Podcasts about townshend acts

***This episode is from our brand new series called "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" to commemorate the 250-year anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.*** In this introductory episode, you will learn about some key events leading up to the Declaration of Independence. Check out additional information at amerikazentrum.de. If you have any thoughts, please share them on our YouTube channel: @declarationofindependence250. Here is the timeline: 1756-1763: The Seven Years' War AKA The French and Indian War 1763, 10 February: Treaty of Paris (ended the war) 1763, 7 October: Proclamation of 1763 (set the boundaries for Indian Territory) 1763-1766: Pontiac's War (Native American Coalition vs. Britain) 1765: Stamp Act (Tax on Printed Material Used in Colonies) 1766-1767: Townshend Acts (Levied More Taxes on Colonies) 1770, March 5 : Boston Massacre (Protest against Townshend Acts, 5 Protesters Killed) 1773,16 December : Boston Tea Party (Protest against Tea Act) 1774: Intolerable Acts (Punishment for Boston Tea Party) 1774: Dunmore's War (Colony of Virginia vs. Shawnee and Mingo Nations) 1774 September-October: First Continental Congress 1775, 19 April : Battles of Lexington and Concord 1775: Second Continental Congress begins 1775, 5 July : Olive Branch Petition (Final Attempt by Congress to Avoid War) 1776, 11 June : Committee of Five Established (to Write Declaration of Independence) 1776, 4 July : Final “Fair” Version of Declaration Completed

Den amerikanska revolutionen var mer än bara en kamp om representation och frihet. I Boston var flera av de ledande revolutionärerna rika handelsmän som såg sina affärsintressen hotade av brittiska tullar. I Philadelphia och New York växte motståndsnätverk fram som försvarade rätten till fri handel.Under 1700-talet var dessa tre städer sammanlänkade genom ett livligt nätverk av både laglig handel och en omfattande smuggling. Tillsammans utgjorde de ett slags ekonomiskt kluster som agerade mer som rivaler än lydiga provinser under London. Genom smuggling och handelsförbindelser med franska, portugisiska och nederländska hamnar byggde de upp ett parallellt system som effektivt kringgick brittiska handelshinder.I detta avsnitt av podden Historia Nu samtalar programledaren Urban Lindstedt med ekonomhistorikern Jeremy Land om de ekonomiska orsakerna bakom den amerikanska revolutionen. Han är aktuell med boken Colonial Ports, Global Trade, and the Roots of the American Revolution (1700–1776).När vi tänker på den amerikanska revolutionen är det ofta dramatiska scener som dyker upp: Boston Tea Party, vapenskrammel vid Lexington och Concord, rop om frihet och självständighet. Men kampen för ekonomisk frihet från kolonialmakten Storbritannien föregick den politiska självständigheten.Storbritannien försökte tygla denna utveckling med lagar och tullar, men saknade resurser för att få full kontroll. Tulltjänstemän var få och ofta korrumperade, och lokala handelsmän hade både pengar och makt att göra motstånd. Denna relativa ekonomiska frihet ledde till en form av mental och praktisk självständighet långt innan självständighetsförklaringen skrevs. Boston, New York och Philadelphia började agera som ekonomiska aktörer med egna intressen – inte som kuggar i ett imperium.När britterna på 1760-talet skärpte tonen med skatter som Stamp Act och Townshend Acts utbröt inte bara vrede – utan också organiserat motstånd. Bojkotter, smuggling och politisk mobilisering blev vardag. Det var handelsmännen, de ekonomiska motorerna i kolonierna, som ofta stod i spetsen för revolutionen.Det är i skärningspunkten mellan ekonomi och politik som den amerikanska revolutionen verkligen tar form. De koloniala hamnarna var inte bara strategiska punkter på en karta – de var hjärtat i en ekonomisk förändring som gjorde revolutionen oundviklig.Det var köpmännen i hamnstäderna som i praktiken började skriva självständighetens förhistoria. Långt innan de första skotten avlossades i Lexington, pågick en annan kamp – tystare, men minst lika avgörande – i hamnmagasin, på handelsfartyg och i de koloniala gatornas skuggor.Bild: Förstörelsen av teet i Bostons hamn, en ikonisk litografi från 1846 av Nathaniel Currier; uttrycket "Boston Tea Party" hade ännu inte blivit vedertaget. Notera att få av männen som kastade teet som faktiskt var förklädda till ursprungsamerikaner enligt den vanliga historien.Musik: ”Chester” är en patriotisk hymn komponerad av William Billings och sjöngs under det amerikanska revolutionskriget. Chester av William Billings (kompositör), William Schuman (arrangör). framförd av United States Marine Corps Band, 2014. Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain.Lyssna också på Göteborgs briljanta historia.Klippare: Emanuel Lehtonen Vill du stödja podden och samtidigt höra ännu mer av Historia Nu? Gå med i vårt gille genom att klicka här: https://plus.acast.com/s/historianu-med-urban-lindstedt. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In response to rioting and protests over the Townshend Acts, the British deploy four regiments to Boston, leading to a deadly shooting on March 5, 1770, a massacre that wounds a family.  Featuring: Serena Zabin and John McCurdy. Voice Actors: Anne Fertig, Grace Mallon, Evan McCormick, Adam McNiel, and Nate Sleeter.  Narrated by Jim Ambuske. Music by Artlist.io This episode was made possible with support from Richard H. Brown and Mary Jo Otsea. Find the official transcript here. Help other listeners find the show by leaving a 5-Star Rating and Review on Apple, Spotify, Podchaser, or our website. Follow the series on Facebook or Instagram. Worlds Turned Upside Down is a production of R2 Studios at the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University.

