Podcasts about Concord

What makes Sour Rot so challenging for wine grape growers is that it is a disease complex. Hans C. Walter-Peterson, Viticulture Extension Specialist, Finger Lakes Grape Program, Cornell Cooperative Extension explains that Sour Rot comes in late season after ripening.  Yeasts get into the berries and ferment the sugar out in the vineyard. Bacteria follow up, feasting on the alcohol, converting it into acetic acid – an unwelcome component in winemaking. And, the disease is spread rapidly by fruit flies. In this interview Hans shares methods to reduce Sour Rot disease pressure by managing increasingly resistant fruit fly populations, leafing to encourage fewer berries at fruit set, the correct way to drop fruit, and timing antimicrobial and insecticide sprays to Brix to maximize effectiveness. Cornell Cooperative Extension is trialing non-chemical control practices including UV light for sterilization and hormonal sprays plus a disease model is under development with Penn State University. Resources: 17: New Discoveries about Sour Rot – Megan Hall (Podcast) 117: Grapevine Mildew Control with UV Light - David Gadoury (Podcast) 159: Under-Vine Vegetation to Control Vine Vigor – Justine Vanden Heuvel (Podcast) Alice Wise, Cornell Cooperative Extension Control of Sour Rot via Chemical and Canopy Management Techniques Hans Walter-Peterson, Cornell Cooperative Extension Hans Walter-Peterson ResearchGate Influence of timing and intensity of fruit zone leaf removal and kaolin applications on bunch rot control and quality improvement of Sauvignon blanc grapes, and wines, in a temperate humid climate Insecticide Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is Associated with Field Control Failure of Sour Rot Disease in a New York Vineyard Managing Fruit Flies for Sour Rot Summer Bunch Rot (Sour Rot) Pest Management UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines Wendy McFadden-Smith, PhD., Ontario References: Vineyard Team Programs: Juan Nevarez Memorial Scholarship - Donate SIP Certified – Show your care for the people and planet   Sustainable Ag Expo – The premiere winegrowing event of the year - $50 OFF with code PODCAST23 Sustainable Winegrowing On-Demand (Western SARE) – Learn at your own pace Vineyard Team – Become a Member Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.   Transcript Craig Macmillan  0:00  Here with us today is Hans Walter-Peterson. He is a viticulture extension specialists with the Finger Lakes Grape Program, part of Cornell Cooperative Extension. Thanks for being our guest today.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  0:12  Thanks for having me. Glad to be here.   Craig Macmillan  0:14  You've been doing a lot of work on a situation I'll call it called Sour Rot on grapes. And that's what we're gonna talk about today. Let's start with some basic definitions. What exactly is Sour Rot?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  0:24  So sour rot is pretty much what it sounds like. It's one of the late season rots that can afflict grapes comes in after ripening starts so much like Botrytis, bunch rot some of these other types of rots that that growers might be familiar with. So it's another version of that, but it comes along with the bonus of acetic acid, every rot kind of brings its own different compounds to the party. Sour rot brings one that really is not terribly welcome in winemaking, you know, essentially the the main component of vinegar. It's a particularly rough type of rot. We really are getting some more challenging years with it past several years. So my program has really started to focus in on what we can do to try to keep it under control.   Craig Macmillan  1:09  You know, I understand that part of the issue here. Is that sour rot is a disease complex. There's multiple actors involved in all of this. Can you tell us what some of those pieces are of that complex and how they interact to create sour rot?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  1:23  Yeah, it's probably the thing that makes sour rot a more difficult thing to manage than kind of the standard diseases, the regular diseases that most growers are used to dealing with like powdery mildew, downy mildew, because those are created those are developed by one type of microbe. So if you find the one thing that can control that one microbe, you've got a control measure. With sour rot it's a like you said it's a complex of multiple organisms that bring it about. So basically, there are yeasts, the yeasts get into the berries and take the sugar that's being developed in there, and they do exactly what we use yest for in winemaking takes the sugar and turns it into alcohol. So we'd get a fermentation starting within the berries out in the vineyard. The second part of it that happens then is that there are bacteria that follow up and also arrive in there most notably Acetobacter, but also some other things like Gluconobacter and Henseniaspora. This is some great work that was done by Wendy McFadden-Smith in Ontario a number of years ago. So they all kind of come in and feast on that alcohol and convert that alcohol into acetic acid. So thereby there's the sour of sour rot. The piece that comes after that, then is not just the sour rot. But then the thing that probably is really characteristic of it also, as with some of these other rots, but it spreads really quickly in a vineyard if the conditions are right. And that's mainly done by fruit flies. And it's not just the one that we've been hearing a lot about lately, the Spotted Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii but it's also just your plain old Drosophila melanogaster, the ones you used in your your high school genetics classes, or college genetic classes and see on your fruit around the sink and stuff like that. Those fruit flies, for the most part, mostly fruit flies are a couple of other suspects in the mix, too. But they're the ones that spread it from berry to berry and cluster to cluster and block the block.   Craig Macmillan  3:13  Are they spreading the yeast, the bacteria are both.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  3:16  All of the above.   Craig Macmillan  3:17  Okay, so that's it,   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  3:18  They're gonna freeride. So that's, that's the difficulty with it. If it was just, you know, like I was saying earlier, if it's something like black rot, or botrytis, where it's just one single causal organism, that's one story. And that's hard enough to control when you've got multiple types of organisms that aren't even directly related. I mean, yeast and bacteria are very different types of organisms, for example, we don't have a spray or a single thing that control that. And so that's the real difficulty with managing it year in and year out.   Craig Macmillan  3:48  So this just made me think of something. One way of thinking about disease complexes is if I can remove one of the elements, or two of the elements I can at least reduce if not prevent or treat the disease is that the case with sour rot if I had no bacteria, if I didn't have a yeast or something like that, can I get rid of one of them and and help with this?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  4:09  Yeah, that's that's a really good point. As I said earlier, you need the two micro organisms to cause the sour of the sour at the acetic acid development, but then you need a vector to move them through the vineyard. And that's the fruit flies. So if you can control the fruit flies, you have less chance for those microorganisms to move through the vineyard. If you create a less hospitable host for the microbes, there's less of them to be moved around by the fruit flies. So the management strategies that we're looking at are trying to come at it from both directions. Some of the original work that was done on this recently here at Cornell by a grad student, Dr. Megan Hall, who I believe you had on the show a while back.   Craig Macmillan  4:50  I had in the show, and I know her yes.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  4:53  In Megan's original work here at Cornell. She basically found that it was somewhat more effective to control the fruit flies than to control the microbes that just the microbes by themselves could cause a certain amount of rot. But then if you're controlling the fruit flies, it just you don't get that explosive growth.   Craig Macmillan  5:10  The fruit flies in the gasoline.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  5:12  Right. Exactly. Yeah. The microbes are the fuel. Yes. So that was the impetus of kind of saying, Okay, if you had a control just one thing, it's the fruit flies, because that's really where the explosive nature of the disease comes along. And it's a little bit easier to control a bug than it is microbes that are hiding inside the skins of berries and things like that.   Craig Macmillan  5:31  Where do the microbes come from? are they hanging out under the bark of the vine? Are they inside of shoots? Are they out in the environment and get blown on?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  5:43  They're pretty ubiquitous in the environment, talk about a lot about Native fermentations and yeast coming in from the vineyard. So there's so they're there. And the bacteria are as well, I don't know, it's some of the exact overwintering mechanisms. And if we know all about that, somebody probably does, I just don't, but it's my understanding is they're they're pretty native in our neck of the woods. They just, they're they're pretty much all the time.   Craig Macmillan  6:05  Are there environmental conditions that are particularly conducive to promoting Sour Rot. And then also are there environmental conditions that will prevent it or retard it?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  6:16  So the big thing that gets sour rot going is for some way for the microbes to get into the berries in the first place. Predominantly in grapes, we think about that as either being insects, birds, or water. Here in the east, obviously, we get rain throughout the growing season, including during the harvest season, we have high humidity days, plenty of times. And so those are the kinds of conditions where we see greater incidence of sour rot develop. When the vines take up water, or the berries take up water either through rainfall or just the atmosphere, and then the berries swell up, they can't handle all the water they have and they split or you have a very tight clustered variety, that just the berries start getting forced apart, and they just break by force. So those entry wounds however they're caused, is how it gets started. So we know here in New York that if we have a dry fall days, with not many days with dew points above 70, and all those kinds of things, we don't see very much sour rot develop, we might see a little Botrytis here and there. But for the most part, we don't see it. And a lot of that is because we just don't have the humidity to kind of build up the water in the berry to cause it split the years where we have it bad. On the contrary, that's that's when we see more water, more rainfall, more high humidity days, that's when we see more splitting and therefore more sour rot. Much like most other diseases, the warmer it gets, the faster it can progress. And the same thing with insects, the fruit flies at a at a lower temperature. It takes them longer for a next generation to develop. And so the warmer it gets, they get faster too. So yeah, so warm and wet.   Craig Macmillan  7:55  So cool and dry would be the opposite would be the desirable.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  7:59  So that would be best.   Craig Macmillan  8:01  That actually that just reminded me of something. My experience has all been on the Central Coast California. This only happened once. And that was with some Pinot Noir that came in that had quite a lot of Botrytis damage. And the winemaker had us go through and sort then not simply sort out Botrytis and throw it away, but by hand sorted and then smell it for sour is something like Botrytis or a scar from powdery mildew or something like that. Is that Is that also a possible entry for the organisms?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  8:33  Yes, very often we see Botrytis and sow rot in the same cluster. Because it's the same thing. Botrytis is a very weak pathogen, it needs a place to kind of get established like a wound. And so same thing with sour rot. We do know that, like you're just saying powdery mildew scars can create micro fissures in the skin. And later on in the season, those can start to tear apart even if you can't see them, especially around the pedicel near the stem where the stem connects to the berry. They're going to be micro fissures that those micro organisms can take advantage of as well. So those conditions are pretty similar for for other kinds of rots as well.   Craig Macmillan  9:11  Are there cultural practices or preventative or prophylactic practices that growers can use that might help manage this?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  9:17  Yes, probably the biggest one that we know of and we're trying to get a little bit better handle on as far as how to use it for this purpose. So we know that if you pull leaves before bloom are right at the very beginning of bloom, you will reduce berry set you basically kind of starve the the clusters, the flowering clusters of carbohydrates and other nutrients and so they don't set as many berries. You have a looser cluster. Those clusters don't swell up they don't like I was talking before kind of force berries off, they dry out faster. All the good things we like about looser clusters pulling leaves at that very early, just pre bloom or very early bloom stage can reduce berries set pretty consistently year in and year out. out and help to reduce that cluster compactness aspect of rot development.   Craig Macmillan  10:05  I think it's the first time I've ever heard of a intentional shatter. Usually we're all we're all praying that we don't have what you're describing.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  10:14  Yeah. Well, I mean, you think about table grape growers do this fairly often, they try to make more room on the cluster so that they can have larger berries, which consumers want. And so we're not worried about it. obviously, for consumer sentiment, we're worried about that for disease pressure, there's definitely a cost to it. You're reducing your yield as a grower from the standpoint of just how many grapes you're going to carry. But you also might be saving more yield later on in the year and not having to drop fruit before you send it off to the winery   Craig Macmillan  10:40  In your area. You've got wine grapes, obviously, but also there's a lot of Concord production there. And is it mostly for juice is that right?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  10:48  Mostly for juice, yep.   Craig Macmillan  10:49  I'm assuming this problem applies there as well.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  10:52  Concords really don't get sour rot very much, partly because their clusters more open, they don't set a tight cluster. If you think like a Pinot Noir cluster, or Chardonnay, or Riesling, they're much more loose like that. They also have much thicker skins, so they tend not to split quite as easily, they can still split, but we tend not to see sour rot develop on them. And I, I'm not totally sure why that is. But part of it from at least on a production level, a lot of our Concord gets picked before it gets much more than 16, 17 Brix. We know with sour with sour rot, we don't see symptoms start to develop until you get to 13 or 14. And I think that's partly a result of just how much sugar is in the berry, but also the relation of sugar and acid because microbes can't tolerate a certain acidic level of environment also. And so this is kind of an educated speculation right now. But I think that's part of the reason we don't see it in something like Concord and Niagara and some of these these juice varieties is that we pick it at a relatively low Brix, as opposed to wine varieties where we're picking 20 Plus.   Craig Macmillan  11:57  Right, right, exactly, exactly. Continuing on the cultural thing. I one thing that growers do for both try to fend for grape powdery mildew. They may go through and they may drop infected crop when they first see it. This sounds like this gets spread around, can you crop drop with this and control the spread?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  12:17  The challenge with this is if and I've seen this happen in a couple of places. If you drop crop that's starting to rot and just leave it on the ground near the vines. What does it do when it's on the ground? It continues to rot. Right? It doesn't it doesn't stop and the fruit flies can easily go from the ground back up to the canopy and back down to the ground back up to the canopy.   Craig Macmillan  12:35  Find another Fissure or whatever.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  12:37  Right, exactly. So another part of the challenge that is ideally you're not just dropping the crop and leaving it there in the vineyard, you got to kind of take it out so that it's not around that healthy fruit. Because otherwise those microbes will be back. You know, they get blown around on wind again or carried by fruit flies. And they'll find another fissure to get into.   Craig Macmillan  12:57  Can you cultivate it? Can you can you tell it under?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  13:00  You probably could. Yeah, we don't do that much tillage in our in our vineyard rows just because we have all the rain we maintain cover crops between the vineyards all year round. Otherwise we'd slide all over the place.   Craig Macmillan  13:11  Yeah, no, absolutely. Of course. Yeah. I've talked to Justine Vanden Heuvel about undervine cover cropping and things and I was like, This is crazy. Going to California perspective. That's nuts. And she was like, Craig, you have no idea how much water is in the ground. It would be a mess if we didn't which is which is really interesting. So okay, so that's not gonna work. Do we have anything in the chemical realm for prophylactic sprays?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  13:33  Prophylactics per se not so much what we've been looking at lately, a colleague of mine out on Long Island Alice Wise for about three or four years now we've been looking at a couple of materials that are designed to enhance the cuticle thickness around the berries basically as a way to try to see if we can prevent cracking. One of them was originally developed to reduce cracking and cherries.   Craig Macmillan  13:54  What materials are we talking about?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  13:56  So the material we've been working with is a combination of materials, some waxes and carbohydrates and some other things that kind of just bind to that cuticle around the berry and just thicken it up. Literally from everything I've seen, it works in cherries to prevent this cracking. We've been looking at two versions of these, this material they both developed at Oregon State actually one produces a thinner cuticle and other one produces a much thicker one. And we've tested them both. And we haven't seen any difference in sour rot from using these materials. Now we've had kind of some kind of weird years when we've been testing this, we've had a couple of years where we had a lot of sour rot and a couple of years where we had almost none. So it it hasn't been the best time to be testing this. But in the two years that we've had sour rot, it didn't seem to do very much in the way of reducing it to the point that you could justify spending, you know the time and effort to do it. The only other kind of sprays that we're looking at at this point are things like hydrogen peroxide and proxy acetic acid, then there's some there's some commercial products that are out there that contain one or both of those ingredients. And those are basically just antimicrobials I mean, they they burn whatever they touch. You know, same thing like when you get a cut on your arm, you put hydrogen peroxide on there it disinfects. So that's basically what we're doing for the microbes. And it works pretty well. The key always is coverage, because it has to hit it. As soon as that material hits, hits that grape hits a microbe, whatever, it starts to convert to water, basically those those materials, if you don't have good coverage, if you can't get the material to where the microbes are hanging out, it's not going to be terribly effective. And so that's the that's always the challenge with those kinds of things. But they they do work to the extent that they can reach.   Craig Macmillan  15:36  To some extent, yeah, and again, this is going to be another issue with cluster architecture. Obviously, this is terrifying. As I'm sure everybody in the state of New York and elsewhere, certainly not limited to New York, New York, as far as I know. Okay, now I've got it. It's getting started. Maybe I caught it early, maybe I didn't know what what can I do?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  15:59  The standard treatment that we have at this point is that either when you get to that 13, 14 Brix number or you start to see it show up, and most growers will wait until they see it show up. The standard practice is basically to start this combination of an antimicrobial and an insecticide to kind of keep it under control and try to keep it from getting to that explosive stage. The challenge with that is that fruit flies under the right conditions. And if it's above 70 degrees or so they're generation time is every six to seven days.   Craig Macmillan  16:33  Oh, wow.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  16:33  New generation of these things at their at their utmost or at their best. Essentially, we need to be spraying every seven, eight days to try to keep this under wraps. What we've found, and this is more good news, what we found is that we are identifying a lot of populations of fruit flies here in New York, not just in the Finger Lakes, but in some other areas that we've been testing to where their fruit flies have quickly developed resistance.   Craig Macmillan  16:59  That's how they do it, isn't it.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  17:00  And so what we've seen is that basically the fruit flies have developed resistance to a couple of these materials. We've tested them on a couple of different pyrethroids, a couple of organophosphates, a couple of other materials and found pretty high levels of resistance in the lab, at least, when we've tested them. It has pointed out to us very quickly that this is not a problem that that chemistry alone can solve. All right, there we go. Okay, that's kind of leading us in the direction of maybe not necessarily replacing chemicals completely. It'd be nice if we could, but at least supplementing some of these other cultural and non chemical practices like the leaf pulling, I was mentioning earlier to try to reduce the need for those sprays, if, again, if not eliminate it all together.   Craig Macmillan  17:42  And so what kind of research projects do you have going right now on this topic?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  17:44  We've got a few that we're that we're kind of looking at, again, kind of tackle this from a couple different directions, we're doing some a little bit more work on that leaf pulling aspect, we've done some work, my colleagues and some other people in around the country have looked at mechanical leaf removal at that pre bloom stage and found that it works pretty well as well. There are certainly hormonal sprays that can be used. We mentioned with like with table grapes, tuberculinic acid can be used to to kind of stretch the racus and give the berries more room basically. So it kind of reducing that cluster compactness. And one of the things that I'm particularly kind of interested in and excited about is the potential for UV light to play a role in this.   Craig Macmillan  18:25  I am curious about this UV light thing, I'm hearing more about it and I'm getting kind of excited.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  18:31  UV light is basically just another sterilant that we use. So almost all of our wastewater treatment plants have UV light to sterilize the waters that's coming through the plant. So it does the same job that these hydrogen peroxide peroxy acetic acid materials do, but we don't have to worry as much about coverage. If we apply it right. One of the pathologists here, Dave Gadoury, has done a lot of work on using UV light to control different plant diseases in grapes, normally powdery mildew, which is very effective against, but one of the things that they found kind of along the way is that they were also reducing sour rot in this test plot that they were working in. And so if again, if you kind of think about it, you're if you use the right dosage and the right retention time and da, da, da, you're basically have an antibiotic material, but it's not a chemical. It's a physical one, I'm very interested in looking at the potential for UV light to not only control powdery mildew, which would be a lovely thing, which is, but also can we use it to minimize the sour rot incidents and those microbes that are causing it, as well. So we've got a small trial is kind of a proof of concept thing we've done last year, and now this year, if it works as well as it did last year, we're going to kind of try to expand that work a little bit further and try to see how do we incorporate that into a potential grower practice, you know, how, how often do you need to do it? What's the what's the light intensity? Do you have to do it a day or at night, which is one of the considerations you have to have. So There's a bunch of things that we still need to look at, to turn it to make it something that growers can be really rely on as a potential possible part of this solution. That UV thing is really kind of exciting to me. We also are a little further down the road, we're really trying to work on with some folks at Penn State and a couple of other places on developing a model based on climatic conditions that promote sow rot. So it just kind of can we predict when it's going to be coming, if we know that we're going to have five days of 80% humidity or whatever, there was actually just a really interesting study that's come out of Uruguay that I just heard about a couple of weeks ago at the GiESCO conference that was held here in Ithica, where they saw an impact on bunch rots, they were looking specifically at Botrytis, by having undervine cover crops, where they had those underground cover crops, they saw less Botrytis and less bunch rot than they did where they had like a weed free herbicide strip. So that's something I'd like to follow up on as well, I'd be curious about and then kind of the I won't even say sci fi because this stuff seems to come along so quickly. Now. We work with a couple of really wonderful pathologists and engineers here at Cornell, I was talking to a couple of them about this last year. And they said, I bet it'd be pretty easy to develop a sensor that we could stick out in the vineyard that could detect acetic acid far earlier than any nose could and just be like, Okay, here's your early warning. You know, it's kind of an early warning sensor, it's starting to develop, let's go find it and and try it, see if we can prophylactically take care of it early on. So there's just some some things that we're starting to bandy about as far as kind of further down the road. But I do think kind of the immediate thing that I would really like to are trying to put together is can we take the practices like UV light, loosening cluster architecture, changing cluster architecture in order to reduce that environment that's promoting sour rot? And then also try what can we do on the chemical end to reduce the need for those sprays?   Craig Macmillan  21:50  Right, right. So there's some stuff coming down the pike here, that's really good. That's really, really great. And thank you and everybody else who's working on this. How big of an economic impact is this for folks?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  22:00  It can be one of the most significant economic diseases in grapes. In 2018, we had a particularly bad year here. And I know some growers who had to drop almost half their crop of Riesling on the ground before the harvesters came through. And so if you think about a three to four ton average crop, that's a few $1,000 an acre that you're losing. So I mean, no diseases are good. But I mean, that's a pretty profound one. And again, as I was saying earlier, the thing that's so hard about it is that you've already put almost all of your work and money into that crop all the way from pruning to spraying and all the handwork and everything. And then in a bad week, to all of a sudden, just as somebody called it go to snark my favorite descriptions of sour rot seems like the perfect word for it. It's just it's a really kind of a, obviously financially, but kind of almost as much emotionally devastating feeling.   Craig Macmillan  22:57  If there's one thing, message piece of advice. One thing that you would tell growers on this topic, what would it be?   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  23:05  I'd say probably the biggest and easiest thing you could do right now, to reduce sour rot is that early leaf pulling, we just know that cluster architecture, it makes a big difference in how much rot develops, you might still get some, but it won't be nearly as profound and prolific as it would be otherwise, we have just as a very quick example of it, we have a hybrid variety here called Vignoles we use in all of our sour rot studies, because if you just say the words and it gets sour Rot. Some work that's been done by some colleagues of mine, and some folks at USDA, they basically come up with, they've created two loose clustered clones of Vignoles and so those clusters, obviously, are much less compact than the kind of the standard one. And the amount of disease that is in those clusters is drastically lower than what's in kind of the standard, the standard clone of Vignoles. It's one of those things that just kind of is really illustrative when you see it and just kind of realize that, you know, again, you can still find a few berries here and there that'll have it but you just won't see this entire two panel stretch that's just kind of wiped out by it or whatever doing that that leaf pulling to kind of open up the clusters, I think is probably the right now the biggest thing you can do.   Craig Macmillan  24:19  Interesting. Well then we're running out of time. I want to thank our guest, Hans Walter-Peterson viticulture extension specialist at the Finger Lakes grape program, part of Cornell Cooperative Extension. fascinating conversation, keep up the good work. I think a lot of people are depending upon you.   Hans C. Walter-Peterson  24:38  We're doing what we can see. It's becoming a bigger and bigger problem with climate change around here. We know we've seen it increasing in recent years. So yeah, it's it's one we'd really like to get our hands around better.   Nearly Perfect Transcription by https://otter.ai

