Any Ladle's Sweet That Dishes Out Some Gravy

In episode 24, we discuss the darling of the silent intertitle, mother of sass mouth dames in early talking pictures, raconteur, and all round solid gold good guy, Anita Loos. We discuss selections of her witty writing on her experience working in Hollywood during the golden era. Stories from Kiss Hollywood Goodbye (1974), Fate Keeps on Happening (1984), Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1925) and A Girl Like I (1966). We also discuss two of her finest scriptwriting examples in Blondie of the Follies (1932) and The Girl From Missouri (1934). This is our final episode, thanks to all our listeners, we hope you enjoyed the series as much as we did. Sources: Beauchamp, C. and Loos, M.A., Eds. (2003) Anita Loos Rediscovered: Film Treatments and Fiction by Anita Loos. Berkeley: University of California Press. Beauchamp, C. (1997) Without Lying Down: Frances Marion and the Powerful Women of Early Hollywood Berkeley: University of California Press. Blondie of the Follies (1932) Dir. Edmund Goulding [DVD] MGM. Carey, G. (1988) Anita Loos: A Biography London: Bloomsbury. Loos, A. (1925) Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1992) London: Penguin. Loos, A. (1966) A Girl Like I New York: Viking. Loos, A. (1974) Kiss Hollywood Goodbye London: W.H Allen. Loos, A. (1977) Cast of Thousands New York: Grosset & Dunlap. Loos, A. (1984) Fate Keeps on Happening: Adventures of Lorelei Lee and Other Writings. London: Harrap. Red-Headed Woman (1932) Dir. Jack Conway [DVD] MGM. The Girl from Missouri (1934) Dir. Jack Conway [DVD] MGM.

A taster of our upcoming episode on Anita Loos. We'll take a look at some examples of her excellent razor sharp wit through her writing and some of the films she worked on, including The Girl from Missouri (1934)and Blondie of the Follies (1932). Join us! The excerpt is taken from Anita's book 'Fate Keeps On Happening' (1984). The music excerpt is from the opening titles of the original broadway version of Gentlemen Prefer Blondes.

Linda Darnell was hardcore. A Madonna face with an ice heart. She was also funny, generous, extremely giving of her time, loved Mexican food and palling around with her bestie Ann Miller. Instead of being labelled a 'tragedy', we here at Any Ladle's Sweet wish to celebrate Linda by discussing 3 of her finest roles: Forever Amber (1947), A Letter to Three Wives (1949) and No Way Out (1950). Come children... Resources: A Letter to Three Wives (1949) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz [DVD] 20th Century Fox. Davis, R.L. (1991) Hollywood Beauty: Linda Darnell and the American Dream, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. Forever Amber (1947) Dir. Otto Preminger [YouTube] 20th Century Fox. No Way Out (1950) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz [YouTube] 20th Century Fox.

Orry-Kelly recalled a conversation with Roz during the filming of Auntie Mame “On one occasion I said to her ‘You know, you’re a pretty wonderful girl and you’ve been a wonderful wife. In fact, you’ve been a wonderful mother.’ A naughty Mame-ish gleam came into her eyes as she said, ‘Yes, and I’m a hell of a lover’". Episode 22 is devoted to this gargantuan superwoman of the silver screen. A unique comedic talent who always displayed class and good humour in whatever picture she worked on. In our opinion, Roz was 'top drawer'. We discuss three of her finest: The Women (1939), His Girl Friday (1940), and Auntie Mame (1958). Resources: Auntie Mame (1958) Dir. Morton DaCosta [DVD] Warner Bros. Dennis, P. (1955) Auntie Mame: An Irreverent Escapade New York: Penguin. Haskell, M. (1973) From Reverence to Rape: The Treatment of Women in the Movies Chicago: University of Chicago Press. His Girl Friday (1940) Dir. Howard Hawks [YouTube] Columbia Pictures. Life is a Banquet: The Rosalind Russell Story (2009) Narr. Kathleen Turner [DVD] Total Media Group. Russell, R. (1977) Life is a Banquet (with Chris Chase) New York: Ace Books. The Women (1939) Dir. George Cukor [DVD] MGM. http://seul-le-cinema.blogspot.ie/2008/12/women-1939.html https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/4380-his-girl-friday-the-perfect-remarriage

A sneaky peek at our upcoming episode on Rosalind Russell. We'll take a look at three of her finest performances (and there were many to choose from); The Women (1939), His Girl Friday (1940), and Auntie Mame (1958). Join us! The excerpt is taken from Roz's autobiography 'Life is a Banquet' by Rosalind Russell and Chris Chase (1977). The music excerpt is from the opening titles of the motion picture The Women (1939).

This month we're righting some wrongs here at Any Ladle's Sweet. Gloria Grahame shone in support roles in many noir films, under many great directors but she references her mother as her only influence on her acting style. Negative stories surrounding her personal life overtook her talent and hard work and fact and fiction mixed into a tawdry Hollywood Babylon style mess. Gloria was a unique talent and we are here to celebrate her hard work and mesmerising onscreen presence. We discuss 3 of her finest, In a Lonely Place (1950), The Big Heat (1953), and Human Desire (1954). Sources: Callahan, D. (2008) ‘Fatal Instincts: The Dangerous Pout of Gloria Grahame’ Bright Lights 30 April [Available at: http://brightlightsfilm.com/fatal-instincts-the-dangerous-pout-of-gloria-grahame/#.WX9Yq4jyvIV]. Chase, D (1997) ‘Gloria Grahame: In Praise of the Dirty Mind’ Film Comment September/October [Available at: https://www.filmcomment.com/article/gloria-grahame/]. Curcio, V. (1989) Suicide Blonde: The Life of Gloria Grahame. New York: William Morrow and Company. Eisenschitz, B. (1996) Nicholas Ray: An American Journey translated by Tom Milne. New York: Faber & Faber. Gunning, T. (2000) The Films of Fritz Lang: Allegories of Vision and Modernity. London, BFI with Palgrave Macmillan. Hagen, R and Wagner, L. (2004) Killer Tomatoes: Fifteen Tough Noir Dames. Jefferson: McFarland. Human Desire (1954) Dir. Fritz Lang [YouTube] Columbia Pictures. In a Lonely Place (1950) Dir. Nicholas Ray. [DVR] Columbia Pictures. Ray, N. (1993) I Was Interrupted: Nicholas Ray on Making Movies Berkeley: University of California Press. Rickey, C. (2017) ‘In a Lonely Place: Film noir as an opera of male fury’ Library of America 28 June [Available at: https://www.loa.org/news-and-views/1301-_in-a-lonely-place_-film-noir-as-an-opera-of-male-fury]. The Big Heat (1953) Dir. Fritz Lang [DVD] Columbia Pictures. Turner, P. (1986) Film Stars Don’t Die in Liverpool. London: Pan Books.