This Day in Legal History: Boston Tea PartyOn this day in 1773, a turning point in American colonial history unfolded in Boston Harbor: the Boston Tea Party. A group of American colonists, members of the secretive resistance group known as the Sons of Liberty, disguised themselves as Mohawk Native Americans and boarded three ships of the British East India Company. Under the cover of night, they dumped 342 chests of tea into the icy waters of the harbor. This protest was a defiant response to what the colonists viewed as oppressive British taxation policies, most notably the Tea Act.It is worth noting here that in one of the nation's most definitive acts of rebellion, the participants deliberately disguised themselves as Native Americans, a minority group already marginalized and subjected to colonial violence. This choice not only symbolized a rejection of British rule but also served as a strategic scapegoating mechanism—if the protest failed or was met with severe repercussions, blame could potentially be shifted onto an already vulnerable population. This act underscores a troubling dynamic: even in a moment of defiance against tyranny, the colonists perpetuated patterns of exploitation and misrepresentation, using Native identity as a convenient shield for their own rebellious actions.The Tea Act of 1773 had been designed to prop up the struggling East India Company by allowing it to sell tea directly to the colonies, bypassing colonial merchants. While the tea itself was cheaper, the act maintained a tax on tea under the Townshend Acts, reaffirming Britain's right to tax the colonies without their consent—a principle the colonists vehemently opposed as "taxation without representation."The Boston Tea Party galvanized both sides of the Atlantic. In Britain, Parliament responded with a series of punitive measures known as the Coercive Acts, or as the colonists called them, the Intolerable Acts. These acts included:* The Boston Port Act, which closed Boston Harbor to all shipping until restitution was made for the destroyed tea.* Measures strengthening British authority in Massachusetts, effectively curtailing self-governance.* The Quartering Act, forcing colonists to house British soldiers.For the colonists, the Boston Tea Party symbolized both resistance and unity. While not all supported the destruction of property, the event rallied support for the growing revolutionary movement. In time, this protest—and the severe response it provoked—would become a turning point, pushing the colonies closer to open rebellion and eventually independence.The Boston Tea Party remains a symbol of resistance to tyranny and an enduring moment in the history of legal and political dissent. It underscored the central conflict between the colonies and Britain: the issue of representation and the rights of subjects under the law, a conflict that would culminate in the American Revolution just two years later.Fourth Circuit Judge James Wynn Jr. has reversed his decision to take senior status, effectively rescinding his semi-retirement and denying President-elect Donald Trump the chance to fill his seat. Wynn, an Obama appointee, initially announced his intention to step down contingent upon the confirmation of his successor, Ryan Park, whose nomination was later withdrawn due to a lack of Senate support under a bipartisan agreement. Wynn's move follows similar reversals by two district court judges and has sparked criticism from Republican lawmakers, who allege the judges are politicizing the judicial retirement process to maintain Democratic-appointed seats. Ethical concerns have also been raised, with conservative groups filing misconduct complaints, claiming that reversing retirement decisions based on election outcomes could violate judicial ethics codes. Legally, there is no explicit prohibition against withdrawing retirement plans, but such actions are rare and can draw scrutiny if perceived as undermining the impartiality and integrity of the judiciary.Of course, one might rightly wonder why conservatives would mind not having an opportunity to fill a vacant seat if they intended to fill it with an impartial appointee. Judge Wynn Reverses Retirement Plans, Denies Trump Vacancy (2)ABC News has agreed to pay $15 million to former President Donald Trump's presidential library to settle a lawsuit over statements made by anchor George Stephanopoulos during a March interview with Rep. Nancy Mace. The lawsuit, filed in March in Florida, alleged that Stephanopoulos falsely stated Trump was found liable for rape in the civil case brought by E. Jean Carroll, with malice and disregard for the truth. As part of the settlement, ABC News will also publish a clarification by Sunday retracting the statements made during the interview. Both parties have agreed to dismiss the case, according to court filings.For clarity, Donald Trump was found liable for sexual abuse and defamation in a civil lawsuit brought by writer E. Jean Carroll. In May 2023, a jury in New York determined that Trump sexually abused Carroll during an encounter in a department store dressing room in the mid-1990s and later defamed her by publicly calling her allegations a "hoax" and making disparaging remarks about her character.The jury did not find Trump liable for rape, as defined under New York law, but awarded Carroll $5 million in damages—$2 million for the sexual abuse claim and $3 million for defamation. This distinction is important because the claim of rape under the law involves specific criteria that the jury did not believe were met, even though they concluded that Trump had engaged in other non-consensual sexual conduct.Put simply, if you were to state “Donald Trump was found liable for rape and is a rapist,” that would be incorrect – what you would want to make clear is that he was found civilly liable for sexual abuse. ABC to pay $15 million to Trump library to settle lawsuit, court documents show | ReutersSenator Ron Wyden's Secure American Communications Act seeks to mandate the FCC to establish binding cybersecurity regulations for U.S. telecommunications providers, addressing vulnerabilities exposed by the Salt Typhoon hack, a Chinese state-sponsored cyberattack targeting U.S. communications networks. This attack reportedly compromised call records, live conversations, and personal communications of high-ranking officials, including President-elect Donald Trump.The proposed bill requires telecom carriers to implement robust security measures, conduct annual vulnerability testing, and undergo independent audits, with results and compliance certifications submitted to the FCC. The legislation also seeks to address the FCC's longstanding failure to enforce a 1994 federal law mandating telecom providers secure systems from unauthorized interceptions.Wyden's initiative is part of a broader strategy to bolster communications security, including proposed legislation for encrypted communications software and restricting the export of Americans' data to adversarial nations. The draft emphasizes the need to protect Americans' privacy, reduce reliance on insecure proprietary software, and counter advanced persistent threats like those seen in the Salt Typhoon breach. Consumer and privacy advocacy groups have endorsed the bill, calling it a critical step toward securing U.S. telecommunications infrastructure against foreign espionage.Wyden Releases Draft Legislation to Secure U.S. Phone Networks Following Salt Typhoon Hack This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

A name almost totally forgotten today, John Dickinson was famous - known as “The Penman of the American Revolution.” A true Lockean in support of liberty, life and property - he helped lead the opposition to the Stamp Act, the Declaratory Act, the Townshend Acts - and much more. The post John Dickinson: A “Great Worthy of the Revolution” first appeared on Tenth Amendment Center.

Mike Winther walks us through taxes and revolution in this lecture. He takes us on a journey back into the colonial period of America. He unravels how taxes, tariffs, and other pivotal factors stirred tensions between the American colonists and the British government. He digs into key historical events that left indelible marks on our nation's narrative. He talks about how the principles of hope and the recognition of Jesus Christ's Lordship played influential roles in the American colonists' fervent fight for independence. Then Mike talks about finances. He discusses the qualities of contentment and the necessity to appreciate what we have while resisting the want for more money. He also shares why and how we need to rethink taxes. He discusses the role of debt in our lives, property rights, and charity. He talks about how biblical perspectives applied to the ideas and values of our founding fathers and how we can benefit from the same today.   You'll Learn: [1:30] Overview of the British colonial system and how it led to tensions between the American colonists and the British government.  [4:30] Why the Puritans and Separatists came to America.  [7:30] The early colonies and charters from the king.  [10:30] The king had absolute control and searched ships whenever he wanted. The Townshend Acts gave him this authority.  [13:30] How trade restrictions laid the groundwork for the American Revolution.   [16:30] How the bulk of the Declaration of Independence was our founding fathers listing abuses of England against us.  [19:30] Fighting for representation in England and America. No taxation without representation.  [23:30] Discussion of the principles of hope and recognition of Jesus Christ's Lordship and how they influenced the American colonists' fight for independence.  [27:30] The importance of understanding history from a biblical perspective and its impact on the present. [29:08] The importance of being content with what we have and avoiding the love of money.  [31:07] If you tax something you get less of it. If you subsidize something you get more of it.  [33:11] How our original constitution in 1787 prohibited income tax.   [34:28 Mike talks about property rights and private ownership going back to biblical times and the Israelites.  [37:28] How the government could unfairly confiscate land through property taxes. Especially for owners with fixed incomes.  [39:39] The difference between direct and indirect taxes. [41:18] Benefits of indirect taxes include privacy.  [43:26] MIke explains how a self-reporting system can leave room for cheating.  [45:08] There is no need for cheating with reasonable consumption taxes.  [46:56] Mike shares all of the benefits of rethinking taxes.    Your Resources: Books to browse Five Principles By Michael Winther

In this episode, in honor of the 247th Birthday of the United States of America, I talk about our Independence and the events that led up to the American Revolution. Reading from the article, “7 Events That Enraged Colonists and Led to the American Revolution,” written by: Patrick J. Kiger on History.com. Men and women have fought and died for the past 247 years to sustain the freedoms bought by the blood of those who willingly fought for you and me. The Colonists were fed up by the tyranny rule… are you? I am your host, Marci Nettles. I have had a lifetime of opportunities where I had the choice to Breakdown or Breakthrough. It is my hope this Podcast may become your light in the darkness, as you listen to the stories of people I consider “heroes.” Each one had a point where they too had to choose to either Breakdown or Breakthrough! Thank you for listening!  Find Marci at marcinettles(.)com  For the FULL article, please go to  

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Right when it looks like things might calm down, the British get everybody riled up once again.    Join us on social media!   Twitter: https://twitter.com/ushistpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/USPoliticalpodcast/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/uspoliticalpodcast/ Website: https://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com/ Bibliography: https://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com/p/bibliography/  

The Townshend Acts are a now-infamous group of duties passed by Parliament in June 1767. They levied new taxes on items imported from Britain, which came with significant consequences. Learn more in today's episode! Center for Civic Education

Born Jan 23, 1737 - John Hancock was one of the most influential and important Revolutionaries, from the Stamp and Townshend Acts, through the Boston Massacre and the War for Independence. But he was also one of the leading advocates of what became the 10th Amendment. The post Founding Tenther: John Hancock first appeared on Tenth Amendment Center.

An interview about the essays "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania" with historian and author Jane Calvert. In 1767 a series of essays were published in the Pennsylvania Chronicle and Universal Advertiser that are known as “Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania.” They were written by John Dickinson in response to the British parliament's Declaratory Act and the Townshend Acts. Joining us to talk about Dickinson's Letters is Jane Calvert. She is an Associate Professor of History at the University of Kentucky and the Director and Editor of the John Dickinson Writings Project.

