Podcasts about Madhavan

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Recently, sophisticated myelographic techniques to precisely subtype and localize CSF leaks have been developed and refined. These techniques improve the detection of various types of CSF leaks thereby enabling targeted therapies. In this episode, Katie Grouse, MD, FAAN, speaks with Ajay A. Madhavan, MD, author of the article “Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension” in the Continuum® June 2025 Disorders of CSF Dynamics issue. Dr. Grouse is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a clinical assistant professor at the University of California San Francisco in San Francisco, California. Dr. Madhavan is assistant professor of radiology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Additional Resources Read the article: Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones:  This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast. Dr Grouse:  This is Dr Katie Grouse. Today I'm interviewing Dr Ajay Madhavan about his article on Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension, which he wrote with Dr Levi Chazen. This article appears in the June 2025 Continuum issue on disorders of CSF dynamics. Welcome to the podcast, and please introduce yourself to our audience. Dr Madhavan:  Hi, thanks a lot, Katie. Yeah, so I'm Ajay Madhaven. I'm a neuroradiologist at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. I did all my training here, so, I've been here for a long time. And I have a lot of interest in spinal CSF leaks, and I do a lot of that work. And so I'm really excited to be talking about this article with you. Dr Grouse:  I'm really excited too. And in fact, it's such a pleasure to have you here talking today on this topic. I know a lot's changed in this field, and I'm sure many of our listeners are really interested in learning about the developments and imaging techniques to improve detection and treatment of CSF leaks, especially since maybe we've learned about this in training. I want to start by asking you what you think is the most important takeaway from your article. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, that's a great question. I think---and you kind of already alluded to it---I think the main thing is, I hope people recognize that this field has really changed a lot in the last five to ten years, through a lot of multi-institutional collaboration and also collaboration between different specialties. We've learned a lot about different types of spinal CSF leaks, how we can recognize the disease, particularly the types of myelography that we need to be using to accurately localize and treat these leaks. Those are the things that have really evolved in the last five to ten years, and they've really helped us improve these patients' lives. Dr Grouse:  Can you remind us of the different common types of spinal leaks that can cause spontaneous intracranial hypotension? Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, so there are a number of different spinal CSF leaks, types, and I would say the three most common ones that really most people should try to be aware of and cognizant of are: first, ventral dural tears. So those are, like, just physical holes in the dura. And they're usually caused by little bone spurs that come from the vertebral columns. So, they're often patients who have some degenerative changes in their spine. And those are really very common. Another type of spinal CSF leak that we commonly see is a lateral dural tear. So that's like the same thing in a slightly different location. So instead of being in the front, it's off to the side of the dura laterally. And so, it's also just a hole in the dura. And then the third and most recently discovered type of spinal CSF leak is a CSF-venous fistula. So those are direct connections between the subarachnoid space and little paraspinal vein. And it took us a long time to even realize that this was a real pathology. But now that it's been recognized, we've found that this is actually quite common. So those three types of leaks are probably the three most common that we see. And there's certainly others out there, but I would say over 90% of them fall into one of those three categories. Dr Grouse:  That's a great review, thank you. Just as another quick review, as we talk more about this topic, can you remind us of some of the most common or typical brain imaging findings that you'll see in cases of spontaneous intracranial hypotension? Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, absolutely. So, when you do a brain MRI in a patient who has spontaneous intracranial hypotension, you will usually, though not always, see typical brain MRI abnormalities. And I kind of think of those as falling into three different categories. So, the first one I think of is dural enhancement or thickening. So that's enlargement or engorgement of the dura, the pachymeninges, and enhancement on postgadolinium imaging. So, that's kind of the first category. The second is that, when you lose spinal fluid volume, other things often expand to take up the space. So, for example, you can get distension or enlargement of the dural venous sinuses, and sometimes you can also get subdural food collections or hematomas. They can arise spontaneously. And I kind of think of those as, you know, you, you've lost the cerebrospinal fluid volume and something else is kind of filling up the space. And then the third category is called brain sagging. And that's a constellation of findings where the posterior fossa structures and the pituitary gland in the cell have become abnormal because you've lost the fluid that normally cushions those structures and causes them to float up. For example, the brain stem will sag down, the distance between the mammillary body and the ponds may become reduced. The suprasellar cistern space may be reduced such that the optic chiasm becomes very close to the pituitary gland, and the prepontine cistern may also become reduced in size. And there are various measurements that can be used to determine whether something is subtly abnormal. But just generally speaking, those are really the three categories of brain MRI abnormalities you'll see. Dr Grouse:  That was a great review. And of course, I think in many times when we are thinking about or suspecting this diagnosis, we may be lucky to find those imaging findings to reinforce a diagnosis. Because as it turns out, after reading your article, I was really surprised to find out that in as many as 19% of cases we actually see normal brain imaging, which really was a surprise to me, I have to say. And I think that this really encompasses why spontaneous intercranial hypotension is such a difficult diagnosis to make. I think a lot of us struggle with how far to take the workup when, you know, spontaneous intercranial hypotension is clinically suspected, but multiple imaging studies are normal. Do you have any guidance on how to approach these more difficult cases? Dr Madhavan:  So, that's a really good question. And you know, it's- as you can imagine, that's a topic that comes up in most meetings where people discuss this, and it's been a continued challenge. And so, like you said, about 19 or 20% of patients who have this disease can have a, a normal brain MRI. And we've tried to do some work to figure out why that is and how we can identify patients who still have the disease. And I can just provide, I guess, some tips that have helped me in my clinical practice. One thing is, if I ever see a patient with a normal brain MRI where this disease is clinically suspected---for example, maybe they have orthostatic headaches or other very typical symptoms and we don't know why, but their brain MRI is normal---the first thing I do is I try to look back at their old imaging. So many times, these patients who present to us at Mayo, who, when we do their MRI scan here, their brain MRI looks normal… if you really look back at imaging that they've had done elsewhere---maybe even two to three years prior---at the time their symptoms started, they actually had some abnormalities. So, I might see that a patient, two years ago, had dural enhancement that spontaneously resolved; but now they still have symptoms of SIH and they may still have a CSF leak that we can find and treat, but their brain MRI has, for whatever reason, normalized. So, I always start by looking back at old imaging, and I found that to be very helpful. The other thing is, if you see a patient with a normal brain MRI, it's also important to look at their spine MRI because that can provide clues that might suggest that they could still have a spinal CSF leak. And the two things I look for on the spine MRI: one, if there's any extradural CSF. So, spinal fluid outside of where it's supposed to be within the confines of the subarachnoid space. And you know, really, if you see extradural CSF, you know they probably have a spinal fluid leak somewhere. Even if their brain MRI is normal, that just gives you the information that there is a dural tear probably somewhere. And so, in those patients we'll definitely still proceed to myelography or other testing, even if they have a normal brain MRI. And then the last thing I look for is whether or not they have prominent meningeal diverticula. Patients with CSF venous fistulas almost always have one or more prominent diverticula on their spine along the nerve root sleeves. And that's probably because most of these fistulas come from nerve root sleeve diverticula. We don't completely understand the pathogenesis of CSF venous fistulas, but they're clearly associated with meningeal diverticula. So, if I see a patient who has a normal brain MRI, but I see on their spine MRI that they have many meningeal diverticula that are relatively prominent, that makes me more inclined to be a little bit more aggressive in doing myelography to find a CSF leak. And then I look at other demographic features, too. So, for example, elevated BMI and older age are associated with CSF venous fistulas. So, that can help you determine whether or not it's warranted to go on to more advanced imaging, too. So those are all just a variety of different things that we've used to help us. Dr Grouse:  Thank you for sharing that. I wanted to go on to say that, you know, reading your article, of course, as you mentioned, you alluded to the fact there's lots of new imaging modalities out there. It was very illuminating and just an excellent resource for the options that exist and when they're useful. You did a great job summarizing it. And I encourage our readers to check out your article, to refresh themselves, update themselves on what's happened in this space. And of course, we can't summarize them all today, but I was wondering if you could possibly walk us through a hypothetical case of a patient who comes in with a history very suspicious for SIH? How would you approach this patient? Say you have gotten imaging that suggested that there is a spinal fluid leak and now you have to figure out where it is. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah. So, you know, I think the most typical scenario it'll be a patient who has been seen by one of my excellent neurology colleagues and they've done a brain MRI and they've made the diagnosis through a combination of clinical information and brain MRI finding. And then the next thing we'll do always is, we'll obtain a spine MRI. So, I think of the purpose of the spine MRI as to determine what type of spinal fluid leak they have. On the spine MRI, if you see extradural CSF, those patients essentially always will have a dural tear. And it may be a ventral dural tear or a lateral dural tear. But if you see extradural CSF, that is pretty much what they have. And conversely, if you don't see extradural CSF---if you just see, for example, many meningeal diverticula, but you don't see anything else particularly abnormal---most of those patients have a CSF venous fistula, just common things being common. So I use the spine MRI to determine what type of leak they have. And then the next thing I think about is, okay, I'm going to do a myelogram on this patient. How do I want to position them? Because it turns out that positioning is probably the most important factor for finding these spinal fluid leaks. You have to have the patient positioned correctly to find the leak that you're trying to localize. And so, if I suspect they have a ventral dural tear, I will always position those patients prone for their myelogram. And I might do one of many different types of myelograms. And, you know, the article talks about things like digital subtraction myelography and dynamic CT myelography. And you can find any of these leaks with any of those techniques, but you just have to have the patient positioned correctly. So, if I think I have a ventral dural tear, I'll put them prone for the myelogram. If I think they have a lateral dural tear, I'll put them in the cubitus position for the myelogram. And also, if they- if I think they have a CSF-venous fistula, I'll also put them in the decubitus position. Obviously if you're putting them in the decubitus position, you have to decide whether it's going to be left or right side down. So that may require a two-day exam. Sometimes you don't have to; in many cases, we're able to just do everything in one day. But those are all the different factors I think about when I'm trying to determine how I'm going to work those patients up further. So, I really use the spine MRI chiefly to think about what type of leak they're going to have and how I'm going to plan the myelogram. Dr Grouse:  That's really great. And it's, I think, really nice to emphasize how much the positioning matters in all this, which I think is not something we've been classically taught as far as the diagnosis of spinal leaks. Another thing I'm really interested in your opinion on is, you talked a lot about how to optimize and what can make you successful at diagnosis. I'm curious what you think one of the easiest mistakes to make or, you know, that we should hopefully avoid when treating patients with this disease. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah. And I think, you know, one other thing that's been discussed a lot in this topic… you know, we've talked about the patients with a normal brain MRI. Another barrier or challenge particularly with CSF-venous fistulas is, sometimes they can be very subtle on imaging. So, it's not always you see it very definitive CSF-venous fistula where you can say, like, there's no question, that's a fistula. There are many times where we do a good-quality myelogram and we see something that looks, like, possible for a CSF venous fistula, or probable. If I had to put a number on it, maybe there's a 50 to 70% chance of real. So, in those cases, we end up wondering, like, should we treat this suspected leak? And I think one common mistake  or one thing that needs to be looked at further is, how do we handle these patients where we don't know whether the fistula is real or not? That's usually something where I will have a discussion with the patient, and I'm usually just very upfront with him about my interpretation of the imaging. I'll just tell them, we did a good-quality myelogram. You did a great job. We got good images. I don't see anything definitive, but I see this thing that I think has maybe a 60% chance of being real. And then I'll confer with one of my neurology colleagues and we'll decide whether it's worth treating that or not. And we'll just be very upfront with a patient about whether- about the likelihood of its success and what their long-term prognosis is. And oftentimes we let them make the decision. But I think that remains to be one of the big challenges is, how do we treat these patients who have suspected leaks that are not definitive on imaging. Dr Grouse:  That sounds absolutely like an important area where there can be problems, so I appreciate that insight. I'm interested what you think in your article would come as the biggest surprise to our listeners who may not have kept up as much with all of the changes that have happened in recent years? Dr Madhavan:  One of the things that was certainly, at least, a surprise to me as I was going through my training and learning about this topic is how diverse myelography has really become. You know, when I was a radiology resident, I learned about myelography as this thing that we've been doing for 30 to 40 years. And historically we've used myelograms just to look for degenerative changes: disc bulges, you know, disc herniations and things like that. Now that MRI is more prevalent, we don't use it as much, but it has turned out that it has a very big role in patients with spinal fluid leaks. Furthermore, something that I've learned is just how diverse these different types of myelograms have become. It used to kind of be just that a myelogram is a myelogram is a myelogram, but now we have different types of positioning, different types of equipment that we use. We vary the timing between contrast injection and imaging to optimize success for finding spinal fluid leaks. So, I think many times I talk to people who may not be as familiar with this field and they're surprised at just how diverse that has become and how sophisticated some of the various myelographic techniques have become and how much that really makes a difference in being able to accurately diagnose these patients. Dr Grouse:  Well, I can say it was a surprise to me. Even as someone who does treat quite a few patients with this condition, I was surprised to see the breadth of different options that have become available. And then kind of a follow-up to that, what do you think the current area of controversy is in this area of diagnosis and treatment? Dr Madhavan:  The biggest ones are ones you've sort of already alluded to. So, one big one is, how far do we go in patients who have a normal brain MRI who still have a clinical suspicion of the disease? And sometimes it's really hard, because sometimes you will find patients who clinically have a very strong case for having spontaneous intracranial hypotension. You look at them, they have very acute-onset orthostatic headaches. There's no better explanation for their symptoms that we know of. And it's hard to know what to do with those patients, because some of them want to continue to undergo diagnostic workup, but you can only do so many myelograms and you can only do so much with this diagnostic workup that requires some radiation dose before it becomes very challenging. That's a major point of just, I guess, ongoing research as to what can we do better for that subset of patients. Fortunately, it's not all of them, it's a subset of them, but I think we could help those patients better in the future as we learn more about the disease. So that's one. And the other one is treating these equivocal findings, like I discussed.  And where should our threshold be to treat a patient, and what type of treatment should we do in patients where we don't know whether a leak is real? Should we just do a very noninvasive- relatively noninvasive blood patch? Do we do an embolization where we're leaving a foreign body there? Is it worth sending those patients to surgery? Those are all unanswered questions and things that continue to spark ongoing debate. Dr Grouse:  Do you think that there's going to be any new big breakthroughs, or even, do you know of any big developments on the horizon that we should be keeping our eyes out for? Dr Madhavan:  You know, I think for me the biggest thing is, imaging is dramatically improving. We talked a little bit about photon counting detector CT in our article, and that's one of the newest and best techniques for imaging these patients because it has very, very high resolution, it has a lower radiation dose, it has allowed us to find leaks that we were not able to find before. And there are other high-resolution modalities that are emerging and becoming more accessible to things like cone beam CT which we do in addition to digital subtraction myelography. And on top of that, we've started to use AI-based tools to make images look a lot better. So, there are various AI algorithms that have come out that allow us to remove artifacts from imaging. They help us image patients with a bigger body habitus better without running into a lot of imaging artifacts. They help us reduce noise in imaging. They can just give us better-quality images and aid us in the diagnosis. For me as a radiologist, those are some of the most exciting things. We're finding less invasive ways with less radiation to better diagnose these patients with just better-quality imaging. Dr Grouse:  Well, that is definitely something to be excited about. So, I just want to thank you so much for talking with us today. It's been such an interesting, informative discussion and a real privilege to talk with you about this important topic. Dr Madhavan:  Yeah, thanks so much. I really appreciate the time to talk with you, and I look forward to seeing the article out there and hopefully getting some interesting questions. Dr Grouse:  Again, today I've been interviewing Dr Ajay Madhavan about his article on Radiographic Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension, which he wrote with Dr Levi Chasen. This article appears in the most recent issue of Continuum on disorders of CSF dynamics. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues, and thank you to our listeners for joining today. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Communication is the key