A smoky waft of our upcoming episode on the much underrated Gloria Grahame. We will discuss 3 of Gloria's finest performances in The Big Heat, In a Lonely Place and Human Desire. Excerpt taken from Film Stars Don't Die in Liverpool (Peter Turner, 1986). Music excerpt from Naked Alibi (1954).

Actress Dorothy Mackaill said of Louise “She was a peculiar girl, odd, different but she was damned attractive, and I’d say good-humoured, not difficult about it all. She used to laugh and shrug her shoulders and say ‘the hell with it’. But they got what they wanted. All they had to do with Brooksie was turn the camera on.” There really was no one like Louise and we're dedicating our twentieth episode to this enigmatic dancer turned actress turned writer. We discuss 3 of her finest films: Pandora's Box (1929), The Diary of a Lost Girl (1929) and Prix de beauté (1930). Viva Louise! Resources: Brooks, L. (1982) Lulu in Hollywood New York: Knopf. Eisner, Lotte. (1952) The Haunted Screen: Expressionism in the German Cinema and the Influence of Max Reinhardt: University of California Press http://sensesofcinema.com/2010/feature-articles/lulu-in-rochester-louise-brooks-and-the-cinema-screen-as-a-tabula-rasa-3/ Bright Lights Film Journal [Available at: http://brightlightsfilm.com/martyrdom-lulu-louise-brooks- 100/#.WWSi7YTyvIU]. Diary of a Lost Girl (1929) Dir. G.W. Pabst [DVD] Pabst-Film. Pandora’s Box (1929) Dir. G.W. Pabst [DVD] Süd-Film. Paris, B. (1989) Louise Brooks New York: Knopf. Prix de Beauté (1930). Dir. Augusto Genina [internet archive] Sofar-Film.

Join us for episode 20 where we will discuss the beautiful and uniquely talented Louise Brooks. We will discuss three of Louise's best work - Pandora's Box, Prix de beaute, and Diary of a Lost Girl. Excerpt from Lulu in Hollywood (Louise Brooks, Knopf 1982) Music excerpt: Francisco Lomuto y su Orquesta - Adios Muchachos (Instrumental)(1927)

Irene Dunne was the queen of melodrama, comedy and musicals, a leading lady adored by all and seen by female audiences as an 'every woman'. Many critics over the years have labelled Irene as either the 'female Cary Grant' or the refined lady who excelled in maternal roles. We at Any Ladle's Sweet beg to differ and offer a more nuanced view of this deeply funny lady who always longed to be called 'baby'. We discuss 3 of her finest roles: Ann Vickers (1933, Theodora Goes Wild (1936), and Unfinished Business (1941). Sources: Ann Vickers (1933). Dir. John Cromwell [DVD] RKO Pictures. Basinger, J. (2007) The Star Machine. New York: Vintage. Bawden, J. and Miller, R. (2016) Conversations with Classic Film Stars: Interviews from Hollywood’s Golden Era. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Bogdonovich, P. (1997) Who the Devil Made It: Conversations with Legendary Film Directors. New York: Ballantine. Carman, E. (2016) Independent Stardom: Freelance Women in the Hollywood Studio System. Austin: University of Texas Press. Douglas, M. (1986) See You at the Movies: The Autobiography of Melvyn Douglas. (with Tom Arthur) Lanham: University Press of America. Gehring, W.D. (2006) Irene Dunne: First Lady of Hollywood. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. McCourt: J. (1980) ‘Irene Dunne: The Awful Truth’ Film Comment 16.1 pp. 26-32. Theodora Goes Wild (1936) Dir. Richard Boleslawski [YouTube] Columbia Pictures. Unfinished Business (1941) Dir. Gregory La Cava [YouTube] Universal Studios.

A snifter of our upcoming episode on Irene Dunne! In episode 19 we will discuss Irene's comic and dramatic genius turn in Ann Vickers, Theodora Goes Wild and Unfinished Business. The excerpt is taken from James Bawden's and Ron Miller's fantastic book 'Conversations with Classic Film Stars; Interviews from Hollywood's Golden Era'.

Mary Astor was in the words of David Niven a woman who "looked like a beautiful and highly shockable nun with the vocabulary of a long shoreman." Dominated by a brutish money grabbing father, hated by her mother, pushed into film acting and some disasterous marriages and affairs, it was a long time before the real Mary Astor came into her own. A woman consumed by her many passions and demons, she brought a vitality, intelligence and wit to her roles that was ahead of its time. Join us as we explore her best work in three films: The Maltese Falcon (1941), The Great Lie (1941) and The Palm Beach Story (1942). Sources: Astor, M. (1959) My Story: An Autobiography New York: Doubleday. Astor, M. (1967) Mary Astor: A Life on Film 1 st British edition 1973. London: W.H. Allen. Huston, J. (1980) An Open Book New York: Knopf. Sorel, E. (2016) Mary Astor’s Purple Diary: The Great American Sex Scandal of 1936 New York: Liveright Publishing Company. Sturges, P. (1990) Preston Sturges on Preston Sturges Adapted and edited by Sandy Sturges. New York: Simon and Schuster. The Great Lie (1941) Dir. Edmund Goulding (DVD) Warner Brothers. The Maltese Falcon (1941) Dir. John Huston (DVR) Warner Brothers. The Palm Beach Story (1942) Dir. Preston Sturges (DVD) Paramount Pictures.

