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Guest: Kelly Sloane, MD For patients who experience aphasia after a stroke, intervention and social support are crucial for recovery. Dr. Kelly Sloane, Assistant Professor of Neurology at the University of Pennsylvania, highlights how timely therapy and strong support systems can help rebuild both language and confidence in these patients. Dr. Sloane also spoke about this topic at the 2025 American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting.

Guest: Kelly Sloane, MD For patients who experience aphasia after a stroke, intervention and social support are crucial for recovery. Dr. Kelly Sloane, Assistant Professor of Neurology at the University of Pennsylvania, highlights how timely therapy and strong support systems can help rebuild both language and confidence in these patients. Dr. Sloane also spoke about this topic at the 2025 American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting.

Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Guest: Yi Bin Chen, MD Guest: Olaf Penack, MD For the past several decades, standard treatment for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) has been systemic high-dose steroids.1 While essential in some ways to initially control aGVHD, steroids are not beneficial in the long run due to the immunosuppression and toxicities associated with high cumulative doses.1,2 So what can be done moving forward to improve first-line steroid response and minimize cumulative steroid exposure? Joining Dr Charles Turck to discuss the potential of nonimmunosuppressive steroid-sparing agents for the first-line treatment of aGVHD are Drs Yi Bin Chen and Olaf Penack. Dr Chen is the Director of the Hematopoietic Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Program at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Dr Penack is a senior physician and principal investigator within Hematology and Oncology at Charité Berlin. References: Bell EJ, Yu J, Bhatt V, et al. Healthcare resource utilization and costs of steroid-associated complications in patients with graft-versus-host disease. Transplant and Cell Ther. 2022;28(10):707.e1-707.e7. Martin PJ, Rizzo JD, Wingard JR, et al. First- and second-line systemic treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease: recommendations of the American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012;18(8):1150-1163. © 2025 CSL BehringCMD-964-0016-JAN25

Guest: Elisa K. Boden, MD For patients with Crohn's disease who require surgery, a variety of risk factors are involved in postoperative recovery and disease control. Learn how prehabilitation programs and lifestyle modifications can reduce complications during and after surgery with Dr. Elisa Boden, an Associate Professor of Medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Oregon Health and Science University.

Guest: Elisa K. Boden, MD For many patients with Crohn's disease, surgery is necessary due to complications like strictures and fistulas. Dr. Elisa Boden explores risk factors and potential complications, which she spoke about at the 2025 Crohn's and Colitis Congress. Dr. Boden is an Associate Professor of Medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Oregon Health and Science University.

Guest: Elisa K. Boden, MD For patients with Crohn's disease who require surgery, a variety of risk factors are involved in postoperative recovery and disease control. Learn how prehabilitation programs and lifestyle modifications can reduce complications during and after surgery with Dr. Elisa Boden, an Associate Professor of Medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Oregon Health and Science University.

Guest: Elisa K. Boden, MD For many patients with Crohn's disease, surgery is necessary due to complications like strictures and fistulas. Dr. Elisa Boden explores risk factors and potential complications, which she spoke about at the 2025 Crohn's and Colitis Congress. Dr. Boden is an Associate Professor of Medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Oregon Health and Science University.

Host: Peter Buch, MD, FACG, AGAF, FACP Guest: Joy Liu, MD For patients with refractory constipation, it's important to evaluate the psychological impact of these symptoms. Unfortunately, this disorder can easily affect a patient's quality of life and keep them from doing their normal routine. So what treatment options can help alleviate some of the burden? Dive in with Dr. Peter Buch as he speaks with Dr. Joy Liu, Instructor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern.

