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Ivan Krastev is the chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies and Albert Hirschman Permanent Fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences, IWM Vienna. His books include Is it Tomorrow, Yet? After Europe, and The Light that Failed: A Reckoning, which was co-authored by Stephen Holmes. In this week's conversation, Yascha Mounk and Ivan Krastev explore how Donald Trump is—and isn't—similar to Mikhail Gorbachev, the impact of the Trump revolution, and whether we've finally reached the end of history. If you have not yet signed up for our podcast, please do so now by following this link on your phone. Email: goodfightpod@gmail.com Podcast production by Mickey Freeland and Leonora Barclay. Connect with us! Spotify | Apple | Google X: @Yascha_Mounk & @JoinPersuasion YouTube: Yascha Mounk, Persuasion LinkedIn: Persuasion Community Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
J. D. Vance delivers a seismic geopolitical speech at the Munich Security Forum. Vance, Trump and Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy get into a shouting match before television cameras. Relations between the United States and Europe are deteriorating before our very eyes. In one of our best episodes of the year so far, we invited the great Ivan Krastev to help us understand what is happening.Ivan is one of the brightest minds in Europe — an incisive analyst, historian of ideas, and ever-present track-two diplomat who is always talking to absolutely everyone. He is chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, Bulgaria and Albert Hirschman Permanent Fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna. He writes regularly for the Financial Times and the New York Times.Ivan tells Shadi Hamid and Damir Marusic that Trumpism, and its policy toward Europe is not conservative or isolationist, but “a revolutionary movement.” This revolution is what reconciles the populist and libertarian elements of Trump's administration: “You're trying to fight bureaucracy by concentrating power in a charismatic leader. Less state, more emperor.” You can see this, Ivan argues, in the way Trump runs his coalition like an imperial court, where opposing figures — like Steve Bannon and Elon Musk — vie for the attention of the emperor. You can also see it in the fact that Trump himself says contradictory things: “A charismatic figure can contain contradictions.”What does this mean for Europe? “Empires fall when the center sees itself as a hostage not as a hegemon,” Ivan argues, and Trump, along with Republicans, long to divest themselves of the Empire. This means applying pressure on Europe to bend to its demands — be it about Ukraine, or Greenland, or immigration. It also means that, inadvertently, Trump has reawakened European nationalism: “The new European politics is nationalist, the populists are internationalist.”This is a rich episode, full of insightful koans from a longtime observer of international affairs. Damir takes the conversation in the direction of what exactly fuels the Right and its “enthusiasm for destruction.” Shadi presses Ivan on the recently overturned elections in Romania, and what this means about the future of European democracy.In our bonus section for paid subscribers, the three men discuss why charismatic political leaders can live with contradictions; the “fast track between [political] office and prison”; how Trump has inadvertently created a new US-European consensus on immigration and state intervention in the economy, and why “you can't stop a revolution by defending institutions. You need your own version of tomorrow.”Required Reading and Viewing:* J. D. Vance's speech at the Munich Security Forum (Foreign Policy). * Zelenskyy, Trump and Vance press conference (C-Span YouTube page). * Ivan Krastev and Leonard Benardo, “Democracy Has Run Out of Future” (Foreign Policy).* Shadi Hamid, “Why Half of America is Cheering for Chaos” (Washington Post). * “EU parliament votes to condemn overturning of Roe v. Wade” (Axios).* German Revolution of 1918-1919 (Brittanica). * Leo Strauss, “German Nihilism” (archive.org).* Daniel Kehlmann, German writer (Wikipedia).* “The Gender Gap is Growing and it Bodes Badly for American Politics and Culture” (The Hill). * 2024 Romanian Elections (Wikipedia).* Ezra Klein, Why We're Polarized (Amazon). * Eric Hobsbawm, Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century 1914-1991 (Amazon). * N.S. Lyons, “American Strong Gods: Trump and the End of the Long Twentieth Century” (The Upheaval).This post is part of our collaboration with the University of Pittsburgh's Center for Governance and Markets. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit wisdomofcrowds.live/subscribe
Yascha Mounk and Ivan Krastev discuss what Trump's reelection will mean for the future of the world. Ivan Krastev is a political scientist, the chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, Bulgaria, and permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna. Krastev is the author of After Europe and, with Stephen Holmes, of The Light that Failed: A Reckoning. In this week's conversation, Yascha Mounk and Ivan Krastev discuss the advent of the Trump era in American politics; why liberals need to eschew their nostalgia for an older form of politics that now appears irretrievably lost; and how America's retreat will transform European culture. This transcript has been condensed and lightly edited for clarity. Please do listen and spread the word about The Good Fight. If you have not yet signed up for our podcast, please do so now by following this link on your phone. Email: podcast@persuasion.community Website: http://www.persuasion.community Podcast production by Jack Shields, and Brendan Ruberry Connect with us! Spotify | Apple | Google Twitter: @Yascha_Mounk & @joinpersuasion Youtube: Yascha Mounk LinkedIn: Persuasion Community Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
MQ-Gespräche Gemeinsam mit Gästen, die sich international einen Namen als herausragende Analytiker:innen gemacht haben, diskutiert Philipp Blom soziale, politische und wissenschaftliche Fragen der Gegenwart, um ihre Strukturen und treibenden Kräfte aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln zu beleuchten. Eine Kooperation zwischen MQ, IWM, BKF und RD Foundation. Philipp Blom in conversation with Ivan Krastev TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY VERTIGO There is a widespread feeling that the early 21st century, our own time, is torn between two world orders, one decaying, the other not yet established, or not yet understood. The crises of Western democracies, increasing polarisation, a new aristocracy of the super rich, and populist revolts against all kinds of elites and the return of widespread political violence, are symptomatic of powerful forces tearing apart a world that seemed stable. But which powers are behind this? How important are migration, economic globalisation, new wars and new alliances, digitisation, smartphones, and artificial intelligence in this mix? Ivan Krastev grew up in a time of revolution in Bulgaria and has made it his life's work to understand what drives them and how to protect and encourage liberty in a rule-based order. Series host Philipp Blom is fascinated by turning points in history and believes that our present may be the biggest of them all. Philipp Blom speaks with Ivan Krastev about the social, cultural and political tensions that may well end democracy and usher in autocracy, and what can be done to strengthen both individual potentials and social cohesion in a time of crisis. Ivan Krastev, chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies, Sofia, and Permanent Fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna (IWM)Philipp Blom, historian and author of several novels, journalism, politics, and philosophy. He also works a radio presenter, documentary film maker and as a public lecturer. Recorded on 22 October @MQLibelle, Museumsquartier
A reflective conversation between leading public intellectual Ivan Krastev, chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia and ELIAMEP's Loukas Tsoukalis, on the prospects of future EU enlargements, in both the Western Balkans and Ukraine.Is an EU of 35 realistic? Recorded at the Delphi Economic Forum in April 2024, Krastev and Tsoukalis offer valuable insights on how a future enlargement will be different than previous ones, how can it be achieved, whether Western Balkans integration in the EU is directly linked to the outcome of the war in Ukraine and how demographics change the nature of the democratic process. Ultimately, can Ukraine change Europe from a project of peace to a project of war and peace?
