow and that will show up in our financial markets.The UST 10yr yield is still just under 4.06%, little-changed from Saturday but it is down -15 bps from this time last week.The price of gold will start today up +US$21 from Saturday at US$5041/oz. Silver is down -50 USc at US$77.50/oz today.American oil prices are little-changed at just under US$63/bbl, while the international Brent price is still under US$68/bbl.The Kiwi dollar is little-changed against the USD from Saturday, now just on 60.4 USc and down -10 bps. Against the Aussie we are unchanged at 85.4 AUc. We are down marginally again against the yen. Against the euro we are unchanged at 50.9 euro cents. That all means our TWI-5 starts today little-changed, now at 63.8 and down -10 bps from Saturday.The bitcoin price starts today at US$68,565 and down -0.8% from this time Saturday. Volatility over the past 24 hours has been modeST at just under +/- 1.5%.You can get more news affecting the economy in New Zealand from interest.co.nz.Kia ora. I'm David Chaston and we'll do this again tomorrow.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by two IIF colleagues, Marcello Estevão, Managing Director and Chief Economist, and Gene Ma, Head of China Research and Chief Representative for the Asia-Pacific region, to take a closer look at China's evolving role in the global economy at a time when growth is no longer the country's top priority. Long viewed as the engine of global expansion, China is now emphasizing domestic stability, reshaping trade patterns and global economic dynamics in the process. Drawing on recent travel across the region and insights from the IIF China Economic Forum, they discuss how policymakers and market participants are interpreting China's shift away from growth-driven stimulus toward a more measured approach. The conversation explores the drivers behind China's record trade surplus, including the role of weak imports alongside steady exports, ongoing challenges in the housing sector, rising household savings, and persistent deflationary pressures. Clay, Marcello, and Gene also examine how China's increasing focus on trade with emerging markets—and reduced engagement with advanced economies—is reshaping global trade flows. The episode concludes with a forward-looking discussion on what really matters for understanding China in 2026, and why the key question may no longer be how fast China grows, but how its new economic posture affects the rest of the world. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay sits down with Hannah Anderson, Senior Policy Advisor in the IIF's Digital Finance department, to discuss how digital payments, tokenization, and emerging stablecoin frameworks are shaping global financial innovation in early 2026. Clay and Hannah explore why digital payments and tokenization have transitioned from experimental concepts to core priorities for both the official and private sectors. They examine the surge in tokenization initiatives—particularly in Asia—where public–private pilots are expanding rapidly and jurisdictions are working to establish the regulatory infrastructure needed to scale digital asset markets. The conversation also looks at the growing momentum behind stablecoin development, what these launches could mean for global payments, how they might interact with existing dollar‑backed stablecoins, and what financial institutions should watch as regulatory clarity evolves. Finally, they consider the broader implications for cross‑border payments, including opportunities to modernize settlement systems, improve efficiency, and support interoperability as tokenized and digital payment rails mature. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Christian Mumenthaler, former CEO of Swiss Re and current chair of the UBS Center for Economics in Society, to examine Europe's economic competitiveness at a pivotal moment for the global economy. Recorded live from Zurich, Switzerland, the episode situates Europe's outlook amid intensifying geopolitical pressures, regulatory debates, and shifting transatlantic dynamics. Drawing on his experience leading a global financial institution, Christian offers his assessment of Europe's competitive position following the release of the Draghi report and weighs in on whether concerns about stalled innovation and productivity are overstated. The conversation explores how Europe's financial regulatory and supervisory framework affects growth, whether the continent can balance increased defense spending with ambitions in digital innovation and the green transition, covers some common themes or myths around Europe and its progress, and how Europe should approach its economic relationships with the United States and China as fragmentation deepens. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Tim Adams, President and CEO of the IIF, to kick off the new year with a forward-looking discussion on the forces set to shape global finance in 2026 as financial leaders prepare for the IIF's annual board meetings and convene in Davos. Drawing on Tim's extensive global engagement with policymakers and industry leaders, the conversation explores the macro forces most likely to matter in the year ahead, from geoeconomic risk and innovation to growth opportunities and overlooked vulnerabilities. Clay and Tim also discuss the regulatory themes expected to shape strategy in 2026, including how financial institutions can navigate fragmentation in trade, sanctions, and industrial policy without overreacting. The episode concludes with practical guidance for financial services leaders planning for the year ahead, as well as a look at what to expect from on-the-ground conversations at Davos and how increased U.S. engagement could influence the broader World Economic Forum agenda. