Podcasts about vinney

In this episode, we explore how focusing on the right actions can lead to greater success in real estate investing. Vinney shares insights on wealth building and effective investment strategies that can enhance your passive income. Don't miss out on this valuable discussion that emphasizes doing what truly matters!

In this episode of Powerline Podcast, I sit down with safety professionals from Arizona Public Service to unpack a different way of thinking about safety, one rooted in Human and Organizational Performance (HOP) and the belief that error is normal, learning is vital, and blame doesn't improve work.We explore how HOP shows up in real-world, high-risk environments like linework and substations, why traditional safety approaches often fall short, and how APS's Safety Coach Program is helping shift safety culture from compliance to learning. This conversation goes deep into trust, accountability without blame, and how crews move from feeling like “the problem” to becoming part of the solution.The group shares hard-earned lessons from decades in the trade, from working the tools, to foreman roles, to shaping safety culture at scale. We talk openly about resistance in the field, measuring impact beyond incident rates, and what it really takes to build a learning organization where people feel safe to speak up.

Revenue doesn't grow by accident — it grows by intention. In this clip from The Abundance Mindset, Vinney Chopra breaks down why his businesses succeed where others stall. After building and operating over 30 businesses across real estate and hospitality, Vinney explains that success comes from treating assets like businesses — not trophies. Gualter Amarelo highlights how small revenue levers, when executed consistently, compound into massive results. From charging for underused parking to pricing based on experience, the lesson is simple: if you don't design revenue, you don't get it. And culture plays a major role — because how your team communicates value matters just as much as what you charge.

The best deals rarely feel comfortable at first. That's exactly why they work.

Entrepreneurship isn't about quitting your job tomorrow. It's about creating options, leverage, and time freedom.

In this episode of The Vinney and Beau Show, Vinney and Beau dive into what really separates experienced investors from the rest—especially when markets feel uncertain. With stocks swinging, interest rates shifting, and headlines creating noise, they break down how seasoned investors stay calm, focused, and intentional.   This is an honest conversation about navigating cycles, avoiding emotional decisions, and understanding where real opportunity shows up when others hesitate.   They cover key ideas that are shaping today's investor mindset, including:

In this episode of The Abundance Mindset, hosts Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down a topic most investors overlook — how culture inside your sales and marketing teams directly impacts occupancy, cash flow, and long-term success. Vinney shares lessons from building and operating thousands of units across multifamily, senior living, and hospitality, while Gualter brings real-world challenges from actively scaling his own portfolio.   This conversation dives deep into what actually drives performance on the ground:

The real opportunity isn't everywhere—it's in solving one clear problem.

Artificial Intelligence is no longer a future concept—it's already reshaping how investors, entrepreneurs, and operators build wealth today. In this episode of The Abundance Mindset, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down how AI is being used right now to save time, scale decision-making, and eliminate inefficiencies in real estate and business. Vinney Chopra, a real estate syndicator, best-selling author, and mentor who built a massive portfolio after arriving in the U.S. with just $7, shares how AI tools and "digital clones" are changing productivity and investor communication.   During the conversation, they dive into practical, real-world applications of AI that go far beyond hype:

AI rewards those who learn to conduct it, not fear it. In this episode of The Vinney And Beau Show, Vinney Chopra and Beau Eckstein explain why AI is becoming one of the greatest leverage tools of our lifetime—and why those who ignore it risk falling behind fast. Vinney opens by framing AI not as a threat, but as an extension of human capability when used intentionally. Beau compares AI to a musical orchestra: powerful on its own, but unstoppable when guided by a skilled conductor. Used correctly, AI accelerates research, uncovers opportunities, and shortens learning curves that once took years. Beau shares how AI helped him identify new funding sources, evaluate capital partners, and move faster in complex deals. In this episode, listeners learn:

AI isn't the future. It's already rebuilding the world around us.   On The Vinney And Beau Show, Vinney Chopra and Beau Eckstein dive into how artificial intelligence is no longer theoretical—it's physical, operational, and reshaping entire industries. Vinney shares firsthand insights from conversations with top innovators and partners who are using AI-driven factories to build homes and hotels at speeds that would've sounded impossible just a few years ago.   Entire buildings are now pre-cut by robots, shipped to job sites, and assembled in a fraction of the time. Materials are stronger, lighter, and more precise. What once took months now takes days. And the ripple effect? Massive savings in time, labor, and interest costs—while improving quality and consistency.   What you'll learn in this episode:

