Podcasts about Current Biology

Une scène aussi surprenante que cocasse a récemment été filmée dans le parc national de Cantanhez, en Guinée-Bissau : des chimpanzés en train de partager des fruits fermentés, riches en sucre… et en alcool. Non, ce n'est pas un montage viral ou une publicité décalée, mais bien le sujet d'une étude scientifique sérieuse, publiée par des chercheurs de l'Université d'Exeter dans la revue Current Biology.Des “apéros” qui durent depuis 2015Depuis près de dix ans, les primatologues observent chez ces chimpanzés sauvages un comportement inhabituel : ils consomment régulièrement des fruits fermentés tombés au sol, qui contiennent un faible taux d'éthanol. Mais au-delà de l'ingestion d'alcool, c'est le rituel collectif qui intrigue les chercheurs. Dans plusieurs vidéos partagées sur les réseaux sociaux, on voit clairement les primates se rassembler pour ce moment, parfois même se passer les fruits, comme on partagerait un verre.Un plaisir… ou un outil social ?Chez l'humain, consommer de l'alcool active les circuits de la dopamine et des endorphines, favorisant le bien-être et la cohésion sociale. L'autrice principale de l'étude, Anna Bowland, s'interroge : « Et si les chimpanzés obtenaient les mêmes effets que nous ? Et si cette habitude avait une fonction sociale ? »En effet, contrairement à d'autres aliments, les chimpanzés ne partagent pas systématiquement leur nourriture. Or ici, ils semblent volontairement se réunir pour consommer ensemble des produits fermentés. De quoi suggérer que cette pratique pourrait renforcer les liens sociaux ou jouer un rôle dans la hiérarchie du groupe.Peu d'alcool, mais beaucoup d'intérêtPrécision importante : les quantités d'alcool ingérées restent faibles. Les chimpanzés ne cherchent pas à se saouler, ce qui irait à l'encontre de leur instinct de survie. Il ne s'agirait donc pas de simples comportements hédonistes, mais d'un rituel social ancien, potentiellement hérité d'un ancêtre commun aux singes et aux humains.Vers une origine ancestrale de l'apéro ?Ce que cette étude suggère, c'est que l'acte de boire ensemble, codifié chez l'humain en apéritif, barbecue ou pot de départ, pourrait plonger ses racines dans une histoire évolutive profonde. Peut-être que bien avant les verres de rosé et les cacahuètes, nos ancêtres partageaient déjà… un fruit un peu trop mûr.Prochaine étape pour les chercheurs : comprendre les effets physiologiques de ces "apéros" sur le comportement des chimpanzés, et confirmer si cette tradition, en apparence légère, est en fait un pilier ancestral de la sociabilité. Santé ! ? Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Schimpansen trommeln im Rhythmus +++ Long Covid und CFS/ME haben hohe gesellschaftliche Kosten +++ KI baut Lego +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Chimpanzee drumming shows rhythmicity and subspecies variation/ Current Biology, 09.05.2025Long Covid und ME/CFS kosten die Gesellschaft jährlich 60 Milliarden Euro/ Spiegel Online, 10.05.2025Tracing the evolutionary history of the CCR5delta32 deletion via ancient and modern genomes/ Cell, 05.05.2025Ungleiche Teilhabemöglichkeiten für Kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland/ Berlin-Institut für Bevölkerung und Entwicklung, 12.05.2025A cryptic role for reciprocal helping in a cooperatively breeding bird/ Nature, 07.05.2025Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

durée : 00:05:24 - Avec sciences - par : Alexandre Morales - Le règne des dinosaures a-t-il commencé à décliner avant la chute de la fameuse météorite ? D'après un article de la revue Current Biology, ils auraient continué à dominer la planète sans ce grand cataclysme.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Schimpansen essen und teilen fermentierte Früchte +++ Dünger auf landwirtschaftlichen Flächen fördert Heuschnupfen +++ Sport-BHs mit mehr Halt könnten Wirbelsäule belasten +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Wild chimpanzees share fermented fruits, Current Biology, 21.04.2025The impact of ecosystem nitrogen enrichment on pollen allergy: a cross-sectional paired comparison study, The Lancet Planetary Health, April 2025Contributors to age inequalities in loneliness among older adults: a decomposition analysis of 29 countries, Aging and Mental Health, 21.04.2025Modelling Female Breast Motion During Running: Implications of Breast Support on the Spine, European Journal of Sport Science, 03.04.2025Novel color via stimulation of individual photoreceptors at population scale, Science Advances, 18.04.2025Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

How a helpless baby bird protects itself from hungry huntersThere's not a more vulnerable creature in nature than a baby bird. Tiny and immobile, they're easy pickings for predators. But the chicks of the white-necked jacobin hummingbird have evolved a unique defence. They disguise themselves as poisonous caterpillars to discourage those that might eat them. Jay Falk, an NSF postdoctoral fellow at the University of Colorado and Scott Taylor, director of the Mountain Research Station and associate professor at the University of Colorado, studied these birds in Panama. Their research was published in the journal Ecology.Seals have a sense of their oxygen levels, which makes them better diversSeals can dive at length to tremendous depth thanks to some remarkable adaptations, like the ability to collapse their lungs, and radically lower their heart rate. Chris McKnight, a senior research fellow at the University of St Andrews Sea Mammal Research Unit in Scotland, led a study looking to see if tweaking oxygen and C02 levels changed the seals' dive times. The researchers discovered that the seals have the unique ability to measure the oxygen levels in their tissues, so they can anticipate when they need to return to the surface before they get into trouble. The research was published in the journal Science.Fruit flies can show a playful sideAs the joke goes, time flies like an arrow, fruit flies like a banana. Researchers recently demonstrated that fruit flies enjoy more than just aged produce. Using a custom carousel built to fly scale, scientists found that some, but not all, of their fruit flies would play on it, enjoying an activity that had nothing to do with the necessities of life. This brings up the possibility  of variability in personality for fruit flies. Wolf Hütteroth is an associate professor at Northumbria  University, Newcastle and was part of the team, whose research was published in the journal Current Biology.Scaring krill with a dose of penguin pooKrill, the small, shrimp-like creatures that swarm the world's oceans and are particularly abundant in southern oceans, play a big role in marine food webs, connecting microscopic organisms with many of the oceans' larger animal species. Researchers in Australia investigated how krill respond to predator cues, like the smell of their feces. Nicole Hellessey, from the University of Tasmania, said the mere whiff of penguin feces affects the Antarctic krills' feeding behaviour and causes them to take frantic evasive action. The study is published in the journal Frontiers in Marine Science. Fossils tell us what dinosaurs were. How do we know what they did? Dinosaur bones can tell amazing stories about these prehistoric beasts, but how do we piece together how they behaved? A new book dives into the many lines of evidence that can shed light on the behaviour of these extinct creatures. From fossils, to tracks they left behind, to their modern day descendents, paleontologist David Hone from Queen Mary University of London explores how scientists develop robust theories about how dinosaurs lived in his new book, Uncovering Dinosaur Behavior: What They Did and How We Know.

A tree has evolved to attract lightning strikes — to eliminate the competitionScientists working in Panama noticed that a particular tropical tree species was frequently struck by lightning, but was infrequently killed by the strikes. Forest ecologist Evan Gora found that Dipteryx oleifera trees were often the last ones standing after a lightning strike, which can kill over 100 trees with a single bolt. His team discovered the giant trees were more electrically conductive than other species, which allows them to not only survive strikes, but also channel lightning into parasitic vines and competing trees around them. The research was published in the journal New Phytologist.Anti-anxiety drugs we pee out could be affecting wild salmonOur bodies only process some of the pharmaceuticals we take, which means when we pee, we're releasing traces of drugs into the ecosystem. A study of the impact of trace amounts of anti-anxiety drugs on juvenile salmon suggests they might become too brave for their own survival.  Jack Brand is a researcher at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and led the research published in the journal Science.Fossil discovery gives new insight into the mysterious DenisovansA jawbone pulled up by fishers off the coast of Taiwan in 2008 has proven to be a unique discovery. Analysis of preserved protein in the fossil has proved it is from a male Denisovan — a mysterious species of ancient human known from only fragmentary bones and ancient DNA. This gives new insight into how widespread this mysterious branch of humanity was. The research was led by a team including Takumi Tsutaya and Enrico Cappellini at the University of Copenhagen, and published in the journal Science.Earth's inner core is a lot more dynamic and smushy than we previously thoughtScientists used to think the inner core of our planet was a solid sphere of metal, but a new study in Nature Geoscience suggests its softer outer layers shift and deform over time. The researchers used pairs of earthquakes from the same location as X-rays to peer inside Earth to gauge what the inner core is doing; much like a stop-motion film. John Vidale, from the University of Southern California, said this insight can shed light on how a planet like ours evolves. Human noise has an impact on wildlife — here are two unique examplesTraffic, aircraft, industry, construction. Our world is saturated with artificial noise. We know noise impacts us and other animals, but new research is shedding light on how past experiences factor into the ways wildlife adapt to our noise pollution. Researchers in one study in Animal Behaviour found that yellow warblers in the Galapagos Islands that live closer to traffic become aggressive when defending their territory in noisy conditions compared to birds in quieter areas. Çağlar Akçay, from Anglia Ruskin University, said the birds exposed to more traffic have learned their warning calls aren't as effective when things get too noisy; and they resort to physical violence. Another study in Current Biology shows how spiders that are exposed to loud noises construct their webs differently in ways that could affect their ability to sense vibrations from prey or a potential mate. Brandi Pessman, from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, found that spiders tune their webs in noisy environments like a volume dial: city spiders turn their web volume down whereas country spiders turn it up.

The gang discusses two papers that look at preserved skin/external tissues. The first paper shows a unique record of Cambrian molting, and the second paper looks at the first preserved samples of plesiosaur skin. Meanwhile, Amanda commits an "own goal”, Curt shares some old internet fun, and James has opinions about fins.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at skin that is very very very old. The first paper looks at animals from a long time ago that lose their skin when they get too big for it when then grow. They found these parts on the skin that are hard and most of the time there are two but some of them have four, and that these ones that have four are because they are growing new skin under the old skin. The second paper looks at an animal from a long time ago that breathes air but lives in the water and is close to things today that have harder skin. Other animals like this animal have some skin that we know about, but for this group of animal we did not know a lot about their skin. In the other animals that move into water, their skin gets soft, but this group shows that some of their skin is hard like the animals that are on land. This might be because how these animals live.   References: Yu, Chiyang, Deng Wang, and Jian Han. "Cambrian palaeoscolecidomorph Cricocosmia caught in the act of moulting." Historical Biology 37.3 (2025): 643-649. Marx, Miguel, et al. "Skin, scales, and cells in a Jurassic plesiosaur." Current Biology (2025).

Since plants have to mate and produce offspring while rooted to the spot, they have to be pollinated – by wind, water, or animals – most commonly insects. They use a surprising array of tricks to attract pollinators: striking colours, iridescent light effects, and enticing scents, to name but a few. Insects, on the other hand, do not seek to pollinate plants – they are looking for food; so plants make sure it's worth their while. Insects are also remarkably sophisticated in their ability to find, recognise and find their way inside flowers. So pollination has evolved as a complex dance between plants and pollinators that is essential for life on earth to continue. With Beverley Glover, Director of the Cambridge University Botanic GardenJane Memmott, Professor of Ecology at the University of BristolAndLars Chittka, Professor of Sensory and Behavioural Ecology at Queen Mary, University of London.Producer: Eliane GlaserReading list:Stephen L Buchmann and Gary Paul Nabhan, The Forgotten Pollinators (Island Press, 1997)Lars Chittka, The Mind of a Bee (Princeton University Press, 2023)Steven Falk, Field Guide to the Bees of Britain and Ireland (British Wildlife Publishing, 2015)Francis S. Gilbert (illustrated by Steven J. Falk), Hoverflies: Naturalists' Handbooks vol. 5 (Pelagic Publishing, 2015)Dave Goulson, A Sting in the Tale: My Adventures with Bumblebees (Vintage, 2014)Edwige Moyroud and Beverley J. Glover, ‘The evolution of diverse floral morphologies' (Current Biology vol 11, 2017)Jeff Ollerton, Birds and Flowers: An Intimate 50 Million Year Relationship (Pelagic Publishing, 2024) Alan E. Stubbs and Steven J. Falk, British Hoverflies (‎British Entomological & Natural History Society, 2002)Timothy Walker, Pollination: The Enduring Relationship Between Plant and Pollinator (Princeton University Press, 2020)In Our Time is a BBC Studios Audio Production

durée : 00:05:33 - Avec sciences - par : Alexandre Morales - Une publication parue dans Current Biology, et qui a été beaucoup relayée dans des médias plus généralistes, postule que les mâles pieuvre à anneaux bleus envenimeraient les femelles au moment de l'accouplement pour éviter de finir en casse-croûte. Mais est-ce bien vrai ?

