Podcasts about radiographics

Dr. Jennifer Weaver speaks with Dr. Yasha Gupta about the origins, structure, and impact of the RSNA Medical Student Task Force. They discuss the task force's initiatives, including scholarships, mentorship, and outreach programs, to engage and support medical students interested in radiology. RSNA Medical Student Task Force:A Success Story in MedicalStudent Initiatives. Anderson and Chang et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(7):e240253.  RSNA Volunteer Opportunities Directory 

Content Warning: This episode contains depictions of domestic violence, listener discretion is advised. Join hosts Dr. Jennifer Weaver and Dr. Jonathan Revels speak with Dr. Jamie Elifritz about the evolving role of postmortem CT in forensic medicine. Dr. Elifritz shares her experience in forensic imaging and highlights how postmortem CT can enhance death investigations, support legal processes, and improve public health insights. Postmortem CT: Applications in Clinical andForensic Medicine. Solomon et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(6):e240192.

Should we really restore primary molars without local anaesthetic or injections? When should we start taking radiographs for child patients? Is it time to say goodbye to traditional anterior strip crowns and embrace preformed zirconia crowns? And seriously - how do you get a wiggly, fidgety child to sit still long enough for a solid restoration?! The secret lies in choosing a technique that's both quick and effective! In this episode, Dr. Tim Keys unpacks the real challenges of restoring primary teeth, breaking down the pros and cons of popular approaches like the Hall Crown technique, Pediatric Zirconia crowns, and conventional stainless steel crowns (SSCs). Tune in for practical insights to make pediatric crown work less stressful and more successful - helping you find the best fit for your little patients. https://youtu.be/VJm4TFKLXEA Dr. Keys is also involved in dental education and offers courses through his platform, Kids Dental Tips. One of his upcoming courses is titled "Restorative Paediatric Dentistry," a two-day event scheduled to be held in Brisbane. Protrusive Dental Pearl: One of our best ever Protrusive Infographics! This week's Pearl is a handy downloadable PDF infographic summarising the key points from this episode on Children's Crowns Techniques. Grab your copy here! Need to Read it? Check out the Full Episode Transcript below! Key Takeaways: The Hall crown technique is a non-invasive approach to treating pediatric teeth. Radiographs are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in children. Case selection is crucial for the success of pediatric dental treatments. Zirconia crowns have superior aesthetics over stainless steel crowns. The success rate of intra-coronal fillings in primary molars is lower compared to crowns. Zirconia crowns rarely fracture compared to strip crowns. Mild supra-occlusion is acceptable in pediatric dentistry. Hands-on experience is crucial for mastering crown techniques. Highlights of this episode: 00:00 Introduction 01:32 The Protrusive Dental Pearl 04:19 Dr. Tim Keys 06:26 Work-life balance & parenting 12:05 Hall crowns Vs Zirconia crowns 13:12 Pediatric crowns and caries management 15:40 Failure rates and clinical implications 17:51 Stainless steel crowns: conventional vs Hall technique 21:03 Case selection and radiographs 25:31 Radiographic criteria 27:04 The Hall Technique 29:59 Technique tips 38:00 Zirconia crowns vs strip crowns 46:55 Education, resources, and further learning 51:02 Outro Key Article mentioned in this episode: Effectiveness, Costs and Patient Acceptance of a Conventional and a Biological Treatment Approach for Carious Primary Teeth in Children | Caries Research | Karger Publishers #PDPMainEpisodes #BreadandButterDentistry If you enjoyed this episode, you should check out PDP159 - How to Manage Children in Dental Pain. This episode is eligible for 1 CE credit via the quiz on Protrusive Guidance. This episode meets GDC Outcomes A and C. AGD Subject Code: 430 Pediatric Dentistry. In this episode, Jaz and Dr. Tim Keys explore practical approaches to restoring pediatric teeth, focusing on the selection, preparation, and placement of direct restorations. They discuss material choices, clinical tips, and how to tailor techniques to improve outcomes and cooperation in young patients. Dentists will be able to: Understand the clinical indications and benefits of various crown techniques used in the restoration of pediatric teeth Recognise the importance of selecting appropriate cementation materials and techniques for different types of direct restorations in children Appreciate the key clinical considerations involved in the preparation and placement of a range of direct restorative techniques in pediatric dentistry https://media.blubrry.com/protrusive/content.blubrry.com/protrusive/PDP227.mp3

