Podcasts about gonadal

Welcome to the podcast with Dr. Brendan McCarthy!   This episode takes you deep into the real-world practice of prescribing testosterone therapy for women. This is not a high-level overview—this is a nuts and bolts breakdown: ✅ Who it's for ✅ How it's dosed ✅ What labs to run ✅ What delivery methods are safest ✅ Why it's often done wrong—and how to get it right   With over 20 years of clinical experience, Dr. McCarthy shares the insights no seminar or textbook can offer, including the emotional and psychological challenges women face when beginning testosterone therapy, and the very real fears around side effects and community stigma.  

Welcome to the podcast with Dr. Brendan McCarthy!   In this episode we dive deep into one of the most misunderstood and debated topics in hormone health: testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for women. You may have heard horror stories—or glowing reviews. But what's the truth? Dr. McCarthy discusses: - Why testosterone matters for women's health - How it affects brain chemistry, mood, bone density, and even breast tissue - Its role after estrogen-suppressing breast cancer treatments - The difference between safe and unsafe TRT - What your provider should be doing to monitor and manage it effectively   Dr. Brendan McCarthy founded Protea Medical Center in 2002. While he's been the chief medical officer, Protea has grown and evolved into a dynamic medical center serving the Valley and Central Arizona. A nationally recognized as an expert in hormone replacement therapy, Dr McCarthy s the only instructor in the nation who teaches BioHRT on live patients. Physicians travel to Arizona to take his course and integrate it into their own practices. Besides hormone replacement therapy, Dr. McCarthy has spoken nationally and locally before physicians on topics such as weight loss, infertility, nutritional therapy and more.   Citations: Popma, Arne, et al. "Cortisol moderates the relationship between testosterone and aggression in delinquent male adolescents." Biological psychiatry 61.3 (2007): 405-411 Likhtik, E., Stujenske, J. M., Topiwala, M. A., Harris, A. Z. & Gordon, J. A. Prefrontal entrainment of amygdala activity signals safety in learned fear and innate anxiety. Nat. Neurosci. 17, 106–113 (2014). Brannon, Skylar M., et al. "Exogenous testosterone increases sensitivity to moral norms in moral dilemma judgements." Nature Human Behaviour 3.8 (2019): 856-866.. * M.H.M. Hutschemaekers, R.A. de Kleine, M.L. Davis, M. Kampman, J.A.J. Smits, K. Roelofs,Endogenous testosterone levels are predictive of symptom reduction with exposure therapy in social anxiety disorder,Psychoneuroendocrinology,Volume 115,2020,104612 Barel, E, Abu‐Shkara, R, Colodner, R, et al. Gonadal hormones modulate the HPA‐axis and the SNS in response to psychosocial stress. J Neuro Res. 2018; 96: 1388– 1397. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.24259 * Buades-Rotger, M., Engelke, C., Beyer, F. et al. Endogenous testosterone is associated with lower amygdala reactivity to angry faces and reduced aggressive behavior in healthy young women. Sci Rep 6, 38538 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38538 Ando, Sebastiano, et al. "Breast cancer: from estrogen to androgen receptor." Molecular and cellular endocrinology193.1-2 (2002): 121-128. Somboonporn, Woraluk, and Susan R. Davis. "Testosterone effects on the breast: implications for testosterone therapy for women." Endocrine reviews 25.3 (2004): 374-388. Donovitz, Gary, and Mandy Cotten. "Breast cancer incidence reduction in women treated with subcutaneous testosterone: testosterone therapy and breast cancer incidence study." European journal of breast health 17.2 (2021): 150. Glaser, Rebecca L., Anne E. York, and Constantine Dimitrakakis. "Incidence of invasive breast cancer in women treated with testosterone implants: a prospective 10-year cohort study." BMC cancer 19.1 (2019): 1271.   Thank you for tuning in and don't forget to hit that SUBSCRIBE button! Let us know in the COMMENTS if you have any questions or what you may want Dr. McCarthy to talk about next!   Check out Dr. Brendan McCarthy's Book! https://www.amazon.com/Jump-Off-Mood-...   -More Links- Instagram: www.instagram.com/drbrendanmccarthy TikTok: www.tiktok.com/drbrendanmccarthy Clinic Website: www.protealife.com

