The Articulate Fly

Episode OverviewThis Central PA Fishing Report on The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast finds host Marvin Cash checking in with George Costa, manager at TCO Fly Shop in State College, Pennsylvania, for a late-spring conditions update across Central PA's limestone streams. Recorded in late May ahead of Memorial Day weekend, the report captures one of the most productive dry fly windows of the year: sulphurs, March browns and Drakes are all in play simultaneously, and Costa is emphatic that the Drake hatch on Penns Creek is just now getting started en masse. Stream temperatures are sitting in the high 50s to low 60s — ideal for active feeding — though some waters like Spring Creek briefly nudged toward 64°F before a cooldown. Conditions have been running low and clear, which puts a premium on precise dry fly presentations, but an inch-plus of rain is expected Friday into Saturday, which should add needed flow without blowing anything out. Costa walks through how light and weather affect timing, advising anglers to fish earlier on overcast days and push toward evening on bright sunny ones. The episode closes with a preview of TCO Fly Shop events this summer, including the All Fins tournament benefiting Clearwater Conservancy and the Bass Thumb tournament.Key TakeawaysHow to time dry fly fishing around weather and light conditions — overcast days favor earlier sessions, while bright sunny days push fish and hatch activity toward evening.Why the current week is the critical window to target Drakes on Penns Creek and the surrounding Centre County streams before the hatch peaks and passes.How to read an incoming rain event on Central PA limestone streams — modest precipitation adds flow and color without blowing rivers out, making a rain jacket the only real adjustment needed.Why stream temperatures in the high 50s to low 60s signal optimal conditions for dry fly fishing, and when a reading near 64°F warrants closer attention as temps climb.When to reach for streamers during the spring hatch season — slow afternoon periods can yield fish even when hatches are dominating, but they shouldn't be your first play.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on dry fly fishing during the season's most prolific multi-hatch window. Costa covers presentation timing strategies for both overcast and sunny conditions, emphasizing that sunlight is the primary driver of hatch activity. Streamers get a brief mention as a productive option during slow afternoon stretches or in slightly colored water following rain, though Costa is clear that with this many bugs in the air, fish are predominantly keyed on surface food. The conversation does not get into specific fly patterns or tackle beyond confirming that this is unambiguously dry fly season — anglers headed to Central PA right now should have sulphur, March brown and Drake imitations ready across a range of sizes.Locations & SpeciesThe primary focal waters are Central Pennsylvania's limestone streams — Spring Creek and Penns Creek in Centre County are specifically named, with the broader network of Centre County spring creeks implied throughout. Wild trout are the target species in this fishery, and the presence of sulphurs, March browns and Drakes points squarely to the limestone stream ecosystem these waters represent. Stream temperatures at the time of recording were in the high 50s to low 60s, with Spring Creek briefly touching 64°F — conditions that remain comfortable for trout but worth monitoring as the season progresses. Low, clear flows have characterized the region since early spring, making careful presentations essential, though the incoming weekend rain is expected to provide welcome relief.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat hatches are active on Central PA limestone streams in late May?Late May is one of the busiest hatch periods on Central Pennsylvania limestone streams. Costa reports sulphurs, March browns and Drakes all active simultaneously at the time of recording, with Drake activity on Penns Creek just getting started en masse. He recommends the next five to seven days as the prime Drake window before it passes.How does weather affect dry fly fishing timing in Central PA?Light quality and temperature are the primary variables. On bright, sunny days, expect hatch and dry fly activity to concentrate toward evening; on cold, cloudy or overcast days, fish can be on the surface earlier and the window is broader. Costa frames this as a consistent seasonal pattern rather than day-to-day unpredictability.Should I fish through a rain event on Central PA streams?For modest rain events of an inch or so — the kind typical of Central PA's late spring pattern — Costa advises fishing through it. The streams can absorb the rainfall, may pick up some color but should remain fishable, and cooler post-rain conditions can actually improve hatch activity. Bring a rain jacket and don't cancel your trip.When should I consider throwing streamers during the spring hatch season?Streamers are worth a try during slow afternoon stretches when hatch activity is down and fish have stopped rising, or when water carries a little color following rain. Costa notes that with sulphurs, March browns and Drakes all in play, streamers are secondary — fish will be keyed on the surface the majority of the time.What are current stream temperature conditions on Central PA waters?At the time of this report, most Centre County limestone streams were running in the high 50s to low 60s — solidly within the optimal range for active trout feeding. Spring Creek briefly hit 64°F during a warm stretch, but a cooldown and incoming rain are expected to stabilize temps back into the ideal zone.Related ContentS8, Ep 17 - Spring Awakening: George Costa on Central PA Fishing and Upcoming HatchesS7, Ep 36 - Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 48 - Rain or Shine: Central PA's Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopS7, Ep 70 - The Dog Days of Summer: Trico Tactics in Central PA with George CostaS8, Ep 30 - Central PA Chronicles: George Costa's Guide to Spring Fishing Conditions and TechniquesConnect with Our GuestFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? 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Episode OverviewIn this Pennsylvania Smallmouth Report on The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash reconnects with Captain Brian Shumaker of Susquehanna River Guides for a timely late-spring conditions check on the Susquehanna River system. The frog bite has been exceptional — two solid weeks of deer hair bug action — and Brian breaks down exactly how to rig, dress and present deer hair frogs for surface-eating smallmouth before the post-spawn funk sets in. Beyond the fishing report, Marvin turns the episode over to a listener question from Myles, a college angler eyeing a career in guiding, and Brian delivers a candid, experience-rich breakdown of how to break into and build longevity in the guide game. Brian's own path — 40-plus years as a union electrician running parallel to a decades-long guiding career on the Susquehanna, with Bob Clouser as a key early mentor — frames the conversation in practical terms. The dual-career model, the reality of weather-dependent income, the roughly 10-year timeline to build a dependable client base, and the value of humility with clients all get real treatment here. This episode delivers useful tactical information for smallmouth anglers targeting the frog bite while also offering one of the most grounded, experience-backed discussions of guide career structure the show has produced.Key TakeawaysHow to select and prepare deer hair frog patterns — including applying resin to the belly for proper orientation — to maximize floatation and presentation during the late-spring frog bite on Pennsylvania smallmouth rivers.Why the frog bite window is typically compressed into the first few weeks of May under normal conditions, and how unseasonable heat and weather swings can extend or disrupt that window.When to adjust expectations after the spawn: the first three weeks of June typically produce slower, more selective fishing as post-spawn fish recuperate, though early-spawn fish may already be active.How to build a dedicated leader system for deer hair frogs — an 8-foot tapered construction stepping from 40-pound to 16-pound with a barrel swivel — that turns large surface flies over cleanly.Why building a guide career alongside a stable parallel career is a realistic and financially sound path, with Brian's union electrician model illustrating how to stage the transition over roughly 10 years.How to break into guiding by starting through local fly shops, connecting with independent guides as mentors or attending a structured guide school — with humility and client service as the non-negotiable foundation.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on top water fly fishing for smallmouth bass during the late-spring frog bite, with deer hair frogs — specifically the Umpqua swimming frog — as Brian's primary choice, supplemented by green blockhead poppers and green boogle bugs as accessible alternatives. Brian details his prep routine: applying resin to the belly of deer hair frogs to ensure the fly lands face-up, belly-down, and using a powder floatant (such as High and Dry) to maintain buoyancy throughout the day. For the leader, Brian constructs an 8-foot system stepping from 2 feet of 40-pound down through 30-pound and 25-pound sections, then 18 inches of 20-pound, a barrel swivel and an 18-inch tippet of 16-pound — a setup designed to turn over wind-resistant deer hair patterns without sacrificing control. His preferred fly line for the frog game is the Scientific Anglers Amplitude Bass Bug Taper, chosen for its ability to load quickly and deliver bulky flies accurately. The deer hair frog presentation is described as a highly visual game: the fly is watched throughout the retrieve, with the surface eat being the primary reward and tactical cue.Locations & SpeciesThe episode focuses on the Susquehanna River system in Central and South Central Pennsylvania, the home water of Susquehanna River Guides. Smallmouth bass are the exclusive target species discussed, specifically in the context of the late-spring frog bite and the post-spawn transition. Brian notes that under normal seasonal conditions, the frog bite runs from early to late May before the first three weeks of June bring slower, post-spawn fishing as fish recuperate from the spawn. The episode also touches on how erratic spring weather — extended heat waves followed by sharp cooldowns and potential rainfall — can compress or disrupt the frog window and push the spawn cycle off its typical rhythm. These conditions and species dynamics are broadly applicable to any angler fishing for smallmouth on mid-Atlantic river systems.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat is the best fly pattern and presentation for the late-spring smallmouth frog bite in Pennsylvania?Brian Shumaker's go-to is the Umpqua swimming frog, with green blockhead poppers and green boogle bugs as workable alternatives when deer hair patterns aren't available. He emphasizes that the frog game at this time of year is a visual experience — watching the fly, watching the eat — and that having the fly properly oriented (face-up, belly-down) through resin treatment and a powder floatant keeps the presentation clean and fishing effectively throughout a day on the water.How do you rig a leader for casting deer hair frog patterns on a fly rod?Brian builds an 8-foot tapered leader starting with 2 feet of 40-pound, stepping down through 2 feet of 30-pound and 2 feet of 25-pound, then 18 inches of 20-pound, a barrel swivel and a final 18-inch section of 16-pound tippet. The taper allows the heavy, wind-resistant deer hair fly to turn over cleanly, and the barrel swivel reduces line twist during the retrieve. He pairs this system with the Scientific Anglers Amplitude Bass Bug Taper fly line.How long does the frog bite window typically last for Pennsylvania smallmouth, and what ends it?Under normal conditions, Brian says the frog bite starts around the beginning of May and runs through the end of May — roughly a four-week window. Post-spawn funk among June fish and the shift to summer patterns typically close the most productive surface action. This year, an erratic spring with heat waves and sharp temperature drops has made the window less predictable, and incoming rainfall may affect how much of the frog bite remains.What is the best way to break into the fly fishing guide profession?Brian recommends starting by approaching local fly shops about guide training opportunities, or connecting with established independent guides who may be willing to take on a mentee. Guide schools — typically two-week programs often run in the West — provide certification that carries weight with outfitters. The most important qualities, in Brian's experience, are humility and a genuine commitment to the client experience. He credits Bob Clouser as a critical mentor in his own career, while acknowledging that not everyone will have access to that level of mentorship.How long does it realistically take to build a viable guiding career, and how do you manage financial risk along the way?Brian's honest answer is about 10 years to build a client base substantial enough to feel comfortable leaving a parallel career for the guiding season. He ran a union electrician career alongside his guiding work for decades, which gave him the flexibility to ramp up guiding progressively without the full financial exposure of going all-in immediately. He compares guiding to farming in terms of weather dependency — wet springs, low summer flows and drought conditions can all eliminate weeks of booked trips — and emphasizes that the income risk is real and not suited to everyone.Related ContentS8, Ep 31: Chasing Smallmouth: Brian Shumaker's Adaptations for Unpredictable Spring WeatherS8, Ep 27: The Pre-Spawn Puzzle: Captain Brian Shumaker's Tips for Pennsylvania SmallmouthS1, Ep 97: All Things Smallmouth with Mike SchultzS7, Ep 33: Nut Jobs and Chimichangas: A PA Smallmouth Update with Brendan RuchConnect with Our GuestFollow Brian on Facebook and Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash sits down with Jason Taylor — a Philadelphia-area fly tier, Tier's Row fixture at the Edison show and regular contributor to Masters of the Fly — for a wide-ranging conversation about fly tying philosophy, natural materials and the tradition of innovation rooted in Bob Popovics' work. On this fly fishing podcast episode, Taylor traces his journey from a 2008 Belize honeymoon that ignited his passion for the sport, to the early-2010s online forums — particularly Stripers Online — that connected him with a formative community of Northeast saltwater tiers including Popovics and David Nelson. Taylor shares the philosophy that drives every session at the vise: every feature in a fly must serve a purpose, and materials should be used as sparingly as possible to achieve it. The conversation digs into the enduring versatility of the hollow fleye platform — what Taylor calls "the Christmas tree" — its adaptability across materials and applications, and his own innovations including an ostrich herl hollow fleye variant and a Surf Candy adaptation with embedded foam for neutral buoyancy when targeting false albacore in calm, glassy conditions. Taylor also offers detailed guidance on selecting and handling bucktail and ostrich herl, shares tying tips rarely covered elsewhere, and takes listeners through the exotic and vintage natural materials currently occupying his tying bench.Key TakeawaysHow to apply Bob Popovics' "Christmas tree" principle to hollow fleye design — preserving the core profile shape while freely adapting materials, proportions and techniques.Why using less material than you think you need almost always produces a more castable, livelier fly.How to select bucktail for hollow fleyes by identifying soft, kinky fiber pulled from the middle half to two-thirds of the tail for the most predictable flare under thread pressure.Why a neutrally buoyant fly presentation — using embedded foam under a hard body paired with an intermediate line — consistently outperforms standard Surf Candy patterns when false albacore become selective in calm, flat-water conditions.How to stabilize thread wraps using brushable cyanoacrylate applied directly to the thread before making final wraps rather than to the hook or materials.Why grading ostrich herl by length, taper and barb density — rather than just overall plume size — is critical to achieving consistent movement in large saltwater patterns.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on hollow fleye construction — specifically the bucktail collar technique Bob Popovics developed and Taylor has refined over more than a decade, including his personal adaptation of palmering ostrich herl down a mono or shank base to create a mobile, feather-forward variant. Taylor details his Surf Candy–based neutral buoyancy modification, incorporating foam beneath the hard body to maintain a suspending presentation throughout the retrieve — not just the first few strips — which he argues better matches the behavior of bait sitting still in calm, low-turbulence water when paired with an intermediate fly line. He also covers his evolution of the Semper Fli, replacing time-consuming palmered feather fronts with commercially available fly tying brushes for consistent, production-speed results without sacrificing profile. On the tools and materials side, Taylor explains his preference for monofilament thread for virtually all saltwater work (with gel-spun for mounting eyes), walks through his grading process for both bucktail and ostrich herl, and advocates for brushable cyanoacrylate applied to the thread to more durably secure the final wraps. He references Regal as his favored vise, Tuffleye (a blue-light–cured resin with origins in dental applications) as his preferred coating for albie and Surf Candy patterns, and monofilament as the default thread for nearly all non-dry fly work.Locations & SpeciesTaylor's saltwater fishing world centers on the Northeast coast — New Jersey beaches and jetty structure where he targets false albacore (albies) and striped bass. The neutral-buoyancy Surf Candy modification he developed addresses a specific condition: calm, glassy water where bait is suspended neutrally in the water column rather than being pushed and darting erratically, a situation that allows albies to scrutinize flies far more critically than in ripping current. The foam-infused body paired with an intermediate line creates the illusion of naturally suspended bait being dragged just below the surface — a presentation Taylor describes as reliably effective when albies appear finicky. Jetty fishing accounts for heavy fly loss in his program, which directly influences his bench work: efficient, repeatable tying at high quality is not just an aesthetic goal but a practical one.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat is the "Christmas tree" principle and why has the hollow fleye remained relevant for decades?Taylor borrows this framing directly from Bob Popovics: the hollow fleye's core construction — bucktail tied in parallel to the shank and then pushed back on itself in a reverse tie to form an umbrella shape — creates a foundational profile that can be dressed up or stripped down infinitely. In its simplest form it ties in under five minutes and catches fish for anything; at the other extreme it accommodates exotic feather work, articulations and brush-based enhancements while retaining the original profile logic. Taylor's own ostrich herl variant illustrates how elastic the platform is: by palmering ostrich around a mono or shank base — orienting the material perpendicular to the base rather than parallel — he achieved a different movement profile while staying true enough to the Christmas tree shape that Popovics immediately recognized the technique as sound. That openness to adaptation was always the point: a baseline any tier could take and make their own.How do you select bucktail for hollow fleyes?Look for fibers that are soft, slightly kinky or wavy rather than pin-straight, and of medium hollowness. Taylor recommends pulling material from the middle half to two-thirds of the tail, where hair has enough hollow structure to flare predictably but enough density to stay controlled. He warns that the softest, most hollow base fibers can be too erratic for general hollow collar work and are better reserved for specific profile applications near the front of a fly.Why do false albacore seem to go finicky in calm, flat water?Taylor's answer is that this behavior isn't true selectivity — it's a physics mismatch. In ripping current or choppy conditions, bait is pushed around and moves erratically; a fly stripped through that same water fits right in. In flat, glassy conditions, suspended bait is genuinely neutrally buoyant and barely moving, and albies can see that a standard fly doesn't replicate that suspension. His foam-infused body maintains the neutrally buoyant presentation throughout the retrieve rather than sinking progressively as trapped air escapes, which he argues is the key to the pattern's effectiveness in those conditions.How should brushable cyanoacrylate be used correctly at the vise?The standard approach — applying glue directly to the hook shank or finished materials — can stiffen fibers and make delicate collars unpredictable. Taylor applies brushable super glue to the thread itself, just before making final securing wraps, which locks the thread without affecting material movement or positioning. This is especially useful when controlling sparse bucktail or fine feathers where a traditional coat would ruin the texture and action of a finished collar.Why does kinky or wavy bucktail produce a better hollow fleye than straight bucktail?Taylor explains that kinky, wavy bucktail creates an illusion of greater bulk and size than the amount of material actually on the hook warrants. Just as straightening curly hair reveals how much longer it truly is, the kinks and curves in wavy bucktail compress into a shorter measured length — meaning the fibers occupy more visual space on the hook than pin-straight hair of the same count would. For hollow fleyes, where the goal is achieving profile and the illusion of size with the least possible material, that optical magnification effect is a direct advantage. Straight bucktail, by contrast, gives you exactly what it is and nothing more.SponsorsThanks to TroutRoutes for sponsoring this episode. Use ARTFLY20 to get 20% off of your TroutRoutes Pro membership.Related ContentS6, Ep 144: The Chocklett Factory: Conservation, New Products and a Legacy RememberedS8, Ep 14: Crafting Connections: Blane Chocklett on Fly Design and Conservation at Tie FestS6, Ep 91: Predator Flies and Sparkle Boats: Steve Maldonado's JourneyS7, Ep 66: Tales of a...

Episode OverviewIn this Casting Angles episode of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash reconnects with Master Casting Instructor and veteran Western North Carolina guide Mac Brown of Mac Brown Fly Fish in Bryson City for a timely mid-May conditions update on the Tuckasegee River. With the delayed harvest season winding down and roughly three weeks left to fish the DH water, Mac and Marvin break down exactly what anglers are up against — and how to read it correctly. The Tuck is running well below its seasonal average at roughly 400–500 cfs compared to a normal 1,600–1,800 cfs, but recent rainfall and cooler temperatures are providing a welcome reprieve from what has been a difficult spring across the mid-Atlantic and southern Appalachians. The episode centers on one of the most practical and underappreciated skills in trout fishing: learning to distinguish between freshly stocked fish and the educated holdover and lake-run trout that share the same water — and adjusting technique and fly selection accordingly. Mac walks through his system for identifying fish by their behavior and location, his nymphing rig progressions through the day, and why moving away from indicators is no longer optional in low, clear water.Key TakeawaysHow to identify stocked versus holdover and lake-run trout on the Tuckasegee by using stocking truck access points and "junk food" fly response as a quick field diagnostic.Why fishing a natural-colored anchor pattern like a Walt's Worm in the morning and transitioning to smaller flies as the day progresses is Mac's preferred nymphing progression in low, clear water.How to position a small nymph pattern on the dropper or point depending on whether fish appear to be feeding higher in the column or holding deep.Why using a large sacrificial dry fly — a Parachute Adams, Stimulator or Elk Hair Caddis — as a sight indicator for a trailing small dry creates a "training wheels" system for less experienced dry fly anglers targeting educated fish on size 18–20 patterns and smaller.How marking your fly line or leader with small foam indicators or competition nymphing wax lets you track takes by watching for changes in the alignment of the indicators or wax marks.Why fishing indicator-free with a longer leader at low water is increasingly critical as DH fish become conditioned to suspension devices.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode focuses primarily on indicator-free and low-profile presentation techniques for technical low-water trout fishing. Mac's core nymphing approach involves a natural-colored anchor fly paired with a very small midge or emerger, with dropper or point placement adjusted based on where fish appear to be in the water column. For dry fly fishing, both Mac and Marvin advocate a sacrificial large attractor — Parachute Adams, Elk Hair Caddis, Stimulator — with a size 18–20 smaller pattern that fish are actually eating trailed 12–14 inches behind; they call the large fly "the sacrificial fly" for a reason: it never gets eaten, it just helps anglers locate their small fly. As an alternative to a sacrificial dry, Marvin recommends marking the fly line or leader with foam stick-ons or nymphing wax and watching for the indicator marking to straighten on the take. Mac confirms that big bobber rigs and streamers are the wrong tools when PhD fish are locked into size 20–24 midges and blue-winged olive emergers.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do I tell whether I'm fishing to freshly stocked trout or educated holdover fish on the Tuckasegee?Mac's field diagnostic starts with geography: on the Tuck, stocking trucks can only access about five specific pullouts on the narrow gravel road, so fish podded up near those locations are almost certainly recent stockers. Fish holding far from those access points in less obvious water are likely holdovers or lake-run trout. A second confirmation: throw a "junk food" fly — a bright attractor or gaudy nymph — through a riffle. If you're getting easy eats, those are the new fish. PhD fish feeding on size 20–24 midges will ignore streamers and big rigs entirely.When should I use an indicator versus fishing indicator-free on low, clear water?Mac's view is unambiguous: in low, clear conditions — especially late in the DH season when fish have been seeing indicators for weeks — suspension devices hurt your results more than they help. He prefers a longer leader setup, tracking the nail knot or line end visually, and fishing emerger patterns just an inch or two under the film. The mechanics of detecting a subtle take watching the line end are no different from detecting takes when tight-line nymphing subsurface. Marvin adds that marking the leader with foam indicators or competition wax gives less experienced anglers a visual reference without the wake and shadow of a traditional indicator.What is the "sacrificial fly" system for small dry fly fishing?The idea is to rig a large, highly visible attractor — a Parachute Adams, Elk Hair Caddis or Stimulator — with a small dry fly (size 18–20 or smaller) trailed 12–14 inches behind it. The big fly never gets eaten by selective fish; it simply anchors your eye to where the small fly roughly is. When a fish rises anywhere near the attractor's position, lift — hook sets are free. Mac notes that after hundreds of drifts through the same run, not one fish ate the big fly, but many took the small trailer. It functions as training wheels for anglers who aren't yet comfortable tracking a size 20 dry without a reference point.How do I adjust fly placement between dropper and point position when nymphing small nymphs?Mac adjusts this through the day based on where he believes fish are holding and feeding. Early in the morning when fish are likely still deeper, he puts the small fly on the point so it sinks further. As conditions warm and light increases — and as fish move toward emerging insect activity — he moves the small fly up to the dropper position, higher in the water column to intercept fish feeding near the surface. This single rig adjustment tracks fish behavior as the day progresses without changing the entire setup.What are current Tuckasegee River conditions and how long does the delayed harvest season last?Recorded approximately 10–11 days into May, this episode describes the Tuck running at roughly 400–500 cfs — significantly below its seasonal average of 1,600–1,800 cfs. Recent rainfall and cooler overnight temperatures (upper 30s) are providing relief. DH fish remain in the water until the first Saturday of June, giving anglers roughly three weeks from the recording date to target them. A fresh stocking round has been completed, so both new fish and conditioned holdovers are present simultaneously.Related ContentS8, Ep 25: The Science of Stealth: Mac Brown on Fishing Techniques for Low Flow ScenariosS7, Ep 88: Low Water, Big Adjustments: Mac Brown's Essential Tips for Fall Fishing SuccessS7, Ep 41: Navigating High Water: Strategies for Success with Mac BrownS7, Ep 28: Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS6, Ep 145: Navigating Winter Waters: Unconventional Strategies with Mac BrownConnect with Our GuestFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about...

