Podcasts about apob

I used to think of fiber as just “good for digestion,” but it turns out this single nutrient can lower cholesterol as powerfully as a statin—and do so much more for your brain, gut, and longevity. In this minisode of The Neuro Experience, I sit down with Dr. Rupy Aujla — NHS doctor, author, and founder of The Doctor's Kitchen — to break down the science behind fiber and why it's one of the most underrated tools for preventing heart disease and inflammation. This episode features highlights from our full conversation, which premiered August 5th, 2025. Watch the full episode here → https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jay-Sg2sg6s Connect with Dr. Rupy Aujla: Website: The Doctor's Kitchen Instagram: @doctors_kitchen Books: The Doctor's Kitchen & Eat to Beat Illness *** Topics discussed: 00:18 – The TikTok “fiber maxxing” trend explained 00:42 – How to transition from low-fiber to high-fiber safely 01:02 – How fiber binds cholesterol and removes it from the body 01:26 – Feeding your gut microbes: the real reason fiber matters 02:10 – What short-chain fatty acids do for inflammation and longevity 03:00 – How fiber increases LDL receptor activity in the liver 03:42 – How 60 days of high-fiber eating lowers ApoB and LDL 04:03 – The “Portfolio Diet” that rivals statins 05:08 – The best fiber-rich foods: oats, barley, soy, nuts, seeds 06:14 – What to know about oats, glyphosate, and processing 07:16 – The perfect high-fiber breakfast recipe 07:53 – How food can match statin effects (and go beyond) 09:10 – The one daily change to reduce heart attack and stroke risk 09:26 – Dr. Rupy's B.B.G.S. formula for everyday health 10:13 – How fiber diversity transforms cholesterol and gut health *** I'm Louisa Nicola — clinical neurophysiologist — Alzheimer's prevention specialist — founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain — reducing Alzheimer's risk — and staying mentally sharp for life, you're in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

I recently had an ApoB test and am surprised that it isn't lower than it is.  Can you explain?I have an ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm.  How can I keep it from enlarging?Why are you against whole-body scans? Aren't they helpful?Can I take magnesium L-threonate while also taking magnesium glycinate?

The Real Truth About Cholesterol, Heart Disease & Cardiovascular Health SUMMARY What if your cholesterol isn't trying to kill you—it's trying to protect you? In this solo deep-dive, Coach Debbie Potts breaks down the outdated cholesterol myths and reveals the root-cause truth behind cardiovascular disease. Drawing from the work of Dave Feldman, Dr. Ben Bikman, Dr. Paul Mason, Ivor Cummins, and Dr. William Davis, Debbie explains why heart disease is an inflammatory, metabolic, and endothelial problem—not a cholesterol problem. Learn which markers truly predict risk, how to interpret your labs beyond LDL, the role of genetics and epigenetics, and what it really takes to reverse plaque and rebuild a resilient metabolism. If you're ready to move beyond fear and finally understand your cardiovascular health through the lens of functional, ancestral, and root-cause medicine, this episode is your roadmap. KEY TAKEAWAYS LDL isn't "bad"—oxidized, inflamed LDL in a damaged arterial wall is. Heart disease = terrain dysfunction: insulin resistance, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and loss of nitric oxide. ApoB + inflammation predict risk far better than total cholesterol. Context matters: High LDL in a low-inflammation, insulin-sensitive body ≠ the same risk as in a high-inflammation body. Saturated fat isn't the enemy; oxidized seed oils and sugar are. You can't out-supplement poor habits. Sleep, stress regulation, circadian alignment, and daily movement build vascular resilience. Plaque can stabilize or regress when you heal the root causes. The WHOLESTIC Method™ integrates nutrition, movement, sleep, stress, digestion, hydration, and happiness to rebuild your health from the inside out. TESTS & TOOLS MENTIONED - talk to your provider! ApoB (< 80 mg/dL optimal) LDL-P (< 1,000 nmol/L) Triglyceride : HDL ratio (< 1) hs-CRP (< 0.5 mg/L) Lp(a) (< 30 mg/dL) Fasting Insulin / HOMA-IR (< 5 µIU/mL / < 1.0) Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Score (0 = clean) CCTA / Cleerly AI Analysis for plaque composition Carotid IMT, Omega-3 Index, Homocysteine, Vitamin D + K2

Send us a textJosh Wageman is a returning guest on our show! Be sure to check out his first appearance on episode on 869 of BBR!Josh Wageman is a Clinical Lipid Specialist with multiple doctoral degrees who formerly practiced in Endocrinology. His PhD work focused on cholesterol disturbances in Alzheimer's Disease and, although he also has a Doctorate in Physical Therapy, he is best known for his role in teaching lipid physiology.He serves as an adjunct professor at several medical programs and his goal is to help you, whoever you are, NOT have heart attacks, strokes, and dementia by explaining complicated biochemical concepts in a relatable way!Employing a smorgasbord of metaphors, pictures, and catchphrases, his latest book The Home Security System and the Lipid Neighborhood serves as a valuable reference for clinicians and non-clinicians alike, bringing refreshing relatability to complex biochemical topics. Through a lipid-lens, you'll learn, laugh, and love your way through its pages…and in the end, you'll undoubtedly add “life to your years!”Josh is active in Youth Ministries at Heritage Bible Church in Boise, Idaho, and resides there with his family. He also enjoys Crossfit, basketball, Ultimate Frisbee, and all sports that don't involve skates.Find Dr. Wageman at-Amazon- The Home Security System and the Lipid Neighborhood IG- @wagemanjoshLK- @Josh WagemanFind Boundless Body at- myboundlessbody.com Book a session with us here!

Send us a textMost lab reports end with a shrug: “You're fine.” We think you deserve better than fine. This conversation is a practical guide to reading your blood work with confidence, using trends over time, and translating numbers into action you can stick with. Brent from Sage Healthspan joins us to unpack why “normal” ranges aren't the goal in a metabolically unwell population, how a closed-data AI can protect privacy while clarifying your results, and which overlooked biomarkers can change your prevention plan.We walk through the markers that move the needle. For cardiovascular risk, ApoB outperforms total cholesterol, while Lp(a) can reveal a genetic risk hidden in standard panels and point you toward a timely calcium score. Men should treat PSA as a low-friction lifesaver rather than an afterthought. Women deserve complete hormone panels, not piecemeal tests that miss the bigger picture. We also break down composite markers, ratios, and biological age as motivators—useful not as verdicts, but as guides to your next best step.The episode connects labs with real life. Sleep, training load, season, and environment all shape your biology. Wearables like Oura can inform when to push or pull back; vitamin D shifts with sunlight; fasting changes testosterone; and context matters as much as the number itself. We share how Sage ingests historical labs, normalizes units, explains biomarkers in plain English, and even drafts smart questions you can email to your doctor so every appointment counts. The aim is simple: lower friction, improve clarity, and build health agency that compounds over time.If you're ready to move from “okay” to optimal, tune in and learn how to centralize your data, fill panel gaps affordably, and make better daily choices backed by evidence. Subscribe, share with a friend who's ready to own their health, and leave a review to help more listeners find the show.Support the showLearn More at: www.Redefine-Fitness.com

Our guest, Hunter Ziesing shares his work with AI in assisting individuals in their quest for health and longevity.   Hunter spent the bulk of his career in investment banking focusing on the Healthcare, Consumer, and Technology areas. He was the founder of Charity of Choice, a non-profit focused on cancer research and health prevention. Early Overall Outcomes Biomarker Improvements A majority of patients showed significant movement in at least one critical biomarker (ApoB, VAT, bone density, VO2Max, HbA1c). ~80% improved at least one key biomarker. Common improvements included reductions in ApoB, decreases in visceral fat (VAT), and gains in lean mass/bone density. Major Findings from Diagnostics ~65% of patients had at least one significant finding from testing (e.g., early CAD on Cleerly, sleep apnea, insulin resistance, GI imbalances). These findings directly shaped interventions and escalations in care. Symptom Reversals ~30% experienced meaningful reversal of previously severe symptoms (e.g., hypertension control, prediabetes reversal, improved sleep apnea, reduction in chronic GI symptoms). Resources: ai.longevityhealth.me Our Sponsor: Haven Medical maker of the Cox 8 Table  

Send us a textEstratificar o risco não é só preencher uma calculadora: é decidir quão agressivamente precisamos agir para evitar eventos cardiovasculares nos nossos pacientes.Neste episódio do Clube da Cardio, recebemos mais uma vez a Dra. Marília Prudente, cardiologista e especialista em Doença Arterial Coronariana pelo Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, mestra pela USP/IDPC, para discutir o passo a passo da estratificação do risco cardiovascular segundo a Diretriz Brasileira de Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose 2025.

In this episode of Death Clock, Brent speaks with Dr. Nazish Sayed, a Stanford cardiologist and vascular biologist, to cut through the confusion about cholesterol, heart disease, and statins. Dr. Sayed breaks down what LDL, HDL, and ApoB really mean, why high cholesterol is more about your biology than your breakfast, and how inflammation and genetics drive plaque buildup long before symptoms appear. He explains how statins work and why their benefits far outweigh the risks for most people. It's an evidence-based exploration of one of medicine's most misunderstood topics. Hope you enjoy.

Send us a textCurious why coconut oil can raise LDL for some people yet still show up in diets that improve metabolic health, cognition, and body composition? We get clear on what coconut oil actually is—a family of saturated fats with a rare abundance of medium-chain triglycerides—and why MCTs create ketones that the brain and mitochondria can use even without fasting. Instead of stopping at cholesterol, we look at the fuller picture: insulin resistance, inflammation, triglycerides, and real-world outcomes that drive risk more than a single lab value.We dig into the differences between MCT oil, extra-virgin coconut oil, and refined coconut oil, and when each makes sense. We compare biomarkers to hard endpoints, explain why some populations with high coconut intake have low cardiovascular disease, and explore how diet context flips the script: in a high-sugar diet, lipids can look worse; in a lower-carb, whole-food pattern, markers of metabolic syndrome often improve even if LDL nudges up. Along the way, we share insights on cooking stability, oxidative stress, and the intriguing idea that latitude and season may influence how fats signal thermogenesis and photoprotection.You'll leave with practical takeaways you can use today: how to choose between MCTs and whole coconut oil, how to integrate them into a low-sugar, nutrient-dense diet, and which labs to track beyond LDL, like ApoB, triglyceride-to-HDL ratio, hs-CRP, and fasting insulin. If you've wondered whether coconut oil is a villain or a misunderstood ally, this conversation offers a grounded, outcome-focused way to decide what fits your body and your climate.Enjoyed the conversation? Follow the show, share it with a friend, and leave a quick review so more people can find it.www.thehealthedgepodcast.com

With Jean-Benoit Le Polain de Waroux, St-Jan Hospital, Brugge - Belgium, and Maarten De Smet, AZ Sint Jan, Brugge - Belgium.  Link to European Heart Journal paper Link to European Heart Journal editorial

With Allan Sniderman, McGill University, Montreal - Canada.  Link to European Heart Journal Editorial, by Allan Sniderman, Michael J. Pencina and George Thanassoulis Link to European Heart Journal Paper

