AFSO21's Weekend Wrap-up Podcast

AFSO21 Radio host Kevin Ferrara talks about a hidden hazard in our communities, PFAS which is found in firefighting foam.  Kevin talks about where PFAS is found and how it has significantly impacted military installations, nearby communities, and hundreds of thousands of individuals.  Kevin then briefly discusses various health concerns associated with PFAS and how for two military families, PFAS changed their lives forever.AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show

This weekend, Host Kevin Ferrara discusses PFAS contamination at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa as well as PFAS contamination at former Wurtsmith Air Force Base in Michigan.  Other topics include volunteer fire departments and how the issues affecting funding, recruitment, and retention are affecting their survivability.  We wrap up this episode asking if volunteer fire departments should be transparent if receiving taxpayer funds.  There is legislation introduced in Pennsylvania that if passed, would exempt volunteer fire departments overall from providing information when a Right to Know Request is submitted .  To submit questions or topic suggestions to AFSO21 Radio, email Host Kevin Ferrara at contact@afso21.comTo submit contact information regarding the Congressional PFAS Task Force, email Kevin at PFAS@afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFOS21 Radio Host Kevin Ferrara updates listeners about the ongoing situation at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa and the 60,000 gallons of firefighting agent that was released, contaminating not only the base but the local community.  Kevin then reaches out to listeners, encouraging them to contact their Congressional leaders and ask they move H.R 2195 and S. 1105 otherwise know as the PFAS Registry Act of 2019 forward so those who have been exposed to AFFF and or PFAS can begin to have information collected and shared on a routine basis.Wrapping up this episode, Kevin talks about how PFAS being incinerated at low temperatures poses a risk of "acid rain" that can potentially contaminate drinking water sources.Link to legislation discussed in this episode: www.afso21.com/pfasAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

This episode, host Kevin Ferrara briefly talks about how strategy can impact yourself or your organization.Kevin talks about the SWOT analysis and certain pitfalls to be aware of that can result in a negative impact.  Kevin highlights the need for effective communication and teamwork.Strategy blog: https://afso21.com/blog/f/the-five-whys-and-how-they-can-save-you-time-and-moneyTo contact host Kevin Ferrara, send an email to: contact @afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

This episode, AFSO21 Radio host, Kevin Ferrara talks about the massive Los Angeles fire that injured 12 firefighters, many critically.  Kevin speaks about the ongoing Marine Corps Air Station Futenma firefighting foam incident.  As the episode winds down, host Kevin Ferrara brings to listeners attention an upcoming PFAS panel that will be live streamed on Facebook.  The panel will feature former civilian and military firefighters who were exposed to firefighting foam and or PFAS through PPE.The PFAS Panel event details are as follows:Date: June 4, 2020 Time: 5:00 pm EDTLocation: AFSO21 Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/AFSO21LLC/Viewers can submit questions for the panel in advance by sending an email to: pfas@afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio Host, Kevin Ferrara discusses the ongoing issues involving PFAS that is plaguing the nation.  Kevin discusses some work that Congress is doing and his involvement in obtaining a standard blood test level and PFAS Registry.  Kevin discusses how the recent riots across the nation are impacting emergency responders.  Wrapping up this week's episode, Kevin discusses the AFSO21 Radio PFAS Discussion Panel.The PFAS Panel will be live streamed on Facebook on the AFSO21 Facebook page on 4 June 2020 at 5:00 pm Eastern Time in the United States.Panel Discussion Link: https://www.facebook.com/AFSO21LLC/posts/551546438869610Here is a list of the PFAS Discussion Panel panelists and their contact information:Kevin Ferrara - Host,  Retired Air Force Firefighter / Command Deputy Fire Chiefhttp://www.afso21.comSteve Kjonaas - Retired Air Force Firefighter / Installation Fire Chiefhttps://vfwco.org/index.php/home/state-vfw-officers/275-steve-kjonaas-dept-coJoe Anderson - Former Air Force Firefighter / Lieutenant Civilian Airport Fire Departmentpapabear2005ja@gmail.comJason Keller - Retired Air Force Firefighter / Assistant Chiefjsnkeller20@yahoo.comPaul & Diane Cotter - Former Lieutenant - Worcester Fire Departmenthttp://www.yourturnoutgearandpfoa.com If you'd like to submit a question to the panel, please send to: PFAS@afso21.comIf you have any other questions or comments, please send to: contact@afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara recaps listeners with what panelists during the PFAS Discussion Panel spoke about as the continue their work with each other, environmental groups and of course Congress.Host Kevin Ferrara explained Congress is currently looking at four topic areas consisting of:Increasing funding for clean-up operationsMoratorium on AFFF incinerationPhase out of non-essential uses of PFASPFAS Blood Testing &PFAS RegistryAdditionally, PFAS Discussion Panelists Diane and Paul Cotter spoke about continuing research of PPE that contains PFAS and has a significant impact on wearers. Panelist  Steve Kjonaas spoke about where we as a fire service community or even a society overall want regarding PFAS to include regulation.As the podcast wraps up, host Kevin Ferrara speaks briefly about another location in the United States that is affected by AFFF contamination containing PFAS, Newcastle Air National Guard Base in Delaware where PFAS levels were recorded at 18,140 parts per trillion (ppt), over 259 times the EPAs Lifetime Health Advisory limit of 70 ppt.Links discussed during this Podcast and PFAS Discussion Panel:AFSO21 Website about PFAS: http://www.afso21.com/pfasAFSO21 PFAS Discussion Panel Video: https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=349861839324683EWG PFAS Interactive Map: https://www.ewg.org/interactive-maps/pfas_contamination/map/Dark Waters, Fight Forever Chemicals: http:www.fightforeverchemicals.comYour Turnout Gear and PFOA: http://www.yourturnoutgearsandpfoa.comCongressional PFAS Task: https://dankildee.house.gov/congressional-pfas-task-forceAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara speaks about PFAS news affecting Michigan, Maryland, and Okinawa.  Kevin talks about how, in Michigan, the U.S. Air Force has agreed to work with state agencies to begin clean-up actions at the former Wurtsmith AFB in Oscoda.Additionally, Kevin talks about how PFAS testing is going to start in the Baltimore, Maryland region to include testing of Chesapeake oysters suspected of being contaminated with PFAS.As the podcast wraps up, Kevin speaks briefly about Marine Corps Air Station Futenma and the issue there that's impacting local residents.  Doctor Masami Kawamura, Director, The Informed-Public Project has been putting pressure on the United States to recognize and deal with continuous PFAS accidental releases and exposure at Futenma and Kadena military installations.  Her tireless work has caught the eyes and ears of the U.S Senate who are looking into her concerns.Links:AFSO21 Website about PFAS: http://www.afso21.com/pfasAFSO21 PFAS Discussion Panel Video: https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=349861839324683EWG PFAS Interactive Map: https://www.ewg.org/interactive-maps/pfas_contamination/map/Dark Waters, Fight Forever Chemicals: http:www.fightforeverchemicals.comYour Turnout Gear and PFOA: http://www.yourturnoutgearsandpfoa.comCongressional PFAS Task: https://dankildee.house.gov/congressional-pfas-task-forceThe Informed-Public Project Twitter Page: https://twitter.com/sirenamelAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara is seeking military firefighters who have stories to share with the No Defense documentary filmmakers who are working on a new project highlighting the impact AFFF and PFAs have on individuals.  This is an opportunity to share with the world, the significance AFFF has had on end-users who for the longest time, simply wanted answers as to why they or their family members are/were sick.If you are interested in sharing your AFFF story, please email Kevin your contact information and a brief description of your story to: contact@afso21.comIn other news, host Kevin Ferrara talks about the hazards associated with artificial turf used in many high school sports fields.  These fields have been found to contain PFAS due to the unrecyclable materials used in the products.In the United Kingdom, Kevin learned there are increased concerns with PFAS in food packaging.  