Podcast appearances and mentions of Thomas Paine

You might be surprised to learn that Mickey Mouse is not held in high esteem by The Smithsonian. There’s one museum exhibit that describes Steamboat Willie as a vestige of long-standing traditions of a blackface minstrel show. That revelation came during a congressional hearing with Anthea Hartig, the director of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History. Mickey Mouse is racist? Now, that’s just goofy. Turns out the Smithsonian has all sorts of woke exhibits and ideology. Did you know that being polite is a form of white supremacy? Or that you can purchase a children’s story book that includes pictures of two boys lusting after each other? They also share Latino Power merchandise. To illustrate the absurdity – imagine the outrage if they sold White Power merch. What’s puzzling is why you can purchase gay-themed books at the Smithsonian gift shop – but you can’t purchase a copy of the two books that most influenced the Founding Fathers – the Holy Bible and Thomas Paine’s Common Sense. How ironic that you can’t find common sense in The Smithsonian museums. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A series of 16 influential political pamphlets published between 1776 and 1783 during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) titled The American Crisis, or simply The Crisis, by eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher and author Thomas Paine — an Englishman living in the colonies who signed his essays anonymously as "Common Sense," the title of his earlier influential work. Each essay, bolstered the morale of the American colonists to fight hard for their independence, appealed to the English to support the colonist's cause, clarified the issues at stake, and denounced any type of negotiated peace. The essays were gathered into one volume in 1882, showcasing the iconic opening line: "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman." The American Crisis by Thomas Paine at https://amzn.to/4dKKClU Common Sense by Thomas Paine (book) available at https://amzn.to/3MKX77b Writings of Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/3MCaFC2 Books about Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/4s3qxOg ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you). Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM Audio credits: The American Crisis by Thomas Paine (a LibriVox production read by volunteers and coordinated by Michele Fry, 2014). See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We've all heard of Thomas Paine and think of him as instrumental in the founding of this country, but did you know he may well have been the most critical man alive at the time in fostering and shaping American independence? And what did he get for his efforts and fortitude? Listen and learn as George Ford Smith adds something of real value on the one and only semiquincentennial of our once great country. Find George Ford Smith's work: ⁠⁠Mises.org profile⁠ Article Discussed: ⁠https://mises.org/mises-daily/thomas-paine-libertys-hated-torchbearer⁠ Exclusive Content and Ways to Support: Support me on Substack for ad-free content, bonus material, personal chatting and more!  ⁠⁠https://substack.com/@monicaperezshow⁠⁠ Become a PREMIUM SUBSCRIBER on Apple Podcasts for AD FREE episodes and exclusive content! True Hemp Science:  ⁠⁠https://truehempscience.com/⁠⁠ PROMO CODE: MONICA Find, Follow, Subscribe & Rate on your favorite podcasting platform AND for video and social & more... Website: ⁠⁠https://monicaperezshow.com/⁠⁠ Substack: ⁠⁠https://substack.com/@monicaperezshow⁠⁠ Rumble: ⁠⁠https://rumble.com/user/monicaperezshow⁠⁠ Youtube: ⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/c/MonicaPerez⁠⁠ Twitter/X: @monicaperezshow Instagram: @monicaperezshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A series of 16 influential political pamphlets published between 1776 and 1783 during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) titled The American Crisis, or simply The Crisis, by eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher and author Thomas Paine — an Englishman living in the colonies who signed his essays anonymously as "Common Sense," the title of his earlier influential work. Each essay, bolstered the morale of the American colonists to fight hard for their independence, appealed to the English to support the colonist's cause, clarified the issues at stake, and denounced any type of negotiated peace. The essays were gathered into one volume in 1882, showcasing the iconic opening line: "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman." The American Crisis by Thomas Paine at https://amzn.to/4dKKClU Common Sense by Thomas Paine (book) available at https://amzn.to/3MKX77b Writings of Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/3MCaFC2 Books about Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/4s3qxOg ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you). Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM Audio credits: The American Crisis by Thomas Paine (a LibriVox production read by volunteers and coordinated by Michele Fry, 2014). See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Declaration of Independence turns 250 this year, and most Americans have never heard the full story of how it came to exist. Historian Dan Miller joins Chris Spangle to trace the forgotten gestational period of American democracy, from the Continental Association's economic boycott in 1774 to the moment communities across the 13 colonies first heard the Declaration read aloud in July 1776. Miller, founder of Historical Solutions and author of the weekly Americanism Redux series, argues the Declaration is best understood not as a groundbreaking document but as a catch-up document, one scrambling to match the cultural blast pattern Thomas Paine created with "Common Sense" six months earlier. He also makes the case that the most important section of the Declaration is not the philosophical preamble or the list of grievances, but the signatures, which did not yet exist when the document was first published. The conversation covers the role of women in the colonial boycott, Abraham Lincoln's discovery of consent as the core American principle, and why Lincoln located the birth of the union in September 1774, not July 1776. Miller also previews a forthcoming episode on George Washington's four pivotal goodbyes and what they reveal about leadership. Dan Miller is the founder of Historical Solutions in Indianapolis. His weekly column, Americanism Redux, is available at historicalsolutions.com. Remnant Trust Event:

Trenton on Christmas Night #RTTBROS #Nightlight #America250 #USA250 #Nation250“It is of the LORD's mercies that we are not consumed, because his compassions fail not. They are new every morning: great is thy faithfulness.” — Lamentations 3:22-23 THE STORYOn Christmas night, 1776, everything was about to end. The Continental Army had been retreating for months. New York had fallen. New Jersey had fallen. Philadelphia was threatened. Men were deserting by the hundreds, their enlistments expiring, their feet leaving bloody prints in the snow. Washington's army had shrunk from twenty thousand men to fewer than three thousand. Thomas Paine, writing by firelight as he marched with the army, produced the lines that named the moment: "These are the times that try men's souls"Washington decided to attack. The plan was to cross the ice-choked Delaware River on Christmas night, march nine miles to Trenton in the dark and cold, and surprise the Hessian garrison before dawn. It was the kind of plan that only a desperate man would attempt, and Washington was desperate in exactly the right way: desperate enough to trust God with what human calculation could not support. The crossing was brutal. The river was full of ice. The boats were inadequate. It took far longer than planned, and the column did not reach Trenton until well after dawn. But something remarkable had happened in the Hessian camp. Their commander, Colonel Rall, had received a note during a Christmas celebration warning him that the Americans were coming. He had put the note in his pocket without reading it. He was still in bed when Washington's men came over the walls.THE REFLECTIONNine hundred Hessians were captured. Not a single American was killed in the battle. Washington wrote to Congress afterward: "Providence seems to have smiled on every part of this enterprise". Lamentations 3:22-23 was written by Jeremiah in the rubble of Jerusalem. The city had fallen. The temple was destroyed. Everything he had loved was gone. And in the middle of the ash and the grief, he found something that had not failed: the mercies of God were new every morning. His faithfulness was great. Washington's army experienced that verse on Christmas night, 1776. They crossed an impossible river in the dark and cold, arrived late and found their enemy asleep, and won a victory that had no human explanation beyond the one Washington offered: Providence had smiled on every part of it. Colonel Rall's unread note is one of the most extraordinary details in American military history. A warning that could have prevented the battle sat in a dead man's pocket because God had other plans. The timing of the crossing, the ice, the delay, the darkness, the note that was never read, none of it was coincidental. It was morning mercy arriving in the form of a frozen river crossing on the night after Christmas. The mercies of God are new every morning. Even the mornings when you have been retreating for months. Even the mornings when your men are bleeding through their boots. Even the mornings when everything says stop, and faith says cross. Cross the river. The mercies are waiting on the other side.Buy your copy of The Summer Of The Patriot 90 Days Of Faith and Freedom https://a.co/d/00gLtWNI

Episode 4179 │ July 12, 2026 The founders didn't cite chapter and verse on the Declaration because everyone already knew it. Their signatures were the closing prayer. Their amen. WHAT THIS EPISODE COVERS  Scott Kesterson and Brad Cummings open with what two secular historians — men who spent fifty years becoming subject matter experts in the Revolutionary period — identified the two most understated truths of the founding: the transformed character of the leaders who inspired everyone around them to follow, and the people themselves who, having once tasted the dignity of self-governance, were never going to give it back. The conversation moves through Benjamin Franklin as the most misrepresented figure of the era — not a secular deist but a man who believed more deeply in the God-given potential of humanity than almost anyone of his generation — and Thomas Paine as the street-level genius Franklin saw a diamond in, whose Quaker roots and Adams' Calvinist convictions produced a theological clash that was never about party but about getting it right for the people. The episode closes on Revelation 21, the unnamed boy's lunch in John 6, and the question Brad presses on every listener: do you know who you are, what God has placed in you, and why He has allowed you to be on the earth at this exact moment in history — because the baton handed by the founders is now in your hands, and you have a leg of this race to run. KEY QUESTIONS ADDRESSED  What did secular historians — non-believers who spent decades as subject matter experts in the Revolutionary period — identify as the two most understated truths of the American founding, and why does their answer from outside the faith tradition carry particular weight? Why does Brad argue that Benjamin Franklin was not a secular deist but perhaps the man in his generation who most believed in what God had invested in human beings — and what does Franklin's decision to write Thomas Paine a letter of introduction reveal about how God uses one person's belief in another to change the course of history? What does Revelation 21's declaration — behold, the tabernacle of God is among men — have to do with the boy's lunch in John 6, the founders' signatures as their closing prayer, and the question of whether you know who you are well enough to offer what you have to the One who can make it sufficient? ABOUT BARDSFM BardsFM is a daily independent podcast covering faith, liberty, history, and information warfare. Hosted by Scott Kesterson — combat veteran, documentary filmmaker, and rancher. Over 4,100 episodes and 50 million lifetime downloads. New episodes every weekday. bards.fm This episode was researched and produced under the Spatial Terra Intelligence Methodology (STIM v5) — the analytical framework built by Scott Kesterson — with AI-assisted research synthesis at a 70/30 human/AI authorship ratio, fully disclosed. All analysis, conclusions, and editorial judgments are those of Scott Kesterson. BardsFM's archive includes hundreds of episodes on prayer, scripture, and walking the Way of Christ — available free in the full episode catalog. AFFILIATE LINKS Bards Nation Health Store: www.bardsnationhealth.com MYPillow promo code: BARDS >> Go to https://www.mypillow.com/bards and use the promo code BARDS or... Call 1-800-975-2939.  EMPShield protect your vehicles and home. Promo code BARDS: Click here Treadlite Broadforks...best garden tool EVER. Promo code BARDS26: TreadliteBroadforks.com EnviroKlenz Air Purification, promo code BARDS to save 10%: www.enviroklenz.com Morning Intro Music Provided by Brian Kahanek: www.briankahanek.com Founders Bible 20% discount code: BARDS >>> TheFoundersBible.com Windblown Media 20% Discount with promo code BARDS: windblownmedia.com White Oak Pastures Grassfed Meats, Get $20 off any order $150 or more. Promo Code BARDS: www.whiteoakpastures.com/BARDS Mission Darkness Faraday Bags and RF Shielding. Promo code BARDS: Click here DONATIONS: If you wish to support this podcast directly you can donate here... DONATE: Click here MAILING ADDRESS: Xpedition Cafe, LLC Attn. Scott Kesterson 591 E Central Ave, #740 Sutherlin, OR  97479