In this episode of The Neuro Experience, I sit down with Dr. Kellyann Niotis—one of the first fellowship-trained preventive neurologists—to reveal how you can protect your brain long before symptoms of Alzheimer's or dementia appear. With Alzheimer's cases expected to triple by 2050, Dr. Niotis explains the difference between dementia types, the real role of genes like ApoE4, and why lifestyle choices may be more powerful than genetics. If you want actionable tools to lower your risk, strengthen your memory, and understand the future of preventive neurology, this conversation delivers science-backed strategies you can start applying today. About Dr. Kellyann Niotis: Dr. Kellyann Niotis is the first fellowship-trained preventive neurologist focused on reducing risk for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Lewy Body Dementia. She launched the nation's first Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic at Weill Cornell and now leads early-detection and brain health research at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases Florida. Her work appears in leading medical journals and has been featured by CNN. *** Subscribe to The Neuro Experience for more conversations at the intersection of brain science and performance. I'm committed to bringing you evidence-based insights that you can apply to your own health journey. *** A huge thank you to my sponsors for supporting this episode:TimelineHead to⁠ http://timeline.com/neuro⁠ to get started. BeamVisit ⁠http://shopbeam.com/TNE⁠ and use code TNE at checkout. Jones Road BeautyHead to ⁠http://Jonesroadbeauty.com⁠ and use code NEURO at checkout. After you purchase, they will ask you where you heard about them. PLEASE support our show and tell them our show sent you. NOCDHead to ⁠http://learn.nocd.com/NEURO⁠ and book a free 15 minute call to get started. Eko HealthGo to ⁠http:/ekohealth.com/NEURO ⁠ for up to $50 off, plus a free chest piece cover.  *** I'm Louisa Nicola — clinical neuroscientist — Alzheimer's prevention specialist — founder of Neuro Athletics. My mission is to translate cutting-edge neuroscience into actionable strategies for cognitive longevity, peak performance, and brain disease prevention. If you're committed to optimizing your brain — reducing Alzheimer's risk — and staying mentally sharp for life, you're in the right place. Stay sharp. Stay informed. Join thousands who subscribe to the Neuro Athletics Newsletter → https://bit.ly/3ewI5P0 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/louisanicola_/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/louisanicola_ *** Topics discussed: 00:00 – Introduction 01:25 – Preventative neurology 02:23 – Dementia vs. Alzheimer's & Other Types of Dementia 04:08 – What Is Alzheimer's? 05:26 – Clinical Diagnosis: Imaging & Symptoms 07:07 – How Amyloid Disrupts Neural Communication 09:48 – Genetics vs. Lifestyle: Public Misunderstanding 12:02 – Role of Family History & Genetic Risk 14:04 – The ApoE4 Gene Explained15:07 – ApoE Variants 17:08 – ApoE4 and Lipid Transport in the Brain 18:35 – Immune Response & Infection Susceptibility 20:05 – Hormones: Key Role in Brain Health 21:08 – Genotypes & Risk Multipliers 23:01 – ApoE4 Not Always Deterministic: Population Studies 24:15 – Other Genetic Factors Beyond ApoE 25:13 – Biomarkers: Current Use & Limitations 27:13 – Risks of Self-Testing Biomarkers 28:45 – Why Two-Thirds of Patients Are Women 29:46 – Estrogen, Menopause & Neuroprotection 32:07 – Testosterone & Dementia Risk 35:01 – LDL, ApoB & Brain Health Debate 37:01 – Statins & Dementia: Myths vs. Evidence 39:08 – Fear & Misconceptions Around Cholesterol 41:09 – Lipoprotein(a) & Vascular Dementia Risk 44:39 – Brain Vasculature & Hypertension 49:15 – New Alzheimer's Drugs & Risks 55:32 – Why Rates Keep Rising (Lifestyle & Stress) 58:11 – Early Signs 01:00:23 – Tau Protein, Tangles & Neuronal Damage 01:05:49 – Keto vs. Mediterranean 01:07:14 – Personalization & Preference for Mediterranean Diet Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode of Girls Gone Wellness, we sit down with Dr. Matthew Nagra, one of the most respected naturopathic doctors focused in evidence-based nutrition. Known for cutting through the noise online and representing naturopathic medicine on some of the biggest stages, Dr. Nagra joins us to unpack some of the most controversial (and confusing) topics in nutrition.Here's what we get into:-Dr. Nagra's journey into naturopathic medicine and plant-based nutrition.-The truth about cholesterol, LDL, ApoB, eggs, and heart health.-Why seed oils aren't the villains the internet makes them out to be.-Plant-based proteins, soy, and whether fake meats are really better for you.-Red flags to watch for when spotting nutrition misinformation online.& so much more!Connect with Dr. Nagra below:Instagram is hereWebsite + booking link is hereFor more information & to join the Confident Clinician check it out here! Be sure to DM us on Instagram once you become a member for your special gift! Don't forget to follow us on Instagram @girlsgonewellnesspodcast for updates and more wellness tips. You can also subscribe to our Youtube Channel @Girlsgonewellnesspodcast to watch our episodes! Please subscribe to our podcast and leave a review—we truly appreciate your support. Let's embark on this journey to wellness together!DISCLAIMER: Nothing mentioned in this episode is medical advice and should not be taken as so. If you have any health concerns, please discuss these with your doctor or a licensed healthcare professional.

Dr. Hoffman continues his conversation with Jim LaValle, a clinical pharmacist and certified clinical nutritionist, detailing cholesterol's importance and its implications for cardiovascular health. 

September is Cholesterol Education Month. In this episode of Intelligent Medicine, Jim LaValle, a clinical pharmacist and certified clinical nutritionist, details cholesterol's importance and its implications for cardiovascular health. He delves into the nuances of cholesterol types, the historical shifts in perceptions of cholesterol, and how dietary and lifestyle factors influence cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk. Jim provides expert insights into the roles of LDL and HDL cholesterol, the significance of cholesterol particle size, the impact of carbohydrates on cholesterol, and the benefits of aged garlic extract and other supplements. The conversation emphasizes the importance of comprehensive lipid testing, understanding individual risk factors, and integrating both lifestyle modifications and, when necessary, medications into cardiovascular preventive strategies. The episode concludes with a discussion on the role of health policies and the future of integrative health approaches.

If you or someone you love has had a heart attack, stent, bypass, or high calcium score, this episode is for you. In this episode, Dr. Robert Todd Hurst, MD, FACC, FASE breaks down the 10 most critical facts about coronary artery disease (CAD), from understanding the real risks, to reversing progression through precision treatment, to the surprising link between muscle mass, insulin resistance, and heart health. You'll learn what your doctor may not have told you, and how to protect your heart with the best available science and strategy.  Key Time Stamps:  00:45 – What coronary artery disease means & common fears after stents or bypass  01:37 – The #1 thing to know & the staggering stats behind heart disease in the U.S.  02:17 – Who is in the highest risk category   02:55 – Why >90% of heart disease is preventable (and how)  03:15 – Understanding insulin resistance and its role in artery disease  04:22 – What your LDL and ApoB numbers should really be  05:25 – Why “mildly elevated” blood pressure isn't actually mild  05:55 – The powerful link between fitness, muscle mass, and longevity  06:42– Why visceral fat matters more than BMI or total body fat  07:04 – How mental health, stress, and sleep impact your heart  07:20 – The danger of waiting: 25% of heart disease presents as sudden death  08:05 – Why can HealthspanMD prevent heart disease when the numbers are so bleak  09:33 – What the Heart Longevity Program at HealthspanMD includes  10:55 – The team, tools, and assessments that make this different  13:10 – The timeline for Heart Longevity Program at HealtspanMD  14:25 – Why now? What happens when people wait too long  This information is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Don't make any decisions about your medical treatment without first talking to your doctor.    Connect with HealthspanMD:  https://www.linkedin.com/company/healthspanmd/   https://www.facebook.com/healthspanmd   https://www.instagram.com/healthspanmd/  https://quiz.healthspanmd.com/    

When someone's LDL cholesterol hits 574 mg/dL, doctors typically expect the worst. But what if everything we think we know about cholesterol and heart disease risk is incomplete?In this episode, I sit down with researchers Nick Norwitz, Adrian Soto-Mota, and Dave Feldman to discuss their groundbreaking study on lean mass hyperresponders - a rare population who develop extremely high LDL cholesterol on ketogenic diets despite being lean, fit, and metabolically healthy. Their recent paper "Plaque Begets Plaque, ApoB Does Not" challenges conventional wisdom by showing that in this unique population, neither LDL cholesterol nor ApoB levels predicted plaque progression over one year of follow-up. Instead, existing plaque was the strongest predictor of future plaque growth. We explore the proposed lipid energy model that may explain why some people's cholesterol skyrockets on keto, discuss the limitations and implications of their findings, and examine what this means for personalized cardiovascular risk assessment. This conversation touches on fundamental questions about causality in medicine, the importance of studying outlier populations, and why a one-size-fits-all approach to cholesterol management may be missing crucial nuances.

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Founder & CEO of Elevated Medical, Dr. Avinish Reddy, joins Matt today on this very special episode to discuss a comprehensive approach to longevity. One core theme presented is the profound interconnectedness of physical, mental, and cognitive well-being, essential for true health optimization. Dr. Reddy emphasizes the striking impact of social connection: isolation can increase early death risk by 50%, comparable to smoking. He believes fostering strong social bonds is a fundamental pillar of healthcare, akin to sleep's importance.The discussion highlights advanced diagnostics and actionable lifestyle strategies. Dr. Reddy advocates for precise cardiovascular risk assessment (apoB) and early metabolic dysfunction detection (fasting insulin/OGTT), with imaging (CT/CIMT) that visualizes arterial health proactively. As you will hear, prevention must begin decades before major health events, utilizing personalized data, and lifestyle is paramount - consistent movement, balanced nutrition, quality sleep, and stress management are vital for reversing conditions and fostering resilience.Please note that Matt is not a medical doctor, and none of the content in this podcast should be considered medical advice in any way, shape, or form, nor prescriptive in any way.As a huge supporter of mission-driven companies, Matt recommends new partner Branch Basics. Their plant- and mineral-based ‘The Concentrate' is tough on kitchen grease yet gentle enough for baby toys, helping you create a toxin-free home. Get 15% off with code MattWalker at branchbasics.com/mattwalker.Craving more energy, better metabolism, and immunity? Discover Pique's Nandaka, a ceremonial cacao superfood blend for calm, sustained energy without the crash. Thanks to this wonderful podcast partner, you can now get 20% off for life at pique.com/mattwalker using code MattWalker.In a supplement industry where trust is critical, Matt uses podcast supporter Puori. Their protein powders are free from hormones, GMOs, and pesticides, with every single batch third-party tested for over 200 contaminants. For protein you can trust, save 20% at puori.com/mattwalker.As always, if you have thoughts or feedback you'd like to share, please reach out to Matt:Matt: Instagram @drmattwalker, X @sleepdiplomat, YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCA3FB1fOtY4Vd8yqLaUvolgConnect with Dr. Avinish Reddy:Elevated Medical: https://elevatedmedical.com/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/avinishreddy/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/avinishreddymd/

