Podcasts about british east india company

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 1, 2025 23:15

Episode 212 it is - we're cruising into 1858 but wait! The sounds of gunfire! Yes, it's that old South African tune, war, set to the music of the guns. Our society is steeped in action, movement, confrontation. This is not a place for the insipid, the weak, the fearful. Whatever our belief system or our personal politics, what cannot be disputed is that the country and our ways are those of the warrior. This is an uncomfortable truth for metropolitans who are more used to single latte's than sling shots. Globally, 1858 is full of momentous events and incidents. It was the year in which Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace present their papers on evolution by natural selection in London. In India, a peace treaty ends the Indian Rebellion and later in the year the British parliament passes the Government of India Act. This transfers the territories of the British East India Company and their administration to the Direct Rule of the British Crown. The great stink in London led parliament to a bill to create modern sewerage system after the dreadful odours wafting about the British capital during the summer. Another young girl dreams up appiritions in the mode of Nongqawuse who dreamed up the cattle Killings - this time its Bernadette Soubirous who claims she saw several appritions appeared before her in the southern French town of Lourdes. Without going into too many gory details, around Ash Wednesday a woman appeared before her inside a grotto and after three appearances over time, began to talk. By October, the government had shut down the grotto there were so many people pitching up to take part in what was called a miracle. A miracle only she could see. Strange how these stories in this period repeated themselves. Back in Africa, David Livingstones six-year long second Zambezi expedition arrived on the Indian Ocean coast. Which is an important moment because inland, the tension between the Boers of the Free State and King Moshoeshoe of Basutoland had been exacerbated. A drought was reported in the region in 1858 which exacerbated everything. The Volksraad met in February 1858. They were faced with a request for help to deal with Posholi signed by a field-cornet and sixty five other burghers in the disputed area.Later in February 1858 Smithfield Landdrost Jacobus Sauer sent more news from the badlands - Posholi was, in his words, parading through Smithfield district with warriors and when accosted, said he was on a hunting expedition. When the Commando eventually gathered, there were one thousand armed and mounted Boers. Which was exactly ten percent the size of the Basotho force of ten thousand, all mounted with at least five hundred firearms. Back at the Thaba Bosiu ranch, Moshoeshoe was a sea of calm. It was now war and the king along with the territorial chiefs and councillors, put their plans into motion. They'd faced this kind of attack before, the British had raided them in 1852 if you recall. That had ended in disaster for the empire, so Moshoeshoe was not rattled by the latest assault on his independence.

Episode 212 - The Basotho-Boer War of 1858 leads to a Burgher Backfire

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Play Episode Listen Later Mar 1, 2025 23:15

Episode 212 it is - we're cruising into 1858 but wait! The sounds of gunfire! Yes, it's that old South African tune, war, set to the music of the guns. Our society is steeped in action, movement, confrontation. This is not a place for the insipid, the weak, the fearful. Whatever our belief system or our personal politics, what cannot be disputed is that the country and our ways are those of the warrior. This is an uncomfortable truth for metropolitans who are more used to single latte's than sling shots. Globally, 1858 is full of momentous events and incidents. It was the year in which Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace present their papers on evolution by natural selection in London. In India, a peace treaty ends the Indian Rebellion and later in the year the British parliament passes the Government of India Act. This transfers the territories of the British East India Company and their administration to the Direct Rule of the British Crown. The great stink in London led parliament to a bill to create modern sewerage system after the dreadful odours wafting about the British capital during the summer. Another young girl dreams up appiritions in the mode of Nongqawuse who dreamed up the cattle Killings - this time its Bernadette Soubirous who claims she saw several appritions appeared before her in the southern French town of Lourdes. Without going into too many gory details, around Ash Wednesday a woman appeared before her inside a grotto and after three appearances over time, began to talk. By October, the government had shut down the grotto there were so many people pitching up to take part in what was called a miracle. A miracle only she could see. Strange how these stories in this period repeated themselves. Back in Africa, David Livingstones six-year long second Zambezi expedition arrived on the Indian Ocean coast. Which is an important moment because inland, the tension between the Boers of the Free State and King Moshoeshoe of Basutoland had been exacerbated. A drought was reported in the region in 1858 which exacerbated everything. The Volksraad met in February 1858. They were faced with a request for help to deal with Posholi signed by a field-cornet and sixty five other burghers in the disputed area.Later in February 1858 Smithfield Landdrost Jacobus Sauer sent more news from the badlands - Posholi was, in his words, parading through Smithfield district with warriors and when accosted, said he was on a hunting expedition. When the Commando eventually gathered, there were one thousand armed and mounted Boers. Which was exactly ten percent the size of the Basotho force of ten thousand, all mounted with at least five hundred firearms. Back at the Thaba Bosiu ranch, Moshoeshoe was a sea of calm. It was now war and the king along with the territorial chiefs and councillors, put their plans into motion. They'd faced this kind of attack before, the British had raided them in 1852 if you recall. That had ended in disaster for the empire, so Moshoeshoe was not rattled by the latest assault on his independence.

