Podcast appearances and mentions of Queen Isabella

RNIB Connect Radio's Toby Davey is joined again by Vidar Hjardeng MBE, Inclusion and Diversity Consultant for ITV News across England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Channel Islands for the next of his regular audio described theatre reviews for 2025. This week we have murder and fight scenes with blood a plenty too on stage with the Royal Shakespeare Company's production of Christopher Marlow's Edward II with description by Professional Audio Describers Julia Grundy and Ellie Packer.  About ‘Edward II' When the new King Edward II insists on ruling with the man he loves by his side, conspiracy and civil war threaten the very existence of the monarchy in Marlowe's violent and tender play. I see your love to Gaveston will be the ruin of the realm and you.' The King is dead, long live the King. And his boyfriend. When Edward II insists on ruling with the man he loves by his side, the Palace refuses. The establishment conspires to restore the natural order, plunging the country into a civil war and threatening the very existence of the monarchy. Better a dead king than a gay king. Double Olivier Award-winner and RSC Co-Artistic Director Daniel Evans returns to the stage with a cast including Eloka Ivo as Gaveston and Ruta Gedmintas as Queen Isabella in Daniel Raggett's production of Marlowe's violent and tender play. For more about access at the Royal Shakespeare Company including details of audio described performances of their productions do visit - https://www.rsc.org.uk/your-visit/access  (Image shows RNIB logo. 'RNIB' written in black capital letters over a white background and underlined with a bold pink line, with the words 'See differently' underneath)

Dr. Eleanor Janega and Matt Lewis bring our series on the Plantagenets to its climax with a look at one of England's most influential monarchs.  We pick up the story where we left off in the last episode with Roger Mortimer influencing the boy King Edward III, along with his mother Queen Isabella.  But there's so much more to discover about Edward III, who became a pivotal figure in shaping medieval England.Matt talks to Dr. Christopher Briggs and Dr. Andrew Spencer from Cambridge University, drawing upon their course which offers unique insights into the politics, economy, and society of Edward III's reign. Then Eleanor and Matt round up the series with their reflections on "the original dysfunctional family," known for "bad tempers, spoilt brats, greed, lusty men and the odd bout of genius."Gone Medieval is presented by Dr.Eleanor Janega and Matt Lewis. Edited and produced by Rob Weinberg and Joseph Knight.  The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music used is courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Gone Medieval is a History Hit podcast.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on

Roger Mortimer: The Man Who Overthrew a King.Matt Lewis delves into the life of Roger Mortimer, a key figure in the downfall of King Edward II. Joined by historian Paul Dryburgh, they explore Mortimer's military and political career, his strategic marriage and his crucial role alongside Queen Isabella. From Mortimer's storied escape from the Tower of London to his ascent to power and ultimate execution, this is an examination the complexities and legacy of one of medieval England's most fascinating figures.Gone Medieval is presented by Matt Lewis and Dr.Eleanor Janega. Lines performed by Enzo Cilenti and Daniel Evans. Audio editor is Amy Haddow, the producers are Joseph Knight and Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music used is courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Gone Medieval is a History Hit podcast.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on

"Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned." When that woman is Queen Isabella; She-Wolf, the results are catastrophic.As our series on the Plantagenets continues, Dr. Eleanor Janega and historian Kathryn Warner dive into the fascinating life of Queen Isabella of France. From her royal status in France to her tumultuous marriage to Edward II of England, to her strategic alliance - and romance with Roger Mortimer and their joint rebellion to wrestle the Crown from Edward. They discover how a queen's rage and ambition can change the course of history.Gone Medieval is presented by Dr. Eleanor Janega. Lines performed by Enzo Cilenti. Audio editor is Amy Haddow, the producers are Rob Weinberg and Joseph Knight. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music used is courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Gone Medieval is a History Hit podcast.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on

Empires came and empires went, each with their antisemitic periods, originally induced by the church, like the massacre in York England in 1190 or the expulsion of Jews by K King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella in Spain in 1492 as just two examples. The bloody Middle Ages were followed by Islam with occasional persecution of Jews. Europe became a hotbed of antisemitism and assimilation. This programme discusses the consequences since the 18th century until the present time. The Walter Bingham File 24DEC2025 - PODCAST

The Book Report Series: ( Dogs of God )ABOUT DOGS OF GODFrom the acclaimed author of Warriors of Godcomes a riveting account of the pivotal events of 1492, when towering political ambitions, horrific religious excesses, and a drive toward international conquest changed the world forever.James Reston, Jr., brings to life the epic story of Spain's effort to consolidate its own burgeoning power by throwing off the yoke of the Vatican. By waging war on the remaining Moors in Granada and unleashing the Inquisitor Torquemada on Spain's Jewish and converso population, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella attained enough power and wealth to fund Columbus' expedition to America and to chart a Spanish destiny separate from that of Italy. With rich characterizations of the central players, this engrossing narrative captures all the political and religious ferment of this crucial moment on the eve of the discovery of the New World.The year Columbus sailed the ocean blue, 1492 was also the year that Moorish Granada fell to Catholic Spain and the year King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella expelled the Spanish Jews. Reston brings together these three stories, showing how the exploration of the New World, the war against Muslims and the Inquisition were part of the monarchy's attempt to purify the world for Christendom and advance the Spanish empire. The three threads were intertwined pragmatically as well as ideologically: Property confiscated from Jews and heretical Catholics went into the war chest that funded the march against the Moors. Jews who had converted to Christianity came under suspicion if they so much as set their table with a fresh tablecloth on Friday (the Inquisitor and his minions saw that as a sign that the converso might be observing the Jewish Sabbath), and Reston spares no detail when describing the atrocities the Inquisition committed against these suspects. This history is also distinguished by its vivid portrait of Queen Isabella (Ferdinand is not quite so well-developed), who emerges as a woman of deep faith and more than a hint of grandiosity, frequently likening herself to the Virgin Mary and the apocalyptic woman of the Book of Revelation. The most important sections chronicle Spain's pursuit and conquest of Moorish land, from the fall of Málaga in 1487 to the seizing of Granada. The defeat of the Moors may seem like ancient history to Americans, Reston points out, but it is vivid indeed to the Islamic terrorists who bombed Madrid. Donations to the podcast: CashApp Tag: $faroutflowPayPal Email: feelrealmusic@gmail.com --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/jamaine-farmer-bey/support