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The Democrat Governor of New Mexico has decided that she has the authority to override both the Constitution of the State of New Mexico and the US Constitution. Will her orders stand? Who is standing up to this tyrant? SOTG and Spikes Tactical have partnered to create the Lexington & Concord rifle, an Instrument of … Student of the Gun Radio 1206 – New Mexico Tyrant & Instrument of Liberty Read More »

Jessica Livingston, Festival Director, and Ghana Sharma, Co-Chair + Culinary Director, are in the Concord TV podcast studio to talk about this year's Concord Multicultural Festival on September 24 and Welcoming Week, September 8-17. More information about this year's event is available at: https://concordnhmulticulturalfestival.org/home.

In today's episode, Christine MacMillan speaks with Mandy Maude Culbreath who is anEmergency Room Social Worker within a large Louisiana non-profit, academic hospital system. Mandy evaluates patients' initial emergencies and implements a plan of care with the medical team to resolve psychosocial problems. She acts as a patient advocate and resource person to staff and the community on social work issues. She leads and facilitates participatory learning, promotes creativity in programming, stewardship in communities, and approaches every topic with inclusion in mind. Christine and Mandy talk about trauma and overcoming trauma in your life. Day to day she provides direct social work services to patients and families in New Orleans' River Region area. “River Region” is the strip of land, about 30 miles long, along the Mississippi River and has one of North America's largest concentrations of heavy manufacturing, a reflection of the location to maritime global and local industry.  In May 2023, Mandy led an interactive session at the National Service Training Conference in New Orleans “Running a Trauma Informed Volunteer Program: ACE Score Basics for Volunteer Coordinators.” Mandy saves ticket stubs, silly pictures, hopeful newspaper clippings, and cut-out letters from friends. She's been covering her kitchen walls collage style with them since COVID because it makes her happy- so her food tastes great!  A native of Concord, North Carolina, she now calls New Orleans home. She offers consulting services as well as updates on what she's inspired by at mandyculbreath.com. Have a Listen & SubscribeThe Women Offshore Podcast can also be found on Apple Podcasts, Google Play, and most podcast apps. Make sure to subscribe to whatever app you use so that you don't miss out on future episodes.What did you think of the show?Let us know your thoughts by leaving a review on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts. You can also reach out by sending us an email at hello@womenoffshore.org

It's very simple: Christ has come and Christ is coming again (Revelation 22:20). The time of His return is unknown (Matthew 24:36), but Jesus will physically come to judge the whole world separating the sheep (believers in Christ), and the goats (unbelievers)(Matthew 25:31-46) to make all things new (Revelation 21:1). There are many different views of the end times, yet we believe, teach, and confess in the plain words of Christ as confessed in the creeds (“I look for the resurrection of the dead”). Christ is coming soon and will make all things new, encourage one another with these words (I Thessalonians 4:18). “Christ is surely coming, Bringing His reward, Alpha and Omega, First and Last and Lord: Root and Stem of David, Brilliant Morning Star; Meet your Judge and Savior, Nations near and far!” LSB #509, st 1 Rev. Dennis McFadden, pastor of Emmanuel Lutheran Church in Fort Wayne, IN joins Rev. Brady Finnern to confess the truth of Christ final return for judgement. Find your copy of the Book of Concord - Concordia Reader's Edition at cph.org or read online at bookofconcord.org. Study the Lutheran Confession of Faith found in the Book of Concord with lively discussions led by host Rev. Brady Finnern, President of the LCMS Minnesota North District, and guest LCMS pastors. Join us as these Christ-confessing Concordians read through and discuss our Lutheran doctrine in the Book of Concord in order to gain a deeper understanding of our Lutheran faith and practical application for our vocations.

Listen Now to Jill and Madhava  While on our cross continent road trip we visited a very dynamic couple Jill Goldman and Madhava Setty at their beautiful  home near Concord, Massachusetts. Some of you may have met them in Santa Cruz over the last few years, as they were in our local community during the pandemic.  Their home is a hub of activity, with Jill leading workshops in goddess embodiment, yoga, being your higher self, while Madhava writes about his science-oriented work with RFK Jr., threats to our 1st and 2nd amendment freedoms, vaccine safety analyses, defending physicians that stand up to authoritarian attempts to control their profession, all while maintaining his practice as an anesthesiologist. This is a deep, fascinating, and fun interview with them both, enjoy! L-R All, Sun, Madhava, Jill

When we follow certain ceremonies in the Church are they distracting to the Gospel or do they help the proclamation of Christ? When we live in the world, how do we engage our government without sacrificing our beliefs? The Concordians asked the question, “What does Scripture say?” and “Where is your hope?” The Christian can follow ceremonies and participate in the government with a clear conscience as our hope is in Christ and clinging to the promises of His Word. “Built on the Rock the Church shall stand, Even when steeples are falling. Crumbled have spires in every land; Bells still are chiming and calling, calling the young and old to rest, But above all the souls distressed, Longing for rest everlasting.” LSB #645, st. 1 Rev. Tim Sims, pastor of St. John Lutheran Church in Chester, IL joins Rev. Brady Finnern to study the truth of Church Ceremonies and Civil Government. Find your copy of the Book of Concord - Concordia Reader's Edition at cph.org or read online at bookofconcord.org. Study the Lutheran Confession of Faith found in the Book of Concord with lively discussions led by host Rev. Brady Finnern, President of the LCMS Minnesota North District, and guest LCMS pastors. Join us as these Christ-confessing Concordians read through and discuss our Lutheran doctrine in the Book of Concord in order to gain a deeper understanding of our Lutheran faith and practical application for our vocations.