Coffee Inflation

Let's Know Things

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 25, 2025 18:42

This week we talk about arabica, robusta, and profit margins.We also discuss colonialism, coffee houses, and religious uppers.Recommended Book: On Writing and Worldbuilding by Timothy HicksonTranscriptLike many foods and beverages that contain body- or mind-altering substances, coffee was originally used, on scale at least, by people of faith, leveraging it as an aid for religious rituals. Sufis in what is today Yemen, back in the early 15th century, consumed it as a stimulant which allowed them to more thoroughly commit themselves to their worship, and it was being used by the Muslim faithful in Mecca around the same time.By the following century, it spread to the Levant, and from there it was funneled into larger trade routes and adopted by civilizations throughout the Mediterranean world, including the Ottomans, the Mamluks, groups in Italy and Northern Africa, and a few hundred years later, all the way over to India and the East Indies.Western Europeans got their hands on this beverage by the late 1600s, and it really took off in Germany and Holland, where coffee houses, which replicated an establishment type that was popularized across the Muslim world the previous century, started to pop up all over the place; folks would visit these hubs in lieu of alehouses, subbing in stimulants for depressants, and they were spaces in which it was appropriate for people across the social and economic strata to interact with each other, playing board games like chess and backgammon, and cross-pollinating their knowledge and beliefs.According to some scholars, this is part of why coffee houses were banned in many countries, including England, where they also became popular, because those up top, including but not limited to royalty, considered them to be hotbeds of reformatory thought, political instability, and potentially even revolution. Let the people hang out with each other and allow them to discuss whatever they like, and you end up with a bunch of potential enemies, and potential threats to the existing power structures.It's also been claimed, and this of course would be difficult to definitively prove, though the timing does seem to line up, that the introduction of coffee to Europe is what led to the Enlightenment, the Age of Reason, and eventually, the Industrial Revolution. The theory being that swapping out alcohol, at least during the day, and creating these spaces in which ideas and understandings and experiences could be swapped, without as much concern about social strata as in other popular third places, spots beyond the home and work, that allowed all sorts of political ideas to flourish, it helped inventions become realized—in part because there were coffee houses that catered to investors, one of which eventually became the London Stock Exchange—but also because it helped people organize, and do so in a context in which they were hyper-alert and aware, and more likely to engage in serious conversation; which is a stark contrast to the sorts of conversations you might have when half- or fully-drunk at an alehouse, exclusively amongst a bunch of your social and economic peers.If it did play a role in those movements, coffee was almost certainly just one ingredient in a larger recipe; lots of variables were swirling in these areas that seem to have contributed to those cultural, technological, economic, and government shifts.The impact of such beverages on the human body and mind, and human society aside, though, coffee has become globally popular and thus, economically vital. And that's what I'd like to talk about today; coffee's role in the global economy, and recent numbers that show coffee prices are ballooning, and are expected to balloon still further, perhaps substantially, in the coming years.—For a long while, coffee was a bit of a novelty outside of the Muslim world, even in European locales that had decently well-established coffeehouses.That changed when the Dutch East India Company started importing the beans to the Netherlands in the early 17th century. By the mid-1600s they were bringing commercial-scale shipments of the stuff to Amsterdam, which led to the expansion of the beverage's trade-range throughout Europe.The Dutch then started cultivating their own coffee crops in colonial territories, including Ceylon, which today is called Sri Lanka, and the island of Java. The British East India Company took a similar approach around the same time, and that eventually led to coffee bean cultivation in North America; though it didn't do terribly well there, initially, as tea and alcoholic beverages were more popular with the locals. In the late 18th century, though, North Americans were boycotting British tea and that led to an uptick in coffee consumption thereabouts, though this paralleled a resurgence in tea-drinking back in Britain, in part because they weren't shipping as much tea to their North American colonies, and in part because they conquered India, and were thus able to import a whole lot more tea from the thriving Indian tea industry.The Americas became more important to the burgeoning coffee trade in the mid-1700s after a French naval officer brought a coffee plant to Martinique, in the Caribbean, and that plant flourished, serving as the source of almost all of today's arabica coffee beans, as it was soon spread to what is today Haiti, and by 1788, Haiti's coffee plantations provided half the world's coffee.It's worth remembering that this whole industry, the portion of it run by the Europeans, at least, was built on the back of slaves. These Caribbean plantations, in particular, were famously abusive, and that abuse eventually resulted in the Haitian revolution of 1791, which five years later led to the territory's independence.That said, coffee plantations elsewhere, like in Brazil and across other parts of South and Central America, continued to flourish throughout this period, colonialists basically popping into an area, conquering it, and then enslaving the locals, putting them to work on whatever plantations made the most sense for the local climate.Many of these conquered areas and their enslaved locals were eventually able to free themselves, though in some cases it took a long time—about a century, in Brazil's case.Some plantations ended up being maintained even after the locals gained their freedom from their European conquerers, though. Brazil's coffee industry, for instance, began with some small amount of cultivation in the 1720s, but really started to flourish after independence was won in 1822, and the new, non-colonialist government decided to start clearing large expanses of rainforest to make room for more, and more intensive plantations. By the early 1900s, Brazil was producing about 70% of the world's coffee exports, with their neighbors—Colombia and Guatemala, in particular—making up most of the rest. Eurasian producers, formerly the only places where coffee was grown, remember, only made up about 5% of global exports by that time.The global market changed dramatically in the lead-up to WWII, as Europe was a primary consumer of these beans, and about 40% of the market disappeared, basically overnight, because the continent was spending all their resources on other things; mostly war-related things.An agreement between South and Central American coffee producing countries and the US helped shore-up production during this period, and those agreements allowed other Latin American nations to develop their own production infrastructure, as well, giving Brazil more hemispheric competition.And in the wake of WWII, when colonies were gaining their independence left and right, Ivory Coast and Ethiopia also became major players in this space. Some burgeoning Southeast Asian countries, most especially Vietnam, entered the global coffee market in the post-war years, and as of the 2020s, Brazil is still the top producer, followed by Vietnam, Indonesia, Colombia, and Ethiopia—though a few newer entrants, like India, are also gaining market share pretty quickly.As of 2023, the global coffee market has a value of around $224 billion; that figure can vary quite a lot based on who's numbers you use, but it's in the hundreds of billions range, whether you're looking just at beans, or including the ready-to-drink market, as well, and the growth rate numbers are fairly consistent, even if what's measured and the value placed on it differs depending on the stats aggregator you use.Some estimates suggest the market will grow to around $324 billion, an increase of around $100 billion, by 2030, which would give the coffee industry a compound annual growth rate that's larger than that of the total global caffeinated beverage market; and as of 2023, coffee accounts for something like 87% of the global caffeinated beverage market, so it's already the dominant player in this space, and is currently, at least, expected to become even more dominant by 2030.There's concern within this industry, however, that a collection of variables might disrupt that positive-seeming trajectory; which wouldn't be great for the big corporations that sell a lot of these beans, but would also be really bad, beyond shareholder value, for the estimated 25 million people, globally, who produce the beans and thus rely on the industry to feed their families, and the 100-110 million more who process, distribute, and import coffee products, and who thus rely on a stable market for their paychecks.Of those producers, an estimated 12.5 million work on smaller farms of 50 acres or less, and 60% of the world's coffee is made by people working on such smallholdings. About 44% of those people live below the World Bank's poverty metric; so it's already a fairly precarious economic situation for many of the people at the base-level of the production system, and any disruptions to what's going on at any level of the coffee industry could ripple across that system pretty quickly; disrupting a lot of markets and local economies, alongside the human suffering such disruptions could cause.This is why recent upsets to the climate that have messed with coffee crops are causing so much anxiety. Rising average temperatures, bizarre cold snaps, droughts, heavy and unseasonable rainfalls—in some cases all of these things, one after another—combined with outbreaks of plant diseases like coffee rust, have been putting a lot of pressure on this industry, including in Brazil and Vietnam, the world's two largest producers, as of the mid-2020s.In the past year alone, because of these and other externalities, the price of standard-model coffee beans has more than doubled, and the specialty stuff has seen prices grow even more than that.Higher prices can sometimes be a positive for those who make the now-more-expensive goods, if they're able to charge more but keep their expenses stable.In this case, though, the cost of doing business is going up, because coffee makers have to spend more on protecting their crops from diseases, losing crops because of those climate issues, and because of disruptions to global shipping channels. That means profit margins have remained fairly consistent rather than going up: higher cost to make, higher prices for consumers, about the same amount of money being made by those who work in this industry and that own the brands that put coffee goods on shelves.The issue, though, is that the cost of operation is still going up, and a lot of smallholders in particular, which again, produce about 60% of all the coffee made, worldwide, are having trouble staying solvent. Their costs of operation are still going up, and it's not a guarantee that consumers will be willing to continue spending more and more and more money on what's basically a commodity product; there are a lot of caffeinated beverages, and a lot of other types of beverage they could buy instead, if coffee becomes too pricy.And at this point, in the US, for instance, the retail price of ground roast coffee has surpassed an average of $7 per pound, up 15% in the past year. Everyone's expecting that to keep climbing, and at some point these price increases will lose the industry customers, which in turn could create a cascading effect that kills off some of these smaller producers, which then raises prices even more, and that could create a spiral that's difficult to stop or even slow.Already, this increase in prices, even for the traditionally cheaper and less desirable robusta coffee bean, has led some producers to leave coffee behind and shift to more consistently profitable goods; many plantations in Vietnam, for instance, have converted some of their facilities over to durian fruit, instead of robusta, and that's limited the supply of robusta, raising the prices of that bean, which in turn is causing some producers of robusta to shift to arabica, which is typically more expensive, and that's meant more coffee on the market is of the more expensive variety, adding to those existing price increases.The futures markets on which coffee beans are traded are also being upended by these pricing issues, resulting in margin calls on increasingly unprofitable trades that, in short, have necessitated that more coffee traders front money for their bets instead of just relying on short positions that have functioned something like insurance paid with credit based on further earnings, and this has put many of them out of business—and that, you guessed it, has also resulted in higher prices, and more margin calls, which could put even more of them out of business in the coming years.There are ongoing efforts to reorganize how the farms at the base on this industry are set up, both in terms of how they produce their beans, and in terms of who owns what, and who profits, how. This model typically costs more to run, and results in less coffee production: in some cases 25% less. But it also results in more savings because trees last up to twice as long, the folks who work the farms are much better compensated, and less likely to suffer serious negative health impacts from their labor, and the resultant coffee is of a much higher quality; kind of a win win win situation for everyone, though again, it's less efficient, so up till now the model hasn't really worked beyond some limited implementations, mostly in Central America.That could change, though, as these larger disruptions in the market could also make room for this type of segue, and indeed, there has apparently been more interest in it, because if the beans are going to cost more, anyway, and the current way of doing things doesn't seem to work consistently anymore, and might even collapse over the next decade if something doesn't change, it may make sense, even to the soulless accounting books of major global conglomerates, to reset the industry so that it's more resilient, and so that the people holding the whole sprawling industry up with their labor are less likely to disappear some day, due to more favorable conditions offered by other markets, or because they're simply worked to death under the auspices of an uncaring, fairly brutal economic and climatic reality.Show Noteshttps://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/22/business/coffee-prices-climate-change.htmlhttps://web.archive.org/web/20100905180219/https://www.web-books.com/Classics/ON/B0/B701/12MB701.htmlhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1246099?origin=crossrefhttps://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2025/jan/07/coffee-prices-australia-going-up-cafe-flat-white-costhttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y37dvlr70ohttps://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/28/business/coffee-prices-climate-change.htmlhttps://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/coffee-prices-food-inflation-climate-change-eggs-bank-of-america-2025-2https://www.statista.com/statistics/675807/average-prices-arabica-and-robusta-coffee-worldwide/https://www.ft.com/content/9934a851-c673-4c16-86eb-86e30bbbaef3https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/01/business/your-coffees-about-to-get-more-expensive-heres-why/index.htmlhttps://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/caffeinated-beverage-market-38053https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/caffeinated-beverage-markethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffeehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_coffeehouses_in_the_17th_and_18th_centurieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffeehousehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_coffeehttps://sites.udel.edu/britlitwiki/the-coffeehouse-culture/https://www.openculture.com/2021/08/how-caffeine-fueled-the-enlightenment-industrial-revolution-the-modern-world.html This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit letsknowthings.substack.com/subscribe

52 | What About India? Part I: Mughals, British, and the Causes of Poverty ~ Bishnupriya Gupta

On Humans

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 14, 2025 67:13

Following the success of last year's ⁠What About China ⁠-trilogy, I'm delighted to introduce a two-part series on the economic history of India. This series examines the origins of modern India by focusing on politics, poverty, and the experience of ordinary Indians from 1600 till today.The first episode covers the decline of the Mughals and the hugely controversial rule of the British East India Company and, later, the British Crown.One thing is clear: Most Indians lived in poverty when the British left. So, how much of Indian poverty was due to British policies? How much was shaped by deeper trends? And what should we make of those infamous railways?To tackle these questions, I'm joined by Bishnupriya Gupta, a professor of economics at the University of Warwick and one of the world's leading historians of the Indian economy. Her new book, ⁠An Economic History of India⁠, provides a uniquely objective and data-driven exploration of India's history, focusing on the well-being of ordinary people.In this episode, we discuss:Indian vs English living standards in 1600 / The impact of British colonialism on India's economy / The Great Famines of Bengal / What both imperial apologists and Indian nationalists get wrong about the British rule. In the end, Gupta also explains why Mahatma Gandhi's education might be a clue as to why India lagged behind East Asia in the 20th Century. Enjoy — and stay tuned for Part II on the era of Independence!MENTIONSBooks: An Economic History of India by Bishnupriya Gupta; The Great Divergence by Kenneth Pomerantz; Other scholars: Stephen Broadberry | Prasannan Parthasarathy | Nico Voigtländer & Hans-Joachim Voth | Indrajit Ray | Oded Galor (see episodes #12 and #13) On Humans episode: What About China (with Yasheng Huang, #44-46); Birth of Modern Prosperity (with Daron Acemoglu; Oded Galor, Brad DeLong; Branko Milanovic, after #40) Keywords: Mughal India | British colonialism | British Rad | East India Company | Indian nationalism | Indian deindustrialisation | Cotton trade | Indian railways | Primary vs higher education | Great Bengali faminesLINKSRead more at ⁠⁠⁠OnHumans.Substack.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. You can also find On Humans on ⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠BlueSky⁠⁠!Feeling generous? Join the wonderful group of my patrons at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Patreon.com/OnHumans⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠or get in touch for other ways to support!Email: ⁠⁠makela dot ilari at outlook dot com⁠⁠⁠

Episode 44: Q4-1802 - The bloody quadrupeds

The Napoleonic Quarterly

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 5, 2025 104:27

1802. October, November, December… Three months in which the full brutality of the French approach on Haiti becomes abundantly clear… Potential threats to British control of India are worrying Richard Wellesley… And in the wastes of Afghanistan a weakened empire is creating an opportunity for Richard Wellesley to exploit. This is episode 44 of the Napoleonic Quarterly - covering three months in which conflict beyond Europe sets the tone for the years to come. [06:49] - Headline developments [32:00] - Marlene Daut on Saint-Domingue strife as key black generals turn against the brutality of the French [52:20] - Josh Provan on Afghanistan's ailing Durrani Empire [1:12:40] - Ravindra Rathee on the Treaty of Bassein between the British East India Company and the Maratha Confederacy's Peshwa Baji Rao II

