Podcasts about micrographia

Instead of molecules that absorb light based on their molecular orbitals, this episode talks of nanostructures and their materials that refract light based on interference of light waves. We start with Robert Hooke who described this process in his book Micrographia. We continue through Isaac Newton and Lord Rayleigh. We discuss Eli Yablonovitch's photonic crystals. We mention various kinds of natural structural colorants in the living and non-living worlds, from minerals to insects to bacteria to plants. Then we list several attempts to synthesize structural colorants, and why they might prove useful.Support the Show. Support my podcast at https://www.patreon.com/thehistoryofchemistry Tell me how your life relates to chemistry! E-mail me at steve@historyofchem.com Get my book, O Mg! How Chemistry Came to Be, from World Scientific Publishing, https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/12670#t=aboutBook

Der britische Universalgelehrte Robert Hooke veröffentlichte 1665 seine "Micrographia", ein Werk in dem er die Zeichnungen von unters Mikroskop gelegten Winzlingen - Flöhe, Läuse, Fliegen - überdimensional vergrößert veröffentlichte. Eine Sensation im 17. Jahrhundert. DFF-Ausstellungskuratorin Stefanie Plappert stellt das besondere Werk im Podcastgespräch mit Frauke Haß vor. Es stammt aus der Sammlung Werner Nekes, die das DFF zusammen mit zwei weiteren Institutionen vor einiger Zeit übernommen hat. Mehr zur Sammlung Nekes erfahrt Ihr in einem weiteren Podcast zum Thema: Podcast // Neu in der Dauerausstellung: das Wechselkabinett zur Sammlung Nekes - DFF.FILM

Ende des 17. Jahrhunderts haben die ersten Forscher Mikroskope gebaut - und kamen aus dem Staunen nicht mehr heraus: Alles, was ihnen vor die Linse kam, war neu und aufregend. «Es war eine gute Zeit, um Wissenschaftler zu sein», sagt Keith Moore, Archivar der Royal Society in London. Er meint die Zeit um 1660, als 12 Wissenschaftler in London sich zusammentaten und die Royal Society gründeten, die englische Wissenschaftsgesellschaft, die lange die wichtigste in ganz Europa bleiben sollte. Alles, was Forscher sich damals genauer anschauten war neu. Sie waren die ersten, die konsequent darauf achteten, ihr Wissen nur aus Experimenten zu ziehen, und sie misstrauten überkommenen Autoritäten. Und: Sie boten einer neuen Technik den Raum, den sie brauchte, um sich voll zu entfalten: Der Mikroskopie. Robert Hooke, erster Kurator der Royal Society, liess sich von Londoner Handwerkern ein Mikroskop bauen und füllte ein ganzes Buch mit detaillierten Zeichnungen von Läusen, Mohnsamen und Nähnadelspitzen. «Micrographia» war das erste populärwissenschaftliche Buch überhaupt und für seine Zeit extrem erfolgreich. Wenige Jahre später las das Buch Antoni von Leeuwenhoek im niederländischen Delft, war fasziniert, baute seine eigenen Mikroskope und wurde zum zweiten Pionier der Mikroskopie: Er war der erste der Bakterien sah, beschrieb wie Spermien schwimmen und untersuchte das Leben in Pfützen vor seiner Haustür. – Ein Ausflug in die Wissenschaftswelt vor fast 400 Jahren, und die Frage, warum das Forschen und Aufklären eigentlich genau damals derart Fahrt aufnahm. «Das erste Mal»: Sommerserie der SRF-Wissenschaftsredaktion, Folge 5/7.

Ende des 17. Jahrhunderts haben die ersten Forscher Mikroskope gebaut - und kamen aus dem Staunen nicht mehr heraus: Alles, was ihnen vor die Linse kam, war neu und aufregend. «Es war eine gute Zeit, um Wissenschaftler zu sein», sagt Keith Moore, Archivar der Royal Society in London. Er meint die Zeit um 1660, als 12 Wissenschaftler in London sich zusammentaten und die Royal Society gründeten, die englische Wissenschaftsgesellschaft, die lange die wichtigste in ganz Europa bleiben sollte. Alles, was Forscher sich damals genauer anschauten war neu. Sie waren die ersten, die konsequent darauf achteten, ihr Wissen nur aus Experimenten zu ziehen, und sie misstrauten überkommenen Autoritäten. Und: Sie boten einer neuen Technik den Raum, den sie brauchte, um sich voll zu entfalten: Der Mikroskopie. Robert Hooke, erster Kurator der Royal Society, liess sich von Londoner Handwerkern ein Mikroskop bauen und füllte ein ganzes Buch mit detaillierten Zeichnungen von Läusen, Mohnsamen und Nähnadelspitzen. «Micrographia» war das erste populärwissenschaftliche Buch überhaupt und für seine Zeit extrem erfolgreich. Wenige Jahre später las das Buch Antoni von Leeuwenhoek im niederländischen Delft, war fasziniert, baute seine eigenen Mikroskope und wurde zum zweiten Pionier der Mikroskopie: Er war der erste der Bakterien sah, beschrieb wie Spermien schwimmen und untersuchte das Leben in Pfützen vor seiner Haustür. – Ein Ausflug in die Wissenschaftswelt vor fast 400 Jahren, und die Frage, warum das Forschen und Aufklären eigentlich genau damals derart Fahrt aufnahm. «Das erste Mal»: Sommerserie der SRF-Wissenschaftsredaktion, Folge 5/7. (Diese Folge wurde übernommen aus dem Podcast Feed «SRF Wissenschaftsmagazin», welcher ebenfalls von der SRF Wissenschaftsredaktion produziert wird.)

