CG Garage

Marti Romances, co-founder and creative director of Territory Studio San Fransisco, joins the podcast to share his journey from designing DVD menus in Spain to creating iconic futuristic interfaces for blockbuster films like Prometheus, The Martian, Guardians of the Galaxy, and Captain America: The Winter Soldier. With roots in multimedia and motion graphics, Marti explains how his early passion for architectural drawings and spatial design naturally evolved into a unique approach to interface aesthetics. His breakthrough came when he moved to the UK and joined Activision, eventually landing at the nascent Territory Studio, where he helped define a new visual language for storytelling through motion design in narrative media. In this episode, we dive into how sci-fi interfaces not only serve narrative functions on screen but often inspire real-world technology—from heads-up displays to augmented reality systems. Marti discusses the balance between realism and imagination in interface design, the transition from on-set graphics to post-production VFX, and how new mediums like AR, AI, and automotive UX are redefining our relationship with digital interaction. As he puts it, the goal is to keep “augmenting the human experience,” whether it's in a movie theater, a car, or a future mixed-reality space.

Michael Ralla joins the podcast to share his journey through the world of visual effects, with a focus on his latest project as VFX Supervisor on the film Sinners. He discusses how he worked closely with cinematographer Autumn Durald Arkapaw, whose fearless approach to lighting and darkness pushed the creative envelope. The episode features a deep conversation about the differences between film and digital, the evolving language of color, and how these choices impact storytelling—insights that are especially relevant to the visual style of Sinners. Michael also opens up about his unconventional path into VFX, from his early ambitions as a heavy metal drummer to finding his footing in sound engineering, and ultimately discovering his passion for compositing. He reflects on his formative years at Scanline, learning the ropes through hands-on experience, and how that foundation led him to major studios like Digital Domain and ILM. Throughout the episode, Michael's candid perspective offers a rare look at the challenges and excitement of modern visual effects, as well as the importance of staying adaptable in an ever-changing industry.

Jess Loren, CEO and co-founder of Global Objects, joins us for a wide-ranging conversation about the future of immersive content and the creative tech reshaping the industry. A force to be reckoned with, Jess has a sharp pulse on where things are headed, and she doesn't hold back when discussing the current state of Hollywood. She talks candidly about the challenges studios and creators face today, and how technology like digital scanning, virtual production, and Gaussian splats can embolden independent filmmakers. Jess also shares insight into how she builds meaningful partnerships across art, tech, and media. Her business and life partner, Erick Geisler, appeared back in episode 483, and together they've helped position Global Objects at the intersection of innovation and storytelling. In this episode, Jess dives into her own journey as an entrepreneur and explains how she identifies trends before they break, working with brands, creators, and studios to help them stay ahead. Whether you're building pipelines, pitching ideas, or just trying to understand where things are going, this episode offers a grounded, unfiltered look at the creative future.

Johnson Yan, a trailblazer in real-time 3D graphics, joins the podcast to recount his remarkable journey from the earliest days of computer graphics and flight simulation. Starting in the late 1970s, Johnson tackled fundamental challenges like texture mapping, anti-aliasing, translucency, and scalability, long before today's GPU technology emerged. He shares insights into his pioneering work at Singer-Link, where he developed flight simulators utilizing vector graphics and early raster technology, laying the groundwork for both military training and future advancements in real-time visualization. In this episode, Johnson also discusses his transition into the commercial sector, detailing his impactful roles at companies like Sun Microsystems and Oak Technology. He explores his efforts to develop affordable 3D graphics chips, significantly enhancing consumer PCs' capabilities. Reflecting on industry milestones such as the rise of NVIDIA, the evolution from rasterization to ray tracing, and the integration of AI into modern graphics, Johnson provides unique historical context and personal anecdotes. His firsthand perspective offers a rare glimpse into the technological evolution of real-time graphics spanning nearly half a century.

Sebastian Sylwan has a wealth of experience, having been CTO at Weta Digital, Scanline, and Felix & Paul Studios, as well as Director of Technology at Digital Domain. He's spent his career at the intersection of art and technology, helping world-class teams push the boundaries of visual effects, immersive media, and real-time workflows. In this episode, he reflects on the challenges of innovating in production environments—where the pressure to deliver can often stifle meaningful experimentation—and offers a thoughtful look at how our industry might evolve if we rethink our relationship with technology. We talk about what it means to be truly innovative, how to design systems that scale while still empowering artists, and why creative industries so often fall into patterns of short-term thinking. Sebastian also shares some candid thoughts on how leadership, culture, and communication play a critical role in making or breaking new ideas. If you've ever struggled to bring a great tool or pipeline into a legacy studio, or wondered why some groundbreaking tech never catches on, this episode is for you.