225. Painting the Empire: Art of the East India Company

Empire

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 30, 2025 44:26

Company School painting is a fascinating yet often overlooked artistic tradition that emerged during the British East India Company's rule in India. Indian artists blended Mughal, Rajput, and European styles to create detailed and vibrant artworks focused on flora and fauna. What makes these paintings extraordinary is how they capture not only scientific precision but also the rich artistic traditions of India. At the heart of this story is the city of Lucknow, a hub of artistic and cultural refinement, where European imperialists like Claude Martin sought to document India's natural world. Martin, a French adventurer-turned-British officer, was so committed to this project that he imported thousands of sheets of European watercolour paper and assembled a team of Indian artists to create meticulous botanical and zoological illustrations. But as much as these paintings were a product of imperialism, they also provided an unprecedented opportunity for Indian artists to leave a lasting impression. Unlike earlier court art, which often left artists anonymous, Company School paintings are some of the first works where individual Indian painters were credited by name. Listen as William and Anita unravel the intricate web of art, science, and empire, revealing a world where botanical illustrations were not just scientific tools, but also symbols of a rapidly changing society. Twitter: @Empirepoduk Email: empirepoduk@gmail.com Goalhangerpodcasts.com Assistant Producer: Becki Hills Producer: Anouska Lewis Senior Producer: Callum Hill Exec Producer: Neil Fearn Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

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Episode 207 - A Moon of Wonders and Dangers, Supernatural Horsemen and HMS Geyser Turns Tail

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 26, 2025 24:41

We're in the midst of 1856. This is the year lung sickness took hold of the country, and it's effect was to push some people of the land over the edge. Nongqawuse living in Gxarha had prophesized about salvation which was at hand. The former Anglican now born-again Xhosa Mhlakaza had thrown himself into the messianic messaging business. You heard last episode about the causes of the Xhosa Cattle Killing, now we're going to deal with how it spread. The amaXhosa were not alone. Around the world, frontier battles had lit up the globe, the pressure of these new arrivals on indigenous people had burst into flames. In Seattle, U.S. Marines had been dispatched by ship in January 1856 to suppress a Native American uprising. The First People's were resisting pressure to cede land - they were being herded into reservations and opposed the plan. Just to set the tone, a few days before the attack on Seattle, Washington Governor Isaac Stevens had declared a "war of extermination" upon the Native American Indians. Seattle was a small, four-year-old settlement in the Washington Territory that had recently named itself after Chief Seattle - a leader of the Suquamish and Duwamish peoples of central Puget Sound. In Utah, the Tintic war had broken out in the same month between the Mormons and Ute people - it ended when the Federal Government took the Ute's land but intermittent clashes and tension continued. This went on all the way to the Second World War in the twentieth century, with the Ute's demanding compensation. In India, the Nawab of Oudh, Wajid Ali Shah, was exiled to Metiabruz and his state was annexed by the British East India Company. Following our story about Surveyors in South Africa, it is interesting to note that in March 1856 The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India officially gave 'Peak XV' the height of 29 thousand and 2 feet. We know Peak XV now as Mount Everest and its actually 29 000 and 31 feet. Also in March 1856, the Great Powers signed the Treaty of Paris, ending the Crimean War. Soon thousands of British German Legion veterans of the Crimean war would arrive in South Africa. In May 1856, Queen Victoria handed Norfolk Island to the people of Pitcairn Island — famous for being descendents of the Mutiny on the Bounty. The Pitcairners land on Norfolk Island promptly extend their Pitcairn social revolution idea - to continue with women's suffrage. David Livingstone arrived in Quelimane on the Indian Ocean having taken two years to travel from Luanda in Angola on the Atlantic Ocean across Africa. And in South Africa, since April, amaXhosa had been killing their cattle upon hearing of the Prophet Nongqwase of Gxarha, whose pronouncements were now being managed by Mhlakaza her uncle. King Sarhili had visited the mysterious River and pronounced his support for her visions which spoke of salvation through cleansing of goods and cattle. Killing cattle and throwing away goods, she warned of witchcraft destroying the Xhosa, she had been spoken to by two men in a bush. Nongqawuse and her little ally, Nombanda, were visited by Xhosa from far and wide to hear her story directly. The most privileged visitors were taken to the River and the Ocean, but most of these men and women heard nothing - no voices although Nongqawuse continued to relay the two stranger's messages to those present. A minority began to claim they heard the voices. Rumours of the happenings spread like wild fire and the official sanction of King Sarhili Ka-Hintsa of the amaGcaleka removed the last doubts from many who desperately wanted this prophecy to have power. And yet most of the amaXhosa chiefs intitially opposed the prophecies, but were ground down mentally, dragged into the worse form of cattle killing by the commoners. The believers began the comprehensive work of destruction. This back and forth went on until what is known as the First Disappointment.

Episode 207 - A Moon of Wonders and Dangers, Supernatural Horsemen and HMS Geyser Turns Tail

british indian rebellions british east india company jhansi lakshmibai

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 26, 2025 24:41

We're in the midst of 1856. This is the year lung sickness took hold of the country, and it's effect was to push some people of the land over the edge. Nongqawuse living in Gxarha had prophesized about salvation which was at hand. The former Anglican now born-again Xhosa Mhlakaza had thrown himself into the messianic messaging business. You heard last episode about the causes of the Xhosa Cattle Killing, now we're going to deal with how it spread. The amaXhosa were not alone. Around the world, frontier battles had lit up the globe, the pressure of these new arrivals on indigenous people had burst into flames. In Seattle, U.S. Marines had been dispatched by ship in January 1856 to suppress a Native American uprising. The First People's were resisting pressure to cede land - they were being herded into reservations and opposed the plan. Just to set the tone, a few days before the attack on Seattle, Washington Governor Isaac Stevens had declared a "war of extermination" upon the Native American Indians. Seattle was a small, four-year-old settlement in the Washington Territory that had recently named itself after Chief Seattle - a leader of the Suquamish and Duwamish peoples of central Puget Sound. In Utah, the Tintic war had broken out in the same month between the Mormons and Ute people - it ended when the Federal Government took the Ute's land but intermittent clashes and tension continued. This went on all the way to the Second World War in the twentieth century, with the Ute's demanding compensation. In India, the Nawab of Oudh, Wajid Ali Shah, was exiled to Metiabruz and his state was annexed by the British East India Company. Following our story about Surveyors in South Africa, it is interesting to note that in March 1856 The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India officially gave 'Peak XV' the height of 29 thousand and 2 feet. We know Peak XV now as Mount Everest and its actually 29 000 and 31 feet. Also in March 1856, the Great Powers signed the Treaty of Paris, ending the Crimean War. Soon thousands of British German Legion veterans of the Crimean war would arrive in South Africa. In May 1856, Queen Victoria handed Norfolk Island to the people of Pitcairn Island — famous for being descendents of the Mutiny on the Bounty. The Pitcairners land on Norfolk Island promptly extend their Pitcairn social revolution idea - to continue with women's suffrage. David Livingstone arrived in Quelimane on the Indian Ocean having taken two years to travel from Luanda in Angola on the Atlantic Ocean across Africa. And in South Africa, since April, amaXhosa had been killing their cattle upon hearing of the Prophet Nongqwase of Gxarha, whose pronouncements were now being managed by Mhlakaza her uncle. King Sarhili had visited the mysterious River and pronounced his support for her visions which spoke of salvation through cleansing of goods and cattle. Killing cattle and throwing away goods, she warned of witchcraft destroying the Xhosa, she had been spoken to by two men in a bush. Nongqawuse and her little ally, Nombanda, were visited by Xhosa from far and wide to hear her story directly. The most privileged visitors were taken to the River and the Ocean, but most of these men and women heard nothing - no voices although Nongqawuse continued to relay the two stranger's messages to those present. A minority began to claim they heard the voices. Rumours of the happenings spread like wild fire and the official sanction of King Sarhili Ka-Hintsa of the amaGcaleka removed the last doubts from many who desperately wanted this prophecy to have power. And yet most of the amaXhosa chiefs intitially opposed the prophecies, but were ground down mentally, dragged into the worse form of cattle killing by the commoners. The believers began the comprehensive work of destruction. This back and forth went on until what is known as the First Disappointment.

Episode 92: The Rani of Rebellion

Royally Screwed

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 19, 2025 37:13

This week on Royally Screwed, we're talking about Lakshmibai, the Rani of Jhansi. Lakshmibai was a queen in India during the Rebellion of 1857, which saw the Indian population rise up against the power of the British East India Company. Though this would be far from the end of British rule in India, tune in to find out how one woman goes from a queen living a relatively privileged and peaceful life to a symbol of rebellion within a very short span of time.Subscribe for more episodes as they come.Twitter: @Denim_CreekInstagram: denimcreekproMusic:Intro/Outro: “Life O' the Lavish” - Jules Gaia, “Vapour” - Osoku, “Archipelago Exploration” - Christian Andersen, “Reconcile” - Peter Sandberg, “Dayfreak” - White Bones, “Zone Out” - Daniel Fridell, “In Next Life” - UneasyCopyright 2025, Denim Creek Productions

Sir Thomas Munro | రాయలసీమ ప్రజాబంధువు సర్ థామస్ మన్రో (1761-1827)

KiranPrabha Telugu Talk Shows

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 8, 2025 50:00

Sir Thomas Munro (1761–1827) was a distinguished British administrator and soldier who played a pivotal role in shaping British governance in India. Born in Scotland, he joined the British East India Company in 1779 and quickly gained recognition for his military and administrative skills. Munro participated in key conflicts, including the Third Anglo-Mysore War, where he proved instrumental in securing British victories against Tipu Sultan. He is best remembered for his tenure as the Governor of Madras Presidency (1820–1827), during which he implemented significant reforms. Munro pioneered the Ryotwari system, a land revenue system that dealt directly with individual farmers, bypassing middlemen and ensuring a more equitable taxation process. His approach was rooted in his deep understanding of Indian society, which he studied extensively. A firm believer in justice and fair treatment, Munro was known for his empathetic administration and efforts to improve the lives of the people under his governance. He was knighted in 1825 for his services. Tragically, he succumbed to cholera in 1827 while touring the northern districts of Madras. Munro's legacy endures as a symbol of effective governance and reform in colonial India, and his statue still stands in Chennai as a testament to his contributions. KiranPrabha narrates most interesting parts of Thomas Munro's life in this episode.

british scotland indian governor tragically chennai munro madras british east india company sir thomas tipu sultan

Legal News Mon 12/16 - ABC Settles with Sexual Abuser Trump, Judge Wynn Rescinds Retirement, Sen. Wyden Proposed Bill to Secure US Telecom