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Eric Farnsworth, Partner at Continental Strategy and a veteran of U.S. government and international policy circles, to examine one of the most dramatic geopolitical developments in recent years: the U.S. military's capture of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro and his wife on January 3. This unprecedented move has thrown Venezuela into political uncertainty and raised critical questions about the country's future. Together, Clay and Eric discuss the objectives behind the U.S. action, who is now in charge in Venezuela, and what this means for governance and stability. The conversation also explores Venezuela's economic collapse, the state of its oil sector, and whether lifting sanctions could reopen the door for investors and financial services firms. Finally, the episode looks ahead to what might come next for Venezuela, from potential regime change to the challenges of rebuilding infrastructure and restoring economic capacity. For more from the IIF on Venezuela, read our recent publication here: LatAm Views: Venezuela's Transition — Early Signals and Market Implications. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

Send us a text"RAISE CAPITAL LIKE A LEGEND: https://go.fundraisecapital.co/frc2-apply"DOWNLOAD "The Dollar Empire Private Markets Playbook"https://go.fundraisecapital.co/dollar-empire-playbookThe financial world is fixated on the wrong metrics. While the media screams about US debt and the trade deficit, these perceived weaknesses are actually the hidden engines driving trillions of dollars directly into private equity, private credit, and venture capital. This is not theory—it's accounting.In this deep-dive masterclass on global macro strategy and private market investing, Ryan Miller rips the curtain back on the Balance of Payments (BOP)—the true master ledger of global power. If you are a fund manager or deal syndicator, you need to know exactly how the Current Account deficit forces foreign capital to buy your deals. The world isn't collapsing; it's buying American assets, and your fund is the mechanism.Subscribe on YouTube:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTOe79EXLDsROQ0z3YLnu1QQConnect with Ryan Miller:Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rcmiller1/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/makingbillionspodcast/X: https://x.com/_MakingBillionsWebsite: Pure Tested Peptides - GLP-3, BPC 157, CJC-1295, ipamorelin, ss-31, epithalon, SLU-pp-332 99% pure research peptides for longevity muscle and metabolic healthSupport the showDISCLAIMER: The information in every podcast episode “episode” is provided for general informational purposes only and may not reflect the current law in your jurisdiction. By listening or viewing our episodes, you understand that no information contained in the episodes should be construed as legal or financial advice from the individual author, hosts, or guests, nor is it intended to be a substitute for legal, financial, or tax counsel on any subject matter. No listener of the episodes should act or refrain from acting on the basis of any information included in, or accessible through, the episodes without seeking the appropriate legal or other professional advice on the particular facts and circumstances at issue from a lawyer, finance, tax, or other licensed person in the recipient's state, country, or other appropriate licensing jurisdiction. No part of the show, its guests, host, content, or otherwise should be considered a solicitation for investment in any way. All views expressed in any way by guests are their own opinions and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the show or its host(s). The host and/or its guests may own some of the assets discussed in this or other episodes, including compensation for advertisements, sponsorships, and/or endorsements. This show is for entertainment purposes only and should not be used as financial, tax, legal, or any advice whatsoever.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by two leading voices in the insurance sector, Jérôme Haegeli, Swiss Re Group Chief Economist and Head of Swiss Re Institute, and Philippe Brahin, IIF Director of Insurance and NBFI Regulation and Policy, to explore how economic uncertainty, regulatory changes, and shifting risk landscapes are reshaping global insurance markets. Together, they discuss the forces driving change in the industry, from trade tensions and technological disruption to rising natural catastrophe exposures. The conversation highlights how insurers are responding to these pressures, the strategies they are pursuing to close protection gaps, and the initiatives underway to strengthen investment capabilities. They also talk through the recent announcement by Treasury about the future of the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) and what it means for insurance broadly. The episode then looks ahead to 2026 and beyond, when global insurance premium growth is expected to slow to an average of 2.3 percent in real terms, slightly below the pace of the past five years. Clay and his guests consider what insurers must do to maintain resilience and profitability in a more challenging environment. For more on insurance markets, find here Swiss Re's report: Shifting sands: Global economic and insurance market outlook.