Scott Ross, legendary VFX executive and co-founder of Digital Domain, joins the podcast for an unfiltered conversation about the state of the film industry and the visual effects business. With decades of experience and a reputation for telling it like it is, Scott digs into the systemic challenges facing Hollywood—from broken economic models in studio filmmaking to the relentless pressure on VFX vendors. He reflects on his time building Digital Domain alongside James Cameron and shares insights from his new book, UPSTART: The Digital Film Revolution – Managing the Unmanageable, which chronicles his journey through the chaos and creativity that have defined modern filmmaking. While Scott doesn't sugarcoat the industry's issues, he also sees glimmers of hope. He highlights the rise of global talent and a shift toward more authentic, filmmaker-driven storytelling. The conversation touches on the role of AI, the decline of theatrical experiences, and the urgent need for systemic change—while still holding onto the belief that the future of cinema is worth fighting for. With honesty, insight, and passion, Scott offers a rare perspective from someone who's been at the center of the digital revolution and still has something to say.

Joshua Lastine, an entertainment lawyer, returns to the podcast to break down the rapidly changing legal and business landscape of the film industry. As AI tools reshape content creation, streaming platforms redefine distribution, and independent filmmakers leverage new technology, Joshua explains how contracts, intellectual property, and revenue models are evolving. He dives into the legal implications of AI in filmmaking, from WGA and SAG-AFTRA's new protections to the ethical and financial risks of content licensing for AI training. He also discusses how major studios are adapting to these shifts and what it means for the future of traditional and independent production. The conversation highlights how cutting-edge technology is empowering low-budget filmmakers to create studio-quality content without massive resources. Joshua explores the impact of real-time rendering, virtual production, and AI-driven tools on independent filmmaking, making it easier than ever to produce high-end visuals on a fraction of the budget. He also breaks down the shifting economics of streaming vs. theatrical releases, how tax incentives influence production locations, and why smart distribution strategies are more critical than ever. Packed with expert legal insights and industry analysis, this episode offers a roadmap for navigating the intersection of law, technology, and the evolving film industry.

Oliver Markowski, Head of 3D at RISE, returns to the podcast to dive deep into the latest advancements in VFX technology. Since his last appearance, the industry has seen major shifts, and Oliver shares insights on how USD and MaterialX have evolved, shaping how studios exchange data and build pipelines. He discusses the adoption of USD across the industry, from major VFX houses to tech giants like NVIDIA and Apple, and the challenges of standardizing MaterialX for real-world production. Oliver also provides an update on RISE's latest projects, including their work on Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3, Megalopolis, and the highly anticipated Fallout series. A major focus of the conversation is the use of Gaussian Splats and how they are revolutionizing virtual production and 3D asset capture. Oliver explains how this technique has surpassed neural radiance fields (NeRFs) in efficiency, enabling real-time 3D reconstruction with remarkable accuracy. He explores its potential to replace traditional polygon-based workflows and the challenges of integrating Gaussian Splats into existing VFX pipelines. With fascinating insights into real-time rendering, AI-driven workflows, and the future of digital filmmaking, this episode is a must-listen for anyone following the cutting edge of VFX innovation.

Eric Barba, Academy Award-winning VFX supervisor, returns to the podcast to discuss his latest work on Alien: Romulus, directed by Fede Álvarez, for which he is nominated for an Oscar in 2025. He shares the challenges of bringing the world of Alien to life, from balancing practical effects with cutting-edge VFX to ensuring the film stays true to Ridley Scott's iconic franchise. Eric dives into the evolution of creature effects, how real-time technology is being used in production, and the meticulous process of creating photorealistic environments that blend seamlessly with on-set footage. Beyond Alien: Romulus, the conversation explores how VFX workflows are evolving, the increasing role of AI in production, and Eric's thoughts on the future of the industry. He also reflects on his time at Digital Domain, leading teams on groundbreaking projects like The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (David Fincher), Tron: Legacy (Joseph Kosinski), and Oblivion (Joseph Kosinski). With behind-the-scenes insights and expert knowledge, Eric offers a fascinating look into the state of visual effects today and where it's heading next.

In the special 500th episode of the CG Garage podcast, Steve Preeg, one of the first-ever guests of the show, returns to reflect on a decade of change in the visual effects industry. An Academy Award-winning VFX supervisor known for his groundbreaking work on The Curious Case of Benjamin Button and TRON: Legacy, Steve shares how both the industry and his own career have evolved since his last appearance. He delves into advancements in digital humans, motion capture, and AI tools, providing insights into the shifting landscape of technology-driven storytelling and where it's headed next. The conversation highlights Steve's contributions to iconic films and the new challenges he faces as he explores innovations in real-time rendering and virtual production. As he reflects on the growth of the podcast and his long-standing friendship with Chris, Steve offers unique advice for aspiring artists navigating the rapidly changing VFX world. This milestone episode celebrates the evolution of both CG Garage and the art of visual effects, showcasing how collaboration and innovation have shaped the industry over the last 10 years.