Minimum Competence

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 16, 2024 7:06

This Day in Legal History: Boston Tea PartyOn this day in 1773, a turning point in American colonial history unfolded in Boston Harbor: the Boston Tea Party. A group of American colonists, members of the secretive resistance group known as the Sons of Liberty, disguised themselves as Mohawk Native Americans and boarded three ships of the British East India Company. Under the cover of night, they dumped 342 chests of tea into the icy waters of the harbor. This protest was a defiant response to what the colonists viewed as oppressive British taxation policies, most notably the Tea Act.It is worth noting here that in one of the nation's most definitive acts of rebellion, the participants deliberately disguised themselves as Native Americans, a minority group already marginalized and subjected to colonial violence. This choice not only symbolized a rejection of British rule but also served as a strategic scapegoating mechanism—if the protest failed or was met with severe repercussions, blame could potentially be shifted onto an already vulnerable population. This act underscores a troubling dynamic: even in a moment of defiance against tyranny, the colonists perpetuated patterns of exploitation and misrepresentation, using Native identity as a convenient shield for their own rebellious actions.The Tea Act of 1773 had been designed to prop up the struggling East India Company by allowing it to sell tea directly to the colonies, bypassing colonial merchants. While the tea itself was cheaper, the act maintained a tax on tea under the Townshend Acts, reaffirming Britain's right to tax the colonies without their consent—a principle the colonists vehemently opposed as "taxation without representation."The Boston Tea Party galvanized both sides of the Atlantic. In Britain, Parliament responded with a series of punitive measures known as the Coercive Acts, or as the colonists called them, the Intolerable Acts. These acts included:* The Boston Port Act, which closed Boston Harbor to all shipping until restitution was made for the destroyed tea.* Measures strengthening British authority in Massachusetts, effectively curtailing self-governance.* The Quartering Act, forcing colonists to house British soldiers.For the colonists, the Boston Tea Party symbolized both resistance and unity. While not all supported the destruction of property, the event rallied support for the growing revolutionary movement. In time, this protest—and the severe response it provoked—would become a turning point, pushing the colonies closer to open rebellion and eventually independence.The Boston Tea Party remains a symbol of resistance to tyranny and an enduring moment in the history of legal and political dissent. It underscored the central conflict between the colonies and Britain: the issue of representation and the rights of subjects under the law, a conflict that would culminate in the American Revolution just two years later.Fourth Circuit Judge James Wynn Jr. has reversed his decision to take senior status, effectively rescinding his semi-retirement and denying President-elect Donald Trump the chance to fill his seat. Wynn, an Obama appointee, initially announced his intention to step down contingent upon the confirmation of his successor, Ryan Park, whose nomination was later withdrawn due to a lack of Senate support under a bipartisan agreement. Wynn's move follows similar reversals by two district court judges and has sparked criticism from Republican lawmakers, who allege the judges are politicizing the judicial retirement process to maintain Democratic-appointed seats. Ethical concerns have also been raised, with conservative groups filing misconduct complaints, claiming that reversing retirement decisions based on election outcomes could violate judicial ethics codes. Legally, there is no explicit prohibition against withdrawing retirement plans, but such actions are rare and can draw scrutiny if perceived as undermining the impartiality and integrity of the judiciary.Of course, one might rightly wonder why conservatives would mind not having an opportunity to fill a vacant seat if they intended to fill it with an impartial appointee. Judge Wynn Reverses Retirement Plans, Denies Trump Vacancy (2)ABC News has agreed to pay $15 million to former President Donald Trump's presidential library to settle a lawsuit over statements made by anchor George Stephanopoulos during a March interview with Rep. Nancy Mace. The lawsuit, filed in March in Florida, alleged that Stephanopoulos falsely stated Trump was found liable for rape in the civil case brought by E. Jean Carroll, with malice and disregard for the truth. As part of the settlement, ABC News will also publish a clarification by Sunday retracting the statements made during the interview. Both parties have agreed to dismiss the case, according to court filings.For clarity, Donald Trump was found liable for sexual abuse and defamation in a civil lawsuit brought by writer E. Jean Carroll. In May 2023, a jury in New York determined that Trump sexually abused Carroll during an encounter in a department store dressing room in the mid-1990s and later defamed her by publicly calling her allegations a "hoax" and making disparaging remarks about her character.The jury did not find Trump liable for rape, as defined under New York law, but awarded Carroll $5 million in damages—$2 million for the sexual abuse claim and $3 million for defamation. This distinction is important because the claim of rape under the law involves specific criteria that the jury did not believe were met, even though they concluded that Trump had engaged in other non-consensual sexual conduct.Put simply, if you were to state “Donald Trump was found liable for rape and is a rapist,” that would be incorrect – what you would want to make clear is that he was found civilly liable for sexual abuse. ABC to pay $15 million to Trump library to settle lawsuit, court documents show | ReutersSenator Ron Wyden's Secure American Communications Act seeks to mandate the FCC to establish binding cybersecurity regulations for U.S. telecommunications providers, addressing vulnerabilities exposed by the Salt Typhoon hack, a Chinese state-sponsored cyberattack targeting U.S. communications networks. This attack reportedly compromised call records, live conversations, and personal communications of high-ranking officials, including President-elect Donald Trump.The proposed bill requires telecom carriers to implement robust security measures, conduct annual vulnerability testing, and undergo independent audits, with results and compliance certifications submitted to the FCC. The legislation also seeks to address the FCC's longstanding failure to enforce a 1994 federal law mandating telecom providers secure systems from unauthorized interceptions.Wyden's initiative is part of a broader strategy to bolster communications security, including proposed legislation for encrypted communications software and restricting the export of Americans' data to adversarial nations. The draft emphasizes the need to protect Americans' privacy, reduce reliance on insecure proprietary software, and counter advanced persistent threats like those seen in the Salt Typhoon breach. Consumer and privacy advocacy groups have endorsed the bill, calling it a critical step toward securing U.S. telecommunications infrastructure against foreign espionage.Wyden Releases Draft Legislation to Secure U.S. Phone Networks Following Salt Typhoon Hack This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

India

popular Wiki of the Day

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 8, 2024 5:44

pWotD Episode 2776: India Welcome to Popular Wiki of the Day, spotlighting Wikipedia's most visited pages, giving you a peek into what the world is curious about today.With 327,180 views on Saturday, 7 December 2024 our article of the day is India.India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country in the world by area and the most populous country. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia.Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago. Their long occupation, initially in varying forms of isolation as hunter-gatherers, has made the region highly diverse, second only to Africa in human genetic diversity. Settled life emerged on the subcontinent in the western margins of the Indus river basin 9,000 years ago, evolving gradually into the Indus Valley Civilisation of the third millennium BCE. By at least 1200 BCE, an archaic form of Sanskrit, an Indo-European language, had diffused into India from the northwest. Its evidence today is found in the hymns of the Rigveda. Preserved by an oral tradition that was resolutely vigilant, the Rigveda records the dawning of Hinduism in India. The Dravidian languages of India were supplanted in the northern and western regions. By 400 BCE, stratification and exclusion by caste had emerged within Hinduism, and Buddhism and Jainism had arisen, proclaiming social orders unlinked to heredity. Early political consolidations gave rise to the loose-knit Maurya and Gupta Empires based in the Ganges Basin. Their collective era was suffused with wide-ranging creativity, but also marked by the declining status of women, and the incorporation of untouchability into an organised system of belief. The Middle kingdoms exported the Indian influences, and religions of Hinduism and Buddhism to the Southeast Asia.In the early mediaeval era, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism became established on India's southern and western coasts. Muslim armies from Central Asia intermittently overran India's northern plains, eventually founding the Delhi Sultanate and drawing northern India into the cosmopolitan networks of mediaeval Islam. Under the Rajaraja I and his son Rajendra I, the Cholas of south India became the greatest Indian state of its era, and also led to the apex of Indian influence in Southeast Asia. In the 15th century, the Vijayanagara Empire created a long-lasting composite Hindu culture in south India. In the Punjab, Sikhism emerged, rejecting institutionalised religion. The Mughal Empire, in 1526, ushered in two centuries of relative peace, leaving a legacy of luminous architecture. Gradually expanding rule of the British East India Company followed, turning India into a colonial economy but also consolidating its sovereignty. British Crown rule began in 1858. The rights promised to Indians were granted slowly, but technological changes were introduced, and modern ideas of education and public life took root. A pioneering and influential nationalist movement emerged, which was noted for nonviolent resistance and became the major factor in ending British rule. In 1947, the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two independent dominions, a Hindu-majority dominion of India and a Muslim-majority dominion of Pakistan, amid large-scale loss of life and an unprecedented migration.India has been a federal republic since 1950, governed through a democratic parliamentary system, and has been the world's most populous democracy since the time of its independence in 1947. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society. India's nominal per capita income increased from US$64 annually in 1951 to US$2,601 in 2022, and its literacy rate from 16.6% to 74%. During the same time, its population grew from 361 million to almost 1.4 billion, and India became the most populous country in 2023. From being a comparatively destitute country in 1951, India has become a fast-growing major economy and a hub for information technology services, with an expanding middle class. India has a space programme with several planned or completed extraterrestrial missions. Indian movies, music, and spiritual teachings play an increasing role in global culture. India has substantially reduced its rate of poverty, though at the cost of increasing economic inequality. India is a nuclear-weapon state, which ranks high in military expenditure. It has disputes over Kashmir with its neighbours, Pakistan and China, unresolved since the mid-20th century. Among the socio-economic challenges India faces are gender inequality, child malnutrition, and rising levels of air pollution. India's land is megadiverse, with four biodiversity hotspots. Its forest cover comprises 21.7% of its area. India's wildlife, which has traditionally been viewed with tolerance in India's culture, is supported among these forests, and elsewhere, in protected habitats.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 02:00 UTC on Sunday, 8 December 2024.For the full current version of the article, see India on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm neural Kajal.