Episode OverviewThe Articulate Fly's Pennsylvania Smallmouth Report returns with Captain Brian Shumaker of Susquehanna River Guides, delivering a timely mid-spring conditions update for the Susquehanna River system in Central Pennsylvania. This episode cuts straight to the practical challenge facing every Mid-Atlantic smallmouth angler right now: how to fish effectively when an extreme pattern of temperature swings — 80°F one day, back to the 50s by mid-week — is compressing and disrupting the spawn, locking fish down unpredictably, and keeping the frog bite from ever materializing. Brian, a veteran guide with over three decades on the Susquehanna, breaks down how he approaches these volatile conditions with clients, from the diagnostic logic of starting with yesterday's best fly and quickly reading fish mood, to the deeper strategic pivot of going subsurface on intermediate lines when topwater won't produce. He also touches on where the spawn currently stands — with the first wave already pushing some fish into early post-spawn funk — and what anglers can expect as conditions hopefully stabilize heading toward summer. For anyone planning time on Pennsylvania smallmouth water this spring, Brian's approach to grinding through difficult conditions with a rotating bench of swim flies and crayfish patterns offers both tactical and mental frameworks worth internalizing.Key TakeawaysHow to use yesterday's producing fly as a quick diagnostic starting point and pivot efficiently to Plan B when conditions have shifted overnight.Why slowing retrieve speed and fishing deeper are the first two adjustments to make when dropping temperatures cause smallmouth to lock jaw.How intermediate sink lines provide a versatile middle ground that keeps flies in the strike zone when topwater conditions are marginal.When to rotate through a broad multi-pattern bench — swim flies, Half-and-Halfs, Clousers and crayfish patterns — rather than forcing a single presentation in unpredictable spring conditions.Why crayfish patterns like the Clawdad are producing when stomach content checks confirm fish are actively keying on crayfish as a primary food source.How the unusual spring temperature volatility in Central PA is producing an early post-spawn funk in first-wave fish while later-wave spawners are still active, creating a mixed-mood fishery that demands adaptable tactics.Techniques & Gear CoveredBrian's current approach centers on intermediate sink lines as the primary tool for getting flies into the strike zone. From there, he runs a rotating bench of approximately a dozen patterns, starting with Clousers, swim flies and Half-and-Halfs and moving through the progression until something sticks — a systematic elimination approach that reflects hard-earned guiding experience in variable conditions. When temperatures drop and fish go passive, he leads with slower presentations before working up to more active retrieves. Crayfish imitations have been particularly productive, with Brian noting that fish are showing crayfish in their gullets on inspection — a data point that drives fly selection rather than guesswork. He specifically mentions patterns in the Clawdad-style that can be fished up off the bottom and animated to mimic a fleeing crayfish. Topwater setups remain rigged as a secondary option for afternoon sessions, with Brian noting that conditions like a sulphur hatch could still prompt fish to look up even in an otherwise subsurface day.Locations & SpeciesThe episode focuses on the Susquehanna River system in Central Pennsylvania, the fishery Brian has guided exclusively since founding Susquehanna River Guides in 1993. The Susquehanna is a fertile limestone river renowned for one of the strongest wild smallmouth bass fisheries in the eastern United States, characterized by rock ledges, wide shallow riffles and abundant crayfish and aquatic insect life. Target species is exclusively smallmouth bass throughout this report. The episode is recorded during the mid-spring spawn window, with Brian projecting that spawning activity on his water will wrap up around the third week of May and that some first-wave fish are already showing early post-spawn behavioral funk — while later-wave fish are still active and available. The unusual temperature volatility this spring is affecting fish behavior across the entire east coast smallmouth fishery, not just the Susquehanna, making Brian's adaptable mid-spring approach broadly applicable.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do you adapt your fly fishing approach when spring temperatures swing wildly day to day?Brian starts each session by testing what produced the day before — that gives a quick read on whether conditions have shifted. If that approach fails early, he moves to Plan B: slowing retrieve speed, going deeper and working through a systematic rotation of patterns until he finds something that matches the fish's current mood. The key is staying flexible rather than committing to a single technique.What fly line setups are most effective for Pennsylvania smallmouth in cold or variable spring conditions?Intermediate sink lines are Brian's primary tool right now, allowing him to keep flies subsurface without anchoring them to the bottom. Topwater rigs stay on deck for afternoon sessions as a speculative option, particularly when hatches are occurring. In colder conditions, he prioritizes slower patterns and quieter presentations before working up to more active swim fly retrieves.Why are crayfish fly patterns so effective for spring smallmouth bass fishing?Stomach content checks on the Susquehanna are showing fish actively feeding on crayfish, making imitative patterns a data-driven choice rather than a hunch. Patterns that can be fished up off the bottom and animated to simulate a fleeing crayfish — rather than dragged along bottom and snagged — are producing best because they remain accessible to fish holding at a range of depths.When does the smallmouth spawn typically wrap up on the Susquehanna River in Central PA?Under normal conditions, Brian expects spawning to be largely complete by the third week of May on his water. This spring's extreme temperature swings compressed the front end of the spawn but have also extended and complicated the overall picture, with first-wave fish already showing post-spawn behavior while later fish are still in the spawn cycle — creating a mixed-mood fishery that is more difficult to read than a typical spring.What should anglers expect after the spawn in terms of fish behavior and fishing quality?The post-spawn funk is real — fish that have completed spawning become temporarily lethargic and difficult to catch. Brian describes a brief early version of this pattern already affecting first-wave fish on his water. The good news is that once temperatures stabilize, fish typically come around quickly and the summer bite — including the anticipated frog bite and topwater action — can be excellent on the Susquehanna.Related ContentS8, Ep 27: The Pre-Spawn Puzzle: Captain Brian Shumaker's Tips for Pennsylvania SmallmouthS8, Ep 23: Low Water Chronicles: Matt Reilly on Pre-Spawn Smallmouth Strategies and Seasonal ShiftsS6, Ep 41: Smallmouth Secrets and Streamer Savvy with Brendan RuchS1, Ep 97: All Things Smallmouth with Mike SchultzConnect with Our GuestFollow Brian on Facebook and Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If...

Episode OverviewIn this Central PA Fishing Report on The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash checks in with George Costa, manager at TCO Fly Shop in State College, Pennsylvania, for a real-time spring conditions update. With prime season fully underway, Costa delivers an encouraging picture across Central PA's limestone stream corridor: water levels are running near seasonal averages, a minor push of off-color water on the Juniata is clearing, and the hatch activity is firing on multiple fronts simultaneously. Sulphurs are coming up on Spring Creek with Penns Creek and Fishing Creek close behind; March browns, blue-winged olives, tan caddis, little black caddis and a few brown stones are all in play. Costa advises carrying a wide variety of dry fly and nymph patterns to dial in what individual fish want on a given day — a critical tactical point during a period when presentations can shift from a size-20 olive nymph to a size-12 jig between sessions. With cooler temperatures and overcast skies pushing the best dry fly action into the afternoon, he notes that warmer, brighter days ahead will shift peak hatch windows toward evening. For anglers ready to strike while the iron is hot, Costa is emphatic: this next month represents the best fishing of the year in Central PA, and the window before summer low-water conditions close in is narrow.Key TakeawaysHow to carry and rotate a broad pattern selection — dry flies, nymphs and streamers — to match the fast-changing multi-hatch conditions of Central PA's peak spring season.Why afternoon currently outperforms morning sessions on days with cooler temperatures and overcast skies, and when to expect that window to shift toward evening as conditions warm.When to reach for streamers even during prime dry fly season — particularly after rain events add color to the water.How to use attractor-style Euro jig nymphs (Frenchies and similar patterns) as a consistent fallback when dry fly activity isn't dialed in.Why the next four to six weeks represent the peak fishing window of the year in Central PA — and how summer low-water and rising temperatures will close that window by mid-to-late June.Techniques & Gear CoveredGeorge Costa covers a multi-technique spring approach anchored by dry fly fishing during active afternoon hatch windows, with Euro-style nymphing as the go-to when surface activity is absent. On the dry fly front, the current hatch slate — sulphurs, March browns, olives, tan caddis, little black caddis and brown stones — demands anglers carry a broad selection rather than betting on a single pattern. Costa specifically calls out attractor-style nymphs including Frenchies, as well as general Euro jig patterns as reliable subsurface options, noting that fish can shift from small olive nymphs to larger size-12 jigs between sessions. Streamer fishing is flagged as a productive opportunistic tactic when rain pushes off-color water through the system. Costa also references Wheatley stacked fly boxes as the organizational tool of choice for managing the diversity of patterns required this time of year.Locations & SpeciesThe episode focuses on the Central Pennsylvania limestone stream corridor centered around State College, with Spring Creek, Penns Creek, Fishing Creek and the Juniata all discussed. The Juniata was carrying slight color at the time of recording following a rain event but was dropping and clearing. Spring Creek and Penns Creek are highlighted as the primary waters for emerging sulphur hatches, with Fishing Creek also noted as part of the sulphur progression. The target species throughout is trout — the wild brown trout fisheries that define Centre County's reputation as a world-class dry fly destination. Costa notes that current conditions are tracking at or near seasonal averages, with the brief concern of summer low-water and warming temperatures expected to begin closing the prime window somewhere between mid and late June.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat hatches are active right now in Central PA?Multiple hatches are producing simultaneously: sulphurs are emerging on Spring Creek with Penns Creek and Fishing Creek following closely behind, March browns are coming up, blue-winged olives are present throughout, and tan caddis, little black caddis and brown stones are all in the mix. Costa emphasizes that the diversity of activity makes pattern variety an important tool for hatch-matching precision at this stage of the season.How should I adjust my dry fly timing during Central PA's spring season?Under the current cooler temperatures and overcast conditions, the best dry fly action has been occurring in the afternoon. As warmer and sunnier days arrive, Costa expects the peak hatch windows to shift toward evening — a seasonal pattern Central PA anglers should track closely and adjust their on-water schedules accordingly.When should I throw streamers during spring dry fly season?Streamers remain a viable and productive option any time rain events push off-color water through the system, even when dry fly activity is strong on clearer water. Costa frames streamers as a situational rather than primary tactic at this point in the season — a useful arrow in the quiver after rain, but not the main focus when hatches are firing.What nymph patterns are working in Central PA right now?Pheasant Tails, Frenchies and attractor-style Euro jig nymphs are all producing consistently. Costa's key advice is to avoid getting locked into a single pattern: fish can want a small olive nymph one day and a size-12 jig the next, so carrying variety and being willing to change is the most important tactical principle for subsurface fishing during this hatch-rich window.How long will the prime spring fishing window last in Central PA?Costa estimates the best fishing of the year will continue for roughly the next four to six weeks from recording, with summer low-water conditions and rising water temperatures expected to become a concern sometime between mid and late June. The advice is clear: get on the water now while conditions are ideal.Related ContentS8, Ep 19 – Spring Fever: George Costa on Central PA's Fishing Conditions and Upcoming HatchesS8, Ep 17 – Spring Awakening: George Costa on Central PA Fishing and Upcoming HatchesS8, Ep 4 – Chilly Waters and Crafty Flies: A New Year Fishing Report with George CostaS7, Ep 36 – Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 48 – Rain or Shine: Central PA's Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopConnect with Our GuestFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? 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Episode OverviewThe Articulate Fly returns to Southwest Virginia with guide Matt Reilly of Matt Reilly Fly Fishing for a candid late-spring conditions update covering the 2026 striper run, the smallmouth spawn transition and the tactical realities of fishing during one of the most compressed and drought-affected springs on record. Marvin Cash and Matt dissect a season that accelerated and stalled simultaneously — an extended cold February followed by an abrupt heat spike of 85–95°F days in late March and early April, paired with persistently low water, collapsed the striper run and complicated every major seasonal transition on Southwest Virginia's river systems. The weird weather and flows have made it genuinely difficult to pattern pre- and post-spawn smallmouth — the fish anglers actually want to target — because the usual seasonal cues have been compressed and scrambled. Matt provides a practical framework for identifying spawning males so you can skip them and keep hunting for fish that are actively feeding: the lazy follow, the lip-grab without commitment, the fish that trails your bug 8–10 feet off the bank and turns back are all signs to move on. He also explains why low water in an otherwise frustrating spring carries a meaningful upside for long-term recruitment if dry conditions hold through June. The episode closes with a thoughtful response to a listener question from Myles about breaking into fly fishing guiding professionally, with Matt covering mentorship, income diversification, the ethics of client and fishery stewardship and the financial realities of building a sustainable guide business.Key TakeawaysHow to recognize spawning male smallmouth behavior — lazy follows, lip-grabs and short pursuits that turn back to the bank — so you can move on quickly and keep hunting actively feeding pre- and post-spawn fish.Why low-water drought springs can actually produce strong smallmouth recruitment classes if rain stays away through June.When to move on from a fish that follows your bug or streamer and returns to the bank without committing — and why skipping those fish is both the ethical and tactically correct call.How unusual weather and flows this spring have scrambled the typical pre- and post-spawn patterns, making it a mixed-bag season where reading individual fish behavior matters more than following a seasonal playbook.Why building a guide career requires prioritizing client relationships and fishery health above daily revenue — and how that long-term ethic translates to business sustainability.How diversifying income streams (writing, multi-species guiding, year-round fisheries) protects a guide's livelihood when weather, blowouts or other factors cut into prime booking windows.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe central tactical theme of this episode is finding and targeting actively feeding pre- and post-spawn smallmouth in low, clear water — a harder task than usual given how badly the weird weather and flows this spring have scrambled normal seasonal patterns. Matt covers top water bug presentations and streamer fishing as the primary techniques for this window, but stresses that reading individual fish behavior is the key skill right now. Stomach-pump data — stoneflies, bees, beetles, damselflies and dragonflies — confirms that genuinely feeding fish are keyed on terrestrials and aquatic insects, which gives anglers confidence that top water presentations are well-founded. The critical field skill Matt emphasizes is identifying spawning males quickly so you can move on: a fish that lazily follows a bug or streamer 8–10 feet off the bank and turns back, or that lip-grabs without committing, is a spawner to skip — not a fish to continue to work. The striper run is also discussed briefly in the context of the same low-water and warming conditions.Locations & SpeciesSouthwest Virginia's river systems — the New River drainage and surrounding waters — are the focus of this report, with Matt Reilly fishing and guiding the region year-round. Smallmouth bass are the primary target species for the spring through early fall, with striped bass serving as the transitional species between musky season and pre-spawn smallmouth and the remainder of smallmouth season. The compressed, weather-scrambled spring has made it unusually difficult to pattern pre- and post-spawn smallmouth — the fish Matt and his clients are after — with conditions shifting too quickly for the usual seasonal benchmarks to hold. The season discussed covers late April through early July, with May through late June highlighted as the core window for top water, baitfish and crayfish presentations once the spawn has run its course and actively feeding fish become reliably patternable again.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do you identify spawning male smallmouth so you can move on and find actively feeding fish?Matt explains that spawning males reveal themselves through a set of distinctive non-committal behaviors: lazily following a bug or popper without eating, lip-grabbing it without driving it down or trailing a fly 8–10 feet off the bank before turning back to their original position. A genuinely feeding fish commits. Once you recognize those spawner signals, the right move is to keep moving, because leaving them alone is the correct call during the spawn. With this spring's scrambled conditions making pre- and post-spawn fish harder than usual to pattern, being efficient about identifying and skipping spawners is especially important.What does extremely low, warm spring water mean for smallmouth spawn site selection?In low-water years, smallmouth spread their spawning activity across non-traditional structure — small mid-river rocks, exposed tailouts and spots that wouldn't hold nests at normal flows — because classic protected backwaters become stagnant and unsuitable. Understanding where fish are spawning matters less for targeting purposes and more for knowing where not to fish, and for recognizing the behavior cues that signal a spawner so you can move on efficiently. The upside of this low-water spawn, as Matt explains, is the potential for strong recruitment if dry conditions hold through June.What are the best fly fishing techniques for Southwest Virginia smallmouth in late spring and early summer under low, clear conditions?Matt anticipates top water bug presentations — poppers, damselfly and dragonfly imitations, terrestrials — dominating May through early July given the continued low and clear forecast. Streamer presentations remain viable, particularly for baitfish and crayfish patterns as water warms into the late May and June window, but the finesse of dead-drifting surface flies tight to the bank is a standout tactic for reaching post-spawn fish that are genuinely in a feeding mode. The challenge this season is that the scrambled spring has compressed the transition windows, so reading individual fish behavior — rather than relying on calendar-based seasonal cues — is the more reliable approach.What is the most important advice for someone looking to build a career as a fly fishing guide?Matt emphasizes three things above individual tactics: surround yourself with mentors who are better than you and have nothing to prove, be willing to work extremely hard and put in time on the water because print and video resources only go so far, and diversify your income streams across species, seasons and ancillary work like writing. He also stresses that sustainable guide businesses prioritize client experience and fishery health over daily revenue — those values pay off long-term even when they cost you in the short run.Why do low-water drought conditions during the spawn create an opportunity for long-term smallmouth recruitment?If spring stays dry through June, fish can complete the spawn without disruption from flooding or high flows, which can otherwise wash out nests and devastate year-class recruitment. Matt notes that this is a meaningful potential upside to what otherwise feels like a frustrating season — the same drought that hurt the striper run and compressed the musky window may produce a strong class of juvenile smallmouth if it holds.Related ContentS8, Ep 23 – Low Water Chronicles: Matt Reilly on Pre-Spawn Smallmouth Strategies and Seasonal ShiftsS8, Ep 16 – The Seasonal Shift: Matt Reilly Discusses Spring Fishing Strategies in Southwest VirginiaS8, Ep 2 – January Fishing Forecast: Weather Patterns and Musky Tips with Matt ReillyS6, Ep 71 – Adapting to Heat and Low Flows: A Southwest Virginia Fishing Report with Matt ReillyConnect with Our GuestFollow Matt on Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on...

Episode OverviewIn this Casting Angles segment of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash and Master Casting Instructor Mac Brown discuss how to adapt when an unusually warm, drought-driven spring upends normal seasonal fishing expectations across the mid-Atlantic and Southern Appalachians. It's a candid, practical conversation for anglers dealing with conditions that have scrambled hatches, compressed water temps and pushed trout into summerlike stress months early.Mac reports water temperatures in the mid-70s in Bryson City during mid-April — historically a July scenario — with corresponding low water on Western North Carolina freestone streams, including the Davidson River near Brevard where water temps were nudging the upper 60s. The practical takeaway from the conversation is concrete: when freestone streams become untenable, seek out tailwater fisheries with reliably cold, dam-regulated flows, and adjust fly selection dramatically — in this case dropping to size 28 Blue Wing Olives in April, a fly more commonly associated with winter midge-style fishing on the South Holston, after typical spring hatches like March Browns and Hendricksons failed to materialize. Mac and Marvin also encourage listeners to make a gear shift altogether when trout conditions are compromised, pivoting to panfish and bass on local ponds and lakes. The philosophical throughline is the classic fishing truism both hosts return to: you can only take what the river is willing to give you.Key TakeawaysHow to identify when warming freestone streams have become too stressful for trout and it's time to shift to tailwaters or alternative species.Why size 28 Blue Wing Olives can be the correct spring fly choice during drought years when conventional late-spring hatches like March Browns and Hendricksons fail to appear on schedule.When traditional spring trout fishing is compromised, how pivoting early to bass and panfish on local ponds offers a productive and accessible alternative.Why monitoring water temperature — not just visual stream conditions — is the most reliable guide to where trout will be feeding during abnormally warm spring weather.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode's most concrete tactical moment comes from Mac's report of fishing a size 28 Blue Wing Olive during a late-April outing — a winter-style presentation typically reserved for midge-focused tailwater days on rivers like the South Holston — after spotting a pod of actively feeding fish with no significant spring hatches in the air. No March Browns, no Hendricksons: just a tiny blue-winged olive and a size 28 pattern to match it. Beyond that single hatch-matching scenario, the tactical discussion centers on the broader decision-making framework of reading water temperature as a leading indicator, targeting the cold-water refuge of tailwaters when freestone streams become thermal and knowing when conditions call for switching species entirely rather than forcing trout fishing in compromised water.Locations & SpeciesThe conversation covers Western North Carolina freestone streams, including the Davidson River near Brevard and the waters around Bryson City, where mid-April temperatures had reached summerlike levels and flows were running at roughly a third to a half of seasonal norms across much of the mid-Atlantic. Mac points listeners toward tailwaters fed by large impoundments — specifically the fisheries below Fontana Dam, and waters like Cheoah and Calderwood — as cold-water refuges where trout will continue feeding more normally regardless of ambient air temperatures. Marvin references the South Holston and Watauga as additional tailwater options for Tennessee and Western NC anglers, with a caveat about reported turbine maintenance on the South Holston at the time of recording. Brown and rainbow trout are the primary targets throughout, with a passing acknowledgment that the abnormally warm March also disrupted pre-spawn smallmouth bass patterns in Virginia and the Carolinas.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow warm is too warm for spring trout fishing on freestone streams?Mac and Marvin both flag water temperatures in the upper 60s as the threshold where trout fishing on freestone streams becomes unproductive and stressful for fish. The Davidson River near Brevard hit those temperatures in mid-April during this unusual spring — a full two months earlier than the July conditions those readings would normally indicate.What fly should you use when spring hatches don't materialize on schedule?Mac's answer from this episode: revert to winter-game logic. When he found a pod of working fish in late April with no March Browns or Hendricksons in the air, a size 28 Blue Wing Olive — the same pattern he'd fish on a winter day on the South Holston — turned out to be the correct call.Why are tailwaters the best alternative when freestone streams get too warm?Dam-regulated tailwaters draw from cold reservoir depths, maintaining stable water temperatures even when air temperatures are unseasonably high. Mac specifically mentions the fisheries below Fontana Dam — Cheoah and Calderwood — as reliable cold-water options when surrounding freestone streams become too warm to fish effectively.What should trout anglers do when neither the water temperature nor the hatches are cooperating?Both Mac and Marvin recommend the species shift: get out early on the panfish and bass season. Ponds and lakes close to home offer productive topwater and popper fishing for bass and bluegill when trout streams are off the table, and the change of scenery often produces fish when the usual spring program simply isn't available.Related ContentS8, Ep 25 – The Science of Stealth: Mac Brown on Fishing Techniques for Low Flow ScenariosS8, Ep 21 – Casting into Spring: Mac Brown Discusses Wild Trout Fishing and Upcoming ClassesS7, Ep 28 – Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS6, Ep 145 – Navigating Winter Waters: Unconventional Strategies with Mac BrownConnect with Our GuestFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.