Jake Maymudes, visual effects supervisor and CEO of Wylie Co., shares his experiences working on major projects like Dune: Part One, Dune: Part Two, and Alien: Romulus. Jake discusses the creative and technical challenges involved in creating the stunning visuals for these films, from complex simulations to photoreal environments. He also reflects on his journey through the visual effects industry, including early work at ILM and his collaborations with industry titans like Paul Lambert and Eric Barba, who he credits as key influences in his career. The conversation dives into the shifting landscape of visual effects, with Jake exploring the growing role of AI in workflows and its implications for artistry and production. He highlights Wylie Co.'s ability to adapt and thrive by handling diverse projects, from high-profile films to episodic content like The Last of Us. Packed with behind-the-scenes insights, Jake's reflections provide a fascinating glimpse into the evolving art and business of visual effects, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, adaptability, and creative problem-solving.

Todd Perry, a veteran visual effects supervisor with decades of experience in the industry, shares his journey from his early fascination with Star Wars to becoming a key figure in VFX. Todd discusses how he transitioned from experimenting with stop-motion and early computer graphics to landing his first major jobs at Imageworks and Weta, working on projects like The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers. He reflects on pivotal moments in his career, including his work as a CG supervisor on blockbuster films like Age of Ultron, Doctor Strange, and Black Panther. Todd also reveals how he embraced the challenges of remote work early, setting the stage for a future in distributed filmmaking. The conversation dives into the evolution of VFX workflows, the integration of AI, and the balance between practical effects and digital artistry. Todd highlights his role in innovative projects like I'm a Virgo and his involvement in the Oscar-shortlisted live-action short film he recently produced and supervised. Packed with industry insights and advice for aspiring artists, this episode showcases Todd's adaptability, passion for storytelling, and deep understanding of the tools shaping the future of filmmaking.

Andy Boyd, co-founder of Jam, shares insights into his studio's journey over the past decade and their ability to adapt to changing industry dynamics. Andy reflects on his studio's blend of commercial and long-form projects, including Brothers, a feature film featuring a photoreal CG orangutan, now available on Amazon Prime. He discusses the challenges of creating realistic fur and how transitioning to V-Ray as a rendering solution revolutionized their approach to creature work. Andy also explores how smaller VFX studios like Jam have carved out niches by focusing on high-quality work for projects with limited but impactful shot counts. The conversation covers the evolution of the VFX industry, the influence of AI as a tool, and the importance of diversifying offerings in a competitive landscape. Andy highlights the growing opportunities for smaller studios to excel in both commercials and specialized film work, sharing how Jam's ability to collaborate and adapt has allowed them to thrive. From comedic PSA campaigns to innovative miniature-based projects like Stanley Spillzilla, Andy's stories showcase the creativity and resourcefulness of a studio determined to push boundaries while staying true to its roots.

Jason Smith, the senior visual effects supervisor on The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power, joins the podcast to discuss his award-winning career in visual effects. With nearly 25 years at Industrial Light & Magic (ILM), Jason's achievements include an Oscar nomination and a Sci-Tech Award from the Academy for his groundbreaking work on Blockparty, a rigging tool used to bring countless creatures to life. He shares how his fascination with creatures and his dedication to mastering both the technical and artistic aspects of VFX have driven his remarkable career. The conversation highlights Jason's contributions to The Rings of Power, where he led the creation of photoreal creatures and solved unique challenges like scale and world-building. He also reflects on his work on iconic projects such as Transformers, Avengers, and Bumblebee, emphasizing the importance of blending practical and digital effects. Jason offers valuable insights into the evolving VFX industry, discussing collaboration, innovation, and the future of visual effects. This episode is a deep dive into the art and science of VFX from one of the industry's most accomplished artists.

Jo Plaete, a pioneer in digital humans and chief innovation officer at Metaphysic, joins the podcast to discuss his company's groundbreaking work on the newly released film Here, now in theaters. Jo traces his journey from his early career in computer graphics and visual effects, working on films like Where the Wild Things Are and Aladdin, to creating cutting-edge AI-driven tools that enable photorealistic de-aging of actors like Tom Hanks and Robin Wright. His experience includes collaborating with Disney Research on facial reconstruction technologies and pushing the boundaries of neural network-based visual effects. Jo also explains how Metaphysic's tools provided real-time feedback on set, allowing filmmakers to see younger versions of the actors instantly. This innovation enabled directors and actors to evaluate performances live, making adjustments on the spot to achieve the most authentic and emotionally resonant portrayal. Jo reflects on the future of digital humans in cinema, emphasizing how AI and real-time feedback are reshaping storytelling while maintaining a high level of artistic control.

Daniel Thron, Erick Schiele, and James Blevins join Chris to discuss their work on the short film Ray Tracing FTW. Directed by Daniel, the film pushed the boundaries of virtual production, and Erick's production design had to work both digitally and practically, ensuring consistency across virtual environments and physical sets. James, with his expertise in virtual production, shares how they overcame technical challenges using real-time ray tracing to handle complex scenes. Each of them wore many hats on the project—including cowboy hats—since they were all actors in the short as well. The conversation explores how new tools like Project Arena allowed the team to streamline production, balancing innovation with practicality. They talk about how careful pre-production, from storyboarding to previewing assets, helped maintain visual fidelity while keeping the project within budget. By merging creativity with cutting-edge technology, Daniel, Erick, and James highlight how virtual production is reshaping filmmaking, particularly for projects requiring a blend of digital and physical workflows.