Recently, sophisticated myelographic techniques to precisely subtype and localize CSF leaks have been developed and refined. These techniques improve the detection of various types of CSF leaks thereby enabling targeted therapies. In this episode, Katie Grouse, MD, FAAN, speaks with Ajay A. Madhavan, MD, author of the article “Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension” in the Continuum® June 2025 Disorders of CSF Dynamics issue. Dr. Grouse is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a clinical assistant professor at the University of California San Francisco in San Francisco, California. Dr. Madhavan is assistant professor of radiology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Additional Resources Read the article: Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones:  This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast. Dr Grouse:  This is Dr Katie Grouse. Today I'm interviewing Dr Ajay Madhavan about his article on Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension, which he wrote with Dr Levi Chazen. This article appears in the June 2025 Continuum issue on disorders of CSF dynamics. Welcome to the podcast, and please introduce yourself to our audience. Dr Madhavan:  Hi, thanks a lot, Katie. Yeah, so I'm Ajay Madhaven. I'm a neuroradiologist at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. I did all my training here, so, I've been here for a long time. And I have a lot of interest in spinal CSF leaks, and I do a lot of that work. And so I'm really excited to be talking about this article with you. Dr Grouse:  I'm really excited too. And in fact, it's such a pleasure to have you here talking today on this topic. I know a lot's changed in this field, and I'm sure many of our listeners are really interested in learning about the developments and imaging techniques to improve detection and treatment of CSF leaks, especially since maybe we've learned about this in training. I want to start by asking you what you think is the most important takeaway from your article. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, that's a great question. I think---and you kind of already alluded to it---I think the main thing is, I hope people recognize that this field has really changed a lot in the last five to ten years, through a lot of multi-institutional collaboration and also collaboration between different specialties. We've learned a lot about different types of spinal CSF leaks, how we can recognize the disease, particularly the types of myelography that we need to be using to accurately localize and treat these leaks. Those are the things that have really evolved in the last five to ten years, and they've really helped us improve these patients' lives. Dr Grouse:  Can you remind us of the different common types of spinal leaks that can cause spontaneous intracranial hypotension? Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, so there are a number of different spinal CSF leaks, types, and I would say the three most common ones that really most people should try to be aware of and cognizant of are: first, ventral dural tears. So those are, like, just physical holes in the dura. And they're usually caused by little bone spurs that come from the vertebral columns. So, they're often patients who have some degenerative changes in their spine. And those are really very common. Another type of spinal CSF leak that we commonly see is a lateral dural tear. So that's like the same thing in a slightly different location. So instead of being in the front, it's off to the side of the dura laterally. And so, it's also just a hole in the dura. And then the third and most recently discovered type of spinal CSF leak is a CSF-venous fistula. So those are direct connections between the subarachnoid space and little paraspinal vein. And it took us a long time to even realize that this was a real pathology. But now that it's been recognized, we've found that this is actually quite common. So those three types of leaks are probably the three most common that we see. And there's certainly others out there, but I would say over 90% of them fall into one of those three categories. Dr Grouse:  That's a great review, thank you. Just as another quick review, as we talk more about this topic, can you remind us of some of the most common or typical brain imaging findings that you'll see in cases of spontaneous intracranial hypotension? Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, absolutely. So, when you do a brain MRI in a patient who has spontaneous intracranial hypotension, you will usually, though not always, see typical brain MRI abnormalities. And I kind of think of those as falling into three different categories. So, the first one I think of is dural enhancement or thickening. So that's enlargement or engorgement of the dura, the pachymeninges, and enhancement on postgadolinium imaging. So, that's kind of the first category. The second is that, when you lose spinal fluid volume, other things often expand to take up the space. So, for example, you can get distension or enlargement of the dural venous sinuses, and sometimes you can also get subdural food collections or hematomas. They can arise spontaneously. And I kind of think of those as, you know, you, you've lost the cerebrospinal fluid volume and something else is kind of filling up the space. And then the third category is called brain sagging. And that's a constellation of findings where the posterior fossa structures and the pituitary gland in the cell have become abnormal because you've lost the fluid that normally cushions those structures and causes them to float up. For example, the brain stem will sag down, the distance between the mammillary body and the ponds may become reduced. The suprasellar cistern space may be reduced such that the optic chiasm becomes very close to the pituitary gland, and the prepontine cistern may also become reduced in size. And there are various measurements that can be used to determine whether something is subtly abnormal. But just generally speaking, those are really the three categories of brain MRI abnormalities you'll see. Dr Grouse:  That was a great review. And of course, I think in many times when we are thinking about or suspecting this diagnosis, we may be lucky to find those imaging findings to reinforce a diagnosis. Because as it turns out, after reading your article, I was really surprised to find out that in as many as 19% of cases we actually see normal brain imaging, which really was a surprise to me, I have to say. And I think that this really encompasses why spontaneous intercranial hypotension is such a difficult diagnosis to make. I think a lot of us struggle with how far to take the workup when, you know, spontaneous intercranial hypotension is clinically suspected, but multiple imaging studies are normal. Do you have any guidance on how to approach these more difficult cases? Dr Madhavan:  So, that's a really good question. And you know, it's- as you can imagine, that's a topic that comes up in most meetings where people discuss this, and it's been a continued challenge. And so, like you said, about 19 or 20% of patients who have this disease can have a, a normal brain MRI. And we've tried to do some work to figure out why that is and how we can identify patients who still have the disease. And I can just provide, I guess, some tips that have helped me in my clinical practice. One thing is, if I ever see a patient with a normal brain MRI where this disease is clinically suspected---for example, maybe they have orthostatic headaches or other very typical symptoms and we don't know why, but their brain MRI is normal---the first thing I do is I try to look back at their old imaging. So many times, these patients who present to us at Mayo, who, when we do their MRI scan here, their brain MRI looks normal… if you really look back at imaging that they've had done elsewhere---maybe even two to three years prior---at the time their symptoms started, they actually had some abnormalities. So, I might see that a patient, two years ago, had dural enhancement that spontaneously resolved; but now they still have symptoms of SIH and they may still have a CSF leak that we can find and treat, but their brain MRI has, for whatever reason, normalized. So, I always start by looking back at old imaging, and I found that to be very helpful. The other thing is, if you see a patient with a normal brain MRI, it's also important to look at their spine MRI because that can provide clues that might suggest that they could still have a spinal CSF leak. And the two things I look for on the spine MRI: one, if there's any extradural CSF. So, spinal fluid outside of where it's supposed to be within the confines of the subarachnoid space. And you know, really, if you see extradural CSF, you know they probably have a spinal fluid leak somewhere. Even if their brain MRI is normal, that just gives you the information that there is a dural tear probably somewhere. And so, in those patients we'll definitely still proceed to myelography or other testing, even if they have a normal brain MRI. And then the last thing I look for is whether or not they have prominent meningeal diverticula. Patients with CSF venous fistulas almost always have one or more prominent diverticula on their spine along the nerve root sleeves. And that's probably because most of these fistulas come from nerve root sleeve diverticula. We don't completely understand the pathogenesis of CSF venous fistulas, but they're clearly associated with meningeal diverticula. So, if I see a patient who has a normal brain MRI, but I see on their spine MRI that they have many meningeal diverticula that are relatively prominent, that makes me more inclined to be a little bit more aggressive in doing myelography to find a CSF leak. And then I look at other demographic features, too. So, for example, elevated BMI and older age are associated with CSF venous fistulas. So, that can help you determine whether or not it's warranted to go on to more advanced imaging, too. So those are all just a variety of different things that we've used to help us. Dr Grouse:  Thank you for sharing that. I wanted to go on to say that, you know, reading your article, of course, as you mentioned, you alluded to the fact there's lots of new imaging modalities out there. It was very illuminating and just an excellent resource for the options that exist and when they're useful. You did a great job summarizing it. And I encourage our readers to check out your article, to refresh themselves, update themselves on what's happened in this space. And of course, we can't summarize them all today, but I was wondering if you could possibly walk us through a hypothetical case of a patient who comes in with a history very suspicious for SIH? How would you approach this patient? Say you have gotten imaging that suggested that there is a spinal fluid leak and now you have to figure out where it is. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah. So, you know, I think the most typical scenario it'll be a patient who has been seen by one of my excellent neurology colleagues and they've done a brain MRI and they've made the diagnosis through a combination of clinical information and brain MRI finding. And then the next thing we'll do always is, we'll obtain a spine MRI. So, I think of the purpose of the spine MRI as to determine what type of spinal fluid leak they have. On the spine MRI, if you see extradural CSF, those patients essentially always will have a dural tear. And it may be a ventral dural tear or a lateral dural tear. But if you see extradural CSF, that is pretty much what they have. And conversely, if you don't see extradural CSF---if you just see, for example, many meningeal diverticula, but you don't see anything else particularly abnormal---most of those patients have a CSF venous fistula, just common things being common. So I use the spine MRI to determine what type of leak they have. And then the next thing I think about is, okay, I'm going to do a myelogram on this patient. How do I want to position them? Because it turns out that positioning is probably the most important factor for finding these spinal fluid leaks. You have to have the patient positioned correctly to find the leak that you're trying to localize. And so, if I suspect they have a ventral dural tear, I will always position those patients prone for their myelogram. And I might do one of many different types of myelograms. And, you know, the article talks about things like digital subtraction myelography and dynamic CT myelography. And you can find any of these leaks with any of those techniques, but you just have to have the patient positioned correctly. So, if I think I have a ventral dural tear, I'll put them prone for the myelogram. If I think they have a lateral dural tear, I'll put them in the cubitus position for the myelogram. And also, if they- if I think they have a CSF-venous fistula, I'll also put them in the decubitus position. Obviously if you're putting them in the decubitus position, you have to decide whether it's going to be left or right side down. So that may require a two-day exam. Sometimes you don't have to; in many cases, we're able to just do everything in one day. But those are all the different factors I think about when I'm trying to determine how I'm going to work those patients up further. So, I really use the spine MRI chiefly to think about what type of leak they're going to have and how I'm going to plan the myelogram. Dr Grouse:  That's really great. And it's, I think, really nice to emphasize how much the positioning matters in all this, which I think is not something we've been classically taught as far as the diagnosis of spinal leaks. Another thing I'm really interested in your opinion on is, you talked a lot about how to optimize and what can make you successful at diagnosis. I'm curious what you think one of the easiest mistakes to make or, you know, that we should hopefully avoid when treating patients with this disease. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah. And I think, you know, one other thing that's been discussed a lot in this topic… you know, we've talked about the patients with a normal brain MRI. Another barrier or challenge particularly with CSF-venous fistulas is, sometimes they can be very subtle on imaging. So, it's not always you see it very definitive CSF-venous fistula where you can say, like, there's no question, that's a fistula. There are many times where we do a good-quality myelogram and we see something that looks, like, possible for a CSF venous fistula, or probable. If I had to put a number on it, maybe there's a 50 to 70% chance of real. So, in those cases, we end up wondering, like, should we treat this suspected leak? And I think one common mistake  or one thing that needs to be looked at further is, how do we handle these patients where we don't know whether the fistula is real or not? That's usually something where I will have a discussion with the patient, and I'm usually just very upfront with him about my interpretation of the imaging. I'll just tell them, we did a good-quality myelogram. You did a great job. We got good images. I don't see anything definitive, but I see this thing that I think has maybe a 60% chance of being real. And then I'll confer with one of my neurology colleagues and we'll decide whether it's worth treating that or not. And we'll just be very upfront with a patient about whether- about the likelihood of its success and what their long-term prognosis is. And oftentimes we let them make the decision. But I think that remains to be one of the big challenges is, how do we treat these patients who have suspected leaks that are not definitive on imaging. Dr Grouse:  That sounds absolutely like an important area where there can be problems, so I appreciate that insight. I'm interested what you think in your article would come as the biggest surprise to our listeners who may not have kept up as much with all of the changes that have happened in recent years? Dr Madhavan:  One of the things that was certainly, at least, a surprise to me as I was going through my training and learning about this topic is how diverse myelography has really become. You know, when I was a radiology resident, I learned about myelography as this thing that we've been doing for 30 to 40 years. And historically we've used myelograms just to look for degenerative changes: disc bulges, you know, disc herniations and things like that. Now that MRI is more prevalent, we don't use it as much, but it has turned out that it has a very big role in patients with spinal fluid leaks. Furthermore, something that I've learned is just how diverse these different types of myelograms have become. It used to kind of be just that a myelogram is a myelogram is a myelogram, but now we have different types of positioning, different types of equipment that we use. We vary the timing between contrast injection and imaging to optimize success for finding spinal fluid leaks. So, I think many times I talk to people who may not be as familiar with this field and they're surprised at just how diverse that has become and how sophisticated some of the various myelographic techniques have become and how much that really makes a difference in being able to accurately diagnose these patients. Dr Grouse:  Well, I can say it was a surprise to me. Even as someone who does treat quite a few patients with this condition, I was surprised to see the breadth of different options that have become available. And then kind of a follow-up to that, what do you think the current area of controversy is in this area of diagnosis and treatment? Dr Madhavan:  The biggest ones are ones you've sort of already alluded to. So, one big one is, how far do we go in patients who have a normal brain MRI who still have a clinical suspicion of the disease? And sometimes it's really hard, because sometimes you will find patients who clinically have a very strong case for having spontaneous intracranial hypotension. You look at them, they have very acute-onset orthostatic headaches. There's no better explanation for their symptoms that we know of. And it's hard to know what to do with those patients, because some of them want to continue to undergo diagnostic workup, but you can only do so many myelograms and you can only do so much with this diagnostic workup that requires some radiation dose before it becomes very challenging. That's a major point of just, I guess, ongoing research as to what can we do better for that subset of patients. Fortunately, it's not all of them, it's a subset of them, but I think we could help those patients better in the future as we learn more about the disease. So that's one. And the other one is treating these equivocal findings, like I discussed.  And where should our threshold be to treat a patient, and what type of treatment should we do in patients where we don't know whether a leak is real? Should we just do a very noninvasive- relatively noninvasive blood patch? Do we do an embolization where we're leaving a foreign body there? Is it worth sending those patients to surgery? Those are all unanswered questions and things that continue to spark ongoing debate. Dr Grouse:  Do you think that there's going to be any new big breakthroughs, or even, do you know of any big developments on the horizon that we should be keeping our eyes out for? Dr Madhavan:  You know, I think for me the biggest thing is, imaging is dramatically improving. We talked a little bit about photon counting detector CT in our article, and that's one of the newest and best techniques for imaging these patients because it has very, very high resolution, it has a lower radiation dose, it has allowed us to find leaks that we were not able to find before. And there are other high-resolution modalities that are emerging and becoming more accessible to things like cone beam CT which we do in addition to digital subtraction myelography. And on top of that, we've started to use AI-based tools to make images look a lot better. So, there are various AI algorithms that have come out that allow us to remove artifacts from imaging. They help us image patients with a bigger body habitus better without running into a lot of imaging artifacts. They help us reduce noise in imaging. They can just give us better-quality images and aid us in the diagnosis. For me as a radiologist, those are some of the most exciting things. We're finding less invasive ways with less radiation to better diagnose these patients with just better-quality imaging. Dr Grouse:  Well, that is definitely something to be excited about. So, I just want to thank you so much for talking with us today. It's been such an interesting, informative discussion and a real privilege to talk with you about this important topic. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, thanks so much. I really appreciate the time to talk with you, and I look forward to seeing the article out there and hopefully getting some interesting questions. Dr Grouse:  Again, today I've been interviewing Dr Ajay Madhavan about his article on Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension, which he wrote with Dr Levi Chasen. This article appears in the most recent issue of Continuum on disorders of CSF dynamics. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues, and thank you to our listeners for joining today. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