Hello Fellow Patriots! It's hard to fathom that England continued, time and time again, to impose Acts (laws, taxes, show of power) on the colonists. I understand that being in "control' of the colonies from 3,000 miles away was tough, but they continued to declare and enforce (or try to) Act after Act after Act. We are at the point of the story where it's about to explode into violence. In this show I cover some of the Acts, the response and results from them, and one in particular that made Boston reach their limits. Hang on tight, tensions are at the max and my next show is going to cover the occupation of Boston and the Boston Massacre. I have more than usual show notes so click, learn and engage below. Don't forget to visit our website for resources, links, photos and more. Host: Ron Kern Patriot Power Podcast Website Ask a question and Join our Podcast • Episode 10 show notes, resources and information The Townshend Acts The Quartering Act Charles Townshend New York Restraining Act Revenue Act of 1767 • Free e-book(s) The Taxation of Tea --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/patriotpowerpodcast/message

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The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution. The independent nation collected taxes on imports ("tariffs"), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on land and commercial buildings. In addition, there were the state and federal excise taxes. State and federal inheritance taxes began after 1900, while the states (but not the federal government) began collecting sales taxes in the 1930s. The United States imposed income taxes briefly during the Civil War and the 1890s. In 1913, the 16th Amendment was ratified, however, the United States Constitution Article 1, Section 9 defines a direct tax. The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution did not create a new tax. Colonial taxation. Taxes were low at the local, colonial, and imperial levels throughout the colonial era. The issue that led to the Revolution was whether parliament had the right to impose taxes on the Americans when they were not represented in parliament. Stamp Act. The Stamp Act of 1765 was the fourth Stamp Act to be passed by the Parliament of Great Britain and required all legal documents, permits, commercial contracts, newspapers, wills, pamphlets, and playing cards in the American colonies to carry a tax stamp. It was enacted on November 1, 1765, at the end of the Seven Years' War between the French and the British, a war that started with the young officer George Washington attacking a French outpost. The stamp tax had the scope of defraying the cost of maintaining the military presence protecting the colonies. Americans rose in strong protest, arguing in terms of "No Taxation without Representation". Boycotts forced Britain to repeal the stamp tax, while convincing many British leaders it was essential to tax the colonists on something to demonstrate the sovereignty of Parliament. Townshend Revenue Act. The Townshend Revenue Act were two tax laws passed by Parliament in 1767; they were proposed by Charles Townshend, Chancellor of the Exchequer. They placed a tax on common products imported into the American Colonies, such as lead, paper, paint, glass, and tea. In contrast to the Stamp Act of 1765, the laws were not a direct tax that people paid daily, but a tax on imports that was collected from the ship's captain when he unloaded the cargo. The Townshend Acts also created three new admiralty courts to try Americans who ignored the laws. Sugar Act 1764. The tax on sugar, cloth, and coffee. These were non-British exports. Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea Party was an act of protest by the American colonists against Great Britain for the Tea Act in which they dumped many chests of tea into Boston Harbor. The cuts to taxation on tea undermined American smugglers, who destroyed the tea in retaliation for its exemption from taxes. Britain reacted harshly, and the conflict escalated to war in 1775. Capitation tax. An assessment levied by the government upon a person at a fixed rate regardless of income or worth. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/law-school/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/law-school/support

Learn how Parliament proceeded after officially repealing Stamp Act from March 1766. Learn for whom Townshend Acts are named after. Discover whether Parliament was divided over proposing new taxes geared towards Revenue benefiting British Government. Find out significance behind date of June 29, 1767. Discover which gender preferred drinking Tea. Learn what John Hancock supports behind English Imports including what all was mentioned in a resolution he crafted come October 1767. Find out what honorary post John Hancock got re-elected to come March 14, 1768 and whether or not he owned vessels used for transporting goods. Find out if any merchants in Boston remained loyal to Britain's East India Company. Learn what takes place in England come January 1770 and whether or not any items get repealed from new legislation enacted by Parliament. Find out if one particular item remained intact in terms of taxation purposes. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

happy thanks giving friends! while your traveling back home from thanksgiving, listen to this episode which talks about the Townshend acts, and the Boston Massacre. https://www.ushistory.org/us/9d.asp https://www.ushistory.org/us/9e.asp https://www.masshist.org/revolution/townshend.php https://www.bostonteapartyship.com/the-townshend-acts --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/oldhistory/support

In this episode we move to the other side of the world to look at some tea history in the British Colonies. The tea trade by now has transformeded into an entire industry and becomes the most important traded commodity of the British East India Company. Twining's emerges onto the scene along with coffeehouse culture where tea was also to be had. Over in the American colonies, the Yanks embrace tea as much as the Brits. Milk and sugar with tea become all the rage. And when the Her Majesty's government starts hitting up the American colonists with the Indemnity Acts of 1767, the Townshend Acts in 1770, and finally, the Tea Act of 1773, it leads to the Boston Tea Party and an eventual "parting of ways" between the colonists and their British masters. Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/the-tea-history-podcast/donations Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Americans respond to the challenge of the Townshend Acts, unleashing Founding Fathers like John Dickinson, Sam Adams and George Washington. This period ‘tees up' a third round of conflict from 1773-75.

Author of the most widely-read papers on American liberty up until publication of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense in 1776, John Dickinson earned the name “Penman of the Revolution” for his opposition to the hated Townshend Acts of 1767. From natural rights, to precedent and resistance, the top quotes from his decades-long work in support of liberty. The post Liberty is the Foundation: Timeless Wisdom from the “Penman of the Revolution” first appeared on Tenth Amendment Center.

After John Dickinson urged them to take action in response to the Townshend Acts of 1767, James Otis, Jr. and Samuel Adams drafted the Massachusetts Circular Letter, which was sent to the other colonies - and London - on Feb 11, 1768. What transpired before, during and after is a little-known - but incredibly important - part of the march towards independence. The post Otis, Adams, Dickinson: The Massachusetts Circular Letter first appeared on Tenth Amendment Center Blog.

Published in response to the hated Townshend Acts of 1767, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania were more popular in the colonies than any other publication until Thomas Paine’s Common Sense in 1776. They asserted the colonial cause against imperial British overreach and helped to lay the groundwork for the U.S. Constitution drafted two decades later. The letters also presented important ideas about resisting usurpation. The post Lessons for Liberty from John Dickinson and the Farmer Letters first appeared on Tenth Amendment Center Blog.