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Wenn Beziehungen scheitern, hat das ein Muster +++ Forscher decken historische Verwechslung um Schinderhannes-Skelett auf +++ Schleusen-Klingel in Utrecht hilft wartenden Fischen +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Terminal decline of satisfaction in romantic relationships: Evidence from four longitudinal studies, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 20.03.2025Europäische Region meldet höchste Zahl von Masernfällen seit mehr als 25 Jahren – UNICEF, WHO/Europa, WHO, 13.03.2025Island-wide removal of honeybees reveals exploitative trophic competition with strongly declining wild bee populations, Current Biology, 19.03.2025Burrowing facilitated the survival of mammals in harsh and fluctuating climates, Current Biology, 21.03.2025Remains of the German outlaw Johannes Bückler alias Schinderhannes identified by an interdisciplinary approach, FSI Genetics, 22.03.2025Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

In this week's episode, we discuss wheat and gluten; MAGA, Trump, Elon, and Massie; and elephants. First: the end to the first round of Bret's European wheat experiment: what does it mean that he can eat European wheat, but not American wheat? Then: does Trump misunderstand the coalition that brought him to the presidency a second time? Will going after Thomas Massie be a strong move, or a bad move? Does Elon have too much power, and is he misusing it? How does masculinity manifest in this administration? Finally: elephants and their love of showers.*****Our sponsors:CrowdHealth: Pay for healthcare with crowdfunding instead of insurance. It's way better. Use code DarkHorse at http://JoinCrowdHealth.com to get 1st 3 months for $99/month.Pique's Nandaka: delicious mushroom, tea, and chocolate drink that provides all day energy. Get 20% off plus free frother+beaker at http://www.Piquelife.com/DARKHORSESundays: Dog food so tasty and healthy, even husbands swear by it. Go to http://www.sundaysfordogs.com/DARKHORSE to receive 35% off your first order.*****Join us on Locals! Get access to our Discord server, exclusive live streams, live chats for all streams, and early access to many podcasts: https://darkhorse.locals.comHeather's newsletter, Natural Selections (subscribe to get free weekly essays in your inbox): https://naturalselections.substack.comOur book, A Hunter-Gatherer's Guide to the 21st Century, is available everywhere books are sold, including from Amazon: https://amzn.to/3AGANGg (commission earned)Check out our store! Epic tabby, digital book burning, saddle up the dire wolves, and more: https://darkhorsestore.org*****Mentioned in this episode:Bret stands with Thomas Massie: https://x.com/BretWeinstein/status/1899320001955541268County Highway on this moment in time: https://countyhighway.com/archive/volume-2/issue-5/the-front-porchThe three tribes of MAGA men: https://unherd.com/2025/03/the-three-tribes-of-maga-men/Urban et al 2025. Water-hose tool use and showering behavior by Asian elephants. Current Biology 34(23): 5602 - 5606.e1: https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01371-XTurtle pronouns from a mental health advisor in Oregon: https://x.com/DaniFlyingFree/status/1899464252764610889Support the show

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Weltgrößter Hai war wohl noch länger +++ Mehr Eis auf dem Mond vermutet +++ Frust durch "Germany's Next Topmodel? +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Biology of Otodus megalodon, Palaeontologia Electronica, March 2025Higher surface temperatures near south polar region of the Moon measured by ChaSTE experiment on-board Chandrayaan-3, Communications Earth & Environment, 6.3. 2025Assessing the Impact of a Reality TV Fashion Model Contest on Women's State Body Dissatisfaction, Affect, and Self-Esteem: An Experience Sampling Study of Women With and Without Eating Disorders, International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5.3. 2025Migrating baleen whales transport high-latitude nutrients to tropical and subtropical ecosystems, Nature Communications, 10.3. 2025The demographic drivers of cultural evolution in bird song, Current Biology, 07.03.25Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

Mes chers camarades, bien le bonjour !Faut-il encore présenter Pompéi ? Cette cité antique est ultra célèbre depuis des décennies, et ce n'est pas pour rien ! Elle fascine par son histoire tragique : détruite lors d'une éruption volcanique à l'automne 79, figée à tout jamais par les cendres qui l'ont recouvertes, elle offre aujourd'hui une fenêtre immortelle sur la civilisation romaine de son époque. Et chaque année, on a une nouvelle fournée de découvertes provenant des fouilles archéologiques qui ont encore lieu sur le site… Eh oui, Pompéi n'a pas encore fini de nous livrer tous ses secrets ! Mais parfois, ce sont d'anciennes découvertes que les nouvelles technologies parviennent à faire parler. C'est par exemple le cas d'une étude publiée en novembre 2024 dans "Current Biology," dont les résultats réécrivent des hypothèses de longues dates en étudiant l'ADN obtenu à partir des moulages des victimes de Pompéi. Alors pour en savoir un peu plus, j'ai été à la rencontre d'Emmanuel Botte, un spécialiste du sujet !Bonne écoute !➤ Un grand merci à Emmanuel Botte d'avoir accepté de répondre à mes questions ! Découvrez le catalogue d'exposition "Vins, huiles et parfums : voyage archéologique autour de la Méditerranée antique, qu'il a dirigé avec Jean-Pierre Brun, Matthieu Poux et Julien Auber de Lapierre : https://www.college-de-france.fr/fr/editions/catalogues-exposition/vins-huiles-parfums-9782722607743 Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Kurzsichtig durch zu viel Bildschirmzeit? +++ Lieblingsfarbe Gelb bei Hunden? +++ Fellwechsel bei Grauhörnchen wegen Verkehrsunfällen? +++**********Zusätzliche InformationenDigital Screen Time and Myopia - A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis, JAMA Network Open, 21.2.2025Ready, set, yellow! color preference of Indian free-ranging dogs, Animal Cognition, 4.2.2025No evidence for Peto's paradox in terrestrial vertebrates, PNAS, 24.2.2025A computational perspective on the dynamics of early architecture. Archaeological Research in Asia, März 2025New fish migrations into the Panama Canal increase likelihood of interoceanic invasions in the Americas, Current Biology, 21.2.2025Road mortality contributes to the evolution of an urban-rural cline in squirrel coat color, 11.2.2025**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

Depuis des siècles, la pleine Lune est accusée d'influencer le comportement humain, notamment le sommeil. Mais que dit la science sur cette question ? Plusieurs études récentes ont tenté d'évaluer si notre repos nocturne est réellement affecté par les cycles lunaires.Moins de sommeil et endormissement plus longUne étude menée en 2013 par Christian Cajochen et son équipe de l'Université de Bâle (Current Biology) a observé que, durant la pleine Lune, les participants mettaient 5 minutes de plus à s'endormir et dormaient 20 minutes de moins en moyenne. De plus, leur sommeil paradoxal (phase associée aux rêves et à la consolidation de la mémoire) était réduit de 30 %. Ces résultats s'appuient sur des enregistrements polysomnographiques effectués en laboratoire, montrant une baisse de la production de mélatonine, l'hormone du sommeil.Une étude plus récente, menée en 2021 par Leandro Casiraghi de l'Université de Washington (Science Advances), a confirmé ces résultats en observant des populations aussi bien urbaines que rurales. L'étude a révélé que les individus dorment moins longtemps et s'endorment plus tard à l'approche de la pleine Lune. L'effet était encore plus marqué chez les populations vivant sans éclairage artificiel, suggérant que la lumière de la Lune pourrait jouer un rôle dans la régulation de notre rythme circadien.Explications possibles1. Influence de la lumière lunaire- Avant l'éclairage artificiel, la pleine Lune pouvait prolonger l'activité humaine le soir, retardant naturellement l'endormissement. Aujourd'hui encore, cette influence pourrait persister, notamment chez les personnes sensibles aux variations de lumière.2. Rythmes biologiques et évolution- Certains chercheurs avancent que notre biologie aurait évolué en fonction des cycles lunaires. La pleine Lune étant plus lumineuse, nos ancêtres, exposés à plus de dangers nocturnes, auraient développé une vigilance accrue, expliquant un sommeil plus léger et plus court durant cette phase.3. Effet placebo et croyances populaires- Les croyances autour de la pleine Lune pourraient également influencer notre perception du sommeil. Si une personne pense dormir moins bien ces nuits-là, son cerveau pourrait inconsciemment conditionner un sommeil plus fragmenté.ConclusionLes effets de la pleine Lune sur le sommeil sont modestes mais bien réels, selon les études. Toutefois, leur impact reste faible comparé à d'autres facteurs comme le stress, l'alimentation ou l'exposition aux écrans. Pour mieux dormir, il est donc plus utile de se concentrer sur ces éléments plutôt que de craindre l'influence de notre satellite nocturne. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Is your windshield accumulating less bug splatter? Insects, the most numerous animals on Earth, are becoming scarcer, and that's not good news. They're essential, and not just for their service as pollinators. We ask what's causing the decrease in insect populations, and how can it be reversed .  Also, the story of how California's early citrus crops came under attack – a problem that was solved by turning Nature on itself. And how chimpanzee “doctors” use insects to treat wounds. We investigate the small and the many on “The Latest Buzz.” Guests: Martin Kernan – Historian and journalist. His article, “The Bug That Saved California,” appeared in the January-February 2022 issue of the Smithsonian Alessandra Mascaro – Evolutionary  Biologist, currently working at the Ozouga Chimpanzee Project, co-author of the Current Biology paper, “Application of insects to wounds of self and others by chimpanzees in the wild” Lara Southern – Doctoral student at the University of Osnabruck, co-author of the Current Biology paper, “Application of insects to wounds of self and others by chimpanzees in the wild” Oliver Milman – Environment correspondent for The Guardian in the U.S. and author of “The Insect Crisis: The Fall of the Tiny Empires that Run the World” Featuring music by Dewey Dellay and Jun Miyake Originally aired March 28, 2022 Big Picture Science is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to inquire about advertising on Big Picture Science. You can get early access to ad-free versions of every episode by joining us on Patreon. Thanks for your support!   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Is your windshield accumulating less bug splatter? Insects, the most numerous animals on Earth, are becoming scarcer, and that's not good news. They're essential, and not just for their service as pollinators. We ask what's causing the decrease in insect populations, and how can it be reversed .  Also, the story of how California's early citrus crops came under attack – a problem that was solved by turning Nature on itself. And how chimpanzee “doctors” use insects to treat wounds. We investigate the small and the many on “The Latest Buzz.” Guests: Martin Kernan – Historian and journalist. His article, “The Bug That Saved California,” appeared in the January-February 2022 issue of the Smithsonian Alessandra Mascaro – Evolutionary  Biologist, currently working at the Ozouga Chimpanzee Project, co-author of the Current Biology paper, “Application of insects to wounds of self and others by chimpanzees in the wild” Lara Southern – Doctoral student at the University of Osnabruck, co-author of the Current Biology paper, “Application of insects to wounds of self and others by chimpanzees in the wild” Oliver Milman – Environment correspondent for The Guardian in the U.S. and author of “The Insect Crisis: The Fall of the Tiny Empires that Run the World” Featuring music by Dewey Dellay and Jun Miyake Originally aired March 28, 2022 Big Picture Science is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to inquire about advertising on Big Picture Science. You can get early access to ad-free versions of every episode by joining us on Patreon. Thanks for your support!   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Strombedarf wächst wohl weiter - kaum zusätzliche CO2-Emissionen +++ Mumien riechen holzig, würzig oder süß +++ Fruchtfliegen fahren gerne Karussell +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Update ErdeElectricity 2025 Analysis and forecast to 2027/ IAE, Februar 2025High prevalence of veterinary drugs in bird's nests/ Science of The Total Environment, 10.02.2025Ancient Egyptian Mummified Bodies: Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of Their Smell/ Journal of the American Chemical Society, 13.02.2025Play-like behavior exhibited by the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster/ Current Biology, 10.02.2025Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

The gang discusses two papers that look at some exceptional soft-tissue preservation during the Silurian. The first paper potentially identifies a unique type of pterobranch, and the second paper looks at some early molluscs. Meanwhile, James has seen some movies, Amanda has a skibidi day, and Curt's soul dies.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two animals from a long time ago that are only found as soft parts and that makes it hard to find the parts of them that were in the ground a long long time ago. The first paper looks at an animal that is not well known in the past but is close to another animal that is better known. These soft parts are weird and people did not know what they were for a long while. This paper makes the case for this being one of this group of animals that all live in long empty round things together. They also say that this one may have lived moving in the water even though the ones today all sit at the bottom of the water on the ground. The second paper looks at another group of animals that many today have a hard part on them and some of them turn their body when they grow. The animals that they are looking at do not do these things. They have hair and are long. These are animals are from a group that we think might be close to what the early animals in this group today would have looked like. The friends talk about this paper because they gave the animals funny names.   References: Briggs, Derek EG, and Nicolás Mongiardino Koch. "A Silurian pseudocolonial pterobranch." Current Biology 33.23 (2023): 5225-5232. Sutton, Mark D., et al. "New Silurian aculiferan fossils reveal complex early history of Mollusca." Nature (2025): 1-6.

A little bit of scratching can do some good, but too much can hurtScratching an itch can feel great, so scientists decided to dig into why that is the case since we know too much scratching isn't good for us. Dr. Dan Kaplan, a professor of dermatology and immunology at the University of Pittsburgh, said they found that scratching drives inflammation to the skin, which, in light moderation, helps to fight bacterial skin infections. But he warns that continual or excessive scratching can prolong an itch and potentially damage the skin. Their study is in the journal Science. Bear hazing goes high-tech with dronesA wildlife manager in the US has found that drones can be a safe and effective way to discourage problem bears from troubling human habitation and livestock. Wesley Sarmento started working in the prairies of Montana to prevent bear-human conflicts, but found the usual tricks of the trade were not as effective as he wanted them to be. Previously he tried to use noisemakers, dogs, trucks, and firearms, but buzzing bears with flying robots turned out to work much better. Now a PhD student at the University of Montana, he published an article about his hazing research in Frontiers in Conservation Science.Ants can remember and hold grudges against those who trouble themWhen ants fight with those from another nearby colony, it makes an impression. A new study has found the insects can remember the chemical signature of the aggressors, and will respond more vigorously and violently the next time they cross paths. Dr. Volker Nehring, a researcher at the University of Freiburg, Germany, describes the phenomenon as “the nasty neighbour" where ants are most aggressive to ant colonies closest to them, and says this is due to resource protection. Dr Nehring and his team's research was published in the journal Current Biology.Scientists on the front line of permafrost thaw describe changes in the Arctic The acceleration of change in the Arctic due to global warming is transforming the landscape on a year-to-year basis, often in surprising ways. That's according to scientists who've been studying the effects of climate change in the North. One study found that lakes in Western Greenland shifted from pristine blue to dirty brown from one year to the next due to increased permafrost melting and runoff. Jasmine Saros, a lake ecologist from the University of Maine, said they were astonished by the magnitude of change they saw in all 10 lakes they studied and how quickly it happened. That study was published in the journal PNAS. We also speak with William Quinton, a permafrost hydrologist from Wilfred Laurier University and the director of the Scotty Creek Research Station in southern Northwest Territories, an area he describes as “the frontline of permafrost thaw.” Quinton was part of a research team, led by Anna Virkkala from the Woodwell Climate Research Centre, that found that 34 per cent of the Arctic Boreal Zone — a region where carbon was safely locked up in the permafrost for thousands of years — has now become a carbon source. That study is in the journal Nature Climate Change.