Die Menstruation ist nicht nur ein körperlicher Prozess – sie verändert auch das Gehirn. In dieser Folge erklärt Bent Freiwald, was dazu bekannt ist und warum wir bislang viel zu wenig darüber wissen. Hier geht's zum gleichnamigen Newsletter: Das Leben des BrainLinks zu Quellen und verwendeten Studien:1. Lifetime cumulative number of menstrual cycles and serum sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women2. The weird, bad history of tampon testing3. The Normal Menstrual Cycle and the Control of Ovulation4. The science of menstruation in 10 minutes5. Circadian rhythm of testosterone level in plasma. I. Physiologic 24-hour oscillations of the testosterone level in plasma6. Diurnal fluctuations in steroid hormones tied to variation in intrinsic functional connectivity in a densely sampled male7. Gonadal steroids regulate dendritic spine density in hippocampal pyramidal cells in adulthood8. Progesterone shapes medial temporal lobe volume across the human menstrual cycle9. Ultra-high-field 7T MRI reveals changes in human medial temporal lobe volume in female adults during menstrual cycle10. Menstrual cycle-driven hormone concentrations co-fluctuate with white and gray matter architecture changes across the whole brain Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

What is the connection between androgens, gonadal steroids and body comp (body fat and muscle mass)? Listen up to learn the secret!! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-eric---the-fitness-physician/support

Gonadal reorganization!!!

Get ready for a thrilling exploration of the intriguing world of feline reproduction with our special guests, Drs. Alan Conley and Aime Johnson, authors of Anti-Müllerian hormone and inhibin-B concentrations vary cyclically in nonovulating queens within reference ranges established for determining gonadal status in cats in: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association - Ahead of print (avma.org). This fascinating conversation promises to unveil the importance of anti-Müllerian hormone and inhibin-B concentrations in determining the gonadal status of cats. We'll probe into how these hormones, produced by granulosa cells within the ovarian follicles, play a significant role in detecting ovarian tissue, and how establishing a population-based reference range for these hormones provides a solid foundation for interpreting results from cases seeking to determine gonadal status in cats.Our conversation further delves into the potential of this pioneering research to help diagnose ovarian remnant syndrome in cats. Alan and Aime will impart their enlightening findings on the cyclicity of these hormones and their connection to a cat's follicular activity. Learn about their manuscript's journey from submission to publication in JAVMA. You won't want to miss this captivating discussion as we spotlight the impressive impact their work has had on the veterinary medical field. Hosted by Associate Editor Dr. Sarah Wright and Editor-in-Chief Dr. Lisa Fortier.INTERESTED IN SUBMITTING YOUR MANUSCRIPT TO JAVMA ® OR AJVR ® ? JAVMA ® : https://avma.org/JAVMAAuthors AJVR ® : https://avma.org/AJVRAuthorsFOLLOW US:JAVMA ® : Facebook: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association - JAVMA | Facebook Instagram: JAVMA (@avma_javma) • Instagram photos and videos Twitter: JAVMA (@AVMAJAVMA) / Twitter AJVR ® : Facebook: American Journal of Veterinary Research - AJVR | Facebook Instagram: AJVR (@ajvroa) • Instagram photos and videos Twitter: AJVR (@AJVROA) / Twitter JAVMA ® and AJVR ® LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/company/avma-journals

References Essays Biochem. 2021 Nov; 65(6): 913–925 Front. Endocrinol. 2022. AUGUST. v.13 .Sec. Molecular and Structural Endocrinology --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.07.17.549333v1?rss=1 Authors: Jones, S. L., Anastassiadis, C., Dupuis, M., Pruessner, J. C. Abstract: The hypothalamus and pituitary regulate, amongst other functions, third order endocrine systems, and their volumes have been associated with normal and pathological outcomes. Yet, there are very few studies that examine their combined structural variations in vivo. This is due, in part, to their small size and a lack of comprehensive image segmentation protocols. In the current project we acquired high-resolution T1- (1mm isotropic) and T2-weighted (0.4mm in plane resolution) 3T magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, as well as salivary estradiol and testosterone from 31 (17M, 14F) young healthy adults. Women reported oral contraceptive use. Image preprocessing included non-uniformity correction, signal intensity normalization and standard stereotaxic space registration. We applied a comprehensive manual segmentation protocol of the whole hypothalamus, with detailed segmentation of the pituitary stalk, the anterior and posterior pituitary gland, and the posterior bright spot. We also propose a novel medial-lateral hypothalamic parcellation into medial preoptic, periventricular (PVN), and lateral hypothalamic regions. The protocol yielded good inter- (range: 0.78-0.92) and intra-rater (range: 0.79-0.94) Dice kappa overlap coefficients. We detected sex differences of the whole hypothalamus and each hemisphere, and a trend for the right preoptic region to be larger in males than in females, with a moderate effect size. Sex differences were maintained or enhanced when covarying for estradiol, but not when covarying for testosterone. In addition, testosterone was associated with the volume of the PVN, but only in women. In summary, these results suggest that there are morphometric differences at the level of the pituitary and hypothalamus that are likely driven by central regulation of gonadal hormones. The here described protocol allows the structural investigation of neuroendocrine effects in the central nervous system. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