Jared Sandrew, a 3D supervisor at Disney and visual effects veteran, joins the podcast to discuss his career journey, from growing up around the pioneering technology of digital colorization to becoming a key figure in stereoscopic 3D conversion for blockbuster films. Jared shares fascinating stories about his time at Legend 3D, where he worked on major projects like Alice in Wonderland and Shrek, and how he helped build the stereo pipeline that revolutionized the industry. His passion for storytelling, visual effects, and the future of technology shines through as he reflects on how the field has evolved. The conversation also touches on cutting-edge developments in AI and machine learning, which Jared has been exploring as a way to enhance visual effects and stereoscopic workflows. He explains how new tools are making the process more efficient and consistent, while still allowing for creative input from filmmakers. Jared and Chris also discuss the future of virtual production and real-time rendering, including the impact of LED walls and new ways to streamline content creation for films and beyond.

Line producers Debbie Kennard and Ron Eli Cohen discuss their work on the short film Ray Tracing FTW and offer an insider's perspective on the art of film production. Debbie shares her story, from her beginnings as John Carpenter's PA on The Thing to becoming a trusted line producer in Hollywood, while Ron talks about transitioning from acting to producing, with credits like The Dark Knight Rises. Together, they break down the vital role of a line producer and provide insight into the world of budgeting, crew management, and creative problem-solving in the film industry. The episode also dives into the technology behind Ray Tracing FTW, exploring how the team utilized virtual production techniques, including LED walls and complex set construction, to craft a visually striking film on a tight budget. Debbie and Ron emphasize the significance of meticulous prep work, strong crew collaboration, and maintaining a balance between creativity and practicality. Through their experiences, listeners gain a better understanding of how a line producer navigates the challenges of modern filmmaking while keeping the vision of the story front and center.

In this episode, Richard Crudo, the cinematographer, and Esther Woodworth, the 1st Assistant Camera for the Ray Tracing FTW short film, share their journey working on the groundbreaking project. We take a deep dive into the dynamics of the camera crew, exploring how different departments like lighting and grip collaborate to bring a director's vision to life. Esther provides insight into her passion for cameras, and the duo sheds light on their roles and teamwork on set. Richard and Esther discuss their approach to shooting Ray Tracing FTW, detailing their experience working with LED volumes to seamlessly blend live-action with digital environments. They also talk about using the ARRI Alexa 35 paired with vintage Panavision lenses to create a classic 1970s film look while leveraging the flexibility and precision of modern technology. Throughout the conversation, they reflect on the balance of creativity and technical expertise and share their favorite moments from filming the short. This is a must-listen episode for anyone wanting to get a better idea of the right way to shoot ICVFX.

Matthias Christen, the main 3D artist from The Scope on Ray Tracing FTW, shares his fascinating journey from traditional analog painting to becoming an expert in 3D and virtual production. Starting with a passion for drawing, Matthias entered the advertising industry, where he honed his skills in Photoshop and Illustrator before transitioning into 3D work. He talks about his growth at The Scope, where he's been involved in creating cutting-edge car commercials and collaborating with top-tier photographers and filmmakers. Matthias also highlights the challenges and creative satisfaction of working on photorealistic environments that elevate product imagery. In this episode, Matthias dives into his role in creating the massive virtual set for Ray Tracing FTW, a short film produced by Chaos and Martini Giant. He worked closely with production designer Erick Schiele to build one expansive set, containing nearly 2 trillion triangles, that was used seamlessly from pre-production to post-production. Running in real-time with Project Arena, this incredible asset allowed for consistent lighting and textures throughout the entire project, pushing the boundaries of real-time rendering. Matthias reflects on the technical achievements and creative process behind creating lifelike visuals that brought the world of Ray Tracing FTW to life.

In this episode, Chris sits down with AJ Wedding, founder of Orbital Studios, to discuss how the Chaos Innovation Lab used his studio to film Ray Tracing FTW using Project Arena. AJ shares how his early fascination with virtual production, inspired by his work on The Mandalorian, led him to launch Orbital Studios during the pandemic. He explains the challenges of building a virtual production studio from scratch, perfecting LED panel technology, and saving productions like Snowfall significant time and money. AJ also explores the advancements in virtual production, discussing AI tools and their impact on giving filmmakers real-time creative control. He highlights the importance of educating producers and DPs on how to maximize this technology's potential. AJ's insights show how virtual production is transforming the film industry, making it more accessible to filmmakers of all levels.

It's been seven years since Ed Ulbrich last appeared on the CG Garage podcast — and a lot has changed. The man who digitally aged Brad Pitt for The Curious Case of Benjamin Button and resurrected late rapper 2Pac as an on-stage hologram is now chief content officer and president of production at metaphysic.ai, which is using AI tools to create photorealistic digital humans in real time for movies such as Robert Zemeckis' Here. Ed breaks down what Metaphysic.ai does, and how it can be used by directors to see live digital doubles while slashing production times and costs. In turn, Ed envisions AI tools turning Hollywood on its head and enabling filmmakers to be more creative on lower budgets. He also highlights some of the challenges of enticing new audiences into theaters and shares what he's working on next.  