[](https://www.swissre.com/institute/research/sigma-research/sigma-2025-05-global-economic-insurance-outlook-shifting-sands.html "https://www.swissre.com/institute/research/sigma-research/sigma-2025-05-global-economic-insurance-outlook-shifting-sands.html") Current Account programming will return in January 2026. -- This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Sonja Gibbs, IIF's Managing Director of Global Policy Initiatives and Head of Sustainable Finance, to discuss the latest developments in global debt as the year comes to a close. Clay and Sonja examine what the rise of global debt, now standing at a total of nearly $346 trillion, means for financial markets and private sector firms and explore the factors driving this increase - particularly the concentration of debt in the government sector, with China and the United States leading the way. The conversation also looks at corporate debt, which is approaching $100 trillion, and considers the implications of record-high issuance by high-yield borrowers. Finally, the episode looks ahead to 2026, discussing which trends are likely to continue and what new dynamics could shape debt markets in the coming year. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of the Current Account Podcast, host Piyush Shukla talks with Abizer Diwanji , founder at Neostrat Advisors about the RBI's latest policy changes, including M&A financing, ECL implementation, and banking sector consolidation. They discuss how these moves impact Indian banks, corporate growth, and risk management, providing insights into the future of India's financial landscape.  Diwanji also talks about the RBI's proposed ECL norms, corporate governance at banks and consolidation in Indian banking sector.  Diwanji goes on to explain how banks will need to adjust their strategies, build capacity for new financing models, and improve governance to handle larger-scale operations. The conversation highlights the potential for larger, more efficient banks and the role of domestic and foreign capital in shaping India's economy.  Indian banks are opening up to M&A financing for the first time, recognizing that industry consolidation will create larger corporations, driving significant financing needs, with private equity likely to rely more on onshore funds than offshore, says Abizer Diwanji , founder at Neostrat Advisors. (Host: Piyush Shukla,  producer: Prethicshaa Gurumoorthy)

In this episode of Current Account, Clay provides an update on the Supreme Court case challenging President Trump's use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to justify sweeping tariffs. Clay explains how the administration relied on IEEPA to impose tariffs on nearly all imported goods, including a 10 percent baseline tariff on all countries - with targeted measures on Mexico, Canada, China, and Brazil. He reviews the legal arguments presented before the Supreme Court, including whether these tariffs constitute taxation or fall under the President's emergency authority to regulate imports. The episode also explores what could happen if the Court rules against the administration. Potential outcomes include a massive refund process for more than $89 billion in tariff revenue, a shift toward sector-specific tariffs under Section 232 and possible use of alternative statutes such as Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 or Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930. Clay considers the political and economic implications of these scenarios and why this decision could reshape U.S. trade policy. For more on IEEPA, check out Episode #109: An Eye for an IEEPA: Trump Tariffs - Where Are They Now? This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Ashok Bhundia, IIF Deputy Chief Economist and Head of Asia Macroeconomic Research, to discuss Asia's global economic and geopolitical trends. The conversation focuses on how Asian economies are responding to evolving U.S.–China trade negotiations and strategic competition. Clay and Ashok explore the increasing importance of digital finance in shaping regional priorities, as well as the surge in investment and innovation in artificial intelligence and stablecoins. They also consider which countries are best positioned to benefit from the AI boom amid intensifying technology rivalry. The episode addresses currency trends and whether Asian currencies could appreciate against the U.S. dollar as part of broader efforts to rebalance trade. Finally, Clay and Ashok discuss whether Asia will lead global growth and innovation or face pressure to choose sides between the United States and China. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of the Current Account podcast, host Piyush Shukla gets into an interesting conversation with Prakash Agrawal, Partner at Gefion Capital and former Senior Director & Head of Financial Sector Institutions at India Ratings & Research. We explore the future of Indian banking, foreign bank investments, regulatory trends, PSB mergers, IDBI privatisation, credit–deposit growth, and asset-quality outlook for FY25. Prakash Agrawal breaks down recent high-profile moves such as SMBC's stake in Yes Bank and Emirates NBD's proposed acquisition of RBL Bank, and what they signal about India's position as a global growth hotspot. He also discusses RBI's evolving stance on ownership, regulatory easing in the latest MPC, and whether India could be headed toward creating globally top-10 banks.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Kezia McKeague, Regional Director for Latin America at McLarty Associates and IIF's Martín Castellano, Head of Latin America Research, to unpack the results and implications of Argentina's recent midterm elections. The conversation explores President Javier Milei's strengthened political mandate, the role of U.S. financial support in shaping the electoral outcome, and how markets have responded. Kezia and Martín also discuss the short- and medium-term risks to Milei's economic stabilization plan, including persistent inflation, a widening current account deficit, and pressure on real wages and growth. Finally, the discussion considers whether this moment marks a turning point for reform in Argentina and broader Latin America. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Gracelin Baskaran, Director of the Critical Minerals Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), to discuss a topic on the rise: critical minerals and rare earths. First, Gracelin explains the difference between critical minerals and rare earths and their relative importance as resources. The discussion that follows includes how China has monopolized the mining, manufacturing and production of critical minerals, how these circumstances may play a part in upcoming discussions between U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese President, General Secretary Xi Jinping, how the state of these markets may drive global connections - as seen with the recent trade deal between the United States and Australia - and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay talks to Sim Tshabalala, Group Chief Executive Officer of the Standard Bank Group and Chair of the B20 South Africa Finance & Infrastructure Task Force, to discuss a variety of topics within the G20 and B20 agenda. Clay and Sim first discuss takeaways from the 2025 IMF/World Bank and IIF Annual Meetings, including an underlying theme of unexpected hope, before shifting to the role of the B20 within the G20 agenda, key milestones and accomplishments of the Finance & Infrastructure Task Force, how the private sector can assist in building confidence in infrastructure projects - specifically in Africa, what priorities the United States may have as it transitions to G20 Chair in 2026, how a transition from South Africa to the United States might play out and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay previews a variety of themes and topics poised to be the center of many discussions during the upcoming 2025 IIF Annual Membership Meeting and IMF/World Bank Annual Meetings. Clay breaks down the major themes from the upcoming meetings into three main categories: (1) Risks, such as geopolitical risk, policy uncertainty and the rise of global debt; (2) Opportunities, including the rise of gold, increased role of artificial intelligence and further developments in digital asset expansion and regulation; and (3) Potential Institutional Issues, highlighted by the role and demand for critical minerals, shifts in supply chains and tariff implications, a call for simplification in the realm of supervision and regulation, and region-specific issues - as recently brought to light in Argentina. Click here for more information on the 2025 IIF Annual Membership Meeting. IIF Members can watch the "Countdown to the AMM!" here. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Ziad Haider, Partner and Global Director of Geopolitics, Singapore, McKinsey & Co., to discuss one of the most important topics in the financial services industry: Geopolitics. Clay and Ziad begin the podcast by detailing the increased prominence of geopolitics in recent years, before discussing the role of resilience for financial services firms, what risks are front of mind in the near future, preparation approaches for dealing with risks that are unpredictable in nature, whether geopolitics will become a permanent risk to monitor, or not, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's Managing Director and Chief Economist, Marcello Estevão, to give an update on the Federal Reserve and discuss its recent decision to make a 25-basis point rate cut. Clay and Marcello begin by discussing the rate cut and what it signifies for the U.S. economy as a whole, including the state of inflation, unemployment and overall growth. The discussion then shifts to answering forward-looking questions: What does this rate cut mean for the economy? How will this impact policymaking, wage pressure, and labor fragmentation? Finally, Clay and Marcello discuss how the Fed - specifically Chair Jerome Powell - may view the labor market and what moves may come from other global markets following the most recent rate cut. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's Andrés Portilla, Managing Director of Regulatory Affairs, and Katie Rismanchi, Deputy Director of Regulatory Affairs, to talk about banking supervision - namely developments and recent trends in how supervision is approached across the globe. The discussion begins with a key question: Why is banking supervision important? The podcast continues with a discussion on the response to supervisory turmoil in recent years, issues and flaws within current supervisory procedures and processes, potential solutions to aid in increased supervisory effectiveness and transparency, how progress can be - and may already have been - measured and much more. For more information about this topic, read the IIF's recent paper on supervisory effectiveness here. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Scott Lee, IIF's Deputy Director and Senior Counsel in the Digital Finance Department, to discuss recent developments in the world of digital asset regulation and legislation. Clay and Scott begin with the status and background on three pieces of digital asset legislation in the U.S.: The GENIUS Act, the CLARITY Act and the Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act. Afterwards, the discussion shifts to the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in balancing regulatory authority, how jurisdictions outside of the U.S. are approaching digital asset regulation, what key signs are to come on the horizon and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In the latest episode of the pod Andy and Amelia are talking about the latest stories that are important to you and your money. Including:  Andy's August current account update How to save money on Sky Sports, TNT and Amazon Do you need travel insurance on your staycation? For links and further reading head to becleverwithyourcash.com/cashchats 00:00 Intro 01:19 August current account update 17:35 Staycation travel insurance 24:49 How to save on sports channels ABOUT CASH CHATS Cash Chats is the award-winning podcast brought to you by the team of money geeks at Be Clever With Your Cash, sharing the latest updates from the world of personal finance and helping you to navigate the everyday money challenges we all face. Show notes can be found at becleverwithyourcash.com/podcast. BE CLEVER WITH YOUR CASH ON SOCIAL twitter.com/BeCleverCash instagram.com/becleverwithyourcash   youtube.com/@becleverwithyourcash   GET OUR WEEKLY NEWSLETTER You'll also get a free Quidco bonus for signing up https://becleverwithyourcash.com/newsletter/ MUSIC The music is Easter Island by Lonely Punk and provided on a creative commons licence 

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Don Kohn, the Robert V. Roosa Chair in International Economics and a Senior Fellow in the Economic Studies program at the Brookings Institution, to discuss recent developments and the overarching role of the Federal Reserve - the central bank of the United States. Don and Clay begin with the traditional importance of the Fed's independence from elected officials before analyzing how prior administrations have seemingly pressured it to varying degrees, what impact these pressures have on the risk of inflation, ongoing discussions, including historic dissenters, around Fed policy, what upcoming personnel changes - including a new Chair in 2026 - the Fed will have to endure, how the Fed may approach the rest of the calendar year and much more. Programming Note: Current Account will return from summer break in September. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's President and CEO, Tim Adams, to assess key takeaways from the first half of 2025, with an eye on major themes to keep track of for the remainder of the year. Tim begins by providing a brief highlight of his recent travels across the globe and their subsequent conversations before jumping into a host of crucial topics in the financial industry, such as the agenda for more simplified regulation and steps toward Basel III implementation in the U.S. and discussing the wide range of risks and challenges facing the industry at large. Tim and Clay also discuss how recent digital asset legislation - such as the GENIUS Act - is shaping the view of emerging and developing technologies, the role of global geopolitics and geoeconomics within the financial industry, how U.S. trade policy is viewed internationally and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Mark Sobel, a Senior Advisor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and U.S. Chairman at the Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum (OMFIF), and Josh Lipsky the Chair of International Economics at the Atlantic Council and Senior Director of the Atlantic Council's GeoEconomics Center, to discuss the dollar and the first six months of the Trump administration's dollar policy. The discussion begins with a brief overview of recent developments in the dollar and dollar policy before diving into other factors that may impact the dollar such as geopolitics and economic statecraft, what impact other ongoing events - such as the rise of stablecoins and open clashes in the public sector - have on dollar markets, why the U.S. may have a "plumbing problem" and how to combat it*, how these and other issues impact global economies, why dollar volatility is or isn't a bad sign, and much more. *For more on this topic, read Josh's recent op-ed in the NYTimes here. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay dives into a few recent developments coming out of Washington surrounding the Trump Administration's economic policy - aimed at strengthening financial stability and economic growth. He divides the developments into three categories: Trade and tariffs, tax incentives and a focus on deregulation. Clay analyzes the categories by detailing the recent history of the administration's tariff policy and status of various trade deals, how "The One, Big, Beautiful Bill Act" impacts the fiscal aspect of the larger economic strategy, what recent policy and personnel developments mean in terms of a regulatory environment and clarity regarding digital asset regulation, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Conan French, IIF Director of Digital Finance, to discuss recent shifts and developments in digital payments and fraud. Conan starts with where the payments landscape stands at this moment before diving into the ongoing status of the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act, how tech enabled fraud has developed alongside modern payment technology, how different jurisdictions are approaching these and other issues, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Carsten Brzeski, the Global Head of Macro at ING Research, to discuss developments in the German economy following the recent federal elections - held in February 2025. Clay and Carsten begin with notable changes in the economy since the elections were held before analyzing the recent redefinition of Germany's debt brake, how this constitutional reform aligns with Germany's goals and priorities, how U.S.-imposed tariffs on the E.U. impact U.S.-German relations, the path for Germany to reclaim its historical role as one of Europe's leading economies and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by two IIF colleagues, Garbis Iradian, Chief Economist for the MENA region, and Ivan Burgara, Economist, to give updates on the greater Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and recent developments in oil markets. The discussion begins with a brief summary of recent events in the region before narrowing in on Egypt and how the country looks to bounce back thanks to recent investments, what the implications are of the U.S. tariff policy for MENA and its countries, why oil market prices have dropped as a whole, how the Trump administration aims to both increase production and keep low prices, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

We discuss how the U.S. trade deficit is linked to its fiscal deficit, and how lessons from history suggest it could be difficult to correct trade imbalances without fiscal reform as well.  The discussion and content provided within this podcast is intended for informational purposes only and may not be appropriate for all investors. Reliance upon information provided in a podcast is at the sole responsibility of the listener. The information included herein is not based on any particularized financial situation, or need, and is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, a forecast, research, investment advice or a recommendation for any specific PIMCO or other security, strategy, product or service. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results. All investments contain risk and may lose value. Investors should speak to their financial advisors regarding the investment mix that may be right for them based on their financial situation and investment objective. Podcasts may involve discussions with non-PIMCO personnel and such content contain the current opinions of the speaker but not necessarily those of PIMCO. Other podcasts may consist of audio recording of an existing PIMCO article and such material contains the current opinions of the manager. The opinions expressed in all podcasts are subject to change without notice. Information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but not guaranteed. PIMCO as a general matter provides services to qualified institutions, financial intermediaries and institutional investors. This is not an offer to any person in any jurisdiction where unlawful or unauthorized. For additional important information go to www.pimco.com/gbl/en/general/legal-pages/podcast-disclosures

In this episode of Current Account, Clay gives an update on the current state of the U.S. tariff policies, namely with reaction and implications of the April 2nd "Liberation Day" tariff announcements. Clay begins with a scene-setting of what tariffs are currently in place and on hold, before providing a framework for how the current Trump Administration may be approaching tariff implementation - broken down into four main categories: (1) Market reaction, as demonstrated by the immediate market reaction following the April 2nd tariff policy announcements, (2) negotiations and diplomacy, highlighted by trade deals and discussions with many of the United States' main trade partners, (3) political backlash, with most impact likely to be shown at the upcoming 2026 Midterm Elections, and (4) litigation, mainly from legal challenges to the use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). *please note that the Institute of International Finance does not provide legal advice