La Compañía de las Indias, un imperio mercantil

La ContraHistoria

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 24, 2024 88:42

¡Vótame en los Premios iVoox 2024! Pocas empresas privadas a lo largo de la historia han sido tan importantes y, al mismo tiempo, controvertidas como la Compañía Holandesa de las Indias Orientales, más conocida por sus siglas VOC. Se fundó en 1602 cuando aún las Provincias Unidas peleaban por su independencia contra el rey de España y pronto se convirtió en una de las más poderosas e influyentes de la historia. Durante casi dos siglos, dominó el comercio entre Europa y Asia, estableció un inmenso imperio colonial de titularidad y dejó una huella imborrable en la economía, la política y la cultura de todos los lugares por los que pasó. Los orígenes de la compañía hay que ir a buscarlos a finales del siglo XVI, momento en el que el comercio de especias con Asia estaba dominado por los comerciantes portugueses. Ellos eran los únicos que conocían la ruta para llegar hasta allí, pero no pudieron mantener el secreto eternamente. La unión de las siete provincias del norte de los Países Bajos impulsó a los comerciantes a desafiar el monopolio portugués. En 1602, el Gobierno holandés otorgó a la VOC una carta que le concedía el monopolio del comercio con Asia y poderes extraordinarios, como la capacidad de declarar la guerra, firmar tratados, acuñar moneda y establecer colonias. Esta combinación de ambición comercial y poder político sentó las bases para el rápido ascenso de la compañía. La VOC estableció puestos comerciales en todo el Océano Índico, desde el Cabo de Buena Esperanza hasta Japón. Su centro principal se ubicó en Batavia (actual Yakarta, en Indonesia), desde donde controlaba una red comercial que abarcaba Asia, África y Europa. La compañía se enriqueció con el comercio de especias, como la pimienta, el clavo, la nuez moscada y la canela. Para asegurar el control de la producción, sus directivos implementaron un sistema de control estricto recurriendo a la fuerza para mantener alejados a los competidores europeos y para para someter a los productores locales Conforme crecía, su actividad comercial se diversificó. Además de las especias, la compañía comercializaba con té, café, seda, porcelana, algodón y otros productos provenientes de Asia. También se involucró en el comercio de esclavos, transportando personas desde África hacia sus colonias en Asia. Establecieron factorías en Sudáfrica, India, Sri Lanka y Taiwan llegando durante unos años a ser la potencia dominante en la navegación por el océano Índico. Pero, a pesar de su éxito inicial, su declive comenzó a principios del siglo XVIII. Ya no estaba tan bien administrada como en sus orígenes y entraron en liza una potencia marítima en alza contra la que nada podía hacer. Esa potencia era Inglaterra, que fue quien terminó dándole la puntilla. En 1799, la VOC fue disuelta y sus activos pasaron al gobierno holandés. La VOC fue pionera en el desarrollo de prácticas comerciales modernas, como la emisión de acciones, la creación de un sistema contable y la construcción de una poderosa flota mercante. Su influencia en la economía global fue enorme, y su modelo de empresa sirvió de inspiración para otras compañías comerciales europeas. Dejó además una profunda huella en las sociedades asiáticas donde se estableció. Su presencia transformó las economías locales, introdujo nuevos cultivos y tecnologías, y dejó un legado arquitectónico y cultural que aún es visible en ciudades como Yakarta o Colombo. En El ContraSello: 0:00 Introducción 3:47 La Compañía de las Indias, un imperio mercantil 1:15:56 Historia de Alsacia 1:22:38 Los culíes 1:27:16 Los misquitos Bibliografía: - "The Corporation that changed the World" de Nick Robbins - https://amzn.to/48nAVqr - "The Dutch East India Company and British East India Company" de Charles River - https://amzn.to/4egHUTL - "Trade or war?" de Adrian van Amstel - https://amzn.to/3NZbJ0p - "Merchant in Asia" de Els M. Jacobs - https://amzn.to/4e1RAkT · Canal de Telegram: https://t.me/lacontracronica · “Contra la Revolución Francesa”… https://amzn.to/4aF0LpZ · “Hispanos. Breve historia de los pueblos de habla hispana”… https://amzn.to/428js1G · “La ContraHistoria de España. Auge, caída y vuelta a empezar de un país en 28 episodios”… https://amzn.to/3kXcZ6i · “Lutero, Calvino y Trento, la Reforma que no fue”… https://amzn.to/3shKOlK · “La ContraHistoria del comunismo”… https://amzn.to/39QP2KE Apoya La Contra en: · Patreon... https://www.patreon.com/diazvillanueva · iVoox... https://www.ivoox.com/podcast-contracronica_sq_f1267769_1.html · Paypal... https://www.paypal.me/diazvillanueva #FernandoDiazVillanueva #holanda #voc Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Ep. 351 | The History of Singapore (Part 3)

history singapore dutch raffles malay duty free farquhar british east india company melaka

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 13, 2024 52:49

With Singapore formally established, we look at those first months and years. As soon as the document was signed, Raffles left the island and William Farquhar took over as First Resident. It would be hard to find a more capable person to manage what needed to get the new enterprise up and running. Taking advantage of his personal connections in Melaka and the political and technological dynamic of the time, Farquhar got the ball rolling in Singapore. The Dutch were outraged and plenty of fancy footwork and smooth talking needed to be done to avert a war. Singapore became an overnight sensation in the region. Many traders were attracted to Duty-Free trade. This was one reason the British East India Company wasn't willing to give in to the Dutch so fast. William Farquhar kept it all together and rose to the occasion at this most early period of Singapore's second incarnation. We'll look at the eyebrow-raising measures he took to turn on the government revenue taps and how this will all lead to his undoing. We also look at Farquhar's successor as First Resident, John Crawfurd. How he outfoxed The Temenggong Abdul Rahman and the Sultan Hussein Shah is also presented. We close with immigrants coming to Singapore in droves, soon outnumbering the local Malay populace. After peace with the Dutch was achieved in 1824, it was full speed ahead for Singapore. Four local entrepreneurs who also served as early community leaders are also introduced. These are Tan Tock Seng 陈笃生， Seah Eu Chin 佘有进, Naraina Pillai, and Syed Omar Al-Juneid. You can support my work by subscribing to my Patreon at: https://www.patreon.com/TheChinaHistoryPodcast Thank you for listening. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ep. 351 | The History of Singapore (Part 3)

history singapore dutch raffles malay duty free farquhar british east india company melaka

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 13, 2024 56:18

With Singapore formally established, we look at those first months and years. As soon as the document was signed, Raffles left the island and William Farquhar took over as First Resident. It would be hard to find a more capable person to manage what needed to get the new enterprise up and running. Taking advantage of his personal connections in Melaka and the political and technological dynamic of the time, Farquhar got the ball rolling in Singapore. The Dutch were outraged and plenty of fancy footwork and smooth talking needed to be done to avert a war. Singapore became an overnight sensation in the region. Many traders were attracted to Duty-Free trade. This was one reason the British East India Company wasn't willing to give in to the Dutch so fast. William Farquhar kept it all together and rose to the occasion at this most early period of Singapore's second incarnation. We'll look at the eyebrow-raising measures he took to turn on the government revenue taps and how this will all lead to his undoing. We also look at Farquhar's successor as First Resident, John Crawfurd. How he outfoxed The Temenggong Abdul Rahman and the Sultan Hussein Shah is also presented. We close with immigrants coming to Singapore in droves, soon outnumbering the local Malay populace. After peace with the Dutch was achieved in 1824, it was full speed ahead for Singapore. Four local entrepreneurs who also served as early community leaders are also introduced. These are Tan Tock Seng 陈笃生， Seah Eu Chin 佘有进, Naraina Pillai, and Syed Omar Al-Juneid. You can support my work by subscribing to my Patreon at: https://www.patreon.com/TheChinaHistoryPodcast Thank you for listening. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ep. 351 | The History of Singapore (Part 3)

history singapore dutch raffles malay duty free farquhar british east india company melaka

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 13, 2024 52:49

With Singapore formally established, we look at those first months and years. As soon as the document was signed, Raffles left the island and William Farquhar took over as First Resident. It would be hard to find a more capable person to manage what needed to get the new enterprise up and running. Taking advantage of his personal connections in Melaka and the political and technological dynamic of the time, Farquhar got the ball rolling in Singapore. The Dutch were outraged and plenty of fancy footwork and smooth talking needed to be done to avert a war. Singapore became an overnight sensation in the region. Many traders were attracted to Duty-Free trade. This was one reason the British East India Company wasn't willing to give in to the Dutch so fast. William Farquhar kept it all together and rose to the occasion at this most early period of Singapore's second incarnation. We'll look at the eyebrow-raising measures he took to turn on the government revenue taps and how this will all lead to his undoing. We also look at Farquhar's successor as First Resident, John Crawfurd. How he outfoxed The Temenggong Abdul Rahman and the Sultan Hussein Shah is also presented. We close with immigrants coming to Singapore in droves, soon outnumbering the local Malay populace. After peace with the Dutch was achieved in 1824, it was full speed ahead for Singapore. Four local entrepreneurs who also served as early community leaders are also introduced. These are Tan Tock Seng 陈笃生， Seah Eu Chin 佘有进, Naraina Pillai, and Syed Omar Al-Juneid. You can support my work by subscribing to my Patreon at: https://www.patreon.com/TheChinaHistoryPodcast Thank you for listening. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ep. 351 | The History of Singapore (Part 3)

history singapore dutch raffles malay duty free farquhar british east india company melaka

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 13, 2024 56:18

With Singapore formally established, we look at those first months and years. As soon as the document was signed, Raffles left the island and William Farquhar took over as First Resident. It would be hard to find a more capable person to manage what needed to get the new enterprise up and running. Taking advantage of his personal connections in Melaka and the political and technological dynamic of the time, Farquhar got the ball rolling in Singapore. The Dutch were outraged and plenty of fancy footwork and smooth talking needed to be done to avert a war. Singapore became an overnight sensation in the region. Many traders were attracted to Duty-Free trade. This was one reason the British East India Company wasn't willing to give in to the Dutch so fast. William Farquhar kept it all together and rose to the occasion at this most early period of Singapore's second incarnation. We'll look at the eyebrow-raising measures he took to turn on the government revenue taps and how this will all lead to his undoing. We also look at Farquhar's successor as First Resident, John Crawfurd. How he outfoxed The Temenggong Abdul Rahman and the Sultan Hussein Shah is also presented. We close with immigrants coming to Singapore in droves, soon outnumbering the local Malay populace. After peace with the Dutch was achieved in 1824, it was full speed ahead for Singapore. Four local entrepreneurs who also served as early community leaders are also introduced. These are Tan Tock Seng 陈笃生， Seah Eu Chin 佘有进, Naraina Pillai, and Syed Omar Al-Juneid. You can support my work by subscribing to my Patreon at: https://www.patreon.com/TheChinaHistoryPodcast Thank you for listening. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Captain James Macrae: The Buccaneer's Bane