Interview with Dr. Brian Mullis, Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Residency Director, Indiana University School of Medicine and Dr. Leilani Mullis, Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesia and Chair, Residency Selection Committee, Indiana University School of Medicine. We discuss their paper entitled “Orthopaedic Trauma and Anemia: Conservative versus Liberal Transfusion Strategy: A Prospective Randomized Study” in […]
Das neue Jahr wird im Presseclub Concordia traditionell mit den geopolitischen Prognosen von Ivan Krastev eingeläutet. Da der viel gefragte Politikwissenschafter im Jänner 2024 verhindert ist, haben wir unser "intellektuelles Neujahrskonzert" kurzerhand in den Advent vorverlegt. Unsere Außenpolitikexpertin Mirjana Tomic moderierte das Podiumsgespräch mit Ivan Krastev.Ivan Krastev ist einer der einflussreichsten europäischen Intellektuellen und politischen Denker, Politikwissenschaftler und Buchautor. Er ist Vorsitzender des Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, und Ständiger Fellow am Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen in Wien (IWM).Die Veranstaltung ist eine Kooperation von Presseclub Concordia, ERSTE Stiftung, IWM und fjum.
ECFR's new global opinion poll reveals that many people outside the West want Europe and the US in their lives for all they have to offer – but that does not translate into full political alignment. In this week's episode, ECFR's research director Jeremy Shapiro welcomes council member Timothy Garton Ash, who is a bestselling author and professor of European studies at Oxford University; Ivan Krastev, who is a founding board member of ECFR and chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia; and ECFR's director Mark Leonard to discuss how public sentiment can guide Europe in building partnerships for the world of tomorrow. What is the basis for the West's soft power? What sort of offer is China making the world? And whom do countries in the ‘global south' prefer when faced with a choice between the West and China? This podcast was recorded on 7 November 2023. Bookshelf: Places of Mind: A Life of Edward Said | Timothy Brennan Environmental Political Theory | Steve Vanderheiden Les Aveuglés, comment Berlin et Paris ont laissé la voie libre à la Russie | Sylvie Kauffmann Liberalism against Itself: Cold War Intellectuals and the Making of Our Times | Samuel Moyn You Report to Me: Accountability for the Failing Administrative State | David Bernhardt
In conversation with Flora Hevesi Ruzha Smilova explores Bulgaria's complex and ongoing political crisis, which has left a profound mark on the country's political landscape. The stalemate began in 2021, stemming from widespread public dissatisfaction with the government of Prime Minister Boyko Borisov and his center-right Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria (GERB) party. The ensuing period of instability was marked by difficulties in forming and maintaining a stable majority coalition government: Bulgaria faced five elections in two years, most recently in April 2023. The crisis has been characterized by an increasingly fragmented political landscape and a polarized society, and by constantly shifting power dynamics between GERB as the status quo and a new anti-corruption wave represented by the centrist parties of We Continue the Change - Democratic Bulgaria. This period provides a unique case study in democratic resilience, political uncertainty and the challenges of coalition building in parliamentary systems. The recent elections were won by GERB, which managed to reach a compromise with We Continue the Change-Democratic Bulgaria to form a new coalition government with a rotating prime minister. Nevertheless, the situation remains highly unstable, and a major new event is looming on the horizon: the upcoming local elections in October, which will be another crucial test for Bulgaria's political parties. Ruzha Smilova teaches political theory at Sofia University and is a program director at the Center for Liberal Strategies, an independent Bulgarian think tank. Her academic research is focused on the authority of democracy, normative and positive theories of democracy, democratic erosion, and illiberalism.
Hva skjer med den internasjonale liberale verdensorden etter invasjonen i Ukraina? Hvor stor rolle vil kultur og identitetspolitikk spille i internasjonale relasjoner fremover? Hvordan kan vi forklare Putins vei til makten og hans posisjon i Russland? Opptak fra Civitakveld med Ivan Krastev, leder av Centre for Liberal Strategies, fellow ved Institute for Human Sciences, IWM Vienna, og forfatter av bøker som After Europe (2017), The Light that Failed (2018) og Is it Tomorrow Yet? (norsk 2020: Framtida er her nå).
9 November is a day of low and high points in history – moments of both loss and of joy. Some important examples include the Pogromnacht in 1938 or the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, which marked the end of the cold war. But 9 November 2007 was also the day that brought ECFR's 50 founding members together, united by a sense that the EU member states could combine their values and resources to become a prototype for a global open society. In this special episode, ECFR council member Mabel van Oranje hosts director Mark Leonard, as well as ECFR founding members Timothy Garton Ash, professor of European studies at the University of Oxford, and Ivan Krastev, chair of the board at the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia. They explore how the momentous historical events of 9 November can help Europeans make sense of the current moment of disorder. Is a reversal happening of the world order brought about by 9 November 1989? What has ECFR's role been in helping Europe find a strong, united voice and what will it be in the critical times ahead? And finally, can we expect a rebalancing of power in Europe after the war in Ukraine? This podcast was recorded on 9 November 2022.