Build Ownership is about more than leaving a job—it's about taking control of your time, decisions, and future. In this episode of The Vinney and Beau Show, Vinney Chopra and Beau Eckstein unpack what ownership really means in today's rapidly changing economy. From artificial intelligence to market shifts, they share why those who think and act like owners will separate themselves in 2026 and beyond.   In this conversation, Vinney and Beau break down real-world lessons and trends they're seeing firsthand:  

In this episode of The Abundance Mindset, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down a simple truth most investors and business owners overlook: when marketing slows down, everything else follows.   This episode dives deep into what actually works when it comes to marketing and leasing in real estate and business:

In this episode of Investor Impact, Vinney Chopra sits down with Damion Lupo, a longtime innovator in investing and housing, to explore how technology is reshaping the way homes, apartments, and hotels are built. Damion is the inventor of the EQRP retirement strategy and the Chairman and CIO of FrameTech — a construction technology company using AI, robotics, and advanced manufacturing to solve one of America's biggest problems: housing affordability.   Together, Vinney and Damion unpack what's broken in traditional construction and how FrameTech is changing the game:  

**Episode Title:** Journey Beyond: Vinney Todd Tolman's Near-Death Experience**Episode Description:**In this extraordinary episode of "How I Made It Through," host Bernadette Thompson sits down with Vinney Todd Tolman, who shares his profound near-death experience and the life-altering insights he gained from it. At the age of 25, Vinney was pronounced dead and placed in a body bag, only to miraculously return to life nearly an hour later. His journey, as detailed in his book "The Light After Death," unveils the incredible encounters and lessons he learned during his time beyond the veil. From meeting his spiritual guide, Drake, to experiencing the interconnectedness of all things, Vinney's story is a testament to the power of love, authenticity, and the eternal nature of the soul. This episode is a deep dive into the mysteries of life and death, and the transformative power of spiritual awakening.**Chapter Markers:**- **[00:00] Introduction**- Bernadette Thompson introduces the episode and guest, Vinney Todd Tolman.- **[03:00] The Fateful Day in 2003**- Vinney recounts the events leading up to his near-death experience.- **[06:00] The Overdose and Out-of-Body Experience**- Vinney describes the overdose incident and his initial out-of-body experience.- **[09:00] The Journey Begins**- Vinney watches events unfold from above and hears the thoughts of those around him.- **[12:00] The Rookie Medic's Intuition**- A rookie medic's intuition saves Vinney's life, leading to his miraculous revival.- **[15:00] Meeting the Guide, Drake**- Vinney meets his spiritual guide, Drake, and begins to learn profound lessons.- **[18:00] Lessons in Authenticity and Love**- Drake teaches Vinney about the importance of authenticity and love.- **[21:00] The Nature of Earth School**- Vinney learns about the purpose of life on Earth and the illusion of time.- **[24:00] The Power of Prejudice and Unity**- Vinney confronts his own prejudices and learns about the interconnectedness of all life.- **[27:00] The Vision of Heaven**- Vinney describes his experience of heaven and the overwhelming love he felt there.- **[30:00] The Retu:rn to Earth**- Vinney's brother's prayer brings him back to life, and he reflects on his journey.- **[33:00] A Miraculous Confirmation**- Vinney discovers the identity of his guide, Drake, and finds validation in his experience.- **[36:00] Embracing the Experience**- Vinney discusses the impact of his experience on his life and mental health.**Resources:**- Vinney Todd Tolman's book: The Light After Death, Vincent Todd Tolman with Lynn Taylor- Learn more about near-death experiences: International Association of Near Death Studies - IANDS.org- Connect with Vinney on social media: [Instagram](#) | [Twitter](#)Connect with Bernadette ThompsonTell Me Our Story, Ancestral Healing , website www.tellmeourstory.comAlso at Ancestral Healing Center:YouTube@Ancestralhealingcenterwww.AncestralHealingCenter.com**Call-to-Action:**If Vinney's story resonated with you, please consider sharing this episode with friends and family who might find inspiration in his journey. Don't forget to subscribe to "How I Made It Through" for more incredible stories of resilience and transformation. Leave us a review on your favorite podcast platform to let us know what you think!