A taste of our upcoming episode on Mary Astor! In episode 18 we will discuss Mary's turn in Dodsworth, The Great Lie and The Maltese Falcon. The excerpt is taken from Edward Sorel's fantastic book 'Mary Astor's Purple Diary'. Music excerpt: King Oliver 'West End Blues' 1928.

Ice-blonde with blue piercing eyes and great gams, Carole surprised many with her salty tongue, endless pranks and keen head for business and publicity. A screwball comedy queen, she also had a big heart when it came to looking after everyone she came into contact with, on and off the set. A proto feminist, she strived for better contracts and demanded her way when it came to choosing writers, directors and cinematographers for her projects. Her life was tragically brief so we want to pay homage to this great lady who was really just getting started. In episode 17 we discuss Virtue (1932), No Man of Her Own (1932) and My Man, Godfrey (1936). Sources: Bogdanovich, P. (1997) Who the Devil Made It: Conversations with Legendary Film Directors New York: Ballantine Books. Carman, E. (2016) Independent Stardom: Freelance Women in the Hollywood Studio System. Austin: University of Texas Press. My Man Godfrey (1936) Dir. Gregory La Cava [YouTube] Universal Pictures. No Man of Her Own (1932) Dir. Wesley Ruggles [DVD] Paramount Pictures. Swindell, L. (1975) Screwball: The Life of Carole Lombard Brattleboro: Echo Point Books and Media. Virtue (1932) Dir. Edward Buzzell [DVD] Columbia Pictures. Ott W. Frederick. (1972) The Films of Carole Lombard: The Citadel Press http://sensesofcinema.com/2011/cteq/my-man-godfrey/

In episode 16 we focus on the 'quiet Bennett' compared to her volatile film star sister Constance. Joan was fiery in a more subtle way, she didn't think much of her film career and felt more at home on the stage like her father, the legendary Richard Bennett. She quoted him often in her autobiography 'The Bennett Playbill', one of her favourite lines being "We are vagabonds to the heart and we are not ashamed of it". She said "Well, I'm still a "vagabond" and I'm shamelessly proud of it." Her film career was not a long one and she made a little over 70 films but she made a lasting impression, especially in her noir work with Frtiz Lang. We've chosen for this episode Private Worlds (1935), Scarlet Street (1945) and The Reckless Moment (1949). Sources: Bennett, J. (1970) The Bennett Playbill: Five Generations of the Famous Theater Family (with Lois Kibbee). New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Kellow, B. (2004) The Bennetts: An Acting Family Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky. Private Worlds (1935) Dir. Gregory La Cava [DVD] Paramount Pictures. Scarlett Street (1945) Dir. Fritz Lang [YouTube] Universal Pictures. The Reckless Moment (1949) Dir. Max Ophüls [DVR} Columbia Pictures. https://www.fandor.com/keyframe/stretched-legs-and-mean-sex-fritz-lang%E2%80%99s-scarlet-street

Bright, hard boiled yet deeply human, earthy, independent, consummate professional, passionate, conservative, world weary, astute, confident, funny, strong, loyal...you really can't pin Barbara Stanwyck down to any one thing. In episode 15 we discuss (in our humble opinion) three films that showcase her best work - Ladies of Leisure (1930), Stella Dallas (1937), and Clash by Night (1952). Stay tuned for episode 16 in which we discuss the wonderful Joan Bennett followed in episode 17 with the queen of slapstick herself, Carole Lombard! Sources: Ankerich, M.G. (2015) Dangerous Curves atop Hollywood Heels: The Lives, Careers, and Misfortunes of 14 Hard-Luck Girls of the Silent Screen. Albany: BearManor Media. Bogdanovich, P. (1997) Who The Devil Made It: Conversations with Legendary Film Directors. New York: Ballantine Books. Callahan, D. (2011) Barbara Stanwyck The Miracle Woman. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. Capra, F. (1997) The Name above the Title: An Autobiography. Boston: DaCapo Press. Clash by Night (1952). Dir. Fritz Lang [DVD] RKO Pictures. Ladies of Leisure (1930) Dir. Frank Capra [DVD} Columbia Pictures. Stella Dallas (1937) Dir. King Vidor [DVD} United Artists. Wilson, V. (2013) A Life of Barbara Stanwyck: Steel True 1907-1940. New York: Simon and Schuster. Carman, Emily (2016) Independent Stardom: Freelance Women in the Hollywood Studio System. University of Texas Press Scandals of Classic Hollywood: The Many Faces of Barbara Stanwyck -https://thehairpin.com/scandals-of-classic-hollywood-the-many-faces-of-barbara-stanwyck-a1dbaf8648a2#.w82nq07ge [audio excerpt from Clash by Night (1952). Copyright RKO Radio Picures]

Part 2 of our 'Sisters under the Skin' series, of which Joan Crawford was featured in part 1, this episode is all about Bette. We celebrate a queen of Woman's Pictures through three of her finest films: Of Human Bondage (1934), Marked Woman (1937) and Now, Voyager (1942). This is also our last episode of the year but we will return in January fresh smelling with the fabulous Barbara Stanwyck. Sources: Considine, S. (1989) Bette & Joan: The Divine Feud. New York: Dutton. Davis, B. (1962) The Lonely Life. (with Sanford Dody). New York: Lancer Books. -- (1987) This ‘N That (with Michael Herskowitz). New York: Putnam. Dody, S. (1980) Giving Up the Ghost: A Writer’s Life Among the Stars. Lanham: M Evans and Co. Eckert, C. (1973) ‘The Anatomy of a Proletarian Film: Warner's Marked Woman’ Film Quarterly Vol. 27 No. 2 (Winter 1973-1974) pp. 10-24. Fuller, E. (1992) Me and Jezebel New York: Berkley. Marked Woman (1937) Dir. Lloyd Bacon [DVD] Warner Brothers. Now Voyager (1942) Dir. Irving Rapper [DVD] Warner Brothers. Of Human Bondage (1934) Dir. James Cromwell [YouTube] RKO Pictures. Sherman, V. (1996) Studio Affairs: My Life as a Film Director. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Stine, W. (1974) Mother Goddamn: Bette Davis Hawthorn Books. http://sensesofcinema.com/2001/feature-articles/spinster/