Kevin learned that of the 20 samples tested, 95% tested positive for PFAS.  This is of great concern for consumers who simply may not be aware of the products their food is stored in has the potential of contaminating their food.As the episode closes, host, Kevin Ferrara talks about how 3M, a giant in the manufacturing industry using PFAS, has joined a New Hampshire utility company in an ongoing legal case.  Listeners will hear how 3M is underwriting the legal fees for the utility company despite what some consider is an ethical conflict of interest.Links to topics discussed in this episode:PFAS in Playing Fields: https://www.fosters.com/news/20200613/citizens-group-says-test-shows-pfas-in-phs-athletic-fieldNo Defense Documentary: https://www.nodefensedoc.com/UK Food Packaging PFAS Concerns: https://chemtrust.org/pfas-food-packaging-uk/3M Underwriting Legal Fees: https://news.bloomberglaw.com/pfas-project/pfas-maker-3m-pays-utilitys-legal-fees-in-state-regulatory-fightAFFF Manufacturers Congressional Testimony: https://www.minnpost.com/national/2019/09/3m-grilled-over-pfas-chemicals-at-congressional-hearing/AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks about the recent study conducted by Doctor Graham Peaslee and his colleagues who found firefighter turnout gear contains PFAS and that when subjected to abrasion, sheds particulates containing PFAS that can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled.  The research also found that PFAS was found on the gloves of those testing the samples.As the episode closes, host, Kevin Ferrara talks about how Japanese officials are becoming impatient with the lack of transparency from the U.S. Department of Defense regarding numerous incidents on Okinawa involving firefighting foam or chemicals.. And finally, Kevin talks about how PFAS levels at the U.S. Air Force Academy have declined but no answers were provided by the Air Force or the Department of Defense as to why.Links to topics discussed in this episode:Doctor Graham Peaslee PFAS in PPE Study: https://www.lastcallfoundation.org/nd-articlePDF Copy of PPE Study: https://3242eb8e-ff90-4a39-ab6d-1b93ce14cbad.filesusr.com/ugd/ca355f_3468c00158104a169196fb1d59e94f3a.pdfPDF Copy of PPE Study Supporting Documents: https://3242eb8e-ff90-4a39-ab6d-1b93ce14cbad.filesusr.com/ugd/ca355f_0bb813c764034d8191f7de6ac9acfb2b.pdfJapanese Officials Becoming Impatient with U.S. Department of Defense:https://www.stripes.com/news/pacific/japanese-officials-lodge-complaints-with-us-military-over-okinawa-hazmat-fire-at-kadena-air-base-1.634827?fbclid=IwAR06vFv8I5v94mgdJJtdSgoJcVGhqGenyzpxM3qovGeV5142mrz8CniHOuMAir Force Academy PFAS Testing Results Decline: https://www.usafa.af.mil/News/News-Display/Article/2232446/additional-pfospfoa-test-results-on-af-academy-border-show-levels-below-epa-est/AFSO21 Radio Website: https://afso21.com/podcastAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara talks with military veteran and former firefighter Dan Casson.  Dan submitted several claims for VA disability and was finally successful in receiving a 100% rating due to his cancer that his doctors and the VA attributed to his exposure to AFFF and firefighting while in the military.Listeners will hear from Dan how exposure to AFFF and his battle with numerous forms of cancer has affected not just himself, but his family.Dan talks about how his battle is like a military mission where you "don't quit" and why it's important to keep seeking answers.We'll be following up with Dan later to see how he is doing as he begins his second fight against cancer.AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara talks with military veteran and former firefighter Vince Davis.  Vince is a leader and mentor in the fire service that many look to for guidance and encouragement.  Vince is an outspoken individual that says what he thinks and means what he says.  Not afraid to speak about the ongoing AFFF issues plaguing the fire service and the military, Vince has voiced his concerns that AFSO21 echo.Listeners will hear from Vince regarding his exposure to AFFF and PFAS and how his recent blood test has affected his life.Vince gives advice to firefighters on what they need to do to stay healthy and why stating on top of their medical care is important.Here are some links Vince speaks about throughout the podcast:US Military Firefighter's Cancer Information Exchangehttps://www.facebook.com/US-Military-Firefighters-Cancer-Information-Exchange-740142489474441Retired Air Force Fire Officershttps://www.facebook.com/groups/208134052591708Department of Defense (federal) Firefightershttps://www.facebook.com/groups/dodfederalfirefightersDoD Fire and Emergency Serviceshttps://www.facebook.com/groups/DoDFireUSAF Firefightershttps://www.facebook.com/groups/45926182141AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks to listeners about firefighters at Edwards Air Force Base in California training with high expansion foam (HEF) during an exercise involving an aircraft hangar.  The HEF foam contains hazardous chemicals similar to AFFF yet, firefighters were unnecessarily exposed to toxic foam who likely believed the material was safe thereby why they were lacking proper PPE.Kevin provides his opinion about how leaders in the fire service seemingly enable exposures like that at Edwards Air Force Base and other military and civilian locations to occur without accountability.  Kevin also speaks about previous incidents involving AFFF at active and former military installations where firefighting foam has contaminated local communities and to date, no clean-up has occurred.Link to OSHA Hazard Classification Guidance for Manufacturers, Importers, and Employers: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3844.pdfEdwards Air Force Base Hangar Search & Rescue Exercise: https://www.dvidshub.net/video/762455/edwards-afb-firefighters-conduct-search-and-rescue-training-during-foam-testAdditional video of exercise: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zV3uClQK4wg&fbclid=IwAR14scX4vnBEDsdwfNZZnzxnN5bVTUz2Y9gsSiH8Y-3XiY7jUkkV9wvmXA8 Link to the AFSO21 Web site: http://www.afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode of AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up, host Kevin Ferrara talks about why mentoring in the firehouse is important and what affect or impact it has on each individual and the organization overall.Kevin then provides updates to the Edwards Air Force Base High Expansion Foam incident and explains why it is important now more than ever to contact your local, state, and federal representatives demanding regulations are implemented for chemicals used in products and or equipment used by firefighters.Updates to the Edwards AFB incident can be followed on the AFSO21 Facebook pageInformation regarding PFAS can be found on AFSO21 AFSO21 Links:FacebookLinkedinTwitterYouTubeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up, host Kevin Ferrara speaks one-on-one with Sean Mitchel, Secretary/Treasurer of Nantucket Firefighters Local 2509.Sean begins the interview discussing how he became a firefighter and what led him to where he is today in the fire service highlighting who his mentors were and continue to be.Throughout the interview, Sean explains how he personally became involved in researching PFAS and why the topic is so important to him and his family.  Sean states he personally feels manufacturers, unions, and even the NFPA have an obligation to ensure firefighters are protected from being needlessly exposed to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).  Both Sean and Kevin speak about how the NFPA must review current PPE standards and make critical changes in how firefighting turnout gear is certified.  Sean highlights the need for more public comment during the NFPA standards review process.  Both Sean and Kevin agree that turnout gear manufactured from this point on must be PFAS free.Sean explains how some individuals battling PFAS, like Diane and Paul Cotter, two individuals host Kevin Ferrara has spoken with and continues to work with on a regular basis, have been repeatedly lambasted by manufacturers and some unions, essentially targeting Diane's stellar work regarding PFAS in turnout gear, claiming her findings are false.  Fortunately, Diane and her colleagues have been able to provide factual evidence showing PFAS in firefighter turnout gear and how PFAS continues to contaminate ground and drinking water across the globe.  Both Sean and Kevin speak about how firefighter unions have a golden opportunity to become leaders regarding how they will take on the PFAS issue and represent firefighters, choosing to conduct themselves either in a passive or active manner.  NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire FightingInternational Association of Fire Fighters (Contact Page)Professional Fire Fighters of Massachusetts (Contact Page)Your Turnout Gear and PFOA (Diane and Paul Cotter)AFSO21 Home PageAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionPod Decks Pod Decks helps podcasters grow their audience while having unique and deeper conversations.Support the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara speaks one-on-one with Larissa Conroy, Orlando FD firefighter paramedic, and Olympic weightlifterLarissa begins the interview discussing how she became a firefighter and why she is so passionate about career development and secondary education.Throughout the interview, Larissa speaks about mentors and how first impressions can have an impact on new firefighters, sharing her experience as a cadet in a fire academy.When asked, Larissa speaks passionately about PFAS and how she, until recently, did not know what PFAS was and where it is found in firefighting equipment.  Knowing more about PFAS and the hazards it presents today, Larissa speaks about what she feels must be accomplished to educate emergency responders and what those responsible for producing products with PFAS must do to better inform end-users.As the episode wraps-up, Larissa shares why pride and loyalty are important to her personally and the fire service.If you want to follow Larissa's accomplishments, check out her social media pages below.Larissa Conroy Facebook PageLarissa Conroy Instagram Page: @larissaconroyBe sure to follow AFSO21 at afso21.com.  To contact host Kevin Ferrara, please send an email to: contact@afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionPod Decks Pod Decks helps podcasters grow their audience while having unique and deeper conversations.Support the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara provides his own opinion about PFAS, firefighter turnout gear, and the NFPA, in particular, the certification process for firefighter turnout gear and what he and many others believe needs to be changed.Before the episode begins, host Kevin Ferrara shares the exciting news that Fire Dept. Coffee is now a sponsor of The Weekend Wrap-up podcast.  Listeners who use promo code AFSO21 at checkout will receive a 10% discount.  Even better, 10% of net proceeds from every single sale benefits wounded, ill, or injured firefighters and other first responders through the Fire Dept. Coffee Foundation.Kevin talks about what previous guests of the show, firefighters Sean Mitchell and Larissa Conroy had to say about their thoughts on the issue of PFAS found in firefighter turnout gear and how there was a common concern between the two of them, that being what the NFPA is doing and what more they can do.Kevin stresses the importance that emergency responders become intimately familiar with NFPA 1971, NFPA 1500, and NFPA 1851, three standards that deal with firefighter turnout gear.  Furthermore, Kevin encourages individuals with questions, concerns, and comments MUST utilize the public comment opportunity for applicable NFPA codes and standards when it becomes available.As the episode wraps-up, Kevin circles back to an incident he has been following in Okinawa where 60,000 gallons of firefighting foam was released and spilled into a local community.  Kevin talks about the press release the US Marines provided that in Kevin's eyes, has some discrepancies that warrant further investigation, especially with many US Marines being unnecessarily exposed to the hazardous and toxic firefighting foam.Links to topics mentioned during the episodeNFPA 1971Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire FightingNFPA 1971 Next Edition NewsNFPA 1500 Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety, Health, and Wellness ProgramNFPA 1851 Standard on Selection, Care, and Maintenance of Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire FightingBlood Testing for DoD Firefighters, Military.com Story (July 2020) Sponsor InformationFire Dept. CoffeeFire Dept. Coffee FoundationAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara speaks with Jeff Knobbe, firefighter and PPE specialist who shares his personal thoughts on PFAS and how it is affecting firefighters across the country.Jeff starts the episode by sharing with listeners, how he became involved in the fire service.  Jeff then talks about his dealings with the NFPA, manufacturers, and other organizations involved regarding PFAS in turnout gear, and what he personally feels is needed to ensure turnout gear from this point forward is safer to use.Jeff then discusses what role local, state, and federal government officials as well as local and or state unions have with ensuring emergency responders are protected from unnecessary exposure to PFAS or other toxins.As the episode wraps-up, Kevin asks Jeff about the upcoming F.I.E.R.O. PPE symposium and what attendees can expect next year.  Links to topics mentioned during the episodeNFPA 1971Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire FightingNFPA 1851 Standard on Selection, Care, and Maintenance of Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire FightingF.I.E.R.O. SymposiumSponsor InformationFire Dept. CoffeeFire Dept. Coffee FoundationAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara speaks with Neil Hogan, former Air Force firefighter and retired DoD Chief Fire Officer who was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer in 2018.Neil discusses how he was diagnosed with cancer, the impact it has on him and his family, and how the Veterans Affairs (VA) finally recognized his form of brain cancer, a first according to Neil and his doctors.Nel addresses the need for legislation to be passed regarding PFAS and Federal Firefighters, for many like him, have been fighting to have their medical conditions recognized.Links to topics mentioned during the episodeH.R.1174 - Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2019S.1942 - Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2019President Trump Spending Package for Brown's Firefighter Cancer RegistryNeil Hogan's NEXUS Letters (Scroll down on the linked page to access/download)AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara speaks with Doctor Graham Peaslee, a renowned leader in the science community who along with his students and esteemed colleagues, conducted research that found PFAS in firefighter turnout gear.  Doctor Peaslee explains why his work is important and why those in the fire service community should be cautious and even concerned.Doctor Peaslee, an individual whose work is often referenced across the globe, responds to and clarifies criticism of his recent work, explaining how it is important to recognize who's the critic and their backgrounds before accepting or dismissing their opinionsDoctor Peaslee explains why it is important for manufacturers of firefighter turnout gear to offer an ingredient list for buyers to make informed decisions on what products suit them best.Links to topics & information discussed in the episode.Doctor Peaslee and his colleague's paper titled, Another Pathway for Firefighter Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Firefighter TextilesDoctor Chrostowski's Op-Ed published on the Fire Rescue website titled, Research and Independent Testing Shows Firefighter's Turnout Gear Remains Safe Despite ClaimsDoctor Peaslee's Response to Doctor Chrostowski's Op-Ed, published on the Fire Engineering website titled, Researcher, Responds to Claims about PFAS, Firefighter PPE.American Cancer Society webpage titled, Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), Teflon, and Related ChemicalsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode of AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up, host Kevin Ferrara invites former firefighter and cancer warrior Dan Casson back to the show.  Dan talks about his cancer treatments and how he was awarded new ratings pertaining to his cancer.Dan speaks from the heart and soul about how the various forms of cancer his doctors believe are a result of repeated exposure to AFFF and PFAS has taken a toll on him and his family.Dan and Kevin talk about going to Washington to confront Congress as representatives from all states continue to discuss various legislation regarding PFAS and firefighter, military and civilian alike.Later in the episode, host Kevin Ferrara highlights a few pieces of legislation currently introduced in Congress and the status of each.  As more cases of firefighters enduring cancer are being reported, it's shocking to hear Kevin state various pieces of legislation regarding PFAS that was introduced has been sitting somewhat idle for over a year.Links to legislation host, Kevin Ferrara discusses.H.R. 535 - PFAS Action Act of 2019H.R. 2102 - VET PFAS ActS. 1105 - PFAS Registry Act of 2019H.R. 1174 - Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2019Fire Near Miss ProgramAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, the Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara provides his personal insight on an issue that is or should be of significant concern within the fire service; that being a need for a firefighter turnout gear safety stand-down in the US Air Force.After receiving several messages that included evidence of the allegations the new firefighter turnout gear appears to be defective, Kevin conducted his own investigation and found the concerns are not isolated, but rather wide-spread across the globe.   