Welcome back to Analyze Scripts, where a psychiatrist and a therapist analyze what Hollywood gets right and wrong about mental health. Today, we are rereleasing one of our favorite episodes where we were joined by one of Dr. Furey's favorite teachers from residency, Dr. Zheala Qayyum. Dr. Qayyum is the Training Director for the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program and the Medical Director of the Emergency Psychiatry Services at Boston Children’s Hospital. She has published on the use of fairy tales in teaching child psychiatry and joins us to discuss the first "Harry Potter" movie. In this episode, we discuss many interesting themes including the psychological effects of early childhood trauma and neglect, the attachment styles of the three main characters, and the importance of friendship in identity formation. We also reflect on the mirror of Erised and the importance of exploring dark feelings and themes in childhood from a safe space, such as through this magical film. We hope you enjoy as much as we enjoyed speaking with Dr. Qayyum! Instagram TikTok Website [00:10] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Hi, I'm Dr. Katrina Fieri, a psychiatrist. And I'm Portia Pendleton, a licensed clinical social worker. And this is Analyze Scripts, a podcast where two shrinks analyze the depiction of mental health in movies and TV shows. Our hope is that you learn some legit info about mental health while feeling like you're chatting with your girlfriends. There is so much misinformation out there. [00:30] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And it drives us nuts. [00:31] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And if someday we pay off our student loans or land a sponsorship, like with a lay flat airline or a major beauty brand, even better. So sit back, relax, grab some popcorn and your DSM Five and enjoy. [00:50] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Don'T. [01:17] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: For a very special episode of Analyze Scripts, because one of my favorite attendings for my residency training is joining us to talk about one of my favorite movies, harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, or The Philosopher's Stone, depending on which country you're watching it in. So today we have Dr. Gila Kayum, the training director for the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship program and the medical director of the emergency Psychiatry services at Boston Children's Hospital. She holds faculty appointments at Yale School of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, and she's the associate director of medical student education and Psychiatry. She's also serving as a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army Reserves Medical Corps and deployed to Afghanistan and was later mobilized in support of the COVID-19 response to New York. Dr. Kayoom has published on the topics of medical education, autism spectrum disorders, inpatient treatment of early psychosis, and LGBTQ, plus youth, the use of fairy tales in teaching child psychiatry, and the risk of youth suicide and firearms. She has a particular interest in the areas of supervision and mentorship, which she's so good at psycho oncology and palliative care. And I feel like we always called her Dr. Q. I guess I'm allowed to call her by her first name because I'm a grown up now, but I still feel kind of funny about it. But you were one of my favorite mentors, and I feel like you're really special because sometimes when you have a mentor, it kind of feels like they're trying to mold you in their image. But I always felt like you just wanted what was best for me, and you were so encouraging, and I just always loved working with you, and you hold a really special place in my heart. [02:58] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: So this is really fun to talk about. [03:00] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Harry Potter no, this is, like, making me teary. This is just a lovely intro I have gotten. And it's just such a thrill that the people that you invest in grow up to be such amazing child or adult or psychiatrists, but more so, just people. And you're very dear to me as well. The best part of being an educator and a clinician is that not only are you trying to sort of transfer your skills or your wisdom, but you get to see your kids grow and become they're meant to be and their best versions. And if you think you're a part of that journey, I think that's just the most amazing privilege. [03:50] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Well, I know you were for me, and I know you were for a lot of my co residents, so it's so true. So I am dying to talk to you about this movie, given your interest in using fairy tales to explore development. So I just kind of want to jump right in and hear what you think about the first Harry Potter movie and kind of what jumps out at you. [04:13] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: So I think one of the loveliest things about Harry Potter was that it was a modern fairy tale, and we've had a lot of lovely fantasy series, but there was something very special about Harry Potter that just captured everyone, whether it was kids or adults. It's interesting, whenever I ask people what their favorite children's book is, inevitably, for a lot of them, it's Harry Potter. And I read it in med school. So I was much older, but I still stood in line at midnight yes, where I was standing next to like, ten year olds in their robes, and I was like, Am I in the right place? But you felt like you were in the right place. And I think that's what it communicated was it was or is a modern fairy tale for all ages. It just has that essence of a fairy tale, that it means something different to different people at whatever stage of development or life they're in. So a child can interpret it in their own way and have things that they resonate with. And as adults, we might find things that resonate to us, whether based on the hero's journey, these ordeals and call to action and your helpers that bring you along, but also the trepidations, the challenges, the times you doubt yourself when things are there. How do you overcome challenges and this power of transformation through a journey and a story that you're not the same person that you started off as, but with all of the things that you've had to experience? How does that evolve and transform you till you come full circle in some way? Not the same person that left, but so much more wiser grown. I think it's the transformative journey that we see from the first book that started, but there are these just themes that just feel like so relevant to today about loss and difficulty and when you're seeing this drive for power around you and how do you fit in the whole picture. And we usually have a reluctant protagonist in many stories that is not fully sure they want to take on the adventure and the call for action, and yet they do. But I think most importantly for me, the biggest thing was the importance of hope and friends. [07:04] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, I totally agree. And it's funny you mentioned hearkening back to standing in line at midnight at, like, Borders Books or wherever you were. I totally did the same thing. I think I was in middle school and then high school. But it is really fascinating how Harry Potter and other fairy tales like it. But I feel like especially Harry Potter, it is such a cultural, communal enjoyment and not just in American culture, but certainly worldwide. It's just such a really cool thing that it just really spans ages, genders, cultures, nationalities, languages. Everyone loves it, right? And I feel like this movie rewatching it now as an adult with my children was so meaningful and fun. So I have a seven year old and a four year old and they were just enraptured by it. They wouldn't stop talking the whole time. They wouldn't take their eyes off and this isn't like a cartoon, so they're still at the ages where really it's cartoons that catch their attention for two and a half hours. But this one did, and that was really interesting to me and really special. And I love some of their commentary. Like, with her, MayAny always raising her hand. My daughter, which I was so happy, said she's got a really big brain. And I was like, yes, she know. And then when Draco came on the scene very early on, my son was like, oh, he's a bully. And I was just you know, it's just really cool to kind of see kids watching it too. [08:40] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah. I think it's worth mentioning something interesting. When I was starting to read the books before the music, the movies had started kind of coming out. I remember very distinctly the religious organization that I was a part of at the time was very split with people thinking that you shouldn't be reading it. It's magic. It's witchcraft. Witchcraft. And then the other half being like, if you know the story, it's like this good versus evil. Good always triumphs. There's hope. There's, like you were saying, friendships. I mean, it's such a positive message. And there's so many interesting. [09:23] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I don't. [09:23] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Know, like, spiritual parallels and parallels throughout all of the books. But I think it was just an interesting time to be know, hearing this spoken series is bad or evil and then reading them. Know, in my family, we were very pro Harry Potter and loving the messages. And I think that was just like I don't know. I'm sure some other people might have had that experience. [09:45] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh, I totally remember. [09:48] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Right. [09:48] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Like, we come to see this boy in, I would say, a pretty abusive home with a lot of neglect. And I think it's funny watching it or thinking about it now versus in. Like, I'm curious what even your kids picked up of the scenes. The parents certainly seem mean and right dismissive. And you picked that up even as a child, like something not right. Why does Dudley receive all of these gifts and Harry not his clothing? [10:18] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, my kids were asking about that? [10:21] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Like why are they so mean to? [10:22] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Why is he living under the stairs? They certainly were asking those questions. [10:29] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, no, I think it's a really lovely depiction of how prevalent and difficult it is for kids that have neglect. And I think also it really sort of from starting from him being under the stairs and just watching Dudley get 36 presents and counting and him thinking about, like he has to get hand me downs to go to school and what that would be like. Just that differential that was created and that sense of otherness or I don't belong or I'm not good enough. It really, I think, beautifully highlights how a child will internalize that, because you see that then play out throughout, which partly keeps him humble when everybody thinks he's this amazing everybody knows him, but he's coming from where? Nobody. Knows anything about him. And he held on to that for a very long time and it really changed his I think we see him work through it, but his sense of belief and faith in his own abilities and his self because they told him he wasn't good enough for a good eleven years. And that sense of feeling like you're worth something that he didn't get initially. And how does one young child actually grow to develop that? Partly it kept him humble in the face of, I don't know, magician dumb or stardom or whatever that was that he got later on. But also, it really impeded his ability to rely on other people. And we see. This in the later books as well, but whenever he has to do something, he's very like the avoidant attachment style. I can't trust people to be there for me. And we know later in the books there are other losses that sort of reinforce that for him. But he embarks on everything on his own and working with others and trusting others comes very, very it's very challenging for him, comes much later. [12:52] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And I like that you brought up his attachment style. Can you explain a little bit what avoided attachment is or the kind of kids or adults we might see that in and how Harry either fits in or doesn't quite fit in. [13:09] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: So the avoidant attachment style is when a young child has inconsistent caregiving where their needs may not be consistently met. And so rather than clinging to their caregiver to get their needs met, they're like avoiding contact with them because they don't know are they coming, are they going, or are they going to be there. So the child starts to avoid that contact and doesn't get need or avoids contact with the caregiver to get soothed and self regulated. So we see the same thing, that since the Attachment is our template for forming relationships, that we carry on in life, we see Harry particularly later on as he's growing older, that even in adolescence, whenever there is a challenge, he goes off on his own rather than relying on anybody else because he doesn't know. Are people going to really be there for him or not? Are they going to leave? Are they going to neglect him? So he might as well do that for himself and just go off on his own. So that sense of avoiding closeness with people because they might leave or not be there for you, is that sense that avoidant children internalize and so they don't keep looking for closeness with people. It's good that we see Harry work through this over a great many books, which also tells you that it runs in parallel with the life experience of a young child who's had early life neglect and avoidant attachment style might need a lot of reinforcement of positive interactions to say, no, you can rely on other people. If you do get close to people, it'll be okay. And yet loss is a very, I think, integral part of our human experience and life. And for an avoidant child, there is that risk that it just might reinforce that belief that people are not going to be there for them. [15:18] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And in addition to Harry having that early childhood neglect and abuse, he also had early loss of his parents, who seem like lovely caregivers, who were likely very attuned to his needs, at least as far as we can tell, and that he was present for their murder. And so I was really curious about your take on that, given around the age they depict that and then what it must have been like for him at age eleven to start learning the truth about that loss at the same time as he's learning their loss is why he's famous or special. I just imagine that's got to be so confusing. [16:03] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Absolutely. And I think that's such a lovely point of there's so much magic instilled in that power, of that parental love that he carried with him that it literally burned. Professor Squirrel. [16:22] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right. [16:23] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: It was so powerful. I think it does show, though, however, that it was at a very sort of vulnerable time period in his life when that death occurred. He was still a baby, and we're thinking, like, till from infancy to toddlerhood, maybe the first part went well when his parents were attuned and taking care of him, but later on, and still in that very vulnerable time frame, he had a lot of neglect. And so as you're entering into your preteen years, your sense of, how do I relate with my peers? Who am I in relationship with them? Will they accept me as? We're thinking about later, latency age and early preteens going into your identity formation, who you are is so sort of determined by who are the people in your life? Who brought you here? What is your story? How did you start? And I remember as a child, my mom would tell me stories about, well, when you were little we did this things I wouldn't remember. But still you create these memories based on the things that your parents tell you as well when you're younger. But those things are so important in our development, and now he had to figure that out on his own. Who was he? What were his parents like? That question of when he goes and sees his father's name on the trophy room and he's like, I didn't know he was a Seeker. There's just so many knowns for him to figure out who he is because he doesn't know where he's coming from, and your legacy or your lineage or what are the wonderful stories about how amazing you are. Your parents tell you he never had that. And now he has to create his own narrative about who he is, which is the whole process through the book. [18:26] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: And speaking of like, identity formation, he went from being told that you're such a burden, you're unwanted. Your parents were horrible, they were weird or strange, to being praised or whoa, Ron's reaction to it's. You with the scar on the train, know, having all of this wealth suddenly and this importance in this world, it's just so interesting. You had written down with Hagrid, like him just going with that to this magical place that if somebody had told an eleven year old me, I think, and I'm hopefully that I'm securely attached, I would have been afraid to go with Hagrid. [19:08] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right. [19:09] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: This big, burly, giant, half giant man who's telling me all these things that we're going to go to this magical place. I think for a securely attached child, they probably wouldn't have gone. But he didn't have any attachments. And then I think anything is better than living with the directly to finally. [19:29] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Take him out of that situation. [19:31] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Right. [19:31] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: It's like almost like this savior has come to rescue him. What were your thoughts about that, Dr. Q? The way he so know, latched onto Hagrid? [19:41] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, I think just like Portia said, it's like that insecure attachment, there's nothing to hold him there. But he's also, I think, like you talked about at a point where he's thinking about things and his life. If he's going to go to the same school as Dudley, what is that going to be? He's getting into trouble constantly. And imagine the message you internalize after you're told that everything you do is wrong or you're a bad kid, and you get told that long enough, you start believing it. So maybe it wasn't such a far fetched thing to say, I'm going and I'm taking off. [20:19] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right. [20:20] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: What's the worst thing that can happen whenever anything I do isn't good anyway? [20:27] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right? And I think we see that in clinical work. And probably you see a lot more, given your line of work, in kids who maybe will go off with not safe people. That sort of increases their vulnerability for those very situations. [20:43] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Because at the core of it, every kid just wants to belong. [20:48] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah. [20:49] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: And so if it was what Hagrid said, is that's where you belong? He hasn't had that sense of belonging at the Dursleys. So he will try. And go and find if he belongs somewhere else and what other people. [21:09] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And he does find. [21:10] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I feel like I'm going to cry. [21:11] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Talking about Harry Potter and also just thinking about Hagrid is like, I just love Hagrid. He's such a gentle giant, but I couldn't think of a better person to come scoop up Harry. Right. Like, even just imagining him sort of putting him in the little sidecar, he's, like, nice and cozy and secure and contained and I hope just feels safe next to this big old guy who. [21:40] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Stood up to the dursleys, right? Chased found him. I remember my blood boiling even watching the movie again or rereading the book when they keep taking his know you know, it's such. [21:58] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: His letter. [21:59] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah, that's the one thing he has. [22:02] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: But then Hogwarts is like, well, we'll send you more. We're not going to give up. And I would imagine for, like, how wonderful. That must feel like, wow, they really. [22:12] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Are trying to get to me. [22:13] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: No one has wanted me like that before. And they're being like Hogwarts or whoever. Dumbledore's love for him is so transcendent and powerful that it wins. Out against the neglect of the know. [22:29] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Just beautiful and sort of how teary Hagrid was when he was first dropping him off when he was a baby and dumbledore saying it's not goodbye for. [22:42] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh my gosh I feel like, that's how I am. Every year the new school year starts, you're just like, oh, my gosh, they're growing up. [22:51] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: And then hermione I think it's worth mentioning. So she has, it seems, securely