Alan speaks with Dr. Guru Madhavan at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, DC, as we continue our series marking 250 years of American innovation. Guru, a leader at the National Academy of Engineering, explores the Academy's Civil War origins, its lasting role in advising the U.S. government, and its influence on everything from compass design to pandemic response. He discusses how innovation must balance bold ideas with long-term systems like sanitation and maintenance. Calling for a “deep time” perspective, Guru urges us to value resilience, inclusivity, and the often-unseen foundations that truly sustain progress.     Guest Bio Dr. Guru Madhavan is the Norman Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering. With a background in biomedical engineering (MS, PhD) and an MBA from the State University of New York, he previously led innovations in the medical device industry before turning his focus to national science and engineering policy. He is the acclaimed author of Applied Minds: How Engineers Think and Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World. A valued member of AMSE's National Advisory Committee, Guru was honored with the 2024 AMSE Foundation National Excellence Award for his outstanding contributions.     Show Highlights (1:54) An introduction to the National Academy of Sciences (7:59) Lincoln's impact on the sciences in the United States (11:06) How Vannevar Bush's principles from Science: The Endless Frontier are implemented (19:30) The impact the arts are having on STEM (20:13) How the National Academies have supported and encouraged innovation (24:10) Guru's list of most important American innovations (30:23) The frameworks and institutions that have supported America's innovations (37:51) The United States and the ideology of innovation (43:27) Using deep time to gain perspective on innovation     Links Referenced Applied Minds: How Engineers Think: https://www.amazon.com/Applied-Minds-how-Engineers-Think/dp/039335301X Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World: https://www.amazon.com/Wicked-Problems-Engineer-Better-World/dp/0393651460  

Send us a textKathy and Ramesh react to the trailer for Kesari Chapter 2: The Untold Story of Jallianwala Bagh, an upcoming Indian Hindi-language historical courtroom drama film directed by Karan Singh Tyagi and produced by Dharma Productions, Leo Media Collective, and Cape of Good Films. A spiritual sequel to Kesari (2019), the plot is based on the book The Case That Shook The Empire by Raghu Palat and Pushpa Palat, centred around C. Sankaran Nair and the 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre. The film stars Akshay Kumar, R. Madhavan and Ananya Panday.Support the show

Let's talk about that voice in your head – you know the one, the internal voice that can support or chastise you. Can lift you up or pull you down.  Aneeta Madhavan is in the studio today. She's a leadership + equity coach and knows how to help clients harness that voice for better mental well-being.  We discuss Chatter by Ethan Cross + it gives us practical tips for managing that pesky inner critic + the power of positive self-talk. Look for more shows in this Book Huddle strand where we have experts share their favourite books. Books discussed in this episode: Chatter - Ethan Cross 1984 - George Orwell The Power of Habit - Charles Duhigg Shift - Ethan Cross Aneeta's LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/aneeta-madhavan Aneeta's Website: TalkingCranes.com ==== If you'd like my help with your Business go to www.lizscully.com/endlessClients ==== And don't forget to get your reading list of the 10 essential reads for every successful biz owner - these are the books Liz recommends almost on the daily to her strategy + Mastermind clients. This isn't your usual list of biz books, these answer the challenges you've actually got coming up right now. Helpful, quick to read and very timely. Click here lizscully.com/reading to get your book list

Join us as we explore the complex challenges of "wicked problems" with Guru Madhavan, renowned engineer and author of "Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World.” We uncover the fascinating story of Edwin Link, a pioneer who revolutionised aviation engineering with the invention of the first mechanical flight simulator. Guru Madhavan shares his insights on how historical and socio-cultural contexts shape engineering solutions, and highlights the critical role of systems engineering in tackling complex challenges that require a multifaceted approach.Tune in for engaging stories, expert insights, and a fresh perspective on the power of engineering to create positive change.Join us as we explore the complex challenges of "wicked problems" with Guru Madhavan, renowned engineer and author of "Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World.” We uncover the fascinating story of Edwin Link, a pioneer who revolutionised aviation engineering with the invention of the first mechanical flight simulator. Guru Madhavan shares his insights on how historical and socio-cultural contexts shape engineering solutions, and highlights the critical role of systems engineering in tackling complex challenges that require a multifaceted approach.Tune in for engaging stories, expert insights, and a fresh perspective on the power of engineering to create positive change.Resource List - Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World, Book by Guru Madhavan - https://amzn.in/d/5Yx6Rxs Applied Minds - How Engineers Think, Book by Guru Madhavan - https://amzn.in/d/5GMOzNn What are Wicked Problems? - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicked_problem https://www.stonybrook.edu/commcms/wicked-problem/about/What-is-a-wicked-problem https://www.resonanceglobal.com/blog/the-characteristics-of-wicked-problems#:~:text=In%202023%2C%20the%20term%20'wicked,certainly%20a%20'wicked%20problem'. About Edwin Link - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Albert_Link https://www.simulationinformation.com/hall-of-fame/members/edwin-albert-link/More about the Link's ‘Link Trainer' - https://www.nasflmuseum.com/link-trainer.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_Trainer https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196852/link-trainer/https://rastek.com/the-worlds-first-commercially-built-flight-simulator-the-link-trainer-blue-box/More about Chaplin Airlines - https://www.islapedia.com/index.php?title=Chaplin_Airlines,_Santa_Catalina_Island https://www.laalmanac.com/transport/tr707.php#google_vignette Read about Philosophy and Engineering - https://hbr.org/2024/04/why-engineers-should-study-philosophyhttps://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144214599.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269921583_Philosophy_of_Engineering_What_It_Is_and_Why_It_Matters Read more about the Great Molasses Flood - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Molasses_Floodhttps://www.history.com/news/great-molasses-flood-science