As imaging techniques have improved and become more commonly used, health care professionals are finding more adrenal incidentalomas. Join endocrine experts Diane Donegan, MD, Chair, AACE Disease State Network Pituitary, Gonadal, Adrenal, & Neuroendocrine, and Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine at Indiana School of Medicine, and Irina Bancos, MD, AACE Disease State Network Pituitary, Gonadal, Adrenal, & Neuroendocrine expert, and Associate Professor of Medicine and Adrenal Endocrinologist at the Mayo Clinic, as they discuss several interesting adrenal case studies and recommendations for clinical management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas.

In this episode we talk to Registered Holistic Nutritionist, Weight Loss Coach, Hormone Fixer-Upper, Metabolic Balance Coach and author of the Amazon bestseller, The 30-Day Hormone Solution Samantha Gladish about all things thyroid. Samantha helps us to better understand the correlation between our thyroid and our overall body wellness as we learn how our thyroid governs our head- to-toe systems and processes; everything from metabolism, to fertility and the health of our cycles. We learn what to pay attention to as it pertains to important symptoms and how to approach our own path to healing and self-care. If you enjoyed this episode, make sure and give us a five star rating  and leave us a review on iTunes, Podcast Addict, Podchaser and Castbox. STRONG Fitness Magazine Subscription Use discount code STRONGGIRLResourcesSTRONG Fitness MagazineSTRONG Fitness Magazine on IGTeam Strong GirlsCoach JVBFollow Jenny on social mediaInstagramFacebookYouTube 

Fisiología Médica de Boron Boulpaep --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/las-poderosas-celulas-nk/message

In the last episode of this season's BioSounds. We have Chloé Mayere telling us about her PhD project on creating a robust model for the development of gonads, which plays crucial roles in the biological process of sex determination. And then together with Camila Branco, we will learn from Prof. Paula Nunes-Hasler about the mechanism of antigen cross presentation, an essential mechanism of our immune system. Presented by Jiabin Xu.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.06.12.147777v1?rss=1 Authors: van Rosmalen, L., van Dalum, J., Hazlerigg, D. G., Hut, R. A. Abstract: To optimally time reproduction, seasonal mammals use a photoperiodic neuroendocrine system (PNES) that measures photoperiod and subsequently drives reproduction. To adapt to late spring arrival at northern latitudes, a lower photoperiodic sensitivity and therefore a higher critical photoperiod for reproductive onset is necessary in northern species to arrest reproductive development until spring onset. Temperature-photoperiod relationships, and hence food availability-photoperiod relationships, are highly latitude dependent. Therefore, we predict PNES sensitivity characteristics to be latitude-dependent. Here, we investigated photoperiodic responses at different times during development in northern- (tundra/root vole, Microtus oeconomus) and southern vole species (common vole, Microtus arvalis) exposed to constant short (SP) or long photoperiod (LP). M. oeconomus grows faster under LP, whereas no photoperiodic effect on somatic growth is observed in M. arvalis. Contrastingly, gonadal growth is more sensitive to photoperiod in M. arvalis, suggesting that photoperiodic responses in somatic and gonadal growth can be plastic, and might be regulated through different mechanisms. In both species, thyroid-stimulating-hormone-{beta} subunit (Tsh{beta}) and iodothyronine-deiodines 2 (Dio2) expression is highly increased under LP, whereas Tshr and Dio3 decreases under LP. High Tshr levels in voles raised under SP may lead to increased sensitivity to increasing photoperiods later in life. The higher photoperiodic induced Tshr response in M. oeconomus suggests that the northern vole species might be more sensitive to TSH when raised under SP. Species differences in developmental programming of the PNES, which is dependent on photoperiod early in development, may form part divergent breeding strategies evolving as part of latitudinal adaptation. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Dr. Jill Crista discusses the mechanism of how mold mycotoxins can cause low thyroid function and low gonadal hormones (testosterone for men, estrogen for women, progesterone for women, etc.), and why mold is something all chronically fatigue and brain foggy people should have assessed in their homes and with lab testing. .Mold sickness is more about the toxins than the spores. All mold toxins (called mycotoxins) cause mitochondrial damage. Mycotoxins are potent protein synthesis inhibitors - what this means is that they stop you from making necessary metabolic components for building muscle, stamina, and balanced hormones. Mycotoxins also rewire your immune system making you more susceptible to infections, or impair your ability to recover once sick.Hormonally, some mycotoxins are detrimental to testosterone production and the direct health of the testes, with some actually being estrogenic.. More about Dr. Jill: Dr. Jill Crista is a naturopathic doctor, best-selling author, and nationally recognized health educator on mold-related health issues.Her passion is to improve health by raising men's awareness of the hazards of exposure to toxic mold.If you're wanting to gain actionable steps to conquer hormone and health challenges related to toxic mold, check out her book, Break The Mold: 5 Tools to Conquer Mold and Take Back Your Health.