You'll hear Kevin speak about the concerns and what he feels needs to be done immediately to ensure the concerns and matter is resolved quickly and efficiently.As the podcast continues, host Kevin Ferrara speaks briefly about the need to address the lack of women in the fire service and why the fire service must change to ensure gender equality exists. As the episode closes, Kevin speaks about a key piece of legislation in Pennsylvania that if passed, will prohibit the use of Class B firefighting foam and askes the question, why legislation affecting firefighters across the country are not being addressed and worked more efficiently.Links to the information mentioned throughout the episode:Philadelphia Inquirer Article on Richochet Manufacturing Company ContractWomen in FireFire Near MissPennsylvania Senate Bill 919AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara discusses what he states in his podcast, something he fears is not being addressed enough, if at all; that being a structured firefighter health and wellness program.Kevin discusses how a research project he authored and then developed an evaluation to test his hypothesis proved that adopting or creating, and implementing a structured firefighter health and wellness program will result in a positive outcome for firefighters.As you listen, you will hear something Kevin found in his research that could impact firefighters, and what some might say is a concern not only for the firefighter but the department.Links to the information mentioned throughout this episode:Firefighter Health & Wellness Research ProjectAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara returns from a brief hiatus to talk to his faithful listeners about issues affecting fire protection and emergency services around the globe.Kevin starts off by talking about PFAS blood testing and how it has been definitively found in firefighter turnout gear.  Kevin discusses the need for more research so that informed decisions can be made in terms of blood testing and selection of turnout gear.Kevin then discusses some trending topics found on social media today like helmet styles and dues for volunteer fire departments.  Kevin finishes up the episode by stating the podcast schedule is back to every two weeks so that more time can be spent generating stories and selecting special guests for the show.Links to the information mentioned throughout the episode:Vista Analytical PFAS Blood Testing LaboratoryAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, the last for 2020, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara gives thanks to his listeners while addressing some topics that affected fire protection and emergency services throughout 2020.Kevin sheds some light on what he and the podcast have planned for 2021 to include hosting Chief Billy Goldfeder on an upcoming episode.As 2021 comes to a close, as Kevin states in his podcast, take time to give thanks and appreciate everything we've been given because tomorrow is not a guarantee.AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

It's 2021, and time for the fight to begin!With January being Firefighter Cancer Awareness Month, it's fitting AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara talks about PFAS and how it has affected military firefighter, their families, and civilians living near military installations.Kevin highlights the Firefighter Cancer Support Network who have published a group of weekly links, leading viewers to some very informative information, including the document titled Cancer 101.  Kevin talks about how the fight emergency responders must take needs to be focused on preventing unnecessary exposure to materials linked to cancer and how legislators, the US military, and those in positions of power have the ability to make a change and become role models for others to follow regarding cancer prevention.As the episode wraps-up, Kevin vows to keep fighting for those in emergency services and emphasizes why emergency responders are considered the most valued resource in fire protection and emergency services. Links to the information mentioned during this episode:Firefighter Cancer Support NetworkNFPA 1582, Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire Departments2021 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) PDF Download2021 NDAA Web SiteNIOSH Study of Firefighters Finds Increased rates of CancerThe Invisible Danger of Bunker Gear Transfer (YouTube Video)AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show

Kevin Ferrara, host of AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up podcast continues discussing Fire Fighter Cancer Awareness month.To provide additional commentary, Kevin invited Chief Billy Goldfeder to the show.  Chief Goldfeder is no stranger in the fire service, highly recognized for his many years of service to several departments and the communities they serve.  In addition, Chief Goldfeder hosts Firefighter Close Calls, Home of the Secret List where every day, he contributes news and information that has influenced the fire service and even saved lives.As Kevin and Billy chat throughout the episode about firefighter health and safety, in particular firefighter survival, Chief Goldfeder provides his off the cuff, straight from the hip, wisdom on various topics affecting the fire service today.  Billy tells it like it is, raw and uncut and we couldn't be more proud of the work he is doing.After you listen to this episode, be sure to order one of Chief Goldfeder's Pass It On books by heading to www.firefighterclosecalls.com where you can click on the links to order one of his three amazing publications, each filled with invaluable information that might one day, save your life.Links:Firefighter Close CallsPass It On booksFirefighter Cancer Support NetworkFeedspot's Top 15 Fire Protection & Safety Podcast ListAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara discusses firefighter cancer awareness and how it continues to affect firefighters across the globe.Kevin talks about PFAS and how it directly affects firefighters through repeated exposure to products of combustion during and after an incident.  Kevin shares his thoughts on why PFAS blood testing is important and why it should be included in the NFPA 1582 Standard.Kevin talks about how important lines of communication and transparency are necessary with PFAS and how it appears the Department of Defense, particularly the Air Force remains silent on exposure and contamination.Kevin introduces listeners to new segments of the Podcast, "On-Scene" and "Shout-outs".Links to topics discussedFirefighter Cancer Awareness MonthInternational Association of Firefighters Resolutions 28 & 31 Regarding PFASNFPA 1582, Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire DepartmentsOklahoma City Firefighter DisciplinedPhoenix Fire Department Shout-outFirefighter Near Miss Program Feedspot lists AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up at number 6 of the Top 15 Fire protection & Safety Podcasts!AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara speaks on the importance of Firefighter Suicide Awareness and Prevention.Kevin provides some data on the number of firefighter suicides throughout the United States as well as telephone numbers for individuals to call and talk with trained professionals.Kevin talks about AFFF and PFAS contamination at Goodfellow Air Force base in San Angelo, Texas where the contamination may be a contributor to the constant smell and poor taste of the area's drinking water.In addition to those topics, Kevin shares with listeners audio from a recent structure fire where four firefighters were injured, two receiving serious burns.  Their MAYDAY calls can be heard on the audio which is why Kevin continues to speak about the importance of every firefighter having a radio, at the very least, those operating inside a structure.As the episode wraps-up, Kevin gives a shout-out to several individuals and organizations for their dedicated work in the fire service as well as their personal sacrifices while protecting their communities.Links to topics discussed in the podcast:IAFF Firefighter Suicide Prevention Goodfellow Air Force Base Water Testing (San Angelo Live)The Air Force is Taking Samples From Water wells near Goodfellow Air Force Base (Fox West Texas)Unclassified Goodfellow Air Force Base ReportFirefighter Close calls Maryland Firefighters Mayday RadioHampshire Firefighters Join Hospital's Intensive Care UnitAustralia Fires: Firefighter Loses Own Home While Saving OthersFeedspot Top 15 Fire protection & Safety PodcastsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara sits down with representatives from the Berks County, Pennsylvania Fire Chaplains Network to discuss firefighter suicide awareness and prevention.Berks County Fire Chaplains Network representatives, CJ Ferrara and Kindall Wann provide insight on how they became involved in the fire service and what they do as part of a team to prevent firefighter suicides. Using statistics from the IAFF, the discussion focused on the increased number of firefighters having thoughts, plans, attempts of suicide as well as the number of occurrences that firefighters harmed themselves but did not commit suicide.   