One of the early symptoms of Parkinson's is something called micrographia, which  is small handwriting. In this episode of the Parkinson's Association of San Diego Microcasts nurse practitioner Sherrie Gould gives us a little background on micrographia and some of your options to address it.https://parkinsonsassociation.org/

The multiple ways you can follow Julie's work:Please visit Julie Laurin's website: https://julielaurin.com/.Listen to her podcast Planet B612:  https://planetb612.fm/ .Watch Julie's latest microscopic find on her website A Tiny World: https://atinyworld.org/.You can also subscribe to her YouTube channel, reach her on Twitter (@PlanetB612fm and @atinyworldorg ) or Instagram. Book referred to in the podcast:You can learn more about Robert Hooke and his book Micrographia on.... drumroll... Wikipedia!Here is a review of Matt Ridley's book called Genome in the science journal called Nature: Genome review.Here's the website for the author Mary Roach: https://maryroach.net/.

How's your handwriting? Has it worsened over time? Mine has. In fact, that was one of my first clues that I may have Parkinson's. Small handwriting is a symptom of PD and it can be frustrating. It may also mean a decrease in hand strength. Legible handwriting is still very important skill and a source of pride. In this episode we speak with a person who is dedicated to helping PwP improve their handwriting through workshops and workbooks and a PwP who has taken the classes.  In a matter of a few weeks, people will be able to read your writing again.

Re-Post of Thursday 4/1/21 at 6:00 on radioparkies.com we have Chad Moir and Saba Shahid, a wonderful couple who've helped many Parkinson's patients with innovative programs through exercise (http://dopafit.com/) , creative movement and hand writing (https://creativeneurology.com/) Chad is the founder of Dopafit, a Parkinson's movement program based in Massachusetts but available throughout the world. Chad is certified in Rock Steady Boxing, PRW! Moves, and Delay the Disease. He continues his education by earning credits for Parkinson's Fitness through the International Sports Science Association Saba is the author of “Let's Combat Micrographia” an interactive workbook series, which helps those living with Parkinson's disease improve their symptom of micrographia (small handwriting). It is the only book of its kind and is currently sold worldwide in English and Spanish. The show starts off with a poem by Shane McPhee called "Tide"

Saba Shahid is the Chief Smiling Officer of The Art Cart, an internationally acclaimed organization that spread smiles through creativity and movement. In a short amount of time, Saba has developed her “Smile Through Art®” creativity and movement program and Let’s Combat Micrographia® program into an international offering that provides programming to thousands of patients teaching them how to live better with their symptoms instead of feeling burdened by them. The Art Cart travels to different communities worldwide and also provides programming virtually. Saba is the author of “Lets Combat Micrographia® book series. The Let’s Combat Micrographia® books and program is the only research-based program in the world that is proven to help improve small handwriting in as little as six weeks. Saba has created strategic partnerships with organizations, hospitals and pharmaceutical companies nationally that all join her in her mission to spread smiles through creativity and movement.Saba is the CEO and President of ACS Regulatory Consulting which provides regulatory expertise to medical device manufacturers across the globe. During her free time she loves spending time outdoors with her husband and son and is also studying to become a private pilot.Follow Knowledgeable Aging:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Knowledgeable-Aging-102638398162823Twitter: https://twitter.com/KnowledgeAgingInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowledgeableaging/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/knowledgeable-aging/?viewAsMember=trueSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/05OHF9FkmhzCO5PDsyGfGqNewsletter: https://www.knowledgeableaging.com/newsletter/

In this episode I speak with author Clive Thompson about the new literacies that technology and the internet present us with, speaking to an authentic audience and the importance of a formal K-12 education in all of it.EPISODE NOTES:Written by Clive Thompson Smarter Than You Think: How Technology Is Changing Our Minds for the Better, Clive Thompson Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, Clive Thompson On Gutenberg press - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing_press Micrographia: or Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses. With Observations and Inquiries Thereupon, by Robert Hooke - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrographia Galileo's Sidereus Nuncius - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidereus_Nuncius https://www.amazon.ca/Sidereus-Nuncius-Sidereal-Messenger-Galileo/dp/022632009X

