Podcasts about ardipithecus

Con Santi García Cremades y Alberto Aparici exploramos el fascinante origen del bipedismo, desde los primeros homínidos hasta Darwin. ¿Sabías que caminar a dos patas no es exclusivo de los humanos? Desde dinosaurios como el T. rex hasta el Eudibamus, un reptil que corría erguido hace 290 millones de años, muchos animales lo han hecho antes que nosotros. Analizamos cómo nuestros antepasados, como Sahelanthropus y Ardipithecus, empezaron a caminar hace más de 6 millones de años. Descubrimos por qué el bipedismo no surgió en la sabana, sino incluso en los árboles, y qué ventajas y retos trajo consigo: desde la eficiencia energética hasta partos más complicados. Reflexionamos sobre cómo el bipedismo nos permitió liberar las manos, usar herramientas y, quizás, dar el primer paso hacia lo que nos define como humanos. Una historia de evolución, ciencia y millones de años de pasos compartidos. 

Con Santi García Cremades y Alberto Aparici exploramos el fascinante origen del bipedismo, desde los primeros homínidos hasta Darwin. ¿Sabías que caminar a dos patas no es exclusivo de los humanos? Desde dinosaurios como el T. rex hasta el Eudibamus, un reptil que corría erguido hace 290 millones de años, muchos animales lo han hecho antes que nosotros. Analizamos cómo nuestros antepasados, como Sahelanthropus y Ardipithecus, empezaron a caminar hace más de 6 millones de años. Descubrimos por qué el bipedismo no surgió en la sabana, sino incluso en los árboles, y qué ventajas y retos trajo consigo: desde la eficiencia energética hasta partos más complicados. Reflexionamos sobre cómo el bipedismo nos permitió liberar las manos, usar herramientas y, quizás, dar el primer paso hacia lo que nos define como humanos. Una historia de evolución, ciencia y millones de años de pasos compartidos. 

In 1994, a college student called Yohannes Haile Selassie unearthed a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton in Ethiopia. She was the first near-complete skeleton of a species of human ancestor called Ardipithecus ramidus. The paleoanthropologists who discovered her called her Ardi. The discovery upended how scientists view human evolution.Yohannes Haile Selassie speaks to Ben Henderson.Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.(Photo: Yohannes Haile Selassie in the Afar desert, Ethiopia. Credit: CMNH/Woranso-Mille Project)

Por que é errado pensar que viemos dos macacos? Separe trinta minutinhos do seu dia e descubra, com a Mila Massuda, quem são nossos antepassados e como foi a evolução humana. Apresentação: Mila Massuda (@milamassuda) Roteiro: Mila Massuda (@milamassuda) e Emilio Garcia (@emilioblablalogia) Técnica de Gravação: Caio de Santis (@caiodesantis) Editora: Vee Almeida Revisão de Roteiro: Luisa Kahakura (@lukahakura) Mixagem e Masterização: Lívia Mello (@adiscolizard) Produção: Prof. Vítor Soares (@profvitorsoares), Matheus Herédia (@Matheus_Heredia) e BláBláLogia (@blablalogia) Gravado e editado nos estúdios TocaCast, do grupo Tocalivros (@tocalivros) REFERÊNCIAS BRUNET, M. et al. A new hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad, Central Africa. Nature, v. 418, n. 6894, p. 145–151, jul. 2002. BRUNET, M. et al. New material of the earliest hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad. Nature, v. 434, n. 7034, p. 752–755, abr. 2005. DARWIN, Charles. A origem das espécies. 2009. PICKFORD, M; SENUT B. “Millennium Ancestor”, a 6-million-year-old bipedal hominid from Kenya : news & views. South African journal of science, v. 97, p. 22, 1 jan. 2001. PICKFORD, M. et al. Bipedalism in Orrorin tugenensis revealed by its femora. Comptes Rendus Palevol, v. 1, n. 4, p. 191–203, set. 2002. WHITE, Tim D. et al. Ardipithecus ramidus and the paleobiology of early hominids. science, v. 326, n. 5949, p. 64-86, 2009.

Eleven years ago — almost to the day — a National Geographic Explorer, Paul Salopek, began to walk across the globe. His trek started in Ethiopia in the Horn of Africa, and it will eventually take him all the way to the southern tip of South America. Salopek started by traversing the route of the first human migration, about 60,000 years ago, in Africa.  “I'd gone there prepared to kind of walk in a sunlit desert, and it was a rainy day in a small village near the site of one of the earliest modern Homo sapiens skeletons ever found there, like 150-160,000 years old,” Salopek recalled.The World caught up with Salopek to learn more about the starting point of his journey in Herto Buri, Ethiopia in 2013.  Marco Werman: I know you weren't walking by yourself the whole time. Tell us about some of the people you traveled with.Paul Salopek: Yeah. So, this project, I remind my readers, is not just “Paul's journey.” In fact, I'm just one participant in this long, over-the-horizon traverse that involves walking with local people and local storytellers. So, I'm almost never alone. And that's by design. So, at the very beginning, I was walking with several gentlemen who were camel pastoralists pushing around camels, goats and cattle across this very dry, desiccated kind of skeletal landscape. And these guys were great. I mean, they were tremendous singers. As you may know, pastoralists often communicate with the animals that they're taking charge of, so they had love songs they were singing to their camels.Ahmed Alema Hessan, your guide, is also a clan leader and a former camel driver. Tell us about Ahmed.Well, he's a really fascinating global character. And this is only in the age that Marco, you and I live in, in our lifespan, that there would be somebody you'd find like this. But here's a guy who had, I think, an elementary school education who grew up as a pastoral nomad in the [Great] Rift Valley of Africa and who was deeply identified with his ethnic group, the Afar. But at the same time, he had been working with world-class paleoanthropologists. Like the best people around the world, including Ethiopian paleoanthropologists from the capital, Addis Ababa, who had come out to look for human fossils. And he was very adept at identifying human fossils. So, he was this guy who straddled two worlds: the ancient and the new. And on his little phone, and back then, think about it, in 2013, these were flip phones. These weren't smartphones out in this corner of the world. His contacts were the most brilliant minds from the University of California, Berkeley, to the local police commander, you know, who you had to check in with to kind of keep us from getting in trouble across the way.And while we're on the subject, Paul, I know you said this is not a “Paul walk,” but where are you from? And why did you want to do this? So, my background is that I was born in the US but raised in Mexico. I've been kind of multicultural from 5 years old, growing up in a society that wasn't my birth culture. I'm kind of a guy who's a little bit culturally amorphous. I think it's given me the skill set to be able to do the job that I was doing for many years leading up to this big walk, which was being a foreign correspondent. That kind of journalism, for me, had kind of plateaued. I did as much as I possibly could. I'm proud of the work. I learned a lot, but I wanted to slow myself down and get off the airplanes, right, and get off the rental cars and actually kind of move from story to story on foot and actually inhabit the stories long enough to have a little bit deeper comprehension of them; whether it was the climate crisis, cultural endurance or what have you. Slowing down seems to be key to what I call “slow journalism.” Ethiopia, 2013. National Geographic Explorer Paul Salopek walks in the Afar Desert. Join the journey at outofedenwalk.org. Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic. Credit: Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic So, Ethiopia, where you began this trek, has gone through some serious upheaval since you were there — a war in the Tigray region that drew in neighboring countries. Does having walked across Ethiopia provide you with a longer, maybe a more nuanced, view than most outsiders would have had of the land and its people?What walking does is it plants you in a panorama that is natural and human. You have to move, navigate your way through it and problem solve your way through it using the same resources as the people who are around you. It puts you even more on a better level playing field with them. You're not driving up in a fancy car and rolling down the window and asking for directions, you're walking to them. And they have a chance to see you approach, and they get ready for you, and I get ready for them, and there's a real meaningful human encounter at three miles an hour.Yeah, that's a big difference.But also slowing yourself down, you see how incredibly complicated societies are. There are more than 70 ethnic groups in Ethiopia, right? There are three big ones, but there are 60-some-odd others. Walking allowed me to immerse myself in a corner of Ethiopia that I would never get to know, that had its own problems with human aggression and conflict. In this case, between the Afar and another pastoral group called the Issa over resources, right? So, I would never have really been able to be exposed to that kind of deeper, far older story without kind of walking through it. Ethiopia, 2013. National Geographic Explorer Paul Salopek follows local guides into the Afar Desert on a 24,000-mile walk to retrace the human diaspora. Join the journey at outofedenwalk.org. Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic. Credit: Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic A bunch of years ago, I visited a place in Addis Ababa, a place that I know you've been to. The National Museum where the bones of the world's earliest known hominid are kept, Lucy. She's been discovered in the northern part of the Great Rift Valley. For the Ethiopians you met while walking, what does it mean that there in their country is this fundamental connection to the beginning of humankind?Oh, a huge amount of pride. The Ethiopians will tell you, “We're the cradle of it all," right? And the answer is yes, they are. There is one kind of site where fossils have been preserved that are extremely old, and they go even older than Lucy. Lucy's like 1.8 million [years old] or so. They found Ardipithecus, which is 4 million years old in that country. But what I have to remind my readers is there's no kind of distinct "cradle," in quotes. I mean, the true fact is that they're ancient fossils up in northwestern Africa, they're discovering some very old ones in southern Africa, and they're probably several different notes of the origins of our kind.Parts of this interview have been lightly edited for length and clarity.Writer and National Geographic Explorer Paul Salopek has embarked on a 24,000-mile storytelling trek across the world called the “Out of Eden Walk.” The National Geographic Society, committed to illuminating and protecting the wonder of our world, has funded Salopek and the project since 2013. Explore the project here. Follow the journey on X at @PaulSalopek, @outofedenwalk and also at @InsideNatGeo.