Sign up for Intelligence Squared Premium here: https://iq2premium.supercast.com/ for ad-free listening, bonus content, early access and much more. See below for details. Following the death of former Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev this week, we dip into the archive for a discussion from 2019 when we invited three leading scholars to reflect on the fall of Communism under the watch of Gorbachev, a giant of 20th-century politics. Hosting the discussion is Brian Klaas, Associate Professor in Global Politics at University College London and author of Corruptible: Who Gets Power and How It Changes Us. Brian is joined by Ivan Krastev, opinion writer for the New York Times, chair of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, and author of the acclaimed book After Europe. Timothy Garton Ash is Professor of European Studies at the University of Oxford and author of numerous books including Free Speech: Ten Principles for a Connected World. … We are incredibly grateful for your support. To become an Intelligence Squared Premium subscriber, follow the link: https://iq2premium.supercast.com/ Here's a reminder of the benefits you'll receive as a subscriber: Ad-free listening, because we know some of you would prefer to listen without interruption One early episode per week Two bonus episodes per month A 25% discount on IQ2+, our exciting streaming service, where you can watch and take part in events live at home and enjoy watching past events on demand and without ads A 15% discount and priority access to live, in-person events in London, so you won't miss out on tickets Our premium monthly newsletter Intelligence Squared Merch Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
New ECFR research captures European public opinion on Russia's war against Ukraine. It reveals that Europe's remarkable unity in the early days of the war is under threat from an emerging split – between those who want peace as soon as possible and those who favour justice for Ukraine. This week, senior policy fellow and head of ECFR's European Power programme, Susi Dennison, turns the tables on one of the report's authors, Mark Leonard, as he becomes a guest on his own podcast. They are joined by Leonard's co-author, ECFR founding board member and chair of the Centre for Liberal Strategies, Ivan Krastev to discuss the results of the poll and examine what this means for the European response to the war. What should European leaders do to bridge the fault lines and maintain unity? And how important is Ukraine's EU membership application?
This week, International Horizons showcases an interview by RBI and EU Studies Center director John Torpey with political scientist Ivan Krastev about how Russia's invasion of Ukraine will affect the balance of power in Europe, transatlantic relations, and the future of democracy. How does the war change existing political divisions, and what should the role of NATO of the U.S. government be? This event took place on Tuesday, April 26, 2022, as the Otto and Fran Walter Memorial Lecture, organized by the EU Studies Center of the Ralph Bunche Institute and by Graduate Center Presents public programs. Ivan Krastev is chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, Bulgaria, and permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences, Vienna, as well as an author and contributor to the NY Times Opinion page.
Vladimir Putin's invasion of Ukraine has transformed Europe within a matter of weeks. A continent once fractured by the refugee crisis is now taking in millions of refugees. Countries such as Germany have made considerable pledges to increase military spending. The European Union said it would cut off Russian oil and gas “well before 2030” — a once unthinkable prospect. The European project seems more confident in itself than at any other time in recent history.But some European countries are also seeing trends in the opposite direction. This month in Hungary, Prime Minister Viktor Orban's nationalist government won re-election easily. The far-right leader Marine Le Pen lost this past weekend's French presidential election to the incumbent, Emmanuel Macron, but secured a significant 41.5 percent of the vote, up from 33.9 percent in 2017. And nationalist movements — Brexit in Britain, the Five Star Movement in Italy and others — have become potent political forces in recent years.So what's next for Europe? Will Putin's invasion reinvigorate the collective European project? Or will the continent revert to its preinvasion path of fracture, division and nationalism?Ivan Krastev is the chairman of the Center for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, Bulgaria and the author of numerous books, including “After Europe” and, with Stephen Holmes, “The Light That Failed: Why the West Is Losing the Fight for Democracy.” He's also one of my favorite people to talk to on the subject of Europe, liberalism, democracy and the tensions therein.We discuss how European identity went from revolving around war to being centered on economic trade, why Europe has treated the Ukrainian refugee crisis so differently from previous refugee crises, how the West's overly economic understanding of human motivation blinded it to Putin's plans, what the relative success of politicians like Le Pen and Orban means for the future of Europe, how fears of demographic change can help explain phenomena as different as Putin's invasion and Donald Trump's election, whether Putin's invasion can reawaken an exhausted European liberalism and much more.Mentioned:“The End of History?” by Francis FukuyamaThe End of History and the Last Man by Francis Fukuyama“We Are All Living in Vladimir Putin's World Now” by Ivan Krastev“The Crisis of American Power: How Europeans See Biden's America” by Ivan Krastev“The Power of the Past: How Nostalgia Shapes European Public Opinion” by Catherine E. de Vries and Isabell Hoffmann from Bertelsmann StiftungBook Recommendations:Free by Lea YpiThe Age of Unpeace by Mark LeonardTime Shelter by Georgi GospodinovThoughts? Guest suggestions? Email us at ezrakleinshow@nytimes.com.You can find transcripts (posted midday) and more episodes of “The Ezra Klein Show” at nytimes.com/ezra-klein-podcast, and you can find Ezra on Twitter @ezraklein. Book recommendations from all our guests are listed at https://www.nytimes.com/article/ezra-klein-show-book-recs.“The Ezra Klein Show” is produced by Annie Galvin, Jeff Geld and Rogé Karma; fact-checking by Michelle Harris; original music by Isaac Jones; mixing by Jeff Geld; audience strategy by Shannon Busta. Our executive producer is Irene Noguchi. Special thanks to Kristin Lin and Kristina Samulewski.