Episode OverviewThe Butcher Shop goes deep on one of the Great Lakes predator fly world's most distinctive patterns in this conversation with Eli Berant, the Michigan-based fly designer and founder of Great Lakes Fly. Eli is the creator of the Optimus Swine — a reverse foam head-embedded, side-kicking musky streamer that has been turning heads and producing fish since around 2009. In this episode, host Marvin Cash walks Eli through the full arc of the pattern: the lake musky problem it was designed to solve, the unconventional decision to reverse a foam popper head to create a slower fall and a pronounced glide-bait wiggle, the material choices that define the fly's profile and movement and the step-by-step construction logic from spinner bait hook to laser dub head.The conversation covers the full Swine family — the original 8–9 inch version on a 6/0 Mustad, the scaled-down Swine Junior for river smallmouth and stripers, the fettuccine-foam Pot Belly Swine for subsurface river applications, and the articulated Maximus Swine and Maximus Swine Junior, which remain something of a "secret menu" offering. Eli also addresses color selection by region — from olive-and-pink for fired-up Tennessee muskies to the Wisconsin-proven Willen's Villain black-white-yellow combo and his own favorite Mardi Gras pattern — and breaks down his preferred line and leader systems for lake musky versus river smallmouth applications. Throughout, the discussion grounds fly design theory in direct, tactical fishing application.Key TakeawaysHow reversing a foam popper head toward the rear of the hook creates a slower fall rate and induces the Optimus Swine's distinctive side-to-side glide-bait action.Why proportionality in bucktail application — specifically how much material per section and how many sections — is the most common failure point for tiers attempting the Swine for the first time.How to tune the Pot Belly Swine's fettuccine foam piece by removing individual strips to achieve neutral balance and proper swim orientation before fishing.Why a jerk-strip retrieve with a sinking line (350–450 grain tip) is the preferred delivery system for lake musky, allowing the sink tip to hold depth while the fly kicks side to side on each pull.When to dial back retrieve aggression and employ a stutter-strip or extended pause with the Swine Junior, particularly during cold-water conditions when bass are holding and waiting.Why sharing newly discovered synthetic fly tying materials openly — rather than hoarding them — is essential to keeping those materials in production and available to the broader tying community.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe Optimus Swine is designed around a jerk-strip retrieve that drives its foam-induced side-to-side action, and Eli breaks down exactly how to execute it — stripping two feet with the line hand in alternating pulls, roughly like ripping a bag open. For lake musky, he runs a 10-weight with a 350–450 grain sinking tip, paired with a short 3–4 foot leader from loop to fly — a butt section of 40-pound to wire, finished with cross-lock snaps for fast fly changes. River smallmouth and striper applications drop to a 7- or 8-weight with a 200–350 grain tip depending on conditions. Construction-specific details are substantial: Mustad 32608 spinner bait hook (6/0 for the original), Rainy's Mini Me medium foam popper head reversed and goop-set with silicone adhesive, synthetic yak hair blended with flash for the tail, grizzly saddle feathers as flanks, Magnum Flashabou, everyday bucktail applied in top-and-bottom sections, laser dub for the head, and 1/2-inch eyes pressed and held in a two-touch goop cure process. Anadromous Fly Company tungsten carbide scissors get a specific callout as Eli's go-to cutting tool for heavy production tying.Locations & SpeciesThe Optimus Swine was developed specifically for lake musky, with Lake Saint Clair in Michigan serving as the primary proving ground — a relatively snag-free fishery that allows anglers to fish sinking lines freely across the water column. The pattern's documented multi-species versatility extends to Great Lakes migratory species, pike, lake trout, stripers on the East Coast and river smallmouth, including Eli's personal use of the Swine Junior on Lake Saint Clair for targeting large smallmouth by eliminating the smaller fish. Color selection is explicitly regional in the episode: olive-and-pink for fired-up Tennessee fish, pink-and-chartreuse or the Willen's Villain black-white-yellow for Wisconsin tannic water, and Mardi Gras (pink, chartreuse, black head) as a broadly effective pattern.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow does the reversed foam popper head make the Optimus Swine swim differently than other musky flies?Positioning the foam head toward the rear of the hook — rather than at the front — reduces the fly's sink rate compared to a traditional epoxy-head pattern and shifts the center of buoyancy rearward. This causes the fly to kick side to side with a pronounced glide-bait cadence on a jerk-strip retrieve, rather than simply pushing water or diving. The effect is amplified when fishing a sinking tip, which holds the running line low and forces the rear of the fly to tip upward and roll on each strip.What are the most common mistakes tiers make when tying the Optimus Swine?Eli identifies two primary failure points: applying bucktail in clumps that are too large, which destroys proportionality, and using too much laser dub in the head, which throws the silhouette out of balance. The fix for bucktail is learning to feel the correct bundle size — roughly the width of a toothpick at the pinch, the width of a popsicle stick at the ends — and building five top-and-bottom sections before reaching the laser dub head on the original Swine. Managing the laser dub means stacking it, pulling off loose fibers and removing material rather than adding more.How do you tune the Pot Belly Swine to swim correctly for river applications?Because the Pot Belly Swine uses fettuccine foam strips in place of the reversed popper head, Eli ties in more foam strips than needed — six to eight — and tells buyers they may need to remove one to four strips to get the fly to balance and swim true. The goal is first to eliminate any spin or tilt, then to dial in the side-to-side action. This is the same principle as Barry Reynolds's flash philosophy applied to buoyancy: put in more than you need because you can always remove it, but you can't add it once the fly is finished.What line and leader setup does Eli prefer for lake musky with the Optimus Swine?For open lake musky fishing on snag-light water, Eli runs a 10-weight with a Scientific Anglers sinking tip in the 350–450 grain range, specifically preferring striper-style lines with a long 26–28 foot tip section. Leaders are intentionally short — 3–4 feet total from loop to fly — built with a 2-foot 40-pound butt section going straight to wire, then a cross-lock snap at the fly. The short leader keeps the fly in the sink tip's depth zone and maximizes the kicking action on the jerk-strip retrieve.How should retrieve style change when downsizing to the Swine Junior for smallmouth or stripers?Moving to the smaller patterns calls for a less aggressive retrieve cadence overall, but Eli emphasizes breaking out of monotonous repetition — consciously varying the retrieve is as important as the base technique. Key adjustments include a stutter-strip (half-length pulls done twice in quick succession) and extended pauses, which become particularly effective in cold water when bass are holding and watching the fly. The foam piece in all Swine variants allows the fly to hang suspended during a pause without sinking, which is the primary trigger for following fish.SponsorsThanks to TroutRoutes for sponsoring this episode. Use ARTFLY20 to get 20% off of your TroutRoutes Pro membership.Related ContentS1, Ep 2: The T-Bone: A Deep Dive with Blane Chocklett - The Butcher ShopBONUS: Shack Nasties and the Drunk & Disorderly: A Winter Chat with Tommy LynchBONUS: Crafting The Nut Job: A Deep Dive with Brendan RuchBONUS: A Deep Dive into the Swingin' D: Techniques and Tips with Mike SchultzS6, Ep 124: Fly Tying with Chase SmithConnect with Our GuestFollow Eli on Instagram.Follow the...

Episode OverviewThis fly fishing podcast episode launches the inaugural Pennsylvania Smallmouth Report on The Articulate Fly, featuring host Marvin Cash and Captain Brian Shumaker of Susquehanna River Guides. The episode arrives at a pivotal moment in the Pennsylvania smallmouth spawn cycle, with an unseasonably volatile spring — swings from the upper 50s to the 70s in water temperature within days — compressing what is normally a methodical, staggered spawn into a chaotic quest to pattern pre-spawn fish. On the Juniata and Susquehanna, Shumaker reports catching spawned-out females alongside buck males, signaling that the first wave has already completed, while subsequent waves are just arriving. The conversation covers responsible angler strategy during the spawn, where to focus presentations to avoid disturbing bedding fish and how low flows on the tributaries have pushed fishing pressure onto the main river. Shumaker also previews his summer guide calendar, highlighting July through September as prime topwater and streamer season, and teases a planned trip with Bob Clouser to target peacock bass in Florida.Key TakeawaysHow volatile spring water temperatures — from the upper 50s to the low 70s within days — compress the smallmouth spawn and make it more difficult to pattern pre-spawn fish on Pennsylvania riversWhy concentrating presentations on mid-river structure rather than bank edges is the most effective and responsible strategy when spawning activity is underwayHow to identify when you've stumbled into bedding fish — landing several fish in quick succession from the same bank zone is the signal to back offWhen swim flies, Deceivers and Half-and-Halfs, produce in mixed-bag pre-spawn and spawn-transition conditions on the Susquehanna systemWhy Pennsylvania tributary flows have been too shallow for float trips since mid-April, making main-stem Susquehanna and Juniata fishing the primary option this springWhen to plan a guided Pennsylvania smallmouth trip with Shumaker: July through September for topwater popping bug fishing, with streamer and crayfish options throughoutTechniques & Gear CoveredShumaker's current approach to the spawn-transition period centers on streamer-style patterns — swim flies, Deceivers and Half-and-Halfs — chosen for their ability to produce across a wide range of water temperatures and fish behavior stages. The mixed-bag nature of the conditions (cold-water days followed immediately by warm-water days) makes pattern commitment difficult, and Shumaker acknowledges the fish have been hard to lock into a single presentation. For summer bookings, he highlights popping bugs and topwater flies as the primary draw from July through September, with streamers and crayfish patterns rounding out the arsenal.Locations & SpeciesThe primary fishery covered is the Susquehanna River and Juniata River system in central Pennsylvania, with additional context on the region's smaller tributaries, which have been unfishable by raft since approximately mid-April due to low water. The target species is smallmouth bass, with Shumaker noting a split population dynamic: first-wave fish (spawned-out females and smaller buck males) already post-spawn, and subsequent waves still staging or actively on beds. Water temperatures have swung dramatically this spring — from the upper 50s approaching 60°F to the low 70s within a single week — creating an unusually compressed and difficult-to-pattern spawn window across the Susquehanna drainage.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do you tell if you're fishing over spawning smallmouth on beds rather than pre-spawn fish?Shumaker's rule of thumb is location and catch rate: pre-spawn fish are still staging out in the current and mid-river structure, while fish on beds are in the shallower water along the banks and edges. If you're casting toward the bank and catching multiple fish in quick succession from the same area, you're almost certainly into bedding fish — the responsible move is to back off immediately.What fly patterns are working for pre-spawn and spawn-transition smallmouth on the Susquehanna system?Shumaker has been rotating through swim flies, Deceivers and Half-and-Halfs during the transition period. He notes the fish have been difficult to pattern because water temperatures have swung significantly day to day, so he's fishing a mixed approach rather than committing to a single presentation.Why are Pennsylvania smallmouth tributaries unfishable this spring?Low water has been the dominant story on the tributaries since roughly the second week of April. Despite brief bumps from rain events, levels drop back almost immediately. Shumaker notes that floating his raft requires getting out and dragging the boat 10 to 15 times per trip — making the main-stem Susquehanna and Juniata the practical choice for guided float fishing.When is the best time to book a guided Pennsylvania smallmouth trip with Captain Shumaker?Shumaker has openings in July, August and September, with a few days remaining in October. He identifies July through September as prime time for topwater popping bug fishing — in addition to streamers and crayfish patterns — while October offers cooler conditions for anglers who prefer that style of fishing.How has this spring's weather affected the Pennsylvania smallmouth spawn?An extended stretch of unseasonably warm temperatures — including 90-degree air temps — spiked water temperatures into the 70s accelerating the typical methodical, staged spawn and making consistent patterning of pre-spawn fish very difficult.Related ContentS8, Ep 23 – Low Water Chronicles: Matt Reilly on Pre-Spawn Smallmouth Strategies and Seasonal ShiftsS7, Ep 33 – Nut Jobs and Chimichangas: A PA Smallmouth Update with Brendan RuchS7, Ep 36 – Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS1, Ep 97 – All Things Smallmouth with Mike SchultzConnect with Our GuestFollow Brian on Facebook and Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? 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Episode OverviewThis fly fishing podcast field report features George Costa of TCO Fly Shop in State College, Pennsylvania, delivering the latest Central PA fishing conditions as spring hatches hit full stride. Recorded in mid-to-late April, the report captures a dynamic moment in the season — warm temperatures pushing hatches early, water levels running slightly below seasonal norms and sulphurs poised to come online within a week to ten days. George covers active hatches across Spring Creek, Penns Creek and Fishing Creek, including grannom caddis, Hendricksons, blue quills and olives. Nymphing has been the consistent producer, while afternoon dry fly windows have been excellent when hatches align. Water conditions are described as fishable and near-seasonal, with a weekend cooldown and potential precipitation on the way. George also touches on shop news, including two upcoming summer fishing tournaments — the All Fins In Tournament in June and the Bass Thumb Tournament targeting smallmouth on the Juniata and Susquehanna — along with guide and introductory class availability heading into the peak spring season.Key TakeawaysHow to time your dry fly fishing in Central PA right now — late morning through early afternoon has been the most productive window for dry fly actionWhy grannom caddis remain fishable on Penns Creek and Fishing Creek while beginning to slow on Spring CreekWhen to expect sulphurs — George projects the hatch will begin within the next one to two weeks based on last year's timingHow nymphing continues to be the reliable fallback when hatch activity is uneven or evening dries slow downWhy water levels, while slightly below seasonal norms, remain in fishable shape and could benefit from the weekend precipitation forecastTechniques & Gear CoveredThe report emphasizes two primary approaches: opportunistic dry fly fishing during the afternoon hatch window and nymphing as the consistent baseline producer across all major Central PA limestone streams. George notes that multiple hatches are overlapping — grannom caddis, Hendricksons, blue quills and olives — which rewards anglers who can read the hatch and match accordingly. No specific fly patterns, rigs or gear brands are called out by name in this report, keeping the advice hatch- and timing-focused rather than gear-prescriptive.Locations & SpeciesCentral Pennsylvania's limestone spring creeks are the focus of this report, with Spring Creek, Penns Creek and Fishing Creek named explicitly as primary destinations. The Juniata River and Susquehanna River receive a brief mention in the context of the summer Bass Thumb Tournament, pointing toward smallmouth bass as a warm-weather target species in the region. Wild trout on classic limestone spring creeks are the primary focus for the current spring season, with conditions described as slightly low but fishing well. A projected cooldown and potential precipitation over the upcoming weekend could modestly improve flows and extend the spring hatch window before summer conditions set in.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow are the spring hatches fishing in Central PA right now?Multiple hatches are active and fishing well across the region's major limestone streams. Grannom caddis are still going strong on Penns Creek, Fishing Creek and other waters, while Hendricksons, blue quills and olives are also present. The most productive window has been late morning through early afternoon, with evening dries running slower than peak.When will the sulphur hatch start on Central PA limestone streams?George Costa projects sulphurs will begin within the next week to ten days based on last year's timing, making this a critical transition moment for anglers planning spring trips to Penns Creek and the surrounding fisheries.What is the best technique when hatches aren't fully on?Nymphing has been consistently producing across all major Central PA streams regardless of hatch activity. When the dry fly window is slow — particularly in the evenings — nymphing with standard spring patterns has been the reliable fallback.What are current water conditions like on Central PA streams?Water levels are described as slightly below seasonal norms but still very fishable. A weekend cooldown and possible precipitation may help nudge flows back toward ideal, without posing any significant blowout risk.Related ContentS8, Ep 4: Chilly Waters and Crafty Flies: A New Year Fishing Report with George CostaS7, Ep 36: Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS7, Ep 57: Cicada Mania: Central PA Fishing Insights with George CostaS6, Ep 48: Rain or Shine: Central PA's Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 118: Central PA Fall Fishing Report: George Costa's Tips and TacticsConnect with Our GuestFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? 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Episode OverviewIn this Casting Angles episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash and Master Casting Instructor Mac Brown of Mac Brown Fly Fish tackle the science behind low-water trout presentation — the kind of technical adjustment that separates consistent anglers from frustrated ones. With drought conditions pushing Western North Carolina rivers to July-like flows in early April, Marvin and Mac deliver a timely primer on two interconnected concepts: Snell's window (the physics governing what trout can see through the water's surface) and the Rule of Six (a practical formula for calculating your safe approach distance). The conversation covers how to apply the 2.25x depth multiplier to size a trout's window of vision and then use that measurement to determine the minimum casting distance before the fish has already seen you. Mac also breaks down the grid-the-water approach — systematically working small quadrants across the entire stream rather than repeatedly targeting the most obvious foam line — and explains why the biggest, most visible foam lines are often holding the smallest fish. Marvin adds presentation mechanics to round out the discussion: reach-cast technique to keep fly line out of the target current, dry dropper rigging with terrestrials for flat-water conditions, weighted dropper management and the rationale for casting well upstream of a target fish to give an unweighted nymph time to sink into the zone. Mac closes with an observation on declining spring hatches in the Smokies — midges and micro caddis dominating where March Browns and Hendricksons once defined the season.Key TakeawaysHow to calculate a trout's window of vision using the 2.25x depth multiplier so you can size your approach distance before spooking fish in low, clear water.Why the Rule of Six (your height in the water in feet × 6 = minimum safe casting distance) becomes critical when summer-like flows arrive weeks ahead of schedule.How gridding the water in small quadrants based on fish depth forces you to cover the entire stream rather than over-fishing the obvious foam line.Why the largest foam lines in a run often hold the most small fish, and how to identify the compact, exclusive feeding lanes where big trout hold alone.When to use a reach cast to place your fly line in slower adjacent current, eliminating drag and keeping line off the heads of fish you're targeting.How casting well upstream with an unweighted or lightly weighted dropper gives the fly time to sink into the strike zone without a splash-down that spooks fish in flat, pressured water.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on low-water presentation fundamentals: precise approach distances derived from Snell's window and the Rule of Six, systematic grid-casting across a run rather than casting to single obvious targets and the reach cast as a drag-reduction tool when fly line and target current are aligned. For rigs, Marvin and Mac discuss the dry dropper setup as the preferred configuration for flat, low-flow water — specifically terrestrials (beetles, ants, crickets, grasshoppers) as the dry fly indicator — paired with unweighted or lightly weighted dropper nymphs. Mac mentions that his guide trips have been running unweighted Pheasant Tails in sizes 16–18 given the near-absence of larger spring hatches, with size 20–32 midges and size 18 micro caddis making up the bulk of what's on the water. The conversation also touches on angler visibility and stealth — muted or camouflage clothing, avoiding bright colors, keeping the casting stroke in the horizontal plane rather than the vertical — as underappreciated factors that compound with technical presentation mechanics in clear, low conditions.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do you calculate how close you can approach a trout in low, clear water?Multiply the fish's depth in feet by 2.25 to get the diameter of its surface window, then multiply your own height in the water in feet by six to determine your minimum safe approach distance from the edge of the trout's surface window. In smooth, slow water that figure generally sits between 30–40 feet; anything closer in clear conditions and the fish has likely already spotted you and is preparing to bolt.Why does gridding the water produce more fish than casting to the best-looking foam line?In shallow freestone water where fish are feeding in the kitchen — riffles six inches to a foot deep — the window of vision is tiny, so each quadrant of the run needs tighter two-foot spacing. The big, four-foot foam line usually holds a crowd of smaller fish competing for the same food; larger fish stake out smaller, exclusive feeding lanes where there's enough food for one fish and they can defend it. Systematically working the whole grid with a back-to-front, close-to-far progression exposes those secondary lies that most anglers skip.When should you use a reach cast instead of a direct upstream presentation?Use a reach cast any time your target current and the adjacent current containing your fly line are running at different speeds. Dropping the rod tip to one side after completing the cast positions the fly line in the slower adjacent current, preventing it from dragging the dry fly unnaturally and keeping it out of the surface window of the fish you are trying to catch.How do you manage a weighted dropper nymph to avoid spooking fish in flat water?Cast well upstream of the target fish rather than directly at it, using enough distance that a lightly weighted or unweighted fly has time to sink to the strike zone before it reaches the fish. Reducing weight is Mac's preferred solution on currently low Western NC water, which is why unweighted Pheasant Tails in sizes 16–18 are the primary dropper choice on his guide trips right now.What are the realistic hatch expectations for Western North Carolina this spring?Mac reports that the classic March Brown and Hendrickson hatches that defined Western NC spring fishing for decades are largely absent this year. He notes this decline has been a long-term trend, cautioning anglers against planning trips around guaranteed hatch windows that no longer reliably materialize.Related ContentS8, Ep 21: Casting into Spring: Mac Brown Discusses Wild Trout Fishing and Upcoming ClassesS7, Ep 28: Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS7, Ep 60: Mastering the Drift: Technical Trout Tactics for Summer Success with Mac BrownS8, Ep 18: The Learning Curve: Mac Brown on Effective Teaching MethodsHow a Trout Sees: The Rule of Six & Proven Tactics for Stalking TroutHow Trout See Underwater: Snell's Law & Angler TipsLast Bite at the Apple: Trout Vision and ColorConnect with Our GuestFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting...