She's an economist, an institution-builder, an ecosystem-nurturer and one of our finest thinkers. Shruti Rajagopalan joins Amit Varma in episode 410 of The Seen and the Unseen to talk about her life & times -- and her remarkable work. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out: 1. Shruti Rajagopalan on Twitter, Substack, Instagram, her podcast, Ideas of India and her own website. 2. Emergent Ventures India. 3. The 1991 Project. 4. Life Lessons That Are Priceless -- Episodes 400 of The Seen and the Unseen. 5. Other episodes of The Seen and the Unseen w Shruti Rajagopalan, in reverse chronological order: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. 6. The Day Ryan Started Masturbating -- Amit Varma's newsletter post explaining Shruti Rajagopalan's swimming pool analogy for social science research. 7. A Deep Dive Into Education -- Episode 54 of Everything is Everything. 8. Fixing Indian Education — Episode 185 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Karthik Muralidharan). 9. Population Is Not a Problem, but Our Greatest Strength -- Amit Varma. 10. Our Population Is Our Greatest Asset -- Episode 20 of Everything is Everything. 11. Where Has All the Education Gone? -- Lant Pritchett. 12. Lant Pritchett Is on Team Prosperity — Episode 379 of The Seen and the Unseen. 13. The Theory of Moral Sentiments — Adam Smith. 14. The Wealth of Nations — Adam Smith. 15. Commanding Heights -- Daniel Yergin. 16. Capitalism and Freedom -- Milton Friedman. 17. Free to Choose -- Milton Friedman and Rose Friedman. 18. Economics in One Lesson -- Henry Hazlitt. 19. The Road to Serfdom -- Friedrich Hayek. 20. Four Papers That Changed the World -- Episode 41 of Everything is Everything. 21. The Use of Knowledge in Society -- Friedrich Hayek. 22. Individualism and Economic Order -- Friedrich Hayek. 23. Understanding the State -- Episode 25 of Everything is Everything.  24. Richard E Wagner at Mercatus and Amazon. 25. Larry White and the First Principles of Money -- Episode 397 of The Seen and the Unseen. 26. Fixing the Knowledge Society -- Episode 24 of Everything is Everything. 27. Marginal Revolution. 28. Paul Graham's essays. 29. Commands and controls: Planning for indian industrial development, 1951–1990 -- Rakesh Mohan and Vandana Aggarwal. 30. The Reformers -- Episode 28 of Everything is Everything. 31. India: Planning for Industrialization -- Jagdish Bhagwati and Padma Desai. 32. Open Borders: The Science and Ethics of Immigration -- Bryan Caplan and Zach Weinersmith. 33. Cows on India Uncut. 34. Abdul Karim Khan on Spotify and YouTube. 35. The Surface Area of Serendipity -- Episode 39 of Everything is Everything. 36. Objects From Our Past -- Episode 77 of Everything is Everything. 37. Sriya Iyer on the Economics of Religion -- The Ideas of India Podcast. 38. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Ramachandra Guha: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 39. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Pratap Bhanu Mehta: 1, 2. 40. Rohit Lamba Reimagines India's Economic Policy Emphasis -- The Ideas of India Podcast. 41. Rohit Lamba Will Never Be Bezubaan — Episode 378 of The Seen and the Unseen. 42. The Constitutional Law and Philosophy blog. 43. Cost and Choice -- James Buchanan. 44. Philip Wicksteed. 45. Pratap Bhanu Mehta on The Theory of Moral Sentiments -- The Ideas of India Podcast. 46. Conversation and Society — Episode 182 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Russ Roberts). 47. The Common Sense of Political Economy -- Philip Wicksteed. 48. Narendra Shenoy and Mr Narendra Shenoy — Episode 250 of The Seen and the Unseen. 49. Sudhir Sarnobat Works to Understand the World — Episode 350 of The Seen and the Unseen. 50. Manmohan Singh: India's Finest Talent Scout -- Shruti Rajagopalan. 51. The Importance of the 1991 Reforms — Episode 237 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan and Ajay Shah). 52. The Life and Times of Montek Singh Ahluwalia — Episode 285 of The Seen and the Unseen. 53. The Forgotten Greatness of PV Narasimha Rao — Episode 283 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Vinay Sitapati). 54. India's Massive Pensions Crisis — Episode 347 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ajay Shah & Renuka Sane). 55. The Life and Times of KP Krishnan — Episode 355 of The Seen and the Unseen. 56. Breaking Through — Isher Judge Ahluwalia. 57. Breaking Out — Padma Desai. 58. Perestroika in Perspective -- Padma Desai. 59. Shephali Bhatt Is Searching for the Incredible — Episode 391 of The Seen and the Unseen. 60. Pics from the Seen-Unseen party. 61. Pramod Varma on India's Digital Empowerment -- Episode 50 of Brave New World. 59. Niranjan Rajadhyaksha Is the Impartial Spectator — Episode 388 of The Seen and the Unseen. 60. Our Parliament and Our Democracy — Episode 253 of The Seen and the Unseen (w MR Madhavan). 61. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Pranay Kotasthane: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. 62. The Overton Window. 63. When Ideas Have Sex -- Matt Ridley. 64. The Three Languages of Politics — Arnold Kling. 65. Arnold Kling and the Four Languages of Politics -- Episode 394 of The Seen and the Unseen. 66. The Double ‘Thank You' Moment — John Stossel. 67. Economic growth is enough and only economic growth is enough — Lant Pritchett with Addison Lewis. 68. What is Libertarianism? — Episode 117 of The Seen and the Unseen (w David Boaz). 69. What Does It Mean to Be Libertarian? — Episode 64 of The Seen and the Unseen. 70. The Libertarian Mind: A Manifesto for Freedom -- David Boaz. 71. Publish and Perish — Agnes Callard. 72. Classical Liberal Institute. 73. Shruti Rajagopalan's YouTube talk on constitutional amendments. 74. What I, as a development economist, have been actively “for” -- Lant Pritchett. 75. Can Economics Become More Reflexive? — Vijayendra Rao. 76. Premature Imitation and India's Flailing State — Shruti Rajagopalan & Alexander Tabarrok. 77. Elite Imitation in Public Policy — Episode 180 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan and Alex Tabarrok). 78. Invisible Infrastructure -- Episode 82 of Everything is Everything. 79. The Sundara Kanda. 80. Devdutt Pattanaik and the Stories That Shape Us -- Episode 404 of The Seen and the Unseen. 81. Y Combinator. 82. Space Fields. 83. Apoorwa Masuk, Onkar Singh Batra, Naman Pushp, Angad Daryani, Deepak VS and Srijon Sarkar. 84. Deepak VS and the Man Behind His Face — Episode 373 of The Seen and the Unseen. 85. You've Got To Hide Your Love Away -- The Beatles. 86. Caste, Capitalism and Chandra Bhan Prasad — Episode 296 of The Seen and the Unseen. 87. Data For India -- Rukmini S's startup. 88. Whole Numbers And Half Truths — Rukmini S. 89. The Moving Curve — Rukmini S's Covid podcast, also on all podcast apps. 90. The Importance of Data Journalism — Episode 196 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rukmini S). 91. Rukmini Sees India's Multitudes — Episode 261 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rukmini S). 92. Prosperiti. 93. This Be The Verse — Philip Larkin. 94. The Dilemma of an Indian Liberal -- Gurcharan Das. 95. Zakir: 1951-2024 -- Shruti Rajagopalan. 96. Dazzling Blue -- Paul Simon, featuring Karaikudi R Mani. 97. John Coltrane, Shakti, Zakir Hussain, Ali Akbar Khan, Pannalal Ghosh, Nikhil Banerjee, Vilayat Khan, Bismillah Khan, Ravi Shankar, Bhimsen Joshi, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Esperanza Spalding, MS Subbulakshmi, Lalgudi Jayaraman, TN Krishnan, Sanjay Subrahmanyan, Ranjani-Gayatri and TM Krishna on Spotify. 98. James Buchanan, Gordon Tullock, Israel Kirzner, Mario Rizzo, Vernon Smith, Thomas Schelling and Ronald Coase. 99. The Calculus of Consent -- James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock. 100. Tim Harford and Martin Wolf. 101. The Shawshank Redemption -- Frank Darabont. 102. The Marriage of Figaro in The Shawshank Redemption. 103. An Equal Music -- Vikram Seth. 104. Beethoven: Symphony No. 7 - Zubin Mehta and the Belgrade Philharmonic. 105. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's violin concertos. 106. Animal Farm -- George Orwell. 107. Down and Out in Paris and London -- George Orwell. 108. Gulliver's Travels -- Jonathan Swift. 109. Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass -- Lewis Carroll. 110. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich -- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. 111. The Gulag Archipelago -- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn. 112. Khosla Ka Ghosla -- Dibakar Banerjee. 113. Mr India -- Shekhar Kapur. 114. Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi -- Satyen Bose. 114. Finding Nemo -- Andrew Stanton. 115. Tom and Jerry and Bugs Bunny. 116. Michael Madana Kama Rajan -- Singeetam Srinivasa Rao. 117. The Music Box, with Laurel and Hardy. 118. The Disciple -- Chaitanya Tamhane. 119. Court -- Chaitanya Tamhane. 120. Dwarkesh Patel on YouTube. Amit Varma and Ajay Shah have launched a new course called Life Lessons, which aims to be a launchpad towards learning essential life skills all of you need. For more details, and to sign up, click here. Amit and Ajay also bring out a weekly YouTube show, Everything is Everything. Have you watched it yet? You must! And have you read Amit's newsletter? Subscribe right away to The India Uncut Newsletter! It's free! Also check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. Episode art: ‘Learn' by Simahina.

Welcome to Top of the Morning by Mint, your weekday newscast that brings you five major stories from the world of business. It's Thursday, January 9, 2025. This is Nelson John, let's get started. India's manufacturing sector is facing a slowdown, weighing heavily on economic growth. Manufacturing growth slipped to 2.2% in the second quarter of this fiscal year, a sharp decline from 7% in the first quarter. This slump dragged overall industry performance, pulling GDP growth down to 5.4%, compared to 8.1% in the same quarter last year. The primary driver of this slowdown is a significant drop in urban demand. City dwellers, burdened by stagnant wages and rising food prices, are cutting back on spending. While rural demand shows signs of recovery, it's insufficient to offset the urban slump. Adding to the woes, exports grew at a modest 2.8%, and the heavy monsoon season disrupted power generation and mining activity.The government remains hopeful, though, viewing the slowdown as temporary and expecting a rebound in power and mining post-monsoon. In today's Primer, N. Madhavan explains why a quick revival in consumer demand is crucial to reignite economic momentum. India faces a stark water crisis, with some regions grappling with floods while others endure severe droughts. To address this imbalance, the government is adopting a dual strategy—supplementing the traditional inter-state river-linking approach with localized intra-state projects. This aims to redistribute surplus water more effectively to arid regions. Currently, over 60% of India's districts are categorized as high-risk for climate-related disasters such as floods and droughts, according to Puja Das. In response, the central government is encouraging states to develop their own intra-state river-linking proposals. This initiative complements the ongoing Ken-Betwa Link Project, India's flagship inter-state river-linking venture. Noida-based Astrotalk has skillfully brought the ancient practice of astrology into the digital age, capitalizing on its deep-rooted influence in Indian daily life. The platform connects over 41,000 astrologers with more than 450,000 users. Astrotalk's financials reflect its success, with revenues soaring to ₹651 crore and profits reaching ₹100 crore in a single fiscal year. The company's growth has been fuelled by a $30 million venture capital injection, pushing its valuation to $300 million. However, challenges have also emerged. A recent shift in the platform's revenue-sharing model has sparked discontent among astrologers. While earnings were initially split equally, Astrotalk now retains a larger share of revenue from the initial minutes of consultations, reports Samiksha Goel. This change has left some astrologers feeling like they're operating in a call center, incentivized to prolong conversations to secure fair payouts. The pressure has strained relationships, with some astrologers walking away, frustrated by what they perceive as a shift from genuine astrological guidance to profit-driven dynamics.The Indian government is rolling out a strategy to transform the northern region into a manufacturing hub, aiming to boost economic growth and reduce regional disparities. Spearheaded by the Prime Minister's Office, the initiative focuses on driving significant infrastructure investment and implementing policies to promote regional manufacturing equity. At the heart of the plan is the ₹10,037 crore Uttar Poorva Transformative Industrialization Scheme (UNNATI—2024), a decade-long program designed to incentivize industries across North India. Key regions such as Kanpur, once hailed as the 'Manchester of the East,' and Jammu & Kashmir, known for its rich crafts and agricultural produce, are central to this effort. The initiative seeks to leverage the untapped potential of these regions to address the stark economic divide between northern and southern states—a disparity that has led states like Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu to question the fairness of federal financial allocations.Major players in Indian industry, including Hindustan Unilever, Bharti Enterprises, and the Tata Group, are refocusing on their core business areas. This strategic shift aims to sharpen their competitive edge, reduce debt, and enhance shareholder value. Devarajan Nambakam of Goldman Sachs told Priyamvada C. that high-interest rates and the potential to unlock value from mature investments are key drivers of this trend. He anticipates this focus on core strengths will persist well into 2025 as companies navigate a rapidly evolving economic landscape.For example, Adani Enterprises recently divested its stake in a joint FMCG venture, and Bharti Enterprises exited its food business. Such moves allow companies to redirect resources toward their primary operations, where they foresee the greatest growth and stability.