NYC Mayor Mamdani sat down on the wrong side of George Washington's desk on July 3rd, squinting into a teleprompter, and turned America's 250th birthday into a 15-minute grievance list. Justin and Jesse go through the whole speech live — the "masked agents stealing your neighbors away in unmarked vans" line, the wealth redistribution language, the claim that American exceptionalism belongs to those who demand more from the government, the Thomas Paine quote (that one gets unpacked in full, and it matters), and the "love it or leave it is actually wrong" closer that somehow ends with no answer to the question of what you're supposed to do instead. They also cover July 9, 1776 — when Washington actually read the Declaration to his troops in City Hall Park — and preview next week's contrast episode using a historical speech from the founding era. If you've ever watched a politician quote Thomas Paine to a room of newly naturalized citizens while sitting backward at the Founding Father's desk and wondering if he knows what any of this means, this episode is your catharsis. LINKS Visit carpefide.com and check out our BRAND NEW SITE, hunt for our Easter Egg to win a sticker! Use code CARPE FIDE for 10% off your book purchase at Mud Hen Mama's main site Check out the discounted Men's and Women's bundles for our listeners at Old Forge Press We have RELAUNCHED our store! New shirts, colorways, and shipping options are YOURS for the taking (well, buying really, but you know what I'm talking about...) Head to carpefide.com/shop today to grab your new gear! Visit offgridwarehouse.com and use code CF10 for 10% off your offgrid order!! LIKE, SUBSCRIBE, REVIEW! This year we're making an effort to grow our podcast without being cringey. That said, some cringe must happen, and that's happening now. Please head over to iTunes to leave a rating and a comment, subscribe to us on YouTube, and follow us on all the socials to keep up to date, and most of all, leave us some feedback and dialogue with us. You can also drop us a line at hello@carpefide.com

In celebrating the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, we remember names like Jefferson and Washington. Unfortunately, the man probably most responsible for push this nation to independence, Thomas Paine, is mostly forgotten.Original article: https://mises.org/mises-wire/no-paine-no-declaration

In celebrating the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, we remember names like Jefferson and Washington. Unfortunately, the man probably most responsible for push this nation to independence, Thomas Paine, is mostly forgotten.Original article: https://mises.org/mises-wire/no-paine-no-declaration

This is my Declaration, on the 250th anniversary of the signing of the American Declaration of Independence, that by the standards set forth in that document, our government has forfeited its legitimacy.You can watch the video here, and read the full document here.If you would like to add your signature to the Declaration of A Better Way, please send me your full name and I will add it to the document.Read: Common Sense, by Thomas Paine:https://thomaspaine.org/major-works/common-sense/Read: The Declaration of Independence:https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcriptRead: The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke:https://www.gutenberg.org/files/7370/7370-h/7370-h.htmExplore: The Better Way Principles:https://www.worldcouncilforhealth.org/better-way-principles/

Episode 4170 │ July 5, 2026 You are an heir and owner of everything. The entire Babylonian system depends on you never believing it. Brad Cummings explains why it's true. WHAT THIS EPISODE COVERS Scott Kesterson and Brad Cummings open the day after the 250th with the question underneath everything the founding week examined — not whether the republic can be saved, but whether the people of God understand who they actually are — tracing the pathway to sonship through the three feasts of Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles as a life process rather than a checklist, and connecting Galatians 4's legal concept of adoption — not orphan rescue but a son come of legal age to operate the estate — to the founding generation's own self-understanding as spiritual Israel appealing to the courts of heaven in the final paragraph of the Declaration of Independence. Brad maps the Quaker thread through William Penn, Thomas Paine, and the first abolitionist movement in Pennsylvania as the seed of the nation's deepest virtues — a people who would not speak until they heard God's voice, who saw peacemaking not as pacifism but as the sword of love wielded by sons of God — and closes with the covenant framework from Deuteronomy 28 and Leviticus 26 that explains exactly why God allows tyranny over His people when they forsake the covenant, and the only path back: not political rebellion without repentance, but national humiliation before God — prayer, fasting, and the acknowledgment that we have given away our birthright. The episode closes with Brad's prayer that God would open the ear of every disciple pursuing Him — and that the nation would be restored to its original assigned purpose. KEY QUESTIONS ADDRESSED  What is the legal meaning of adoption in Galatians 4 — and why does understanding yourself as a son come of legal age to operate the Father's estate, rather than an orphan rescued by God, completely reframe your identity, your authority, and your relationship to the systems trying to convince you that you own nothing? What is the Quaker thread running through William Penn, Thomas Paine, Pennsylvania's first abolitionist movement, and the founding of the republic — and why did the nation that practiced the most voluntary, Spirit-led self-government produce more fruit than every European monarchy watching it fail? What is the covenant framework from Deuteronomy 28 and Leviticus 26 — and why does Brad argue that political rebellion without national repentance and humiliation before God not only fails, but makes the tyranny worse? ABOUT BARDSFM BardsFM is a daily independent podcast covering faith, liberty, history, and information warfare. Hosted by Scott Kesterson — combat veteran, documentary filmmaker, and rancher. Over 4,100 episodes and 50 million lifetime downloads. New episodes every weekday. bards.fm This episode was researched and produced under the Sentinel Framework v3 — the analytical methodology built by Scott Kesterson — with AI-assisted research synthesis at a 70/30 human/AI authorship ratio, fully disclosed. All analysis, conclusions, and editorial judgments are those of Scott Kesterson. AFFILIATE LINKS Bards Nation Health Store: www.bardsnationhealth.com MYPillow promo code: BARDS >> Go to https://www.mypillow.com/bards and use the promo code BARDS or... Call 1-800-975-2939.  EMPShield protect your vehicles and home. Promo code BARDS: Click here Treadlite Broadforks...best garden tool EVER. Promo code BARDS26: TreadliteBroadforks.com EnviroKlenz Air Purification, promo code BARDS to save 10%: www.enviroklenz.com Morning Intro Music Provided by Brian Kahanek: www.briankahanek.com Founders Bible 20% discount code: BARDS >>> TheFoundersBible.com Windblown Media 20% Discount with promo code BARDS: windblownmedia.com White Oak Pastures Grassfed Meats, Get $20 off any order $150 or more. Promo Code BARDS: www.whiteoakpastures.com/BARDS Mission Darkness Faraday Bags and RF Shielding. Promo code BARDS: Click here DONATIONS: If you wish to support this podcast directly you can donate here... DONATE: Click here MAILING ADDRESS: Xpedition Cafe, LLC Attn. Scott Kesterson 591 E Central Ave, #740 Sutherlin, OR  97479

This week for independence day Alex does a deep dive on the often forgotten founder Thomas Paine. Most famous for writing revolutionary pamphlets like "Common Sense" Paine's opinions made a lot of enemies. His writings pissed off really rich people on both sides of the Atlantic, insulted George Washington, Jesus Christ, and every religion he could think of. JOIN OUR PATREON COMMUNITY -

After The American Revolution, George Washington becomes the first President of the United States, John Adams is swept into the vice presidency, and Thomas Jefferson takes on a central role as Secretary of State. Built from real historical language and dramatized from the founders' letters, speeches, and memoirs, the episode explores how the new nation begins to define power, duty, and the limits of government.As Adams and Jefferson argue over the presidency, federal power, the British Constitution, political parties, and the French Revolution, the story also turns to Jefferson's alliance with Thomas Paine and the rupture it causes with Adams. The episode ends with the emerging divide between the two men and the growing tension between public principle and personal friendship.Patriarchs is a six-part audio drama about John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the founding of the United States, and the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence enacted in 1776.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

We've all heard of Thomas Paine and think of him as instrumental in the founding of this country, but did you know he may well have been the most critical man alive at the time in fostering and shaping American independence? And what did he get for his efforts and fortitude? Listen and learn as George Ford Smith adds something of real value on the one and only semiquincentennial of our once great country. Find George Ford Smith's work: ⁠Mises.org profile Article Discussed: https://mises.org/mises-daily/thomas-paine-libertys-hated-torchbearer Exclusive Content and Ways to Support: Support me on Substack for ad-free content, bonus material, personal chatting and more!  ⁠https://substack.com/@monicaperezshow⁠ Become a PREMIUM SUBSCRIBER on Apple Podcasts for AD FREE episodes and exclusive content! True Hemp Science:  ⁠https://truehempscience.com/⁠ PROMO CODE: MONICA Find, Follow, Subscribe & Rate on your favorite podcasting platform AND for video and social & more... Website: ⁠https://monicaperezshow.com/⁠ Substack: ⁠https://substack.com/@monicaperezshow⁠ Rumble: ⁠https://rumble.com/user/monicaperezshow⁠ Youtube: ⁠https://www.youtube.com/c/MonicaPerez⁠ Twitter/X: @monicaperezshow Instagram: @monicaperezshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