Following the Renaissance, Europe had an explosion of science. The works of the Greeks had been lost during the Dark Ages while civilizations caught up to the technical progress. Or so we were taught in school. Previously, we looked at the contributions during the Golden Age of the Islamic Empires and the Renaissance when that science returned to Europe following the Holy Wars. The great thinkers from the Renaissance pushed boundaries and opened minds. But the revolution coming after them would change the very way we thought of the world. It was a revolution based in science and empirical thought, lasting from the middle of the 1500s to late in the 1600s.  There are three main aspects I'd like to focus on in terms of taking all the knowledge of the world from that point and preparing it to give humans enlightenment, what we call the age after the Scientific Revolution. These are new ways of reasoning and thinking, specialization, and rigor. Let's start with rigor. My cat jumps on the stove and burns herself. She doesn't do it again. My dog gets too playful with the cat and gets smacked. Both then avoid doing those things in the future. Early humans learn that we can forage certain plants and then realize we can take those plants to another place and have them grow. And then we realize they grow best when planted at certain times of the year. And watching the stars can provide guidance on when to do so. This evolved over generations of trial and error.  Yet we believed those stars revolved around the earth for much of our existence. Even after designing orreries and mapping the heavens, we still hung on to this belief until Copernicus. His 1543 work “On The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres” marks the beginning of the Scientific Revolution. Here, he almost heretically claimed that the stars in fact revolved around the sun, as did the Earth.  This wasn't exactly new. Aristarchus had theorized this heliocentric model in Ancient Greece. Ptolemy had disagreed in Almagest, where he provided tables to compute location and dates using the stars. Tables that had taken rigor to produce. And that Ptolemaic system came to be taken for granted. It worked fine.  The difference was, Copernicus had newer technology. He had newer optics, thousands more years of recorded data (some of which was contributed by philosophers during the golden age of Islamic science), the texts of ancient astronomers, and newer ecliptical tables and techniques with which to derive them.  Copernicus didn't accept what he was taught but instead looked to prove or disprove it with mathematical rigor. The printing press came along in 1440 and 100 years later, Luther was lambasting the church, Columbus discovered the New World, and the printing press helped disseminate information in a way that was less controllable by governments and religious institutions who at times felt threatened by that information. For example, Outlines of Pyrrhonism from first century Sextus Empiricus was printed in 1562, adding skepticism to the growing European thought. In other words, human computers were becoming more sentient and needed more input.  We couldn't trust what the ancients were passing down and the doctrine of the church was outdated. Others began to ask questions.  Johannes Keppler published Mysterium Cosmographicum in 1596, in defense of Copernicus. He would go on to study math, such as the relationship between math and music, and the relationship between math and the weather. And in 1604 published Astronomiae Pars Optica, where he proposed a new method to measure eclipses of the moon. He would become the imperial mathematician to Emperor Rudolf II, where he could work with other court scholars. He worked on optical theory and wrote Astronomiae Pars Optica, or The Optical Part of Astronomy. He published numerous other works that pushed astronomy, optics, and math forward. His Epitome of Copernican Astronomy would go further than Copernicus, assigning ellipses to the movements of celestial bodies and while it didn't catch on immediately, his inductive reasoning and the rigor that followed, was enough to have him conversing with Galileo.  Galileo furthered the work of Copernicus and Kepler. He picked up a telescope in 1609 and in his lifetime saw magnification go from 3 to 30 times. This allowed him to map Jupiter's moons, proving the orbits of other celestial bodies. He identified sunspots. He observed the strength of motions and developed formulas for inertia and parabolic trajectories.  We were moving from deductive reasoning, or starting our scientific inquiry with a theory - to inductive reasoning, or creating theories based on observation. Galileos observations expanded our knowledge of Venus, the moon, and the tides. He helped to transform how we thought, despite ending up in an Inquisition over his findings. The growing quantity and types of systematic experimentation represented a shift in values. Emiricism, observing evidence for yourself, and the review of peers - whether they disagreed or not. These methods were being taught in growing schools but also in salons and coffee houses and, as was done in Athens, in paid lectures. Sir Francis Bacon argued about only basing scientific knowledge on inductive reasoning. We now call this the Baconian Method, which he wrote about in 1620 when he published his book, New method, or Novum Organum in latin. This was the formalization of eliminative induction. He was building on if not replacing the inductive-deductive method  in Aristotle's Organon. Bacon was the Attorney General of England and actually wrote Novum while sitting as the Lord Chancellor of England, who presides over the House of Lords and also is the highest judge, or was before Tony Blair.  Bacon's method built on ancient works from not only Aristotle but also Al-Biruni, al-Haytham, and many others. And has influenced generations of scientists, like John Locke.  René Descartes helped lay the further framework for rationalism, coining the term “I think therefore I am.” He became by many accounts the father of modern Western Philosophy and asked what can we be certain of, or what is true? This helped him rethink various works and develop Cartesian geometry. Yup, he was the one who developed standard notation in 1637, a thought process that would go on to impact many other great thinkers for generations - especially with the development of calculus. As with many other great natural scientists or natural philosophers of the age, he also wrote on the theory of music, anatomy, and some of his works could be considered a protopsychology.  Another method that developed in the era was empiricism, which John Locke proposed in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding in 1689. George Berkeley, Thomas Hobbes, and David Hume would join that movement and develop a new basis for human knowledge in that empirical tradition that the only true knowledge accessible to our minds was that based on experience. Optics and simple machines had been studied and known of since antiquity. But tools that deepened the understating of sciences began to emerge during this time. We got the steam digester, new forms of telescopes, vacuum pumps, the mercury barometer. And, most importantly for this body of work - we got the mechanical calculator.  Robert Boyle was influenced by Galileo, Bacon, and others. He gave us Boyle's Law, explaining how the pressure of gas increases as the volume of a contain holding the gas decreases. He built air pumps. He investigated how freezing water expands, he experimented with crystals. He experimented with magnetism, early forms of electricity. He published the Skeptical Chymist in 1660 and another couple of dozen books. Before him, we had alchemy and after him, we had chemistry. One of his students was Robert Hooke. Hooke. Hooke defined the law of elasticity, He experimented with everything. He made music tones from brass cogs that had teeth cut in specific proportions. This is storing data on a disk, in a way. Hooke coined the term cell. He studied gravitation in Micrographia, published in 1665.  