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash sits down with Aaron Chine, guide at Steelhead Alley Outfitters and accomplished visual artist based in Warren, Ohio, for a wide-ranging conversation about the intersection of fishing, guiding and fine art. Aaron came to fly fishing through Pennsylvania trout streams in his early teens and eventually found his way to Steelhead Alley through a mentorship network that includes Jeff Blood and Nate Miller, two of the fishery's most respected veterans. He joined Steelhead Alley Outfitters when Justin Schachilli and Patrick Robinson took over from Greg Senyo and has been guiding there ever since. The episode covers the full arc of Aaron's guiding career on Steelhead Alley, his philosophy on what makes a great guide and the seasonal rhythm of the Lake Erie tributary steelhead fishery from fall through early spring. On the art side, Aaron discusses his work in oil painting and murals — including a landmark 130-foot mural on the Scientific Anglers building in Midland, Michigan — his tattooing career at The Box Gallery and his perspective on the story and soul that human-made art carries in an age of AI-generated imagery. Upcoming Orvis collaborations round out the conversation.Key TakeawaysWhy finding migratory steelhead requires covering water aggressively rather than returning to yesterday's productive spotsHow the guide season on Steelhead Alley runs from fall through early spring, with November and March as peak periodsWhy showing clients a good time on the water — not just maximizing fish counts — defines long-term success as a guideHow using a grid method at large scale allows muralists to maintain proportion across massive public installationsWhy the story behind human-made art creates value and staying power that AI-generated imagery cannot replicateHow fishing and fine art intersect as sustainable parallel careers when neither alone provides full financial stabilityTechniques & Gear CoveredThis episode is more biographical than tactical, so the fishing content skews toward guiding philosophy and fishery structure rather than specific techniques or rigs. Aaron explains that steelhead on Steelhead Alley are migratory fish that move constantly, which means guides must put in the legwork to locate fish rather than relying on prior knowledge of productive lies — a discipline he credits largely to early mentors Jeff Blood and Nate Miller. He notes that tougher, more spread-out seasons demand even more aggressive water-covering to stay on fish. On the art side, Aaron discusses his medium in detail: he works primarily in oil on canvas, uses a grid-based scaling method for large murals and approaches large-scale work one block at a time to maintain proportion — the same technique taught in middle school art class, simply executed at 2-foot-by-2-foot scale. Scientific Anglers' signature red paint featured heavily in the SA building mural, which consumed 24 gallons of paint over seven days.Locations & SpeciesSteelhead Alley is the fishery at the center of this episode — specifically the Lake Erie tributaries along the Ohio-Pennsylvania-New York border, including Conneaut Creek and Cattaraugus Creek (the latter referenced in passing as Marvin's own experience fishing it with Jeff Blood). Steelhead are the primary target throughout the fall and spring seasons, with the fishery operating from roughly September or October through freeze-up in winter, and again through mid-April in spring. Aaron notes that conditions this season and last fall have featured more spread-out fish than peak years, reinforcing the fishery's migratory and weather-dependent nature. For summer fun fishing once the guiding season wraps, Aaron looks forward to smallmouth, pike and musky from a raft — a deliberately lower-pressure complement to the intensity of steelhead season.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow does the guide season on Steelhead Alley typically run?Aaron describes a two-peak season: fall, running from September or October through early December or freeze-up, with November as the prime window; and spring, with March as the busiest month and trips running through mid-April. January and February fishing is weather-dependent — this year, freeze-up shut it down entirely. Guides work essentially every day during peak periods.What's the key to being a successful steelhead guide?Aaron's answer centers on showing clients a good time rather than chasing maximum fish counts. He acknowledges that guides naturally want to put big numbers in the net, but argues that good clients primarily want to experience the fishery, learn to cast and run better drifts and enjoy time on the water — particularly in seasons when fish are spread out and harder to locate.Why does finding steelhead require so much mobile, aggressive water coverage?Because steelhead are migratory fish that move constantly, productive lies from one day can be completely empty the next. Aaron emphasizes putting miles on the boots and staying mobile, especially in lower-fish-density seasons. This is a foundational piece of Steelhead Alley guiding culture, reinforced by mentors like Jeff Blood and Nate Miller.How did Aaron approach painting the massive Scientific Anglers mural in Midland, Michigan?Aaron divided the 130-foot wall into 2-foot-by-2-foot grid squares and treated each block as its own self-contained piece, maintaining proportion across the full installation. He worked from sun-up to sundown for seven straight days to complete it before the 80th anniversary party. The project used 24 gallons of paint, including eight gallons of Scientific Anglers red for the background alone.How does Aaron think about the threat AI poses to visual artists working in the fishing and outdoor space?Aaron acknowledges that AI can produce visually competent imagery quickly and without paying an artist, but argues that it lacks the story and soul behind human-made work. He believes audiences — and fellow artists especially — can spot AI imagery immediately, and that the personal narrative connecting an artist to their work is ultimately what creates lasting value and authentic connection with buyers and fans.Related ContentS7, Ep 18 – License to Fish: The Intersection of Art and Angling with Cody Richardson of Cody's FishS3, Ep 145 – All Things Steelhead Alley with Jeff Blood (Part I)S3, Ep 153 – All Things Steelhead Alley with Jeff Blood (Part II)S6, Ep 97 – Fly Fishing Wisdom and Industry Pet Peeves with Greg SenyoConnect with Our GuestFollow Aaron on Instagram.Follow The Box Gallery on Instagram.Follow Steelhead Alley Outfitters on Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck,...

Episode OverviewIn this Southwest Virginia Fishing Report on The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash checks in with guide Matt Reilly for a timely spring conditions update. With pre-spawn smallmouth season winding down under extreme drought pressure — flows running at roughly a fifth to a quarter of seasonal averages — Matt breaks down how he's adapting tactics on the water in real time. Rising water temperatures, driven by a stretch of days pushing into the upper 70s and near 80°F air temps, have forced the bite to shift well ahead of the typical photoperiod-driven spawn timeline. The result is a low, clear-water pattern that demands the kind of finesse approach more commonly associated with late summer than early spring. Matt details his pivot to smaller, slimmer, more natural-colored baitfish imitations — CK Baitfish, his buddy Roger's Rump Shaker and bigger Murdich Minnows — after watching the bite transition linearly away from the large 6–7 inch chartreuse-and-orange profiles that were working earlier. He also walks through his line and leader setup adjustments for clear, pressured conditions: a clear-tip intermediate seven-weight line with a leader running closer to seven feet. With the pre-spawn window for Matt closing around mid-April, this episode is essential listening for anglers planning pre-spawn smallmouth trips or trying to understand how low water conditions affect the spring streamer bite.Key TakeawaysHow to recognize when rising water temperatures are pulling smallmouth bass out of the pre-spawn window prematurely and why adapting quickly matters.Why downsizing to smaller, slimmer, more natural-colored baitfish streamers outperforms big profile flies when Southwest Virginia rivers run low and clear.How a clear-tip intermediate line paired with a longer (approximately seven-foot) leader helps generate strikes from wary pre-spawn smallmouth in bright, low-water conditions.When to prioritize early and late windows during high-sun days on low, clear smallmouth rivers, mirroring the approach used for pressured trout.Why water temperature is the leading indicator for pre-spawn smallmouth behavior, and how flows far below seasonal averages can affect the entire spring bite calendar.Techniques & Gear CoveredMatt Reilly's approach to low, clear pre-spawn conditions centers on intermediate-line streamer fishing with a deliberate reduction in fly size and profile. He described fishing a seven-weight rod with a clear-tip intermediate line paired with a leader he's extended to roughly seven feet to add distance between the line tip and the fly. On the pattern side, Matt has landed on smaller baitfish imitations in the 4-inch range: the CK Baitfish, the Rump Shaker (a slimmer profile pattern from his friend Roger) and bigger Murdich Minnows are his current go-tos. He's deliberately stepped away from the larger 6–7 inch profiles in brighter chartreuse and orange that were effective earlier in the pre-spawn, confirming through daily observation that going bigger at this stage does more harm than good. Color selection has shifted toward more natural, subtle tones, with early-morning and late-evening windows providing the best action on sunny days — a strategy that mirrors pressured trout streamer fishing logic.Locations & SpeciesThis report covers Southwest Virginia's smallmouth rivers during the late pre-spawn period, with Matt fishing these waters daily as a full-time guide. No specific river names are discussed in this episode, but the conditions Matt describes — flows at roughly a fifth to a quarter of seasonal average, water temperatures sliding into the upper 50s and threatening to breach 60°F ahead of the photoperiod-driven spawn — apply broadly across the region's smallmouth fisheries. The target species is pre-spawn smallmouth bass, with Matt noting that the fish are still actively feeding on baitfish imitations despite compressed and technically demanding conditions. The seasonal context is critical: the window is narrowing fast, with Matt expecting the prime pre-spawn bite to close soon, and booking availability for this phase of the year is essentially gone.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do you adjust your streamer setup when Southwest Virginia smallmouth rivers run low and clear?Matt drops to a seven-weight rod with a clear-tip intermediate line and extends his leader to approximately seven feet. The clear tip reduces line visibility, and the longer leader creates more separation between fly line and fly, both of which help generate strikes from wary fish in bright, pressured conditions.What fly patterns and sizes work best for pre-spawn smallmouth in low, clear water?Matt has shifted to smaller baitfish imitations in the 4-inch range — the CK Baitfish, the Rump Shaker and bigger Murdich Minnows — in more natural, subtle colors. He's moved away from the larger 6–7 inch chartreuse and orange profiles that worked earlier in the season, noting through daily observation that oversized flies are counterproductive once conditions tighten up.How does water temperature affect pre-spawn smallmouth behavior in Southwest Virginia?Water temperature is the primary driver. When temps push into the upper 50s and approach 60°F well ahead of the photoperiod that normally triggers spawning behavior, it disrupts the typical pre-spawn feeding pattern. A stretch of near-80°F air temps compresses the entire spring calendar, potentially ending the traditional pre-spawn bite earlier than normal.When is the best time to fish for smallmouth in low, clear conditions?Early morning and late evening are the most productive windows on sunny, bright days when rivers are running low and clear. Matt draws a direct parallel to trout streamer fishing, where high-sun midday conditions tend to shut down aggressive behavior on clear water.What does extremely low flow — well below seasonal average — mean for pre-spawn smallmouth strategy?Low flows force fish into tighter, more predictable holding water and demand a more cautious approach overall: smaller flies, more natural colors, quieter presentations and longer casts. Matt notes that fish are still catchable, but the angler has to commit to finesse tactics rather than the aggressive power-fishing approach that works when rivers are full and colored.Related ContentS8, Ep 16 - The Seasonal Shift: Matt Reilly Discusses Spring Fishing Strategies in Southwest VirginiaS8, Ep 9 - Ice, Snow and Musky: Navigating Winter Fishing in Southwest VirginiaS7, Ep 19 - Weathering the Winds: March Fishing Insights and Pre-Spawn Strategies with Matt ReillyS7, Ep 1 - Winter Fly Tying and Pre-Spawn Tips with Matt ReillyS6, Ep 33 - Southwest Virginia Fishing Report with Matt ReillyConnect with Our GuestFollow Matt on Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? 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Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash reconnects with Blane Chocklett — tier, guide and founder of The Chocklett Factory — for a wide-ranging conversation covering conservation, product launches and what's ahead for one of fly fishing's most recognized innovators. Blane offers a firsthand recap of Tie Fest, the ASGA-backed conservation fundraiser held at Carter Andrews' property, where proceeds are funding a five-year jack crevalle acoustic tagging research program. He reflects on the community of guides, brands and fly fishing legends who showed up in honor of figures like Lefty Kreh, Bob Popovics and Flip Pallot, and confirms the event will return in 2027.The conversation then pivots to one of the most eagerly anticipated product releases from The Chocklett Factory: the commercially tied Feather Changer. Blane walks through the design history of this Game Changer platform variant — including the pivotal conversation with Bob Popovics that sparked the fly's development — and explains why natural feathers give the Feather Changer a swimming action and water column behavior that synthetic materials can't replicate. He also previews cicada patterns timed to summer emergences, along with new shrimp patterns rounding out the 2026 lineup. Blane closes with a look at his upcoming travel calendar, including a smallmouth bass filming project for Fly Fisherman magazine in Pennsylvania, a conservation visit with On the Fly Outfitters in Brunswick, Georgia and planned trips to Baja and northern Saskatchewan for northern pike.Key TakeawaysWhy the Feather Changer occupies a unique position in the Game Changer platform by blending natural and synthetic materials to achieve a swimming action and water column depth that neither approach achieves on its ownHow a bathtub test and a conversation with Bob Popovics directly led to the development of the Feather Changer as a solution to buoyancy problems with deer body hair Game ChangersWhy the Feather Changer's profile versatility — mullet, sculpin, dace and beyond — makes it one of the most species-adaptable flies in the Game Changer lineupHow The Chocklett Factory's 2026 product rollout (Feather Changers, cicadas, shrimp patterns) is timed around spring and summer fishing and cicada emergences across the countryWhy smallmouth bass deserve their place as a premier fly rod species and how decades of guiding them directly shaped many of the flies now central to the Game Changer platformWhy ASGA's jack crevalle acoustic tagging research program represents the kind of targeted, funded conservation work the fly fishing community is uniquely positioned to supportTechniques & Gear CoveredThe episode is primarily a product and conservation update rather than a technique-focused installment, but Blane provides substantive insight into the design logic behind the Feather Changer. He explains how natural feathers interact with laminar flow differently than synthetic materials — diverting water in a way that creates exceptional movement without bulk and allows the fly to settle into the water column at depths that buoyant materials like deer body hair cannot reach. The Feather Changer is discussed in the context of pre-spawn smallmouth bass fishing in Pennsylvania rivers, where its realistic swimming profile and soft landing characteristics are particularly relevant. Blane also previews cicada patterns designed for surface fishing during both annual and periodic hatches, and shrimp patterns aimed at the saltwater and flats side of his expanding lineup. Brand mentions include Yeti, Patagonia, Costa, Scientific Anglers, TFO and Nautilus in the conservation context, and Schultz Outfitters is cited as an example of a shop that has built extensively on the Feather Changer platform for Midwest smallmouth.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat makes the Feather Changer different from other Game Changer platform flies?The Feather Changer uses natural feathers instead of synthetics to exploit laminar flow around the fly's body, producing an exceptional swimming action that includes movement without movement. Unlike more buoyant Game Changers, feathers allow the fly to settle deeper in the water column without added weight, solving the buoyancy problem that came with earlier deer body hair variants. The result is a fly that holds a realistic silhouette, lands softly and triggers strikes across a wide range of species.How did the Feather Changer come to exist?Blane traced the fly's origin to a conversation with Bob Popovics after a trip to Arkansas where deer body hair Game Changers were proving too buoyant. Popovics suggested natural feathers as a solution — mentioning the Semper Fli — and Blane tied the fly immediately, tested it in a bathtub, filmed the result and sent the video back to Popovics. From that exchange, the Feather Changer was born, blending the tradition of natural feather flies with the modern articulated Game Changer platform.What new Chocklett Factory products are coming in 2026?The headline release is the commercially tied Feather Changer, now available through The Chocklett Factory's online shop and dealer network after sourcing and quality challenges were resolved. Cicada patterns timed to summer annual and periodic emergences are also in the pipeline, alongside shrimp patterns for saltwater applications. Blane describes 2026 as a major year for the brand across all product categories.What is Tie Fest and what conservation cause does it support?Tie Fest is an annual saltwater fly fishing and conservation fundraiser organized through ASGA (American Saltwater Guides Association) and hosted at Carter Andrews' property. The event gathers guides, brands, tiers and industry figures to raise money for targeted research initiatives — in this cycle, a five-year jack crevalle acoustic tagging program in which individual tags cost $500 each. The event honors the legacies of Lefty Kreh, Bob Popovics, Flip Pallot and others, and is supported by brands including Yeti, Patagonia, Costa, Scientific Anglers, TFO and Nautilus.Why does Blane consider smallmouth bass one of the most important species in fly fishing?Blane argues that smallmouth bass were formative for many of fly fishing's greatest innovators — Lefty Kreh, Dave Whitlock, Bob Clouser — and that more than 30 years of guiding them on mid-Atlantic rivers directly produced many of the Game Changer platform's foundational designs, including the Craw, the Feather Changer and the Jerk Changer. He sees the upcoming Fly Fisherman magazine film project as an overdue recognition of smallmouth's place as one of the premier fly rod species, particularly for anglers throughout the mid-Atlantic, Northeast and Midwest.Related ContentS7, Ep 73 - The Chocklett Factory: Sneak Peek at New ProductsS7, Ep 61 - The Chocklett Factory Unleashed: New Flies and Other Goodies with Blane ChocklettS6, Ep 144 - The Chocklett Factory: Conservation, New Products and a Legacy RememberedS6, Ep 101 - The Chocklett Factory: Fly Fishing Travels, Conservation and New VenturesS7, Ep 42 - Celebrating Legacy and Conservation with The Chocklett FactoryConnect with Our GuestFollow Blane on Facebook and Instagram.Follow The Chocklett Factory on Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and

Episode OverviewIn this Casting Angles episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash and Mac Brown of Mac Brown Fly Fish cover the spring fishing picture in western North Carolina just ahead of the Easter and spring break rush. The conversation is a candid, practical guide for anglers planning a trip to the region — with an honest assessment of current stocking conditions on delayed harvest water and a strong case for pursuing wild trout in the backcountry instead.Mac and Marvin address a notable stocking reduction on western North Carolina's delayed harvest (DH) water, with Mac reporting no stocking through March and a planned 60% reduction going forward — a ground-level reality check against the rosier picture often circulating on social media. The Nantahala River, which holds a large year-round fish population and most of the state's trout records, is identified as a productive alternative once hatchery-supported waters open in early April. For anglers willing to go further afield, the wild streams of Great Smoky Mountains National Park are described as fishing in peak spring form, with little black caddis hatches actively occurring, Quill Gordons already coming off, and Hendricksons and March Browns on the near horizon. Mac and Marvin both advocate for dry-dropper rigs — specifically an elk hair caddis or Stimulator as the dry with a soft hackle pheasant tail as the dropper — as the most effective and versatile approach for this time of year, targeting fish feeding actively in the surface film and mid-column rather than on the bottom.Mac also updates listeners on his guide school schedule, including an Advanced Line Control casting school on April 11–12.Key TakeawaysWhy wild trout streams in western North Carolina and Great Smoky Mountains National Park offer better spring fishing than stocked delayed harvest water during the spring break periodHow a dry-dropper rig — elk hair caddis or Stimulator over a soft hackle pheasant tail — covers both the surface film and mid-column where spring trout are actively feedingWhy fishing the "tabletop" (surface) rather than dredging the bottom is the more productive approach on western NC wild streams this time of yearWhen to expect the spring hatch progression in western North Carolina: little black caddis now, followed by Hendricksons and March Browns, with terrestrials taking over by early summerHow to interpret hatchery-supported water signage and adjust fly selection — toward attractor and "junk food" patterns — when fishing freshly stocked Nantahala water after it opens in early AprilTechniques & Gear CoveredThe primary technique emphasis is dry-dropper fishing for wild trout on freestone mountain streams, with both Mac and Marvin endorsing it as the most versatile approach for early spring in western North Carolina. Mac frames the key tactical principle as targeting the "tabletop" — the surface film — rather than bottom-dredging, which he identifies as a common mistake that costs anglers hours of productive fishing. Specific patterns discussed include the elk hair caddis and Stimulator as the dry fly component, and a soft hackle pheasant tail as the dropper, with Marvin noting he particularly enjoys fishing soft hackles in the mid-column on the swing or drift. For hatchery-supported water on the Nantahala after it opens, both hosts note that recently stocked fish respond best to attractor and "junk food" patterns — worms, eggs and high-visibility flies — consistent with the behavior of fish transitioning out of a hatchery environment.Locations & SpeciesThe episode focuses on the western North Carolina trout fishing corridor centered on Bryson City and the surrounding national park backcountry, with Great Smoky Mountains National Park wild trout streams serving as the primary destination recommendation for visiting anglers. The Nantahala River is highlighted as the region's premier hatchery-supported fishery — holding fish year-round and producing most of the state's trout records — with its hatchery-supported sections opening in early April after the March closure period. Wild trout in GSMNP backcountry streams are the target species throughout, with fish actively looking up and responding to dry flies under spring conditions.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhy should I fish wild trout streams instead of delayed harvest water during spring break in western North Carolina?Mac Brown reports that DH water on the delayed harvest sections received no stocking through March and faces a 60% reduction in planned stocking going forward — meaning heavily fished DH beats likely hold only fish stocked the previous October. Wild trout streams in the Park, by contrast, are in excellent spring condition with active hatches and fish looking up, making them a far more productive and rewarding destination for the spring break window.How should I fish the Nantahala hatchery-supported water when it opens in early April?The Nantahala hatchery-supported sections open in early April after a March closure period. Freshly stocked fish behave like aquarium fish — unselective and responsive to attractor patterns, worms, eggs and high-visibility "junk food" flies rather than technical presentations. Marvin compares it directly to fishing freshly stocked delayed harvest water, so adjust expectations and fly selection accordingly.What dry-dropper setup works best for spring wild trout fishing in western North Carolina?Both Mac and Marvin recommend an elk hair caddis or Stimulator as the dry with a soft hackle pheasant tail as the dropper — a versatile rig that covers surface and mid-column feeding simultaneously. Marvin notes the soft hackle pheasant tail is particularly effective fished in the mid-column, where it can swing or drift naturally on the dropper.What hatches should I expect on western North Carolina trout streams in early spring?Little black caddis are hatching heavily right now and should continue for several more weeks. Quill Gordons have already been observed, with Hendricksons and March Browns coming next. The hatch season progresses quickly — by early summer, terrestrials largely replace mayfly and caddis hatches as the primary dry fly opportunity.When is the best time of day and under what conditions should I focus on dry fly fishing this time of year?Mac reports that overcast conditions are ideal for dry fly fishing on GSMNP wild trout streams in early spring, with fish actively looking up throughout the day under cloud cover. He notes that during a recent pre-school scouting session in the backcountry, dry flies alone were sufficient — fish showed no need for sub-surface presentation.Related ContentS7, Ep 28 – Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS6, Ep 36 – Mac Brown's Spring Hatch Hacks and Windy Day TacticsS6, Ep 39 – Mac Brown's High Country Hideaways and Warm Water WisdomS7, Ep 85 – Navigating Delayed Harvest: Mac Brown's Insights on Fall Fishing TacticsS8, Ep 18 – The Learning Curve: Mac Brown on Effective Teaching MethodsConnect with Our GuestFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash sits down with Mark Melnyk, producer and owner of The New Fly Fisher, one of North America's most recognized fly fishing television series. If you've ever wondered what it actually takes to build and sustain a fly fishing media brand over 25 years — through network layoffs, a global pandemic and a rapidly shifting media landscape — this conversation delivers rare, unfiltered access to the people and decisions that shape the content anglers watch and learn from. Mark traces his serendipitous path from sports broadcasting at TSN and Animal Planet to hosting and eventually owning The New Fly Fisher, sharing the pivot moments, mentors and near-misses that defined his career. The conversation covers the show's core philosophy of education and conservation, the lean two-person production model that drives 26 episodes per year, and Mark's vision for expanding