Clase dictada por Pablo Arias; Organizada por el CECM.

Clase dictada por Pablo Arias; Organizada por el CECM

This JCO Podcast provides observations and commentary on the JCO article Gonadal Functioning and Perceptions of Infertility Risk among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study by Lehmann et al. My name is Leslie Schover, and I am retired from the faculty of MD Anderson Cancer Center and currently Founder of Will2Love.com a digital health company in Houston, Texas. My oncologic specialty is cancer-related problems with reproductive health, i.e. sexual function and fertility.   Damaged fertility is unfortunately quite common in survivors of childhood cancer. A variety of chemotherapy drugs, as well as surgery affecting parts of the reproductive system or radiation therapy focused on the pelvis or brain, can damage spermatogenesis, reduce ovarian reserve, or interfere with uterine function. In general, males are more at risk than females for cancer-related infertility. Some survivors do not undergo puberty without hormonal support. For others, fertility may recover over time. However, many young women who have menstrual cycles in their teens or twenties are at risk for premature ovarian failure, leaving a narrowed window of time to become pregnant. Men do not know whether they have normal sperm counts, motility, or form unless they have had a recent semen analysis. People diagnosed with cancer before puberty may never have been counseled about fertility. Even survivors treated as teens or young adults typically do not know their fertility status unless they have consulted an expert in reproductive endocrinology or andrology. Surveys of young survivors suggest that the majority want to have children, particularly those who are childless.   A number of studies have documented markers of infertility or reduced rates of offspring in survivors of cancer, but little has been known about their perceptions of their fertility status. In the paper that accompanies this podcast, Lehmann and colleagues present novel data about the risk perceptions for infertility compared to indicators of actual gonadal function in over a thousand long-term survivors of childhood cancer participating in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort. None of the participants already had children or a previous pregnancy. The mean age of the sample was 29, with a mean follow-up of 22 years since cancer diagnosis. 85% were white and 32% had at least a 4-year college degree. 52% were married or in a relationship. Only 10% of men and 16% of women had been tested for infertility outside of the study.   Gonadal function was measured by a semen analysis in 56% of men and by a panel of hormones in the others. In women under age 40, status as fertile vs. sub-fertile was assigned by chart review based on menstruation, diagnosed premature ovarian failure, or hormonal assays. Perception of risk for infertility was based on one question with a Likert scale of 5 response options, comparing one’s own fertility to that of peers who had not had cancer. Answers were dichotomized into two categories: perceived at risk for fertility or perceived normal fertility.   62% did perceive themselves as at risk for infertility. Those who perceived their fertility as damaged had characteristics that would indicate potentially more knowledge about cancer and fertility, including being older, white, in a relationship, having a college education, a history of gonadotoxic treatment, having tried unsuccessfully to conceive, or having sexual dysfunction.   In actuality, 24% of women and 56% of men had evidence of impaired gonadal function. However, actual medical status had no significant relationship to perceptions of risk. The most common discordance was that the survivor believed him or herself to have damaged fertility when medical tests appeared normal. This included 20% of men and 44% of women. Inaccurate perceptions were more common in respondents who were white, had more education, had more gonadotoxic cancer therapy, were very concerned about their fertility, and had sexual dysfunction. In contrast only 16% of men and 5% of women overestimated their fertility potential.   In terms of clinical implications, it is common for young survivors to overestimate their risk of infertility. Such beliefs can diminish quality of life. A young person who feels like “damaged goods” may be distressed about the future and perhaps reluctant to date or to enter into a committed relationship. For women, risky drinking was another factor associated with overestimating fertility risk. Risky drinking, and the notion that pregnancy is impossible, may contribute to findings in other studies of excess rates of unintended pregnancies and failure to use consistent contraception in young adult female survivors. Those unaware of their damaged fertility maybe in for distress and disappointment if they try for a pregnancy. Clearly a greater effort should be made to inform young survivors about risks to fertility and to refer them for testing at intervals of fertility status.   It appears that women are much more likely than men to perceive themselves as potentially infertile, despite the fact that men are more likely to be infertile. However, the measures of gonadal function used in women were not sensitive enough to predict the likelihood of diminished ovarian reserve in the future. Many young survivors of cancer can conceive in their teens or twenties, yet have a steeper than normal drop-off in ovarian reserve with aging, so that their menopause occurs far before the average age of 51. In fact, women’s fears in this study that they will have trouble getting pregnant in the future may be more accurate than they appear. Age at first pregnancy has steadily increased in our society, with women postponing childbearing until they have completed educational goals or established a working life. More cancer survivors are likely to run out of time before they are ready to have a child. One solution may be commercial egg banking before age 25-30, if fertility preservation was not accomplished before starting cancer treatment. Egg banking is expensive, however, and does not guarantee a future pregnancy.   This survey adds to our knowledge of the informational needs of survivors of cancer in childhood or teen years. Both medical and counseling support should be more readily available. Survivors with lower health literacy would be particularly good targets for such services.   This concludes this JCO Podcast. Thank you for listening.