In the United States, it's estimated using the IAFF survey stats, an alarming number of the 1-million career and volunteer firefighters had thoughts of suicide, approximately 89,000.Guests spoke about how Covid has impacted how support is requested and or provided and how face-2-face interaction is critical.As the podcast concludes, CJ and Kindall answer some funny, off-topic questions from Pod Decks asking "Would You Rather?"The Weekend Wrap-up podcast is ranked #6 of the top 15 Fire protection and Safety Podcasts by Feedspot Episode Links:Berks County Fire Chaplains NetworkIAFF Firefighter Suicide AwarenessSuicide Prevention Resource CenterCanada Suicide & Crisis HotlinesAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionPod Decks Pod Decks helps podcasters grow their audience while having unique and deeper conversations.Fire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara talks about a Congressional hearing on PFAS that was postponed twice and his opportunity to testify removed.Kevin reads for listeners and viewers, what was supposed to be his opening statements that highlight how the DoD and Air Force continue to pushback on the fact PFAS does have a significant impact on US military servicemembers.  In addition to reciting his testimony, Kevin highlights the DoDs PFAS blood test for active military and DoD civilian firefighters and how the DoD seemingly does not have a plan to deal with elevated levels of PFAS in servicemembers.  Kevin highlights how the DoD continues to release AFFF into the environment, sometimes off the military installation within civilian communities.LinksU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs PFAS Web PageKirtland AFB Firefighters Respond to Albuquerque, New Mexico fireCannon Air Force Base PFAS Permit ViolationsMark Correll, Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Environment, Safety, and Infrastructure Comments on PFAS RemediationDoD MTF Guide PFAS Blood Testing of DoD FirefightersASDR Memo Blood Testing for DoD Firefighters to PFASUS Congress House Appropriations Committee ScheduleEWG PFAS Interactive MapAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

The Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara starts off this episode by summarizing the recent Remediation and Impact of PFAS Congressional hearing that occurred on March 24 not on the 25th as Kevin misstated in his podcast.Kevin gives his opinion on what he heard during witness testimony and why he feels what the DoD said, or didn't say supports the concerns of veterans and military firefighters.  Kevin continues his discussion by highlighting several comments made by Dr. Jamie Dewitt from East Carolina University and Erin Brockovich who both were able to opine their concerns regarding PFAS and how it has and continues to impact veterans, firefighters, and communities surrounding former and active military installations.Kevin then briefly speaks about several issues affecting the fire service with the first about firefighter training and certification and how doing such, can result in a high dividend return for not only the emergency service organization but the community as well.As the episode closes, Kevin speaks about firefighters intentionally placing firefighter turnout gear on their children for photos.  Kevin speaks to this action as not only being dangerous but irresponsible considering the evidence regarding toxic chemicals used in the manufacturing of firefighter turnout gear.  Kevin states that even washed turnout gear is dangerous because PFAS does not come off during launderings.Links:Remediation and Impact of PFAS HearingAir Force's Refusal to Follow Michigan Law During Wurtsmith CleanupMilitary Times Article on Military Installations with Toxic "Forever Chemicals"PFAS Study in Fire Station DustNotre Dame News Article on Firefighter Gear Treated With "Forever Chemicals" Stars & Stripes Article on Lawmakers Efforts To Deal With Cancer-Causing Chemicals Ms. Brockovich Goes to Washington, The Brockovich ReportPennsylvania Senate Resolution 6 Final ReportFeedspot's Top 15 Fire Protection & Safety Podcasts You Must Follow in 2021AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara introduces listeners to NFPA 1700 - Modern Structural Firefighting.This free course provided by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is what Kevin considers an extremely beneficial resource tool to put in any firefighter's "toolbox" for use as a reference.Kevin speaks about how fire dynamics is a primary focus on NFPA 1700 and how important it is for every firefighter from the newest rookie to the most senior member like the fire chief to know the "basics" of fire dynamics and how fire dynamics plays an important factor in the decision-making process while operating on scene of a structure fire.As the episode continues, Kevin speaks briefly about the large 8-alarm fire in Jackson Heights, Queens, New York, and how fire dynamics likely played a part in the need to increase manpower and resources from a 4th alarm to an 8-alarm.As the episode wraps up, Kevin gives a "Shout-Out" to Clay County Fire Rescue for showing their support to the men and women in the US Armed Forces by wrapping Engine 25 with graphics highlighting the military.Links:NFPA 1700 NFPA 1700 Training News ReleaseOn Scene:Jackson Heights FireShout-Out:Clay County Fire RescueFeedspot:Top 15 Fire protection & Safety PodcastsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara speaks one-on-one with Doctor Jamie DeWitt from the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University (ECU), North Carolina.Dr. DeWitt shares her work on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances  (PFAS) and the impact it has on the human body, especially firefighters who use products containing PFAS in their everyday tasks.Dr. Dewitt explains that even if the production of PFAS were to stop today, we would still be exposed due to the amount of PFAS that exists emphasizing that prevention is critical in reducing exposure.  She further explains that some PFAS that was produced by manufacturers, data is not readily accessible.  Dr. DeWitt when asked about PFAS blood testing, she explains what she would do if her blood test results indicated high levels of PFAS.  Rather than focusing on the "numbers", Dr. DeWitt explains she would focus on "risks" such as family history of thyroid, kidney cancer, or other diseases.  LinksJamie C. DeWitt, Ph.D.Toxicology ChickThe Big Reveal: Hundreds of Health Studies on Next Gen PFASDr. DeWitt Congressional Testimony (July 24, 2019)Dr. DeWitt Congressional Testimony (March 21, 2021)Feedspot's Top 15 Fire Protection & Safety PodcastsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeePod Decks Pod Decks helps podcasters grow their audience while having unique and deeper conversations.AFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara sits down with two of the most popular comedians in the fire service, Jason Patton, Vice-President of Fire Department Coffee and creator of Fire Department Chronicles, and Brent Fenton, otherwise known as Firefighter Fenton who you might recognize by his iconic mustache and Boston accent.Kevin chats with both Jason and Brent about some serious topics in the fire service as well as adding some hilarious moments in the mix.Both guests explain that while comic relief in the firehouse is a must and can be a stress reliever, caution should be expressed so as not to jeopardize your career or tarnish the reputation of your organization.  Links:Fire Department ChroniclesFire Fighter FentonFeedspot Top 15 Fire Protection & Safety Podcasts You Must Follow in 2021 (AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap is included)AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara speaks with Tom Cook, Pennsylvania State Fire Academy Administrator.  Tom shares with the audience how he got into the fire service and ultimately found his calling as the academy's Administrator.  Tom shares what the academy does and how it's structured.  Throughout the podcast, Tom and Kevin discuss various topics affecting the academy and Pennsylvania's emergency responders to include COVID-19, a recently voted on, state referendum regarding low-interest loans for fire departments, and of course training, something both individuals are extremely passionate about.Tom explains how firefighters receive their training in the Commonwealth and how the process is different from other states and agencies.Links:Pennsylvania State Fire AcademyPennsylvania Senate Resolution 6AFSO21 Radio The Weekend Wrap-up podcast is ranked # 6 of the Top 15 Fire Protection & Safety podcasts by Feedspot.AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara sits down with fellow veteran and firefighter Jason Kling to hear his thoughts on his experience in fire protection and emergency services.  