Kevin Tod Haug has always been destined for a career in VFX. From a young age, he analyzed movies and TV series to work out how they were made. He joined the industry and saw it transform from electro-mechanical to digital via movies and TV series, including Tron and Star Trek: The Next Generation. He then became a full VFX supervisor on movies including Fight Club, The Cell, Panic Room, and Quantum of Solace, and pioneered creative VFX shots that allowed cameras to move through tiny spaces or make the unbelievable look real. As the industry shifts once more with AI and virtual production, Kevin talks about his career and how he's managed to catch successive waves of VFX technology from the 1970s to today, sharing how he used new technology to create convincing effects for low-budget Italian war movie Comandante. He shares amusing anecdotes from his career in VFX, from a literal fly in the ointment to an encounter with Prince, and he gives advice on how to stay ahead of the curve.

Ian Dawson's dream of a Jarvis-style computing interface seems to be coming true. This multi-talented CG veteran began his career in graphic design, before moving into producing and creating flying logos throughout the 90s. He then moved into advertising, and title sequences and VFX sequences for movies including the Iron Man trilogy, Star Wars: Rogue One, and Mission Impossible: Ghost Protocol, picking up work in AR and VR along the way. Ian talks through his career and the technology that has helped define it, from the obscenely expensive days of Quantel's PaintBox and Harry systems, to today's cheap and accessible VFX software and systems. He gives an interesting update on the state of AR and VR systems, which are undergoing a mini-resurgence thanks to Apple's Vision Pro and Microsoft's AI integration in its AR systems. Ian also shares advice about the industry, including the pros and cons of profit sharing.

Get ready to dive into the magical world of virtual production with the one and only Gary Marshall, Vice President of Virtual Production at Nant Studios. In this episode, Chris chats with Gary, a true wizard in the visual effects industry, who's been behind some of the most jaw-dropping movie moments you've ever seen. From running film reels around London as a newbie at the iconic Moving Picture Company to working on the epic Avatar and Gravity, Gary's journey is nothing short of legendary. He spills the beans on how he helped bring Hollywood's wildest dreams to life using mind-blowing tech like in-camera visual effects and LED walls that turn movie sets into living, breathing worlds. But the magic doesn't stop there. As the VP of Virtual Production at Nant Studios, Gary shares insider secrets on the next big thing in virtual production — modular, moveable LED volumes that can transform on the fly. And if you've ever wondered how these cinematic spells can save big bucks, Gary's got some surprising answers that might just change how you think about movie magic. Whether you're a film buff, a tech geek, or just someone who loves a good story, this episode is packed with excitement, innovation, and a glimpse into the future of filmmaking that you won't want to miss.

Alex and Tim Porter have the perfect skillset of a VFX power couple. Alex has a background in interior design, which she leveraged into user experience and virtual spaces. Tim, meanwhile, has worked in games and VFX, beginning as an artist but gravitating towards developing tools and scripts that make it easy to create complicated environments and characters. Together, Alex and Tim have established Mod Tech Labs, bringing together their expertise for a new generation of visual content creation. Their tools make it easy to work across platforms — from games to movies, and from LED walls to smartwatches — while maintaining high visual fidelity. Alex and Tim talk about what Mod Tech Labs is doing differently, how they're making use of cutting-edge tech such as USD and AI, and how their approach could reduce the huge costs of virtual production.  

Erick Giesler has seen the filmmaking industry change right from the very start. As a child, he acted in TV shows, but found that he was more fascinated with what was happening behind the camera. He learned how to create VFX, beginning on SGIs, then moving to software such as Electric Image, 3ds Max, and V-Ray, and helping to create VFX for movies including Independence Day, Titanic, and The Day After Tomorrow, and picking up two Emmy awards. Today, Erick is leveraging his experience behind the scenes with Global Objects, a company set up to create astonishingly accurate digital twins of real-world things for use in everything from real-time to machine learning. Erick discusses his career and how the VFX industry is still facing familiar challenges, and he gives his thoughts on promising new technology in VFX, including USD, MaterialX, NeRFs, Gaussian Splats, real-time rendering, and artificial intelligence.  

Todd Terrazas has been part of the AI revolution since the beginning. He started out developing a system to automatically triage 911 calls and then was part of the development team behind the first wave of AI-powered chatbots. Today, Todd has founded FRBC.ai, which empowers storytellers with AI tools. He's also the mastermind of the AI LA Community, which in turn hosts the AI on the Lot summit. Todd voices his expert opinion on AI and creativity, covering everything from what AI means for musicians, concept artists, and directors to how it can remove barriers from the filmmaking process and give new voices a space. He also reveals why we need to treat AI with caution and how to think about it. If you're interested in AI, this is a captivating listen.  