attached, supportive parents. But is living as a muggle her whole life until receiving these letters and going to Hogwarts and then learning that she is like a mudblood and that she is not good enough. Her blood is like, dirty. And yet she is so brilliant, and I think that's such an interesting reversal of her and Harry's experience. She's still really smart, but it's like it's not good know are calling her names like Draco. And I don't think that she experienced that. Prior know the little bits that we get of her pre hogwarts. [23:40] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And interesting to think about her parents. Like getting this random letter and sending her. Right? [23:47] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah. [23:51] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: That's the wonderful thing about secure attachment and great parenting is know, we're all about you. So if this is who you are and this is your success and this is where you're going to thrive, sure. [24:03] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: We don't know anything. Go for it. [24:06] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: And I think that is part of Hermione's own resilience as well is that that secure attachment, as difficult as those interactions with Draco are, allows her to stand up for Harry and Ron and build friendships and sort of extend that beyond the parental unit onto her friends, new people and say, because I have a good sense of attachment and security and I know people will be there for me, I can be there for other people, too. And then you can carry it forward. So I think Hermione is a really nice example of a secure attachment. And then I think you see that play out a little bit more. Not in the first book, but later on at the Yule ball, where she can put Ron in his place for not asking her out and sort of take ownership of her own. Know, next time you want to do this, pluck up the courage and ask, right? [25:10] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Boundaries. [25:11] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I think that's a really nice illustration of how important attachment is as a child is growing and then into adolescence that the same things play out in your other relationships. [25:25] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And how amazing to have a girl character like Hermione, right? Like, I think all the things you just said, like her bravery, her intellect, her self confidence, her boundaries, I just think so lovely to have a girl character like this for girls and boys and adults to read about and identify with. And she can maintain that sense of herself in the face of draco and the slurs and the comments, even when people even know who she goes on to marry down the road. Spoiler alert. Even as he's kind of putting her down for being smart, she doesn't stop raising her, know? And I remember as a middle school girl who loved school, just loving that, just loving that. And I loved watching now my daughter, watch her, and I'm just like, soak this up, soak this. [26:20] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, such a lovely little bottle for girls. And then since we're on the topic, like, you think about Ron, who is like this lost soul in this big family of redheads. And so you kind of see his sort of anxious style come through that, particularly when he was asked to relax and he couldn't. [26:44] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yes, he's like, I don't know how. [26:49] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Right? And all the hand me down. Not that he got, but also the same sweater that he gets every year, that there is love in that family, there is care, but also with so many kids, they're kind of lost until they get into trouble, that they get into parental they get parental attention and you hear about their concerns. And so even though there is not a lot of any mal intent anywhere within the Weasley family, but you can see where Ron's anxiety and anxious attachment style comes in and you see the same thing in the Eubolic. And the anxious attachment style is, you know, the child that doesn't know how to get through, they're like, all right, please pick me up. No, now put me down. No, pick me up again. I'm not sure. They're just taking time to self regulate and self soothe and sometimes they can get pretty irritable and upset too, and so they might lash out. And you see that in the U ball scene, too, where I know I'm jumping ahead, but rather than asking Hermione, he gets really sulky and irritable rather than owning up, but he wants it, but he doesn't know how to do it. So you kind of see that tension and that sort of clinginess but not sure what to do sort of thing. So I think the whole series really highlights these attachment styles really nicely. [28:19] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Isn't that amazing? How did JK. Rowling do that? And I thought the fact that they're all eleven, it was just perfect, right? Like at that age and kind of with all the books following them through is just really beautifully done, I think. [28:39] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: And you can kind of play out in the carriage scene when they're first on the Hogwarts Express together, where I think Hermione comes in looking for Neville's Frog frog. And you see how confident she is and she's you're and who are you and have you done this? And so self aware, self confident. And then you have Harry just sitting by himself, not sure he wants to talk to anybody. And poor Ron, who's trying to get his presence known again, just like a young child in a big family would feel lost, that I have to make my presence known, otherwise I won't get the attention I need. And poor Scabbers that he's trying to turn yellow and that's not working out. So you kind of see it play so nicely in a very simple scene. [29:36] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Definitely something that I noticed, and I think it's just my interpretation of things, is that Ron seems to have the most obvious shame about his finances compared to the other siblings. I don't really notice or even Jenny's younger in this book, but being so visibly upset, I know that there's the interaction in the robes shop with Draco and then on the train, even with his little sandwich, right, he can't buy the treats. And then there's like whoa when Harry has those gold coins. And it really does seem to impact him even throughout the rest of the story. Just that intersectionality. He's a pure blood, but he is poor. And then how that really goes up against Draco and his Pure Blood and wealth family. [30:34] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: I think that's an interesting thing to think about the intersectionality of all their identities in this sort of fantasy world, right? There's so many parallels. Like even if you think about different intersectional identities in our culture today, and it's just interesting to think about it's an older book. [30:55] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I mean, again, it's so easy to talk about these more seemingly popular nuanced ideas. They've been around for a while, but everyone kind of talks about their intersectionality or different identities. And it's so clear in the book, right? [31:13] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: It does seem like the type of series where you'll always get more from it. I reread the series I think, last year, and I loved it, and I feel like I got more from it as an adult than I did as a kid. And it's one of those things where I feel like every time you read it, you'll get more and more from it. [31:31] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: It just means something different. Yeah. [31:35] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: So one thing I was hoping we could talk about is the mirror of Irisev, which is desire spelled backwards. I totally choked up watching this part again, as an adult, I was curious to hear about your experience. [31:52] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, I had so many thoughts about that. I mean, it's such a powerful thing. And the fact that if you're truly content, then you can see yourself as you are, only the happiness, and if that is the measure of happiness. And it was like, wow, just the visual illustration of happiness, that you could see yourself and just see yourself as you are. Because I just felt like, yes, it is desire spelled backwards, but it is so prevalent throughout with starting with those 36 presents that you want more, and Voldemort wanting more, that defeated and needing to come back and needs to get more and more power and even kills a unicorn for it. [32:46] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh, my gosh, that was devastating for my four year old daughter. I regretted that part horribly. [32:51] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Like, yes, moving but jarring scene. And then the fact that your heart's deepest desires that you're desperate for and you'll see that, but anything that's too much is going to consume you. And those people who sort of run after the things that they really, really want, I think it was a very powerful way of giving that message of too much consume you and there'll be nothing left. Like it does not do to dwell on dreams and forget to live. So I just thought it takes so much courage, though, to ask yourself what it is that you really want in life. I mean, a lot of us may want all these things, but what is it that you truly, truly want? I think that's a very powerful question to ask. And how many of us really can look at ourselves in the mirror and say, this is what I really, really want in life, and to be able to face that and own it. [33:59] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: It's a good question to ask a client, even, because I think you can always get to the feeling right under it. So if someone's they're saying that their deepest desire is financial gain, it's like, okay, but what does that mean? Does that mean you want to feel secure? Does it mean that you want to be powerful in a sense of authority? Do you want people to look up to you? It's always like a feeling. [34:26] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And why? Where does that come from? [34:28] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah, it's a good place to explore with yourself and maybe with a patient as well. [34:33] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Can you imagine, like, starting off a session, they come to see you. For the first time. And you're like, here is my mirror of IRISET. [34:39] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah. [34:40] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Looking at what do you see and. [34:42] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: What does that mean? [34:45] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: It'll make our job so much easier. [34:47] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: I know, right quick, right real quick. [34:50] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: We'll get to the deep rooted issues in 10 seconds. [34:54] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Easy peasy. Managed care will love it. So we see what Harry wants, which is his parents. And again, I was so struck by him going back to that mirror repeatedly and I was just like, of course he is, right? Like his parents are moving. You see his mother, his father touch his shoulder. I was just like, oh, I so feel that for him. Then we see him drag ron so excited to share that experience of his parents with him. But Ron sees himself as head boy and winning the quidditch cup. And again, that totally makes sense based on everything we just talked about with Ron's family. We didn't see hermione. And I was curious what you guys thought. What would hermione see, if anything, or would she see herself? [35:46] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I think maybe if anyone would be seeing themselves, it would be her. Especially like in book one. I think she does seem so content and excited and authentic that I think it might be her. Maybe it's her being top of the class. [36:04] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I think she is. [36:05] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: She already kind of is. [36:08] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I have a feeling that the one thing she grows to develop were friendships. That I wonder if she might see herself surrounded with friends. [36:17] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, I think at her age again, I agree. Portia of the Three know. Harry rod hermione. I feel like she would be the one closest to seeing just her true self. But I wonder if at that age of eleven, as a girl, if there's something deeper she's not able to articulate yet that we might see like friendship. [36:38] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah, I think that's accurate. I think sometimes you get the books confused or what's, like maybe a fan fiction thing online or something. But I am pretty sure that she does say that she did struggle with friends and so to have these deep friendships build at Hogwarts, I think that might be it. [37:00] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah. I'm just thinking know, she is very brilliant. So seeing herself as like the know, graduate or something of her class probably isn't far fetched. But if that intimidates other kids when she's correcting them over livio saw yes, that might rub kids the wrong way. That maybe that peer acceptance and those close friendships might be something that we see sort of develop over time as well. [37:33] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And so as we start wrapping up our wonderful episode today, let's talk a little bit about their friendships. Because I just feel like, gosh, I thought the movie did such a good job explaining the book, which has so many concepts, so much magic in it. It's had to do so much in just two and a half hours of just like background, like this is where we find ourselves. This is Hogwarts. This is Quidditch. This is Voldemort. Like here it is. And capturing all these complex concepts in such like a beautifully visually appealing way. The music is wonderful but we certainly see the triad between Harry, Ron and Hermione starting and forming and we know that just grows and grows and gets more complex over time. And I was really curious Dr. Q about your thoughts about first of all that it's a triad. There's three of them, two boys and a girl and what do you think of all that? [38:36] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I just love the idea and particularly since you have the girl be somebody like hermione and I thought it's really nice to see their parallel processes. Each one of them is trying to sort of discovering that they're each really good at something but not good at everything. Like Hermione realizes she's not good at quit it. How humbling for someone who's really good and smart to know quidditch is not for, you know, Harry discovering that's what he's really good at and very early on know Ron playing chess and how it was reinforced with all the points even Neville's like standing up to your. So I felt that that was such a lovely way of saying that some of the reasons why friendships are important is that no one is whole in themselves and so much stronger when we all complement each other. But how do you explain that to an eleven year old? But if they saw the movie they would understand that we are so much more when we're all together and how those friendships last over years even for many of us. And I also felt like the complexity that you talked about. I think another movie that highlights it really nicely is Inside Out. [40:06] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yes, we love that movie. [40:08] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Our emotions are one color when they're younger and as you grow older they get more complex and those marbles are multicolored because emotions are more complex than just feeling sad, mad and glad. And similarly as we're thinking about I think this goes very nicely in a parallel of fairy tales and development that when children are younger they can only see good and bad. As long as you're giving me what I want you're the good parent. When you set limits you are not. [40:43] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh I feel this every day older. [40:46] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: You can hold the things together in the same person that there are things that are great about them and there are things that are some weaknesses. And when we're children we look at our parents as these idealized giants and as we grow older we see them for human beings that have wonderful strengths and flaws that we can still accept and love them still the same. So I think that is a big developmental challenge but I think the books highlight that really nicely with them being able to sit and tolerate that complexity. [41:29] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: That nothing is so and again with them starting this journey at age eleven. I feel like that's the perfect timing for all of this to start. And I wonder if even the darkness of Harry Potter in watching the first movie, I was like, all right. I think it'll be several years before I show my kids the second movie because each one gets a little darker, a little grittier. But I think that maybe contributes to why it sort of captured all of us. And it is darker than the Disney version. Like, Inside Out is a great example, but I think that just speaks to the reality. [42:12] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Like, the books get more complex, the books get darker, the characters get more complex, the characters get know. I think it was just such an interesting time to read it as a child as they came out, because it really kind of aligned perfectly with my own development. [42:28] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, exactly. [42:29] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I remember my mom read me the first book, and then I remember the last one coming out, and I think my grandma said it to me. It was like raft in the Muggles, right? Like Muggles can receive on whatever date, and then I read it for myself. So I think it's so uniquely that way that led to so many people being a part of it for years and still feeling really connected to it now. [42:53] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And now getting to share it with your own children, like I'm starting to do, is so special. [42:59] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah. And that's the power of fairy tales, is that even if it may be really dark, it creates this metaphorical, imaginary, special place where you can still explore this darkness in a very safe way. [43:13] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yes. [43:13] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Go process it. Look what it's like to be angry. Oh, my gosh. Cruel people, mean people. And then you come back to the safety of reading this with your mom and everything's going to be okay. [43:27] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah. [43:27] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: It's so beautiful. It is. It's very special. Very special. Well, Dr. Q, is there anything else you were hoping we could touch, know, talking about Harry Potter, the first it. [43:42] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I think it's just a wonderful part of my life. I wish I was in Hogwarts, and that was the life I lived. Sometimes I'm looking forward to having a real Harry Potter birthday someday. But I think the thing that resonates most with me is this quote from Neil Gaiman that says, fiction is a lie that tells us true things over and over. And I think that's the power of Harry Potter is that the reason it spoke to so many of us is that we all connected at some level with something that was very true for each one of us. [44:18] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I like that. [44:20] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: That is a really beautiful place to leave it. Well, Dr. Q, thank you so much for joining us. We would love to have you back for the next seven movies over the course of time. It was so nice to personally reconnect with you again, thank you all for listening to this very special episode of Analyze Scripts. If you'd like to hear our take on Inside Out, we do have an episode about that from several months ago. I don't know. Dr. Q, did you know they're making a sequel? I think it's supposed to come out in the next couple of years, so that's really exciting. I hope it's about Riley's adolescence. Yes, and we really hope it also shows her living through COVID. Like, we could really use that for all the kids. We could, right? But you can find us at Analyze Scripts podcast on Instagram and TikTok and catch us next Monday for our next episode. Thanks so much. [45:24] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: See you next time. Thank you for having me. [45:32] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: This podcast and its contents are a copyright of Analyzed Scripts. All rights reserved. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited. Unless you want to share it with your friends and rate, review and subscribe, that's fine. All stories and characters discussed are fictional in nature. No identification with actual persons, living or deceased places, buildings, or products is intended or should be inferred. This podcast is for entertainment purposes only. The podcast and its contents do not constitute professional mental health or medical advice. Listeners might consider consulting a mental health provider if they need assistance with any mental health problems or concerns. As always, please call 911 or go directly to your nearest emergency room for any psychiatric emergencies. Thanks for listening and see you next time.