And Hooke argued, conversed, and exchanged letters at great length with Sir Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientific minds of all time. He gave the first theory on the speed of sound, Newtonian mechanics, the binomials series. He also gave us Newton's Rules for Science which are as follows: We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances. Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes. The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intension nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within the reach of our experiments, are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever. In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions collected by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, notwithstanding any contrary hypotheses that may be imagined, until such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions These appeared in Principia, which gave us the laws of motion and a mathematical description of gravity leading to universal gravitation. Newton never did find the secret to the Philosopher's Stone while working on it, although he did become the Master of the Royal Mint at a pivotal time of recoining, and so who knows. But he developed the first reflecting telescope and made observations about prisms that led to his book Optics in 1704. And ever since he and Leibniz developed calculus, high school and college students alike have despised him.  Leibniz also did a lot of work on calculus but was a great philosopher as well. His work on logic  All our ideas are compounded from a very small number of simple ideas, which form the alphabet of human thought. Complex ideas proceed from these simple ideas by a uniform and symmetrical combination, analogous to arithmetical multiplication. This would ultimately lead to the algebra of concepts and after a century and a half of great mathematicians and logicians would result in Boolean algebra, the zero and one foundations of computing, once Claude Shannon gave us information theory a century after that.  Blaise Pascal was another of these philosopher mathematician physicists who also happened to dabble in inventing. I saved him for last because he didn't just do work on probability theory, do important early work on vacuums, give us Pascal's Triangle for binomial coefficients, and invent the hydraulic press. Nope. He also developed Pascal's Calculator, an early mechanical calculator that is the first known to have worked. He didn't build it to do much, just help with the tax collecting work he was doing for his family.  The device could easily add and subtract two numbers and then loop through those tasks in order to do rudimentary multiplication and division. He would only build about 50, but the Pascaline as it came to be known was an important step in the history of computing. And that Leibniz guy, he invented the Leibniz wheels to make the multiplication automatic rather than just looping through addition steps. It wouldn't be until 1851 that the Arithmometer made a real commercial go at mechanical calculators in a larger and more business like way. While Tomas, the inventor of that device is best known for his work on the calculator today, his real legacy is the 1,000 families who get their income from the insurance company he founded, which is still in business as GAN Assurances, and the countless families who have worked there or used their services.  That brings us to the next point about specializations. Since the Egyptians and Greeks we've known that the more specialists we had in fields, the more discoveries they made. Many of these were philosophers or scientists. They studied the stars and optics and motions and mathematics and geometry for thousands of years, and an increasingly large amount of information was available to generations that followed starting with the written words first being committed to clay tablets in Mesopotamia. The body of knowledge had grown to the point where one could study a branch of science, such as mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry for their entire lives - improving each field in their own way. Every few generations, this transformed societal views about nature. We also increased our study of anatomy, with an increase in or return to the dissection of human corpses, emerging from the time when that was not allowed. And these specialties began to diverge into their own fields in the next generations. There was certainly still collaboration, and in fact the new discoveries only helped to make science more popular than ever. Given the increased popularity, there was more work done, more theories to prove or disprove, more scholarly writings, which were then given to more and more people through innovations to the printing press, and a more and more literate people. Seventeenth century scientists and philosophers were able to collaborate with members of the mathematical and astronomical communities to effect advances in all fields. All of this rapid change in science since the end of the Renaissance created a groundswell of interest in new ways to learn about findings and who was doing what. There was a Republic of Letters, or a community of intellectuals spread across Europe and America. These informal networks sprang up and spread information that might have been considered heretical before transmitted through secret societies of intellectuals and through encrypted letters. And they fostered friendships, like in the early days of computer science.  There were groups meeting in coffee houses and salons. The Royal Society of London sprang up in 1600. Then the British Royal Society was founded in 1660. They started a publication called Philosophical Transactions in 1665. There are over 8,000 members of the society, which runs to this day with fellows of the society including people like Robert Hooke and fellows would include Newton, Darwin, Faraday, Einstein, Francis Crick, Turing, Tim Berners-Lee, Elon Musk, and Stephen Hawking. And this inspired Colbert to establish the French Academy of Sciences in 1666. They swapped papers, read one another's works, and that peer review would evolve into the journals and institutions we have today. There are so many more than the ones mentioned in this episode. Great thinkers like Otto von Guericke, Otto Brunfels, Giordano Bruno, Leonard Fuchs, Tycho Brahe, Samuel Hartlib, William Harvey, Marcello Malpighi, John Napier, Edme Mariotte, Santorio Santorio, Simon Stevin, Franciscus Sylvius, John Baptist van Helmont, Andreas Vesalius, Evangelista Torricelli, Francois Viete, John Wallis, and the list goes on.  Now that scientific communities were finally beyond where the Greeks had left off like with Plato's Academy and the letters sent by ancient Greeks. The scientific societies had emerged similarly, centuries later. But the empires had more people and resources and traditions of science to build on.  This massive jump in learning then prepared us for a period we now call the Enlightenment, which then opened minds and humanity was ready to accept a new level of Science in the Age of Enlightenment. The books, essays, society periodicals, universities, discoveries, and inventions are often lost in the classroom where the focus can be about the wars and revolutions they often inspired. But those who emerged in the Scientific Revolution acted as guides for the Enlightenment philosophers, scientists, engineers, and thinkers that would come next. But we'll have to pick that back up in the next episode!