Eleven years ago — almost to the day — a National Geographic Explorer, Paul Salopek, began to walk across the globe. His trek started in Ethiopia in the Horn of Africa, and it will eventually take him all the way to the southern tip of South America. Salopek started by traversing the route of the first human migration, about 60,000 years ago, in Africa.  “I'd gone there prepared to kind of walk in a sunlit desert, and it was a rainy day in a small village near the site of one of the earliest modern Homo sapiens skeletons ever found there, like 150-160,000 years old,” Salopek recalled.The World caught up with Salopek to learn more about the starting point of his journey in Herto Buri, Ethiopia in 2013.  Marco Werman: I know you weren't walking by yourself the whole time. Tell us about some of the people you traveled with.Paul Salopek: Yeah. So, this project, I remind my readers, is not just “Paul's journey.” In fact, I'm just one participant in this long, over-the-horizon traverse that involves walking with local people and local storytellers. So, I'm almost never alone. And that's by design. So, at the very beginning, I was walking with several gentlemen who were camel pastoralists pushing around camels, goats and cattle across this very dry, desiccated kind of skeletal landscape. And these guys were great. I mean, they were tremendous singers. As you may know, pastoralists often communicate with the animals that they're taking charge of, so they had love songs they were singing to their camels.Ahmed Alema Hessan, your guide, is also a clan leader and a former camel driver. Tell us about Ahmed.Well, he's a really fascinating global character. And this is only in the age that Marco, you and I live in, in our lifespan, that there would be somebody you'd find like this. But here's a guy who had, I think, an elementary school education who grew up as a pastoral nomad in the [Great] Rift Valley of Africa and who was deeply identified with his ethnic group, the Afar. But at the same time, he had been working with world-class paleoanthropologists. Like the best people around the world, including Ethiopian paleoanthropologists from the capital, Addis Ababa, who had come out to look for human fossils. And he was very adept at identifying human fossils. So, he was this guy who straddled two worlds: the ancient and the new. And on his little phone, and back then, think about it, in 2013, these were flip phones. These weren't smartphones out in this corner of the world. His contacts were the most brilliant minds from the University of California, Berkeley, to the local police commander, you know, who you had to check in with to kind of keep us from getting in trouble across the way.And while we're on the subject, Paul, I know you said this is not a “Paul walk,” but where are you from? And why did you want to do this? So, my background is that I was born in the US but raised in Mexico. I've been kind of multicultural from 5 years old, growing up in a society that wasn't my birth culture. I'm kind of a guy who's a little bit culturally amorphous. I think it's given me the skill set to be able to do the job that I was doing for many years leading up to this big walk, which was being a foreign correspondent. That kind of journalism, for me, had kind of plateaued. I did as much as I possibly could. I'm proud of the work. I learned a lot, but I wanted to slow myself down and get off the airplanes, right, and get off the rental cars and actually kind of move from story to story on foot and actually inhabit the stories long enough to have a little bit deeper comprehension of them; whether it was the climate crisis, cultural endurance or what have you. Slowing down seems to be key to what I call “slow journalism.” Ethiopia, 2013. National Geographic Explorer Paul Salopek walks in the Afar Desert. Join the journey at outofedenwalk.org. Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic. Credit: Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic So, Ethiopia, where you began this trek, has gone through some serious upheaval since you were there — a war in the Tigray region that drew in neighboring countries. Does having walked across Ethiopia provide you with a longer, maybe a more nuanced, view than most outsiders would have had of the land and its people?What walking does is it plants you in a panorama that is natural and human. You have to move, navigate your way through it and problem solve your way through it using the same resources as the people who are around you. It puts you even more on a better level playing field with them. You're not driving up in a fancy car and rolling down the window and asking for directions, you're walking to them. And they have a chance to see you approach, and they get ready for you, and I get ready for them, and there's a real meaningful human encounter at three miles an hour.Yeah, that's a big difference.But also slowing yourself down, you see how incredibly complicated societies are. There are more than 70 ethnic groups in Ethiopia, right? There are three big ones, but there are 60-some-odd others. Walking allowed me to immerse myself in a corner of Ethiopia that I would never get to know, that had its own problems with human aggression and conflict. In this case, between the Afar and another pastoral group called the Issa over resources, right? So, I would never have really been able to be exposed to that kind of deeper, far older story without kind of walking through it. Ethiopia, 2013. National Geographic Explorer Paul Salopek follows local guides into the Afar Desert on a 24,000-mile walk to retrace the human diaspora. Join the journey at outofedenwalk.org. Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic. Credit: Photograph by John Stanmeyer, National Geographic A bunch of years ago, I visited a place in Addis Ababa, a place that I know you've been to. The National Museum where the bones of the world's earliest known hominid are kept, Lucy. She's been discovered in the northern part of the Great Rift Valley. For the Ethiopians you met while walking, what does it mean that there in their country is this fundamental connection to the beginning of humankind?Oh, a huge amount of pride. The Ethiopians will tell you, “We're the cradle of it all," right? And the answer is yes, they are. There is one kind of site where fossils have been preserved that are extremely old, and they go even older than Lucy. Lucy's like 1.8 million [years old] or so. They found Ardipithecus, which is 4 million years old in that country. But what I have to remind my readers is there's no kind of distinct "cradle," in quotes. I mean, the true fact is that they're ancient fossils up in northwestern Africa, they're discovering some very old ones in southern Africa, and they're probably several different notes of the origins of our kind.Parts of this interview have been lightly edited for length and clarity.Writer and National Geographic Explorer Paul Salopek has embarked on a 24,000-mile storytelling trek across the world called the “Out of Eden Walk.” The National Geographic Society, committed to illuminating and protecting the wonder of our world, has funded Salopek and the project since 2013. Explore the project here. Follow the journey on X at @PaulSalopek, @outofedenwalk and also at @InsideNatGeo.