Alex Gallego, CEO & Founder of Redpanda, joins Corey on Screaming in the Cloud to discuss his experience founding and scaling a successful data streaming company over the past 4 years. Alex explains how it's been a fun and humbling journey to go from being an engineer to being a founder, and how he's built a team he trusts to hand the production off to. Corey and Alex discuss the benefits and various applications of Redpanda's data streaming services, and Alex reveals why it was so important to him to focus on doing one thing really well when it comes to his product strategy. Alex also shares details on the Hack the Planet scholarship program he founded for individuals in underrepresented communities. About AlexAlex Gallego is the founder and CEO of Redpanda, the streaming data platform for developers. Alex has spent his career immersed in deeply technical environments, and is passionate about finding and building solutions to the challenges of modern data streaming. Prior to Redpanda, Alex was a principal engineer at Akamai, as well as co-founder and CTO of Concord.io, a high-performance stream-processing engine acquired by Akamai in 2016. He has also engineered software at Factset Research Systems, Forex Capital Markets and Yieldmo; and holds a bachelor's degree in computer science and cryptography from NYU. Links Referenced: Redpanda: https://redpanda.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/emaxerrno Redpanda community Slack: https://redpandacommunity.slack.com/join/shared_invite/zt-1xq6m0ucj-nI41I7dXWB13aQ2iKBDvDw Hack The Planet Scholarship: https://redpanda.com/scholarship TranscriptAnnouncer: Hello, and welcome to Screaming in the Cloud with your host, Chief Cloud Economist at The Duckbill Group, Corey Quinn. This weekly show features conversations with people doing interesting work in the world of cloud, thoughtful commentary on the state of the technical world, and ridiculous titles for which Corey refuses to apologize. This is Screaming in the Cloud.Corey: Tired of slow database performance and bottlenecks on MySQL or PostgresSQL when using Amazon RDS or Aurora? How'd you like to reduce query response times by ninety percent? Better yet, how would you like to get me to pronounce database names correctly? Join customers like Zscaler, Intel, Booking.com, and others that use OtterTune's artificial intelligence to automatically optimize and keep their databases healthy. Go to ottertune dot com to learn more and start a free trial. That's O-T-T-E-R-T-U-N-E dot com.Corey: Welcome to Screaming in the Cloud, I'm Corey Quinn, and this promoted guest episode is brought to us by our friends at Redpanda, which I'm thrilled about because I have a personal affinity for companies that have cartoon mascots in the form of animals and are willing to at least be slightly creative with them. My guest is Alex Gallego, the founder and CEO over at Redpanda. Alex, thanks for joining me.Alex: Corey, thanks for having me.Corey: So, I'm not asking about the animal; I'm talking about the company, which I imagine is a frequent source of disambiguation when you meet people at parties and they don't quite understand what it is that you do. And you folks are big in the data streaming space, but data streaming can mean an awful lot of things to an awful lot of people. What is it for you?Alex: Largely it's about enabling developers to build applications that can extract value of every single event, every click, every mouse movement, every transaction, every event that goes through your network. This is what Redpanda is about. It's like how do we help you make more money with every single event? How do we help you be more successful? And you know, happy to give examples in finance, or IoT, or oil and gas, if it's helpful for the audience, but really, to me, it's like, okay, if we can give you the framework in which you can build a new application that allows you to extract value out of data, every single event that's going through your network, to me, that's what a streaming is about. It large, it's you know, data contextualized with a timestamp and largely, a sort of a database of event streaming.Corey: One of the things that I find curious about the space is that usually, companies wind up going one of two directions when you're talking about data streaming. Either there, “Oh, just send it all to us and we'll take care of it for you,” or otherwise, it's a, great they more or less ship something that you've run in your own environment. In the olden days of data centers, that usually resembled a box of some sort. You're one of those interesting split-the-difference companies where you offer both models. Do you find that one of those tends to be seeing more adoption these days or that there's an increasing trend toward one direction or the other?Alex: Yeah. So, right now, I think that to me, the future of all these data-intensive products—whether you're a database or a streaming engine—will, because simply of cost of networks transferred between the hybrid clouds and your accounts, sending a gigabyte a second of data between, let's say, you know, your data center and a vendor, it's just so expensive that at some point, from just a cost perspective, like, running the infrastructure, it's in the millions of dollars. And so, running the data inside your VPC, it's sort of the next logical evolution of how we've used to consume services. And so, I actually think it's just the evolution: people would self-host because of costs and then they would use services because of operational simplicity. “I don't want to spend team skills and time building this. I want to pay a vendor.”And so, BYOC, to be honest—which is what we call this offering—it was about [laugh] sidestepping the costs and of being stuck in the hybrid clouds, whether it's Google or Amazon, where you're paying egress and ingress costs and it's just so expensive, in addition to this whole idea of data residency or data sovereignty and privacy. It's like, yeah, why not both? Like, if I'm an engineer, I want low latency and I don't want to pay you to transfer this thing to the next rack. I mean, my computer's probably, like, you know, a hundred feet away from my customer's computer. Like, why [laugh] way is that so complicated? So, you know, my view is that the future of data-intensive products will be in this form of where it—like, data planes are actually owned by companies, and then you offer that as a Software as a Service.Corey: One of the things that catches an awful lot of companies with telemetry use cases—or data streaming as another example of that—by surprise when they start building their own cloud-hosted offering is that they're suddenly seeing a lot more cross-AZ data charges than they would have potentially expected. And that's because unlike cross-region or the really expensive version of this with egress, it's a penny in and a penny out per gigabyte in most of AWS regions. Which means that that isn't also bound strictly to an AWS organization. So, you have customers co-located with you and you're starting to pay ingress charges on customers throwing their data over to you. And, on some level, the most economical solution for you is well, we're just going to put our listeners somewhere else far away so that we can just have them pay the steep egress fee but then we can just reflect it back to ourselves for free.And that's a terrible pattern, but it's a byproduct of the absolutely byzantine cross-AZ data transfer pricing, in fact, all of the data transfer pricing that is at least AWS tends to present. And it shapes the architectural decisions you make as a result.Alex: You know, as a user, it just didn't make sense. When we launched this product, the number of people that says like, “Why wouldn't your charge for, you know, effectively renting [unintelligible 00:05:14], and giving a markup to your customers?” That's we don't add any value on that, you know? I think people should really just pay us for the value that we create for them. And so, you know, for us competing with other companies is relatively easy.Competing with MSK is it's harder because MSK just has this, you know, muscle where they don't charge you for some particular network traffic between you. And so, it forces companies like us that are trying to be innovative in the data space to, like, put our services in that so that we can actually compete in the market. And so, it's a forcing function of the hybrid clouds having this strong muscle of being able to discount their services in a way that companies just simply don't have access to. And then, you know, it becomes—for the others—latency and sovereignty.Corey: This is the way that effectively all of AWS has first-party offerings of other things go. Replication traffic between AZs is not chargeable. And when I asked them about that, they say, “Oh, yeah. We just price that into the cost of the service.” I don't know that I necessarily buy that because if I try and run this sort of thing on top of EC2, it would cost me more than using their crappy implementation of it, just in data transfer alone for an awful lot of use cases.No third party can touch that level of cost-effectiveness and discounting. It really is probably the clearest example I can think of actual anti-competitive behavior in the market. But it's also complex enough to explain, to, you know, regulators that it doesn't make for exciting exposés and the basis for lawsuits. Yet. Hope springs eternal.Alex: [laugh]. You know—okay, so here is how—if someone is listening to this podcast and is, like, “Okay, well, what can I do?” For us, S3 is the answer. S3 is basically you need to be able to lean in into S3 as a way of replication across [AZ 00:06:56], you need to be able to lean into S3 to read data. And so actually, when I wrote, originally, Redpanda, you know, it's just like this C++ thing using [unintelligible 00:07:04], geared towards super low latency.When we moved it into the cloud, what we realized is, this is cost prohibitive to run either on EBS volumes or local disk. I have to tier all the storage into S3, so that I can use S3's cross-AZ network transfer, which is basically free, to be able to then bring a separate cluster on a different AZ, and then read from the bucket at zero cost. And so, you end up really—like, there are fundamental technical things that you have to do to just be able to compete in a way that's cost-effective for you. And so, in addition to just, like, the muscle that they can enforce on the companies is—it—there are deep implications of what it translates to at the technical level. Like, at the code level.Corey: In the cloud, more than almost anywhere else, it really does become apparent that cost and architecture are fundamentally the same thing. And I have a bit of an advantage here in that I've seen what you do deployed at least one customer of mine. It's fun. When you have a bunch of logos on your site, it's, “Hey, I recognize some of those.” And what I found interesting was the way that multiple people, when I spoke to them, described what it is that you do because some of them talked about it purely as a cost play, but other people were just as enthusiastic about it being a means of improving feature velocity and unlocking capabilities that they didn't otherwise have or couldn't have gotten to without a whole lot of custom work on their part. Which is it? How do you view what it is that you're bringing to market? Is it a cost play or is it a capability story?Alex: From our customer base, I would say 40% is—of our customer base—is about Redpanda enabling them to do things that they simply couldn't do before. An example is, we have, you know, a Fortune 100 company that they basically run their hedge trading strategy on top of Redpanda. And the reason for that is because we give them a five-millisecond average latency with predictable flight latencies, right? And so, for them, that predictability of Redpanda, you know, and sort of like the architecture that came about from trying to invent a new storage engine, allows them to throw away a bunch of in-house, you know, custom-built pub/sub messaging that, you know, basically gave them the same or worse latency. And so, for them, there's that.For others, I think in the IoT space, or if you have flying vehicles around the world, we have some logos that, you know, I just can't mention them. But they have this, like, flying computers around the world and they want to measure that. And so, like, the profile of the footprint, like, the mechanical footprint of being able to run on a single Pthread with a few megs of memory allows these new deployment models that, you know, simply, it's just, it's not possible with the alternatives where let's say you have to have, you know, like, a zookeeper on the schema registry and an HTTP proxy and a broker and all of these things. That simply just, it cannot run on a single Pthread with a few megs of memory, if you put any sort of workload into that. And so, it's like, the computational efficiencies simply enable new things that you couldn't do before. And that's probably 40%. And then the other, it's just… money was really cheap last year [laugh] or the year before and I think now it's less cheap [unintelligible 00:10:08] yeah.Corey: Yeah, I couldn't help but notice that in my own business, too. It turns out that not giving a shit about the AWS bill was a zero-interest-rate phenomenon. Who knew?Alex: [laugh]. Yeah, exactly. And now people [unintelligible 00:10:17], you know, the CIOs in particular, it's like, help. And so, that's really 60%, and our business has boomed since.Corey: Yeah, one thing that I find interesting is that you've been around for only four years. I know that's weird to say ‘only,' but time moves differently in tech. And you've started showing up in some very strange places that I would not have expected. You recently—somewhat recently; time is, of course, a flat circle—completed $100 million Series C, and I also saw you in places where I didn't expect to see you in the form of, last week, one of your large competitor's earnings calls, where they were asked by an analyst about an unnamed company that had raised $100 million Series C, and the CEO [unintelligible 00:11:00], “Oh, you're probably talking about Redpanda.” And then they gave an answer that was fine.I mean, no one is going to be on an earnings call and not be prepared for questions like that and to not have an answer ready to go. No one's going to say, “Well, we're doomed if it works,” because I think that businesses are more sophisticated than that. But it was an interesting shout-out in a place where you normally don't see competitors validate that you're doing something interesting by name-checking you.Alex: What was fundamentally interesting for me about that, is that I feel that as an investor, if you're putting you know, 2, 3, 4, or $500 million check into a public position of a company, you want to know, is this money simply going to make returns? That's basically what an investor cares about. And so, the reason for that question is, “Hey, there's a Series C startup company that now has a bunch of these Fortune 2000 logos,” and you know, when we talked to them, like, their customer [unintelligible 00:11:51] phenomena, like, why is that the case? And then, you know, our competitor was forced to name, you know, [laugh] a single win. That's as far as I remember it. We don't know of any additional customers that have switched to that.And so, I think when you have, like, you know, your win rate is above, whatever, 95%, 97% ratio, then I think, you know, they're just sort of forced to answer that. And in a way, I just think that they focus on different things. And for me, it was like, “Okay, developer, hands on keyboard, behind the terminal, how do I make you successful?” And that seems to have worked out enough to be mentioned in the earnings call.Corey: On some level, it's a little bit of a dog-and-pony show. I think that as companies had a certain point of scale, they feel that they need to validate what they're doing to investors at various points—which is always, on some level, of concern—and validate themselves to analysts, both financial—which, okay, whatever—and also, industry analysts, where they come with checklists that they believe is what customers want and is often a little bit off of the mark. But the validation that I think that matters, that actually determines whether or not something has legs is what your customers—you know, people paying you money for a thing—have to say and what they take away from what you're doing. And having seen in a couple of cases now myself, that usage of Redpanda has increased after initial proofs of concept and putting things on to it, I already sort of know the answer to this, but it seems that you also have a vibrant community of boosters for people who are thrilled to use the thing you're selling them.Alex: You know, Jumptraders recently posted that there was a use case in the new stack where they, like, put for the most mission-critical. So, for those of you that listening, Jumptraders is financial company, and they're super technical company. One of, like, the hardest things, they'll probably put your [unintelligible 00:13:35] your product through some of the most rigorous testing [unintelligible 00:13:38]. So, when you start doing some of these logos, it gives confidence. And actually, the majority of our developers that we get to partner with, it was really a friend telling a friend, for [laugh] the longest time, my marketing department was super, super small.And then what's been fun, some, like, really different use case was the one I mentioned about on this, like, flying vehicles around the world. They fly both in outer space and in airplanes. That was really fun. And then the large one is when you have workloads at, like, 14-and-a-half gigabytes per second, where the alternative of using something like Kinesis in the case of Lacework—which, you know, they wrote a new stack article about—would be so exorbitantly expensive. And so, in a way, I think that, you know, just trying to make the developers successful, really focusing, honestly, on the person who just has to make things work. We don't—by the time we get to the CIO, really the champion was the engineer who had to build an application. “I was just trying to figure it out the whack-a-mole of trying to debug alternative systems.”Corey: One of the, I think, seductive problems with your entire space is that no one decides day one that they're going to implement a data streaming solution for a very scaled-out, high-traffic site. The early adoption is always a small thing that you're in the process of building. And at that scale at that speed, it just doesn't feel like it's that hard of a problem because scale introduces its own unique series of challenges, but it's often one that people only really find out themselves when the simple thing that works in theory but not in production starts to cause problems internally. I used to work with someone who was a deeply passionate believer in Apache Kafka to a point where it almost became a problem, just because their answer to every problem—it almost didn't matter if it was, “How do we get more coffee this morning?”