→ Join us on Patreon ← Dr. Peter Attia, MD is the founder of Attia Medical, PC, a medical practice that focuses on increasing healthspan by minimizing the risk of chronic disease and preserving quality of life. Peter trained for five years at Johns Hopkins in general surgery and then spent two years at NIH as a surgical oncology fellow.  He has since been mentored by some of the most experienced and innovative physicians and scientists in the US and Canada. On this podcast Dr. Tommy Wood, MD talks with Peter about the critical components of lifespan and healthspan, including the factors he has identified as most important. They also discuss the controversial role of statin medication and take a close look at the necessity and sufficiency of risk factors for atherosclerosis. If you want to learn more about Peter’s work, he has a blog, a podcast and an active social media presence. Here’s the outline of this interview with Peter Attia: [00:00:35] Mellow Johnny’s Bike Shop. [00:04:01] Eddy Merckx. [00:04:16] Healthspan. Video: Peter Attia - Reverse engineered approach to human longevity. [00:05:23] Components of healthspan: cognitive, physical, emotional. [00:07:21] Lewis Hamilton; Ayrton Senna. [00:08:35] Reverse engineering healthspan. [00:11:34] Strength, power, aerobic and anaerobic fitness, flexibility. [00:14:57] Injuries affecting healthspan. [00:16:27] Exercise dosing studies: Marshall, Simon J., et al. "Translating physical activity recommendations into a pedometer-based step goal: 3000 steps in 30 minutes." American journal of preventive medicine 36.5 (2009): 410-415; Merghani, Ahmed, Aneil Malhotra, and Sanjay Sharma. "The U-shaped relationship between exercise and cardiac morbidity." Trends in cardiovascular medicine 26.3 (2016): 232-240. [00:17:26] Atrial fibrillation; mitochondrial injury. [00:18:39] Study: Nakayama, Hiroyuki, and Kinya Otsu. "Mitochondrial DNA as an inflammatory mediator in cardiovascular diseases." Biochemical Journal 475.5 (2018): 839-852. [00:19:28] Functional threshold power (FTP). [00:23:58] Podcast: The High-Performance Athlete with Drs Tommy Wood and Andy Galpin. [00:23:59] Twin study: Bathgate, Katherine E., et al. "Muscle health and performance in monozygotic twins with 30 years of discordant exercise habits." European journal of applied physiology 118.10 (2018): 2097-2110. [00:24:50] The emotional component of healthspan. [00:24:56] The Drive Podcast: Paul Conti, M.D.: trauma, suicide, community, and self-compassion. [00:25:59] Dave Feldman; Podcast: How to Drop Your Cholesterol. [00:26:40] Sam Harris: Meditation. [00:29:30] Video: Commencement speech by David Foster Wallace from 2005 at Kenyon College, This is Water. [00:30:45] Vulnerability as a practitioner. [00:33:46] Time-restricted feeding. [00:34:23] Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM); Oura ring. [00:35:38] Factors contributing to longevity: deprivation of calories and rapamycin. [00:37:54] Benefits of fasting. [00:41:04] Free T3:Reverse T3 ratios during fasting. [00:42:50] Study: Finkelstein, Joel S., et al. "Gonadal steroids and body composition, strength, and sexual function in men." New England Journal of Medicine 369.11 (2013): 1011-1022. [00:43:30] Robert Lustig. [00:45:07] Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). [00:46:09] Statins; side effects. [00:48:36] Lipoprotein(a) - Lp(a). [00:49:19] Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scan. [00:54:03] The Drive podcasts: Dave Feldman, Ron Krauss, Tom Dayspring: (parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). [00:54:32] Risk factors for atherosclerosis: necessity and sufficiency. [00:56:16] Lead study: Lanphear, Bruce P., et al. "Low-level lead exposure and mortality in US adults: a population-based cohort study." The Lancet Public Health 3.4 (2018): e177-e184. [00:59:03] LDL cholesterol; ApoB. [01:01:15] Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH). [01:04:41] Hyper-responders. [01:06:25] Saturated fat/cholesterol study: Jones, P. J., A. H. Lichtenstein, and E. J. Schaefer. "Interaction of dietary fat saturation and cholesterol level on cholesterol synthesis measured using deuterium incorporation." Journal of lipid research 35.6 (1994): 1093-1101. [01:09:43] Feldman Protocol. [01:11:48] The Drive podcast; peterattiamd.com.