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao   ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT   This show is sponsored by Enlites, Learning & Development done differently. Check the website here: http://enlites.com/   Dr. Carrie Mongle is Assistant Professor in the Department of Anthropology at Stony Brook University and the Turkana Basin Institute. She also heads the Mongle Lab. Her research aims to reconstruct the major trends and transitions that characterize hominin diversity and evolution. Her ongoing work toward that goal involves (1) the discovery and description of new hominin fossils from the Turkana Basin in Kenya; (2) quantification of morphological variation; and (3) comprehensive phylogenetic analyses founded on the careful character assessment of both craniodental and postcranial characters.   In this episode, we talk about hominin phylogenetics. We first talk about work done in the Turkana Basin in Kenya. We talk about craniodental and postcranial features looked at when studying human phylogenetics, and changes in hominin dentition. We discuss what we know about hominin phylogeny, and the cases of Ardipithecus ramidus and Australopithecus sediba. We talk about studying microevolution and macroevolution, and how they interact. We talk about the example of primate molars. We discuss the relationship between development and evolution. We talk about how we can best model hominin evolution. Finally, we discuss some unanswered questions in human phylogenetics. -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS/SUPPORTERS: PER HELGE LARSEN, JERRY MULLER, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BERNARDO SEIXAS, OLAF ALEX, ADAM KESSEL, MATTHEW WHITINGBIRD, ARNAUD WOLFF, TIM HOLLOSY, HENRIK AHLENIUS, JOHN CONNORS, FILIP FORS CONNOLLY, DAN DEMETRIOU, ROBERT WINDHAGER, RUI INACIO, ZOOP, MARCO NEVES, COLIN HOLBROOK, PHIL KAVANAGH, SAMUEL ANDREEFF, FRANCIS FORDE, TIAGO NUNES, FERGAL CUSSEN, HAL HERZOG, NUNO MACHADO, JONATHAN LEIBRANT, JOÃO LINHARES, STANTON T, SAMUEL CORREA, ERIK HAINES, MARK SMITH, JOÃO EIRA, TOM HUMMEL, SARDUS FRANCE, DAVID SLOAN WILSON, YACILA DEZA-ARAUJO, ROMAIN ROCH, DIEGO LONDOÑO CORREA, YANICK PUNTER, ADANER USMANI, CHARLOTTE BLEASE, NICOLE BARBARO, ADAM HUNT, PAWEL OSTASZEWSKI, NELLEKE BAK, GUY MADISON, GARY G HELLMANN, SAIMA AFZAL, ADRIAN JAEGGI, PAULO TOLENTINO, JOÃO BARBOSA, JULIAN PRICE, EDWARD HALL, HEDIN BRØNNER, DOUGLAS FRY, FRANCA BORTOLOTTI, GABRIEL PONS CORTÈS, URSULA LITZCKE, SCOTT, ZACHARY FISH, TIM DUFFY, SUNNY SMITH, JON WISMAN, DANIEL FRIEDMAN, WILLIAM BUCKNER, PAUL-GEORGE ARNAUD, LUKE GLOWACKI, GEORGIOS THEOPHANOUS, CHRIS WILLIAMSON, PETER WOLOSZYN, DAVID WILLIAMS, DIOGO COSTA, ANTON ERIKSSON, CHARLES MOREY, ALEX CHAU, AMAURI MARTÍNEZ, CORALIE CHEVALLIER, BANGALORE ATHEISTS, LARRY D. LEE JR., OLD HERRINGBONE, STARRY, MICHAEL BAILEY, DAN SPERBER, ROBERT GRESSIS, IGOR N, JEFF MCMAHAN, JAKE ZUEHL, BARNABAS RADICS, MARK CAMPBELL, TOMAS DAUBNER, LUKE NISSEN, CHRIS STORY, KIMBERLY JOHNSON, BENJAMIN GELBART, JESSICA NOWICKI, LINDA BRANDIN, NIKLAS CARLSSON, ISMAËL BENSLIMANE, GEORGE CHORIATIS, VALENTIN STEINMANN, PER KRAULIS, KATE VON GOELER, ALEXANDER HUBBARD, LIAM DUNAWAY, BR, MASOUD ALIMOHAMMADI, PURPENDICULAR, JONAS HERTNER, URSULA GOODENOUGH, GREGORY HASTINGS, DAVID PINSOF, SEAN NELSON, MIKE LAVIGNE, JOS KNECHT, ERIK ENGMAN, AND LUCY! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, JIM FRANK, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, TOM VANEGDOM, BERNARD HUGUENEY, CURTIS DIXON, BENEDIKT MUELLER, THOMAS TRUMBLE, KATHRINE AND PATRICK TOBIN, JONCARLO MONTENEGRO, AL NICK ORTIZ, AND NICK GOLDEN! AND TO MY EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS, MATTHEW LAVENDER, SERGIU CODREANU, BOGDAN KANIVETS, AND ROSEY!

We talk a lot about human origins, so we thought this would be a good time time to do an overview of paleoanthropology, and the human evolutionary tree. In this first episode of the series we start with some of the oldest human ancestors including Sahelanthropus tchadensis and Ardipithecus ramidus.Links Human Family Tree Human Evolution Interactive TimelineContact Chris Webster chris@archaeologypodcastnetwork.com Rachel Roden rachel@unraveleddesigns.com RachelUnraveled (Instagram)ArchPodNet APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet Tee Public StoreAffiliates Wildnote TeePublic Timeular Motion

We talk a lot about human origins, so we thought this would be a good time time to do an overview of paleoanthropology, and the human evolutionary tree. In this first episode of the series we start with some of the oldest human ancestors including Sahelanthropus tchadensis and Ardipithecus ramidus.Links Human Family Tree Human Evolution Interactive TimelineContact Chris Websterchris@archaeologypodcastnetwork.com Rachel Rodenrachel@unraveleddesigns.comRachelUnraveled (Instagram)ArchPodNet APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet Tee Public StoreAffiliates Wildnote TeePublic Timeular Motion

Between 1992 and 1994, working in the Awash region of Ethiopia, the same region that Ardipithecus kadabba would be found a few years later, paleoanthropologist Tim White unearthed well over 100 specimens of something new.   What was it?   Evolution Talk is also a book! You can find links to Amazon, Barnes & Noble and others on the front page of EvolutionTalk.com, or call your local bookstore and ask them to order a copy. For show notes and more, please visit https://EvolutionTalk.com   Music: Caravan by Podington Bear, License (CC BY 3.0): Artist website: soundofpicture.com Bit Rio by Podington Bear, License (CC BY 3.0): Artist website: soundofpicture.com Gamma Ray by Podington Bear, License (CC BY 3.0): Artist website: soundofpicture.com Climbing the Mountain by Podington Bear, License (CC BY 3.0): Artist website: soundofpicture.com Toboggan (Smooth Run) by Podington Bear, License (CC BY 3.0): Artist website: soundofpicture.com

In the last couple of episodes we've met two early travellers along the Hominin River.  Today, we will meet yet another one.  This one lived approximately 5.5 million years ago.  It is know as Ardipithecus kadabba, and this is its story.   Evolution Talk is also a book! You can find links to Amazon, Barnes & Noble and others on the front page of EvolutionTalk.com, or call your local bookstore and ask them to order a copy. For show notes and more, please visit https://EvolutionTalk.com

Anna and Amber work their way up the trunk of our shared evolutionary tree, tackling the thorny issues of identifying our earliest mammal, primate, and hominin ancestors. We learn about the early development of bipedal walking, and really struggle (as usual) with the question of deep time, but this week it escalates to wondering how anybody knows anything. All we know is, we didn't come from no monkey.To learn more about what we discuss this week, check out: These Rodent-Like Creatures Are the Earliest Known Ancestor of Humans, Whales and Shrews (LiveScience)Human Evolution Timeline Interactive (Smithsonian Institution)New faces of Aegyptopithecus from the Oligocene of Egypt (Journal of Human Evolution)Sahelanthropus: "The femur of Toumaï?" (John Hawks Weblog)Femur findings remain a secret (Nature)Geology and Paleontology of the Late Miocene Middle Awash Valley, Afar Rift, Ethiopia (Nature, via ResearchGate)The life history of Ardipithecus ramidus: A heterochronic model of sexual and social maturation (Anthropological Review, via ResearchGate)Ardipithecus ramidus and the evolution of language and singing: An early origin for hominin vocal capability (HOMO)Evolution: The First Four Billion YearsFetal load and the evolution of lumbar lordosis in bipedal hominins (Nature)Why Pregnant Women Don't Tip Over (New York Times)