ความพยายามเฮือกที่เท่าไหร่ไม่รู้ของพี่เดฟ เฟลแมนวันนี้พี่เตรียมตัวจะกลับบ้าน เปิด YouTube เจอเรื่องจี๊ดใจ พี่นิค นอร์วิซท์ สัมภาษณ์พี่เดฟ เฟลแมน จั่วหัวเรื่อง clickbait มากๆค่ะว่า “High Cholesterol and Plaque Regression? Updates on KETO-CTA with Dave Feldman” ทั้งสองคนนี่พยายามย้าย goalpost ไปจากผลลัพธ์ของการศึกษาเจ้าปัญหา KETO-CTA trial Plaque begets plaque, ApoB does not ซึ่งพบว่า LMHRs Phenotypes 100 คนที่เข้าการศึกษา มีความก้าวหน้าในการเกิด plaque ในอัตราเร่งภายในเวลา 1 ปีที่ติดตาม หลังจากกินไดเอ็ทแบบคีโตมาเฉลี่ย 4.7 ปี พี่เคยทำไลฟ์ไว้ 2 ตอน ว่าการศึกษานี้มันเจ้าปัญหาอย่างไร พี่วางไว้ให้ในคอมเมนท์นะคะการย้ายความสนใจไปที่การพบว่ามี LMHRs บางคนพบ plaque regression นี่ ถ้าเรารู้ไม่เท่าทัน waterfall plot graph จากการศึกษานี้ เราจะหลงเชื่อเอาง่ายๆ ว่ามัน special มากๆ โอ้…นี่ไง คนกลุ่มนี้มีภูมิคุ้มกันต่อการเกิดโรคหลอดเลือดหัวใจ ขนาดระดับ LDL-C สูงมาก ยังเกิด plaque regression ได้….พี่เดฟคะ คุณอาจจะหลอกคนอื่นได้ แต่คุณหลอกดาวไม่ได้ค่ะ

Send us a textDr. Josh Wageman is a Clinical Lipid Specialist with multiple doctoral degrees who formerly practiced in Endocrinology. His PhD work focused on cholesterol disturbances in Alzheimer's Disease, and although he also has a Doctorate in Physical Therapy, he is best known for his role in teaching lipid physiology.He serves as an adjunct professor at several medical programs and his goal is to help you, whoever you are, NOT have heart attacks, strokes, and dementia by explaining complicated biochemical concepts in a relatable way!Employing a smorgasbord of metaphors, pictures, and catchphrases, his latest book The Home Security System and the Lipid Neighborhood serves as a valuable reference for clinicians and non-clinicians alike, bringing refreshing relatability to complex biochemical topics. Through a lipid-lens, you'll learn, laugh, and love your way through its pages…and in the end, you'll undoubtedly add “life to your years!”Dr. Josh Wageman is active in Youth Ministries at Heritage Bible Church in Boise, Idaho, and resides there with his family. He also enjoys Crossfit, basketball, Ultimate Frisbee, and all sports that don't involve skates.Find Dr. Wageman at-Amazon- The Home Security System and the Lipid Neighborhood IG- @wagemanjoshLK- @Josh WagemanFind Boundless Body at- myboundlessbody.com Book a session with us here!

We have the second episode in a series of conversations with Dr. Thomas Dayspring today.  The esteemed Dr. Dayspring is an expert on internal medicine and clinical lipidology. In this episode, we continue with our last conversation, diving into Lp(a) and the influences of gender, race, and menopause. We explain how estrogen is a PCSK9 inhibitor and explore the significance of brain health and risks for dementia. We tackle cholesterol synthesis and discuss the side effects of statins, clarifying who is most susceptible to their impact on the brain. We also examine the significance of the desmosterol biomarker, highlighting the level to aim for, especially when making decisions regarding cholesterol medications, and we answer one question from a listener.  You may want to listen to this insightful conversation with the renowned Dr. Dayspring more than once. He has graciously agreed to return and film additional episodes, where we will dive into more questions from listeners.  IN THIS EPISODE, YOU WILL LEARN: Why Lp(a) is like a wolf in sheep's clothing for many individuals How Lp(a) levels are higher in African Americans and women, especially after menopause  Dr. Dayspring highlights that Lp(a) particles are even more pro-inflammatory than LDL particles How PCSK9 inhibitors are the only drugs that significantly reduce Lp(a) Why do women have a higher risk of dementia than men? Dr. Dayspring explains ApoE as the key lipoprotein for brain cholesterol transport. How statins cross the blood-brain barrier to lower brain cholesterol Why desmosterol levels matter New therapies that can lower ApoB and Lp(a) Why imaging is essential for menopausal women with elevated ApoB and Lp(a) Connect with Cynthia Thurlow   Follow on X, Instagram & LinkedIn Check out Cynthia's website Submit your questions to support@cynthiathurlow.com Connect with Dr. Thomas Dayspring On X (@Drlipid) On LinkedIn Journal Article: Atherosclerosis: Non-genetic influences on lipoprotein(a) concentrations  Journal of the American Heart Association: Trajectories of Blood Lipid Profiles in Midlife Women: Does Menopause Matter?

I am deeply honored to reconnect with Dr. Thomas Dayspring, who joined me in 2024 for an immensely popular five-part series. Dr. Dayspring is certified in internal medicine and clinical lipidology. He is a distinguished fellow of both the American College of Physicians and the National Lipid Association.  Today, we have the first episode in a new series of conversations with Dr. Dayspring, in which he will share more of his perspective and answer more questions from listeners. In our discussion, we review the basics about cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins, exploring the factors that contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, the significance of ApoB and Lp(a), and the risk factors for younger women. We also dive into the limitations of traditional allopathic medicines, and Dr. Dayspring shares his views on lipids, lipid changes in menopause, specific ways to address ApoB, some of the challenges associated with statin therapy, and more.  Dr. Dayspring brings a wealth of experience and expertise to this discussion, and you are sure to find this series as invaluable as the last. IN THIS EPISODE, YOU WILL LEARN: Dr. Dayspring revisits the differences between cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins What atherosclerosis is, and why it is concerning Dr. Dayspring explains the structure and function of lipoproteins The role of ApoB in lipoprotein particles and its significance in atherosclerosis Some of the risk factors for lipid abnormalities in younger women Lipid changes that occur as women transition from perimenopause to menopause  Dr. Dayspring shares his take on statin therapy Ways to address high ApoB Dr. Dayspring's suggested goals for ApoB therapy Connect with Cynthia Thurlow   Follow on ⁠X⁠, ⁠Instagram⁠ & ⁠LinkedIn⁠ Check out Cynthia's ⁠website⁠ Submit your questions to ⁠support@cynthiathurlow.com⁠ Connect with Dr. Thomas Dayspring On⁠ X⁠ (@Drlipid) On⁠ LinkedIn⁠ ⁠Journal Article: Atherosclerosis: Non-genetic influences on lipoprotein(a) concentrations⁠  ⁠Journal of the American Heart Association: Trajectories of Blood Lipid Profiles in Midlife Women: Does Menopause Matter?⁠  