Send us a textEver wonder how gratitude can transform your life and relationships? Join me, Jesse Cope, on the American Soul Podcast as we navigate the intricacies of thankfulness, faith, and personal growth. Amid the updates from my homestead, including the latest joy offered by a new duck pond, we explore the power of cherishing moments with God and loved ones. As the holiday season approaches, let's revisit the timeless tradition of Thanksgiving proclamations—an enlightening exercise especially dear to homeschoolers and students who cherish history and heritage.The episode continues with a candid look at Christopher Columbus's first voyage in 1492, focusing on the powerful blend of faith and exploration. Discover how Columbus and his crew prepared spiritually for what was not just an adventure but a mission to spread Christianity across uncharted territories. By examining Columbus's dialogues with King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, we reveal the religious undertones that fueled one of history's most significant journeys. This exploration dispels some misconceptions about Columbus, offering a nuanced view of his intentions and the complex motivations that guided European explorers.Dive into a thoughtful discussion on the portrayal of Columbus and the indigenous peoples, with an emphasis on correcting historical misconceptions. We bring to light the advocacy of figures like Bartolomé de las Casas, a stalwart defender of indigenous rights, and explore the enduring impact of faith on historical narratives. These dialogues encourage reflection on justice, rights, and the genuine motivations behind historical events. With faith as a cornerstone, join us in understanding the profound role it played—and continues to play—in shaping our world.Support the showThe American Soul Podcasthttps://www.buzzsprout.com/1791934/subscribe

This episode contains extreme violence. Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimor are victorious. They have usurped the old tyrant king, Edward II, and are in control of the heir to the throne, his son. But all is not well with this new regime. Roger makes a fateful decision that shakes the nation to its core: regicide. A Sony Music Entertainment production. Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Written and hosted by Dan Jones Producer - Georgia Mills Assistant producer: Harry Gordon Executive Producer - Louisa Field Production Manager - Jen Mistri Marketing - Kieran Lancini Audio production and mixing - Chris O'Shaughnessy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Spanish Inquisition, a phrase that evokes images of torture chambers, religious persecution, and a dark chapter in human history. But what was the Inquisition truly about? Was it a brutal campaign of religious oppression, or a complex historical phenomenon with nuanced motivations? In this episode of History for Weirdos, Andrew looks into the murky depths of the Spanish Inquisition, separating myth from reality, and exploring the motivations behind this infamous institution. Join Stephanie and Andrew as they unravel the intricate tapestry of events that led to the establishment of the Inquisition by Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, the methods employed by its inquisitors, and the lasting impact it had on Spain and the world. From the persecution of religious minorities to the suppression of intellectual dissent, we examine the Inquisition's far-reaching influence and the profound consequences it had on countless lives. Prepare to be both fascinated and disturbed as we explore the dark side of human history, and shed light on a period that continues to intrigue and horrify to this day. - Thank you for listening Weirdos! Show the podcast some love by rating & subscribing on whichever platform you use to listen to podcasts. Your support means so much to us. Let's stay in touch

A daring escape from the Tower of London sends an unlikely ally into Queen Isabella's hands. Edward and Despenser are totally out of control, but fortunately for Isabella, they're about to deliver her the one thing she needs to make her move. A Sony Music Entertainment production. Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Written and hosted by Dan Jones Producer - Georgia Mills Assistant producer: Harry Gordon Executive Producer - Louisa Field Production Manager - Jen Mistri Marketing - Kieran Lancini Audio production and mixing - Chris O'Shaughnessy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Revenge has not satisfied Edward II, and he and the Despensers begin a reign of terror across England, executing former friends and plundering the nation's resources. There's only one person left who might be able to stop Edward before he brings his entire dynasty to ruin: Queen Isabella. A Sony Music Entertainment production.  Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts  To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com  Learn more about your ad choices visit megaphone.fm/adchoices  Written and hosted by Dan Jones Producer - Georgia Mills  Assistant producer: Harry Gordon Executive Producer - Louisa Field Production Manager - Jen Mistri  Marketing - Kieran Lancini Audio production and mixing - Chris O'Shaughnessy  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

A strange man arrives in Edward II's court with an outrageous claim: could the King of England be a fake? While Edward finds this all very funny, Queen Isabella is not amused. She decides it's time to take matters into her own hands, but it may already be too late.  A Sony Music Entertainment production.  Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts  To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com  Learn more about your ad choices.  Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices  Written and hosted by Dan Jones Producer - Georgia Mills  Assistant producer: Harry Gordon Executive Producer - Louisa Field Production Manager - Jen Mistri  Marketing - Kieran Lancini Sound Design - Chris O'Shaughnessy  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

TORAH PORTION Deuteronomy 4:25–40, HAFTARAH Jeremiah 8:13–9:23, APOSTLES Luke 19:41–48. The Fast of Av (Tisha B'Av) is the biblical “fast of the fifth month” (Zechariah 7:3; 8:19) and lasts from sunset to sunset. It's the saddest day of the year, when many tragedies happened. But in the Final Redemption, it will be turned into a festival. Today in History: All the men of fighting age who rebelled and refused to go into the Promised Land were condemned to wander 40 years and die in the wilderness (tradition, Numbers 14). In the year 586 BCE, the Babylonians destroyed the first Holy Temple (see 2 Kings 25:9). In the year 70 CE, the Romans burned down the second Holy Temple. In 133 CE, the Romans crushed the Jewish “Bar Kochba” revolt at the city of Beitar. In 1290 CE, King Edward I forced all Jewish people to leave England. In 1492 CE, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella expelled all Jewish people from Spain. In 1941 CE, just before the 9th of Av, the German Nazis decide to try to kill all Jews. In 1942 CE, the Nazis began taking masses of Jews from Warsaw, Poland to kill them in camps. This week's portion is called: Va'Etchanan (I pleaded). Think about: What Scripture spoke to you most today and why? Did you learn something about God, or something you need to do in your life? Daily Bread for Kids is a daily Bible reading podcast where we read through the Torah and the Gospels in one year! Helping young Bible-readers to study God's Word, while also discovering its Jewish context! THE KIDS' JOURNAL is available from ⁠⁠⁠https://arielmedia.shop⁠⁠⁠ BUSY MOMS who want to follow the Daily Bread readings on podcast for adults, can go to ⁠https://dailybreadmoms.com⁠ The Bible translation we are reading from is the Tree of Life Version (TLV) available from the Tree of Life Bible Society. INSTAGRAM: @dailybreadkids @arielmediabooks @dailybreadmoms Tags: #DailyBreadMoms #DailyBreadJournal #BibleJournaling #Messianic #BiblePodcast #BiblicalFeasts #Journal #biblereadingplan #Messiah #JewishRoots #Yeshua #GodIsInControl #OneYearBible #MomLife #MotherCulture #FaithFilledMama #BiblicalWomanhood #Proverbs31woman

