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It's Part 2 of our back to back with Mo, Sam, and Mara! Let's check out the calls!Caller #3 is Anna who is 43yrs old from Manila. Anna's TOTGA from her teenage years is back in her life 25 years later. He's a hot pakboy seaman and she doesn't know if he's playing games or is this something real. Caller #4 is MJ who is 32yrs old from Manila. MJ is big mad that her LDR boyfriend forgot her birthday. She reacted by blocking him for 11 days. Was that way too much of a reaction?Send more to the Philippines without overpaying. NALA gives you fast, secure transfers with some of the best exchange rates out there.Use promo code MoTwister when you download NALA!Here's the NALA link: https://join.iwantnala.com/MoTwister Also, GTWM is brought ot you by GameZone!FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
Let's kick off a brand new set of GTWM with the BSE girls of GTWM! It's Year 14 Episode 68 of the Podcast! We have all-Manila, all-female caller group with a lot of interesting questions and situations. Let's go get it!Caller #1 is Sara who is 33yrs old from Manila. Sara has a veryvery strong personality but she is always lazy in bed. She tends to attract guy who want to be dominated but she just doesn't have the energy to pull of their desires. Caller #2 is Ria who is 33yrs old from Manila. Ria just agreedto become a sugar baby to the CEO of the company she works for. Her weekly allowance is huge and she doesn'twant to do anything to ruin this set-up even if he is dropping clue that there might be more than this transactional setup.Send more to the Philippines without overpaying. NALA gives you fast, secure transfers with some of the best exchange rates out there.Use promo code MoTwister when you download NALA!Here's the NALA link: https://join.iwantnala.com/MoTwisterAlso, GTWM is brought ot you by GameZone! FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE!You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
Colonel Peter Mansoor, U.S. Army (retired), General Raymond E. Mason Jr. Chair in Military History at The Ohio State University and authors of Redemption: MacArthur and the Campaign for the Philippines, joins the show to discuss the largest campaign of the Pacific War, the liberation of the Philippines. ▪️ Times • 01:08 Introduction • 01:30 Why West Point? • 06:11 Petraeus • 09:55 A huge scale • 11:25 War Plan Orange • 16:25 Inevitable • 20:07 The guerrilla war • 26:53 Mindanao & Luzon • 31:33 Leyte Gulf • 37:52 A do or die campaign • 40:04 Manila • 44:34 Command responsibility Follow along on Instagram, X @schoolofwarpod, and YouTube @SchoolofWarPodcast Find a transcript of today's episode on our School of War Substack
In this special, emergency episode, we dive into the dramatic South China Sea incident this week near Scarborough Shoal. Fresh from Manila, co-host Ray Powell—drawing on his expertise as the Director of the SeaLight maritime transparency organization—takes the "guest" seat to unpack the events with co-host Jim Carouso. The discussion highlights the escalating China-Philippines tensions, with its implications for regional stability and US alliances.Our hosts describe how a Chinese destroyer slammed into a China Coast Guard vessel while pursuing the much smaller Philippine Coast Guard ship BRP Suluan near Scarborough Shoal on August 11, 2025. The collision crumpled the Coast Guard ship's bow and likely caused casualties. Ray notes the Suluan got within 10.5 nautical miles of the shoal, closer than any Philippine vessel in over a year, which challenged China's undeclared exclusion zone around the contested feature in a way that drew an unexpected military response.Providing context, Ray traces the shoal's history: China's 2012 seizure, the 2016 arbitral ruling affirming traditional fishing rights for all nations (including the Philippines), and recent escalations. Since spring 2024, China has enforced a 25-30 nautical mile exclusion zone, blocking Philippine government vessels and fishermen alike in defiance of the arbitral award. The Philippines' “Kadiwa” mission involved five vessels to provide direct aid to fishermen now forced to operate in exposed waters due to China's denial of the shoal.The hosts analyze the game-changer: the People's Liberation Army-Navy (PLAN) destroyer's direct involvement. This military escalation risked crossing red lines, like President Marcos's 2024 Shangri-La Dialogue statement that a Filipino sailor's death could invoke the US-Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty. Ray speculates the destroyer aimed to intimidate (not ram) the Philippine ship, but that a misjudgement in the other direction could have resulted in a catastrophe in the diplomatic, as well as the maritime, sense.Broader implications emerge: Ray evaluates China's increased presence amid new laws allowing 60-day detentions and new straight-baseline claims around the shoal. Jim and Ray try to separate how this incident relates to Beijing's direct confrontation with Manila versus its indirect contest with the Philippines' ally, the United States.Jim and Ray discuss other dramatic events around Scarborough Shoal this week: a Philippine Coast Guard aircraft faced Chinese fighter jet harassment, and the U.S. Navy conducted its own freedom of navigation operation (FONOP).They also ponder tactical coordination failures between China's navy and coast guard; discuss how Beijing's lionization of the fighter pilot who died during the 2001 EP-3 incident may inspire recklessness; and what it all may mean for a future Taiwan contingency.Wrapping up, they urge reflection on abyss-peering scenarios: What if the collision had sunk the Philippine ship or killed Filipinos? It could trigger a diplomatic crisis and White House treaty decisions, testing US deterrence. For Filipinos, all this took place near an extremely important fishing ground within the Philippines' exclusive economic zone.A potential silver lining? The mishap exposes China's vulnerabilities, and could deter future rash actions–but only if Beijing learns the right lessons. Its recent history, its state media's unwillingness to even acknowledge the mishap, and its blame-shifting suggest it may elect a more confrontational path.
Aldrich Tan is Managing Director at UXPH. UXPH Mini 2025 is a series of smaller, regional UX conferences happening in Davao, Cebu, and Manila. UXPH is the largest non-profit organization created by and for the Filipino design community. UXPH fosters innovation, growth, and mindful design practices across the nation through community events, design conferences, workshops, mentorship, and educational programs. Davao: August 23, 2025. Cebu: September 27, 2025. Manila: October 18, 2025.In this episode | 01:29 Ano ang UXPH? | 02:56 What is UX? | 22:56 How important is UX and design for startups? | 35:30 What is the upcoming UXPH Mini Conference 2025? | 40:36 How can listeners find more information?UXPH MINI 2025 | Website: https://2025.uxph.orgUXPH | Website: https://uxph.org | Facebook: https://facebook.com/uxphofficialTHIS EPISODE IS CO-PRODUCED BY:SPROUT SOLUTIONS: https://sprout.ph, https://bit.ly/SproutPayrollStarterAPEIRON: https://apeirongrp.comTWALA: https://twala.ioSYMPH: https://symph.coSECUNA: https://secuna.ioRED CIRCLE GLOBAL: https://redcircleglobal.comMAROON STUDIOS: https://maroonstudios.comAIMHI: https://aimhi.aiCHECK OUT OUR PARTNERS:Ask Lex PH Academy: https://asklexph.com (5% discount on e-learning courses! Code: ALPHAXSUP)PIXEL by Eplayment: https://pixel.eplayment.co/auth/sign-up?r=PIXELXSUP1 (Sign up using Code: PIXELXSUP1)School of Profits: https://schoolofprofits.academyFounders Launchpad: https://founderslaunchpad.vcHier Business Solutions: https://hierpayroll.comAgile Data Solutions (Hustle PH): https://agiledatasolutions.techSmile Checks: https://getsmilechecks.comCloudCFO: https://cloudcfo.ph (Free financial assessment, process onboarding, and 6-month QuickBooks subscription! Mention: Start Up Podcast PH)Cloverly: https://cloverly.techBuddyBetes: https://buddybetes.comHKB Digital Services: https://contakt-ph.com (10% discount on RFID Business Cards! Code: CONTAKTXSUP)Hyperstacks: https://hyperstacksinc.comOneCFO: https://onecfoph.co (10% discount on CFO services! Code: ONECFOXSUP)UNAWA: https://unawa.asiaSkoolTek: https://skooltek.coBetter Support: https://bettersupport.io (Referral fee for anyone who can bring in new BPO clients!)Britana: https://britanaerp.comWunderbrand: https://wunderbrand.comEastPoint Business Outsourcing Services: https://facebook.com/eastpointoutsourcingDoon: https://doon.phDVCode Technologies Inc: https://dvcode.techLookingFour Buy & Sell Online: https://lookingfour.comNutriCoach: https://nutricoach.comUplift Code Camp: https://upliftcodecamp.com (5% discount on bootcamps and courses! Code: UPLIFTSTARTUPPH)START UP PODCAST PHYouTube: https://youtube.com/startuppodcastphSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6BObuPvMfoZzdlJeb1XXVaApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/start-up-podcast/id1576462394Facebook: https://facebook.com/startuppodcastphPatreon: https://patreon.com/StartUpPodcastPHPIXEL: https://pixel.eplayment.co/dl/startuppodcastphWebsite: https://phstartup.onlineThis episode is edited by the team at: https://tasharivera.com
Latest up from Spoken Label, and the first part of a full length two part Podcast is with LKN. LKN is a poet who won the UK's Wordplay Awards 2023. He was nominated for the Pushcart Prize (2023, 2024), T. S. Eliot Prize (2024) & Forward Prize (2025). He was part of A Given Grace by Squircle Line Press, winning the gold medal, both at America's eLit, and the Independent Book Publishers Awards 2022. LKN has been featured at literature festivals in Toronto, Nottingham and Singapore. His poems were showcased at History Channel's HistoryCon, Weiner Holocaust Library & the Poetry Society of New York, HCE Magazine's Fire & Dust and the Polyglot Magazine.LKN was 1st runner-up at 2019 Singapore Poetry Slam and a finalist at the 2020 Toronto Poetry Slam. He has performed as a busker and street performer in Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Singapore.https://heylink.me/thelknpoetry
Did you know that seagulls in Scotland are stealing food right from people's hands? Or that a couple in the Philippines got married knee-deep in floodwater? Welcome to Adept English, your podcast https://open.spotify.com/show/7ixeOS7ezPTZSaISIx2TTw for learning real English through fascinating news stories!If you're an English learner who wants to understand the news while improving your listening https://adeptenglish.com/english/listening/ skills, you're in the right place. I'll admit—when I first heard about the "seagull summit" in Scotland, I laughed... until I saw the photos! Today's episode is perfect for English learners: short, clear stories with key vocabulary like "dive-bomb," "flooded," and "poison" explained naturally."Evil is the product of a mind that has lost all sense of moral proportion." Christopher HitchensYou'll hear about:- Aggressive seagulls (and why umbrellas are the new fashion in Scotland!- A flooded wedding in Manila—love wins, even underwater!- A true crime mystery from Australia (warning: it's dark.- How puppet vultures are saving an entire species!By the end, you'll not only understand news English better, you'll remember these words https://adeptenglish.com/language-courses/500-most-common-words-course/ because of the wild stories behind them. Ready? Press play to Listen & Learn https://adeptenglish.com/company/learning-system/ English the unforgettable way.Follow and subscribe to our FREE English language podcast, wherever you listen https://adeptenglish.com/english/listening/ or watch your podcasts.
Terima kasih KOSTCON udah ngundang detikcom ke konser menakjubkan ini! Abis ini terbang ke Manila sama Dubai juga aaaah....---Podcast ngedrakor! dipersembahkan Dalam Ruang Produksi Studios, diproduseri bersama oleh Ron & Mal. Episode baru tayang mingguan!Baca berita drama Korea favoritmu di detikpop.comFollow Instagram kami di @podcastngedrakor#PodcastNgedrakor #ngedrakordidetikcom #ngedrakordispotify
The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was a war crime worse than any that Japanese generals were executed for in Tokyo and Manila. If Harry Truman was not a war criminal, then no one ever was.Original article: https://mises.org/mises-daily/harry-truman-and-atomic-bomb
It's Part 2 of our back-to-back BSE episodes with Mo, Sam, and Mara! Let's check on our next batch of callers!Caller #3 is Bea who is 32yrs old from Manila. Bea is only afew years into her marriage yet she is feeling that it might be doomed. Her husband is a seaman and their contrastingpersonalities maybe lead them to call it quits.Caller #4 is Yen who is 33yrs old from Manila. Yen has aten-year friendship with a male co-worker and she recently found out he was cheating on his wife with another girl from work. She is conflicted on whether she should tellhis wife or is her involvement with this guy's life closer to being marites than being actually helpful.Send more to the Philippines without overpaying. NALA gives you fast, secure transfers with some of the best exchange rates out there.Use promo code MoTwister when you download NALA!Also, GTWM is brought ot you by GameZone! FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pato claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang eventevery single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was a war crime worse than any that Japanese generals were executed for in Tokyo and Manila. If Harry Truman was not a war criminal, then no one ever was.Original article: https://mises.org/mises-daily/harry-truman-and-atomic-bomb
The BSE girls are here! Sam and Mara join Mo for anotherback to back set of the Best Show Ever! It's GTWM Year 14, Episodes 65 and 66 coming your way. It's nice to see Mara back from Saudi Arabia for her very successful eSports gig for Honor of Kings! We have an all-female caller lineup, let'sgo!Caller #1 is Luna who is 34yrs old from Berlin, Germany. Luna has a friend in her circle who cannot stop competing with the other moms. From how many teeth their kidshave to who walked first, it's non-stop and the other Filipina moms have started to not invite this girl to events. Luna still wants to save the relationship but is it possible?Caller #2 is Kara who is 28yrs old from Manila. Kara wantsto resigning from her job due to burnout but she doesn't have another one in place yet. Her manager has been supportive but how does she stay in this job with giving the least amount of effort. Is possibly also a case of Gen Z careerfrustration?Send more to the Philippines without overpaying. NALA gives you fast, secure transfers with some of the best exchange rates out there.Use promo code MoTwister when you download NALA!Send $50 → Get $20 bonusSend any amount → Enter to win $100 in NALA credit10 winners across 10 episodes (starting August 1)Winners announced every episode starting August 1$100 credited straight to your NALA walletGiveaway runs from Episode 3 to Episode 12Must use the promo link and code to qualify.$20 promo credit is unlocked after your first $50+ transfer.$100 giveaway: Send any amount as a first-time NALA user to enter.Winners must provide the email and phone number used for registration.Available for users in the U.S., UK, and EU, 18+ only.One prize per person during the promo.NALA reserves the right to verify eligibility.also GTWM is brought to you by GameZone!FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
It's Part 2 of our back-to-back episodes with Mo and Alex! Let's check out the calls!Caller #3 is Jam who is 25yrs from Cagayan. Jam's GF cheated on him in response to a cheating episode he did. Can this eye for an eye setup really be a "quits na tayo" thing or does it mean the relationship needs to be called quits.Caller #4 Ken who is 30yrs old from Manila. Ken called a fewepisodes ago stating he was sleeping with his boss for 9 years. His boss left him for a new guy in the office but now it's the new guy who is DM'ing Ken with flirtatious messages. Send more to the Philippines without overpaying. NALA gives you fast, secure transfers with some of the best exchange rates out there.Use promo code MoTwister when you download NALA!Send $50 → Get $20 bonusSend any amount → Enter to win $100 in NALA credit10 winners across 10 episodes (starting August 1)Winners announced every episode starting August 1$100 credited straight to your NALA walletGiveaway runs from Episode 3 to Episode 12Must use the promo link and code to qualify.$20 promo credit is unlocked after your first $50+ transfer.$100 giveaway: Send any amount as a first-time NALA user to enter.Winners must provide the email and phone number used for registration.Available for users in the U.S., UK, and EU, 18+ only.One prize per person during the promo.NALA reserves the right to verify eligibility.also, GTWM is brought to you by GameZone!FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
The guys are back together once again ready to dish out all the gacha talk they'd kept locked up this past month
Michael Klönhammer und Daniel Klose gewinnen die beiden Turniere der Next Gen in Sindelfingen. Im bekannten Skispringer-Ort Lilleström (Quatsch, das ist ja Lillehammer) spielt sich ein hoch spannendes Darts-Drama ab. In der Nähe von Manila bringt sich ein WM-Evergreen in Stellung für die Ally-Pally-Qualifikation. Außerdem: der Blick nach Australien, ein richtiger Siegertipp (Stowe Buntz) im US-Bundesstaat Indiana und die nächste Doppel-Quali von Niko Springer. Gefüllt wie eine sogenannte "bunte Tüte" beim Kiosk des Vertrauens: Checkout
The start of August brings a bunch of Good Times as Mo and Alex kick off your new week/month with a back-to-back set of episodes! Join us as we take a rare all-male caller lineup, filled with some mid-20's drama. Caller #1 is Ryan who is 25yrs old from Manila. Ryan'sfiancé's was sexually assaulted by her brother-in-law. Her parents have swept the incident under the rug to "save face" and now they want her and Ryan to move in with them -- where BIL is often at. How can Ryan justify to the parents that this move isn't happening no matter how much they insist? Caller #2 is Carlo who is 26yrs old from Toronto. Carlo isgetting close to a co-worker who has a boyfriend abroad. He wants to ask the boys if the signs she's giving are flirtatious and if he has a chance to sweep in and steal her away.Send more to the Philippines without overpaying. NALA gives you fast, secure transfers with some of the best exchange rates out there.Use promo code MoTwister when you download NALA!Send $50 → Get $20 bonusSend any amount → Enter to win $100 in NALA credit10 winners across 10 episodes (starting August 1)Winners announced every episode starting August 1$100 credited straight to your NALA walletGiveaway runs from Episode 3 to Episode 12Must use the promo link and code to qualify.$20 promo credit is unlocked after your first $50+ transfer.$100 giveaway: Send any amount as a first-time NALA user to enter.Winners must provide the email and phone number used for registration.Available for users in the U.S., UK, and EU, 18+ only.One prize per person during the promo.NALA reserves the right to verify eligibility.and...GTWM is brought to you by GameZone!FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
Send us a textCrime Station сувагт тавтай морилно уу.Болсон бодит гэмт хэргийн түүхүүд танд хүрч байна. Бодит амьдрал дээрх хамгийн аймшигтай, хамгийн их дуулиан тарьсан хэргүүд, алдартай цуврал алуурчид, тайлагдашгүй хэргүүд, сэтгэл түгшээсэн мөрдөн байцаалтуудыг долоо хоног бүрийн -Мягмар-Бямба гариг бүрийн 10:00/Монголын цагаар/ та бүхэнд дэлгэрэнгүй өгүүлэмж, дүгнэлтийн хамт хүргэхээр хичээдэг билээ.Бидэнтэй холбогдохыг хүсвэл Instagram:/@crime_station/ https://www.instagram.com/crime_station?igsh=OTRud2VkYjNvZGoy&utm_source=qr Имэйл: crime.stationpodcast@gmail.com (Бизнесийн хамтын ажиллагаанд)Youtube: https://youtube.com/@crime_station?si=TX9LmVtf7V9vHLlESpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2iwV2IihLWO0IfKkK54dJN?si=aNFqLdUmSe6ybmTMJbai3w Amazon music: https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/7da7af6c-40d8-459d-ae74-8a74c60a6309/crime-station-podcast Stay curious! Stay safe!#truecrime #unsolvedmysteries #crimedocumentary Support the showwww.minimal-room.comАдминых нь Small business
Our show is best watched on YouTube:https://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/PhilippinesFrom tropical escapes to vibrant city life, the Philippines is full of surprises and it's even better when explored with points and miles. We cover the best award flights, points hotels, and underrated destinations across the islands. Plus, we include actionable tips for navigating Manila's airport and the must-try food and activities.Thank you to Kris from https://www.instagram.com/the_frugal_tourist for joining us as a guest co-host!Learn about points and miles in our Elevate course and community:https://letsgettothepoints.com/elevateCredit Card Links: http://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/CreditCardsSign up for our newsletter:https://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/JoinOurEmailWebsite: https://www.letsgettothepoints.com/Email: letsgettothepoints@gmail.comIG: https://www.instagram.com/letsgettothepoints/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@letsgettothepointsEXCLUSIVE TRAVEL DISCOUNT CODES:https://letsgettothepoints.com/tools/Seats.aero: Award Flight Search EngineUse Code: LETSGETPRO for $20 off the first yearhttps://seats.aero/Sign up for Award Email Notifications from Straight To The PointsUse Code: LGTTP20 for 20% off the annual planhttps://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/StToThePointsTravel Freely: The FREE site we use to stay organized and track our 5/24 statushttps://my.travelfreely.com/signup?bref=lgwCardPointers: Save Money and Maximize Your Spend Bonuseshttps://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/CardPointersMaxMyPoint: Hotel Rewards CheckerUse Code: LGTTP for 20% off the first year of your Platinum Subscription https://maxmypoint.comON TODAY'S SHOW:0:00 Intro1:33 The Philippines on Points and Miles3:26 How Well Do You Know The Philippines?11:41 The Best Flights to The Philippines with Points and Miles33:47 Off the Beaten Path on the Way to 100 Countries38:13 Hotels in The Philippines with Points and Miles50:35 Food and Activities in the Philippines53:33 Tips for the Manila AirportLISTEN TO US ON THE GO: Apple Podcast: https://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/ApplePodcastSpotify:https://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/SpotifyThank you for supporting our Channel! See you every Friday with a new episode!Support this podcast: https://go.www.letsgettothepoints.com/SupportUsDisclaimer: The content is for informational purposes only, you should not construe any such information or other material as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.Advertiser Disclosure:This video may contain links through which we are compensated when you click on or are approved for offers. The information in this video was not provided by any of the companies mentioned and has not been reviewed, approved, or otherwise endorsed by any of these entities. Offers are current only at the time of the video publishing date and may have changed by the time you watch it.Let's Get To The Points is part of an affiliate sales network and receives compensation for sending traffic to partner sites, such as CardRatings. Let's Get To The Points and CardRatings may receive a commission from card issuers.This compensation may impact how and where links appear on this site. This site does not include all financial companies or all available financial offers. Terms apply to American Express benefits and offers. Enrollment may be required for select American Express benefits and offers. Visit americanexpress.com to learn more.Opinions expressed here are the author's alone, not those of any bank, credit card issuer, hotel, airline, or other entity. This content has not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by any of the entities included within the post. The content of this video is accurate as of the posting date. Some of the offers mentioned may no longer be available.
