Podcasts about leibniz

In this episode of the Crazy Wisdom Podcast, host Stewart Alsop sits down with returning guest Ekue Kpodar for their third conversation together, covering a wide range of topics at the intersection of technology, geopolitics, and the evolving information age. They dig into Ekue's unconventional setup of running local AI models across roughly 15 computers, the growing case for open source models over closed ones from companies like OpenAI and Anthropic, and how Chinese open source models may be positioned to outcompete Western alternatives on a global scale. The conversation also touches on vibe coding and the democratization of software development, the strategic use of small models for IoT and enterprise applications, the role of Israel and China as dominant players in the information age, and how smaller nations and even individuals may wield outsized power as AI continues to collapse the cost of knowledge work. You can find Ekue Kpodar on X @ekpodar and LinkedIn.Timestamps00:00 Stewart welcomes Ekue for their third episode, diving into vibe coding and AI-driven development changes.05:00 Ekue explains using Claude on Chrome to auto-reply on Skool, burning tokens through screenshots, and Playwright as a more efficient alternative.10:00 Stewart describes his Claude-dependent planning and coding agent system breaking after a model update, prompting him to build his own chatbot.15:00 Small models discussed as critical for IoT, defense, and privacy-focused enterprises building internal APIs instead of routing traffic to OpenAI.20:00 Open source versus closed source debated, with Chinese models gaining global traction while US foundational labs remain expensive and restrictive.25:00 SaaS apocalypse explored as AI commoditizes knowledge work, with Linux and Terraform cited as proof open source still generates wealth.30:00 OpenAI's sci-fi terminator fears explained as the reason they stayed closed source, ultimately handing China a strategic open source advantage.35:00 China's economic dumping strategy applied to AI, potentially displacing US model dominance globally the same way manufacturing was disrupted.40:00 Israel's signals intelligence dominance discussed alongside asymmetric warfare, drones defeating tanks, and information control replacing military muscle.45:00 Global information age rankings debated, Israel leading, US and China tied, France and Poland emerging as sovereign tech players.50:00 Qatar, NVIDIA, and Iran cited as proof that rare resources and technology matter more than population size in the 21st century power landscape.Key Insights1. Running local AI models on a network of affordable computers can be more cost-effective than relying entirely on third-party APIs. By using compressed or smaller open source models locally, developers can handle repetitive or lower-stakes tasks without burning through expensive tokens from providers like Anthropic or OpenAI.2. Small AI models are becoming increasingly important for IoT, defense applications, and companies that do not want to send sensitive data to external providers. Organizations can download open source models, run them on internal servers, and build proprietary APIs around them, creating something like an intranet of specialized small models.3. The value created by AI tools is being redistributed away from traditional SaaS companies toward foundational model providers and individual builders. People are canceling subscriptions to software they once paid hundreds per month for, because AI now allows a single person to build comparable tools themselves.4. Open source technology does not eliminate the ability to profit. Linux and Terraform are both open source yet made their creators wealthy. People will still pay for installation, setup, troubleshooting, and customization even when the underlying software is free.5. China is applying its longstanding manufacturing dumping strategy to artificial intelligence by releasing cheap open source models globally, which threatens to erode US dominance in AI the same way Chinese manufacturing undercut other countries for decades.6. In the information age, the size of a country or institution matters far less than its access to rare resources or advanced technology. Qatar, Israel, and NVIDIA each demonstrate that small populations or headcounts can wield enormous global negotiating power through concentrated technological or resource advantages.7. Asymmetric warfare is redefining military power, with inexpensive drones defeating tanks that cost millions to build. This shifts the advantage toward nations that excel at signals intelligence and information management rather than those with the largest conventional military forces.

Santi García Cremades ha utilizado unas recientes declaraciones de Marcos Llorente para cuestionar la creciente tendencia a poner al mismo nivel opiniones personales y conocimiento científico. A partir de las ideas del matemático Leibniz, explica la diferencia entre las "verdades de hecho" y las "verdades de razón", defendiendo el papel de las matemáticas como herramienta para interpretar la realidad y protegerse de engaños, bulos o falsas creencias, antes de trasladar esa idea a ejemplos cotidianos y pequeños timos basados en errores de percepción.

Bis vor einigen Jahren waren sie so teuer, dass sie nur in Laptops verbaut wurden. Heute stabilisieren sie containerweise das Stromnetz: Batteriespeicher sind mittlerweile so günstig, dass sie zum Rückgrat der Energiewende werden und sogar Europa energetisch unabhängig machen könnten. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-batteriespeicher

Santi García Cremades ha utilizado unas recientes declaraciones de Marcos Llorente para cuestionar la creciente tendencia a poner al mismo nivel opiniones personales y conocimiento científico. A partir de las ideas del matemático Leibniz, explica la diferencia entre las "verdades de hecho" y las "verdades de razón", defendiendo el papel de las matemáticas como herramienta para interpretar la realidad y protegerse de engaños, bulos o falsas creencias, antes de trasladar esa idea a ejemplos cotidianos y pequeños timos basados en errores de percepción.Conviértete en un supporter de este podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/mas-noticias--4412383/support.ESCUCHAR RADIO 

Ebola im Kongo, Hanta auf einem Kreuzfahrtschiff: Die Angst vor der nächsten Pandemie ist wieder da. Was fehlt, sind Medikamente, die schnell genug wirken, bevor ein Ausbruch zur Katastrophe wird. Ein Forscher aus Göttingen arbeitet genau daran, und sein Ansatz ist so simpel wie ehrgeizig.

Rund 15 Prozent der Erwachsenen in Deutschland leiden unter Heuschnupfen, doch aktuelle Vorhersagen sind oft zu ungenau für den Alltag. Das Projekt PollenNet erfasst nun mithilfe von Citizen Science und KI den Pollenflug lokal. So soll ein neues Warnsystem für Allergiker entstehen. Mehr über die Arbeit von PollenNet findet ihr hier: https://floraincognita.de/pollennet/ ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-pollen

Palladium ist ein unverzichtbares Edelmetall für die Medizin. Doch seine Rückgewinnung aus Industrieabfällen ist bisher aufwendig und umweltbelastend. Die Forschungsgruppe Pep2Rec am Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf setzt daher auf winzige Eiweißketten, die das Metall wie eine biologische Angel aus Lösungen fischen. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-recycling-palladium

Mikroplastik im Blut, Hitze im Schlafzimmer, Insektensterben auf dem Teller: Was die neue Ausstellung im Deutschen Museum über Planetary Health zeigt.