This month is special. To celebrate our one year podcast anniversary we are devoting episode 13 to the Queen of Woman's Pictures, Joan Crawford. No idle gossip, or mention of THAT film will intrude on the Joan love-in. We are here to celebrate Ms Crawford through three of her finest films, 'Sadie McKee', 'A Woman's Face', and 'The Damned Don't Cry'. As part of our 'Sisters under the Skin' series, part 1 is Joan but in part 2 next month we will be discussing the incomparable Bette Davis. Bless you. Sources: Ep 13: Joan Crawford ‘As Wobbly As The Statue of Liberty’ [the quote comes from Molly Haskell’s ground breaking study From Reverence to Rape: The Treatment of Women in the Movies in a discussion of Joan Crawford’s role as the head of a trucking company in They All Kissed the Bride] A Woman’s Face (1941) Dir. George Cukor [DVD] MGM Studios. Crawford, J. (1962) A Portrait of Joan: The Autobiography of Joan Crawford (with Joan Kesner Ardmore). New York: Doubleday. Crawford, J. (1971) My Way of Life. New York: Simon and Schuster. Haskell, M. (1973) From Reverence to Rape: The Treatment of Women in the Movies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Newquist, R. (1980) Conversations with Joan Crawford. Secaucus: Citadel Press. Sherman, V. (1996) Studio Affairs: My Life as a Film Director. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Sadie McKee (1934) Dir. Clarence Brown [DVD] MGM Studios. Spoto, D. (2012) Possessed: The Life of Joan Crawford. London: Arrow Books. Springer, J. (1973) Joan Crawford at Town Hall. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeSwnYo_4hw The Damned Don’t Cry (1950) Dir. Vincent Sherman [DVD] Warner Brothers. Interview clip at end: The Louella Parsons Show, original airing November 9th, 1947. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEJlwwRyOn8&feature=youtu.be Lukas, Karli. (2000) A Woman's Face, Senses of Cinema http://sensesofcinema.com/2000/cteq/woman/

Episode 12! Part 2 of a 2 part series on the melodramas of the '30's and '50's continues with the lush and exquisite films of Douglas Sirk. We named our episode 'Heaven is stingy' as it's a great quote from Sirk in his interview with Jon Halliday (Sirk on Sirk) where he discusses the title of 'All That Heaven Allows' - "The studio loved the title All That Heaven Allows. They thought it meant you could have everything you wanted. I meant it exactly the other way around. As far as I am concerned, heaven is stingy". Sources: All I Desire (1953) Dir. Douglas Sirk. [DVD] Universal Pictures. All that Heaven Allows (1955) Dir. Douglas Sirk [DVD] Universal Pictures. Brody, R. (2014) ‘John M. Stahl’s When Tomorrow Comes’ The New Yorker 18 September. Available at: http://www.newyorker.com/culture/richard-brody/john- stahl-when- tomorrow-comes Halliday, J. (1971) Sirk on Sirk: Conversations with Jon Halliday. New York: Faber. Landy, Marcia (1991)Imitations of Life: A reader on film and television melodrama. Wayne State University Press. Imitation of Life (1959) Dir. Douglas Sirk [DVD] Universal Pictures. Interlude (1957) Dir. Douglas Sirk [DVD] Universal Pictures. Magnificent Obsession (1954) Dir. Douglas Sirk [DVD] Universal Pictures. Ryan, T. (2014) ‘The Adaptation and the Remake: from John M. Stahl’s When Tomorrow Comes to Douglas Sirk’s Interlude’ Senses of Cinema March. Available at: http://sensesofcinema.com/2014/feature-articles/the- adaptation-and- the-remake- from-john-m-stahls- when-tomorrow- comes-to- douglas-sirks- interlude/ There’s Always Tomorrow (1955) Dir. Douglas Sirk. [DVD] Universal Pictures. The Vanity Tables of Douglas Sirk (2015) Dir. Mark Rappaport [online archive] Written on the Wind (1956) Dir. Douglas Sirk [archive.org] Universal Pictures. Zu neuen Ufern (1937) Dir. Detlef Sierck [archive.org] UFA. (available here to watch with English subs. https://archive.org/details/ZuNeuenUfern1937)

Episode 11! Part 1 of a 2 part series on the melodramas of the '30's and '50's starting with the films of John M. Stahl. Stahl directed some of the most popular films of the romantic melodrama genre through the 1930's, some of which would go on to be remade in glorious technicolor by Douglas Sirk in the 1950's. He was forgotten in film history for many decades mostly due to the lack of availability of any decent prints. A resurgence of interest in his work was sparked by the Universal Pictures under Laemmle Jr retrospective in MoMA last year. For the first time since their release audiences were able to experience the pristine and slow burning beauty of Stahl's films, where women were the centre of action and interest. We also discuss the other forgotten man of that time, Laemmle Jr. Charles Boyer is discussed in loving detail in our He's a Keeper segment. Sources: An Affair to Remember (1957) Dir. Leo McCarey [YouTube] Twentieth Century Fox. Back Street (1932) Dir. John M Stahl [YouTube] Universal Pictures. Back Street (1941) Dir. Robert Stevenson [Daily Motion] Universal Pictures. Bawden, J. and Miller, R. (2016) ‘Interview with Irene Dunne’ in Conversations with Classic Film Stars: Interviews from Hollywood’s Golden Era. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Gaslight (1944) Dir. George Cukor [DVD] Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer. Hold Back the Dawn (1941) Dir. Mitchell Leisen [DVD] Paramount Pictures. Imitation of Life (1934) Dir. John M Stahl [DVD] Universal Pictures. Leave Her to Heaven (1945) Dir. John M Stahl [DVD] Universal Pictures. Le Bonheur (1934) Dir. Marcel L'Herbier [Internet Archive] Universal Pictures. Liliom (1934) Dir. Fritz Lang. [YouTube] Fox Film Corporation/ Fox Europa. Love Affair (1939) Dir. Leo McCarey [YouTube] RKO Pictures. Magnificent Obsession (1935) Dir. John M Stahl [DVD] Universal Pictures. Only Yesterday (1933) Dir. John M Stahl [YouTube] Universal Pictures. Swindell, L. (1983) The Reluctant Lover: Charles Boyer. New York: Doubleday. The Earrings of Madame de ... (1953) Dir. Max Ophüls [DVD] Gaumont (France)Arlan (US). When Tomorrow Comes (1939) Dir. John M Stahl [DVD] Universal Pictures. http://brightlightsfilm.com/women-love-three-early-30s-melodramas-john-m-stahl-seed-back-street-yesterday/#.V69xApgrKM9 http://sensesofcinema.com/2014/feature-articles/the-adaptation-and-the-remake-from-john-m-stahls-when-tomorrow-comes-to-douglas-sirks-interlude/ http://www.filmcomment.com/blog/the-high-times-and-hard-fall-of-carl-lammle-jr/ Closing music from Where Does Love Go (1966) 'La Vie En Rose' sung by Charles Boyer