Welcome to this special episode of “Daily Bread for Kids,” where kids take turns reading through Lamentations. The Ninth of Av is the saddest day of the year on the Hebrew Calendar. Both of God's Holy Temples in Jerusalem were destroyed on this day. This year has been extra sad with war in Israel. It is custom in Israel to read the Scroll of Lamentations, which the Prophet Jeremiah wrote when he saw the destruction of the First Holy Temple. God promises that one day he will turn the Ninth of Av into a happy festival. Until then, we mourn with those who mourn. Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. The Fast of Av (Tisha B'Av) is the biblical “fast of the fifth month” (Zechariah 7:3; 8:19) and lasts from sunset to sunset. It's the saddest day of the year, when many tragedies happened. But in the Final Redemption, it will be turned into a festival. Today in History: All the men of fighting age who rebelled and refused to go into the Promised Land were condemned to wander 40 years and die in the wilderness (tradition, Numbers 14). In the year 586 BCE, the Babylonians destroyed the first Holy Temple (see 2 Kings 25:9). In the year 70 CE, the Romans burned down the second Holy Temple. In 133 CE, the Romans crushed the Jewish “Bar Kochba” revolt at the city of Beitar. In 1290 CE, King Edward I forced all Jewish people to leave England. In 1492 CE, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella expelled all Jewish people from Spain. In 1941 CE, just before the 9th of Av, the German Nazis decide to try to kill all Jews. In 1942 CE, the Nazis began taking masses of Jews from Warsaw, Poland to kill them in camps. - Daily Bread for Kids is a daily Bible reading podcast where we read through the Torah and the Gospels in one year! Helping young Bible-readers to study God's Word, while also discovering its Jewish context! THE KIDS' JOURNAL is available from ⁠⁠⁠https://arielmedia.shop⁠⁠⁠ BUSY MOMS who want to follow the Daily Bread readings on podcast for adults, can go to ⁠https://dailybreadmoms.com⁠ The Bible translation we are reading from is the Tree of Life Version (TLV) available from the Tree of Life Bible Society. INSTAGRAM: @dailybreadkids @arielmediabooks @dailybreadmoms Tags: #DailyBreadMoms #DailyBreadJournal #BibleJournaling #Messianic #BiblePodcast #BiblicalFeasts #Journal #biblereadingplan #Messiah #JewishRoots #Yeshua #GodIsInControl #OneYearBible #MomLife #MotherCulture #FaithFilledMama #BiblicalWomanhood #Proverbs31woman

While Edward II mourns, his young Queen Isabella steps into the spotlight. She provides her husband with both an heir and the holiday of a lifetime, as they go to visit her father in France. While Edward finally starts to show some talent for ruling, Isabella's actions in France shape the future of the dynasties on both sides of the channel.  A Sony Music Entertainment production.  Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts  To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com  Learn more about your ad choices.  Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices  Written and hosted by Dan Jones Producer - Georgia Mills  Assistant producer: Harry Gordon Executive Producer - Louisa Field Production Manager - Jen Mistri  Marketing - Kieran Lancini Sound Design - Chris O'Shaughnessy  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Plantagenets are back! This season we meet Edward II, a king who is head over heels with his favourite knight, Piers Gaveston. Their relationship sparks off a mighty conflict in court, pitching Edward against his cousin, the fearsome Earl of Lancaster. While these two come to extremely violent blows, his wife, Queen Isabella, waits for her moment.  A Sony Music Entertainment production.  Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts  To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices  Written and hosted by Dan Jones Producer - Georgia Mills Executive Producer - Louisa Field Production Manager - Jen Mistri Marketing - Kieran Lancini Sound Design and Mixing - Gulliver Lawrence-Tickell  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Excuse my lateness to the subject, and please before you 'Judge' me..remember who you are.

Rerun: During the Siege of Malaga, on 7th May 1487, Queen Isabella of Spain commissioned bespoke bed-wagons to transport injured soldiers from the battlefield to specially-erected tent hospitals, the world's earliest ambulance. Despite this innovation, it was hundreds of years before the concept - and the word ‘ambulance' - gained common currency worldwide, notably thanks to the American Civil War. In this episode, The Retrospectors consider the propagandic purpose of transporting the wounded; evaluate the hearse-like designs of the first motorised ambulances; and reveal why ambulances were feared and ridiculed by those who had to use them…  Further Reading: History of the Ambulance (Liverpool Medical Institution): https://www.lmi.org.uk/history-of-the-ambulance ‘The Ambulance: A History - By Ryan Corbett Bell' (McFarlane and Company, 2009): https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Ambulance/-YtlthqHmHsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=ambulance+malaga+1487&printsec=frontcover ‘Earliest Life Saving Ambulances in History' (Faramel, 2018): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSafOiyWvu8 This episode first premiered in 2023, for members of

You know her best as the mother of Katherine of Aragon, but she was so much more than a mother of queens...Isabella of Castile is revealed today by Dr. Emma Cahill Marron as being a powerful female ruler who isn't always given the credit she deserves. Want a commercial-free experience? Head over to Patreon! https://patreon.com/tudorsdynasty Credits: Host: Rebecca Larson Guest: Dr. Emma Cahill Marron #womeninhistory #women #womenempowerment #womenshistorymonth #royals #queens ueens #history #historyfacts --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rebecca-larson/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rebecca-larson/support

Anita Rani speaks to Roopam Carroll, who recently sold her nursery business, and Ellen Broome, Head of Family and Childcare at the charity CORAM.Since the abdication of Queen Margarethe II of Denmark, there are no Queens in Europe. This is the first time this has happened since Queen Isabella of Spain was crowned in 1833. Will this make a difference in Europe? What difference have previous Queens in Europe made? Royal commentator Caroline Aston and journalist Emily Andrews join Anita to discuss. The creator of Sex and the City, Candace Bushnell, whose column in the New York Observer was the inspiration behind the TV series, joins Anita in the studio. The real-life Carrie Bradshaw is bringing her one-woman show about creating the hit series to the West End and then doing a UK tour. Presenter: Anita Rani Producer: Lottie Garton

Agent TJ Zwarych is joined by Carolina Ravassa who recently starred in Marvel's What If...? as Queen Isabella to chat about the series, as well as her continued time as Sombra in Overwatch and Raze in Valorant and her brand new film Morgan's Mask.#WhatIf #Marvel #Kahhori #Overwatch #Valorant #Gaming #CarolinaRavassa #Raze #Sombra #MorgansMask