The fossil record touted for human evolution is evaporating, year after year, decade after decade, post-Darwin. The media hype isn't quite enough to keep the theory on life support. Neanderthal turned out to be fully human. Ardipithecus ramidus turned out to be an ape. Naledi turned out to be an ape-like creature more recently gone extinct—not the missing link everybody had hoped for. Turkana boy turned out to be fully human. Lucy was a knuckle walker after all. The evidence has gone up in smoke, and evolutionists are now in crisis. Subsequent research into fossil finds would always increase levels of skepticism concerning conclusions drawn. Significant disagreement prevailed among evolutionary paleontologists concerning the evidence itself. While consensus was illusive among the evolutionary scientific community, universities and government schools would still carry on a pretense of consensus and dogmatic assertions in the textbooks. 

The fossil record touted for human evolution is evaporating, year after year, decade after decade, post-Darwin. The media hype isn't quite enough to keep the theory on life support. Neanderthal turned out to be fully human. Ardipithecus ramidus turned out to be an ape. Naledi turned out to be an ape-like creature more recently gone extinct-not the missing link everybody had hoped for. Turkana boy turned out to be fully human. Lucy was a knuckle walker after all. The evidence has gone up in smoke, and evolutionists are now in crisis. Subsequent research into fossil finds would always increase levels of skepticism concerning conclusions drawn. Significant disagreement prevailed among evolutionary paleontologists concerning the evidence itself. While consensus was illusive among the evolutionary scientific community, universities and government schools would still carry on a pretense of consensus and dogmatic assertions in the textbooks.

The fossil record touted for human evolution is evaporating, year after year, decade after decade, post-Darwin. The media hype isn't quite enough to keep the theory on life support. Neanderthal turned out to be fully human. Ardipithecus ramidus turned out to be an ape. Naledi turned out to be an ape-like creature more recently gone extinct-not the missing link everybody had hoped for. Turkana boy turned out to be fully human. Lucy was a knuckle walker after all. The evidence has gone up in smoke, and evolutionists are now in crisis. Subsequent research into fossil finds would always increase levels of skepticism concerning conclusions drawn. Significant disagreement prevailed among evolutionary paleontologists concerning the evidence itself. While consensus was illusive among the evolutionary scientific community, universities and government schools would still carry on a pretense of consensus and dogmatic assertions in the textbooks. --This program includes- --1. The World View in 5 Minutes with Adam McManus -NPR plays audio of an abortion on air, Ohio voter stumps Democrat Senator Tim Ryan, Nigerian Muslims kidnap 40 kids and demand -70,000 ransom- --2. Generations with Kevin Swanson

  RSR host Fred Williams and Brodie Leitch continue to expose the deception behind the Smithonian's Hall of Origins and the widely promoted 'march of progress' illustration that has effectively fooled many into believing in evolution. Today's show uncovers the truth behind 3 more alleged ape-men promoted by the Smithonian: Ardipithecus kadabba, Ardipithecus ramidus (Ardi), and Australopithecus anamensis. The first alleged ape-man in the list was boldly proclaimed as bipedal, all based off of a single toe bone! The 2nd ape included 34 pulverized bones that 14 reconstructions later yielded the look wanted by Dr. Owen Lovejoy, who has a history of bonesaw reconstructions to produce fake ape-men to promote his propagandist narrative. Finally, the last ape-man in the list was just 3 bone fragments scattered 600 miles apart that is unlikely the same creature. As famed Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould once candidly admitted, “Most hominid fossils ... serve as a basis for endless speculation and elaborate storytelling" all based on "fragments of jaws and scraps of skulls”.  Ape-men article rebuttals 3 through 5... (see Smithonian Part 1 show for first two rebuttal articles; articles courtesy of Brodie Leitch) 3. Ardipithecus kadabba “Ardipithecus kadabba” (pronounced: “Aar-duh-pith-uh-kuhs kuh-dah-bah” and meaning “oldest ancestor” in the Afar language) was discovered in the Middle Awash Valley in Ethiopia in 1997. In spite of the fact that this alleged species “is only known in the fossil record by a few post-cranial bones and sets of teeth,” (a total of 36 bone fragments) The Smithsonian claims that: “‘Ardipithecus kadabba' was bipedal.” The “evidence” for this claim is: “One bone from the large toe has a broad, robust appearance, suggesting its use in bipedal push-off.” Claiming to have discovered an ape-man, (and a bipedal one, no less) based off of a single toe bone is already sketchy, but it gets worse for the evolutionists. In the same article, the Smithsonian admits that:“So far, the evidence for ‘Ardipithecus kadabba's' upright walking comes from a single toe bone that dates to 5.2 million years old [400,000 years younger than the other specimens] and was found 10 miles away from the other ‘Ardipithecus kadabba' specimens.” After their bold claim of bipedality and confession of such little evidence, the Smithsonian asks: “Was Ardipithecus kadabba routinely bipedal?”, “If Ardipithecus kadabba walked upright, what was its gait like?” and “is Ardipithecus kadabba somehow related to Orrorin tugenensis and Sahelanthropus tchadensis?” So not only are they unsure if “Ardipithecus kadabba” walked upright, they aren't sure it's related to humans either. 4. Ardipithecus ramidus (Ardi) (Partial skeleton (ARA-VP-6/500) "Ardi".) “Ardipithecus ramidus” (pronounced: “Aar-duh-pith-uh-kuhs ram-ee-dus” and nicknamed “Ardi”) was discovered in Middle Awash and Gona, Ethiopia between 1992 and 1994. The fragments were assembled into a partial skeleton in 2009. (15 years later.) The Smithsonian claims that: “Since that time, [1992-1994] [paleoanthropologist, Dr. Tim] White's team have uncovered over 100 fossil specimens of Ardipithecus ramidus.” Keep in mind that even with 100+ “specimens”, (which are only fragments and according to the Australia museum, “represent about 35 individual members of this species”) they still only have 1 skeleton. The discoverers argue that “the ‘Ardi' skeleton reflects a human-African ape common ancestor that was not chimpanzee-like.” However, the fossils were in such poor condition, that Dr. Tim White (the leading paleontologist on the team who discovered the fossils) stated that they were “like roadkill” with the discovery channel adding in their documentary, “Discovering Ardi”, that: “Her skull was found in 34 pulverized, scattered pieces that were compacted down to about one-and-a-half inches thick.” One of the allegedly human-like features is the pelvis. Some evolutionists claim that the pelvis shows adaptations that combine tree-climbing and bipedal activity. However, as reported in the Discovery Channel's documentary titled: “Discovering Ardi”, the pelvis was too badly broken and fragile to take out of the matrix it was in, so Dr. Owen Lovejoy made a reconstruction based on his knowledge of primate anatomy and a Micro CT scanner. After 14 different possible configurations, the team settled on the configuration shown in most reports. Secular paleo-experts Drs. Wood and Harrison, rightly expressed a great deal of concern about this, pointing out that “a whole lot of speculation went into the final pelvis reconstruction.” Dr. Jungers stated that: “That's really kind of a 3-D Rorschach test if you ask me,” and "I'm still not convinced that it's necessarily completely accurate”. The Smithsonian is still asking: “Does the pelvis of Ar. ramidus support the hypothesis that this early human species was bipedal?” (Ardi's Pelvis vs. Rorschach Inkblot Test) Dr. Lovejoy believes that Ardi's spine was probably long and curved like a human's rather than short and stiff like a chimp's. He based that belief on both the pelvis that was reconstructed 14 times and his guess that Ardi had 6 lumbar vertebrae, (despite the fact that most apes have only 3 or 4, and humans have 5) but they don't even have any of Ardi's lumbar vertebrae. The displays and animations of Ardi, insert an entirely imaginary spine (with a four-part curve like humans) into the reconstructed base of her skull using imaginary neck vertebrae. Most of the foramen magnum (the whole in the base of the skull where the spinal chord connects) which the imaginary spine is connected to, is also missing. Unlike Ardi's “human-like” features (which are speculative at best) Ardi's ape-like features are obvious. According to Science.org: “The skull of this tiny ape can fit into the palm of your hand like a softball and her brain was about the same size as bonobo or a female chimp.” In addition to that, Ardi's foot had a hallux, (grasping toe, hanging off to the side) just like apes have today so they can use their feet like hands for grabbing branches while moving in trees. According to Dr. Tim White, the toe “really doesn't differ from apes, and that's the surprising thing. It is fully apelike.” Dr. Jungers added “I see nothing in the foot that suggests bipedality.” As Genesis Apologetics states: “When you put her [Ardi] next to a bonobo, it sure seems like she fits into the ape family quite well.” 5. Australopithecus anamensis Australopithecus anamensis (pronounced “Ah-struh-low-pith-ee-kus A-na-men-sees”) is a set of fossil fragments, discovered between 1965 and 2019. (A 54-Year span)  Fossils of this “species” have been found in the Middle Awash region in northeast Ethiopia and at three sites (Allia Bay, Kanapoi and Sibolot) around Lake Turkana in Kenya. The areas in which these fossils were discovered are almost 600 miles apart. Most of the fragments undoubtedly came from apes. The Smithsonian's article on ‘Australopithecus anamensis' lists multiple obvious ape-like features: “Long forearms and features of the wrist bones suggest these individuals probably climbed trees” “a protruding face” “long and narrow braincase” “forwardly projecting cheekbones similar to Paranthropus” “thickly-built, long, narrow… strong jaws” “heavily enameled teeth” “The sites where remains of ‘Australopithecus anamensis' have been found were forests and woodlands that grew around lakes.” The Australian Museum adds:  “size was probably similar to that of modern chimpanzees” And the journal “Nature” reported that anamensis had:  “specialized wrist morphology associated with knuckle-walking.” Controversy has surrounded the allegedly more human-like nature of the tibia and humerus. The Smithsonian says that:  “The top part of the tibia (where the lower leg meets the knee) is concave, or depressed from stress. This shows that the individual often put weight on the bone—evidence of standing upright. The lower part of the tibia (where the lower leg meets the ankle) is wider or thicker—evidence that it acted as a type of shock absorber as this individual walked.” The Australian Museum says likewise: “the knee-end of the tibia (shin bone) was human-like as the upper surfaces of the two knobs (condyles) at the top of the tibia were similar in size and concave in shape. This feature indicates this species could walk bipedally (on two legs).” And the “Scientific American” adds: “The anamensis humerus lacks a deep, oval hollow, used as a locking mechanism between the humerus and ulna, the latter being present in chimpanzees, but not in humans, and the anamensis tibia is wide, as in humans, because of extra spongy tissue, which acts as shock absorbers during bipedal locomotion.” These are very strong claims considering that they're only based on 3 bone fragments. Contrary to these overly-confident claims, in a 1995