Dr. Ben House, PhD. is a Nutritionist (CN), Functional Diagnostic Nutrition (FDN) practitioner, and Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner (CFMP), as well as a strength coach and the owner of Functional Medicine Costa Rica.  He has a passion for researching, writing, and teaching, and hosts professional and wellness retreats in the Jungle of Uvita, Costa Rica. Today Ben is talking with Dr. Tommy Wood, MD, PhD, about his pragmatic approach to health coaching and training. They discuss testosterone, estrogen, ketosis, and building strength, muscle mass and resilience.  They also share problem-solving strategies for helping clients who aren’t making the progress they want. In the intro, I also mentioned our new Blood Chemistry Calculator that utilizes a machine learning algorithm and blood chemistry data from 36,000 people. This is a powerful tool that can help identify your specific health challenges without directly testing for them, pointing you more squarely in the direction of your health and performance goals. Here’s the outline of this interview with Dr Ben House: [00:00:42] Dr. Ruscio’s Podcast: Adrenal Testing, Mitochondrial Health, Testosterone, Stress, Calories, Body Comp, and Much More with Dr. Ben House. [00:01:35] Background. [00:02:18] Coeliac disease. [00:04:17] Podcast: How to Create Behaviour Change, with Simon Marshall, PhD. [00:05:24] Retreats in Costa Rica. [00:06:17] Study: Trexler, Eric T., et al. "Fat-Free Mass Index in NCAA Division I and II Collegiate American Football Players." The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 31.10 (2017): 2719-2727. [00:07:48] Strength in the endurance athlete. [00:09:40] Testosterone. [00:11:26] Exercised induced hypogonadal male. [00:12:23] GNRH. Study: Bergendahl, Matti, and Johannes D. Veldhuis. "Altered pulsatile gonadotropin signaling in nutritional deficiency in the male." Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism 6.5 (1995): 145-159. [00:12:48] Physicians for Ancestral Health. [00:13:56] Undereating. [00:14:08] Acromegaly. [00:14:39] Optimal foraging theory. [00:15:55] Getting in the calories on a minimally processed diet. [00:18:31] Low WBC. [00:20:45] 100% meat diet. [00:21:41] Scurvy. [00:21:50] Shawn Baker, MD, nequalsmany.com. [00:23:02] Consistency. [00:24:05] Study: Travison, Thomas G., et al. "Temporal trends in testosterone levels and treatment in older men." Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity 16.3 (2009): 211-217. [00:24:39] How testosterone is made. [00:26:19] Heartmath, float tank. [00:26:50] Traumatic Brain Injury. [00:27:13] Varicocele. [00:29:17] Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT). [00:30:05] Studies: Finkelstein, Joel S., et al. "Gonadal steroids and body composition, strength, and sexual function in men." New England Journal of Medicine 369.11 (2013): 1011-1022, and Chao, Jing, et al. "Short-Term Estrogen Withdrawal Increases Adiposity in Healthy Men." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 101.10 (2016): 3724-3731. [00:31:29] Oestrogen. [00:32:40] Dried Urine Test for Comprehensive Hormones (DUTCH); also see Podcast: How to Get Deep Insights on Hormones and Their Metabolism, with Mark Newman. [00:33:55] Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG). [00:34:17] Albumin. [00:34:26] Megalin. [00:36:58] Looking at sleep, training program. [00:38:28] Bryan Walsh. [00:39:29] Mass2 training protocol. [00:40:01] Dopamine. [00:43:23] Finding a training program. [00:45:19] Gut infections: Cryptosporidium, Giardia. [00:46:29] Practitioner training. [00:47:58] Pseudoscience. [00:48:51] Building credibility. [00:50:16] Chris Kresser. [00:51:24] Book: Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, by Carol Dweck. [00:52:45] Ben on Facebook. [00:52:58] Retreats. [00:54:52] Ben’s website. [00:55:13] Study: Brinkworth, Grant D., et al. "Long-term effects of a very-low-carbohydrate weight loss diet compared with an isocaloric low-fat diet after 12 mo." The American journal of clinical nutrition 90.1 (2009): 23-32. [00:56:36] Jeff Volek. [00:57:05] Keto for women. [00:58:15] Fat and CHO PTSD. [00:58:43] Podcast: The Most Reliable Way to Lose Weight, with Dr. Tommy Wood. [01:00:20] Tracking basal body temp. [01:00:35] Study: Pontzer, Herman, et al. "Constrained total energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation to physical activity in adult humans." Current Biology 26.3 (2016): 410-417. [01:02:19] Podcast with Ryan Baxter: How to Fuel For Your Sport (with Obstacle Course Racing as an Example). [01:03:16] How much can you eat?