Jason shares with Kevin's audience how he became interested in emergency services, the military, and how he took his military experience and incorporated it in his transition to being a paramedic in Pennsylvania.Jason shares with the Weekend Wrap-up audience his personal opinions on issues affecting the service and what audience members can take away from with regards to supporting the economy post-Covid-19.AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up is listed as one of Feedspot's Top 15 Fire Protection & Safety Podcasts.  AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara talks privately about PFAS and what is and is not being done to protect firefighters exposed to toxic substances.Kevin talks about the Michael Lecik Military Firefighters Protection Act and where the piece of proposed legislation currently rests in Congress, explaining some of the bill's stipulations and what he feels needs to be revised to ensure all military firefighters are protected.As the episode transitions to other topics, Kevin explains how he continues to receive correspondence from current and former military firefighters who state their VA claims are being denied despite their proven exposure to AFFF and PFAS.Kevin asks that the Weekend Wrap-up audience send him an email with their questions, concerns, interest in being on the podcast.  Messages can be sent to contact@afso21.comLinks:Michael Lecik Military Firefighter Protection ActPresumptive Benefits for War Fighters Exposed to Burn Pits and Other Toxins Act of 2021 (House Bill)Presumptive Benefits for War Fighters Exposed to Burn Pits and Other Toxins Act of 2021 (Senate Bill)Firefighters Denied Coverage by Veterans Affairs After Exposure to PFAS Firefighting FoamU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Statement Regarding the Need Not to Conduct PFAS Blood TestingVista Analytical Laboratory and PFAS TestingIndoor Dust Contains PFAS and Other Toxic ChemicalsGear Treated with 'Forever Chemicals' Poses Risk to FirefightersAFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up is ranked in the Top 15 Fire Protection and Safety Podcasts by Feedspot.AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, The Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara speaks about the importance and really, the necessity of fire protection and emergency services performing crew inspection through commercial facilities within their jurisdiction.Recent incidents have shown that had a thorough crew inspection, or building walk-through been performed, the outcome might have been prevented.Supporting the topic, Kevin speaks about the recent Surfside, Florida apartment complex collapse, the Station Nightclub fire, and the Morris, Illinois abandoned paper mill fire where crews found the building was not what they thought, turning out to be a lithium battery storage facility.  Kevin also recaps a previous episode where he and his guests spoke about suicide awareness and prevention and how it is extremely important for everyone to feel comfortable speaking and listening to each other when feeling stressed.And with nearly every episode, Kevin touches on PFAS and the risks associated with exposure.  Kevin talks about PFAS blood testing and how the GAO recently published a report on what they found within the DoD regarding PFAS remediation.AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up is ranked in the top 15 Fire Protection and Safety podcasts by Feedspot.To learn more about Kevin and AFSO21, please check out www.afso21.comLinks to references in this episode:Surfside Building Collapse (Credit WPBF News)Morris, IL Paper Mill Fire (Credit ABC 7 Eyewitness News)GAO Firefighting Foam Chemicals ReportAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

Get ready everyone, this episode is going to be explosive!AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara gives his interpretation of the July 22, 2021, DoD Inspector General (IG) report that shows what the DoD has and has not done to protect DoD personnel including firefighters from PFAS contamination.Kevin provides audience members a summary of the 82-page report, highlighting certain areas that the DoD IG determined to be in his opinion. failures and egregious lack of initiative and responsibility to adequately protect and inform DoD and civilians on or near DoD installations about PFAS contamination.  One area of interest is how the DoD stated they have no plans to track, trend, or analyze PFAS blood test results for firefighters despite there being a requirement to do so.  The DoD's refusal has left DoD firefighters asking what their blood results mean and if they should be concerned.  Meanwhile, DoD medical officials have not responded to those inquiries, thus leaving firefighters to feel neglected.Links:Evaluation of the Department of Defense's Actions to Control Contaminant Effects from Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances at Department of Defense Installations (DODIG-2021-105)FY 2020 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA)DoDI 6055.05, Occupational and Environmental HealthDoDI 4715.18 Emerging Chemicals (ECS) of Environmental ConcernDoDM 6055.05 Occupational Medical Examinations and Surveillance ManualDoDD 4715.01E Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health (ESOH)EWG PFAS Interactive MapAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host, Kevin Ferrara talks about how many believe the health and safety of firefighters are less important than profits made by chemical companies producing PFAS.Before the podcast starts, Kevin recognizes his cousin, Stephen Ferrara who recently passed away.  Stephen was a volunteer firefighter, former Deputy Chief, and emergency communications dispatcher.  "Stevie" was someone who would always take time to help someone, so much, he was credited with saving the lives of a family trapped by fire as he was on his way to work.  Without hesitation, Stephen entered the smoke-filled home, searching for, and finding the family, ultimately leading them to safety as emergency responders arrived on the scene.  Kevin continues his podcast by talking about how the Veterans Affairs is now accepting disability claims for veterans who were deployed to locations where particulates may have caused asthma, rhinitis, and sinusitis.  The VA added these three presumptive conditions based on the airborne hazards veterans were exposed to during their assignment to certain regions.Kevin then speaks about PFAS blood testing and how he recently received what he considers a very simple blood test kit that will test for many more PFAS analytes than what the DoD is currently testing for.  Kevin also speaks about the importance of having one's blood tested for PFAS due to the significant health risks PFAS has on the human body.As the episode wraps up, Kevin speaks about certain pieces of legislation that seem to have stalled in Congress that if passed, would begin to protect firefighters and even civilians near military installations.  Unfortunately, certain members of Congress to include his own representative, Fred Keller (PA-12) voted no to H.R. 2467 The PFAS Action Act.  Despite numerous requests for comment, Kevin has yet to receive a response from Representative Keller's office as to why he voted no and continues to support DuPont, a leading manufacturer of PFAS.Links:Stephen Ferrara Obituary and ContributionsVeterans Airborn Hazards and Burn Pit ExposuresGulf War Illnesses Linked to Southwest Asia Service (Southwest Theater of Operations)Former Cannon Firefighter Talks PFAS Contamination Groundwater WarToxic Threat (Santa Fe Reporter)Eurofins PFAS TestingWVEC Report: Military Bases Contaminating Chesapeake Bay with Forever ChemicalsH.R. 2467 PFAS Action Act H.R. 2111 Michael Lecik MilitAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