This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Richard Fontaine, CEO of the Center for a New American Security, to discuss U.S. foreign policy as President Trump wraps up his first official foreign visit this term. Clay and Richard begin with takeaways from President Trump's trip to the Middle East, what the White House may be thinking in relation to Iran and the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), where things stand between the U.S. and China outside the realm of tariffs, how the President and his cabinet are approaching the recent and ongoing conflicts between Israel and Gaza, Russia and Ukraine, and India and Pakistan, what the reaction of the United States's major trade partners has been to its foreign policy approach and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Ashok Bhundia, IIF's Deputy Chief Economist, to discuss developments in the U.S. Treasury markets in reaction to the recent implementations of tariff and trade policies by the United States. Clay and Ashok walk through the ripple effects of the April 2nd "Liberation Day" and ensuing seven-day tariff pause, how the market disruption compares to other shocks, reasons behind Bond market stability post-April 9th, why the Treasury market is important to the average consumer compared to the stock market, what potential measures may come in the short and medium terms, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by David Ljunggren, a Correspondent covering politics for Reuters in Canada, to discuss the 2025 Candian Federal Election held on April 28. Clay and David begin with the results of the election, which saw Mark Carney of the Liberal Party become the country's 24th Prime Minister. After, the discussion centers on events leading up to the election, including the resignation of former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, impact of the recent tariffs implemented by the U.S. and President Donald Trump, how Canada may pivot to other trade partners, what Prime Minister Carney aims to accomplish in the short-to-medium term, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay recaps a busy week in Washington, centered around the 2025 Spring Meetings hosted by the IMF, World Bank and IIF. Clay begins by analyzing potentially the largest focal point of the meetings: Trade. To help elaborate on some of the discussions, the episode features a number of snippets from speakers at the IIF Global Outlook Forum, highlighted by U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent, who gave insight and perspective directly from inside the Trump administration. Other quotations feature perspectives from the private sector, sentiment in Europe and China, how markets have been and will continue to react, issues regarding U.S. banking supervision, and many more. Other discussions proved to highlight the continued importance of transition finance and its evolving role in the financial industry, emergence of artificial intelligence and digital payments across a variety of agendas, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Eugene Ludwig, Founder and CEO of Ludwig Advisors, to discuss a variety of updates within financial regulation - specifically those in the spotlight as President Trump continues to fill his regulatory cabinet. Clay and Gene start the discussion by assessing how the current administration seems to be approaching regulation, before diving into topics such as increased White House supervision on regulators, plans for potential Basel III implementation, a drastic change from the previous administration in approaching digital assets, how the U.S. is varying its approach from other jurisdictions, how financial institutions are approaching this period of transition and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate, and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Rebecca Patterson, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and globally recognized investor and economic researcher, to discuss a potential new feature of the Trump Administration - A Mar-a-Lago Accord. Clay and Rebecca begin by explaining potential motives behind such an accord, followed by detailing the process of making it a reality, the impact the accord may have on the dollar, evaluating this potential scenario to similar measures in the past, how the U.S. may aim to get international support and the feasibility of this process leading to a real Mar-a-Lago accord. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Jenny Cosco, Global Head of Government Relations & Regulatory Strategy at LSEG, to discuss recent trends related to market risk and vulnerability. Jenny and Clay discuss some of the key market trends in 2025, how deeply volatile trends could be the pattern of the future, how markets seem to be combating volatility with resilience, regulatory frameworks that may bolster market stability and resilience, an overview of front-of-mind regulatory and market issues and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's Martin Boer, General Manager and Chief Representative, Europe, to discuss some of the recent developments captivating the European economy. Joining Clay from Brussels, Martin is able to dive into a number of key areas of focus in the region, including the path of Europe on the road to greater growth and competitiveness, potential