Join us as we chat with The Thinkers all the way from the Philippines. It was a lot of fun learning a bit about the music scene in Manila. We also talked about how much Filipinos love karaoke and got a fun response to our bonus question that we had never considered. Give it a listen and enjoy!Find the music and artists referenced this week here: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/4eSxbbsaNo2osgdHljBl9i?si=7b72ba868fb44fdeFind The Thinkers here: @thethinkersoundWatch the Music Video Discussed here:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdT8ixdxPX4https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0HSD_i2DvA&list=RDK0HSD_i2DvA&start_radio=1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c18441Eh_WE&list=RDc18441Eh_WE&start_radio=1Please send concert/event stories and questions to girlsattherockshowpod@gmail.comPlease follow us on IG, Facebook, and TikTok @girlsattherockshowpod*Note: We plan to read concert/event stories and questions on the podcast so if you would like to remain anonymous, please let us know. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Patrick DeHeer, who shares his incredible 33-year journey in podiatry, from treating NBA players with the Indiana Pacers to performing life-changing surgeries in Haiti and the Philippines. We talk about innovation in podiatry, global medical missions, and why teaching the next generation keeps him inspired. We also explore leadership, international outreach, his invention of the Aquinas Brace, and why he's more excited than ever to lead the profession forward. If you're a podiatrist or healthcare professional looking for a dose of purpose, passion, and perspective, this one's a must-listen. “My goal is to leave the profession better than I found it.” If you're enjoying the Podiatry Legends Podcast, please tell your podiatry friend and consider subscribing. If you're looking for a speaker for an upcoming event, please email me at tyson@podiatrylegends.com, and we can discuss the range of topics I cover. Don't forget to look at my UPCOMING EVENTS Do You Want A Little Business Guidance? A podiatrist I spoke with in early 2024 earned an additional $40,000 by following my advice from a 30-minute free Zoom call. Think about it: you have everything to gain and nothing to lose, and it's not a TRAP. I'm not out to get you, I'm here to help you. Please follow the link below to my calendar and schedule a free 30-minute Zoom call. I guarantee that after we talk, you will have far more clarity on what is best for you, your business and your career. ONLINE CALENDAR Business Coaching I offer three coaching options: Monthly Scheduled Calls. Hourly Ad Hoc Sessions. On-Site TEAM Training Days around communication, leadership and marketing. But let's have a chat first to see what best suits you. ONLINE CALENDAR Facebook Group: Podiatry Business Owners Club Have you grabbed a copy of one of my books yet? 2014 – It's No Secret There's Money in Podiatry 2017 – It's No Secret There's Money in Small Business (Un-Edited Podcast Transcript) Tyson E Franklin: [00:00:00] Hi, I am Tyson Franklin and welcome to this week's episode of the Podiatry Legends Podcast. With me today is Dr. Patrick Deheer, DPM from Indianapolis, Indiana. Now, if you recognise the name, 'cause it wasn't that many episodes ago, episode 373 when Patrick was on here with Ben Pearl, and Patrick Agnew. We were talking about Podiatry, student recruitment, research, and unity. So if you missed that episode. You need to go back and listen to it. But I picked up pretty early, , when I was talking to Patrick that he's had a pretty amazing Podiatrist career, which is why I wanted to get him back on the podcast. And when I looked through his bio and I saw how much you have actually done, I started to question how many podiatry lifetimes have you actually had? It's I'm looking through your BIO and I've gone. Where, how, where did you find the time to do all this? It's amazing. Patrick Deheer: Thank you. I get asked that question a lot, but I think it's just, I really love what I do and I have a hard time saying no. Tyson E Franklin: It has [00:01:00] to be because I picked that up when we were, did the other episode and you said that towards the end you said, I just love being a Podiatrist. Mm-hmm. And it was actually refreshing to hear someone say that, especially. How many years have you been a Podiatrist for now? Patrick Deheer: So I graduated from Podiatrist school at the Shoal College in 1990. I did a one year residency back then I'm from Indiana. I wanted to come back. All the residencies in Indiana were just one year. And then I did a fellowship with, which there weren't even fellowships after at that point, but I did a fellowship for a year after that. So I had two years of training and so I've been in practice for 33 years in total. Tyson E Franklin: Okay. I've gotta ask a question. Why Podiatrist? How did you get into Podiatrist in the first place? Patrick Deheer: Yeah, that's interesting. I went to Indiana University and I went to school as a pre-dental major and I was gonna be a dentist. And somewhere in my second year, I visited my dentist and I realised that was not a good choice [00:02:00] and, there were several things that didn't resonate with me, and at that point I wasn't sure what I wanted to do. So I was considering marine biology and some other things, and my counselor at IU actually recommended Podiatrist and I didn't know anything about it. And I was, had a, I was talking on the phone with my dad who played golf with a Podiatrist, and he said, well, I know Dr. Ralph Gibney, and he would, I'm sure you could visit him. I did and he loved his job. His patients loved him. He did surgery, had a normal lifestyle. I saw patients leave his office happy, like immediately feeling better. Yeah. He was very successful, just kind and generous and I was like, I can do, I could do that. That looks like a great career and I think. Being really involved with student recruitment, the secret sauce for sure is when a prospective student visits a Podiatrist, just like my experience was so many years ago. They see people who are happy, who love what they do, whose patients appreciate them, who they can help immediately. Feel better. And then, you have the [00:03:00] whole gamut of things you can do within Podiatrist, from diabetic limb salvage to sports medicine to pediatrics to total ankle replacements. So it really gives you a wide range of subspecialties within the profession. So you said you Tyson E Franklin: went Patrick Deheer: to Indiana University, is that right? Yes. Okay. Did you play basketball there as well? I didn't, my dad did. My dad was a very well known basketball player. I love basketball and I'm six foot five, but he was six foot 10 and oh geez, I'm not, I'm not as athletic as he was, but I love basketball. Basketball's been a big part of my life. And that's one of the reasons I was really excited to work with Indiana Pacers, which I was there team podiatrist for 30 years. Tyson E Franklin: I saw that. So you finished in 1990 and from 92 to 2022. You were the Podiatrist for the Indiana Pacers. Yes. How did you score that gig? Patrick Deheer: Well, there's a couple things that happened that led to that. One my mentor was Rick Lde, who was a really big name in [00:04:00] Podiatrist at that point in time nationally and internationally for that fact. He brought arthroscopy into Podiatrist. He was doing it unofficially. And then my dad, like I mentioned, was a big time basketball player. He was actually drafted by the Indiana Pacers in the late 1960s. Oh. And so they knew the name and they worked with Rick Lde and they wanted somebody in more of an official capacity than he had been doing it. And I was in the right place at the right time and I got along really well with the trainer, David Craig. And it just was a great relationship for 30 years. And I take it, you still go to the games? Occasionally. So, they made a change on the orthopedic whole team back in 2022 and they're like, well, we're gonna change everything. And I was like, okay, that's fine. I've done it for 30 years. That was enough. And they had a really nice on the court celebration for me where they recognised me before a game and gave me, I have a couple different jerseys that they've given me, but they gave me one with the number 30 on it to celebrate my 30 years. Oh, that's cool. It was really cool and [00:05:00] it was really fun working with professional athletes. There's a whole sort of nuance to that that I, a lot of people unfortunately don't get experience, but it is it can be challenging. It can be very hectic at times. There's, there can be a lot of pressure involved with it also but it's also incredibly rewarding. Tyson E Franklin: So as, as the Podiatrist for like. Uh, a basketball team at that level. What was it? Was it a a, a daily contact you had with them or was it something once a week you caught up with the players or they only came into your clinic when there was an issue? Patrick Deheer: More the latter, I would say, but I usually would see them at the beginning of the season, help with our orthotic prescriptions and evaluate them, and then as needed. Oftentimes the trainer would call me and ask me to either come to a game or practice and then occasionally they'd have the players would need something more urgent and they would come to my office. But it varied from year to year quite a bit on how much I did on just based on how much they needed me. Tyson E Franklin: Did you go along to the games when you [00:06:00] were the team Podiatrist at the time? Patrick Deheer: Yeah. Not all of them, but definitely some of them. And, they would, the Pacers are such a great organization. They actually had. Every medical specialty as part of their healthcare team and including like, pediatrics for the players kids. And so at the beginning of every year, they would have a a sort of a team doctor reception dinner, and then we would, they'd have a lottery for tickets for us for the games. They would have usually the general managers there and the coach and a player too. And we gotta interact with them and talk with 'em and hang out with 'em. It was just always really fun and the Pacers are just a first class organization and they were great to work with. Tyson E Franklin: What made you decide it was time to. Hang up the boots and not do that. Honestly, Patrick Deheer: it wasn't my decision. It was theirs. They were changing the whole orthopedic team, and yeah, and that's, that happens in sports and especially high levels like that. And initially I was a little bit caught off guard. I can't lie about that, but once I came to terms like, I've done this for a long time Tyson E Franklin: it's okay. [00:07:00] Yeah, I know because we have the Cairns Taipans where I live in the National Basketball League, and it was interesting when they first kicked off 20 something years ago, I was the Podiatrist for the team. Did that first two years. Then all of a sudden there was a change of coach. And they dropped us and just went with another. Podiatrist and we went, well, what the, and we're talking to the team doctor go, what happened there? He goes, oh, I had no control over it. This person knew this person and they've made that decision. I went, oh, okay. Anyway, it only lasted about five months, I think, with the other person. The next minute the coach was ringing up saying, please, we need you to come back. And I'm like, ah, I don't wanna do it now. And they're going, please. So we did, and we did it for the next 15 years. It was a long period of time, but we had a really good arrangement with them. Same thing, doing screens at the beginning of the year and we end up having a, like a corporate box at the game. So we were at every home game and we did a bit of a deal with them to actually get that, [00:08:00] which would be a lot cheaper in the NBL than in the NBAI bet. Yeah. Their budget would be a lot, a lot smaller too in the NBL over here than the NBA. It's crazy sports money over there. Yes it is. Had you worked with other sporting teams as well, or basketball was Patrick Deheer: the main sport you were involved in? Basketball? I worked with the women's. We have A-A-W-N-B-A team also, so I worked with them for a few years, not nearly as long as the Pacers but I worked with them. And then we have a college in Indianapolis called Butler University. I worked with 'em for a few years, but it was again, the basketball team. But I will say. Because of working with professional athletes, I do tend to get athletes from all different types of sports coming to my private office but now official capacity with another team. Tyson E Franklin: So with your career after you graduated and then you did your residency, which was one year back when you did it and you decided you were gonna stay in Indiana, what was the next stage of your career? Patrick Deheer: I've had a [00:09:00] interesting employment history. I worked, went to work for a large group where Rick Lundine, who was my mentor, was one of the owners, and then he left the group after about three years and then went to work for a hospital. So then I followed him and went to work for a hospital for a few years, and then we formed a multi-specialty group. Then I worked in that for a few years and I was like, I think I can do better on my own. So then I was out in practice private practice by myself for several years. And then about four and a half years ago or so the private equity involvement in medicine in the United States has really taken off. And it started in other specialties in medicine, but it hit, it was ha happening in Podiatrist then and still is for that matter. And I was approached by three or four different private equity firms that wanted to buy my practice and have me be involved with their company. And I enjoy, I sold my practice to Upper Line Health back then, and I've been part of that group since. Tyson E Franklin: With um, that transition into private practice, did you, did your practice cover all aspects of [00:10:00] Podiatrist or did you specialize in particular area? Patrick Deheer: I've done everything and I really enjoy all components of Podiatrist. My the things that I'm probably most known for. I'm a big reconstructive surgeon, so I do a lot of reconstructive surgery and I do a lot of pediatrics. Those are probably the two biggest things that I'm most, known for I'm also a residency director in at Ascension St. Vincent's, Indianapolis. And, but I've worked with residents my whole career. I've been a residency director for about six or seven years now. And but I've enjoyed teaching residents for, 33 years basically. And also you go to Haiti and do reconstructive surgery there. So, international medicine has been a big part of my career. I've been on 30 trips total around the world. I've been to several countries. The first one was in 2002. I went to Honduras. One of my former residents that I became really close to he was practicing in Little Rock, Arkansas in a large group there, asked him to go with them and he asked me if I [00:11:00] would join him. And so we went to Trujillo and which is on the eastern coast of Honduras. And, that was in 2002. It was a really kind of small hospital. There was about a hundred people on the, in the group that went there. Not all medical, but most medical we would actually take over the whole hospital. And it was something that just like, I just knew that was like me, like that was so, I just loved it so much and I had such an amazing experience that. I went back there twice and the third time I went, I actually brought with my daughter is my oldest child. She was in high school at the time and watching her go through that experience was probably one of my most favorite international trips. She worked in the eye clinic and just seeing her, see her experience and doing international medicine was really rewarding. Then I wanted to start to go to some other places, and then I stumbled on Haiti. And I really got involved with Haiti. I've been there by far the most, and started working in Haiti, [00:12:00] primarily doing Clubfoot. And in Haiti. I met Kay Wilkins, who was a pediatric orthopedic surgeon from Texas, San Antonio. We started working together on the Haitian Clubfoot project. I also, through my experience in Haiti, my first trip with one particular young man who I did surgery on. Who had a really difficult postoperative course. He was about a 12, 13, or 12-year-old boy who I did clubfoot surgery on. And after that first trip when I came back home, about a week later, I called down to the orthopedic surgeon who was covering our cases and taking care of the patients postoperatively. And we did several cases. I had my good friend Mike Baker, who's a Podiatrist residency director in Indianapolis also. And then we had an anesthesiologist from the. Hospital and Steve Offit, who's a Podiatrist who was a resident at the time, we went down together. So I called and asked how everybody was doing. We did maybe 30 surgeries or something, and they said Everybody's fine except for the kid. He had a really bad wound, dehiscence and infection we're gonna have to amputate his leg. And I said, well, [00:13:00] how long can you wait? And yeah, they said Could maybe wait a week or so. This young man, his name is Wilkin. He lived in the middle of Haiti and he had no paperwork, nothing. I was fortunate. I was in a fraternity at Indiana University and two of my fraternity brothers, their dad was our state senator, one of our state senators, and working through his office. In the Haitian embassy in the US we were able to get him a passport and visa. Within a week. There happened to be a group called the Timmy Foundation from Indianapolis and Porter Prince. They brought him up to Indianapolis. I got the hospital where I worked at that time to admit him. And I got a whole team of doctors involved, pediatricians, infectious disease, plastic surgeons, and we got his wound stabilized. Then one night we were going to do this big massive surgery on him and I fixed his other foot and then the plastic surgeons came in and they did a rectus abdominis flap from his stomach and connected it to fill in. He had a big [00:14:00] wound on his medial sort of heel area, and then they did a split thickness skin graft over that. We had to wait until all the regular surgeries were done 'cause everybody was doing it for and then he stayed in the hospital for about a month after that. And then there were some other people from a church who went with us too here. And one of them brought him into his home with his family and they took care of him for about three months while he rehab. And he was on the news, the story was on the news and in the newspaper. And then he some he became a little celebrity and, then some local people helped put him through a private school in Port-au-Prince, and he ended up healing both feet really well and moving on and living his life. And it was a long journey, but through that I really thought there has to be a better way of dealing with Clubfoot. So I started going to the University of Iowa and met Dr. Ponseti and I went out there several times and I got to know Dr. Ponseti pretty well. And I just loved working with him and learning from him. And he was the kind most kind, gentle man I've ever met [00:15:00] in my life. He was in his like 92, 93, somewhere early nineties. Oh, right. At that time, seeing patients and. A quick story. One of the most surreal nights of my life, the last time I was there, he invited me to his house for dinner, and his wife was equally famous in her profession. She, they were from Spain and she was a Spanish literature teacher, a professor. And so I go to their house and I'm having beer and pizza with these two 90 year olds who are incredibly famous respective professions. And it was just, I was just like, I cannot believe this. And then he asked me if I wanted to go up to his office and look at his original Deco Dega paintings. I'm like. Yes, let's go do that. That's, I mean, I still kind of get goosebumps thinking about that because , he is the biggest name in pediatric orthopedics, and being able to learn from him and spend as much time as I did with him was really influential in my career. And to still be performing at that age is incredible. That is incredible. Yeah. [00:16:00] His hands were arthritic at that point, but they were almost in the shape of the way he would mold the cast, the clubfoot cast on children. Yeah. 'cause he had done, the thing I loved about him is, he started. His technique in the fifties and everybody thought he was crazy and nobody understood it, and he just kept putting out research and research. In the sixties it was kites method. In the seventies it was posterior release in the eighties. Everybody's like, we don't know what to do now because none of this stuff works. Maybe we should look at that guy in Iowa. And they started looking at it as research. He just kept putting out research and they're like, this may be the answer. And now it's the standard of care according to the World Health Organization. And his story is just really amazing. I have other colleagues here in the US who spent time with him, like Mitzi Williams and learned from him. He didn't care about the initials after your name, if he wanted to help children and put in the effort to learn his technique and he wanted to teach you. And, he was such a kind gentleman. Like I mentioned before, I've never seen a [00:17:00] 90-year-old man get kissed by so many women in my life. People would just be so, I mean, these moms would be just overwhelmed with their appreciation for him and what he did for so many kids. So Tyson E Franklin: the young boy you were talking about before, who went through all that surgery and eventually you saved his limbs, did you ever catch up with him Patrick Deheer: later years? Yeah. I did. I went back several times and to the school he was at, and then the earthquake happened in 20 10 I think it was. I was, uh, I was signed up for this international mission board and I got called about a week after the earthquake in Porter Prince. And they said, you have to be at the airport and you have to bring your own food, your own water and clothes, and we don't know how long you're gonna be here. And so I had my family meet me at the airport and brought as much to as I could, and I flew from Indianapolis to Fort Lauderdale. And then I was in a small airport in Fort Lauderdale and I got on a private plane with two NBA basketball players in a famous football player [00:18:00] who were going down for the earthquake literally a week after. Desmond Howard Alonzo Morning in Samuel Dallen Bear. And so we went, we were on the same flight together and got into Porter Prince and the, there is like a filled hospital at the UN and a big tent. And I get there and they ask me what I do and I say, I'm a Podiatrist, foot and ankle surgeon. And they're like, what else can you do? And I'm like. I go, I can do wound care. And they're like, okay, you're in charge of wound care for the whole hospital. And so, and they're like, and these guys are gonna help you. And they had these Portuguese EMS guys who were there, there were people from all over the world there helping, and everybody was staying in the airport property, which was adjacent to where the UN was. And, they didn't speak any English. I didn't speak Portuguese. And but we would every day go around and premedicate all the patients in the hospital because they had really the, painful wounds, severe crush injuries, massive wounds all over. And then we'd go back through and I would do [00:19:00] wound debridement and do their dressing changes. And these guys helped me. We developed our own sort of way to communicate with each other. And I ended up being there for about eight days and sleeping on a cot with, no bathrooms available that, we just had to makeshift and eventually they got things set up for all the volunteers. And then I went home and through that I met, and one of my other heroes in medicine was John McDonald and he was. Down really the day after the earthquake from Florida. He was a retired cardiothoracic surgeon who got into wound care and he set up the wound care clinic that I took over. And