A love of computing, music, and cinema has propelled Jeff Kleiser's career from the earliest days of VFX on movies including Tron, Flight of the Navigator, Stargate, Judge Dredd, Surrogates, and many more. Along the way, he's helped the late, great Doug Trumbull create eye-popping film-based projects for Luxor hotels and Radio City's 3D Christmas movie. Jeff talks through his career, and how he's seen the industry evolve from optical printers and really slow computers to today's AI and CG tech, which are making it easier to create low-budget movies that look like blockbusters. He also talks about his fascinating upcoming movie with his brother, Grease director Randal Kleiser, which tells a remarkable true tale of heroic teenage girls in wartorn Amsterdam.

Chad Wanstreet and Chris Nichols have experienced similar career trajectories — but this is the first time they've sat down together. Like Chris, Chad transitioned from architecture to VFX, and his experience spans working at notable firms including Blur Studio and FuseFX. Along the way, Chad has contributed to projects that pushed the boundaries of visual effects, such as The Sympathizer, SWAT, The Tick, and the short-lived but brilliant Kill the Orange-Faced Bear. Chad discusses the challenges and innovations brought by technological advancements, such as virtual production and real-time ray tracing, and highlights the importance of understanding these tools. Additionally, Chad shares personal anecdotes about the highs and lows of his career, including the struggles during the economic downturn of 2008 and the unexpected opportunities that led him to his current role.

Nikola Todorovic always wanted to make films, but encountered a familiar problem: the sci-fi screenplays he wrote would require $200 million budgets. Aiming to reduce this cost, Nikola co-founded Wonder Dynamics with Ready Player One actor Tye Sheridan to develop Wonder Studio, a platform that simplifies the time-consuming tasks involved in adding CG characters to live-action plates. Nikola breaks down the creation of Wonder Studio, how it ingests and analyses scenes to allow for easy export to software, including Unreal and Maya, and how it generates 3D characters. He also talks through the process of setting up Wonder Dynamics, from its beginnings as a startup company to its acquisition by Autodesk — and what this means for its user base.

Andy Fowler's career has combined his creative eye with his incredible production skills. Beginning in London's burgeoning VFX scene with titles such as Lost in Space, 300, and The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian, Andy picked up an Emmy for his work on The Life and Death of Peter Sellers. Then he moved to LA to work on Tron: Legacy, Noah, and The Revenant, before moving to Netflix and becoming Vice President of Production Innovation, overseeing an astounding 10,000 shots per year. In this podcast, Andy reflects on his career and how it's evolved alongside the technology that makes VFX shots happen. He talks about live-action at Disney, making convincing digital humans for Scorsese's The Irishman, and how virtual production emerged from the pandemic. Andy also gives his thoughts on AI and how it's going to affect production.

Over a 40-year career, Joel Hynek has helped bring some incredible VFX to life, beginning with optical effects for Xanadu, then making the Predator a terrifying opponent for Arnie, and moving onto a range of movies, including xXx, Judge Dredd, Stealth, plus blockbusters from India and China. He picked up a sci-tech Oscar for the design and development of an optical printer, and a VFX Oscar for his quietly revolutionary work on What Dreams May Come. Joel shares incredible stories from the world of VFX, including how he developed the Predator's invisibility cloak and night vision, the scrapes and near-misses he got into while filming Stealth, and reveals some interesting trivia about The Matrix and The Bourne Identity. He also talks about working with industry luminaries including Doug Trumbull, Rob Cohen, Doug Liman, and reveals his impressive lineage.

Kathryn Brillhart has always been ahead of her time. As a teen, she assisted her father in shooting documentaries; then she combined her sharp eye as a cinematographer with her passion for VFX to become a virtual production and volume capture expert. Projects she's worked on include Las Vegas' ginormous MSG Sphere, pioneering virtual production short “Ripple Effect,” and the movie Black Adam. Most recently, Kathryn has helped create the stunning, desolate world of the Fallout TV series. Kathryn shares her unique perspective on the way digital technology has transformed the industry, from her early days shooting on celluloid to DV tapes, as well as the rapid evolution of virtual production technology and how it was fuelled by restrictions created by the pandemic. She also gives her thoughts on artificial intelligence and its potential to democratize the industry by making advanced tools accessible to indie filmmakers.

Liz Hitt has worked across VFX departments on some very cool movies — and she's not stopping there. Beginning at the legendary Dream Quest Images on Deep Rising and Mighty Joe Young, Liz built a name for herself as a talented production coordinator and producer via movies including Hollow Man, Spider-Man, Stealth (with Chris), The Golden Compass, Wonder Woman, and Spider-Man: Homecoming. In this podcast, Liz reflects on her career, the roles she's taken and the crews she's worked with, sharing how she manages people. She shares a rough guide to the “small-but-global” VFX industry, revealing how new technologies often present more challenges, and giving her thoughts on the effects of the pandemic on both the way we work and the films and series we make.