In this episode, Dr. Marcela Lauar and Dr. Gabriela Merigue walk through the fundamentals of breast ultrasound, highlighting key techniques, clinical indications, and special patient considerations. They also share practical tips for optimizing image quality and interpreting findings based on BI-RADS guidelines. Breast US: Guide for Beginners. Lauar et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(1):e240161.

Join host Dr. Katie Epstein explores the RadioGaphics article Anatomic Approach to Fetal Hydrocephalus by Griffith et al. Dr. Epstein breaks down how a stepwise, anatomy-based imaging approach can improve diagnosis, guide prenatal counseling, and shape the management of ventriculomegaly. Anatomic Approach to Fetal Hydrocephalus. Griffith et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(2):e240071

Join host Dr. Lily Wang as she explores a practical approach to diagnosing orbital lesions based on anatomical compartments. This episode breaks down complex orbital anatomy into clear, actionable insights for radiologists at all levels.  Practical Approach to Orbital Lesions byAnatomic Compartments. Naves et al. RadioGraphics 2024;44(10):e240026. 

Which imaging techniques should you prioritize for TMD patients? Does a panoramic radiograph hold any value?  When should you consider taking a CBCT of the joints instead? How about an MRI scan for the TMJ? Dr. Dania Tamimi joins Jaz for the first AES 2026 Takeover episode, diving deep into the complexities of TMD diagnosis and TMJ Imaging. They break down the key imaging techniques, how to use them effectively, and the importance of accurate reports in patient care. They also discuss key strategies for making sense of MRIs and CBCTs, highlighting how the quality of reports can significantly impact patient care and diagnosis. Understanding these concepts early can make all the difference in effectively managing TMD cases. https://youtu.be/NBCdqhs5oNY Watch PDP223 on Youtube Protrusive Dental Pearl: Don't lose touch with the magic of in-person learning — balance online education with attending live conferences to connect with peers, meet mentors, and experience the true essence of dentistry! Join us in Chicago AES 2026 where Jaz and Mahmoud will also be speaking among superstars such as Jeff Rouse and Lukasz Lassmann! Need to Read it? Check out the Full Episode Transcript below! Key Takeaways: Imaging should follow clinical diagnosis → not replace it. Every imaging modality answers different questions; choose wisely. TMJ disorders affect more than the jaw → they influence face, airway, growth, posture. Think beyond replacing teeth → treatment should serve function, not just fill space. Avoid “satisfaction of search error” → finding one problem shouldn't stop broader evaluation. Highlights of this episode: 02:52  Protrusive Dental Pearl 06:01 Meet Dr. Dania Tamimi 09:04 Understanding TMJ Imaging 16:00 TMJ Soft Tissue Anatomy  21:04 The Miracle Joint: TMJ Self-Repair 24:26 The Role of Imaging in TMJ Diagnosis 28:15 Acquiring Panoramic Images 39:35 Guidelines for Using Different Imaging Techniques 41:26 Case Study: Misdiagnosis and Its Consequences 45:46 Balancing Clinical Diagnosis and Imaging 50:17 Role of Imaging in Orthodontics 53:18 The Importance of Accurate MRI Reporting 58:27 Final Thoughts on Imaging and Diagnosis 01:00:54 Upcoming Events and Learning Opportunities