then after I got back, John asked me if I would work in the wound care clinic that he was starting in Porter Prince and if I'd be in charge of the diabetic limb salvage part. And I said that, I said I would. So then I started working with him in Porter Prince at this Bernard Mes Hospital wound care center. So. Tyson E Franklin: Doing this overseas aid work, you must get a lot of enjoyment outta doing it. Patrick Deheer: I love it. I love it. It's not easy. My last trip last late fall was to the Philippines [00:20:00] and I had some travel issues. My total travel time to get to Manila was about 32 hours or so. And but you know, it made it worth it. The it was such a great experience Tyson E Franklin: do you normally go with a team of podiatrists when you. Go and visit Haiti. Do you have a group of podiatrists you go down with? Patrick Deheer: It varies from trip to trip. The more recent trips I've been on to Kenya and to the Philippines, I've gone with steps to walk, which Mark Myerson, who's a orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon, I've gotten to know real well from lecturing together and teaching together. And he started this nonprofit. And I think there, there aren't many podiatrists that are involved with it. There are a few. But he and I have really bonded and gotten to know each other and he asked me if I'd participate in, I really love how they set up their program 'cause it's very much educational based. And one of the things I learned from Kay Wilkins who I went to Haiti with is it's more about. Teaching and sharing your knowledge and experience instead of just what I call parachute medicine, where you go [00:21:00] in and you do 20 or 30 surgeries. It's really about teaching the teachers, especially if you can teach the teachers. Then it's gonna have a mushrooming effect. So you're gonna help, thousands of people instead of 10 or 20 people. Tyson E Franklin: So you are teaching other surgeons down there how to perform these procedures the right way, or? Patrick Deheer: Yes. Well, just, it's not so much that it's my experience in a lot of developing countries is. So for like, reconstructive type stuff, it's gonna be orthopedic surgeons. If it's more wound stuff, it'll be general surgeons. But it's, they just don't get the specialized training that we have. And so that's one of the things that we can bring is we have this knowledge base that they just haven't been exposed to. There are great, like orthopedic surgeons and do a lot of trauma for example, but they maybe don't do a lot of reconstructive flatfoot surgery or Yeah. Or any, yeah. Sarco or something like that where we can give them the, our share, our experience and knowledge and with steps to walk. I really love it [00:22:00] because there's usually five or so faculty and it's mostly foot and ankle orthopedic surgeons, and then myself and from all over the world. And the first day is. And it's all the orthopedic surgeons and residents from pretty much the whole country come in for this program. And so the first day there's a conference where we as faculty present the next day, they line up these patients for us to evaluate. So we evaluate them. They're actually interviewing us. Why we're evaluating, we're telling them what we think and what we would recommend, and then. The so that's on Tuesday. Then Wednesday and Thursday there are surgeries. And then Friday it's either like a cadaver lab or review the surgeries and it's just really great there for the surgeries, there's two faculty nurse, there's a lead surgeon and an assistant surgeon, and then usually two of the orthopedic residents are also on the case too. So there's usually four people on the case. It's really interesting since I have a strong background in pediatrics this year when we were in Manila, there were a lot of pediatric cases. More than half the cases were pediatrics. And the foot and [00:23:00] ankle orthopedic surgeons really don't do a lot of pediatric stuff. They're usually adults. They, usually it's the pediatric orthopedic surgeons who are doing the kids. And so they made meet the lead surgeon on all those cases which was really interesting. Tyson E Franklin: So are they different groups and organizations reaching out to you or are you searching for areas that you feel may need help? When Patrick Deheer: I first started, I was more me searching and trying to find opportunities. Now that I, my name is known people will approach me. For example, I've been working with a colleague in Barbados. She's a she graduated from Podiatrist school in England, and there are seven podiatrists in Barbados who are all non-surgical. And the country actually has a really high amputation rate. And one of the things that they determined, despite everything else that they're doing to try to help reduce that amputation rate, they just needed surgical Podiatrist to be part of it. And we talked at one of the APMA national meetings a couple years ago, and she asked me if I would come down to Barbados. And so I took two of my residents down a CO about. That was [00:24:00] about a year and a half ago and met with her and went to the hospital and I, I was like, yeah, we could definitely help here. There this things like, if a patient has a bunion, a diabetic patient has a bunion that nobody is fixing that, that then leads to an ulcer because it's such a bad bunion that could have been prevented. And. The problem, and this is pretty common in a lot of countries, is they really don't recognise surgical Podiatrist from a credentialing standpoint. And much so in countries like that, were under the English system, they have to change the law. So the government has to change the laws and a force in of nature. Simone McConney is her name, and she's been working with the government to try to give me an exemption so I can start coming down and demonstrating that we can influence the amputation rate and hopefully reduce that significantly. On that Tyson E Franklin: first trip that you just did, was that more of a reconnaissance trip? It was more to go down there and evaluate the area and what is [00:25:00] actually needed. You couldn't actually go down there and perform surgery. Patrick Deheer: Correct. We did see some, we did see patients at a diabetic center and did some minor things like some and things like that. But yeah, it was more, it's more about, and one of the things I've learned is and people ask me about international medicine all the time. It's not going down and saying, here's what I can do. It's about going somewhere and saying, how can I help? What do you need? And then if you can help fulfill the need. Then great. And really, and especially if that can be centered around teaching the local doctors and working with them. And again, it's not that I know anything that I'm a better surgeon than anybody there. It's just I have this really super sub-specialized training that they haven't been exposed to. And then I can share that with them. Tyson E Franklin: Yeah. I've had a few Podiatrist on the podcast who have done some overseas work and there was one Australian Podiatrist and he's been traveling through South America for the last couple of years. Not doing surgery, but just making up inserts or whatever he can get his hands on. And just [00:26:00] doing general routine foot care on people. Mm-hmm. And educating 'em about footwear and protecting their feet. And he's been doing it for a couple of years now and absolutely loves it. Patrick Deheer: I I mean, I've made some maybe not the best decisions. Like I went to Iraq twice in the middle of the Gulf War, for example. Not this. Up in the world. But and Haiti, I've been in Haiti at times when Haiti was in total civil unrest. But I love it so much that the risk is worth it for me to be able to make a difference in people's lives, but also to share the knowledge and experience that I have accumulated over my 35 years and to pay it forward. Tyson E Franklin: So over this period of time you've done a lot of work overseas and, but you've been on a number of different boards and associations. How important is it is it for you to actually be involved in the profession in that way? Patrick Deheer: Well, when I [00:27:00] finished my residency I was at our state meeting and I was complaining about the quality of the meeting and they were like, okay, that's fine. You can be on the CE committee now, the continuing education committee. I'm like, okay, I'll do that. But don't ask me to get involved in politics 'cause I'm never gonna be doing that. I'm gonna be more in the educational stuff. Look at me now. I'm President elective, at APMA and I've had several board positions and i've been on a million committees. And I will o once I got on the board for our state association and went through all those stages or positions on the state board I really started to enjoy the leadership part of that. I liked trying to help direct where the profession is going and in. My whole thing is to leave it better than I found it. My father-in-law was also a Podiatrist and he passed away about a year and a half ago and is mid eighties. He worked in my office until he is like 82 or 83 and I loved Podiatrist, but he really loved Podiatrist and people like [00:28:00] him. My mentor, Rick Lde. I can, Teddy Clark, who was the a president of APMA from Indiana. He was the first African American president of APMA Earl Kaplan, Dalton Glary, who just recently passed away. All those people paved the way for us who are practicing now, and it's our responsibility to pay for pave the way for those people following us and to continue to advance the profession. And I can really do that at a high level. Being involved in a national organization like APMA. Tyson E Franklin: With the national board in the United States, do you connect with associations in other countries a lot or you don't have much to do with them? Patrick Deheer: N not a lot, somewhat, but I do think there's opportunity. It's been interesting to lecture internationally, like at the International Federation for Podiatrist meetings the global health or the global Podiatrist meetings. Yeah, I'm gonna be the speaker next year for it. And, seeing Podiatrist [00:29:00] grow all throughout the world in the different stages that it's in, in different countries is really encouraging. But I think that we need to first work on the lexicon so everybody's usually in the same. Terminology and then start to, to set some like qualifications to what those things mean. I really think they're, the two terms that need to be used, especially on the international platform, are podiatrists and podiatric surgeons, because yeah they're totally different. And you know what the qualifications are for those, I have my own opinions about, but I think the standards need to be set. And then all the countries who want to see Podiatrist flourish within their country need to figure out a way to meet those standards that have been set. Uh, Feel free to share your opinion, tell us what, what, how you think it should be. Yeah, I mean, I think that to be a Podiatrist, it should be a graduate degree, not my, not an undergraduate degree. And then I think to be a pediatric surgeon, you should have a postgraduate medical educational experience, like a residency program. [00:30:00] And I think those are the two qualifiers. I think board certification should be part of that too to be a pediatric surgeon. But the word, podology is used a lot. Chiropodist has still used some in some places. Yeah. And some of 'em are just like almost a technical degree versus a graduate degree. So I think if everybody could start to agree on some standards and some terminology, then everybody can work towards a common goal and help each other. Tyson E Franklin: , Some part of that I agree. And other parts I can see how other people be going. It's gonna be so confusing to try and get it standardised everywhere. Yeah. It's even the UK system they've started introducing. And if there's anyone from the UK listening this, and if I'm wrong please let me know. But they've introduced like apprenticeships where you don't have to be at the university for the whole four years. You can be doing a lot of your education in the clinic itself, and you go to university at different times and they're calling it like an apprenticeship program. Which [00:31:00] is a completely different pathway again. Patrick Deheer: Right. And in, I think in Canada it's more like an undergraduate degree too. I don't know the speci remember the specifics, but I've lectured in Canada and I've talked to a lot of Canadian podiatrists over the years. But again, not a lot of Canadian podiatrists are doing surgery. Kind of varies from province to Tyson E Franklin: province. Well, in Australia we pretty much finish high school and it's an undergraduate degree. We just go straight in, do Podiatrist. Four years later you come out and you start working. Patrick Deheer: Yeah and may maybe that some sort of hybrid model of that would be great. I just think that. It's an evolving profession and it's such an impactful profession on the healthcare system for all these countries that can improve patients' quality of life, keep people walking, keep people active and healthy dealing with problems like. Diabetes and obesity that are gonna lead to foot problems and reducing the complications associated with those [00:32:00] systemic diseases can really impact the overall healthcare system for countries. So I think it's so important for Podiatrist to be part of that equation, but we, we need to establish what the standards are to really have an impact in those healthcare systems. Tyson E Franklin: Yeah, and even if everybody got together, had a big meeting and you're all agreed, it would still be. Generations for, yeah, for it to roll out completely, because you'd have people that are just graduating now, so they've got a 30, 40 year career ahead of them. Patrick Deheer: For sure. And I think the US has set the standard and I think that, people, something along that line with Australia and England and what you've done and Spain now too, looking at all those models and trying to find something that is everybody can say, okay, this is what it means to be a Podiatrist and this is mean, what it means to be a pediatric surgeon. And then. Work with the support the country's podiatric associations to try to work with their [00:33:00] government to, to make that happen. Tyson E Franklin: This is what I found interesting doing the podcast and what I've enjoyed a lot is where I've had Podiatrist from India, from the UEA, from Mauritius, uk, Canada, South Africa, so many different parts of the world. When you talk to 'em and you go through the processes, everyone goes through. There's a lot of similarities between a lot of countries and then, America is on its own in the way that they actually do things. Patrick Deheer: For sure. I mentioned I graduated from Podiatrist school in 1990. To see the evolution of Podiatrist in the United States, even during my career is really amazing. I'm really proud of where we've. Gotten to, we still have things ways to go to really get to where the profession should be, but I'm really proud of the progress our profession has made during my career. Tyson E Franklin: What would you say has been the biggest change you've seen over your 30 years? Patrick Deheer: I really think [00:34:00] that the diabetic limb salvage has integrated Podiatrist into hospital healthcare systems. And then that has expanded, into things like trauma and into reconstructive surgery. Even more so, I think like in the 1970s here in Indiana, there was only one hospital in the whole state that would let podiatrists operate in the hospital. And that was here in Indianapolis. And now to think that, we can admit our own patients and do total ankle replacements or take trauma call or I'm doing pediatric surgery it's just an amazing how far it's come and, to see that progress. I think a lot of it was led by the diabetic limb salvage component of the profession and integrating that, and that helped to integrate Podiatrist into just the healthcare system and it became a key player and amputation prevention. Tyson E Franklin: So it wasn't one significant moment in time where things changed. It was progression over that period of time. [00:35:00] Patrick Deheer: I think guys like Larry Harless David Armstrong, Larry Lavery Robert Feinberg, Lee Rogers. Those people have really help from a diabetic limb salvage part, integrate the whole profession, I think. Tyson E Franklin: I wanna move ahead a little bit. You invented a thing called the Aquinas Brace. Patrick Deheer: Yeah. So I was running to try to lose weight and I got poster tibial tendonitis and I didn't wanna stop running. And I was wearing orthotics. I was taking some steroid pills but it still was really hurting. And so I realised I had Aquinas like everybody. I needed to stretch, so I was wearing a night splint at night to try to stretch out my calf, and I woke up at two in the morning because they're uncomfortable to sleep in. I looked down, I'm sleeping on my side with my knee bent, and I'm like, this is a complete waste of time. Has to go above your knee, or this is doing nothing. And so that was the genesis of it. I realised the brace needed to go above the knee, and then I also realised the foot position mattered too, that you need to have the foot [00:36:00] supinated so that you can lock them in tarsal joint. And then all the force is gonna be in the hind foot. But also when you supinate the foot, you externally rotate the tibia, which locks the knee. You can't lock your knee into full extension unless your tibia externally rotates via the screw home mechanism. So, that's where the idea came from. I had a friend who was a sales rep. I told him about it and he goes, I know the guy that can help us make this come to reality. So the three of us formed a company called IQ Medical Ricky Heath and John Moore. And I. And then we got brought the brace to market. It was really a learning experience for all three of us. It, like anything took much longer than we thought and cost a lot more money than we thought it would, but it's pretty amazing to see something that you dreamed up in your head, come to life into a real thing. Did you use it on yourself and did you get back running? So this was, it took us about five years from, it really took about five years to get it actually in production. I kept [00:37:00] running though. So Tyson E Franklin: did you end up, being one of your own patients testing this out on yourself. Patrick Deheer: Oh, yeah, I was testing all the sort of different versions of it coming up on myself for sure. I have a size 14 shoe, so it's really pushing the limits on the size of the brace, but I was able to try 'em out as we were going through different ideations of it. Tyson E Franklin: And this is what I was talking about when I did the introduction with you. Where you've had a very successful Podiatrist career. You've been on so many boards and associations and held so many different positions. You're gonna be the next president of the APMA. You've done all this volunteer work overseas, you've invented the Aquinas Brace . with all that going on, what's next? You must have other things in the pipeline you're going, I'm gonna do. I've got more to do. Yeah. Patrick Deheer: I, my favorite thing that I do in Podiatrist is being a residency director. I love it. Okay. I have we have [00:38:00] 12 residents at our program, so we have four per year, or it's a three year residency, and I've become really close to the residents. We have a great program and I just love teaching. I, I love watching the residents develop. We just had a new group start a week ago. So watching 'em develop from July 1st when they start over three years to the June 30th of their third year when they graduate, and I've seen them out. We always have our graduation party in kind of mid-June and it's a kind of a running joke at our residency program that. I cannot get through my speech at their graduation party without getting very emotional because they become like my kids. And yeah I'm so close to them and I'm so proud of them, and I can see what they have to offer to not only their patients but the professional also going forward. And just, it really, it's really something that I love doing and I feel honored to be able to teach them. Tyson E Franklin: So when somebody does Podiatrist in United States, they go to Podiatrist [00:39:00] school, they finish? They get their degree. They've done an undergraduate degree beforehand, haven't they? Then they, yeah. Go to Podiatrist school. If somebody doesn't do residency, they can't work as a Podiatrist. Patrick Deheer: Right. They can't get licensed in the Tyson E Franklin: states Patrick Deheer: any longer Tyson E Franklin: without doing a residency. Yeah. So they do the Podiatrist school. Are there enough positions around the country residencies for everybody who graduates? Patrick Deheer: Yes. There are actually more residency spots now than students. Okay. That's good. Because I'd Tyson E Franklin: heard years ago that sometimes it was a struggle. People would finish and then it was difficult to try and find a residency. I mean, when I was going through it, that was the case. Yeah. And I take it all residencies are not equal. Some are better Patrick Deheer: reputation. Tyson E Franklin: Well, Patrick Deheer: they're all standardised. They're all three year residencies and they're all hold all accountable to the same standards by our governing organization, the Council in Podiatric Medical Education. With that being said, yes, there are some residency [00:40:00] programs that are the leading residency programs for sure. So you Tyson E Franklin: have 12 residencies spots in your program. So there'd be a lot of podiatrists if they really wanted to work with you. Do they contact you while they're in Podiatrist school and start reaching out that way? How do you actually select. He does nce. Yeah. So in, Patrick Deheer: in the US the, and the students during their fourth year rotate through different hospitals. Some, most of the time they're for one month rotations, some are for three month rotations. And it's a little bit of a getting to know each other. It's also part of their educational experience. So they're getting that practical experience and getting out of just the book experience from learning. So we have probably, around 50 to 60 students through the year coming through our residency program as externs. Somewhere between four and or so a month. And then the interviews for residency are always in January, mid-January. And then you rank the students how you like them and they rank the residency programs, how they like them. [00:41:00] And then there's a match that comes out in mid-May and then you find out who you match with. Tyson E Franklin: Okay, so it's not your decision on who actually gets the position. So it doesn't come down to anyone's personal preference that it's an external body that puts them all together. Patrick Deheer: Well, it's not so much an external body it's just you rank your top students and the students rank their top programs. If you pick student, a number one and student a picture, residency, number one, then you're gonna match and they're gonna be one of your residents. Tyson E Franklin: I get It's good to get some insight on how that process actually works, and it's also good knowing there's more residency spots than there are students Patrick Deheer: graduating. Yeah. And while they're here for a month, we get to know them, they get to know us. And then the interviews are part of the mix too. But really, while they're rotating is probably the most important part of it. Because I've had students who were number one in their class who wanted to do our residency, but. It wasn't necessarily a good fit from a culture [00:42:00] standpoint. We are very protective of our culture and sometimes maybe the, top students aren't the be the best fit. I've also had students who were number one in their class who are a great fit, who have been residents at our program too. But we are very protective over the culture. So we wanna look at the the perspective resident global, from a global standpoint and looking