EPISODE 6: What If…Kahhori Reshaped The World?In this mind-bending episode, witness the destruction of Asgard as the Tesseract crashes onto Earth, altering destiny. The impact unleashes Space Stone energy in a Native American village, where the entire dialogue is spoken in either Mohawk or Spanish. Kahhori and Wahta discover the mythical "Fountain of Youth," leading to a portal in a cursed section of the village. The Fountain grants superpowers to its inhabitants, setting the stage for a unique encounter with historical figures, including a meeting with Queen Isabella of Spain and the unexpected appearance of Supreme Strange.EPISODE 7: What If…Hela Found the Ten Rings?This episode explores the consequences if Hela, Odin's firstborn, obtains the Ten Rings. Cast out and stripped of power, Hela joins forces with Wenwu, seeking freedom and control. A cosmic journey unfolds, intertwining realms and liberating them as Hela ascends to become the Goddess of Life. The clash between Hela and Odin adds depth to this gripping narrative, creating a thrilling saga of power and liberation.EPISODE 8: What If… The Avengers Assembled in 1602?A leap back to 1602 thrusts modern superheroes into an alternate timeline. The Watcher, Doctor Strange, Black Widow, Fury, and others from the Marvel universe confront a collapsing reality. The narrative weaves through captivating scenarios, including Thor assuming the throne and Captain Carter facing accusations. With voices like Hayley Atwell, Samuel L. Jackson, and Elizabeth Olsen, this episode promises a swashbuckling adventure with unexpected twists and a mysterious Forerunner altering the course of history.EPISODE 9: What If…Strange Supreme Intervened?The season finale explores the intervention of Strange Supreme. Our livestream ends with sharing heartfelt gratitude to the patrons, cast, crew, and supporters who made our channel and podcast a success in the past year. Special mentions go out to notable figures in the Star Wars community, content creators, and the loyal listeners who have propelled Father.Son.Galaxy into its third year.Father. Son.Galaxy. SOCIALS:Featured on STARWARS.com! Check out our Fan Spotlight!https://www.starwars.com/news/fan-spotlight-father-son-galaxyTwitter: https://twitter.com/FatherSonGalaxyInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/fathersongalaxyFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/FatherSonGalaxyWebsite: https://fathersongalaxy.com/Media Kit: https://fathersongalaxy.com/media-kit-2/Spreadshop (Merchandise) https://fathersongalaxy.myspreadshop.comPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/fathersongalaxy

In this session, Dr. Randy White explores the significant but controversial reign of Queen Isabella I of Castile, her religious policies, and impact on Spain.

Mohnish Pabrai's Talk at the YPO Waterloo Austin on October 17, 2023.   (00:00:00) - Introduction (00:02:49) - The Manhattan deal by American Indians in 1626 (00:07:42) - Compounding: Eighth wonder of the world (00:08:14) - Queen Isabella's funding of Columbus discovery of America (00:11:35) - My daughter's introduction to compounding (00:15:18) - Factors of compounding (00:20:58) - Never interrupt compounding unnecessarily (00:25:15) - Large inheritances do more harm than good (00:28:17) - Chuck Feeney: The Billionaire Who Wasn't (00:33:47) - My journey of investing (00:40:27) - Berkshire's Twelve great decisions (00:43:19) - Entrepreneurship vs. Investing (00:45:29) - Owner's Manual (00:50:44) - Index investing (00:54:08) - Reysas (01:01:04) - Handling macro risks (01:01:58) - Understanding a business  

Christopher Columbus convinces King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella that according to the Bible, the earth is round. Therefore, three ships were needed to reach the people on the other side of the earth so they could then share the gospel with them. “God sits above the circle of the earth.” Isaiah‬ ‭40‬:‭22‬ ‭NLT‬‬ AtW1 #kids, #christiankids, #storiesforchristiankids, #theearthisround, #gointoalltheearthandpreachthegospel, #fishbytesforkids, #fishbytes4kids, #fishbitesforkids, #ronandcarriewebb, #roncarriewebb Journey in the New World by Twin Musicom is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Source: http://www.twinmusicom.org/song/258/journey-in-the-new-world Artist: http://www.twinmusicom.org Sent from my iPad

Willy Willy Harry Stee, Harry Dick John Harry Three, One Two Three Neds..... So goes the rhyme Charlie Higson learnt at school, each a Monarch and each seemingly unable to learn any lessons from their predecessor, as ably demonstrated by this episode's King, Edward The 2nd. Find out how his disastrous relationships, especially with Piers Gaveston gave rise to his downfall at the hands of his own wife Queen Isabella which led to a particularly unpleasant end.Charlie's proper historian this episode is Dr Rory Cox, author of Origins of the Just War: Military Ethics and Culture in the Ancient Near East Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Combined all parts of the Reconquista: Isabella series into one long format. We look at the life of the Queen Isabella of Castile. To some a saint, to others a demon, to history a Legend.    Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx

The Reconquista is over and Spain is on the fast track to becoming a global superpower. But do the ends justify the means? We look back now and ask, was Isabella a Saint? Or was she a Demon?    Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx

The Capitulations of Santa Fe granted a number of official titles to Columbus as well as ten per cent of any treasure he was able to secure on his ...

The grinding war in the Kingdom of Granda continues. However, its days are numbered. Infighting amongst the Nasrid cripple its offensive power and Ferdianand and Isabella are more determined than ever to complete the Reconquista.    Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx

Unveil the untold story of Robert Espericueta and his cousins who rescued the only survivors of a catastrophic bridge collapse. Winner of 16 Best Feature Documentary Awards worldwide, this audio experience breaks a 20-year gag order to reveal the gripping details of that fateful night. Join us as we unravel the heroic tale that will leave you in awe. Watch the full Documentary at TheCollapseDocumentary.com --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/joshuamoroles/support

We now enter into the final stage of the Reconquista 1481 - The treaty that has held the unease peace between Castile and Nasrid Granada is broken. The Sultan Abu Al-Hasan takes advantage of Castilian weakness and launches an attack on the Castilian city of Alhama. The last war of the Reconquista has begun.    Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx

As part of a celebratory launch party for the new Poetry Unbound book, Pádraig welcomed Lorna Goodison, former Poet Laureate of Jamaica, into a joyful Zoom room of poetry lovers and listeners of the show, old and new. We draw Season 6 to a close with their conversation on themes explored in Lorna's poem “Reporting Back to Queen Isabella” (one of the 50 featured in the book): poetry as a “made thing”; poetry as a form of travel.And: Pádraig chats with our wonderful producer and composer Gautam Srikishan on the role of music in the show, with a warm hello from all the humans behind Poetry Unbound. Watch the full, unedited event here.Lorna Goodison is one of the Caribbean's most distinguished contemporary poets. Her work appears in the Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces and her many honors include the Commonwealth Poetry Prize, Americas Region. She is the author of numerous books of poetry, including Supplying Salt and Light, Controlling the Silver, Traveling Mercies, and many more. Her work, translated into many languages, is widely published and anthologized.Find Lorna Goodison's poem in Poetry Unbound: 50 Poems to Open Your World, and in Season 3 of Poetry Unbound.Thanks to everyone who joined us for Season 6 — we'll be back with Season 7 later in 2023. In the meantime, continue your poetry ritual through our weekly Substack newsletter, with more musings and prompts from Pádraig and lively community of conversation in the comments.Find the transcript for this show at onbeing.org.