AI isn't coming for jobs — it's already here reshaping everything.

When markets feel loud, smart investors start asking better questions — not panicking.

In this episode, Vinney Chopra leads a thoughtful mastermind discussion on where the economy may be heading and how investors can position themselves wisely. From real estate cycles and regional market differences to the unseen forces shaping employment and wealth, Vinney brings clarity to a noisy and uncertain landscape using grounded experience instead of speculation.   Key areas covered in the conversation include:  

Most investors chase returns. Wealthy investors chase what they keep. In this powerful episode, Vinney Chopra breaks down why taxes—not returns—are the real battlefield for high earners, and how sophisticated investors legally compound wealth using the tax code. You'll learn how strategies like cost segregation, bonus and accelerated depreciation, smart leverage, and 1031 exchanges allow investors to generate real cash flow while reporting paper losses. Vinney explains why cash flow from Day One isn't luck or aggression—it's intentional underwriting, operational excellence, and intelligent structuring, especially in hospitality and commercial real estate. This episode also dives into: Why banks prefer lending to wealthy investors How leverage becomes a tool (not a risk) when used correctly Why idle cash quietly loses purchasing power How traditional 401(k)s may be limiting your wealth potential Why prepared investors will move faster—and smarter—in 2026 How off-market hotel deals, lender workouts, and operational turnarounds create outsized upside If you're a high-income professional, accredited investor, or business owner who pays too much in taxes and wants quiet, tax-efficient wealth, this episode will change how you think about investing. Want to see how these strategies may work for you?Book a complimentary 20-minute strategy call with Vinney (Smile

A doctor recently messaged Vinney Chopra and said, "Your book and your investment guidance changed my life." In this moving episode, Vinney shares real stories from doctors, nurses, and families who spent years caring for others—but were never taught how to care for their own financial future. From discovering passive income through Apartment Syndication Made Easy, to creating monthly cash flow that pays for private school tuition, supports aging parents, and replaces exhausting extra shifts—these are stories of transformation. You'll hear how investing in multifamily, senior living, and mindset changed lives—not overnight, but one smart decision at a time. These messages are why Vinney writes, teaches, and invests with passion: to help good people take control of their money, their peace, and their legacy. If you've ever felt stuck, tired, or unsure where to begin, this episode will remind you that your own testimony may be closer than you think.

If you had told Vinney Chopra 45 years ago that one small investment decision would change every part of his life, he wouldn't have believed it. In this heartfelt episode, Vinney shares the moment it all began—hands shaking, fear present, but courage stronger. What followed wasn't just a billion-dollar real estate portfolio, but something far more meaningful: freedom. Freedom of time, peace of mind, family security, and the joy of helping thousands of investors build passive income, financial confidence, and lasting legacies. From empowering accredited investors through syndications, to creating dignified senior living communities, meaningful jobs, and tax-advantaged wealth, Vinney reflects on how investing—done the right way—creates impact far beyond money. This episode is for anyone wondering if investing can truly change their life. The answer is yes—predictably, intentionally, and beautifully—starting with one decision. Ready to take that first step toward freedom and abundance? Book a complimentary 20-minute strategy call with Vinney (Smile

After analyzing over $500 million in hospitality deals across major U.S. markets, Vinney Chopra shares three hard-earned lessons that separate tourists from tycoons in hotel investing. In this episode, Vinney explains why hotels are not passive real estate, but 24/7 operating businesses where experience—not rent—drives revenue. He breaks down how operational excellence, not just market appreciation, creates value, and why small improvements in ADR can unlock millions in equity. You'll also learn why big brands don't always mean big profits, and how PIPs and royalty fees can quietly crush cash flow. This conversation is a must-listen for investors who want higher yields, real alpha, and true control over performance by buying and optimizing the business—not just the building.