at them in the entirety of how they fit in the program. Tyson E Franklin: I think there's a fantastic point that anyone listening to this, even when you were just employing a team member, is you've gotta make sure they fit the culture of your business. Doesn't matter how qualified they are, doesn't matter how many other boxes they tick if they don't fit. It's always gonna be difficult, long term to make it work. Patrick Deheer: Absolutely. I talk to other residency directors and they talk about their challenges with certain, with residents. I never really have any issues with our residents. I think. Part of that is the culture we've established. And part of it is I have two chief residents that are in their third year. The third year residents, two of 'em are [00:43:00] chiefs. I rely really heavily on them. We work very closely. And then I have a program coordinator her name's Carrie and the four of us run the program together. And we all work together. And but everybody is part of it though. We're all, all, so. It would be 12 plus the program coordinator plus me, and we have a clinic, a Podiatrist who runs a clinic. So the 15 of us are all working together, plus we have about 50 podiatrists who are attending surgeons, who our residents work with. So we have a really. Big group of people that we work with, but our residents I, nothing really ever escalates to my level where I've gotta intervene. They just, they all work hard. They all come as willing, eager learners, and I always ask the new residents the same thing to leave the residency program better than they found it. Tyson E Franklin: Have you had anyone that's done the residency that it, they've got halfway through it and just went, this is not working out. We made a mistake. You're not the right fit. Patrick Deheer: Nope. [00:44:00] I, it's interesting I'm known for not being a big fan of fellowships. I think fellowships in the United States have needs to be reigned in. That's another year after training, after residency program are doing, and I think unfortunately, a lot of 'em have become, almost like a fourth year of residency. And fellowships really should be for really specific specialized training. Like if you wanna do diabetic limb salvage or you want to do pediatrics or whatever. But I tell our residents, if you think you need a fellowship because you didn't get adequate surgical training while you were at our residency program, that is my fault. I failed you. And so, in the case that you brought up, that would've been my responsibility. Not the problem of the resident. Tyson E Franklin: So before we wrap up, is there anything else you would like to talk about ? Patrick Deheer: Well, I think one of the other things you asked me about, what excites me now is I started, I invented a surgical a kit for Aquinas surgery for the bowel and gut. And I started a company with three of my sons. [00:45:00] So that's been really fun working with my sons. One of my sons also has a brace company where he sells AFOs and sells the Aquinas brace that I invented. But starting this company with my sons and working with family has been really fun. It some of my most cherished memories were working with my father-in-law when he was still alive and practicing. Even if he was just doing routine care, just hanging out in the office with him and talking shop over dinner and was fun. But I just, i'm really excited about the profession. It's been really great to me and that's why I feel a responsibility to pay it forward and to try to see that it's in a better place than when I entered it. And so that's why I put so much effort into it. I've been in charge of the student recruitment, which we talked about last time, which is another big, yeah. I'm working on right now and I'm really excited about that. And we're looking at expanding that into a branding campaign for the entire profession and getting all the key stakeholders in Podiatrist in the United States involved in that. And it's interesting 'cause osteopathic [00:46:00] medicine to that about. 15 years ago, and it had a really significant impact on osteopathic medicine. I think we can have the same impact on Podiatrist with a national branding campaign where we just elevate the awareness of Podiatrist so people understand what we do and understand that as a potential career for people who are in high school or undergraduate trying to figure out what they want to get into. And it's interesting, we work at a big, our residency's at a big teaching hospital and still their residents in general surgery or neurosurgery who don't really understand what we as podiatrists do, and our residents are interacting with them and say, yeah, oh yeah, we can work on that. And trying to save that limb from being amputated. And they're like, wow, you guys really do that? Tyson E Franklin: And that doesn't surprise me. 'cause nearly anyone I ever talk to when I tell 'em I was a podiatrist and you just explain. What you do, and they go, well, I didn't know you did that. That sounds really interesting. Patrick Deheer: Sure. And I do all parts of Podiatrist and I like all of it. I'm [00:47:00] not above trimming a 90-year-old lady's toenails. I mean, if I can trim a 90-year-old lady's toenails in a corn on her little toe and she walks outta my office and feels immediately better that's an honor for me to be able to help somebody like that. And I take that very seriously. Tyson E Franklin: Okay. Well, on that note, Patrick, I wanna thank you for coming back on the Podiatry Legends Podcast. Sharing part, Oh geez. You sharing part of your story. It's gonna be a smidgen of what you've done. You have done so much. This has been it's been a pleasure having you on here, so thank you very much. Patrick Deheer: It's been awesome having a conversation with You're such a great interviewer. Thank you for having me on. Well, thank you. I'm gonna take that, I'm gonna take, that's a big compliment. Thank you very much. You're really good.
Listen to this juicy rumor: In this episode, would you believe that Dean and Tom ‘spill the tea' on the value and function of gossip and secrecy across cultures? From investigating the use of tsismis in Manila, to eyeing gossip's impact on decision-making in sub-Saharan Africa - plus secrecy's impact on drapery in Brussels - they manage to make a splash at proverbial water coolers in both the Global North and Global South in just thirty minutes…all while serving up some fresh scuttlebutt of their own. Don't believe it? Well, you'll just have to listen for yourself, lest the rumor mill pass you by! ***Subscribe to Dean's Substack here for all of Dean's CultureQuizzes, “Culture's Consequences” articles, and much more!*** Have a cultural question or episode idea? Reach out on X/Twitter & Facebook (@OopsCultureShow) or by email at oopscultureshow@gmail.com. Hosts: Dean Foster & Tom Peterson Audio Production: Tom Peterson & Torin Peterson Music: “Little Idea” – Bensound.com
PREVIEW: PHILIPPINES VS PRC Colleague Victoria Coates comments on the Trump administration's major support for Marcos of the Philippines—and why. [MORE] 1915 MANILA
It's Part 4 of our big GTWM drop! The last episode of theweek and hopefully you guys rode with us the entire time. Here's the last batch of calls! Caller #7 is K who is 47yrs old from Manila. K has beenkicked out of her house with her ex and while she isnt trying to get back together with him, she is leaving 5 million pesos in equity on their house behind. She wants to "bahalna" it but her friends and family want her to fight for her money.Caller #8 is Kimmy who is 38yrs old from Tokyo. Kimmy found her friends husband on Bumble. The million peso question is: Is it worth the headache to get involved by tellingher? Or maybe save the trouble and just keep quiet about it?FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
It's Part 3 of GTWM the Podcast's first ever 4 ep drop. Moand Alex continue their funny life-changing advice with callers from all over the world. Let's go!Caller #5 is Shy who is 33yrs old from Manila. Shy was rapedby her father repeatedly for years. She's disappointed that her mom stuck with her father throughout the ordeal. Now that she has a child of her on, she's been trying to remove her family from his life, but mom keeps reaching out on Facebook and Shy wants them to not communicate. Caller #6 is James who is 25yrs old from Manila. James' newgirlfriend is selosa compared to his last ex. But is it really she's too selosa or perhaps she's acting appropriately considering the modern climate of cheating. FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
Last time we spoke about the fall of Wewak. In June 1945, Allied forces, led by General George Stevens, intensified their campaign to capture the strategic town of Wewak in New Guinea. After years of grueling combat, they relentlessly pressed against entrenched Japanese defenses, including the remnants of General Mano's 41st Division. The Australians achieved critical victories by securing vital supply routes and establishing new airfields, facilitating their advance. By May 8, after intense fighting, Australian troops effectively seized Wewak Point, eliminating entrenched Japanese soldiers in bunkers and caves. Despite suffering casualties, the Australians distinguished themselves through bravery and tactical ingenuity. Ultimately, the successful capture of Wewak marked a pivotal moment in the Pacific campaign, showcasing the determination and spirit of the Allies as they pushed towards victory in the Pacific Theater, bringing an end to a crucial chapter of the war. This episode is Operation Downfall Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945. After the fall of Okinawa, the Allies were mopping up campaigns across the Asia-Pacific and planning for what was assumed to be the most cataclysmic battle yet, the invasion of the Japanese home islands. First we are going to travel back to Luzon. By mid-June, General Krueger's 6th Army had successfully captured all key objectives in northern Luzon, southern Luzon, and the area east of Manila, which serves as the capital of the Philippines. Although General Yokoyama's poorly equipped 41st Army had been rapidly scattered and forced into hiding, General Yamashita's Shobu Group still retained enough strength to continue its resistance in northern Luzon. The Shobu Group was primarily gathering its units in a desperate last-stand position along the rugged valley of the Asin River, an area known for its difficult terrain. Interestingly, General Krueger underestimated Yamashita's strategic intentions, still expecting him to make his final stand in the Cagayan Valley, located in the northern part of Luzon. With this assumption, Krueger believed that if General Beigthler's 37th Division could maintain its rapid advance towards Aparri, situated at the northern tip of Luzon, they might be able to conclude the Luzon Campaign in a pivotal stroke. However, intelligence indicated that units of the Shobu Group were retreating into the Cordillera Central mountain range, a formidable natural barrier, located between Routes 4 and 11. In response, Krueger ordered the 1st Corps to exert strong pressure on this mountainous region from the north, south, and west. To implement this strategy, General Swift directed the 6th, 25th, and 33rd Divisions to clear the supply route between Baguio and Aritao, ultimately sealing off Yamashita's last-stand position from the south. Meanwhile, Colonel Volckmann's guerrilla forces were instructed to advance east from Cervantes to capture the crucial junction of Routes 4 and 11 at Sabangan. Recognizing the importance of controlling key roadways, the 63rd Regiment was tasked with pushing up Route 4 to seize the strategic location of Kiangan. In the south, the 130th Regiment began probing southeast towards Pigkian, while the 20th Regiment continued to apply pressure on the remnants of the now-battered 2nd Tank Division. Ultimately, General Iwanaka's weakened forces narrowly avoided entrapment along the Bambang-Pingkian road, retreating northward via treacherous mountain trails and river valleys. They reached the Tubliao area just as early July arrived, illustrating the persistent and relentless nature of this campaign. Looking northward from Cervantes, Volckmann's guerrilla fighters launched attacks toward both Mankayan and Sabangan. By the end of June, their efforts had pressured the beleaguered 19th Division to hastily withdraw from Bontoc, a significant town located in central Luzon, and Sabangan. However, General Ozaki's forces maintained a formidable defensive position at the Lepanto Mine, an area known for its mineral wealth and strategic significance. On June 16, the 63rd Regiment began its advance up Route 4, which runs north through the central highlands toward Kiangan, a town that was critical for controlling the region. By the evening of the following day, American forces had successfully breached the defensive line established by the 105th Division at the Rayambugan Farm School, a local educational institution that was repurposed for military use during the conflict. Continuing their push, the 63rd Regiment encountered the main defenses of General Tsuda on June 19 along Route 4. However, over five days of fierce fighting, utilizing only one battalion for the attack, gained little ground for the Americans. Recognizing the need for greater force, they reinforced their assault on June 24. By June 26, the 63rd began to break through towards Hucab, a small settlement, and by June 29, they had overcome the last organized resistance in the area. Meanwhile, the 37th Division also made significant advances. Resuming its drive up Route 5 on June 17, the 148th Regiment successfully pushed forward to Naguilian, a town that marks a key waypoint on this route. Two days later, the front-line troops reached Bangag, yet here they encountered increased resistance. They were now facing elements of Major-General Yuguchi Shuntaro's 80th Brigade, which was attempting to move south along Route 5. In a series of running engagements from June 19 to 23, the 37th Division inflicted heavy casualties, killing over 600 Japanese soldiers and capturing nearly 285 more in the challenging fifteen-mile stretch between Bangag and Balasig. The remnants of the Yuguchi Force were ultimately forced to retreat eastward into the rugged and uncharted wilderness of the Sierra Madre mountain range, illustrating the intense and chaotic nature of the conflict. General Krueger deemed it essential to execute an airborne operation over the northern Cagayan Valley to ensure the success of the 37th Division's advance. It's possible that Krueger's motivation also stemmed from a desire to secure northern Luzon before the 8th Army took control of operations, which was scheduled for July 1. Despite contrary reports from various sources, including the United States Armed Forces in the Philippines Northern Luzon, 1st Corps, the 37th Division, and ALAMO scout teams, Krueger concluded that Japanese forces in the Cagayan Valley were retreating "in wild disorder on Highway 5 towards Aparri." It's worth noting that, in actuality, the general movement of Japanese troops had been southward for weeks, and no Japanese unit intended to take refuge in Aparri, a flatland area surrounded by mountains that made it a poor defensive position. Based on his assessment of the situation, Krueger decided that in order to achieve the complete destruction of the fleeing enemy forces, he would launch a vertical envelopment of airborne troops to close any escape routes and prevent the Japanese from evading capture in Aparri. Consequently, on June 21, Krueger ordered a battalion combat team from the 511th Parachute Infantry of the 11th Airborne Division to parachute near Aparri on June 23. However, on June 21, the Connolly Task Force entered Aparri without facing any opposition. By the evening of June 22, elements of the Task Force had advanced ten miles south along Route 5, managing to secure the Camalaniugan Airstrip, a crucial airfield integral to the logistics of both sides. Despite the successes of the reinforced Connolly Task Force, Krueger did not change his mind about the desirability and necessity for the airdrop. Instead, he concluded that the "seizure of Aparri without opposition by elements of the Connolly Task Force on 21 June 1945, together with the almost unopposed advance of the 37th Division, indicated clearly that the time had come for mounting the airborne troops to block the enemy's retreat in the Cagayan Valley." It is not clear just what retreat Krueger expected to block. On the morning of June 23, the paratroopers dropped into Camalaniugan unchallenged and immediately began their advance southward to make contact with the 37th Division. That same day, the 129th Regiment took over the offensive, heading north towards Tuguegarao, a significant town in the region. Tuguegarao fell without resistance by June 25. By nightfall, forward elements of the 129th had pushed ten miles beyond Tuguegarao, reaching the town of Iguig. The following day, June 26, the forces made contact with the paratroopers at the Paret River, further solidifying their position. By the close of June, Japanese resistance in the Cagayan Valley had subsided, and General Yamashita's Shobu Group, still capable of fighting, found itself encircled in a last-stand area that would become known as the Kiangan Pocket, named by the Filipino-American forces engaged in its reduction. As the campaign progressed, the last elements of the 25th and 33rd Divisions were relieved. General Gill's 32nd Division took over control of the Baguio-Ambuclao sector, while the bulk of General Hurdis' 6th Division assembled at Hucab. This marked a significant transition as it signaled the conclusion of operations for Krueger's 6th Army and Swift's 1st Corps. The command would soon shift to General Eichelberger's 8th Army and General Griswold's 14th Corps, who would carry out further operations throughout Luzon. General Griswold's plans called for relentless pressure to be maintained against the Shobu Group, which was concentrated in an area known as the Kiangan Pocket. In line with this strategy, Volckmann's guerrilla fighters continued their assaults towards key locations such as Mankayan, Sabangan, and Bontoc. The 126th and 127th Regiments advanced north along Route 11 and into the Agno Valley, engaging mixed forces from the 58th Independent Mixed Brigade and the 19th Division. Simultaneously, the 20th and 63rd Regiments were preparing to renew their attack against the 105th Division located at Kiangan, as the advance led by General Hurdis had been halted by torrential rains that had severely damaged roads and bridges. Meanwhile, the 1st Regiment made its own push northward along Route 4 towards Banaue, a town famous for its rice terraces and mountainous landscape. On July 9, Volckmann's 15th Regiment finally secured Sabangan. The following day, the 11th Regiment captured Bontoc while the 66th Regiment began to break through the defenses set up by General Ozaki in the Lepanto Mines-Mankayan area. By July 12, Kiangan fell to the 63rd Regiment; however, they soon faced even heavier rains, which compelled General Hurdis to halt his advance once again. On July 20, the 1st Regiment reached Banaue. The next day, they made contact with elements of the guerrilla 11th Regiment at Polis Pass before turning east along Route 389. Here, they aimed to engage a concentration of around 2,500 Japanese soldiers from the 103rd Division and the 4th Air Division. Back in the west, Mankayan also fell on July 20. Five days later, elements of the 15th and 66th Regiments made contact at the junction where Routes 11 and 393 intersect. The 19th Division was withdrawing into the upper Agno Valley to establish defensive positions, blocking the northern, western, and southern approaches to Toccucan, a small but strategically important area. The 15th and 121st Regiments began their assaults toward Toccucan, but they soon encountered remnants of the 19th Division, who proved to be still capable of effective resistance. At the same time, the 66th Regiment moved south along Route 11 to establish contact with troops from the 32nd Division, pressing the offensive forward. Looking east on July 24, the 20th Regiment took over positions at Kiangan and began an advance towards Kiangkiang and the Asin River. However, the Americans encountered greater resistance than anticipated along this route, making only a meager gain of three miles by August 15. At the same time, other units were dispatched south towards Tubliao to block the retreat of General Iwanaka's remaining forces. On July 29, elements of the 66th and 127th Regiments finally established contact near Gambang. They then shifted east into the Agno Valley, close to Buguias, and initiated a southward drive to link up with the 126th Regiment, which they successfully met on August 8. By August 15, Volckmann's guerrillas found themselves four miles short of Toccucan from the northwest and a mile and a half short from the west. In the eastern front, elements of the 1st and 11th Regiments advanced south from Banaue along Route 390, reaching a point about five miles south of Banaue by August 9. That same day, they also cleared Route 389 to the east, securing additional pathways for movement. Additionally, during this time, the 37th Division conducted vigorous patrols east of the Cagayan River, pushing enemy troops deeper into the Sierra Madre mountains. Unfortunately, this relentless pressure resulted in an estimated 1,000 Japanese casualties by August 15. Throughout a month and a half of grueling fighting in steep, treacherous terrain and under miserable weather conditions, the Filipino-American forces struggled to project any significant strength into the Asin Valley. They suffered approximately 1,650 casualties in total. In contrast, the 8th Army estimated that Japanese casualties during the same period reached around 13,500, with many killed or succumbing to starvation and disease. This marked the effective conclusion of the Luzon Campaign, a campaign that would soon be overshadowed by Japan's surrender. General Yamashita estimated in June that he had sufficient supplies to sustain his forces until mid-September. Given the scale of effort the 8th Army was willing to dedicate to the campaign between July 1 and August 15, it seems likely that Yamashita would have met this deadline. When food supplies were depleted, Yamashita planned for his most effective remaining troops to attempt a breakout from the Asin Valley into the mountains of far northwestern Luzon, where he hoped to find more provisions. Those not involved in the breakout were to conduct banzai attacks along all fronts to cover the retreat of the main forces. Yamashita anticipated that whether or not the breakout succeeded, it would signal the complete disintegration of his forces. He even planned to commit hara-kiri amidst the chaos of battle. As a result, the end of the war arrived about a month before Yamashita was prepared to officially acknowledge his defeat. By any measure, the Shobu Group accomplished the delaying mission that Yamashita had envisioned. Throughout the 6th Army's control of operations on Luzon, the maximum commitment of major ground forces against the Shobu Group included four reinforced U.S. Army infantry divisions, one separate regiment combat team, an armored group, Volckmann's , and the Buena Vista Regiment. When hostilities ceased on August 15, the Shobu Group was still "entertaining" three reinforced divisions: the 6th, 32nd, and 37th. Additionally, it had a significantly strengthened, the Buena Vista Regiment, and various other guerrilla units. After the war concluded, approximately 50,500 Japanese troops emerged from the mountains of northern Luzon, with nearly 40,000 of these coming from the Asin Valley's last-stand area. Ultimately, the war ended with about a third of the Shobu Group's peak strength still alive and capable of conducting organized and determined delaying operations. It is clear that, over the seven and a half months since January 9, the Shobu Group executed a remarkably effective delaying action. Despite the circumstances, the 14th Area Army had achieved its objective of tying down as many Allied forces as possible in