Russia's invasion of Ukraine is one of the biggest and most confusing political events of our lifetimes. We aim to bring some clarity in this special four-part series from Vox Conversations and host Zack Beauchamp, The War in Ukraine, Explained. In part four, Zack speaks with author, political scientist, and scholar of European politics Ivan Krastev. They discuss the reverberations of Russia's invasion of Ukraine across Europe, from a sudden change of course in Germany and elections in France to the threatened intellectual foundations of the European Union nations' shared postwar identity, and how the war in Ukraine will shape the EU's future relations with the U.S. and China — and the future of Europe itself. Host: Zack Beauchamp (@zackbeauchamp), Senior Correspondent, Vox Guest: Ivan Krastev, political scientist; chairman, Centre for Liberal Strategies; permanent fellow, Institute for Human Sciences, IWM Vienna References: The Light That Failed: Why the West is Losing the Fight for Democracy by Stephen Holmes and Ivan Krastev (Pegasus; 2020) "We Are All Living in Vladimir Putin's World Now" by Ivan Krastev (New York Times; Feb. 27) "How the Weak Win Wars: A Theory of Asymmetric Conflict" by Ivan Arreguín-Toft (International Security, vol. 26 (1); 2001) Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 by Tony Judt (Penguin; 2006) The Idea of India by Sunil Khilnani (FSG; 1997) Enjoyed this episode? Rate Vox Conversations ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ and leave a review on Apple Podcasts. Subscribe for free. Be the first to hear the next episode of Vox Conversations by subscribing in your favorite podcast app. Support Vox Conversations by making a financial contribution to Vox! bit.ly/givepodcasts This episode was made by: Producer: Erikk Geannikis Editor: Amy Drozdowska Engineer: Paul Robert Mounsey Deputy Editorial Director, Vox Talk: Amber Hall Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
In his address to the IIEA, Ivan Krastev argues that the COVID-19 pandemic marks the real beginning of the 21st century, abruptly turning Europeans to face the future. The political challenge presented by COVID-19 confronted European leaders with a strategic choice: they can either fight to preserve a globalised world of open borders, or work towards a softer version of de-globalisation. He contends that the great paradox of the pandemic was that it was the EU's failure rather than its success that demonstrated its relevance and spurred European governments towards deeper integration. About the Speaker: Ivan Krastev is the Chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies and permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences, IWM Vienna, and a globally renowned author and political scientist. He is a founding board member of the European Council on Foreign Relations, a member of the Board of Trustees of The International Crisis Group and member of the Board of Directors of GLOBSEC. Ivan Krastev is the author of "Is it Tomorrow, Yet? How the Pandemic Changes Europe" (Allen Lane, 2020); The Light that Failed: A Reckoning (Allen Lane, 2019), co-authored with Stephen Holmes; and “After Europe” (UPenn Press, 2017); among other books.
Samantha Besson Droit international des institutions Collège de France Année 2021-2022 Ivan Krastev - Conférencier invité - Cycle europe du Collège de France : L'angoisse du déclin. Démocratie, démographie et clivage Est-Ouest en Europe En démocratie, la règle veut que les citoyennes et les citoyens élisent celles et ceux qui les gouvernent. Mais, dans les faits, les gouvernements tendent eux aussi à choisir celles et ceux qui les élisent. Ils opèrent ce choix par l'élaboration de lois sur la citoyenneté et de lois électorales, mais aussi par la mise en place de politiques migratoires, par le recours au redécoupage électoral à des fins politiques (gerrymandering), ou encore par l'entrave au droit de vote. La série de conférences proposées ici analyse la façon dont les majorités ethnoculturelles, en diminution dans les États membres de l'Union européenne (UE), tentent de préserver leur pouvoir et leur identité face à leur propre déclin démographique et à l'afflux migratoire. La thèse défendue est que le conflit actuel entre le libéralisme et l'illibéralisme en Europe n'est autre que l'expression de la rivalité entre deux images, idéalisées et opposées, du « peuple » que se choisissent différents gouvernements. Le libéralisme manifeste l'approbation donnée à un corps politique inclusif et représentatif de la diversité des sociétés modernes. L'illibéralisme s'appuie sur le majoritarisme démocratique pour préserver le caractère ethnique des démocraties nationales. Cette série de quatre conférences s'inscrit dans le cycle Europe du Collège de France 2021-2022 consacré au thème Les deux Europes. Conférence en anglais avec traduction simultanée en français. De l'importance du clivage Est-Ouest en Europe Ivan Krastev est président du Centre for Liberal Strategies de Sofia (Bulgarie) et membre permanent de l'Institute for Human Sciences de Vienne (Autriche). Il est également membre fondateur du Conseil européen des relations étrangères, membre du conseil d'administration de l'International Crisis Group et écrit régulièrement des articles pour le New York Times. Il est l'auteur de Est-ce déjà demain ? Le monde paradoxal de l'après-Covid-19 (traduit en français par Frédéric Joly et Amélie Petit pour les éditions Premier Parallèle, 2020 ; disponible en anglais aux éditions Penguin, octobre 2020) ; Le Moment illibéral (traduit en français par Johan Frederik Hel Guedj pour les éditions Fayard, 2019 ; disponible en anglais aux éditions Allen Lane, 2019), coécrit avec Stephen Holmes et lauréat de la 30e édition du prix annuel Lionel‑Gelber ; After Europe (UPenn Press, 2017) ; Democracy Disrupted. The Global Politics on Protest (UPenn Press, 2014) et In Mistrust We Trust: Can Democracy Survive When We Don't Trust Our Leaders? (TED Books, 2013). En 2020, Ivan Krastev a reçu le prix Jean Améry de l'essai européen. L'Europe est un labyrinthe complexe traversé de nombreuses lignes de faille et de divisions internes. Cette conférence introductive se concentre sur certaines de ces fractures qui caractérisent l'Europe d'aujourd'hui : la fracture Nord-Sud ; celle liée à la densité de population (manifeste dans l'écart entre les valeurs culturelles et les préférences électorales des personnes vivant dans les zones métropolitaines d'Europe et celles des zones rurales) et la fracture générationnelle. La thèse proposée sera la suivante : si remédier à ces clivages est certes d'une importance capitale pour l'avenir de l'UE, c'est en réalité la fracture Est-Ouest qui sera déterminante pour la préservation de l'Union en tant qu'espace libéral-démocrate. Conference in English with simultaneous translation into French. How Important Is the East-West Divide in Europe? Europe is a complicated maze with many fault lines and internal divisions. This introductory lecture focuses on several of the faults lines in today's Europe: the North-South Divide; the Density Divide (gap in cultural values and electoral preferences between people living in Europe's metropolitan areas and the rural areas); and the Generation Divide. It argues that while bridging all those divides is critically important for the future of the EU, it is the East-West divide that will have most importance for the preservation of the Union as a liberal-democratic space.
How much of the conflict between the West and China is geo-political and how much of it is rooted in ideology? Do Western democracies have enough confidence in themselves to be able to wage a conflict that may last for much of this century. Steve Paikin discusses this with Ivan Krastev, chair of the Centre for Liberal Strategies; Emily de la Bruyere, senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies; and the Toronto Star's Martin Regg Cohn. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
In this special series of The President’s Inbox on the future of democracy, James M. Lindsay speaks with experts to discuss whether and where democratic governance is faltering around the world. This week, Ivan Krastev, chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia, Bulgaria, and permanent fellow at the Institute of Human Sciences in Vienna, Austria, discusses democratic backsliding across Europe. This episode is part of the Council on Foreign Relations’ Diamonstein-Spielvogel Project on the Future of Democracy.