Episode OverviewThis fly fishing podcast episode delivers a timely early spring conditions update from Central Pennsylvania, featuring George Costa, Shop Manager at TCO Fly Shop in State College. George reports on improving but variable conditions across the region's premier trout waters — Spring Creek, Penns Creek, Fishing Creek and the Juniata — as the season teeters between winter's last grip and the first genuine hatch activity of the year. Water levels are running near average for the time of year, on the higher side as systems flush through, with clarity improving after recent runoff. Nymphing has remained consistent throughout the transition, while streamer fishing has been productive in the elevated flows. Most notably, George flags the imminent arrival of grannom caddis — expected within five to seven days at the time of recording — following scattered early caddis reports and strong blue-winged olive activity during the preceding warm spells. With temperatures forecast to climb back into the 60s and 70s, George anticipates a meaningful uptick in dry fly opportunity and encourages anglers to get their dries ready. The episode also touches on late-season steelhead fishing as an alternative option, and briefly recaps a hosted shop trip to South Andros Lodge in the Bahamas. George rounds out the report with updates on remaining spring classes and upcoming sales at TCO Fly Shop.Key TakeawaysWhy high, off-color water in early spring shifts the most productive technique toward streamers rather than dries or nymphs.When to expect the grannom caddis hatch on Central PA freestone and spring creek systems and how warming temperatures accelerate its arrival.How to read the transition from consistent nymphing conditions to the first genuine dry fly opportunities of the spring season.Why late-winter and early-spring steelhead remain a viable alternative when Central PA trout streams are running high and off-color.When to take advantage of end-of-season sales at fly shops to stock up on last year's gear at reduced prices before spring inventory fully arrives.Techniques & Gear CoveredGeorge Costa covers the three primary presentations that define early spring Central PA fishing: nymphing with standard subsurface patterns (described as "all the usual suspects"), streamer fishing in elevated and off-color water, and dry fly fishing as conditions warm and early hatches emerge. No specific fly patterns are named beyond the bug categories discussed — grannoms and other early caddis, blue-winged olives and general nymph imitations — reflecting the broad-strokes, conditions-focused nature of the fishing report format. The gear discussion is brief, with George directing anglers to TCO Fly Shop's spring inventory rollout and noting that winter merchandise will be moving to sale pricing soon. The overarching tactical theme is reading the water conditions and having the flexibility to shift between techniques as flows drop, color clears and insect activity builds.Locations & SpeciesThe report centers on Central Pennsylvania's most productive trout waters: Spring Creek, Penns Creek, Fishing Creek and the Juniata River, all running near seasonal averages with slightly elevated, clearing flows at the time of recording. The primary target species throughout is wild trout — the conversation is framed around the approaching dry fly season that defines Central PA fishing in late March and April. George also briefly references Erie-region steelhead as a concurrent late-winter option, with shop staff actively fishing them. A hosted trip to South Andros Lodge in the Bahamas is mentioned in passing, with bonefish and barracuda as primary species, though the Bahamas content is contextual rather than instructional.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat are current stream conditions on Central PA trout waters in early spring?At the time of recording, Spring Creek, Penns Creek, Fishing Creek and the Juniata were running on the higher side of average following a series of weather systems, with flows dropping and clarity improving. George Costa describes conditions as "okay-ish," noting that both the Penns and Juniata systems got very high before beginning to drop and clear up — typical behavior for Central PA freestones in late March.When can Central PA anglers expect the grannom caddis hatch to begin?George forecasts grannom activity within five to seven days of the recording, citing scattered early caddis reports and strong BWO hatches during the preceding warm spells as leading indicators. He emphasizes that a forecasted return to 60–70°F temperatures over the upcoming weekend should trigger meaningful hatch activity across the region's spring creeks and freestones.How should fly anglers approach Central PA streams when flows are elevated and off-color?Costa notes that fish are actively moving in the high water and several anglers have already had strong streamer days in the elevated flows. He recommends leaning on streamers when water is up and colored, while nymphing with reliable subsurface patterns remains consistent regardless of conditions — and advises anglers to have dry fly rigs ready for when flows drop and the first consistent hatch windows open.Is steelhead fishing worth pursuing as a late-winter option in the region?George confirms that late-winter and early-spring Erie steelhead remain a viable option, noting that water levels looked favorable at the time of recording and that TCO staff members were actively fishing them. He characterizes it as a solid alternative for anglers who want active fishing while waiting for Central PA trout conditions to fully develop.Related ContentS8, Ep 11 – Snow Melt and Spring Awakening: Central PA Fishing Report with George CostaS8, Ep 4 – Chilly Waters and Crafty Flies: A New Year Fishing Report with George CostaS7, Ep 36 – Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 30 – Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopConnect with Our GuestFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? 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Episode OverviewIn this Casting Angles episode of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash and Master Casting Instructor Mac Brown close out the fly fishing show season with a candid debrief on what happens after students leave the classroom. Recorded immediately after both Marvin and Mac wrapped up their teaching schedules at the Lancaster Fly Fishing Show — the final show of the year — the conversation digs into one of the most practical and underexplored questions in fly fishing education: how do you structure a class so students can actually keep improving on their own once they leave? Mac Brown, owner of Mac Brown Fly Fish in Bryson City, North Carolina, and a Master Casting Instructor through Fly Fishers International, draws on decades of coaching experience and current sports physiology research to frame the core tension between teaching to immediate performance versus teaching for long-term self-correction. The episode explores how video on smartphones has transformed what's possible in a single class session, why saturation happens faster than most instructors expect during hands-on practice, and how foundational mechanics — particularly the elbow drop and correct arm path — give students a reliable framework to diagnose and fix their own casting long after the lesson ends. Mac also previews his spring guide school season starting in late March in Bryson City, making this a timely listen for anyone considering casting instruction before the season ramps up.Key TakeawaysHow to structure a casting class so students leave with both foundational understanding and the self-correction tools to keep improving independently.Why teaching entirely to immediate performance — without covering the underlying mechanics — leaves students unable to troubleshoot when their casting breaks down.How using smartphone video during a lesson gives students a concrete reference point so they know exactly what to look for when they practice at home.Why 15 to 20 minute practice sessions, repeated several times a week, produce better results than long, unfocused practice blocks that lead to early saturation.How the elbow drop and correct arm path mechanics — grounded in 160-plus years of casting science — deliver a measurable, immediately felt difference in loop speed and efficiency that converts skeptical students on the spot.Techniques & Gear CoveredThis episode is focused entirely on casting instruction methodology rather than on-water tactics, so there are no fly patterns or gear brands discussed. The core technical concept Mac returns to throughout the conversation is the relationship between arm path and loop quality: when casters move the rod hand horizontally straight forward — essentially throwing like a shot put — they generate far less line speed than when the elbow drops and the rod tip travels on a proper path. Mac uses a practical field demonstration to make this concrete, counting out a slow, soft cast aloud (1001-1002-1003-1004) and contrasting it with the sub-half-second delivery produced by the elbow drop, then asking students which loop they'd want in a 30-knot Belize or Montana wind. Beyond the mechanics, Marvin and Mac discuss a drill-based curriculum structure — roughly six drills covering power, pause and path — that students can work through in short, focused practice sessions using their phone cameras for feedback. The broader instructional philosophy draws on contemporary coaching literature, including Nick Winkelman's language-of-coaching framework, and aligns with what Mac and Gary Borger have implemented in their all-day casting classes.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhy shouldn't a casting instructor just focus on getting students casting as quickly as possible?Mac Brown explains that while pure performance-based teaching can produce fast results in a demo context — like getting a kid casting 40 feet with tight loops in two minutes — it leaves students with no conceptual framework to fall back on when their casting starts to deteriorate. Without understanding the underlying mechanics, they have no idea what to change, and they end up needing to return for the same lesson repeatedly rather than progressing independently.How do you use smartphone video effectively in a casting lesson?Mac Brown and Marvin both emphasize that students should use their phones to film the instructor demonstrating the correct movement. The key is that students leave the class knowing exactly what they're looking for — and having footage of it. Without that reference, independent practice becomes guesswork.How much hands-on practice time should be in a casting class versus instruction?Marvin notes that students reach a saturation point with hands-on practice faster than most instructors expect. He describes his introductory class as roughly 75% classroom and 25% hands-on. The goal is not to have students perfect every skill in class, but to build enough intellectual understanding that they can drill efficiently on their own — ideally in short 15 to 20 minute practice sessions several times a week rather than long, unfocused blocks.What is the elbow drop, and why does it matter so much?The elbow drop is a fundamental casting mechanic in which the caster's elbow descends during the stroke rather than tracking horizontally straight ahead. Mac demonstrates its impact by comparing two identical 40-foot casts: one made with a horizontal hand path, which takes several seconds for the line to turn over, and one made with the elbow drop, which delivers the line in under half a second. He uses the contrast as both a diagnostic tool and a conversion moment — once students feel the speed differential for themselves, they are immediately motivated to change their mechanics.When does Mac Brown's spring guide school season start in Bryson City?Mac's first guide school of the spring is scheduled for March 25, with additional two-day and three-day schools running through April and beyond. He also teaches private casting lessons and guides as the season ramps up. The best way to reach him is through macbrownflyfish.com, where his full schedule and contact information are listed.Related ContentS7, Ep 16 – Simplifying Complexity: Effective Teaching Strategies in Fly Fishing with Mac BrownS7, Ep 20 – Practice Makes Perfect: Mac Brown on Mastering Casting TechniquesS7, Ep 28 – Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS7, Ep 41 – Navigating High Water: Strategies for Success with Mac BrownConnect with Our GuestFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & Advertise

Episode OverviewThe Articulate Fly's Central PA Fishing Report returns with George Costa, manager at TCO Fly Shop in State College, Pennsylvania, delivering a timely early spring conditions update for central Pennsylvania's trout waters. This episode captures the region at a pivotal seasonal inflection point: after a long cold winter, rising water temperatures and the first notable olive hatches signal the transition from winter holding patterns to active spring feeding. Spring Creek, Penns Creek and the surrounding Centre County limestone streams are the focal waters, with wild trout as the primary target. George covers the full tactical picture for this particular window — the simultaneous emergence of blue-winged olives (sizes 18–22) and little black stoneflies, streamers in off-color rising water and the nymph game poised to accelerate through the coming months. Anglers will also find timely context on the grannom hatch timeline (late March into early April) and conditions outlook as a warming trend arrives on the heels of meaningful rainfall. George also previews upcoming classes at TCO and his impending Andros bonefish trip, providing a glimpse of the shop's spring momentum.Key TakeawaysHow to read rising, off-color spring water conditions in Central PA as a trigger for switching to streamers in search of larger fish.Why small olives (sizes 18–22) and little black stoneflies (sizes 14–16) are the first dry fly opportunities worth targeting as winter transitions to spring.When to expect the grannom hatch on Central PA limestone streams — historically the last week of March into the first week of April, water and air temps permitting.How to structure your spring approach around three concurrent methods: dry flies during hatch windows, nymphing in the column as nymphs begin migrating, and streamers in stained water or on overcast days.Why a warming trend following a rain event is one of the best short-term conditions setups for early spring trout activity in Central PA.Techniques & Gear CoveredGeorge outlines three productive approaches for this early spring window. Dry fly fishing with small olives (sizes 18–22) and little black stonefly patterns (sizes 14–16) is the headline, with fish actively rising once the warmth triggers hatch activity. Nymphing gets an extended emphasis — George notes that nymphs are beginning to move around, setting up what he expects will be a productive two-month run for subsurface presentations. Streamer fishing in off-color, elevated water is flagged as the big-fish opportunity of the moment, with George specifically recommending streamers on cloudier days when visibility is reduced. No specific fly brands or rod/reel gear is discussed beyond fly pattern sizing, keeping the focus on approach and conditions reading.Locations & SpeciesThe episode centers on Central Pennsylvania's limestone stream corridor — Spring Creek, Penns Creek and the broader Centre County watershed around State College. These are primarily wild brown trout fisheries, and the discussion assumes year-round catch-and-release water or designated regulated sections rather than stocked water. Conditions at recording time show streams rising with slight color following recent rainfall, with a warming trend (high 60s) forecast for the following week. The grannom hatch discussion also points toward Penns Creek as a traditional anchor for the late-March/early-April caddis emergence that serves as Central PA's equivalent of the iconic Mother's Day caddis events found on other Mid-Atlantic and Southern Appalachian tailwaters.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat dry flies should I be fishing in Central PA during early spring?Blue-winged olives in sizes 18–22 are the primary hatch driver right now, with little black stoneflies in sizes 14–16 providing additional topwater opportunity. George recommends keeping dries accessible as hatches are actively going off and fish are beginning to rise after a long winter.When does the grannom hatch happen on Central PA streams?George places the traditional grannom hatch in the last week of March through the first week of April, with timing dependent on water and air temperatures. He notes this event is still roughly two and a half to three weeks out from the time of recording, but characterizes it as right around the corner.How should I adjust tactics when Central PA streams are running high and off-color?Rising, off-color water is prime streamer water in Central PA, especially on overcast days. George recommends targeting bigger fish with streamer presentations in those conditions rather than dry fly or nymph presentations.How long will the nymph bite be productive this spring?George expects strong nymphing conditions to last through the next couple of months as insects ramp up activity and fish become increasingly aggressive after winter. Nymphs are beginning to move around in the column now, making this an excellent time to commit to subsurface presentations.Is George's Andros bonefish trip relevant to the Central PA fishing audience?While the bonefish trip is a brief aside, it provides useful context around saltwater fly fishing planning — specifically that wind is a constant variable in the Bahamas, and experienced anglers build their casting and guide communication strategies around that assumption rather than hoping for calm days.Related ContentS8, Ep 4 – Chilly Waters and Crafty Flies: A New Year Fishing Report with George CostaS7, Ep 36 – Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 30 – Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 48 – Rain or Shine: Central PA's Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopS7, Ep 49 – Rain, Hatches and Cicadas: A Central PA Fishing Update with George CostaConnect with Our GuestFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the show.If you are in the industry and need help getting unstuck, learn more about our consulting options.Subscribe & AdvertiseSubscribe to the podcast in your favorite podcast app.Think our community is a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.

Episode OverviewThis fly fishing podcast episode delivers a timely late-winter transition report from Southwest Virginia, covering the critical window when musky season winds down and pre-spawn smallmouth bass fishing kicks into gear. Host Marvin Cash reconnects with guide Matt Reilly of Matt Reilly Fly Fishing — a USCG-licensed captain and specialist in smallmouth, musky and other predatory game fish in the New River system — for a frank assessment of where conditions stand and what anglers should be targeting over the next several weeks. Recent snowmelt pushed water temperatures down, but a sustained stretch of warm days (highs in the 60s and 70s with some approaching 80°F) has temperatures climbing back through the mid-to-upper 40s, signaling that pre-spawn smallmouth are beginning to stage out of their winter holding water. Matt also previews his spring striper run program, opening dates on his guiding calendar, and his expanded mountain trout program through associated guides in southwest Virginia — a fishery he argues is underutilized by visiting anglers drawn instead to the Smokies or Virginia's tailwaters. For serious anglers planning a spring trip or looking to understand how temperature history shapes fish location in early season, this report is essential listening.Key TakeawaysHow water temperature history — not just current readings — dictates where pre-spawn smallmouth will be holding after warm early-season spikes followed by cold snaps.When to start streamer fishing for pre-spawn smallmouth: once morning temps consistently hit 50°F, a mid-column baitfish presentation becomes reliable; mid-to-upper 40s can work with slow retrieves and long pauses.Why fishing smallmouth through the winter gives you a positional advantage in early spring, since you can track fish as they move from deep winter holds to staging edges.How to locate early pre-spawn fish: upper ends of winter pools, lower ends and tail-outs, spreading throughout the river once temps push past 50°F.When to book spring guide dates proactively rather than waiting for newsletter announcements — late-notice cancellations open dates that never get widely publicized.Why the southwest Virginia mountain trout fishery is an overlooked destination for visiting fly anglers focused on the Smokies or regional tailwaters.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode is technique-focused on early pre-spawn smallmouth streamer presentations. Matt details the adjustment between cold-water (mid-40s) and warming-water (upper 40s into 50s) approaches: in colder conditions he recommends a slower mid-column retrieve with extended pauses and suspension, explicitly advising against immediately defaulting to dumbbell-eyed patterns bouncing on the bottom. Once morning temps reach 50°F, he transitions confidently to a standard baitfish-profile streamer fished mid-column. The conversation also touches briefly on the striper run, which typically runs mid-April through mid-May and requires constant monitoring given how quickly fish can move through.Locations & SpeciesThe primary fishery discussed is the New River in southwest Virginia, with contextual references to the broader regional mountain trout waters of the same area. Target species include pre-spawn smallmouth bass (the dominant focus), musky (wrapping up the season with a couple of remaining guide trips), striped bass (spring run, mid-April to mid-May) and wild mountain trout in the higher-elevation tributaries and streams of the Mount Rogers area. Conditions at time of recording reflect post-snowmelt recovery, with water temps north of 40°F in most stretches and some reaching the upper 40s — the threshold Matt identifies as the beginning of productive pre-spawn streamer fishing. The episode also notes the absence of any cicada brood emergences in 2026 (the only such year in the next 13), which Matt acknowledges will simplify the spring guiding calendar compared to recent years.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do water temperatures affect pre-spawn smallmouth location on the New River?In the mid-to-upper 40s, smallmouth are staging at the edges of their winter holding areas — look for them at the upper ends and tail-outs of winter pools. Once temps push past 50°F, fish spread throughout the river and become more actively feeding. Temperature history matters significantly: if fish have already experienced 52–53°F water during an early warm spell, they may have already moved even if a cold snap has pulled temps back down to the mid-40s.What streamer presentation works best for pre-spawn smallmouth in cold water?In the mid-40s, Matt favors a slow mid-column presentation with long pauses and extended suspension rather than bottom-bouncing dumbbell patterns or active retrieves. At 50°F and above, a standard baitfish-profile streamer fished mid-column is his go-to — at that temperature threshold he has enough confidence in the bite to commit fully to that style unless conditions clearly dictate otherwise.When does the striper run typically happen in southwest and south central Virginia and how predictable is it?Matt's striper program generally runs from mid-April through mid-May, but stripers can appear one day and be gone the next, making it a "wait and see" fishery that requires staying closely tuned to conditions. He monitors fish presence actively and adjusts guide bookings accordingly, making early contact with him the best way to position for a slot during the run.Why is the southwest Virginia mountain trout fishery underutilized by visiting anglers?Most visiting anglers traveling to the mid-Atlantic and Southern Appalachian region default to Tennessee's tailwaters or the Smoky Mountains, and don't end up in southwest Virginia even though the wild trout fishing there can be exceptional from late February through summer. Matt notes he's fielded consistent demand for these trips and has recently channeled that interest to associated guides who specialize in the mountain program — guides he describes as more skilled at it than himself.How should anglers approach booking with a guide like Matt Reilly given limited availability?Matt recommends direct outreach rather than waiting for newsletter announcements of open dates — by the time a cancellation makes it into a newsletter blast, competition for the slot is higher. Spring and summer prime-time top-water smallmouth dates tend to book first; fall dates (especially early October) are typically the last to fill and often have more flexibility.Related ContentS8, Ep 2 – January Fishing Forecast: Weather Patterns and Musky Tips with Matt ReillyS7, Ep 19 – Weathering the Winds: March Fishing Insights and Pre-Spawn Strategies with Matt ReillyS7, Ep 99 – Winter's Approach: Matt Reilly's Tips for Catching Musky in Low WaterS6, Ep 33 – Southwest Virginia Fishing Report with Matt Reilly (Pre-Spawn Smallmouth)S7, Ep 1 – Winter Fly Tying and Pre-Spawn Tips with Matt ReillyConnect with Our GuestFollow Matt on Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and YouTube.Follow our Substack newsletter for episode updates, tips and resources.Support the ShowShop through our Amazon link to support the podcast.Join our Patreon community to support the...

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash sits down with Master Casting Instructor Mac Brown for another installment of Casting Angles — a wide-ranging conversation on the philosophy of continuous improvement in fly fishing and fly casting. Recorded just before the Lancaster Fly Fishing Show, the episode centers on one of the most practical yet underappreciated principles in skill development: approaching your craft with a beginner's mind, no matter how many years you've been on the water. Mac draws on feedback from students at recent west coast events — including anglers with 30 to 40 years of experience who received their first structured casting instruction — to illustrate how long-held assumptions can silently ceiling growth. The conversation touches on Mac's "four stages of learning" framework, the infinite circle of knowledge and the parallels between fly casting mastery and elite performance in any discipline. Practical spring fishing news also surfaces in the second half: listeners get actionable intel on early-season Quill Gordon dry fly hatches on wild Appalachian freestone streams, the ideal nymph sizing window as hatches begin (sizes 12–16) and emerging activity of little black stones and blue winged olives on Tennessee tailwaters. Mac and Marvin also preview their respective Lancaster show appearances and detail upcoming guide schools and casting classes at macbrownflyfish.com for anglers planning their spring season.Key TakeawaysHow adopting a beginner's mindset — staying open to new information regardless of experience level — is the single most reliable driver of improvement in fly casting and fishing.Why intermediate anglers stagnate: the false belief that years of time on the water equates to skill development, which shuts down active learning before it can happen.How Mac's four stages of learning framework maps the path from novice to expert, and why most anglers get stuck at stage two.When Quill Gordon dry fly hatches arrive on wild Appalachian freestone streams, they represent one of the season's best dry fly windows because the adult floats for 15–20 minutes while hardening its wings.Why early-season nymphs (sizes 12–14) are as large as they'll be all year, making this the optimal window to fish bigger nymph patterns before successive hatches progressively reduce insect size.How structured instruction — rather than YouTube, books or show demos alone — accelerates skill acquisition in ways self-directed learning rarely can.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode is primarily instructional and conceptual rather than gear-heavy, but several practical fishing frameworks emerge. Mac references his own book Casting Angles — a fly casting handbook endorsed by the ACA and FFI — as the source material for the four stages of learning discussion, and directs listeners to the article on his website for a deeper read. The conversation touches on the comparative limitations of self-directed learning via YouTube and books versus structured in-person instruction, particularly for developing proper casting mechanics. On the dry fly fishing side, Mac recommends dry fly presentations targeting Quill Gordons on freestone streams in size 12, with the extended float window (15–20 minutes) making these hatches unusually productive for surface takes. Marvin notes that pairing size 14 and 16 nymphs during this same early-season window takes advantage of the year's largest nymph profiles before they diminish through the season. Mac also promotes two-day casting schools through macbrownflyfish.com as the highest-value instructional investment for anglers who want to advance their skills heading into spring.Locations & SpeciesThe episode references wild freestone streams in the Western North Carolina / Great Smoky Mountains region — Mac's home water around Bryson City — as the primary context for the early Quill Gordon hatch discussion, with these streams producing active trout as water temperatures begin to rise. Tennessee tailwaters are also noted as waters where little black stoneflies and blue winged olives are already appearing, signaling the beginning of productive surface-feeding windows. The target species throughout is wild trout, with Mac's commentary on Quill Gordon hatches specifically framed around waking large fish that have been dormant through winter. The seasonal framing is early spring, a transition period characterized by warming daytime temperatures, emerging hatches and increasingly active trout — one of the most productive dry fly windows of the year in the Southern Appalachians.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow does a beginner's mindset improve fly casting and fishing skills?Beginners enter instruction with no preconceptions to dismantle, which makes them highly receptive to new technique and feedback. Mac argues that anglers who believe they are already proficient — after years of fishing without formal instruction — unknowingly stop absorbing new information, effectively stalling their development at the intermediate stage.What are the four stages of learning in fly casting?Mac's framework progresses from stage one (open absorption of fundamentals) through stage two (recognizing a problem exists but not knowing how to fix it — where most intermediate anglers stall) to stages three and four, where skills become internalized and self-correcting. He recommends reading the full article on his website for a detailed breakdown of each stage.When is the Quill Gordon hatch and why is it such a good dry fly opportunity?The Quill Gordon is an early-season mayfly that emerges on wild Appalachian freestone streams, typically before most other major hatches of the year. The adults float on the surface for 15–20 minutes while hardening their wings — an unusually long window that gives trout ample time to key on them and gives anglers sustained dry fly fishing action. Size 12 patterns are appropriate at peak emergence.Why should anglers fish larger nymph patterns in early spring?Nymph size follows a seasonal arc: early in the year, aquatic insects are at or near maximum size before the first hatches reduce their populations and successive generations emerge progressively smaller. Sizes 14 and 16 are particularly effective in this early window, as they match the naturals more accurately than the smaller patterns that will dominate later in the season.What does Mac Brown recommend for anglers who want to improve most efficiently?Mac consistently points to in-person structured instruction — particularly his two-day casting school — as the highest-leverage investment for improvement. He contrasts this with YouTube and book-based learning, which lack the real-time feedback loop required to correct ingrained errors and build proper mechanics into muscle memory.Related ContentS7, Ep 16 - Simplifying Complexity: Effective Teaching Strategies in Fly Fishing with Mac BrownS7, Ep 20 - Practice Makes Perfect: Mac Brown on Mastering Casting TechniquesS7, Ep 28 - Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS6, Ep 10 - Casting Angles with Mac BrownS6, Ep 141 - Mastering Cold Weather Fly Fishing with Mac BrownConnect with Our GuestFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook, Instagram,