America turns 250 years old today and Don Jeffries returns! We will talk Thomas Paine and all things 1776 ! Don is an author/ Historian and you can find him at https://donaldjeffries.substack.com*******************************New Youtube / Spotify ChannelsUNSHAKEABLE https://www.youtube.com/@Unshakeable-q3fAfter Dark Radio With Weezy https://open.spotify.com/show/033lP4azxkA3lnOqJ1dGp5?si=26b2e682e2884a85**********************************Get your What is Truth Merch Here!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://whatistruthpodmerch.itemorder.com/shop/home/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Find all my links here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/whatistruthpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠To catch a live show, Please Follow me on Odysee and Rumble!Please rate 5 stars if you enjoy the content! For vast majority of my content follow me on Odysee⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://odysee.com/@Weezy:a⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Now on Rumble!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://rumble.com/user/Whatistruthpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow me on Twitter!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/WhatTruthPod⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Join our Telegram channel Group⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://t.me/witweezy⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@WHATISTRUTHTV⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Listen on your Favorite podcast player!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.minds.com/weezytruth/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Daddygate Podcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/c/TheDaddyGatePodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠If you would like to "Tip" the show Click the Patreon Link. Support will help me improve the show. Much Love to all whom already have!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.patreon.com/What_is_Truth⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠EmailWHATISTRUTHPODCAST@gmail.com

Geschichte lebt von Dokumenten. Aber nicht nur von Verträgen, Briefen oder Protokollen. Sondern auch von Tonaufnahmen. Das gilt insbesondere für die USA mit ihren zahlreichen Medien, die immer und überall ein Mikrofon hinhalten. Zum 250. Geburtstag der USA haben wir ein Dutzend historischer Töne ausgewählt. Unsystematisch, aber vielleicht zeigen diese Zeitdokumente gerade deshalb ein Bild der vielseitigen Vereinigten Staaten. Das Line-up: Amanda Gorman, Neil Armstrong, John Coltrane, Sally Hemings, Thomas Jefferson, Steve Jobs, John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Abraham Lincoln, Barack Obama, Thomas Paine, Ronald Reagan, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt und Bruce Springsteen. Sie alle haben die USA auf die eine oder andere Weise geprägt. Was sagen sie zu ihrem Land? Was sind ihre Hoffnungen, Träume und Ideen? Was haben diese Amerikanerinnen und Amerikaner bewirkt? Was bleibt von ihnen? Und: Wie sind die USA gealtert? Darüber unterhält sich Christof Münger, Leiter des Ressorts International, mit Korrespondentin Charlotte Walser in Washington D. C., mit Professorin Tina Kempin Reuter in Birmingham, Alabama, und mit dem langjährigen USA-Korrespondenten Martin Kilian in Charlottesville, Virginia - in einer Spezialfolge des USA-Podcasts «Alles klar, Amerika?». Produzent: Noah Fend Mehr zum 250. Jubiläum der USA: So feiern die USA ihren runden Geburtstag Leere Pavillons, eine Konföderiertenflagge und lauwarme Getränke Älteste Demokratie der Welt? «Das sind eindeutig wir. Sie haben das von uns abgeschaut» «Seine Kugeln sind nahezu perfekt»: Was ein Basler mit der Amerikanischen Revolution zu tun hatte Elisabeth Bronfen zu 250 Jahre USA: «Die meisten Schweizer wissen gar nicht, wie amerikanisiert sie sind» Jill Lepore über 250 Jahre USA, Trump und die Demokratie: «Es gibt vieles, das man feiern könnte, wenn Trump nicht alles an sich reissen würde» 25 grossartige Dinge, die wir den USA verdanken Mehr USA-Berichterstattung finden Sie auf unserer Webseite und in den Apps.  Unser Tagi-Spezialangebot für Podcast-Hörer:innen: tagiabo.chHabt ihr Feedback, Ideen oder Kritik zu «Apropos»? Schreibt uns an podcasts@tamedia.ch Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

July 2, 2026On July 2, 1776, the Second Continental Congress passed a Resolution for Independence, They declared that the Colonies were free and independent states, and that all political connection between them and Great Britain was and ought to be totally dissolved, Known as the Lee Resolution, it was the final break between the king and the 13 colonies, After the French and Indian War, the colonies were proud to be members of the British Empire but after Britain passed taxes, the colonists were shocked, and raised the question of whether the king could be checked by the people, The colonies demanded equality in the British Empire, tensions spread, and the British were determined to end the rebellion, After the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the Second Continental Congress created a Continental Army to be led by George Washington, Thomas Paine's Common Sense spread the idea that the law is king in a free country, an idea that spread through the colonies, By April 1776, declarations of independence were being written in states, and on June 7, the Lee Resolution was drafted by Congress, and it passed on July 2, John Adams declared the Second Day of July 1776 as the most memorable in the history of America, It advanced the idea that a nation should rest not on the arbitrary rule of a single man and his hand-picked advisors, but on the rule of law.Watch today's recording here: https://www.youtube.com/live/g9TUa1Rwd6U?si=T8_KKcHQZElhpnZ-Get full, free access to Letters from an American here: https://heathercoxrichardson.substack.com/subscribeYou can also find me:Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/hcrichardson.bsky.socialInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/heathercoxrichardson/?hl=enFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/heathercoxrichardson/YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@heathercoxrichardson Get full access to Letters from an American at heathercoxrichardson.substack.com/subscribe

Por estos tiempos se cumplen los 250 años de la "Declaración de Independencia de los Estados Unidos", firmada el 4 de julio de 1776 en Filadelfia. Y para poder entender el contenido de esta celebración en este capítulo viajamos al siglo XVIII —un siglo de revoluciones entrelazadas, de ideas ilustradas que cruzaron a ambos lados del Atlántico y de Trece Colonias que apostaron a pensarse como una sola nación— para entender cómo varios procesos de reflexión y representación política terminaron por dar origen a uno de los textos fundacionales de la democracia moderna y el Estado de derecho. También analizamos los legados y las contrariedades presentes en el Acta de Independencia de las Trece Colonias. Notas del episodio El siglo XVIII como proceso global: Un recorrido por el siglo de las revoluciones científicas, política e industrial— y por el mundo Atlántico que conectó ideas, imprentas y plazas de mercado de un extremo a otro del océano. Los cimientos filosóficos: De la revolución científica a la Ilustración: cómo Locke, Rousseau y Montesquieu trasladaron la idea de leyes naturales al terreno político y sentaron las bases del contrato social y la separación de poderes. Montesquieu y la separación de poderes: Una mirada a la vida y la obra de Charles-Louis de Secondat, barón de Montesquieu, y a la teoría que dividió el poder en ejecutivo, legislativo y judicial. De la protesta a la ruptura: El Stamp Act, el boicot al té, el Boston Tea Party y las Actas Intolerables: la crisis fiscal entre Gran Bretaña y las Trece Colonias que transformó el reclamo político en confrontación abierta. «Sentido Común» de Thomas Paine: El panfleto que Thomas Paine publicó en enero de 1776 y que, con un lenguaje sencillo y directo, convenció a buena parte de la opinión pública colonial de que la ruptura con la Corona británica era inevitable. El texto de la Declaración de Independencia: La versión en español del documento firmado el 4 de julio de 1776, redactado principalmente por Thomas Jefferson y editado por Benjamin Franklin y John Adams. Sigue mis proyectos en otros lugares:  YouTube ➔ youtube.com/@DianaUribefm  Instagram ➔ instagram.com/dianauribe.fm Facebook ➔ facebook.com/dianauribe.fm Sitio web ➔ dianauribe.fm Twitter ➔ x.com/DianaUribefm  LinkedIn ➔ www.linkedin.com/in/diana-uribe    Gracias de nuevo a nuestra comunidad de patreon por apoyar la producción de este episodio. Si quieres unirte, visita www.dianauribe.fm/comunidad    

On the Supreme Court today there is a 6 to 3 majority—I hesitate to call them 'conservatives' because they have been ripping apart tradition so drastically—right-wing Republican rule; Harold Meyerson comments on the "week of do this but don't do it here decisions".Trump​'s biggest losses in the Supreme Court rulings announced this week were on birthright citizenship—widely anticipated—and the voting rights case where the majority ruled states could count ballots mailed but not received by election day. His biggest win was abolishing independent agencies except for the Federal Reserve. David Cole has our analysis—he's the former legal director of the ACLU.Also: This July 4th, the 250th anniversary of the signing of Declaration of Independence, is an anxious and unhappy holiday for Americans this year; as threats to our democracy have not be this dangerous since the Civil War. The question: "What is to be done?" is visited in "Common Sense 2026"—it's not a TikTok video, not an instagram post, but a pamphlet, inspired by "Common Sense" by written Thomas Paine in 1776—Alan Minsky, its author, explains.

Thomas Paine. He came. He wrote. And the world was changed forever.