*UPDATE* After speaking with the law firm identified in this podcast, they apologized for the article and have since removed it from their website.In this episode, AFSO21 Radio, The Weekend Wrap-up host Kevin Ferrara thanks his audience members for their support with recognizing his cousin Stephen Ferrara's recent passing.As the episode continues, Kevin speaks about Hurricane IDA and how those along the Gulf Coast need to be prepared for what is being reported as a catastrophic storm.Kevin talks about the political impact of Afghan refugees coming to America might have on emergency responders at military installations as well as in municipalities where the refugees are being temporarily housed and eventually relocated.Kevin then talks about Emergency Response Capabilities and asks audience members if responding with just one person on an apparatus is effective.As the episode wraps up, Kevin speaks about how he and other firefighters he's supporting were recently named by a law firm's blog without their knowledge and how a reporter they have been working with was shocked at how the law firm essentially stole her work.Links:IDA strengthens into major Catagory 4 hurricane ahead of US landfall (Fox News)Pentagon opens up more military bases in US to hold up to 50,000 Afghans (Fox News)Some Afghan evacuees flagged for concern by CBP at military bases worldwide (Fox News)Firefighters Denied Coverage by Veterans Affairs After Exposure to PFAS Firefighting Foam (The Intercept)AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks about his recent presentation at the 4th Annual Firefighter Health and Wellness Conference in "exotic" Beavercreek, Ohio where firefighters from 14 states converged to obtain information and listen to industry experts talk about health and safety.The focus of Kevin's presentation was on PFAS exposure to military and DoD firefighters and what the DoD is lacking with respect to minimizing unnecessary exposure and health care for those exposed.Throughout this episode, Kevin gives audience members an insight as to the severity of PFAS exposure to military personnel, in particular firefighters and their families.  Additionally, Kevin highlights how the DoD continues to refuse to publicly speak about PFAS contamination.AFSO21's Weekend Wrap-up Podcast is ranked in the top 15 Fire Protection and Safety podcasts!Links:AFSO21 LLC Fire Department Coffee DoD IG Report on PFAS Evaluation of DoD Actions on PFASCDC NHANES PFAS "Averages"Environmental Working Group PFAS Interactive MapBrother Helping BrothersAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks about his personal PFAS blood test results received from Eurofins.  Eurofins is an alternate source of PFAS blood testing.  Their testing capabilities look for 47 PFAS analytes.As Kevin talks about his own PFAS levels, he also highlights why it is important to have blood tested for PFAS and what health risks are associated with each analyte.  As the podcast continues, Kevin talks about his recent interview with Spotlight on America.  Kevin's interview is a continuation of the amazing work Spotlight on America reporter Joce Sterman has done to highlight the significance of PFAS contamination through America and how certain organizations like the military knew PFAS was toxic but said and did little to nothing to prevent unnecessary exposures.Kevin reminds audience members the next episode will host guest, Alison Fienning, Owner of Pinpoint Behavioral Health and how her work to treat first responders, veterans, and their families has benefited those in need as well as emergency services.Links:EurofinsEmpowerDX PFAS Test KitToxic firefighting foam: Exclusive documents show military knew about the risk for years (WJLA.com)Toxic firefighting foam may have harmed U.S. Service members (The National Desk)Pinpoint Behavioral HealthBrothers Helping Brothers5th Annual Firefighter Health & Wellness ConferenceAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara introduces the Weekend Wrap-up Podcast audience to First In Wellness.  First In Wellness is a team of experienced health and wellness coaches who provide goal-oriented, personalized, and preventative health and wellness programs designed to meet specific challenges firefighters face everyday.Kevin speaks with guests Danielle Cook Kawash, the founder of First In Wellness and Mike Salemi, the founder of Kettlebell Lifestyle.  Together, Danielle and Mike have developed an amazing set of individual and group health and wellness programs that anyone can use.Throughout the podcast, Kevin asks Danielle and Mike their opinions on why health and wellness is so important to firefighters, both career and volunteer.As the episode wraps-up, Kevin gives Danielle and Mike an opportunity to highlight what makes First In Wellness stand-out from other programs.Links:First In Wellness Home PageFirst In Wellness ChallengeFirefighter Cancer Support Network5th Annual Firefighter Health and Wellness ConferenceBrothers Helping BrothersFirefighter Cancer ConsultantsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks about concerns within the volunteer fire service impacting both the organization and the community.  Areas that Kevin speaks about include training & certification, membership, issuance of Fire Taxes, NFPA Standards, accountability, leadership, and legislation.Before the podcast begins, Kevin take time to remember the tragic Station Nightclub fire that occurred on February 20, 2003 that killed 100 people and injured another 230. Kevin encourages audience members to discuss issues he speaks about among themselves as well as discussing them as comments on whatever platform audience members are listening to the podcast on.As the episode continues, Kevin speaks about PFAS and the need to have blood tests conducted as well as the need to file exposure reports after each time firefighters don turnout gear.As the episode closes, Kevin speaks about PFAS legislation and the EPA's Lifetime Health Advisory about PFAS and how legislation and the EPA need to reduce acceptable levels to zero because PFAS is a man-made chemical and does not naturally develop within the human body.Links:Station Nightclub Fire VideoNIST Investigation of Station Nightclub FireFirst In WellnessPennsylvania Fire Departments Facing Volunteerism EmergencyPennsylvania Does Not Require Volunteer Firefighters to be TrainedEurofins / EmpowerDX PFAS Blood Test KitMichael Lecik Military Firefighter Protection ActLawsuits Claim Chemicals in Firefighter's Protective Gear Cause Devastating IllnessesDuPont Chemical Political Contribution Recipients by StateDoD Firefighter PFAS Blood Test Results SurveyEmail Host Kevin Ferrara: podcast@afso21.comAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host, Kevin Ferrara clarifies what "Burn Pits" is defined as and how it is  misleading to military firefighters.The Promise to Address  Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act, recently passed by the U.S. House of Representatives, proposes to establish presumptive of 23 service connected medical conditions to include respiratory illnesses and cancers for eligible veterans who deployed to certain locations where "Burn Pits" were in operation.  Kevin explains how these provisions will not affect military firefighters exposed to toxins from fire training "burn pits".In addition to the legislative provisions, Kevin talks about the AFFF registry that will only apply to "eligible" individuals.  As always, please comment on  the episode and share your questions with Kevin and his audience.Links: Plan to give new benefits to burn pits victims passes House, faces difficult path ahead (Military Times Article)H.R. 3967, Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2021Link to H.R. 3967 actionsMichael Lecik Military Firefighters Protection Act  AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

Kevin welcomes audience members for their continued support which has been instrumental in the podcast being ranked number 15 of the "Best 30 Firefighter Podcasts" and number 5 of the "Best 15 Fire Protection & Safety Podcasts" in the world!Kevin addresses legislation affecting Federal Firefighters (H.R. 2499), recently discussed during "mark-ups", and is now sitting in the House of Representatives awaiting further action.  Kevin discusses H.R. 7089, the Vet PFAS Act which calls to furnish hospital care and medical services to veterans and dependents who were stationed at military installations and exposed to PFAS, to provide for a presumption of service connection for certain veterans who were stationed at military installations at which the veterans were exposed to such substances, and for other purposes.Mentioned is the  upcoming Senate Confirmation Hearing for Bill LaPlante who if confirmed, will be the new Department of Defense (DoD) Undersecretary for Acquisition and Sustainment (A&S) which would make him responsible for issues pertaining to PFAS issues plaguing the DOD.Kevin encourages audience members to contact their Senators and ask what their stance is on Mr. LaPlante as well as asking them some questions below in this description.  