Episode OverviewIn this Chocklett Factory episode of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash sits down with legendary fly designer and guide Blane Chocklett for a wide-ranging conversation covering two central topics: the mechanics and design philosophy behind Chocklett's support disc and spreader dam system, and the upcoming Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest conservation event in Vero Beach, Florida. Blane explains how his support discs — available in round and oval profiles ranging from 6mm to over 20mm — create the water diversion that drives the serpentine, side-to-side swimming action that defines Game Changer articulated flies. Rather than relying solely on fiber tips to generate movement, the supports actively redirect water flow around the body of the fly, producing a realistic fish-like swimming motion that passive designs cannot replicate. Blane also walks through the practical tying advantages: faster construction, easier material distribution, built-in profile tapering and greater fly longevity. The second half of the conversation turns to Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest, a conservation-focused event benefiting the American Saltwater Guides Association (ASGA), set for March 21 in Vero Beach at Carter Andrews's property. Blane shares the vision behind the event — honoring legends like Lefty Kreh and Bob Popovics while cultivating the next generation of anglers — and previews an intimate lineup that includes Andy Mill, Rob Fordyce, Hillary Hutcheson, Carter Andrews, Chase Smith and Fletcher Sams, among others.Key TakeawaysHow water diversion around the body of an articulated fly — not just fiber-tip movement — produces a true serpentine swimming action that triggers more strikes.Why Chocklett support discs in graduated sizes (6mm through 20mm+) allow tiers to build precise, tapered profiles for different baitfish silhouettes without excess material.How to choose between round disc supports (cylindrical/sucker profiles) and oval supports (taller, narrower bunker or shad profiles) to match specific forage.Why the Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest model — small, intimate, conservation-focused — delivers meaningful angler access to fly fishing legends that larger industry shows cannot replicate.How supporting ASGA through events like Tie Fest funds the fisheries science that policymakers need to protect saltwater species populations long term.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe core technical discussion centers on Chocklett's support disc and spreader dam system as a mechanism for achieving active water diversion and realistic swimming action in articulated flies. Blane explains that while Bobby Popovics' reverse-tie bucktail approach relied on fiber tips for passive movement, inserting support discs into the body of a Beast-style or Game Changer fly forces water to divert around the structure, initiating true left-to-right serpentine motion. The system uses two disc geometries — round supports for cylindrical profiles (suckers) and oval supports for taller, narrower silhouettes (bunker, shad) — in graduated sizes from 6mm to over 20mm, allowing tiers to stair-step profile width from tail to shoulder for a natural taper. Practically, the supports eliminate the need to reverse-tie bucktail and guess fiber length, dramatically simplifying the tying process while also extending fly longevity by preventing bucktail collapsing and thinning out over time. Materials referenced include bucktail, synthetic fibers and TFO rods (Blane is a TFO brand ambassador).Locations & SpeciesThe episode's fishing-specific travel content focuses on the Alabama Gulf Coast, which Blane describes as a highly underrated saltwater destination where clear Florida-influenced water meets the nutrient influence of the Mississippi Delta. He fished this area out of FlyWay Charters with guide Sam (based near the Community Fly Supply shop), targeting redfish, black drum, tripletail, jack crevalle and sheepshead. The Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest event at Vero Beach, Florida, adds another saltwater context — the Indian River Lagoon and Treasure Coast area known for tarpon, snook and permit, ecosystems that ASGA's conservation work is specifically designed to protect. The episode's conservation framing extends to the broader health of saltwater species populations across coastal fisheries, with Blane connecting healthy fisheries to the long-term viability of saltwater fly fishing as both a sport and a guiding profession.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do Chocklett support discs create a serpentine swimming action in articulated flies?When a support disc is placed inside the body of an articulated fly, it forces water to divert around the structure rather than flowing straight through the fibers. That diversion initiates a side-to-side, serpentine movement that mimics the natural swimming motion of a baitfish — something fiber-tip movement alone cannot produce. The key mechanism is active water redirection, not passive fiber flutter.What is the difference between round and oval Chocklett support discs?Round supports create a cylindrical cross-section ideal for sucker or cigar-shaped baitfish profiles. Oval supports produce a taller, narrower shape suited to bunker, shad or other laterally-flattened forage. By selecting the appropriate geometry and stepping up through graduated sizes from tail to shoulder, tiers can build a precise taper that matches the specific baitfish they are trying to imitate.How do support discs improve fly durability and ease of tying?Traditional reverse-tie bucktail construction tends to collapse and thin out over time, degrading fly performance. Support discs maintain the shape and fiber position for the life of the fly. They also eliminate the need to reverse-tie and guess at fiber length, making even distribution around the hook much easier and faster — a meaningful benefit for tiers who don't spend hours at the bench every week.What is Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest and why does it matter for fly fishing conservation?Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest is an annual event — revived after Lefty Kreh's passing — held at Carter Andrews's property in Vero Beach, Florida, that combines a day-long outdoor festival with a benefit dinner. Proceeds support the American Saltwater Guides Association (ASGA), which funds fisheries science and advocacy needed to influence policy protecting saltwater species. Blane frames it as both a celebration of the sport's legends and an investment in its future.What makes the Alabama Gulf Coast a worthwhile saltwater fly fishing destination?The Alabama coastline sits at a confluence of clear, Florida-influenced water and the productive, nutrient-rich influence of the Mississippi Delta, producing diverse species opportunities in a relatively uncrowded setting. Target species include redfish, black drum, tripletail, jack crevalle and sheepshead across multiple seasons. Blane characterizes it as highly overlooked and a strong destination for anglers seeking variety outside of better-known Gulf and Atlantic coastal fisheries.Related ContentS7, Ep 42 – Celebrating Legacy and Conservation with The Chocklett FactoryS7, Ep 61 – The Chocklett Factory Unleashed: New Flies and Other Goodies with Blane ChocklettS7, Ep 73 – The Chocklett Factory: Sneak Peek at New ProductsS6, Ep 144 – The Chocklett Factory: Conservation, New Products and a Legacy RememberedS2, Ep 114 – All Things Game Changer with Blane ChocklettConnect with Our GuestFollow Blane on Facebook...

Episode OverviewDrew Price of Master Class Angling returns to The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast to deliver a season debrief from Lake Champlain and discuss the release of his debut book, Favorite Flies for Vermont: 50 Essential Patterns from Local Experts (Stackpole Books). For anglers curious about multi-species fly fishing in the Northeast or the fly patterns that actually produce on Vermont's diverse waters, this episode covers both with depth and specificity.The 2025 season on Champlain was defined by record-low water levels — a rarity that revealed structure Drew had never seen and produced drone footage that will inform future guiding. Bowfin fishing was among the best he's seen in years, and November lake trout fishing exceeded expectations, reflecting growing demand for Laker guide trips. Drew brings that same multi-species perspective to the book, which covers 53 patterns ranging from pragmatic brook trout dries and blue-line streamer patterns to bowfin, gar and bass flies — including Drew's own glow-in-the-dark Clouser Minnow variation for lake trout and Chocklett-influenced bowfin patterns he's adapted for Champlain conditions. The conversation also covers the production process in candid detail: Drew's self-directed macro fly photography, his phone-interview approach to wrangling 50-plus tiers across Vermont and the editorial relationship with Jay Nichols at Stackpole. The historical dimension is a highlight — patterns like the Governor Aiken Bucktail, the Spirit of Pittsford Mills and a tribute to the late Rhey Plumley place Vermont's fly fishing culture in a lineage that goes back to Mary Orvis Marbury's early commercial tying work in Manchester.Key TakeawaysHow a record-low water year on Lake Champlain exposed bottom structure and shifted Drew's understanding of fish-holding spots in ways that will pay off for seasons to come.Why Vermont fly tiers skew pragmatic — tying quickly and in volume over aesthetics — and why beat-up flies often outfish perfect ones.How to properly attribute pattern variations to their originators, and why that intellectual honesty matters for the sport's tying culture.When to expect outstanding lake trout fishing on Lake Champlain, with November emerging as a peak window for fly rod Lakers.Why Lake Champlain's combination of world-class bass fishing, exceptional bowfin populations (including multiple IGFA tippet-class records) and 88 resident species makes it an underappreciated destination for fly anglers.How Tom Rosenbauer's CDC Rabbit's Foot Emerger became a standout pattern in the book, and what the story behind its development reveals about matching emerger behavior in the surface film.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode touches on a range of techniques tied to Champlain's multi-species fishery rather than a single tactical deep dive. Sight fishing in the shallows — push-pole work targeting bowfin, gar and carp — is central to Drew's guiding approach, and several flies in the book were designed specifically for those conditions. For lake trout, Drew discusses his glow-in-the-dark Clouser Minnow variation, a deep-November pattern that he describes as producing an unmistakable visual trigger as the fly returns to the boat in the dark. Variations on Blane Chocklett's patterns adapted for bowfin fishing also feature in the book, illustrating how Game Changer-platform thinking has crossed over into the warm-water exotic-species world. The book's fly photography (all shot by Drew himself using a macro setup he developed during the writing process) includes both hyper-realistic imitative patterns — like Thomas Ames's emerging caddis, designed to capture a specific stage of insect emergence — and intentionally rough, high-production guide flies built for Vermont's blue-line brook trout water. The trolling application of the Governor Aiken Bucktail for landlocked salmon rounds out the technique coverage, reflecting the lake's migratory salmonid fishery that intensifies in fall.Locations & SpeciesThe episode centers on Lake Champlain and the broader Vermont fly fishing ecosystem, with the lake positioned as a legitimate destination fishery for bass, bowfin, lake trout, pike, gar, carp and landlocked salmon — as well as brown trout and brook trout in the tributary streams. Drew notes that Champlain has ranked among the top five bass lakes in the country according to Bassmaster for three decades, and that it holds records across IGFA tippet classes for bowfin. The book also addresses Vermont's blue-line brook trout fishery, acknowledging the state's honest limitations as a trout destination (no super-consistent hatches, less predictable than Pennsylvania or Colorado tailwaters) while pointing readers to the wild brook trout corridors that define summer fly fishing in Vermont. Historically notable waters referenced include Furnace Brook in Pittsford — President Eisenhower's favorite trout stream — and the Northeast Kingdom, the setting for an archival photo tied to the Governor Aiken Bucktail chapter. November is flagged as a particularly productive window for lake trout on fly, with record-low 2025 water conditions adding context for why structure knowledge carries outsized importance on Champlain.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat made the 2025 fishing season on Lake Champlain unusual?The lake hit near-record low water levels in 2025, a sharp contrast to the high-water years immediately prior. The low water exposed bottom structure Drew had never seen, allowing him to understand exactly why fish hold in certain locations. Drone footage from the season is now part of his ongoing location research.What types of flies are featured in Favorite Flies for Vermont?The book covers 53 patterns, with roughly 40 trout flies and the remainder targeting warm-water and exotic species including bowfin, gar and bass. Patterns range from simple Tenkara-style CDC dries to hyper-realistic emerger caddis imitations from Thomas Ames. Several historically significant Vermont patterns are included, such as the Governor Aiken Bucktail and the Spirit of Pittsford Mills dry fly, with full attribution and historical context for each.How does Drew Price approach pattern attribution in his book?Drew is deliberate about crediting the originators of any pattern he's adapted, even when his modifications are significant. Variations on Blane Chocklett's warm-water patterns and a riff on Bob Clouser's minnow design for lake trout are both attributed explicitly in the text. He extends the same standard to historical patterns, tracing variations back through the tying lineage rather than presenting adaptations as entirely original work.When is the best time to fish for lake trout on Lake Champlain with a fly?November stands out as the peak window, based on Drew's guide experience. The season saw strong late-year Laker fishing and a notable uptick in guided Laker trip requests, which Drew describes as a welcome surprise. A glow-in-the-dark Clouser Minnow variation is his go-to pattern for night-time and low-light Laker sessions on the lake.Why does Drew Price consider Lake Champlain an underrated fly fishing destination?Champlain holds 88 species, roughly 30 of which are realistic fly rod targets — Drew has personally caught 15 different species in a single day on fly. The lake consistently ranks among the top five bass lakes in the U.S. and has produced IGFA tippet-class records for bowfin across nearly all classes. Despite those credentials, it remains well below the radar of most traveling fly anglers, which Drew is actively trying to change through the book and continued guiding.SponsorsThanks to TroutRoutes for sponsoring this episode. Use ARTFLY20 to get 20% off of your TroutRoutes Pro membership.Related ContentS7, Ep 27 – Master Class Angling: The Art of Fishing Exotic Species with Drew PriceS7, Ep 8 – Fly Tying Mastery: Tim Cammisa's New Book and Euro Nymphing AdventuresS2, Ep 114 – All Things Game Changer with Blane ChocklettConnect with Our GuestFollow Master Class Angling on Instagram.Follow the ShowFollow The Articulate Fly on Facebook,

Episode OverviewEast Tennessee guide Ellis Ward joins host Marvin Cash on The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast for a late-winter fishing report covering the South Holston River and surrounding tailwaters. In this episode, Ellis breaks down how unpredictable dam generation schedules and fluctuating flows are the primary drivers of inconsistent fishing windows — more so than weather — and why that reality demands a fundamentally different mental approach from serious anglers. With BWO hatches failing to materialize on days that should produce blizzard conditions, and streamer eat windows compressing to brief, unpredictable pulses, Ellis and Marvin draw a direct parallel between the relentless focus required for post-spawn brown trout streamer fishing and the mental discipline musky anglers already understand. The conversation covers the critical tactical mindset of hunting specific, quality fish rather than grinding for numbers, how to stay locked in through hours of blank water, and why the angler who stays mentally present from first cast to last is the angler who converts when a big brown finally commits. Looking ahead, Ellis previews the approaching caddis hatch and the narrow pre-spawn musky window before the fish pull off into their spawning cycle — a brief but high-opportunity period for anglers willing to position now.Key TakeawaysHow flow variability on Tennessee tailwaters — more than weather or barometric pressure — controls streamer bite windows and hatch activity, and why monitoring generation schedules is the first step in trip planning.Why the mental framework musky anglers already bring to the water is the correct lens for post-spawn brown trout streamer fishing, where long blank stretches between eats are the rule rather than the exception.How to maintain cast-to-cast focus through low-feedback hours by loading your brain with data that supports your confidence in the water type and technique, rather than drifting toward easier or more visible options.When to pivot between top-run and bottom-run tailwater zones based on current flow constraints, and why reading the release schedule lets you prioritize water before you ever launch the boat.How Ellis Ward's newsletter gives subscribers first access to grade-one and grade-two bucktails before they sell out, making sign-up through elliswardflies.com the only reliable way to secure top-shelf material.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on streamer fishing for post-spawn brown trout on tailwaters, with Ellis emphasizing that successful execution is less about pattern selection in the moment and more about willingness to grind through extended non-productive stretches with the same intensity you brought to the first cast. He describes the challenge of top-run versus bottom-run water selection under constrained flows, highlighting how generation schedules completely restructure where holdable current and soft edges exist. Ellis also touches on the early-season caddis hatch approaching within a week or two, noting that small caddis coming off will begin to offer aggressive dry fly opportunities for fish that, under current windy and unsettled conditions, are largely unreachable on top.Locations & SpeciesThe episode focuses primarily on the Watauga River and the South Holston River in East Tennessee, tailwater systems whose fishing quality is directly tied to TVA generation schedules rather than ambient weather.

Episode OverviewIn this Central PA Fishing Report on The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash checks in with George Costa of TCO Fly Shop in State College, Pennsylvania for a late-winter conditions update. George covers current water levels and clarity across several iconic Centre County streams — including the Juniata River, Spring Creek, Fishing Creek and Penns Creek — as heavy snowmelt pushes flows up and drops visibility. Despite the off-color, elevated conditions, George is optimistic: a few Blue-Winged Olives have already been spotted, nymphing has been consistent and a full late-winter/early-spring insect emergence looks imminent in the next two to three weeks. Anglers planning trips to Central PA trout water should temp the streams before wading — air temps in the mid-40s can be deceiving when snowmelt is actively cold-charging the system. The conversation also covers TCO's upcoming presence at the Lancaster Fly Fishing Show, a packed class schedule across all shop locations through early spring and a first look at the new Grundéns Rock Armor wading boots, which TCO is among the first retailers to stock before they're even live on the Grundéns website.Key TakeawaysHow to set expectations for Central PA streams in late winter when heavy snowmelt is elevating flows and dropping clarity across multiple watersheds.Why water temperature can be unusually cold even when air temps feel mild, and why checking water temp before wading is essential during active snowmelt events.When to plan your Central PA dry fly trips: George signals the Blue-Winged Olive hatch is weeks away from breaking wide open.How to use the pre-season window productively by attending TCO's late-winter fly fishing classes across their Pennsylvania shop locations.Why the new Grundéns Rock Armor boots are worth watching, with TCO among the earliest retailers to have them in stock.Techniques & Gear CoveredNymphing is the dominant tactic for Central PA trout during the current late-winter/snowmelt window, with George noting it has been consistent despite not yet reaching its seasonal peak. The conversation anticipates a shift toward dry fly fishing as water temperatures rise and the Blue-Winged Olive hatch accelerates over the next few weeks — a classic late-winter to early-spring transition for Pennsylvania limestone streams. On the gear side, the notable mention is the new Grundéns Rock Armor wading boots, which TCO Fly Shop in State College is stocking ahead of the general retail release; no other specific rod, reel or fly patterns were discussed in this report segment.Locations & SpeciesThis episode focuses entirely on Central Pennsylvania limestone and freestone trout streams in late winter. The primary waters discussed are the Juniata River (elevated and off-color from snowmelt), Spring Creek, Fishing Creek and Penns Creek — all experiencing increased flows and reduced clarity as the snowpack drains into the watershed. Target species are wild brown trout and rainbow trout, consistent with the Central PA catch-and-release freestone and limestone spring creek fisheries. Conditions reflect a classic late-February snowmelt transition: still cold, flows running above seasonal averages, but with early insect activity signaling the imminent arrival of prime spring fishing.FAQ / Key Questions...

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly podcast, host Marvin Cash catches up with master casting instructor Mac Brown for another installment of Casting Angles — a recurring segment dedicated to fly casting education and the business of fly fishing instruction. Recorded just after Mac returned from back-to-back appearances at the Denver and Bellevue stops of the Fly Fishing Show, the conversation covers his experience on the road, a spontaneous three-day steelhead spey fishing trip squeezed between shows and what's ahead on the Fly Fishing Show calendar. Mac and Marvin dig into the practical value of two-handed casting techniques on single-handed rods — particularly for tight Appalachian streams and summertime smallmouth fishing on rivers like the Little Tennessee, Pigeon and Tuckaseegee. Mac makes a compelling case that mastering the roll cast and a module of switch/spey casts (snake roll, snap T, snap C, Z cast, A cast) transforms an angler's ability to present flies on any water, not just big steelhead rivers. The episode wraps with late-winter fishing observations, a teaser about the upcoming Lancaster Fly Fishing Show and a reminder that Mac's guide schools, casting schools and specialty classes are bookable on his website.Key TakeawaysHow to expand your presentation options on tight Appalachian streams by adding spey and switch casts to your single-handed rod repertoire.Why the roll cast is the essential foundation of all two-handed casting, and why building it first unlocks the entire spey/switch toolkit.How to use two-handed delivery moves — snake rolls, snap Ts, Z casts and others — for summertime smallmouth fishing.When to capitalize on late-winter warmup windows by monitoring water temperatures, even when air temps feel comfortable for trout fishing.Why fishing from the tail of a long pool with two-handed casting techniques gives you a longer drift, better positioning and keeps big fish unaware of your presence.Techniques & Gear CoveredMac Brown covers the full spectrum of spey and switch casting moves applicable to single-handed rods, including the roll cast, snake roll, snap T, snap C, Z cast and A cast — what he describes as a "module of eight or nine" setup-and-deliver sequences that, once internalized, become intuitive rather than mechanical. A key theme is translating techniques typically practiced on grass into real fishing scenarios: managing 50–60 feet of shooting line in your fingers, reading pool geometry and making decisions about river-left vs. river-right presentations coming out of winter. Mac also references the two-day and three-day specialty casting schools he runs throughout the season — focused formats on wet fly and dry fly specifically — available through his website under specialty classes. No specific fly patterns or rod brands are mentioned in this episode, keeping the focus squarely on casting mechanics and tactical decision-making.Locations & SpeciesThe episode references several western North Carolina rivers as prime proving grounds for switch and spey techniques on single-handed rods,...