BROWNSVILLE, Texas - In our latest episode on how to avoid the next coronavirus, through the lens of Dr. Madhavan A. Pisharodi, we discuss bats and rats.Pisharodi is a neurosurgeon who has been practicing in Brownsville, Texas for the last 31 years. Although a medical physician, some people might mistake him for an engineer, given the number of patents he has been issued. Outside of the medical field, he has been issued four patents for solar panels, nine for designing an energy saving and device-protecting battery charger, and two for a sub-mechanical vibration device for pain management. He has several patents pending for renewable energy systems such as wind turbine and hydroelectric projects. Dr. Pisharodi's current focus is defeating the next coronavirus pandemic. He says this will not be done by sticking to “band aid” solutions such testing, counting, forcing lockdown, social distancing and wearing masks. He has penned a book on the subject, titled “Corona: Be Not Proud.” He has given the Rio Grande Guardian a series of in-depth interview about the book and his four and half years of research.In the latest episode, via an audio podcast, Pisharodi discusses bats and rats.“One of the chapters (in my book) is the revenge of the bats, how we invaded their housing,” Pisharodi said.“Bats and rats together form about 50 percent of the mammalians on this planet, rats and bats. And the rats are more than the bats. “But anyway, bats have the unique quality of being very resistant to the viruses, and 30 percent of their viral load is coronavirus. And so we went and irritated them by doing things, experimenting with them, and they are having a revenge on us now. So that's what one of the chapters is all about.”Go to www.riograndeguardian.com to read the latest border news stories and watch the latest news videos.

In this episode of The Brand Called You, Guru Madhavan, Sr. Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, discussed his career trajectory and key influences. He highlighted three inflection points: his early morning discipline from assisting his grandfather in a village temple, his engineering education emphasizing systems thinking, and a transformative anthropology course in grad school. Madhavan's diverse experiences include working in various industries, developing biomedical instruments, and leading vaccine development during crises like Ebola and Zika. He emphasized the importance of systems engineering, interdisciplinary thinking, and addressing "wicked problems" through a holistic, generative approach. 00:51- About Guru Madhavan Guru Madhavan is the inaugural Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and senior director of programs of the National Academy of Engineering. He is also founding director of the Forum on Complex Unifiable Systems (FOCUS). He has served as a technical advisor to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the European Union Malaria Fund. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/tbcy/support

The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Ninth Amendment) Bill, 2024, introduced in the Lok Sabha on December 17, 2024, mandates a fixed five-year term for the Lok Sabha, with State Legislature elections aligned to this cycle. If the Lok Sabha or any State Assembly is dissolved before completing its full term, mid-term elections will be held only for the remainder of the five-year term. Should legislatures in India have fixed tenures? Here we discuss the question. Guests: P.D.T. Achary, Former Secretary General of the Lok Sabha; M.R. Madhavan, Co-founder and president of the PRS Legislative Research Host: Aaratrika Bhaumik Edited by Jude Francis Weston

The new Indian film, SHAITAAN (2024), the Hindi word for demon, follows the home invasion film, but with a twist. The movie is a remake of a 2023 film entitled VASH, oddly starring the same actress Janki Bodiwala. Netflix picked this new version up and released it in March.When a family of four head to their rural vacation home, they stop at a rest area to grab some food. When the counter clerk can't take cash, a friendly man in line pays for their meal. Unfortunately the friendly stranger has his eyes upon the teenage daughter. And his kindness soon turns into a nefarious plot.SHAITAAN stars Janki Bodiwala along with Ajay Devgn, Anngad Raaj, Jyothika, and R. Madhavan as the stranger. The movie has received mixed to low reviews by both critics and audiences alike. However, it has gotten a bit of buzz from horror audiences looking for something different upon an old story line. Your cohosts take a look at this recently released film and gives their thoughts.

Welcome to Top of the Morning by Mint, your weekday newscast that brings you five major stories from the world of business. It's Monday, December 2, 2024. This is Nelson John, let's get started.India's market regulator, Sebi, recently restricted three unregistered online bond platforms from offering privately placed unlisted NCDs to the public. Anshika Kayastha and Neha Joshi write that Sebi has taken this decision due to violations of regulations, which classify any issue with over 200 investors as a public issue. This crackdown was driven by concerns over investor protection and the risks associated with high-yield products. Online platforms often blur the lines between private and public offerings, leading to enhanced regulation. India's economy might not be doing so well. The latest GDP growth figures for India indicate a significant slowdown. N. Madhavan writes that latest data shows that growth has now declined for the third consecutive quarter. At 5.4%, it is much lower than 8.1% in the same quarter last year. This downturn is attributed to lower private consumption, investment, and exports. However, the agricultural sector showed a 3.5% increase, showing some positive signs. A weakening rupee could dampen the Indian economy's spirits. Economists have already revised their GDP growth estimates downwards, with a consensus of around 6% for the current financial year.Large companies can always be seen clamouring for government subsidies to help their business. The central government's production-linked incentive scheme was supposed to do just that. The idea was simple: meet certain manufacturing targets, and collect your subsidy. It was successful across many industries such as automobiles, solar and electronics. However, recent disbursals have decimated from ₹10,000 crore in 2023-24 to around ₹1,000 crore this year. Our partners at How India Lives . com write that the textile sector in particular is struggling. Firms aren't able to meet production targets, leading to fewer scheme grants. Will India's manufacturing industry be able to pick itself up?A good logo isn't just a symbol — it embodies a brand's identity and values. Every now and then, companies will refresh their brands to stay relevant — and appeal to the consumers of the day. However, should you go to an extreme like Tata Group-owned Jaguar did recently? Gaurav Laghate writes that Jaguar's rebrand illustrates the risks and rewards of a minimalist logo and ad campaign that led to widespread backlash. Industry veterans point towards more successful refreshes like that of Porsche's, which was a balance of innovation with heritage. Gaurav adds that while visual identities may evolve every two to three years, major overhauls should be rare and always align with brand strategy.After faltering in China, global luxury brands like Louis Vuitton, Christian Dior, and Hermes were bailed out by wealthy Indians. These companies reported impressive growth numbers from the Indian market, writes Varuni Khosla. In FY24, Louis Vuitton India saw an income rise of nearly 13%, while Christian Dior's revenue surged by 45%. However, not all brands are thriving: Reliance Brands reported increased revenue but also a 55% rise in losses. FY25 started off on a challenging note due to a blistering summer and elections, which reduced walk-in traffic at stores. The luxury market in India is expected to reach around $30 billion by 2030, and these brands are waiting for the boom eagerly.

New York City is the perfect place to understand the importance of modern engineering, but the most valuable lessons won't be found at the Empire State Building or in Central Park. To truly discover what makes modern life tick, you have to look at the unloved, uncelebrated elements of New York: its sewers, bridges, and elevators.  On this episode, host Lisa Margonelli talks to Guru Madhavan, the Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and senior director of programs at the National Academy of Engineering. Madhavan wrote about the history of this often-overlooked infrastructure in a trilogy of Issues essays about New York City's history. He talks about how the invention of the elevator brake enabled the construction of skyscrapers and how the detailed “grind work” of maintenance keeps grand projects like the Bayonne Bridge functioning. He also highlights the public health and sanitation-centered vision of Egbert Viele—the nearly forgotten engineer who made New York City livable.  Resources:  Read Guru Madhavan's New York Trilogy: “The Greatest Show on Earth” about the invention of the elevator brake. “The Grind Challenges” about the Bayonne Bridge and maintenance grind work.  “Living in Viele's World” about the contrast between Egbert Viele's and Frederick Law Olmsted's competing visions of New York City. Learn more about the invisible work that undergirds modern life by checking out Madhavan's latest book, Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World.  Read the 2019 article Madhavan cites about how engineering benefits society.  Lisa mentioned riding on a tugboat pushing a barge full of petroleum, but she misremembered!  The repairs were then occurring on the Goethals Bridge, not the Bayonne. Here's the whole story of “A Dangerous Move” from the New York Times. 

In this special check-in episode of the Irish Stew Podcast, host Martin Nutty welcomes back author Cauvery Madhavan to discuss her new novel, 'The Inheritance.' Cauvery shares the inspiration behind the novel, which weaves together stories from the Tudor conquest of Ireland and the more recent 1980s. Set in the Beara Peninsula, a place close to Cauvery's heart, the book explores themes of history, place, and identity while touching on the struggles of everyday people during turbulent times. The episode provides insights into the writing process, the research involved, and Cauvery's personal connection to the setting of the novel.The InheritanceIt's 1986 and 29-year-old Marlo O'Sullivan of London-Irish stock has just found out that his sister is his mother. To steady his life, he moves to Glengarriff, to a cottage he has inherited, in the stunning Beara Peninsula. When a neighbour dies unexpectedly, Marlo takes over his minibus service to Cork. There is nothing regular about the regulars on the bus – especially Sully, a non-verbal 6 year old, who goes nowhere but does the journey back and forth every day, on his own. Marlo is landed with this a strange but compassionate arrangement, fashioned to give the child's mother respite from his care. Sully's obsession with an imaginary friend in the ancient oak forests of Glengarriff slowly unveils its terrible secrets – a 400-hundred-year-old tragedy reveals itself.LinksWebsiteThe InheritanceOriginal Irish Stew Episode (July 2021)

Inside Books is a regular popular author interview podcast presented by Breda Brown. In this episode Breda is in conversation with Cavuery Madhavan, the Indian born writer living in Ireland who uses her experience of being a migrant in her writing.