Welcome back to Analyze Scripts, where a psychiatrist and a therapist analyze what Hollywood gets right and wrong about mental health. Today, we are thrilled to be joined by one of Dr. Furey's favorite teachers from residency, Dr. Zheala Qayyum. Dr. Qayyum is the Training Director for the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program and the Medical Director of the Emergency Psychiatry Services at Boston Children’s Hospital. She has published on the use of fairy tales in teaching child psychiatry and joins us to discuss the first "Harry Potter" movie. In this episode, we discuss many interesting themes including the psychological effects of early childhood trauma and neglect, the attachment styles of the three main characters, and the importance of friendship in identity formation. We also reflect on the mirror of Erised and the importance of exploring dark feelings and themes in childhood from a safe space, such as through this magical film. We hope you enjoy as much as we enjoyed speaking with Dr. Qayyum! Instagram TikTok Website [00:10] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Hi, I'm Dr. Katrina Fieri, a psychiatrist. And I'm Portia Pendleton, a licensed clinical social worker. And this is Analyze Scripts, a podcast where two shrinks analyze the depiction of mental health in movies and TV shows. Our hope is that you learn some legit info about mental health while feeling like you're chatting with your girlfriends. There is so much misinformation out there. [00:30] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And it drives us nuts. [00:31] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And if someday we pay off our student loans or land a sponsorship, like with a lay flat airline or a major beauty brand, even better. So sit back, relax, grab some popcorn and your DSM Five and enjoy. [00:50] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Don'T. [01:17] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: For a very special episode of Analyze Scripts, because one of my favorite attendings for my residency training is joining us to talk about one of my favorite movies, harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, or The Philosopher's Stone, depending on which country you're watching it in. So today we have Dr. Gila Kayum, the training director for the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship program and the medical director of the emergency Psychiatry services at Boston Children's Hospital. She holds faculty appointments at Yale School of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, and she's the associate director of medical student education and Psychiatry. She's also serving as a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army Reserves Medical Corps and deployed to Afghanistan and was later mobilized in support of the COVID-19 response to New York. Dr. Kayoom has published on the topics of medical education, autism spectrum disorders, inpatient treatment of early psychosis, and LGBTQ, plus youth, the use of fairy tales in teaching child psychiatry, and the risk of youth suicide and firearms. She has a particular interest in the areas of supervision and mentorship, which she's so good at psycho oncology and palliative care. And I feel like we always called her Dr. Q. I guess I'm allowed to call her by her first name because I'm a grown up now, but I still feel kind of funny about it. But you were one of my favorite mentors, and I feel like you're really special because sometimes when you have a mentor, it kind of feels like they're trying to mold you in their image. But I always felt like you just wanted what was best for me, and you were so encouraging, and I just always loved working with you, and you hold a really special place in my heart. [02:58] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: So this is really fun to talk about. [03:00] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Harry Potter no, this is, like, making me teary. This is just a lovely intro I have gotten. And it's just such a thrill that the people that you invest in grow up to be such amazing child or adult or psychiatrists, but more so, just people. And you're very dear to me as well. The best part of being an educator and a clinician is that not only are you trying to sort of transfer your skills or your wisdom, but you get to see your kids grow and become they're meant to be and their best versions. And if you think you're a part of that journey, I think that's just the most amazing privilege. [03:50] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Well, I know you were for me, and I know you were for a lot of my co residents, so it's so true. So I am dying to talk to you about this movie, given your interest in using fairy tales to explore development. So I just kind of want to jump right in and hear what you think about the first Harry Potter movie and kind of what jumps out at you. [04:13] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: So I think one of the loveliest things about Harry Potter was that it was a modern fairy tale, and we've had a lot of lovely fantasy series, but there was something very special about Harry Potter that just captured everyone, whether it was kids or adults. It's interesting, whenever I ask people what their favorite children's book is, inevitably, for a lot of them, it's Harry Potter. And I read it in med school. So I was much older, but I still stood in line at midnight yes, where I was standing next to like, ten year olds in their robes, and I was like, Am I in the right place? But you felt like you were in the right place. And I think that's what it communicated was it was or is a modern fairy tale for all ages. It just has that essence of a fairy tale, that it means something different to different people at whatever stage of development or life they're in. So a child can interpret it in their own way and have things that they resonate with. And as adults, we might find things that resonate to us, whether based on the hero's journey, these ordeals and call to action and your helpers that bring you along, but also the trepidations, the challenges, the times you doubt yourself when things are there. How do you overcome challenges and this power of transformation through a journey and a story that you're not the same person that you started off as, but with all of the things that you've had to experience? How does that evolve and transform you till you come full circle in some way? Not the same person that left, but so much more wiser grown. I think it's the transformative journey that we see from the first book that started, but there are these just themes that just feel like so relevant to today about loss and difficulty and when you're seeing this drive for power around you and how do you fit in the whole picture. And we usually have a reluctant protagonist in many stories that is not fully sure they want to take on the adventure and the call for action, and yet they do. But I think most importantly for me, the biggest thing was the importance of hope and friends. [07:04] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, I totally agree. And it's funny you mentioned hearkening back to standing in line at midnight at, like, Borders Books or wherever you were. I totally did the same thing. I think I was in middle school and then high school. But it is really fascinating how Harry Potter and other fairy tales like it. But I feel like especially Harry Potter, it is such a cultural, communal enjoyment and not just in American culture, but certainly worldwide. It's just such a really cool thing that it just really spans ages, genders, cultures, nationalities, languages. Everyone loves it, right? And I feel like this movie rewatching it now as an adult with my children was so meaningful and fun. So I have a seven year old and a four year old and they were just enraptured by it. They wouldn't stop talking the whole time. They wouldn't take their eyes off and this isn't like a cartoon, so they're still at the ages where really it's cartoons that catch their attention for two and a half hours. But this one did, and that was really interesting to me and really special. And I love some of their commentary. Like, with her, MayAny always raising her hand. My daughter, which I was so happy, said she's got a really big brain. And I was like, yes, she know. And then when Draco came on the scene very early on, my son was like, oh, he's a bully. And I was just you know, it's just really cool to kind of see kids watching it too. [08:40] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah. I think it's worth mentioning something interesting. When I was starting to read the books before the music, the movies had started kind of coming out. I remember very distinctly the religious organization that I was a part of at the time was very split with people thinking that you shouldn't be reading it. It's magic. It's witchcraft. Witchcraft. And then the other half being like, if you know the story, it's like this good versus evil. Good always triumphs. There's hope. There's, like you were saying, friendships. I mean, it's such a positive message. And there's so many interesting. [09:23] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I don't. [09:23] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Know, like, spiritual parallels and parallels throughout all of the books. But I think it was just an interesting time to be know, hearing this spoken series is bad or evil and then reading them. Know, in my family, we were very pro Harry Potter and loving the messages. And I think that was just like I don't know. I'm sure some other people might have had that experience. [09:45] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh, I totally remember. [09:48] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Right. [09:48] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Like, we come to see this boy in, I would say, a pretty abusive home with a lot of neglect. And I think it's funny watching it or thinking about it now versus in. Like, I'm curious what even your kids picked up of the scenes. The parents certainly seem mean and right dismissive. And you picked that up even as a child, like something not right. Why does Dudley receive all of these gifts and Harry not his clothing? [10:18] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, my kids were asking about that? [10:21] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Like why are they so mean to? [10:22] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Why is he living under the stairs? They certainly were asking those questions. [10:29] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, no, I think it's a really lovely depiction of how prevalent and difficult it is for kids that have neglect. And I think also it really sort of from starting from him being under the stairs and just watching Dudley get 36 presents and counting and him thinking about, like he has to get hand me downs to go to school and what that would be like. Just that differential that was created and that sense of otherness or I don't belong or I'm not good enough. It really, I think, beautifully highlights how a child will internalize that, because you see that then play out throughout, which partly keeps him humble when everybody thinks he's this amazing everybody knows him, but he's coming from where? Nobody. Knows anything about him. And he held on to that for a very long time and it really changed his I think we see him work through it, but his sense of belief and faith in his own abilities and his self because they told him he wasn't good enough for a good eleven years. And that sense of feeling like you're worth something that he didn't get initially. And how does one young child actually grow to develop that? Partly it kept him humble in the face of, I don't know, magician dumb or stardom or whatever that was that he got later on. But also, it really impeded his ability to rely on other people. And we see. This in the later books as well, but whenever he has to do something, he's very like the avoidant attachment style. I can't trust people to be there for me. And we know later in the books there are other losses that sort of reinforce that for him. But he embarks on everything on his own and working with others and trusting others comes very, very it's very challenging for him, comes much later. [12:52] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And I like that you brought up his attachment style. Can you explain a little bit what avoided attachment is or the kind of kids or adults we might see that in and how Harry either fits in or doesn't quite fit in. [13:09] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: So the avoidant attachment style is when a young child has inconsistent caregiving where their needs may not be consistently met. And so rather than clinging to their caregiver to get their needs met, they're like avoiding contact with them because they don't know are they coming, are they going, or are they going to be there. So the child starts to avoid that contact and doesn't get need or avoids contact with the caregiver to get soothed and self regulated. So we see the same thing, that since the Attachment is our template for forming relationships, that we carry on in life, we see Harry particularly later on as he's growing older, that even in adolescence, whenever there is a challenge, he goes off on his own rather than relying on anybody else because he doesn't know. Are people going to really be there for him or not? Are they going to leave? Are they going to neglect him? So he might as well do that for himself and just go off on his own. So that sense of avoiding closeness with people because they might leave or not be there for you, is that sense that avoidant children internalize and so they don't keep looking for closeness with people. It's good that we see Harry work through this over a great many books, which also tells you that it runs in parallel with the life experience of a young child who's had early life neglect and avoidant attachment style might need a lot of reinforcement of positive interactions to say, no, you can rely on other people. If you do get close to people, it'll be okay. And yet loss is a very, I think, integral part of our human experience and life. And for an avoidant child, there is that risk that it just might reinforce that belief that people are not going to be there for them. [15:18] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And in addition to Harry having that early childhood neglect and abuse, he also had early loss of his parents, who seem like lovely caregivers, who were likely very attuned to his needs, at least as far as we can tell, and that he was present for their murder. And so I was really curious about your take on that, given around the age they depict that and then what it must have been like for him at age eleven to start learning the truth about that loss at the same time as he's learning their loss is why he's famous or special. I just imagine that's got to be so confusing. [16:03] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Absolutely. And I think that's such a lovely point of there's so much magic instilled in that power, of that parental love that he carried with him that it literally burned. Professor Squirrel. [16:22] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right. [16:23] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: It was so powerful. I think it does show, though, however, that it was at a very sort of vulnerable time period in his life when that death occurred. He was still a baby, and we're thinking, like, till from infancy to toddlerhood, maybe the first part went well when his parents were attuned and taking care of him, but later on, and still in that very vulnerable time frame, he had a lot of neglect. And so as you're entering into your preteen years, your sense of, how do I relate with my peers? Who am I in relationship with them? Will they accept me as? We're thinking about later, latency age and early preteens going into your identity formation, who you are is so sort of determined by who are the people in your life? Who brought you here? What is your story? How did you start? And I remember as a child, my mom would tell me stories about, well, when you were little we did this things I wouldn't remember. But still you create these memories based on the things that your parents tell you as well when you're younger. But those things are so important in our development, and now he had to figure that out on his own. Who was he? What were his parents like? That question of when he goes and sees his father's name on the trophy room and he's like, I didn't know he was a Seeker. There's just so many knowns for him to figure out who he is because he doesn't know where he's coming from, and your legacy or your lineage or what are the wonderful stories about how amazing you are. Your parents tell you he never had that. And now he has to create his own narrative about who he is, which is the whole process through the book. [18:26] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: And speaking of like, identity formation, he went from being told that you're such a burden, you're unwanted. Your parents were horrible, they were weird or strange, to being praised or whoa, Ron's reaction to it's. You with the scar on the train, know, having all of this wealth suddenly and this importance in this world, it's just so interesting. You had written down with Hagrid, like him just going with that to this magical place that if somebody had told an eleven year old me, I think, and I'm hopefully that I'm securely attached, I would have been afraid to go with Hagrid. [19:08] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right. [19:09] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: This big, burly, giant, half giant man who's telling me all these things that we're going to go to this magical place. I think for a securely attached child, they probably wouldn't have gone. But he didn't have any attachments. And then I think anything is better than living with the directly to finally. [19:29] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Take him out of that situation. [19:31] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Right. [19:31] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: It's like almost like this savior has come to rescue him. What were your thoughts about that, Dr. Q? The way he so know, latched onto Hagrid? [19:41] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, I think just like Portia said, it's like that insecure attachment, there's nothing to hold him there. But he's also, I think, like you talked about at a point where he's thinking about things and his life. If he's going to go to the same school as Dudley, what is that going to be? He's getting into trouble constantly. And imagine the message you internalize after you're told that everything you do is wrong or you're a bad kid, and you get told that long enough, you start believing it. So maybe it wasn't such a far fetched thing to say, I'm going and I'm taking off. [20:19] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right. [20:20] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: What's the worst thing that can happen whenever anything I do isn't good anyway? [20:27] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Right? And I think we see that in clinical work. And probably you see a lot more, given your line of work, in kids who maybe will go off with not safe people. That sort of increases their vulnerability for those very situations. [20:43] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Because at the core of it, every kid just wants to belong. [20:48] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah. [20:49] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: And so if it was what Hagrid said, is that's where you belong? He hasn't had that sense of belonging at the Dursleys. So he will try. And go and find if he belongs somewhere else and what other people. [21:09] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And he does find. [21:10] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I feel like I'm going to cry. [21:11] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Talking about Harry Potter and also just thinking about Hagrid is like, I just love Hagrid. He's such a gentle giant, but I couldn't think of a better person to come scoop up Harry. Right. Like, even just imagining him sort of putting him in the little sidecar, he's, like, nice and cozy and secure and contained and I hope just feels safe next to this big old guy who. [21:40] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Stood up to the dursleys, right? Chased found him. I remember my blood boiling even watching the movie again or rereading the book when they keep taking his know you know, it's such. [21:58] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: His letter. [21:59] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah, that's the one thing he has. [22:02] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: But then Hogwarts is like, well, we'll send you more. We're not going to give up. And I would imagine for, like, how wonderful. That must feel like, wow, they really. [22:12] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Are trying to get to me. [22:13] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: No one has wanted me like that before. And they're being like Hogwarts or whoever. Dumbledore's love for him is so transcendent and powerful that it wins. Out against the neglect of the know. [22:29] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Just beautiful and sort of how teary Hagrid was when he was first dropping him off when he was a baby and dumbledore saying it's not goodbye for. [22:42] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh my gosh I feel like, that's how I am. Every year the new school year starts, you're just like, oh, my gosh, they're growing up. [22:51] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: And then hermione I think it's worth mentioning. So she has, it seems, securely