Hey, Barbs. Do you like the new nickname I came up with for my young, hip, rabidly devoted, extremely online House of Barbrism fan base? I was gonna go with Army, but that was already taken…by the military. So, Barbs, here's the deal, I want you. I mean I want your body. I mean I want you so bad right now. Dammit, Doc, we talked about this! I mean I  want your STORY. I'm so grateful to the amazing people who have shared their closet stories so far, but I am a greedy, greedy, guh-reedy bottom and enough is never enough. I need more! Wherever you are in the world, whatever your age, if you are queer and anywhere on the evolutionary scale between Australopithecus and homo sapiens sapiens, I want to interview you! No one needs to know your name if you're into the whole anonymity thing, I just want your body, I mean story. So, what are you waiting for? Drop me a line at buttstuff@documentabarbrism.com. I'm sure I don't need to remind you sensual, lubricious Barbs that there's only one “a” in “Barbrism.” Or find me on Insta @DocumentaBarbrism or find me on Twitter @DocumentaB or find me online @DocumentaBarbrism.com. Or better yet, find me a boyfriend! I'm so terribly, terribly lonely. Anyhoo, you, me, Closet Practice - it's a match made in Hell's Kitchen! As always, thanks for listening, you beautiful Barbs, out there in the dark. Talk to you soon! And apologies to any Ardipithecus or hominidae out there I might have offended. 

In our mythologies, there's often a singular moment when we became “human.” Eve plucked the fruit of the tree of knowledge and gained awareness of good and evil. Prometheus created men from clay and gave them fire. But in the modern origin story, evolution, there's no defining moment of creation. Instead, humans emerged gradually, generation by generation, from earlier species. As with any other complex adaptation—a bird's wing, a whale's fluke, our own fingers—our humanity evolved step by step, over millions of years. Mutations appeared in our DNA, spread through the population, our ancestors slowly became something more like us and, finally, we appeared. Strange Apes, But Still Apes People are animals, but we're unlike other animals. We have complex languages that let us articulate and communicate ideas. We're creative: we make art, music, tools. Our imaginations let us think up worlds that once existed, dream up worlds that might yet exist, and reorder the external world according to those thoughts. Our social lives are complex networks of families, friends, and tribes, linked by a sense of responsibility towards each other. We also have awareness of ourselves and our universe: sentience, sapience, consciousness, whatever you call it. And yet the distinction between ourselves and other animals is, arguably, artificial. Animals are more like humans than we might think—or like to think. Almost all behavior we once considered unique to ourselves is seen in animals, even if they're less well developed. That's especially true of the great apes. Chimps, for example, have simple gestural and verbal communication. They make crude tools, even weapons, and different groups have different suites of tools—distinct cultures. Chimps also have complex social lives and cooperate with each other. As Darwin noted in Descent of Man, almost everything odd about Homo sapiens—emotion, cognition, language, tools, society—exists, in some primitive form, in other animals. We're different, but less different than we think. And in the past, some species were far more like us than other apes: Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo erectus, and Neanderthals. Homo sapiens is the only survivor of a once diverse group of humans and human-like apes, the hominins, which includes around 20 known species and probably dozens of unknown species. The extinction of those other hominins wiped out all the species that were intermediate between ourselves and other apes, creating the impression that some vast, unbridgeable gulf separates us from the rest of life on Earth. But the division would be far less clear if those species still existed. What looks like a bright, sharp dividing line is really an artefact of extinction. The discovery of these extinct species now blurs that line again and shows how the distance between us and other animals was crossed—gradually, over millennia. The Evolution of Humanity Our lineage probably split from the chimpanzees around six million years ago. These first hominins, members of the human line, would barely have seemed human, however. For the first few million years, hominin evolution was slow. The first big change was walking upright, which let hominins move away from forests into more open grassland and bush. But if they walked like us, nothing else suggests the first hominins were any more human than chimps or gorillas. Ardipithecus, the earliest well-known hominin, had a brain that was slightly smaller than a chimp's, and there's no evidence they used tools. In the next million years, Australopithecus appeared. Australopithecus had a slightly larger brain; larger than a chimp's, still smaller than a gorilla's. It made slightly more sophisticated tools than chimps, using sharp stones to butcher animals. Then came Homo habilis. For the first time, hominin brain size exceeded that of other apes. Tools like stone flakes, hammer stones, and “choppers” became much more complex. After that, around two million years ago, human evolu...