—Kafka would be the answer for all of it.And that's great, but it turned out, they became one of these people that borderline took on a product or a technology as their identity. So, anything that would potentially take a workload away from that, I got a lot of internal resistance. I'm wondering if you find that you're being brought in to replace existing systems or for completely greenfield stuff. And if the former, are you seeing a lot of internal resistance to people who have built a little niche for themselves?Alex: It's true, the people that have built a career, especially at large banks, were a pretty good fit for, you know, they actually get a team, they got a promotion cycle because they brought this technology and the technology sort of helped them make money. I personally tend to love to talk to these people. And there was a ca—to me, like, technically, let's talk about, like, deeply technical. Let me help you. That obviously doesn't scale because I can't have the same conversation with ten people.So, we do tend to see some of that. Actually, from our customers' standpoint, I would say that the large part of our customer base, you know, if I'm trying to put numbers, maybe 65%, I probably rip and replace of, you know, either upstream Apache Software or private companies or hosted services, et cetera. And so, I think you're right in saying, “Hey, that resistance,” they probably handled the [unintelligible 00:16:38], but what changed in the last year is that the CIO now stepped in and says, “I am going to fire all of you or you have to come up with a $10 million savings. Help me.” [laugh]. And so, you know, then really, my job is to help them look like a hero.It's like, “Hey, look, try it tested, benchmark it in your with your own workload, and if it saves you money, then use it.” That's been, you know, to sort of super helpful kind of on the macroeconomic environment. And then the last one is sometimes, you know, you do have to go with a greenfield, right? Like, someone has built a career, they want to gain confidence, they want to ask you questions, they want to trust you that you don't lose data, they want to make sure that you do say the things that you want to say. And so, sometimes it's about building trust and building that relationship.And developers are right. Like, there's a bunch of products out there. Like, why should I trust you? And so, a little easier time, probably now, that you know, with the CIOs wanting to cut costs, and now you have an excuse to go back to the executive team and say, “Look, I made you look smart. We get to [unintelligible 00:17:35], you know, our systems can scale to this.” That's easy. Or the second one is we do, you know, we'll start with some side use case or a greenfield. But both exists, and I would say 65% is probably rip-outs.Corey: One question, I love to, I wouldn't call it ambush, but definitely come up with, the catches some folks by surprise is one of the ways I like to sort out zealots from people who are focused on business problems. Do have an example of a data streaming workload for which Redpanda would not be a great fit?Alex: Yeah. Database-style queries are not a fit. And so, think that there was a streaming engine before there was trying to build a database on top of it, and, like—and probably it does work in some low volume of traffic, like, say 5, 10 megabytes per second, but when you get to actual large scale, it just it doesn't work. And it doesn't work because but what Redpanda is, it gives you two properties as a developer. You can add data to the end or you can truncate the head, right?And so, because those are your only two operations on the log, then you have to build this entire caching level to be able to give this database semantics. And so, do you know, I think for that the future isn't for us to build a database, just as an example, it's really to almost invert it. It's like, hey, what if we make our format an open format like Apache Iceberg and then bring in your favorite database? Like, bring in, you know, Snowflake or Athena or Trina or Spark or [unintelligible 00:18:54] or [unintelligible 00:18:55] or whatever the other [unintelligible 00:18:56] of great databases that are better than we are, and doing, you know, just MPP, right, like a massively parallelizable database, do that, and then the job for us, for [unintelligible 00:19:05], let me just structure your log in a way that allows you to query, right? And so, for us, when we announced the $100 million dollar Series C funding, it's like, I'm going to put the data in an iceberg format so you can go and query it with the other ten databases. And there are a better job than we are at that than we are.Corey: It's frankly, refreshing to see a vendor that knows where, okay, this is where we start and this is where we stop because it just seems that there's been an industry-wide push for a while now to oh, you built a component in a larger system that works super well. Now, expand to do everything else in the architectural diagram. And you suddenly have databases trying to be network transport layers and queues trying to be data warehouses, and it just doesn't work that way. It just it feels like oh, this is a terrible approach to solving this particular problem. And what's worse, from my mind, is that people who hadn't heard of you before look at you through this lens that does not put you in your best light, and, “Oh, this is a terrible database.” Well, it's not supposed to be one.Alex: [laugh].Corey: But it also—it puts them off as a result. Have you faced pressure to expand beyond your core competency from either investors or customers or analysts or, I don't know, the voices late at night that I hear and I assume everyone else does, too?Alex: Exactly. The 3 a.m. voice that I have to take my phone and take a voice note because it's like, I don't want to lose this idea. Totally. For us. I think there's pressures, like, hey, you built this great engine. Why don't you add, like, the latest, you know, soup de jour in systems was like a vector database.I was like, “This doesn't even make any sense.” For me, it's, I want to do one thing really well. And I generally call it internally, ‘the ring zero.' It's, if you think of the internet, right, like, as a computer, especially with this mode to what we talked about earlier in a BYOC, like, we could be the best ring zero, the best sort of like, you know, messaging platform for people to build real-time applications. And then that's the case and there's just so much low-hanging fruit for us.Like, the developer experience wasn't great for other systems, like, why don't we focus on the last mile, like, making that developer, you know, successful at doing this one thing as opposed to be an average and a bunch of other a hundred products? And until we feel, honestly, that we've done a phenomenal job at that—I think we still have some roadmap to get there—I don't want to expand. And, like, if there's pressure, my answer is, like… look, the market is big enough. We don't have to do it. We're still, you know, growing.I think it's obviously not trivial and I'm kind of trivializing a bunch of problems from a business perspective. I'm not trying to degrade anyone else. But for us, it's just being focused. This is what we do well. And bring every other technology that makes you successful. I don't really care. I just want to make this part well.Corey: I think that that is something that's under-appreciated. I feel like I should get over at one point to something that's been nagging at the back of my mind. Some would call it a personal attack and I suppose I'll let them, but what I find interesting is your background. Historically, you were a distributed systems engineer at very large scale. And you apparently wrote the first version of Redpanda yourself in—was it C or C++?Alex: C++.Corey: Yeah. And now you are the CEO of a company that is clearly doing very well. Have you gotten the hell out of production yet? The reason I ask this is I have worked in a number of companies where the founder was also the initial engineer and then they invariably treated main as their feature branch and the rest of us all had to work around them to keep them from, you know, destroying everything we were trying to build around us, due to missing context. In other words, how annoyed with you are your engineers on any given afternoon?Alex: [laugh]. Yeah. I would say that as a company builder now, if I may say that, is the team is probably the thing I'm the most proud of. They're just so talented, such good [unintelligible 00:22:47] of humans. And so—group of humans—I stopped coding about two years ago, roughly.So, the company is four-and-a-half years old, really the first two-and-a-half years old, the first one, two years, definitely, I was personally putting in, like, tons and tons of hours working on the code. It was a ton of fun. To me, one of the most rewarding technical projects I've ever had a chance to do. I still read pull requests, though, just so that when I have a conversation with a technical leader, I don't be, like, I have no clue how the transactions work. So, I still have to read the code, but I don't write any more code and my heart was a little broken when my dev prod team removed my write access to the GitHub repo.We got SOC2 compliance, and they're like, “You can't have access to being an admin on Google domains, and you're no longer able to write into main.” And so, I think as a—I don't know, maybe my identity—myself identity is that of a builder, and I think as long as I personally feel like I'm building, today, it's not code, but you know, is the company and [unintelligible 00:23:41] sort of culture, then I feel okay [laugh]. But yeah, I no longer write code. And the last story on that, is this—an engineer of ours, his name is [Stefan 00:23:51], he's like, “Hey, so Alex wrote this semaphore”—this was actually two days ago—and so they posted a video, and I commented, I was like, “Hey, this was the context of semaphore. I'm sorry for this bug I caused.” But yeah, at least I still remember some context for them.Corey: What's fun is watching things continue to outpace and outgrow you. I mean, one of the hard parts of building a company is the realization that every person you hire for a thing that's now getting off of your plate is better at that thing than you are. It's a constant experience of being humbled. And at some point, things wind up outpacing you to the point where, at least in my case, I've been on calls with customers and I explained how we did some things and how it worked and had to be corrected by my team of, “Well. That used to be true, however…” like, “Oh, dear Lord. I'm falling behind.” And that's always been a weird feeling for me.Alex: Totally. You know, it's the feeling of being—before I think I became a CEO, I was a highly comped  engineer and did a competent, to the extent that it allowed me to build this product. And then you start doing all of these things and you're incompetent, obviously, by definition because you haven't done those things and so there's like that discomfort [laugh]. But I have to get it done because no one else wants to do, whatever, like say, like, you know, rev ops or marketing or whatever.And then you find somebody who's great and you're like, oh my God, I was like, I was so poor tactically at doing this thing. And it's definitely humbling every day. And it's almost it's, like, gosh, you're just—this year was kind of this role where you're just, like, mediocre at, like, a whole lot of things as a company, but you're the only person that has to do the job because you have the context and you just have to go and do it. And so, it's definitely humbling. And in some ways, I'm learning, so for me today, it's still a lot of fun to learn.Corey: This is a little more in the weeds, I suppose, but I always love to ask people these questions. Because I used to be naive, which meant that I had hope and I saw a brighter future in technology. I now know that was all a lie. But I used to believe that out there was some company whose internal infrastructure for what they'd built was glorious and it would be amazing. And I knew I would never work there, nor what I want to, because when everything's running perfectly, all I can really do is mess that up; there's no way to win and a bunch of ways to lose.But I found that place doesn't exist. Every time I talk to someone about how they built the thing that they built and I ask them, “If you were starting over from scratch, what would you do differently?” The answer often distills down to, “Oh, everything.” Because it's an organically evolving system that oh, yeah, everything's easier the second time. At least you get to find new failure modes go in that way. When you look back at how you designed it originally, are there any missteps that you could have saved yourself a whole lot of grief by not making the first time?Alex: Gosh, so many things. But if I were to give Hollywood highlights on these things, something that [unintelligible 00:26:35] is, does well is exposing these high-level data types of, like, streams, and lists and maps and et cetera. And I was like, “Well, why couldn't streams offer this as a first-class citizen?” And we got some things well which I think would still do, like the whole [thread recorder 00:26:49] could—like, the fundamentals of the engine I will still do the same. But, you know, exposing new programming models earlier in the life of the product, I think would have allowed us to capture even more wildly different use cases.But now we kind of have this production engine, we have to support Fortune 2000, so you know, it's kind of like a very delicate evolution of the product. Definitely would have changed—I would have added, like, custom data types upfront, I would have pushed a little harder on I think WebAssembly than we did originally. Man, I could just go on for—like, [added detail 00:27:21], I would definitely have changed things. Like, I would have pressed on the first—on the version of the cloud that we talked about early on, that as the first deployment mode. If we go back through the stack of all of the products you had, it's funny, like, 11 products that are surfaced to the customers to, like, business lines, I would change fundamental things about just [laugh], you know, everything else. I think that's maybe the curse of the expert. Like, you know, you could always find improvements.Corey: Oh, always. I still look back at my career before starting this place when I was working in a bunch of finance companies, and—I'll never forget this; it was over a decade ago—we were building out our architecture in AWS, and doing a deal with a large finance company. And they said, “Cool, where's your data center?” And I said, “Oh, it's AWS.” And they said, “Ha ha ha ha. Where's your data center?”And that was oh, okay, great. Now, it feels like if that's their reaction, they have not kept pace with the times. It feels it is easier to go to a lot of very serious enterprises with very serious businesses and serious workload concerns attendant to those and not get laughed out of the room because you didn't wind up doing a multi-million dollar data center build out that, with an eye toward making it look as enterprise-y as possible.Alex: Yeah. Okay, so here's, I think, maybe something a little bit controversial. I think that's true. People are moving to the cloud, and I don't think that that idea, especially when we go when we talk to banks, is true. They're like, “Hey, I have this contract with one of the hybrid clouds.”—you know, it's usually with two of them, and then you're like—“This is my workload. I want to spend $70 million or $100 million. Who could give me the biggest discount?” And then you kind of shop it around.But what we are seeing is that effectively, the data transfer costs are so expensive and running this for so much this large volume of traffic is still so, so expensive, that there is an inverse [unintelligible 00:29:09] to host from some category of the workload where you don't have dynamism. Actually hosted in your data center is, like, a huge boom in terms of cost efficiencies for the companies, especially where we are and especially in finances—you mentioned that—if you're trying to trade and you have this, like, steady state line from nine to five, whatever, eight to four, whenever the markets open, it's actually relatively cost-efficient because you can measure hey, look, you know, the New York Stock Exchange is 1.5 gigabytes per second at market close. Like, I could provision my hardware to beat this. And like, it'll be that I don't need this dynamism that the cloud gives me.And so yeah, it's kind of fascinating that for us because we offered the self-hosted Redpanda which can adapt to super low latencies with kernel parameter tuning, and the cloud due to the tiered storage, we talked about S3 being [unintelligible 00:29:52] to, so it's been really fun to participate in deployments where we have both. And you couldn't—they couldn't look more different. I mean, it's almost looks like two companies.Corey: One last question before we wind up calling it an episode. I think I saw something fly by on Twitter a while back as I slowly returned to the platform—no, I'm not calling it X—something you're doing involving a scholarship. Can you tell me a bit more about that?Alex: Yeah. So, you know, I'm a Latino CEO, first generation in the States, and some of the things that I felt really frustrated with, growing up that, like, I feel fortunate because I got to [unintelligible 00:30:25] that is that, you know, people were just—that look like me are probably given some bullshit QA jobs, so like, you know, behemoth job, I think, for a bank. And so, I wanted to change that. And so, we give money and mentorship to people and we release all of the intellectual property. And so, we mentor someone—actually, anyone from underrepresented backgrounds—for three months.We give then, like, 1200 bucks a month—or 1500, I can't remember—mentorship from our top principal level engineers that have worked at Amazon and Google and Facebook and basically the world's top companies. And so, they meet with them one hour a week, we give them money, they could sit in the couch if they want to. No one has to [unintelligible 00:31:06]. And all we're trying to do is, like, “Hey, if you are part of this group, go and try to build something super hard.” [laugh].And often their minds, which is great, and they're like, “I want to build an OpenAI competitor in three months, and here's the week-by-week progress.” Or, “I want to build a new storage engine, new database in three months.” And that's the kind of people that we want to help, these like, super ambitious, that just hasn't had a chance to be mentored by some of the world's best engineers. And I just want to help them. Like, we—this is a non-scalable project. I meet with them once a week. I don't want to have a team of, like, ten people.Like, to me, I feel like their most valuable thing I could do is to give them my time and to help them mentor. I was like, “Hey, let's think about this problem. Let's decompose this. How do you think about this?” And then bring you the best engineers that I, you know, that work for—with me, and let me help you think about problems differently and give you some money.And we just don't care how you use the time or the money; we just want people to work on hard problems. So, it's active. It runs once a year, and if anyone is listening to this, if you want to send it to your friends, we'd love to have that application. It's for anyone in the world, too, as long as we can send the person a check [laugh]. You know, my head of finance is not going to walk to a Moneygram—which we have done in the past—but other than that, as long as you have a bank account that we can send the check to, you should be able to apply.Corey: That is a compelling offer, particularly in the current macro environment that we find ourselves faced in. We'll definitely put a link to that into the [show notes 00:32:32]. I really want to thank you for taking the time to, I guess, get me up to speed on what it is you're doing. If people want to learn more where's the best place for them to go?Alex: On Twitter, my handle is @emaxerrno, which stands for the largest error in the kernel. I felt like that was apt for my handle. So, that's one. Feel free to find me on the community Slack. There's a Slack button on the website redpanda.com on the top right. I'm always there if you want to DM me. Feel free to stop by. And yeah, thanks for having me. This was a lot of fun.Corey: Likewise. I look forward to the next time. Alex Gallego, CEO and founder at Redpanda. I'm Cloud Economist Corey Quinn, and this is Screaming in the Cloud. If you've enjoyed this podcast, please leave a five-star review on your podcast platform of choice, whereas if you've hated this podcast, please leave a five-star review on your podcast platform of choice, along with an insulting comment that I will almost certainly never read because they have not figured out how to get data from one place to another.Corey: If your AWS bill keeps rising and your blood pressure is doing the same, then you need The Duckbill Group. We help companies fix their AWS bill by making it smaller and less horrifying. The Duckbill Group works for you, not AWS. We tailor recommendations to your business and we get to the point. Visit duckbillgroup.com to get started.