attached, supportive parents. But is living as a muggle her whole life until receiving these letters and going to Hogwarts and then learning that she is like a mudblood and that she is not good enough. Her blood is like, dirty. And yet she is so brilliant, and I think that's such an interesting reversal of her and Harry's experience. She's still really smart, but it's like it's not good know are calling her names like Draco. And I don't think that she experienced that. Prior know the little bits that we get of her pre hogwarts. [23:40] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And interesting to think about her parents. Like getting this random letter and sending her. Right? [23:47] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah. [23:51] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: That's the wonderful thing about secure attachment and great parenting is know, we're all about you. So if this is who you are and this is your success and this is where you're going to thrive, sure. [24:03] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: We don't know anything. Go for it. [24:06] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: And I think that is part of Hermione's own resilience as well is that that secure attachment, as difficult as those interactions with Draco are, allows her to stand up for Harry and Ron and build friendships and sort of extend that beyond the parental unit onto her friends, new people and say, because I have a good sense of attachment and security and I know people will be there for me, I can be there for other people, too. And then you can carry it forward. So I think Hermione is a really nice example of a secure attachment. And then I think you see that play out a little bit more. Not in the first book, but later on at the Yule ball, where she can put Ron in his place for not asking her out and sort of take ownership of her own. Know, next time you want to do this, pluck up the courage and ask, right? [25:10] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Boundaries. [25:11] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I think that's a really nice illustration of how important attachment is as a child is growing and then into adolescence that the same things play out in your other relationships. [25:25] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And how amazing to have a girl character like Hermione, right? Like, I think all the things you just said, like her bravery, her intellect, her self confidence, her boundaries, I just think so lovely to have a girl character like this for girls and boys and adults to read about and identify with. And she can maintain that sense of herself in the face of draco and the slurs and the comments, even when people even know who she goes on to marry down the road. Spoiler alert. Even as he's kind of putting her down for being smart, she doesn't stop raising her, know? And I remember as a middle school girl who loved school, just loving that, just loving that. And I loved watching now my daughter, watch her, and I'm just like, soak this up, soak this. [26:20] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, such a lovely little bottle for girls. And then since we're on the topic, like, you think about Ron, who is like this lost soul in this big family of redheads. And so you kind of see his sort of anxious style come through that, particularly when he was asked to relax and he couldn't. [26:44] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yes, he's like, I don't know how. [26:49] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Right? And all the hand me down. Not that he got, but also the same sweater that he gets every year, that there is love in that family, there is care, but also with so many kids, they're kind of lost until they get into trouble, that they get into parental they get parental attention and you hear about their concerns. And so even though there is not a lot of any mal intent anywhere within the Weasley family, but you can see where Ron's anxiety and anxious attachment style comes in and you see the same thing in the Eubolic. And the anxious attachment style is, you know, the child that doesn't know how to get through, they're like, all right, please pick me up. No, now put me down. No, pick me up again. I'm not sure. They're just taking time to self regulate and self soothe and sometimes they can get pretty irritable and upset too, and so they might lash out. And you see that in the U ball scene, too, where I know I'm jumping ahead, but rather than asking Hermione, he gets really sulky and irritable rather than owning up, but he wants it, but he doesn't know how to do it. So you kind of see that tension and that sort of clinginess but not sure what to do sort of thing. So I think the whole series really highlights these attachment styles really nicely. [28:19] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Isn't that amazing? How did JK. Rowling do that? And I thought the fact that they're all eleven, it was just perfect, right? Like at that age and kind of with all the books following them through is just really beautifully done, I think. [28:39] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: And you can kind of play out in the carriage scene when they're first on the Hogwarts Express together, where I think Hermione comes in looking for Neville's Frog frog. And you see how confident she is and she's you're and who are you and have you done this? And so self aware, self confident. And then you have Harry just sitting by himself, not sure he wants to talk to anybody. And poor Ron, who's trying to get his presence known again, just like a young child in a big family would feel lost, that I have to make my presence known, otherwise I won't get the attention I need. And poor Scabbers that he's trying to turn yellow and that's not working out. So you kind of see it play so nicely in a very simple scene. [29:36] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Definitely something that I noticed, and I think it's just my interpretation of things, is that Ron seems to have the most obvious shame about his finances compared to the other siblings. I don't really notice or even Jenny's younger in this book, but being so visibly upset, I know that there's the interaction in the robes shop with Draco and then on the train, even with his little sandwich, right, he can't buy the treats. And then there's like whoa when Harry has those gold coins. And it really does seem to impact him even throughout the rest of the story. Just that intersectionality. He's a pure blood, but he is poor. And then how that really goes up against Draco and his Pure Blood and wealth family. [30:34] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: I think that's an interesting thing to think about the intersectionality of all their identities in this sort of fantasy world, right? There's so many parallels. Like even if you think about different intersectional identities in our culture today, and it's just interesting to think about it's an older book. [30:55] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I mean, again, it's so easy to talk about these more seemingly popular nuanced ideas. They've been around for a while, but everyone kind of talks about their intersectionality or different identities. And it's so clear in the book, right? [31:13] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: It does seem like the type of series where you'll always get more from it. I reread the series I think, last year, and I loved it, and I feel like I got more from it as an adult than I did as a kid. And it's one of those things where I feel like every time you read it, you'll get more and more from it. [31:31] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: It just means something different. Yeah. [31:35] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: So one thing I was hoping we could talk about is the mirror of Irisev, which is desire spelled backwards. I totally choked up watching this part again, as an adult, I was curious to hear about your experience. [31:52] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah, I had so many thoughts about that. I mean, it's such a powerful thing. And the fact that if you're truly content, then you can see yourself as you are, only the happiness, and if that is the measure of happiness. And it was like, wow, just the visual illustration of happiness, that you could see yourself and just see yourself as you are. Because I just felt like, yes, it is desire spelled backwards, but it is so prevalent throughout with starting with those 36 presents that you want more, and Voldemort wanting more, that defeated and needing to come back and needs to get more and more power and even kills a unicorn for it. [32:46] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh, my gosh, that was devastating for my four year old daughter. I regretted that part horribly. [32:51] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Like, yes, moving but jarring scene. And then the fact that your heart's deepest desires that you're desperate for and you'll see that, but anything that's too much is going to consume you. And those people who sort of run after the things that they really, really want, I think it was a very powerful way of giving that message of too much consume you and there'll be nothing left. Like it does not do to dwell on dreams and forget to live. So I just thought it takes so much courage, though, to ask yourself what it is that you really want in life. I mean, a lot of us may want all these things, but what is it that you truly, truly want? I think that's a very powerful question to ask. And how many of us really can look at ourselves in the mirror and say, this is what I really, really want in life, and to be able to face that and own it. [33:59] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: It's a good question to ask a client, even, because I think you can always get to the feeling right under it. So if someone's they're saying that their deepest desire is financial gain, it's like, okay, but what does that mean? Does that mean you want to feel secure? Does it mean that you want to be powerful in a sense of authority? Do you want people to look up to you? It's always like a feeling. [34:26] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And why? Where does that come from? [34:28] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah, it's a good place to explore with yourself and maybe with a patient as well. [34:33] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Can you imagine, like, starting off a session, they come to see you. For the first time. And you're like, here is my mirror of IRISET. [34:39] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah. [34:40] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Looking at what do you see and. [34:42] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: What does that mean? [34:45] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: It'll make our job so much easier. [34:47] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: I know, right quick, right real quick. [34:50] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: We'll get to the deep rooted issues in 10 seconds. [34:54] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Easy peasy. Managed care will love it. So we see what Harry wants, which is his parents. And again, I was so struck by him going back to that mirror repeatedly and I was just like, of course he is, right? Like his parents are moving. You see his mother, his father touch his shoulder. I was just like, oh, I so feel that for him. Then we see him drag ron so excited to share that experience of his parents with him. But Ron sees himself as head boy and winning the quidditch cup. And again, that totally makes sense based on everything we just talked about with Ron's family. We didn't see hermione. And I was curious what you guys thought. What would hermione see, if anything, or would she see herself? [35:46] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I think maybe if anyone would be seeing themselves, it would be her. Especially like in book one. I think she does seem so content and excited and authentic that I think it might be her. Maybe it's her being top of the class. [36:04] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I think she is. [36:05] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: She already kind of is. [36:08] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I have a feeling that the one thing she grows to develop were friendships. That I wonder if she might see herself surrounded with friends. [36:17] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, I think at her age again, I agree. Portia of the Three know. Harry rod hermione. I feel like she would be the one closest to seeing just her true self. But I wonder if at that age of eleven, as a girl, if there's something deeper she's not able to articulate yet that we might see like friendship. [36:38] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah, I think that's accurate. I think sometimes you get the books confused or what's, like maybe a fan fiction thing online or something. But I am pretty sure that she does say that she did struggle with friends and so to have these deep friendships build at Hogwarts, I think that might be it. [37:00] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah. I'm just thinking know, she is very brilliant. So seeing herself as like the know, graduate or something of her class probably isn't far fetched. But if that intimidates other kids when she's correcting them over livio saw yes, that might rub kids the wrong way. That maybe that peer acceptance and those close friendships might be something that we see sort of develop over time as well. [37:33] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And so as we start wrapping up our wonderful episode today, let's talk a little bit about their friendships. Because I just feel like, gosh, I thought the movie did such a good job explaining the book, which has so many concepts, so much magic in it. It's had to do so much in just two and a half hours of just like background, like this is where we find ourselves. This is Hogwarts. This is Quidditch. This is Voldemort. Like here it is. And capturing all these complex concepts in such like a beautifully visually appealing way. The music is wonderful but we certainly see the triad between Harry, Ron and Hermione starting and forming and we know that just grows and grows and gets more complex over time. And I was really curious Dr. Q about your thoughts about first of all that it's a triad. There's three of them, two boys and a girl and what do you think of all that? [38:36] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I just love the idea and particularly since you have the girl be somebody like hermione and I thought it's really nice to see their parallel processes. Each one of them is trying to sort of discovering that they're each really good at something but not good at everything. Like Hermione realizes she's not good at quit it. How humbling for someone who's really good and smart to know quidditch is not for, you know, Harry discovering that's what he's really good at and very early on know Ron playing chess and how it was reinforced with all the points even Neville's like standing up to your. So I felt that that was such a lovely way of saying that some of the reasons why friendships are important is that no one is whole in themselves and so much stronger when we all complement each other. But how do you explain that to an eleven year old? But if they saw the movie they would understand that we are so much more when we're all together and how those friendships last over years even for many of us. And I also felt like the complexity that you talked about. I think another movie that highlights it really nicely is Inside Out. [40:06] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yes, we love that movie. [40:08] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Our emotions are one color when they're younger and as you grow older they get more complex and those marbles are multicolored because emotions are more complex than just feeling sad, mad and glad. And similarly as we're thinking about I think this goes very nicely in a parallel of fairy tales and development that when children are younger they can only see good and bad. As long as you're giving me what I want you're the good parent. When you set limits you are not. [40:43] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Oh I feel this every day older. [40:46] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: You can hold the things together in the same person that there are things that are great about them and there are things that are some weaknesses. And when we're children we look at our parents as these idealized giants and as we grow older we see them for human beings that have wonderful strengths and flaws that we can still accept and love them still the same. So I think that is a big developmental challenge but I think the books highlight that really nicely with them being able to sit and tolerate that complexity. [41:29] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: That nothing is so and again with them starting this journey at age eleven. I feel like that's the perfect timing for all of this to start. And I wonder if even the darkness of Harry Potter in watching the first movie, I was like, all right. I think it'll be several years before I show my kids the second movie because each one gets a little darker, a little grittier. But I think that maybe contributes to why it sort of captured all of us. And it is darker than the Disney version. Like, Inside Out is a great example, but I think that just speaks to the reality. [42:12] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Like, the books get more complex, the books get darker, the characters get more complex, the characters get know. I think it was just such an interesting time to read it as a child as they came out, because it really kind of aligned perfectly with my own development. [42:28] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yeah, exactly. [42:29] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I remember my mom read me the first book, and then I remember the last one coming out, and I think my grandma said it to me. It was like raft in the Muggles, right? Like Muggles can receive on whatever date, and then I read it for myself. So I think it's so uniquely that way that led to so many people being a part of it for years and still feeling really connected to it now. [42:53] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: And now getting to share it with your own children, like I'm starting to do, is so special. [42:59] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Yeah. And that's the power of fairy tales, is that even if it may be really dark, it creates this metaphorical, imaginary, special place where you can still explore this darkness in a very safe way. [43:13] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: Yes. [43:13] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: Go process it. Look what it's like to be angry. Oh, my gosh. Cruel people, mean people. And then you come back to the safety of reading this with your mom and everything's going to be okay. [43:27] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: Yeah. [43:27] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: It's so beautiful. It is. It's very special. Very special. Well, Dr. Q, is there anything else you were hoping we could touch, know, talking about Harry Potter, the first it. [43:42] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: I think it's just a wonderful part of my life. I wish I was in Hogwarts, and that was the life I lived. Sometimes I'm looking forward to having a real Harry Potter birthday someday. But I think the thing that resonates most with me is this quote from Neil Gaiman that says, fiction is a lie that tells us true things over and over. And I think that's the power of Harry Potter is that the reason it spoke to so many of us is that we all connected at some level with something that was very true for each one of us. [44:18] Portia Pendleton, LCSW: I like that. [44:20] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: That is a really beautiful place to leave it. Well, Dr. Q, thank you so much for joining us. We would love to have you back for the next seven movies over the course of time. It was so nice to personally reconnect with you again, thank you all for listening to this very special episode of Analyze Scripts. If you'd like to hear our take on Inside Out, we do have an episode about that from several months ago. I don't know. Dr. Q, did you know they're making a sequel? I think it's supposed to come out in the next couple of years, so that's really exciting. I hope it's about Riley's adolescence. Yes, and we really hope it also shows her living through COVID. Like, we could really use that for all the kids. We could, right? But you can find us at Analyze Scripts podcast on Instagram and TikTok and catch us next Monday for our next episode. Thanks so much. [45:24] Dr. Zheala Qayyum: See you next time. Thank you for having me. [45:32] Dr. Katrina Furey, MD: This podcast and its contents are a copyright of Analyzed Scripts. All rights reserved. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited. Unless you want to share it with your friends and rate, review and subscribe, that's fine. All stories and characters discussed are fictional in nature. No identification with actual persons, living or deceased places, buildings, or products is intended or should be inferred. This podcast is for entertainment purposes only. The podcast and its contents do not constitute professional mental health or medical advice. Listeners might consider consulting a mental health provider if they need assistance with any mental health problems or concerns. As always, please call 911 or go directly to your nearest emergency room for any psychiatric emergencies. Thanks for listening and see you next time.

Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Guest: Sorana Segal-Maurer, MD For most patients living with HIV, antiretroviral therapy is extremely effective. However, HIV mutates with frequency, allowing it to become resistant to antiviral medication. To discuss how we can effectively treat these patients, Dr. Charles Turck is joined by Dr. Sorana Segal-Maurer, Director of Infectious Diseases at New York-Presbyterian Queens and Professor of Clinical Medicine at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City.

Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Guest: W. Frank Peacock, MD For patients with opioid-induced constipation (OIC), can Narcan play a role in finding a new treatment option? Dr. Charles Turck is joined by Dr. Frank Peacock from the Baylor College of Medicine to explore key data on the role of methylnaltrexone in the treatment of OIC.

Guest: John C. Byrd, MD For patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, molecular analysis can provide critical information. Dr. John C. Byrd discusses the importance of IGHV and TP53 sequencing and the clinical value they provide.

In this episode we hear from eight leading physician educators about a core principle of patient care:  primum non nocere. We learn that limiting harm can translate into doing what's medically right, putting the patient's welfare first, judicious use of IV fluids, reducing opioid prescribing, making a habit of pausing when depleted, acknowledging the end of life, and allowing a natural death.    Listen on: iTunes Spotify Stitcher   Guests:  Cam Berg MD, Neda Frayha MD, Scott Weingart MD, Josh Russell MD, Haney Mallemat MD, Alan Sielaff MD, Vicky Vella MD, and Mike Weinstock MD    We Discuss: The importance of figuring out the core principles that drive your medical decision-making [1:30]; Primum non nocere, and how it is good for patients and good for us [02:40]; Cameron Berg is concerned about the harm caused by excessive prescription of opiates in the ED [05:10];    Neda Frayha learned that ordering more tests on patients can cause more harm than good [07:25];.  Scott Weingart applies the “do no harm” principle to the use of IV fluids when resuscitating patients in septic shock [09:20]; Josh Russell tries to limit harm by thinking about what he'd want to have done, if he were in his patient's shoes [11:00]; Haney Mallemat has come to learn that many patients are predestined for bad outcomes, and the provision of maximal therapy is actually harmful [13:40]; Alan Sielaff uses shared decision-making to help guide him in doing no harm [15:50]; Vicky Vella believes that “do no harm” is recognizing when a patient is near the end of their life and, as a physician, trying to act in a way that reflects that [16:20]; Mike Weinstock makes an effort to treat all patients as he would treat them if they were his own family member [17:15]; And more.   Shownotes by Melissa Orman, MD For complete and detailed show notes, previous episodes, or to sign up for our newsletter: https://www.stimuluspodcast.com/   If you like what you hear on Stimulus and use Apple/iTunes as your podcatcher, please consider leaving a review of the show. I read all the reviews and, more importantly, so do potential guests. Thanks in advance! Interested in sponsoring this podcast? Connect with us here Follow Rob:Twitter: https://twitter.com/emergencypdx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stimuluswithrobormanmd Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/emergencypdx

In this episode we hear from eight leading physician educators about a core principle of patient care:  primum non nocere. We learn that limiting harm can translate into doing what's medically right, putting the patient's welfare first, judicious use of IV fluids, reducing opioid prescribing, making a habit of pausing when depleted, acknowledging the end of life, and allowing a natural death.    Listen on: iTunes Spotify Stitcher   Guests:  Cam Berg MD, Neda Frayha MD, Scott Weingart MD, Josh Russell MD, Haney Mallemat MD, Alan Sielaff MD, Vicky Vella MD, and Mike Weinstock MD    We Discuss: The importance of figuring out the core principles that drive your medical decision-making [1:30]; Primum non nocere, and how it is good for patients and good for us [02:40]; Cameron Berg is concerned about the harm caused by excessive prescription of opiates in the ED [05:10];    Neda Frayha learned that ordering more tests on patients can cause more harm than good [07:25];.  Scott Weingart applies the “do no harm” principle to the use of IV fluids when resuscitating patients in septic shock [09:20]; Josh Russell tries to limit harm by thinking about what he'd want to have done, if he were in his patient's shoes [11:00]; Haney Mallemat has come to learn that many patients are predestined for bad outcomes, and the provision of maximal therapy is actually harmful [13:40]; Alan Sielaff uses shared decision-making to help guide him in doing no harm [15:50]; Vicky Vella believes that “do no harm” is recognizing when a patient is near the end of their life and, as a physician, trying to act in a way that reflects that [16:20]; Mike Weinstock makes an effort to treat all patients as he would treat them if they were his own family member [17:15]; And more.   Shownotes by Melissa Orman, MD For complete and detailed show notes, previous episodes, or to sign up for our newsletter: https://www.stimuluspodcast.com/   If you like what you hear on Stimulus and use Apple/iTunes as your podcatcher, please consider leaving a review of the show. I read all the reviews and, more importantly, so do potential guests. Thanks in advance! Interested in sponsoring this podcast? Connect with us here Follow Rob:Twitter: https://twitter.com/emergencypdx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stimuluswithrobormanmd Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/emergencypdx

The treatment of non-hospitalized patients suffering from COVID-19 is a hot topic and constantly changing. Today we have a conversation with Salim Rezaie, MD whose dive into this literature couldn't be much deeper. We discuss which subgroup of patients might benefit from monoclonal antibodies, why the jury is still out on the benefit of ivermectin, the role of inhaled budesonide, and outpatient anticoagulation which hasn't been studied, but hopefully will be someday. Listen on: iTunes Spotify Stitcher     Guest Bio:  Salim Rezaie completed his medical school training at Texas A&M Health Science Center and continued his medical education with a combined Emergency Medicine/Internal Medicine residency at East Carolina University.  He currently works as a community emergency physician at Greater San Antonio Emergency Physicians (GSEP) where he is the director of clinical education.  Salim is the creator and founder of REBEL EM and REBEL Cast, a free, critical appraisal blog and podcast that tries to cut down knowledge translation gaps of research to bedside clinical practice. Hear more from Salim on Stimulus #16 Accumulation of Marginal Gains.    We Discuss: The fact that the best treatment of COVID-19 is prevention through vaccination [2:30];   The value and purported benefit of monoclonal antibodies [03:21];     Whether a rapid antibody test would help predict seronegativity [06:30];   Specifically which monoclonal antibodies are being used in Salim's shop [07:40]; The irony of people demanding monoclonal antibodies, but refusing vaccination because they don't know what's in it [08:50];     Why you can't trust everything you read about COVID-19 therapy in a news headline [12:40];   One of the largest ivermectin studies which was based on falsified data, yet continues to influence the results of meta-analyses  [15:30];   Inhaled budesonide for COVID-19 symptom control [22:00];   The slippery slope of outpatient anticoagulation [23:39];   The things Salim might do if he had symptomatic COVID-19 and was well enough to be managed as an outpatient [27:25];     And more.   Shownotes by Melissa Orman, MD For complete and detailed show notes, previous episodes, or to sign up for our newsletter: https://www.stimuluspodcast.com/   If you like what you hear on Stimulus and use Apple/iTunes as your podcatcher, please consider leaving a review of the show. I read all the reviews and, more importantly, so do potential guests. Thanks in advance! Interested in sponsoring this podcast? Connect with us here Follow Rob:Twitter: https://twitter.com/emergencypdx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stimuluswithrobormanmd Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/emergencypdx

The treatment of non-hospitalized patients suffering from COVID-19 is a hot topic and constantly changing. Today we have a conversation with Salim Rezaie, MD whose dive into this literature couldn't be much deeper. We discuss which subgroup of patients might benefit from monoclonal antibodies, why the jury is still out on the benefit of ivermectin, the role of inhaled budesonide, and outpatient anticoagulation which hasn't been studied, but hopefully will be someday. Listen on: iTunes Spotify Stitcher   Guest Bio:  Salim Rezaie completed his medical school training at Texas A&M Health Science Center and continued his medical education with a combined Emergency Medicine/Internal Medicine residency at East Carolina University.  He currently works as a community emergency physician at Greater San Antonio Emergency Physicians (GSEP) where he is the director of clinical education.  Salim is the creator and founder of REBEL EM and REBEL Cast, a free, critical appraisal blog and podcast that tries to cut down knowledge translation gaps of research to bedside clinical practice. Hear more from Salim on Stimulus #16 Accumulation of Marginal Gains.    We Discuss: The fact that the best treatment of COVID-19 is prevention through vaccination [2:30];   The value and purported benefit of monoclonal antibodies [03:21];     Whether a rapid antibody test would help predict seronegativity [06:30];   Specifically which monoclonal antibodies are being used in Salim's shop [07:40]; The irony of people demanding monoclonal antibodies, but refusing vaccination because they don't know what's in it [08:50];     Why you can't trust everything you read about COVID-19 therapy in a news headline [12:40];   One of the largest ivermectin studies which was based on falsified data, yet continues to influence the results of meta-analyses  [15:30];   Inhaled budesonide for COVID-19 symptom control [22:00];   The slippery slope of outpatient anticoagulation [23:39];   The things Salim might do if he had symptomatic COVID-19 and was well enough to be managed as an outpatient [27:25];   And more.   Shownotes by Melissa Orman, MD For complete and detailed show notes, previous episodes, or to sign up for our newsletter: https://www.stimuluspodcast.com/   If you like what you hear on Stimulus and use Apple/iTunes as your podcatcher, please consider leaving a review of the show. I read all the reviews and, more importantly, so do potential guests. Thanks in advance! Interested in sponsoring this podcast? Connect with us here Follow Rob:Twitter: https://twitter.com/emergencypdx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stimuluswithrobormanmd Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/emergencypdx

Host: Neilanjan Nandi, MD Guest: Jason Schairer, MD For a significant portion of our patients, pouchitis can be a frustrating and trying condition plagued with urgent diarrhea, incontinence, and even complications of fistula and stricture. Fortunately, a group of clinicians have gathered together to develop consensus guidelines on the endoscopic evaluation and clinical management of pouchitis and its potential complications. And who better to give us an in-depth review of the new guidelines than Dr. Jason Schairer, one of the authors of the guidelines.

Host: Neilanjan Nandi, MD Guest: Jason Schairer, MD For a significant portion of our patients, pouchitis can be a frustrating and trying condition plagued with urgent diarrhea, incontinence, and even complications of fistula and stricture. Fortunately, a group of clinicians have gathered together to develop consensus guidelines on the endoscopic evaluation and clinical management of pouchitis and its potential complications. And who better to give us an in-depth review of the new guidelines than Dr. Jason Schairer, one of the authors of the guidelines.