Please distribute widely. Introduction. Our podcast today is titled, The Moral Justification for the Second American Revolution. I am Laurie Thomas Vass, and this is the Citizens Liberty Party News Network podcast for November 17, 2020. We begin our argument for the moral justification of a second American revolution in agreement with a passage from Gordon Wood’s book, The Radicalism of the American Revolution. Wood wrote,           “To be an American could not be a matter of blood; it had to be a           matter of common belief and behavior. And the source of that    common belief and behavior was the American Revolution: it was the      revolution and only the Revolution that made them one people.” The point Wood is making is that the first American Revolution forged a common set of national cultural and social values that bound all citizens together into a shared national mission of liberty. A second American Revolution is justified to restore the moral philosophy of the shared national mission of liberty, obtained in the first revolution. Bradley Thompson, in his book, America’s Revolutionary Mind, describes the constellation of common beliefs of the Revolution, as the “American Moral Philosophy,” and cites Locke’s admonition that citizens who adhere to the American civic virtue do not undermine the liberty of other citizens.   Thompson wrote,           “Locke's fundamental law of nature (i.e., to follow right reason) issues           two commands: first, each and, every man should pursue his rational,           long-term self-interest; and, second, "No one ought to harm another in           his life, health, liberty, or possessions." No common set of cultural or social values currently bind the socialists into a common mission of liberty. The nation is evenly divided between citizens who desire socialism and citizens who desire freedom, and those two conceptions of America are incompatible and irreconcilable. In the election of 2020, in order to impose socialism, the socialists transgressed Locke’s second law of nature in the code of American Civic Virtue by taking away citizen’s rights to vote, and the socialists, have, therefore, abrogated their claim of American citizenship. Jefferson sought to keep a moral society separate and apart from government power. In subverting the election laws, the socialists seek to subordinate all of society under the jurisdiction of  a totalitarian government. Socialists seek to replace an independent moral society with the arbitrary power of government, that they alone control, through the agencies of their vanguard socialist party. The socialists knew, in advance, the damage their transgression would cause to the Trump voters, and proceeded anyways, to inflict that damage. The socialists did not limit their attack to subverting the American idea of individual rights, but, in evading the election laws, they also subverted the collective American right of self-determination and self-government. The socialists have claimed an illegitimate authority to govern, not derived from the consent of the governed. Having engaged in an immoral act to gain political power, the Democrats, will never return to the original contract, or voluntarily adhere to America’s civic virtue. Democrat socialists seek to elevate the attainment of raw political power of government over the natural rights of citizens. The socialists deny the claim of individual moral responsibility and seek to replace it with the principle that only socialist elites can judge morally correct behavior. Locke sees individual citizens as owners of their own labor. Socialists see citizens as property of the Socialist State. Locke sees each individual as a moral agent, able to reason, and entitled to freedom. Locke states that the moral system is based upon individualism. Daniel Webster stated, “Our system begins with the individual man. The public happiness is to be the aggregate of the happiness of individuals.”  Socialists seek to substitute Marxist ideology of class conflict for Locke’s reason and replace individual reason with a totalitarian obedience to the Socialist State, where citizens have no capacity for individual reason. Locke wrote that the single most important duty of government is to protect the God-given natural rights of their citizens. Locke stated that citizens possess a moral right to revolt when government violates those natural rights for the protection of which it was created. In return for security, Locke expected those citizens to follow the legal laws enacted by the government to translate the consent of the governed into elected representatives. Trump voters expected socialists to follow the legal laws of the code of American civic virtue of playing by the rules, established by common moral understanding of American values, and the socialists failed to follow the laws. This article does not seek to persuade the revolutionary leaders of the second revolution of the validity and morality of America’s common mission of liberty. This article is aimed at persuading those Trump voters who must make a personal, moral decision, that a second revolution is justified, and to persuade them to join the revolution to restore American civic virtue. A second revolution is morally justified to restore the original national social contract that established liberty and self-government. When the Democrats failed to follow the laws on election, they broke the original social contract of Jefferson’s Declaration. Trump voters now have a moral right to abolish and replace that illegitimate government. We explain that the purpose of Jefferson’s law of nature, translated into civil law, is to secure the natural rights of individuals. The moral justification of the first American Revolution was the belief that the British authorities intended to enslave the colonists. As early as 1765, John Adams raised the alarm in his 'Dissertation on the Feudal Law," in response to the Stamp Art. (C. Bradley Thompson, America’s Revolutionary Mind). Adams wrote,           "Nothing less than this seems to have been meditated for us, by           somebody in Great Britain. There seems to be direct and   formal           design on foot, to enslave all America."' In 1767, in response to the Townshend Acts, John Dickinson of Pennsylvania pursued the revolutionary logic in his Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. He wrote,           “Some person may think this act of no consequence, because the           duties are so small. A fatal error. That is the very circumstance most           alarming to me. For I am convinced, that the authors of this law would           never have obtained an act to raise so trifling a sum.... In short, if they           have a right to levy a tax of one penny upon us, then they have a right to levy a million upon us.” Jefferson wrote in 1774,           "Single acts of tyranny may be ascribed to the accidental opinion of a           day, but a series of oppressions begun at a distinguished  period, and           pursued, unalterably through every change of ministers, too plainly           prove a deliberate and systematical plan of reducing us to slavery.” Patrick Henry wrote,           “There is no retreat but in submission and slavery! Our chains are           forged! Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston! The war           is inevitable — and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come… Is life so           dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and           slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may           take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!” The socialists now seek to enslave Trump voters in a socialist tyranny. The avoidance of socialist slavery, imposed upon Trump voters by an illegitimate authority, justifies revolution today, just as it did in 1775. It is not the goal of this second revolution to impose individualist Lockean principles of government upon the socialists in order to force them to return to the original social contract. It is not the goal of this revolution to take control over the socialist national territory. It is not the goal of this revolution to employ lethal force against the socialists to eradicate them from the territory of the new nation. The goal of this revolution is a peaceful, civil dissolution of a currently irreconcilably divided nation into two new nations, one that restores the principles of liberty stated by Jefferson in the Declaration, and the other that seeks to subordinate the free will of citizens to the socialist will of the State. This podcast is the audio introduction of a much longer article, available for free at clpnewsnetwork.com. The other sections of the longer podcast are Section 1. The Moral Philosophy of Revolution. Section 2. The Restoration of American Moral Philosophy. Section 3. The Restoration of Jefferson’s American Mind. Section 4. Correcting Madison’s Constitutional Flaws. Section 5. The Indictment of the Democrat Party’s Crime to Destroy Liberty. Conclusion:  Is Life So Dear, or Peace So Sweet, As To Be Purchased At The Price of Chains and Socialist Slavery? I am Laurie Thomas Vass. This is the CLP News Network podcast for November 17, 2020. Please distribute widely.

This week we look at the fallout to the Townshend Acts in America, which ultimately forces Britain to relent. We also introduce the new Prime Minister, Lord North.

We are ready to move on to the next thing, an escalation of things of sorts, the Townshend Acts. 

This week we look at the brief and destructive period where Townshend dominated the British government, passed the Townshend Acts, and set up the war for independence.

Learn about for whom The Townshend Acts were named after and what the legislation itself placed taxes on. Learn how people of Boston mobilized once Townshend Act went into law. Understand why Samuel Adams Letter written in opposition towards Townshend Acts was imperative. Learn how Joseph Warren had established a prominent contact in London whom became an ardent sympathizer to Whigs like Warren himself. Understand why Warren himself valued “Liberty Of The Press”. Understanding how tense the situation became in Boston once various British Regiments arrived around October 1, 1768. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

On this episode of the world famous Sofa King Podcast, we travel back in time and look at the life, loves, war, revolution, presidency and death of George Washington. Born to a middle class family, he rose in wealth and power, until by age 20, he was the wealthiest land owner in Virginia. His story is incredible. He joined the British to stop the French from spreading onto their land. His first fight there basically started a world war because he didn’t know what he was doing. This man was a passionate farmer and whiskey distiller, but he kept getting the call to serve his nation, as a warrior, a spymaster, a politician, and ultimately president. The Washington family had been in American for three generations before George was born. His parents were of an upper middle class and bought some land, which eventually became his famous home at Mt. Vernon. His father increased his fortune, died, left it all to George’s older brother Lawrence. Then Lawrence built up more fortune, died of tuberculosis, and left it all to George. He was the wealthiest man in the colony. But he didn’t sit around counting his gold. Instead, Washington learned how to work the farm and survive in the woods. He worked with the laborers and slaves, it is said, instead of sitting in the big house. He eventually joined a dangerous surveying party and came back as the official surveyor of the surrounding area. That involvement with government made him the selection to talk to some French who had encroached on “British” territory. He did; they politely said they wouldn’t leave. Washington came back with a small military force and attacked and killed the commander, basically kicking off an war between the British and the French. His time in the French Indian War gave him experience on the battlefield. Eventually, the war ended, and he returned to his farming life at Mt. Vernon. However, the Brits were gouging the colonists to make up for the money they spent in the war. Tax after tax led to things like the Boston Tea Party, and eventually, everyone wanted an end to British Rule. The revolution had begun. Again, though he didn’t want it, Washington’s experience, wealth, and prestige, landed him the top military role in the war. Here, he suffered major victories and massive losses. He endured harsh winters, did some legendary tactics, and even survived one battle with four bullet holes in his cloak and two dead horses underneath him. Eventually, the war was won, and Washington settled down once again. And once again, duty called. The new nation of states was falling apart, many of them enacting taxes tougher than the Brits did in order to pay back the war debts. So, the founding fathers called the Constitutional Congress, rewrote the constitution, and called upon George Washington to be the first president. His time in that office set the precedence for the president. He wasn’t a king but an official. So, how long did he last as president? Did he really have wooden teeth? What was up with him and slaves? Did he have a secret lover on the side? Did he really chop down that cherry tree? Listen, laugh, learn.   Visit Our Sources: https://www.biography.com/us-president/george-washington https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/george-washington/ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/george-washington-the-reluctant-president-49492/ https://www.historynet.com/george-washington https://www.si.edu/spotlight/highlights-george-washington-1732-1799 https://www.history.com/news/george-washington-little-known-facts https://www.bostonteapartyship.com/george-washington-facts https://www.britannica.com/event/Townshend-Acts  