É comum ouvirmos falar de parasitas animais. Mas, você sabia que uma planta também pode ser parasita? Separe trinta minutinhos do seu dia e descubra, com Mila Massuda, como essas plantas interagem com seus hospedeiros, quais estratégias usam para sobreviver e as curiosidades por trás desse comportamento fascinante da natureza. Apresentação: Mila Massuda (@milamassuda) Roteiro: Mila Massuda (@milamassuda) e Emilio Garcia (@emilioblablalogia) Revisão de Roteiro: Vee Almeida Técnica de Gravação: Julianna Harsche (@juvisharsche) Editor: Angélica Peixoto (@angewlique)Lilian Correa (@_lilianleme) Mixagem e Masterização: Lívia Mello (@adiscolizard) Produção: Prof. Vítor Soares (@profvitorsoares), Matheus Herédia (@Matheus_Heredia) e BláBláLogia (@blablalogia) Gravado e editado nos estúdios TocaCast, do grupo Tocalivros (@tocalivros) REFERÊNCIAS EGGERS, T.; HEFIN JONES, T. You are what you eat…or are you? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, v. 15, n. 7, p. 265–266, jul. 2000. FIDELIS, Elisangela Gomes et al. Priorização de pragas quarentenárias ausentes no Brasil. 2018. JHU, M.-Y.; SINHA, N. R. Parasitic Plants: An Overview of Mechanisms by Which Plants Perceive and Respond to Parasites. Annual Review of Plant Biology, v. 73, n. 1, p. 433–455, 20 maio 2022. TWYFORD, A. D. Parasitic plants. Current Biology, v. 28, n. 16, p. R857–R859, ago. 2018. WESTWOOD, J. H. et al. The evolution of parasitism in plants. Trends in Plant Science, v. 15, n. 4, p. 227–235, abr. 2010.

Reintroducing Hawaii's sacred crow to the wildThe world's most endangered crow, the Hawaiian crow or or ʻalalā, is making tentative steps towards a comeback. After going extinct in the wild, only 120 birds remain in captivity, in two facilities operated by the San Diego Zoo. Over the years, researchers have attempted reintroductions in the bird's native habitat on the Big Island of Hawaii, but those efforts have all been unsuccessful. Recently, the team tried something different - reintroducing the birds to a different island than their native home. The initial release happened in October and so far, the team, including Bryce Masuda, has high hopes and positive signs from their latest attempt.Lasers tell us about the pterosaur's unique tailThe great flying reptiles of the dawn of the age of dinosaurs, the pterosaurs, took flight with delicate but flexible internal tail structure that allowed it to work like a kite. Scientists used recently developed technology to enable them to see a lattice-like structure in the soft tissue in the early pterosaur soft tissue that was otherwise invisible to the naked eye. Natalia Jagielska, a paleontologist at the Lyme Regis Museum in Dorset, England, said their kite-like tail vane would have stood upright and could have functioned as a display and to help them in flight. The study was published in the eLife journal, Evolutionary Biology. How gophers help re-seed volcanic landscape with lifeAfter Mt. St. Helens exploded in 1980 it left a shattered, ash-covered, barren landscape behind. But the one-time reintroduction of gophers to one area led to a remarkably fast recovery of plants and other fauna. Forty-years later, changes to the environment are still being documented by  Dr. Mia Maltz, assistant professor of Microbial Ecology and Soil Earth at the University of Connecticut, and her team. They published their research in the journal Frontiers in Microbiomes.Desert ants' magnetic navigationDesert ants that navigate the endless sands of the Sahara use the Earth's magnetic field to find their way, which is not unusual. But unlike other animals like birds and turtles they don't appear to have an internal compass that aligns north and south. Instead they are unique in that they  use a more subtle cue – the polarity of the magnetic field. A study looking at this led by Dr. Pauline Fleischmann, a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Oldenburg in Germany  was published in the journal Current Biology. Celestial body mysteries: dark comets and meteorites from young asteroid families The thousands of small celestial bodies in our solar system are now a bit less mysterious, thanks to several recent discoveries. One group of astronomers have traced back the origins of 84 per cent of all known meteorites that have pummeled Earth to just a few young asteroid families in the asteroid belt. Michaël Marsset, from the European Southern Observatory in Chile, said collisions in the asteroid belt create a collisional cascade that produces fragments, some of which end up raining down on Earth as meteorites. Two of their papers were published in the journal Nature and a third in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Another group of astronomers have identified two populations of stealthy dark comets that are something in between a comet and an asteroid. They've found fourteen of these objects whose orbital motion is comet-like, but which lack a visible tail like regular comets. Davide Farnocchia, a navigation engineer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab, said they've found two types of these unusual solar system bodies: larger ones in an elliptical orbit out to Jupiter and smaller ones in orbit around Earth. Their study was published in the journal PNAS.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Drosophila buskii findet Fäulnisgeruch super +++ Ernährungstagebuch ist wohl zu ungenau für Forschung +++ Wofür Streetgangs soziale Netzwerke nutzen +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Preference for and resistance to a toxic sulfur volatile opens up a unique niche in Drosophila busckiiPredictive equation helps estimate misreporting of energy intakes in dietary surveys, Nature Food Januar 2025Unveiling the Digital Underworld – Exploring Cyberbanging and Recruitment of Canadian Street Gang Members on Social Media, Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice 2024Socially contagious urination in chimpanzees, Current Biology, 20.01.25Great white shark's 9-million-year-old ancestor found in PeruAlle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

Egal zu welchem Anlass, in Deutschland wird gerne getrunken. Obwohl der Konsum seit Jahren langsam sinkt, liegen wir im internationalen Vergleich immer noch weit vorn. Schätzungen gehen davon aus, dass jährlich mehr als 40.000 Menschen in Deutschland an den Folgen ihres Alkoholkonsums vorzeitig sterben. Und dennoch gilt Alkoholtrinken immer noch als normal. Warum können - oder wollen - wir nicht auf diese Droge verzichten? Es nur mit dem Rausch, mit der kleinen Flucht aus dem Alltag zu erklären, wäre zu einfach.  Autorin Yasmin Appelhans ist dem Alkoholkonsum wissenschaftlich auf den Grund gegangen und hat dafür auch in der Evolutionsgeschichte gewühlt. Im Gespräch mit Host Lucie Kluth erzählt sie von ihren spannenden Erkenntnissen - unter anderem, warum unser Körper Alkohol relativ gut verarbeiten kann, was die forschungsrelevante "Drunken Monkey Hypothesis" damit zu tun hat und warum gerade Soziale Medien mitverantwortlich dafür sind, dass viele junge Menschen ihren Alkoholkonsum hinterfragen. DIE HINTERGRUNDINFORMATIONEN 1. Dudley R. Evolutionary Origins of Human Alcoholism in Primate Frugivory. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 2000;75(1): 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1086/393255. 2. Carrigan MA, Uryasev O, Frye CB, Eckman BL, Myers CR, Hurley TD, et al. Hominids adapted to metabolize ethanol long before human-directed fermentation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015;112(2): 458–463. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1404167111. 3. Bowland AC, Melin AD, Hosken DJ, Hockings KJ, Carrigan MA. The evolutionary ecology of ethanol. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2024;0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2024.09.005. 4. Dudley R, Maro A. Human Evolution and Dietary Ethanol. Nutrients. 2021;13(7): 2419. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072419. 5. Dashko S, Zhou N, Compagno C, Piškur J. Why, when, and how did yeast evolve alcoholic fermentation? Fems Yeast Research. 2014;14(6): 826–832. https://doi.org/10.1111/1567-1364.12161. 6. Milan NF, Kacsoh BZ, Schlenke TA. Alcohol Consumption as Self-Medication against Blood-Borne Parasites in the Fruit Fly. Current Biology. 2012;22(6): 488–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.01.045. 7. Heinz A, Daedelow LS. Alkohol als Kulturgut – eine historisch-anthropologische und therapeutische Perspektive auf Alkoholkonsum und seine soziale Rolle in westlichen Gesellschaften. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz. 2021;64(6): 646–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-021-03327-8. 8. Cooke R. The Palgrave handbook of psychological perspectives on alcohol consumption. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2021. 9. Alkoholkonsum in Deutschland: https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/service/begriffe-von-a-z/a/alkohol.html [Accessed 9th December 2024]. 10. Nutt DJ, King LA, Phillips LD. Drug harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis. The Lancet. 2010;376(9752): 1558–1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61462-6. 11. Mamluk L, Edwards HB, Savović J, Leach V, Jones T, Moore THM, et al. Low alcohol consumption and pregnancy and childhood outcomes: time to change guidelines indicating apparently ‘safe' levels of alcohol during pregnancy? A systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7): e015410. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015410. 12. Manthey J, Shield KD, Rylett M, Hasan OSM, Probst C, Rehm J. Global alcohol exposure between 1990 and 2017 and forecasts until 2030: a modelling study. The Lancet. 2019;393(10190): 2493–2502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32744-2. 13. Kilian C, Manthey J, Rehm J, Kraus L. Alkoholpolitik in Deutschland: Verpasste Chancen zur Senkung der Krankheitslast. SUCHT. 2023;69(4): 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000823. 14. Binder A, Kilian C, Hanke S, Banabak M, Berkenhoff C, Petersen KU, et al. Stigma and self-stigma among women within the context of the german “zero alcohol during pregnancy” recommendation: A qualitative analysis of online forums and blogs. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2024;124: 104331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104331. 15. Stockwell T, Zhao J, Clay J, Levesque C, Sanger N, Sherk A, et al. Why Do Only Some Cohort Studies Find Health Benefits From Low-Volume Alcohol Use? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Study Characteristics That May Bias Mortality Risk Estimates. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 2024;85(4): 441–452. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.23-00283. 16. Cook M, Critchlow N, O'Donnell R, MacLean S. Alcohol's contribution to climate change and other environmental degradation: a call for research. Health Promotion International. 2024;39(1): daae004. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daae004. 17. 3.7 Genetik der Alkoholabhängigkeit.. 2011th ed. Alkohol und Tabak. Thieme Verlag; 2011. https://doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-40723. [Accessed 21st December 2024]. 18. Hakulinen C, Elovainio M, Batty GD, Virtanen M, Kivimäki M, Jokela M. Personality and Alcohol Consumption: Pooled Analysis of 72,949 Adults from Eight Cohort Studies. Drug and alcohol dependence. 2015;151: 110–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.008. 19. Heinz A, Gül Halil M, Gutwinski S, Beck A, Liu S. ICD-11: Änderungen der diagnostischen Kriterien der Substanzabhängigkeit. Der Nervenarzt. 2022;93(1): 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-021-01071-7. 20. Alkoholberatung: Alkohol? Kenn dein Limit. https://www.kenn-dein-limit.de/alkoholberatung/ [Accessed 21st December 2024].

Egal zu welchem Anlass, in Deutschland wird gerne getrunken. Obwohl der Konsum seit Jahren langsam sinkt, liegen wir im internationalen Vergleich immer noch weit vorn. Schätzungen gehen davon aus, dass jährlich mehr als 40.000 Menschen in Deutschland an den Folgen ihres Alkoholkonsums vorzeitig sterben. Und dennoch gilt Alkoholtrinken immer noch als normal. Warum können - oder wollen - wir nicht auf diese Droge verzichten? Es nur mit dem Rausch, mit der kleinen Flucht aus dem Alltag zu erklären, wäre zu einfach.  Autorin Yasmin Appelhans ist dem Alkoholkonsum wissenschaftlich auf den Grund gegangen und hat dafür auch in der Evolutionsgeschichte gewühlt. Im Gespräch mit Host Lucie Kluth erzählt sie von ihren spannenden Erkenntnissen - unter anderem, warum unser Körper Alkohol relativ gut verarbeiten kann, was die forschungsrelevante "Drunken Monkey Hypothesis" damit zu tun hat und warum gerade Soziale Medien mitverantwortlich dafür sind, dass viele junge Menschen ihren Alkoholkonsum hinterfragen. DIE HINTERGRUNDINFORMATIONEN 1. Dudley R. Evolutionary Origins of Human Alcoholism in Primate Frugivory. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 2000;75(1): 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1086/393255. 2. Carrigan MA, Uryasev O, Frye CB, Eckman BL, Myers CR, Hurley TD, et al. Hominids adapted to metabolize ethanol long before human-directed fermentation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015;112(2): 458–463. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1404167111. 3. Bowland AC, Melin AD, Hosken DJ, Hockings KJ, Carrigan MA. The evolutionary ecology of ethanol. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2024;0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2024.09.005. 4. Dudley R, Maro A. Human Evolution and Dietary Ethanol. Nutrients. 2021;13(7): 2419. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072419. 5. Dashko S, Zhou N, Compagno C, Piškur J. Why, when, and how did yeast evolve alcoholic fermentation? Fems Yeast Research. 2014;14(6): 826–832. https://doi.org/10.1111/1567-1364.12161. 6. Milan NF, Kacsoh BZ, Schlenke TA. Alcohol Consumption as Self-Medication against Blood-Borne Parasites in the Fruit Fly. Current Biology. 2012;22(6): 488–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.01.045. 7. Heinz A, Daedelow LS. Alkohol als Kulturgut – eine historisch-anthropologische und therapeutische Perspektive auf Alkoholkonsum und seine soziale Rolle in westlichen Gesellschaften. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz. 2021;64(6): 646–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-021-03327-8. 8. Cooke R. The Palgrave handbook of psychological perspectives on alcohol consumption. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2021. 9. Alkoholkonsum in Deutschland: https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/service/begriffe-von-a-z/a/alkohol.html [Accessed 9th December 2024]. 10. Nutt DJ, King LA, Phillips LD. Drug harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis. The Lancet. 2010;376(9752): 1558–1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61462-6. 11. Mamluk L, Edwards HB, Savović J, Leach V, Jones T, Moore THM, et al. Low alcohol consumption and pregnancy and childhood outcomes: time to change guidelines indicating apparently ‘safe' levels of alcohol during pregnancy? A systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7): e015410. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015410. 12. Manthey J, Shield KD, Rylett M, Hasan OSM, Probst C, Rehm J. Global alcohol exposure between 1990 and 2017 and forecasts until 2030: a modelling study. The Lancet. 2019;393(10190): 2493–2502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32744-2. 13. Kilian C, Manthey J, Rehm J, Kraus L. Alkoholpolitik in Deutschland: Verpasste Chancen zur Senkung der Krankheitslast. SUCHT. 2023;69(4): 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000823. 14. Binder A, Kilian C, Hanke S, Banabak M, Berkenhoff C, Petersen KU, et al. Stigma and self-stigma among women within the context of the german “zero alcohol during pregnancy” recommendation: A qualitative analysis of online forums and blogs. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2024;124: 104331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104331. 15. Stockwell T, Zhao J, Clay J, Levesque C, Sanger N, Sherk A, et al. Why Do Only Some Cohort Studies Find Health Benefits From Low-Volume Alcohol Use? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Study Characteristics That May Bias Mortality Risk Estimates. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 2024;85(4): 441–452. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.23-00283. 16. Cook M, Critchlow N, O'Donnell R, MacLean S. Alcohol's contribution to climate change and other environmental degradation: a call for research. Health Promotion International. 2024;39(1): daae004. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daae004. 17. 3.7 Genetik der Alkoholabhängigkeit.. 2011th ed. Alkohol und Tabak. Thieme Verlag; 2011. https://doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-40723. [Accessed 21st December 2024]. 18. Hakulinen C, Elovainio M, Batty GD, Virtanen M, Kivimäki M, Jokela M. Personality and Alcohol Consumption: Pooled Analysis of 72,949 Adults from Eight Cohort Studies. Drug and alcohol dependence. 2015;151: 110–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.008. 19. Heinz A, Gül Halil M, Gutwinski S, Beck A, Liu S. ICD-11: Änderungen der diagnostischen Kriterien der Substanzabhängigkeit. Der Nervenarzt. 2022;93(1): 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-021-01071-7. 20. Alkoholberatung: Alkohol? Kenn dein Limit. https://www.kenn-dein-limit.de/alkoholberatung/ [Accessed 21st December 2024].