Se l'universo non fosse una fotografia da analizzare pezzo per pezzo, ma un ologramma dove ogni frammento contiene il tutto?Commento il sesto capitolo di Universo, Mente, Materia di David Bohm: la distinzione tra ordine esplicato e ordine implicato, l'olomovimento, e cosa significa tutto questo per il modo in cui pensiamo la realtà oggi, dall'intelligenza artificiale alla fisica quantistica.Lo trovo urgente. Forse il momento di Bohm sta arrivando.Ascolta e dimmi cosa ne pensi nei commenti.#DavidBohm #filosofia #coscienza00:00:00 Introduzione: l'universo come ologramma00:01:38 Il problema del pensiero frammentato00:04:33 Lente fotografica vs ologramma: due paradigmi00:07:58 Ordine esplicato e ordine implicato00:09:09 L'olomovimento: ologramma in movimento00:13:37 La mappa non è il territorio00:14:37 Echi filosofici: Leibniz, Spinoza, buddismo00:16:27 Bohm e Faggin a confronto00:19:24 Impatto nelle neuroscienze e in biologia00:20:05 AI e LLM: il trionfo della lente00:22:06 Bohm ai margini del mainstream: perché conta oggiAscolta "La mia vita spaziale": Spotify, Apple Podcast, YouTube: www.andreabrugnoli.click/podcastGuarda il video completo: https://youtu.be/sJSPy-uU4w0Commenta su Telegram: www.andreabrugnoli.click/telegramLascia una recensione Google: www.andreabrugnoli.click/stellineDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/la-mia-vita-spaziale--2578955/support.© Andrea Brugnoli – Tutti i diritti riservati.

Raketen zum Mond, Pläne für den Mars und ein Milliardär, der im All eine neue Gesellschaft gründen will. Das klingt nach Science-Fiction, ist aber Gegenwart. Was wirklich hinter dem neuen Wettlauf ins All steckt und warum die Antwort weit in die Vergangenheit reicht.

Erdbeben gehören zu den gewaltigsten Naturkräften unseres Planeten, doch ihre präzise Vorhersage bleibt eine der größten Herausforderungen der Seismologie. Während eine Millionenstadt wie Istanbul auf ein statistisch überfälliges Beben wartet, entwickeln Forschende neue Methoden zur Überwachung. Hier findet ihr mehr Informationen über das GFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Geoforschung: https://www.gfz.de/ Mehr Informationen über Dr. Annabel Händel vom GFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Geoforschung und ihre Forschung findet ihr hier. Am 29. April wird am International Day in Memory of the Victims of Earthquakes global Erdbebenopfern gedacht. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-erdbebenforschung

Fast jeder zweite Haushalt in Deutschland wohnt zur Miete, obwohl die meisten lieber kaufen würden. Wer das schafft, hängt hierzulande stärker als in fast jedem anderen europäischen Land davon ab, ob die Eltern schon im Eigentum leben.

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/political-science

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/communications

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/politics-and-polemics

In this episode of International Horizons, RBI Acting Director Eli Karetny interviews Jacob Siegel, writer, Army veteran, and author of The Information State. Siegel traces how military information operations, post‑9/11 surveillance programs, and Silicon Valley's rise converged to create a new public‑private regime of control over information, attention, and consent. He discusses the intellectual roots of technocratic governance from Francis Bacon and Leibniz through progressivism, World War I propaganda, and cybernetics, and explains how the “information state” differs from classical authoritarianism. Finally, Siegel reflects on Trumpism, the tech counter‑elite around figures like Elon Musk, and how AI may usher in a more “Pharaonic” and quasi‑spiritual form of politics beyond traditional expert‑driven technocracy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science-technology-and-society

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/german-studies

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/critical-theory

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

Described by Voltaire as “perhaps a man of the most universal learning in Europe,” Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) is often portrayed as a rationalist and philosopher who was wholly detached from the worldly concerns of his fellow men. Leibniz in His World: The Making of a Savant (Princeton UP, 2026) provides a groundbreaking reassessment of Leibniz, telling the story of his trials and tribulations as an aspiring scientist and courtier navigating the learned and courtly circles of early modern Europe and the Republic of Letters.Drawing on extensive correspondence by Leibniz and many leading figures of the age, Audrey Borowski paints a nuanced portrait of Leibniz in the 1670s, during his “Paris sojourn” as a young diplomat and in Germany at the court of Duke Johann Friedrich of Hanover. She challenges the image of Leibniz as an isolated genius, revealing instead a man of multiple identities whose thought was shaped by a deep engagement with the social and intellectual milieus of his time. Borowski shows us Leibniz as he was known to his contemporaries, enabling us to rediscover him as an enigmatic young man who was complex and all too human.An exhilarating work of scholarship, Leibniz in His World demonstrates how this uncommon intellect, torn between his ideals and the necessity to work for absolutist states, struggled to make a name for himself during his formative years. Audrey Borowski is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the University of Cambridge working on the philosophy of AI. She received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is a regular contributor to The Times Literary Supplement and Aeon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Warum schlafen wir, und was passiert in unserem Körper, wenn wir es nicht tun. In dieser Folge von Tonspur Wissen erklärt Dr. Hanna Zwaka, warum Schlaf für Gedächtnis, Gehirn und Gesundheit unverzichtbar ist.

In the season 10 finale, Maggie and Brynna close out al of Sir Isaac Newton's shenanigans and deal with one of the best-known disputes in math history.Find us on Patreon: patreon.com/bainscienceFeatured BA: Newton and Leibniz

Renato Pettoello"Il giovane Goethe"Ernst CassirerMorcelliana Editricewww.morcelliana.netIn fuga dalla Germania nazista, Ernst Cassirer trova riparo in Svezia e lì, all'Università di Göteborg, tra il 1940 e il 1941, realizza il sogno di tenere un corso su Goethe. Nelle lezioni qui proposte, rinuncia allo sguardo del filosofo e del filologo, per condurre chi ascolta alla scoperta di Goethe uomo e artista, con luci e ombre, lasciando parlare il più possibile le sue opere: Götz von Berlichingen, I dolori del giovane Werther e la prima stesura del Faust, le poesie, gli scritti autobiografici e scientifici, le lettere e i diari. Ripercorrendo l'evoluzione della personalità di Goethe fino ai ventisei anni, le sue esperienze di vita e il modo in cui queste hanno trovato espressione in letteratura, Cassirer svela il legame profondo che sente con un genio la cui grandezza non è sminuita dal suo essere, prima di tutto, uomo. Così, di fronte alle nubi che si addensano sul futuro, grazie a Goethe egli sente lontani «il peso e la cupa oppressione dell'esistenza» e si rischiara «il buio in noi e attorno a noi».Ernst Cassirer (1874-1945) è stato uno dei maggiori filosofi del Novecento. Tra le sue opere nel catalogo Morcelliana ricordiamo: Goethe e il mondo storico. Tre saggi (2025 2ed.); Descartes. Dottrina, personalità, impatto (2024); Natura e filosofia in Descartes, Leibniz e Spinoza. Lezioni e conferenze 1933-1937 (2023); Il concetto di sostanza e il concetto di funzione (2018).Renato Pettoello, ordinario di Storia della filosofia all'Università di Milano, per Scholé ha pubblicato (con N. Moro) Dizionarietto di tedesco per filosofi (20182) e curato l'edizione di I. Kant, Prolegomeni ad ogni futura metafisica che possa presentarsi come scienza (2018). Presso Morcelliana ha curato la traduzione di Kant spiegato a Napoleone (2019) di Ch. de Villers e di opere di Cassirer, Simmel, Kroner e Gilson.Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarehttps://ilpostodelleparole.it/