After the Stamp Act was repealed, Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles Townshend crafted a new set of taxes to sidestep the American arguments against taxation. Like the podcast? Check out my youtube channel: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=dbenner83 Most of the content in this section is elaborated upon in greater length and with additional context in Compact of the Republic: The League of States and the Constitution: https://amzn.to/2Qi1Fzw Other recommended reading(s): -John Dickinson, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania – especially letter #2: https://amzn.to/2Qh6E3l -Mercy Otis Warren, The Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution: https://amzn.to/2DDKirt -Murray Rothbard, Conceived in Liberty: https://amzn.to/2N35LJT Youtube: www.youtube.com/dbenner83 Website: www.davebenner.com

After British Regulars kill five colonists and injure others at what becomes known as the Boston Massacre, local radicals force the government to relocate the soldiers to Castle Island, out in Boston Harbor.  The Massacre becomes an example for why standing armies should not be maintained among a free people. For months following, both sides prepare for trials, in which John Adams, among other patriot lawyers, represents the British soldiers.  A jury acquits Captain Preston and five of the seven soldiers involved in the shooting.  The Jury finds two soldiers guilty of manslaughter and had the court brands their thumbs as punishment. Even before word of the Massacre reaches London, Lord North begins a partial repeal of the Townshend Acts, eliminating most taxes on the colonists.  However, to make a point about Parliament's tax authority, North retains a tax on tea. For more text, pictures, maps, and sources, please visit my site at AmRevPodcast.Blogspot.com

After British Regulars kill five colonists and injure others at what becomes known as the Boston Massacre, local radicals force the government to relocate the soldiers to Castle Island, out in Boston Harbor.  The Massacre becomes an example for why standing armies should not be maintained among a free people. For months following, both sides prepare for trials, in which John Adams, among other patriot lawyers, represents the British soldiers.  A jury acquits Captain Preston and five of the seven soldiers involved in the shooting.  The Jury finds two soldiers guilty of manslaughter and had the court brands their thumbs as punishment. Even before word of the Massacre reaches London, Lord North begins a partial repeal of the Townshend Acts, eliminating most taxes on the colonists.  However, to make a point about Parliament's tax authority, North retains a tax on tea. For more text, pictures, maps, and sources, please visit my site at AmRevPodcast.Blogspot.com

Episode 41: - The Townshend Acts are repealed (mostly) but the Patriots refuse to allow everything to calm down too much... ----- Please be sure to subscribe and tell your friends! Leave us a review on iTunes and reach out to us on social media! Twitter: @ateachershist Facebook: A Teacher's History of the United States Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/ateachershist/ Website: www.ateachershistory.com Music from: http://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music Artwork by Brad Ziegler

Episode 40: - Parliament tries to get creative and the colonists want none of it. ----- Please be sure to subscribe and tell your friends! Leave us a review on iTunes and reach out to us on social media! Twitter: @ateachershist Facebook: A Teacher's History of the United States Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/ateachershist/ Website: www.ateachershistory.com Music from: http://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music Artwork by Brad Ziegler

Prime Minister William Pitt's illness prevents him from running his administration.  The Duke of Grafton becomes acting Prime Minister for over a year and eventually take the office officially when Pitt resigns in 1768.  Although Grafton is a moderate on colonial issues, he moves hardliners like Lord North and the Earl of Hillsborough into his cabinet.  The Ministry also adds to the Townshend Acts by creating several new Admiralty Courts in America to enforce the Townshend Acts and other customs laws.  With tough enforcement, they hope the colonies will fall in line. For more text, pictures, maps, and sources, please visit my site at AmRevPodcast.Blogspot.com.

Prime Minister William Pitt's illness prevents him from running his administration.  The Duke of Grafton becomes acting Prime Minister for over a year and eventually take the office officially when Pitt resigns in 1768.  Although Grafton is a moderate on colonial issues, he moves hardliners like Lord North and the Earl of Hillsborough into his cabinet.  The Ministry also adds to the Townshend Acts by creating several new Admiralty Courts in America to enforce the Townshend Acts and other customs laws.  With tough enforcement, they hope the colonies will fall in line. For more text, pictures, maps, and sources, please visit my site at AmRevPodcast.Blogspot.com.

William Pitt, champion of colonial rights, finally becomes Prime Minister in 1766. Illness however, keeps him from active participation in the government. His Lord of the Exchequer Charles Townsend tries to boost revenue by increasing tariffs on a wide variety of colonial imports. While avoiding direct taxes, the new laws are designed to extract money from the colonies as well as increase enforcement actions. Townshend hopes to introduce colonial compliance to Parliament slowly with this first step.  For more text, pictures, maps, and sources, please visit my site at AmRevPodcast.Blogspot.com.

William Pitt, champion of colonial rights, finally becomes Prime Minister in 1766. Illness however, keeps him from active participation in the government. His Lord of the Exchequer Charles Townsend tries to boost revenue by increasing tariffs on a wide variety of colonial imports. While avoiding direct taxes, the new laws are designed to extract money from the colonies as well as increase enforcement actions. Townshend hopes to introduce colonial compliance to Parliament slowly with this first step.  For more text, pictures, maps, and sources, please visit my site at AmRevPodcast.Blogspot.com.