Luzon. This diversion was critical, as it allowed the Japanese Empire valuable time to fortify its defenses in the Home Islands. Reflecting back to January, General Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko's General Defense Command was operating with a modest force for the land and air defense of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and the Izu Islands. The primary focus had been on building naval and air power for Operation Sho-Go. In Kyushu and southwestern Honshu, the Western District Army, led by Lieutenant-General Yokoyama Isamu, consisted of only the 86th Division and the 12th Air Division. Meanwhile, the Central District Army, commanded by Lieutenant-General Kawabe Masakazu in central Honshu and Shikoku, had the 44th and 73rd Divisions supported by the 11th Air Division. To the northeast, in Honshu and the Izu Islands, General Fujie Keisuke's Eastern District Army maintained the 72nd Division, along with both the 1st and 3rd Imperial Guards Divisions, the 66th and 67th Independent Mixed Brigades, and the 10th Air Division. Additionally, Lieutenant-General Uemura Toshimichi's 36th Army was positioned as a mobile reserve in the Kanto and Shizuoka area, comprised of the 81st and 93rd Divisions, along with the 4th Tank Division. Further north, Lieutenant-General Higuchi Kiichiro's 5th Area Army had deployed the 7th and 77th Divisions, the 1st Air Division, and the 12th Air Fleet stationed in Hokkaido. It also maintained a mixed brigade at Karafuto. Lieutenant-General Terakura Shozo commanded the 27th Army in the Kuril Islands, which included the 42nd and 91st Divisions, along with the 43rd and 69th Independent Mixed Brigades, and the 3rd and 4th Amphibious Brigades, as well as the Chishima 1st Brigade and Naval Base Force. The air situation was equally dire; Japan had only around 550 aircraft available for offensive operations and a total of about 770 aircraft and 1,200 anti-aircraft guns designated for defensive roles. As preparations for Operation Ten-Go unfolded, the air and ground units in Japan underwent significant reorganization in February. This restructuring led to the formation of several military commands, including Admiral Ugaki's 5th Air Fleet based in Kyushu, Vice-Admiral Maeda Minoru's 10th Air Fleet in Kanto, Lieutenant-General Yoshimoto Teiichi's 11th Area Army in northeast Honshu, derived from the now-defunct 27th Army, and additional area armies such as Fujie's 12th in east-central Honshu, Lieutenant-General Okada Tasuku's 13th in west-central Honshu, Kawabe's 15th in western Honshu and Shikoku, and Yokoyama's 16th in Kyushu. The reorganization of high-level military headquarters was not the sole initiative at this time. The Japanese Empire also approved a large-scale mobilization plan that called for the deployment of 42 divisions, 18 independent mixed brigades, and six tank brigades, amounting to approximately 1.5 million personnel. Following the fall of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, and with intelligence indicating that the Soviet Union was redeploying troops from the European theater to the Far East, Japan began preparing for the defense of its homeland. This preparation involved activating the 1st and 2nd General Armies to replace the General Defense Command and implementing Operation Ketsu-Go. The strategy for Operation Ketsu-Go outlined that the Imperial Japanese Army would strive to defeat American forces while their invasion fleet remained at sea. The plan aimed to deliver a decisive blow against the American naval forces by first destroying as many aircraft carriers as possible, utilizing the special attack units from both the Air Force and Navy. As the amphibious forces approached the range of homeland airbases, the entire air combat strength would be deployed for continuous day and night assaults against these ships. The focus of these air operations was to disrupt American landing plans, targeting primarily troop and equipment transports. Should any American forces successfully land, these would be swiftly assaulted by the IJA to secure a decisive victory. The primary objective of the ground operation was to eliminate the American landing force right on the beach. Operation Ketsu-Go was designed as a comprehensive joint defense effort, mobilizing the full capabilities of the Army, Navy, and Air Force. The Navy's essential role was to protect the coasts by attacking invasion fleets using combined surface, submarine, and air forces. The Air General Army would closely coordinate with the Navy to locate and destroy American transports at sea. If the invasion forces succeeded in landing, the local Area Army would take command of all naval ground forces in its assigned territory and would exercise operational control over air units in support of the ground operations. A key component of the Ketsu-Go operational planning involved reinforcing sectors under attack by units transferred from other regions. Given that U.S. air raids had already severely impacted the transportation network, plans were made for troop movements to be conducted on foot. If the battle at the beach held no promise of a successful outcome, the conflict would inevitably shift to fighting inland. To prepare for this, interior resistance was planned. Guard units and Civilian Defense Corps personnel, along with elements of field forces serving as a nucleus, would be utilized as resistance troops. Their mission would involve attriting American forces through guerrilla warfare, espionage, deception, disruption of supply areas, and blockades as enemy landing forces advanced inland. This operation divided Japanese territory into seven zones, where air and naval special attack forces were directed to eliminate invading forces at sea and to establish an aggressive coastal defense. Field Marshal Sugiyama Hashime's 1st General Army established its headquarters in Tokyo, assuming control over the 11th, 12th, and 13th Area Armies. Meanwhile, Field Marshal Hata Shunroku's 2nd General Army set up its headquarters in Hiroshima, overseeing the 15th and 16th Area Armies. Additionally, to provide a cohesive command structure for all Army air units participating in the campaign, an Air General Army headquarters was formed under Kawabe. On the naval front, Admiral Toyoda took command of the General Navy Command, granting him supreme operational authority over all Navy surface and air forces. In the coming months, the Japanese continued to prepare for the anticipated invasion by mobilizing new units and diverting existing forces from Manchuria and other regions. By August, Yoshimoto's 11th Area Army had been reinforced to include seven infantry divisions and two infantry brigades. The 12th Area Army, now under General Tanaka Shizuichi, was significantly larger, comprising 20 infantry divisions, two tank divisions, eight infantry brigades, three tank brigades, three artillery brigades, and one anti-aircraft brigade. Okada's 13th Area Army was organized with six infantry divisions, three infantry brigades, one tank brigade, one artillery brigade, and one anti-aircraft brigade. The 15th Area Army, under the command of Lieutenant-General Uchiyama Eitaro, was formed with eight infantry divisions, three infantry brigades, one artillery brigade, one anti-aircraft brigade, and two tank regiments. Yokoyama's 16th Area Army included a substantial force of 15 infantry divisions, eight infantry brigades, three tank brigades, three artillery brigades, and one anti-aircraft brigade. Additionally, Higuchi's 5th Area Army consisted of six infantry divisions and two infantry brigades. In tandem with these ground preparations, Lieutenant-General Sugawara Michio's 6th Air Army and Ugaki's 5th Air Fleet were assigned the critical role of launching a powerful air counterattack against the American invasion fleet, targeting carriers, gunnery ships, and transport vessels. In conjunction with elements from the 1st Air Army, 5th Air Army, 3rd Air Fleet, and 10th Air Fleet, the Japanese strategy focused on executing strikes against US carriers. For this task, 330 IJNAF aircraft were specifically assigned. An additional 250 aircraft from both the IJAAF and IJNAF were designated to target gunnery ships, while transports would be subjected to round-the-clock suicide attacks over a span of 10 days. Various aircraft types,including trainers, transports, float planes, bombers, and obsolete fighters, would be used in kamikaze missions. The air assaults on the transports would also incorporate all available aircraft not assigned to other operational duties. Although Japanese fighters had limited effectiveness against B-29 raids, they were expected to inflict damage on the invasion fleet. It was essential, however, that IJAAF and IJNAF fighters first establish air superiority over the targeted areas. Achieving this goal was a questionable assumption, especially given the formidable strength of US air power. By the end of June, nearly 8,000 aircraft, predominantly kamikazes, had been assembled for what was expected to be a decisive battle, with an estimated additional 2,500 planes likely to be produced by the end of September. To enhance their efforts, Kaiten suicide midget submarines and various special attack units were also designated to target any invading fleet, underscoring the significance of suicide attacks in Japanese military strategy. The hope was that these suicide, or tokko, units would inflict a 30 to 50 percent loss on the invading forces. However, as of June 30, only 1,235 surface special-attack boats and 324 underwater types had been produced, significantly hampering Japan's preparations for the impending decisive battle. In preparation for the seizure of Japan's industrial heart through an amphibious invasion, General MacArthur was laying the groundwork for a significant military operation. On April 3, the Joint Chiefs of Staff designated him as the Commander in Chief of the United States Army Forces in the Pacific. This appointment granted him administrative control over all Army resources in the Pacific, with the exceptions of the 20th Air Force, the Alaskan Command, and the Southeast Pacific forces. Additionally, all naval resources in the Pacific, except those in the Southeast Pacific Area, were placed under Admiral Nimitz's control, making them available for major operations against Japan. With the conclusion of the war in Europe, plans were proposed to redeploy 10 infantry divisions, 5 armored divisions, and 72 air groups to the Pacific. Consequently, the total forces in the Pacific were set to increase from approximately 1.4 million Army troops as of June 30 to nearly 2,439,400 by December 31. On June 2, the 20th Air Force was reorganized into the U.S. Army Strategic Air Force under General Carl Spaatz. This command would oversee the newly formed 20th Air Force led by Lieutenant-General Nathan Twinning, which had been reorganized from the 21st Bomber Command, and Lieutenant-General James Doolittle's 8th Air Force, which was restructured from the 20th Bomber Command and slated for deployment in the Ryukyus. Simultaneously, MacArthur was developing plans for Operation Downfall, the ambitious strategy for invading Japan. This operation envisaged a massive offensive against the islands of Kyushu and Honshu, utilizing all available combined resources from the Army, Navy, and Air Forces. The invasion plan consisted of two key operations: Operation Olympic and Operation Coronet. The American plan for the invasion of Kyushu focused on seizing only the southern part of the island, delineated by a line extending from Tsuno on the east coast to Sendai on the west. The 3,000 square miles included within this boundary were considered sufficient to provide the necessary air bases for short-range support in the final operations planned against the industrial centers of Honshu. Within the selected southern region for invasion, known as the "Olympic" plan, there were four lowland areas identified as suitable for the development of major airfields. The first area extended from Kagoshima, located on the western shore of Kagoshima Bay, through a narrow corridor to the Kushikino plain along the East China Sea. The second area ran northward from Shibushi on Ariake Bay, traversing a winding valley to Miyakonojo. The third area began at Kanoya, situated east of Kagoshima Bay, and followed the coastline of Ariake Bay. The fourth and largest area was located north of Miyazaki on the east coast. Four months after American troops first landed on Kyushu, the next decisive amphibious operation against Japan was set to be launched. Code-named Coronet, this invasion targeted the Kanto Plain area of Honshu and was scheduled for March 1, 1945. The operation was tasked to two armies: the First and the Eighth, assigned to conduct a major assault against the heartland of Japan. Their immediate objective was to destroy all opposition and secure the Tokyo-Yokohama area. General MacArthur would personally command the landing forces and oversee ground operations on the mainland. Accompanying him would be the advance echelon of his General Headquarters, which would operate as the Army Group Headquarters in the field. The initial landings would involve 10 reinforced infantry divisions, 3 marine divisions, and 2 armored divisions. These forces, launched from the Philippines and Central Pacific bases, would be continuously protected by the ships and aircraft of the Pacific Fleet, alongside land-based air support. Thirty days after the initial assault, each army was set to be reinforced by a corps of 3 additional divisions. Five days following this reinforcement, an airborne division and an AFPAC Reserve Corps consisting of another 3 divisions would be made available. In total, these 25 divisions were tasked with seizing the Kanto Plain, including the general areas of Tokyo and Yokohama, and carrying out any further operations necessary to overcome Japanese resistance. The strategic reserve for the entire operation would comprise a corps of 3 divisions located in the Philippines, along with sufficient reinforcements from the United States, allowing for the deployment of 4 divisions per month. For Operation Olympic, General Krueger's 6th Army was appointed to lead the effort, employing a total of 14 divisions that were already positioned in the Pacific. Meanwhile, the 1st and 8th Armies were designated to conduct Operation Coronet, comprising a total of 25 divisions primarily sourced from the redeployment of troops and equipment from the European theater. Eichelberger's 8th Army planned to land on Sagami Bay and subsequently fan out to secure the western shores of Tokyo Bay, reaching as far north as Yokohama. Concurrently, General Courtney Hodges' 1st Army was set to land at the Kujukuri beaches, with the objective of pushing west and south to clear the eastern shores of both Tokyo and Sagami Bays. To mitigate the risks associated with landing on the heavily fortified and well-garrisoned islands of Japan, a comprehensive campaign of air-sea blockade and bombardment was advocated. The 20th Air Force, launching from bases in the Marianas and the Ryukyus, aimed to cripple Japan's industrial capacity by ruthlessly attacking factories and transportation systems. This steady assault from the massive B-29 bombers was expected to severely diminish Japan's ability to sustain its large military organization and effectively distribute its remaining power. Simultaneously, carrier task forces would conduct repeated raids on crucial coastal areas, targeting enemy naval and air forces, disrupting shore and sea communications, and supporting long-range bombers in their strikes against strategic objectives. The Far East Air Force, also based in the Ryukyus, would focus on selected targets intended to dismantle Japan's air capabilities both in the homeland and in nearby regions of North China and Korea. By intercepting shipping and shattering communication lines, the Far East Air Force aimed to complete the isolation of southern Kyushu, preparing it for an amphibious assault. As the target date approached, it was planned that these air raids would intensify, culminating in an all-out effort from X-10 to X-Day. In the final ten days before the landing phase, the combined bombing power of all available planes, both land-based and carrier-based, would be unleashed in a massive assault. The objectives included reducing enemy defenses, destroying remaining air forces, isolating the target area, and facilitating preliminary minesweeping and naval bombardment operations. The fortifications within the designated landing areas would be overwhelmed by tons of explosives, while naval vessels and engineering units worked to eliminate underwater mines and barriers. With such concentrated power backing them, it was anticipated that the amphibious forces would be able to execute their assault landings with minimal losses. This strategy aimed to minimize casualties, further diminish Japan's air capabilities, and cut off reinforcements from Asia. There was even a possibility that such measures could compel Japan to surrender, thus eliminating the need for a significant landing on the Home Islands. In a notable first, Admiral Spruance's 5th Fleet and Admiral Halsey's 3rd Fleet were to operate simultaneously. Admiral Spruance's fleet would focus on the landing operations, while Admiral Halsey's fleet would provide strategic support through raids on Honshu and Hokkaido. On July 28, the 16 fast carriers of Admiral McCain's Task Force 38 and the four British carriers of Admiral Rawlings' Task Force 37 commenced operations to weaken the air, naval, and shipping capabilities of the Home Islands. By mid-August, Vice-Admiral John Towers was assigned command of a reinforced Task Force 38, tasked with executing a series of strikes against Japan east of the 135th meridian, while General Kenney's Ryukyus-based Far Eastern Air Forces targeted objectives to the west. Additionally, Rawlings' Task Force 37, enhanced to nine carriers, launched diversionary strikes against Hong Kong and Canton. Starting on October 18, the 3rd Fleet began aggressive operations against aircraft, airfields, and shipping in Kyushu, Shikoku, and Honshu to isolate the assault area for the upcoming Kyushu invasion. Six days later, the Fast Carrier Task Force was divided into Task Force 38 and Task Force 58. Task Force 38 retained 12 fast carriers specifically for strikes against Japan. The pre-invasion air strikes, surface bombardments, and minesweeping operations in the Kyushu landing zones commenced, steadily increasing in intensity as they approached X-Day on November 1. The ten fast carriers of Vice-Admiral Frederick Sherman's Task Force 58 would provide direct support for the Kyushu landings, which were to be conducted by Admiral Turner's Task Force 40, consisting of 800 warships and 1,500 transports. In this effort, three Fire Support groups, each accompanied by an escort carrier group, would launch preemptive assaults on the designated Olympic landing zones. Off southeastern Kyushu's Ariake Bay, Rear Admiral Richard Connolly's 3rd Fire Support Group (TG 41.3), comprising 6 old battleships, 6 cruisers, 13 destroyers, and 34 support craft, was tasked with eliminating coastal batteries at Toi Misaka, Hi Saki, and Ariake Bay. Additionally, they would target seaplane bases and suicide boat/submarine pens at Oshima, Odatsu, Biro Jima, and Sakida, followed by softening defenses at the XI Corps landing beaches. Meanwhile, approximately 30 miles north along Kyushu's southeastern coast, Rear Admiral Ingolf Kiland's 7th Fire Support Group (TG 41.7), consisting of 3 old battleships, 8 cruisers, 11 destroyers, and 35 support craft, would bombard coastal batteries, suicide-boat nests, and seaplane bases located at Tozaki Hana, Hososhima, and Miyazaki. This group would also destroy rail junctions at Tsumo Jogasaki and Tsuno to disrupt reinforcements heading south, before finally shelling the I Corps invasion beaches near Miyazaki. Off southwestern Kyushu, Rear Admiral Giraud Wright's 5th Fire Support Group (TG 41.5), with 4 old battleships, 10 cruisers, 14 destroyers, and 74 support craft, was set to hammer fortifications within the Koshiki Retto and at the beaches between Kaminokawa and Kushikino. Their mission included knocking out Noma Misaki and Hashimi Saki coastal batteries, the Akune seaplane base, and Kushikino's airfield, while also cutting the Akune–Kushikino road and rail lines. Ultimately, they would provide heavy fire support for the V Amphibious Corps landing beaches. Meanwhile, General Krueger planned to first secure Kagoshima and Ariake Bays as crucial ports of entry. Following that, the objective was to push inland as far as the Tsuno-Sendai line to block mountain defiles and prevent any enemy reinforcements from the north. As a preliminary operation, on October 28, the reinforced 40th Division, now under Brigadier-General Donald Myers, was assigned to seize positions in the Koshiki Island group opposite Sendai. The objective was to establish emergency naval and seaplane bases on these islands while also clearing the sea routes to the coastal invasion area of Kushikino. The 40th Division was also tasked with making preliminary landings on the four islands of Tanega, Make, Take, and Lo off the southern tip of Kyushu, with the goal of safeguarding the passage of friendly shipping through the strategic Osumi Strait. On November 1, General Krueger's three main corps were set to conduct simultaneous assault landings in the designated objective areas. Major-General Harry Schmidt's 5th Amphibious Corps would land near Kushikino, drive eastward to secure the western shore of Kagoshima Bay, and then turn north to block the movement of enemy reinforcements from upper Kyushu. Meanwhile, General Hall's 11th Corps was to land at Ariake Bay, capture Kanoya, advance to the eastern shore of Kagoshima Bay, and then move northwestward to Miyakonojo. Following this, Swift's 1st Corps would assault Miyazaki on the east coast, subsequently moving southwest to occupy Miyakonojo and clear the northern shore of Kagoshima Bay, thereby protecting the northeast flank. Additionally, Major-General Charles Ryder's 9th Corps, initially held in reserve, was selected to execute a diversionary feint off the island of Shikoku while the other three assault corps advanced on the actual landing beaches. Finally, Krueger kept the 77th Division and the 11th Airborne Division in Area Reserve, prepared to follow up the invasion forces. Should these units prove insufficient to fulfill their assigned tasks, a buildup from units earmarked for Coronet would be initiated at a rate of three divisions per month. On the other side, the Japanese anticipated that Kyushu would be the next target and identified the same beaches selected for Operation Olympic as the most likely landing sites. In response, Generals Hata and Yokoyama concentrated the formidable 57th Army under Lieutenant-General Nishihara Kanji around the areas of Ariake Bay and Miyazaki. Meanwhile, Lieutenant-General Nakazawa Mitsuo commanded the 40th Army, which was positioned in the Ijuin-Kagoshima sector to the west. Hata's mobile reserves were stationed near Mount Kurishima, consisting of at least five divisions and several independent brigades, prepared to swiftly engage enemy forces before they could establish secure beachheads. Although Yokoyama and Hata did not anticipate an invasion in northern and central Kyushu, they had many units distributed throughout the region. The Japanese government prioritized defensive preparations for Kyushu over those for Honshu, hoping that a fierce defense of Kyushu would deter American forces from attempting a similar operation on Honshu. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. General Krueger's forces tackled Japan's Shobu Group in Luzon, while preparing for Operation Downfall, the invasion of Japan itself. Despite tough terrain, American forces made significant gains, encircling the Japanese. Meanwhile, Japan readied for defense, mobilizing troops and launching air counterattacks. As the Allies pressed forward, the impending invasion loomed, with strategies developed to land on Kyushu and Honshu. Ultimately, intense battles shaped the eve of an operation that would determine the war's fate and change history forever.