This is a hybrid heart disease risk factor post of a podcast with Prof Bruce Lanphear on lead and a piece I was asked to write for the Washington Post on risk factors for heart disease.First, the podcast. You may have thought the problem with lead exposure was circumscribed to children, but it's a much bigger issue than that. I'll concentrate on the exposure risk to adults in this interview, including the lead-estrogen hypothesis. Bruce has been working on the subject of lead exposure for more than 30 years. Let me emphasize that the problem is not going away, as highlighted in a recent New England Journal of Medicine piece on lead contamination in Milwaukee schools, “The Latest Episode in an Ongoing Toxic Pandemic.”Transcript with links to the audio and citationsEric Topol (00:05):Well, hello. This is Eric Topol with Ground Truths, and I'm very delighted to welcome Professor Bruce Lanphear from Simon Fraser University in British Columbia for a very interesting topic, and that's about lead exposure. We tend to think about lead poisoning with the Flint, Michigan, but there's a lot more to this story. So welcome, Bruce.Bruce Lanphear (00:32):Thank you, Eric. It's great to be here.Eric Topol (00:33):Yeah. So you had a New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) Review in October last year, which was probably a wake up to me, and I'm sure to many others. We'll link to that, where you reviewed the whole topic, the title is called Lead Poisoning. But of course it's not just about a big dose, but rather chronic exposure. So maybe you could give us a bit of an overview of that review that you wrote for NEJM.Bruce Lanphear (01:05):Yeah, so we really focused on the things where we feel like there's a definitive link. Things like lead and diminished IQ in children, lead and coronary heart disease, lead and chronic renal disease. As you mentioned, we've typically thought of lead as sort of the overt lead poisoning where somebody becomes acutely ill. But over the past century what we've learned is that lead is one of those toxic chemicals where it's the chronic wear and tear on our bodies that catches up and it's at the root of many of these chronic diseases that are causing problems today.Eric Topol (01:43):Yeah, it's pretty striking. The one that grabbed me and kind of almost fell out of my chair was that in 2019 when I guess the most recent data there is 5.5 million cardiovascular deaths ascribed to relatively low levels, or I guess there is no safe level of lead exposure, that's really striking. That's a lot of people dying from something that cardiology and medical community is not really aware of. And there's a figure 3 [BELOW] that we will also show in the transcript, where you show the level where you start to see a takeoff. It starts very low and by 50 μg/liter, you're seeing a twofold risk and there's no threshold, it keeps going up. How many of us do you think are exposed to that type of level as adults, Bruce?Bruce Lanphear (02:39):Well, as adults, if we go back in time, all of us. If you go back to the 1970s when lead was still in gasoline, the median blood lead level of Americans was about 13 to 15 µg/dL. So we've all been exposed historically to those levels, and part of the reason we've begun to see a striking decline in coronary heart disease, which peaked in 1968. And by 1978, there was a 20% decline, 190,000 more people were alive than expected. So even in that first decade, there was this striking decline in coronary heart disease. And so, in addition to the prospective studies that have found this link between an increase in lead exposure and death from cardiovascular disease and more specifically coronary heart disease. We can look back in time and see how the decline in leaded gasoline led to a decline in heart disease and hypertension.Eric Topol (03:41):Yeah, but it looks like it's still a problem. And you have a phenomenal graph that's encouraging, where you see this 95% reduction in the lead exposure from the 1970s. And as you said, the factors that can be ascribed to like getting rid of lead from gasoline and others. But what is troubling is that we still have a lot of people that this could be a problem. Now, one of the things that was fascinating is that you get into that herbal supplements could be a risk factor. That we don't do screening, of course, should we do screening? And there's certain people that particularly that you consider at high risk that should get screened. So I wasn't aware, I mean the one type of supplements that you zoomed in on, how do you say it? Ayurvedic?Supplements With LeadBruce Lanphear (04:39):Oh yeah. So this is Ayurvedic medicine and in fact, I just was on a Zoom call three weeks ago with a husband and wife who live in India. The young woman had taken Ayurvedic medicine and because of that, her blood lead levels increased to 70 µg/dL, and several months later she was pregnant, and she was trying to figure out what to do with this. Ayurvedic medicine is not well regulated. And so, that's one of the most important sources when we think about India, for example. And I think you pointed out a really important thing is number one, we don't know that there's any safe level even though blood lead levels in the United States and Europe, for example, have come down by over 95%. The levels that we're exposed to and especially the levels in our bones are 10 to 100 times higher than our pre-industrial ancestors.Bruce Lanphear (05:36):So we haven't yet reached those levels that our ancestors were exposed to. Are there effects at even lower and lower levels? Everything would suggest, we should assume that there is, but we don't know down below, let's say one microgram per deciliter or that's the equivalent of 10 parts per billion of lead and blood. What we also know though is when leaded gasoline was restricted in the United States and Canada and elsewhere, the companies turned to the industrializing countries and started to market it there. And so, we saw first the epidemic of coronary heart disease in the United States, Canada, Europe. Then that's come down over the past 50 years. At the same time, it was rising in low to middle income countries. So today over 95% of the burden of disease from lead including heart disease is found in industrializing countries.Eric Topol (06:34):Right. Now, it's pretty striking, of course. Is it true that airlines fuel is still with lead today?Bruce Lanphear (06:45):Well, not commercial airlines. It's going to be a small single piston aircraft. So for example, when we did a study down around the Santa Clara County Airport, Reid-Hillview, and we can see that the children who live within a half mile of the airport had blood lead levels about 10% higher than children that live further away. And the children who live downwind, 25% higher still. Now, nobody's mapped out the health effects, but one of the things that's particularly troubling about emissions from small aircraft is that the particle size of lead is extraordinarily small, and we know how nanoparticles because they have larger surface area can be more problematic. They also can probably go straight up into the brain or across the pulmonary tissues, and so those small particles we should be particularly worried about. But it's been such a long journey to try to figure out how to get that out of aircraft. It's a problem. The EPA recognized it. They said it's an endangerment, but the industry is still pushing back.Eric Topol (07:55):Yeah, I mean, it's interesting that we still have these problems, and I am going to in a minute ask you what we can do to just eradicate lead as much as possible, but we're not there yet. But one study that seemed to be hard to believe that you cited in the review. A year after a ban leaded fuel in NASCAR races, mortality from coronary heart disease declined significantly in communities near racetracks. Can you talk about that one because it's a little bit like the one you just mentioned with the airports?Bruce Lanphear (08:30):Yeah. Now that study particularly, this was by Alex Hollingsworth, was particularly looking at people over 65. And we're working on a follow-up study that will look at people below 65, but it was quite striking. When NASCAR took lead out of their fuel, he compared the rates of coronary heart disease of people that live nearby compared to a control group populations that live further away. And he did see a pretty striking reduction. One of the things we also want to look at in our follow-up is how quickly does that risk begin to taper off? That's going to be really important in terms of trying to develop a strategy around preventing lead poisoning. How quickly do we expect to see it fall? I think it's probably going to be within 12 to 24 months that we'll see benefits.Eric Topol (09:20):That's interesting because as you show in a really nice graphic in adults, which are the people who would be listening to this podcast. Of course, they ought to be concerned too about children and all and reproductive health. But the point about the skeleton, 95% of the lead is there and the main organs, which we haven't mentioned the kidney and the kidney injury that occurs no less the cardiovascular, the blood pressure elevation. So these are really, and you mentioned not necessarily highlighted in that graphic, but potential cognitive hit as well. You also wrote about how people who have symptoms of abdominal pain, memory impairment, and high blood pressure that's unexplained, maybe they should get a blood level screening. I assume those are easy to get, right?Bruce Lanphear (10:17):Oh yeah, absolutely. You can get those in any hospital, any clinic across the country. We're still struggling with having those available where it's most needed in the industrializing countries, but certainly available here. Now, we don't expect that for most people who have those symptoms, lead poisoning is going to be the cause, right. It'd still be unusual unless you work in an industry, for example, smelting batteries to recycle them. We don't expect it to be real common, and we're not even sure, Eric, whether we should be doing widespread screening. If I looked at this as a population scientist, the real focus should be on identifying the sources. We mostly know where those are here and radically moving it down. Getting rid of the lead service lines, which was such a big part of what President Biden was doing, and it was perfect. For every dollar invested to reduce lead exposure from those lead service lines. Ronnie Levin at Harvard said there'd be a 35-fold return in cost, benefits really, and this has always been true, that reducing lead exposure throughout the past 40 years has always been shown to be amazingly cost beneficial. The problem is operating within a free market health system, even though there's tremendous social benefits, that benefit isn't going to be monetized or privatized. And so, who's going to make those decisions? We hope our government is, but that doesn't always play out.Eric Topol (11:52):Well. What's interesting is, as opposed to the problems we have today that are prominent such as the microplastic, nanoplastics, the air pollution, the forever chemicals, that just keep getting worse, I mean, they are just cumulative. This one, there was tremendous improvement, but it's still not enough. And I guess you're zooming in on the lead lines. That'd be the most important thing to work on today. Another thing that has come up, there's been trials, as you may I'm sure, because all over this field of chelation, there's a trial that was run by the NIH, supported by NH that looked at chelation to prevent coronary disease. Is there any evidence that people who have a problem with lead would benefit from chelation therapy?Bruce Lanphear (12:44):Well, there's two major studies that have been done, and Tony Lamas was in charge of both of them. The first one Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) study, it was a randomized controlled trial, not intended specifically to focus on lead, but rather it was to look at sort of this alternative therapy. They found significant benefits about an 18% reduction in subsequent cardiac events. That led to a second study that was just published last year, and it was focused on people who had diabetes. They saw some benefit, but it wasn't significant. So whether that's because there wasn't enough variability and exposure, it's not entirely clear, but we've seen this with lead in IQ deficits in kids where we can show that we can reduce blood lead levels. But ultimately what tends to happen is once you've taken lead out of the blood, some of it's released again from the bone, but you still have all that lead in the bone that's there. You get some of it out, but you're not going to get the bulk of it out.The Lead-Estrogen HypothesisEric Topol (13:47):Right. It's a reservoir that's hard to reckon with. Yeah. Now another thing, you have a Substack that is called Plagues, Pollution & Poverty, and you wrote a really provocative piece in that earlier and April called How Estrogen Keeps Lead - and Heart Attacks - in Check, and basically you got into the lead estrogen hypothesis.Eric Topol (14:10):Can you enlighten us about that?Bruce Lanphear (14:12):Yeah. A lot of the seminal work in this area was done by Ellen Silbergeld, who's a brilliant and somewhat peculiar toxicologist and Ellen for years, I focused on childhood lead exposure, and for years Ellen would tell me, almost demolish me for not studying adults. And because she had found back in 1988 that as women go into menopause, their blood lead levels spike increased by about 30%, and that's where most of our lead is stored is in our bone. And so, as I was thinking about this, it all became clear because blood lead levels in boys and girls is about the same. It's comparable up until menarche, and then girls young women's blood leads fall by about 20%. And they stay 20% lower throughout the reproductive years until menopause. And especially during those first few years around menopause, perimenopause, you see fairly striking increases in the weakening of the bone and blood lead levels.Bruce Lanphear (15:19):So that might very well help to explain why estrogen is protected, because what happens is throughout the reproductive life, women are losing a little bit of lead every month. And estrogen is at its lowest during that time, and that's going to be when blood lead is at its highest because estrogen pushes lead into the bone. Not only that, women lose lead into the developing fetus when they're pregnant. So what Ellen found is that there was less of a spike around menopause for the women that had three or four pregnancies because they had offloaded that into their babies. So all of this, if you put it together, and this is of course in a very short note of it, you can see that lead increases dyslipidemia, it leads to tears in the endothelium of the arterial wall, it's going to increase thrombosis. All of these things that we think of as the classic atherosclerosis. Well, what estrogen does is the opposite of those. It decreases dyslipidemia, it repairs the arterial endothelial wall. So how much of it is that estrogen is protective, and how much is it that it's moving lead out of the system, making it less biologically available?Eric Topol (16:46):Yeah, I know. It's really interesting. Quite provocative. Should be followed up on, for sure. Just getting to you, you're a physician and epidemiologist, MD MPH, and you have spent your career on this sort of thing, right? I mean, is your middle name lead or what do you work on all the time?Bruce Lanphear (17:09):Yeah, I've been doing this for about 30 years, and one of my mentors, Herb Needleman spent 40 years of his career on it. And in some ways, Eric, it seems to me particularly in these very difficult entrenched problems like lead, we don't have any pharmaceutical company reaching out to us to promote what we do. We've got industry trying to squash what we do.Bruce Lanphear (17:35):It really does take a career to really make a dent in this stuff. And in a way, you can look at my trajectory and it is really following up on what Herb Needleman did and what Clare Patterson did, and that was finding the effects at lower and lower levels. Because what we do with lead and most other toxic chemicals, the ones that don't cause cancer, is we assume that there's a safe level or threshold until we prove otherwise. And yet when you look at the evidence, whether it's about asbestos and mesothelioma, air pollution and cardiovascular mortality, lead and cardiovascular mortality, benzene and leukemia, none of those exhibit a threshold. In some cases, the risks are steepest proportionately at the lowest measurable levels, and that really raises some tremendous challenges, right? Because how are we going to bring air pollution or lead down to zero? But at the same time, it also provides these tremendous opportunities because we know that they're causing disease. We know what the sources are. If we could only bring about the political will to address them, we could prevent a lot of death, disease, and disability. I mean, about 20% of deaths around the world every year are from air pollution, lead, and other toxic chemicals, and yet the amount of money we invest in them is just paltry compared to what we invest in other things. Which is not to pit one against the other, but it's to say we haven't invested enough in these.Eric Topol (19:14):No, absolutely. I think your point, just to make sure that it's clear, is that even at low levels, this is of course where most of the population exposure would be, and that's why that's so incriminating. Now, one of the things I just