Thursday, 4:00 pm, PAIS 290 We have known for more than forty years that the brains of humans and other animals are sexually dimorphic. That is, there are reliable differences in the average size, shape, and connectivity of male and female brains. While the existence of neural sex differences is beyond dispute, their significance is controversial. What do neural sex differences mean for social norms, mental health, and the perennial argument about “nature vs. nurture”? This talk will focus on the neuroscience of sex differences. The speaker will describe how sex differences in the brain are typically studied and how the factors that influence their development have been identified. Gonadal hormones such as testosterone and estrogen play a major role in establishing sex differences. Yet at the same time, sex-typical experiences are also important in the development of male and female brains. That is, both hormones and hormone-driven experience seem to be necessary for the normal development and expression of sex-typical brains and behaviors. Many complex psychiatric conditions, such as drug abuse, anxiety, and depression, vary by sex in terms of their prevalence, age-of-onset, and severity. Thus, while sex differences are intrinsically interesting, they may also provide clues about the origins of mental illness and potential treatments. The final part of the talk will focus on Dr. Cooke’s research at Georgia State University in which he and his students have sought to identify factors that influence the sex-specific prevalence of mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. He will describe their efforts to develop a model of adverse early experience and its impact on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in the laboratory rat. October 2, 2014
 Many complex psychiatric conditions, such as drug abuse, anxiety, and depression, vary by sex in terms of their prevalence, age-of-onset, and severity. Thus, while sex differences are intrinsically interesting, they may also provide clues about the origins of mental illness and potential treatments. The final part of the talk will focus on Dr. Cooke’s research at Georgia State University in which he and his students have sought to identify factors that influence the sex-specific prevalence of mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. He will describe their efforts to develop a model of adverse early experience and its impact on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in the laboratory rat. Finally, and if time permits, Dr. Cooke will present some exciting new data concerning his lab's use of a novel brain - computer interface to study sex differences at the neural network level. 