In this episode we're focusing on the behind-the-scenes magic of the great costume designer's from the golden era of Hollywood. Adrian, Edith Head, Irene and Orry-Kelly, the kings and queens of fashion design on film for over 4 decades. Go to our website(http://anyladlessweetpodcast.com/dress-tells-womans-story-designing-womans-pictures-1929-1958-episode-10/) for a slideshow of all the costumes mentioned! He's a Keeper this month is the glorious 'King of the Pre-Codes' Warren William! Sources: All About Eve (1950) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz [DVD] Twentieth Century Fox. Auntie Mame (1958) Dir. Morton DaCosta [DVD] Warner Bros. Billecci, F and Fisher, L.F. (2013) Irene a Designer from the Golden Age of Hollywood: The MGM Years 1942-1949. Atglen: Schiffer. Dark Victory (1939) Dir. Edmund Goulding [DVD] Warner Bros. Double Indemnity (1944) Dir. Billy Wilder [DVD] Paramount Pictures. Greer, H. (2001). Gowns by Adrian: the MGM years 1928-1941. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. Head, E. and Calistro, P. (2008) Edith Head’s Hollywood. Santa Monica: Angel City Press. Imitation of Life (1934) John M Stahl [DVD] Universal Studios. Jewel Robbery (1932) Dir. William Dieterle [DVD] Warner Bros. Jorgensen, J. (2010) Edith Head: The Fifty-Year Career of Hollywood’s Greatest Costume Designer. Philadelphia: Running Press. Letty Lynton (1932) Dir. Clarence Brown [internet archive] Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer. Midnight (1939) Dir. Mitchell Leisen [DVD] Paramount Pictures. Mr and Mrs Smith (1941) Dir Alfred Hitchcock [DVD] RKO. Orry-Kelly. (2016) Women I’ve Undressed. London: Allen & Unwin. Romance (1930) Dir. Clarence Brown [DVD] Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer. Skyscraper Souls (1932) Dir. Edgar Selwyn [DVD] Warner Bros. Stangeland, J. (2011) Warren William: Magnificent Scoundrel of Pre-Code Hollywood. Jefferson: McFarland & Company. Susan and God (1940) Dir. George Cukor [DVD] Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer. The Heiress (1949) Dir. William Wyler [DVD] Paramount Pictures. The Match King (1932) Howard Bretherton & William Keighley [DVD] Warner Bros. The Mouthpiece (1932) Dir. James Food & Elliot Nugent. [DVD] Warner Bros. The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946) Dir. Tay Garnett [DVD] Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer. Acker, Ally (1991). Reel Women: Pioneers of the Cinema, 1896 to the Present. B.T. Batsford, London. Carman, Emily (2016). Independent Stardom: Freelance Women in the Hollywood Studio System. University of Texas Press.

Episode 9! This month we're discussing women in showbusiness, focusing on two stars who started out their film careers pounding the stage circuit hoping to make it big. Ginger Rogers and Joan Blondell. He’s a Keeper this month is the wonderful Peter Lorre. In the 1930’s, Hollywood became expert at creating fantasies for its audiences. Beautiful girls in skimpy costumes. in Busby Berkley designed spectacles singing ‘We’re in the money, we’re in the money' gave audiences a momentary escape from the greyness and worry of reality. The Great Depression affected all Americans and led to thousands of movie theaters closing and ticket sales plummeted, in saying that Hollywood was still in the business of entertaining people. In 1933 60 million people still went to the movies. Life on the stage was very tough with thousands of girls audtioning and only a handful making it in the pick. Backstage there would be 25 girls to one dressing room, bad lighting, everyone stealing each others make-up, in-fighting and holding off advances from creepy stage managers. Ginger and Joan came up the hard way and by 1933 were two of biggest stars at the time. Curtain everyone! Sources: 42 nd Street (1933) Dir. Lloyd Bacon. [DVD] Warner Bros. Bawden, J and Miller, R. (2016) ‘Interview with Joan Blondell’ in Conversations with Classic Film Stars: Interviews from Hollywood’s Golden Era. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Blondell, J. (1972) Center Door Fancy. New York: Delacorte Press. Broadway Bad (1933) Dir. Sidney Lanfield. [YouTube] Warner Bros. Dames (1934) Dir. Ray Enright & Busby Berkeley. [DVD] Warner Bros. Der Verlorene ‘The Lost One’ (1951) Dir. Peter Lorre [YouTube] National-Filmverleih. Gold Diggers of 1933 (1933) Dir. Mervyn LeRoy [DVD] Warner Bros. Havana Widows (1933) Dir. Ray Enright [DVD] Warner Bros. Kennedy, M. (2007) Joan Blondell: A Life Between Takes. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. M (1931) Dir. Fritz Lang [YouTube] Vereinigte Star-Film. Mad Love (1935) Dir. Karl Freund. [DVD] Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer Studios. Maltese Falcon (1941) Dir. John Huston [DVD] Warner Bros. Nightmare Alley (1947) Dir. Edmund Goulding [DVD] 20 th Century Fox. Professional Sweetheart (1933) Dir. Wiliam A. Seiter [YouTube] RKO. Stage Door (1937) Dir. Gregory La Cava. [DVD] RKO Swing Time (1936) Dir. George Stevens [DVD] RKO. Rogers, G. Ginger: My Story. New York: It Books. Youngkin, S.D. (2005) The Lost One: A Life of Peter Lorre. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Gourley, Catherine. (2008) Rosie and Mrs America: Perceptions of Women in the 1930's and 1940's. Twenty First Century Books. http://glamourdaze.com/2013/01/inside-a-1920s-chorus-girls-dressing-room.html Music excerpt from 42nd St (1933), music and lyrics by Al Dublin and Harry Warren. Music excerpt from Gold Diggers of 1933 (1933), music and lyrics by Al Dublin and Harry Warren.