Badass of the Week

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 20, 2024 43:58

In today's episode Ben Thompson and producer Andrew Jacobs tell the story of Captain James Macrae, a blue-collar ship captain for the British East India Company who managed to fight off two ships full of bloodthirsty pirates and lived to tell the tale.

captain tampa bay buccaneers bane ben thompson macrae british east india company andrew jacobs

Episode 89: Singapore - the Economic miracle

The Y in History

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 17, 2024 21:47

The British arrived in Singapore in January 1819 when Sir Stamford Raffles landed on the island, establishing it as a trading post for the British East India Company. Singapore declared independence from Britain in 1963 and became part of Malaysia. Due to political and cultural differences, Singapore separated from Malaysia and became independent in 1965. And that was the start of the economic miracle that saw its GDP multiply from $1 billion in 1960 to approximately $300 billion in 2014.

british britain singapore economic malaysia gdp asean british east india company lee kuan yew changi airport global city sir stamford raffles

John Company with Philip Stern

Subject Matter: Table Top

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 28, 2024 83:06

In this episode, SM:TT is joined by Philip Stern, a historian of the British empire, to play John Company 2nd Edition, a game about the rise and fall of the British East India Company. They discuss the colonial origins of the modern corporation, the complex historical relationship between public and private interests, and the capacity for games to dramatize how an empire happens.

british stern british east india company john company

The Boston Tea Party: Corporate Greed (Part 1)

The Produce Industry Podcast w/ Patrick Kelly

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 2, 2024 40:15

The Boston Tea Party marked a turning point in Colonial American-British relations, triggering a sequence of events that ultimately led to the American Revolutionary War. This act of defiance resonated deeply across the American colonies. At the heart of the conflict was the tea leaf, a commodity shipped to Britain and its colonies by the formidable British East India Company. As the world's largest corporation of its time, the British East India Company wielded not just economic influence but also increasingly acted as an imperial force in its own right.Join John and Patrick as they explore the role of the British East India Company and its impact, including its involvement in a devastating famine in India that stirred concerns in colonial America.Join the History of Fresh Produce Club (https://app.theproduceindustrypodcast.com/access/) for ad-free listening, bonus episodes, book discounts and access to an exclusive chatroom community.Instagram, TikTok, Threads:@historyoffreshproduceEmail: historyoffreshproduce@gmail.com

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The Boston Tea Party: Corporate Greed (Part 1) - The History of Fresh Produce

The Produce Industry Podcast w/ Patrick Kelly

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 2, 2024 40:15

The Boston Tea Party marked a turning point in Colonial American-British relations, triggering a sequence of events that ultimately led to the American Revolutionary War. This act of defiance resonated deeply across the American colonies. At the heart of the conflict was the tea leaf, a commodity shipped to Britain and its colonies by the formidable British East India Company. As the world's largest corporation of its time, the British East India Company wielded not just economic influence but also increasingly acted as an imperial force in its own right.Join John and Patrick as they explore the role of the British East India Company and its impact, including its involvement in a devastating famine in India that stirred concerns in colonial America.In Sponsorship with Cornell University: Dyson Cornell SC Johnson College of BusinessJoin the History of Fresh Produce Club (https://app.theproduceindustrypodcast.com/access/) for ad-free listening, bonus episodes, book discounts and access to an exclusive chatroom community.Instagram, TikTok, Threads:@historyoffreshproduceEmail: historyoffreshproduce@gmail.com