In „Rumänien. Geschichte, Literaturkritik, Erinnerungen“ zeichnet Schlojme Bickel das lebendige Bild einer jiddischen Lebenswelt im Rumänien der Zwischenkriegszeit. Zum ersten Mal wurde sein Buch nun ins Deutsche übersetzt. Das Leibniz-Institut für Geschichte und Kultur des östlichen Europa (GWZO) zählt international zu den führenden Forschungs- und Vermittlungseinrichtungen für die Geschichte und Kultur des östlichen Europa. Hier könnt ihr Schlojme Bickels Buch „Rumänien. Geschichte, Literaturkritik, Erinnerungen“ in deutscher Übersetzung erwerben. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-juedisches-leben

Are some people born evil, or are we all capable of evil acts? In episode 167 of Overthink, Ellie and David talk about all things evil. They think through the characterization of evil in Disney films, Leibniz's best of all possible worlds theory, the conflation of evil with badness, and Hannah Arendt's concept of the banality of evil. How does Manichaeism attempt to resolve the problem of evil? Is evil simply the lack of good in the world? And does the concept of evil still have relevance in an age of secular ethics or is the concept too weighed down by its own theological past? In the Substack bonus segment, your hosts discuss evil people and how we might categorize them. Works Discussed:Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of EvilHannah Arendt, “Nightmare and Flight”Hannah Arendt, The Origins of TotalitarianismPaul Formosa, “The Problems with Evil”Paul Formosa, “A Conception of Evil”Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, TheodicyGavin Rae, Evil in the Western Philosophical TraditionEnjoy our work? Support Overthink via tax-deductible donation: https://www.givecampus.com/fj0w3vJoin our Substack for ad-free versions of both audio and video episodes, extended episodes, exclusive live chats, and more: https://overthinkpod.substack.com/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Pour Leibniz, la réalité est composée d'atomes de force pure qu'il nomme : monades. Le cosmos est une infinité de monades, qui sont des entités simples et indivisibles. Les monades interagissent entre elles selon un ordre préétabli. Dans cette épisode, je vous propose de découvrir cette grande philosophie de l'infiniment petit, qui mérite bien d'être appelée : une "métaphysique quantique".➔ Regardez la version vidéo de cet épisode : https://youtu.be/XeuBQBQTtIE➔ Rejoignez-moi sur Patreon : https://www.patreon.com/ParoledephilosopheMembre du Label Tout Savoir. Régies publicitaires : PodK et Ketil Media.Pour toute demande de partenariat, écrire à : partenariat@podk.fr_____________Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Wie können digitale Tools die mentale Gesundheit unterstützen? Und welches Potenzial bergen Peptide für die Antibiotikaforschung? Die Max-Planck-Gesellschaft bietet Antworten. Mehr Details und weitere Themen findet ihr in der neuen Ausgabe des Magazins „MaxPlanckForschung“. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-gesundheit

New music from VIGGO DYSTE, ESTELLA BOERSMA, ALEJANDRO MERENCO, SHACKLETON, HODGE + more on this ABSTRACT SCIENCE podcast, hosted by BILL BEARDEN aka WHOA-B + CHRIS WIDMAN. BILL begins with a mix of techno + house. WIDMAN follows on a technoid axis, but diverging into broken beat + bass music mutations. [aired 05 February 2026 on WLUW-Chicago 88.7FM] >BILL BEARDEN aka WHOA-B Viggo Dyst “Wet Stuff” (Shall Not Fade, 2025) Skee Mask “Nights & Music” (Ilian Tape, 2026) FJAAK “Soulfriction” (SPANDAU20, 2025) DJ Babatr “Let’s Do It (te-te)” (Hakuna Kulala, 2025) Estella Boersma “The Core” (EB-REX, 2025) Peverelist “Pulse IX” (Fadi Mohem Remix, Livity Sound, 2025) Leibniz “Corridor” (Peach Discs, 2025) Pugilist “Monument” (Ruff Kutz, 2025) Gockel “Otorongo” (Patent, 2026) Altinbas “Nebula” (Observer Station, 2025) Pearson Sound “Which Way Is Up” (Hessle Audio, 2024) K-Lone “Shelter” (Tempa, 2025) >CHRIS WIDMAN The Black Dog “They Came For My Head” (Loud Ambient, Dust Science, 2025) MoMa Ready “CLEAR” (BODY 25, 2025) Robert Hood “Full Armor” (M-Plant, M-Plant 2014) Mikkel Metal “Rebuild (Luke Hess Remix)” (Rebuild, Echochord, 2026) Alejandro Marenco “Serpiente” (Cold Front Volume 2, Lake Effect Records, 2026) Shackleton “The Dream in Fragments” (Euphoria Bound, Woe to the Septic Heart, 2026) Hodge “Sway” (Tempa Allstars Vol. 9, 2026) SPEEDY J “Freeqwarp 2025” (Transparent, Stoor, 2026) Sister Zo “Fighting for Scraps” (Superclásico, Vol. 2, Clásico, 2025) Kiefer Ian “Clear The Floor” (2025) Kassian, sept7 “Hollow (sept7 Remix)” (Faux Poly: Remixed 004 Jace Inman “In A Viper Pit” (All Energy, NFC Records, 2025) Kangding Ray “En La Noche” (Sirāt – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, Invada, 2025) The Bug vs Ghost Dubs “Burial Skank (Mass, Brixton)” (Implosion, Pressure, 2025) The post absci radio 1407 – whoa-b + chris widman appeared first on abstract science >> future music chicago.