एक वोट, एक मूल्य ये प्रजातंत्र का मूल सिद्धांत है। इसी बात को ध्यान में रखते हुए, बदलती जनसंख्या के साथ लोकसभा की सीटों का बंटवारा भी बदलने की व्यवस्था हमारे संविधान में की गयी थी। हर दशकीय जनगणना के बाद जनसंख्या के अनुपात में सीटों का बंटवारा होना था। लेकिन, इमरजेंसी के दौरान इस व्यवस्था को पच्चीस सालों के लिए स्थगित कर दिया गया।  २००१ में इस बंटवारे को २०२६ तक टाल दिया गया। अब २०२६ नज़दीक आ रहा है। इसके साथ ही जिन राज्यों में जनसँख्या घटी है, उन राज्यों में लोकसभा के सीटें कम हो जाने का डर एक राजकीय मुद्दा बनकर उभर रहा है। इस ज्वलंत मुद्दे को कैसे समझें? क्या हम किसी समाधान पर पहुँच सकते हैं? चलिए, इसी पर आज की पुलियाबाज़ी करते हैं।  One vote, one value is the basic principle of democracy. Hence, Article 81 of the Indian Constitution mandated a regular redistribution of Lok Sabha seats with changing population. After every decennial census, seats were to be reallocated amongst states in proportion to the population, so that the weight of every vote remains more or less the same across the country. However, during the Emergency, this exercise was postponed for twenty-five years. In 2001, it was further postponed till 2026. Now, as 2026 is approaching, delimitation has become a political issue especially in the southern states which stand to lose seats owing to their reduced population. What can be the potential solutions to this? How can we reallocate seats so that we respect the ‘One Vote, One Value' principle, while improving overall governance? We discuss:* One person, one vote* Historical background* Concentration of political power* The extent of malapportionment * Alternatives for new apportionment* Can actual voters be a criteria for seat apportionment?* Possible solution* Strengthening the Upper House * Vertical Devolution Please Note: Puliyabaazi is also available on Youtube in Video format. Please check out Puliyabaazi Hindi Podcast Youtube channel if you have not done so. Readings:India's Emerging Crisis of Representation by Milan Vaishnav and Jamie Hintson The States in Parliament by Lalit Panda and Ritwika Sharma, Vidhi Centre for Legal PolicyTSATU: Shruti Rajagopalan Dives Into DelimitationRelated Puliyabaazi:संसद को सुदृढ़ कैसे करें? Strengthening India's Parliament Ft. M. R. Madhavanसंसद के अंदर. Understanding the Indian Parliament.If you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at puliyabaazi@gmail.com. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.substack:Website: https://puliyabaazi.inHosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeTwitter: @puliyabaazi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

Cauvery Madhavan talks about her life and how and why she set her latest novel The Inheritance on the beautiful Beara peninsula.

I recently spoke with my good friend, Guru Madhavan, on our podcast, AMSEcast. Guru, the Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, was in Oak Ridge to accept the AMSE Foundation's inaugural National Award of Excellence given at our annual Gala. In our conversation we focused on his newest book titled Wicked Problems: How to Engineer A Better World.

Welcome to the Millennial Millionaire Podcast! Join your host, Step Cohen, as we dive into captivating conversations with some of the world's most inspiring minds. Our mission is to empower Millennials and those young at heart to elevate their mindset, health, and income. In this episode, we have a phenomenal guest, Suresh Madhavan, the co-founder and CEO of 221B Tactical. Sesh is a podcast host of "Ultimate Ambitions," a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu purple belt, physician, biochemist, and an all-around dynamic individual. We delve into Sesh's fascinating journey from a medical career to becoming a police officer, and eventually an entrepreneur who identified and solved a critical need in law enforcement equipment. Explore Suresh insights on the transition from the comfort of a 9-to-5 job to the world of entrepreneurship, and how he turned a personal pain point into a thriving business. This episode is packed with actionable advice on overcoming the myth of job security, creating secondary income sources, and the importance of having a tactical mindset in life and business. Get inspired by Suresh's approach to mentorship and the lessons he learned from his billionaire mentor. Learn how to value your time and live in abundance with a mindset that aligns your actions with your ultimate goals. For anyone striving to push their limits, improve themselves, and seize their dreams, this episode is a must-listen. Tune in to discover how to do hard things, embrace accountability, and forge a path to success.

Cauvery Madhavan talks about Mulk Raj Anand, Amitav Ghosh, Khalil Gibran and more as she talks to Ruth McKee about starting school early, a tragedy in her life, and moving to Ireland when she was 23. Discover the books she'd save if her house was on fire in the latest episode of Burning Books.   Cauvery Madhavan was born in India and moved to Ireland thirty-three years ago. She is the author of Paddy Indian, The Uncoupling, and The Tainted. Her latest novel, The Inheritance (HopeRoad Publishing), is out now.

Tale of Abbas & Madhavan

Rajeev Madhavan, Founder and General Partner at Clear Ventures, discusses how he is investing in AI startups and what he is learning from the market.

Hannah & Rose discuss the 2003 film Anbe Sivam about two men who meet while traveling and the journey they have along the way. This film is directed by Sundar C with songs by Vidyasagar. It stars Kamal Haasan, Madhavan and Kiran Rathod. Recommended for advanced viewers. Rated for older children. Other names mentioned in … Continue reading "Episode 75: Anbe Sivam"

Welcome to Khandaan: A Bollywood Podcast where we're discussing one of the greats — RANG DE BASANTI (2006). Directed by Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra, this movie stars Aamir Khan, Siddharth, Atul Kulkarni, Sharman Joshi, Kunal Kapoor, Alice Patten, Soha Ali Khan, Waheeda Rehman, and Madhavan among others. With music by AR Rahman and lyrics by Prasoon Joshi, this is also one of the great albums of the past 20 years. In this episode we discuss the impact of this movie and what has changed in the time since it released. We examine how we feel about this movie as a piece of cinema as well as a piece of politics after these many years. Chapters 00:00- Introduction and Twitter Discussions 08:04- The Role of Rang De Basanti in Indian Cinema 13:51- The Changing Political Landscape and Social Media 30:22- Transitional Politics and Co-opting of History 49:51- Cinematography and Visual Aesthetics 56:31- Cost-Cutting and Filmmaking Choices 01:07:52- Queer Coding and LGBTQ+ Representation 01:09:15- The Impact of the Music 01:22:20- Political Commentary and Contemporary Relevance   Shownotes: Here are some of the other podcast we have been on recently: Hanisha's Making Things Happen Podcast Asian Network Bollywood Ultimate 90s Bollywood Asian Network News Presents: 90s Bollywood Follow us on Socials: Amrita, Sujoy, Asim YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Tik Tok Sujoy's Instagram  Amrita's YouTube Book Channel- Amrita By The Book You can listen to Khandaan- A Bollywood Podcast episodes on the following apps: Apple Podcast Spotify Jio Saavn Deezer Audible Amazon Music Omny iHeart TuneIn  

Speaking to us during a visit for our Energy and Elements 2024 Gala the  Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs, National Academy of Engineering spoke to us about his most recent book: Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World.

Director Jithu Madhavan on Club FM Star Jam with RJ Rafi

The year is 2009 and the movies are period pieces. First up it's '3 Idiots,' and the period examined is just a few years ago, when stars R. Madhavan and Sharman Joshi go to college and there meet Aamir Khan, a charismatic Mary Poppins type. Rajkumar's Hirani's film was a giant success in India, and we discuss some of its crossover appeal in light of other Bollywood (and Tollywood) imports. Then we move on to 'Me and Orson Welles,' Richard Linklater's look at the Mercury Theater in New York City in the 1930s. Zac Efron takes on Christian McKay's Welles in the battle for charismatic supremacy and the company of Claire Danes. Hosted by Brad Garoon & Jake Ziegler  Other movies discussed in this episode: Revanche (2008), Adventureland (2009), An Education (2009), A Serious Man (2009), Avatar (2009), Away We Go (2009), Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009), The Hurt Locker (2009), I Love You Man (2009), The Informant! (2009), Inglourious Basterds (2009), Mary and Max (2009), Moon (2009), The Messenger (2009), Up (2009), Up in the Air (2009), Mank (2020), The Greatest Beer Run Ever (2022), and Ricky Stanicky (2024). 

Peoples & Things host, Lee Vinsel, talks with Guru Madhavan, Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, about his recent book, Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World (W. W. Norton & Company, 2024). In Wicked Problems, Madhavan draws on a rich body of literature from the humanities and social sciences to think through how engineers can do a better job working on problems that include complex social and technical realities. The pair also talk about how Madhavan came to the National Academy of Engineering after working as an engineer and entrepreneur and some of his future work, including ongoing writing on the importance of maintenance and “grind problems” in engineering. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Peoples & Things host, Lee Vinsel, talks with Guru Madhavan, Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, about his recent book, Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World (W. W. Norton & Company, 2024). In Wicked Problems, Madhavan draws on a rich body of literature from the humanities and social sciences to think through how engineers can do a better job working on problems that include complex social and technical realities. The pair also talk about how Madhavan came to the National Academy of Engineering after working as an engineer and entrepreneur and some of his future work, including ongoing writing on the importance of maintenance and “grind problems” in engineering. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science

Peoples & Things host, Lee Vinsel, talks with Guru Madhavan, Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, about his recent book, Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World (W. W. Norton & Company, 2024). In Wicked Problems, Madhavan draws on a rich body of literature from the humanities and social sciences to think through how engineers can do a better job working on problems that include complex social and technical realities. The pair also talk about how Madhavan came to the National Academy of Engineering after working as an engineer and entrepreneur and some of his future work, including ongoing writing on the importance of maintenance and “grind problems” in engineering. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/economics

Peoples & Things host, Lee Vinsel, talks with Guru Madhavan, Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, about his recent book, Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World (W. W. Norton & Company, 2024). In Wicked Problems, Madhavan draws on a rich body of literature from the humanities and social sciences to think through how engineers can do a better job working on problems that include complex social and technical realities. The pair also talk about how Madhavan came to the National Academy of Engineering after working as an engineer and entrepreneur and some of his future work, including ongoing writing on the importance of maintenance and “grind problems” in engineering. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science-technology-and-society

Peoples & Things host, Lee Vinsel, talks with Guru Madhavan, Norman R. Augustine Senior Scholar and Senior Director of Programs at the National Academy of Engineering, about his recent book, Wicked Problems: How to Engineer a Better World (W. W. Norton & Company, 2024). In Wicked Problems, Madhavan draws on a rich body of literature from the humanities and social sciences to think through how engineers can do a better job working on problems that include complex social and technical realities. The pair also talk about how Madhavan came to the National Academy of Engineering after working as an engineer and entrepreneur and some of his future work, including ongoing writing on the importance of maintenance and “grind problems” in engineering. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/technology