On Tuesday's Mark Levin Show, Chief Justice Roberts improperly relied on English common law as a basis for birthright citizenship, despite the framers using it only as a guide and rejecting elements that conflicted with the U.S. system. The 14th Amendment and the preceding Civil Rights Act of 1866 were narrowly intended to grant full citizenship rights to freed Black slaves and their children amid post-Civil War resistance—not to address immigration or confer citizenship on children of illegal aliens. The opinion wrongly equates "jurisdiction" with mere physical presence, leading to illogical results like automatic citizenship for babies of illegal immigrants (who retain foreign allegiance) while creating unaddressed exceptions for diplomats, revealing a result-oriented, activist approach that rewrites history. Roberts and his Majority twisted the history of the 14th amendment and just constitutionalized birthright citizenship, knowing full well that our nation, like Europe, is facing a grave threat from within as a result, in part, of the intentional refusal of our government, when the Democrats are in power, to enforce immigration laws and, oppositely, facilitating the importation of aliens from all over the world without proper vetting. Also, the constitutional amendment process is rarely used. It requires two-thirds approval in both houses of Congress to propose language, followed by ratification by three-fourths (38) of the states—neither of which is feasible for issues like changing birthright citizenship. The Supreme Court has constitutionalized elements not originally in the Constitution, making reversal through amendments impractical. Instead, the effective path is filling Court vacancies with constitutionalists, as achieved in overturning Roe, without resorting to court packing. Later, Hans von Spakovsky calls in and explains that Roberts' opinion was appalling and a complete rewrite of American history, particularly regarding the 14th Amendment. He notes that Justices Alito and Thomas eviscerated it in separate dissents, highlighting that Roberts' historical account was inaccurate. He criticized Roberts' selective and distorting use of sources like Thomas Paine and Frederick Douglass, pointing out Thomas's observation that Douglass viewed Black Americans as citizens due to their equal allegiance to the U.S., unlike illegal aliens who owe allegiance to their native countries. Finally, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison favored limited central government, while Alexander Hamilton preferred a powerful, activist federal government with implied powers. Modern nationalist populists share this Hamilton big-government outlook with the left, which lacks clear constitutional principles and risks abuse, in contrast to true constitutional conservatism. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The year is 2004. Jonah Goldberg and Steve Hayes, young and clean shaven, stride through the National Archives. Stopping, they gaze down at a yellowed leaf of parchment. “I'm gonna steal it.” Jonah mutters. “What?” Steve asks. Jonah clenches his jaw. “I'm gonna steal the Declaration of Independence.”  Fortunately, Steve talked Jonah out of his hairbrained scheme and both men remained free, unincarcerated citizens. Unfortunately, the many secrets of the Declaration that Jonah hoped to uncover remained lost to history … until now. To mark and celebrate the 250th anniversary of our nation's founding, Jonah is joined by Michael Auslin, author of National Treasure:How the Declaration of Independence Made America, to dive into the oft-forgotten history of our founding document, including: who didn't sign the Declaration, Button Gwinnett's signature, the Confederate view of the Declaration, America's enlightened consensus, Declaration historiography, George III, Thomas Paine's Common Sense, John Quincy Adams, Abraham Lincoln, Paine v. Burke, and what it means to be a credal country.  Show Notes: —Michael Auslin - National Treasure: How the Declaration of Independence Made America —Allen Guelzo Remnant —Pauline Maier - American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence —Gordon Wood - The Radicalism of the American Revolution —Andrew Roberts - The Last King of America: The Misunderstood Reign of George III —AEI Archive: Distinguished Lecture Series on the Bicentennial of the United States The Remnant is a production of ⁠The Dispatch⁠, a digital media company covering politics, policy, and culture from a nonpartisan perspective. To access all of The Dispatch's offerings—including the Saturday Ruminant, audio versions of all our articles and newsletters, and Jonah's twice-weekly G-File—⁠click here⁠. Instructions on how to set up your members-only feed can be found here, and if you'd like to remove all ads from your podcast experience, consider becoming a premium Dispatch member ⁠by clicking here⁠. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/political-science

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

Geschichte lebt von Dokumenten. Aber nicht nur von Verträgen, Briefen oder Protokollen. Sondern auch von Tonaufnahmen. Das gilt insbesondere für die USA mit ihren zahlreichen Medien, die immer und überall ein Mikrofon hinhalten. Zum 250. Geburtstag der USA haben wir ein Dutzend historischer Töne ausgewählt. Unsystematisch, aber vielleicht zeigen diese Zeitdokumente gerade deshalb ein Bild der vielseitigen Vereinigten Staaten. Das Line-up: Amanda Gorman, Neil Armstrong, John Coltrane, Sally Hemings, Thomas Jefferson, Steve Jobs, John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Abraham Lincoln, Barack Obama, Thomas Paine, Ronald Reagan, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt und Bruce Springsteen. Sie alle haben die USA auf die eine oder andere Weise geprägt. Was sagen sie zu ihrem Land? Was sind ihre Hoffnungen, Träume und Ideen? Was haben diese Amerikanerinnen und Amerikaner bewirkt? Was bleibt von ihnen? Und: Wie sind die USA gealtert? Darüber unterhält sich Christof Münger, Leiter des Ressorts International, mit Korrespondentin Charlotte Walser in Washington D. C., mit Professorin Tina Kempin Reuter in Birmingham, Alabama, und mit dem langjährigen USA-Korrespondenten Martin Kilian in Charlottesville, Virginia - in einer Spezialfolge des USA-Podcasts «Alles klar, Amerika?». Produzent: Noah Fend Mehr zum 250. Jubiläum der USA: So feiern die USA ihren runden Geburtstag Leere Pavillons, eine Konföderiertenflagge und lauwarme Getränke Älteste Demokratie der Welt? «Das sind eindeutig wir. Sie haben das von uns abgeschaut» «Seine Kugeln sind nahezu perfekt»: Was ein Basler mit der Amerikanischen Revolution zu tun hatte Elisabeth Bronfen zu 250 Jahre USA: «Die meisten Schweizer wissen gar nicht, wie amerikanisiert sie sind» Jill Lepore über 250 Jahre USA, Trump und die Demokratie: «Es gibt vieles, das man feiern könnte, wenn Trump nicht alles an sich reissen würde» 25 grossartige Dinge, die wir den USA verdanken Mehr USA-Berichterstattung finden Sie auf unserer Webseite und in den Apps. Den «Tages-Anzeiger» können Sie 3 Monate zum Preis von 1 Monat testen: tagiabo.ch.Feedback, Kritik und Fragen an: podcasts@tamedia.ch Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network.

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/politics-and-polemics

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/french-studies

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Thomas Paine: Collected Writings (Princeton University Press, 2026) is the first major new edition of Paine's works, bringing together all his writings in six breathtaking volumes that dramatically revise our previous understanding of his activities as a writer and his importance as a democratic theorist in the age of revolutions. It includes about 180 new letters and some two hundred works newly attributed to Paine, with twenty-nine works previously regarded as Paine's being deattributed. Drawing on pioneering computerized text analysis that makes possible for the first time attributions of anonymous and pseudonymous texts, this collection includes in volumes 5–6 newly identified pamphlets and newspaper and journal contributions, and suggests that Paine was extremely active as a Grub Street oppositional Whig writer in the decade prior to the American Revolution. Many writings from the period of his residence in France (1792–1802) and his subsequent return to the United States are also restored to his published output. Paine emerges as a much more consistent and serious democratic theorist than is often assumed, whose contributions to revolutionary debates in America, Britain, and France were unparalleled in their time. This volume spans the years 1772 to 1782, a decade that witnessed a diverse output of writings from Paine, from editorials and magazine pieces to pamphlets and newspaper articles. The book includes the Forester Letters, the Crisis papers, the Deane Affair articles, and Common Sense, with Gregory Claeys's general introduction and commentary by the editors providing invaluable historical context. Gregory Claeys is professor emeritus of the history of political thought at Royal Holloway, University of London. Caleb Zakarin is CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/british-studies