Gödel's ontological proof of God's existence, finalized in 1970, constitutes one of the most ambitious attempts to formalize metaphysical theology using modern logic. Rooted in a tradition stretching from Anselm through Descartes and Leibniz, Gödel's argument reformulates the classical ontological proof in higher-order modal logic. Yet its significance extends far beyond theology. When stripped of modalities, Gödel's axioms define an ultrafilter, thereby connecting metaphysical reasoning with foundational set theory and strong axioms of infinity. This talk reconstructs the historical development of ontological arguments, analyzes Gödel's formal system, examines the phenomenon of modal collapse, and explores the unexpected implications for mathematical foundations, showing that consistency of arithmetic and ZFC is a consequence of the ontological proof. It is argued that Gödel's proof should be understood not primarily as a theological demonstration but as a profound structural experiment revealing deep connections between logic, metaphysics, and infinity.**********************************Logica Universalis Webinars2026, February 25

Für Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler gibt es verschiedene Gründe, ein Loch zu bohren. Durch Messungen und Proben lassen sich zum Beispiel Aussagen zur Erdgeschichte und zum Klimawandel treffen oder auch Erdbeben besser vorhersagen. Hier findet ihr mehr Informationen über die Arbeit des GFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Geoforschung. Hier findet ihr mehr Informationen zum Kontinentalen Tiefbohrprogramm (KTB). ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-wissenschaftliches-bohren

Forschende haben in Kläranlagen weltweit neue bakterielle Partnerschaften entdeckt, die eine überraschende Rolle für das Klima spielen. Während diese Mikroorganismen bei der Abwasserreinigung helfen, produzieren sie teilweise das gefährliche Treibhausgas Lachgas. Hier erfahrt ihr mehr über das Forschungsprojekt. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-mikrobiologie-im-klaerwerk

„Mit Forschung das Leben auf unserem Planeten verbessern“ — nichts Geringeres hat sich die Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft für die kommenden Jahre auf die Fahnen geschrieben. Wie geht sie die Aufgaben der Zukunft an? Mehr über die Arbeit der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft erfahrt Ihr hier: https://www.helmholtz.de/ueber-uns/wer-wir-sind/ Der Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquarte…et-und-forschung ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-planet-und-forschung

Seit 1990 hat sich die Zahl der Krebsfälle weltweit mehr als verdoppelt. Doch die medizinische Forschung arbeitet an neuen Heilmitteln: Individuelle therapeutische Krebsimpfstoffe könnten Menschen künftig helfen, den Krebs zu besiegen. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-neue-krebsimpfungen

We're joined by the four authors of *Digital Theory* — M. Beatrice Fazi, Alexander R. Galloway, Matthew Handelman, and Leif Weatherby — for a roundtable on their new collaborative work.Digital Theory (University of Minnesota Press, 2025) makes a deceptively simple but far-reaching claim: the digital is theoretical. Not in the sense that we theorize about it, but that digitality itself — mediation through discrete units — is a condition for thinking as such.Just to get it out of the way, listeners to the pod know that these four thinkers need no introduction. This is literally the cohort that we've held in our minds over the past few years (there's probably nobody whose shaped our brains as formatively on this subject than Alexander Galloway, whose writing was the subject of Marek's en route masters thesis and the first PDF sent between Marek and Roberto). The conversation opens up a series of productive disagreements within the group. What's the relationship between the digital and computation? For Fazi, the digital is discretization — "the cut" — while computation is systematization, building, constructing. This distinction allows the book to think the digital before and beyond the computer, back to proto-writing tokens and forward to whatever comes next. A major target here is what Galloway calls "analog philosophy," the dominant strain of theory over the last few decades that privileges affect, sensation, intensity, immanence. Deleuze is named directly as the great philosopher of the analog: obsessed with the fold, hostile to structuralism, drawn to "a language of breaths and screams." The authors aren't throwing Deleuze overboard entirely (to them the "Postscript on the Societies of Control" still hits) but they're skeptical that his ontology can account for digital technology as a form of thought. REFERENCES:*Digital Theory* (In Search of Media series), University of Minnesota Press, 2025 https://www.upress.umn.edu/9781517920197/digital-theory/M. Beatrice Fazi - *Contingent Computation: Abstraction, Experience, and Indeterminacy in Computational Aesthetics*, Rowman & Littlefield, 2018 https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781786606082/Contingent-Computation-Abstraction-Experience-and-Indeterminacy-in-Computational-AestheticsAlexander R. Galloway - *Uncomputable: Play and Politics in the Long Digital Age*, Verso, 2021 https://www.versobooks.com/products/2656-uncomputable - "Golden Age of Analog," *Critical Inquiry* 48, no. 2 (2022) https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/717324 - Galloway's website and blog https://cultureandcommunication.org/galloway/Matthew Handelman - *The Mathematical Imagination: On the Origins and Promise of Critical Theory*, Fordham University Press, 2019 https://www.fordhampress.com/9780823283842/the-mathematical-imagination/Leif Weatherby - *Language Machines: Cultural AI and the End of Remainder Humanism*, University of Minnesota Press, 2025 https://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/language-machines (our book of the year, for what it's worth) - *Transplanting the Metaphysical Organ: German Romanticism between Leibniz and Marx*, Fordham University Press, 2016 - Digital Theory Lab at NYU https://as.nyu.edu/faculty/leif-allison-reid-weatherby.htmlSome References Discussed:Gilles Deleuze, "Postscript on the Societies of Control" (1992)Theodor Adorno & Max Horkheimer, *Dialectic of Enlightenment*Euclid, *Elements*, Book V (on analog/logos)Jacques Lacan, *Seminar II: The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis* (on cybernetics)François Laruelle and Alain Badiou, on the genericEve Tuck, "Breaking Up with Deleuze"Hito Steyerl, "How Not to Be Seen: A Fucking Didactic Educational .MOV File" (2013)