Thinking about a career as an  expert witness but now quite sure how to get started? Or perhaps you already have a side gig in this line of work but you want to up your game. In this episode we chat with Amal Mattu, MD who is an expert at being an expert witness. He shares pearls of wisdom including what inspires him to do this, how he does it, and why you should remain nice even when it's getting heated in the courtroom.  Our second conversation is with Rich Orman, JD who has years of experience working with expert witnesses as a trial attorney. He gives his perspective on the mistakes expert physicians make and teaches us that preparation is the key to success. Listen on: iTunes Spotify Stitcher   Guest Bios:  Amal Mattu, MD is a professor of emergency medicine at the University of Maryland. He's known worldwide for his expertise in educating on emergency cardiology issues as well as his medical legal expertise and experience.  Rich Orman, JD spent nearly three decades as a trial lawyer, working across the spectrum of practice types - public defender, private practice, and most recently as Senior Chief Deputy District Attorney in Colorado's 18th judicial district.    We Discuss: What inspires Amal to be an expert witness and why he usually works for the defense [1:59]; How to review a chart [6:20]; Reimbursement strategies and keeping track of hours [08:37]; How being involved in court cases influences what you say in a podcast or teach publicly [10:00]; The fact that medicine is not as clear cut as attorneys make it out to be [10:00]; Why you should be even-keeled and nice when you're on the stand and things get heated [13:55]; The steps to getting started with med-mal work [18:30]; The importance of knowing clinical policies and guidelines for your specialty (because they'll be brought up in court) [20:30]; An attorney's perspective on the mistakes expert physicians make [29:50]; Alleviating the fear of physicians who are terrified of being on the witness stand [34:15]; Advice Rich would give to an expert physician witness who is being cross-examined in an antagonistic way and is clearly unsettled [37:35]; Rich's advice for responding to ‘yes/no' questions when there isn't a ‘yes/no' answer [41:55]; What do the best expert witnesses do that the worst ones never do:  prepare [43:15]; The difference between direct testimony and cross-examination [50:15]; And more. Shownotes by Melissa Orman, MD For complete and detailed show notes, previous episodes, or to sign up for our newsletter: https://www.stimuluspodcast.com/ If you like what you hear on Stimulus and use Apple/iTunes as your podcatcher, please consider leaving a review of the show. I read all the reviews and, more importantly, so do potential guests. Thanks in advance! Interested in sponsoring this podcast? Connect with us here Follow Rob:Twitter: https://twitter.com/emergencypdx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stimuluswithrobormanmd Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/emergencypdx

Thinking about a career as an  expert witness but now quite sure how to get started? Or perhaps you already have a side gig in this line of work but you want to up your game. In this episode we chat with Amal Mattu, MD who is an expert at being an expert witness. He shares pearls of wisdom including what inspires him to do this, how he does it, and why you should remain nice even when it's getting heated in the courtroom.  Our second conversation is with Rich Orman, JD who has years of experience working with expert witnesses as a trial attorney. He gives his perspective on the mistakes expert physicians make and teaches us that preparation is the key to success. Listen on: iTunes Spotify Stitcher   Guest Bios:  Amal Mattu, MD is a professor of emergency medicine at the University of Maryland. He's known worldwide for his expertise in educating on emergency cardiology issues as well as his medical legal expertise and experience.  Rich Orman, JD spent nearly three decades as a trial lawyer, working across the spectrum of practice types - public defender, private practice, and most recently as Senior Chief Deputy District Attorney in Colorado's 18th judicial district.    We Discuss: What inspires Amal to be an expert witness and why he usually works for the defense [1:59]; How to review a chart [6:20]; Reimbursement strategies and keeping track of hours [08:37]; How being involved in court cases influences what you say in a podcast or teach publicly [10:00]; The fact that medicine is not as clear cut as attorneys make it out to be [10:00]; Why you should be even-keeled and nice when you're on the stand and things get heated [13:55]; The steps to getting started with med-mal work [18:30]; The importance of knowing clinical policies and guidelines for your specialty (because they'll be brought up in court) [20:30]; An attorney's perspective on the mistakes expert physicians make [29:50]; Alleviating the fear of physicians who are terrified of being on the witness stand [34:15]; Advice Rich would give to an expert physician witness who is being cross-examined in an antagonistic way and is clearly unsettled [37:35]; Rich's advice for responding to ‘yes/no' questions when there isn't a ‘yes/no' answer [41:55]; What do the best expert witnesses do that the worst ones never do:  prepare [43:15]; The difference between direct testimony and cross-examination [50:15]; And more. Shownotes by Melissa Orman, MD For complete and detailed show notes, previous episodes, or to sign up for our newsletter: https://www.stimuluspodcast.com/ If you like what you hear on Stimulus and use Apple/iTunes as your podcatcher, please consider leaving a review of the show. I read all the reviews and, more importantly, so do potential guests. Thanks in advance! Interested in sponsoring this podcast? Connect with us here Follow Rob:Twitter: https://twitter.com/emergencypdx Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stimuluswithrobormanmd Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/emergencypdx

This week's Modern Drummer Podcast with Billy Amendola & David Frangioni features session / live drummer Chad Cromwell. A first call Nashville and LA studio drummer who brought his Memphis roots to Nashville recordings since 1990, with Lady Antebellum, (now known as Lady A) LeAnn Rimes, Amy Grant, Dave Stewart, and Joss Stone, to name a few. Chad tells us about his touring days with Peter Frampton, Mark Knopfler and Neil Young, as well as filling us in on, his Craviotto drum kit and playing with Sir Paul McCartney. Peter Frampton told MD: “For me the drummer in any band is the engine that drives and steers the rest of the players. Chad is one of a handful of players in the world who has the sensitivity and overall feel to take the music to another level.” Sit back, listen, and enjoy!

Host: Tracey Evans, MD Guest: Raja Mudad, MD For thirty years, there were limited therapeutic advancements leading to FDA approvals in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, this all changed with the IMpower133 trial, which led to the emergence of immunotherapy as a first line treatment option in ES-SCLC. Joining Dr. Tracey Evans is medical oncologist Dr. Raja Mudad to discuss the IMpower133 trial and the reasons to consider TECENTRIQ® (atezolizumab), the first immunotherapy combination for patients with ES-SCLC. This program is intended for US Physicians. M-US-00010808(v1.0)

Host: Paul Paik, MD Guest: Joshua K. Sabari, MD For the 3% to 4% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who harbor a MET exon 14 skipping mutation, the prognosis is grave. MET gene dysregulation may also play a role in the emergence of resistance to EGFR TKI therapy in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC, further complicating treatment. Join our case discussion as Dr. Paul Paik and Dr. Josh Sabari highlight the importance of identifying MET gene aberrations in patients with NSCLC.

Guest: Erica Herzog, MD, PhD & Marilyn Glassberg, MD  For more information, please visit https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/Curriculum/bi-ofev  

Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is the calling card of COVID-19, but there are detrimental effects on the central nervous system, including numerous organs. In this episode, experts in ICU sedation, neurointensive care, and postcritical care outcomes discuss issues related to the sedation of ventilated COVID-19 patients, acute direct and indirect neurological effects, chronic neurological recovery, and the interplay of all three. (Originally recorded August 6, 2020) Moderators: Steven Q. Simpson, MD, FCCP, and Deepa Gotur, MD, FCCP Panelists: Neha S. Dangayach, MD; Ashish K. Khanna MD, FCCP; and Carla M. Sevin, MD  For more tools to help in the fight against COVID-19, visit CHEST's COVID-19 Resource Center at chestnet.org/COVID19.

In today's episode, you will meet Dr. Saya Nagori and hear all about her revolutionary business, Simple Contacts. You will hear how she got her business started and how she has used ophthalmologic telemedicine to help over 500,000 patients with their contact lenses. Dr. Nagori's business is also expanding to provide birth control to women in need who may not have access to it otherwise through Simple Health. Don't miss out on hearing about her future plans as well! In this episode, you will learn: How Dr. Nagori got involved with and started to develop Simple Contacts. How the process works to safely take an online eye exam and order contact lenses. Why Dr. Nagori feels that using telemedicine technology can improve a patient's contact lens practices. Where she met her business partners and how they all teamed up to get started. How she launched the app formally to the public and started marketing it as well. Why some states are not on board with ophthalmologic telemedicine and do not want to approve the use of it in their state. How Dr. Nagori and her business have recently raised over 16 million dollars towards her business' growth. Nagori and her team are now expanding the business to provide birth control through telemedicine as well through their new site: Simplehealth.com. How she manages to be a physician, wife and entrepreneur all at the same time. Dr. Saya Nagori completed her undergraduate training at Villanova University where she earned her Bachelor of Science degree and was a Presidential Scholar. She then attended Drexel University College of Medicine where she was a recipient of the Arnold P. Gold Foundation Fellowship for her work in patient education in regards to diabetic eye disease. Dr. Nagori completed her ophthalmology residency program at St. Luke's and Roosevelt Hospital System in New York City where she was Chief Resident. She then completed a Glaucoma Fellowship at the Kresge Eye Insitute in Michigan. Dr. Nagori most recently was a glaucoma specialist and anterior segment surgeon, performing both cataract surgery as well as surgery for glaucoma at NYU School of Medicine. In the summer of 2015, Dr. Nagori joined Joel Wishkovsky and Ryan Quigley to found Simple Contacts. She is currently setting up her own practice in the Washington, D.C. area and will be open for business in the next few weeks. Links we discussed in the show: Check out Dr. Nagori's business to simplify your contact ordering experience at: Simplecontacts.com. Listen in on one of Carrie's favorite podcasts and blogs: Affordanything.com. Learn more about how to start your own business at: Startupweekend.org. Find out more about her new venture to provide birth control through telemedicine at: Simplehealth.com. Quotes from Saya Nagori, MD: “For a lot of patients this is a very useful service because their prescription isn't changing.” “There are ways we can use technology to improve patient adherence to good contact lens practices.” “It is incredible as to how sophisticated it has become over 2.5 years.” “Just getting patients what they need without them having to jump through hoops to get it.” Special thank you to this week's show sponsors: PearsonRavitz for all of your physician disability and life insurance needs and Johanna Fox Turner at Fox & Company Wealth Management. Thank you for listening to the Hippocratic Hustle! I know that time is your most valuable resource so I really appreciate you spending some of it with me. If you enjoyed today's show, please share it! If you'd like to help me improve and grow the podcast, send your suggestions to: Carrie@HippocraticHustle.com Lastly, don't forget to subscribe to the podcast, so you won't miss an episode!

Host: David Weisman, MD Guest: John Khoury, MD For the first time, the FDA has approved a direct-to-consumer genetic test from 23andme that will inform patients if they are predisposed to diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Celiac Disease among others. Proponents applaud this decision, saying this will allow for people to know their genetic health risks and be more proactive about their health. Others argue that this information doesn't tell the whole story since predisposition doesn't reflect someone's ultimate risk or likelihood of developing a disease. What are the benefits and liabilities of consumers' access to genetic testing? Host Dr. David Weisman, Director of Clinical Trials at Abington Neurological Associates, sits down with Dr. John Khoury, Associate Director at Abington Memorial Hospital Sleep Disorders Center, to debate the merits and pitfalls of direct-to-consumer genetic testing.