Disclaimer:   The views and opinions expressed during this podcast are those of the individuals participating and do not necessarily represent the official position or opinion of the SOGC.  Summary: Join guest host Lindsay Wolfson, a women's health researcher and patient advocate, as she speaks with Dr. Mathew Leonardi and Dr. Basma Al-Arnawoot about the essential role of imaging in diagnosing and managing advanced endometriosis. From ultrasound to MRI, learn how these tools are transforming care, improving early detection, and empowering patients to advocate for themselves on their endometriosis journey.About Lindsay WolfsonLindsay Wolfson, MPH, is a women's health researcher, consultant, and advocate. She holds a Master of Public Health in Social Inequities and Health from Simon Fraser University. Lindsay is currently the manager at a women's health research and knowledge exchange centre, where she focuses on research and collaboration related to perinatal substance use, chronic pain, violence prevention, sexual health, and community health. Lindsay was diagnosed with endometriosis in 2021 after a decade of living with chronic pain. About Dr. Al-ArnawootDr. Basma Al-Arnawoot is a staff radiologist at Hamilton General Hospital and an Assistant Professor of Radiology at McMaster University. She completed her residency training at McMaster University, followed by a fellowship in Women's Imaging at the University of Toronto.With specialized training and expertise in Body and Breast Imaging, Dr. Al-Arnawoot has a particular focus on advanced imaging and the diagnosis of benign complex gynecological conditions. She serves as the Chair of the Endometriosis Working Group at the Canadian Association of Radiology, a Board Member of the Canadian Society of Abdominal Radiology (CSAR) Executive Committee, and the Body MRI Lead at Hamilton General Hospital.Dr. Al-Arnawoot is an active peer reviewer for several national and international medical journals, including CARJ, RadioGraphics, Reproduction and Fertility Journal, and JMIRO. Her research interests center on imaging of benign complex gynecological diseases and advancements in medical education.About Dr. LeonardiDr. Mathew Leonardi is an expert in complex gynecology, endometriosis excision surgery and gynaecological ultrasound (assistant professor) at McMaster University Medical Centre in Hamilton, Canada. He is an honorary adjunct lecturer at the University of Adelaide. His philosophy of care includes working in an interdisciplinary team and patient-centred decision making. He has been awarded his PhD from the University of Sydney which is focused on the utility of ultrasound in the diagnosis and surgical management of endometriosis.Dr. Leonardi is a nationally and internationally recognized leader in his field. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed scientific articles, several textbook chapters, and presented at numerous international congresses on endometriosis. He has received numerous awards for his conference presentations on endometriosis. He is an avid researcher, actively contributing academically to the advancement of gynecologic health.Dr. Leonardi is on the World Endometriosis Society Early Career Board and a founding member of the Next Generation Committee at the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. He is an Associate Editor for Reproduction & Fertility and on the Editorial Board for the Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, and the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Canada. He is part of an international research group named Imagendo, which won the most prestigious science award in Australia, the 2023 ANSTO Eureka Prize for Innovative Use of Technology.

Dr. Refky Nicola summarizes a recent review article from RadioGraphics. Find out how to stand out from the crowd and create your own outstanding exhibit.  Creating an Award-winning RSNA Education Exhibit. Albasha and Burkett et al. RadioGraphics 2022; 42:E106-E108. Check out the new RSNA Education Course about submitting an Abstract for RSNA2025. How To Prepare and Submit an Educational Abstract for the RSNA Annual Meeting (2025)    

Dr. Lily Wang and Dr. Aakanksha Sriwastwa discuss how nuclear medicine, including PET and SPECT imaging, helps diagnose and treat medically refractory focal epilepsy. Learn how these techniques guide surgical planning and improve patient care.   Nuclear Medicine Imaging in Epilepsy. Sriwastwa et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(1):e240062. 

Dr. Refky Nicola discusses the role of radiology residents as educators, drawing from an article by Bentley et al. from the University of British Columbia. He explores key teaching strategies, including goal setting, supervision, and effective feedback, to help residents enhance medical education. Teaching Radiology: An Evidence-based Overview for Radiology Residents. Bentley et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(2):e240181.

Join Dr. Richa Patel, Clinical Assistant Professor of Body Imaging at Stanford University, as she discusses key ultrasound features for accurately diagnosing acute cholecystitis, drawn from her recently published Radiographics paper. Learn how recognizing findings like gallbladder dilation, wall hyperemia, and mucosal discontinuity can improve diagnostic precision and patient outcomes. Improving Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis withUS: New Paradigms. Patel et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(12):e240032.

Join host Dr. Sherry Wang as she explores the complex world of Erdheim-Chester disease with Dr. Yashant Aswani and Dr. Shehbaz Ansari, authors of Imaging in Erdheim-Chester Disease from RadioGraphics. In this episode, they discuss the key imaging findings, differential diagnoses, and the crucial role radiologists play in diagnosing and managing this rare multisystemic histiocytic neoplasm. Imaging in Erdheim-Chester Disease. Aswani et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(9):e240011

Hosts Jennifer Weaver and Jonathan Revels explore the game-changing potential of photon-counting CT (PCCT) with experts Dr. Lakshmi Ananthakrishnan and Dr. Fides Schwartz. Recorded at RSNA 2024, this episode covers key advantages, challenges in clinical integration, and its impact on imaging quality. Tune in for practical insights on optimizing PCCT and its future in radiology! Getting Started with Photon-counting CT: Optimizing Your Setup for Success. Schwartz et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(2):e240106. 

In this episode, Dr. Jonathan Revels unpacks essential chest radiograph signs, providing practical insights and tips for mastering chest imaging interpretation. Classic Signs on Chest Radiographs:Primer for Residents. Ufuk et al. RadioGraphics 2025; 45(2):e240155. 

The Trabecular Metal Total Ankle Implant differs from other newer-generation implants in the transfibular approach, multiplanar external frame for alignment, tantalum trabecular metal interfaces, curved geometry, and shallow resection depths. The primary aim of this study was to report midterm clinical and radiographic results, as well as survivorship and adverse events at a minimum of 5-year follow-up.   In conclusion, at a minimum of 5 years, patients who underwent TM TAA reported minimal ankle pain and regained neutral ankle alignment and mobility, without septic or aseptic implant loosening. Although having certain limitations, this study suggests that TM TAA is a viable option for the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis.   Click here to read the article.