From Ancient Egypt to Leibniz... Brand‑new interview out with Robert Spekkens of the Perimeter Institute, one of the sharpest minds working on quantum foundations. In 2004, he constructed a classical toy theory where your maximum knowledge is always incomplete—and out popped the no-cloning theorem, teleportation, and interference effects Feynman deemed impossible to reproduce classically. Spekkens compares our situation to Egyptian hieroglyphs before Champollion: a category mistake where we treat quantum states as descriptions of reality when they actually describe knowledge of reality. If you're interested in the topics above, you'll love this podcast. As a listener of TOE you can get a special 20% off discount to The Economist and all it has to offer! Visit https://www.economist.com/toe SUPPORT: - Support me on Substack: https://curtjaimungal.substack.com/subscribe - Support me on Crypto: https://commerce.coinbase.com/checkout/de803625-87d3-4300-ab6d-85d4258834a9 - Support me on PayPal: https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=XUBHNMFXUX5S4 JOIN MY SUBSTACK (Personal Writings): https://curtjaimungal.substack.com LISTEN ON SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/4gL14b92xAErofYQA7bU4e TIMESTAMPS: - 00:00:00 - Defining Quantum Innovation - 00:06:40 - Realism vs. Empiricism - 00:12:12 - Leibnizian Methodological Principle - 00:23:40 - Causal Explanations of Correlations - 00:30:24 - Epistemic Quantum States - 00:41:00 - Foil Theory Methodology - 00:54:00 - Causal Influence vs. Signaling - 01:07:27 - Thermodynamics and Ignorance - 01:15:00 - Conceptual Understanding in Physics - 01:21:00 - Philosophy of Physics Utility - 01:30:00 - Speckins' Toy Theory Origins - 01:40:13 - Perimeter Institute's Ambitious DNA - 01:52:00 - PBR Theorem Implications - 02:05:40 - Ontic Separability Assumptions - 02:17:40 - Hieroglyphs and Category Mistakes - 02:29:00 - Revolutionizing Modern Physics - 02:37:20 - Unscrambling Causation and Inference LINKS MENTIONED: Journals, papers, books: - https://www.rwspekkens.com - https://pirsa.org/speaker/Robert-Spekkens - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.01122 - https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0401052 - https://arxiv.org/abs/0706.2661 - https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0406166 - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2207.11779 - https://amazon.com/dp/1108066488?tag=toe08-20 - https://www.jstor.org/stable/687269 - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-copenhagen/ - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-indiscernible/ - https://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/specrel.pdf - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spacetime-holearg/ - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/mathematics/hidden-variable-theory - https://www.nature.com/articles/299802a0 - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.01286 - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02058098 - https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.07161 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/maxwells-equation - https://www.einstein-online.info/en/spotlight/equivalence_principle/ - https://perimeterinstitute.ca/ - https://amazon.com/dp/9810241054?tag=toe08-20 - https://journals.aps.org/pr/pdf/10.1103/PhysRev.47.777 - https://arxiv.org/abs/1111.3328 - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/rosetta-stone-hieroglyphs-champollion-decipherment-egypt-180980834/ - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160932707000282 Videos: - https://youtu.be/gEK4-XtMwro - https://youtu.be/YWbjI-QsH2E - https://youtu.be/fU1bs5o3nss - https://youtu.be/NKOd8imBa2s - https://youtu.be/6I2OhmVWLMs - https://youtu.be/Tghl6aS5A3M - https://youtu.be/HIoviZe14pY - https://youtu.be/bprxrGaf0Os - https://youtu.be/4MjNuJK5RzM - https://youtu.be/c8iFtaltX-s - https://youtu.be/9AoRxtYZrZo - https://youtu.be/uOKOodQXjhc - https://youtu.be/3mhctWlXyV8 - https://youtu.be/gsSJPLX-BTA - https://youtu.be/FFW14zSYiFY - https://youtu.be/HhWWlJFwTqs Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Die Frage nach dem Sinn des Lebens galt in der Philosophie lange als zu groß, zu subjektiv und weitgehend unbeantwortbar. Michael Zichy hat trotzdem nach einer Antwort gesucht. Und findet: Nichts ist wichtiger, als anderen wichtig zu sein. Michael Zichys Buch „Anderen wichtig sein. Eine Philosophie des Lebenssinns“ ist im Herbst 2025 bei Suhrkamp erschienen. ➡️ Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/wissen/forschungsquartett-sinn-des-lebens

Étonnant non [?] est une émission radiophonique consacrée à la vulgarisation philosophique, produite par l'association Kairos,  rattachée à l'Université de Tours. Pour ce premier épisode, nous proposons une immersion dans la pensée de Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, philosophe et savant du XVII? siècle, autour d'une question qui traverse encore notre rapport au monde : quelle est […] L'article Etonnant non ? – Leibniz : La vie est-elle un Simple rêve ? (La Réalité de la Matière) avec Arthur et Lenny. est apparu en premier sur Radio Campus Tours - 99.5 FM.