Big thank you to Whettmen Chelmets for providing the guest mix this week. Check out his bandcamp to find a number of albums of his, including his recent split release "Theme Variations": https://strategictapereserve.bandcamp.com/album/theme-variationshttps://whettmanchelmets.bandcamp.com 1 - Nate Scheible - “I Don’t Give a Fuck if You Like Me” - Prions and Scrapie - 00:00 2 - Lake Mary & M. Sage - “Towards a Golden Light” - Shepherd’s Bridge - 01:51 3 - Jake Muir - “Green Eyes” - Lady’s Mantle - 03:36 4 - Acef Stripe - “The Stuffies are Not Sleeping” - Foxy - 05:17 5 - Andrew Tuttle - “Burwood Heights Convenience” - Alexandra - 06:22 6 - RA - “Overcoming Sadness” - The Meditations of Zera Yacob - 07:39 7 - Pulse Emitter - “Ripples” - Swirlings  - 09:29 8 - Siavash Amini and Saaad - “Calm in Resignation” - All Lanes of Lilac Evening - 11:39 9 - Assassin of Sound - “Artic (66° 30’N)” - Earth Suite - 14:31 10 - Binaural Space - “Good Night Spacemen” - Boyhood - 16:31 11 - Nhung Ngyuen - “Bittersweet” - An Ordinary Narrative - 18:34 12 - Cruel Diagonals - “Topography of an Affliction” - s/t - 22:12 13 - clair rousay - “buy my blessing” - “i’ll give you all of my love” - 24:00 14 - Chorchill - “Human Submarine” - Nachtfisch - 24:53 15 - Wife Signs - “Burning Off the Nuance” - Beneath the Weight of Care - 26:59 16 - Whettman Chelmets - “But I Need to” - I Don’t Want to Let Go, but I Need to Let Go - 29:24 17 - Amy Cutler - “riddles of the firmament” - Oro Tape (Fieldtrips of the Damned) - 32:58 18 - qualchan. - “glass.” - Micrographia - 35:08 19 - Lucy Liyou - “Who You Feed” - Welfare - 35:33 20 - Lowering - “Just a Fever” - Sleep in Perpetual Storm - 36:52 21 - Matt Jencik - “Night Gallery Pause” - Dream Character - 38:19 22 - Forest Robots - “It’s Quietest at the Edge of the Crestline” - Timberline and Mountain Crest - 41:36 23 - Ghost Signs - “We Haunt These Cities Like a Half Remembered Dream” - The Holy Ghost and other Lost Souls - 44:47 24 - Barraco Barner - “20200420 Pops” - 20200419-20200422 - 46:47 25 - Barraco Barner - “20200421 There’s a Payoff I Promise” - 20200419-20200422 - 48:45