Towells, Jake & Seb are joined by journalist & Manchester City fan Rahul Madhavan to preview Manchester City v Arsenal, a game which could prove season-defining for both sides.Thanks to Rahul for joining us! You can find him on twitter @rahul_madh.In the podcast we referenced a graph by @analystshlok which showed Arsenal's dominance in second balls this season. You can find it here: https://twitter.com/AnalystShlok/status/1772655098054725964?t=nC0qxmULtu_AIyjUOlNOFw&s=19Please subscribe to the pod to never miss an episode, tell your friends to listen if you like it, and leave us a review to let us know what you think! It really helps us out.If you want to send us any questions, or keep up with all things Pot Shot, you can find us on Twitter & Instagram @potshotpod, as well as on Bluesky @potshotpod.bsky.social. Feel free to ping us a DM (or an email via potshotpod@gmail.com)!Follow the Pot Shot Crew on Twitter! (Not "X". We will never call it "X".)Alex: @alexfrcoJake: @JakeWFoxLorcan: @Lxwrites1Manas: @watmanAFCSeb: @Eulenberg_Towells: @alextowellsYou can find us on the vast majority of good podcast platforms. We'll never say "all" in case we're missing one somehow. If you want to know exactly what podcast platforms we can be found on, you can do so at https://podfollow.com/the-pot-shot-podcast/viewAll music included in the podcast is made by James Blake. He's on all sensible music platforms as JWBlake - you can find his Spotify here: https://open.spotify.com/artist/3XQQbNzsMSiESzHz0qA4r8?si=koS6oXNfSL6SJn3oIR1cxA Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Shaitaan Trailer Reaction with Kathy, Melanie, Amit and Lara!  Hindi | Ajay Devgn | R Madhavan  | Jyotika! It's a full house of movie fans for this one! Kathy is joined by Melanie @PardesiReviews , Amit @D54pod and Lara, a favorite guest, to react to Shaitaan,  an upcomingHindi supernatural horror thriller directed by Vikas Bahl and produced under Devgn Films, Jio Studios, and Panorama Studios. The film stars Ajay Devgn, R. Madhavan, Jyothika, Janki Bodiwala and Anngad Raaj. It is a remake of the 2023 Gujarati film Vash.#shaitaan #ajaydevgan #rmadhvan #jyohika #jankibodiwala #horrorGet early access to these reviews by joining Patreon or our YouTube channel! YouTube Membershiphttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvt8UhKoTahIIRGIwxzUVVA/joinPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/CinemondoPodcastJoin this channel to get access to fun perks like exclusive content and private Discord channel!:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvt8UhKoTahIIRGIwxzUVVA/joinOfficial Swag https://shop.spreadshirt.com/cinemondoNew videos daily!!Subscribe for the latest movie reviewshttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvt8UhKoTahIIRGIwxzUVVA?sub_confirmation=1

Experience the chilling depths of 'Shaitaan' where R. Madhavan, in a standout performance, portrays an intruder from hell. Unravel the dark narrative as Vanraj, a black magic connoisseur, inflicts unimaginable torment on a hapless family. Director Vikas Bahl explores the eerie atmosphere of a farmhouse, echoing classic horror tropes. As parental love clashes with supernatural horrors, 'Shaitaan' takes you on a rollercoaster of fear and suspense. Is the family able to replicate the terror we see in their eyes, to the one the audience feels while watching the same? Follow Us Onhttp://instagram.com/filmcompanionhttps://www.twitter.com/filmcompanion⁠ ⁠⁠⁠https://www.facebook.com/filmcompanion⁠Find us on YouTube:⁠https://www.youtube.com/@FilmCompanion⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@FilmCompanionSouth⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@FilmCompanionLocal⁠https://www.youtube.com/@ReviewsandMore.⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@FilmCompanionShorts

My guest today is Madhavan Ramanujam. Madhavan quite literally wrote the book on how to price products. It's called “Monetizing Innovations” and his concepts have been used by companies across the world like Porsche, Uber, LinkedIn, and SuperHuman. Our conversation is a masterclass on pricing. We discuss common mistakes when pricing products, why you need to focus on benefits rather than features, and how to pick the right monetization model. Please enjoy my conversation with Madhavan Ramanujam. Listen to Founders podcast. For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here. ----- This episode is brought to you by Tegus. Tegus is the modern research platform for leading investors, and provider of Canalyst. Tired of calculating fully diluted shares outstanding? Access every publicly-reported data point and industry-specific KPI through their database of over 4,000 drivable global models hand-built by a team of sector-focused analysts, 35+ industry comp sheets, and Excel add-ins that let you use their industry-leading data in your own spreadsheets. Tegus' models automatically update each quarter, including hard-to-calculate KPIs like stock-based compensation and organic growth rates, empowering investors to bypass the friction of sourcing, building, and updating models. Make efficiency your competitive advantage and take back your time today. As a listener, you can trial Canalyst by Tegus for free by visiting tegus.co/patrick. ----- Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.  Past guests include Tobi Lutke, Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger, John Collison, Kat Cole, Marc Andreessen, Matthew Ball, Bill Gurley, Anu Hariharan, Ben Thompson, and many more. Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here. Follow us on Twitter: @patrick_oshag | @JoinColossus Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com). Show Notes [00:00:00] Welcome to Invest Like the Best [00:02:48] First question - How he arrived at a radically different way of building products [00:05:07] An example of coming up with a price before the product [00:08:35] Distinctions between a willingness to pay and positive feedback  [00:10:29] How to make sure you're talking to the right potential customer in the first place [00:13:32] Productizing for different customer segments  [00:16:16] Questions companies should be asking to get accurate feedback [00:21:18] What he's learned about the motivations of potential buyers [00:22:43] What leaders, killers, and fillers are [00:24:37] Some of the biggest mistakes companies make while following his formula [00:25:35] A rule of thumb for what is a benefit versus a feature [00:27:35] Five distinct pricing models for charging a customer [00:30:46] Whether or not the value piece of all of this revolves around time and money [00:33:27] What he tells entrepreneurs about pricing their products that most surprises them  [00:35:16] Defining the first four categories of failure  [00:40:13] Reasons why so many innovations fail to monetize and pricing being a CEO topic [00:41:51] Good rules that leaders can use to have a general sense for effective pricing  [00:47:38] Behavioral changes and observations as the absolute price move up and down  [00:50:36] Is there a pricing genius we should take note of? [00:53:18] The single question every leader should ask themselves [00:53:46] The kindest thing anyone has ever done for him

Suresh Madhavan is the Founder and CEO of 221B Tactical, a company that specializes in high-quality, custom tactical gear and apparel. He is based in New York, New York, United States. In addition to his role at 221B Tactical, Madhavan is also the host of the podcast “Ultimate Ambitions” and is recognized as an expert in body armor and tactical gear manufacturing. His mission is to help people become more capable assets and less of a liability to themselves and those around them through his designs and exclusive tactical training. His philosophy is to consistently under-promise and over-deliver. Before founding 221B Tactical, Madhavan served as a police officer for 13 years. His experiences in law enforcement led him to invent The Maxx-Dri Vest for body armor ventilation. This invention aimed to keep police officers more comfortable, focused, and safer while on the job. Today, hundreds of thousands of Police Officers, First Responders, and Military personnel are wearing a Maxx-Dri Vest every day.   Follow Suresh: https://www.instagram.com/suresh_actual https://www.instagram.com/221btactical . . TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 - Highlights 00:56 - Intro 03:16 - 221B Name Meaning 12:47 - Faith, Family & Freedom 23:34 - Growing Up With a Single Mother 31:15 - Avoiding the System 51:07 - Tactical Game Plan 56:39 - 221B Tactical Emergency Kits . .

Suresh Madhavan is the Founder and CEO of 221B Tactical, a company that specializes in high-quality, custom tactical gear and apparel. He is based in New York, New York, United States. In addition to his role at 221B Tactical, Madhavan is also the host of the podcast “Ultimate Ambitions” and is recognized as an expert in body armor and tactical gear manufacturing. His mission is to help people become more capable assets and less of a liability to themselves and those around them through his designs and exclusive tactical training. His philosophy is to consistently under-promise and over-deliver. Before founding 221B Tactical, Madhavan served as a police officer for 13 years. His experiences in law enforcement led him to invent The Maxx-Dri Vest for body armor ventilation. This invention aimed to keep police officers more comfortable, focused, and safer while on the job. Today, hundreds of thousands of Police Officers, First Responders, and Military personnel are wearing a Maxx-Dri Vest every day.   Follow Suresh: https://www.instagram.com/suresh_actual https://www.instagram.com/221btactical . . TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 - Highlights 00:54 - Go Above And Beyond 10:32 - Taking Action & Seeking For Knowledge 18:17 - Taking Control & Building Wealth 29:40 - 221B Tactical 48:53 - Jiu Jitsu 51:25 - Police Academy 56:44 - Membership 01:06:31 - Building a Community . .

India has travelled a long way in the last few decades -- and one man had an inside view of the whole process, shaping policy and trying to fix the nation. KP Krishnan joins Amit Varma in episode 355 of The Seen and the Unseen to talk about his extraordinary life and learnings. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out: 1. KP Krishnan at Centre for Policy Research.. 2. KP Krishnan interviewed in CPR Perspectives by Rohan Venkat: Part 1, Part 2. 3. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Ajay Shah: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. 4. The Importance of the 1991 Reforms — Episode 237 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan and Ajay Shah). 5. India's Lost Decade — Episode 116 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Puja Mehra). 6. The Forgotten Greatness of PV Narasimha Rao — Episode 283 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Vinay Sitapati). 7. The Life and Times of Montek Singh Ahluwalia — Episode 285 of The Seen and the Unseen. 8. India's Massive Pensions Crisis -- Episode 347 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ajay Shah & Renuka Sane). 9. Taking Stock of Our Economy (May 2021) — Episode 227 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ila Patnaik). 10. What a Long Strange Trip It's Been — Episode 188 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Arvind Subramanian). 11. Josh Felman Tries to Make Sense of the World -- Episode 321 of The Seen and the Unseen. 12. The Tragedy of Our Farm Bills — Episode 211 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ajay Shah). 13. The Art and Science of Economic Policy — Episode 154 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Vijay Kelkar & Ajay Shah). 14.  In Service of the Republic — Vijay Kelkar & Ajay Shah. 15. The Steady Determination of Yamini Aiyar — Episode 341 of The Seen and the Unseen. 16. The Lost Decade -- Puja Mehra. 17. Why Freedom Matters — Episode 10 of Everything is Everything, hosted by Amit Varma and Ajay Shah. 18. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Ramachandra Guha: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 19. Ivan Menezes (1959-2023): A personal recollection of his journey -- Arvind Subramanian. 20. College pedigree, daddy's name, BBC accent no longer golden ticket. India has a growing new elite -- Shekhar Gupta. 21. Memoirs of a Maverick -- Mani Shankar Aiyar. 22. Why Talent Comes in Clusters -- Episode 8 of Everything is Everything, hosted by Amit Varma and Ajay Shah. 23. KM Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra. 24. Rustom -- Tinu Suresh Desai. 25. Kesavananda Bharati v. The State of Kerala Who Wins? -- PK Tripathi. 26. The Rooted Cosmopolitanism of Sugata Srinivasaraju — Episode 277 of The Seen and the Unseen. 27. The China Model is Broken -- Episode 16 of  Everything is Everything, hosted by Amit Varma and Ajay Shah. 28. Early Indians — Episode 112 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Tony Joseph). 29. Early Indians — Tony Joseph. 30. Who We Are and How We Got Here — David Reich. 31. The Incredible Insights of Timur Kuran -- Episode 349 of The Seen and the Unseen. 32. The Gita Press and Hindu Nationalism — Episode 139 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Akshaya Mukul). 33. Gita Press and the Making of Hindu India -- Akshaya Mukul. 34. Hindi Against India: The Meaning of DMK -- Mohan Ram. 35. Governments across the world are discovering “homeland economics” -- Callum Williams. 36. Living Two Lives in Digital India -- Santosh Desai. 37. Rahul Matthan on Twitter, Amazon, LinkedIn and Trilegal. 38. Climate Change and Our Power Sector — Episode 278 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Akshay Jaitley and Ajay Shah). 39. Ashutosh Salil and the Challenge of Change — Episode 312 of The Seen and the Unseen. 40. Vishnu Sahasranamam - MS Subbulakshmi. 41. Foyle's War -- Created by Anthony Horowitz. 42. Fixing Indian Education — Episode 185 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Karthik Muralidharan). 43. Understanding Indian Healthcare — Episode 225 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Karthik Muralidharan). 44. Karthik Muralidharan Examines the Indian State — Episode 290 of The Seen and the Unseen. 45. The Percy Mistry Report. 46. The Great Redistribution — Amit Varma. 47. The Logic of Collective Action — Mancur Olson. 48. The Alchemy of Finance — George Soros. 49. Amid 2008 meltdown, how short-selling survived a ban --  P Vaidyanathan Iyer. 50. Our Parliament and Our Democracy — Episode 253 of The Seen and the Unseen (w MR Madhavan). 51. Most of Amit Varma's writing on Demonetisation, collected in one Twitter thread. 52. We Also Make Policy -- Subhash Chandra Garg. 53. Parkinson's Law. 54. Shashank Subramanyam, N Ramani and RK Srikantan on Spotify. 55. The Truth Pill -- Dinesh Thakur and Prashant Reddy. 56. The Dark Side of Indian Pharma — Episode 245 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Dinesh Thakur). 57. The Third Way: India's Revolutionary Approach to Data Governance -- Rahul Matthan. 58. Whole Numbers And Half Truths -- Rukmini S. 59. The Importance of Data Journalism — Episode 196 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rukmini S). 60. Rukmini Sees India's Multitudes — Episode 261 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rukmini S). 61. VP Menon: The Unsung Architect of Modern India -- Narayani Basu. 62. India's Greatest Civil Servant — Episode 167 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Narayani Basu, on VP Menon). Amit Varma and Ajay Shah have launched a new video podcast. Check out Everything is Everything on YouTube. Check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. And subscribe to The India Uncut Newsletter. It's free! Episode art: ‘A Civil Servant' by Simahina.