What do women want? What do they do when desire is repressed or thwarted? What about desire and female spectatorship? Moving the discussion on female desire and sexuality out of the dry academic arena, we focus on women's conscious or experiential desire present on-screen. The films we discuss fit into various categories such as Repressed Desire, Masochistic Desire, Misdirected Desire, Fantasy, Forbidden Desire and Drag. We have framed this episode to be a companion piece to our third episode on the Pre-Code's so sit back, relax and prepare to get hot and bothered! Sources: Bed and Sofa (1927) Dir. Abram Room https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrG3FA2lmiI Ecstasy (1933) Dir. Gustav Machatý https://vimeo.com/99946740 Gone With The Wind (1939) Dir. Victor Fleming [DVD] I Don’t Want to Be a Man (1918) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=non55zCjx8Y It’s Love I’m After (1937) Dir. Archie Mayo [DVD]. Johnny Guitar (1954) Dir. Nicholas Ray [Irish Film Institute cinema]. Lamarr, H. (1966) Ecstasy and Me: My Life as a Woman. Greenwich: Fawcett. Lifeboat (1944) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock [DVD] Liliom (1934) Dir. Fritz Lang https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTv6pUDyvEA Madam Satan (1930) Dir. Cecil B DeMille (ball scene) http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x16we2_madam-satan-zeppelin-party-1930-1_music Madchen in Uniform (1933) Dir. Leontine Sagan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Bj1Z5Pd7vc Rebecca (1940) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock [DVD]. Sunset Boulevard (1950) Dir. Billy Wilder [DVD]. The Bitter Tea of General Yen (1933) Dir. Frank Capra [DVD]. The Cabin in the Cotton (1932) Dir. Michael Curtiz http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x37gkjo The Heiress (1949) Dir. William Wyler [DVD]. These Three (1936) Dir. William Wyler [DVD]. The Smiling Madame Beudet (1923) Dir. Germaine Dulac https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1VA8NBhipvs Music sample: An Ocasional Man, Martin-Blane, Sung by Marion Ryan (1962)[Columbia Records].

'What would Lubitsch have done?' Every director should have this sign hanging prominently in their office, a reminder of a unique individual and his enormous talent for showing things differently. Episode 7 is devoted to Lubitsch and his wonderful films, full of warmth, humour, style, wit and above all fearless in their depiction of sex, marriage and even war. The women in Lubitsch's films are not captains of industry but are smart, knowing and they understand exactly what to do and why. The films we discuss: The Marriage Circle (1924), One Hour With You (1932), Trouble in Paradise (1932), Design for Living (1933), Angel (1937), Ninotchka (1939), To Be Or Not To Be (1942), and Cluny Brown (1946). Our He's a Keeper segment this month honours the inimitable George Sanders. Sources: All About Eve (1950) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz (DVD) Twentieth Century Fox. Angel (1937) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch (DVD) Paramount Pictures. Cluny Brown (1946) Dir. Ernst Lubisch (DVD) Twentieth Century Fox. Design for Living (1933) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch (YouTube) Paramount Pictures. Eyman, S. (2000). Ernst Lubitsch: laughter in paradise. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Journey to Italy (1954) Dir. Roberto Rossellini (DVD) Titanus Distribuzione. Ninotchka (1939) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch (DVD) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Noble, R. (1934) ‘The Very Thought of You’ [Recorded by George Sanders] on The George Sanders Touch … Songs for the Lovely Lady (1958). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7izmInLhM8 Novak, I., Dolar M. and Krecic, J. (2014) Lubitsch Can't Wait: a collection of ten philosophical discussions on Ernst Lubitsch's film comedy. New York: Columbia UP. One Hour with You (1932) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch (DVD) Paramount Pictures. Rebecca (1940) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock (DVD) United Artists. Sanders, G. (1960) Memoirs of a professional cad. (2015) London: Dean Street Press. Slavitt, D.R. (2009) George Sanders, Zsa Zsa and me. Evanston: Northwestern University Press. Stagg, S. (2001) All about All About Eve St. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin. ‘Super Special Picture of the Year’ (1934) [Recorded by Yacht Club Boys and Ernst Lubitsch] Available at: http://www.lubitsch.com/audio.html The Marriage Circle (1924) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch (YouTube) Warner Bros./ UFA. The Moon and Sixpence (’42) Dir. Albert Lewin (YouTube) United Artists. Thompson, K. (2005) Herr Lubitsch goes to Hollywood: German and American film after World War I. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Trouble in Paradise (1932) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch (DVD) Paramount Pictures.