The Reconquista continues as Isabella becomes Queen!  On Dec 13, 1474 Isabella crossed her own Rubicon - she staged a coup and became the Queen of Castile. No woman had sole power over the kingdom in over 250 years. Immediatly she would come into conflict with her neighbors and her own husband. Her ascendancy would only be settled with bloodshed   Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx

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The Reconquista continues into the life of Queen Isabella of Castile!  Isabella's life as a young adult is filled with danger. There are many that would be happy to see her married off, placed in exile, or simply killed. However, she proves her resolve. Despite massive adversity, she holds her composure.    Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx  

Kirstin Downey grew up in Kailua on Oahu, where her father was a state harbor pilot working out of Aloha Tower. She went to Pennsylvania State University where she majored in journalism, and then worked at newspapers in Colorado, Florida and California before joining the Washington Post, where she was an award-winning economics and investigative reporter for 20 years. She was a finalist for the Livingston prize for outstanding young journalist in America. In 2000, she was awarded a Nieman fellowship at Harvard University. Starting in 2005, she wrote dozens of news articles about problematic new kinds of real estate loans, reporting that foreshadowed the mortgage meltdown. She was part of a Washington Post team that won the Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for covering the Virginia Tech campus slayings. She later served as an investigator for the federal Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission and as editor of FTC:WATCH, a newsletter that follows the Justice Department and Federal Trade Commission. In 2009, Kirstin published The Woman Behind the New Deal, a biography of path-breaking government official Frances Perkins, a book that was a finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book prize and named one of the top ten biographies of the year by the American Library Association. In 2014, she wrote a biography of Queen Isabella of Castile, called Isabella the Warrior Queen, a book that BBC called one the ten most notable books of the fall. In 2015, she returned home to Hawaii, where she now works as a special correspondent for Honolulu Civil Beat, reporting on how actions taken in Washington affect the state. She is currently writing a new history of Hawaii during the first 50 years after Captain Cook arrived, with a focus on a remarkable Kauai chief, Kaumualii, who fought to protect his island and his people.

 Maine Native, and Ship's Captain Hanson Crockett Gregory was a man's man.  As a very young man, he worked as a cabin boy, and in time became a well-respected Captain of his own ship. He sailed routes all around the world, from New England to California during the gold rush. And even around the infamous Cape Horn and the southern tip of Africa. Captain Gregory was notable as a hero for saving 7 Spanish sailors from a watery grave after their ship sank on the open sea. For this, he was recognized and earned honors from Queen Isabella the 2nd of Spain. But his notable seafaring career is not why he is remembered. His greatest distinction is because of something else. His renown is based on another set of skills not often associated with those who make their living on the seas. And, one for which there is nary a soul who has not been uplifted. 

The Reconquista continues into the life of Queen Isabella of Castile!  We begin with her early life. Isabella was born into a kingdom that was a far cry from its glory days. Improvished and on the brink of civil war, Castile had descended into a dark age under the weak rule of her older half brother, King Henry IV.   Big thanks to Claudie Mackula and her amazing music:  El Castillo de Santiago   Flash Point History YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYmTYuan0fSGccYXBxc8cA Contribute on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave some feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Follow along on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx  

In Episode 5, we explore the rise of the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon as they emerge from the Reconquista as the most powerful political force in Europe. We'll explore how an Italian sailor based in Portugal devised a plan to sail west to Asia and corner the lucrative spice market, convinced Queen Isabella of Castile to fund and equip him with three ships to make the voyage, and how those events led to the birth of the Spanish empire in the Americas almost by accident. Lastly, we'll meet Hernan Cortéz, a notary from a minor noble family from Extremadura in western Castile, who arrives in the new Spanish Caribbean colonies in his early 20s and quickly makes a name for himself.

On March 31, 1492, the world changed. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella issued a decree that expelled the Jews from Spain. One of the most famous paintings in the world depicts the moment from the perspective of the Catholic Church, as the local cleric accuses the Jews of trying to bribe the King into revoking the decree by claiming that the offer was the moral equivalent of thirty pieces of silver. Ancient history, you say? If only it were…

On March 31, 1492, the world changed. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella issued a decree that expelled the Jews from Spain. One of the most famous paintings in the world depicts the moment from the perspective of the Catholic Church, as the local cleric accuses the Jews of trying to bribe the King into revoking the decree by claiming that the offer was the moral equivalent of thirty pieces of silver. Ancient history, you say? If only it were… --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/plausibly-live/message