Join Dr. Jennifer Weaver and Dr. Jonathan Revels as they discuss the enduring value of upper GI fluoroscopy in modern radiology. Based on Dr. Revels' Radiographics article, they explore its unique advantages, applications in postoperative care, and tips for teaching and performing these studies effectively in today's busy practices. Upper Gastrointestinal Fluoroscopic Examination: A Traditional Art Enduring into the 21st Century. Revels et al. RadioGraphics 2022; 42:E152–E153

Dr. Zach Del dives into the key updates to the AAST Organ Injury Scale, breaking down what they mean for trauma grading and patient management. Discover how modern imaging is reshaping care for splenic, liver, and kidney injuries. Grading Abdominal Trauma: Changes in and Implications of the Revised 2018 AAST-OIS for the Spleen, Liver, and Kidney. Dixe de Oliveira Santo et al. RadioGraphics 2023; 43(9):e230040. 

Maxine Kresse, MD delves into MR safety for patients with implanted devices, exploring challenges, protocols, and strategies to ensure safe imaging. MRI in Adult Patients with Active and Inactive Implanted MR-conditional, MR-nonconditional,and Other Devices. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(3):e230102. 

Dr. Lisa Blacklock, nuclear radiologist, discusses 123I-Ioflupane imaging in diagnosing Parkinsonian syndromes. Lisa covers its role in improving diagnostic accuracy, differentiating Parkinson's disease, and common interpretation pitfalls. Tune in for key insights on this valuable imaging tool. Practical Overview of 123I-Ioflupane Imaging in Parkinsonian Syndromes. Mercer et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(2):e230133. 

Ep 149 - Wondering how to handle canine extractions without risking jaw fractures? Quick Summary of the Episode: In this episode of The Vet Dental Show, board-certified veterinary dentist Brett Beckman tackles challenging questions about canine extractions, jaw fracture risks, and the importance of correct tools and techniques. Topics include the reattachment of gingiva after canine extraction, preventing iatrogenic fractures, and the best burrs for precision in veterinary dental procedures. Guest, Cast, and Crew Information: Host: Brett Beckman, DVM, FAVD, DAVDC, DAAPM (Board Certified Veterinary Dentist) Featured Pathologist: Dr. Cindy Bell, Oral Pathology Specialist Main Talking Points: Gingiva reattachment and the importance of cone collars post-extraction. Preventing jaw fractures during canine extractions, particularly with small breeds. Using the Dental Explorer for periodontal pocket measurement. Managing lucencies around canine roots and deciding when to perform root canal therapy. The importance of having the correct burr sizes and types for safe dental work. Interesting Quotes From the Episode: "Gingiva reattaches within days unless disrupted by tension or trauma at the extraction site." "With proper training and technique, the risk of a jaw fracture during extraction is minimal, even in challenging cases." "The correct burr can make all the difference in a complex canine extraction—it's a must-have for precision." Timestamps for Major Segments: 00:00-01:00 – Introduction and sponsor mention (Veterinary Dental Practitioner Program) 01:00-03:30 – Answering Aaron's question on gingiva reattachment post-extraction 03:30-07:30 – Discussion on jaw fracture risks in canine extractions with Kristen's question 07:30-10:00 – Using the Dental Explorer and the importance of anesthesia in dental exams 10:00-13:30 – Understanding lucencies, root fractures, and periodontal involvement 13:30-16:30 – Essential burrs and tools for canine extractions and restoration 16:30-18:00 – Wrapping up with a call to action and course details   Learn more about the Veterinary Dental Practitioners Program at https://ivdi.org/inv   and request an invitation. Canine extraction techniques, Preventing jaw fractures in small dogs, Veterinary Dental Practitioners Program, Dental tools for veterinary dentists, Managing root fractures in canine teeth Key Takeaways: Gingiva reattachment happens quickly but requires cone collars to prevent dehiscence. Using the right tools and techniques can minimize the risk of jaw fractures during canine extractions. Radiographic interpretation and familiarity with lucencies are essential for knowing when to extract or save a tooth. Veterinary dental equipment selection, especially burr types and sizes, is crucial for efficient and safe procedures. Affiliate & Sponsor Links: Veterinary Dental Practitioner Program: https://ivdi.org/inv  

Dr. Leila Rezai explores the updated 10 Pillars of Lung Cancer Screening in light of COPD and Lung Cancer Awareness Month. Dr. Rezai discusses key developments since 2015, including changes in eligibility, the need for patient education, and innovative strategies to enhance screening access. RadioGraphics Update: The 10 Pillars of Lung Cancer Screening—Rationale and Logistics of a Lung CancerScreening Program Adams et al. RadioGraphics 2023; 44(3):e230057.  

In this episode, Dr. Lily Wang, a neuroradiologist at the University of Cincinnati, discusses the critical role of imaging in monitoring patients after thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Differentiated Thyroid Cancer after Thyroidectomy. Chua et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(10):e240021.

Taking radiographs is a challenging skill to learn and develop. Understanding all the complexities of what you see on those radiographs is a whole different skill to learn. Part of your journey will involve radiographic interpretation of the beautiful radiographs you take on your patient. In this episode, I will review some of the major considerations to look for when you are reviewing radiographs in the clinical setting to make the determination of your patient's overall health status and periodontal condition. Additional resources:  Study Sheets: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://thehappyflosserrdh.etsy.com/ ⁠⁠⁠⁠ Specialized Course: How to be successful in Dental Hygiene School ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://billie-lunt-s-school.teachable.com/p/how-to-be-successful-in-dental-hygiene-school⁠⁠⁠⁠ Other Podcasts: ⁠⁠⁠⁠blog.feedspot.com/dental_hygiene_podcasts/⁠⁠⁠⁠  Take a look at a recent product I have tried and recommend. ⁠⁠⁠⁠bit.ly/thehappyflosser ⁠⁠⁠⁠promo code: HAPPYFLOSSER   Send Messages to: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://anchor.fm/billie43/message.⁠⁠⁠⁠ Email Me: ⁠⁠⁠⁠HappyflosserRDH@gmail.com⁠⁠⁠⁠

Dr. Bersu Ozcan and Dr. Jessica Porembka dive into the critical issue of breast cancer disparities among underserved women in the U.S. Breast Cancer Disparity and Outcomes in Underserved Women. Ozcan et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(1):e230090. 