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Day 14 - Rohingya Genocide

Have a Day! w/ The History Wizard

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 18, 2024 24:04

Content warning for discussion of genocide, torture, mutilation, rape, and slavery Hey, Hi, Hello, this is the History Wizard and welcome back for Day 14 of Have a Day w/ The History Wizard. Thank you to everyone who tuned in for Day 13 last week, and especially thank you to everyone who rated and/or reviewed the podcast. I hope you all learned something last week and I hope the same for this week. This week marks the 5th part of our mini series of currently ongoing genocides and humanitarian crises. Episode 2 was on Palestine, Episode 11 was on Congo, episode 12 was on Sudan, episode 13 was on Xinjiang, and today's episode will talk about the genocide of the Rohingya people of Myanmar. It's officially the end of week 2! We made it. Congratulations one and all on surviving 2 weeks worth of weeks. As a gift for you all we're going to visit the Alchemist's Table. Today;s libation is called Prohibition Sweet Tooth. It's 1.5 ounces each of Redemption Bourbon and Creme de Cacao, followed by .75 oz of Frangelico. Shake well and pour over ice. Officially the Rohingya genocide began around 2016 and continues to this day, but as we know from every other episode we've had so far, genocide's don't just pop up out of nowhere all of the sudden. There is context, there is a roadmap of hindsight that we can follow back to, if not a starting point at least a starting line. So, first, let's talk about Myanmar. There have been homonid species living on Myanmar for about 750,000 years, first in the form of Homo erectus and then Homo sapiens starting around 25,000 years ago. Then a whole lot of history happened that, while fascinating and important, isn't strictly relevant to what we're going to discuss today. Starting on January 1, 1886 Myanmar (then called Burma) was officially annexed by the British Empire under the control of the British East India Company. Burma would remain under British rule until 1948. Burma was officially declared an independent state by an act of Parliament, specifically the Burma Independence Act 1947. Burma then remained under a civilian government until 1962, at which point it was overthrown in a coup detat and Burma (which became Myanmar officially in 1989) has been under military rule since then. Between 1962 and 1974, Myanmar was ruled by a revolutionary council headed by the general. Almost all aspects of society (business, media, production) were nationalised or brought under government control under the Burmese Way to Socialism, which combined Soviet-style nationalisation and central planning. A long series of anti-government protests resulted in a popular uprising in 1988, sometimes called the 8888 Uprising. This would lead directly to the renaming of the country from Burma to Myanmar and the country's first free, multiparty elections in 30 years. So, as you can see Myanmar has had an interesting and contentious history born of a desire for a strong sense of national unity, stability, and growth. It was the instability of the civilian government, the lack of growth, the skyrocketing crime rates, and the fear of the disintegration of Burma into several smaller nations that would lead to the 1962 coup after all. When your country has such a strong, almost rabid desire for unity and strength and national identity it always goes hand in hand with a desire for a homogenous society. The Germans in World War 2 felt it. The Ottomans in World War 1 felt it. It's what nations who fear their own collapse DO. They look for the divisive elements, the ones who don't fit the majority mold and they say “Hey, these people won't fall in line. They're dividing out country, threatening it with their different religion, culture, values, etc. We can solve all of our problems, save our country if we just… get rid of them”. Myanmar is a Buddhist majority country, by an overwhelming margin. According to the 2014 Myanmar census 90% of the country's population (of about 56 million) is Buddhist. 6.3% is Christian and just over 2% is Muslim. The Rohingya people, the subjects of our episode for today and Mulsim, so let's dive back and take a look at the history of Muslim persecution in Myanmar. The first Muslim documented in Burmese history (recorded in the Glass Palace Chronicle) was Byat Wi during the reign of Mon, a Thaton king, circa 1050 AD. The two sons of Byat Wi's brother Byat Ta, known as Shwe Byin brothers, were executed as children either because of their Islamic faith, or because they refused forced labor. Throughout the premodern era various restrictions were placed on Muslim communities in Burma. The Burmese king Bayinnaung banned Islamic ritual slaughter, thereby prohibiting Muslims from consuming halal meals of goats and chicken. He also banned Eid al-Adha and Qurbani, regarding killing animals in the name of religion as a cruel custom. Burma having largely adopted Buddhism by the 12th century CE. Although, in a strange, cruel, and somewhat ironic twist King Bodawpaya from 1782–1819 arrested four prominent Burmese Muslim Imams from Myedu and killed them in Ava, the capital, after they refused to eat pork. According to the Myedu Muslim and Burma Muslim version, Bodawpaya later apologized for the killings and recognised the Imams as saints. During the "Burma for Burmese" campaign in the late 1930s, a violent demonstration took place in Surti Bazaar, a Muslim area. When the police, who were ethnically Indian (there was a lot of anti-Indian sentiment in Burma in the 1930s, and because most Indian people living in Burma were Muslim, this also affected Muslim Burmese people), tried to break up the demonstration, three monks were injured. Images of monks being injured by ethnically Indian policemen were circulated by Burmese newspapers, provoking riots. Muslim properties, including shops and houses were looted. According to official sources, 204 Muslims were killed and over 1,000 were injured. 113 mosques were damaged. Panglong, a Chinese Muslim town in British Burma, was entirely destroyed by the Japanese invaders in the Japanese invasion of Burma in World War 2. And, after the 1962 coup all Muslim troops were expelled from the Army. And, of course, we need to talk about the 1997 Mandalay Riots. Mandalay is the second largest city in Myanmar. a mob of 1,000–1,500 Buddhist monks and others shouted anti-Muslim slogans as they targeted mosques, shop-houses, and vehicles that were in the vicinity of mosques for destruction. Looting, the burning of religious books, acts of sacrilege, and vandalizing Muslim-owned establishments were also common. At least three people were killed and around 100 monks arrested. The unrest in Mandalay allegedly began after reports of an attempted rape of a girl by Muslim men, though there's no way to know if that story is true or not. In 2001, anti-Muslim pamphlets, most notably The Fear of Losing One's Race, were widely distributed by monks. Many Muslims feel that this exacerbated the anti-Muslim feelings that had been provoked by the destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan. (The Buddhas are two giant statues in the Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan that daye from about the 6th century CE, they have long been considered a holy site by Buddhists and they were destroyed by the Talbian in 2001). And that's why on 15 May 2001, anti-Muslim riots broke out in Taungoo, Pegu division, resulting in the deaths of about 200 Muslims, in the destruction of 11 mosques and the setting ablaze of over 400 houses. On 15 May, the first day of the anti-Muslim uprisings, about 20 Muslims who were praying in the Han Tha mosque were killed and some were beaten to death by the pro-junta forces. Now, something that we need to discuss before I forget to is that since 1982 the Rohingya have been denied voting rights and citizenship within Myanmar thanks to the 1982 Citizenship Law. The law created three categories of citizenship: the first category applied to ethnic Burmans and members of the Kachin, Kayah, Karen, Mon, Arakan Buddhists, Shan, and any other ethnic group present in Myanmar prior to 1823 (though they did not include Rohingya Muslims, rendering them stateless), granted them full citizenship. The second category granted partial “associate” citizenship to the children of mixed marriages where one parents fell into the first category, as well as to individuals who had lived in Myanmar for five consecutive years, or to individuals who lived in Myanmar for eight out of the ten years prior to independence. Associate citizens could earn an income, but could not serve in political office. The third category applied to the offspring of immigrants who arrived in Myanmar during the period of British colonial rule. When we look at the state of Myanmar during the 20th century we can very clearly see Levels 3 and 4 of the Pyramid of Hate. The Pyramid of Hate was created in the mid aughts and was based on the Alport Scale of Prejudice created by psychologist Gordon Alport in the 1950s. Simply put the five levels, going from bottom to top are thoughts, words, discriminatory policy, violence towards individuals because of their membership to the group and violence against the cultural markers of the group, and finally genocide. Myanmar, very obviously has and had discriminatory policy and violence towards individuals and their cultural markers. Massacres, riots, burning Qurans and mosques all fit under level 4. But, of course, things can and did get worse. There was the 2012 Rakhine State riots. Sectarian violence erupted between the Rakhine ethnic group and the Rohingya and ended with most of the Rohingya population of Sittwe, the capital of the Rakhine State being expelled. Over the course of the riots that lasted most of June and erupted again in October a little over 160 people were killed and over 100,000 Rohingya were displaced. We are now in our time of rapid escalation of violence as the next major anti Rohingya event would occur in March of 2013. But before we talk about the 2013 riots we need to talk about the 969 Movement. The 969 is a violently Islamophobic Buddhist Nationalist organization founded and run by Ashin Wirathu. Time for a slight diversion for a fun fact: The three digits of 969 "symbolize the virtues of the Buddha, Buddhist practices and the Buddhist community". The first 9 stands for the nine special attributes of the Buddha and the 6 for the six special attributes of his Dharma, or Buddhist Teachings, and the last 9 represents the nine special attributes of Buddhist Sangha (monastic community). Those special attributes are the Three Jewels of the Buddha. Wirathu claims that he does not advocate for violence against Muslims and that all he wants is peace, and yet in a Time magazine article he had this to say: "You can be full of kindness and love, but you cannot sleep next to a mad dog", Wirathu said, referring to Muslims. "If we are weak", he said, "our land will become Muslim". The 2013 riots were particularly brutal. One incident involved several Muslim teenagers dragging a Buddhist man off of his bike and setting him on fire. As well as the deadliest incident of the riot which occurred when a Buddhist mob attacked and torched the Mingalar Zayone Islamic Boarding School. While outnumbered security forces stood by, rioters armed with machetes, metal pipes, chains, and stones killed 32 teenage students and four teachers. Now, while 2016 would be the “official” start of the genocide we would be remiss if we skipped over the 2015 refugee crisis. In 2015, hundreds of thousands of Rohingyas in Myanmar and Bangladesh fled from religious persecution and continued denial of basic rights in their home countries by means of boat travel, often through previously existing smuggling routes among the Southeast Asian waters. Many Rohingyas fled to Indonesia and Malaysia, which both adopted a stance open to acceptance of the Rohingya refugees still at sea in mid-May. And now we're at the genocide itself, though before we do that, let's take a look at that the US State Department had to say about Myanmar and Rakhine shortly before the shit hit the fan. The situation in Rakhine State is grim, in part due to a mix of long-term historical tensions between the Rakhine and Rohingya communities, socio-political conflict, socio-economic underdevelopment, and a long-standing marginalisation of both Rakhine and Rohingya by the Government of Burma. The World Bank estimates Rakhine State has the highest poverty rate in Burma (78 per cent) and is the poorest state in the country. The lack of investment by the central government has resulted in poor infrastructure and inferior social services, while lack of rule of law has led to inadequate security conditions. Members of the Rohingya community in particular reportedly face abuses by the Government of Burma, including those involving torture, unlawful arrest and detention, restricted movement, restrictions on religious practice, and discrimination in employment and access to social services. In 2012, the intercommunal conflict led to the death of nearly 200 Rohingya and the displacement of 140,000 people. Throughout 2013–2015 isolated incidents of violence against Rohingya individuals continued to take place. In 2016 a Rohingya resistance group known as Harakah al-Yaqin formed and attacked several border police posts leaving 9 officers dead and looting as many munitions as they could. In response to this the government of Myanmar immediately began cracking down on all Rohingya people as quickly and viscously as they could. In the initial operation, dozens of people were killed, and many were arrested. Casualties increased as the crackdown continued. Arbitrary arrest, extrajudicial killings, gang rapes, brutalities against civilians, and looting were carried out. Media reports stated hundreds of Rohingya people had been killed by December 2016, and many had fled Myanmar as refugees to take shelter in the nearby areas of Bangladesh. Those who fled Myanmar to escape persecution reported that women had been gang raped, men were killed, houses were torched, and young children were thrown into burning houses. Boats carrying Rohingya refugees on the Naf River were often gunned down by the Burmese military. In a report published in March 2024, the IIMM stated the military had in a "systematic and coordinated" manner "spread material designed to instil fear and hatred of the Rohingya minority". The report found military was used dozens of seemingly unrelated Facebook pages to spread hate speech against the Rohingya prior before the 2017 Rohingya genocide. This is similar in intent to the use of radio stations to spread constant anti Tutsi propaganda during the Rwandan genocide, though obviously as information technology advances methods get more sophisticated. Though I hesitate to call Facebook sophisticated.. In August 2018, a study estimated that more than 24,000 Rohingya people were killed by the Burmese military and local Buddhists since the "clearance operations" which had started on 25 August 2017. The study also estimated that over 18,000 Rohingya Muslim women and girls were raped, 116,000 Rohingyans were beaten, and 36,000 Rohingyans were thrown into fires. It was also reported that at least 6,700 to 7,000 Rohingya people including 730 children were killed in the first month alone since the crackdown started. In September 2018, the U.N. Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar released a report stating that at least 392 Rohingya villages in Rakhine State had been razed to the ground since 25 August 2017. Earlier, Human Rights Watch in December 2017 said it had found that 354 Rohingya villages in Rakhine state were burnt down and destroyed by the Myanmar military. In November 2017, both the UN officials and the Human Rights Watch reported that the Armed Forces of Myanmar had committed widespread gang rapes and other forms of sexual violence against the Rohingya Muslim women and girls for the prior three months. HRW stated that the gang rapes and sexual violence were committed as part of the military's ethnic cleansing campaign while Pramila Patten, the United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, said that the Rohingya women and girls were made the "systematic" target of rapes and sexual violence because of their ethnic identity and religion. In February 2018, it was reported that the Burmese military bulldozed and flattened the burnt Rohingya villages and mass graves in order to destroy the evidence of atrocities committed. These villages were inhabited by the Rohingya people before they were burnt down by the Burmese military during the 2017 crackdown. Since the 25 August incident, Myanmar blocked media access and the visits of international bodies to Rakhine State. Rakhine State has been called an information black hole. According to the Mission report of OHCHR (released on 11 October 2017 by the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights), the Burmenese military began a "systematic" process of driving hundreds of thousands of Rohingya from Myanmar in early August 2017. The report noted that "prior to the incidents and crackdown of 25 August, a strategy was pursued to": Arrest and arbitrarily detain male Rohingyas between the ages of 15–40 years; Arrest and arbitrarily detain Rohingya opinion-makers, leaders and cultural and religious personalities; Initiate acts to deprive Rohingya villagers of access to food, livelihoods and other means of conducting daily activities and life; Commit repeated acts of humiliation and violence prior to, during and after 25 August, to drive out Rohingya villagers en masse through incitement to hatred, violence, and killings, including by declaring the Rohingyas as Bengalis and illegal settlers in Myanmar; Instill deep and widespread fear and trauma – physical, emotional and psychological, in the Rohingya victims via acts of brutality, namely killings, disappearances, torture, and rape and other forms of sexual violence. In addition to the massive and horrific amounts of violence that are occuring, even now, inside Myanmar there is also the refugee crisis we mentioned earlier. There are over 700,000 Rohingya people who have been displaced from their homes and are living in refugee camps in surrounding countries. Most fled to Bangladesh while others escaped to India, Thailand, Malaysia, and other parts of South and Southeast Asia. On 12 September 2018, the OHCHR Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar published its report to the United Nations Human Rights Council. Following 875 interviews with victims and eyewitnesses since 2011, it concluded that "the [Burmese] military has consistently failed to respect international human rights law and the international humanitarian law principles of distinction, proportionality and precaution." Even before the most recent incident of mass Rohingya displacement began in 2011, the report found that the restrictions on travel, birth registration, and education resulting from Rohingya statelessness violated the Rohingya people's human rights. During the mass displacement of almost 725,000 Rohingya by August 2018 to neighbouring Bangladesh, as a result of persecution by the Tatmadaw, the report recorded "gross human rights violations and abuses" such as mass rape, murder, torture, and imprisonment. It also accused the Tatmadaw of crimes against humanity, genocide, and ethnic cleansing. The mission report recommended that six Burmese generals in the Tatmadaw stand trial in an international tribune for atrocities committed against the Rohingya. Despite all this the UN refuses to do anything substantive. Instead they are still trying to cooperate with the Tatmadaw and convince them to stop committing genocide. The UN has always been a useless tool of appeasement, Western imperialism, and white supremacy that refuses to hold anyone accountable. Of course, if the UN held genocidal regimes accountable they'd have to arrest the entire permanent Security Council so, the lack of accountability isn't surprising. It's why cops don't arrest other cops. You may have noticed that the dates in this episode stop after 2018, you also might remember that Myanmar has been called an information black hole. The genocide is still ongoing, nothing has gotten better and it's probably gotten worse, but getting verifiable information out of Myanmar is all but impossible at this point. Keep Myanmar in your sight. That's it for this week folks. No new reviews, so let's get right into the outro. Have a Day! w/ The History Wizard is brought to you by me, The History Wizard. If you want to see/hear more of me you can find me on Tiktok @thehistorywizard or on Instagram @the_history_wizard. Please remember to rate, review, and subscribe to Have a Day! On your pod catcher of choice. The more you do, the more people will be able to listen and learn along with you. Thank you for sticking around until the end and, as always, Have a Day, and Free Rakhine.

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Tax Resistance and Revolution: A Chat about the Indian Salt March with Partho Shome

Tax Chats

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 30, 2024 41:55

Jeff and Scott chat with Partho Shome about taxes in the colonial era in India, especially the excise tax on salt. They then discuss how these taxes lead to the famous "salt march" led by Mahatma Gandhi, which ultimately lead to Indian Independence. This experience is contrasted to the American independance movement, which also had roots in taxes levied by the British East India Company, and lessons for modern tax policy are discussed. Get CPE for listening to Tax Chats! Free CPE courses are available approximately one week after episodes are published. Visit https://earmarkcpe.com/ to download the free app. Go to the Tax Chats channel, register for the course, take a short quiz, and earn your CPE certificate.