El Dr. Tomás Camacho, es doctor en medicina y cirugía por la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Fellow of the American College of Medical Toxixology y experto Internacional en Toxicología por el Colegio Oficial de Químicos de Sevilla. Además, es el coordinador del área de Toxicología Clínica de AETOX (Asociación Española de Toxicología) y ha trabajado en el Departamento de Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas de la Universidad de Harvard (Boston). Su pasión por la investigación y por avanzar en su especialidad de toxicología, le llevaron a estar en uno de los principales epicentros mundiales de este área médica, Estados Unidos, desde donde a finales de 2011 reclamaron su colaboración en una serie de investigaciones para la Agencia Espacial Norteamericana NASA, que analizaban las repercusiones de los tóxicos en la misiones espaciales donde los astronautas tuvieran que permanecer más de 180 días en el espacio. Tratamos las últimas noticias de la pandemia de la COVID19, hablamos sobre las PCRs y la carga viral en lenguaje sencillo, y lo que está aún por llegar. En la parte final de la entrevista conocemos la pasión del Dr. Camacho por los microscopios, ya que junto a su mujer, posee la mejor colección del mundo, tanto por su valor científico como histórico y cultural. Esta colección está compuesta por 230 microscopios, representativos de los existentes desde el siglo XVII hasta principios del siglo XX, ademas de numerosos libros, catálogos y otros documentos. El Doctor nos cuenta la rocambolesca historia de cómo se hizo con un microscopio de Leeuwenhoek original construido en el ano 1680, y con una edición original del libro Micrographia publicada por Robert Hooke en 1665, dos piezas de incalculable valor y ya catalogadas como Patrimonio Histórico nacional.

dessanをゲストに迎え、分子細胞生物学の入門知識について話しました。Show notes ロバート・フック Micrographia アント二・ファン・レーウェンフック レーウェンフックとフェルメール 細胞説 自然発生説 前成説 後成説(エピジェネシス) 真核生物 原核生物 エピジェネティクス DNA RNA タンパク質 遺伝子 ゲノム 染色体 体細胞分裂 凝集した染色体が娘細胞に分配される … 真核生物においては、DNAを二個の娘細胞に分配するために染色体とよばれる凝集した構造が現れる。姉妹染色体が娘細胞に均等に分配される。本当にこの現象は美しく生命的神秘にあふれている。最後には核の形成と染色体の脱凝集の様子が映されている。どのように姉妹染色体が絡まらずに別れることができるのか、凝集と脱凝集はどのように起こるのかといったような基本的な問題も、関与する遺伝子の理解は進んでいるものの、実際のメカニズムに関しては大きな問いとして残されている。 ウニの発生 … ウニの受精卵が卵割していく様子を撮影した動画。 ゼブラフィッシュの発生 … 受精卵は細胞分裂を通して複雑な構造を形成していく。 減数分裂 セントラルドグマ コドン フレームシフト 変異 イザベルスチュワートガードナー美術館 合奏(フェルメール) まいばいお10 DNA to Protein① … まいんさんの力作。DNAの発見からセントラルドグマまで、非常にまとまっているので是非よんでいただきたい。 Editorial notes わかりやすさと面白さ、正確さを両立させるのは難しいですね……(dessan) がんばって説明したのですがやはり説明するのはむずかしい… (tadasu)