People often ask Vinney Chopra when investing truly changed his life—and the answer may surprise you. It wasn't one big breakthrough, but a series of small, unseen miracles. In this deeply personal episode, Vinney shares his journey from fear, uncertainty, and working three jobs with very little to his name, to building a life of abundance, purpose, and gratitude. Investing didn't just change his finances—it transformed his mission, his family's future, and the lives of countless others. From trusting himself when others said "be careful," to staying consistent when things were hard, Vinney reflects on what it really takes to build wealth the right way—slowly, predictably, and beautifully, by learning, partnering wisely, and never giving up. This episode is for anyone who's ever felt stuck, underestimated, or unsure—but hopeful that the American Dream is still alive. If you're ready to begin your own testimony of financial freedom and legacy building, book a complimentary 20-minute strategy call with Vinney (Smile

High income doesn't automatically create wealth—especially when taxes, inflation, and idle cash quietly work against you. In this episode, Vinney (Smile

Words are energy—and the words we speak every day quietly shape our lives, our relationships, and our future. In this episode, Vinney (Smile

Momentum creates wealth — stagnation quietly kills it.   In this inspiring moment from The Abundance Mindset, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo talk about momentum, education, and why action compounds just like money. Vinney Smile Chopra reflects on decades of investing, explaining how confidence grows through learning, and learning turns into deal flow. Gualter shares how education, mentorship, and execution created massive growth in just a few years.   Vinney compares wealth-building to a locomotive: it takes effort to start, but once it moves, momentum carries it forward. He explains why calculated risks, informed decisions, and continuous education are non-negotiables for long-term success. They also address today's market reality — opportunity still exists for those who are prepared and positioned.   What this clip teaches:

Math doesn't lie — and it exposes why saving alone keeps you stuck.   In this powerful segment of The Abundance Mindset, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down the math behind wealth using one simple concept: the Rule of 72. Vinney shows how low returns stretch wealth-building timelines into decades, while strategic returns compress them into years. Gualter brings real-life examples, from education investments to seller financing, showing how intentional deployment changes everything.   Vinney Smile Chopra emphasizes that wealth is not about chasing risk — it's about understanding return, compounding, and positioning your capital wisely. Gualter shares how investing in education and mentorship produced exponential returns that no savings account could ever match. Together, they explain why wealthy people review their portfolios, reposition buckets, and allow money to work harder than they do.   What listeners will take away:

Most people believe saving money is the responsible thing to do. But what if that habit is quietly costing you your future wealth?   In this episode of The Abundance Mindset, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down why money that sits still actually loses power over time—and how fear-based saving can limit opportunity. Vinney shares lessons from building a massive real estate portfolio after coming to the U.S. with just $7, while Gualter connects those principles to real decisions investors are making right now.   Here's what they dive into:

The rooms you choose quietly decide how big you'll grow.   In this powerful segment of The Vinney And Beau Show, Vinney (Smile) Chopra and Beau Eckstein dive into the rules of scaling and why incremental growth often keeps broken systems alive. Drawing inspiration from Dr. Benjamin Hardy's Rules of Scaling, they challenge listeners to rethink timelines, goals, and priorities.   Beau explains how compressing a 10-year goal into a 3-year vision forces clarity and eliminates distractions. Vinney reinforces the idea that focus and passion can compress weeks of work into days — if you cut the noise and stay intentional. Together, they highlight why surrounding yourself with the right people and ideas changes what feels possible.   Key takeaways from this clip:

Success isn't just built through money — it's built through memories.   In this heartfelt segment of The Vinney And Beau Show, Vinney (Smile) Chopra and Beau Eckstein zoom out and talk about what success is really for. After years of growing businesses and teaching others across real estate investing, they reflect on friendships, family, legacy, and why time freedom matters more than any number in a bank account.   Vinney shares personal reflections about making memories while you're alive — not just leaving money behind. Beau adds perspective on how wealth is meant to buy freedom: freedom to travel, to be present, and to design a life you actually enjoy. It's a powerful reminder that growth should serve life, not replace it.   What listeners take away from this moment:

Dreams fade—written goals with deadlines create wealth.

Want more money? Stop chasing it—and start structuring it smarter.