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Special Episode from the 55th Annual ASAM Conference: Dr. Chad Elkin

The Treat Addiction Save Lives Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 13, 2024 23:56

Dr. Chad Elkin joins us from ASAM's 55th Annual Conference for a very informative conversation! He shares his experiences at ASAM conferences over the years and why he finds attending beneficial. He talks about his path into the field of addiction medicine and founding National Addiction Specialists. Dr. Elkin, soon-to-be president of the Tennessee Society of Addiction Medicine (TNSAM), discusses advocacy and other efforts happening in the state with regard to addiction and treatment. He describes the connection between dopamine and addiction and shares his extensive knowledge of the history of addiction, including the role of the British East India Company, the first opioid addiction epidemic in 1820, and the black-market trade of opium. He also discusses the current opioid epidemic and the proliferation of fentanyl in the illicit drug supply, including the origin of fentanyl precursors and how today's drug cartels operate. Dr. Chad Elkin is founder and medical director of National Addiction Specialists, a company offering addiction services for clients with substance use disorders such as opioid use disorder. He is board certified in addiction medicine and internal medicine. He serves as chairman of ASAM's Health Technology Committee, is a member of ASAM's Practice Management and Regulatory Affairs Committee (PMRAC), and State Advocacy and Legislative Affairs Committee (SALC). At the state level, he serves as legislative chairman and president-elect of TNSAM. He is also on the planning committee for the Mid-South Addiction Conference held at Vanderbilt annually. Dr. Elkin collaborates with the Tennessee Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services and state legislators to support evidence-based regulatory and legislative changes concerning addiction medicine. He is also the host of the podcast Breaking Down Addiction, which explores various addiction topics. Dr. Elkins describes himself as an eternal optimist and a 7 on the enneagram scale, craving new adventures and experiences. His passion outside of work is competitive tennis, pickleball, snow skiing, working out, and watching Novak Djokovic destroy all tennis records. He enjoys exotic vacations with his wife and kids, helping his daughters get better at tennis, reading books about the history of addiction, and learning French and Spanish on Duolingo. He loves conversations with friends, chooses uplifting success-minded colleagues, is fiercely loyal, and tries to figure out ways to help them win in business and life. Links: ASAM Annual Conference Information National Addiction Specialists Tennessee Society of Addiction Medicine (TNSAM) Breaking Down Addiction American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction, you are not alone. Treatment is available and recovery is possible. Visit ASAM's Patient Resources page for more information. The information shared in this podcast episode is for educational purposes only and should not be taken as medical advice. The views expressed in this podcast may not be those of the host or ASAM management.

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Ahilya Bai Holkar

World Herstory

Play Episode Play 33 sec Highlight Listen Later Feb 1, 2024 32:38

Discover the life of Ahilya Bai Holkar - the warrior queen of the Malwa region of the Maratha Empire. We also explore the decline of the Mughal Empire, the impact of the British East India Company, and women's roles. Support the show

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East India Company Part VI: Dancing on the Threads of History

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 31, 2024 37:31

This is the final episodes in a series which details colonization and subjection of the Indian subcontinent by the British East India Company. Napoleon's march on Cairo looms large. With the Frenchmen threatening to cut India off from England, the EIC presses on to finish its conquest of the Indian subcontinent. This episode details the company's final transformation as its directorship changes hands from Lord Cornwallis to the Wellesley Brothers. Join us to find out about the last stand of Tipu and Mysore Empire, the machinations that resulted in Shah Allam turning on the Marathas Confederacy, and whether or not the relatives of Sir Lancelot complete the conquest. Contact the show at resourcesbylowery@gmail.com If you would like to financially support the show, please use the following paypal link. Or remit PayPal payment to @Lowery80. And here is a link for Venmo users. Any support is greatly appreciated and will be used to make future episodes of the show even better. Expect new shows to drop on Wednesday mornings from September to January. Music is licensed through Epidemic Sound

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East India Company Part V: What Could Have Been

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 24, 2024 37:44

This is the fifth of six episodes in a series which details colonization and subjection of the Indian subcontinent by the British East India Company. This show's focus is upon the directorship of Warren Hastings and then subsequently Lord Cornwallis. Special attention is paid towards Hastings' dual as well as his impeachment hearing. We will also check in on Shah Allam's blinding as well as the beginning of the end for the Mysore and Marathas confederacy. Contact the show at resourcesbylowery@gmail.com If you would like to financially support the show, please use the following paypal link. Or remit PayPal payment to @Lowery80. And here is a link for Venmo users. Any support is greatly appreciated and will be used to make future episodes of the show even better. Expect new shows to drop on Wednesday mornings from September to January. Music is licensed through Epidemic Sound

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East India Company Part IV: The Bengal Famine of 1770

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 17, 2024 51:35

This is the fourth of six episodes in a series which details colonization and subjection of the Indian subcontinent by the British East India Company. This show's focus is on the causes and effects of the 1770 Bengal Famine. Throughout the episode, we'll talk about the general effects of famines by utilizing a number of historical instances of famines. The effect on the locals, on the EIC stock prices, and the fate of Robert Clive will all be discussed. Famine is still a major cause of the death, if you are looking for an organization to donate to, I highly recommend checking out the following groups: World Food Programme, Mercy Corps, and/or World Central Kitchen Contact the show at resourcesbylowery@gmail.com If you would like to financially support the show, please use the following paypal link. Or remit PayPal payment to @Lowery80. And here is a link for Venmo users. Any support is greatly appreciated and will be used to make future episodes of the show even better. Expect new shows to drop on Wednesday mornings from September to January. Music is licensed through Epidemic Sound

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East India Company Part III: The Creation of England's Crown Jewel

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 10, 2024 44:23

This is the third of six episodes in a series which details colonization and subjection of the Indian subcontinent by the British East India Company. This show's focus is on the power struggle between Mughal Shah Alam and Governor Mir Qasim. Eventually, the EIC figures out that it has the ability to play kingmaker. The Patnam Massacre, the Treaty of Allahabad, and the return of Robert Clive are all discussed in detail. Contact the show at resourcesbylowery@gmail.com If you would like to financially support the show, please use the following paypal link. Or remit PayPal payment to @Lowery80. And here is a link for Venmo users. Any support is greatly appreciated and will be used to make future episodes of the show even better. Expect new shows to drop on Wednesday mornings from September to January. Music is licensed through Epidemic Sound

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East India Company Part II: The Seizing of Bengal

The A to Z English Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 3, 2024 54:39

This is the second of six episodes in a series which details colonization and subjection of the Indian subcontinent by the British East India Company. This show's focus is on how the East Indian Company transformed from a group of capitalist merchants into a private militarized force capable of defeating the ruling Mughal empire. Villains Roger Drake and Robert Clive are introduced on the EIC side as well as the Mughal ruler Siraj ud-Daulah. ud-Daulah's decision to invade the EIC stronghold of Calcutta is examined as well as Clive's infamous victory at Plassey which resulted in the beginning of Mir Qasim's rule over the Indian subcontinent. Contact the show at resourcesbylowery@gmail.com f you would like to financially support the show, please use the following paypal link. Or remit PayPal payment to @Lowery80. And here is a link for Venmo users. Any support is greatly appreciated and will be used to make future episodes of the show even better. Expect new shows to drop on Wednesday mornings from September to January. Music is licensed through Epidemic Sound

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Sepoy Rebellion: The end of the east India Company

History of Everything

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 1, 2024 84:37

Indian Mutiny, widespread but unsuccessful rebellion against British rule in India in 1857–59. Begun in Meerut by Indian troops (sepoys) in the service of the British East India Company, it spread to Delhi, Agra, Kanpur, and Lucknow. In India it is also called the First War of Independence and other similar names. Check out our sister podcast the Mystery of Everything Coffee Collab With The Lore Lodge COFFEE Travel to Peru with me here Travel to Italy With Me here Bonus episodes as well as ad-free episodes on Patreon. Find us on Instagram. Join us on Discord. Submit your relatives on our website Podcast Youtube Channel Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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A to Z This Day in World History | December 31st

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 31, 2023 4:26

Here are some major historical events that happened on December 31st:1600: The British East India Company is chartered.1862: President Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that all slaves in Confederate-held territory are to be set free.1907: The first New Year's Eve celebration is held in Times Square, New York City.1946: President Harry S. Truman officially proclaims the end of hostilities in World War II.1983: The United States invades Grenada to restore order and protect American citizens.1999: The United States hands over control of the Panama Canal to Panama.1999: Russian President Boris Yeltsin resigns, and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin becomes the acting president.2004: The official opening of Taipei 101, the world's tallest skyscraper at the time, takes place in Taipei, Taiwan.2011: A suicide bombing in a church in Alexandria, Egypt, kills at least 23 people and injures dozens more.2019: The World Health Organization is informed of cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, China, later identified as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).These events cover a wide range of historical periods and regions, reflecting the significance of December 31st in various contexts.Podcast Website:https://atozenglishpodcast.com/a-to-z-this-day-in-world-history-december-31st/Social Media:WeChat account ID: atozenglishpodcastFacebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/671098974684413/Tik Tok:@atozenglish1Instagram:@atozenglish22Twitter:@atozenglish22A to Z Facebook Page:https://www.facebook.com/theatozenglishpodcastCheck out our You Tube Channel:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCds7JR-5dbarBfas4Ve4h8ADonate to the show: https://app.redcircle.com/shows/9472af5c-8580-45e1-b0dd-ff211db08a90/donationsRobin and Jack started a new You Tube channel called English Word Master. You can check it out here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2aXaXaMY4P2VhVaEre5w7ABecome a member of Podchaser and leave a positive review!https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/the-a-to-z-english-podcast-4779670Join our Whatsapp group: https://forms.gle/zKCS8y1t9jwv2KTn7Intro/Outro Music: Daybird by Broke for Freehttps://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Directionless_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Directionless_EP_-_03_Day_Bird/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcodehttps://freemusicarchive.org/music/Scott_Joplin/Piano_Rolls_from_archiveorg/ScottJoplin-RagtimeDance1906/https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/the-a-to-z-english-podcast/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

East India Company Part I: A Short History of Money