Today we celebrate the botanist who was also a spy during WWII. We'll learn about the German photographer who saw artistic inspiration in his close-ups of plants. We'll hear some prose about winter, We Grow That Garden Library with a book that offers us 100 tips for Growing a More Glorious Garden.  I'll talk about a sweet little gift of bling for your indoor pots and containers, and then we’ll wrap things up with the woman who became the beautiful face of a produce company. But first, let's catch up on a few recent events.   Here's Today's Curated Articles:   Will I Ever Call Sansevieria by Its New Name? - The Houseplant Guru by Lisa Steinkopf Goodbye Sansevieria trifasciata... Hello, Dracaena trifasciata!   The Royal Society- Microscopic Blue Mould @royalsociety This beautiful illustration is actually a microscopic view of blue mold growing on leather. The original (1665) appears in Micrographia: or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and Inquiries thereupon, by Robert Hooke. Penicillium expansum is commonly known as Blue Mold. Blue molds are the bluish fungus that grows on food. Most people are familiar with the blue molds on some cheeses...   Substituting Herbs| @RosaleeForet “What herbs can I use instead of ________?” Great post from @RosaleeForet At first, it may seem like a simple question. But the reality is, herbal substitutions are more complicated than that. You need to know how to think about them first.”    Now, if you'd like to check out these curated articles for yourself, you're in luck- because I share all of it with the Listener Community on Facebook. So, there’s no need to take notes or search for links - the next time you're on Facebook, just search for the Free Facebook Group - The Daily Gardener Community and request to join. I'd love to meet you in the group.     Here Are Today's Brevities: #OTD On this day in 1855, it was starting to snow on Walden Pond, and Henry David Thoreau wrote in his journal: “At 8.30 a fine snow begins to fall, increasing very gradually, perfectly straight down, till in fifteen minutes the ground is white, the smooth places first, and thus the winter landscape is ushered in.  And now it is falling thus all the land over, sifting down through the tree-tops in woods, and on the meadow and pastures, where the dry grass and weeds conceal it at first, and on the river and ponds, in which it is dissolved. But in a few minutes, it turns to rain, and so the wintry landscape is postponed for the present.”   #OTD Today is the birthday of Peter Smithers, who was born on this day in 1913. Sir Peter Smithers, was a British politician and diplomat, but also an award-winning gardener. He worked as a British spy during World War II. Smithers was said to have inspired the fictional character of James Bond. His obituary stated that: "Flowers were ... important to him. [He said] "I regard gardening and planting as the other half of life, a counterpoint to the rough and tumble of politics."   Smithers learned to love the natural world from his nanny. When he was in his 50s, that Smithers was finally able to focus on horticulture and botany fulltime. Smithers loved rhododendrons, magnolias, tree peonies, lilies, and wisteria. He developed a garden that didn't require a ton of work - along the same lines as Ruth Stout. He wrote: “The garden is planted so as to reduce labor to an absolute minimum as the owner grows older.”    Thanks to Smither's travels, the Royal Horticulture Society asked Smithers to write his gardening memoirs. The book was a part-autobiography and part-garden book. Smithers had observed gardens in England, Mexico, Central America, and Switzerland. Smithers shared stories from his incredible career - like the time he was serving in naval intelligence in Washington when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. And, George Coen commented, "[Smithers is] as comfortable talking about [his career] as he is in explaining the behavior of wasps in a flower garden."   And, Smither's followed individual basic principals to help ground him as he pursued the hobby of gardening. All gardeners could benefit from Smithers wise advise. He wrote: "[The garden] shall be a source of pleasure to the owner and his friends, not a burden and anxiety."   #OTD Today is the anniversary of the death of the German plant photographer Karl Blossfeldt who died on this day in 1932.  Working in Weimar, Germany, as a sculptor and architect, Karl made his cameras himself. He designed them to magnify up to thirty times - which allowed him to capture the incredible forms, patterns, and textures of plants. Blossfeldt’s work was not a passing fancy; he took pictures of plants for 35 years. Karl said, “If I give someone a horsetail, he will have no difficulty making a photographic enlargement of it – anyone can do that. But to observe it, to notice and discover old forms, is something only a few are capable of.“   Karl preferred to portray an ideal, and as a result, he carefully selected his specimens. Even then, he shaped them with strategic pruning and clipping and arranged them in the very best light. As a teacher of industrial design, Blossfeldt wanted his students to understand that art and design originated in the forms of nature and he wrote, “The plant must be valued as a totally artistic & architectural structure."   and “The plant never lapses in to mere arid functionalism; it fashions and shapes according to logic and suitability, and with its primeval force compels everything to attain the highest artistic form.”   Four years before his death, at the age of 63, Karl Blossfeldt created a book of his photographs called “Art Forms in Nature”. The book featured 120 photos, and they were all created using a home-made pinhole camera. The book made him famous. A few years later, a second edition featured more plant photographs. After the first book was released, the San Francisco Examiner wrote a feature review that gushed: “These photographs of leaves, blossoms, and stalks of living plants amplify details… not apparent to the human eye. One of the most interesting of the photographs … is [of] the plant known as Willkomm's Saxifrage (pronounced SAK-suh-frij), enlarged eight times. The picture does not seem to be that of a plant but a delicately designed and fashioned brooch.  Another [image] shows a shoot of the Japanese Golden Ball Tree, enlarged ten times, and is strikingly like the hilt of a sword used in the adventurous Middle Ages.  [Another] picture, showing the rolled leaf of a German ostrich fern, was also so much like a crozier (a hooked staff carried by a bishop) that it seems [it] must have been designed from fern leaves.  Another photograph looks like the detail of a Fourteenth Century screen done in wrought iron, but it is nothing, but a picture of the tendrils of the common pumpkin vine enlarged four times.  Students all over Europe are interested in the German professor's unique discovery and will, in the future, go more and more to nature for decorative designs.”   Karl’s work still feels fresh and fascinating, and his 6,000 photographs remind us that art often imitates Nature. Karl’s microphotography is an excellent reminder to gardeners to look more closely at their plants. It was Karl Blossfeldt who said, "Nature educates us into beauty and inwardness and is a source of the most noble pleasure."    Unearthed Words "The grim frost is at hand, when apples will fall thick, almost thunderous, on the hardened earth." - D. H. Lawrence, Author “Winter, a lingering season, is a time to gather golden moments, embark upon a sentimental journey, and enjoy every idle hour.” –John Boswell, Historian "I prefer winter and fall when you feel the bone structure in the landscape - the loneliness of it - the dead feeling of winter. Something waits beneath it - the whole story doesn't show." - Andrew Wyeth, Realistic Painter   It's Time to Grow That Garden Library with Today's Book: Ground Rules by Kate Frey The subtitle to this book is 100 Easy Lessons for Growing a More Glorious Garden, and it came out in October of last year. In this photo-filled book, Kate shares her secrets to garden design and hard-won lessons on gardening. Thanks to the gorgeous illustrations and practical tips, Kate’s book is an uplifting and refreshing read. Best of all, Kate’s tips are shared one page at a time, and they are easy-to-read and understand. This makes Kate the rarest sort of expert gardener and designer in that she understands how to explain things to gardeners. Kate’s book covers the following sections: 1) Design - paths, seating, color combos... 2) Planting Advice - plants for your zone & weather considerations. 3) Soil - identify the soil you have and then amend it. 4) Water - conserve water, use drip irrigation, plant smart. 5) How To Be a Good Garden Parent - deadhead, divide plants, manage weeds. 6) How To Attract Birds, Bees, and Butterflies - attract insects with plants and provide water. 7) How To Create a Garden of Earthly Delights - how to evoke emotion through design and create community through plants.     Today's Recommended Holiday Gift for Gardeners: 5.2" x 4.6" 3pc Aluminum Mushroom Planter Figurine Set Gold - Smith & Hawken™ Bring a touch of fun, rustic flair to your plant collection when you decorate using the 3-Piece Aluminum Mushroom Planter Figurine Set from Smith & Hawken™. This gold-finish planter decor set includes three figurines designed to look just like little mushrooms, complete with allover textured and embossed detailing. Each mushroom features a small stake at the bottom, making it easy to insert into your planter, and the aluminum construction offers lasting style. Use them in the same planter, or spread them throughout your collection for whimsical appeal. It’s a fun way to add a little bling to your indoor pots and containers.     Something Sweet Reviving the little botanic spark in your heart #OTD Today is the birthday of the American model Lorraine Collett who was born on this day in 1892 in Kansas City, Missouri. At the age of 23, Lorraine was working as a Sun-Maid Raisin girl and wore a blue bonnet with a white blouse and blue piping. Lorraine and the other Sun-Maid girls handed out raisins. In a spectacular marketing stunt, Lorraine even hopped aboard a small plane every day of the festival and tossed raisins into the crowds of people. One Sunday morning, after her mom had set her hair into eight long black curls, Lorraine was outside drying her hair in the warmth of her sunny backyard in Fresno. That afternoon, Lorraine had swapped out her blue bonnet for her mother’s red one. The combination of her silky black curls and the red bonnet in the sunshine apparently made an arresting sight. Coincidentally, a group of raisin coop executives and their wives walked by at that very moment, and they asked Lorraine about the red bonnet. After that day, all the Sun-Maids wore red bonnets, and Lorraine agreed to pose for a watercolor painting.  Lorraine and her mom had to rent an apartment in San Fransico for a month in order to work with the artist Fanny Scafford. Lorraine posed every day - all month long - for three hours a day. She held a wooden tray overflowing with grapes while wearing the red bonnet. The portrait ended up as the symbol for the company, and it was included on every box of raisins. One newspaper article about the story in 1978 had the headline “Hair A-glinting in the Sun Made Girl an Emblem.” After the executive passed away, the painting ended up in Lorraine’s possession. But after many years, Lorraine returned the watercolor to the company. Today, the portrait hangs in a conference room at the Sun-Maid Growers plant. And the faded red bonnet? That was donated to the Smithsonian on the company’s 75th Anniversary.     Thanks for listening to The Daily Gardener, and remember: “For a happy, healthy life, garden every day.”