Welcome back to The Emancipation Podcast Station - the place to hear about history researched and retold through the eyes of Middle school and HS students. The Road to Revolution   Seven Years War Blake-The seven years war is truly an interesting war. Many don’t realize that it was actually the first global or world war. As Ricky said the fighting actually began in 1754, however the English didn’t declare war on the French until 1756 so in actuality it is the Seven Years War. The cause of the war is pretty simple the English were obsessed with gaining the most land while the French were interested in the fur trade with the Native Americans. The English failed to gain control of the French fort “Fort  Duquesne” so the English prime minister decided this was a lack of military strength so he funded the military endeavor even more. This was a good idea at the time but later it was the main cause of the Revolutionary war because of the taxation he needed to pay back the debt. Ricky-The seven years war (more accurately the nine year war 1754-1763) is probably known as one of the most world disrupting wars in the 1700s. Guns and weaponry included: Flintlock pistols, black powder rifles, sabres, axes, tomahawks, knives, bows and arrows and basically any other blade they could get their hands on. Fighting  techniques included conventional fighting or basically standing in a line and shoot and get shot. It was stupid, british regulars were usually trained in standing and shooting sand not aiming.   Ben- The english tried to catch the british by surprise in Pennsylvania by trying to capture Fort Duchesne with George Washington leading. But, they failed and had to retreat and establish Fort Necessity, because it was necessary. They tried again with Edward Braddock leading but got slaughtered, and even Edward Braddock died. They  only started winning the war because William Pitt gave them a bunch of money, for resources. But all the money given would later put them in debt. Skylar - The French and Indian war, better known as the 7 years war, but if we’re being realistic here it’s the 9 years war. The war began in 1754, but wasn’t declared until 1756, that’s why it is the 7 years war rather than the 9 years war. It was the first global war. This war started in North American but were in many more countries like Asia, India, and the Philippines. This war ended with france giving up all claims to canada, territories east of the Mississippi, and also spain ceding Florida to Britain. Hunter-The Seven Years War like Ricky said, “it is more accurately the nine year war” it became a global war affecting the British, English, Americans, Philippines, africans, and the war even made it into India. Ethan - England became the dominant empire. It actually lasted 9 years. Also known as the French and Indian War and many more. First global war. The war started because both France, Spain, and Britain wanted the most territory for trading. During this time period George Washington was only just getting to his 20s.   Uproar over the Stamp Act Blake-The Stamp Act was enacted because of the debts left behind from the war. While it was almost unanimously voted on there was one man who thought it was unfair to tax the colonist without their representation in parliament his name was William Pitt. But the Stamp Act was still enacted and it caused major hostility from the colonist. Printers, publishers and lawyers were directly affected by the act and as I said earlier this was one of the main causes of The Revolutionary War. Ricky- the stamp act was an act set in place meant for taxing the colonist because of the seven year war (french and indian war). Squeezing the taxes from the colonists, the british had been getting money to pay the debt from the war. The act taxed all paper/paper goods. As you can imagine, the colonist weren’t going to have any of it especially seeing how each tax payment had to be paid in pounds. 1 british pound is 1.34$ (in today's’ economy) just to add a little perspective.   Ben- The Stamp Act stated that all paper must be purchased from Britain, in Britain’s currency. The currency britain used was very rare at the time, compared to the settlers paper money. Skylar - The Stamp act was made because Britain didn’t spend their money right when they were in the war which put them in deep debt. The prime minister George Greenville authored this act in march of 1765. This act said that all documents, official court documents included, as well as newspapers and basically anything else that has to be printed on paper. This paper came from London and has to be purchased in British hard currency which was very rare. Hunter-The Stamp Act was passed on March 22, 1765, leading to the uproar in the colonies over an issue the was to be the cause of the Revolution: taxation without representation. The controversial act forced the colonists to buy British stamps for every official document they owned. The stamp itself had an image of a Tudor Rose framed by the word “America” and the French phrase “Honi soit qui mal y pense”-- “Shame to him who thinks evil of it”. Ethan-The Stamp Act was a tax that was laid upon all North American printed material. It made it even more difficult since the colonists had to pay for it with british currency. This took a negative toll on the printers, publishers, and mainly anyone that used paper in their job.  It basically marked the beginning of the American Revolution.   The Townshend Acts and the committees of correspondence Blake-Once The Stamp Act was repealed the English needed some way to tax the colonist. So the English passed the Townshend Act which again angered the colonist. The Townshend Act introduced by Charles Townshend was a tax on imports of glass, lead, paint and tea. The Committees of Correspondence was formed so townships could educate people of their rights. Ricky-the townshend acts were a tax for glass, lead, paint, and tea like Blake had mentioned. This was met with protests against the british. But what angered the colonist the most was the “taxation without representation” which was another way to say “we’re being taxed without our permission”. To add to what skylar had to say they made toys out of lead, and they also put lead in paint, and bullets (or pellets) which is why they taxed it. Ben The sort of catch phrase of this whole dispute was “No taxation without representation.” The colonists said that the British did not have the right to tax them because they didn’t have the representation in the legislative body. They thought that only leaders elected by them should be able to tax them. So the british replied with the theory of visual representation, saying that the parliament was honor bound to protect the opinions and interests of the british people and subjects, even the colonists. The people hated it, of course, and denied the British right of taxation, they had many assemblies in New York and Massachusetts but were all dissolved by british governors. Skylar - The townsend acts were passed in 1767 and 1768. They were made to raise revenue for the british empire by taking north american colonies, at least the ones that they owned at the time. Widespread protest were used mostly with merchants in Boston. This act raised taxes on tea, (which led to the “Boston Tea Party”), glass, lead, and paint. I really dont get why they would tax paint and lead though. I mean do people really buy that much paint and lead though?!? I totally get the tea part though because i dont care if there is a high tax. I would die without it. Hunter-Same as Ethan said the Townshend Acts were passed in 1767-1768. But I am gonna add on to the info, the Townshend Acts also renewed a fierce debate over the British Parliament’s right to tax the colonies. In 1772 Boston revolutionary Samuel Adams urged the creation of a Committee of Correspondence to communicate with other colonial assemblies, educate townspeople about their political rights, and to rally opposition to British rule.   Ethan- The Townshend Acts were passed in 1767-1768. They were designed to raise money for the British Parliament.  There were many protests. A Committee of Correspondence was formed to communicate with other assemblies and gather  people to oppose British rule.  They also showed the people their rights. The Boston Tea Party Blake- This Boston Tea Party was the first act of aggression by The Sons of Liberty in response to the unlawful taxation. There are many stories as to what exactly happened the most popular version is The Sons of Liberty dressed as Native Americans and snuck into the Boston harbour in the middle of the night with soot covering their faces and dumped crates of tea all over the harbour. Ricky- the boston tea party was an action against both the taxes implied upon the colonists, and the boston massacre in which five colonists died. Tea back then was like coffee today, some people can’t get enough. So thirty-one hundred and thirty disguised as Indians walked on to docked ships and dumped three hundred forty two crates of tea consisting of black and green teas like Bohea,Congou, Souchong (all black teas), and Singlo, and Hyson (both green teas). Ben- The people got SO upset that 30-130 of them disguised as mohawk indians and boarded multiple ships. Then threw 342 crates of tea overboard, into the ocean. The british did make them pay for it in The Boston Bill, and close down the dock until they did, so it wasn’t without consequence. Skylar - The boston tea party was a rebellious act of some mad “ mohawk indians “ , but we’re really just some mad white people. These people threw over 300 crates of tea into the boston harbor. If were being exact though it was 342 crates. What these people did would cost about 1,700,000 dollars today.   Hunter-This framed act of American colonial defiance served as a protest against taxation. Seeking to boost the troubled east India company, British parliament adjusted import duties with the passage of the tea act in 1773. While consignees in Charleston, New York, and Philadelphia rejected tea shipments, merchants in Boston refused to concede to Patriot pressure. On the night of December 16, 1773, Samuel Adams and the sons of Liberty boarded 3 ships in the Boston harbor and threw 342 chests of tea overboard. This resulted in the passage of the punitive Coercive Act in 1774 and pushed the two sides closer to war.   Ethan- The British Prime Minister suggested the Tea Act, and when he did he completely forgot about the North American colonies.  In the process got a loan from the North of what today would be $270 million.  The North also gave the East India  Company a easy way to sell tea without dispute.   The Intolerable Acts and the First Continental Congress Blake- The Coercive Acts which became The Intolerable Acts consisted of four bills. The Boston Port bill was a fine directed towards Boston to pay for the merchandise damaged. The Government bill gave Massachusetts expanded powers to the governor. The Administration Act of Justice gave the governor the ability to send corrupt government officials to London or other colonies for trial. The Quartering Act was a bill that forced all colonies to provide shelter and food to British troops which meant even making private homes open for them. Ricky- in spring of 1744, the Coercive acts were passed. This act consisted of four bills which set fines toward boston for the boston tea party. The quartering act stated that british soldiers were to be able to stay in someone’s house. The government bill stated that the governor of massachusetts had more power. The administration of justice bill was like the government bill only it authorized the governor to send government officials to other colonies, or to london for trial. Ben- Like many other things britain did in this time period, The Coercive/Intolerable Acts  made the colonial people mad, hence the name “Intolerable.”. The british were trying to isolate the colony of boston but it had the opposite effect and unified them with the other colonies, setting up the First Continental Congress. Skylar - The intolerable Acts were supposed to isolate boston, the seat of the most radical anti-british sentiment, from other countries. The first continental congress didn’t isolate them but instead joining them together. Hunter- The First Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia at carpenters hall from September 5, 1774 to October 26, 1774. The Congress had been called for in response to the Intolerable Acts (Also known as the Coercive Act) Ethan- The Intolerable Acts consisted of 4 bills.  The Boston Port Bill made boston pay for the destroyed tea and closed the harbor until the dues were paid. The Government Bill made Massachusetts rewrite their Charter which gave much power to the royal governor.  The Quartering Act allowed British troops to be housed wherever and whenever they wanted.   Lexington and Concord Blake- The Battles at Lexington and Concord were the first official altercations between the british and the colonist. Before these fateful battles happened in February of 1775 the British declared Massachusetts as a rebellious state. That April was when it all started the British sent Massachusett governor Thomas Gage to disarm the militia so he 700 British foot soldiers to march to Concord. This prompted the famous Paul Revere to ride through towns letting the townspeople know “The British are coming!”. Revere was warned that the British were making their way to Lexington along with Concord Revere quickly rode to Lexington to warn of the British arrival. When the British arrived at Lexington the militiamen stood strong and the skirmish ensued it is still unknown to this day who fired the first shot. After everything was settled 8 militiamen were dead and only one British soldier was wounded. Ricky-this was the first time the british had clashed against the “continental army” which consisted of several militias. Imagine one night you’re just sleeping, and you hear gunshots outside your room. You grab your musket and run outside. There in organized lines you see redcoat british regulars they shoot. Ben- The interesting thing about it though was that it was these highly trained armed British generals and disciplined soldiers vs. a lot of lowly farmer militiaman with muskets. But, somehow, the colonists still won! This little skirmish was the first step towards the freedom and liberty we now have today. Skylar - In february of the year of 1775, the british parliment declared that the colony if massachutts was being wild, as they said rebelious. The colony was preparing in april of 75 that they were going to declare war on britian, and on the 19th they started [fighting. This was the first military clash of the american revolutionary war. Hunter-The battles of lexington and concord fought on April 19, 1775 kicked off the Revolutionary war (1775-83). Tensions had been building up for years between the residents of the 13 American colonies and the British authorities, particularly in Massachusetts. The  night of april 18, 1775 hundreds of British troops marched from Boston to nearby Concord in order to take an arms cache. Paul Revere and other riders sounded the alarm, the colonial militiamen began mobilizing to intercept the Redcoat column. Ethan- These battles were fought on the 19th of April, 1775 and as Ricky said were the first military clashes of the war. The British ordered that Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith gather 700 troops and storm reported ammo caches.