Quick Summary: Dr. Brett Beckman discusses the causes, treatment, and management of enamel hypoplasia and other dental defects in young animals, focusing on hypocalcification, trauma, and systemic diseases like distemper. He shares key insights into treatment options, extraction methods, and preventive care to maintain optimal oral health in young patients.     Guest, Cast, and Crew Information: Host: Brett Beckman, Board Certified Veterinary Dentist Guest: None Sponsored by: Veterinary Dental Practitioner Program     Main Talking Points: Causes of enamel hypoplasia and the role of systemic diseases. Identifying brittle and compromised teeth in young patients. When extractions are necessary and special considerations for brittle teeth. The importance of radiographic monitoring and pulp cavity analysis. Managing patient sensitivity and appropriate home care options.     Interesting Quotes: "Teeth compromised by enamel hypoplasia are more brittle due to the lack of proper calcification, making them prone to fracture." "In young animals, even a brief fever can disrupt the formation of enamel, leading to hypoplasia."     Timestamps: [00:00] – Introduction and overview. [01:20] – Heather's question: How brittle are hypoplastic teeth? [03:30] – Extraction concerns for hypoplastic teeth. [05:45] – Radiographic monitoring and bone loss. [09:20] – Nutritional deficiencies and enamel formation. [11:10] – Managing systemic diseases like distemper and their effect on enamel.       (Veterinary dentistry, enamel hypoplasia, brittle teeth in young animals, tooth extractions, dental defects, systemic diseases in animals, canine distemper, enamel formation, dental care for puppies and kittens)     Key Points Summary: Enamel hypoplasia makes teeth brittle and prone to fractures, especially in young patients. Systemic diseases like distemper and fevers can cause enamel defects if they occur during enamel formation. Monitoring dental health through regular radiographs helps catch defects early. Special tools and techniques are required for successful extractions and restorations in hypoplastic teeth.     Affiliate & Sponsor Links: Sponsored by: IVDI Link: https://ivdi.org/inv  

Dr. Jessica Leschied, a pediatric and musculoskeletal radiologist at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, discusses the key imaging features and diagnostic challenges of intra-articular osteoid osteomas. She shares expertise on how radiologists can recognize these atypical presentations to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions. Intra-articular Osteoid Osteomas: Imaging Manifestations and Mimics. Bedoya et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(7):e230208. 

Dr. Dyan Flores speaks with Dr. Jaime Isern-Kebschull about their research on using MRI to assess muscle healing and return to play for sports injuries. Muscle Healing in Sports Injuries: MRI Findings and Proposed Classification Basedon a Single Institutional Experienceand Clinical Observation. Isern-Kebschull and Mechó et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(8):e230147.

Dr. Erica Lanser discusses navigating the transition to the new ABR oral certifying exam and succeeding as a radiology fellow The New American Board of Radiology Certifying Oral Examination: How Should Diagnostic Radiology Graduate Medical Education Evolve? Mokkarala et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(6):e240016.  How to Succeed as a Radiology Fellow. Zhang et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(5):e240003. 

In this month's episode of “Lab Medicine Rounds,” Justin Kreuter, M.D., interviews Jessica Stellmaker on creating a culture of continuous improvement using Kaizen events.Timestamps:0:00 Intro00:40 What is a kaizen event?04:01 Kaizen week06:28 Create a culture of continuous improvement 09:54 Resources11:31 Fail point13:15 Impacts on laboratory functions17:02 OutroResources:Continuous Improvement: Kaizen Events - Insights (mayocliniclabs.com)For additional learning:Flug J, Stellmaker J, Sharpe R, et al. Kaizen Process Improvement in Radiology: Primer for Creating a Culture of Continuous Improvement. RadioGraphics, 42(3), 919-928.Flug J, Stellmaker J, Tollefson C, et al. (2022). Improving Turnaround Time in a Hospital-based CT Division with the Kaizen Method. RadioGraphics, 42(E125-E131).

Drs. Jennifer Schopp, Jody Hayes, and Richard Ahn discuss their paper titled Imaging Challenges in Diagnosing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer published October 2023 in RadioGraphics. Imaging Challenges in Diagnosing Triple-NegativeBreast Cancer. Schopp et al. RadioGraphics 2023; 43(10):e230027  

Host Dr. Sherry Wang summarizes the article Congestive Hepatopathy: Pathophysiology, Workup, and Imaging Findings with Pathologic Correlation. Congestive Hepatopathy: Pathophysiology, Workup, and Imaging Findings with Pathologic Correlation. Flory et al.  RadioGraphics 2024; 44(5):e230121. 

Today we share a recording of Dr. Brad Ellison from our Charlotte conference. Dr. Ellison is a board-certified fellowship-trained hip and knee reconstruction specialist. He spoke at our Charlotte conference "Arthritis to Arthroplasty" about imaging of the hip. We have several years of conferences available for members to view for free. Please see our Learning Central for links.

Description: Dr. Katie Epstein summaries the article “Troubleshooting Tips for Diagnosing Complex Fetal Genitourinary Malformations” published in RadioGraphics Troubleshooting Tips for Diagnosing Complex Fetal Genitourinary Malformations. Griffith et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(1):e230084.