The guys are joined by Jordon Smith, supercross and motocross racer for Monster Energy Yamaha Star Racing, to discuss how special it is for the motocross playoffs to be coming to Concord and how he got into professionally riding dirt bikes.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mac and Bone open the show by talking about another dejecting draw for Charlotte FC, discussing the three roster moves that the Panthers made yesterday and chatting with Jordon Smith about next weekend's Super Motocross playoffs in Concord.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Join us in this captivating episode as we dive into the world of the Borscht Belt with a true bank of knowledge, Dr. Peter Alan Chester. Peter has spent much of his life working in public education, but his affiliation with the Borscht Belt began in 1958, when his family spent their first summer at The Grand Mountain Hotel in Greenfield Park. At 9, he was the hotel's newspaper boy; at 11 a busboy in the children's dining room and at 14 he became a waiter. Peter also worked at The Concord, Grossingers and the Aladdin, where he was captain and later Maitre d'Hotel from 1974 until its closure in 1991. The child of Holocaust survivors, Peter was raised on the Upper West Side of Manhattan and now lives in Monticello.Learnabout The Catskills Borscht Belt Museum HERE. Check out the highlights of Borscht Belt Fest HERE! Support the showDon't forget to rate, review and subscribe!Follow The Borscht Belt Tattler on socials! Instagram | Facebook | Twitter To learn more about Jen, follow her at @urbanyenta on Instagram.