For the one-year anniversary episode of Hoodoo Plant Mamas, we talk with fellow Aquarius, Shayla Lawz about her upcoming poetry collection "speculation, n." We dive into the difficulty of witnessing state-sanctioned violence against Black people as well as the music that helps us process it all. Shayla Lawz is a writer and interdisciplinary artist from Jersey City, NJ. She works at the intersection of text, sound, and performance and has received fellowships from Cave Canem, Jack Jones Literary Arts, The Center for African American Poetry and Poetics (CAAPP), and The Digital Studies Center at Rutgers-Camden (DiSC). She holds a BA in English from Rutgers University and an MFA in Literary Arts from Brown University. Her writing and hybrid/sound work appear in McSweeney's Quarterly, Catapult, and The Poetry Project, among others. Her debut poetry collection “speculation, n.” was chosen by Ilya Kaminsky for the 2020 Autumn House Poetry Prize. She lives in Brooklyn, NY where she teaches in the Department of Humanities and Media Studies at Pratt Institute. Resources: "speculation, n" Pre-Order Shayla's Website Twitter & Instagram: @shaylalawz "& when the spaceship comes for ____________, i want to go with them: ON HARMONY HOLIDAY, DOUGLAS KEARNEY & JONAH MIXON-WEBSTER" by Shayla Lawz Erykah Badu, Missy Elliott, Sade The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill by Lauryn Hill Long Live the Angels and Real Life by Emeli Sande PHO EP and Shea Butter Baby by Ari Lennox A Seat at the Table and When I Get Home by Solange Songs in A Minor by Alicia Keys My Life by Mary J. Bliges lately i feel EVERYTHING and ARDIPITHECUS by Willow Smith HEAVN by Jamila Woods CTRL by SZA Saturn by NAO BE A PATRON! Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hoodooplantmamas SOCIAL MEDIA Twitter: @hoodooplants Instagram: @hoodooplantmamas EMAIL & SPONSOR INQUIRIES hoodooplantmamas@gmail.com DONATE Paypal: paypal.me/hoodooplantmamas Cashapp: cash.me/$hoodooplantmamas This podcast was created, hosted, and produced by Dani & Leah. Our music was created by Tasha, and our artwork was designed by Bianca.    

„Wenn Menschen von Affen abstammen, warum gibt's dann noch Affen?“ Diese Frage hören Biologinnen und Biologen viel zu häufig. Leicht zu beantworten ist die nicht, denn sie ist von Grund auf falsch gestellt. Menschen stammen nicht von heute lebenden Affen ab - vielmehr haben sie mit ihnen einen gemeinsamen Vorfahren. Menschen haben sich als Teil der Tierwelt des Planeten durch graduelle Evolution innerhalb der Gruppe der Primaten in Afrika zur heute weltweit verbreiteten Spezies Homo sapiens entwickelt und evolvieren nach wie vor. Wir begeben uns in Folge 18 auf die Reise durch die Zeit und verfolgen die Spur des modernen Menschen bis hin zu LUCA, dem letzten gemeinsamen Vorfahren allen Lebens. Wenngleich wir nicht alle Zwischenstationen dieser viele Millionen Generationen andauernden Entwicklung beleuchten können laden wir ein, die wichtigsten Vorfahren unserer eigenen Spezies kennenzulernen und unterwegs zu erfahren, wie Evolution funktioniert, was Klimaveränderungen anrichten können und wieviele Menschen man braucht, um einen Kontinent zu besiedeln. Natürlich schauen wir dabei nicht nur zurück in die weite Vergangenheit, sondern werfen auch einen Blick in die Zukunft und beantworten die Frage, wohin sich der Mensch in Zukunft entwickelt wird. Die faszinierende Antwort (Achtung, Spoiler!): Keine Ahnung.QuellenLucas, T. et al. (2020). Recently increased prevalence of the human median artery of the forearm: A microevolutionary change. Journal of Anatomy. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13224Janečka, J. E. et al. (2007). Molecular and genomic data identify the closest living relative of primates. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1147555Harrison, T. (2010). Apes among the tangled branches of human origins. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1184703Prang, T. C. et al. (2021). Ardipithecus hand provides evidence that humans and chimpanzees evolved from an ancestor with suspensory adaptations. Science Advances. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf2474Vaesen, K. et al.  (2021). An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals. Scientific reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84410-7Ingman, M. et al. (2000). Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/35047064https://www.spektrum.de/news/die-evolution-des-menschen-geht-weiter/1831030https://www.bbcearth.com/news/what-will-humans-look-like-in-a-million-yearsRichard Dawkins demonstrates the evolution of the eye (DebatesOnline, www.youtube.com): https://youtu.be/2X1iwLqM2t0BildquellenCoverbild (Schädel von H. sapiens und H. neanderthalensis), verändert nach: hairymuseummatt (original photo), DrMikeBaxter (derivative work), CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia CommonsArdipithecus: T. Michael Keesey, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia CommonsAustralopithecus: Neanderthal-Museum, Mettmann, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHomo erectus: Neanderthal-Museum, Mettmann, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHomo neanderthalensis: Neanderthal-Museum, Mettmann, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHomo sapiens: Neanderthal-Museum, Mettmann, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Episode 32 This is Part 1 of 2 in our two-part series with Dr. Greta Bowling. In this episode, we dive deep into the timeline of Human Evolution. We first talk about how Darwin's Morphological Species Concept helped scientists answer the age-old question of do we, as humans, come from apes? In short, humans and apes share a common ancestor in the distant past. Primates first evolved 55 Mya (million years ago), but it was not until around 5.8-5.2 Mya would we see early “proto-humans,” or the Ardipithecus, show up in the fossil record. We talk through the timeline from Sahelanthropus tchadensis to Australopithicus afarensis, to the diets of Paranthropus robustus to the first hominins to migrate out of Africa, Homo ergaster, just to name a few. Fun facts are littered throughout and there is even a poem! Come join us in our adventure through geologic time. Do you even evolution? Remember to Be Cool, Stay Tuned (for part 2), and Keep It On the Rocks! --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/geology-on-the-rocks/support

Team returns wallet to owner who lost it in Antarctica 53 years ago; Bethany agrees to place orphans with LGBTQIA+ adults; Daily Beast responds to our Lucy display; New Mexico politicians repeal abortion ban and conscience protections for hospitals and healthcare workers; Roman Catholic Pope says Noah's Flood was a myth but Climate Change flood is a threat; Evolutionists disagree over Ardipithecus ramidus hand bones . . . and other stories reviewed during this March 10, 2021, broadcast of Answers News. - - - - - - - - - - - "This is now the second letter that I am writing to you, beloved. In both of them I am stirring up your sincere mind by way of reminder, that you should remember the predictions of the holy prophets and the commandment of the Lord and Savior through your apostles, knowing this first of all, that scoffers will come in the last days with scoffing, following their own sinful desires. They will say, 'Where is the promise of his coming? For ever since the fathers fell asleep, all things are continuing as they were from the beginning of creation.' For they deliberately overlook this fact, that the heavens existed long ago, and the earth was formed out of water and through water by the word of God, and that by means of these the world that then existed was deluged with water and perished. But by the same word the heavens and earth that now exist are stored up for fire, being kept until the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly." 2 Peter 3:1-7 - - - - - - - - - - - Articles: https://www.foxnews.com/lifestyle/california-man-wallet-antarctica-returned-53-years https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/01/us/bethany-adoption-agency-lgbtq.html https://www.thedailybeast.com/lucy-the-worlds-oldest-woman-doesnt-look-like-youve-been-told https://www.christianheadlines.com/contributors/michael-foust/a-sad-day-new-mexico-repeals-protections-for-healthcare-workers-who-oppose-abortion.html https://justthenews.com/nation/religion/pope-francis-warns-another-great-flood-global-warming-if-we-continue-along-same https://newscientist.com/article/2269038-earliest-human-ancestors-may-have-swung-on-branches-like-chimps/ https://disrn.com/news/watch-video-surfaces-of-young-child-being-led-through-his-gay-bcs/ https://newscientist.com/article/2269577-neanderthal-ears-were-tuned-to-hear-speech-just-like-modern-humans/ - - - - - - - - - - - Photo by Kai Pilger https://unsplash.com/photos/sl9PyLhei3A --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/answerstv/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/answerstv/support

Una breve lezione di storia che ci spiega la classificazione degli ominidi in due gruppi principali: il genere Ardipithecus e il genere Australopithecus.