Today we have the July 22, 1945, edition of CBS World NewsToday. It includes analysis and updates on the war, with reports from Berlin, Manila, London, Rome, Washington, and New York.Visit our website at BrickPickleMedia.com/podcasts. Subscribe to the ad-free version at https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/worldwar2radio/subscribe.
Dozens of coastal cities — from Jakarta to Manila — are sinking at a worrying speed. Climate change, too much water being pumped out of the ground for drinking and the type of land cities are built on all contribute to the problem. But people around the world are coming up with innovative ways to tackle this.Aghnia Adzkia, a BBC journalist based in Jakarta, shares why Indonesia's capital is particularly vulnerable, and how people there are trying to protect themselves. BBC climate correspondent Georgina Rannard explains the link between climate change and rising sea levels. And we hear from people helping their local communities to adapt, such as architect Kunlé Adeyemi, who designed a floating school in Lagos. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: whatintheworld@bbc.co.uk WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Iqra Farooq Producers: Chelsea Coates, Mora Morrison and Maria Clara Montoya Video Journalist: Adam Chowdhury and Jem Westgate Editor: Verity Wilde
In this episode, Laura chats to Melissa Bruntlett about her new book, Women Changing Cities: Global Stories of Urban Transformation.Melissa is an urbanist, author, and founder of Modacity, an urban mobility consultancy - and one half of urbanist power couple, Chris and Melissa Bruntlett. Melissa and Chris have authored two books to date, Building the Cycling City, and Curbing Traffic. Their social media posts from around the world feature positive examples of change, and inspiration for other cities and advocates. Originally from Canada, the couple have settled in the Netherlands, and often share experiential learning from one of the world's greatest cycling nations. The book's narrative begins with pandemic street changes, and asks what was going on, beyond the public health emergency, that allowed the urban landscape to change? Why can cities do things differently at certain points in time, and how are women a part of that. The Bruntletts argue it's about listening and being humble, and taking that listening and humility with you into streetspace solutions. There are stories from leadership in Paris, Barcelona, Montreal and Bogota. There is also a grassroots angle, looking at a groundswell from young people in Manila, that spurred bike lanes in the city.The book: Women Changing Cities: Global Stories of Urban Transformation, by Melissa and Chris Bruntlett, is out in October 2025: https://www.ribabooks.com/Women-Changing-Cities-Global-stories-of-urban-transformation_9781915722409Melissa's project, Modacity Creative: https://modacitycreative.com/Melissa and Chris' work: https://www.modacitylife.com/For ad-free listening, behind-the-scenes and bonus content and to help support the podcast - head to (https://www.patreon.com/StreetsAheadPodcast). We'll even send you some stickers! We're also on Bluesky and welcome your feedback on our episode: https://bsky.app/profile/podstreetsahead.bsky.social Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode of Hustleshare, we chat with Alex de Leon, Group VP of Marketing at PropertyGuru, to unpack the wild journey that took him from tinkering with computers in Manila to working at Google in Silicon Valley—and eventually marketing for one of Southeast Asia's biggest proptech companies. Alex shares how growing up between cultures shaped his hustle, what working three jobs in college taught him about grit, and why it took 26 tries before he finally landed at Google. He also gets real about what it's like starting from customer support, how being a generalist became his edge in tech, and why building from scratch in the Philippines was the most career-defining move he made.Resources:LinkedIn:https://www.linkedin.com/in/alexandermdeleon Website:https://www.propertygurugroup.com/ Links/Sponsors:OneCFO: https://www.onecfoph.co/Hustleshare is powered by Podmachine Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
It's the iconic, buff-colored canvas that triggers instant nostalgia for generations of Filipino students. In this episode of PODKAS, we unfold the story behind this humble school supply. We trace its journey from recycled abaca ship ropes in 19th-century America to its central role in post-war Philippine classrooms. We reminisce about the collaborative chaos of group projects, the high-stakes art of writing with a Pentel pen, and the honored role of the tagahawak ng manila paper. Finally, we explore its fading presence in the digital age and ask: in a world of screens and slides, what is the enduring legacy of Manila paper?
E ho scoperto che...
It’s RHOA Reunion time! Carlos is joined by Claudia and Dustin to kick off Part 1 with plenty to unpack. The group airs their grievances with Britt, breaks down the cast’s reunion looks, and dives into divorces - both 11 years deep and barely 11 months old. And let’s just say… “Simon says” Drew had the best line of the night. Tune in!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Last time we spoke about the end of the Bougainville campaign. In June 1945, the Australia and Allied forces intensified their campaign in the Pacific, spearheaded by General Hammer, as they battled entrenched Japanese troops on Bougainville. Following the capture of the Soraken Peninsula, the Australians aimed to control the strategic Hongorai River but faced fierce resistance. Meanwhile, General Kanda adjusted his strategies, pulling back Japanese forces to a defensive perimeter around Buin, allowing his troops to regroup. Australian battalions, notably the 24th and 57th/60th, pressed forward, making significant gains despite encountering numerous obstacles, including concealed mines and relentless counterattacks. The turning point came when they crossed the Hongorai River, marking a vital milestone in their advance. Ultimately, the combination of perseverance and tactical maneuvers set the stage for future successes within the broader context of the Pacific Theater. This episode is the Fall of Wewak Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945. In the last episode we finished off the Bougainville campaign. Now its been 4 long ass grueling years for the boys fighting in New Guinea. Today we are finally going to finish that story. As we last saw, by early April 1945, General George Stevens and his 6th Australian Division were making significant strides in their Wewak offensive. The campaign, aimed at capturing the strategically important town of Wewak, was crucial for disrupting Japanese forces in New Guinea and aiding in their eventual defeat. Brigadier King's 16th Brigade had effectively secured the But and Dagua areas, notable locations that played vital roles in the region's agricultural landscape and supply lines. Simultaneously, Brigadier Moten's 17th Brigade was concentrating its efforts along the Ninab River, a key waterway that would facilitate the final drive toward Maprik, a town essential for both its infrastructure and resources. Facing intense Australian pressure, the remnants of General Mano's 41st Division were forced to retreat northwestward to Wora, a strategic village located near the coast, while the Miyake Force reorganized itself along the defensive line formed by the Imbia, Neligum, Kumbungua, and Bainy rivers. This area is characterized by its rugged terrain, dense jungles, and numerous waterways, making it a challenging environment for military operations. On April 3, General Moten ordered the 2/7th Battalion to advance toward Maprik and the Agricultural Station, aiming to seize this vital supply center. At the same time, the 2/6th Battalion was tasked with moving towards the Screw River to block any potential enemy retreats to the north. Hayforce, a composite group of Australian troops, was directed to push forward to the Maprik-Marui road. This mission was critical as it aimed to establish a new airfield, designated as Hayfield, to alleviate the pressing supply issues faced by Australian forces. The Australians began their assault towards Maprik, yet they quickly discovered that the enemy was well-prepared to defend this food-producing region. Throughout the week, they were largely limited to patrol actions as they engaged with scattered enemy forces. Concurrently, Hayforce advanced eastward, encountering strong resistance at Wora on April 10. This strategic location, once teeming with activity, had become a focal point for Japanese defense. On April 12, feeling increasingly under pressure, General Mano opted to abandon Wora, allowing him to concentrate his forces more effectively at Bainyik. This decision was pivotal, as it permitted Australian forces to secure the site of the proposed airstrip, enhancing their logistical capabilities. Meanwhile patrols had been pressing on from village to village. On 28th March, for example, Sergeant J. W. Hedderman, of the 2/6th, a notable leader in these as in earlier operations, had led a reconnaissance to Kulkuil and Gwanginan. Next day he led a fighting patrol which took Kulkuil with a carefully-planned surprise attack. On the 30th Lieutenant Errey's platoon (16), with Hedderman as platoon sergeant, attacked Gwanginan. Hedderman confused the enemy by shouting to imaginary platoons to right and left (thus incidentally drawing fire on himself); and when the leading section was halted he brought down supporting fire and enabled it to move again. A man was wounded within 10 yards of the enemy's pits; Hedderman went forward, killed two Japanese with grenades, and dragged his comrade to safety. The enemy were 25 to 30 strong and the attack failed despite these gallant efforts. Hedderman covered the withdrawal, firing until all others had gone. On 30th March a patrol found Mairoka clear of the enemy and on 4th April Lieutenant Gordon's platoon established a patrol base there. On the 7th Errey's platoon attacked a village to the east of the Milak villages but without success, Lieutenant Errey being killed, and Sergeant Layfield wounded. Chicanambu was occupied on the 9th. On April 15, two companies from the 2/6th pushed eastward towards the Screw River. Over the next five days, they faced strong opposition as they engaged in fierce skirmishes and patrol actions to secure critical territories, ultimately capturing Wambak, Kombichagi, and Bungara. Each of these locations represented not only strategic advantages but also a deepening impact on the local population and the broader campaign dynamics. On April 15, 1945, the 2/7th Battalion launched its main assault, with one company advancing towards the line of Nimrod Creek. This location, nestled within the dense jungles of New Guinea, proved to be strategically significant yet perilous. As they approached, Australian troops encountered heavily defended and camouflaged pillboxes, fortifications designed to protect the Japanese troops stationed in the area. Despite the challenges, they managed to secure a long, kunai-covered spur to the northeast of a critical area known as Maprik 2 by the following day. On April 17, another company from the 2/7th continued the offensive, advancing toward a target referred to as Maprik 1. They reached a point approximately 400 yards northwest of the objective but soon found themselves in a precarious situation as they became surrounded on both flanks the next day. It was not until April 19 that they successfully broke through to the southwest, escaping their encirclement. The House Tamboran feature, a prominent ridge north of Maprik 1, was finally secured on April 20. This strategic high ground was essential for controlling the surrounding terrain and allowing further advances in the area. The following day, the 2/7th began probing towards the Maprik airstrip and Bainyik. Their efforts to secure the airstrip were fruitful within the next few days; however, they faced staunch resistance at both Maprik 2 and Bainyik, where Japanese forces continued to mount a determined defense. On April 25, the Australians crossed the Screw River, a vital waterway that flows through this region, on their way toward Midpum Creek, which they reached the following day. This movement was crucial for maintaining momentum in the campaign. While the 2/7th Battalion was engaged in heavy fighting, patrols from the 2/6th Battalion successfully secured the Neligum villages, although they encountered strong Japanese resistance at Mangumbu. This locality, bordered by lush vegetation and steep hills, served as a vital defensive position for Japanese forces. Simultaneously, intelligence reports about a small enemy contingent under Lieutenant-Colonel Takenaga Masaharu positioned at Tau prompted a swift response. On April 16, a platoon from the 2/5th Battalion departed from Aitape, a coastal town known for its strategic significance during the campaign. They tracked down the Japanese troops and engaged them at Kubriwat on April 24. After the Kubriwat engagement, Colonel Takenaga's troops managed to shake off pursuit by the Australians; yet as the Australians continued to harass them, Takenaga ultimately decided that they would surrender. They took a leaflet containing a notice of surrender that one of the soldiers had been carrying, added some conditions underneath in English, tied it to a pole for the Australians to find, and left the area. Scouts from Miles' platoon then found the leaflet and brought it back with them. On May 2, the Australian platoon spotted Takenaga's unit near Womgrer village, and asked a native to help them make contact. Two truce bearers from the Japanese side came to the Australians to negotiate, and on the following day Takenaga's unit surrendered at Womgrer and were disarmed. At the time of surrender, Takenaga's unit consisted of 42 men: five officers (including Takenaga), four warrant officers, and 33 non-commissioned officers and soldiers. They were equipped with five light machine guns, 17 rifles, five pistols, and 750 rounds of ammunition. The prisoners, escorted by Miles' platoon, marched for three days in an orderly fashion to Maprik Airport, and were then transported to Aitape. Takenaga's unit were held in Aitape for around one month, before being broken up and sent to prison camps in Lae and in Australia, where they received good treatment. They were all interrogated, and in particular, Takenaga was transported to Manila for a detailed interrogation. As well as giving character information about the commanders of the 18th Army, Takenaga gave his opinion of how the Allies should deal with Emperor Hirohito: "If the Emperor is killed then the Japanese people will resist until the bitter end, but if there is an order from the Emperor then they will probably surrender peacefully." Back in the Maprik sector, while Hayforce conducted probing operations and successfully captured Yentagim in early May, the Miyake Force began a withdrawal toward the Loanim-Yamil-Kumbungua line. This defensive line was a series of natural features and fortified positions designed to obstruct the advancing Australian troops. On the northern flank, the 2/6th Battalion also continued to patrol eastward, successfully securing the strategically important Mangumbu on May 2. This advancement not only disrupted enemy operations but also paved the way for further Australian advances in the region. On May 8, 1945, the 2/7th Battalion launched a decisive attack, successfully capturing part of the Kumbungua Ridge, a strategically significant high ground dominating the surrounding terrain. Two flame-throwers had now been received by the 2/7th and on 8th May these were used to drive the enemy from part of the narrow steep-sided Kumbungua ridge. The Japanese made off, abandoning 30 weapon-pits, but engaged the Australians from a knoll farther up the ridge. Just three days later, they captured the southern end of the ridge while another company moved to occupy Waigakum 1, a forward position that offered a crucial vantage point over the area. Flame-throwers were proving very effective. On 10th May the 2/7th occupied Waigakum 1, and on the 11th a platoon with flame-throwers attacked and took a position where the defenders abandoned 50 packs. Another platoon approached the knoll at the south end of the Kumbungua ridge from the south, attacked up a steep slope and put to flight the defenders who abandoned 25 packs and 100 sticks of gelignite. The Japanese opened fire, however, from higher up and, the ground being unsuitable for defence, the platoon withdrew. By May 13, following effective air support that softened enemy defenses, central Kumbungua was found abandoned by Japanese forces, a testament to the pressure the Australians had applied. The following day, after another heavy bombardment from both aircraft and artillery, the entire ridge was finally secured, marking a significant accomplishment in the campaign. Pressing on, the Australians cleared the area northeast of Kalabu by May 26. However, they faced stiff resistance and found it challenging to make further advances. As a result, the 2/7th Battalion reorganized to defend the captured positions, consolidating their gains to ensure they could withstand potential counterattacks from the tenacious enemy. In the meantime, on May 17, Waigakum 2 fell to Australian troops. This success forced the cutoff remnants of General Mano's 41st Division to begin their retreat to the east, as the Australians patrolled further towards Malba, another critical location along their advance. The loss of Waigakum to the 2/7th Battalion in mid-May had a very upsetting effect on the Japanese. It was the point of junction between Miyake Force, now 800 strong, and the 41st Division and, according to General Yoshiwara, this loss led directly to the withdrawal from Kalabu and Loanim. On the 19th a platoon, guided by natives, surprised six Japanese in a garden south-east of Kalabu. Here Private Jenkins" came upon one Japanese asleep outside a weapon-pit. As he was within feet of me (wrote Jenkins later) I thought it was an excellent opportunity to take a prisoner so I woke him with a light kick and pulled him to his feet with my left hand, keeping my Owen gun in my right. I had managed to get my prisoner some paces from his position when a slight noise alerted his mates and they opened fire on the patrol. With this the Jap broke from my grasp and I was forced to shoot him. One other Japanese was killed and the others made off.Turning their attention northward, the 2/6th Battalion attempted to attack the village of Jamei on May 20. However, they were met with fierce resistance from Japanese defenders, which compelled the Australians to bombard the area intensively with artillery and air strikes until the enemy was finally forced to retreat on May 25. While the Australians were continuing to probe towards Yamil, elements of the 2/7th Battalion executed successful attacks in the Malba area, which was ultimately secured by the end of the month. This marked a crucial step in their advance as they pushed deeper into enemy territory. Meanwhile, in the coastal sector, Brigadier King's 16th Brigade concentrated its efforts east of the But River, extending up to the Kofi area. At the same time, Brigadier Martin's 29th Brigade assembled at But, preparing for the final drive toward Wewak, a town that had become a strategic target for Allied forces in their campaign to eradicate Japanese presence in New Guinea. On April 14, the 2/1st Battalion passed through the lines of the 2/2nd Battalion, launching an attack toward the Karawop-Wisling area. This sector, known for its rugged topography and dense underbrush, finally fell to the relentless Australian assaults two days later after a series of intense company-level attacks. On April 25, the 2/1st Battalion occupied the crucial 1800 Feature without facing any opposition. This high ground provided them with significant tactical advantages in the ongoing conflict. Meanwhile, the 2/3rd Battalion, positioned to the north, successfully launched an attack on Boiken Plantation. Their efforts were rewarded as they advanced to Kalimboa the following day, further consolidating Australian positions in the region. On April 27, 1945, the 2/2nd Battalion moved swiftly through the advancing lines, pushing forward to Hawain and crossing the river in their quest to engage Japanese forces. Concurrently, the 2/3rd Battalion patrolled south along Boiken Creek, where they encountered significant enemy resistance in the Koanumbo area. After a series of determined assaults, this area was ultimately secured by May 2, allowing the Australians to fortify their positions. At this point in the campaign, Brigadier Martin's 19th Brigade took over the advance towards Cape Wom, and subsequently, the strategic objective of Wewak. This movement coincided with preparations by Lieutenant-Colonel Eric Hennessy's 2/6th Commando Regiment, which was organizing for a surprise landing east of Cape Moem, a critical maneuver aimed at outflanking Japanese defenses. On May 3, the 2/4th Battalion advanced from Hawain, managing to cover six miles without facing any opposition. By the next day, they reached Wom without incident. As night fell, Australian