Listen as Pastor Doug Agnew preaches a sermon called Greater Than Moses from Hebrews 3:1-6.

This week two F1 fans and a gamer head back to the theaters on $4 movie day (& Dutch Gran Prix day) to discuss GRAN TURISMO: Based on a True Story (2023). Directed by Neill Blomkamp, written by Jason Hall, and Zach Baylin with a story credit for Alex Tse, the film stars David Harbour, Orlando Bloom, Geri Horner aka Ginger Spice, Dijon Hounsou, and Archie Madekwe as Jann Mardenbororough, the real life gamer-turned-racer who served as his own stunt double for this film! We had a lot of fun and enjoyed this while also calling out some of the formula. Take a ride with us! Dave also talked a bit about Blue Beetle. Find all of our Socials at: https://linktr.ee/theloveofcinema.  
Our phone number is 646-484-9298, it accepts texts or voice messages.  0:00 Intro/Blue Beetle mini review; WGA/Amazon/Drug Store Gripes, 12:47 Movie Discussion; 37:58 Spoilers; 59:30 What You Been Watching? Additional Cast/Crew: Jacques Jouffret, Takehiro Hira, Darren Barnet, Josha Stradowski, Daniel Puig, Maeve Courtier-Lilley, Pepe Barroso, Niall McShea, Nikhil Parmar, Thomas Kretschmann, Akit Kotabe, Saddam Ueda, Wai Wong, Lindsay Pattison, Emilia Hartford, Maximilian Mundt, Sang Hein Lee, Will Buxton Additional Tags: Australia, Formula 1, Lewis Hamilton, Max Verstappen, Pierre Gasly, Fernando Alonso, Daniel Ricciardo, Oscar Piastri, Red Bull, Le Mans, Grand Prix, Writer's Strike, WGA, Queensland, Adelaide, Melbourne, The Philippines, Tokyo, Sony, Playstation, Simulation, Blood Diamond, The Spice Girls, Christian Horner, Downton Abbey, Nissan, Spotify, residuals, classic studio system, Duane Reade, Target, CVS, Bed, Bath, & Beyond, Walgreens, Apple+, Apple TV, Netflix, Amazon Prime, TikTok, Twitch, Stranger Things, Haas, Gunther Steiner, Concord, NC, New Jersey, Upper West Side, West Village, The Notebook, It, The Edge of Seventeen, LensCrafters. 

In this episode we get some of the early reactions of Lexington and Concord from General Washington, John Adams, and Dr. Franklin.  Support the show

I decided to give one of my favorite history authors Walter Borneman a call to get a history lesson on the importance of the year 1775 toward the creation of our nation, which his excellent book 'American Spring- Lexington, Concord, and the Road to Revolution' outlines in riveting fashion. If you enjoy this one, search 1001 Heroes (or 1001 Historys Best Storytellers) for Walter Borneman's 'Brothers Down ' (Pearl Harbor) or 'The Admirals' (with a focus on Nimitz). Try the new "Tales of Escape & Suspense"- links below! ANDROID USERS- 1001 Tales of Escape & Suspense at Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/2HQYk53AJHTOgBTLBzyP3w 1001 Stories From The Old West at Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0c2fc0cGwJBcPfyC8NWNTw 1001 Radio Crime Solvers at Spotify- https://open.spotify.com/show/0UAUS12lnS2063PWK9CZ37 1001's Best of Jack London at Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/2HzkpdKeWJgUU9rbx3NqgF 1001 Radio Days at Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/5jyc4nVoe00xoOxrhyAa8H 1001 Classic Short Stories & Tales at Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/6rzDb5uFdOhfw5X6P5lkWn 1001 Heroes, Legends, Histories & Mysteries at Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/6rO7HELtRcGfV48UeP8aFQ 1001 Sherlock Holmes Stories & The Best of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle at Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/4dIgYvBwZVTN5ewF0JPaTK 1001 Ghost Stories & Tales of the Macabre on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5P4hV28LgpG89dRNMfSDKJ 1001 Stories for the Road on Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/6FhlsxYFTGNPiSMYxM9O9K 1001 Greatest Love Stories on Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/5sUUFDVTatnGt7FiNQvSHe 1001 History's Best Storytellers: (INTERVIEWS) on Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/3QyZ1u4f9OLb9O32KX6Ghr APPLE USERS New! 1001 Tales of Escape and Suspense at Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-tales-of-escape-and-suspense/id1689248043 Catch 1001 Stories From The Old West- https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-stories-from-the-old-west/id1613213865 Catch 1001's Best of Jack London- https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-best-of-jack-london/id1656939169 Catch 1001 Radio Crime Solvers- https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-radio-crime-solvers/id1657397371 Catch 1001 Heroes on Apple https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-heroes-legends-histories-mysteries-podcast/id956154836?mt=2  Catch 1001 Classic Short Stories at Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-classic-short-stories-tales/id1078098622 Catch 1001 Stories for the Road at Apple Podcast now:  https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-stories-for-the-road/id1227478901 NEW Enjoy 1001 Greatest Love Stories on Apple Devices here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-greatest-love-stories/id1485751552 Catch 1001 RADIO DAYS now at Apple iTunes!  https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-radio-days/id1405045413?mt=2 NEW 1001 Ghost Stories & Tales of the Macabre is now playing at Apple Podcasts! https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-ghost-stories-tales-of-the-macabre/id1516332327 NEW Enjoy 1001 History's Best Storytellers (Interviews) on Apple Devices here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-historys-best-storytellers/id1483649026 NEW Enjoy 1001 Sherlock Holmes Stories and The Best of Arthur Conan Doyle https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1001-sherlock-holmes-stories-best-sir-arthur-conan/id1534427618 Get all of our shows at one website: https://.1001storiespodcast.com My email works as well for comments: 1001storiespodcast@gmail.com SUPPORT OUR SHOW BY BECOMING A PATRON! https://.patreon.com/1001storiesnetwork. Its time I started asking for support! Thank you. Its a few dollars a month OR a one time. (Any amount is appreciated). YOUR REVIEWS ARE NEEDED AND APPRECIATED! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Concordians were very aware of the questions that would arise when confessing the truth of the Church and the Sacraments such as: “How do we view faith with the Sacraments?” and “Who should preach, teach, and administer the Sacraments?” As they taught the truth of God's Word the focus faith takes off the promises of the world and puts on the promises of Christ. The Lord calls qualified men (I Timothy 3) to be our overseers (Acts 20:28) and give the gifts of Christ to sinners. “Send, O Lord, Your Holy Spirit. On Your servant now, we pray; Let him prove a faithful shepherd. That no lamb be led astray. Your pure teaching to proclaim, To extol Your holy name, And to feed Your lambs, dear Savior, Make his aim and sole endeavor.” LSB #681, st. 1. Rev. Stewart Crown, pastor of Trinity Lutheran Church in Palo Alto, CA, joins Rev. Brady Finnern to confess the truth of the use of Sacraments and Order in the Church. Find your copy of the Book of Concord - Concordia Reader's Edition at cph.org or read online at bookofconcord.org. Study the Lutheran Confession of Faith found in the Book of Concord with lively discussions led by host Rev. Brady Finnern, President of the LCMS Minnesota North District, and guest LCMS pastors. Join us as these Christ-confessing Concordians read through and discuss our Lutheran doctrine in the Book of Concord in order to gain a deeper understanding of our Lutheran faith and practical application for our vocations.