Fossil Men: The Quest for the Oldest Skeleton and the Origins of Humankind by Kermit Pattison kermitpattison.com A decade in the making, Fossil Men is a scientific detective story played out in anatomy and the natural history of the human body: the first full-length account of the discovery of a startlingly unpredicted human ancestor more than a million years older than Lucy It is the ultimate mystery: where do we come from? In 1994, a team led by fossil-hunting legend Tim White uncovered a set of ancient bones in Ethiopia’s Afar region. Radiometric dating of nearby rocks indicated the resulting skeleton, classified as Ardipithecus ramidus—nicknamed “Ardi”—was an astounding 4.4 million years old, more than a million years older than the world-famous “Lucy.” The team spent the next 15 years studying the bones in strict secrecy, all while continuing to rack up landmark fossil discoveries in the field and becoming increasingly ensnared in bitter disputes with scientific peers and Ethiopian bureaucrats. When finally revealed to the public, Ardi stunned scientists around the world and challenged a half-century of orthodoxy about human evolution—how we started walking upright, how we evolved our nimble hands, and, most significantly, whether we were descended from an ancestor that resembled today’s chimpanzee. But the discovery of Ardi wasn’t just a leap forward in understanding the roots of humanity--it was an attack on scientific convention and the leading authorities of human origins, triggering an epic feud about the oldest family skeleton. In Fossil Men, acclaimed journalist Kermit Pattison brings us a cast of eccentric, obsessive scientists, including White, an uncompromising perfectionist whose virtuoso skills in the field were matched only by his propensity for making enemies; Gen Suwa, a Japanese savant whose deep expertise about teeth rivaled anyone on Earth; Owen Lovejoy, a onetime creationist-turned-paleoanthropologist with radical insights into human locomotion; Berhane Asfaw, who survived imprisonment and torture to become Ethiopia’s most senior paleoanthropologist; Don Johanson, the discoverer of Lucy, who had a rancorous falling out with the Ardi team; and the Leakeys, for decades the most famous family in paleoanthropology. Based on a half-decade of research in Africa, Europe and North America, Fossil Men is not only a brilliant investigation into the origins of the human lineage, but the oldest of human emotions: curiosity, jealousy, perseverance and wonder. About Kermit Pattison Kermit Pattison is the author of Fossil Men: The Quest for the Oldest Skeleton and the Origins of Humankind. He lives with his family in Minnesota.

This week, Anna and Amber bring you the result of episode planning by two hosts who have had a VERY long year and who refuse to back down from a dumb joke. We're talking Mersons of Interest, aquatic apes, men who wear fish, and more! Make sure to listen through the end for...what can only be described as a musical masterpiece. Links Are mermaids real? (NOAA National Ocean Service) Did Human Evolution Include a Semi-Aquatic Phase? (The Scientist [not the Coldplay song]) The African ape-like foot of Ardipithecus ramidus and its implications for the origin of bipedalism (Elife) The Neanderthal Ear—Prone to Irritating Infections (Sapiens) Fantastically Wrong: The Murderous, Sometimes Sexy History of the Mermaid (Wired) An Archaeological Puzzle on the Danube (The New York Times) Lepenski Vir (Atlas Obscura) The genomic history of southeastern Europe (Nature) The Ichthyophagi: Fishing for Monstrosity in Alexander Romances (EsoterX) Olaus Magnus (Strange Science) Olaus Magnus, A Description of the Northern Peoples, 1555: Volume III, Volume 3 (via Google Books) The Mythology of Kingship in Neo-Assyrian Art (via Google Books) Neo-Assyrian fish-apkallu wall panel relief (British Museum) Neo-Assyrian apkallu figurine (British Museum) Berossus on the Creation (Livius) Oannes: The Best Evidence for Ancient Aliens? (Jason Colavito) Contact Email the Dirt Podcast: thedirtpodcast@gmail.com Affiliates Wildnote TeePublic Timeular Find this show on the educational podcast app, Lyceum.fm!

This week, Anna and Amber bring you the result of episode planning by two hosts who have had a VERY long year and who refuse to back down from a dumb joke. We're talking Mersons of Interest, aquatic apes, men who wear fish, and more! Make sure to listen through the end for...what can only be described as a musical masterpiece. Links Are mermaids real? (NOAA National Ocean Service) Did Human Evolution Include a Semi-Aquatic Phase? (The Scientist [not the Coldplay song]) The African ape-like foot of Ardipithecus ramidus and its implications for the origin of bipedalism (Elife) The Neanderthal Ear—Prone to Irritating Infections (Sapiens) Fantastically Wrong: The Murderous, Sometimes Sexy History of the Mermaid (Wired) An Archaeological Puzzle on the Danube (The New York Times) Lepenski Vir (Atlas Obscura) The genomic history of southeastern Europe (Nature) The Ichthyophagi: Fishing for Monstrosity in Alexander Romances (EsoterX) Olaus Magnus (Strange Science) Olaus Magnus, A Description of the Northern Peoples, 1555: Volume III, Volume 3 (via Google Books) The Mythology of Kingship in Neo-Assyrian Art (via Google Books) Neo-Assyrian fish-apkallu wall panel relief (British Museum) Neo-Assyrian apkallu figurine (British Museum) Berossus on the Creation (Livius) Oannes: The Best Evidence for Ancient Aliens? (Jason Colavito) Contact Email the Dirt Podcast: thedirtpodcast@gmail.com Affiliates Wildnote TeePublic Timeular Find this show on the educational podcast app, Lyceum.fm!

hat was a clickbait title, any time we find new pieces of a skeleton from pre-human history it really is a missing link. Terminology to know Hominin– Any species of early human that is more closely related to humans than chimpanzees, including modern humans themselves. (At this point, this includes the genus homo, Australopithecus, Ardipithecus, and Paranthropus. These genus’ can and do change as various new fossils are found, which either add new genus’, or cast doubt on existing ones. Homo and australopithecus are the two most definite) Hominid– All modern AND extinct GREAT apes. Gorillas, chimps, orangs and humans, and their immediate ancestors. Not gibbons. Evolution– The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth. (really basic, click the link to get more info) The fossil in question was a male hominin found in Ethiopia. There are some claims that this is the oldest known ancestor and well that isn’t true. We can’t say for sure that this is even a direct ancestor of ours. What is a Missing Link? A thing that is needed in order to complete a series, provide continuity, or gain complete knowledge.” they are the missing link between prog rock and punk rock” a hypothetical fossil form intermediate between two living forms, especially between humans and apes. Every fossil we find from pre-human bipedal remains is a missing link. It provides a record of how we as humans possibly evolved. Wait, what? That is right, these fossils are amazing and provide a unique glimpse into the life of our early ancestors or so we believe. Here is the thing, because DNA has such a short half-life there is no way to prove that these particularly ancient hominins are our ancestors. You see now that every piece of the fossil record is important to understanding our past. Each piece gives us a clue to the final puzzle, which to be honest is probably unlikely that we ever truly know. That does not make their discovery any less exciting though. Here is what we do know, they are among the first primates to walk on two feet across great distances. This is both an advantage (carrying things, bigger brain, tool use etc.) it is also a disadvantage too, do your knees and ankles hurt frequently? How about your hips or your back? Our weight and weight distribution put a lot of pressure on certain parts of our body. Especially in the lower back, hips, and knees. That is a lot to ask of any part f the body. These would be parts that traditionally seen in Apes and Great Ape species that would be supported by the arms and shoulders as well. This is because pieces of bone from that long ago are really rare and difficult to find and once we find them they are difficult to classify. This skull though is a very interesting find as it is mostly intact. (which is incredibly rare) Most bones from more than a million years or so ago are usually only fragments of the whole. This was nearly an entire skull, and the skull can tell us so much about how this bi-ped lived. Bipedal, Hominin, Ancient human; I guess I don’t really care too much about how you say it. There is a very rich history dating from several million years ago all the up to when humans first presented themselves in the archaeological record. Here is the abstract from the study, Don’t worry about the big words I promise to break it down for you. The cranial morphology of the earliest known hominins in the genus Australopithecus remains unclear. The oldest species in this genus (Australopithecus Anamensis, specimens of which have been dated to 4.2–3.9 million years ago) is known primarily from jaws and teeth, whereas younger species (dated to 3.5–2.0 million years ago) are typically represented by multiple skulls. Here we describe a nearly complete hominin cranium from Woranso-Mille (Ethiopia) that we date to 3.8 million years ago. We assign this cranium to A. Anamensis on the basis of the taxonomically a --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/seth-michels66/support