When I first conceived of my theory of everything named “A Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything” back in 2008, I was unfamiliar with Gnosticism. A Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything is presented in secular terms, using common concepts from all fields of human endeavor from math and science on through religion, psychology, and sociology. In A Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything, God is usually referred to as Metaversal Consciousness, and we here on this plane carry that consciousness forward into this life as Units of Consciousness. A Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything was written to appeal to folks who usually don't go in for religion but who, nonetheless, are seeking an overall structure for understanding the mysteries of life. I updated A Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything in 2020 to make it smaller and converted the color images to black and white to make it less expensive to purchase. The 2020 edition is also available in kindle and audible. Had I been a philosophy major like my brother, Dr. Bill Puett, I would have known the names for various aspects of the Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything, like panpsychism and monadism. I would have been familiar with works such as Huxley's Perennial Philosophy. But I wasn't a philosophy major. I am instead a psychologist with a Ph.D. in Classical Rhetoric. My field of deep study is ancient texts and ideologies, and these are what influenced the development of my theory, not modern philosophers such as Leibniz or Kant. So rather than kludge together other people's ideas, which is the normal way that scholars work, I built the Simple Explanation of Absolutely Everything from the ground up using my own observation and logic. And then around 2016, I read a copy of the Nag Hammadi Scriptures. At first I found the ideas shocking. These were the very heresies my conservative Christianity had warned me away from. According to Christians, these beliefs were excluded from our modern versions of the Bible to protect the church from theological misinformation. I discovered that radical repackaging had removed from the New Testament a type of spiritual belief that was well- known to Jesus and his followers. This belief system, commonly called Gnosticism, describes Christianity differently than does our modern Church. Gnosticism makes sense of most of the more mysterious aspects of Christianity, including humanity's role in the great scheme of things, and common questions such as “why is there evil in the world?” Many of these answers to longstanding theological problems were resurrected along with the Nag Hammadi scriptures when they were rediscovered and exhumed from the desert sands in 1945. I learned that the Nag Hammadi scriptures had been buried deep in the Egyptian desert around 350 AD, preserving them from the great Biblical purge conducted by the Council of Nicene at the behest of the Catholic Pope and the Emperor of Rome as they shaped and packaged Christianity to suit their needs. Keep in mind that these ancient teachings have been held back from almost 2000 years of formal study and Christian theology. So what you are about to learn from the Nag Hammadi scriptures is fresh, clean, and unsullied by centuries of scholastic and theological opinions. Over the next couple of years I carefully picked up the Nag Hammadi and I set it back down numerous times, lest I be led astray by false beliefs. Eventually I narrowed my focus to one of the codices in particular that seemed to accord most closely with my understanding of the teachings of Jesus. This book is called The Tripartite Tractate, which simply means the 3-part book. The “3” also refers to the 3-part nature of humanity: spiritual, psychological, and material. I spent time conducting a word study on the Tripartite Tractate, attempting to nail down some very confusing, archaic language. I also made diagrams and illustrations of the ideas presented in the book as I read. Then I put the material away for another year to let it rest and percolate. Finally, in 2019, I wrote and published a small book called The Gnostic Gospel Illuminated, based upon the Tripartite Tractate. The purpose of The Gnostic Gospel Illuminated is to present the gnosis of the Tripartite Tractate as simply and clearly as possible. The format of the Gnostic Gospel book is similar to the Chick cartoon tracts I used to hand out during my Jesus-freak days in the late 1960s. Each concept in the Gnostic Gospel is illustrated by my own original artwork that converts difficult ideas from the Tripartite Tractate into easy-to-understand drawings. With my simple Gnostic Gospel, anyone, of any level of education, can grasp Gnostic theology. Since that time, I have continued to develop the Gnostic theology as presented in the Tripartite Tractate through my Gnostic Insights podcast. I have also had the pleasure of presenting this Gnostic theology as a guest on numerous podcasts hosted by others. The book, A Simple Explanation of the Gnostic Gospel, represents the current state of my personal gnosis within the context of a fully developed Gnostic theology. Although The Gnostic Gospel Illuminated presents everything one needs to know to remember the gnosis they were born with, A Simple Explanation of the Gnostic Gospel goes beyond The Gnostic Gospel Illuminated to explain, as simply as humanly possible, the why's and wherefores of gnosis. Before we go any further let's answer the question: what is gnosis? We keep talking about gnosis and Gnosticism, but what does this mean? Gnosis simply means knowing. And in the gnostic frame of reference, gnosis refers to remembering the truth of our existence and our origin. Gnostic literature says we come into life holding all of this knowledge within ourselves and we have complete access to the Father, the Son, and the Fullness at any time that we turn our focus upward. It is this direct conduit to the Father that brings us into alignment with our gnosis. Gnosis is a Greek word. Another word related to gnosis is anamnesis. You know that the word amnesia means forgetting. Anamnesis means not forgetting. So the process of coming to gnosis is a process called anamnesis—or remembering. Just to let you know, this book sometimes throws around big words like anamnesis. Not to worry though, because the goal here is to explain these words clearly enough so you will be able to understand them without running to the dictionary. Many people claim that it is impossible to know or describe the full glory of the transcendent, immortal Father due to our own human limitations. After all, how could limited beings such as ourselves possibly imagine the greatness of the originator of the universe, much less our place in the grand design? Wouldn't lesser beings reflect a diminished view of God? Wouldn't these lesser beings be limited to offering a tarnished glory that falls far short of the object of their praise? The Tripartite Tractate, the book of the Nag Hamadi that I use as my primary source material, puts it this way: “If the members of the ALL had risen to give glory according to the individual powers of each, they would have brought forth a glory that was only a semblance of the Father, who himself is the ALL. Thus creation would have been doomed from the outset to never comprehend the full glory of either the Father or itself.” According to the Gnostic Gospel, the Father realized the impossibility of his creation comprehending himself and so the Father built a helpful workaround meant to aid comprehension through selfless union and cooperation with others in a shared task. “For that reason, they were drawn into mutual intermingling, union, and oneness through the singing of praise from their assembled fullness. They were one and, at the same time, many, accurately reflecting the One who himself is the entirety of the ALL out of perfect union with itself and with the Son, and by means of a single shared effort, the ALL gave glory to the eternal one who had brought it forth.” We will learn all about the Father, the Son, and the ALL in the order that Creation itself came from the Father. I like to begin with the cosmos as it unfolded and rolled out. The word for that sort of study is “cosmogony,” which is the study of the origins of the universe. This makes the most sense to me–to start at the very beginning and then to go through the entire process of how everything came to be and who the principle players are and then, after that is established, to see how that applies to our lives. Then we can ask, “Why are we here? Is there a purpose to our lives? How should we live?” After that, we can finally consider the final roll-up of the universe and what happens after we die. All of these questions are answered very precisely in the Tripartite Tractate of the Nag Hammadi. This knowledge is “gnosis.” Valentinian Gnosticism is a form of Christianity, and I maintain that it is the true form of Christianity that Christianity should be. It is my understanding that this wisdom would have been what Jesus was actually talking about, and that's why the New Testament is consistent with what I have been teaching. When Jesus said, “I and my Father are One,” he was talking about the gnostic God Above All Gods. So you are not wandering into deep heresy by exploring Valentinian Gnosticism. However, if you are a Christian, you should know that there are indeed a couple of major heresies in Gnosticism. One major heresy, and this is a big heresy, is that that the Creator God of this universe that we've been calling Jehovah or Yaweh is not the God Above All Gods. Yes, Jehovah is the creator of the heavens and earth. But his creation only extends to the mineral level. Basically, Jehovah is in charge of all the material in the universe. Jehovah makes our material universe hold its shape and appear solid. So, yes, Jehovah as the Creator God of our material universe is in line with Christianity. But Gnosticism then goes on to say that the creator of this universe is not the Father, but a fallen entity. The Creator God is an Aeon who fell from the Fullness of God. In the Tripartite Tractate the Aeon who fell is named Logos. Another big heresy in gnostic Christianity is the notion that everyone will be redeemed. As our Christian New Testament repeatedly says, redemption is not based upon merit or works. It is not based upon rituals such as baptism and communion . Redemption is based upon the fact that Christ came to Earth and it was the Christ's job to redeem us all, not ours. So it doesn't matter what you think about Christ. It doesn't matter whether you believe in redemption or not, because your beliefs and actions do not limit the ability of Christ to accomplish his mission. I don't see universal redemption as the negative heresy it is made out to be. I actually find it empowers the role of Christ more than our modern church doctrine. It makes Jesus even more important because everyone is redeemed. Everyone who ever was, everyone who lives now, and everyone who will ever be is covered by the redemption of Christ, because it is Christ's job to do that and the Christ accomplished his job. This fact is actually stated throughout the New Testament, although generally misinterpreted. It doesn't matter whether you hold out as an atheist. The thing is, when you do hold out, when you refuse to acknowledge the mission of the Christ, then it's a pretty good indication that you are not in tune with the Father, because the Christ is the emissary of the Father. So if you reject the redemption of the Christ, you are rejecting the Father. If you love the Father, then you will love the Son. And if you love the Son, you will love the Christ. Sounds pretty Christian to me. Valentinian Gnosticism is most assuredly not a New Age religion. The books of the Nag Hammadi were written on sheepskin parchment and buried in a clay jar in the desert for 2000 years, so I don't see how you could call it “New Age.” If Valentinian Gnosticism has tenets in common with other popular belief systems, then those would be truths that they all happen to share. That is, the gnosis they may have in common doesn't imply they are historically related to each other. For example, my book–The Gnostic Gospel Illuminated—comes from the Tripartite Tractate of the Nag Hammadi. My retelling of the mythos is just good news for modern man. It is not hermetic; it is not a translation of wisdom from an Egyptian God. It is not New Age. This Gnostic Gospel is simply the story of who we are and where we come from. This is the information A Simple Explanation of the Gnostic Gospel will explain as thoroughly and as simply as possible. The gnosis I am sharing in this book honors God the Father and, as you begin to remember this inherent truth, you will experience a more joyful life. When we use our free will to remember our true inheritance, the God of this universe loses its power to control us. When we turn our eyes upward to the Father, we are freed from the burdens of this world. Once you begin to remember that you are truly loved by our heavenly Father, you will suffer less. When you begin to walk with virtue rather than embracing vice, you will be happier; you will be joyful. Not all of the time. Bad things do happen. But suffering as a response to life's challenges is unnecessary. We are living in a fallen world, and that, I suppose, is another gnostic heresy. For some reason, modern Christians want to insist that this world is blessed by God and is blessedly perfect. But we all know this world we live in isn't perfect, and when you deny that fact you become unduly frustrated and sad , even to the point of depression. Pharmaceuticals are not the solution; gnosis is. One last thing before we leave this introduction. A Simple Explanation of the Gnostic Gospel is not a scholarly, theological tome. Gnosis means knowing. This sort of knowing is not related to book learning. Gnosis refers to remembering what you already know–anamnesis. The point of spiritual study is not to learn new things but to mine what you already possess deep inside of you. When you study new ideas, you must continually weigh the information you are taking in against your own discernment. The purpose of this book is not so much to teach you about Gnosticism; the purpose of this book is to stimulate your own innate gnosis. And there is really only one gnosis that matters in the end, and that is remembering your cosmic origin and the purpose of being alive. Are you familiar with that expression that says, “You can't take it with you”? You can't take it with you usually means that your possessions and your money are worthless to you after you die. People say, “You may as well spend what you have now rather than hoard it, because you can't take it with you,” or, “You should be more generous with your possessions and share them with others, because you can't take it with you.” But aside from money and possessions, another thing you can't take with you is worldly knowledge and book learning. The memes that you pick up here in our material cosmos will not follow you into the afterlife. The only memes that will persist beyond this place and time are those that are compatible with the values of the Pleroma, often referred to as virtues. So you can be a billionaire here in this life, you could be a tech giant and shoot off your own rockets to Mars, you could be President of the United States or the head of a crime syndicate, but you won't have a dime in Heaven. Likewise, you can have three Ivy League degrees but learn nothing of lasting value. Your advanced degrees in religious studies or in physics or archeology are ultimately worthless. The only knowledge of lasting value is the gnosis that transcends this material cosmos. This is the type of knowledge we address in this book: gnosis of the Father and the Son, gnosis of the Pleroma and the Aeons, gnosis of the fall and how to avoid partaking in the fall, gnosis of redemption from the fall, gnosis of the mission of the Christ, and gnosis of the Simple Golden Rule of love and cooperation. More than book learning, what we really need to learn is discernment. Our culture does not promote either critical thinking or discernment. Our culture actually promotes going along to get along. Our culture teaches us to feed our narcissistic egos and denies that we exist beyond our egos. Science officially denies the existence of souls because souls cannot be dissected, weighed, or measured, and science only believes in tangible evidence they can squeeze out of their experiments. You can't tease out a soul in an atom smasher. But here's what I'd like to tell you today: that the academy of scholars don't know much of anything of lasting value. This is because academia only studies “isms” and not gnosis. Academic publications are, for the most part, empty of any sort of gnosis or spiritual discernment. University scholasticism, another ism, scours the writings of other scholars and builds upon officially pre-approved conclusions. This is why the footnotes and the reference sections are so important, because they disclose the limits of the scholar's inquiry. These scholars are not mining the actual source of knowledge. Rather, they are continually adding and stripping wallpaper from the walls of academia and painting over other people's decor in the name of intellectual progress. But it's not progress; it's only an accumulation of essentially useless information. We have no need of knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Knowledge should be used to inform your own gnosis. Knowledge should be weighed by the scales of your own discernment. The purpose of reading, writing, and arithmetic is to aid your own recall of gnosis. The purpose of scholarship, if you want to be a gnostic scholar, is to enhance your practice of gnosis. It is far better to be a gnostic practitioner with little formal education than to be a scholar with little or no gnosis. So go ahead and study, but realize that the study has no value unless it helps you to realize truth, and the only truth you need is Aeonic truth. The vast majority of memes do not lead us to truth. Most memes are forms of delusion, whether you pick them up from worldly culture or soulless universities. Most memes stand between you and your realization of self. In academia, consciousness is largely denied. Some academics go so far as to claim that apparent consciousness is nothing but random nodes in a mathematical abstraction, and that what we think of as ourselves is only packets of information that arise from calculations. Those researchers who are into consciousness studies believe themselves to be at the forefront of uncovering the nature of consciousness through scientific procedure. They are attempting to discover the true nature of consciousness through reductionism and measurements. The consciousness studies articles I have read attempt to reduce consciousness rather than expand it. They believe consciousness can be grasped by going tinier and tinier. That's called scientific reductionism. It reduces the big to the tiny. A Simple Explanation of the Gnostic Gospel is the opposite of reductionism. We keep going larger and larger, all the way up to the gigantic, to the immeasurable, to the level of the Aeons, the Pleroma, the Son, the Christ, and the Father. That's the opposite direction of reductionism. It's going large. So hang onto your hats and let's get ready to mine some very big gnosis. You may purchase my original book, The Gnostic Gospel Illuminated at gnosticinsights.com. It is also available as a pocket edition from lulu.com for only $7. You may purchase A Simple Explanation of the Gnostic Gospel at amazon or even your local independent book store; just ask them to order it for you. It is listed in the Ingram catalog. It is also available in kindle and audible, narrated by Aeon Byte's Miguel Conner. If you have purchased any of the books, please leave a review on amazon.com. We need to raise their profile in the amazon algorithm so others will see the books. Feel free to use the Comments form on the Contact Us page at gnosticinsights.com or the Gnostic Reformation on Substack if you would like to ask any questions. Your ongoing support of this Gnostic Insights podcast is greatly appreciated. Thank you!