A series of 16 influential political pamphlets published between 1776 and 1783 during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) titled The American Crisis, or simply The Crisis, by eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher and author Thomas Paine — an Englishman living in the colonies who signed his essays anonymously as "Common Sense," the title of his earlier influential work. Each essay, bolstered the morale of the American colonists to fight hard for their independence, appealed to the English to support the colonist's cause, clarified the issues at stake, and denounced any type of negotiated peace. The essays were gathered into one volume in 1882, showcasing the iconic opening line: "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman." The American Crisis by Thomas Paine at https://amzn.to/4dKKClU Common Sense by Thomas Paine (book) available at https://amzn.to/3MKX77b Writings of Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/3MCaFC2 Books about Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/4s3qxOg ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you). Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM Audio credits: The American Crisis by Thomas Paine (a LibriVox production read by volunteers and coordinated by Michele Fry, 2014). See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, it's worth asking: What was the American Revolution actually about? We all remember the broad strokes we learned in school: Independence from the British crown. Taxes on tea. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. But on a deeper level, the American Revolution was—and is—a revolution in political theory, reimagining what a legitimate government is and what its relationship to its citizens should be. Washington's troops won the ground war 245 years ago at Yorktown, but the ideological battle continues against forces on both the left and the right who are pursuing a ruthless assault on America's core values. The American Revolution isn't over. Inscribed inside the dome of the Jefferson Memorial are the words: "I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man." Thomas Jefferson wrote that in an 1800 letter, but that feeling of hostility toward the tyranny of a distant monarch is what drove him and his fellow revolutionaries in 1776. Supreme Court Justice Neil Gorsuch summarized the Declaration's core ideas in an interview with Reason: "The Declaration of Independence had three great ideas in it. That all of us are equal. That each of us has inalienable rights given to us by God, not government. And that we have the right to rule ourselves." That's why Jefferson declared that a legitimate government requires the "consent of the governed." Thomas Paine put it more scathingly in his 1776 pamphlet Common Sense, writing that "government by kings was first introduced into the world by the Heathens." Monarchy was the Devil's most effective and enduring form of "idolatry." We don't fret over tyrannical kings in today's America. Only ceremonial vestiges of hereditary monarchy remain in the modern world. The Revolution achieved a complete victory in that sense. Yet a counterrevolution is underway, one that views the American Revolution and the republic it birthed as a failed liberal regime that has outlived its usefulness. And these counterrevolutionaries sit remarkably close to the levers of power. Self-Rule Under Threat Three years before he became vice president, J.D. Vance told podcaster Jack Murphy that America had reached a point of no return. "We are in the late republican period," he said. "If we're going to push back against it we have to get pretty wild and pretty far out there and go in directions that a lot of conservatives right now are uncomfortable with. Indeed, among some of my circle the phrase 'extra-constitutional' has come up quite a bit." Vance regularly cites and associates with a group of so-called "postliberals." He appeared on a panel with one of this movement's leading intellectuals, Patrick Deneen, a Notre Dame political science professor and the author of Regime Change: Toward a Postliberal Future, in 2023. Deneen believes there is an unbridgeable divide between the "elite" and "ordinary" people. "What is needed," he writes in the book, "in short, is regime change—the peaceful but vigorous overthrow of a corrupt and corrupting liberal ruling class," which will be replaced by a more virtuous one. He envisions the kind of aristocratic government favored by the ancients like Plato and Aristotle, endorsing "aristopopulism," where an elite class works to further the interests of the masses. "The replacement of the current elites in our society ought to be more closely aligned to the interests of ordinary people," Deneen said at the panel. He invokes a "premodern conception of liberty—expressed in the pages of Plato, Aristotle, the Bible," where institutions like the family, the church, and the state worked together to impose "guardrails" protecting individuals from becoming "slaves" to their own desires. My colleague Stephanie Slade writes about the postliberal right for Reason magazine. "He says people like [himself] should just be in charge of our government. That's what he means by regime change," Slade says. "[That] we should replace the current elites." She notes that postliberals are willing to frame the entire American Founding as a mistake: "They might say, yeah, America did have a liberal founding and that's why it was a mistake. Actually, this whole experiment was a mistake, and it maybe took a couple hundred years for that mistake to play out….We now can see that it doesn't lead to good conservative outcomes." In his book Common Good Constitutionalism, Adrian Vermeule, a postliberal Harvard Law professor and appointee to President Donald Trump's Council of the Administrative Conference of the United States, wrote that "the central aim of the constitutional order is to promote good rule, not to 'protect liberty' as an end in itself." That's a rejection of the spirit of 1776. Paine saw the existence of government as a necessary evil because of "the inability of moral virtue to govern the world." A minimal state, in his view, should be restricted to supplying "freedom and security." As Gorsuch put it in the same Reason interview: "If you think of the Declaration as kind of our mission statement, our ideals, and the Constitution is the how-to manual—well, the Constitution is all about dividing power. Madison realized men are not angels and that their aspirations for power need to be checked and checked and checked again." The "regime change" Deneen and Vermeule call for isn't explicitly violent. Deneen describes "Machiavellian means to achieve Aristotelian ends." The strategy manifests as a steady expansion of presidential authority, as we've seen under Donald Trump's second term: the 143 executive orders he signed in just his first 100 days, more than any other president in history; his decision to send troops to American cities without permission from local authorities; his declaring of 21 national emergencies while in office; and his decision to send illegal immigrants to overseas prisons in defiance of the judicial branch. Incidentally, one of the grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence was King George III's penchant for shipping the accused "beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offenses." Before he became vice president, Vance encouraged Trump to emulate Andrew Jackson and dare the Supreme Court to try enforcing its rulings against him. "If I was giving him one piece of advice," Vance said, "fire every single mid-level bureaucrat, every civil servant in the administrative state, replace them with our people, and when the courts—because you will get taken to court—and when the courts stop you, stand before the country like Andrew Jackson did and say, 'The chief justice has made his ruling, now let him enforce it.'" "That's a really dangerous idea to be even casually trotting out there, let alone for somebody who is now the sitting vice president to be on the record," Slade says. "He said it a number of years ago when he was just a candidate for office, but I've never seen anything from him since he's been in office that makes me think that he doesn't ultimately believe in that sort of approach to politics." Some postliberals call for measures far more dramatic than the steady erosion of constitutional restraints currently underway. Michael Anton, who worked in Trump's State Department over two terms, wrote in his book The Stakes about the prospect of a "Red Caesar"—a right-wing dictator who would rise from the ashes of the fallen republic. "Caesar's word replaces constitutionalism and even, in the final analysis, law," he wrote. In a podcast conversation with pro-monarchist blogger Curtis Yarvin, Anton discussed what that might look like. "Caesarism is a form of monarchy, but that follows a nonfunctioning republic, a republic that doesn't work anymore," Anton said. Yarvin proposed that the path to power would begin with declaring a state of emergency in an inaugural address, "taking direct control over all law enforcement authorities….Basically like Caesar, you're using all of the force available to you."  "There is just clearly much more of a sense that government power is meant to be used to advance our side in the face of our enemies," Slade says. "And the enemies are the left, the political left, and anyone on the right who isn't going to line up with [them]. [They believe] political power should be used to reward our friends and punish our enemies, and that to me is a clear violation of one of the core principles of rule of law, which is equal treatment for everyone under law." In the COVID era, President Joe Biden imposed national mandates by executive fiat, and his administration tried to suppress dissent by pressuring tech companies to censor critics. The Democratic Party has also flirted with the idea of packing the Supreme Court to get its way, which is not a new impulse for the party. When President Franklin Delano Roosevelt tried to pack the Court in 1937, it cost him the support of progressives who had previously backed the New Deal. FDR is revered by progressives and cited by Yarvin as a prototype for an American Caesar. "Was FDR a dictator? What does it mean to be a dictator? What does this pejorative word mean?" Yarvin asks. "A dictator is somebody who rules alone. And that, I think, is a beautiful thing." The Revolution was, first and foremost, about self-rule: We would no longer abide by a diktat from an overseas king. From the very beginning of the republic, power-seeking men have tried to undermine that vision. In its earliest days, there was a plot to install a Prussian prince as king of a new American monarchy. Jefferson accused John Adams and Alexander Hamilton of being monarchists, recounting in horror a dinner conversation in which Hamilton told him "the greatest man…that ever lived was Julius Caesar." But monarchy is seductive because strongmen promise order in chaotic times. In the wake of Shays' Rebellion, a post-Revolution farmer's uprising, Jefferson worried the Constitution's drafters were overreacting by creating a powerful presidency that would devolve into a monarchy. "What country can preserve its liberties if their rulers are not warned from time to time that their people preserve the spirit of resistance?" he wrote. And then, famously: "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is its natural manure." Hopefully, patriots won't be shedding blood anytime soon. But Jefferson's point stands: Preserving the promises of the Revolution will always be an ongoing battle. Self-rule was one of those promises. Another was self-ownership, which includes the right to do what you want with your own property. The Rise of 'Right-Wing Progressivism' The Declaration accused the king of "cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world." The American colonies experienced unprecedented economic growth, a topic of keen interest to the laissez faire economist Adam Smith, whose book The Wealth of Nations also turns 250 this year. Smith was fascinated by the American colonies, observing that their "progress has been more rapid than that of the English in North America. Plenty of good land, and liberty to manage their own affairs their own way, seem to be the two great causes of the prosperity." Other imperial powers, such as the Spanish and Portuguese, mandated that their colonists trade only through state-created monopolies. Smith pointed out that because American colonists could export lumber to the wider European market, they were incentivized to clear and improve land. Low taxes enabled them to reinvest their profits. Smith criticized England's Navigation Acts for prohibiting colonists from buying from other countries and for discouraging manufacturing to protect domestic competitors. Although England's "mercantile spirit" hampered the economy, Smith believed that in virtually every other respect the liberty of the English colonists "to manage their own affairs their own way is complete," concluding that both England and the colonies would be better off with an independent America that traded freely with England. Like the American revolutionaries, Smith described economic freedom as not just smart policy, but as a natural right. "To prohibit a great people…from making all that they can of every part of their own produce," he wrote, "is a manifest violation of the most sacred rights of mankind." That revolutionary understanding is still under attack today from both the left and the right. Socialists like Sen. Bernie Sanders (I–Vt.) and New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani talk about individual profits as if they are the property of the collective. And Trump has the same mercantilist instincts toward trade that Smith argued against 250 years ago. "I love tariffs. Most beautiful word," Trump said in September 2025. "I said my favorite word in the English dictionary is the word tariff."  The postliberal right argues that laissez faire economics has undermined the working class. "Conservatives have outsourced our economic and domestic policy thinking to libertarians," Vance said at a 2019 National Conservatism Conference. "Do we serve pure unfettered commercial freedom, do we serve commerce at the expense of the public good, or do we serve something higher? And are we willing to use political power to actually accomplish those things?" "It is really important to recognize that what the postliberal right is pushing in terms of economics is progressivism," Slade says. "It's not conservatism." Tucker Carlson made the point in 2019 when he praised Elizabeth Warren's "economic patriotism" platform, noting it "sounds like Donald Trump at his best." What the so-called "economic patriots" of the left and right are converging on is a rejection of the spirit of 1776 and an embrace of monarchy. In the 18th century, many colonists could trade only through state-licensed monopolies. Warren has proposed remarrying corporations and the state through "stakeholder capitalism," in which political appointees sit on corporate boards to steer them in the right direction. Trump took a major step toward the corporatist approach in 2025 when directing the federal government to take a 10 percent stake in Intel. Before him, President Barack Obama took stakes in GM and Chrysler as part of a bailout package. "I don't think it's really a sustainable political equilibrium to have two parties that are both economically leftist," Slade says. "The American people are not on board with that. That is the horseshoe in action. And it's part of why I think there is an opportunity for old-school Reagan-style free-market conservatism to make a comeback." The slow abandonment of the revolutionary ideas of self-rule and private property that American patriots fought for in the late 18th century is downstream of a third, fundamental aspect of the American Revolution that is also under attack: freedom of conscience. Remarrying Church and State The postliberal right wants to tear down the wall between church and state. "They want to integrate church and state instead of separating them," Slade says. In some cases, it's Catholic integralists like Harvard's Vermeule, who has described a strategy of turning the government Catholic by "strategically locat[ing]" integralists "within liberal institutions…to undo the liberalism of the state from within." Deneen has suggested passing "blue laws" that would ban pornography, online gambling, and operating businesses on Sundays. A Protestant variety of Christian nationalism is embodied by pastor Doug Wilson—a spiritual mentor to Secretary of War Pete Hegseth, who invited Wilson to lead a prayer at the Pentagon. In a recent interview, Wilson said the "governing authorities should recognize formally that Jesus rose from the dead" and that "the basis of law would have to be Christian, and I would want it to be Protestant." Most of the revolutionaries were Christian Protestants, but they insisted on separating church and state to avoid the horrific religious wars that had ravaged Europe. "Torrents of blood have been spilt in the old world" to end religious discord by establishing state churches, wrote James Madison in opposition to taxes that would have funded an official church of Virginia. An even deeper problem for these devout believers in divine providence was that marrying religion to the state removed the very freedom to choose faith that God desires. In his opposition to the Virginia law, Jefferson wrote that "Almighty God hath created the mind free" and that "all attempts" to force religious belief "are a departure from the plan of the holy author of our religion." Madison argued historically that Christianity reached its "greatest lustre" in the times before it incorporated with the state, and that religious laws would counterproductively discourage nonbelievers from entering a region he hoped would become a beacon of Christianity. "Religion then of every man must be left to the conviction and conscience of every man." Slade draws on her own Catholic faith in making the case. "I am a libertarian because I'm a Catholic, because I believe that every person was created in the image of God," she says. "I just think it's morally wrong from a Catholic or Christian perspective to try to use the coercive, violent power of the state to make people live a certain way. Even if the way that these guys would like to make people live—going to church on Sunday, praying, investing in your community and your family, self-sacrifice—all these good Christian values. They're good Christian values, but they can't be coerced or imposed from the top down. It's wrong and morally offensive from a Christian perspective." Slade says she understands the despair postliberals feel about the collapse of faith and virtue in contemporary America and that they have a point about the progressive capture of institutions. "What they're channeling is a really influential belief, which isn't totally wrong, that the left made a very concerted effort to make what is often referred to as a 'long march through the institutions' and to capture so many of our elite institutions—both at the governmental level but also at the cultural level: higher education, Hollywood, the mainstream media." Critics of the progressive agenda—or "wokeness"—often describe it as its own kind of religion. Linguist and social critic John McWhorter has argued that it has "slowly transmogrified into a kind of replacement for Protestant Christianity" among its adherents. Whether religious or not, progressives have imposed their social values on Americans through public school curricula, federal policy, and civil rights law. They have violated the freedom of conscience that Jefferson and Madison wrote about in a way very similar to how mandating religion would. Postliberalism is part of the political backlash. A poll conducted in early 2021 of people who voted for Trump in 2020 didn't find agreement on nationalist economic policies—tariffs, industrial policy, any of that—but found near-universal agreement on a sense of cultural siege. About 90 percent agreed with statements like "the mainstream media has become just an arm of the Democratic Party" or "Christianity is under attack today." "This sense that the culture has been captured by people who are hostile to people like me and who hate me and want to drive me out of the public square has created so much resentment and so much of a backlash that's driving this postliberal right-wing politics," Slade says. "I don't think it's possible to understand what's going on on the right without looking at what's been going on on the left, definitely ramping up during the period referred to as the great awakening." Slade's new book argues that the remedy to this postliberal moment is a rediscovery of "fusionism"—the reintegration of liberty and virtue. "A good society needs to be both free and virtuous. And the Founders certainly believed this," she says. John Adams wrote just 13 days before the signing of the Declaration that "the only foundation of a free Constitution is pure Virtue, and if this cannot be inspired into our People…they will not obtain a lasting Liberty." "What he's saying is, we can have a limited government in a free society, but if the people aren't naturally virtuous, if they don't trust each other, if they aren't good to each other—that [the Republic] is going to end up succumbing to tyranny and to a strongman government," Slade says. His fellow revolutionary and intellectual adversary Jefferson flipped the equation by writing that liberty "is the great parent…of virtue." Balancing liberty and virtue means reconstructing some of the civic "guardrails" that Deneen laments having lost in modernity—but not handing the power to regulate our conscience to the government. "What we're seeing a lot is people who are focused either on liberty but don't spend a lot of time thinking about how do we cultivate virtue, or who say, forget your liberty, we want virtue at the point of a gun," Slade says. "Government's job is to protect our basic rights and liberties. It should be prioritizing the protection of liberty." "That doesn't mean that virtue isn't important. In fact, it's the highest, most important thing in life—to pursue a virtuous life," Slade continues. "But it's not OK to expect government to do that for us. Government protects our freedom and we use that freedom to pursue virtue." The solution, Slade argues, has to be ground-up. She invokes Alexis de Tocqueville, who observed when he came to America in the 1830s that Americans excel at coming together and creating voluntary community solutions to social problems. "We should have some muscle memory here. We should be able to get back to that idea of thinking of ourselves as being on the front lines of solving problems, building new civil society institutions, nongovernmental institutions that can try to solve the problems we see in our society," Slade says. "Good policy can make this easier. And bad policy can crowd it out and make it a lot harder." The Declaration of Independence is 250 years old, but the Revolution it started is as vital as ever. During the final days of the Constitutional Convention, Benjamin Franklin was famously asked what kind of government they were in the process of designing. "A Republic," he said, "if you can keep it." Photo Credits: Horst Galuschka/dpa/picture-alliance/Newscom/ Dennis Flaherty / Jaynes Gallery / DanitaDelimont.com / Danita Delimont/ Tom Williams/CQ Roll Call/Newscom/ TIA DUFOUR/UPI/Newscom/Antonio Perez/TNS/Newscom/ Aaron Schwartz - Pool via CNP/picture alliance / Consolidated News Photos/Newscom/ Ron Adar / SOPA/ Images/Sipa USA/Newscom/ JT Vintage/ZUMAPRESS/Newscom/ AdMedia/SIPA/Newscom/ Hugh Rooney / Eye Ubiquitous/Newscom/ Bonnie Cash - Pool via CNP/CNP / Polaris/Newscom/AdMedia/Newscom/ Graeme Sloan/Sipa USA/Newscom/ Polaris/Newscom; Eric Lee - Pool via CNP/ZUMAPRESS/Newscom; Department of Defense The post The American Revolution Isn't Over appeared first on Reason.com.