Joe Biden was declared the next president of the United States over a month ago now, but Donald Trump has not yet conceded his defeat. Claiming voter fraud, he has launched legal battles to try to undo the results of the election, to no avail. What mechanisms, institutions and narratives has he used? And to what long term effects? In this episode, we’re joined by Professor Timothy Snyder (Yale University) and Ivan Krastev (Centre for Liberal Strategies and IWM) to understand what will remain of Trumpism going forward and how it will impact democratic legitimacy in America.Democracy in Question? is brought to you by:• The Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna: IWM• The Albert Hirschman Centre on Democracy in Geneva: AHCD• The Excellence Chair and Soft Authoritarianism Research Group in Bremen: WOC• The Podcast Production Company Earshot StrategiesFollow us on social media!• Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna: @IWM_Vienna• Albert Hirschman Centre on Democracy in Geneva: @AHDCentreSubscribe to the show. If you enjoyed what you listened to, you can support us by leaving a review and sharing our podcast in your networks!BIBLIOGRAPHY• Ivan Krastev & Stephen Holmes. (2019). The Light that Failed: A Reckoning, London: Penguin.• Ivan Krastev. (2017). After Europe, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017.• Ivan Krastev. (2014). Democracy Disrupted: The Politics of Global Protest, Philadelphia: University of Pensylvania Press, 2014.• Timothy Snyder. (2018). The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America, New York: Tim Duggan Books.• Timothy Snyder. (2017). On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century, New York: Tim Duggan Books.• Timothy Snyder. (2015). Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning, New York: Tim Duggan Books.GLOSSARYWhat is gerrymandering?Gerrymandering is a way that governing parties try to cement themselves in power by tilting the political map steeply in their favor. The goal is to draw boundaries of legislative districts so that as many seats as possible are likely to be won by the party’s candidates. Learn more.
In this episode we talk with Ivan Krastev about how the pandemic changed Europe. Ivan Krastev is the chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies and permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences, IWM Vienna. He is a founding board member of the European Council on Foreign Relations, a member of the Board of Trustees of The International Crisis Group and is a contributing opinion writer for the New York Times. The Light that Failed: A Reckoning (Allen Lane, 2019), co-authored with Stephen Holmes, won the 30th Annual Lionel Gelber Prize. He is the author of "After Europe" (UPenn Press, 2017); "Democracy Disrupted. The Global Politics on Protest" (UPenn Press, 2014) and "In Mistrust We Trust: Can Democracy Survive When We Don't Trust Our Leaders?" (TED Books, 2013). Ivan Krastev is the winner of the Jean Améry Prize for European Essay Writing 2020. His latest book "Is it Tomorrow, Yet? How the Pandemic Changes Europe" (in German by Ullstein, June 2020; in English by Penguin, October 2020) was published in more than 20 languages.
The wake of the financial crisis has inspired hopes for dramatic change and stirred visions of capitalism's terminal collapse. Yet capitalism is not on its deathbed, utopia is not in our future, and revolution is not in the cards. In Capitalism on Edge, Albena Azmanova demonstrates that radical progressive change is still attainable, but it must come from an unexpected direction. Albena Azmanova teaches political and social theory at the University of Kent's Brussels School of International Studies. She is author of The Scandal of Reason: A Critical Theory of Political Judgment (Columbia, 2012) and coeditor of Reclaiming Democracy: Judgment, Responsibility, and the Right to Politics (2015). She has also been a policy adviser to the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the European Parliament, the European Commission, and Transparency International. Her newest book was published in Columbia University Press in January 2020. Ivan Krastev, Chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies, Sofia, Permanent Fellow of the Institute for Human Sciences (IWM), Vienna Moderation: Robert Misik, Author and Journalist
As covid-19 raged, speculation grew that the crisis would re- strengthen public support for the state; faith in experts; and both pro- and anti-Europeanism. But ECFR’s latest research reveals these all to be illusions. Instead, the crisis has revolutionised citizens’ perceptions of global order – scrambling the distinctions between nationalism and globalism. Host Mark Leonard is joined by Ivan Krastev, co-author of the new Unlock study and chair of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia as well as by ECFR co-chair Lykke Friis and Ismaël Emelien, co-founder of En Marche! and President Emmanuel Macron 's former special advisor for strategy, communication and speeches. Together they discuss the findings of ECFR’s Unlock project: how has the pandemic changed European politics and the Europeans’ view of the EU and the world? Find the paper by Ivan Krastev & Mark Leonard here: https://www.ecfr.eu/publications/summary/europes_pandemic_politics_how_the_virus_has_changed_the_publics_worldview This podcast was recorded on 25 June 2020 Bookshelf: -“Is it tomorrow yet?: Paradoxes of the pandemic” by Ivan Krastev -“The uncontrollability of the World” by Hartmut Rosa -“The new progressivism: a grassroots alternative to the populism of our times” by Ismaël Emelien & David Amiel