Steppin' Out Radio is proud to present this special webseries with Dr. Robert Newman of Stop Sigma Now, a group dedicated to eradicating the stigma associated with the medical treatment of addiction. They believe no one taking medication to overcome opiate addiction should feel ashamed or disgraced.   About Dr. Robert Newman Robert Newman, MD For over 40 years Dr. Newman has played a major role in planning and directing some of the largest addiction treatment programs in the world . Throughout his career he has championed the right of drug-dependent persons to treatment access and to be cared for under the same conditions as apply to the management of all other chronic medical conditions. Dr. Newman is currently Adjunct Professor of Preventive Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. In 2014 Dr. Newman was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun by the Government of Japan for his contribution to medical care and education for Japanese in the New York metropolitan area.   Click to Play Part 1 of “Stop Stigma Now”  

Steppin' Out Radio is proud to present this special webseries with Dr. Robert Newman of Stop Sigma Now, a group dedicated to eradicating the stigma associated with the medical treatment of addiction. They believe no one taking medication to overcome opiate addiction should feel ashamed or disgraced.   About Dr. Robert Newman Robert Newman, MD For over 40 years Dr. Newman has played a major role in planning and directing some of the largest addiction treatment programs in the world . Throughout his career he has championed the right of drug-dependent persons to treatment access and to be cared for under the same conditions as apply to the management of all other chronic medical conditions. Dr. Newman is currently Adjunct Professor of Preventive Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. In 2014 Dr. Newman was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun by the Government of Japan for his contribution to medical care and education for Japanese in the New York metropolitan area. Click to Play Part 4 of “Stop Stigma Now”  

Steppin' Out Radio is proud to present this special webseries with Dr. Robert Newman of Stop Sigma Now, a group dedicated to eradicating the stigma associated with the medical treatment of addiction. They believe no one taking medication to overcome opiate addiction should feel ashamed or disgraced.   About Dr. Robert Newman Robert Newman, MD For over 40 years Dr. Newman has played a major role in planning and directing some of the largest addiction treatment programs in the world . Throughout his career he has championed the right of drug-dependent persons to treatment access and to be cared for under the same conditions as apply to the management of all other chronic medical conditions. Dr. Newman is currently Adjunct Professor of Preventive Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. In 2014 Dr. Newman was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun by the Government of Japan for his contribution to medical care and education for Japanese in the New York metropolitan area.   Click to Play Part 3 of “Stop Stigma Now”  

Steppin' Out Radio is proud to present this special webseries with Dr. Robert Newman of Stop Sigma Now, a group dedicated to eradicating the stigma associated with the medical treatment of addiction. They believe no one taking medication to overcome opiate addiction should feel ashamed or disgraced.   About Dr. Robert Newman Robert Newman, MD For over 40 years Dr. Newman has played a major role in planning and directing some of the largest addiction treatment programs in the world . Throughout his career he has championed the right of drug-dependent persons to treatment access and to be cared for under the same conditions as apply to the management of all other chronic medical conditions. Dr. Newman is currently Adjunct Professor of Preventive Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. In 2014 Dr. Newman was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun by the Government of Japan for his contribution to medical care and education for Japanese in the New York metropolitan area.   Click to Play Part 2 of “Stop Stigma Now”  

Host: Matt Birnholz, MD For people who carry genetic predispositions toward Alzheimer's Disease, little is currently known about predicting the onset, course, and severity of disease at the individual level. However, because cogntitive degenerative diseases most often follow a gradual course of symptom progression later in life, medical professionals must be aware of the distinct, discoverable changes that occur at the "preclinical" stage, i.e prior to the symptomatic onset of memory loss. In this session of Grand Rounds from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, participants learn about Alzheimer's Disease from an unique perspective of the preclinical stage. From classical signs on physicial exam to emerging biomolecular lab tests and novel imaging modalities, the pathophysiologic changes underlying Alzheimer's Disease are explored in depth. Presenting this session of Grand Rounds is Dr. Richard Caselli, behavioral neurologist and professor of neurology at the Mayo Clnic in Scottsdale, Arizona. This is Part 2 of a lecture in three parts. Part 1 >> Part 3 >> To view the complete video recording of this and other Grand Rounds sessions from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, visit their website.

Host: Matt Birnholz, MD For people who carry genetic predispositions toward Alzheimer's Disease, little is currently known about predicting the onset, course, and severity of disease at the individual level. However, because cogntitive degenerative diseases most often follow a gradual course of symptom progression later in life, medical professionals must be aware of the distinct, discoverable changes that occur at the "preclinical" stage, i.e prior to the symptomatic onset of memory loss. In this session of Grand Rounds from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, participants learn about Alzheimer's Disease from an unique perspective of the preclinical stage. From classical signs on physicial exam to emerging biomolecular lab tests and novel imaging modalities, the pathophysiologic changes underlying Alzheimer's Disease are explored in depth. Presenting this session of Grand Rounds is Dr. Richard Caselli, behavioral neurologist and professor of neurology at the Mayo Clnic in Scottsdale, Arizona. This is Part 3 of a lecture in three parts. Part 1 >> Part 2 >> To view the complete video recording of this and other Grand Rounds sessions from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, visit their website.

Host: Matt Birnholz, MD For people who carry genetic predispositions toward Alzheimer's disease, little is currently known about predicting the onset, course, and severity of disease at the individual level. However, because cogntitive degenerative diseases most often follow a gradual course of symptom progression later in life, medical professionals must be aware of the distinct, discoverable changes that occur at the "preclinical" stage, i.e prior to the symptomatic onset of memory loss. In this session of Grand Rounds from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, participants learn about Alzheimer's Disease from a unique perspective of the preclinical stage. From classical signs on physicial exam to emerging biomolecular lab tests and novel imaging modalities, the pathophysiologic changes underlying Alzheimer's disease are explored in depth. Presenting this session of Grand Rounds is Dr. Richard Caselli, behavioral neurologist and professor of neurology at the Mayo Clnic in Scottsdale, Arizona. This is Part 1 of a lecture in three parts. Part 2 >> Part 3 >> To view the complete video recording of this and other Grand Rounds sessions from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, visit their website.

Guest: William Parker, MD Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD For many years, bilateral oopherectomy has been a routine part of hysterectomy. After a certain age, we reasoned that the role of the ovaries in helping women achieve hormonal balance was outweighed by the risks for ovarian cancer, thus offering women their best odds of long-term survival. Yet new evidence on the risks of routine bilateral oopherectomy challenges this conventional wisdom. Is it time we change our practice? Host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill examines the findings with Dr. William Parker, clinical professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of California, Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, and a faculty member of the John Wayne Cancer Institute in Santa Monica, California. The lead author of a study published in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Parker also explores the mechanisms behind the potential risks investigated by his team, ranging from specific cancers to heart disease and all-cause mortality.

Guest: James Speta, JD Host: Michael Greenberg, MD For years, people have turned to online review websites before deciding which restaurants or hotels most deserved their hard-earned dollars. Now, a new category of online reviews is growing, as more patients are posting their own editorials about their physicians. This trend towards patients reviewing their physicians online can be helpful at best, and inaccurate or harmful, at worst. Mr. Jim Speta, law professor at Northwestern University School of Law specializing in telecommunications and internet policy, discusses how physicians can protect themselves from defamatory or unfavorable internet reviews. Is it prudent to have patients sign waivers, barring them from writing online reviews, or are these waivers insignificant, thanks to the anonymity of the internet? What else can physicians do to protect themselves from any potential dangers of review websites?

Guest: Anne Marie Albano, PhD, ABPP Host: Bill Rutenberg, MD For the last several years, the mainstays of treatment for children with anxiety disorders have varied among practitioners, but few attempts have been made to evaluate their comparative or combinatorial effectiveness. Dr. Anne Marie Albano, associate professor of clinical psychology in psychiatry and director of the Clinic for Anxiety and Related Disorders in the division of child and adolescent psychiatry at Columbia University Medical Center, shares the outcomes of her research comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with medication in treating anxiety disorders in children. Dr. Albano discusses these two forms of therapy, both in isolation and combined, to treat a variety of problems, such as generalized anxiety disorder and social phobias. Dr. Bill Rutenberg hosts.

Guest: H. Peter Chase, MD Host: Mary Leuchars, MD For teenage diabetic populations, maintaining good glycemic control is often a low priority. Clinicians and families need to be aware of special considerations in this age group to ensure better control and reduce risk for postpubertal complication. How do physicians optimize management protocols for patients entering a stage of rapid hormonal flux? Can school support systems and peer groups play integral roles? Answering these questions with host Dr. Mary Leuchars is Dr. H. Peter Chase, professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and past executive and clinical director of the Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes in Denver, Colorado.

Guest: Beverly Green, MD, MPH Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD For each 10 millimeter drop toward normal systolic blood pressure, research tells us that heart disease mortality risk drops by an average of 30 percent. New internet-based hypertension interventions are proving they could produce this steep, impressive decline. How can these web initiatives help our patients take a more active role in their care? If patients are based at home, how can we ensure that they are following proper protocol for taking blood pressure measurements? Host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill takes a closer look at these issues and more with Dr. Beverly Green, an affiliate investigator at the Group Health Center for Health Studies in Seattle, and the lead author of research published in JAMA on innovative web-based interventions for patients with uncontrolled hypertension.

Guest: Alan Hemming, MD Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD For patients with severe hepatic malignancy, attempts to cure their illness are rarely, if ever, successful. We're learning, however, that a more aggressive surgical approach may extend survival rates well beyond those of our previous techniques. Dr. Alan Hemming, professor of surgery and chief of transplantation and hepatobiliary surgery at the University of Florida College of Medicine, details his pursuit of novel measures to surgically address severe hepatic malignancies with host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill.

Guest: Brian Lawenda, MD Host: Lee Freedman, MD For our patients undergoing cancer treatment, what role do antioxidant substances play? Further, should we encourage or actively discourage these patients from taking them? Dr. Brian Lawenda, assistant professor of radiation oncology at the Indiana University School of Medicine, discusses the rationale for and against the use of antioxidants in patients receiving both chemotherapy and radiation therapy with your host, Dr. Lee Freedman.

Guest: Richard Lipton, MD Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD For decades, researchers and medical professionals have pursued a more concrete understanding of migraine headaches. We're still not sure of the origin of migraines, but we may have found a device that minimizes their impact. Dr. Richard Lipton, professor and vice chair of neurology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and director of the Montefiore Headache Center in New York City, shares details on this device with host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill.

Host: Ketan Sheth, MD, MBA Guest: Stuart Stoloff, MD For the first time in 10 years, the guidelines for allergy management have been significantly updated. With the goal of optimizing asthma control for every patient, how were the new guidelines created, and how should they be applied? Dr. Stuart Stoloff, a family practitioner from Carson City, Nevada, and member of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program's Expert Panel 3, speaks with your host, Dr. Ketan Sheth on the creation of the new guidelines and their application in the exam room.

Host: Leslie P. Lundt, MD Guest: Michael Gordon, MD For many of us, one of the first signs of aging is presbyopia. In fact, the word comes from the Greek presbys which means old person. Other than growing longer arms or keeping a pair of reading glasses in every room, are there other treatments available? Host Dr. Leslie Lundt welcomes refractive surgeon Dr. Michael Gordon to discuss conductive keratoplasty (CK).

Host: Leslie P. Lundt, MD Guest: Michael Gordon, MD For many of us, one of the first signs of aging is presbyopia. In fact, the word comes from the Greek presbys which means old person. Other than growing longer arms or keeping a pair of reading glasses in every room, are there other treatments available? Host Dr. Leslie Lundt welcomes refractive surgeon Dr. Michael Gordon to discuss conductive keratoplasty (CK).

Guest: David Muzina, MD Host: Leslie P. Lundt, MD For most of us, the possibility that patients may kill themselves is the most emotionally wrenching part of treating psychiatric disorders. Having at one's fingertips a practical approach to suicide assessment is mandatory for all clinicians. Dr. David Muzina from the Cleveland Clinic outlines the B-SAFE plan for host Dr. Leslie Lundt.

Guest: Jim Hirsch Host: Leslie P. Lundt, MD For our young patients with diabetes, there is a lollipop lurking around every corner. Many of us never give a second thought to the pervasiveness of sweets and snacks in our culture. Until a child is diagnosed, of course. James Hirsch, author of “Cheating Destiny," joins host Dr. Leslie Lundt to review advice you can give to parents raising a child with diabetes in today’s world.

Guest: Stephen Colagiuri, MD Host: Shira Johnson, MD For years physicians have been taught to target the FBS in their diabetic patients. Dr. Shira Johnson interviews Dr. Stephen Colaguiri from the International Diabetes Federation whose recent work shows that this is not enough.

Host: Michael Benson, MD Guest: Susan Cu-Uvin, MD For women with HIV in the US, nursing is not an option. Yet is nursing their babies a better choice for women with HIV in other countries? The answer may surprise you. Today our guest is Dr. Susan Cu-Uvin, professor of obstetrics and gynecology and Medicine at Brown Medical School. She is also Director of the Miriam Hospital's Immunology Center in Providence Rhode Island, which provides comprehensive care to over a thousand women and men living with HIV/AIDS. She is doing NIH-funded research on the prevalence and transmission of HIV among women during pregnancy.

Guest: Robert Beasley, MD Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD For diabetic patients one of the most serious complications is PAD or peripheral artery disease. Critical Limb Ischemia is the most severe form of PAD. Can it be prevented? Is there a cure? Learn more as host Mark Nolan Hill, MD interviews vascular surgeon and interventional radiologist, Dr. Robert Beasley.