Notre cerveau a une tendance naturelle à structurer nos expériences quotidiennes en séquences distinctes, ou « chapitres ». Cette organisation cognitive, mise en lumière par une étude dirigée par Alexandra De Soares et publiée dans Current Biology, joue un rôle essentiel dans notre mémoire et notre perception du temps. L'étude explore un mécanisme clé : les « frontières d'événements ». Ces moments marquent des transitions entre différentes activités ou contextes dans une journée, comme passer d'une réunion à un déjeuner ou rentrer chez soi après le travail. Ces frontières sont essentielles pour notre cerveau, car elles lui permettent de segmenter la journée en blocs cohérents et digestes. Les chercheurs ont montré que ces changements sont interprétés par des régions cérébrales spécifiques, notamment l'hippocampe et le cortex préfrontal. Ces structures sont connues pour leur rôle dans la mémoire épisodique, c'est-à-dire la capacité à se souvenir d'événements spécifiques dans leur contexte. Les frontières d'événements agissent comme des « points de repère » cognitifs, aidant à structurer nos souvenirs. Pour tester cette hypothèse, Alexandra De Soares et son équipe ont demandé à des participants de regarder une série de vidéos contenant des changements marqués dans le scénario ou le contexte, comme un passage d'une scène d'intérieur à une scène extérieure. En parallèle, l'activité cérébrale des participants a été mesurée par IRM fonctionnelle. Les résultats ont révélé une augmentation de l'activité dans l'hippocampe chaque fois qu'une frontière d'événement était rencontrée, indiquant que le cerveau enregistrait ces transitions comme des points de division significatifs. Ce processus a une fonction adaptative importante. Il permet de mieux organiser et stocker les informations dans notre mémoire à long terme. Par exemple, il est plus facile de se souvenir d'un voyage structuré en étapes — comme les différentes villes visitées — que d'un récit monotone sans transitions claires. Cependant, ce découpage a aussi des implications sur notre perception du temps. Une journée riche en « chapitres » semble souvent plus longue, car chaque segment est mémorisé distinctement. À l'inverse, une journée routinière, avec peu de transitions, peut paraître floue et passer très vite. En conclusion, cette étude illustre comment notre cerveau, grâce aux frontières d'événements, structure naturellement notre quotidien en chapitres pour optimiser la mémoire et donner du sens à nos expériences. Ce mécanisme est une pièce maîtresse de notre perception du monde et de notre identité. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Honden begrijpen ons beter dan we altijd gedacht hebben. Dat blijkt uit een onderzoek dat onlangs werd gepubliceerd in het wetenschappelijke tijdschrift Current Biology. Onderzoekers in Hongarije hebben aangetoond dat de viervoeters de namen van hun favoriete speeltjes kunnen herkennen, net als de meer voor de hand liggende commando's zoals 'zit' en 'blijf'

What the dinosaurs left behind tells the story of their rise to dominanceBones aren't the only thing we can use to understand the dinosaurs. A new study of a rich trove of fossilized feces and vomit is telling the story of how dinosaurs diversified and came to dominate the planet starting 230 million years ago. Paleontologist Martin Qvarnström from Uppsala University in Sweden said it appears that the secret to dinosaurs' success is in their ability to adapt to their changing environment. Their research is published in the journal Nature. A new kind of ‘walking' shorts could help with mobilityScientists have incorporated artificial tendons and electric motors into shorts to provide support and assistance to the hip flexor muscles that are critical for walking. In both young and old people the shorts improved performance and so could make a difference for those whose mobility has been compromised. Enrica Tricomi, a visiting researcher at the Technical University of Munich, co-developed this prototype. The study was published in the journal Nature.Shining a bright light on a new way to discourage shark attacksSharks attacks on humans are often a result of mistaken identity, when they mistake a swimming human or a surfboard for a seal or sea lion. Researchers have found that a bright patterns of LED lights can break up the visual pattern of a swimmer so that they look less like a shark's usual prey. Dr. Lucille Chapuis was part of the team that tested various patterns of lights in Seal Island, South Africa. Their research was published in Current Biology.Different species of humans walked side-by-side in Africa millions of years agoPreserved footprints near a lakeshore in Kenya show that two species of early humans, Homo erectus and Paranthropus boisei, shared the same watering hole 1.5 million years ago. This is the first direct evidence of two species of hominids sharing the same space at the same time.Dr. Kevin Hatala, professor of Biology at Chatham University, and his team's findings are in the journal Science. We no longer know how to make humans live longer – only betterHuman lifespan lengthened amazingly in the 20th century, thanks to reductions in infant mortality, improvements in public health, and successes against infectious disease. But according to a new study by S. Jay Olshansky, those gains have started to flatline in recent years. By looking at the countries with the longest lifespans, Olshansky and his colleagues found that we have traded childhood diseases for age-related diseases like cancers and Alzheimer's, and so we shouldn't expect to make many more gains in human lifespan using our current methods. Instead, he says, we should focus on improving the quality of the extra years we've gained so far. His work was published in the journal Nature Aging.We also speak with William Mair, a Professor of Molecular Metabolism at the Harvard School of Public Health. He is part of a new field of study called Geroscience, which looks at slowing down the process of aging as a whole. In his lab he has been able to extend the lifespan of simpler creatures like nematode worms and mice, and says while we have no proof we can extend a human's maximum lifespan at this time, that doesn't mean it won't be possible in the future. 

Comenzaremos la primera parte del programa hablando de la Cumbre del G20, en la cual se presentó una alianza para combatir el hambre y la pobreza; y de la reforma constitucional en Nicaragua que da más poder al presidente Daniel Ortega. Hablaremos también de un estudio publicado en Current Biology sobre la importancia de jugar para los chimpancés; y por último, de una banana subastada por millones de dólares en Sotheby's.   La segunda parte del programa estará dedicada a otras historias y acontecimientos de América Latina. En esta sección ilustraremos un tema de gramática y una expresión. Hoy nuestro diálogo gramatical estará dedicado a Uses of Estar. Cerraremos la emisión con la frase: Pagar con la misma moneda. - Brasil presenta alianza contra el hambre y la pobreza en el G20 - Nicaragua aprueba reforma que da control absoluto al presidente Ortega - La importancia de jugar para los chimpancés - Sotheby's vende una banana por millones de dólares - Tus canciones favoritas, pero convertidas en música norteña - La primera película de animación de la historia del cine

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten +++ Bei Schimpansen spielen die Erwachsenen regelmäßig miteinander +++ Mögliche Frühform einer Alphabetschrift entdeckt +++ Neuer Kunststoff soll sich im Meer auflösen können +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Update ErdeSocial play fosters cooperation in wild adult chimpanzees. Current Biology, 21.11.2024Evidence of oldest known Alphabetic writing unearthed in ancient Syrian city. Bericht der Johns-Hopkins-Universität, 21.11.2024Mechanically strong yet metabolizable supramolecular plastics by desalting upon phase separation. Science, 21.11.2024Web-browsing patterns reflect and shape mood and mental health. Nature Human Behaviour, 21.11.2024Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