Die Europäerinnen und Europäer haben gewählt. Was bedeutet die hohe Wahlbeteiligung und was kann man aus den Ergebnissen ablesen? Wer sind die „Sieger“, wer die „Verlierer“ der Wahl, und lässt sich das so klar unterscheiden? Wie ist die Stimmung in den verschiedenen Ländern und was sind erkennbare Trends? Was bedeutet der Verlust der großen Volksparteien und was die „Grüne Welle“ Nord- und Westeuropas? Wie sind die Erfolge der rechtsextremen Kräfte einzuschätzen? Das alles sind Fragen die während der Konferenz: Nach der EU-Wahl – Wohin steuert die EU? gestellt und diskutiert wurden. Der Podcast Böll-Fokus fasst zusammen, verdichtet und legt den Finger auf einige Aspekte, die während der Veranstaltung zur Sprache gekommen sind. Interviewpartner war: Ivan Krastev Im Podcast zu hören sind: - Dr. Ellen Ueberschär, Vorstand Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin - Ivan Krastev – Vorsitzender des Centre for Liberal Strategies und Fellow des Institutes für die Wissenschaft vom Menschen, Sofia/ Wien - Prof. Dr. Teresa Pullano, Professorin für European Global Studies, Uni Basel - Prof. Dr. Uwe Jun – Prof. für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft, Uni Trier - Piotr Buras – Direktor des Warschauer Büros, European Council on Foreign Relations - Reinhard Bütikhofer - MdEP Vorsitzender, Europäische Grüne Partei, Brüssel - Sven Giegold – Spitzenkandidat von Bündnis 90/ Die Grünen für die Europawahl - Dr. Christine Pütz Referentin Europäische Union, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin - Prof. Dr. Sylvie Strudel, Professorin für Politikwissenschaften, Uni de Paris, Paris
Die Europäerinnen und Europäer haben gewählt. Was bedeutet die hohe Wahlbeteiligung und was kann man aus den Ergebnissen ablesen? Wer sind die „Sieger“, wer die „Verlierer“ der Wahl, und lässt sich das so klar unterscheiden? Wie ist die Stimmung in den verschiedenen Ländern und was sind erkennbare Trends? Was bedeutet der Verlust der großen Volksparteien und was die „Grüne Welle“ Nord- und Westeuropas? Wie sind die Erfolge der rechtsextremen Kräfte einzuschätzen? Das alles sind Fragen die während der Konferenz: Nach der EU-Wahl – Wohin steuert die EU? gestellt und diskutiert wurden. Der Podcast Böll-Fokus fasst zusammen, verdichtet und legt den Finger auf einige Aspekte, die während der Veranstaltung zur Sprache gekommen sind. Interviewpartner war: Ivan Krastev Im Podcast zu hören sind: - Dr. Ellen Ueberschär, Vorstand Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin- Ivan Krastev – Vorsitzender des Centre for Liberal Strategies und Fellow des Institutes für die Wissenschaft vom Menschen, Sofia/ Wien- Prof. Dr. Teresa Pullano, Professorin für European Global Studies, Uni Basel- Prof. Dr. Uwe Jun – Prof. für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft, Uni Trier- Piotr Buras – Direktor des Warschauer Büros, European Council on Foreign Relations- Reinhard Bütikhofer - MdEP Vorsitzender, Europäische Grüne Partei, Brüssel- Sven Giegold – Spitzenkandidat von Bündnis 90/ Die Grünen für die Europawahl- Dr. Christine Pütz Referentin Europäische Union, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin- Prof. Dr. Sylvie Strudel, Professorin für Politikwissenschaften, Uni de Paris, Paris
Die Europäerinnen und Europäer haben gewählt. Was bedeutet die hohe Wahlbeteiligung und was kann man aus den Ergebnissen ablesen? Wer sind die „Sieger“, wer die „Verlierer“ der Wahl, und lässt sich das so klar unterscheiden? Wie ist die Stimmung in den verschiedenen Ländern und was sind erkennbare Trends? Was bedeutet der Verlust der großen Volksparteien und was die „Grüne Welle“ Nord- und Westeuropas? Wie sind die Erfolge der rechtsextremen Kräfte einzuschätzen? Das alles sind Fragen die während der Konferenz: Nach der EU-Wahl – Wohin steuert die EU? gestellt und diskutiert wurden. Der Podcast Böll-Fokus fasst zusammen, verdichtet und legt den Finger auf einige Aspekte, die während der Veranstaltung zur Sprache gekommen sind. Interviewpartner war: Ivan Krastev Im Podcast zu hören sind: - Dr. Ellen Ueberschär, Vorstand Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin- Ivan Krastev – Vorsitzender des Centre for Liberal Strategies und Fellow des Institutes für die Wissenschaft vom Menschen, Sofia/ Wien- Prof. Dr. Teresa Pullano, Professorin für European Global Studies, Uni Basel- Prof. Dr. Uwe Jun – Prof. für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft, Uni Trier- Piotr Buras – Direktor des Warschauer Büros, European Council on Foreign Relations- Reinhard Bütikhofer - MdEP Vorsitzender, Europäische Grüne Partei, Brüssel- Sven Giegold – Spitzenkandidat von Bündnis 90/ Die Grünen für die Europawahl- Dr. Christine Pütz Referentin Europäische Union, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin- Prof. Dr. Sylvie Strudel, Professorin für Politikwissenschaften, Uni de Paris, Paris
Die Europäerinnen und Europäer haben gewählt. Was bedeutet die hohe Wahlbeteiligung und was kann man aus den Ergebnissen ablesen? Wer sind die „Sieger“, wer die „Verlierer“ der Wahl, und lässt sich das so klar unterscheiden? Wie ist die Stimmung in den verschiedenen Ländern und was sind erkennbare Trends? Was bedeutet der Verlust der großen Volksparteien und was die „Grüne Welle“ Nord- und Westeuropas? Wie sind die Erfolge der rechtsextremen Kräfte einzuschätzen? Das alles sind Fragen die während der Konferenz: Nach der EU-Wahl – Wohin steuert die EU? gestellt und diskutiert wurden. Der Podcast Böll-Fokus fasst zusammen, verdichtet und legt den Finger auf einige Aspekte, die während der Veranstaltung zur Sprache gekommen sind. Interviewpartner war: Ivan Krastev Im Podcast zu hören sind: - Dr. Ellen Ueberschär, Vorstand Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin- Ivan Krastev – Vorsitzender des Centre for Liberal Strategies und Fellow des Institutes für die Wissenschaft vom Menschen, Sofia/ Wien- Prof. Dr. Teresa Pullano, Professorin für European Global Studies, Uni Basel- Prof. Dr. Uwe Jun – Prof. für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft, Uni Trier- Piotr Buras – Direktor des Warschauer Büros, European Council on Foreign Relations- Reinhard Bütikhofer - MdEP Vorsitzender, Europäische Grüne Partei, Brüssel- Sven Giegold – Spitzenkandidat von Bündnis 90/ Die Grünen für die Europawahl- Dr. Christine Pütz Referentin Europäische Union, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, Berlin- Prof. Dr. Sylvie Strudel, Professorin für Politikwissenschaften, Uni de Paris, Paris
Podcast de notre conférence du 24 avril « L'avenir de la démocratie en Europe » en partenariat avec la Revue Esprit, en présence d’Ivan Krastev, président du Centre for Liberal Strategies et co-fondateur de l’ECFR, Vincent Martigny, chercheur associé au Centre de recherches politiques de Science Po, Susi Dennison, directrice du programme Europe Puissance de l’ECFR et de Tara Varma, directrice adjointe du bureau de Paris de l'ECFR.