Episode 4162 │ June 28, 2026 Paine arrived broke and nearly dead. He wrote the pamphlet that made independence inevitable. Six people attended his funeral. History owes him more. WHAT THIS EPISODE COVERS  Scott Kesterson and Rochelle Porto deliver the full Thomas Paine episode — tracing the arc from a destitute English stay-maker's son beaten up by wealthy children in Thetford, through bankruptcy, a dead wife and child, a chance meeting with Benjamin Franklin, a near-fatal nine-week sea crossing, and a recovery in a Philadelphia doctor's quarters, to the January 1776 publication of Common Sense — a 47-page pamphlet that reached 40% of the colonial population, shifted the psychological default from reconciliation to independence before Congress had the courage to declare it, prompted North Carolina to become the first colony to authorize its delegates to vote for independence, and was ordered read aloud to Continental Army troops before the crossing of the Delaware. Rochelle traces Paine's documented record — the first anti-slavery essay in American history, the Pennsylvania Abolition Act of 1780 drafted in part by Paine, his $500 personal contribution to a collapsing Continental Army, the diplomatic mission to France that secured 2.5 million livres in silver — against the arc of a man whose bones are now lost, whose burial was refused by the Quakers, whose funeral drew six people, and who was denied the right to vote in the country he helped create. The episode closes with a reading of 1 Samuel 8 — the passage at the theological root of Common Sense's argument against kings — as both historical anchor and present-day mirror. KEY QUESTIONS ADDRESSED  What made Common Sense the proportionally most widely read political document in American history — and how did a 47-page pamphlet written by a man with no official standing shift the entire colonial psychological default from reconciliation to independence in less than four months? Why did Theodore Roosevelt call Paine "the little atheist" — and what does Paine's actual engagement with Psalm 19, the book of Job, and 1 Samuel 8 reveal about where he actually stood on God, monarchy, and the republic? What is the 1 Samuel 8 passage at the theological root of Common Sense — and why does the warning God gave Israel about kings read today like a precise description of the permission structure being built around us? ABOUT BARDSFM BardsFM is a daily independent podcast covering faith, liberty, history, and information warfare. Hosted by Scott Kesterson — combat veteran, documentary filmmaker, and rancher. Over 4,100 episodes and 50 million lifetime downloads. New episodes every weekday. bards.fm This episode was researched and produced under the Sentinel Framework v3 — the analytical methodology built by Scott Kesterson — with AI-assisted research synthesis at a 70/30 human/AI authorship ratio, fully disclosed. All analysis, conclusions, and editorial judgments are those of Scott Kesterson. AFFILIATE LINKS Bards Nation Health Store: www.bardsnationhealth.com MYPillow promo code: BARDS >> Go to https://www.mypillow.com/bards and use the promo code BARDS or... Call 1-800-975-2939.  EMPShield protect your vehicles and home. Promo code BARDS: Click here Treadlite Broadforks...best garden tool EVER. Promo code BARDS26: TreadliteBroadforks.com EnviroKlenz Air Purification, promo code BARDS to save 10%: www.enviroklenz.com Morning Intro Music Provided by Brian Kahanek: www.briankahanek.com Founders Bible 20% discount code: BARDS >>> TheFoundersBible.com Windblown Media 20% Discount with promo code BARDS: windblownmedia.com White Oak Pastures Grassfed Meats, Get $20 off any order $150 or more. Promo Code BARDS: www.whiteoakpastures.com/BARDS Mission Darkness Faraday Bags and RF Shielding. Promo code BARDS: Click here DONATIONS: If you wish to support this podcast directly you can donate here... DONATE: Click here MAILING ADDRESS: Xpedition Cafe, LLC Attn. Scott Kesterson 591 E Central Ave, #740 Sutherlin, OR  97479