* List of Discoveries Squeezing Evolution: Did you know that dinosaurs ate rice before rice evolved? That turtle shells existed forty million years before turtle shells began evolving? That insects evolved tongues for eating from flowers 70 million years before flowers evolved? And that birds appeared before birds evolved? The fossil record is a wonderful thing. And more recently, only a 40,000-year squeeze, Neanderthal had blood types A, B, and O, shocking evolutionists but expected to us here at Real Science Radio! Sit back and get ready to enjoy another instant classic, today's RSR "list show" on Evolution's Big Squeeze! Our other popular list shows include: - scientists doubting Darwin - evidence against whale evolution - problems with 'the river carved the canyon' - carbon 14 everywhere it shouldn't be - dinosaur still-soft biological tissue - solar system formation problems - evidence against the big bang - evidence for the global flood - genomes that just don't fit - and our list of not so old things! (See also rsr.org/sq2 and rsr.org/sq3!) * Evolution's Big Squeeze: Many discoveries squeeze the Darwinian theory's timeframe and of course without a workable timeframe there is no workable theory. Examples, with their alleged (and falsified) old-earth timeframes, include: - Complex skeletons existed 9 million years before they were thought to have evolved, before even the "Cambrian explosion".- Butterflies existed 10 million years before they were thought to have evolved. - Parrots existed "much earlier than had been thought", in fact, 25 million years before they were thought to have evolved. - Cephalopod fossils (squids, cuttlefish, etc.) appear 35 million years before they were able to propagate. - Turtle shells 40 million years before turtle shells began evolving - Trees began evolving 45 million years before they were thought to evolve - Spores appearing 50 million years before the plants that made them (not unlike footprints systematically appearing "millions of years before" the creatures that made them, as affirmed by Dr. Marcus Ross, associate professor of geology). - Sponges existed 60 million years before they were believed to have evolved. - Dinosaurs ate rice before it evolved Example - Insect proboscis (tongue) in moths and butterflies 70 million years before previously believed has them evolving before flowers. - Arthropod brains fully developed with central nervous system running to eyes and appendages just like modern arthropods 90 million years earlier than previously known (prior to 2021, now, allegedly 310mya) - 100 million years ago and already a bird - Fossil pollen pushes back plant evolution 100 million years. - Mammalian hair allegedly 100-million-years-old show that, "the morphology of hair cuticula may have remained unchanged throughout most of mammalian evolution", regarding the overlapping cells that lock the hair shaft into its follicle. - Piranha-like flesh-eating teeth (and bitten prey) found pushing back such fish 125 million years earlier than previously claimed   - Shocking organic molecules in "200 million-years-old leaves" from ginkgoes and conifers show unexpected stasis. - Plant genetic sophistication pushed back 200 million years. - Jellyfish fossils (Medusoid Problematica :) 200 million years earlier than expected; here from 500My ago. - Green seaweed 200 million years earlier than expected, pushed back now to a billion years ago!  - The acanthodii fish had color vision 300 million years ago, but then, and wait, Cheiracanthus fish allegedly 388 million years ago already had color vision. - Color vision (for which there is no Darwinian evolutionary small-step to be had, from monochromatic), existed "300 million years ago" in fish, and these allegedly "120-million-year-old" bird's rod and cone fossils stun researchers :) - 400-million-year-old Murrindalaspis placoderm fish "eye muscle attachment, the eyestalk attachment and openings for the optic nerve, and arteries and veins supplying the eyeball" The paper's author writes, "Of course, we would not expect the preservation of ancient structures made entirely of soft tissues (e.g. rods and cone cells in the retina...)." So, check this next item... :) - And... no vertebrates in the Cambrian? Well, from the journal Nature in 2014, a "Lower-Middle Cambrian... primitive fish displays unambiguous vertebrate features: a notochord, a pair of prominent camera-type eyes, paired nasal sacs, possible cranium and arcualia, W-shaped myomeres, and a post-anal tail" Primitive? - Fast-growing juvenile bone tissue, thought to appear in the Cretaceous, has been pushed back 100 million years: "This pushes the origin of fibrolamellar bone in Sauropterygia back from the Cretaceous to the early Middle Triassic..."- Trilobites "advanced" (not the predicted primitive) digestion "525 million" years ago - And there's this, a "530 million year old" fish, "50 million years before the current estimate of when fish evolved" - Mycobacterium tuberculosis 100,000 yr-old MRCA (most recent common ancestor) now 245 million- Fungus long claimed to originate 500M years ago, now found at allegedly 950 Mya (and still biological "the distant past... may have been much more 'modern' than we thought." :) - A rock contained pollen a billion years before plants evolved, according to a 2007 paper describing "remarkably preserved" fossil spores in the French Alps that had undergone high-grade metamorphism - 2.5 billion year old cyanobacteria fossils (made of organic material found in a stromatolite) appear about "200 million years before the [supposed] Great Oxidation Event". - 2.7 billion year old eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus) existed (allegedly) 1 billion years before expected - 3.5 billion year "cell division evidently identical to that of living filamentous prokaryotes." - And even older cyanobacteria! At 220 million years earlier than thought, per Nature's 3.7 billion year old dating of stromatolites! - The universe and life itself (in 2019 with the universe dated a billion, now, no, wait, two billion!, years younger than previously thought, that's not only squeezing biological but also astronomical evolution, with the overall story getting really tight) - Mantis shrimp, with its rudimentary color but advanced UV vision, is allegedly ancient. - Hadrosaur teeth, all 1400 of them, were "more complex than those of cows, horses, and other well-known modern grazers." Professor stunned by the find! (RSR predicts that, by 2030 just to put an end date on it, more fossils will be found from the geologic column that will be more "advanced" as compared to living organisms, just like this hadrosaur and like the allegedly 100M year old hagfish  fossil having more slime glands than living specimens.)  - Trace fossils "exquisitely preserved" of mobile organisms (motility) dated at 2.1 billion years ago, a full 1.5 billion earlier than previously believed - Various multicellular organisms allegedly 2.1 billion years old, show multicellularity 1.5 billion years sooner than long believed   - Pre-sauropod 26,000-pound dinosaur "shows us that even as far back as 200 million years ago, these animals had already become the largest vertebrates to ever walk the Earth." - The Evo-devo squeeze, i.e., evolutionary developmental biology, as with rsr.org/evo-devo-undermining-darwinism. - Extinct Siberian one-horned rhinos coexisted with mankind. - Whale "evolution" is being crushed in the industry-wide "big squeeze". First, geneticist claims whales evolved from hippos but paleontologists say hippos evolved tens of millions of years too late! And what's worse than that is that fossil finds continue to compress the time available for whale evolution. To not violate its own plot, the Darwinist story doesn't start animals evolving back into the sea until the cast includes land animals suitable to undertake the legendary journey. The recent excavation of whale fossils on an island of the Antarctic Peninsula further compresses the already absurdly fast 10 million years to allegedly evolve from the land back to the sea, down to as little as one million years. BioOne in 2016 reported a fossil that is "among the oldest occurrences of basilosaurids worldwide, indicating a rapid radiation and dispersal of this group since at least the early middle Eocene." By this assessment, various techniques produced various published dates. (See the evidence that falsifies the canonical whale evolution story at rsr.org/whales.) * Ancient Hierarchical Insect Society: "Thanks to some well-preserved remains, researchers now believe arthropod social structures have been around longer than anyone ever imagined. The encased specimens of ants and termites recently studied date back [allegedly] 100 million years." Also from the video about "the bubonic plague", the "disease is well known as a Middle Ages mass killer... Traces of very similar bacteria were found on [an allegedly] 20-million-year-old flea trapped in amber." And regarding "Caribbean lizards... Even though they are [allegedly] 20 million years old, the reptiles inside the golden stones were not found to differ from their contemporary counterparts in any significant way. Scientists attribute the rarity [Ha! A rarity or the rule? Check out rsr.org/stasis.] to stable ecological surroundings." * Squeezing and Rewriting Human History: Some squeezing simply makes aspects of the Darwinian story harder to maintain while other squeezing contradicts fundamental claims. So consider the following discoveries, most of which came from about a 12-month period beginning in 2017 which squeeze (and some even falsify) the Out-of-Africa model: - find two teeth and rewrite human history with allegedly 9.7 million-year-old teeth found in northern Europe (and they're like Lucy, but "three times older") - date blue eyes, when humans first sported them, to as recently as 6,000 years ago   - get mummy DNA and rewrite human history with a thousand years of ancient Egyptian mummy DNA contradicting Out-of-Africa and demonstrating Out-of-Babel - find a few footprints and rewrite human history with allegedly 5.7 million-year-old human footprints in Crete - re-date an old skull and rewrite human history with a very human skull dated at 325,000 years old and redated in the Journal of Physical Anthropology at about 260,000 years old and described in the UK's Independent, "A skull found in China [40 years ago] could re-write our entire understanding of human evolution." - date the oldest language in India, Dravidian, with 80 derivatives spoken by 214 million people, which appeared on the subcontinent only about 4,500 years ago, which means that there is no evidence for human language for nearly 99% of the time that humans were living in Asia. (Ha! See rsr.org/origin-of-language for the correct explanation.) - sequence a baby's genome and rewrite human history with a 6-week old girl buried in Alaska allegedly 11,500 years ago challenging the established history of the New World. (The family buried this baby girl just beneath their home like the practice in ancient Mesopotamia, the Hebrews who sojourned in Egypt, and in Çatalhöyük in southern Turkey, one of the world's most ancient settlements.) - or was that 130,000? years ago as the journal Nature rewrites human history with a wild date for New World site - and find a jawbone and rewrite human history with a modern looking yet allegedly 180,000-year-old jawbone from Israel which "may rewrite the early migration story of our species" by about 100,000 years, per the journal Science - re-date a primate and lose yet another "missing link" between "Lucy" and humans, as Homo naledi sheds a couple million years off its age and drops from supposedly two million years old to (still allegedly) about 250,000 years old, far too "young" to be the allegedly missing link - re-analysis of the "best candidate" for the most recent ancestor to human beings, Australopithecus sediba, turns out to be a juvenile Lucy-like ape, as Science magazine reports work presented at the American Association of Physical Anthropologists 2017 annual meeting - find skulls in Morocco and "rewrite human history" admits the journal Nature, falsifying also the "East Africa" part of the canonical story - and from the You Can't Make This Stuff Up file, NPR reports in April 2019, Ancient Bones And Teeth Found In A Philippine Cave May Rewrite Human History. :) - Meanwhile, whereas every new discovery requires the materialists to rewrite human history, no one has had to rewrite Genesis, not even once. Yet, "We're not claiming that the Bible is a science textbook. Not at all. For the textbooks have to be rewritten all the time!"  - And even this from Science: "humans mastered the art of training and controlling dogs thousands of years earlier than previously thought."- RSR's Enyart commented on the Smithsonian's 2019 article on ancient DNA possibly deconstructing old myths...  This Smithsonian article about an ancient DNA paper in Science Advances, or actually, about the misuse of such papers, was itself a misuse. The published research, Ancient DNA sheds light on the genetic origins of early Iron Age Philistines, confirmed Amos 9:7 by documenting the European origin of the biblical Philistines who came from the island of Caphtor/Crete. The mainstream media completely obscured this astounding aspect of the study but the Smithsonian actually stood the paper on its head. [See also rsr.org/archaeology.]* Also Squeezing Darwin's Theory: - Evolution happens so slowly that we can't see it, yet - it happens so fast that millions of mutations get fixed in a blink of geologic time AND: - Observing a million species annually should show us a million years of evolution, but it doesn't, yet - evolution happens so fast that the billions of "intermediary" fossils are missing AND: - Waiting for helpful random mutations to show up explains the slowness of evolution, yet - adaption to changing environments is often immediate, as with Darwin's finches Finches Adapt in 17 Years, Not 2.3 Million: Charles Darwin's finches are claimed to have taken 2,300,000 years to diversify from an initial species blown onto the Galapagos Islands. Yet individuals from a single finch species on a U.S. Bird Reservation in the Pacific were introduced to a group of small islands 300 miles away and in at most 17 years, like Darwin's finches, they had diversified their beaks, related muscles, and behavior to fill various ecological niches. So Darwin's finches could diversify in just 17 years, and after 2.3 million more years, what had they evolved into? Finches! Hear this also at rsr.org/lee-spetner and see Jean Lightner's review of the Grants' 40 Years. AND: - Fossils of modern organisms are found "earlier" and "earlier" in the geologic column, and - the "oldest" organisms are increasingly found to have anatomical, proteinaceous, prokaryotic, and eukaryotic sophistication and similarity to "modern" organisms AND: - Small populations are in danger of extinction (yet they're needed to fix mutations), whereas - large populations make it impossible for a mutation to become standard AND: - Mutations that express changes too late in an organism's development can't effect its fundamental body plan, and - mutations expressed too early in an organism's development are fatal (hence among the Enyart sayings, "Like evolving a vital organ, most major hurdles for evolutionary theory are extinction-level events.") AND: - To evolve flight, you'd get bad legs - long before you'd get good wings AND: - Most major evolutionary hurdles appear to be extinction-level events- yet somehow even *vital* organs evolve (for many species, that includes reproductive organs, skin, brain, heart, circulatory system, kidney, liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, lungs -- which are only a part of the complex respiration system) AND: - Natural selection of randomly taller, swifter, etc., fish, mammals, etc. explains evolution yet - development of microscopic molecular machines, feedback mechanisms, etc., which power biology would be oblivous to what's happening in Darwin's macro environment of the entire organism AND: - Neo-Darwinism suggests genetic mutation as the engine of evolution yet - the there is not even a hypothesis for modifying the vast non-genetic information in every living cell including the sugar code, electrical code, the spatial (geometric) code, and the epigenetic code AND: - Constant appeals to "convergent" evolution (repeatedly arising vision, echolocation, warm-bloodedness, etc.) - undermine most Darwinian anatomical classification especially those based on trivialities like odd or even-toed ungulates, etc. AND: - Claims that given a single species arising by abiogenesis, then - Darwinism can explain the diversification of life, ignores the science of ecology and the (often redundant) biological services that species rely upon AND: - humans' vastly superior intelligence indicates, as bragged about for decades by Darwinists, that ape hominids should have the greatest animal intelligence, except that - many so-called "primitive" creatures and those far distant on Darwin's tee of life, exhibit extraordinary rsr.org/animal-intelligence even to processing stimuli that some groups of apes cannot AND: - Claims that the tree of life emerges from a single (or a few) common ancestors - conflict with the discoveries of multiple genetic codes and of thousands of orphan genes that have no similarity (homology) to any other known genes AND (as in the New Scientist cover story, "Darwin Was Wrong about the tree of life", etc.): - DNA sequences have contradicted anatomy-based ancestry claims - Fossil-based ancestry claims have been contradicted by RNA claims - DNA-based ancestry claims have been contradicted by anatomy claims - Protein-based ancestry claims have been contradicted by fossil claims. - And the reverse problem compared to a squeeze. Like finding the largest mall in America built to house just a kid's lemonade stand, see rsr.org/200 for the astounding lack of genetic diversity in humans, plants, and animals, so much so that it could all be accounted for in just about 200 generations! - The multiplied things that evolved multiple times - Etc. * List of Ways Darwinists Invent their Tree of Life, aka Pop Goes the Weasle – Head and Shoulders, Knees and Toes: Evolutionists change their selection of what evidence they use to show 'lineage', from DNA to fossils to genes to body plans to teeth to many specific anatomical features to proteins to behavior to developmental similarities to habitat to RNA, etc. and to a combination of such. Darwinism is an entire endeavor based on selection bias, a kind of logical fallacy. By anti-science they arbitrarily select evidence that best matches whichever evolutionary story is currently preferred." -Bob E. The methodology used to create the family tree edifice to show evolutionary relationships classifies the descent of organisms based on such attributes as odd-toed and even-toed ungulates. Really? If something as wildly sophisticated as vision allegedly evolved multiple times (a dozen or more), then for cryin' out loud, why couldn't something as relatively simple as odd or even toes repeatedly evolve? How about dinosaur's evolving eggs with hard shells? Turns out that "hard-shelled eggs evolved at least three times independently in dinosaurs" (Nature, 2020). However, whether a genus has an odd or even number of toes, and similar distinctions, form the basis for the 150-year-old Darwinist methodology. Yet its leading proponents still haven't acknowledged that their tree building is arbitrary and invalid. Darwin's tree recently fell anyway, and regardless, it has been known to be even theoretically invalid all these many decades. Consider also bipedalism? In their false paradigm, couldn't that evolve twice? How about vertebrate and non-vertebrates, for that matter, evolving multiple times? Etc., etc., etc. Darwinists determine evolutionary family-tree taxonomic relationships based on numbers of toes, when desired, or on hips (distinguishing, for example, dinosaur orders, until they didn't) or limb bones, or feathers, or genes, or fossil sequence, or neck bone, or..., or..., or... Etc. So the platypus, for example, can be described as evolving from pretty much whatever story would be in vogue at the moment...   * "Ancient" Protein as Advanced as Modern Protein: A book review in the journal Science states, "the major conclusion is reached that 'analyses made of the oldest fossils thus far studied do not suggest that their [allegedly 145-million year-old] proteins were chemically any simpler than those now being produced.'" 1972, Biochemistry of Animal Fossils, p. 125 * "Ancient" Lampreys Just Modern Lampreys with Decomposed Brain and Mouth Parts: Ha! Researches spent half-a-year documenting how fish decay. RSR is so glad they did! One of the lessons learned? "[C]ertain parts of the brain and the mouth that distinguish the animals from earlier relatives begin a rapid decay within 24 hours..." :) * 140-million Year Old Spider Web: The BBC and National Geographic report on a 140-million year old spider web in amber which, as young-earth creationists expect, shows threads that resemble silk spun by modern spiders. Evolutionary scientists on the otherhand express surprise "that spider webs have stayed the same for 140 million years." And see the BBC. * Highly-Credentialed Though Non-Paleontologist on Flowers: Dr. Harry Levin who spent the last 15 years of a brilliant career researching paleontology presents much evidence that flowering plants had to originate not 150 million years ago but more than 300 million years ago. (To convert that to an actual historical timeframe, the evidence indicates flowers must have existed prior to the time that the strata, which is popularly dated to 300 mya, actually formed.) * Rampant Convergence: Ubiquitous appeals to "convergent" evolution (vision, echolocation, warm-bloodedness, icthyosaur/dolphin anatomy, etc.), all allegedly evolving multiple times, undermines anatomical classification based on trivialities like odd or even-toed ungulates, etc. * Astronomy's Big Evolution Squeeze: - Universe a billion, wait, two billion, years younger than thought   (so now it has to evolve even more impossibly rapidly) - Sun's evolution squeezes biological evolution - Galaxies evolving too quickly - Dust evolving too quickly - Black holes evolving too quickly - Clusters of galaxies evolving too quickly. * The Sun's Evolution Squeezes Life's Evolution: The earlier evolutionists claim that life began on Earth, the more trouble they have with astrophysicists. Why? They claim that a few billion years ago the Sun would have been far more unstable and cooler. The journal Nature reports that the Faint young Sun paradox remains for the "Sun was fainter when the Earth was young, but the climate was generally at least as warm as today". Further, our star would shoot out radioactive waves many of which being violent enough to blow out Earth's atmosphere into space, leaving Earth dead and dry like Mars without an atmosphere. And ignoring the fact that powerful computer simulators cannot validate the nebula theory of star formation, if the Sun had formed from a condensing gas cloud, a billion years later it still would have been emitting far less energy, even 30% less, than it does today. Forget about the claimed one-degree increase in the planet's temperature from man-made global warming, back when Darwinists imagine life arose, by this just-so story of life spontaneously generating in a warm pond somewhere (which itself is impossible), the Earth would have been an ice ball, with an average temperature of four degrees Fahrenheit below freezing! See also CMI's video download The Young Sun. * Zircons Freeze in Molten Eon Squeezing Earth's Evolution? Zircons "dated" 4 to 4.4 billion years old would have had to freeze (form) when the Earth allegedly was in its Hadean (Hades) Eon and still molten. Geophysicist Frank Stacey (Cambridge fellow, etc.) has suggested they may have formed above ocean trenches where it would be coolest. One problem is that even further squeezes the theory of plate tectonics requiring it to operate two billion years before otherwise claimed. A second problem (for these zircons and the plate tectonics theory itself) is that ancient trenches (now filled with sediments; others raised up above sea level; etc.) have never been found. A third problem is that these zircons contain low isotope ratios of carbon-13 to carbon-12 which evolutionists may try to explain as evidence for life existing even a half-billion years before they otherwise claim. For more about this (and to understand how these zircons actually did form) just click and then search (ctrl-f) for: zircon character. * Evolution Squeezes Life to Evolve with Super Radioactivity: Radioactivity today breaks chromosomes and produces neutral, harmful, and fatal birth defects. Dr. Walt Brown reports that, "A 160-pound person experiences 2,500 carbon-14 disintegrations each second", with about 10 disintergrations per second in our DNA. Worse for evolutionists is that, "Potassium-40 is the most abundant radioactive substance in... every living thing." Yet the percentage of Potassium that was radioactive in the past would have been far in excess of its percent today. (All this is somewhat akin to screws in complex machines changing into nails.) So life would have had to arise from inanimate matter (an impossibility of course) when it would have been far more radioactive than today. * Evolution of Uranium Squeezed by Contrasting Constraints: Uranium's two most abundant isotopes have a highly predictable ratio with 235U/238U equaling 0.007257 with a standard deviation of only 0.000017. Big bang advocates claim that these isotopes formed in distant stellar cataclysms. Yet that these isotopes somehow collected in innumerable small ore bodies in a fixed ratio is absurd. The impossibility of the "big bang" explanation of the uniformity of the uranium ratio (rsr.org/bb#ratio) simultaneously contrasts in the most shocking way with its opposite impossibility of the missing uniform distribution of radioactivity (see rsr.org/bb#distribution) with 90% of Earth's radioactivity in the Earth's crust, actually, the continental crust, and even at that, preferentially near granite! A stellar-cataclysmic explanation within the big bang paradigm for the origin of uranium is severely squeezed into being falsified by these contrasting constraints. * Remarkable Sponges? Yes, But For What Reason? Study co-author Dr. Kenneth S. Kosik, the Harriman Professor of Neuroscience at UC Santa Barbara said, "Remarkably, the sponge genome now reveals that, along the way toward the emergence of animals, genes for an entire network of many specialized cells evolved and laid the basis for the core gene logic of organisms that no longer functioned as single cells." And then there's this: these simplest of creatures have manufacturing capabilities that far exceed our own, as Degnan says, "Sponges produce an amazing array of chemicals of direct interest to the pharmaceutical industry. They also biofabricate silica fibers directly from seawater in an environmentally benign manner, which is of great interest in communications [i.e., fiber optics]. With the genome in hand, we can decipher the methods used by these simple animals to produce materials that far exceed our current engineering and chemistry capabilities." Kangaroo Flashback: From our RSR Darwin's Other Shoe program: The director of Australia's Kangaroo Genomics Centre, Jenny Graves, that "There [are] great chunks of the human genome… sitting right there in the kangaroo genome." And the 20,000 genes in the kangaroo (roughly the same number as in humans) are "largely the same" as in people, and Graves adds, "a lot of them are in the same order!" CMI's Creation editors add that "unlike chimps, kangaroos are not supposed to be our 'close relatives.'" And "Organisms as diverse as leeches and lawyers are 'built' using the same developmental genes." So Darwinists were wrong to use that kind of genetic similarity as evidence of a developmental pathway from apes to humans. Hibernating Turtles: Question to the evolutionist: What happened to the first turtles that fell asleep hibernating underwater? SHOW UPDATE Of Mice and Men: Whereas evolutionists used a very superficial claim of chimpanzee and human genetic similarity as evidence of a close relationship, mice and men are pretty close also. From the Human Genome Project, How closely related are mice and humans?, "Mice and humans (indeed, most or all mammals including dogs, cats, rabbits, monkeys, and apes) have roughly the same number of nucleotides in their genomes -- about 3 billion base pairs. This comparable DNA content implies that all mammals [RSR: like roundworms :)] contain more or less the same number of genes, and indeed our work and the work of many others have provided evidence to confirm that notion. I know of only a few cases in which no mouse counterpart can be found for a particular human gene, and for the most part we see essentially a one-to-one correspondence between genes in the two species." * Related RSR Reports: See our reports on the fascinating DNA sequencing results from roundworms and the chimpanzee's Y chromosome! * Genetic Bottleneck, etc: Here's an excerpt from rsr.org/why-was-canaan-cursed... A prediction about the worldwide distribution of human genetic sequencing (see below) is an outgrowth of the Bible study at that same link (aka rsr.org/canaan), in that scientists will discover a genetic pattern resulting from not three but four sons of Noah's wife. Relevant information comes also from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which is not part of any of our 46 chromosomes but resides outside of the nucleus. Consider first some genetic information about Jews and Arabs, Jewish priests, Eve, and Noah. Jews and Arabs Biblical Ancestry: Dr. Jonathan Sarfati quotes the director of the Human Genetics Program at New York University School of Medicine, Dr. Harry Ostrer, who in 2000 said: Jews and Arabs are all really children of Abraham … And all have preserved their Middle Eastern genetic roots over 4,000 years. This familiar pattern, of the latest science corroborating biblical history, continues in Dr. Sarfati's article, Genesis correctly predicts Y-Chromosome pattern: Jews and Arabs shown to be descendants of one man. Jewish Priests Share Genetic Marker: The journal Nature in its scientific correspondence published, Y Chromosomes of Jewish Priests, by scie