Welcome back to The Emancipation Podcast Station - the place to hear about history researched and retold through the eyes of Middle school and HS students. The Road to Revolution   Seven Years War Blake-The seven years war is truly an interesting war. Many don’t realize that it was actually the first global or world war. As Ricky said the fighting actually began in 1754, however the English didn’t declare war on the French until 1756 so in actuality it is the Seven Years War. The cause of the war is pretty simple the English were obsessed with gaining the most land while the French were interested in the fur trade with the Native Americans. The English failed to gain control of the French fort “Fort  Duquesne” so the English prime minister decided this was a lack of military strength so he funded the military endeavor even more. This was a good idea at the time but later it was the main cause of the Revolutionary war because of the taxation he needed to pay back the debt. Ricky-The seven years war (more accurately the nine year war 1754-1763) is probably known as one of the most world disrupting wars in the 1700s. Guns and weaponry included: Flintlock pistols, black powder rifles, sabres, axes, tomahawks, knives, bows and arrows and basically any other blade they could get their hands on. Fighting  techniques included conventional fighting or basically standing in a line and shoot and get shot. It was stupid, british regulars were usually trained in standing and shooting sand not aiming.   Ben- The english tried to catch the british by surprise in Pennsylvania by trying to capture Fort Duchesne with George Washington leading. But, they failed and had to retreat and establish Fort Necessity, because it was necessary. They tried again with Edward Braddock leading but got slaughtered, and even Edward Braddock died. They  only started winning the war because William Pitt gave them a bunch of money, for resources. But all the money given would later put them in debt. Skylar - The French and Indian war, better known as the 7 years war, but if we’re being realistic here it’s the 9 years war. The war began in 1754, but wasn’t declared until 1756, that’s why it is the 7 years war rather than the 9 years war. It was the first global war. This war started in North American but were in many more countries like Asia, India, and the Philippines. This war ended with france giving up all claims to canada, territories east of the Mississippi, and also spain ceding Florida to Britain. Hunter-The Seven Years War like Ricky said, “it is more accurately the nine year war” it became a global war affecting the British, English, Americans, Philippines, africans, and the war even made it into India. Ethan - England became the dominant empire. It actually lasted 9 years. Also known as the French and Indian War and many more. First global war. The war started because both France, Spain, and Britain wanted the most territory for trading. During this time period George Washington was only just getting to his 20s.   Uproar over the Stamp Act Blake-The Stamp Act was enacted because of the debts left behind from the war. While it was almost unanimously voted on there was one man who thought it was unfair to tax the colonist without their representation in parliament his name was William Pitt. But the Stamp Act was still enacted and it caused major hostility from the colonist. Printers, publishers and lawyers were directly affected by the act and as I said earlier this was one of the main causes of The Revolutionary War. Ricky- the stamp act was an act set in place meant for taxing the colonist because of the seven year war (french and indian war). Squeezing the taxes from the colonists, the british had been getting money to pay the debt from the war. The act taxed all paper/paper goods. As you can imagine, the colonist weren’t going to have any of it especially seeing how each tax payment had to be paid in pounds. 1 british pound is 1.34$ (in today's’ economy) just to add a little perspective.   Ben- The Stamp Act stated that all paper must be purchased from Britain, in Britain’s currency. The currency britain used was very rare at the time, compared to the settlers paper money. Skylar - The Stamp act was made because Britain didn’t spend their money right when they were in the war which put them in deep debt. The prime minister George Greenville authored this act in march of 1765. This act said that all documents, official court documents included, as well as newspapers and basically anything else that has to be printed on paper. This paper came from London and has to be purchased in British hard currency which was very rare. Hunter-The Stamp Act was passed on March 22, 1765, leading to the uproar in the colonies over an issue the was to be the cause of the Revolution: taxation without representation. The controversial act forced the colonists to buy British stamps for every official document they owned. The stamp itself had an image of a Tudor Rose framed by the word “America” and the French phrase “Honi soit qui mal y pense”-- “Shame to him who thinks evil of it”. Ethan-The Stamp Act was a tax that was laid upon all North American printed material. It made it even more difficult since the colonists had to pay for it with british currency. This took a negative toll on the printers, publishers, and mainly anyone that used paper in their job.  It basically marked the beginning of the American Revolution.   The Townshend Acts and the committees of correspondence Blake-Once The Stamp Act was repealed the English needed some way to tax the colonist. So the English passed the Townshend Act which again angered the colonist. The Townshend Act introduced by Charles Townshend was a tax on imports of glass, lead, paint and tea. The Committees of Correspondence was formed so townships could educate people of their rights. Ricky-the townshend acts were a tax for glass, lead, paint, and tea like Blake had mentioned. This was met with protests against the british. But what angered the colonist the most was the “taxation without representation” which was another way to say “we’re being taxed without our permission”. To add to what skylar had to say they made toys out of lead, and they also put lead in paint, and bullets (or pellets) which is why they taxed it. Ben The sort of catch phrase of this whole dispute was “No taxation without representation.” The colonists said that the British did not have the right to tax them because they didn’t have the representation in the legislative body. They thought that only leaders elected by them should be able to tax them. So the british replied with the theory of visual representation, saying that the parliament was honor bound to protect the opinions and interests of the british people and subjects, even the colonists. The people hated it, of course, and denied the British right of taxation, they had many assemblies in New York and Massachusetts but were all dissolved by british governors. Skylar - The townsend acts were passed in 1767 and 1768. They were made to raise revenue for the british empire by taking north american colonies, at least the ones that they owned at the time. Widespread protest were used mostly with merchants in Boston. This act raised taxes on tea, (which led to the “Boston Tea Party”), glass, lead, and paint. I really dont get why they would tax paint and lead though. I mean do people really buy that much paint and lead though?!? I totally get the tea part though because i dont care if there is a high tax. I would die without it. Hunter-Same as Ethan said the Townshend Acts were passed in 1767-1768. But I am gonna add on to the info, the Townshend Acts also renewed a fierce debate over the British Parliament’s right to tax the colonies. In 1772 Boston revolutionary Samuel Adams urged the creation of a Committee of Correspondence to communicate with other colonial assemblies, educate townspeople about their political rights, and to rally opposition to British rule.   Ethan- The Townshend Acts were passed in 1767-1768. They were designed to raise money for the British Parliament.  There were many protests. A Committee of Correspondence was formed to communicate with other assemblies and gather  people to oppose British rule.  They also showed the people their rights. The Boston Tea Party Blake- This Boston Tea Party was the first act of aggression by The Sons of Liberty in response to the unlawful taxation. There are many stories as to what exactly happened the most popular version is The Sons of Liberty dressed as Native Americans and snuck into the Boston harbour in the middle of the night with soot covering their faces and dumped crates of tea all over the harbour. Ricky- the boston tea party was an action against both the taxes implied upon the colonists, and the boston massacre in which five colonists died. Tea back then was like coffee today, some people can’t get enough. So thirty-one hundred and thirty disguised as Indians walked on to docked ships and dumped three hundred forty two crates of tea consisting of black and green teas like Bohea,Congou, Souchong (all black teas), and Singlo, and Hyson (both green teas). Ben- The people got SO upset that 30-130 of them disguised as mohawk indians and boarded multiple ships. Then threw 342 crates of tea overboard, into the ocean. The british did make them pay for it in The Boston Bill, and close down the dock until they did, so it wasn’t without consequence. Skylar - The boston tea party was a rebellious act of some mad “ mohawk indians “ , but we’re really just some mad white people. These people threw over 300 crates of tea into the boston harbor. If were being exact though it was 342 crates. What these people did would cost about 1,700,000 dollars today.   Hunter-This framed act of American colonial defiance served as a protest against taxation. Seeking to boost the troubled east India company, British parliament adjusted import duties with the passage of the tea act in 1773. While consignees in Charleston, New York, and Philadelphia rejected tea shipments, merchants in Boston refused to concede to Patriot pressure. On the night of December 16, 1773, Samuel Adams and the sons of Liberty boarded 3 ships in the Boston harbor and threw 342 chests of tea overboard. This resulted in the passage of the punitive Coercive Act in 1774 and pushed the two sides closer to war.   Ethan- The British Prime Minister suggested the Tea Act, and when he did he completely forgot about the North American colonies.  In the process got a loan from the North of what today would be $270 million.  The North also gave the East India  Company a easy way to sell tea without dispute.   The Intolerable Acts and the First Continental Congress Blake- The Coercive Acts which became The Intolerable Acts consisted of four bills. The Boston Port bill was a fine directed towards Boston to pay for the merchandise damaged. The Government bill gave Massachusetts expanded powers to the governor. The Administration Act of Justice gave the governor the ability to send corrupt government officials to London or other colonies for trial. The Quartering Act was a bill that forced all colonies to provide shelter and food to British troops which meant even making private homes open for them. Ricky- in spring of 1744, the Coercive acts were passed. This act consisted of four bills which set fines toward boston for the boston tea party. The quartering act stated that british soldiers were to be able to stay in someone’s house. The government bill stated that the governor of massachusetts had more power. The administration of justice bill was like the government bill only it authorized the governor to send government officials to other colonies, or to london for trial. Ben- Like many other things britain did in this time period, The Coercive/Intolerable Acts  made the colonial people mad, hence the name “Intolerable.”. The british were trying to isolate the colony of boston but it had the opposite effect and unified them with the other colonies, setting up the First Continental Congress. Skylar - The intolerable Acts were supposed to isolate boston, the seat of the most radical anti-british sentiment, from other countries. The first continental congress didn’t isolate them but instead joining them together. Hunter- The First Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia at carpenters hall from September 5, 1774 to October 26, 1774. The Congress had been called for in response to the Intolerable Acts (Also known as the Coercive Act) Ethan- The Intolerable Acts consisted of 4 bills.  The Boston Port Bill made boston pay for the destroyed tea and closed the harbor until the dues were paid. The Government Bill made Massachusetts rewrite their Charter which gave much power to the royal governor.  The Quartering Act allowed British troops to be housed wherever and whenever they wanted.   Lexington and Concord Blake- The Battles at Lexington and Concord were the first official altercations between the british and the colonist. Before these fateful battles happened in February of 1775 the British declared Massachusetts as a rebellious state. That April was when it all started the British sent Massachusett governor Thomas Gage to disarm the militia so he 700 British foot soldiers to march to Concord. This prompted the famous Paul Revere to ride through towns letting the townspeople know “The British are coming!”. Revere was warned that the British were making their way to Lexington along with Concord Revere quickly rode to Lexington to warn of the British arrival. When the British arrived at Lexington the militiamen stood strong and the skirmish ensued it is still unknown to this day who fired the first shot. After everything was settled 8 militiamen were dead and only one British soldier was wounded. Ricky-this was the first time the british had clashed against the “continental army” which consisted of several militias. Imagine one night you’re just sleeping, and you hear gunshots outside your room. You grab your musket and run outside. There in organized lines you see redcoat british regulars they shoot. Ben- The interesting thing about it though was that it was these highly trained armed British generals and disciplined soldiers vs. a lot of lowly farmer militiaman with muskets. But, somehow, the colonists still won! This little skirmish was the first step towards the freedom and liberty we now have today. Skylar - In february of the year of 1775, the british parliment declared that the colony if massachutts was being wild, as they said rebelious. The colony was preparing in april of 75 that they were going to declare war on britian, and on the 19th they started [fighting. This was the first military clash of the american revolutionary war. Hunter-The battles of lexington and concord fought on April 19, 1775 kicked off the Revolutionary war (1775-83). Tensions had been building up for years between the residents of the 13 American colonies and the British authorities, particularly in Massachusetts. The  night of april 18, 1775 hundreds of British troops marched from Boston to nearby Concord in order to take an arms cache. Paul Revere and other riders sounded the alarm, the colonial militiamen began mobilizing to intercept the Redcoat column. Ethan- These battles were fought on the 19th of April, 1775 and as Ricky said were the first military clashes of the war. The British ordered that Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith gather 700 troops and storm reported ammo caches.