Because of dad brain, the original musical tracks for episode 48 were offset by almost 30 seconds (even more embarrassing, because I actually LISTENED to it before uploading). I've fixed the audio for the original episode, but anyone who downloaded it already is stuck with the bad audio version. Because of limitations in the podcasting medium, the only way I can get a new episode to those who have downloaded but haven't listened yet is to release a new episode to the feed. Eventually (maybe after a month or so) I will delete this, so only the fixed original remains.   Sorry for the inconvenience guys! 

Germs are regarded today with a combination of fear and disgust. But mankind’s first introduction to the microbial world started off on a very different foot. In this episode, as part of a larger series contextualizing germ theory, we’ll talk about the discovery of animalcules and how they forever changed our conception of the natural world -- and what causes disease. Plus, a new #AdamAnswers about the influence of Bayes Theorem on medicine!   Sources: Albury WR, Marie-Francois-Xavier Bichat, Encyclopedia of Life Science, 2001.  Ball CS, The Early History of the Compound Microscope, Bios, Vol 37, No2 (May 1966). Findlen P, Athanasius Kircher: The Last Man Who Knew Everything.  Feinstein AR, “An Analysis of Diagnostic Reasoning,” Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 1973. Forsberg L.Nature's Invisibilia: The Victorian Microscope and the Miniature Fairy, Victorian Studies 2015. Gest H. The discovery of microorganisms by Robert Hooke and Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Fellows of The Royal Society. Notes and Records of the Royal Society of Lond, 2004.  Hall, GH, The Clinical Application of Bayes Theorem, The Lancet, September 9, 1967.  Howard-Jones N, Fracastoro and Henle: A Re-Appraisal of their Contribution to the Concept of Communicable Diseases,” Medical History, 1977, 21: 61-68. Lane N, The unseen world: reflections on Leeuwenhoek (1677) ‘Concerning little animals’. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 19 April 2015.  Lawson I, Crafting the microworld: how Robert Hooke constructed knowledge about small things, Notes and Records of the Royal Society of Lond, 2015. McLeMee S, Athanasius Kirchehr, Dude of Wonders, The Chronicle of Higher Education, May 28, 2002.  Van Leeuwenhoek A, Observations, communicated to the publisher by Mr. Antony van Leewenhoeck, in a dutch letter of the 9th Octob. 1676. here English'd: concerning little animals by him observed in rain-well-sea- and snow water; as also in water wherein pepper had lain infused (https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstl.1677.0003) “Little worms which propagate plague,” J R Coll Physicians Edinb, 2008.  Van Zuylen J, “The microscopes of Antoni van Leeuwenhoek,” Journal of Microscopy., 1981. Music from https://filmmusic.io, "Wholesome," “Pookatori and Friends,” and  by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com). License: CC BY

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the life and work of Robert Hooke (1635-1703) who worked for Robert Boyle and was curator of experiments at the Royal Society. The engraving of a flea, above, is taken from his Micrographia which caused a sensation when published in 1665. Sometimes remembered for his disputes with Newton, he studied the planets with telescopes and snowflakes with microscopes. He was an early proposer of a theory of evolution, discovered light diffraction with a wave theory to explain it and felt he was rarely given due credit for his discoveries. With David Wootton Anniversary Professor of History at the University of York Patricia Fara President Elect of the British Society for the History of Science And Rob Iliffe Professor of History of Science at Oxford University Producer: Simon Tillotson First broadcast on 18th February 2016

O único microscopio Leewenhoek autentificado do mundo pertence á colección dos médicos Pallas-Camacho. Actualmente se exhibe no Museo de Historia Natural da USC xunto cun exemplar de Micrographia de Robert Hook. O doutor Tomás Camacho cóntanos como adquiriu esta xoia en e-bay pola que pedían 50 €. Unha historia fascinante onde as haxa. Tamén conversamos co restaurador de artesanía e instrumentos científicos Rafael San Marcial.

O único microscopio Leewenhoek autentificado do mundo pertence á colección dos médicos Pallas-Camacho. Actualmente se exhibe no Museo de Historia Natural da USC xunto cun exemplar de Micrographia de Robert Hook. O doutor Tomás Camacho cóntanos como adquiriu esta xoia en e-bay pola que pedían 50 €. Unha historia fascinante onde as haxa. Tamén conversamos co restaurador de artesanía e instrumentos científicos Rafael San Marcial.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the life and work of Robert Hooke (1635-1703) who worked for Robert Boyle and was curator of experiments at the Royal Society. The engraving of a flea, above, is taken from his Micrographia which caused a sensation when published in 1665. Sometimes remembered for his disputes with Newton, he studied the planets with telescopes and snowflakes with microscopes. He was an early proposer of a theory of evolution, discovered light diffraction with a wave theory to explain it and felt he was rarely given due credit for his discoveries. With David Wootton Anniversary Professor of History at the University of York Patricia Fara President Elect of the British Society for the History of Science And Rob Iliffe Professor of History of Science at Oxford University Producer: Simon Tillotson.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the life and work of Robert Hooke (1635-1703) who worked for Robert Boyle and was curator of experiments at the Royal Society. The engraving of a flea, above, is taken from his Micrographia which caused a sensation when published in 1665. Sometimes remembered for his disputes with Newton, he studied the planets with telescopes and snowflakes with microscopes. He was an early proposer of a theory of evolution, discovered light diffraction with a wave theory to explain it and felt he was rarely given due credit for his discoveries. With David Wootton Anniversary Professor of History at the University of York Patricia Fara President Elect of the British Society for the History of Science And Rob Iliffe Professor of History of Science at Oxford University Producer: Simon Tillotson.

Dr Steven Lee Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge gives an insight into some modern microscopy innovations.

Dr Allan Chapman Science Historian, Wadham College talks about Robert Hookes groundbreaking book Micrographia.

Judith Curthoys Archivist, Christ Church talks about Robert Hooke's time at Christ Church.

Professor Dirk Aarts, Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford and Chemistry Fellow, Christ Church gives the concluding remarks to the days talks.

Professor Eiichi Nakamura, Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo talks about innovations in microscopy.

Dr Anna Camilleri English Fellow, Christ Church give a talk on the use language within Hooke's writings.

The iKnife knows when it's cutting through healthy tissue or cancerous tissue during surgery. In 91 tests, it correctly identified the tissue every time, and in less than a second. Chimpanzees and orangutans can use 'autobiographical memory' - previously thought to be unique to humans. In a series of tests, the apes were able to accurately recall an event that happened three years prior. Genetecists may have found a way to switch off the rogue chromosome that causes Down's syndrome.  The discovery of two giant viruses could mean an entirely new kingdom of life. More than 93% of their genes are unknown and not on any existing database. Robert Hooke's Micrographia is available as a free e-book thanks to Project Gutenberg. Also check the Wikipedia page. The 2013 NZ Skeptics Conference will be held in Wellington from the 6th to the 8th of September. Great speakers like astronomer Dr. Pamela Gay, climate scientist Professor Martin Manning, microbiologist Dr. Siouxsie Wiles and many more.