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Extremer Rückgang beim weltweiten Wasservorrat +++ Neuer Flugsaurier in Bayern entdeckt +++ Bescheidenheit sorgt für mehr Vertrauen in die Forschung +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:An Abrupt Decline in Global Terrestrial Water Storage and Its Relationship with Sea Level Change, Surveys in Geophysics , 4.11. 2024A new and large monofenestratan reveals the evolutionary transition to the pterodactyloid pterosaurs, Current Biology, 18.11. 2024The effect of seeing scientists as intellectually humble on trust in scientists and their research, Nature Human Behaviour, 18.11. 2024Multianalytical investigation reveals psychotropic substances in a ptolemaic Egyptian vase, Scientific Reports, 13.11. 2024Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss, Nature, 18.11. 2024Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

Canadian bird flu case raises potential pandemic concernsA teen in BC critically ill with H5N1 bird flu has raised concerns about a new pandemic, since it's not clear how they acquired the virus. Researchers are closely monitoring the virus as it spreads, primarily among animals for changes that could indicate it spreading more easily in humans. Matthew Miller, the Canada Research Chair of Viral Pandemics from McMaster University, says the timing of this case is particularly concerning given the potential for influenza viruses to mix now that we're heading into flu season and wild birds are migrating. Sighted and blind people can learn to echolocate equally wellEcholocation — using sound reflections to sense surroundings — is best known among animals like bats and dolphins. But many blind people have also learned to echolocate, and a new study has shown that sighted people can learn to do it just as effectively as those without sight. Dr. Lore Thaler, a professor in psychology and director of the human echolocation lab at Durham University in England, and her team published their findings in the journal Cerebral Cortex. An elephant's shower shows sophisticated tool useAn elephant at the Berlin Zoo has learned to manipulate hoses to wash herself, and is fascinating researchers, including Humboldt University PhD student Lena Kaufmann, who is investigating tool use in non-human animals. In a recent study, published in the journal Current Biology, Kaufmann and colleagues gave Mary the elephant different hoses to test her abilities, and she quickly either adapted to use the hoses to meet her end goal, or got frustrated when the hoses didn't work and bit the hose in anger. What's also interesting is a companion pachyderm that has apparently learned to sabotage these showers by kinking the hose. Pesticides used on farms attract bumblebee queens, not to their benefitResearchers were surprised and disturbed to discover that in tests, young queen bumblebees hibernated in pesticide-contaminated soils. During her PhD studies at the University of Guelph, Dr. Sabrina Rondeau found that bumblebee (Bombus impatiens) queens seemed to prefer soil samples containing pesticides, even when presented with a pesticide free soil option. They're not clear on why the bees would prefer soils with pesticides, but are concerned with the impact this might have on their reproduction and survival. The study is published in the journal Science of the Total Environment.A writer speaks for the trees, and says we have much in common with themThere are about three trillion trees on our planet — about four hundred for each of us. And we literally couldn't live without them. They take in millions of tons of carbon dioxide each year, and provide us with oxygen. Saving our forests is a big step toward saving our planet from the challenges from climate change. Dr. Daniel Lewis, an environmental historian at the Huntington Library in San Marino, California writes about just twelve of the the most exotic, important and interesting species we share the Earth with in his book The Twelve Trees: The Deep Roots of our Future.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Gegen Haiangriffe: Licht am Surfbrett anmachen +++ Stress und Erschöpfung machen aggressiv +++ Warum der Titanwurz so stinkt +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Counterillumination reduces bites by Great White sharks, Current Biology, 11.11.24Prolonged exertion of self-control causes increased sleep-like frontal brain activity and changes in aggressivity and punishment, PNAS, 11.11.24Molecular basis for thermogenesis and volatile production in the titan arum, PNAS nexus, 04.11.24Cordycepin generally inhibits growth factor signal transduction in a systems pharmacology study, FEBS Letters, 07.11.24First discovery of Antarctic amber, Antarctic Science, 12.11.24Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Mikroplastik verändert wohl Wolkenbildung +++ Steigende Zahl von Privatflügen belastet das Klima +++ Was Auf-einem- Bein-stehen über das Altern verrät +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Was bedeuten Trump und Ampel-Aus fürs Klima?/ Update Erde, 08.11.2024Device-Measured 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Blood Pressure: A 6-Part Compositional Individual Participant Data Analysis in the ProPASS Consortium/ Circulation, 06.11.2024Pristine and Aged Microplastics Can Nucleate Ice through Immersion Freezing/ American Chemical Society, 07.11.2024Ancient DNA challenges prevailing interpretations of the Pompeii plaster casts/ Current Biology, 07.11.2024Private aviation is making a growing contribution to climate change/ Communications Earth and Environment, 07.11.2024Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

What if the timing of your meals is as crucial as what you're eating? In today's episode, I dive into the powerful connection between meal timing and your body's natural rhythm—and why it matters more than most of us realize. Breaking down the science behind circadian rhythms, I look at how eating earlier in the day supports better digestion, metabolism, and even mental clarity. Studies show that eating late not only disrupts sleep but can also lead to weight gain and a slower metabolism. So, we're going to break down why shifting calories to the first part of the day—following the body's natural peak energy and digestive power—can transform your energy, mood, and long-term wellness. Drawing on ancient wisdom from Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine, we see how these systems have always advocated for aligning meal timing with nature's rhythms. Both recognize that eating in sync with your body's energy peaks and dips has the potential to support everything from digestion to balanced energy and stable weight. This episode is a return to basics: respecting the body's natural flow for real, sustainable health.  If you're looking to feel more in tune, support your metabolism, and bring ease to your routine, let's rethink not just what's on the plate, but when it hits the plate. We Also Discuss:   (01:57) — The Science of Meal Timing (05:08) — Circadian Rhythm's Influence on Metabolism and Energy Use (12:36) — Morning Calories for Weight Loss and Metabolic Support (18:23) — Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine on Meal Timing (25:22) —  Breakfast Like a King, Light Dinner for Energy Balance (29:01) — Practical Tips for Aligning Meal Times with Your Natural Rhythms   And more…   Don't forget: You can order now by heading to darinolien.com/fatal-conveniences-book or order now on Amazon.   Thank You to our Sponsors: Therasage: Go to www.therasage.com and use code DARIN at checkout for 15% off   Find more from Darin: Website: https://darinolien.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/Darinolien/ Book: https://darinolien.com/fatal-conveniences-book/ Down to Earth: https://darinolien.com/down-to-earth/   Bibliography:   Garaulet, M., Gómez‐Abellán, P., Alburquerque-Béjar, J., Lee, Y., Ordovás, J., & Scheer, F. (2013). Timing of food intake predicts weight loss effectiveness. International Journal of Obesity, 37, 604–611. Link Wehrens, S., Christou, S., Isherwood, C., Middleton, B., Gibbs, M., Archer, S., ... & Johnston, J. (2017). Meal Timing Regulates the Human Circadian System. Current Biology, 27(12), 1768-1775.e3. Link Xiao, Q., Garaulet, M., & Scheer, F. (2018). Meal timing and obesity; interactions with macronutrient intake and chronotype. International journal of obesity (2005), 43, 1701–1711. Link Ravussin, E., Beyl, R., Poggiogalle, E., Hsia, D., & Peterson, C. (2019). Early Time-Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation but Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 27(8), 1244-1254. Link Gu, C., Brereton, N., Schweitzer, A., Cotter, M., Børsheim, E., Wolfe, R., & Jun, J. (2019). Effect of Dinner Timing on Nocturnal Metabolism in Healthy Volunteers. Sleep, 36(7), 981–990. Link Bray, M., & Young, M. (2009). The role of cell-specific circadian clocks in metabolism and disease. Obesity Reviews. Link. Mohawk, J., Green, C., & Takahashi, J. (2012). Central and peripheral circadian clocks in mammals. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 35, 445-462. Link. Finger, A.-M., Dibner, C., & Kramer, A. (2020). Coupled network of the circadian clocks: a driving force of rhythmic physiology. FEBS Letters. Link. Petrenko, V., Gosmain, Y., & Dibner, C. (2017). High-resolution recording of the circadian oscillator in primary mouse α- and β-cell culture. Frontiers in Endocrinology. Link. Summa, K. C., & Turek, F. (2014). Chronobiology and obesity: Interactions between circadian rhythms and energy regulation. Advances in Nutrition, 5(3), 312S-319S. Link. Puranik, A., & Patwardhan, B. (2012). Ayurveda and Metabolic Diseases. Link. Yang, S., Yang, H., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Yao-Shan of traditional Chinese medicine: an old story for metabolic health. Frontiers in Pharmacology. Link. Xu, L., Zhao, W., Wang, D., & Ma, X. (2018). Chinese Medicine in the Battle Against Obesity and Metabolic Diseases. Frontiers in Physiology. Link. Takahashi, M., Ozaki, M., & Kang, M. (2018). Effects of Meal Timing on Postprandial Glucose Metabolism and Blood Metabolites in Healthy Adults. Nutrients. Link.  