The tension between the Colonists and British Parliament is mounting.  We look at the Quartering and Townshend Acts; and patriot noncooperation pushes the limits and without a last minute repeal war would have started sooner.

The tea trade transforms into an entire industry and becomes the most important traded commodity of the British East India Company. Twining's emerges onto the scene along with coffeehouse culture where tea was also to be had. Over in the American colonies, the Yanks embrace tea as much as the Brits. Milk and sugar with tea become all the rage. And when the Her Majesty's government starts hitting up the American colonists with the Indemnity Acts of 1767, the Townshend Acts in 1770, and finally, the Tea Act of 1773, it leads to the Bostin Tea Party and an eventual "parting of ways" between the colonists and their British masters. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The tea trade transforms into an entire industry and becomes the most important traded commodity of the British East India Company. Twining's emerges onto the scene along with coffeehouse culture where tea was also to be had. Over in the American colonies, the Yanks embrace tea as much as the Brits. Milk and sugar with tea become all the rage. And when the Her Majesty's government starts hitting up the American colonists with the Indemnity Acts of 1767, the Townshend Acts in 1770, and finally, the Tea Act of 1773, it leads to the Bostin Tea Party and an eventual "parting of ways" between the colonists and their British masters. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The tea trade transforms into an entire industry and becomes the most important traded commodity of the British East India Company. Twining's emerges onto the scene along with coffeehouse culture where tea was also to be had. Over in the American colonies, the Yanks embrace tea as much as the Brits. Milk and sugar with tea become all the rage. And when the Her Majesty's government starts hitting up the American colonists with the Indemnity Acts of 1767, the Townshend Acts in 1770, and finally, the Tea Act of 1773, it leads to the Bostin Tea Party and an eventual "parting of ways" between the colonists and their British masters. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The tea trade transforms into an entire industry and becomes the most important traded commodity of the British East India Company. Twining's emerges onto the scene along with coffeehouse culture where tea was also to be had. Over in the American colonies, the Yanks embrace tea as much as the Brits. Milk and sugar with tea become all the rage. And when the Her Majesty's government starts hitting up the American colonists with the Indemnity Acts of 1767, the Townshend Acts in 1770, and finally, the Tea Act of 1773, it leads to the Bostin Tea Party and an eventual "parting of ways" between the colonists and their British masters. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

After the failure of the Stamp Act, Parliament passed a new series of taxes known as the Townshend Acts. The colonists were not amused. 

Revolution Rock and Roll Podcast #6 - Show NotesRRR Update: Out last week – surgery...get it while you can! Working on “Revolution is You”. Sounding Eagles-like out in 2 weeks Hope to have Kevin Myers in studio next week Sweet new guitar Music: “Liberty Song” One of the first protest songs by John Dickenson Published in 1768 in response to more taxes levied on the colonists (Townshend Acts of 1767). To the tune of “Heart of Oak” (anthem of the Royal Navy) and “Here’s a Health” (irish ) First appearance of “United we Stand, Divided we Fall” Reference to “Liberty” is to John Hancocks ship “The Liberty” which was seized by the authorities for smuggling. That led to a suspension of English imports by Boston Merchants in 1768. "Liberty Song" by John Dickinson Come, join hand in hand, brave Americans all! And rouse your bold hearts at fair Liberty's call; No tyrannous acts shall suppress your just claim, Or stain with dishonor America's name. Chorus: In freedom we're born, and in freedom we'll live! Our purses are ready, Steady, friends, steady; Not as slaves, but as free men, our money we'll give. How sweet are the labors that freemen endure, That they shall enjoy all the profit, secure, No more such sweet labors Americans know, If Britons shall reap what Americans sow. Then join hand in hand brave Americans all, By uniting we stand, by dividing we fall; In so righteous a cause let us hope to succeed, For Heaven approves of each generous deed. News Free speech under attack! Dr. in Florida = RRR Links Dude singing "Liberty Song" on YouTube

Pages 166-167 in the text, as narrated by Floy Lilley. From Part 5 of Conceived in Liberty, Volume III: "The Townshend Crisis, 1766-1770."