Ivan Krastev, chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia and permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna, sits down with Andrew Keen. In a thought-provoking discussion, they cover democracy's capacity for self-correction, the disappearance of the political center, and how DC today reminds Ivan of Bulgaria in 1989.
Listen to a discussion with Ivan Krastev, the chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia and permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences, Vienna, on the future of Europe. Moderator: Björn Fägersten, head of the Europe programme at UI.
This year marks the 60th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rome, which started the process of European integration. This presents an opportunity to reflect on the progress that has been made so far, and to discuss what Europeans can expect in the future. We explore some of the central questions on this topic with our guests. Europe is facing a period of doubt and uncertainty, but this is not the first time it has faced a crisis. We begin this episode by asking Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol how today's challenges compare to previous periods where Europe has faced difficulties. Ivan Krastev goes on to discuss how much control Europe has over its decision-making, and to what extent it responds to external circumstances. As uncertainty especially affects the younger generation of Europeans, Johanna Nyman examines how young people perceive the future of Europe and what they have to look forward to. Guntram Wolff shares his view on what Europeans should be hopeful about, and what they should worry about. Our guests go on to debate what Europe can offer its citizens and what questions it will have to answer to move forward. Finally they reflect on the impact of the Treaty of Rome over the last 60 years. SPEAKERS Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol, Non-resident fellow, Bruegel Ivan Krastev, Chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies ,Sofia and Permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences, Vienna Johanna Nyman, Expert on youth policy and human rights Guntram B. Wolff, Director, Bruegel CREDITS Produced by Giuseppe Porcaro Presented by Bryn Watkins
Britain’s vote to leave the EU, the election of Donald Trump and the high opinion poll ratings of Marine Le Pen’s Front National have led to anxious debate about the rise of populism, inspired by what many regard as a rogues’ gallery of demagogic leaders of rising anti-immigrant and anti-Islamic movements throughout Europe and the US. The declining appeal of traditional parties of both left and right has been apparent for a generation, and now seems to have reached a head, to the consternation of those who see the new populism as a rejection of common sense. At the height of the referendum campaign, the Guardian’s Martin Kettle articulated the exasperation of the political establishment at the evident disaffection of the masses when he described support for Brexit as ‘part bloody-mindedness, part frivolity, part panic, part bad temper, part prejudice’. Almost invariably, the concept of populism is used in a pejorative way. It is often preceded by the implicitly disparaging adjective ‘right-wing’ and directly linked to notions such as racism, ‘xenophobia’ or ‘Islamophobia’. Yet in the past, populist movements have as commonly had a left-wing as a right-wing character. They have often expressed an inchoate animosity towards a corrupt elite. Such movements are inherently unstable and tend to evolve, according to circumstances, in either a radical or reactionary direction. Recent political phenomena such as Syriza in Greece, Podemos in Spain, the Five Star Movement in Italy, and the successes of Bernie Sanders in the USA and Jeremy Corbyn in the UK, show the complexity of the popular movements that have emerged to fill the vacuum left by the decay of the old politics. Mainstream politicians and commentators fear the polarisation resulting from the rise of populist movements, but seem unable to engage the public through open debate. Others argue that the upsurge of popular discontent with the stagnant political order points the way towards the revival of democratic politics, and is worth celebrating even if it unleashes uncomfortable sentiments. Are populist movements merely ‘morbid symptoms’ of a decadent political order, or harbingers of a democratic renewal? SPEAKERS Nick Caterexecutive director, Menzies Research Centre, Australia; columnist, The Australian Ian Dunteditor, Politics.co.uk; political editor, Erotic Review Ivan Krastevchairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia; permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna Jill Rutterprogramme director, Institute for Government Bruno WaterfieldBrussels correspondent, The Times; co-author, No Means No
ECFR’s director Mark Leonard speaks with Ivan Krastev, Chairman of the Center for Liberal Strategies in Sofiar, Sir Robert Cooper, former Director-General for External and Politico-Military Affairs at the Council of the EU, and Kadri Liik, ECFR Senior Policy Fellow, about the multiple crises Europe is facing and how they might be interrelated. Bookshelf: All the Kremlin’s men by Mikhail Zygar The anatomy of a moment by Javier Cercas Soldier of Salamis by Javier Cercas The passage to Europe – how a continent became a union by Luuk van Middelaar The industries of the future by Alec Ross Picture: Flickr/ European Union 2013 - European Parliament
The recent crisis in Ukraine has been widely portrayed in the West as a rerun of the Cold War, with a peaceful pro-EU Ukraine being pulled apart as the result of an aggressive and newly expansionist Russia seeking to re-establish hegemony over its neighbourhood. Russia’s annexing of the Ukrainian region of Crimea has been roundly condemned as violating international law, state sovereignty, democracy and causing the most serious crisis in European security since the end of the Cold War. The situation is complicated, however, by the close historic ties between Russia and Ukraine and the fact that many Russian-speaking Ukrainians want to maintain them, as well as the fact that Crimea was actually part of Russia within living memory.Significantly, however, in recent decades Russia has tended to cite the importance of national sovereignty in opposition to Western-led foreign interventions; this is the first time it has accepted the idea that sovereignty can be overridden by other concerns. So is this the beginning of a newly aggressive Russian foreign policy, or is Ukraine a special case?Some commentators have presented a different narrative from the Western one of Russian expansionism, pointing to European and American actions in the run-up to the crisis, such as US senator John McCain’s visit to anti-government protesters in Kiev’s Maidan before the fall of the government. It is argued that the EU and the American directly intervened with the effect of destabilising Ukraine by delegitimising an elected government and effectively hand-picking a new government, alarming many Ukrainians, in particular those in the Crimea and other Russian-speaking areas. Appeals to Ukrainian national sovereignty are further complicated by the fact that anti-Russian Ukrainians’ desire to join the EU arguably means swapping client status with one bigger power for another.So who is right? How should we understand the current crisis over Ukraine? Is it a new Cold War provoked by Russian aggression or do we need to look closer to home to understand the causes?SPEAKERSProfessor Ivan Krastev Chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia; permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in ViennaDr Tara McCormack lecturer in international politics, University of Leicester; author, Critique, Security and Power: the political limits to emancipatory approachesWill Vernon producer, BBC News (speaking in a personal capacity)Dr Kataryna Wolczuk reader in politics and international studies, University of BirminghamCHAIRBruno Waterfield Brussels correspondent, Daily Telegraph; co-author, No Means No