Welcome to "Ultimate Ambitions" the show that defies the odds and paves the way for you to become the greatest version of yourself.  My name is Suresh Madhavan. I was born into a world with all of the odds stacked against me. I refused to let my circumstances define my destiny. With a father absent from the start and a single mom guiding my way, I embraced challenges as opportunities to rise. My obstacles became my armor & strength, fueling my vision of building 221B Tactical & reaching financial freedom. Wealth is important, but money is only a small piece of the full puzzle of life.  I believe there are 12 foundations to achieving your Ultimate Ambitions.  Discipline,Fitness,Financial Literacy, Sleep, Diet, Accountability, Ownership, Goal Setting, Networks, Ethics, Mindfulness, & Education.  These foundations will guide us as we interview top performers and impactful thought leaders from all over the world.  Along this road, we'll push each other to grow in each of these 12 foundations, while seizing every opportunity, and extracting every ounce of this journey called life.  So, are you ready to chase your Ultimate Ambitions with me? Let's go!

I had the opportunity to meet, get introduced and have an inspiring chat with the first Woman IPS from South India Dr. Jija Madhavan Harisingh. I hope this conversation will inspire you just like it did for me. Please share your thoughts on Spotify and also connect with me on my Telegram Podcasters Group: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://t.me/+SYHDtmGQRv5lOTA1 ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Connect on Social Media - ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@PahayanMedia on Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠  English Podcast ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Penpositive Outclass English Podcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube Channels ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Pahayan Media Youtube Channel⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠Agile Malayali YouTube Channel⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Penpositive YouTube Channel⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ScrumPositive YouTube Channel⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Agile Indian Hindi Channel⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/pahayan/message

The Gang gets on the cringe wagon and talks of why did the opposition not think of fighting acronym man with acronyms before. Also showcasing how it has rattled the Bhaktverse. Nishant's innocent feelings on Bawaal do not stand the test of time as we release the episode. And we try to figure out why was Madhavan in Paris with Modi Ji.

In a democracy, every vote should be equal. But in India, that's not the case. Shruti Rajagopalan joins Amit Varma in episode 336 of The Seen and the Unseen to give a detailed primer into the complex issue of Delimitation -- and to suggest her own radical solution. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out: 1. Shruti Rajagopalan on Twitter, Substack, Instagram and her podcast, Ideas of India. 2. Demography, Delimitation, and Democracy -- Shruti Rajagopalan's detailed post on Delimitation. 3. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen w Shruti Rajagopalan, in reverse chronological order: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. 4. India's Emerging Crisis of Representation -- Milan Vaishnav and Jamie Hintson. 5. Of Openings and Possibilities -- Pranay Kotasthane on Delimitation. 6. South India Would Like to Have a Word — Episode 320 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Nilakantan RS). 7. Jayaprakash Narayan Wants to Mend Our Democracy -- Episode 334 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Jayaprakash Narayan). 8. The Life and Times of Shanta Gokhale — Episode 311 of The Seen and the Unseen. 9. The Life and Times of Jerry Pinto — Episode 314 of The Seen and the Unseen. 10. Amit Varma on the Creator Economy -- A recent episode of the Ideas of India podcast. 11. Gurwinder Bhogal Examines Human Nature -- Episode 331 of The Seen and the Unseen. 12. The Prism -- Gurwinder Bhogal's Substack newsletter. 13. Public Choice Theory — Episode 121 of The Seen and the Unseen. 14. Public Choice: A Primer — Eomonn Butler. 15. Public Choice -- Politics Without Romance -- James M Buchanan. 16. Politics Without Romance -- Amit Varma's column archives for Bloomberg Quint. 17. David Hume on Britannica, Wikipedia and Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 18. Adam Smith on Britannica, Wikipedia and Amazon. 19. James M Buchanan on Britannica, Wikipedia, Econlib and Amazon. 20. Gordon Tullock on Wikipedia, Econlib, Mercatus and Amazon. 21. The Calculus of Consent — James M Buchanan and Gordon Tullock. 22. Democracy in Deficit -- James M Buchanan and Richard E Wagner. 23. Shruti Rajagopalan on our constitutional amendments. 24. Subhashish Bhadra on Our Dysfunctional State -- Episode 33 of The Seen and the Unseen. 25. Caged Tiger: How Too Much Government Is Holding Indians Back — Subhashish Bhadra. 26. Where Have All The Leaders Gone? -- Amit Varma. 27. The Political Theory of a Compound Republic -- Vincent Ostrom. 28. Urban Governance in India — Episode 31 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan). 29. India's Greatest Civil Servant — Episode 167 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Narayani Basu, on VP Menon). 30. Great Soul -- Joseph Lelyveld. 31. Understanding Gandhi. Part 1: Mohandas — Episode 104 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ram Guha). 32. Understanding Gandhi. Part 2: Mahatma — Episode 105 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ram Guha). 33. Population Is Not a Problem, but Our Greatest Strength — Amit Varma. 34. A Life in Indian Politics — Episode 149 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Jayaprakash Narayan). 35. The First Assault on Our Constitution — Episode 194 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Tripurdaman Singh). 36. Nehru's Debates — Episode 262 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Tripurdaman Singh and Adeel Hussain.) 37. Coalition Politics and Economic Development -- Irfan Nooruddin. 38. The Laffer Curve. 39. The Anti-Defection Law — Episode 13 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Barun Mitra). 40. Our Parliament and Our Democracy — Episode 253 of The Seen and the Unseen (w MR Madhavan). 41. The Four Quadrants of Conformism — Paul Graham. 42. ‘Let Me Interrupt Your Expertise With My Confidence' — New Yorker cartoon by Jason Adam Katzenstein. 43. Eppur si muove. 44. Jagdish Bhagwati's co-written defence of demonetisation, and Shruti Rajagopalan's co-written rebuttal. This episode is sponsored by CTQ Compounds. Check out The Daily Reader and FutureStack. Use the code UNSEEN for Rs 2500 off. Amit Varma and Ajay Shah have launched a new video podcast. Check out Everything is Everything on YouTube. Check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. And subscribe to The India Uncut Newsletter. It's free! Episode art: ‘Figure it Out' by Simahina.

Episode 182! Joey and Kenny from our sister podcast “The C-Team” discuss the 2009 movie ‘3 Idiots' directed by Rajkumar Hirani and starring Aamir Khan, R. Madhavan, and Sharman Joshi. All izz Well. Follow the C-Team on Twitter and Instagram @CTeamShow or send them an email at CTeamShow@gmail.com! See what's happening right NOW: www.affablechat.com/now Have a comment about something we said? Want to request something for us to review? Just wanna chat? Email: AffableChat@gmail.com Instagram: @AffableChat Twitter: @AffableChat Benjamin: @4thAndBen Joey: @affablejoey Soundcloud: @affablechat Youtube: www.youtube.com/channel/UCkOkrHIltGJRBpfpbCfJjgQ

इस हफ़्ते नयी संसद बिल्डिंग के उद्धघाटन के अवसर पर हम बात करते है कि हमारी संसद की कार्यप्रणाली को बेहतर कैसे किया जाए? इस विषय पर पुलियाबाज़ी पर हमारे साथ जुड़े PRS लेजिस्लेटिव रिसर्च के को -फाउंडर M R Madhavan This week on Puliyabaazi, the co-founder of PRS Legislative M R Madhavan joins us to share his insights on how to strengthen India's democracy by improving the functioning of our Parliament.  PRS Legislative Research Website: https://prsindia.org/ ***  More Puliyabaazi on Parliament  ***** Sansad Kaise Chalti Hai, Usse Behtar Kaise Banaaya Jaaye, ft. Chakshu Roy https://youtu.be/wU2lc3n3B58 *** More Lectures by M R Madhavan *** "The Functioning of the Indian Parliament" by M.R. Madhavan at Azim Premji University  https://youtu.be/Zf1cHCUIyYE ***************** Write to us at puliyabaazi@gmail.com  Hosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebee  Puliyabaazi is on these platforms: Twitter: @puliyabaazi  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/ Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