Abraham Lincoln - The Gettysburg Address - The Great Task Remaining Before Us.   Hi, I'm Christy Shriver, and we're here to discuss books that have changed the world and have changed us.    I am Garry Shriver, and this is the How to. Love Lit Podcast.  This episode we will focus on one more American document very much connected to the Letter from Birmingham jail, but in a very special way.  This document is memorized every year by students all across the United States. It's a two minute, ten sentence speech of only 272 words.  In fact, it wasn't called a speech at all, but instead it a “few appropriate remarks” given at the conclusion of a  full day of ceremony dedicating America's first national cemetery.  Today it is called the Gettysburg Address given by the 16th American president, President Abraham Lincoln.  Lincoln, very unusually accepted the invitation extended to him by a young lawyer by the name of David Wills who had been tasked with organizing the event.  One unusual thing was that on the day of the speech, although he diidn't know it yet, he had an early stage of small pox and was sick. His speech wasn't even the highlight of the event.  That honor would go to former governor and renowned orator Edward Everett.  It was received by the press with typical reviews- the democratic press denounced it, the republican papers praised it- as Lincoln was a Republican, that was to be expected.  However, today the Gettysburg Addressed is engraved inside the Lincoln Memorial, and the Lincoln Memorial has become the most visited location in the United States Nation's capital.  Over 7 million people from around the world are expected to visit it next year.  It is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and everyone who visits it will read the words spoken on that day.      The question we want consider today is why?  Is it because it's such a brilliant example of sophisticated parallelism- it is that, btw- containing ten sentences of complex structure organizing and juxtaposing complicated idea after idea- in simplified single syllable prose that was both easy to listen to and highly understandable.      Christy, as interesting as that is for an English teacher, I'm sure that's not that reason.      True- a second idea I've heard thrown away is that it's famous just because it is short and we like Lincoln.  It was easily printed that day, and newspapers carried it in its entirety around the world.  It's something easy to make kids memorize in school, and we've just gotten used to memorizing it.      Well, of course that's true too, and in that case, and by that logic, it elevatates this speech to the level of Shakespeare.  Many of us were forced to learn, “But soft what light through yonder window breaks” from Romeo or Juliet or the the lines I've seen you force on students from Julius Caesar, “Friends, Romans, Countrymen, Lend me your ear”.  But, of course, as a historian, I just don't think the literary reasons are enough to account for its enduring and even transcendental appeal.      Okay, well, we could look at the history.  Of course, there are historical reasons that it's famous.  The Battle of Gettysburg was the bloodiest engagement in the entire Civil War.  The statistics speak for themselves, after only three days of fighting, over 170,000 casualities- of those 53,000 soldiers lay dead on the ground.  It's unimaginable the level of death.    And, I guess, even I must adeit,  that's more compelling than parallelism.  But of course, that really is only interesting to those of us who are American.  Those are signicant to the history of this country, and of course that matters, but we would like to suggest that the reasons for reading and thinking about the Gettysburg Addres are much more transcendental.- This document, although an American one is belongs not only to the American continent.  The words are universal and it is because of their universality are worthy of our attention and analysis.  The Gettysburg address, although over 150 years old, resonates with practicality even in regard to today's political and philosophical discourse.  So Garry, before we address the transcendent qualities of these two paragraphs, let's begin by putting the Gettysburg address in its original historical context.     For sure, and, of course, I agree completely that it is very much transcendental in its appeal- and I want to to suggest that from the moment it was uttered, the audience knew immediately that it was important and perhaps even immortal.  There are many myths surrounding the origins of this address.  There's one that says he composed it on the train on a napkin; another that he wrote it on an envelope- both totally untrue.  Lincoln likely started writing it not long after the battle ended in July.  There's also stories that no one cared about it at the time or recognized its greatness.  That's also not true.  On November 19, 1863, the day Lincoln delivered these words, he got up to speak, and began to read his two minute speech very slowly.  However, he was interrupted five times by spontaneous applause. (by most accounts, the number of interruptions is still in dispute), but regardless- he's literally being stopped as people considered each idea.     Well, if that's the case, I don't understand why anyone would suggest, he wasn't good or well-received.      The first reason is because it's generally believed that when Lincoln finished speaking, in typical Lincoln fashion,  he turned to Marshal Lamon, a US marshal there, and said,: "Lamon, that speech won't scour! It is a flat failure and the people are disappointed."       That sounds brutal,     Well, it does but if you study Lincoln, you quickly see that self-depricating comments like that are normal for him.  He was always underselling his rhetoric, even though he was extremely skilled at it, to the point that he had famously took down the more educated more renowned Stephen Douglass in their famous debates ..  So, you can't go by Lincoln.  Instead of going by Lincoln's off handed remark, a better judge would be the opinion of the key note speaker of the event, Edward Everett- the man man universally considered the undisputed greatest orator of his generation.  Everett had been center stage for the entire day and had been given two hours to speak., but his opinion of Lincoln's appropriate remarks could be summarized by a comment Everett himself made to Lincoln a bit later, "I should be glad, if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central idea of the occasion, in two hours, as you did in two minutes."- and yes- Everett's speech was all of two hours.        Wow. Clearly, Lincoln made an impression on his immediate audience.  So, let's remember who that audience was,- obviously there were politicians, dignitaries and journalists- this was the first time in the United States that the federal government had built a cemetery, so that was a big deal.  But beyond the VIP guests, there were thousands of Union soldiers, relatives of soldiers, and regular people who lived in the town of Gettysburg- which was actually a bustling county seat, even if only 2000 residents today seems small.  There were people there whose friends and family members were literally buried in the dirt before them. Of the 15,000 people in attendance that day, none would escape the personal pain of loss represented by that cemetery.  For many of us today, it's strange to think of 15,000 people coming out to a cemetery dedication, even an important one, even one where the president would be at.  In fact, the American Civil War itself is difficult to understand.  Of course, we know it was about slavery, we also know that most of it was fought in the South, but realistically, and almost all of the casualities were white men.  This is not an uprising of people liberating themselves at all- it's not a revolution or a rebellion.      No, there had been a few slave rebellions, notably Nat Turner, but he'd had no weapons. More recently and more realistically and more frightening to the South was the one John Brown almost pulled one off at Harper's Ferry in 1859.      But those events were before and  not part of Civil War  It was the South that succeeded, not the North.  Lincoln was in favor of preserving the Union, not splitting it up, and although he was against slavery,  he was willing, at least in the beginning to be satisfied by just keeping it from expanding.      True, he was also in favor of compensated emancipation.  His idea was to emancipate the slaves by buying them from slave owners for $400 a person- but this was something the Southern States rejected.      Well and because Gettysburg isn't even in the South; you'd image that slavery would feel far away.- the way slave labor feels today.  We don't actually see it, so we tend to dismiss it.  There were no slaves in Gettysburg.  And finally, a  fact, I learned when moving to the the South but interesting to understand, even to this day many in the South don't claim that the Civil War was a war over slavery.    True- there is a lot to be confused about the Civil War in general and the Battle of Gettysburg particularly.  Let's go with the easy stuff than get to the most complicated.  First of all- location- Gettysburg is in Pennsylvania.  Pennsylvania, if you look on a map is between Maryland to the South and New York to the North.  It's 82 north of Washington DC.   BTW, just for a reference Washington DC, which of course is the capital of the North is basically halfway between Gettysburg and Richmond, the capital of the South is in Virginia- Gettyburg is a little under a two hour drive to DC and Richmond a little over two hours- depending on the traffic, of course.       So if DC is halfway between Richmond and Gettysburg, it seems kind of out of the way for the. South to be invading it.      Well, that's true too, but let's go back to  the issue of why they were fighting to begin with.  For a Long time, on both sides of the Atlantic that was up for debate.     On December 20, 1860, a special convention in South Carolina unanimously voted to succeed. Now remember, the Gettysburg address isn't until 1863, but even after 1863, the US will fight for two more years.  Not long after that, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana left and eventually a total of 11 Southern states seceded from the United States.      If you had asked any Southern farm boy fighting on the ground why he was fighting, he would have likely told you he was fighting for “States Rights”- and of course that was true.    Most of the young men fighting in the field were not Slave holders, nor would ever be.  But the aristocratic Southern leaders who did own slaves and who controlled all of the money, the media, and the assets wanted the right  to control their way of life.  They preached that democracy itself- was under siege because of the election of the radical Republican anti-slavery Mid-western uneducated redneck lawyer Abraham Lincoln.  Lincoln's election marked the first time that a president had been elected without the vote of a single Southern State, and it was foreseeable that the South would never again be represented as they had been in the past- after all there were more states now and that trend was growing.      So, Lincoln was the threat to slavery.      Yes- but it went beyond that really, if you can believe that.  We can't just look at the Civil War from an American perspective- the entire world was watching- and monarchies across the ocean were watching nervously.  And this is where our arrogance of the presence really has a difficult time conceptualizing a world 150 years.  In 1860, there weren't democracies around world, and in fact, the whole idea  of democracy seemed ridiculous for most of the world.  It is true that African-Americans could not vote in America, nor could women, but most American men were given a voice as to their future- and America was the only place this had happened up to this point.  Otto von Bismarck who led the great nation of Germany during their reunification days and beyond voiced the general opinion of many leaders on the continent when he said that in his early life his tendencies were all toward republicanism, but he had discovered when you have governed men for several years , that a liberal will be transformed from a Republican to a monarchist.”  He, along with most on planet earth on that time, believed you could not build a great nation or build prosperity without authority.  Leaders had to be authoritarian to be successful- and many great leaders who had built great kingdoms around the world over the course of human history- had proven that to be true.  The generally accepted idea, of the inhabitants on our planet,  to quote Orwell is that some people really are are more equal than others, and those who are the most equal are entitled to commensurate wealth and power.  The reason I reference Bismarck and European history is that the European experience of the 1840s seemed to confirm this.  Democratic uprising after uprising faltered. - Of course, most of us are familiar with the French Revolution which sadly descended into chaos and then tyranny with Napoleon.  That's a predominant example, but it's not the only one.  Spain and Russia had both had democratic uprisings come and fail.  The Revolutions of 1848 had seen Republican uprisings all over the continent, but they all failed.  Monarchs held the authority- monarchs knew what was best.  Regular people were not smart enough, not informed enough, nor disciplined enough to rule themselves.  Average people needed to be told what to do and what to think- and most importantly they needed to stay in their place.  And so…The European monarchs were filled with schadenfreude to watch the red-neck, ill mannered, uncouth average under-educated Americans blow up their entire democratic experiment with war not even 100 years after Thomas Jefferson arrogantly pronounced to the European aristocracy the new idea that all men were created equal and they were going to build a country on that principle.  The Spanish ambassador wrote back to Queen Isabella, “The Union is in agony and Our mission is not to delay its death.”      