want to end up with is that we know that these are tiny, tiny particles of lead, and then the question is how they can synergize and find particulate matter of air pollution in the nanoplastic, microplastic story and binding to forever chemicals, PFAS. How do you process all that? Because it's not just a single hit here, it's also the fact that there's ability to have binding to the other environmental toxins that are not going away.Bruce Lanphear (20:10):That's right. And in a way, when we talk about lead playing this tremendous role in the rise and decline of coronary heart disease, we can't entirely separate it out, for example, from air pollution or cigarette smoke for that matter, nor plastic. So for example, with air pollution, if we look at air pollution over the past century, up until the 1980s, even into the 1990s, it was leaded, right? So you couldn't separate them. If you look at cigarette smoke, cigarette tobacco in the 1940s and 1950s was grown in fields where they used lead arsenic as an insecticide. So smokers even today have blood lead levels that are 20% higher than non-smokers, and people who are not smokers but exposed to secondhand smoke have blood lead levels 20% higher than non-smokers who aren't exposed to secondhand smoke. So in a way, we should try to tease apart these differences, but it's going to be really challenging. In a way we can almost think about them as a spectrum of exposures. Now with plastics, you can really think of plastics as a form of pollution because it's not just one thing. There's all these additives, whether it's the PFAS chemicals or lead, which is used as a stabilizer. And so, all of them really are kind of integrated into each other, which again, maybe there's some opportunity there if we really were ready to tackle.Eric Topol (21:40):And interestingly, just yesterday, it was announced by the current administration that they're stopping all the prior efforts on the forever chemicals that were initiated in the water supply. And I mean, if there's one takeaway from our discussion, it's that we have to get all over this and we're not paying enough attention to our environmental exposures. You've really highlighted spotlighted the lead story. And obviously there are others that are, instead of getting somewhat better, they're actually going in the opposite direction. And they're all tied together that's what is so striking here, and they all do many bad things to our bodies. So I don't know how, I'm obviously really interested in promoting healthy aging, and unless we get on this, we're chasing our tails, right?Bruce Lanphear (22:31):Well, I think that's right, Eric. And I was reading the tips that you'd written about in preparation for your book release, and you focused understandably on what each of us can do, how we can modify our own lifestyles. We almost need six tips about what our government should do in order to make it harder for us to become sick, or to encourage those healthy behaviors that you talked about. That's a big part of it as well. One of the things we're celebrating the hundredth anniversary. This is not really something to celebrate, but we are. The hundredth anniversary of the addition of tetraethyl lead to gasoline. And one of the key things about that addition, there was this debate because when it was being manufactured, 80% of the workers at a plant in New Jersey suffered from severe lead poisoning, and five died, and it was enough that New York City, Philadelphia and New Jersey banned tetraethyl lead.Bruce Lanphear (23:31):Then there was this convening by the US Surgeon General to determine whether it was safe to add tetraethyl lead to gasoline. One scientist, Yandell Henderson said, absolutely not. You're going to create a scourge worse than tuberculosis with slow lead poisoning and hardening of your arteries. Robert Kehoe, who represented the industry said, we know lead is toxic, but until you've shown that it's toxic when added to gasoline, you have no right to prohibit us from using it. So that is now known as the Kehoe rule, and it's relevant not only for lead, but for PFAS, for air pollution, for all these other things, because what it set as a precedent, until you've shown that these chemicals or pollution is toxic when used in commerce, you have no right to prohibit industry from using it. And that's the fix we're in.Eric Topol (24:27):Well, it sounds too much like the tobacco story and so many other things that were missed opportunities to promote public health. Now, is Canada doing any better than us on this stuff?Bruce Lanphear (24:40):In some ways, but not in others. And one of the interesting thing is we don't have standards, we have guidelines. And amazingly, the cities generally try to conform to those guidance levels. With water lead, we're down to five parts per billion. The US is sticking around with ten parts per billion, but it's not even really very, it's not enforced very well. So we are doing better in some ways, not so good in other ways. The European Union, generally speaking, is doing much better than North America.Eric Topol (25:15):Yeah, well, it doesn't look very encouraging at the moment, but hopefully someday we'll get there. Bruce, this has been a really fascinating discussion. I think we all should be thankful to you for dedicating your career to a topic that a lot of us are not up on, and you hopefully are getting us all into a state of awareness. And congratulations on that review, which was masterful and keep up the great work. Thank you.Bruce Lanphear (25:42):Thank you, Eric. I appreciate it.________________________________________________My Recommendations for Preventing Heart Disease (Markedly Truncated from Text and Graphics Provided in SUPER AGERS)Recently the Washington Post asked me for a listicle of 10 ways to prevent heart disease. I generally avoid making such lists but many people have de-subscribed to this newspaper, never subscribed, or missed the post, so here it is with links to citations:Guest column by Eric Topol, MDThe buildup of cholesterol and other substances in the wall of our arteries, known as atherosclerosis, is common. It can lead to severe plaques that narrow the artery and limit blood flow, or to a crack in the artery wall that can trigger blood clot formation, resulting in a heart attack.While we've seen some major advances in treating heart disease, it remains the leading killer in the United States, even though about 80 percent of cases are considered preventable. There are evidence-based steps you can take to stave it off. As a cardiologist, here's what I recommend to my patients.1. Do both aerobic and resistance exerciseThis is considered the single most effective medical intervention to protect against atherosclerosis and promote healthy aging. Physical activity lowers inflammation in the body. Evidence has shown that both aerobic and strength training forms of exercise are important. But only 1 in 4 Americans meet the two activity guidelines from the American Heart Association: aerobic exercise of 150 minutes per week of at least moderate physical activity, such as walking, bicycling on level ground, dancing or gardening, and strength training for at least two sessions per week, which typically translates to 60 minutes weekly.The protective benefit of exercise is seen with even relatively low levels of activity, such as around 2,500 steps per day (via sustained physical activity, not starting and stopping), and generally increases proportionately with more activity. It used to be thought that people who exercise only on the weekend — known as “weekend warriors” — put themselves in danger, but recent data shows the benefits of exercise can be derived from weekend-only workouts, too.2. Follow an anti-inflammatory dietA predominantly plant-based diet — high in fiber and rich in vegetables, fruits and whole grains, as seen with the Mediterranean diet — has considerable evidence from large-scale observational and randomized trials for reducing body-wide inflammation and improving cardiovascular outcomes.Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, also form part of a diet that suppresses inflammation. On the other hand, red meat and ultra-processed foods are pro-inflammatory, and you should limit your consumption. High protein intake of more than 1.4 grams per kilogram of body weight per day — around 95 grams for someone who is 150 pounds — has also been linked to promoting inflammation and to atherosclerosis in experimental models. That is particularly related to animal-based proteins and the role of leucine, an essential amino acid that is obtained only by diet.3. Maintain a healthy weightBeing overweight or obese indicates an excess of white adipose tissue. This kind of tissue can increase the risk of heart disease because it stores fat cells, known as adipocytes, which release substances that contribute to inflammation.In studies, we've seen that glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) drugs can reduce inflammation with weight loss, and a significant reduction of heart attacks and strokes among high-risk patients treated for obesity. Lean body weight also helps protect against atrial fibrillation, the most common heart rhythm abnormality.4. Know and avoid metabolic syndrome and prediabetesTied into obesity, in part, is the problem of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Two out of three people with obesity have this syndrome, which is defined as having three out of five features: high fasting blood glucose, high fasting triglycerides, high blood pressure, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and central adiposity (waist circumference of more than 40 inches in men, 35 inches in women).Metabolic syndrome is also present in a high proportion of people without obesity, about 50 million Americans. Prediabetes often overlaps with it. Prediabetes is defined as a hemoglobin A1c (a measure of how much glucose is stuck to your red blood cells) between 5.7 and 6.4 percent, or a fasting glucose between 100 and 125 milligrams per deciliter.Both metabolic syndrome and prediabetes carry an increased risk of heart disease and can be prevented — and countered — by weight loss, exercise and an optimal diet.As the glucagon-like peptide drug family moves to pills and less expense in the future, these medications may prove helpful for reducing risk in people with metabolic syndrome and prediabetes. For those with Type 2 diabetes, the goal is optimizing glucose management and maximal attention to lifestyle factors.5. Keep your blood pressure in a healthy rangeHypertension is an important risk factor for heart disease and is exceptionally common as we age. The optimal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg or lower. But with aging, there is often an elevation of systolic blood pressure to about 130 mm Hg, related to stiffening of arteries. While common, it is still considered elevated.Ideally, everyone should monitor their blood pressure with a home device to make sure they haven't developed hypertension. A mild abnormality of blood pressure will typically improve with lifestyle changes, but more substantial elevations will probably require medications.6. Find out your genetic riskWe now have the means of determining your genetic risk of coronary artery disease with what is known as a polygenic risk score, derived from a gene chip. The term polygenic refers to hundreds of DNA variants in the genome that are linked to risk of heart disease. This is very different from a family history, because we're a product of both our mother's and father's genomes, and the way the DNA variants come together in each of us can vary considerably for combinations of variants.That means you could have high or low risk for heart disease that is different from your familial pattern. People with a high polygenic risk score benefit the most from medications to lower cholesterol, such as statins. A polygenic risk score can be obtained from a number of commercial companies, though it isn't typically covered by insurance.I don't recommend getting a calcium score of your coronary arteries via a computed tomography (CT) scan. This test is overused and often induces overwhelming anxiety in patients with a high calcium score but without symptoms or bona fide risk. If you have symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease, such as chest discomfort with exercise, then a CT angiogram may be helpful to map the coronary arteries. It is much more informative than a calcium score.7. Check your blood lipidsThe main lipid abnormality that requires attention is low-density cholesterol (LDL), which is often high and for people with increased risk of heart disease should certainly be addressed. While lifestyle improvements can help, significant elevation typically requires medications such as a statin; ezetimibe; bempedoic acid; or injectables such as evolocumab (Repatha), alirocumab (Praluent) or inclisiran (Leqvio). The higher the risk, the more aggressive LDL lowering may be considered.It should be noted that the use of potent statins, such as rosuvastatin or atorvastatin, especially at high doses, is linked to inducing glucose intolerance and risk of Type 2 diabetes. While this is not a common side effect, it requires attention since it is often missed from lack of awareness.A low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol often responds to weight loss and exercise. We used to think that high HDL was indicative of “good cholesterol,” but more recent evidence suggests that is not the case and it may reflect increased risk when very high.To get a comprehensive assessment of risk via your blood lipids, it's important to get the apolipoprotein B (apoB) test at least once because about 20 percent of people have normal LDL and a high apoB.Like low HDL, high fasting triglycerides may indicate insulin resistance as part of the metabolic syndrome and will often respond to lifestyle factors.The lipoprotein known as Lp(a) should also be assessed at least once because it indicates risk when elevated. The good news is scientists are on the cusp of finally having medications to lower it, with five different drugs in late-stage clinical trials.8. Reduce exposure to environmental pollutantsIn recent years, we've learned a lot about the substantial pro-inflammatory effects of air pollution, microplastics and forever chemicals, all of which have been linked to a higher risk of heart disease. In one study, microplastics or nanoplastics in the artery wall were found in about 60 percent of more than 300 people. Researchers found a vicious inflammatory response around the plastics, and a four- to fivefold risk of heart attacks or strokes during three years of follow-up.While we need policy changes to address these toxic substances in the environment, risk can be reduced by paying attention to air and water quality using filtration or purification devices, less use of plastic water bottles and plastic storage, and, in general, being much more aware and wary of our pervasive use of plastics.9. Don't smoke This point, it should be well known that cigarette smoking is a potent risk factor for coronary artery disease and should be completely avoided.10. Get Good SleepAlthough we tend to connect sleep health with brain and cognitive function, there's evidence that sleep regularity and quality are associated with less risk of heart disease. Regularity means adhering to a routine schedule as much as possible, and its benefit may be due to our body's preference for maintaining its circadian rhythm. Sleep quality — meaning with fewer interruptions — and maximal deep sleep can be tracked with smartwatches, fitness bands, rings or mattress sensors.Sleep apnea, when breathing stops and starts during sleep, is fairly common and often unsuspected. So if you're having trouble sleeping or you snore loudly, talk to your doctor about ruling out the condition. Testing for sleep apnea can involve checking for good oxygen saturation throughout one's sleep. That can be done through a sleep study or at home using rings or smartwatches that include oxygen saturation in their sensors and body movement algorithms that pick up disturbed breathing.Eric Topol, MD, is a cardiologist, professor and executive vice president of Scripps Research in San Diego. He is the author of “Super Agers: An Evidence-Based Approach to Longevity” and the author of Ground Truths on Substack.*********************°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°Thanks to many of you Ground Truths subscribers who helped put SUPER AGERS on the NYT bestseller list for 4 weeks.Here are 2 recent, informative, and fun conversations I had on the topicMichael Shermer, The SkepticRuss Roberts, EconTalk I'm also very appreciative for your reading and subscribing to Ground Truths.If you found this interesting PLEASE share it!That makes the work involved in putting these together especially worthwhile.All content on Ground Truths—its newsletters, analyses, and podcasts, are free, open-access.Paid subscriptions are voluntary and all proceeds from them go to support Scripps Research. They do allow for posting comments and questions, which I do my best to respond to. Please don't hesitate to post comments and give me feedback. Let me know topics that you would like to see covered.Many thanks to those who have contributed—they have greatly helped fund our summer internship programs for the past three years. Just a week ago we just had nearly 50 interns (high school, college and medical students) present posters of the work they did over the summer and it was exhilarating! Some photos below Get full access to Ground Truths at erictopol.substack.com/subscribe