Elizabeth Gurley Flynn - The Rebel Girl Continues to Educate, Incite and InspireAppropo of the current moment in our country, New Hampshire is currently embroiled in a legal battle at the intersection of history, free speech, labor law, and women's rights. Earlier in the year the state's department of historic resources approved and erected a historical marker recognizing the birthplace of Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, known as the "Rebel Girl" who was born in Concord in 1890. Guests Arnie Alpert and Mary Lee Sargent, who have filed suit to restore the marker to its agreed location in Concord along with Attorney Andru Volinsky who is representing them against the state, join host Wayne King in this episode.

This week we say goodbye to our history as our former high school retires the mascot, Thickness insults a deli employee, and desert life is exposed. Join us!

ELITE 8 through CHAMPIONSHIP! For weeks, we have debated what is the best summer blockbuster of all time. We took the highest grossing *summer* movie of every year from 1980-2019 (plus Jaws and Star Wars), and we had them battle to the death until only one remains! Damn! We re-watched over 40 movies. We gave them all consideration. We debated historical and cultural importance, what was the better "movie", what made the most money, and we set up dozens of head-to-head battles that all come down to this episode. Which will stand victorious?? Please like and subscribe to keep up with our bracket!*** Find all of our Socials at: https://linktr.ee/theloveofcinema. 
Our phone number is 646-484-9298, it accepts texts or voice messages. 0:00 Intro/Grips; 4:22 ELITE 8; 50:51 CHAMPIONSHIP; 1:03:16 Whatchu Been Watching? Cast/Crew: Jaws, Steven Spielberg, John Williams, Hans Zimmer, Heath Ledger, Harrison Ford, Mark Hamill, Carey Fisher, Alec Guinness, Robert Shaw, James Cameron, Arnold Schwarzenegger, John Conner, Elton John, Tim Rice, Will Smith, Roland Emmerich, George Lucas. Additional Tags: Disney, Pixar, WB, DCEU, DC, Iron Man, Batman Begins, Quantum of Solace, Disney, Warner Bros, Chinatown, Australia, Melbourne, Queensland, The Philippines, Writer's Strike, WGA, Adelaide, Spotify, residuals,  Apple+, Apple TV, Netflix, Amazon Prime, TikTok, Twitch, Concord, NC, New Jersey, Method Acting, Jeremy Strong, Brando, Pacino, Dustin Hoffman, Summer Movies, Star Wars, E.T., Jaws, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Return of the Jedi, The Empire Strikes Back, ILM, 

Season 3 Episode 20 : NH Missing & Murdered Rally In this episode of Invisible Tears you are hearing the live and unedited remarks from the podium at the New Hampshire Missing and Murdered event that took place on Tuesday August 15th in Concord, NH at the Attorney Generals' Office. Your going to be able to hear from all of the advocates that spoke from the NH Coalition of Families for the Missing and Murdered who organized the event, as well as other families who came to join in the support and advocate themselves. During a portion of the remarks you will even hear from Myles Matteson from the Attorney Generals Office. The visuals are available on our YouTube channel Invisible Tears Podcast Follow or Visit Invisible Tears everywhere at: https://linktr.ee/invisibletearspodcast Also Visit/Follow Guided Path Wellness everywhere at: https://linktr.ee/guidedpathwellness  Video/Photo Credits: Aubriana McMahon & Crawlspace Media   Music Credits dreamy-piano-soft-sound-ambient-background-4049 Music by WinkingFoxMusic from Pixabay Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Jesus tells us why he came, “I have not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance (Luke 5:32).” Repentance needs to have a good understanding of “Worldly sorrow” vs. “Godly sorrow.” Am I sorry that I got caught or am I sorry that I broke God's commands? The life of the Christian is repentance, that is, sorrow for our sin and assurance of His forgiveness in Christ. When Jesus says repent, he intended that the entire life of believer should be repentance. Our contrition, by Holy Spirit, occurs with the assurance that Christ has paid the price and He leads us to good works (Galatians 5:22-23). “I look to Christ upon the tree, His body broken there for me; I lay before Him all my sin, my darkest secrets from within” LSB #616. St. 2 Rev. Dr. Matthew Richard, pastor of St. Paul Lutheran Church in Minot, ND joins Rev. Brady Finnern to confess the truth of Repentance. Find your copy of the Book of Concord - Concordia Reader's Edition at cph.org or read online at bookofconcord.org. Study the Lutheran Confession of Faith found in the Book of Concord with lively discussions led by host Rev. Brady Finnern, President of the LCMS Minnesota North District, and guest LCMS pastors. Join us as these Christ-confessing Concordians read through and discuss our Lutheran doctrine in the Book of Concord in order to gain a deeper understanding of our Lutheran faith and practical application for our vocations.

Original Air Date: April 22, 1946Host: Andrew RhynesShow: The Lone RangerPhone: (707) 98 OTRDW (6-8739) Stars:• Earle Graser (Lone Ranger)• John Todd (Tonto) Writer:• Fran Striker Producer:• George W. Trendle Music:• Ben Bonnell Exit music from: Roundup on the Prairie by Aaron Kenny https://bit.ly/3kTj0kK

Original Air Date: April 22, 1946Host: Andrew RhynesShow: The Lone RangerPhone: (707) 98 OTRDW (6-8739) Stars:• Earle Graser (Lone Ranger)• John Todd (Tonto) Writer:• Fran Striker Producer:• George W. Trendle Music:• Ben Bonnell Exit music from: Roundup on the Prairie by Aaron Kenny https://bit.ly/3kTj0kK

All In The Family. In this episode, we discuss marriage, vocation, and cute theology of the cross. How can Luther's teaching and preaching on marriage and vocation help Christians at present waist the temptations of the world and Satan, which pervert and disrupt God's will for marriage? What does baptism have to do with marriage? How does Luther's formulation of marriage and family help Christians comprehend their relation to society and the state? SHOW NOTES:  Support Lahaina https://linktr.ee/kanoepach Luther on Marriage, Vocation, and the Cross JAMES ARNE NESTINGEN https://wordandworld.luthersem.edu/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/23-1_Defining_Marriage/Luther%20on%20Marriage,%20Vocation,%20and%20the%20Cross.pdf Son of War https://spotterup.com/son-of-war/ The Case Against Conscription https://dougwils.com/books-and-culture/s7-engaging-the-culture/the-case-against-conscription.html Sources and Contexts of the Book of Concord https://amzn.to/45aS7gt  Jesus Weeps, in Anger? https://www.1517.org/articles/jesus-weeps-in-anger Luther on Marriage by SCOTT HENDRIX https://gudribassakums.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/2000-luther-marriage-hendrix.pdf   SUPPORT: 1517 Podcast Network Survey https://form.typeform.com/to/PFVYubFp  Support the Podcast Network Fundraiser http://www.1517.org/donate-podcasts 1517 Podcasts http://www.1517.org/podcasts The 1517 Podcast Network on Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/us/channel/1517-podcast-network/id6442751370 1517 on Youtube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChDdMiZJv8oYMJQQx2vHSzg   What's New from 1517: Join the 1517 Academy https://academy.1517.org/  Freedom Lessons Street Team https://learn.1517.org/join-the-freedom-lessons-street-team  The New Quest for Paul and His Reading of the Old Testament by Timo Laato https://shop.1517.org/products/the-new-quest-for-paul-and-his-reading-of-the-old-testament-the-contrast-between-the-letter-the-spirit-in-2-corinthians-3-1-18 Finding God in the Darkness: Hopeful Reflections from the Pits of Depression, Despair, and Disappointment by Bradley Gray https://shop.1517.org/products/finding-god-in-the-darkness-hopeful-reflections-from-the-pits-of-depression-despair-and-disappointment   More from the hosts: Donovan Riley https://www.1517.org/contributors/donavon-riley  Christopher Gillespie https://www.1517.org/contributors/christopher-gillespie   MORE LINKS: Tin Foil Haloes https://t.me/bannedpastors Warrior Priest Gym & Podcast https://thewarriorpriestpodcast.wordpress.com   St John's Lutheran Church (Webster, MN) - FB Live Bible Study Group https://www.facebook.com/groups/356667039608511  Gillespie's Sermons and Catechesis: http://youtube.com/stjohnrandomlake  Gillespie Coffee https://gillespie.coffee   Gillespie Media https://gillespie.media     CONTACT and FOLLOW: Email mailto:BannedBooks@1517.org  Facebook https://www.facebook.com/BannedBooksPod/  Twitter https://twitter.com/bannedbooks1517   SUBSCRIBE: YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsvLQ5rlaInxLO9luAauF4A  Rumble https://rumble.com/c/c-1223313  Odysee https://odysee.com/@bannedbooks:5 Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/banned-books/id1370993639  Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/2ahA20sZMpBxg9vgiRVQba  Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=214298  Overcast https://overcast.fm/itunes1370993639/banned-books  Google Podcasts https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYW5uZWRib29rcy5saWJzeW4uY29tL3Jzcw TuneIn Radio https://tunein.com/podcasts/Religion--Spirituality-Podcasts/Banned-Books-p1216972/  iHeartRadio https://www.iheart.com/podcast/263-banned-books-29825974/ 

CONTENT Our guest today is Ryan Yates a former soldier from 4/73 (Sphinx) Special OP Battery the British Army's Long Range surveillance and patrols unit.  On this pod we discuss Ryan's time in the military from passing the STA patrol's selection course in time for his 18th birthday to completing two tours of Afghanistan and his post military career as a security contractor working in hostile environments.  Ryan also talks about how his own struggles with PTSD led him to create Veterans' Army to assist former service people by providing a resource for veterans all over the UK.  It is also place where they can learn about life after service and how to navigate through it in a positive manner.  Ryan also tells us how he provides much-needed aid to war-torn Ukraine. From delivering vital body armour and medical supplies to navigating the complexities of a conflict zone.  The Veterans' Army website is here.  DESERT ISLAND DITS BOOK CHOICES You can buy this week's book recommendations via the Unconventional Soldier Bookshop.  10% of each purchase supports the pod and helps independent book stores on line sales.  The teams choices were Concord by Mike Bannister and Jungle Soldier by Brian Moynihan.  Our guest's choice of book was Beau Geste by PC Wren. SOCIAL MEDIA Check out our blog site on Wordpress Unconventional Soldier Follow us on social media and don't forget to like, share and leave a review. Instagram @the_unconventional_soldier_pod. Facebook @lateo82.  Twitter @TheUCS473. Download these and other platforms via Link Tree. Email us: unconventionalsoldier@gmail.com.  This episode brought to you in association with ISARR a veteran owned company.