The focus of these questions is to hold the DoD accountable for PFAS remediation efforts and reporting requirements, some of which the DoD has already missed deadlines of.Questions to ask Senators:When will DoD release it's report on the 50 most contaminated sites?How will DoD improve communications and engagement with DoD communities?When will DoD alert veterans and service members they may have been drinking contaminated water for decades?How will Mr. LaPlante comply with the Executive Order to avoid products made with PFAS, products like firefighting foam and firefighter turnout gear?Links:H.R. 2499, Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2021Mark-up Session Discussing H.R. 2499 YouTube Video (Starts at 2:49:16)H.R. 7089 , Veterans Exposed to Toxic PFAS Act, or the VET PFAS ActH.R. 2111, Michael Lecik Military Firefighters Protection Act"Filthy Fifty" ListMr. LaPlante Senate Confirmation Hearing ArticleEmpowerDX PFAS Blood TestFeedspot Best 30 Firefighter PodcastsFeedspot Best 15 Fire Protection & Safety PodcastsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFirst In Wellness Goal-oriented, personalized, preventative health & wellness programs designed for firefighters.Fire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeSupport the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks with Andrew Patterson and Taryn McKnight from Eurofins and EmpowerDX about their PFAS Blood Test Kit.Highlights of the episode include talking about who Eurofins are and how they became involved with testing for PFAS as well as some of the behind the scenes efforts that went into developing the test.  Also discussed during the podcast is defining half-life of PFAS substances. PFAS Blood Test Kit GiveawayEurofins is giving one lucky audience member a free PFAS Blood Test kit.To be eligible, you must subscribe to our YouTube channel or one of our podcast channels. Links:EmpowerDx PFAS Blood Test KitEurofinsAFSO21's Weekend Wrap-up YouTube ChannelFeedspot Best 30 Firefighter PodcastsFeedspot Best 15 Fire Protection & Safety PodcastsAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFirst In Wellness Goal-oriented, personalized, preventative health & wellness programs designed for firefighters.Support the show (https://afso21.com/podcast)

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara talks about the need for regulating and managing fire departments, in particular volunteer organizations. In addition to his discussion in managing fire departments, Kevin talks about PFAS legislation that is currently being discussed that will impact Federal firefighters, and how PFAS has impacted a New Mexico Dairy farmer.Links:H.R. 2499 Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2022Pennsylvania Workers' Compensation Act - Cancer in the Occupation of FirefighterDaily Herd Management - Air Force Pollution Forces New Mexico Dairy to Euthanize 3,665 CowsAFSO21 LLC Blog - Managing PA Fire DepartmentsPennsylvania SR6 Final ReportAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara provides the Weekend Wrap-up audience with a recap of his presentation at the 2022 PFAS Conference.  During the conference, presenters were allotted only 10-minutes to speak so Kevin thought it would beneficial to recap his presentation and go more in depth to what his message was for conference attendees.Links:2022 PFAS ConferenceWTKR News 3 Interview Regarding PFAS Contamination in the Hampton Roads area of VirginiaDoD Firefighter PFAS Blood Test SurveyVeterans Affairs PFAS Blood Test StanceEurofins / EmpowerDx PFAS Blood Test KitEPA Drinking Water Health Advisories for PFAS Fact Sheet for CommunitiesDoD Draft Performance Specification Fire Extinguishing Agent, Fluorine-Free Foam (F3) Liquid Concentrate for Land-Based, Fresh Water Applications5th Annual Firefighter Health and Wellness ConferencePennsylvania Senate Bill 302, Restricting PFAS Chemicals from Firefighting FoamH.R. 3967 - Honoring our PACT Act of 2022AFSO21 Subscribe Link (Scroll down on home page and enter E-mail)Feedspot 30 Best Firefighter Podcasts (Weekend Wrap-up is ranked 16th)Feedspot 15 Best Fire Protection & Safety Podcasts (Weekend Wrap-up is ranked 5th)AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionAFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara speaks with Susan Wind who has been researching and speaking about Coal Ash that has polluted water sources around the country and is linked to cancer.  IN fact, Susan's daughter developed cancer likely because of her exposure to polluted water that contained coal ash that was dumped within her community.As Susan speaks about yet another pollutant that is plaguing our communities, she speaks of the lack of transparency, accountability, and enforcement regarding coal ash usage and disposal despite evidence that shows coal ash has been a known pollutant and carcinogen for years.As the podcast wraps up, Susan speaks about the peaceful protest that will be held at the EPA Headquarters in Washington DC, 20 September 2022.  More information on the event can be found by clicking the link below.Links:Susan Wind Had a Reason to press State Officials About A Possible Cancer Cluster Near Lake Norman.  Her Daughter Had the Disease.EPA Protest EventEPA Protest Facebook PageCoal Ash Basics (EPA)AFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionFirst In Wellness Goal-oriented, personalized, preventative health & wellness programs designed for firefighters.AFSO21 Delivering strategic & operational planning fundamentals to emergency services around the worldSupport the show

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara starts off by recognizing the 100th Anniversary of NFPA's Fire Prevention Week and the importance of this years theme, "Fire Won't Wait. Plan Your Escape." Kevin talks about how having a plan that variates from time to time will enable those escaping from a fire to be better prepared for the unexpected.As the podcast continues, Kevin talks about firefighter cancer and how Virginia Beach Fire Department Captain Matt "Chevy" Chiaverotti is currently engaged in a battle to overcome Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (metastatic carcinoma), a rare and aggressive form of cancer that accounts for less than 2% of thyroid cancers.Matt is the Captain of VBFD Engine 7, the busiest engine in the department, and is  a Search Team Manager with FEMA Virginia Task Force 2, an organization Matt has been with for over 16-years.Support Events:October 20th - Thin Line Brewing Company - Virginia Beach, VA - 5:00pmThin Brew Line,  1375 Oceana Blvd,  Virginia Beach, VA 23454A portion of sales benefit Matt and his family.50/50 Raffle; Live Music – Dave Cynar BandOctober 22nd - Annual Public Safety BCS (Battling Cancer Series) Flag Football Game 9:30 am - 5:00 pmNanesmond River Baptist Church,  2896 Bridge Rd., Suffolk, VA 23435Contact Rainey Dail (757) 409-1903 for more informationNovember 12th - Stability Crossfit - 8:00 amStability Corssfit, 1944 Laskin Rd.Virginia Beach, VA 23454Contact Christopher Zach (732)857-0561 for more information. Links:Fire Prevention WeekFirefighting Community fundraising for captain with aggressive, rare cancer (WAVY10)Virginia Beach community raising money for firefighter battling rare, aggressive form of cancer (WTKR)Help Capt. Chiaverotti Battle Cancer (GoFundMe)Fire Department Coffee FoundationBrother Helping BrothersFirefighter Cancer Support NetworkFirefighter Cancer Support Network Virginia ChapterAFSO21 Your leadership, management, and fire protection and emergency services consulting solutionSupport the show

In this episode, host Kevin Ferrara speaks with the founder and CEO of Safespill, a small Houston, Texas based military friendly company that has developed a new product that essentially eliminates the need to use Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) or High Expansion Foam (HEF) in hangars.CEO Tristan Mackintosh introduces himself and his company and, over the course of the podcast, explains how his vision to eliminate the use of toxic firefighting foam in hangars came to fruition which resulted in the Safespill Flooring System being installed in hangars, in particular several throughout the DoD.Links:SafespillSafespill Military FriendlySafespill NFPA 409Feedspot Best 30 Best Firefighter PodcastsFeedspot 15 Best Fire Protection & Safety PodcastsFire Dept. Coffee Veteran owned and run by firefighters, Fire Dept. Coffee offers a wide variety of delicious coffeeSupport the showContact AFSO21's Weekend Wrap-up Podcast - Email us at podcast@afso21.com Subscribe to our YouTube Channel As always, keep supporting your local fire and emergency services, stay safe, and keep on listening!

Host Kevin Ferrara speaks his mind regarding the $858 billion dollar 2023 National Defense Authorization Act that once passed, would enable certain federal firefighters to file medical claims for various diagnosed medical illnesses to include several types of cancer. While on the surface this may seem like a win for federal firefighters, Kevin talks about how it limits those eligible to a select group while alienating others who are dealing with one or more of the listed medical illnesses or cancers.Because of the limitation on who is eligible, Kevin encourages his audience members to contact their Congressional representatives and demand the 10-year time limit for firefighters to be diagnosed is removed.Links:H.R. 7900 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023House Armed Services Committee Statement on 2023 NDAAFeedspot 15 Best Fire Protection & Safety PodcastsFeedspot 30 Best Firefighting PodcastsSupport the showContact AFSO21's Weekend Wrap-up Podcast - Email us at podcast@afso21.com As always, keep supporting your local fire and emergency services, stay safe, and keep on listening!