Discover the connection between muscle mass, lipids, and cardiovascular health with Dr. Richie Kirwan!

Send us a textOverview and alternative interpretation to the mainstream view on how dietary fat and cholesterol relate to cardiovascular disease.Episode Summary: Tucker Goodrich is an engineer by training who has become a prominent independent researcher and blogger on nutrition and metabolic health, focusing on the harms of seed oils and polyunsaturated fats.About the guest: Nick Jikomes and Tucker Goodrich explore atherosclerosis and heart disease, critiquing the standard model that blames high LDL cholesterol while highlighting how oxidized LDL—driven by dietary linoleic acid from seed oils—plays a key role in plaque formation and inflammation; they discuss historical shifts in heart disease rates, genetic factors like familial hypercholesterolemia, the limitations of animal studies, and why reducing seed oil intake could prevent issues more effectively than just lowering cholesterol.Discussion Points:Atherosclerosis involves plaque buildup in arteries, often leading to heart attacks, but plaques contain oxidized fats and cholesterol, not just native cholesterol.Dietary cholesterol has little impact on blood levels or heart disease in humans, unlike in rabbits used in many studies.High LDL may not be inherently bad; oxidized LDL from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) like linoleic acid causes macrophages to overeat and form harmful foam cells.Familial hypercholesterolemia patients only show higher heart disease rates in modern, industrial diets high in seed oils, not historically.Populations like the Kitavans and Tsimané have high apoB but no heart disease on traditional diets low in industrial foods.Fried foods are oxidized seed oils, explaining why they're unhealthy despite omega-6 fats being labeled "heart-healthy."Omega-3 fats can displace omega-6 in cells, reducing oxidation risk.Reference Papers:Witztum & Steinberg (1991)Boren et al. (2022)Related episode:Support the showAffiliates: Seed Oil Scout: Find restaurants with seed oil-free options, scan food products to see what they're hiding, with this easy-to-use mobile app. AquaTru: Reverse osmosis water filters. Remove metals, microbes, endocrine disruptors and toxins from drinking water. $100 off AquaTru filters through link. KetoCitra—Ketone body BHB + electrolytes formulated for kidney health. Use code MIND20 for 20% off any subscription (cancel anytime) Lumen device to optimize your metabolism for weight loss or athletic performance. Code MIND for 10% off SiPhox Health—Affordable at-home blood testing. Key health markers, visualized & explained. Code TRIKOMES for a 20% discount. MASA Chips—delicious tortilla chips made from organic corn & grass-fed beef tallow. No seed oils or artificial ingredients. Code MIND for 20% off For all the ways you can support my efforts

Send us a textWe often hear about heart disease prevention, but stroke—a condition nearly as common and often more disabling—gets far less attention. In this episode, Dr. Bobby is joined by cardiologist Dr. Anthony Pearson to uncover what science really says about stroke prevention, the distinct types of strokes, and what practical steps you can take today to lower your risk.Together, they explore the two major types of stroke—ischemic and hemorrhagic—and explain why strokes caused by clots or vessel rupture can have very different causes and consequences. The data shows nearly 800,000 Americans experience strokes annually, and about half of survivors live with long-term disability (CDC; NIH). Yet most of us are unaware of the modifiable risk factors that account for up to 90% of stroke risk (INTERSTROKE Study).Dr. Pearson emphasizes the number one culprit: high blood pressure. It triples individual risk and contributes to half of all strokes, with randomized trials like SPRINT showing that aggressive control reduces both stroke and mortality (SPRINT Study). Both doctors also discuss physical activity—while Dr. Bobby cites strong associations between exercise and reduced stroke risk (BMJ Review), Dr. Pearson cautions that current evidence is largely observational and inconclusive.They also explore the role of lipid levels, citing that high ApoB or LDL may increase risk in strokes caused by carotid atherosclerosis, but not necessarily in cardioembolic strokes. Dietary improvements, particularly following a Mediterranean-style diet, have shown benefits, including reduced stroke risk in randomized trials like PREDIMED.Beyond traditional risk factors, they also explore loneliness as a newer area of concern. A recent study linked persistent loneliness in adults over 50 to a 50% increased stroke risk (Lancet eClinicalMedicine), highlighting the complex social and behavioral factors at play.Dr. Pearson discusses atrial fibrillation (AFib) and why it's a key cause of cardioembolic strokes—especially relevant given that wearables like Apple Watch now help detect AFib early. They also touch on controversial screening approaches, warning against routine carotid ultrasounds and unwarranted treatment of asymptomatic brain aneurysms.Importantly, Dr. Bobby highlights the signs of stroke—sudden weakness, numbness, speech difficulties, or confusion—and urges immediate ER visits to enable timely treatment like thrombolysis, ideally within four hours of symptom onset.As always, they wrap by challenging popular myths. Dr. Pearson explains why aspirin, once widely promoted for primary prevention, is no longer recommended due to increased bleeding risk, especially into the brain. He also debunks the idea that supplements like fish oil or B vitamins help prevent strokes, noting no benefit in recent large trials.Takeaways:Know your blood pressure and cholesterol levels—and treat them if needed. These remain the top modifiable risks for stroke.Prioritize physical activity, even if trial data is imperfect—it benefits vascular health broadly and may reduce stroke risk.Stay socially connected: chronic loneliness has emerging links to stroke risk, highlighting that prevention isn't just physical—it's relational.To continue learning how to live long and well, visit drbobbylivelongandwell.com.

Welcome back to our weekend Cabral HouseCall shows! This is where we answer our community's wellness, weight loss, and anti-aging questions to help people get back on track! Check out today's questions:    Trish: Hi Dr. Cabral - I'm a 55-year-old female working on lowering overall inflammation in my body. My CRP levels are (4.1), ApoB (118 nmol/L and Lipoprotein (A) (281 nmol/L) as you can see are high. Total Cholesterol 221 and Triglycerides are 70. I have a lot of stiffness with joint discomfort. I started taking 2 Proteolytic Enzymes upon waking. Then your DNS, D3/k2, Cell Boost, Inflamma Soothe, Collagen with GLP Tone System and some of your other products (eye and hair). I follow your Med diet. My pain and stiffness have improved ALOT in a matter of days. I'm going to retest my CRP and chol levels in 4 months. My question is how long can I take Proteolytic Enzymes and in your opinion am I taking the proper protocol for these issues? I'm retesting in 4 mos. Thank you in advance          Sheena: Hi Dr Cabral! Hope you and all of your health family are well. I'm a surgical Processor and on my feet all day. I've tried all kinds of compression socks but by the end of the day, after taking it off, my leg are soo itchy! I scratch it sometimes so bad it starts to bleed. I'm only wearing the average 15-20 mmHG so its not too tight. I'm curious if you have a recommendation for compression socks that wont causes itching but is effective? Thanks in advance for answering!      Christina: Stephen, I have listened on one of your podcasts about Rheumatoid Arthritis and detoxing. My mother is in her early 70s and her fingers are twisting. I am 48 and recently the base of my thumbs have started bothering me. My question is, what detox protocol should my mother start with to prevent further twisting of her fingers and what detox protocol should I do to prevent this from happening to me? I would love to do the heavy metals and organic acid tests, but unfortunately I live in NY. Would my functional medicine doctor be able to order them for me? I have had HELLP, HUS, DIC, Guillian Barre, and Pulminary Edema in my pregnancy at 21. My son was delivered with no issues! At this time, we learned that I have ITTP. I have had IBS issues. Thank you, Christina                      Ryan: Hi dr cabral, Im a 29 year old male who has addisons disease, chronic post nasal drip, food intolerance's and teeth grinding a stool test confirmed klebsiella pneumonie overgrowth and blastocystis hominis as well as some yeast and fungus with no Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus detected, I recently started the cbo protocol with citricidal drops im 7 days in untill i came across one of your videos where you mentioned you should go for the parasite first should i stop the cbo protocol and start the para support protocol and then continue the cbo after or just continue the cbo protocol Thank you for your time wishing you all the best ryan.                                                                                                                                     Kay: Hi Dr. Cabral, I I love your podcasts and look forward to them every week. Anyway, I was wondering if you could please explain how a traumatic event could spur the onset of a "dis-ease" such as asthma. My daughter's asthma began shortly after her father and I were separated and he moved out of state. According to her pediatrician at the time, she was "more prone to having asthma because she also had eczema." This was 2 decades ago, and now she's 31 and we know more about autoimmune issues. Although she continues to carry an inhaler with her, she hardly needs to use it anymore. What would you recommend for a more root cause approach to someone with her condition? Thank you.                                  Thank you for tuning into today's Cabral HouseCall and be sure to check back tomorrow where we answer more of our community's questions!    - - - Show Notes and Resources: StephenCabral.com/3466 - - - Get a FREE Copy of Dr. Cabral's Book: The Rain Barrel Effect - - - Join the Community & Get Your Questions Answered: CabralSupportGroup.com - - - Dr. Cabral's Most Popular At-Home Lab Tests: > Complete Minerals & Metals Test (Test for mineral imbalances & heavy metal toxicity) - - - > Complete Candida, Metabolic & Vitamins Test (Test for 75 biomarkers including yeast & bacterial gut overgrowth, as well as vitamin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Mood & Metabolism Test (Discover your complete thyroid, adrenal, hormone, vitamin D & insulin levels) - - - > Complete Food Sensitivity Test (Find out your hidden food sensitivities) - - - > Complete Omega-3 & Inflammation Test (Discover your levels of inflammation related to your omega-6 to omega-3 levels) - - - Get Your Question Answered On An Upcoming HouseCall: StephenCabral.com/askcabral - - - Would You Take 30 Seconds To Rate & Review The Cabral Concept? 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Send us a textMost people say they want to live longer. Fewer stop to ask: what does “longer” actually feel like?In this follow-up to last week's conversation, Dr. Matt Kaeberlein sits down again with Dr. Nicki Byrne and Dr. Kevin White — this time for an especially detailed, behind-the-scenes deep dive into the blood work and biomarkers that actually matter for health span.If you've ever wanted to understand labs like ApoB, LP(a), fasting insulin, ferritin, hormone panels, or genetic testing — and how to interpret them like a longevity doc — this one's for you. The team walks through what they measure, what it means, and how they guide real-world decisions using data most doctors never mention.Whether you're a patient, a clinician, or just tired of biohacking buzzwords, this episode is packed with nuance, context, and clarity — so you can finally make sense of what your labs are telling you (and what to do next).

ApoB directly measures the number of atherogenic particles in your blood—and may be the strongest single predictor of cardiovascular risk. Here's why it matters and how to lower it.Author: The Levels TeamLink to article: https://www.levels.com/blog/quick-guide-to-apobBecome a Levels Member – ⁠⁠http://levels.link/insights⁠⁠Learn about Metabolic Health – ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠levelshealth.com/blog⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow Levels on Social – @Levels on ⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠Twitter

The idea that saturated fat might be harmful to our health has sparked controversy for decades. In recent years, counter-narratives have surged: suggesting that concerns over saturated fat were overblown, that LDL cholesterol doesn't matter, or that the original diet-heart hypothesis has been debunked. These claims have become especially popular in online wellness spaces and certain dietary communities, often wrapped in compelling but misleading rhetoric. So what does the best available evidence actually say? And how should we think about saturated fat, LDL cholesterol, and cardiovascular risk in the current day? In this wide-ranging interview, originally recorded for the Chasing Clarity podcast, Alan and Danny explore the scientific consensus around saturated fat's impact on blood lipids, why LDL and apoB are central to atherosclerotic disease, and how dietary patterns can meaningfully reduce risk. Importantly, they also address some of the most persistent myths and half-truths that fuel confusion, from flawed interpretations of the Seven Countries Study to misrepresentations of newer meta-analyses. Timestamps [03:41] How do we know saturated fat impacts LDL-C? [05:28] Metabolic ward studies and key findings [11:13] The Keys equation and subsequent research [17:17] Epidemiology and long-term studies [31:48] The Seven Countries Study [44:25] Understanding the impact of saturated fat on blood lipids [47:23] Historical and research perspectives on saturated fat [50:43] Practical dietary strategies for improving blood lipids [53:48] The Portfolio Diet and other dietary interventions [58:07] The role of pharmacology in managing blood lipids [01:00:58] Addressing misconceptions and common claims [01:13:57] Key ideas segment (premium-only) Related Resources Subscribe to Sigma Nutrition Premium Join the Sigma email newsletter for free Enroll in the next cohort of our Applied Nutrition Literacy course Alan Flanagan's Alinea Nutrition Education Hub Related episodes to add to your podcast queue: 532, 525, 515, 493, 481, 439  