While most five-year-olds were playing with Legos and Barbies, Junaid Baig was taking his first steps with 3D Max. From this early start, Junaid developed an incredibly in-depth understanding of 3D, lighting, and rendering from working on VFX for movies, including Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, Avengers: Endgame, and Venom. Today, Junaid is head of applied technology at DNEG, where he's helping pioneer virtual production on films and series including Masters of the Air. Junaid combines his knowledge and passion for technology with deep respect for artists, and he reveals how virtual production — and Chaos' Project Arena — are changing the way crew and cast can work together to create new worlds for audiences to enjoy.

Dan Ring is an expert in empowering VFX artists with cutting-edge research. He began his 20-year career by creating tech to analyze surgery videos (so that no one else would have to), then moved to Foundry to develop CopyCat, the Nuke machine-learning tool that applies corrections to sequences based on a small number of frames. Now, Dan has joined Chaos to help implement machine learning in its visualization products. In this conversation with Chris, Dan covers just about every aspect of modern CG, including generative AI, Gaussian Splats and NeRFs, the surprising VFX roles that AI might not replace, and the steps Chaos is taking to ensure users have access to helpful but unintrusive tools that are ethically sound.

Phil Galler is a true virtual production guru. From the nuts and bolts of LED screens to the 3D software that provides the imagery to the business decisions and financial trends that help fund this new wave of VFX filmmaking, Phil understands it all. In this podcast, Phil talks about his history in virtual production, beginning with the innovative projections used to make Oblivion's sets come to life and continually evolving the tech via Tomorrowland, House of Cards, Solo: A Star Wars Story, The Mandalorian, and Bullet Train. Never one to sit still, Phil is leveraging his knowledge of real-time solutions and content to help define the next generation of storytellers. Phil's holistic understanding of digital entertainment makes this podcast a must-listen.

Chris MacLean's incredible career in VFX has transported him from documentaries on Cretaceous dinosaurs to the far-flung future for Foundation, Apple TV+'s bold adaptation of Isaac Asimov's genre-defining sci-fi novels. Along the way, Chris has created and supervised VFX for movies and TV series, including Crimson Peak, Godless, American Gods, Resident Evil, and many more. Having worked his way up from artist to second-unit director, Chris has a unique perspective on filmmaking and how the crew comes together. Chris also talks about making Foundation, including how they found the series' extraterrestrial locations here on Earth, avoided blue screens, and even digitally simulated the vintage lenses used on the physical shoot. Chris also shares his informed perspectives on new technology, including Gaussian Splatting, in-camera VFX, and AI.

Hugo Guerra is the dictionary definition of multitasking. Having taken his eye for compositing into directing short films and commercials, and supervising VFX, Hugo fills his spare time with producing content for his successful YouTube channel and recording the VFX Notes podcast with Ian Failes. If that's not enough, he's also produced a cookbook with his wife. Hugo talks about his early career in Portugal and how he took his love for movies into short films, and then compositing and directing. He also tells you why you need to go on-set, talks about the benefits of teaching, gives his thoughts on AI and “invisible” CGI, and reveals the inner workings of YouTube.  

As Chris is tied up with a really cool Chaos project, we're revisiting some of the older episodes of the CG Garage podcast. And we're starting big with true luminaries of Hollywood revealing how they got their projects off the ground. First up is Doug Trumbull, the 2001: A Space Odyssey VFX genius who went on to direct Silent Running and continually innovated Hollywood motion picture technology. Recorded shortly before his death in 2022, Doug talks about getting Brainstorm made and gives a prescient perspective on home theater. We follow with a seminal live show that celebrated the podcast's 100th episode with a pair of VFX experts turned blockbuster directors: Joe Kosinski and Tim Miller. Recorded at Gnomon School, Joe talks about how he leveled up Tron: Legacy and brought Oblivion's stunning visuals to life, while Tim talks Deadpool and reveals some of the interesting choices that led to the beloved but very R-rated superhero movie.

With V-Ray 6 for Maya and Houdini, update 2, Chaos adds an important feature to its powerful renderer: MaterialX support. With this addition, artists and studios can seamlessly use materials across different DCCs and get identical results, removing many of the pain points of increasingly complicated modern 3D pipelines. In this podcast, V-Ray for Maya Product Manager Alex Yolov and V-Ray for Houdini Product Manager Gosho Genchev reveal how they've worked with studios to implement MaterialX in the latest software updates. They also tackle some frequently asked questions about MaterialX, such as how it works and whether it can be used with existing projects, and they reveal some of the additional features that have recently been added to V-Ray.  

Over his 30-year career, Julian Levi has produced VFX for Hollywood movies, beginning with Braveheart, moving into O Brother, Where Art Thou?, The Day After Tomorrow (with Chris), Speed Racer, X-Men: First Class, Prometheus, and many more. Most recently, he helped director Gareth Edwards bring the world of The Creator to life, earning four VES awards and a VFX Oscar nomination in the process. Julian talks about how The Creator marks a return to the guerilla-style sci-fi Gareth pioneered with his debut, Monsters, utilizing cheaper cameras and preferring real-world locales over sets. Julian reveals how Gareth's background as a VFX artist also means that he understands where corners can be cut while delivering awe-inspiring shots, and he shares his thoughts on how the industry is changing. 