“ People always want to know where they came from, right? They get excited by new discoveries of dinosaurs, but they become curious by the discovery of early human fossils. ” Yohannes Haile-Selassie is a curator at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History and is a paleoanthropologist studying human evolution. As a graduate student in 1994, he was part of a group searching for fossils in Ethiopia’s Middle Awash region, and found a small, delicate fragment of a hand bone. This fragment lead to the discovery of a 4.4 million-year-old skeleton that would change the earlier chapters of human origins. “ Ardipithecus ramidus is the species name, but the skeleton was nicknamed Ardi, ” Haile-Selassie said. You may have heard of our most famous ancestor, the 3.2 million year old hominid skeleton named Lucy. Her species was the earliest known hominid species for two decades, but then Ardi turned out to be much older. “ The discovery of Ardi has informed us we should even expect more primitive

KT12Found: January 1995By: French and Chadian Team of PalaeontologistsLocality: Bahr El Ghazal, Koro Toro, northern ChadComprising: A distorted cranium and third premolarLived: 3 - 3.5 million years Species Attribution: Australopithecus bahrelghazaliAlternative Attribution: Australopithecus afarensisDiet: Predominantly C4 Plants (Sedges, Grasses)Characteristics that set it apart from Au. afarensis: Thicker enamel than Ardipithecus ramidus and gracile symphysis.----------------------------------------------------------Scientific Papers:1996 - Michel et al - Australopithecus bahrelghazali, une nouvelle espèce d'Hominidé ancien de la région de Koro Toro (Tchad) (Australopithecus bahrelghazali, a new species of early hominid from Koro Toro region, Chad)http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=30827262008 - Lebatard et al - Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Sahelanthropus tchadensis and Australopithecus bahrelghazali: Mio-Pliocene hominids from Chadhttp://www.pnas.org/content/105/9/3226.full.pdf+html2008 - Beauvilain - The contexts of discovery of Australopithecus bahrelghazali (Abel)and of Sahelanthropus tchadensis(Toumaï): unearthed, embedded in sandstone, or surface collected?http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/sajs/v104n5-6/a0310406.pdf2013 - Wynn et al - Diet of Australopithecus afarensis from the Pliocene Hadar Formation, Ethiopiahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3696813/ Want to support the Reframed Origins Podcast?Visit Patreon and donate what you can to this work:https://www.patreon.com/cennathis?u=583944Subscribe to the podcast on itunes: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/podcast/reframed-origins/id964666622?mt=2or every other device: http://www.spreaker.com/show/1372883/episodes/feed

KT12Found: January 1995By: French and Chadian Team of PalaeontologistsLocality: Bahr El Ghazal, Koro Toro, northern ChadComprising: A distorted cranium and third premolarLived: 3 - 3.5 million years Species Attribution: Australopithecus bahrelghazaliAlternative Attribution: Australopithecus afarensisDiet: Predominantly C4 Plants (Sedges, Grasses)Characteristics that set it apart from Au. afarensis: Thicker enamel than Ardipithecus ramidus and gracile symphysis.----------------------------------------------------------Scientific Papers:1996 - Michel et al - Australopithecus bahrelghazali, une nouvelle espèce d'Hominidé ancien de la région de Koro Toro (Tchad) (Australopithecus bahrelghazali, a new species of early hominid from Koro Toro region, Chad)http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=30827262008 - Lebatard et al - Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Sahelanthropus tchadensis and Australopithecus bahrelghazali: Mio-Pliocene hominids from Chadhttp://www.pnas.org/content/105/9/3226.full.pdf+html2008 - Beauvilain - The contexts of discovery of Australopithecus bahrelghazali (Abel)and of Sahelanthropus tchadensis(Toumaï): unearthed, embedded in sandstone, or surface collected?http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/sajs/v104n5-6/a0310406.pdf2013 - Wynn et al - Diet of Australopithecus afarensis from the Pliocene Hadar Formation, Ethiopiahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3696813/ Want to support the Reframed Origins Podcast?Visit Patreon and donate what you can to this work:https://www.patreon.com/cennathis?u=583944Subscribe to the podcast on itunes: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/podcast/reframed-origins/id964666622?mt=2or every other device: http://www.spreaker.com/show/1372883/episodes/feed

Renowned paleoanthropologist Gen Suwa reveals what dental remains can tell us about early Hominids, and discusses the evolutionary significance of Ardipithecus Ramidus. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 20684]

Renowned paleoanthropologist Gen Suwa reveals what dental remains can tell us about early Hominids, and discusses the evolutionary significance of Ardipithecus Ramidus. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 20684]

En 1993, el paleontólogo estadounidense Tim White descubrió en el desierto de Afar, en el nordeste de Etiopía, unas mandíbulas fósiles pertenecientes a homínidos de más de cuatro millones de años de antigüedad, que bautizó con el nombre de Ardipithecus. Tras una minuciosa excavación del yacimiento, se han descubierto a lo largo de los años los huesos de al menos 36 ejemplares del antepasado más antiguo del hombre desde que su linaje se separó del chimpancé.

Adam Van Arsdale gives an overview of the Ardipithecus fossil skeleton (what was found, where, how old it is). Jeremy DeSilva (Anthropology Professor at Boston University) describes his work as a functional anatomist of locomotion and upright walking.

In this week’s installment of Science… sort of; The mysterious Sr. Nino makes an appearance, he teaches the guys and important lesson about jumping to meteorological conclusions but he also needs your help! Once you’ve listened to the show you can e-mail him, "seniornino" at "sciencesortof.com" and find out how you can get involved in SCIENCE! Next Patrick’s tell us about butterflies having sex with caterpillars, which seems like incest but is really bestiality. The lesson: you’re never too old to start a blog for your crackpot theories. Gentleman Broncos is up on the chopping block for this week’s Trailer Trash Talk. We learn a secret of Patrick’s past, a not so secret about Justin’s current, and Ryan hears Kiwis everywhere. Justin is excited about Ardi, a “new” hominid fossil from Africa. The guys disagree with the consensus in a few spots and go through some of the basics of evolutionary theory that confuse creationists and other laymen. Lucy’s grandma is full of surprises! Or maybe she’s exactly what we expected all along… Jon has written in to find out about of sultry feminine intros. The guys defer to Patrick who has to decide whether or not to reveal another secret. Music this week provided by: The Gitanos - Dejame en Paz Blue October - Into The Ocean Flight of the Conchords - Hiphopopotamus vs. Rhymenoceros They Might Be Giants - My Brother The Ape

An international team of scientists has for the first time thoroughly described Ardipithecus ramidus, a hominid species that lived 4.4 million years ago in what is now Ethiopia. The female skeleton, nicknamed Ardi, is 4.4 million years old, 1.2 million years older than the skeleton of Lucy.

Who can tax the sunrise???  Trip to the zoo, race problems that are unresolved by Obama, Ardipithecus crazy talk, tech tips on new anti-malware...processors...and whatever