If you care about living longer and better—this episode is for you. Today, we're breaking down the 10 most important health metrics every person should be tracking for longevity, backed by research that ties each one to actual lifespan. No fluff—just the hard-hitting stuff that helps you live longer, move better, and feel more like yourself for years to come. Covering resting heart rate, grip strength, mental health, daily steps, VO₂ max, sleep quality, fiber, blood pressure, waist-to-height ratio, and metabolic labs like HbA1c & ApoB plus: how to track them, what your numbers should be, and realistic ways to improve them—without obsessing over every number on a spreadsheet.This is the kind of episode you'll want to save and come back to. Because your future self will thank you.⁠⁠⁠⁠Sign up for Fitness Stuff PREMIUM here!!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Access to 10+ complete training programsbonus episodes weeklyJust $5 /month⁠⁠⁠⁠Legion Athletics⁠⁠⁠⁠BOGO 50% off for your first order + 2X points on every order after thatuse code “FSPOD” at checkoutTimestamps:(03:00) Resting Heart Rate(06:53) Strength Tests(15:40) Flourishing Scale(18:58) Daily Step Count(26:45) Blood Pressure(35:11) Waist:Height Ratio(39:34) Sleep Quality(42:23) Fiber Intake(53:32) VO2 Max(59:20) HbA1C & Apo B

What if your body had built-in tools to regenerate itself but you've been looking in the wrong places? Dr. Khoshal Latifzai reveals overlooked therapies like peptides, shockwave, stem cells, & ketamine that go beyond symptom masking. He explains how athletes & longevity seekers use diagnostics, fasting, & advanced biologics to stay ahead of aging & feel better, faster. Meet our guest Dr. Khoshal Latifzai is a Yale-trained, board-certified emergency physician who founded Rocky Mountain Regenerative Medicine to focus on prevention, longevity & performance. Inspired by his humanitarian work & experience in critical care, he blends advanced biologics, hormone optimization & regenerative therapies to treat pain, enhance vitality & extend healthspan. His personalized approach serves athletes, executives & anyone seeking to thrive at every stage of life. Thank you to our partners Outliyr Biohacker's Peak Performance Shop: get exclusive discounts on cutting-edge health, wellness, & performance gear Ultimate Health Optimization Deals: a database of of all the current best biohacking deals on technology, supplements, systems and more Latest Summits, Conferences, Masterclasses, and Health Optimization Events: join me at the top events around the world FREE Outliyr Nootropics Mini-Course: gain mental clarity, energy, motivation, and focus Key takeaways Track biomarkers regularly through frequent, detailed bloodwork to personalize health strategies & catch negative effects early Cycle medications & supplements like peptides & metformin to prevent tolerance & maintain effectiveness Personalize metformin use since benefits, dosing & side effects vary Use low-dose rapamycin for potential longevity benefits, monitoring closely with regular biomarker testing Go beyond standard panels by checking ApoB, Lp(a) & homocysteine for better insight into cardiovascular risk Question outlier biomarkers like A1C by considering factors such as red blood cell lifespan before making assumptions Use ketamine therapy under supervision to address depression & anxiety when conventional treatments fall short Trigger targeted repair in joints or tissues using shockwave therapy to activate local stem cell healing Bank stem cells early while they're younger & more effective to improve outcomes for future injuries or illnesses Support stem cell health with regular fasting, exercise & optimized metabolic function to maintain potency with age Episode Highlights 09:39 Metformin & Rapamycin for Longevity 16:53 Underrated Biomarkers & Diagnostics 24:23 Ketamine Therapy for Brain Remodelling 45:30 Shockwave & Stem Cell Therapy Deep Dive   Links Watch it on YouTube: https://youtu.be/UbA4DzzNqN0  Full episode show notes: outliyr.com/214 Connect with Nick on social media Instagram Twitter (X) YouTube LinkedIn Easy ways to support Subscribe Leave an Apple Podcast review Suggest a guest Do you have questions, thoughts, or feedback for us? Let me know in the show notes above and one of us will get back to you! Be an Outliyr, Nick

Too much of this protein in your blood is a clear indicator of increased cardiovascular risk. Here's the science on how to lower levels for better health.Author: Stephanie EckelkampLink to article: https://www.levels.com/blog/how-to-reduce-apobBecome a Levels Member – ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://levels.link/insights⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Learn about Metabolic Health – ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠levelshealth.com/blog⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow Levels on Social – @Levels on ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and Twitter

Despite being the leading cause of death, heart disease often receives less urgent attention than cancer. This episode delves into an integrative cardiology approach, exploring advanced diagnostics, personalized lifestyle interventions, and innovative therapies that are revolutionizing heart health and longevity.Today on the Vibrant Wellness podcast, hosts Dr. Emmie Brown, ND, and Melissa Gentile, INHC, welcome Dr. Giovanni Campanile, a Harvard-trained cardiologist and pioneer in integrative cardiology. Dr. Campanile, a "reformed interventional cardiologist," discusses his shift from traditional interventions to a practice focused on the prevention and reversal of heart disease by addressing underlying causes.Their conversation highlights the limitations of conventional risk factors and introduces "non-traditional" factors such as hormones, diet, exercise, and environmental toxins. Dr. Campanile stresses the importance of personalized lifestyle modifications, including varied exercise routines and a sensible, plant-rich Mediterranean-style diet. He also explains how the use of innovative diagnostic tools like CT coronary calcium scores and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) with AI-powered plaque analysis is crucial for precise risk assessment and monitoring disease progression. The episode also touches on AI EKGs for predicting biological age and arrhythmia risk, and explores the benefits of functional medicine modalities like hyperbaric oxygen therapy, sauna, cryotherapy, and photobiomodulation for enhancing vascular health and promoting vibrant wellness.Key Takeaways from Today's Episode:

So, your cholesterol is high? The big question my guest today is asking is - does it even matter? Why this does matter so much is because Dave Feldman and his network of researchers are asking a fundamentally new question about cholesterol and lipids, and whether they are in fact energy adaptogens, responsible for trafficking energy under the right conditions around the body and not predictable of cardiovascular disease. Because if Oreos can lower your “bad” cholesterol as much as a statin, medicine may not actually understand “bad” cholesterol or even cholesterol overall.Dave Feldman, a senior software engineer and entrepreneur. Drawing on his engineering background, he recognized parallels between the lipid system and distributed objects in networks, prompting him to delve deeply into the subject through extensive research and personal experimentation. He is also the creator and producer of his new film The Cholesterol Code, coming up in the fall of 2025: https://cholesterolcodemovie.comJoin us as we explore:A completely contrary and potentially revolutionary lens for understanding cholesterol levels, lipids as an energy model and what actually drives cardiovascular disease.Why the “saturation hypothesis” is asking new questions about the relevance of apolipoprotein b.The lean mass hyper responder - who they are, how to identify them, what it is, why it matters and how Nick Norwitz used Oreos to lower his LDL better than pharmaceutical statins.The most important biometric data points aside from cholesterol that signals cardiovascular health risk.Contact: Website: https://cholesterolcode.comMention: Person - Nick Norwitz, @nicknorwitzPhD Study - Plaque Begets Plaque, ApoB Does Not: Longitudinal Data From the KETO-CTA Trial. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40192608/Study - Oreo cookies, Norwitz NG, Cromwell WC. Oreo Cookie Treatment Lowers LDL Cholesterol: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38276308/Study - Danish study: Association of Coronary Plaque With Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Rates of Cardiovascular Disease Events Among Symptomatic Adults. https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/199250545/Open_Access_Version.pdfProduct - CLEERLY, https://cleerlyhealth.comPerson - Matthew Budoff, https://lundquist.org/matthew-budoff-md Support the showFollow Steve's socials: Instagram | LinkedIn | YouTube | Facebook | Twitter | TikTokSupport the show on Patreon:As much as we love doing it, there are costs involved and any contribution will allow us to keep going and keep finding the best guests in the world to share their health expertise with you. I'd be grateful and feel so blessed by your support: https://www.patreon.com/MadeToThriveShowSend me a WhatsApp to +27 64 871 0308. Disclaimer: Please see the link for our disclaimer policy for all of our content: https://madetothrive.co.za/terms-and-conditions-and-privacy-policy/

In todays episode, I had the incredible honour to have Simon Hill back on the podcast and honestly, this chat was exactly what we all needed to hear. Simon breaks down the science better than anyone I know to debunk myths and bring you informed, easy to digest information to cut through alll of the confusion out there! If you've been wondering if butter and coconut oil are heart-healthy or harmful, this episode is for you as  Simon and I delve into the latest research on fats, cholesterol and the truths behind popular diet trends. I get asked about this daily!   We chat all about: The real science behind what cholesterol actually does in your body Why getting an ApoB test is SO much better than your standard cholesterol test The genetic lottery - why some people can eat eggs daily and be totally fine whilst others can't How different saturated fats affect your body differently (butter vs yoghurt vs coconut oil) Why fibre is cholesterol's best friend How to make tweaks to a lower carb lifestyle if you're worried about cholesterol - without dramatic overhauls Why you absolutely don't need to cut butter or coconut oil out completely The truth behind 'refueling with carbs' after a workout   The biggest takeaway? Know YOUR body, and remember that small tweaks often work better than dramatic changes!   About Simon Hill: Simon Hill, a physiotherapist and nutrition scientist, is dedicated to making health and nutrition information easier to understand. His early career focused on the physiology and anatomy behind athletic performance, but his father's heart attack inspired him to explore how nutrition can prevent disease and optimise health. This led him to complete a Master of Science in Human Nutrition at Deakin University. Simon hosts The Proof podcast, where he interviews experts to translate research into practical advice, and he authored the bestselling book The Proof is in the Plants, advocating for a plant-rich diet grounded in science. With over 40 million podcast listens and ongoing involvement in research connecting nutrition and mental health, Simon now also runs immersive longevity experiences to empower people to live healthier, longer lives. LINKS: Listen to my previous episode with Dr. B (Leading Gastroenterologist) on gut health & sleep (episode 179): Click HERE Follow Simon on Instagram: @simonhill Follow Simons podcast on Instagram, The Proof: Click HERE Subscribe to Simons podcast on YouTube: Click HERE Visit Simon's website: Click HERE Click HERE to shop 38TERA supplement (Code BEC for 10% off)  Download my FREE eBook with 4 15 minute meals: Click here Start your weight loss, gut healing and anti-inflammatory journey now with my 3 Week Body Reset Continue your journey and figuring out YOUR own balance in the Health with Bec Tribe Follow me on instagram: @health_with_bec Visit my website: Click HERE  

Story at-a-glance Cholesterol is essential for hormone production, brain function, and cell health, and about 80% of it is made by your body — not consumed in food. High triglycerides, not total cholesterol, pose a stronger risk for heart attack — raising risk by 80% — making triglyceride-to-HDL ratio a better heart disease predictor Newer science shows chronic inflammation — not LDL alone — may be the real cause of plaque buildup in arteries, shifting focus to markers like ApoB and CRP Natural options like garlic, artichoke, bergamot, plant sterols, green tea, and oats have been shown in clinical studies to lower LDL cholesterol and improve heart markers Red yeast rice can lower LDL by up to 33%, but it contains a statin-like compound with the same side effects and potential kidney toxins like citrinin Lifestyle changes like cutting sugar, walking daily, and sleeping well can activate the Pareto Principle — where 20% of effort yields 80% of results in lowering cholesterol. Exercise improves five key metabolic biomarkers — glucose, HDL, triglycerides, blood pressure, and waist size — each linked to long-term cardiovascular health

Dr. Martin answers questions sent in by our listeners. Some of today's topics include: Chronic mucus in the throat ApoB & heart disease risk Treatment for rosacea Atherosclerosis & leg-strengthening exercises Polyps Dark rings around the eyes  

Nessa live, eu conversei com médico cardiologista Dr. Ricardo Ferreira (@ricardoferreira_cardio).Conversamos sobre hiperrespondedores e sobre a relação entre colesterol e doenças cardiovasculares. Abordamos a polêmica em torno do estudo Keto-CTA, sobre o uso de carboidratos para baixar o colesterol e sobre medicamentos. Por fim, a importância da ApoB no risco cardiovascular.