After surging forward through the latter part of the twentieth century after the defeat of fascism, decolonisation and the fall of the Berlin Wall, democracy appears to be in something of a retreat. According to the Economist, even though 45 per cent of the world’s population live in countries that ‘hold free and fair elections’, there is now widespread recognition that ‘democracy’s global advance has come to a halt, and may even have gone into reverse’. After many years of trying to spread democracy abroad, the US and other Western powers seem to have lowered their sights following the tragic, contemporary debacle in Iraq. Elsewhere, the ‘Arab Spring’ has fared little better. Even in the established democracies of the West, democracy appears to have lost its enduring appeal, with declining voter turnout and a hollowing-out of once mass-membership political parties. It was once claimed that only democracies could develop economically; now, democracy is blamed for gridlock. The contrast between the failure of the US Congress to agree a budget and the ability of China to get things done is much remarked upon. Very few in the developed world openly discount democracy as an ideal, but nearly everyone agrees the reality is flawed. Some would reform it in various ways: lowering the voting age, using more new technology, etc. Occupy activists oppose ‘representative democracy’ altogether, preferring ‘direct democracy’. Some argue for limits on democracy in favour of the considered opinion of experts. Elected governments in Greece and Italy have even been replaced by interim technocratic administrations during the European economic crisis, and democratic mandates can be annulled when people vote the ‘wrong way’, as when the Irish voted ‘No’ to the Lisbon Treaty in 2008 or when the Muslim Brotherhood was voted into power in Egypt. And far from being cheered as a historic democratic exercise that ousted an entrenched Gandhi dynasty, this year’s election in India provoked fears that 815million voters were expressing atavistic religious prejudice. If anything sums up the contemporary concern with democracy, it is the word ‘populism’. In Europe, it is the fear of people voting for the wrong sort of political party: the Front National in France, the PVV in the Netherlands, UKIP in the UK. In America, it is the fear of what used to be called the ‘moral majority’: conservative voters out of step with the liberal consensus on social issues. Are populist political movements simply throwbacks, appealing to the bigotry of greying voters? Or do they give voice to the frustrations of citizens who feel increasingly cut off from an aloof and deracinated political class? Will the twenty-first century see the demise of democracy in favour of technocratic governance? What has so tarnished our view of what used to be the foundational principle of Western civilisation? Speakers Professor Ivan Krastev Chairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia; permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna Professor Chantal Mouffe Professor of political theory, University of Westminster; author, Agonistics: thinking the world politically Brendan O'Neill editor, spiked; columnist, Big Issue; contributor, Spectator Dr David Runciman professor of politics, Department of Politics and International Studies (POLIS), Cambridge University; author, The Confidence Trap: A History of Democracy in Crisis from World War 1 to the Present Chair Claire Fox director, Institute of Ideas; panellist, BBC Radio 4's Moral Maze
Recorded on Sunday 21 October 2013 at the Battle of Ideas festival at the Barbican in London ‘Ideas are the cogs that drive history, and understanding them is half way to being aboard that powerful juggernaut rather than under its wheels’. AC Grayling Society seems woefully lacking in Big Ideas, and we seem to crave new thinking. In Britain, great hopes rest on the legacy of the Olympics, but however inspiring the sporting excellence we all witnessed, is it realistic that a summer of feel-good spectacle can resolve deep-rooted cultural problems, from widespread disdain for competitition to community fragmentation? In America, Mitt Romney has pledged to pit substantial ideas against the empty ‘yes, we can’ sloganeering of Barack Obama, with his running mate Paul Ryan dubbed the ‘intellectual’ saviour of the Republican Party, but can they really deliver? Europe, once the home of Enlightenment salons, is now associated more with EU technocrats than philosophes. Looking to the intellectual legacy of the past is considered out of pace with an ever-changing world. We seem estranged from ideas associated with important moments in history - the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, the American and French Revolutions. Can even a basic idea like free will survive the challenges of neuroscience and genetics? When the internet offers information at the click of a mouse, what’s the point of pedagogy? Some contend intellectual life has rarely been healthier; after all today’s governments appoint economists, philosophers and scientific advisers to positions of influence, and the fashion for evidence-based policy puts a premium on academic research. Nevertheless, the emphasis is on ‘what works’ utility and short-term impact rather than open-ended, risky ideas. Often data is passed off as Truth, and Socratic dialogue replaced by rows over conflicting evidence. The scramble for the next Big Idea seems to have replaced the creative and painstaking development of ideas. It’s as though serious ideas can be conjured up in brainstorming sessions or critical-thinking classes. But think-tanks kite-flying the latest outside-of-the-box, blue-skies-thinking speak more to pragmatism and opportunism than following in the tradition of Plato. Ideas become free-floating, divorced from their origins, and take on any meaning one cares to ascribe to them. Hence freedom can mean protection, its defence leading to illiberal regulations; equality can mean conformity and sameness; tolerance becomes a coda for indifference, and individualism denotes little more than selfishness. Where apparently novel concepts catch on, from sustainability to fairness, identity to offence, they are often little more than fashionable sound-bites. Other ideas are even described as dangerous; those who espouse the ‘wrong’ ideas branded as modern-day heretics. But can we ever hope to approach the truth if we stifle dissent? Is intellectual life on the wane? Is it conservative to cling to old ideas, or if we don’t stand on the shoulders of giants, are we doomed to stand still ? Might truth seeking be more important than the Truth?Speakers:Andrew Keenentrepreneur; founder, Audiocafe.com; author, Digital Vertigo: how today's online social revolution is dividing, diminishing, and disorienting usProfessor Ivan KrastevChairman of the Centre for Liberal Strategies in Sofia; permanent fellow at the Institute for Human Sciences in ViennaDr Ellie Leereader in social policy, University of Kent, Canterbury; director, Centre for Parenting Culture StudiesRob Riemenwriter and cultural philosopher; founder & president, Netherlands-based Nexus Institute; author, Nobility of Sprit: a forgotten ideal and The Eternal Return of FascismChair: Claire Fox director, Institute of Ideas; panellist, BBC Radio 4's Moral Maze