Lo último de Escohotado acaba de ver la luz. Si, ya sé que el maestro murió hace más de tres años, pero algo dejó escrito para que ahora su hijo Jorge lo haya adaptado para su publicación póstuma. Ese algo es la “Filosofía para no filósofos” publicado por la editorial Espasa y que supone la última de las lecciones escohotadianas. No es un libro enteramente nuevo, se trata de una adaptación de textos anteriores como “Filosofía y metodología de las ciencias sociales” publicado hace más de cuarenta años y “Génesis y evolución del análisis científico”, que vio la luz a principios de siglo. En ambos casos se encuentran descatalogados, luego tenemos la oportunidad de acceder a un material de primera calidad que nació en las clases que Escohotado impartía en la UNED. “Filosofía para no filósofos” hace honor al título. Es un texto accesible para un público amplio y cumple con creces la promesa de ofrecer un recorrido por la historia del pensamiento occidental desde los orígenes míticos hasta el siglo XX. En tanto que no deja de ser un manual de filosofía se puede abordar en cualquiera de los 24 capítulos que tiene. Arranca con el pensamiento arcaico y precientífico para luego adentrarse en la filosofía griega desde los presocráticos como Tales, Heráclito o Parménides hasta los grandes sistemas filosóficos de Platón y Aristóteles, a los que Escohotado critica por su excesivo idealismo. Hace hincapié en figuras como Epicuro y Lucrecio como precursores del racionalismo científico, y dedica espacio a la ciencia helenística personificada en Euclides y Arquímedes. Pasa de puntillas por la edad media ya que, a juicio del autor, es una época no especialmente innovadora en materia de pensamiento. El renacimiento y la modernidad, auténticas especialidades de Escohotado, los trata con gran detalle. A lo largo de varios capítulos desfilan los principales pensadores europeos de los siglos XV, XVI, XVII y XVIII: Copérnico, Kepler, Galileo, Bacon, Descartes, Newton, Spinoza (al que admira especialmente), Leibniz, empiristas ingleses como Locke, Berkeley y Hume, la Ilustración francesa e Immanuel Kant, al que dedica un capítulo entero Es un libro claro y totalmente accesible al lector lego en filosofía. Escohotado escribe con su característica elegancia, pero con un lenguaje directo, en ocasiones irónico y salpicado de anécdotas cotidianas. Su mérito principal es el de evitar a propósito la abstrusa jerga de los filósofos que hacen inabordables sus obras. Consigue hacer más o menos comprensibles conceptos realmente complejos como los sistemas filosóficos de Kant o Hegel. A todo le añade su perspectiva personal, determinada, caro está, por sus propias convicciones. Escohotado en vida defendía la libertad individual y el uso de la razón y, al mismo tiempo, criticaba de forma inmisericorde el irracionalismo y el colectivismo. No es, por lo tanto, un manual neutro, un resumen de historia de la filosofía. Cada una de sus páginas está impregnada por el espíritu y la erudición del autor. Una obra, en definitiva, muy valiosa e instructiva. Sirve como manual para aprender filosofía sí, pero también como punto de partida a muchas y muy buenas reflexiones sobre el mundo y la naturaleza humana. Hoy vamos a hablar de “Filosofía para no filósofos” en La ContraPortada. No estará el autor con nosotros (ya me gustaría), pero si su hijo Jorge, que es, como decía antes, quien se ha encargado de revisar esta edición y darle su forma final. - "Filosofía para no filósofos" de Antonio Escohotado - https://amzn.to/3Yih3B5 · Canal de Telegram: https://t.me/lacontracronica · “Contra el pesimismo”… https://amzn.to/4m1RX2R · “Hispanos. Breve historia de los pueblos de habla hispana”… https://amzn.to/428js1G · “La ContraHistoria del comunismo”… https://amzn.to/39QP2KE · “La ContraHistoria de España. Auge, caída y vuelta a empezar de un país en 28 episodios”… https://amzn.to/3kXcZ6i · “Contra la Revolución Francesa”… https://amzn.to/4aF0LpZ · “Lutero, Calvino y Trento, la Reforma que no fue”… https://amzn.to/3shKOlK Apoya La Contra en: · Patreon... https://www.patreon.com/diazvillanueva · iVoox... https://www.ivoox.com/podcast-contracronica_sq_f1267769_1.html · Paypal... https://www.paypal.me/diazvillanueva Sígueme en: · Web... https://diazvillanueva.com · Twitter... https://twitter.com/diazvillanueva · Facebook... https://www.facebook.com/fernandodiazvillanueva1/ · Instagram... https://www.instagram.com/diazvillanueva · Linkedin… https://www.linkedin.com/in/fernando-d%C3%ADaz-villanueva-7303865/ · Flickr... https://www.flickr.com/photos/147276463@N05/?/ · Pinterest... https://www.pinterest.com/fernandodiazvillanueva Encuentra mis libros en: · Amazon... https://www.amazon.es/Fernando-Diaz-Villanueva/e/B00J2ASBXM #FernandoDiazVillanueva #escohotado #filosofia Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Stephen Wolfram answers questions from his viewers about the history of science and technology as part of an unscripted livestream series, also available on YouTube here: https://wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qaTopics: How languages (and Wolfram Language) evolved - Leibniz, Babbage and early "computer science" ideas - Ancient civilizations and computational thinking