patrols had already established a presence along the Waringe River, preparing for further actions. During this time, patrols targeted Japanese stragglers in the vicinity, eliminating several and gathering intelligence. Reconnaissance units were then sent forward to Minga Creek to assess enemy positions while the 2/4th secured Yarabos on May 7, progressively tightening the noose around Japanese defenses. Meanwhile, the 2/8th Battalion, positioned on the right flank, engaged in a series of minor clashes, successfully capturing Ranimboa on May 4, followed by Numikim just days later. These advances were crucial in pressuring the remaining Japanese forces, which, under Generals Adachi and Nakano, were increasingly evident in their abandonment of the substantial base at Wewak. Their main forces began to withdraw over the rugged terrain of the Prince Alexander Mountains, leaving behind strong rearguards tasked with covering their exit routes from Wewak. To counter this withdrawal, the 2/11th Battalion and the 2/7th Commando Squadron were dispatched on a wide encircling movement towards the Sauri villages and Wirui Mission, aiming to cut off the retreating Japanese forces. Meanwhile, the 2/4th Battalion crossed Minga Creek and launched an attack towards Wewak on May 8, seeking to claim the final strategic stronghold. Two days later, bolstered by supporting tanks and artillery, the 2/4th Battalion initiated a vigorous assault on Wewak Point. This area, positioned at the very tip of the peninsula, was essential for controlling the coastal approaches to Wewak. After a hard-fought engagement, the Australians successfully seized the entirety of Wewak Point, subsequently mopping up the remaining Japanese soldiers who had entrenched themselves in the caves along the cliffs, effectively concluding the intense fighting in this region. At 12.15 two companies were ordered to mop up.cThat afternoon a flame-thrower fired into a bunker apparently lit a dump of bombs which blew up. Smith's company found several occupied caves and, since the Japanese would not surrender, merely picqueted them until engineers arrived and blew up the entrances, sealing the Japanese in. It was estimated that about 50 perished in the caves; by midnight 65 other dead had been counted and three 75-mm guns and two 20-mm had been captured. In a brilliant action the Australians, supported by tanks and more than 40 field guns, had lost only 2 killed and 17 wounded. Mopping up was continued next day, and no live Japanese remained on the point by midday. Finally it was estimated that from 180 to 200 Japanese had been killed. On May 11, 1945, following their progress along the Big Road, the 2/11th Battalion set out to occupy the strategic 620, 710, and 770 Features. However, they soon encountered unexpected resistance over the following days. This was not merely an isolated skirmish; it was part of a broader engagement as they pressed their advance against the entrenched Japanese defenders. Meanwhile, an important operation was unfolding to the west. The 2/9th and 2/10th Commando Squadrons, supported by a small flotilla formed around the sloop Swan, successfully landed on Dove Bay's Red Beach, located just to the west of Forok Point. This maneuver was critical, as it disrupted Japanese supply lines and provided the Australians with a foothold to cut off the Wewak Road. Following their landing, the squadrons dispatched patrols eastward, further isolating Japanese forces. The next day, the 2/3rd Machine-Gun Battalion secured the junction of the Wewak Road and Forok Creek, a key point for controlling the surrounding areas, while the 2/9th Commando Squadron patrolled past Mandi, gaining valuable intelligence. The 2/4th Battalion, capitalizing on this chaos, pressed forward to secure the Wewak airfield and the Wirui Mission, both of which were vital for maintaining air support and supply routes in the theater of operations. On May 13, the 2/11th Battalion successfully captured the 620 Feature, a crucial hill that provided vantage points over the battlefield. However, they struggled to take the 710 Feature the next day, as Japanese resistance intensified in the rugged foothills south of the Big Road. On 14th May, the 2/11th being heavily engaged in the foothills south of the Big Road, Lt Martin had ordered the 2/4th to attack Wirui Mission, which was on a steep kunai-covered hill about 300 feet high dominating the airfield. Approaching from the east through tall kunai the leading com-pany with a troop of tanks soon took the first objective-dominating ground about half way up the hill. Captain Smith's company passed through and, with the tanks, whose crews estimated that they killed about 30 Japanese, reached the top. By nightfall the top and the eastern slopes were held but the Japanese were fighting back from bunkers on the north-west slopes. Next day Smith's company attacked these remaining bunkers. The lead-ing section was halted by intense fire after several men had been hit. Private Kenna, in the supporting section, which was firing on the bunkers at a range of only 50 yards, stood up in the kunai grass in full view of the enemy and fired his Bren at one of the Japanese machine-gun posts. The Japanese machine-gunners returned his fire but failed to hit him. Kenna then said to Private Rau who was beside him that the Japanese "had a bead on him" and he asked for Rau's rifle. Still standing, he fired four rifle shots and silenced the enemy post. He then took the Bren again and opened fire on another post about 70 yards away and silenced it too. The remaining post was then knocked out by a tank; soon the 2/4th and 2/11th were in contact. About 40 Japanese were killed and perhaps 20 escaped in the fight for the mission. Large quantities of weapons, vehicles, generators, tele-phones and other equipment were found there. Possession of Wirui Mission gave complete control of the Wewak coastal plain. Captured papers made it possible to make a fairly precise estimate of the forces immediately round Wewak: Kato Force, built round the 25th Airfield Battalion and about 300 strong, was holding from Sauri to Wirui Creek; Jinka Force, about 400 strong, was holding from Wirui Creek to the east, including Boram airfield, and south into the range as far as Passam; to the east was Aoyama Force, of unknown strength; the coastal plain to a depth of about 1,000 yards was not held in strength, and it was thought that there would be little opposition on the coast at least as far as Boram airfield Supported by artillery fire and through persistent efforts, the 2/11th finally took the 710 Feature on May 15, which allowed them to begin patrolling towards the 770 Feature and the nearby Klewalin, two additional strongholds that were key to the entire operation. Simultaneously, since May 11, the 2/7th Commando Squadron had been engaged in fierce fighting. They maneuvered through a series of knolls in the Sauri villages area, which they ultimately cleared by May 16, further tightening the noose around Japanese defenses. On that same day, after intense air and naval bombardments prepared the way, the 2/8th Battalion began their advance toward Boram. This crucial location fell into their hands unopposed by nightfall, allowing significant advances in the Australian front line. However, on May 17, as the 2/8th Battalion continued its push to the mouth of Boram Creek, they encountered a strongly-held Japanese position. This area, characterized by intricate terrain and dense jungle cover, presented formidable challenges as they sought to advance further into Japanese-occupied territory. The enemy bunkers would remain a formidable obstacle until May 20, when a heavy bombardment finally rendered them inoperative. Following this, the Australians seized the opportunity to exploit their gains and advanced further east to occupy Cape Moem. This maneuver allowed them to establish contact with the commando force at Brandi Plantation just two days later, strengthening their foothold along the coast. On May 24, the 2/11th Battalion occupied the strategic 770 feature after enduring its own heavy bombardment. Three days later, they managed to destroy the last remnants of enemy forces south of the 710 feature, marking a significant step in the campaign. On May 25, the 2/4th Battalion also launched a patrol into the village of Koigin, taking the location after a sharp and intense fight. However, amidst these operations, Brigadier Martin fell ill with malaria and was temporarily replaced by Lieutenant-Colonel John Bishop, a shift that would guide the troops through the operational challenges ahead. By the end of May, the 6th Division had pushed most remnants of the Japanese 18th Army away from the coast, including their vital base at Wewak. The Japanese forces were now confined within the rugged, mountainous terrain, squeezed between the 17th Brigade, positioned forward of Maprik to the west, and the remainder of the 6th Division to the north. In preparation for the next phase of their campaign, General Moten set out to secure the line from Solongan to Kulauru Mission. The 2/5th Battalion relieved the 2/7th Battalion and moved against Kulauru and Ulupu, while the 2/6th Battalion advanced towards Yamil. The Australians acted swiftly and decisively, rapidly capturing Newton's Knoll and Palketia during the first week of June. On June 10, after extensive air strikes and bombardments weakened enemy defenses, the 2/6th Battalion successfully entered Yamil. Just three days later, on June 13, the 2/5th Battalion continued their momentum by capturing Yamil 3 and Yuman as the beleaguered Miyake Force began its retreat towards Ulupu, indicating the deteriorating situation for Japanese forces in the region. Despite the Australians' relentless advance and the heavy bombardment inflicted upon them, the Japanese remained determined to defend Kunai Spur. Their tenacity meant that the Australians could only secure Yamil 4 on June 24, underscoring the intensity of the fighting in this strategic area. At this critical juncture, the 2nd New Guinea Battalion arrived in the Hayfield area to patrol southwards towards Kwimbu, Mikau, and Kunjinge. These movements further reinforced the Australian positions and set the stage for the continuing efforts to dismantle the last remnants of Japanese resistance in the region. On June 11, 1945, the 2/8th Battalion successfully seized Hill 1 after a concentrated air and artillery bombardment that softened up the enemy defenses. This pivotal victory allowed them to establish a critical foothold in the area, vital for subsequent operations. Just five days later, on June 16, both artillery and aircraft targeted Hill 2 and Shiburangu, two crucial positions that had become points of interest in the ongoing campaign. After numerous attempts and repeated efforts by the infantry, the Australians ultimately captured Hill 2, a strategic vantage point that further pressured Japanese forces in the region.At 8 a.m. on 16th June aircraft struck both Hill 2 and Shiburangu and then the artillery began a program in which 3,000 rounds were fired. One company began to advance on Hill 2 at 9.30. Warrant-Officer Fisk's platoon, which was forward, met heavy fire from snipers on both flanks and machine-gun fire from the hills and lost one man killed and one wounded. It withdrew to the cover of the spur and moved to outflank the enemy on the left. Meanwhile at 9.45 a second company had taken the pocket without opposition. At 10 a.m. the first company was still held. The men rested under the lip of the hill while the artillery again bombarded the enemy's positions and flame-throwers were brought forward. At 1.30 the company surged over the crest of the hill and, after close fighting in which each bunker was grenaded, the surviving Japanese fled leaving 38 visible dead and perhaps another 20 buried by the air and artillery bombardment. The Australians lost 2 killed and 3 wounded. "Aerial bombing coupled with artillery concentration does not deter the enemy from fighting nor unsettle him unduly," wrote the battalion diarist. "Such fanatical resistance in face of such odds makes the capturing of these strong points no light task." Meanwhile, the 2/4th Battalion worked diligently to clear the eastern side of the Koigin-Tazaki track, progressing 600 yards south of Koigin by June 13. This advancement helped secure vital supply routes and reinforced the Australians' operational capabilities. On June 14, the Australians continued their momentum by successfully securing Mount Kawakubo, another significant terrain feature. Five days later, on June 19, the 2/4th and 2/11th Battalions launched a coordinated attack towards Tazaki. Thanks to the overwhelming support of air and artillery bombardments, Tazaki ultimately fell into Australian hands by June 24, marking yet another victory in their relentless push against Japanese defenses. On June 22, the 2/8th captured the last knoll before Shiburangu. Following this success, artillery began to register targets on Shiburangu, setting the stage for a significant assault. By June 27, after a particularly heavy air and artillery bombardment that saturated the area with firepower, the 2/8th Battalion launched a bold attack to seize Shiburangu. Utilizing an outflanking maneuver, they managed to surprise the fierce defenders, overcoming their determined resistance. As the 2/4th Battalion cleared the remaining enemy pockets in the Tazaki area, the 2/8th Battalion pressed their advantage, attacking and securing the area to the west on July 3. The two battalions effectively linked up two days later, solidifying their control over the region and paving the way for further advances in the campaign. Looking back to the southwest, after nearly three weeks of stiff resistance, the Japanese finally abandoned Kunai Spur on July 3, 1945. This withdrawal opened the door for Australian forces, who swiftly occupied Ulupu just two days later. The effort to clear the surrounding area began in earnest, but it wasn't until July 8 that the strongly-held northern knoll was taken after intense fighting. On July 9, through a sustained bombardment, the Japanese were driven out of Ulum, marking a significant breakthrough; their defense system had been shattered. Following this success, patrols from the 2/5th Battalion advanced rapidly, moving forward about 2000 yards with only minor skirmishes. They reached and occupied Kulauru Mission on July 11, reinforcing the Australians' control over the area. Pressing northeast, the remaining Japanese forces in the vicinity were rapidly dispersed, and by July 18, Ilipem fell into Australian hands. During this time, the 2/6th Battalion was busy securing the Ulunkohoitu Ridge, further consolidating the Australians' hold on the region. At the same time, the 2nd New Guinea Battalion had been probing south and east, successfully securing critical locations such as Kongambe, Kwandaning, Naila, and Gisanambu. With the Japanese now regrouping along the Kaboibus-Ahegulim-Gwalip line, General Moten aimed to accelerate the advance, directing both the 2nd New Guinea Battalion and the rested 2/7th Battalion to converge on Gwalip. Meanwhile, the 2/5th and 2/6th Battalions pressed east towards Kaboibus. Despite facing challenges and some failed attacks against Dunbit and Aoniaru, the New Guineans were able to concentrate their forces near Gwalip by July 22, and five days later, Sigora fell to their determined assault. On July 30, they launched an attack and captured Ulama, nearly catching General Mano's headquarters at Winge in the process, which forced the defenders to retreat towards Suaui. As momentum continued to build, the 2/5th Battalion pressed on, supported by heavy air strikes. By August 1, they had successfully taken Gwenik, further disrupting Japanese lines. The following day, as the Australians advanced along the Kaboibus Ridge, they successfully occupied the Kaboibus villages. To their astonishment, they encountered only minor opposition, underscoring the disarray within the Japanese ranks as the Australians continued their relentless push through the region. On August 4, 1945, the 2/5th Battalion successfully seized Ahegulim, a strategic location that added to their momentum. Three days later, they captured Malabeim, completing their objectives in the region. Following this success, the Australians began probing towards Mount Irup, further extending their influence over the landscape. Concurrently, on August 6, the 2/7th Battalion embarked on a wide movement from Sigora aimed at Kiarivu, reaching this target two days later. This advance was part of a broader campaign in which New Guinean troops also secured key areas such as Miyamboara and Mananingi, reflecting the persistent efforts of Moten's 17th Brigade as they conducted their final offensive actions. Turning to the eastern front, the 8th Brigade's 30th and 35th Battalions had relieved the 2/4th and 2/11th Battalions in early July, taking charge of the Wirui Creek-Mandi area. On July 13, Brigadier Martin, who had resumed command of the 19th Brigade, ordered the 2/8th Battalion to capture the critical positions known as The Blot and Hambrauri. Following this directive, the Australians successfully attacked and seized The Blot the very next day. On July 16, Hambrauri 1 fell into Australian hands without opposition, allowing them to begin probing towards another strategically important feature: St. Patrick's. After significant preparations and a heavy bombardment, St. Patrick's was captured on July 21. The following day, the 2/8th Battalion captured Hambrauri 2 with little resistance, showcasing their growing operational effectiveness. During this time, the 2/1st Battalion executed a diversionary thrust along the Sambukaua Track, drawing Japanese attention away from main Australian advances. Simultaneously, the 2/6th Commando Regiment faced daring infiltration attempts to the west in the vicinity of Boiken, further complicating the operational landscape. On June 24 five Japanese approaching along the beach entered the Angau compound at Wisling, stole 3 Owen guns, a pistol, and 3 Japanese rifles. A patrol followed these marauders, killed 2 and retrieved the weapons. Next day about 10 Japanese ambushed a party of the 2/10th Commando Squadron south of Boiken Plantation and killed Lieutenant Martin and wounded 4 others; and that night about 20 stole into the plantation. On June 28 signs were found that some 35 Japanese had slept the previous night 400 yards from a commando perimeter. On July 23 a commando patrol had a sharp clash with perhaps 40 Japanese in the hills south of Wanpea and more than 15 miles west of Wewak; 8 Japanese were killed as well as 4 Australians. The Japanese were justly proud of the valour and successes of the raiding parties which harassed the Australians between Wewak and Dagua in May, June and July. Several groups were organised and trained for these enterprises, the most celebrated being led by Lieutenant Saito Hachiro of the 78th Regiment who had first earned fame as a patrol leader in the Huon Peninsula fighting. In June his party set off to raid Maprik, but was intercepted, Saito and most of his followers being killed. From June 15 onwards two parties of raiders operated in the Karawop and Boiken areas with the object of diverting their enemy's strength away from the 51st Division farther east. These parties, which claimed to have killed more than 100 Australians (a wild overestimate) were the ones coped with by the 2/6th Commando Regiment. Another series of raids in late July and early August were considered less successful, because of improved Australian security measures. On July 25, Japanese General Adachi issued orders for a "last stand" around the areas of Nyakombi and Sassuia. The main body of the 18th Army was now in an are facing north and west. The 51st Division was on the right opposing the troops advancing from Wewak, the 20th Division in the centre and the 41st on the left. Yoshiwara had now reported that the food resources of the Sepik area were less than had been believed, though there might be more in the hinterland. Already about 2,800 troops were stationed in the Sepik Valley from Marienberg to about Kanganaman and were living off the country. Adachi decided to make a last stand in the area embracing, in the north, Nyakombi and Sassuia. Here they would fight on "as long as ammunition and food are available and at least until the end of September". Liaison was to be maintained with the force in the Sepik area which was to prepare to carry on "ambush warfare" after the main force had been wiped out. This plan had been conveyed to Field Marshal Terauchi, commanding the Southern Army, and he approved it on 8th July. Despite its many setbacks during the campaign, Terauchi sent a citation to the 18th Army. It was the first time that a Japanese army had been so honoured. The citation ran: "To the 18th Army and all attached units: With Lieut-General Hatazo Adachi as your com-mander, you have fought vigorously for three years in north-east New Guinea, where numerous epidemics prevailed and where the terrain was hitherto unknown to any Japanese. When the enemy occupied the west coast in April 1944, to cut off supplies, you learned to live off grass and trees, and by making the best of the situation, you conquered all unfavourable conditions. Officers