As the calendar flips toward a new year, Vinney (Smile) Chopra and Beau Eckstein sit down for a meaningful conversation about growth, scaling, and designing a better life through smarter business decisions. In this episode of The Vinney and Beau Show, they explore the idea of ELF Businesses — businesses that are Easy to run, Lucrative to own, and Fun to scale — and why this framework is especially powerful for busy professionals and investors.   The episode blends mindset with execution, covering topics such as:

In this powerful Abundance Thursday episode, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down one of the most misunderstood wealth principles: "Who has your money?" Vinney Chopra, who came to America with just $7 and went on to build a portfolio across multifamily, senior living, and hospitality, shares real-life lessons from decades of investing. Joined by Gualter Amarelo, best-selling author of Broke to a Quarter-Million and host of the Alchemist Nation Podcast, this conversation blends mindset, strategy, and practical wisdom into one eye-opening discussion.   Together, they unpack how money truly moves in business and investing, including:

In this powerful Abundance Thursdays episode, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo break down what it really takes to build long-term wealth in a market full of uncertainty. They open up about personal challenges, delayed closings, changing investor needs, and the mindset shift that turns setbacks into stepping stones. Together, they reveal why the most successful investors aren't avoiding problems—they're running toward them with solutions.   Throughout the episode, Vinney and Gualter share real-world examples and explain today's biggest issues in multifamily, hospitality, and passive investing, including:

On this episode of the Apartment Syndication Made Easy Podcast, Vinney sits down with Mike Desrosiers, a seasoned operator managing over $100M in multifamily assets across the U.S. Mike's journey is filled with real-world lessons that every syndicator—new or experienced—needs to hear. From fires to hurricanes to market shifts, Mike shares how resilience, quick action, and a positive mindset have allowed him to keep scaling.   Mike and Vinney get into the true behind-the-scenes of running syndications, managing partners, and protecting investors. They break down real events that shaped Mike's approach, including:

This episode brings together Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo for a grounded and motivating conversation about the true engine of wealth: consistency. From family moments to daily routines, Vinney shares openly about the small, steady habits—like walking every day, learning constantly, and teaching what he knows—that shaped his entire career. Before he wrote books, bought hotels, or raised millions, he simply showed up consistently.   Throughout the discussion, they unpack why consistency outperforms raw talent or inspiration every time. Using real examples from business, investing, and personal growth, they make the message clear: if you're scattered, you can't compound.

What happens when raw determination meets a mission bigger than yourself? In this episode, Brandon Gosselin shows us exactly that. His journey — and the movement he's building — is a masterclass in turning grit, faith, and relentless purpose into real-world transformation.   Inside the episode, we unpack:

Found Dead in a Dairy Queen Bathroom… What Vinney Saw on the Other Side.

In this powerful episode of The Vinney & Beau Show, hosts Vinney Chopra and Beau Eckstein dig deep into an issue so many high-earning professionals silently carry: feeling stuck. They talk openly about why people making "good money" often still feel trapped by their jobs, their expenses, and the pressure to maintain a certain lifestyle. This conversation is grounded, relatable, and filled with real talk about what it truly takes to step into freedom.   They break down the real reasons people stay stuck—beyond the salary, beyond the fear—and explain what actually works in today's economic environment. You'll hear them unpack:

In this powerful and eye-opening conversation, real estate legend Vinney Chopra and bestselling author Gualter Amarelo break down one of the most misunderstood topics in personal finance: the four types of money that determine whether someone stays stuck or builds real, lasting wealth. Vinney shares stories from his life — from arriving in America with $7 to building a multimillion-dollar portfolio — and Gualter brings in his unique "Alchemist" perspective on how everyday people can rewrite their financial future using simple, proven frameworks.   Together, they unpack the core lessons most people never learn, including:  

In this powerful mastermind session of Investor Impact: Power Talks with Vinney Chopra, host Vinney Smile Chopra brings his signature positivity, humor, and wisdom to a raw, real conversation about raising capital and scaling multifamily portfolios. Joined by his Inner Circle members—including deal partners navigating real transactions—they dive deep into what actually drives momentum in real estate: mindset, clarity, and consistent action.   The discussion centers around how confidence and abundance thinking lead to better decisions, smoother deals, and investor trust.   The group openly shares their current projects and challenges, exploring:

In this powerful episode, Vinney Chopra and Gualter Amarelo dive into a real conversation about what it really takes to build millionaire-level passive income in today's market. From hotel takeovers to multifamily turnarounds, both share honest insights on what's working, what's broken, and how investors can make smart, life-changing decisions without wasting years learning the hard way. It's real talk, backed by real numbers, and grounded in decades of combined experience.   They break down the mindset and mechanics behind choosing a business—or an investment—that actually has the capacity to generate a million dollars. Along the way, they unpack:

Funky Athens, delaying a ferry on the island of Andros, swimming around an old woman, free drinks from a Greek, the acropolis, Zeus. On a mission to visit 100 countries: Still on country 96. Right-click to download podcast.Download or subscribe: Apple / Spotify / Amazon / YouTubePodcastsDonate here to contribute towards hosting these podcasts please.Thanks!