Summary: Do plants eat meat? Yes they do! Join Kiersten as she discusses the diet of Nepenthes which includes more than just meat.   For my hearing impaired listeners, a complete transcript of this podcast follows the show notes on Podbean   Show Notes: “Caught in a Trap,” The Biologist 62(2) p12-14. “Nepenthes lowii: the carnivorous plant that evolved into a toilet,” by Paul Simons. The Guardian, April 2023. https://www.theguardian.com “Bats Are Acoustically Attracted to Mutualistic Carnivorous Plants,” by Michael G. Schoner, Caroline R Schoner, Ralph Simon, T. Ulmar Grafe, Sebastian J. Puechmaille, Liaw Lin Ji, Gerald Kerth. Current Biology, Volume 25, Issue 14, 20 July 2015, Pgs 1911-1916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.054 Music written and performed by Katherine Camp   Transcript (Piano music plays) Kiersten - This is Ten Things I Like About…a ten minute, ten episode podcast about unknown or misunderstood wildlife. (Piano music stops) Welcome to Ten Things I Like About… I'm Kiersten, your host, and this is a podcast about misunderstood or unknown creatures in nature. Some we'll find right out side our doors and some are continents away but all are fascinating.  This podcast will focus ten, ten minute episodes on different animals and their amazing characteristics. Please join me on this extraordinary journey, you won't regret it. The fourth thing I like about Nepenthes is its diet. These are not your typical plants. Sunlight is not the only thing on the menu. I have spoken of a portion of the diet in the previous episodes, so we all know that Nepenthes eats meat. But before we jump into that portion of their diet let's look at the other half of their diet. It's this half that led to the need for the meat eating side of Nepenthes nutrition. Nepenthes is like other plants that use photosynthesis to grow. I don't know about all of you listeners, but it has been a minute since 6th grade science class, so here is a refresher on how photosynthesis works.  Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create sugars that they can utilize to survive. Plants take in carbon dioxide through small holes in the leaves, stems, flowers, and other parts of the plant. They will combine that with water, usually absorbed through the roots, and sunlight. The sunlight is the energy that helps the plant combine the carbon dioxide and the water together to create glucose which they use as food to grow big and strong. If they only need those three things, what's up with the soil? Soil offers plants minerals that they need to boost their health and growth.  Plants can live without it but to reproduce successfully they need an extra kick. The need for this extra kick is why Nepenthes evolved to eat meat.  Most Nepenthes species grow in nutrient poor soil or no soil at all. So they evolved to get the extra minerals they need from another source.  How do you catch prey if you don't have teeth or claws and you are rooted in place? Well, you bring the prey to you! Nepenthes developed pitcher traps to attract and catch prey without having to use teeth and claws or roam about searching for prey. The pitcher develops from tendrils that grow as the plant matures. Tendrils will emerge from the midline of leaves and as it matures the tip of the tendril will begin to inflate with air. Once it has inflated to the desired size, which depends on the species and whether it is a lower pitcher or an aerial pitcher, it will fill with liquid. The top of the pitcher will pop open when the pitcher is ready for use.  The pitchers of Nepenthes are classified as pitfall traps. This means that they are relying on insects falling into the pitcher and getting stuck inside. A pitfall trap is a trap that something falls into and cannot climb the walls to get out. So, how does this work for the Nepenthes pitcher? The pitcher will attract insects with the scent of pollen. Insects will investigate the trap searching for the source of the smell. There is no pollen to be found inside the pitcher so the insects will turn to leave and discover that they cannot. As they try to climb out, the waxy lining of the pitcher will flake away leaving the insect struggling to get out. But no upward motion is possible and the prey item eventually falls into the liquid at the bottom of the pitcher. The liquid is mainly water until prey falls in and sloshes the water around as it attempts to get out. The vibrations created by the struggle stimulate digestive glands which release a digestive acid. The acid is so strong that an insect the size of a midge will disappear completely within hours. Nepenthes rajah, one of the largest Nepenthes species, can digest mice! What are they getting from these digested insects and mammals? Nitrogen and phosphorus which are vital minerals for the healthy growth of the plant. Those of you that are gardeners probably recognize those elements as being important to plant survival. If you supplement your gardens with fertilizer the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus are extremely important.  Let's take a closer look at a specific Nepenthes species's hunting strategy. Nepenthes rafflesiana produces two different pitchers, upper and lower, like many pitches plants do. The uppers pitchers specialize in attracting flying insects while the lower pitchers focus on terrestrial insects. The upper pitchers are narrow and release fragrant compounds that mimic the scent of flowers. This attracts a wide range of rainforest pollinators that mistake the scent for a good snack. They will enter the pitcher in search of the source of the aroma and come in contact with sticky polysaccharides that coat the wings rendering them useless. The insects can't fly out and fall into the liquid to be digested. The lower pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana use a lining of wax crystals to trap terrestrial insects. It attracts mainly ants. When the ants enter the pitcher the wax crystals attach to the ant's feet preventing them from climbing out of the pitcher. It clings to the feet causing them to slip along the surface of the pitcher leading them to the liquid death below. Some Nepenthes are generalists and are happy to take whatever they can get in their traps, but remember competition for pollinators is fierce so some spices have become specialists. Nepenthes albomarginata has a band of white hairs just below the rim of its pitchers. These hairs are bait for termites. And this Nepenthes sure knows how to do it right. It can catch 20 termites per minute during a frenzied feast. Okay, now we're going to talk about what inspired me to report on Nepenthes for my podcast. Remember in the first episode when I said these plants fed on something unusual that gives a whole new twist on the term “potty mouth”? Well, here we go! Nepenthes rajah can digest mice and rats, but that's not what it's really shooting for when it attracts these animals. What is really wants is the rodents poop. Yep, that's right it wants the rodent to use its pitcher as a potty. The feces of these animals is high in nitrogen  and much easier to digest than the body of an insect or mammal.  Nepenthes lowii was the species that caught my eye when I was researching unusual plants. This plant has large pitchers that have evolved to attract mountain tree shrews that slip into the pitcher to lick a fatty substance that oozes from the lip of the pitcher. The shrew balance on the edge of the pitcher and as they eat they leave behind a deposit. There is some speculation that the substance emitted by the pitcher my have a laxative component that ensures the animal leaves behind a deposit before the depart.  Nepenthes hemsleyana attracts a specific animal to roost in its pitchers so it can collect poo all day long. The lid of this plant's pitcher is shaped specifically to reflect bat echolocation frequencies. Bats such as Hardwicke's Wooly Bat use echolocation to find acceptable day roosts. They search for the right reflection from a plant structure to indicate an acceptable daytime roost. Nepenthes hemsleyana had evolved to reflect the correct frequency luring the bat in to roost throughout the day. The bat will poop as they sleep the day away and the plant will catch it in the pitcher. Talk about a Bed and Breakfast! Can you believe it! This plant is so amazing!! I can go on about Nepenthes diets, but I've run over time already. I'm so glad you joined me for this episode of Nepenthes because my fourth favorite thing, honestly my most favorite thing, about them is their diet. If you're enjoying this podcast please recommend me to friends and family and take a moment to give me a rating on whatever platform your listening. It will help me reach more listeners and give the animals I talk about an even better chance at change.  Join me next week for another episode about Nepenthes.       (Piano Music plays)  This has been an episode of Ten Things I like About with Kiersten and Company. Original music written and performed by Katherine Camp, piano extraordinaire.

Canaries in the coal mine — a report on Canada's bird life is an environmental report cardUsing millions of observations, collected over 50 years, from bird watchers across the country, the conservation group Birds Canada and Environment and Climate Change Canada have released a report called The State of Canada's Birds. The big takeaways are that many bird species, such as grassland birds and arctic birds, are in trouble because of climate change, damage to habitat and other causes. The good news is that where we've made efforts at conservation, such as with birds of prey and waterfowl, it's working.Ants farm fungus, and have been doing it since the dinosaurs diedMany species of ant grow fungus for food in their colonies, feeding it on plant matter and carefully cultivating it to protect it from disease. And a new study, led by Smithsonian researcher Ted Schulz, has determined that this has been going on for at least 66 million years, and probably evolved as a strategy to survive the environmental catastrophe that followed the asteroid impact that annihilated the dinosaurs. The research was published in the journal Science.A Canadian group is exploring how to filter and destroy forever chemicals in our waterPFAS, a group of 15,000 synthetic chemicals that are also known as forever chemicals, are a tricky problem because they've spread everywhere and are hard to destroy. But a group from the University of British Columbia, led by chemical engineer Johan Foster, has found a way to efficiently capture the chemicals from water and break them down into harmless components. The research was published in the journal Nature Communications Engineering.It's two, two, two animals in one. Comb jellies can join their bodies togetherScientists studying a jellyfish-like animal called a ctenophore, or comb jelly, were shocked to discover that, when injured, two individual animals could fuse together. University of Colorado biologist Mariana Rodriguez-Santiago and her team found that the animals melded their nervous systems, and even their guts, while retaining individual features. The research was published in the journal Current Biology.Using the sea to soak up our excess carbon dioxideWe've released 1.5 trillion tons of carbon dioxide into our atmosphere. We may slow our emissions, but the CO2 we've already released will warm our planet for thousands of years. Which is why scientists are now trying to understand how we might safely attempt to remove it on a vast scale. Journalist Moira Donovan explores research into marine carbon dioxide removal, and how scientists are trying to understand if we can fix a problem they'd hoped we'd never face. Moira speaks with: Will Burt – Chief Ocean Scientist Planetary TechnologiesKatja Fennel – Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, HalifaxKai Schulz – Biological Oceanographer, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Australia Ruth Musgrave – Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax

The company is betting big on nuclear energy to meet increasing power needs of data centers and new technologies like AI. Also, new research into a strange fish known as the sea robin finds that leg-like appendages can “taste” prey buried in the sand.Microsoft Makes Deal To Restart Three Mile IslandThree Mile Island in Pennsylvania has quite a reputation in the world of nuclear energy: One of its reactors suffered a catastrophic partial meltdown in 1979, earning the title of the largest nuclear accident in US history. The failed reactor has been inoperable since the accident, while the other reactor shuttered in 2019.But now, tech giant Microsoft has made a deal with the nuclear site to reopen Three Mile Island, and purchase all of its generating capacity over the next 20 years. As Big Tech bets big on artificial intelligence, the need for electricity to power data centers is increasing tremendously. Former Microsoft CEO Bill Gates is a large investor in nuclear energy.To help Science Friday celebrate Climate Week NYC, Casey Crownhart, climate reporter for MIT Technology Review joins guest host Anna Rothschild to discuss this and other top climate stories of the week.These Fish Use Their Legs (Yes, Legs) To TasteYour legs may help you get around, but what if they could also help you sniff out a snack? That's a trick achieved by a fish called the sea robin. The fish, which lives on the seafloor, has an unusual appearance, with wing-like fins and leg-like appendages that it uses to walk along the ocean bottom. But in work published this week in the journal Current Biology, researchers report that those legs are also chemical sensing organs that can taste for prey buried under the sand.Dr. Nicholas Bellono, a professor of molecular and cellular biology at Harvard, first learned of the unusual fish on a visit to the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, where he was planning to obtain squid and octopus for another research project. MBL workers showed Bellono and colleagues the sea robin, and explained that they have a reputation for being able to locate hidden prey—to the point that other organisms will follow the sea robin, hoping to get in on the meal. The intrigued researchers brought some sea robins back to the lab, and began a series of experiments to better understand their prey-sniffing abilities.Bellono joins guest host Anna Rothschild to talk about the fish, the genetic adaptations that allow it to sense the world through its legs, and the value of serendipity and curiosity-driven research in the scientific world. Transcripts for each segment will be available after the show airs on sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Plus, to stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

A Central American lizard creates a bubble of air underwater to breatheSemi-aquatic lizards in the western rainforests of Central America have the ability to hide from predators underwater by breathing from a bubble of air they forms over its head. In a new study in the journal Biology Letters, ecologist Lindsey Swierk from New York State University at Binghamton, found that the lizards with this bubble-breathing trick could stay underwater for 30 per cent longer than the lizards without a bubble. A really weird fish walks on its fingers and tastes with them tooThe sea robin is a strange fish with wing-like fins and finger-like bony structures that it uses to prop itself up as it roams the ocean floor. New research from a team of scientists from Harvard and Stanford Universities, including Nick Bellono, looked at how these bizarre creatures use their legs to hone in on their prey. It turns out these funny finny fingers can also taste food in the sediment of the sea bottom. The research was published in the journal Current Biology.We can make our food production systems more stable by reintroducing natureA new study by a team of researchers at the University of Guelph suggests that removing large animals and destroying natural habitat is making our agricultural systems and fisheries more unstable and vulnerable to boom and bust cycles. But the study, published in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution, also suggests that restoring nature can help stabilize our food production to better feed the world's billions. Giant clams live off sunlight and could inspire solar power systems Working in the protected reefs of Palau, Dr. Alison Sweeney, associate professor of physics and of ecology and evolutionary biology at Yale University, was intrigued by the iridescence of the giant clams. Her team discovered that the giant clams tissues are optimized to channel sunlight to photosynthetic algae that live inside them. They work like solar panels, but far more efficiently than manufactured versions, providing inspiration for bio-inspired energy technology. The study was published in the journal PRX Energy.Plastic: Understanding the problem, and the struggle for a solutionPlastic is a miracle material, and one of the most useful innovations of the modern age. But its ubiquity and the durability that makes it so useful mean it's also becoming one of our biggest waste problems. Twenty years after he discovered microplastics on beaches around the UK, marine biologist Richard Thompson has just released a new study looking at what we've learned about these pervasive plastics, and urges scientists to turn their research focus towards solving the problem. We also speak with RJ Conk from the University of Berkeley about his work on vaporizing plastics down to their chemical building blocks, which could finally make real recycling a reality.