Pastor Jamey Bryant opened Week 4 of "Ruach to Pneuma" with Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense," the little document that, written in plain language a farmer or shopkeeper could read aloud in a tavern, fanned the colonists' quiet discontent into an open flame and helped birth a nation we are about to celebrate at 250 years. He used it to point to a far greater catalytic moment: Pentecost, the birth of the church and the day the Holy Spirit came to indwell God's people and never left. Walking through Acts 2, Pastor Jamey set the scene with the disciples waiting in the upper room for ten days, doing exactly what Jesus told them to do, holding onto His promise that it was to their advantage that He go away so the Spirit could come. He reminded us that Pentecost itself predates the church, an ancient harvest festival tied to God's provision and the giving of the Law, which makes the wind and fire of Acts 2 all the more fitting: just as God gave the Law with fire at Sinai, He now gave a gift greater than the Law, the Spirit, with fire as the sign of His indwelling presence. Then came the tongues, and here Pastor Jamey was careful. This was not chaos or babbling, but real, known languages, each visitor from across the world suddenly hearing these common Galileans declare the mighty works of God in his own heart language. The Spirit chose to reach each person at the heart level, and the whole purpose was to shine the spotlight not on the speakers, not even on Himself, but on Jesus.From there, Pastor Jamey turned to Peter, transformed. Fifty days after denying Jesus three times, Peter stood before thousands and boldly proclaimed Him, declaring that the One they crucified God had raised and made both Lord and Christ. The crowd was pierced to the heart and cried out, "What shall we do?" Pastor Jamey took time with Peter's answer in Acts 2:38, the call to repent and be baptized, and walked carefully through how it holds together with salvation by faith alone in Christ alone. He showed that the people had already believed by the end of Peter's sermon and that Peter was calling that specific generation, guilty of rejecting the Father's, the Son's, and the Spirit's testimony, to come out from under judgment. He reminded us that Acts is a transitional book, a little messy as the early believers figured things out in real time, and that we get into trouble when we build an entire theology on one snapshot rather than reading it alongside the rest of the New Testament. He closed with the wonder of it: three thousand souls added that day, a church devoted to teaching, fellowship, breaking bread, and prayer, and the same Spirit who indwelt and empowered them still indwelling us, still giving boldness, still sending the gospel out, and still inviting us to participate today.

Prior to 1776, the American Colonist Leaders were reluctant to go against the Crown. But in January 1776, Thomas Paine published a pamphlet "Common Sense", which laid the foundation for the Declaration of Independence in July 1776.

Episode 4159 │ Date June 26, 2026 Paine wrote from collapse. Washington drilled in frozen mud. The Son Tay raiders rescued no one — and saved everyone. Nine men. One pattern. Vincit. WHAT THIS EPISODE COVERS  Time to introduce Vincit — BardsFM's new short-form daily series built on a single doctrinal standard: Vincit qui patitur, he conquers who endures. Scott Kesterson walks through nine stories, nine moments where endurance was the only weapon that mattered — Thomas Paine writing Common Sense from personal collapse, Washington drilling a dissolving army in frozen mud at Valley Forge, Lewis and Clark holding an impossible expedition together through sheer refusal to quit, Theodore Roosevelt disappearing into the Dakota Badlands after losing his wife and mother on the same day and coming back, Alvin York wrestling his faith into action and capturing 132 prisoners with squirrel-hunting marksmanship, the First Marine Division holding Henderson Field at Guadalcanal on captured Japanese rice, Patton winning the battle as a ghost before he ever was allowed to return the field, fifty-six Special Forces operators flying into the most defended airspace in history at Son Tay to rescue POWs who weren't there — and saving them anyway — and Robert F. Kennedy Jr. still walking toward something with a damaged voice and a target on his name. One pattern runs through all nine: endurance is not the absence of suffering, it is what suffering forges when you refuse to leave the field. KEY QUESTIONS ADDRESSED What is the doctrine of Vincit qui patitur — and why does the pattern of endurance run identically through a Revolutionary pamphleteer, a frozen Continental Army, a failed POW rescue mission, and a man with a neurological voice condition still walking toward something? What is the difference between news and pattern recognition, between reaction and discernment — and why does Vincit operate at that intersection rather than the breaking news cycle? What did the Son Tay Raiders — who rescued no one — actually accomplish, and why did the POWs in the Hanoi Hilton later testify it was the turning point in their psychological survival? ABOUT BARDSFM BardsFM is a daily independent podcast covering faith, liberty, history, and information warfare. Hosted by Scott Kesterson — combat veteran, documentary filmmaker, and rancher. Over 4,100 episodes and 50 million lifetime downloads. New episodes every weekday. bards.fm This episode was researched and produced under the Sentinel Framework v3 — the analytical methodology built by Scott Kesterson — with AI-assisted research synthesis at a 70/30 human/AI authorship ratio, fully disclosed. All analysis, conclusions, and editorial judgments are those of Scott Kesterson. AFFILIATE LINKS Bards Nation Health Store: www.bardsnationhealth.com MYPillow promo code: BARDS >> Go to https://www.mypillow.com/bards and use the promo code BARDS or... Call 1-800-975-2939.  EMPShield protect your vehicles and home. Promo code BARDS: Click here Treadlite Broadforks...best garden tool EVER. Promo code BARDS26: TreadliteBroadforks.com EnviroKlenz Air Purification, promo code BARDS to save 10%: www.enviroklenz.com Morning Intro Music Provided by Brian Kahanek: www.briankahanek.com Founders Bible 20% discount code: BARDS >>> TheFoundersBible.com Windblown Media 20% Discount with promo code BARDS: windblownmedia.com White Oak Pastures Grassfed Meats, Get $20 off any order $150 or more. Promo Code BARDS: www.whiteoakpastures.com/BARDS Mission Darkness Faraday Bags and RF Shielding. Promo code BARDS: Click here DONATIONS: If you wish to support this podcast directly you can donate here... DONATE: Click here MAILING ADDRESS: Xpedition Cafe, LLC Attn. Scott Kesterson 591 E Central Ave, #740

Männer wie Washington, Jefferson oder Franklin gelten als Gründerväter der USA. Einer fehlt aber immer: Thomas Paine. Als gelernter Korsettmacher reiste er von England in die Neue Welt. Dort will er die Ideen der Aufklärung durchsetzen. Mit "Common Sense" schrieb Paine die Grundlage für die Unabhängigkeitserklärung. Sein persönliches Problem: Er war wenig diplomatisch. Ein Podcast von Susi Weichselbaumer (BR 2023)

Newt talks with legal scholar Jonathan Turley about his bestseller, Rage and the Republic. Turley reveals why Thomas Paine — flawed, brilliant, nearly impossible to like — was the most fascinating figure he's ever researched, and traces Paine's improbable rise from failed Englishman to "penman of the revolution" under Benjamin Franklin's wing. The conversation turns to the French Revolution's unbound passions versus America's structured path to liberty, drawing uneasy parallels to today's unrest in cities like Minneapolis. Turley and Newt dig into socialism's resurgence among young Americans and Europeans, the EU's bureaucratic unraveling, and the coming disruption from AI and robotics. They close on America's 250th anniversary and what it truly means to be American in a revolutionary age.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A mediados del siglo XVIII las trece colonias de Norteamérica eran una dependencia británica de ultramar en plena expansión. El número de colonos no hacía más que aumentar y sus ciudades y puertos prosperaban. Sus habitantes se sentían británicos, hablaban inglés, eran mayoritariamente protestantes y se enorgullecían de pertenecer al país que había frenado el absolutismo con la revolución gloriosa de 1688. Cada colonia se gobernaba a sí misma mediante una asamblea local que era una réplica en miniatura del parlamento de Westminster. Las relaciones con la metrópoli eran fluidas y todo marchaba bien. Ese equilibrio cómodo, sostenido durante generaciones por la desidia administrativa de los británicos y el contrabando que suavizaba las políticas mercantilistas que salían de Londres, saltó por los aires tras la guerra de los Siete Años, que se libró en parte en Norteamérica. Los británicos ganaron, pero esa victoria salió cara. El gobierno decidió entonces que las colonias debían sufragar su propia defensa. La Proclamación de 1763, la ley del Azúcar de 1764 y, sobre todo, la ley del Timbre de 1765 provocaron una agria reacción entre los colonos, que se negaban a pagar impuestos si no tenían antes representación en el parlamento. Las Leyes de Townshend de 1767 avivaron el conflicto con nuevos aranceles destinados a pagar los salarios de los funcionarios reales destinados en las colonias, que dejarían además de estar controlados por las asambleas locales. Los colonos empezaron entonces a declarar boicots y Boston, una importante ciudad portuaria, se convirtió en el foco de la resistencia. La tensión fue escalando hasta que el 5 de marzo de 1770 se produjo la llamada masacre de Boston, que encendió los ánimos entre los colonos. Tres años más tarde la ley del Té de 1773 hizo estallar el motín del Té. Un grupo de agitadores arrojó 342 cofres cargados de té por la borda de tres navíos de la Compañía de las Indias Orientales. La respuesta fueron las conocidas como “leyes intolerables”, que, en lugar de aislar a Boston, suscitaron la solidaridad de las demás colonias. En septiembre de 1774 se reunió en Filadelfia el Primer Congreso Continental, que coordinó un boicot pero manteniendo abierta la puerta al diálogo con la Corona. La distancia y la lentitud de las comunicaciones alimentaron la desconfianza mutua y ambos bandos se prepararon para la guerra. La chispa saltó en abril de 1775 en Lexington y Concord, dos pequeñas localidades cercanas a Boston. El Segundo Congreso Continental nombró a George Washington comandante del Ejército Continental, y tras la batalla de Bunker Hill y el rechazo por parte del rey de la Petición de la Rama de Olivo, la ruptura se hizo inevitable. En enero de 1776 Thomas Paine publicó “Sentido Común”, un panfleto que abogaba directamente por la independencia. Poco después el Congreso nombró a un comité de cinco miembros para que redactasen la declaración de independencia. El encargado de hacerlo fue Thomas Jefferson, luego el congreso dio forma final al documento, lo aprobó el el 2 de julio y dos días después anunció formalmente que las colonias se independizaban. La guerra, que ya había dado comienzo, se prolongó unos años hasta que la paz de París de 1783 consagró la independencia de una confederación que adoptó el nombre de Estados Unidos de América. En El ContraSello: 0:00 Introducción 3:53 La independencia de Estados Unidos 1:17:12 Historia del español Bibliografía: “The glorious cause” de Robert Middlekauff - https://amzn.to/4xJHCiV “1776: el nacimiento de una nación” de David McCullough - https://amzn.to/4uUBTUI “La Declaración de la Independencia de Estados Unidos” de Thomas Jefferson - https://amzn.to/3SN0Rbn “Sentido común y Ocho cartas a los ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos de Thomas Paine - https://amzn.to/4xUGPfo “La construcción de Estados Unidos” de Jordi Figuerola - https://amzn.to/4ewTFZC #FernandoDiazVillanueva #1776 #independencia Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