implications for the financial industry on a broader consumer level, how things may have shifted since President Trump recently took office, how the European Union is balancing its trade relationship with the U.S. and other major partners, what the near-term outlook may look like for the European economy and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this landmark 100th episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's Gene Ma, Head of China Research and Chief Representative of the Asia/Pacific Region, to provide an update on China. Fresh off of the "Two Meetings" sessions, Clay and Gene first provide an update on economic trends from China, before analyzing a potential shift to a more consumption-led economy, how China is responding to President Trump's tariff policy, other ripple effects on China's economy from the U.S.-China relationship and more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by Jeffrey Rathke, President of the American-German Institute at John Hopkins University, as well as host of The Zeitgeist podcast, to discuss the results and implications of the recent elections in Germany. Clay and Jeff first recap the events that led to these elections back in November of 2024, before analyzing the results of a voter turnout not seen since reunification: Implications of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU)-Christian Social Union (CSU) bloc forming a coalition government with the Social Democratic Party (SDP), impact on the German economy and its role as a European powerhouse, how U.S.-German relations may change under new leadership, likelihood and procedure of halting the debt brake and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's Martín Castellano, Head of LatAm Research, to discuss recent economic developments in Mexico, fresh off a recent investor trip to Mexico City. The discussion centers around the impact of President Sheinbaum's initial few months in office, response to recent actions and discussions led by the Trump administration, Mexico's outlook for growth, overall economic trends in the region and more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay analyzes a topic gaining momentum in recent weeks - sovereign wealth funds and the potential of one in the United States. Clay first gives some background on sovereign wealth funds at large and examples of successful funds across the globe, before diving into three main points: How sovereign wealth funds are funded, what the objectives of these funds are and how a new U.S. fund may fit into existing legal frameworks. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay discusses developments around the recent tariffs and threatened implemented by United States President Donald Trump on countries and regions such as Colombia, Canada, Mexico, China and the European Union. Clay dives into why and how the Trump administration may use tariffs as a bargaining tool in trade discussions, describing the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) and its role, how these tariffs are impacting markets and international relationships, and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay is joined by IIF's new Deputy Chief Economist, Ashok Bhundia, to discuss economic developments amid South Korea's recent political events. Clay and Ashok recap key points over recent months before discussing the impact these events have on both monetary and fiscal policy, how markets have reacted to the political uncertainty, the forthcoming process to gain clarity on a political leader and much more. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In this episode of Current Account, Clay kicks off 2025 by looking ahead to agenda of the recently inaugurated 47th President of the United States, Donald Trump. This discussion includes highlighting key points such as economic strategy surrounding tariffs, inflation and trade relations, the ongoing nomination and confirmation process of many key cabinet members and potential recurring characteristics of these appointees, and the approach President Trump and his team may use to enact policy and regulation changes, including potential reconciliation methodologies. This IIF Podcast was hosted by Clay Lowery, Executive Vice President, Research and Policy, with production and research contributions from Christian Klein, Digital Graphics and Production Associate and Miranda Silverman, Senior Program Assistant.

In the latest episode of the Podcast Andy and Amelia are talking about: Andy's January current accounts update Amelia's top money making apps and websites Community hits and misses For links and further reading head to becleverwithyourcash.com/cashchats ABOUT CASH CHATS Cash Chats is the award-winning podcast brought to you by the team of money geeks at Be Clever With Your Cash, sharing the latest updates from the world of personal finance and helping you to navigate the everyday money challenges we all face. Show notes can be found at becleverwithyourcash.com/podcast. BE CLEVER WITH YOUR CASH ON SOCIAL twitter.com/BeCleverCash instagram.com/becleverwithyourcash   youtube.com/@becleverwithyourcash   GET OUR WEEKLY NEWSLETTER You'll also get a free Quidco bonus for signing up https://becleverwithyourcash.com/newsletter/ MUSIC The music is Easter Island by Lonely Punk and provided on a creative commons licence