We rip off the unconvincing plastic mask to reveal the true gurus lurking underneath and discuss:Russian Propaganda and Influencer ScandalProfit Incentives in Alternative Media and the Need for DisclosureExcessive Profiteering and AdvertisingLex Fridman interviews Trump (with love)Trump and Anti-Vaxx Conspiracy TheoriesTrump and Kamala Debate Reactions and Heterodox TakesDestiny vs. the Low Bar of the Alternative MediaWhen Joe met BretRogan & Bret's Massive Projection and HypocrisyFinancial Incentives in Alternative MediaGabor Maté cites some Neuroimaging StudiesMatt's HUGE Correction on Twitter FundingThe University of Austin in Texas still exists!The full episode is available for Patreon subscribers (1 hr 47 mins).Join us at: https://www.patreon.com/DecodingTheGurusLinksLegal Eagle video on the Tenet Media scandalKanai, R., Feilden, T., Firth, C., & Rees, G. (2011). Political orientations are correlated with brain structure in young adults. Current Biology, 21(8), 677-680.Boekel, W., Wagenmakers, E. J., Belay, L., Verhagen, J., Brown, S., & Forstmann, B. U. (2015). A purely confirmatory replication study of structural brain-behavior correlations. cortex, 66, 115-133.Joe Rogan Experience #2198 - Bret WeinsteinDonald Trump Interview | Lex Fridman Podcast #442The Guardian: We each have a Nazi in us. We need to understand the psychological roots of authoritarianism. Gabor Maté.

Octopuses and humans have very little in common. It's not just a matter of their eight limbs and cool camouflage—we haven't had a shared ancestor for more than half a billion years, before dinosaurs walked the earth. But there's one surprising thing we do seem to share: MDMA makes us both a lot cuddlier. For neuroscientist Gül Dölen, this was a huge insight into the powerful role psychoactive drugs can play in animal social behavior. Now a pioneer in the burgeoning field of psychedelic research at UC Berkeley, Dölen discusses her quest to understand how these drugs could be harnessed as tools in learning and therapeutics. Further reading: Gül Dölen's 2019 Nature paper “Oxytocin-dependent reopening of a social reward learning critical period with MDMA”Gül Dölen's 2018 Current Biology paper “A Conserved Role for Serotonergic Neurotransmission in Mediating Social Behavior in Octopus”UC Berkeley Center for the Science of Psychedelics launches new online course on “Psychedelics and the Mind”Altered States, a new podcast from from PRX and the UC Berkeley Center for the Science of Psychedelics about “what science can tell us about psychedelics and what psychedelics can tell us about ourselves”This episode was written and hosted by Leah Worthington and produced by Coby McDonald. Special thanks to Pat Joseph, Nathalia Alcantara, and Gül Dölen. Art by Michiko Toki and original music by Mogli Maureal. Additional music from Blue Dot Sessions.

Energetic Health Institute Radio with Jolene Goring, CHN – A study published in Current Biology shows that consistent daily routines can improve sleep quality and overall health. By regulating our internal body clocks, known as circadian rhythms, we can enhance our mood, productivity, and physical health. Daily routines provide structure and consistency, which are vital for maintaining mental and physical health...

Energetic Health Institute Radio with Jolene Goring, CHN – A study published in Current Biology shows that consistent daily routines can improve sleep quality and overall health. By regulating our internal body clocks, known as circadian rhythms, we can enhance our mood, productivity, and physical health. Daily routines provide structure and consistency, which are vital for maintaining mental and physical health...

To celebrate 200 episodes we test each other on how well we remember them, before diving in to a paper about urban water snakes. Become a Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/herphighlights Merch: https://www.redbubble.com/people/herphighlights/shop Full reference list available here: http://www.herphighlights.podbean.com Main Paper References: Mészáros B, Bürgés J, Tamás M, Gál B, Schmera D, Hamer AJ. 2024. Urban oasis? Abundant dice snake (Natrix tessellata) populations along artificial lakeside habitats in urban landscapes. Landscape Ecology 39:124. DOI: 10.1007/s10980-024-01917-w. Other Mentioned Papers/Studies: Fondren A, Swierk L, Putman BJ. 2020. Clothing color mediates lizard responses to humans in a tropical forest. Biotropica 52:172–181. DOI: 10.1111/btp.12744. Rai TP. 2020. An Elongated Tortoise Attempting to Prey on a Buff-striped Keelback the Turtle Rescue and Conservation Centre in Eastern Nepal. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27:297–299. Brock KM, Chelini M-C, Ayton C, Madden IE, Ramos C, Blois JL, Pafilis P, Edwards DL. 2022. Colour morph predicts social behaviour and contest outcomes in a polymorphic lizard (Podarcis erhardii). Animal Behaviour 191:91–103. DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.06.017. Nirody JA, Jinn J, Libby T, Lee TJ, Jusufi A, Hu DL, Full RJ. 2018. Geckos Race Across the Water's Surface Using Multiple Mechanisms. Current Biology 28:4046-4051.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.064. Editing and Music: Podcast edited by Wojciech– https://www.fiverr.com/buczar  Intro/outro – Treehouse by Ed Nelson Species Bi-week theme – Michael Timothy Other Music – The Passion HiFi, https://www.thepassionhifi.com

Chimpanzees are humans' closest living relatives. But does much of their communication resembles ours? According to a new study published earlier this week in the journal Current Biology, chimpanzees gesture back-and-forth in a similar way to how humans take turns speaking. The research presents an intriguing possibility that this style of communication may have evolved before humans split off from great apes, and tells researchers more about how turn-taking evolved. Interested in more science news? Email us at shortwave@npr.org.Listen to Short Wave on Spotify and Apple Podcasts.Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoicesNPR Privacy Policy

The gang discusses two papers that study ecological changes in the evolutionary history of some charismatic ancient animal groups. The first paper uses geographic data to infer the timing of the evolution of homeothermy in non-avian dinosaur groups, and the second paper looks at the mechanisms by which cats (and cat-like animals) developed saber teeth. Meanwhile, Curt makes some plans for Amanda, James muddles things over, and Amanda could use another.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at how where animals live can change how they look and also maybe how they look can change where they can live. The first paper looks at old big angry animals and where they live to see if they can find when these animals were able to make themselves warm inside. We have other things that make us think that some of these big angry animals may have been able to get warm inside, but that this might have happened a few times in this group. By looking at where these animals were found in the past, they see that there are times when these animals move into places that are colder. They use this to say that these times may be because these animals now being able to make themselves warm inside. The second paper looks at animals that are cats and cat like animals. Some of these cats and cat like animals have very long teeth. This paper does a lot of things to study how these cats and cat like animals change their heads when they get these big teeth. They find that some of these cat like groups do this in a different way than cats, but also that cats start to change their heads to be a bit more like the cat like things when they get bigger teeth but also not in the same way.   References: Chiarenza, Alfio Alessandro, et al. "Early Jurassic origin of avian endothermy and thermophysiological diversity in Dinosauria." bioRxiv (2023): 2023-12. Chatar, Narimane, et al. "Evolutionary patterns of cat-like carnivorans unveil drivers of the sabertooth morphology." Current Biology (2024).

Sabre tooth cats had baby-tooth backupThe fearsome canines of saber-toothed cats were terrific weapons for stabbing unfortunate prey, but their impressive length also made them vulnerable to breakage. A new study by University of California, Berkeley associate professor Jack Tseng suggests adolescent California saber-toothed cat kept their baby teeth to buttress the adult sabers, and reinforce them while cats learned to hunt. This research was published in The Anatomical Record.Global warming could swallow Antarctic meteoritesOver 60 per cent of all meteorites found on Earth are discovered in Antarctica, embedded in the ice. But a new study published in Nature Climate Change cautions that the warming temperatures are causing the dark space rocks to sink below the surface before researchers can get to them. Glaciologist Veronica Tollenaar, who is the lead author of this study, says it's important to collect as many of these meteorites as possible to avoid losing the insights they provide about the space around us. This worm's eyes are bigger than its — everythingA pair of high-functioning eyes is perhaps not something you would associate with the various worm species on our planet. But down in the depths of the Mediterranean sea lives a small, translucent worm with alien-looking eyes that weigh more than twenty times as much as the rest of its head. Now, a group of vision researchers have found that their size is not just for show. Their vision works about as well as that of some mammals. Michael Bok, a researcher in the Lund Vision Group at Lund University in Sweden, said they may be using it to detect prey at night. They report their findings in the journal Current Biology.  We're breathing out an environment in which respiratory viruses may thriveOne of the questions that's been raised by the COVID-19 pandemic is just what conditions allow viruses carried in aerosol droplets to survive and spread. A new study in the Journal of The Royal Society Interface found that a CO2 rich environment — like a crowded room with poor ventilation — makes the aerosol particles more acidic, which allows the virus to remain stable and survive longer. Allen Haddrell, a Canadian aerovirologist at the University of Bristol, said this means that CO2 levels don't just tell you how well ventilated a room is, but it also tell how healthy the virus is in that air. Why an essential subatomic particle plays the fieldThe detection of the Higgs boson particle by the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 was one of the great moments for modern physics. But while many celebrated the discovery of the “God Particle,” physicist Matt Strassler was a bit frustrated by the way the particle discovery overshadowed what he said was truly important for our understanding of the universe: not the Higgs particle, but the Higgs field. In his new book called, Waves in an Impossible Sea: How Everyday Life Emerges from the Cosmic Ocean, he explains how the Higgs field literally makes the universe — and our place in it — what it is today. Listener Question — Do mated animals reject others crashing their relationships?We hear the answer from Sarah Jamieson, a behavioural ecologist and assistant professor at Trent University.

A study found aggression between male bonobos to be more frequent than aggression between male chimpanzees. Also, visual artist Todd Gilens created a walkable poem along Reno's Truckee River that draws parallels between urbanism and stream ecology.Bonobos Are Gentler Than Chimps? Maybe Not.Bonobos are a species of great ape, along with gorillas, orangutans, and chimpanzees. Over the years, they've gained a reputation as being calmer and more peaceful than other ape species. But recent work published in the journal Current Biology finds male bonobos may be just as aggressive as male chimpanzees, if not more so.Dr. Maud Mouginot, a postdoctoral associate in anthropology at Boston University, led the study, in which observers followed individual chimps and bonobos in the wild from morning to night, keeping track of all their interactions. The researchers found that bonobos engaged in 2.8 times more aggressive interactions and 3 times as many physical aggressions as the chimpanzees in the study.Dr. Mouginot joins guest host Arielle Duhaime-Ross to discuss the findings, what might account for the differences in aggressiveness, and what it can teach researchers about primate behavior.Art Meets Ecology In A Mile-Long PoemOne year ago this month, we launched our podcast Universe Of Art, which features arts-focused science stories, like the science behind “Dune” and why a group of science illustrators created an online celebration of invertebrate butts. And to our surprise, a lot of you wrote in to tell us about your own science-inspired art projects, including artist Todd Gilens.Gilens is a visual artist and designer who collaborated with the city of Reno, Nevada, to create a mile-long poem, called “Confluence,” printed on the city's sidewalks bordering the Truckee River. He was interested in how water shapes landscapes, and how urban architecture can mirror those natural processes. He later found the Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory, a University of California field station near Mammoth Lakes, and spent several field seasons with them to learn about stream ecology.Universe Of Art host D. Peterschmidt sat down with Todd to talk about how the poem came together and why he spent four field seasons in the Sierra Nevada with stream ecologists to create the piece.Transcripts for each segment will be available the week after the show airs on sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Plus, to stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

Old canned salmon provides a record of parasite infectionTo study marine ecosystems from the past, scientists picked through canned salmon dating back more than four decades to measure levels of parasites in the fish. Natalie Mastick, a postdoctoral researcher in marine ecology at Yale University, said she found the parasite load in two species of salmon increased in their samples between 1979 - 2021. She says this suggests their ecosystems provided more of the hosts the parasites needed, including marine mammals, which could reflect an increasingly healthy ecosystem. Their study is in the journal Ecology and Evolution. Mars has more influence on Earth than non-astrologers might have thoughtMars is, on average, about 225 million km from Earth, which would suggest that it has little impact on our planet. Which is true, but as they say a little goes a long way. In a recent study in Nature Communications, researchers studying the history of deep ocean currents found a surprising 2.4-million-year cycle where giant whirlpools form on the ocean floor, linked to cycles in the interactions of Mars and Earth orbiting the Sun. The team, including geophysicist Dietmar Müller from the University of Sydney, say this may act as a backup system to mix the oceans as the Earth warms.Medieval English silver pennies travelled a long wayStarting in the middle of the 7th century, economic development in medieval England was spurred by the increasing use of handy silver coins that greased the wheels of trade. To date, 7000 of these silver coins have been found that date to the period between the years 660 and 750 AD, but the source of the silver has been mysterious. Using modern technology, researchers from the University of Cambridge, including historian Rory Naismith,  have traced the silver right across the continent to its Byzantine source. In their study in the journal Antiquity, the researchers suggest the silver was brought to Europe a hundred years earlier in the form of silver objects, which were melted down and struck as coins in order to put more money into circulation.Bonobos are not as nice as their reputation suggestsBonobos are the lesser-known cousin of chimpanzees, and have a reputation for being the more peaceful ape. But a new study published in Current Biology reveals a dark side of bonobos. Anthropologist Maud Mouginot observed the behaviour of bonobos and chimpanzees in their dense tropical forest habitats in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania. She was shocked to find out that male bonobos were twice as likely to be aggressive toward other males than chimpanzees. She said this suggests that we need to have a more nuanced view of aggression within and across primate species, including humans. COVID infections are causing brain inflammation, drops in IQ, and years of brain agingFor many people COVID was more than a respiratory disease. We're learning now just what kind of impact an infection can have on the brain. It can affect cognition – leading to the famous brain fog – and even shrink and prematurely age the brain. One of the researchers studying these effects is Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly, he has found COVID patients suffering from brain fog, confusion, tingling, mini strokes, and even seizure disorders.Listener Question – The eclipse and the moon's temperature.A listener posting as Jeff on X writes: “How hot did the side of the moon that faced the sun get during the eclipse?”  We get the answer from Nikhil Arora, an astrophysicist from Queen's University in Kingston.