The Author Events Series presents Danielle Allen | Radical Duke An explosive, deeply revisionist work that reveals how a renegade English Duke and Thomas Paine, the firebrand polemicist, almost brought the American Revolution to Britain. When Danielle Allen discovered a parchment of the Declaration of Independence buried away in Sussex, England, little did she know that she had stumbled onto a larger story that fundamentally changes our understanding of eighteenth-century British and American history. Demonstrating in Radical Duke that the Age of Revolution began neither with Boston patriots nor with Parisian Jacobins, Allen shows how Charles Lennox, the progressive Third Duke of Richmond, along with radical pamphleteer Thomas Paine secretly fomented a political revolution in which they supported their rebelling American brethren, led the first proposals for universal manhood suffrage, and argued for freedom of the press and religious toleration. Identifying for the first time the anonymous authors of Britain's seditious Junius letters and revealing that Paine cowrote The Juryman's Touchstone of 1771, Radical Duke sets the historical record straight, conjoining radical thought in America and Britain and revealing the complex foundation of modern constitutional monarchy and our own age. Danielle Allen is the James Bryant Conant University Professor at Harvard University and author of Justice by Means of Democracy, Cuz, and Our Declaration, winner of the Parkman Prize. A member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the American Academy of Sciences and Letters, she lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Because you love Author Events, please make a donation when you register for this event to ensure that this series continues to inspire Philadelphians. Books will be available for purchase at the library on event night! All tickets are non-refundable. (recorded 6/9/2026)

A series of 16 influential political pamphlets published between 1776 and 1783 during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) titled The American Crisis, or simply The Crisis, by eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher and author Thomas Paine — an Englishman living in the colonies who signed his essays anonymously as "Common Sense," the title of his earlier influential work. Each essay, bolstered the morale of the American colonists to fight hard for their independence, appealed to the English to support the colonist's cause, clarified the issues at stake, and denounced any type of negotiated peace. The essays were gathered into one volume in 1882, showcasing the iconic opening line: "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman." The American Crisis by Thomas Paine at https://amzn.to/4dKKClU Common Sense by Thomas Paine (book) available at https://amzn.to/3MKX77b Writings of Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/3MCaFC2 Books about Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/4s3qxOg ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you). Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM Audio credits: The American Crisis by Thomas Paine (a LibriVox production read by volunteers and coordinated by Michele Fry, 2014). See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A series of 16 influential political pamphlets published between 1776 and 1783 during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) titled The American Crisis, or simply The Crisis, by eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher and author Thomas Paine — an Englishman living in the colonies who signed his essays anonymously as "Common Sense," the title of his earlier influential work. Each essay, bolstered the morale of the American colonists to fight hard for their independence, appealed to the English to support the colonist's cause, clarified the issues at stake, and denounced any type of negotiated peace. The essays were gathered into one volume in 1882, showcasing the iconic opening line: "These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman." The American Crisis by Thomas Paine at https://amzn.to/4dKKClU Common Sense by Thomas Paine (book) available at https://amzn.to/3MKX77b Writings of Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/3MCaFC2 Books about Thomas Paine available at https://amzn.to/4s3qxOg ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you). Mark Vinet's HISTORICAL JESUS podcast at https://parthenonpodcast.com/historical-jesus Mark's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9 X (twitter): https://twitter.com/MarkVinet_HNA Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/denarynovels Mark's books: https://amzn.to/3k8qrGM Audio credits: The American Crisis by Thomas Paine (a LibriVox production read by volunteers and coordinated by Michele Fry, 2014). See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Today On The Eric Metaxas Show, Eric talks with Michael Troy, host of The American Revolution Podcast, about the fascinating stories behind America's founding, George Washington's leadership, the rivalry and ambition of Horatio Gates and Charles Lee, the Battle of Camden, Washington's retreat across the East River, the crossing of the Delaware, Thomas Paine, and why Americans need to recover the real story of the Revolution during the nation's 250th anniversary. Subscribe for clips from The Eric Metaxas Show to hear politics and culture from a Christian perspective.⭐ PRE-ORDER TODAY:Revolution: The Birth of the Greatest Nation in the History of the World

Edward J. Larson details how, during a grueling retreat through New Jersey, Thomas Paine's The American Crisisrevitalized colonial spirits. British and Hessian atrocities against civilians further alienated the population and strengthened the resolve for independence. (13/16)1780

SCHEDULE THE JOHN BATCHELOR SHOW-5-25-2026.1789 NEW YORK.Guest Author Josh Ireland discusses his book The Death of Trotsky: The True Story of the Plot to Kill Stalin's Greatest Enemy. The Russian Revolution began with Bolshevik fanatics using violence to impose their will on the masses. Irelandexplains the emerging rivalry between Trotsky and Stalin amidst the brutal purge of original revolutionaries. (1/16)In The Death of Trotsky, Josh Ireland describes how the intellectual Trotsky and bureaucratic Stalin competed for power following Lenin's death. Stalin maneuvered patiently to isolate Trotsky, who missed Lenin's funeral while recovering from a mysterious and poorly timed illness. (2/16)Josh Ireland explains that Trotsky was expelled from the Politburo after labeling Stalin the "gravedigger of the revolution." He began a global exile, eventually finding sanctuary in Mexico at the invitation of muralist Diego Rivera. (3/16)Josh Ireland details how, in Mexico, Trotsky faced constant threats from Stalin's assassins. Despite the fortified walls of his compound, the NKVD relentlessly monitored his correspondence and successfully infiltrated his inner circle with undercover agents. (4/16)Josh Ireland recounts how the Mercader family, led by the radicalized Caridad, was recruited by the NKVD during the Spanish Civil War. Her son Ramon was trained as a ruthless agent capable of carrying out high-stakes assassinations. (5/16)Josh Ireland describes how Ramon Mercader seduced Sylvia Ageloff to penetrate Trotsky's inner circle under a false identity. Meanwhile, a chaotic machine-gun raid by Stalinist gunmen failed to kill Trotsky, leading to even tighter security measures. (6/16)Josh Ireland recounts how Ramon Mercader used a mountaineer's ice pick to fatally wound Trotsky inside his study. Captured by guards, Ramon maintained a web of lies to conceal his true role as a Soviet operative. (7/16)Josh Ireland explains that following Trotsky's death, Ramon served twenty years in a Mexican prison before returning to Moscow as a hero. Trotsky's wife, Natalia, lived a diminished final chapter after losing her entire family. (8/16)Guest Author Edward J. Larson discusses his book Declaring Independence: Why 1776 Matters. The unprovoked burning of Norfolk, Virginia, by the Royal Navy in January 1776 served as a catalyst for independence. This violence convinced many colonists that reconciliation with the British Crown was impossible. (9/16)In Declaring Independence, Edward J. Larson describes how Henry Knox executed a daring winter transport of heavy artillery from Fort Ticonderoga to Boston. This logistical feat allowed Washington to fortify Dorchester Heights, forcing the British to evacuate the city. (10/16)Edward J. Larson recounts how Washington attempted to defend New York against a massive British armada. The Howe brothers tried to negotiate a peace deal, but American commitment to independence remained firm despite the overwhelming force. (11/16)Edward J. Larson explains that George Mason drafted the Virginia Declaration of Rights while Washington realized he must preserve his army through retreat. The revolution shifted toward establishing independent state governments based on popular sovereignty. (12/16)Edward J. Larson details how, during a grueling retreat through New Jersey, Thomas Paine's The American Crisisrevitalized colonial spirits. British and Hessian atrocities against civilians further alienated the population and strengthened the resolve for independence. (13/16)Edward J. Larson recounts how Abigail Adams urged her husband to "remember the ladies" during the debates over independence. Revolutionary ideals of equality began to raise significant questions regarding the status of women and enslaved people. (14/16)Edward J. Larson describes how Washington led a desperate Christmas crossing of the Delaware River to surprise the Hessians at Trenton. The subsequent victory at Princeton provided the moral triumph needed to sustain the struggling Continental Army. (15/16)Edward J. Larson explains that the formal signing of the Declaration of Independence marked a permanent break with monarchy. New state constitutions prioritized popular sovereignty, establishing the rule of law as the foundation of the Republic. (16/16)