Episode OverviewIn this Southwest Virginia Fishing Report from The Articulate Fly podcast, guide Matt Reilly discusses late January/early February winter conditions on the New River and tactical considerations for musky anglers navigating frozen water and seasonal transitions. Reilly details how 6 to 9 inches of snowfall combined with sub-freezing temperatures have kept the New River frozen for nearly two weeks, creating challenging access conditions while fish hold in predictable winter lies. The report covers ice safety protocols for anglers working from boats during breakup periods, identifies which river sections will thaw first based on gradient and sun exposure and explains how snowmelt from the western North Carolina headwaters will buffer water temperature rises even as air temperatures climb into the upper 40s and low 50s. Reilly also provides booking updates for the tail end of musky season extending into early March, pre-spawn smallmouth opportunities in March and April, the spring striper run and post-spawn musky fishing, emphasizing that winter downtime offers anglers ideal conditions for planning technical trips targeting these species throughout the New River system.Key TakeawaysHow to navigate ice safety when fishing from a boat during river breakup, including avoiding large ice sheets and maintaining situational awareness for floating ice hazards.Why lower New River sections near Claytor Lake thaw first due to wider channels, direct sun exposure and lower elevation compared to shaded upper watershed areas.When snowmelt from 6 to 9 inches of accumulated snow in the western North Carolina headwaters will create increased flows that buffer water temperature rises during early February warm-ups.How to identify productive open water during marginal freezing conditions by targeting faster gradient sections and areas with warm water influence.Why late winter offers optimal planning windows for booking pre-spawn smallmouth trips in March and April, spring striper runs and extended musky season dates into early March.Techniques & Gear CoveredThis report focuses on tactical decision-making for winter musky fishing and seasonal transitions rather than specific presentation techniques. Reilly discusses how fish remain in predictable winter holding locations during prolonged freezing periods, requiring anglers to understand hydrological patterns and ice coverage to access productive water safely. The conversation emphasizes reading watershed dynamics during thaw periods, identifying which river sections will open first based on gradient, sun exposure and proximity to warm water sources like dam releases. Anglers targeting the late musky season extending into early March will need to adapt to post-freeze conditions where snowmelt increases flows while moderating temperature rises, creating transitional windows that precede pre-spawn smallmouth opportunities in the same system.Locations & SpeciesThe report centers on the New River in Southwest Virginia, particularly sections from the western North Carolina headwaters near Mount Rogers through the lower New River approaching Claytor Lake. Primary target species include musky during the extended late winter season through early March and smallmouth bass during the pre-spawn period beginning in March and continuing through April. Reilly also mentions spring striper runs and post-spawn musky fishing as key seasonal opportunities. The late January/early February conditions feature frozen water throughout most of the

Episode OverviewMac Brown joins host Marvin Cash for this Casting Angles episode of The Articulate Fly, a fly fishing podcast focused on practical instruction and technique refinement. With winter weather keeping many anglers off the water across the mid-Atlantic and southern Appalachians, Mac and Marvin discuss how to use this downtime productively by organizing gear and preparing equipment for the upcoming season. The conversation covers essential off-season maintenance tasks including line cleaning, wader re-treating, fly box reorganization and boot cleat maintenance. Mac shares his custom tippet management system that prevents fumbling for tippet in freezing conditions and emphasizes the importance of getting fly weight systems dialed in before prime fishing returns. The discussion also touches on the transition from winter's deep freeze to early spring fishing opportunities, with Quill Gordon hatches beginning as early as mid-February on National Park streams and post-spawn streamer fishing on tailwaters like the South Holston and Watauga. This episode provides a comprehensive checklist for serious anglers to ensure their gear is ready when weather breaks and fishing conditions improve.Key TakeawaysHow to organize fly boxes by weight and technique during the off-season to streamline on-water efficiency when the season begins.Why washing and re-treating waders now prevents cutting into prime fishing time during peak spring hatches.How to create a reliable tippet management system using elastic and clear tubing so you never struggle to find the tippet end in cold conditions.When to expect the earliest hatches in the southern Appalachians, with Quill Gordons appearing in mid-February on National Park streams.Why the first warm day after extended cold spells consistently produces excellent fishing as water temperatures rise from the mid-30s.Techniques & Gear CoveredMac emphasizes moving away from traditional split shot systems because mashing lead onto tippet significantly weakens the tippet when wet, instead favoring organized weight systems built into flies. The discussion covers comprehensive line cleaning protocols for multiple setups, particularly for lake fishing applications where having several lines ready prevents last-minute scrambling. Mac details his custom tippet management method using elastic and clear tubing (similar to New Zealand strike indicator material) that keeps 2 inches of tippet exposed and prevents the frustrating search for the tippet end when fingers are numb. Boot maintenance receives attention with the recommendation to install fresh 5/8-inch sheet metal screws using an eighth-inch driver to maintain traction. The episode also addresses seasonal gear rotation, including moving chemical hand warmers, nitrile gloves and other cold weather gear in and out of fishing kits as conditions change.Locations & SpeciesThe episode references winter conditions across Charlotte, Swain County and western North Carolina, where snow and single-digit temperatures have kept guides off the water for nearly two weeks. Marvin mentions an upcoming post-spawn brown trout streamer trip on the South Holston and Watauga Rivers near Johnson City, taking advantage of warming trends with temperatures reaching 60 degrees. Mac discusses early-season opportunities on National Park streams in the Smokies, where Quill Gordon hatches begin in the second or third week of February—some of the earliest dry fly action in the country. The conversation also touches on Mac's

Episode OverviewMike Schultz joins The Butcher Shop to deliver a comprehensive deep dive into the Swingin' D, one of predator fly fishing's most effective swim patterns for targeting smallmouth bass in Michigan rivers. This detailed conversation traces the pattern's evolution from its early 2000s origins through modern 2.0 variations, exploring the critical role of Larry Dahlberg's diver head design in creating the fly's signature side-to-side action. Mike shares the problem he was solving—creating a fly that would hang and move horizontally rather than just vertically like traditional leech and crayfish patterns. He walks through material selection spanning over 15 years of refinement, from the original beads-and-wire construction to today's shank-based articulated designs. The discussion covers tactical presentation details including optimal water temperatures (45-50°F+), rod and intermediate line selection, retrieve cadences and the importance of fishing at proper angles to achieve maximum action. Mike also provides updates on Schultz Outfitters' new e-commerce platform and upcoming events including the fourth annual Bobbin the Hood.Key TakeawaysHow to achieve unpredictable horizontal swim action by properly selecting and seating Rainy's diver heads, which create side-to-side darting movement that mimics wounded baitfish when fished at 45-degree angles on intermediate lines.Why the Swingin' D fills a critical gap in predator fly boxes by suspending in the strike zone and allowing precise depth control through strategic weighting with lead wraps or tungsten scud bodies balanced against the buoyant foam head.When to fish the Swingin' D most effectively—peak performance occurs in 45-50°F+ water during late March through May when smallmouth are aggressive and feeding in shallow 2-4 foot zones.How to construct durable 2.0 versions using The Chocklett Factory shanks, Senyo micro shank connections, Ahrex XO 774 rear hooks and Gamakatsu 2/0 worm hooks up front to prevent hook failures and maximize hookups.Why proper head selection and orientation matters—wider heads with substantial collars produce aggressive side-to-side action for cold water while narrower heads swim tighter for warmer conditions.Techniques & Gear CoveredMike emphasizes the Swingin' D's effectiveness stems from proper presentation on intermediate lines using 7-8 weight rods like the G. Loomis IMX Pro V2 or his signature NRX+ Swim Fly. The fly excels when fished at 45-degree angles from a moving boat, using erratic strip-and-pause retrieves that allow the Dahlberg diver head to create horizontal darting action. Keeling techniques using .020-.030 lead wire or Hareline tungsten scud bodies balance the buoyant foam head to achieve desired depth penetration. Mike details construction using articulated shanks (The Chocklett Factory, Senyo micro shanks), Ahrex XO 774 universal curve rear hooks and Gamakatsu 2/0 worm hooks up front, incorporating materials like Senyo's Predator Wrap, Whiting hen saddles, mallard flank and Blane Chocklett's rattle boxes. Leaders run 4-7 feet terminating in 15-16lb fluorocarbon tied with loop knots to the fly with no swivels. The pattern's versatility allows customization through flash colors, head widths and weight placement to match conditions ranging from high spring flows to lower summer levels.Locations &...

Episode OverviewCasting instructor Mac Brown joins host Marvin Cash on The Articulate Fly for another Casting Angles conversation, this time focused on the upcoming Edison Fly Fishing Show and the casting education landscape. This episode offers serious fly anglers essential insights into proper casting fundamentals, debunking common myths about distance casting and the overemphasis on double hauling in favor of loop control and efficiency. Mac and Marvin discuss their collaborative teaching approach at major fly fishing shows including Marlborough and Edison, where Mac teaches alongside legends like Gary Borger and Glenda Powell. The conversation emphasizes foundational casting mechanics that can eliminate 85-90% of common casting problems, the critical importance of systems thinking in fly fishing and the distinction between efficient movement patterns versus exhausting casting movements. Whether you're preparing for saltwater fishing or simply want to cast more efficiently with less effort, this episode provides the framework for building a solid casting foundation that makes learning advanced techniques far easier.Key TakeawaysHow to eliminate up to 90% of your casting problems by mastering foundational mechanics rather than chasing advanced techniques like the double haulWhy loop control and loop efficiency are the true keys to distance casting, with proper technique often outperforming hauling attemptsWhen to prioritize learning line shooting and efficient loop formation over the overrated double haulHow to cast more efficiently by incorporating full arm movement instead of relying on wrist-only casting that leads to fatigue and other issuesWhy having a systematic process framework prevents anglers from collecting unrelated data points from videos and demos that create more problems than solutionsTechniques & Gear CoveredThis episode focuses entirely on casting fundamentals and educational methodology rather than specific gear. Mac and Marvin emphasize loop control, loop efficiency and proper line shooting as the foundation of effective casting. They discuss the importance of power, path and pause, full arm incorporation versus wrist casting and the efficiency of movement patterns. The conversation challenges the American obsession with double hauling, noting that proper roll casting technique can achieve greater distance than poor hauling attempts. For saltwater applications where most fish are caught at 55 feet and closer, mastering these fundamentals proves far more valuable than advanced techniques built on a weak foundation.Locations & SpeciesWhile this episode doesn't focus on specific fisheries or waters, Mac references saltwater fishing applications where understanding realistic casting distances matters most. The discussion acknowledges that the majority of saltwater fish are caught at 55 feet and closer, making efficient short to medium-range casting far more practical than extreme distance work. The conversation takes place in the context of major East Coast fly fishing shows (Marlborough, Massachusetts and Edison, New Jersey) where anglers from across the region gather to improve their skills. Mac's upcoming teaching schedule spans coast to coast, including stops at Bellevue and Lancaster, reflecting the national scope of casting education needs.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat's more important for distance casting than the double...

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash sits down with Tim Flagler to explore his lesser-known culinary journey and preview his extensive 2026 hosted travel schedule. While most fly fishers recognize Tim from his renowned tying videos and work at Tightline Productions, this conversation reveals his parallel passion for cooking and food that parallels his fly tying expertise. The discussion traces Tim's evolution from childhood family meals at the Jersey Shore through his mother's and grandmother's influence to his current fascination with Asian cooking techniques, particularly Japanese, Chinese and Thai cuisine. Tim shares cooking philosophy centered on sourcing quality ingredients, constant tasting during preparation and proper knife skills while detailing his upcoming 2026 adventures including golden dorado fishing on Argentina's Ibera Marsh, trophy brown trout on the Limay River, northern pike and bull trout in British Columbia's Northern Rockies and steelhead on Lake Erie. The conversation also touches on Tim's ongoing fly tying innovations focused on creating mottled, natural-looking patterns that better imitate the mottled appearance of living aquatic insects.Key TakeawaysHow Tim's family food traditions at the Jersey Shore mirror the collaborative, process-driven approach he brings to fly tying and teachingWhy sourcing the best possible ingredients and tasting constantly throughout preparation are the two most critical elements of successful cookingHow to book Tim's 2026 hosted trips to Argentina for golden dorado and trophy brown trout, British Columbia for northern pike and bull trout or Lake Erie for winter steelheadHow Tim is incorporating mottled, multi-colored patterns in his fly designs to better imitate the natural mottled appearance of living aquatic insects that signals protein to feeding troutTechniques & Gear CoveredTim discusses his ongoing fly tying evolution focused on creating mottled appearances in patterns rather than solid single colors, based on close observation and video documentation of living aquatic macroinvertebrates. He explains how blotches of different colors signal life and protein to feeding fish, making these techniques potentially more effective than traditional solid-colored flies. The conversation touches on trout spey casting as one of Tim's seminar topics at upcoming Fly Fishing Shows. Tim also draws parallels between cooking and fly tying, emphasizing that both crafts require quality materials, proper tools (sharp knives in cooking, quality hackle and partridge in tying) and understanding fundamental techniques before attempting complex work.Locations & SpeciesTim's 2026 hosted travel schedule spans diverse fisheries across multiple continents targeting various species. In Argentina, he hosts trips to the Ibera Marsh for golden dorado, classic Patagonia rivers including the Chimehuin, Collon Cura and Limay for trout, and a six-day camping float on the Limay River targeting trophy brown trout. His North American destinations include Spruce Creek in Pennsylvania, the Kootenai River in northwest Montana for rainbows,...

Episode OverviewEast Tennessee guide Ellis Ward delivers his first fishing report of 2026 on The Articulate Fly podcast, covering winter tactics for both post-spawn trout and low-water musky fishing. Ward breaks down strategic adaptations required for fishing extremely low and clear water conditions that have dominated the region through early January, affecting both tailwater trout fisheries and musky rivers like the French Broad. The episode emphasizes post-spawn trout streamer fishing opportunities in late January and February, when trophy fish are feeding aggressively to recover after the fall spawn. Ward also discusses current musky conditions under challenging low and clear water, requiring downsized presentations and pinpoint casting to specific holding pockets, with the transition to pre-spawn musky anticipated in March. Additionally, Ward covers his intensive bucktail processing operation, having accumulated over a thousand deer tails for custom musky flies following the end of deer season. With water levels dictated by minimal tailwater releases and fish becoming increasingly spooky in gin-clear conditions, Ward explains timing windows for visiting anglers looking to capitalize on prime post-spawn trout streamer fishing and upcoming pre-spawn musky opportunities.Key TakeawaysHow to capitalize on post-spawn brown trout streamer fishing in late January through February when trophy fish are feeding heavily to recover after the fall spawnWhy low and clear water musky fishing requires downsizing presentations and focusing on precision casts to specific structure rather than covering water broadlyWhen to book trips around optimal moon phases and weather windows during the transitional period between post-spawn trout streamer fishing and March pre-spawn musky activityHow to execute sidearm casts to tight cover and confined holding areas when backcast limitations and spooky fish demand tactical adjustments in extreme low waterTechniques & Gear CoveredWard emphasizes post-spawn brown trout streamer tactics as prime winter opportunities, with late January and February offering some of the highest ceilings for trophy fish on streamers as they feed aggressively after the fall spawn. For musky fishing under current low and clear conditions, Ward discusses downsized fly presentations that facilitate better casting opportunities to tight cover with limited backcasts. The conversation details targeted approaches to four-by-four pockets, requiring anglers to identify specific holding structure rather than covering expansive zones. Ward discusses his extensive bucktail processing operation, managing approximately a thousand tails stored in two chest freezers and working through the dyeing and preparation process during winter. Equipment discussion includes the practical considerations of fishing in extreme cold with nitrile gloves and hand warmers while maintaining the dexterity needed for presentations in sub-30-degree weather, particularly important for anglers targeting post-spawn trout during early morning sessions.Locations & SpeciesThe French Broad River serves as the primary musky water, with Ward noting how extremely low and clear conditions require tactical adjustments throughout the winter period. East Tennessee's tailwater systems are emphasized for post-spawn brown trout streamer fishing, with Ward specifically noting that late January and February represent prime months when the ceiling is quite high for trophy trout that have completed their fall spawn and are feeding heavily. The interconnected nature of water management affects both

Episode OverviewIn this first Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report of 2026 on The Articulate Fly podcast, host Marvin Cash checks in with George Costa for a winter conditions update across the region's premier trout waters. George breaks down the technical nymphing and streamer tactics that are producing fish in low, clear flows as cold temperatures settle into central Pennsylvania. With snow in the forecast and a significant cold snap ahead, George covers current conditions on the Juniata River, Spring Creek, Penns Creek and Fishing Creek, explaining why the J is fishing at seasonal flows with good color while Spring, Penns and Fishing Creek remain challenging with low, clear water. The conversation reveals where trout are concentrating in deeper pools, how to adjust presentations for winter conditions and what anglers should expect over the coming weeks. George also previews upcoming winter fly tying classes at TCO shops and the Edison Fly Fishing Show, making this episode essential listening for Pennsylvania anglers planning their winter outings or looking to sharpen their skills indoors.Key TakeawaysHow to adjust nymphing presentations for low, clear winter water by keeping bugs down deep and moving them slowly through concentrated holding areas.Why the Juniata River is currently the best bet for Pennsylvania winter trout fishing with seasonal flows and good color compared to other regional waters.When to use streamers in winter conditions by fishing them low and slow rather than with aggressive retrieves.How technical winter fishing requires proper layering and thermal gear to stay comfortable during long sessions in deeper pools where fish are holding.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe primary techniques discussed are technical winter nymphing and low-slow streamer fishing tailored to challenging low-clear water conditions. George emphasizes getting nymphs down deep into the pools where trout concentrate during cold weather, maintaining slow drifts that match the fish's lethargic winter metabolism. Streamers are producing when fished deep and slow rather than stripped aggressively, with George noting his recent success moving decent fish on this approach. The conversation touches on the importance of proper winter layering—thermals, multiple sock layers and cold-weather gear—to fish effectively during extended nymphing sessions in frigid conditions.Locations & SpeciesThis report covers central Pennsylvania's top trout fisheries including the Juniata River (locally called "the J"), Spring Creek, Penns Creek and Fishing Creek. The Juniata is fishing at seasonal flows with good color, making it the standout winter destination, while Spring Creek and Fishing Creek remain low and clear, requiring more technical approaches. Winter trout are holding in deeper pools across all waters as temperatures drop and snow moves into the region. The low-clear conditions make these Pennsylvania limestone and freestone streams more challenging but rewarding for anglers who dial in proper depth and presentation.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredWhat are current water conditions on central Pennsylvania trout streams in early January 2026?The Juniata River has seasonal flows and good color, making it the best current option. Spring Creek and Fishing Creek remain low and clear, requiring more technical presentations. A cold snap with snow is forecast, which will push...

Episode OverviewBlane Chocklett joins The Articulate Fly for the first Chocklett Factory of 2026, covering his latest innovations in predator fly design and upcoming event schedule. In this fly fishing podcast episode, Blane discusses his recent Fly Fisherman magazine cover featuring the Jerk Changer, a game-changing articulated streamer designed for trophy predator species including smallmouth bass and musky. The conversation explores Blane's 2025 season highlights, including record-breaking fish on the TFO Moment rod and his emotional Cuba trip honoring the late Flip Pallot. Blane unveils his 2026 product line including new popper and slider heads, finishing heads for streamers, articulated terrestrial patterns and a collaboration with AHREX on Game Changer hooks. He also previews his appearances at Bobbin the Hood in late January and Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest in March, emphasizing the community-focused nature of both events. This episode provides serious predator anglers with insights into cutting-edge fly design, new rigging options and opportunities to learn directly from one of fly fishing's most innovative tiers and designers.Key TakeawaysHow the Jerk Changer's unique articulation and triggers make it effective for virtually every predatory fish species from smallmouth to musky.Why Blane's new finishing heads (shovel heads, realistic heads) give streamers different water-pushing actions while remaining lighter and more castable.When to use popper and slider head variations for top water presentations targeting smallmouth, saltwater species and other predators.How Blane's new realistic body parts and support discs allow tiers to match exact baitfish profiles like shad, bunker, glass minnows and chubs.Why events like Bobbin the Hood and Lefty Kreh's Tie Fest offer unique opportunities for intimate learning and celebration of fly fishing legends while supporting conservation through ASGA.Techniques & Gear CoveredThis episode focuses heavily on predator fly design innovations rather than on-water techniques. Blane discusses the Jerk Changer articulated streamer pattern, which differs from the standard Game Changer platform by incorporating additional triggers and articulation points that attract large predatory fish. He mentions fishing the Jerk Changer with the TFO Moment rod and catching trophy smallmouth bass and record-size fish in 2025. The conversation covers upcoming product releases including popper and slider heads for top water fishing, various finishing heads (shovel heads and realistic heads) that create different streamer actions, articulated stonefly and terrestrial patterns using new bug heads and a collaboration with

Episode OverviewIn this episode of The Butcher Shop fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash sits down with Brendan Ruch, the innovative tier behind the Nut Job, to explore every dimension of this game-changing swim fly pattern. From its accidental birth on Logjam Live to its current status as a go-to predator pattern for serious smallmouth and trout anglers, Brendan walks through the complete evolution of the fly. The conversation covers Central Pennsylvania waters where the pattern has proven deadly on big smallmouth and trout, particularly during spring high water conditions. Brendan details his craft fur-based approach, explaining how the synthetic material provides superior castability and a distinctive glide bait action compared to traditional hen saddle patterns. The discussion moves from vise to water, covering everything from material selection and proportioning to advanced retrieve techniques that maximize the fly's strip-and-stall bite trigger, making this essential listening for any angler pursuing large predatory fish on the fly.Key TakeawaysHow to tie a swim fly with predictable glide bait action using craft fur instead of expensive hen saddles, resulting in easier casting and better material availabilityWhy positioning rubber legs on top of the shank rather than on the sides creates critical parachute action that allows the fly to suspend and trigger strikes during the pauseWhen to adjust tungsten bead weights between 3/16" and 7/32" based on current speed to keep the fly in the strike zone without losing the neutral buoyancy that makes the pattern effectiveHow introducing slack through rod tip manipulation and strategic mends maximizes the fly's side-to-side glide within a confined 12-inch zone where fish are holdingWhy dark colors like olive-and-black with copper flash outperform bright patterns in off-color spring water, while yellow-orange combinations excel as visibility improvesTechniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on Brendan's systematic approach to fishing articulated swim flies with emphasis on strip-and-stall retrieves that create glide bait action. He details using rod tip manipulation—upward jerks, downward strips, lateral movements combined with mends—to introduce slack that allows the Nut Job to kick side-to-side within a tight zone. Tying techniques focus on craft fur density and proportioning, including ripping tips rather than cutting to preserve bulk, using finesse chenille as a low-drag core and positioning 4-8 rubber legs to create suspending action. Brendan discusses hook configurations ranging from size 2 Trout Predator to 1/0 hooks paired with 15-25mm shanks connected via Maxima Chameleon 25lb, with tungsten bead options from 3/16" to 7/32" for varying current speeds. Line selection covers Type 3 sink tips for early season high water transitioning to intermediate lines as flows normalize, paired with fluoro leaders built from 30-35lb stepping down to 16-20lb tippet.Locations & SpeciesThe Nut Job has proven effective across East Coast waters, with Brendan's primary focus on Central Pennsylvania smallmouth fisheries where the pattern excels during high water conditions typical of March through May. He references success on the West Branch of the Delaware targeting trout with smaller versions of the pattern and discusses adaptations for musky fishing and striper applications along coastal waters. The fly's design addresses the challenges of fishing swollen spring rivers with off-color water, where heavy tungsten keeps...

Episode OverviewThe Articulate Fly kicks off 2026 with the first Southwest Virginia Fishing Report featuring guide Matt Reilly, who breaks down winter musky strategies for navigating January's unpredictable conditions in Southwest Virginia's river systems. Matt explains how musky concentrate in specific locations during cold water periods (upper 30s to low 40s) and why cloudy, warm days create ideal winter fishing opportunities. The conversation covers tactical approaches for fishing through temperature swings, managing variable weather fronts and the concentrated fish behavior that makes winter musky fishing productive when anglers fish intentionally. Matt also discusses his 2026 booking calendar, upcoming smallmouth pre-spawn season and his appearance at the Buckeye United Fly Fishers show in Cincinnati. This report delivers practical insight for serious predator anglers targeting musky during the challenging but rewarding winter season, with additional perspective on spring striper opportunities and the year ahead without periodical cicada hatches.Key TakeawaysHow to locate winter musky by understanding that colder water temperatures concentrate fish into specific, predictable locations rather than spreading them throughout a system.Why cloudy, warm days with water temperatures in the upper 30s to low 40s create optimal winter musky conditions despite variable January weather patterns.When to adjust your approach for cold water musky fishing by being more intentional about location selection rather than avoiding winter conditions altogether.Techniques & Gear CoveredMatt Reilly emphasizes the importance of intentional, location-focused fishing during winter musky conditions. The discussion centers on tactical approaches for cold water periods when fish are concentrated rather than dispersed, requiring anglers to be strategic about where they invest their time and energy. Matt explains how water temperature fluctuations between the low 30s and low 40s influence fish behavior and how managing frontal systems and variable weather conditions factors into successful winter musky pursuits. The report also touches on Matt's smallmouth fly patterns and his approach to pre-spawn smallmouth tactics as the calendar moves toward late winter and early spring transitions.Locations & SpeciesThis Southwest Virginia Fishing Report focuses on Matt Reilly's home waters in Southwest Virginia, primarily targeting musky during the winter season. The discussion covers river systems experiencing variable January conditions, with water temperatures ranging from the low 30s (with ice) to the low 40s during warming trends. Matt also discusses upcoming opportunities for pre-spawn smallmouth bass in late winter and early spring and striper fishing scheduled for April and May. The region's fisheries demonstrate the characteristic boom-and-bust weather patterns of mid-Atlantic winters, where 70-degree days can give way to frozen conditions within a week, making day-by-day assessment critical for successful winter fishing.FAQ / Key Questions AnsweredHow do cold water temperatures affect winter musky location and behavior?Matt explains that cold water and ice don't necessarily shut down musky fishing but rather concentrate fish into very specific locations. The colder conditions are, the more packed fish tend to be in predictable spots. When water temperatures start warming up during comfortable weather windows, these concentrated fish can become quite active while remaining in those same predictable locations, making winter fishing productive for anglers who understand where to focus their efforts.What are the...