And the very idea that President Lincoln, would risk the entire experiment  under the banner of equality and the equality of African-Americans- slaves- no less- was absurd to consider, and to watch the ship wreck would be a relief.  For most of the world, the Southern model of aristocratic control of resources, the authority and rule of those who know better was the proven model- and even though most European countries did not support slavery up until the Emancipation Proclamation and then the Gettysburg address, they didn't see the Civil War as entirely about that.  The south was very much an oligarchy that was directly descended from European style feudalism.     So, by States rights, we mean more than slavery but including slavery.      For sure at the beginning of the war, but by 1863, and really through the rhetoric of the Gettysburg Address- Lincoln shifted the war from being about states rights.  He made the central issue one of human equality.  If America was to be a land of liberty, it would be about every man's God-given right to be who can make himself to be before a just and omniscient God.  It made no sense for half of it to own slaves.  It's not about the states at all- it's about the people- the people who inhabited the land of liberty.     And had this always been Lincoln's personal belief- in the equality of every human before God?    That's always been the question, although, I don't even know if it's a fair question.  When we think about Thomas Jefferson who wrote the Declaration of Independence, for example, we think about his personal inconsistency of owning slaves.  But, I think, and I recommend going back and listening to our episode on the Declaration of Independence, that even Jefferson's ideals evolved and though he never fully realized them in his personal life, he did believe them, If Jefferson and Washington can be called the Founding Fathers of the American experiment, which they are, Lincoln  led the country to make the personal sacrifices to establish it.        In 1861, Lincoln became the 16th president of the United States.  If we look at his ideas on slavery and equality from those early years, we can see that he always hated the idea of owning people, and he always believed in economic equality.        What we can't see for sure is that he believed in social equality like we understand it today. But. he always hated human bondage.  He believed that African-Americans should be allowed to work and have financial freedom to build their own lives.  He spoke of African-Americans as citizens and as humans.  But, at the same time, as president, Lincoln did not believe, he had the authority to simply abolish slavery simply based on his personal convictions.  It was protected by the US constitution.  For Lincoln, it would take a constitutional amendment to free them-     Which is what eventually happened.      Yes, but by 1863, we can see through Lincoln's public statements, that he was willing to walk back the idea that he couldn't single-handedly free slaves.  He had given African-Americans equality under military law- they had the right to serve the country- and over 200,000 of them would do so by the end of the war.  The. Southern States were in rebellion, and because of that, the North had the right to seize property as a wartime concession.  If slaves were property, he would seize them and free them.  And, so he did.  In September of 1862, five days after the battle of Antietam- the first Union non-loss and the single deadliest day of the Civil War, Lincoln makes the statement that as of January 1, 1863, “all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."  It is called the Emancipation Proclamation. The language was charged , but in reality, it had no real authority.  It only applied to the states in rebellion, and there wasn't any real way of enforcing it besides the war they were already waging,  But what it did do, was signal what was coming, should the South fail to succeed things would change drastically.     And so we finally get to Gettysburg.  The Battle of Gettysburg would come in July after the Emancipation Proclamation.  So, how  and why does the Southern Army get all the way to Pennsylvania?.       General Robert E Lee, who was the most important leader of the South, the leader of the notorious Southern Army decided time was not on the side of the South  They needed the people in the North to feel the pain of the war;  they needed to face the North on Northern soil.      And, an election year was coming up. There was northern opposition to the war called the copperhead movement. Lee believed a quick strike victory in northern territory would fuel the anti-war copperheaad movement, so there was a political motivation as well.    The Southern Army had better leadership and their troops were more skilled.  The problem was that the North had more of everything- else more men, more guns, more food, more resources.  The war was going on too long.  Lee felt he must bring the war to the homes of the people in the North, so they would demand that Lincoln relinquish.  It was a gamble, but he marched his army of 75,000 well-trained battle hardened soldiers onto Pennsylvania soil.  General George Meade was Lincoln's choice to lead the Union Army of the Potomac to confront them- although they didn't really know for sure they would be meeting in Gettysburg, they knew there was going to be a clash.  The Union Army had around 85,000 soldiers.      After three days of fighting, the confederates lost 23,000 men; the Union lost 28,000- but the confederate army was forced to retreat out of Pennsylvania.  So, in theory Gettysburg was Union victory, but in reality who wins with so much death- it was a pyrrhic victory at best.    Exactly, and we must understand that the losses were felt.  12 Southern states and 18 northern states sent troops to Gettysburg.  Every family at this point in the war had experienced personal loss to some degree.  In fact, just to put the entire Civil War in perspective, more Americans died in the Civil war than in World War 1, 2, Vietnam, Korea, and Afghanistan combined.  At the time there was an estimated 620,000 deaths out of a population of 31 million, modern day historians, however, looking back at the historical record claim that number is likely closer to 820,000- in other words 1 out of every 10 white American males was dead within those four years.     And so standing at that cemetery dedication in November of 1863 looking out at the ones who had survived was the man mostly responsible for the carnage- and not just the carnage of Gettysburg, but for all of it and for the more that was to come.  Lincoln wanted to be at that cemetery dedication and he felt compelled to put in words the WHY.  He had been thinking on what to say for a while.  How could he ever explain what was worth so much death?  For an answer like that, one must think transcendentallym and so what he began to speech, he uttered familiar words,  words  easily recognizable  as coming from the diction and speech patterns of the commonly read and understood King James version of the Bible.     “Four Score and Seven Years ago, our Fathers brought forth on This Continent a New nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.”      Psalm 90:10 in the Bible reads “ The days of our years are threescore years and ten;  and if by reason of strength they be fourscore years,”     The subtext may be lost on us, most who have never even opened the King James Version of the Bible, but in 1863, there is no one who would have not immediately recognized the phrase “score” meaning 20 years- that's how the bible talked.  The allusion and subtext is obvious.    Our lives our short- counted in scores—the life of our country is too- four score- a human life- but when we came to this country, when our fathers came here, they came here on a Biblical principle that every man was created by God and by virtue of God's creation we are all of equal value.  I am of value- and therefore- so are you.  It's about African-American slaves- yes- but it's about all of us- if they are not equal- than no one is.  That's the subtext.    And let me add this, it wasn't just the founding fathers that came to America.  Immigration to America during the Civil War years was in full throttle, which is strange if you think about it.  1 out of every 4 Union soldier was a first generation immigrant.  Think about that, thousands came to America, got off the boat,  picked up a gun, and fought for a country they had barely met.  Why do that? Why did they leave Europe?  Was it because of that very promise of equality?  I think it's likely. Many came because of a promise- this promise.    Now we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure.     See, he's addressing the idea of republicanism or democracy in general.  They told us it wasn't possible.  Is it true that a bunch of under-educated rednecks carving out their own lives on their own terms- on the terms that every one is truly equal, is it true that such a group of people can exist?      We are met on a great battlefield of that war.  We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.  It is all together fitting and proper that we should do this.    Let me add, this, if you go to the Gettysburg Cemetery today, you will see there is the official cemetery where all the soldiers are buried, but near it, still in the park, is another cemetery- a normal one.  This cemetery at the time of the dedication was called Citizens Cemetery.  Like most cemeteries, it has beautiful headmarkers of every shape and size- some big because the deceased is an important person, some smaller- we've all seen a cemetery- but if you look across from Citizens cemetery to the one Lincoln was dedicating,  the military one- you will see that every burial marker is the same.  The men that are buried there are not distinguished by class, status or anything- no one is more equal than the other- the 15,000 there on that inaugural day would have seen this distinction.   They would have understood that those markers represented the idea for which their loved ones died.    But, in a larger, sense we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.  The Brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.      The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.    And of course, those are the most ironic lines of the entire speech.  After Lincolns' assassination in April 1865, Senator CharlesSumner of Massachusetts wrote of the Gettysburg address, “That speech, uttered at the field of Gettysburg…and now sanctified by the martyrdom of its author, is a monumental act. In the modesty of his nature he said ‘the world will little note, nor long remember what we say here; but it can never forget what they did here.' He was mistaken. The world at once noted what he said, and will never cease to remember it.”    And of course, it is at this point that he changes directions in the speech.  It is not about looking back anymore.  It's not about honoring anymore- it's about moving forward.  What is this war about?  What is worth so much carnage and personal loss.  Here is the answer.     It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”    We must not quit.  We must not quit.  We must not quit.      You know, the words “under God” were not in the manuscript Lincoln used on the day.  It wasn't part of the prepared remarks.  We know he said under God because it was in the transcripts and in the copies made later, but it was not in the original version of the text.  It was spontaneious but it was not casually uttered.  In fact here at the end there are other intentional phrases that a Biblical church-goer would recognize- the idea of a new Birth is a New Testament idea from the words of Jesus Christ- the promise that every sinner can have a second chance- a redemptive moment to start again.  The phrases “resting place” , “might life”, “in vain”, “shall not perish from the earth”, are all taken from different parts of Biblical text that were recognizable.  So, why do that?  Why harken to Biblical language.  I think it's because of that last phrase- the one where he repeated the same word three times- three different way' of the people, by the people, for the people- it is about the dignity and worth of every human- you plus I.  It is the shared belief of the crowd that day, that life, liberty, freedom- it was one thing- and it was a gift from God- something the state or no person- no matter how great or powerful- had the right to take from another.  There IS something greater than any great man or human institution- and that is a creator God.  For the monotheistic audience of that day, in that crowd, Lincoln was declaring that it was not by his authority, but it was by virtue of God's authority that they gave their lives.  They had a fighting chance, if they would defend it, that their children, their neighbors and all the people of this land would indeed be free.      And of course, it is for the transcendency of this reason that when Dr. King got up to give his I Have a Dream Speech 100 years later, he would start with his own reference to that Biblical language      Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.    Yes, and when President Barak Obama got up to give his first inaugural address in 2009, he references Gettysburg, and ends his speech with these words, and I quote President Obama, “Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.”     And of course, it is transcendent; this is not just an American ideal or even just a Christian one- although that was the exigence of Lincoln's moment .  Today, almost half the countries of the world are democracies of some sort.  Today, only a little over half of the residents of the United States claim to be Christian.  But the ideal of a government of the people, by the people and for the people- resonates in the human heart.  The proposition that all men are created equal- as limited as we have understood it at times, is still the heartbeat of many human souls.      Christy, you're starting to sound like a preacher.    HA!!  If I can sound like Lincoln, that would be a compliment.    Indeed, it would be- thank you for listening.  ladeedadeeda   