George Fernandes was an activist, politician, minister, thinker -- and was as complicated as the times he lived in. Rahul Ramagundam joins Amit Varma in episode 327 of The Seen and the Unseen to discuss his biography of Fernandes, the decades he lived through, and this country that kept changing, changing, changing. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out: 1. Rahul Ramagundam at Jamia Millia Islamia, Amazon, LinkedIn and Google Scholar. 2. The Life and Times of George Fernandes -- Rahul Ramagundam. 3. Gandhi's Khadi: A History of Contention and Conciliation -- Rahul Ramagundam. 4. Including the Socially Excluded -- Rahul Ramagundam. 5. The Incredible Curiosities of Mukulika Banerjee — Episode 276 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Mukulika Banerjee). 6. The Pathan Unarmed — Mukulika Banerjee. 7. The Gita Press and Hindu Nationalism — Episode 139 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Akshaya Mukul). 8. Gita Press and the Making of Hindu India — Akshaya Mukul. 9. A shoe store brings together two faces of 2002 Gujarat riots -- The Hindu. 10. Where Have All The Leaders Gone? — Amit Varma. 11. The Anti-Defection Law — Episode 13 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Barun Mitra). 12. Our Parliament and Our Democracy — Episode 253 of The Seen and the Unseen (w MR Madhavan). 13. The Decline of the Congress — Episode 248 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rahul Verma). 14. Urban Governance in India — Episode 31 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan). 15. South India Would Like to Have a Word — Episode 320 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Nilakantan RS). 16. Lessons from an Ankhon Dekhi Prime Minister — Amit Varma's column on reading. 17. One Hundred Years of Solitude -- Gabriel Garcia Marquez. 18. Love in the Time of Cholera --  Gabriel Garcia Marquez. 19. No One Writes to the Colonel -- Gabriel Garcia Marquez. 20. The Moon is Down -- John Steinbeck. 21. Is Paris Burning? -- Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre. 22. Freedom at Midnight -- Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre. 23. Hermann Hesse and Henry Miller on Amazon. 24. A Meditation on Form — Amit Varma. 25. Life among the Scorpions -- Jaya Jaitly. 26. Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru. 27. The Graham Staines murder. 28. Thomas Weber's books on Gandhi. 29. Coomi Kapoor Has the Inside Track -- Episode 305 of The Seen and the Unseen. 30. The Emergency: A Personal History — Coomi Kapoor. 31. Gyan Prakash on the Emergency — Episode 103 of The Seen and the Unseen. 32. Emergency Chronicles — Gyan Prakash. 33. A Prisoner's Scrap-Book -- LK Advani. 34. Prison Diary -- Jayaprakash Narayan. 35. The Power Broker — Robert A Caro. 36. Robert A Caro on Amazon. 37. On Exactitude in Science — Jorge Luis Borges. 38. Midnight's Children -- Salman Rushdie. 39. VS Naipaul on Amazon. 40. Idgah (Hindi) (English) -- Munshi Premchand. 41. Sara Rai Inhales Literature — Episode 255 of The Seen and the Unseen. 42. Raw Umber: A Memoir -- Sara Rai. 43. Samuel Huntington on Wikipedia and Amazon. 44. Francis Robinson and Barbara Metcalf on Amazon. 45. India in the Persianate Age — Richard Eaton. 46. The New India Foundation. 47. Weapons of the Weak -- James C Scott. 48. The Causes of the Indian Revolt -- Syed Ahmed Khan. 49. Hind Swaraj — MK Gandhi. 50. Hindutva — VD Savarkar. 51. Annihilation of Caste -- BR Ambedkar. 52. Gandhi before India -- Ramachandra Guha. 53. Gandhi: The Years that Changed the World -- Ramachandra Guha. 54. Salman Rushdie and Gabriel Garcia Marquez on Amazon. 55. The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi. Check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. And subscribe to The India Uncut Newsletter. It's free! Episode art: ‘The Fist' by Simahina.

India is run in a top-down way with a Northern bias -- and this is a problem. Nilakantan RS joins Amit Varma in episode 320 of The Seen and the Unseen to discuss how and why our Southern states perform so much better -- and are punished for it. Also discussed: virtue ethics, the charms of Madras and the dangers of storytelling. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out:1. Nilakantan RS on Twitter, YouTube and Instagram. 2. South vs North: India's Great Divide -- Nilakantan RS. 3. Chandrahas Choudhury's Country of Literature — Episode 288 of The Seen and the Unseen. 4. Lessons in Investing (and Life) — Episode 208 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Deepak Shenoy). 5. Crossing Over With Deepak Shenoy -- Episode 271 of The Seen and the Unseen. 6. Amitava Kumar Finds the Breath of Life — Episode 265 of The Seen and the Unseen. 7. Aadha Gaon — Rahi Masoom Raza.. 8. From Cairo to Delhi With Max Rodenbeck — Episode 281 of The Seen and the Unseen. 9. Phineas Gage. 10. The Great Man Theory of History. 11. Pandemonium in India's Banks — Episode 212 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Tamal Bandyopadhyay). 12. Rukmini Sees India's Multitudes — Episode 261 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rukmini S). 13. On Bullshit — Harry Frankfurt. 14. The Facts Do Not Matter — Amit Varma. 15. Facts Don't Matter. Stories do -- Amit Varma. 16. It is immoral to have children. Here's why -- Amit Varma. 17. Better Never to Have Been -- David Benator. 18. Wanting — Luke Burgis. 19. René Girard on Amazon and Wikipedia. 20. The Life and Times of Shanta Gokhale — Episode 311 of The Seen and the Unseen. 21. The Gentle Wisdom of Pratap Bhanu Mehta — Episode 300 of The Seen and the Unseen. 22. Beyond Words: Philosophy, Fiction, and the Unsayable -- Timothy Cleveland. 23. Consider the Hamiltonian. 24. The Life and Times of Jerry Pinto — Episode 314 of The Seen and the Unseen. 25. Murder in Mahim — Jerry Pinto. 26. Mallikarjun Mansur and Bhimsen Joshi on Spotify. 26. Paul Krugman on the internet in 1998. 27. The naked man with an egg -- Amit Varma's prompt and ChatGPT's reply. 28. The Liberal Nationalism of Nitin Pai -- Episode 318 of The Seen and the Unseen. 29. The Rooted Cosmopolitanism of Sugata Srinivasaraju — Episode 277 of The Seen and the Unseen. 30. Adam Gopnik, Michel Martin, Paul Harding and Timothy Gowers. 31. Tinkers -- Paul Harding. 32. Eraserhead -- David Lynch. 33. There's a Name for the Blah You're Feeling: It's Called Languishing -- Adam Grant. 34. The variants on Chess.com. 35. A Summons to Memphis -- Peter Taylor. 36. Virtue Ethics on Wikipedia, Britannica and Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 37. VP Menon: The Unsung Architect of Modern India — Narayani Basu. 38. India's Greatest Civil Servant — Episode 167 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Narayani Basu). 39. A Venture Capitalist Looks at the World — Episode 213 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Sajith Pai). 40. The Indus Valley Playbook — Sajith Pai. 41. Fixing Indian Education — Episode 185 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Karthik Muralidharan). 42. Understanding Indian Healthcare — Episode 225 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Karthik Muralidharan). 43. Karthik Muralidharan Examines the Indian State — Episode 290 of The Seen and the Unseen. 44.  Our Unlucky Children (2008) — Amit Varma. 45.  Fund Schooling, Not Schools (2007) — Amit Varma. 46. Elite Imitation in Public Policy — Episode 180 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan and Alex Tabarrok). 47. Centrally Sponsored Government Schemes — Episode 17 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Pranay Kotasthane). 48. Population Is Not a Problem, but Our Greatest Strength — Amit Varma. 49. Arrow's Impossibility Theorem. 50. Athenian Democracy and Socrates. 51. Plato (or Why Philosophy Matters) -- Episode 109 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rebecca Goldstein). 52. Our Parliament and Our Democracy — Episode 253 of The Seen and the Unseen (w MR Madhavan). 53. The Anti-Defection Law — Episode 13 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Barun Mitra).. 54. Urban Governance in India — Episode 31 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan). 55. Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Mahadev Govind Ranade and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar. 56. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen on the creator ecosystem with Roshan Abbas, Varun Duggirala, Neelesh Misra, Snehal Pradhan, Chuck Gopal, Nishant Jain, Deepak Shenoy, Abhijit Bhaduri and Gaurav Chintamani. 57. The Walk -- Robert Walser. 58. So Long, See You Tomorrow -- William Maxwell. 59. All Aunt Hagar's Children -- Edward P Jones. 60. The Known World -- Edward P Jones. 61. Slow Man -- JM Coetzee. 62. The Changeling -- Kenzaburo Oe. 63. Earthlings -- Sayaka Murata. 64. Birth of a Theorem -- Cedric Villani. 65. Gilead -- Marilynne Robinson. 66. If I Survive You -- Jonathan Escoffery. 67. Donnie Darko -- Richard Kelly. Check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. And subscribe to The India Uncut Newsletter. It's free! Episode art: ‘Conflict' by Simahina.

My guest today is Madhavan Ramanujam. Madhavan quite literally wrote the book on how to price products, it's called “Monetizing Innovations” and his concepts have been used by companies across the world like Porsche, Uber, LinkedIn, and SuperHuman. Our conversation is a masterclass on pricing. We discuss common mistakes when pricing products, why you need to focus on benefits rather than features, and how to pick the right monetization model. Please enjoy my conversation with Madhavan Ramanujam.   For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here.   -----   This episode is brought to you by Tegus. Tegus streamlines the investment research process so you can get up to speed and find answers to critical questions on companies faster and more efficiently. The Tegus platform surfaces the hard-to-get qualitative insights, gives instant access to critical public financial data through BamSEC, and helps you set up customized expert calls. It's all done on a single, modern Saas platform that offers 360-degree insight into any public or private company. I've been so impressed by the platform that my firm, Positive Sum, recently made an investment in Tegus. As a listener, you can take Tegus for a free test drive by visiting tegus.co/patrick. And until 2023 every Tegus license comes with complimentary access to BamSec by Tegus.   -----   Today's episode is brought to you by Brex. Brex is the integrated financial platform trusted by the world's most innovative entrepreneurs and fastest-growing companies. With Brex, you can move money fast for instant impact with high-limit corporate cards, payments, venture debt, and spend management software all in one place. Ready to accelerate your business? Learn more at brex.com/best.   -----   Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.    Past guests include Tobi Lutke, Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger, John Collison, Kat Cole, Marc Andreessen, Matthew Ball, Bill Gurley, Anu Hariharan, Ben Thompson, and many more.   Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here.   Follow us on Twitter: @patrick_oshag | @JoinColossus   Show Notes [00:02:48] - [First question] - How he arrived at a radically different way of building products [00:05:07] - An example of coming up with a price before the product [00:08:35] - Distinctions between a willingness to pay and positive feedback  [00:10:29] - How to make sure you're talking to the right potential customer in the first place [00:13:32] - Productizing for different customer segments  [00:16:16] - Questions companies should be asking to get accurate feedback [00:21:18] - What he's learned about the motivations of potential buyers [00:22:43] - What leaders, killers, and fillers are [00:24:37] - Some of the biggest mistakes companies make while following his formula [00:25:35] - A rule of thumb for what is a benefit versus a feature [00:27:35] - Five distinct pricing models for charging a customer [00:30:46] - Whether or not the value piece of all of this revolves around time and money [00:33:27] - What he tells entrepreneurs about pricing their products that most surprises them  [00:35:16] - Defining the first four categories of failure  [00:40:13] - Reasons why so many innovations fail to monetize and pricing being a CEO topic [00:41:51] - Good rules that leaders can use to have a general sense for effective pricing  [00:47:38] - Behavioral changes and observations as the absolute price move up and down  [00:50:36] - Is there a pricing genius we should take note of? [00:53:18] - The single question every leader should ask themselves [00:53:46] - The kindest thing anyone has ever done for him