Our sixth episode focuses on the women who turn to crime out of desperation, no femme fatale's here, just real women swapping the mop for a gun. We reference our third episode on the Pre-codes (wherein women used their sexuality to gain social mobility} to women now turning to crime to climb out of poverty. The films we discuss include Paid (1930), Ladies They Talk About (1933), Blondie Johnson (1933), Gun Crazy (1950) and Caged (1950). In keeping with our crime theme we devote some quality time to the fabulous Robert Mitchum in our He's a Keeper segment. Sources: Blondie Johnson (1933) Dir. Ray Enright [DVD] Warner Bros. Caged (1950) Dir. John Cromwell [DVD] Warner Bros. Cape Fear (1962) Dir. J. Lee Thompson [DVD] Universal. Gun Crazy (1950) Dir. Joseph H. Lewis [DVD] United Artists. Jaggar, A. M., & Bordo, S. (1989). Gender/body/knowledge: Feminist reconstructions of being and knowing. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press. Ladies They Talk About (1933) Dir. Howard Bretherton and William Keighley [DVD] Warner Bros. Out of the Past (1947) Dir. Jacques Tourneur [DVD] RKO. Paid (1930) Dir. Sam Wood [DVD] MGM. Russell, J. (1985) Jane Russell: An Autobiography London: Sidgwick & Jackson. The Lusty Men (1952) Dir. Nicholas Ray [DVD] RKO. The Night of the Hunter (1955) Dir. Charles Laughton [DVD] United Artists. Thirteen Women (1932) Dir. George Archainbaud [Internet Archive] RKO. Brainy Broads essay from Smart Chicks on Screen, Sheri Chinen Biesen

Dorothy Arzner was one of the very few women who established a name for herself as a director in the film industry of the 1920s and ’30s, what remains to this day the largest body of work by a woman director within the studio system, for years she was the sole female member of the Directors Guild. Nonetheless, she has been virtually ignored in most film histories. It was only with the emergence of ’70s feminism that scholars began to reclaim women such as Arzner from relative obscurity. She was central to the development of the studio system, the genre film, the development of sound technology (inventor of the fishpole microphone), the star system, the representation of women in the Hollywood mainstream. However brief her film career, she stands as an early example of a woman who insisted upon creative autonomy and control in her work. Another reason for retiring from Hollywood was that she felt that the kind of pictures she was interested in making were no longer encouraged or supported in Hollywood. Arzner’s directorial style was consistently revealed by an emphasis on costume and that changes in a woman’s life and relationships to each other were emphasised through costume and dress. As the title of a jane gaines essay put it “dress tells the woman’s story’ Her main themes focused on female friendship and communities, the uneasy navigation of the relationships between men and women and class differences and always with an emphasis on performance and costume. For much of Arzner’s work, sexuality stands as a threat to women’s community. Women, in the heterosexual contract, must play their part, as opposed to the more “honest’ form of love between women. A quote from director Francine Parker in an essay about Dorothy sums up her idea of the director’s role involving both authority and collaboration: “…a woman has a different point of view on life. And the world does take on a rather startling and surprising look when observed through the eyes of a skilled, talented, hard-working, learned and thoroughly unintimidated female”. Sources: Casella, D. (2009) ‘What women want: the complex world of Dorothy Arzner and her cinematic women The Journal of Cinema & Media Vol. 50 Issue 1/2, pp. 235-270. Christopher Strong (1933) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [DVD] RKO. Craig’s Wife (1936) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [Internet Archive] Columbia. Dance, Girl, Dance (1940) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [DVD] RKO. First Comes Courage (1943) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [Internet Archive] Columbia. Honor Among Lovers (1931) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [YouTube] Paramount. Mayne, J. (1994) Directed by Dorothy Arzner. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana UP. Merrily We Go to Hell (1932) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [DVD] Paramount. The Bride Wore Red (1937) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [DVD] MGM. The Wild Party (1929) Dir. Dorothy Arzner [Internet Archive] Paramount. http://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/features/dorothy-arzner-queen-hollywood http://sensesofcinema.com/2003/great-directors/arzner/

It's all about the women! In our 4th episode we delve deep into the 1939 all female classic, The Women. Directed by George Cukor, this biting social satire includes an impressive ensemble cast, Joan Crawford, Norma Shearer, and Paulette Goddard to name but a few. Shining with a sharp script by Anita Loos, we discuss the often overlooked subtleties and artistry of this under-appreciated film. Sources: Nugent, F.S. (1939) 'Review: The Women'. The New York Times, 22 September. http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=EE05E7DF1731E474BC4A51DFBF668382629EDE Carey, G. (1988) Anita Loos: A biography. London: Bloomsbury. Considine, S. (1989) Bette & Joan: the divine feud. London: Sphere. Crawford, J. (1962) A portrait of Joan: The Autobiography of Joan Crawford. (with Jane Kesner Ardmore). New York: Doubleday. Fontaine, J (1978) No bed of roses. New York: Morrow. Lambert, G. (1973) On Cukor. London: W.H. Allen. Loos, A. (1974) Kiss Hollywood goodbye. London: W.H. Allen. Lugowski, D.M. (2011) ‘Norma Shearer and Joan Crawford: rivals at the glamour factory’, in McLean, A.L (ed.) Glamour in a golden age: movie stars of the 1930s. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. McGilligan, P. (1991) George Cukor: A double life. London: Faber and Faber. Russell, R. (1977) Life is a banquet. (with Chris Chase). New York: Random House. Thomas, B. (1978) Joan Crawford: a biography. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. The Women (1939) Dir. George Cukor. [DVD] MGM. http://seul-le-cinema.blogspot.ie/2008/12/women-1939.html

Our third episode focuses on the small window of films made in Hollywood between 1930 and 1934, known usually as 'Pre-Code'. The censorship rules of the 'Hays Code' was introduced to Hollywood studios in 1930 but was not actually enforced until late 1934. During these years studios were pumping out films testing the limits of propriety, usually with strong central female characters using their wiles to break out of poverty and marital drudgery. This month's He's a Keeper is devoted to the charming Melvyn Douglas. Lastly, an honourable mention to the late Setsuko Hara. Sources: A Woman’s Face (1941) Dir. George Cukor. [DVD] MGM. Baby Face (1933) Dir. Alfred E. Green. [DVD] Warner Bros. Bed of Roses (1933) Dir. Gregory La Cava. [DVD] RKO. Doherty, T. (1999) Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality and Insurrection in American Cinema 1930-1934. New York: Columbia University Press. Douglas, M. (1986) See You at the Movies: The Autobiography of Melvyn Douglas (with Tom Arthur). Boston: University Press of America. Jacobs, L. (1991) The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman 1928-1942. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. LaSalle, M. (2000) Complicated Women: Sex and Power in Pre-Code Hollywood. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Loos, A. (1974) Kiss Hollywood Goodbye. London: W.H. Allen. Loy, M. (1987) Being and Becoming (with James Kotsilibas-Davis). London: Bloomsbury. Brooks, Louise. (1974) Lulu in Hollywood. USA: University of Minnesota Press. Ninotchka (1939) Dir. Ernst Lubitsch. [DVD] MGM. Penthouse (1933) Dir. W.S. Van Dyke. [DVD] MGM. Possessed (1931) Dir. Clarence Brown. [DVD] MGM. Red Headed Woman (1932) Dir. Jack Conway. [DVD] MGM. Susan Lenox: Her Fall and Rise (1931) Dir. Robert Z. Leonard [DVD] MGM. The Divorcee (1930) Dir. Robert Z. Leonard. [DVD] MGM. The Easiest Way (1931) Dir. Jack Conway [DVD] MGM. Theodora Goes Wild (1936) Dir. Richard Boleslawski. [YouTube] Columbia. Third Finger, Left Hand (1940) Dir. Robert Z Leonard. [DVD] MGM. THAT scene in Possessed - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HWmI88_hP0M