Episode OverviewIn this Casting Angles episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash and casting instructor Mac Brown discuss strategies for maximizing educational value at fly fishing shows nationwide. With the 2026 show season approaching, they share tactical advice on how to approach casting and tying demonstrations, turning entertainment into genuine skill development. Mac Brown, who teaches at major shows from Marlborough to Lancaster, explains why focusing on the caster's hand movements—rather than the mesmerizing fly line—unlocks the secrets to better casting technique. The conversation covers practical methods for recording demonstrations with smartphones, the importance of high frame rate video for slow-motion analysis and how to build practice habits that translate classroom learning into on-water performance. They also introduce a new foundational casting system designed to eliminate 85-90% of common casting problems, along with Marvin's process-driven approach to fishing that emphasizes building systematic habits from gear preparation through reading the water.Key TakeawaysHow to record casting demonstrations effectively by zooming in on the instructor's hand and arm movements rather than watching the fly line, capturing both the visual technique and audio explanation for later review.Why developing a show attendance plan before arriving—including which classes and demonstrations to prioritize—transforms passive entertainment into active skill development for serious anglers.When to use high frame rate smartphone settings and inexpensive tripods to create slow-motion practice footage that reveals what you're actually doing versus what you think you're doing.How building systematic habits and foundational casting technique creates space to solve on-water problems and provides the baseline needed to learn advanced variations and specialty casts.Why tension control connects fly tying and casting technique, making both skills more accessible when you understand the underlying principles that the best practitioners master.Techniques & Gear CoveredThe episode centers on video analysis and deliberate practice methods for casting improvement. Mac and Marvin emphasize recording demonstrations with smartphones, specifically filming the caster's hand movements, rate of acceleration and body mechanics rather than the fly line's path. They recommend using inexpensive tripods with phone mounts and adjusting iPhone settings to shoot at high frame rates, enabling clear slow-motion playback for self-analysis. The discussion introduces a foundational casting system that Mac and Marvin have developed, designed to address the majority of casting faults before progressing to advanced techniques. They also touch on the parallel between tension control in fly tying and casting.Locations & SpeciesWhile this Casting Angles episode focuses on educational methodology rather than destination fishing, Mac Brown references his upcoming teaching schedule at major fly fishing shows across the country, including Marlborough, Massachusetts; Edison, New Jersey; Denver, Colorado; Bellevue, Washington; Pleasanton, California; and Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The conversation touches on Mac's home waters in the Southeast, where warm January weather in the 60s has allowed for T-shirt fishing conditions. The episode's insights apply universally to any water or target species, as the casting fundamentals and learning strategies discussed translate across all fly fishing scenarios from trout...

The Articulate Fly wraps up 2025 with the final Central PA Fishing Report featuring George Costa from TCO Fly Shop in State College. In this fly fishing podcast episode, George breaks down post-spawn winter trout behavior and current conditions across Central Pennsylvania's streams as anglers navigate the holiday season. With streams running low and clear following recent rain and snowmelt, George explains why deep nymphing is producing the best results right now, targeting winter lies where trout are holding tight to the bottom in deeper pools. Streamer fishing remains hit or miss given the low, clear conditions, though the recent water bump may get fish moving, while dry fly action is minimal with scattered midge activity. George delivers practical winter fly fishing tactics for working challenging conditions and shares insights on trout positioning during the post-spawn period when fish are conserving energy. The episode also covers TCO Fly Shop's holiday hours (open 9-3 on Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve, closed both holidays), last-minute gift ideas for fly fishers and upcoming 2026 show appearances at Edison, New Jersey, and Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Whether you're planning to escape the in-laws for some winter fishing or stocking up on gear and classes at TCO, George's seasonal report provides the local intelligence Central PA anglers need to make the most of late-season opportunities.Related ContentS7, Ep 36 - Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 138 - Central PA Fishing Report with George CostaS6, Ep 129 - TCO Fly Shop's George Costa Discusses Prime Fall Fishing ConditionsS5, Ep 145 - Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopAll Things Social MediaFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your...

In this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash welcomes Robbie Kroger, founder and Executive Director of The Origins Foundation, for an in-depth conversation about hunting advocacy, wildlife conservation and the sustainable use model that's shaping the future of global conservation efforts.Guest Expertise: From Wetland Scientist to Conservation AdvocateRobbie Kroger brings an unconventional background to hunting advocacy. With a PhD in wetland ecology and aquatic biogeochemistry from the University of Mississippi, six years as a professor in the Wildlife Fisheries Department at Mississippi State and over 100 peer-reviewed publications, Robbie served as chief scientist for the BP oil spill restoration framework. His science-based, measured approach to communication sets The Origins Foundation apart in the hunting advocacy space.What You'll Learn: Reframing the Conservation ConversationDiscover how The Origins Foundation communicates with non-hunters (not anti-hunters) using honesty, respect and scientific reasoning rather than emotional arguments. Robbie explains why sustainable use of wildlife isn't a silver bullet but rather one of only seven critical tools in the limited conservation toolbox. Learn why value-based wildlife management - whether protecting elephant habitat in Africa or managing wolf populations in the American West - creates incentives for local communities to coexist with wildlife rather than eliminate it.Featured Conservation Projects: Global Impact Through ActionRobbie details the world's largest cheetah relocation project, having moved 17 cheetahs into 500,000 acres of Mozambique habitat buffered by 10 million acres of protected land, with three more relocations planned for 2026. Hear about upcoming documentaries including "Sauvons Bambi" (debuting June 2026 in Paris) about European hunters using thermal drones to save roe deer fawns from farm equipment and "In My Footsteps" profiling the first scholarship recipient from a South African hunting charity who became a successful architect. The Foundation is also building schools and clinics in South Africa and Zambia while working on rhino and lion conservation initiatives.Public Lands and Management Philosophy InsightsDrawing on his experience growing up under South Africa's private wildlife ownership model, Robbie contrasts it with America's revolutionary public trust doctrine where wildlife belongs to everyone. He discusses the chronic underfunding of agencies like USFS, USFWS and BLM, arguing that public-private partnerships, biodiversity credits and creative funding models could dramatically improve stewardship. The conversation explores complex topics like fair chase ethics, social media responsibility for hunters and anglers, wolf management controversies and why both sides being upset with you often means you've found the right position.Join the ConversationThe Origins Foundation actively engages with supporters across all social media platforms, typically with Robbie responding personally to messages. Whether attending major hunting shows from Wild Sheep Foundation to Safari Club International or meeting supporters for roadside coffee in Australia, the Foundation maintains an accessible, ego-free approach focused on lifting up the entire conservation community rather than self-promotion.SponsorsThanks to TroutRoutes for sponsoring this episode. Use artfly20 to get 20% off of your TroutRoutes Pro...

The Articulate Fly's final Casting Angles segment of 2025 delivers essential cold weather fly fishing strategies from host Marvin Cash and fly fishing expert Mac Brown, owner of Mac Brown Fly Fish in the Great Smoky Mountains. As winter conditions settle across the country, Mac shares decades of hard-earned wisdom on layering techniques and gear selection that keep anglers comfortable and effective on the water when temperatures drop into the 20s and below. Learn Mac's counterintuitive footwear approach of wearing boots 1-2 sizes larger to accommodate heavy wool socks without restricting circulation, preventing the painful cold that results from compressed feet. Discover the complete layering system using silk weight Capilene base layers, expedition weight mid-layers and quality Gore-Tex outer shells, plus Mac's ingenious shower cap trick for superior heat retention under toboggans. The discussion covers critical hand protection using poly or nitrile food service gloves that maintain full casting sensitivity and strike detection while keeping hands warm through wet line handling. Mac and Marvin also share tactical tips including why your jacket should always go over your waders, the value of Hot Hands and vintage hand warmers and how carrying a simple backpacking stove for hot beverages can extend your productive fishing time when temperatures drop. Whether you're pursuing winter trout in neoprene waders or preparing for your first cold weather outing, this episode provides the complete blueprint for staying warm, dry and fishing effectively all winter long.Related ContentS6, Ep 141 - Mastering Cold Weather Fly Fishing with Mac BrownS6, Ep 145 - Navigating Winter Waters: Unconventional Strategies with Mac BrownS6, Ep 130 - Casting in Color: Mac Brown's Fall Fly Fishing StrategiesS7, Ep 20 - Practice Makes Perfect: Mac Brown on Mastering Casting TechniquesAll Things Social MediaFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your...

The Articulate Fly wraps up 2025 with the final Southwest Virginia Fishing Report featuring New River musky guide Matt Reilly, who shares essential winter musky fishing strategies and cold weather survival tactics in this fly fishing podcast. As water temperatures drop to the critical 42-43°F threshold post-Thanksgiving, Reilly explains how musky transition into the deepest, slowest-moving winter holes on Southwest Virginia rivers. Learn a proven technique for locating winter musky by observing carp and suckers, which congregate in the same deep-water structures as muskies during cold months. Reilly provides detailed cold weather fishing gear recommendations including his layered glove system (latex gloves under fingerless insulated gloves), Simms Challenger insulated bibs, cold weather Buffs and chemical hand warmers that keep anglers comfortable in freezing conditions. With low, clear water conditions and fluctuating temperatures between snow and 50-degree days, understanding these winter musky patterns and prioritizing comfort over fishing are keys to success.To learn more about Matt, check out our full length interview.All Things Social MediaFollow Matt on Instagram.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.In the Industry and Need Help Getting Unstuck?Check out our consulting options!

In this episode of The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash sits down with legendary streamer innovator Blane Chocklett to discuss his groundbreaking new hook line with Ahrex, designed specifically for modern articulated fly patterns and the Game Changer platform.Blane Chocklett's Hook Design RevolutionBlane Chocklett reveals how he completely reimagined hook sizing and design to solve the challenges fly tiers face when building articulated streamers. Rather than continuing to adapt existing hooks to his platforms, Chocklett collaborated with Ahrex to create hooks optimized for gap, shank length and wire gauge from the ground up.What You'll Learn About Hook SelectionDiscover why traditional hook sizing creates problems for articulated patterns and how Chocklett's millimeter-based system (8mm to 80mm) eliminates the guesswork. Learn how proper hook gap prevents interference from brush bodies and bucktail and maintains optimal hookup ratios. Blane explains the critical relationship between shank length, vertebrae systems and the three-dimensional swimming action that makes Game Changers so effective.Extreme Testing on Saltwater PredatorsChocklett shares firsthand testing results from jack fishing expeditions where he locked down 100-pound backing on 35-42 inch fish to test the hooks' tensile strength. The forged construction proved its mettle under maximum pressure, giving confidence for everything from trout to tarpon.The Chocklett Factory Golden Ticket PromotionLearn about the special promotion running through January 1st, where purchases over $100 enter you for prizes from Nautilus, TFO, SA, Costa and more. Blane discusses his dealer-first philosophy and upcoming appearances including Bear's Den, Lefty's Tie Fest and his 2026 teaching schedule.Ready to upgrade your streamer tying? These hooks are available now through The Chocklett Factory, Chocklett Factory dealers and Hareline nationwide.All Things Social MediaFollow Blane on Facebook and Instagram.Follow The Chocklett Factory on Instagram.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the...

In this East Tennessee Fishing Report from The Articulate Fly, host Marvin Cash connects with guide Ellis Ward to discuss the seasonal transition from brown trout to prime musky fishing on the French Broad River. Ellis breaks down why December is a great time to chase musky in East Tennessee, explaining how low water conditions create unique presentation opportunities and how recent rain is settling the river into its winter patterns. With baby number three arriving this week, Ellis shares his strategic approach to the December lull, focusing clients on musky fishing while brown trout actively spawn. In response to listener Austin's question about exploring new water, Ellis delivers a masterclass in scouting strategy, explaining how to use Google Maps to identify high-percentage areas like creek mouths, spring creek confluences and reservoir feeder streams throughout the region's extensive tailwater and lake systems. He emphasizes the importance of dedicated time on the water—three to four days per week minimum—to truly pattern any fishery, whether targeting stripers, smallmouth or trophy browns. Ellis wraps up by highlighting why January and February represent his favorite months for post-spawn trout fishing, promising "bonkers" days for anglers willing to brave the cold.To learn more about Ellis, check out our interview!Related ContentS6, Ep 142 - Winter Musky Adventures and Streamer Tactics with Ellis WardS6, Ep 146 - Musky Mysteries: Winter Tactics and Fly Tying Tips with Matt ReillyS7, Ep 14 - The Streamer Playbook: Tips and Tactics for Targeting Big Trout in East Tennessee with Ellis WardS6, Ep 139 - Exploring East Tennessee's Changing Waters with Ellis WardAll Things Social MediaFollow Ellis and Flyzotics on Instagram.Follow Ellis on YouTube.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your...

In this Thanksgiving edition of Casting Angles, fly fishing podcast host Marvin Cash and veteran casting instructor Mac Brown reflect on the blessings of local fishing opportunities and why fishing closer to home makes you a better angler. The conversation explores how pursuing multiple species—from trout and smallmouth bass to the often-overlooked musky fishery at Cheoah Reservoir—sharpens overall angling skills and reveals untapped potential in your own backyard. Mac emphasizes that winter is an ideal time to target alternative species on TVA impoundments and local lakes, waters that tend to be overlooked during the busy summer months. Whether you're looking to improve your casting technique through Mac's guide schools (now selling out early for spring dates) or discover new fishing opportunities within an hour of home, this episode delivers practical wisdom about making the most of what's available locally.Related ContentS6, Ep 141 - Mastering Cold Weather Fly Fishing with Mac BrownS6, Ep 145 - Navigating Winter Waters: Unconventional Strategies with Mac BrownS7, Ep 20 - Practice Makes Perfect: Mac Brown on Mastering Casting TechniquesS7, Ep 28 - Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownAll Things Social MediaFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.In the Industry and Need Help Getting Unstuck?Check out our consulting options!

Join Marvin Cash on The Articulate Fly fishing podcast for this Southwest Virginia Fishing Report with guide Matt Reilly of Matt Reilly Fly Fishing, where he breaks down late fall musky fishing tactics on the New River during challenging low water conditions. Matt shares essential techniques for clear water musky fishing, including stealth approaches with long casts, downsizing presentations and speed retrieval strategies that trigger strikes even when fish are boat-shy. The episode also delivers valuable technical guidance on intermediate fly line selection, explaining why 25-30 foot intermediate tips outperform full intermediate lines when fishing current seams and eddies in swift river systems like the New River. Matt details how floating running lines allow better line management and hook sets compared to full sinking lines that create problematic bellies in varying currents. Anglers fishing both rivers and lakes will gain actionable insights on matching line systems to water conditions, with specific recommendations for streamer fishing in Southwest Virginia's premier smallmouth bass and musky waters as the season transitions into winter.To learn more about Matt, check out our full length interview.Related ContentS6, Ep 146 - Musky Mysteries: Winter Tactics and Fly Tying Tips with Matt ReillyS7, Ep 12 - Cold Water Chronicles: Insights on Musky Fishing and Streamer Techniques with Matt ReillyS7, Ep 1 - Winter Fly Tying and Pre-Spawn Tips with Matt ReillyS6, Ep 142 - Winter Musky Adventures and Streamer Tactics with Ellis WardAll Things Social MediaFollow Matt on Instagram.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.In the Industry and Need Help Getting Unstuck?Check out our

In this episode of The Articulate Fly fishing podcast, Marvin Cash sits down with Land Tawney, outdoorsman, conservationist and co-founder of the American Hunters and Anglers Action Network, for a deep dive into grassroots advocacy, public lands protection and the future of sportsmen's conservation.Land Tawney's Conservation LeadershipLand Tawney brings decades of experience in conservation organizing, including his previous work with the Theodore Roosevelt Conservation Partnership and Backcountry Hunters and Anglers. Now leading the American Hunters and Anglers Action Network, Land is building a new model for rapid-response conservation advocacy focused on social media engagement and targeted political action.What You'll LearnThis conversation explores the essential skills for effective grassroots organizing, including how to build coalitions, engage decision-makers and sustain long-term advocacy efforts. Land shares insights on navigating political compromise, using social media as an advocacy tool and mobilizing sportsmen around public lands issues. You'll discover why "your voice matters" isn't just a platitude but a practical call to democratic engagement.Montana Fly Fishing HeritageWhile the episode focuses on conservation, Land shares formative memories from Montana's Big Hole River during the salmonfly hatch, fishing with mentors like Jim Posewitz and Dale Burke and learning patience on the water from Jim Range. These early experiences on Montana's legendary trout streams shaped his lifelong commitment to protecting wild places and public access.Public Lands and Political EngagementLand discusses current threats to public lands, the importance of compromise in conservation politics and why sitting out political debates means "you're on the menu, not at the table." He outlines American Hunters and Anglers' strategy of creating "fires" that larger conservation organizations can respond to, using social media reach to amplify urgent issues affecting sportsmen's access and habitat.Tune in to understand how fly anglers can effectively advocate for the waters they fish and why conservation requires engagement, not just donations.SponsorsThanks to TroutRoutes for sponsoring this episode. Use artfly20 to get 20% off of your TroutRoutes Pro membership.Related ContentS2, Ep 40: Chris Wood of Trout UnlimitedS2, Ep 67: People of Bristol Bay - Tia Shoemaker of Grizzly Skins of AlaskaS2, Ep 83: People of Bristol Bay - Drew Hamilton of Friends of McNeil RiverS2, Ep 93: People of Bristol Bay - Kate Crump of Frigate Adventure TravelAll Things Social MediaFollow Land on Instagram.Follow American Hunters and Anglers Action Network on Facebook,

Join The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast for a timely Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly Shop in State College. As late fall transitions into winter, George breaks down current conditions across Central PA's streams and provides essential guidance for navigating spawning season responsibly. With rivers running low and clear, he shares proven techniques including nymphing with smaller mayfly patterns, deploying egg patterns in deeper runs and timing your streamer fishing for low-light conditions to maximize success. George highlights the ongoing afternoon olive hatches that offer quality dry fly opportunities when temperatures warm and emphasizes the critical importance of avoiding spawning redds to protect trout populations. Whether you're targeting Central Pennsylvania limestone streams or freestone waters, this report delivers actionable intelligence for winter fly fishing success while promoting ethical angling practices during the spawn.Related ContentS5, Ep 145 - Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 118 - Central PA Fall Fishing Report: George Costa's Tips and TacticsS6, Ep 129 - TCO Fly Shop's George Costa Discusses Prime Fall Fishing ConditionsS6, Ep 138 - Central PA Fishing Report with George CostaAll Things Social MediaFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.In the Industry and Need Help Getting Unstuck?Check out our consulting options!

In this episode of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash connects with Mac Brown from Mac Brown Fly Fish in Bryson City, North Carolina, for another Casting Angles segment exploring an often-overlooked winter fishing strategy: dry fly fishing in cold weather conditions. Mac reveals why winter dry fly fishing deserves more attention, particularly in the Great Smoky Mountains where low, clear water and selective trout make stealth presentations with dries surprisingly effective. The discussion covers critical winter hatches including midges, blue wing olives and October caddis, with Mac emphasizing that BWOs in the Smokies are exceptionally small—requiring size 30 patterns for selective fish rather than the typical size 18 parachutes many anglers default to. Both anglers share insights on dry dropper techniques for precision nymphing in skinny winter water, explaining how light rigs allow far more accurate presentations than indicator setups when targeting specific fish. Mac reflects on how his most memorable catches throughout his guiding career have come on dry flies during fall and winter, challenging the modern trend toward nymph-only approaches. The conversation also touches on late-winter black stonefly hatches and Mac's upcoming 2026 fly fishing show schedule including Boston, Edison, Denver, Bellevue, Pleasanton and Lancaster.Related ContentS7, Ep 28 - Warming Waters and Active Fish: A Spring Fishing Update with Mac BrownS6, Ep 130 - Casting in Color: Mac Brown's Fall Fly Fishing StrategiesS6, Ep 141 - Mastering Cold Weather Fly Fishing with Mac BrownS6, Ep 145 - Navigating Winter Waters: Unconventional Strategies with Mac BrownAll Things Social MediaFollow Mac on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.In the

Join Marvin Cash on The Articulate Fly fishing podcast for an East Tennessee Fishing Report with guide Ellis Ward, covering exceptional streamer fishing conditions on the South Holston River. Ward breaks down the perfect storm of factors creating explosive brown trout action: pre-spawn behavior, shad kills from dissolved oxygen events and ideal atmospheric conditions that produced multiple fish over 20 inches in single sessions. This fly fishing podcast delivers expert troubleshooting for anglers struggling with streamer refusals, as Ward addresses a detailed listener question about converting follows into hookups. Learn critical techniques for maintaining direct line contact, the importance of "kill" pauses in your retrieve and strategic fly placement near structure where predator-wary browns feel secure enough to eat. Ward explains why jerk stripping and shooting line sabotage hookups, how to adjust retrieve cadence for moody fish and when to dramatically change fly size to trigger strikes. The episode covers post-shad kill windows, lake turnover impacts and prime January-February post-spawn streamer opportunities on Tennessee tailwaters.To learn more about Ellis, check out our interview!Related ContentS7, Ep 14 - The Streamer Playbook: Tips and Tactics for Targeting Big Trout in East Tennessee with Ellis WardS6, Ep 142 - Winter Musky Adventures and Streamer Tactics with Ellis WardS7, Ep 50 - The Art of the Follow: Streamer Strategies and Fishing Tales from East TennesseeS6, Ep 139 - Exploring East Tennessee's Changing Waters with Ellis WardAll Things Social MediaFollow Ellis and Flyzotics on Instagram.Follow Ellis on YouTube.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand?

Join The Articulate Fly's latest Central PA Fishing Report as host Marvin Cash checks in with George Costa from TCO Fly Shop in State College for critical fall fishing updates. With much-needed rain finally arriving in central Pennsylvania, George breaks down how the changing water conditions are transforming local trout streams. Streamer fishing is heating up as flows increase and water gains color, creating ideal conditions for aggressive fall trout. George reports consistent olive hatches providing sporadic dry fly action throughout the day, though nymphing remains the most productive technique for anglers targeting Pennsylvania limestone streams. Listeners learn essential spawning season etiquette as redds begin appearing, plus insider timing on when streams will clear for optimal weekend fishing. George also provides updates on the developing steelhead run in Lake Erie tributaries as fish begin stacking in the system. Whether you're planning a Central PA trout outing or curious about regional fall conditions, this quick fishing report delivers actionable intelligence for maximizing your time on the water.Related ContentS7, Ep 36 - Central PA Fishing Report with George Costa of TCO Fly ShopS6, Ep 118 - Central PA Fall Fishing Report: George Costa's Tips and TacticsS5, Ep 145 - Central Pennsylvania Fishing Report with TCO Fly ShopS7, Ep 14 - The Streamer Playbook: Tips and Tactics for Targeting Big Trout in East Tennessee with Ellis WardAll Things Social MediaFollow TCO on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube.Support the Show Shop on AmazonBecome a Patreon PatronSubscribe to the PodcastSubscribe to the podcast in the podcatcher of your choice.Advertise on the PodcastIs our community a good fit for your brand? Advertise with us.In the Industry and Need Help Getting Unstuck?Check out our