Archviz artists love Chaos Corona. This renderer has become a go-to for visualizing everything from compact kitchens to sky-scraping towers, giving users stunning results straight out of the box. But what's on the horizon for this popular renderer? In this podcast, Product Manager Tom Grimes discusses what makes Chaos Corona a popular choice for the architecture industry and how its philosophy differs from other renderers such as V-Ray. He also talks about the software's future and plans to make it an integral part of the Chaos ecosphere, as well as how it's getting real-time functionality via Chaos Vantage.  

Tram Le-Jones has an eye for detail, a people-centric personality, and a passion for computer science — making her perfect for VFX production roles. After getting a job on The Matrix Revolutions via craigslist (no, really), she became a sought-after coordinator and then moved into producing VFX for movies including Spider-Man 3, Tower Heist, and Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close, as well as commercials, moving from west to east coast and back again along the way. Having served on the front line of VFX, Tram has taken her expertise into project management software for media and entertainment, starting with Autodesk's Shotgrid and moving to Backlight's ftrack. Tram talks through her fascinating career, from lugging huge CRTs around Digital Domain's office, to working with Spike Jonze on his short film “I'm Here,” to the challenges of integrating cutting-edge virtual production technology into traditional VFX pipelines.  

VFX visualization might just be the closest you can get to being a film director without stepping behind the camera. This technology has become a key part of the VFX process, with previz storyboarding growing into pitchviz (to get movies greenlit), techviz (to figure out logistics), and postviz (to create temporary VFX). It's an area Casey Pyke has become an expert in via his role at Halon Entertainment, which has helped visualize movies including The Batman, Pinnochio, Argylle, and John Wick: Chapter 4. Casey breaks down how the technology required for visualization differs from that for VFX — speed is of the essence, but looking good is increasingly important. He also talks about how his background as an amateur filmmaker helped him understand what directors want and the satisfaction of recognising his work on the big screen. Casey concludes with his experiences using LED walls and AI tools in visualization pipelines.  

Richard Crudo began his career in New York City, learning from some of the best in the business, including László Kovács and Gordon Willis, and helping shoot movies such as Ghostbusters 2, Raising Arizona, and Broadway Danny Rose. He then served as cinematographer on movies including American Pie, Out Cold, and Brooklyn Rules, as well as television series such as FX Network's Justified, The CW's Jane the Virgin, and CBS's SWAT.  In this podcast, Richard discusses the transition of motion pictures from film to digital, and the concurrent rise of new visual effects techniques. He also talks about being president of the American Society of Cinematographers, the popularity of dark shots in Netflix TV series, and the rise of artificial intelligence and the democratization of movie making. It's an enlightening and entertaining discussion, and it's great to get another perspective on the filmmaking process.  

Could Paolo Berto Durante really be Chris, but from another dimension? These outspoken CG enthusiasts have a lot in common: an extensive knowledge of 3D software and render engines stretching back decades, a history in VFX and teaching CG, and strong opinions on the current state of the industry. Paolo talks about his roles in the research and development of 3D software, starting from Alias|wavefront, to mental images. to Jupiter Jazz, up to his current role at J Cube, their team has developed CG tools for artists such as Multiverse USD, Maneki, and the futuristic WeRender generative service. Paolo also reveals some interesting thoughts on AI and creativity, and discusses how he comes up with new creative and business ideas.

Robert Moggach has experienced the full arc of the VFX artist career, from being treated like a rockstar in the early days of CG to working on personal, small-scale indie projects today. Along the way, he's racked up credits on movies including Harry Potter, I, Robot, and Stealth, created ads for the world's biggest brands, bagged a VES award for the Halo ODST trailer, and helped make music videos for the likes of Moby, Muse, Garbage, and Tori Amos. Rob and Chris discuss the dynamics of cloud versus local workflows, the nuances of small-scale creative projects such as the short film Go For Grandma, and the logistical challenges of collaboration across time zones. The conversation culminates in speculation about AI's potential to catalyze new creative forms in Hollywood and beyond.

In this podcast, Vikkal breaks down his career so far, from his beginnings in architecture and on MTV series Room Raiders, to founding Ataboy Studios and making use of the latest VFX and motion graphics technology to create eye-catching ads in a variety of formats. Vikkal and Chris also discuss their common ground in architecture and talk about how Apple could potentially revive VR and the metaverse with its Vision Pro VR headset.

Ben Hansford has his finger on the pulse of filmmaking — the prognosis is excellent. Beginning his career in VFX, Ben moved into directing short films and commercials for the likes of Old Spice, Starfield0, Call of Duty, Nike, and many more. He also teaches AI at the University of Southern California (USC), giving him unfettered access to the minds of a new generation of filmmakers. Ben shares his thoughts on how converging pipelines and creative innovations like AI will create a new kind of filmmaking, in the same way that lightweight cameras enabled the French New Wave and, in turn, New Hollywood. He also talks about the legal and quality issues that surround AI technology, and he finishes with an upbeat vision for the future of filmmaking and telling stories.