Our second episode focuses on wives in peril, the post-war ladies who either married a stranger or had a husband return from the war a changed man. We discuss classics from Douglas Sirk, Nicholas Ray and Preston Sturges to name but a few. Our He's a Keeper segment this month features the dreamy Joseph Cotten. Ladies! Does your husband insist you drink glasses of questionable milk each day? Or coffee? Or hot chocolate? Does he rummage in the attic? Does he accuse you of cheating? Does he carry around expensive ladies jewellery? Is he obsessed with orchids and ladies without an appetite? Do dogs dislike him? Has he failed in his career? Is he broke? Does he hide his paintings from you? Has he curated rooms in his house depicting famous murder scenes? Is he always snooping in your handbag? Is he unable to perform in the sack? Does he have a woman on the side? Join us! Sources: Bigger Than Life (1956) Dir. Nicholas Ray. [DVD] 20th Century Fox. Citizen Kane (1941) Dir. Orson Welles. [DVD] RKO. Cotten, Joseph. (1987) Vanity Will Get You Somewhere. London: Columbus Books. Crawford, Joan. (1962) A Portrait of Joan. [with Jane Kesner Ardmore] New York: Doubleday. Dial ‘M’ for Murder (1954) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock. [DVD] Warner’s. Dragonwyck (1946) Dir. Joseph L Mankiewicz. [YouTube] 20th Century Fox. Gaslight (1944). Dir. George Cukor. [DVD] MGM. Night of the Hunter (1955) Dir. Charles Laughton. [DVD] MGM. Notorious (1946) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock. [DVD] RKO. Rosemary’s Baby (1968) Dir. Roman Polanski. [DVD] Paramount. Secret Beyond the Door (1947) Dir. Fritz Lang. [DVD] Universal. Shadow of a Doubt (1943)Dir. Alfred Hitchcock. [DVD] Universal. Sleep, My Love (1948) Dir. Douglas Sirk. [DVD] United Artists. Sorry, Wrong Number (1948) Dir. Anatole Litvak. [DVD] Paramount. Sudden Fear (1952) Dir. David Miller. [DVD] RKO. Suspicion (‘41) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock. [DVD] RKO. The Barefoot Contessa (1954) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz. [DVD] United Artists. The Magnificent Ambersons (1942) Dir. Orson Welles. [DVD] RKO. The Third Man (1949). Dir. Carol Reed. [DVD] 20th Century Fox. The Two Mrs Carrolls (1947) Dir. Peter Godfrey. [DVD] Warner’s. Undercurrent (1946). Dir. Vincente Minnelli. [DVD] MGM. Unfaithfully Yours (1948) Dir. Preston Sturges. [DVD] 20th Century Fox. http://randompicturesblog.net/2014/11/11/bluebeard-in-black-and-white-fritz-langs-secret-beyond-the-door/ https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/felicity-conditions-seek-and-hide Joseph Cotten in Citizen Kane clip - http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/499407/Citizen-Kane-Movie-Clip-Like-Any-Other-Marriage.html

Our first episode! This one is dedicated to the supporting ladies, Thelma Ritter, Mary Wickes and Patsy Kelly. He's a Keeper segment features William Powell and Best Costume of the Week is dedicated to Joan Crawford's gym outfit in Dancing Lady. Also, an honourable mention for the late director Chantal Akerman. Sources: A Letter to Three Wives (1949) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz [DVD] Twentieth Century Fox. Alfred Hitchcock Presents: The Baby Sitter (1956) Dir. Robert Stevens All About Eve (1950) Dir. Joseph L. Mankiewicz [DVD] Twentieth Century Fox. Beauty and the Bus (1933) Dir. Gus Meins [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8A4O2aiqfw]. Bryant, R. (2006) William Powell: The Life and Films. Jefferson: McFarland. Dancing Lady (1933) Dir. Robert Z. Leonard. [DVD] Warner Studio. Hadleigh, B. (1994) Hollywood Lesbians. Fort Lee: Barricade Books. Maid in Hollywood (1934). Dir. Gus Meins. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyIKMu-_-W8]. Now, Voyager (1942) Dir. Irving Rapper. [DVD] Warners. One Way Passage (1932) Dir. Tay Garnett [DVD] Warners. Pickup on South Street (1953) Dir. Sam Fuller [DVD] Criterion, THAT scene [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-ZuV8hg-Jg]. Rear Window (1954) Dir. Alfred Hitchcock [DVD] Universal Studios. Rosemary’s Baby (1968) Dir. Roman Polanski [DVD] Criterion. Staggs, S. (2000) All About All About Eve. New York: St Martin’s Press. The Decorator (1965) Dir. Richard Kinon [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=whKTEGyNh1M]. Good piece on Thelma Ritter [http://aurorasginjoint.com/2012/09/22/thelma-ritter-what-a-character/] Roof, Judith (2002) ‘All about Thelma and Eve: sidekicks and third wheels’ Chantal Akerman films currently screening on Hulu [http://www.hulu.com/search?q=chantal+akerman]