Reference: Florin TA, et al. Radiographic pneumonia in young febrile infants presenting to the emergency department: secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study. Emerg Med J. 2023 Date: May 29, 2024 Guest Skeptic: Dr. Christina Lindgren is a Pediatric Emergency Medicine Attending at Children's National Hospital and Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine at […] The post SGEM#446: Finding Pneumo…nia in Febrile Infants first appeared on The Skeptics Guide to Emergency Medicine.

Dr. Justin Abbatemarco and Dr. Jiyeon Son discuss her paper "Association between Radiographic Features of Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis and its Underlying Diagnoses."  Show reference:  https://www.aan.com/conferences-community/summer-conference/abstracts/ This podcast is sponsored by argenx. Visit www.vyvgarthcp.com for more information.

Dr. Refky Nicola speaks with Drs. Jônatas Fávero Prietto dos Santos,  Alice Schuch, Maurício Zapparoli, and Valdair Francisco Muglia about their article on Practical Guide to VI-RADS. Practical Guide to VI-RADS: MRI Protocols,Lesion Characterization, and Pitfalls. Fávero Prietto dos Santos et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(3):e230149.

Dr. Pavan Brahmbhatt summarizes an article in RadioGraphics titled Amyloid-related Imaging Abnormalities in Alzheimer Disease Treated with Anti–Amyloid-β Therapy Amyloid-related Imaging Abnormalities in Alzheimer Disease Treated with Anti–Amyloid-β Therapy. Agarwal et al. RadioGraphics 2023; 43(9):e230009.

Host Dr. Jonathan Revels summarizes the RadioGraphics article titled “Epicardial Space: Comprehensive Anatomy and Spectrum of Disease”. Epicardial Space: Comprehensive Anatomy and Spectrum of Disease. Roset-Altadill et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(4):e230160.

Guest host Dr. Andrew Chesley summarizes a RadioGraphics article about the alternative therapeutic option of Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in the Management of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. Higuchi et al. RadioGraphics 2022; 42:1881–1896.

Micro/nano-plastics (MNP) - the new ultra threat to our health In a first of its kind study, a group out of Italy has found quite disturbing results in the hearts of a few hundred tested individuals. From the study: 257 patients completed a 35 month study where they detected polyethylene in the 59% of the patient's heart's carotid artery plaque. In addition, 12% of the patients had detectable amounts of polyvinyl chloride. "Electron microscopy revealed visible, jagged-edged foreign particles among plaque macrophages and scattered in the external debris. Radiographic examination showed that some of these particles included chlorine." (Marfella et. al. 2024) Individuals with micro/nanoplastics in the carotid atheroma were at significantly higher risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, or death than those without detectable MNP. The hazard ratio is 4.5 which is to say that the risk is 4.5 X higher for the plastic exposed people.....plus a literature review. Enjoy, Dr. M

Host Dr. Jennifer Weaver discusses how overhead throwing, particularly in baseball, subjects the shoulder and elbow to various unique injuries. Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in Adult Overhead Throwers: Imaging Review. Goes et al. RadioGraphics 2023; 43(12):e230094.

Frequently encountered in maxillofacial trauma patients, zygomatic fractures are probably the most common mid-face fracture after a broken nose, so it's important that you know how to manage them! Joining us today to share some effective strategies is Dr. Aaron Liddell, an oral maxillofacial surgeon at Colorado Oral Surgery and a returning guest to the show. Utilizing a multidisciplinary approach, Dr. Liddell provides facial reconstructive treatment in the Denver metropolitan area, is a consultant surgeon to the Denver Nuggets basketball team, and also serves as faculty for the craniomaxillofacial (CMF) section of AO North America. In today's episode, Dr. Liddell presents a comprehensive overview of zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures, how to approach clinical assessment, what primary triage looks like, and optimal surgical or non-surgical treatments following evaluation. We also touch on some helpful tips for communicating frankly with patients about surgical risks and expectations, common post-operative issues, and much more, so be sure not to miss this highly informative conversation!Key Points From This Episode:How zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures typically occur and how to diagnose them.What a thorough clinical or ophthalmologic assessment of a ZMC fracture entails.OCS and entrapment: two instances that constitute true ophthalmological emergencies.Radiographic evaluation of a ZMC fracture and why CT scans are most common.Surgical and non-surgical interventions (and how to know which one to choose).The importance of speaking openly with patients about surgical risks and expectations.Tips for communicating with patients who are upset about their cosmetic appearance.Insight into the coronal approach to zygomatic arch fractures and how rare it is.Why Dr. Liddell recommends starting with the simplest incision first.A look at some of his preferred types and sizes of plates and screws.The most common long-term post-operative issues that patients encounter.Reasons to be selective when it comes to surgical management of ZMC fractures.Training and fellowships that can benefit those interested in facial trauma.Links Mentioned in Today's Episode:Dr. Aaron Liddell — coloradooralsurgery.com/meet-us/dr-aaron-t-liddell-md-dmd-facs Dr. Aaron Liddell on LinkedIn — linkedin.com/in/aaronliddellDr. Aaron Liddell Email — aaronliddell@gmail.com AO Foundation North America — aofoundation.org/aonaAO CMF NA Course: Management of Facial Trauma — events.aona.org/event/eventdetailresp/9880Speechify — speechify.comEveryday Oral Surgery Website — everydayoralsurgery.com Everyday Oral Surgery on Instagram — instagram.com/everydayoralsurgery Everyday Oral Surgery on Facebook — facebook.com/EverydayOralSurgeryDr. Grant Stucki Email — grantstucki@gmail.comDr. Grant Stucki Phone — 720-441-6059

Dr. Amy Hara, Chair of Radiology at Mayo Arizona and Dr. Christine (Cooky) Menias, Editor of Radiographics, share stories about leadership, mentorship, and positive culture in radiology.

Host Dr. Lily Wang and guest Dr. Alisa Kanfi discuss an article about Neuroimaging of Neonatal Stroke focusing on venous strokes. Neuroimaging of Neonatal Stroke: Venous Focus. Lai et al. RadioGraphics 2024; 44(2):e230117. 

Commentary by Dr. Valentin Fuster