In this episode, the Dauphin is invited back into Paris, and restores his relationship with the Parisians. Charles of Navarre surrounds Paris. The French can't pay for their King's ransom. You can reach me at leaopardandlilies @ gmail.com or https://www.facebook.com/theleopardandthelily Dates: July 31, 1358: Étienne Marcel dies August 1, 1358: Paris invites Prince Charles back; Charles of Navarre has a draft treaty with England drafted August 2, 1358: The Dauphin returns to Paris August 3, 1358: Charles of Navarre renounces his homage and attempted crowning August 4, 1358: Charles of Navarre occupies Melun August 22, 1358: Queen Isabella dies August sometime, 1358: Pope Innocent IV recalls his legates and asks them to help the Regent and the Companies make peace September 21, 1358: Stephen Cusington arrives in London with Charles of Navarre's proposed treaty November something, 1358: French representatives inform London that they can't pay the King's ransom November 20, 1358: King Edward sends a message to the Dauphin, informing him that he is no longer bound by the treaty November 27, 1358: Burial of Queen Isabella December 6, 1358: King Edward orders the requisitioning of ships and the recruitment of archers  December 12, 1358: King Edward sends Stephen of Cusington and Richard Totesham to France with a reply to Charles of Navarre, and orders to get the companies under control

Princess Isabella of France married into English royalty when she wed the prince who would become Edward II. She had dreams of wealth, family, love, and power. But when she moved to her new home, her husband favorited someone else. And then... someone else again. So, she lost her love, her family, and her power... all due to her husband's connections with Piers Gaveston and Hugh Despenser. Marissa and Matthew talk about the two favorites of her husband and how they met their demise.Twitter & Facebook: @macabrepediaInstagram: @macabrepediapodEmail us at: macabrepediapod@gmail.comBuzzsprout affiliate link: https://www.buzzsprout.com/?referrer_id=1800435Support the show