Changelings aren't the only ones who step outside the fleshly realm from time to time. Human magi have also been known to wander the farther spaces, and it's not unreasonable that a fae might encounter one of these upstart travelers. Mage: the Ascension's 2nd edition supplement Book of Worlds provides an in-depth treatment of how these willworkers perceive and navigate the Otherworlds. The text mainly deals with the Umbrae, but also contains the first detailed description of the Dreaming—or "Maya", to use their term. (It was early 1996, so very little had even been written for Changeling: the Dreaming at that point.) In this episode, Josh and Pooka pull some highlights from the book that are most relevant to CtD players, from the dreamscapes of Hollywood to mysterious spirit-muses, a smattering of those corners of the Dreaming mages have thus far explored, a space that is indeed vast... but what percentage of infinity is that? If you'd like to flip through the Otherworldly gazetteer yourself, check out https://www.storytellersvault.com/en/product/62217?affiliate_id=3063731 for options. Other links you might wish to click include our socials, such as: Discord: https://discord.me/ctp Email: podcast@changelingthepodcast.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100082973960699 Mastodon: https://dice.camp/@ChangelingPod Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/changelingthepodcast YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ChangelingThePodcast your hosts Josh Hillerup (any pronoun) is only two planets away from a free gift on the Magrathea punch-card! Pooka G (any pronoun/they) grudgingly accepts Leibniz's principle that this is the best of possible worlds, but only because baklava exists. As for me, I am tormented with an everlasting itch for things remote. I love to sail forbidden seas, and land on barbarous coasts. —Herman Melville, Moby-Dick

Steven is the Vilas Research Professor and the William H. Hay II Professor of Philosophy, at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Director of the Institute for Research in the Humanities at UW-Madison. He specializes in 17th century philosophy with a focus on Spinoza, Descartes, and Leibniz. His books include: Spinoza: A Life (1999) Rembrandt's Jews (2003) The Best of All Possible Worlds: A Story of Philosophers, God, and Evil (2008) The Philosopher, the Priest, and the Painter: A Portrait of Descartes (2013) Why Bad Thinking Happens to Good People: How Philosophy Can Save Us from Ourselves (2021), co-authored with Larry Shapiro He has two forthcoming books in 2026: Why Read Maimonides Today? Spinoza, Atheist _______________________________________ If you appreciate my work and would like to support it: https://subscribestar.com/the-saad-truth https://patreon.com/GadSaad https://paypal.me/GadSaad To subscribe to my exclusive content on X, please visit my bio at https://x.com/GadSaad _______________________________________ This clip was posted on November 5, 2025 on my YouTube channel as THE SAAD TRUTH_1933: https://youtu.be/qIqBMROrM7I _______________________________________ Please visit my website gadsaad.com, and sign up for alerts. If you appreciate my content, click on the "Support My Work" button. I count on my fans to support my efforts. You can donate via Patreon, PayPal, and/or SubscribeStar. _______________________________________ Dr. Gad Saad is a professor, evolutionary behavioral scientist, and author who pioneered the use of evolutionary psychology in marketing and consumer behavior. In addition to his scientific work, Dr. Saad is a leading public intellectual who often writes and speaks about idea pathogens that are destroying logic, science, reason, and common sense.  _______________________________________

This continuation of the Makers of the Modern World series covers the birth of rationalism in Germany, which eventually led to the marginalization of Lutheran orthodoxy in the academy.