Send us a textGil Carvalho, MD is a physician, research scientist, science communicator, speaker and writer. Dr. Carvalho trained as a medical doctor in the University of Lisbon, in his native Portugal, and later obtained a PhD in Biology from Caltech. He has published peer-reviewed medical research spanning the fields of genetics, molecular biology, nutrition, behavior, aging and neuroscience.In parallel with his research career, Dr. Carvalho also has a passion for science communication. He directs and hosts Nutrition Made Simple, which aims to convey fundamental nutrition concepts to a general audience via educational videos, and his content is watched by over half a million people monthly.Dr. Carvalho's research contributions at Caltech, where he trained with pioneer geneticist Seymour Benzer, included the identification of genetic and nutritional mechanisms of longevity. Dr. Carvalho also pursued research, with neuroscientist Antonio Damasio, on mechanisms of neural signal transmission in the sensory system and the neural basis of enteroception and feeling.Find Dr. Carvalho at-YT- @NutritionMadeSimpleTW- @NutritionMadeS3Plaque Begets Plaque, ApoB Does Not: Longitudinal Data From the KETO-CTA Trial- JACC Journal April 7, 2025Keto Cholesterol study SHOCKS scientific community | LMHRs & heart disease from the Nutrition Made Simple YouTube ChannelDiscussing Keto-CTA with Darius Sharpe with Dave Feldman and Darius SharpeFind Boundless Body at- myboundlessbody.com Book a session with us here!

Welcome to my podcast. I am Doctor Warrick Bishop, and I want to help you to live as well as possible for as long as possible. I'm a practising cardiologist, best-selling author, keynote speaker, and the creator of The Healthy Heart Network. I have over 20 years as a specialist cardiologist and a private practice of over 10,000 patients. In this podcast, Dr. Warrick Bishop, a cardiologist and CEO of the Healthy Heart Network, discusses the complexities of HDL cholesterol, often referred to as "good" cholesterol. He explains the roles of different types of cholesterol, specifically Apo B proteins associated with LDL cholesterol, which contribute to plaque formation and cardiovascular risk. While HDL is involved in transporting cholesterol back to the liver, its protective role is more complicated than previously thought.

Welcome to The Superhumanize Podcast.I'm your host, Ariane Sommer and today, we're not just talking about heart health…We're decoding it.My guest is Dr. Ronald Krauss, one of the most influential voices in cardiovascular research today. A professor of medicine at UCSF and a pioneer in lipidology, Dr. Krauss has reshaped how we understand cholesterol, inflammation, and the subtle particles that move through our blood and, often, determine our fate.In this conversation, we go far beyond the standard cholesterol panel.We explore the deeper nuances like the size and density of LDL particles, the overlooked power of ApoB and Lp(a), and how refined carbohydrates, not saturated fats, may play a much larger role in cardiovascular risk than we've been led to believe.We also enter emerging frontiers:How the gut microbiome shapes the heart, how our genes can guide more precise therapies, and how personalized nutrition may become one of the most powerful tools for prevention in the years to come.This episode is not just for the curious, it's for those who sense there's more to the story of heart disease than numbers on a lab report.It's for those who believe science can be both evidence-based and visionary.And for those of us who know the body carries not just risk, but memory, intelligence, and code.Episode highlights:Why small, dense LDL particles are more dangerous than large onesThe role of ApoB and Lp(a) as underused but powerful heart health indicatorsHow metabolic syndrome and inflammation interconnect with lipid disordersThe surprising truth about saturated fat vs. refined carbsThe promise (and limitations) of personalized nutrition and genomicsHow physical activity and gut health shape lipid metabolismNew frontiers in the fight against dementia linked to cardiovascular functionResources mentioned:Dr. Krauss' Wikipedia page:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Krauss_(medical_researcher)Dr. Krauss' professional profiles:https://profiles.ucsf.edu/ronald.krausshttps://amecenter.ucsf.edu/people/ronald-krauss-md

My guest is Dr. Mark Hyman, M.D., a physician and world leader in the field of functional medicine. We discuss a systems-based framework for diagnosing and treating the root causes of disease, rather than simply managing symptoms. We also cover cutting-edge health and longevity tools such as peptides, NAD/NMN, exosomes, proactive blood testing and cancer screening, as well as nutrition, supplementation, detoxification, and strategies for addressing specific diseases and health challenges. This discussion will benefit anyone seeking to improve their vitality or combat specific health concerns. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Joovv: https://joovv.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman ROKA: https://roka.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Mark Hyman 00:01:48 Functional Medicine, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Mercury; Systems Medicine 00:08:51 Metabolic Psychiatry; Medicine, Creating Health vs Treating Disease 00:12:19 Sponsors: Joovv & Eight Sleep 00:15:06 Wholistic View of Body, Root Causes 00:19:48 Medicine & Research; “Exposome”, Impediments & Ingredients for Health, Whole Foods 00:26:30 Seed Oils, Starch & Sugar, Ultra-Processed Foods; Obesity Rise 00:36:27 Sponsors: Function & ROKA 00:40:05 Tool: Ingredients for Health, Personalization; Multimodal Approach 00:46:25 Essential Supplements, Omega-3s, Vitamin D3, Multivitamin, Iodine, Methylated B12 00:56:54 Supplements & Traditional Medicine; Limited Budget & Nutrition 01:02:54 Air, Tool: Air Filters; Tap Water Filter; Tool: Health, Expense & Whole Foods 01:09:03 Food Industrialization, Processed Foods 01:14:23 Sponsor: AG1 01:16:18 Declining American Health & Nutrition, Politics, MAHA 01:26:03 Toxins, Food Additives, Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) 01:29:25 SNAP Program & Soda, Food Industry & Lobbying 01:36:58 Big Food, Company Consolidation, Nutrition Labels 01:44:21 GLP-1 Agonists, Doses, Risks; Food as Medicine, Ketogenic Diet 01:51:29 Cancer, Diets & Alcohol 01:54:03 Blood Markers, ApoB, Cholesterol, Tool: Test Don't Guess, Individualization 02:02:54 Mercury; Tool: Detoxification, Sulforaphane, N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) 02:04:56 Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Fertility, Tool: Hormone Panels; Heavy Metals 02:11:36 Upregulate Detox Pathways, Gut Cleanse, Tools: Cilantro Juice, Fiber 02:17:08 Peptides, PT-141 (Vyleesi), BPC-157, Thymosin Alpha-1; Risks, Cycling 02:22:03 Cancer Screening, Data & Personalized Health; Alzheimer's Disease 02:30:45 Longevity Switches, NAD, NMN; Exosomes, Stem Cells 02:39:50 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer & Disclosures

What if everything you thought you knew about cholesterol, fat, and metabolic health was up for debate? As someone interested in nutrition research, I'm always up for exploring differing points of view especially when they come from a rigorous scientific background and can speak to the evidence base. So in this episode, I sit down with Dr Nick Norwitz PhD, to challenge some of my long held positions in nutrition science and break down keto.He's a researcher and expert in ketogenic diets, lipid metabolism, and metabolic health as well as a current medical student at Harvard Medical school.We discuss:

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content Sign Up to Receive Peter's Weekly Newsletter Tom Dayspring is a world-renowned expert in clinical lipidology and a previous guest on The Drive. In this episode, Tom explores the foundations of atherosclerosis and why atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide for both men and women. He examines how the disease develops from a pathological perspective and discusses key risk factors, including often-overlooked contributors such as insulin resistance and chronic kidney disease. He breaks down the complexities of cholesterol and lipoproteins—including LDL, VLDL, IDL, and HDL—with an in-depth discussion on the critical role of apolipoprotein B (apoB) in the development of atherosclerosis. Additionally, he covers the importance of testing various biomarkers, the impact of nutrition on lipid levels, and the vital role of cholesterol in brain health, including how cholesterol is synthesized and managed in the brain, how it differs from cholesterol regulation in the rest of the body, and how pharmacological interventions can influence brain cholesterol metabolism. We discuss: Defining atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD): development, risks, and physiological impact [2:45]; The pathogenesis of ASCVD: the silent development over decades, and the importance of early detection for prevention of adverse outcomes [10:45]; Risk factors versus risk markers for ASCVD, and how insulin resistance and chronic kidney disease contribute to atherosclerosis [17:30]; How hyperinsulinemia elevates cardiovascular risk [24:00]; How apoB-containing lipoproteins contribute to atherosclerosis, and why measuring apoB is a superior indicator of cardiovascular risk compared to LDL cholesterol [29:45]; The challenges of detecting early-stage atherosclerosis before calcification appears [46:15]; Lp(a): structure, genetic basis, and significant risks associated with elevated Lp(a) [55:30]; How aging and lifestyle factors contribute to rising apoB and LDL cholesterol levels, and the lifestyle changes that can lower it [59:45]; How elevated triglycerides, driven by insulin resistance, increase apoB particle concentration and promote atherosclerosis [1:08:00]; How LDL particle size, remnant lipoproteins, Lp(a), and non-HDL cholesterol contribute to cardiovascular risk beyond apoB levels [1:21:45]; The limitations of using HDL cholesterol as a marker for heart health [1:29:00]; The critical role of cholesterol in brain function and how the brain manages its cholesterol supply [1:36:30]; The impact of ApoE genotype on brain health and Alzheimer's disease risk [1:46:00]; How the brain manages cholesterol through specialized pathways, and biomarkers to track cholesterol health of the brain [1:50:30]; How statins might affect brain cholesterol synthesis and cognitive function, and alternative lipid-lowering strategies for high-risk individuals [1:57:30]; Exciting advancements in therapeutics, diagnostics, and biomarkers coming in the next few years [2:09:30]; Recent consensus statements on apoB and Lp(a) from the National Lipid Association (NLA) [2:12:30]; and More. Connect With Peter on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and YouTube

Dr. Sean O'Mara is a physician and leading expert in human performance optimization, specializing in reducing visceral fat and using advanced imaging techniques to assess and improve overall health. 15 Daily Steps to Lose Weight and Prevent Disease PDF: https://bit.ly/46XTn8f - Get my FREE eBook now! Subscribe to The Genius Life on YouTube! - http://youtube.com/maxlugavere Watch my new documentary Little Empty Boxes - http://littleemptyboxes.com This episode is proudly sponsored by: Experience the unparalleled flavor and health benefits of fresh, artisanal olive oils delivered right to your door with the Fresh-Pressed Olive Oil Club—your first bottle for just $1 at OLIVEOILGENIUS.com.LifeForce is a powerful, at-home biomarker testing solution (they test important biomarkers like ApoB, LDL, A1C, hormones, and more!). Head to MyLifeForce.com and use code GENIUS for 15% off. Puori provides IFOS-certified, high potency fish oil to satisfy all of your pre-formed omega-3 needs! Visit Puori.com/MAX and use promo code MAX to get 20% off site-wide.