Ever wonder how some people seem to stay positive, profitable, and unstoppable? Vinney Smile Chopra and Gualter Amarelo share the blueprint — the "4Ms" that drive extraordinary success: Mindset, Mission, Money, and Muscles. From scaling real estate portfolios to maintaining peak energy and focus, this episode shows how balance and passion multiply your results.   You'll discover:

Matt Faircloth interviews Vinney Chopra. Together they explore how Vinney transitioned from multifamily investing into senior housing and hospitality, detailing his use of diversified funds through the Avestor platform and his ability to pivot before the market peak. Vinney explains the “silver tsunami” driving massive demand for assisted living and memory care, the dual benefit of owning both the real estate and the operations, and why hotels are “apartments on steroids.” The conversation wraps with Vinney's mindset lessons on manifestation, gratitude, and building positivity into every business challenge. Vinney ChopraCurrent role: Founder and CEO of Moneil Investment Group, Moneil Senior Living, and Moneil HospitalityBased in: Danville, CaliforniaSay hi to them at: http://vinneychopra.com/freebenefits Get 50% Off Monarch Money, the all-in-one financial tool at www.monarchmoney.com with code BESTEVER Join the Best Ever Community  The Best Ever Community is live and growing - and we want serious commercial real estate investors like you inside. It's free to join, but you must apply and meet the criteria.  Connect with top operators, LPs, GPs, and more, get real insights, and be part of a curated network built to help you grow. Apply now at ⁠www.bestevercommunity.com⁠ Podcast production done by ⁠Outlier Audio⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this powerful episode of Abundance Thursdays, hosts Vinney "Smile" Chopra and Gualter Amarelo reveal how the most successful investors in today's market aren't chasing deals—they're solving the right problems. Drawing from decades of experience in multifamily, senior living, and hospitality investing, Vinney shares real-world stories about building wealth through integrity, relationships, and listening first. Together, they unpack how high-performing investors think differently:

In this powerful episode of The Abundance Mindset, hosts Vinney (Smile

Have you ever wondered what heaven is truly like? In this profound episode, I sit down with Vinney Tolman, who shares the intricate details of his near-death experience after being pronounced dead in 2003. He describes his guide, Drake, the stunning landscape of a heaven made of liquid light, and the living water that healed his soul's deepest trauma. Vinney explains the spiritual principles he had to learn—like authenticity and releasing prejudice—to even enter the heavenly realm, and we discuss the purpose of angels, the structure of dimensions, and why choice (and even evil) is necessary for our soul's growth. This conversation is a powerful reminder of where we come from and who we really are. Have questions about The Angel Membership or Angel Reiki School? Book a free Discovery Call with Julie: https://calendly.com/juliejancius/discovery-call Angel Reiki School (Online) Starts the 1st of every month Learn from anywhere: https://theangelmedium.com/get-certified Book a 1-on-1 Angel Reading With Julie Connect with your angels and loved ones in Heaven: https://theangelmedium.com/readings Want a Free Reading? We're selecting 50+ volunteers for free readings at the in-person Angel Reiki School. Leave a 5-star review of the podcast and copy/paste it here for a chance to win: https://theangelmedium.com/contact   Episode Highlights: • Vinney's detailed account of heaven as a planet of liquid light, where everything—from grass to buildings—is conscious and emits love. • The crucial life lesson on the "pointed finger," revealing that judgment of others ultimately points blame back at ourselves and at Source. • Why the existence of evil is necessary as an option for true choice and soul growth, a perspective learned directly from his guide. Connect with Julie: https://theangelmedium.com/ | https://www.instagram.com/angelpodcast/