Thursday, 4:00 pm, PAIS 290 We have known for more than forty years that the brains of humans and other animals are sexually dimorphic. That is, there are reliable differences in the average size, shape, and connectivity of male and female brains. While the existence of neural sex differences is beyond dispute, their significance is controversial. What do neural sex differences mean for social norms, mental health, and the perennial argument about “nature vs. nurture”? This talk will focus on the neuroscience of sex differences. The speaker will describe how sex differences in the brain are typically studied and how the factors that influence their development have been identified. Gonadal hormones such as testosterone and estrogen play a major role in establishing sex differences. Yet at the same time, sex-typical experiences are also important in the development of male and female brains. That is, both hormones and hormone-driven experience seem to be necessary for the normal development and expression of sex-typical brains and behaviors. Many complex psychiatric conditions, such as drug abuse, anxiety, and depression, vary by sex in terms of their prevalence, age-of-onset, and severity. Thus, while sex differences are intrinsically interesting, they may also provide clues about the origins of mental illness and potential treatments. The final part of the talk will focus on Dr. Cooke’s research at Georgia State University in which he and his students have sought to identify factors that influence the sex-specific prevalence of mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. He will describe their efforts to develop a model of adverse early experience and its impact on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in the laboratory rat. October 2, 2014
 Many complex psychiatric conditions, such as drug abuse, anxiety, and depression, vary by sex in terms of their prevalence, age-of-onset, and severity. Thus, while sex differences are intrinsically interesting, they may also provide clues about the origins of mental illness and potential treatments. The final part of the talk will focus on Dr. Cooke’s research at Georgia State University in which he and his students have sought to identify factors that influence the sex-specific prevalence of mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. He will describe their efforts to develop a model of adverse early experience and its impact on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in the laboratory rat. Finally, and if time permits, Dr. Cooke will present some exciting new data concerning his lab's use of a novel brain - computer interface to study sex differences at the neural network level. 

Gonadal steroids are known to influence hypothalamic functions through both genomic and non-genomic pathways. Sex hormone-binding globulin ( SHBG) may act by a non-genomic mechanism independent of classical steroid receptors. Here we describe the immunocytochemical mapping of SHBG-containing neurons and nerve fibers in the human hypothalamus and infundibulum. Mass spectrometry and Western blot analysis were also used to characterize the biochemical characteristics of SHBG in the hypothalamus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of humans. SHBG-immunoreactive neurons were observed in the supraoptic nucleus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, arcuate nucleus, the perifornical region and the medial preoptic area in human brains. There were SHBG-immunoreactive axons in the median eminence and the infundibulum. A partial colocalization with oxytocin could be observed in the posterior pituitary lobe in consecutive semithin sections. We also found strong immunoreactivity for SHBG in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus and in a portion of the ependymal cells lining the third ventricle. Mass spectrometry showed that affinity-purified SHBG from the hypothalamus and choroid plexus is structurally similar to the SHBG identified in the CSF. The multiple localizations of SHBG suggest neurohypophyseal and neuroendocrine functions. The biochemical data suggest that CSF SHBG is of brain rather than blood origin. Copyright (c) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel

To determine the origin of estrogens in infant blood, we measured estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in the gonads of 50 girls and 64 boys who died suddenly between birth and 2 yr of age as well as in the adrenals of 18 of these infant girls and 16 of the boys. In the adrenals, E1 [median, 2.8 ng/g (10.4 pmol/g); range, 1.1-4.8 ng/g (4.1- 17.8 pmol/g)] and E2 [median, 3.0 ng/g (10.9 pmol/g); range, 1.2-5.3 ng/g (4.4-19.5 pmol/g)] were found in similar concentrations and were independent of age and sex. In the gonads, E2 was the major estrogen, but the concentrations differed markedly between the sexes; E2 exceeded E1 almost 10-fold in the ovaries and 2-fold in the testes. On the average, the gonads of the infant girls had 5 times more E2 and 2 times more E1 than those of the boys. As in plasma, E2 concentrations were highest in the ovaries of 1- to 6-month-old girls [median, 10.5 ng/g (38.5 pmol/g); range, 1.1-55.1 ng/g (4.0-202.0 pmol/g)] and in testes of 1- to 3-month-old boys [median, 1.8 ng/g (6.6 pmol/g); range, 0.6- 6.4 ng/g (2.3-23.5 pmol/g)]. Ovarian E2 concentrations declined to less than 3.0 ng/g (11.0 pmol/g) by the end of the first year of life, and testicular E2 declined to less than 1.0 ng/g (3.7 pmol/g) after only 6 months of age. Gonadal estrogen concentrations paralleled changes in gonadal morphology. Ovarian weights varied in a pattern of rise and fall similar to that of ovarian E2 concentrations; the biggest ovaries contained multiple macroscopic cysts. Testicular E2 closely correlated with Leydig cell development and testicular testosterone concentrations. We infer, therefore, that the surge of plasma E2 in infant girls originates from ovarian follicles and that of boys from testicular Leydig cells, and that these both occur as a result of the postnatal surge in gonadotropin secretion. The basal plasma E1 and E2 pool, however, is derived from the adrenals and remains at a comparatively constant level in both sexes