Round 2 and SWEET 16! We debate what are the top 16 summer blockbusters of all time. ***The boys continue their Summer Blockbuster Face-Off, the challenge to determine once and for all what the greatest summer blockbuster of all time! We take the highest grossing *summer* movie of every year from 1980-2019 (plus Jaws and Star Wars), and we have them battle to the death until only one remains! Damn! Please like and subscribe to keep up with our bracket!*** Find all of our Socials at: https://linktr.ee/theloveofcinema. 
Our phone number is 646-484-9298, it accepts texts or voice messages. 0:00 Intro; 7:30 Mini Round of 21; 37:21 Sweet 16; 1:18:30 Whatchu Been Watching? Cast/Crew: Ellen Degeneres, Albert Brooks, Idris Elba, Ed O'Neill, Ty Burrell, Sigourney Weaver, Gal Godot, Chris Pine, David Thewlis, Craig T. Nelson, Holly Hunter, Catherine Keener, Bob Odenkirk, Samuel L. Jackson, Brad Bird, Jon Favreau, Seth Rogen, Donald Glover, Beyoncé, Chiwetel Ejiofor, John Oliver, James Earl Jones, John Kani, Alfre Woodard, Keegan-Michael Key, Eric André, Billy Eichner   Additional Tags: Disney, Pixar, WB, DCEU, DC, Iron Man, Batman Begins, Quantum of Solace, Disney, Warner Bros, Chinatown, Australia, Melbourne, Queensland, The Philippines, Writer's Strike, WGA, Adelaide, Spotify, residuals,  Apple+, Apple TV, Netflix, Amazon Prime, TikTok, Twitch, Concord, NC, New Jersey, Method Acting, Jeremy Strong, Brando, Pacino, Dustin Hoffman, Summer Movies, Star Wars, E.T., Jaws, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Return of the Jedi, The Empire Strikes Back, ILM, 

In this episode we tell the story of the Battles of Lexington and Concord.  Support the show

"Private absolution should be retained in the churches”, the Concordians confess.  Yet, for various reasons the practice has been largely absent from most Lutheran congregations.  We want to follow the Lord's command to forgive and retain sins (John 20 & Matthew 16), but confession should not be a source of more guilt and shame.  Confession/absolution give the benefits of Christ's cross to the sinner which should not have more rules added to it.  The pastor cares for souls by rightly applying Law & Gospel through the office of the keys for repentance and the free forgiveness as from Christ Himself.  Go to confession and receive His blessed forgiveness.   “Baptismal waters cover me, As I approach on bended knee; My Father's mercy here I plead, for grievous sins of thought and deed.”  LSB #616, st 1.  Rev. Dr. Joshua Miller, pastor of Jehovah Lutheran Church in St. Paul, MN joins Rev. Brady Finnern to confess the truth of Confession. Find your copy of the Book of Concord - Concordia Reader's Edition at cph.org or read online at bookofconcord.org. Study the Lutheran Confession of Faith found in the Book of Concord with lively discussions led by host Rev. Brady Finnern, President of the LCMS Minnesota North District, and guest LCMS pastors. Join us as these Christ-confessing Concordians read through and discuss our Lutheran doctrine in the Book of Concord in order to gain a deeper understanding of our Lutheran faith and practical application for our vocations.

Director de A&R de Concord Music Publishing y Billboard Latin Power Player, Pablo Ahogado, contesta las siguientes preguntas: 1. ¿Qué es un A&R? 2. ¿Qué es Concord? 3. ¿Cómo los A&R descubren nuevos artistas/compositores y cómo deciden si firmarlos? 4. ¿Qué tipo de música y artistas/compositores busca Concord para su catálogo? 5. ¿Qué habilidades crees que son importantes para tener éxito como A&R en la industria musical? 6. ¿Qué tipo de servicios ofrece Concord a los artistas/compositores? 7. ¿Cómo trabajas con los artistas/compositores que has firmado para desarrollar su carrera y aumentar su alcance? 8. ¿Cuáles son algunos de los mayores éxitos que has tenido como A&R en Concord? 9. ¿Cómo crees que ha cambiado el proceso de descubrimiento y firma de artistas en los últimos años con la evolución de la tecnología? 10. ¿Qué consejos le darías a un artista/compositor que busca ser firmado por una compañía importante como Concord? Desarrolla tus habilidades y conocimiento en el negocio de la música con cursos prácticos, interactivos, y divertidos: https://bit.ly/seedyt

Lahaina // The Story of Taco Tuesday // Lahaina / Toilet Snake // Return of the Concord / Back to School Thrifting

Summer Blockbuster Face-Off Week 10, Final week of Round One! Finding Dory (2016) vs. Wonder Woman (2017), then The Incredibles 2 (2018) vs. The Lion King (2019). Only two can advance! The boys continue their Summer Blockbuster Face-Off, the challenge to determine once and for all what the greatest summer blockbuster of all time! We take the highest grossing *summer* movie of every year from 1980-2019 (plus Jaws and Star Wars), and we have them battle to the death until only one remains! Damn! Please like and subscribe to keep up with our bracket!  Find all of our Socials at: https://linktr.ee/theloveofcinema. 
Our phone number is 646-484-9298, it accepts texts or voice messages. 0:00 Intro; 7:32 Finding Dory vs. Wonder Woman; 57:43 Incredibles 2 vs. The new Lion King; 01:53:54 What You Been Watching? Cast/Crew: Ellen Degeneres, Albert Brooks, Idris Elba, Ed O'Neill, Ty Burrell, Sigourney Weaver, Gal Godot, Chris Pine, David Thewlis, Craig T. Nelson, Holly Hunter, Catherine Keener, Bob Odenkirk, Samuel L. Jackson, Brad Bird, Jon Favreau, Seth Rogen, Donald Glover, Beyoncé, Chiwetel Ejiofor, John Oliver, James Earl Jones, John Kani, Alfre Woodard, Keegan-Michael Key, Eric André, Billy Eichner   Additional Tags: Disney, Pixar, WB, DCEU, DC, Iron Man, Batman Begins, Quantum of Solace, Disney, Warner Bros, Chinatown, Australia, Melbourne, Queensland, The Philippines, Writer's Strike, WGA, Adelaide, Spotify, residuals,  Apple+, Apple TV, Netflix, Amazon Prime, TikTok, Twitch, Concord, NC, New Jersey, Method Acting, Jeremy Strong, Brando, Pacino, Dustin Hoffman, Summer Movies, Star Wars, E.T., Jaws, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Return of the Jedi, The Empire Strikes Back, ILM, 

You Are There - Lexington Concord And Merriams Corner

Sarah had a fun evening with oysters and Vinnie went to a concert in Concord!

Jesus' words are simple with eternal implications.  The mystery of His real presence points us back to Christ's cross and the benefits of we receive today in the body and blood.  Instead of looking within ourselves to find comfort, we cling to the plain words of Christ to receive what He promises: forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation (Matthew 26:28).  “What is this bread?  Christ's body risen from the dead; This bread we break, This life we take, was crushed to pay for our release.  O taste and see---the Lord is peace.”  LSB #629, st. 1 Rev. Dennis McFadden, pastor of Emmanuel Lutheran Church in Fort Wayne, IN joins Rev. Brady Finnern to confess the truth of the Lord's Supper.  Find your copy of the Book of Concord - Concordia Reader's Edition at cph.org or read online at bookofconcord.org. Study the Lutheran Confession of Faith found in the Book of Concord with lively discussions led by host Rev. Brady Finnern, President of the LCMS Minnesota North District, and guest LCMS pastors. Join us as these Christ-confessing Concordians read through and discuss our Lutheran doctrine in the Book of Concord in order to gain a deeper understanding of our Lutheran faith and practical application for our vocations.

Barry and Abigail discuss We Sing. We Dance. We Steal Things. by Jason Mraz and sample Lucky Strikes, Echoes of Sacrificial Voices, and Basking In the Glow from Petty Thieves Brewing Co. in Charlotte, North Carolina. We want to thank Barry's college and medical school colleague, Dr. Michael McCrohan, for helping us obtain this fabulous beer, and for his “contribution to the arts.” Lucky Strikes is a collaboration with Cabarrus Brewing Co in Concord, North Carolina. The names of the beers we sampled today reminded Abigail of the names of the beers we sampled at Burial Beer Company in Asheville, North Carolina: Prophetmaker, A Canvas of Fragmented Memoirs, A Space For Sacrilege, and Of A Fading Season. Listen to our full episode at Burial, Consumers of the Barley (The Raconteurs and Burial Beer Co.). We make a lot of comparisons to Andy Grammer by Andy Grammer, which we reviewed in our episode Mind Your Grammer (Andy Grammer and Deadwords Brewing). Watch one of the TikToks Abigail referenced poking fun at artists including “raw audio” in their songs. Your Love is My Drug by Kesha is a great example of this phenomenon. Lucky features Colbie Caillat, whose song I Do appears on our family playlist of favorite love songs from 2011. Abigail's choice on that playlist was The Bird and the Worm by Owl City, and Barry's was Maybe I'm Amazed by Paul McCartney. Abigail contends that Butterfly is no more explicit than Swimming In Your Ocean by Crash Test Dummies. Listen to our full discussion of Crash Test Dummies, Pops Shuffled His Feet (Crash Test Dummies and Toll Road Brewing). Details in the Fabric features James Morrison. We shared a little bit of his song Under the Influence. Up next… Four by Blues Traveler Jingles are by our friend Pete Coe. Visit Anosmia Awareness for more information on Barry's condition. Follow Barry or Abigail on Untappd to see what we're drinking when we're not on mic! Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | YouTube | Website | Email us | Virtual Jukebox --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/pops-on-hops-podcast/message