and soldiers alike displayed the true spirit of the Japanese Army. Wherever you encountered the enemy, you crushed them and inflicted many casualties. You have inspired fear into the hearts of the enemy and diverted their sea and air strength, thereby contributing much to the Southern Army's operations and furthermore, to all the Armies of the Empire. You were able to accomplish this through the excellent leadership, planning, fidelity and character of your Army Commander. By the sense of sincerity, loyalty and moral obligation of all the troops, you have set a model for all men to follow. I hereby present this citation and proclaim this to all the Armies." Amidst these developments, Major General Stevens was orchestrating a series of troop reliefs along the front lines. King's 16th Brigade was set to replace the 19th Brigade, which in turn would relieve the 17th Brigade to the west, ensuring continuous pressure on Japanese positions while maintaining the momentum of the Australian advance. Consequently, on July 28, 1945, the 2/2nd Battalion relieved the 2/8th in the Hambrauri area, immediately dispatching patrols to probe towards Numoikum. Their operational efforts culminated in the successful seizure of Mount Shoto on August 2. By August 6, with the backing of artillery fire, the Australians had secured Numoikum and Rindogim. However, this marked the last offensive action in the area, as the Australians shifted their focus to patrolling forward in order to consolidate their gains. By the end of the Aitape-Wewak Campaign, the 6th Division had sustained significant casualties, with 442 men killed and 1,141 wounded, while inflicting heavy losses on Japanese forces, estimated at around 9,000 killed and capturing 269 prisoners. With this chapter closed, it was time to shift the scene to Balikpapan, where the conclusion of the Borneo Campaign awaited. As we rejoin the action, by July 9, General Milford's 7th Australian Division had largely secured the Balikpapan area. Brigadier Chilton's 18th Brigade executed a successful landing at Penadjam, Djinabora, and Teloktebang on the western side of the bay. Simultaneously, Brigadier Eather's 25th Brigade advanced towards Batuchampar along Milford Highway, while Brigadier Dougherty's 21st Brigade secured key positions in the Sepinggang and Manggar areas. On July 10, the 2/31st Battalion secured the Cello position and the fallen-timber area directly in front with crucial support from artillery and tanks. In a bold move, one of their companies launched an attack towards the position known as Coke; however, this assault was met with fierce resistance and was ultimately repelled by intense crossfire from well-entrenched defenders. To the left of their advance, the 2/6th Commando Squadron probed toward Sumber Kiri, successfully securing the village and bolstering the Australians' hold in the region. At this moment, the 2/27th Battalion took over the left flank at Manggar, which allowed the exhausted 2/14th Battalion to probe towards Sambodja without risk of being outflanked. The next day, as the 2/27th moved through the 2/14th to occupy Lamaru, the 2/25th Battalion began the process of relieving the weary 2/31st, ensuring that fresh forces could continue the advance. On July 12, the commandos initiated probing operations towards a position known as Charm, successfully occupying both Cloncurry and Abash in the following two days. These captures were significant in securing the area and maintaining the momentum of the Australian advance through Balikpapan. After extensive patrolling on both sides of the highway, the 2/25th Battalion finally dispatched two companies on July 14 to occupy the strategic locations of Cart and Calm. These efforts led to the successful securing of Cocoa, Calm, and Chair, all achieved without resistance. That same day, to the east, patrols discovered Amborawang and the ridges north of Bale unoccupied. Recognizing this opportunity, the 2/27th Battalion moved into the area three days later. On July 15, the 2/9th Battalion sent patrols towards Separi and along the Parehpareh River, aiming to cut the enemy's lines of communication. Concurrently, the 2/25th Battalion solidified its control over Cart, enabling them to dominate the highway from both the east and west. However, their position was soon contested as they faced a series of heavy Japanese counterattacks during the following nights, testing their resolve and defensive capabilities. By July 17, the 2/25th had moved to occupy Charm, situated prominently by the highway, while a company from the 2/33rd Battalion took over Cart, allowing both units to repel yet another strong night counterattack from Japanese forces. The next day, the 2/27th finally entered the unoccupied Sambodja area, while patrols began to probe westward toward the Milford Highway. On July 19, the 2/31st Battalion cleared the last remnants of Japanese presence from the highway, paving the way for uninterrupted Australian operations. The following day, the 2/25th destroyed a robust enemy pocket, allowing them to occupy Abide without further incident. On July 21, the remaining Japanese forces retreated from the Batuchampar area, prompting the Australians to push toward Pope's Track while extensively patrolling northward. By this time, the bulk of the 2/1st Pioneer Battalion had been landed at Djinabora, establishing a patrol base in the Tempadung area. A week later, following a naval bombardment, the Australians occupied Pamaluan and began probing operations to the east and north. This series of actions marked the conclusion of the Battle of Balikpapan. The Australians opted to halt any offensive operations at this point and instead focus on consolidating their positions through enhanced patrolling. During the course of the battle, Australian forces tragically suffered 229 killed and 634 wounded, while inflicting significant losses on the Japanese, with approximately 2,032 killed and 63 captured. Thus, Australian casualties for the broader Borneo Campaign totaled around 2,100, while Japanese losses were estimated at around 4,700. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. General George Stevens led brave troops against the entrenched Japanese forces aiming to capture the strategic town of Wewak. Despite fierce resistance and rugged terrain, they successfully advanced, featuring key victories after relentless battles. Australian artillery and infantry engaged in daring assaults, securing vital positions like the Kumbungua Ridge and establishing airfields. As the campaign progressed, Japanese forces dwindled, ultimately surrendering at Wewak.
In a very special episode, Philippine Secretary of National Defense Gilbert "Gibo" Teodoro sat down with co-host Ray Powell for an exclusive in-person interview at his Manila office, delivering insights into the Philippines' defense strategy to counter China's aggression in the West Philippine Sea.Secretary Teodoro emphasized that defending the Philippines matters globally because maritime violations anywhere threaten the international order. "If we are to preserve an international order, imperfect as it is, then we should care if anyone's country, no matter how small, is violated," Teodoro stated. He noted that China's approach appears focused on weakening alliances between the United States and its partners.The defense chief highlighted that multiple nations support the Philippines' stand, including Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and European G7 countries, all facing similar challenges from Chinese gray zone aggression.Secretary Teodoro outlined the Philippines' shift from its traditional post-invasion land defense to a proactive deterrent strategy called the Comprehensive Archipelagic Defense Concept. This multi-domain approach recognizes that modern conflicts begin with information warfare, cyber attacks, and hybrid operations before physical invasion.The strategy aims to secure the Philippines' 80% water, 20% land territory under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, protecting fishing grounds from Chinese coast guard, maritime militia and fishing vessels that have violated Philippine maritime rights and severely degraded its traditional fishing areas.The defense secretary discussed modernization efforts under the Re-Horizon 3 program, moving beyond the country's outdated 15-year planning cycles. Key investments he is pursuing include:- Strategic infrastructure and bases to fortify outer territorial boundaries- Secure connectivity and domain awareness across 2 million square kilometers of maritime area- Medium-range missile capabilities and multi-role fighters- Hybrid warfare tools, including drones and unmanned systems- Cognitive warfare capabilities to combat PRC disinformation- Force structure expansion beyond the current 162,000 personnel for a country of over 120 million.Teodoro addressed China's information warfare efforts, including attempts to censor “Food Delivery”, a West Philippine Sea documentary that recently won awards in New Zealand. He also discussed confrontational tabloid tactics by China Daily reporters at Singapore's Shangri-La Dialogue. The interview revealed the significant evolution of Philippine-Japan defense cooperation, with both nations facing similar Chinese territorial challenges. Japan's proposed "one-theater concept" creates an operational convergence between the US Indo-Pacific Command, Japan, the Philippines, and Australia, as does the country's recently approved Reciprocal Access Agreement with Japan.Teodoro addressed the impact on Filipino fishermen excluded from traditional fishing grounds at Scarborough Shoal. China has no right to exclude anyone from these waters, the secretary emphasized, according to international law and the landmark 2016 Arbitral Tribunal ruling.The defense chief noted how China's West Philippine Sea actions have become the primary catalyst for international convergence in opposition to Beijing, with countries recognizing that "if China can do it here, then other countries can do it in their own areas".Teodoro observed that 90% of Filipinos distrust China due to current leadership's actions, suggesting Chinese leadership will face accountability for damaging its international standing and uniting its adversaries in opposition.Sponsored by BowerGroupAsia
Last month's M&W set at Green Bar will be uploaded in a future episode, in order to make way for this month's special "Cali-Jentes West Coast Smooth Jazz" opening set by none other than Markus Jentes, whose birthday we'll be celebrating this upcoming Wednesday July 16.BACKGROUND -For those who aren't aware, Markus (a.k.a. Mark Cali-Jentes) and I, Elian, go way way back. We first played together a Bellissima in the Fort Strip where we were introduced by common friend Wendell Garcia in 2003. Mark not only played at but also did the graphic design for the unforgettable Paseo Uno LOUNGE pool party series I organized with the Mandarin Oriental in 2004. Mark and I then teamed up with Martin Wisniewski to help turn M Café into Makati's top nightspot in 2005 with the MyHOUSE weekly parties. 20 years later, Mark and I are back behind the decks once a month at Green Bar with the Music & Wine parties. As for Inés, she's known Mark as long as I have, maybe even longer, and we're all still the closest of friends today.Aside from being a great DJ, Mark is today one of the Philippines' most engaging artists. You can find his exquisite paintings exhibited in galleries around Manila or on his website at www.markusjentes.art Having studied the visual arts at Pepperdine University in Los Angeles in the 90s, he fell in love with California's brand of smooth jazz, listening to the likes of Bob James, David Benoit, Lee Ritenour, and David Sanborn, to name a few. This is the vibe that Mark recreates in his set for this week's podcast. DJ SETS -Mark and I happen to be performing together this Friday July 11 at the closing party of Chotto Matte in BGC starting at 6pm sharp. So come join us for Happy Hour if you're in the area!We're also celebrating Mark's birthday this upcoming Wednesday July 16 at M&W Green Bar in Legaspi Village, Makati, starting at 5pm. You DON'T wanna miss that. And now, 2 hours of California smooth jazz (Mark's opening set) followed by 2 hours of deep house music (my closing set) recorded at Green Bar in April. Enjoy!Elian & Inés
Welcome back to the Dynasty Rewind Dynasty Fantasy Football Podcast! On this episode, join Michael Bower and Nate Christian as they are joined by special guest Shane Manila for a Scott Fish Bowl 15 mock draft! Listen in as we discuss the scoring settings and how we navigate them, AND the vaunted third round reversal! Not in the Fish Bowl? No problem. This mock will teach you how to navigate and appreciate drafting in other scoring settings!Stay tuned every week as we are your go to source for all things 2025 Rookie draft, college fantasy football, dynasty strategy and dynasty trade related!Note that some of the links below are affiliate links that if used we will receive a small commission. There is no additional cost to you, it is just another way to support this channel. We thank you for your support!Check out https://www.patreon.com/dynastyrewind for:-Dynasty Rankings, -Rookie Rankings, -Bonus Podcasts, and -Exclusive Written Content! -Not to mention access to our growing community!-(NEW) Access to our very own Fantasy Football DatabaseTeaser Video WATCH HERE: https://youtu.be/gzJcWg07QYY Want to support the brand and look good doing it? Head on over to our merchandise store and browse T Shirts, Sweatshirts, Hats and much more! https://dynasty-rewind.myspreadshop.com/ Support the channel, become a YouTube Channel Member here and gain access to exclusive perks!: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoIzz8hVm9O-yAdEhC--ZFg/join Want another great way to support the brand, and it's absolutely FREE? Leave us a 5 star review on Apple Podcasts! https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/dynasty-rewind/id1465847336Want all the access to the Patreon pods WITHOUT going through Patreon? Head on over to Spotify now and become a paid subscriber to gain access to all bonus podcasts, for only $2.99 a month! Don't worry, our main pods will always remain free! Subscribe to our Podcast wherever YOU Enjoy Podcasts! https://linktr.ee/DynastyRewind Follow the podcast on X @DynastyRewindFollow the Podcast on Instagram @dynasty_rewindFollow the boys from the pod @RewindCEO @NateNFLFind our other friends and contributors: @fflumberjack @pegleggump @Sean_4nier @All22_FF @hoffspur
This episode isn't about politics- it's about power moves. No matter how you feel about Trump or the current administration, the Big Beautiful Bill is now law, and it's already reshaping the game for small business owners. From permanent tax breaks and new deductions to hidden risks and long-term pressure, we lay out the real playbook for entrepreneurs who want to move smarter while others argue.
Found in virtually every Filipino bathroom from the humblest provincial home to the most luxurious Manila condo, the tabo—that simple plastic water dipper—carries far more cultural weight than its unassuming appearance suggests. In this episode, we trace the tabo's fascinating journey from coconut shell origins in pre-colonial times to its status as a powerful marker of Filipino identity worldwide. Why do overseas Filipinos pack tabos in their luggage? How did this humble dipper spark "hygiene wars" on social media? And what did early Spanish missionaries really think about Filipino bathing habits? From ancient hospitality rituals to modern environmental concerns, we explore how a simple household object became both a symbol of cultural resilience and a source of unexpected controversy. Whether you're a lifelong tabo user or someone who's always wondered about that mysterious plastic cup in Filipino bathrooms, this episode dips into the surprising depth behind one of the Philippines' most ubiquitous yet overlooked cultural artifacts.
It's the oldest Communist guerrilla group in the world. The New People's Army (NPA) has waged a violent campaign against the Philippine government since 1969. The conflict has killed an estimated 40,000 people. But today, the rebel group is struggling. Since the failure of a 2019 ceasefire, Manila has hunted down Communist sympathisers, mainly in the movement's rural strongholds.
Last time we spoke about liberation of Luzon.. American forces, led by General Eichelberger and supported by General Krueger's armies, relentlessly advanced against the entrenched Japanese defenders of General Yamashita's 14th Area Army. Amid thick jungle and treacherous terrain, battles raged through the northern mountain ranges, as American troops aimed to restore the Filipino government. Facing overwhelming odds, the Japanese forces displayed extraordinary resilience, temporarily halting American progress. Remarkable efforts from General Swift's 1st Corps across Routes 9 and 11 led to significant breakthroughs as American forces captured critical positions, including Sablan and Baguio. However, the Japanese command, complacent and misjudging the American strategy, fell into disarray. As the tide turned with relentless American assaults, key Japanese positions were systematically dismantled. By late April, most of Luzon was liberated, restoring hope and autonomy to the Filipino people. This episode is Invasion of Balikpapan Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945. The battles for Okinawa and Luzon just closed up, and today we are going to be venturing back to the Dutch East Indies. As we left off in mid-May, the tides of war were shifting dramatically on the island of Luzon, with General Krueger's 6th Army celebrating significant victories across the region. In the north, General Swift's 1st Corps had successfully secured the scenic Baguio area, known for its lush mountains and cool climate, a stark contrast to the tropical heat that engulfed much of the Philippines. Yet, the fighting was far from over, as fierce battles continued on three major fronts. Colonel Volckmann's guerrilla 121st Regiment was making strides, snagging much of the strategically vital Bessang Pass, a crucial artery connecting northern Luzon to the central regions. However, their success came at a cost, leaving them overextended amidst fierce Japanese resistance. Meanwhile, General Gill's weary 32nd Division managed to claim dominance over the rugged terrain of Salacsac Pass along the historic Villa Verde Trail, known for its breathtaking views and treacherous paths that had challenged both soldiers and their supply lines. General Mullins' 25th Division achieved a remarkable breakthrough by capturing the key Balete Pass, opening the way for further advances. Not stopping there, the 25th Division pressed onward, quickly redirecting their focus northward towards the town of Santa Fe. By May 24, the 27th Regiment had cleared the Sawmill River valley, an area teeming with dense foliage and rugged hills, a significant accomplishment that paved the way for the next objectives. From there, the 1st Battalion expertly maneuvered eastward against the imposing Kanami Ridge. On May 22, the 161st Regiment dealt a heavy blow to Japanese positions in a stronghold on Mount Haruna, a location known for its steep, challenging slopes. Following this triumph, they began their descent down the northern slopes of Haruna Ridge, gearing up for a critical junction with the Villa Verde Trail by May 27. Meanwhile, the 35th Regiment launched a vigorous assault from Balete Pass, systematically clearing out the remaining Japanese caves and fortifications by May 26, culminating in the capture of Santa Fe the very next day. At Salacsac, the Japanese forces, led by General Iwanaka, initiated a limited counteroffensive, presumably to buy time for a strategic evacuation of their increasingly tenuous positions. If delay was indeed Iwanaka's intention, he executed it well; it wasn't until May 19 that the American supply line was finally deemed secure again. The 2nd Battalion of the 128th Regiment resumed its push east from Hill 525, but the progress was slow. By May 22, the 1st Battalion had only managed to advance a mere 500 yards east from Hill 508, while the 3rd Battalion commenced a southward and southeastward advance from Hill 516 on May 16. It was not until May 24 that the relentless fighting in the region bore fruit, leading to the eventual clearing of the area, and Salacsac Pass was officially declared secured. On that pivotal day, General Iwanaka began the difficult task of withdrawing the remnants of his battered forces northward, retreating up the winding valley of the Imugan River. This river, which flows through a lush, verdant landscape, would serve as a vital sanctuary, albeit one fraught with danger for the disheartened Japanese troops. Meanwhile, the American forces were gaining ground. The 2nd Battalion aggressively seized control of Hill 527, a position that provided a commanding view of the surrounding area, crucial for planning further advances. The 126th Regiment took decisive action, utilizing trucks to transport troops swiftly along Route 5 to Balete Pass before launching an assault toward Imugan from the east and southeast. Concurrently, the guerrilla 1st Battalion of the Buena Vista Regiment embarked on a northward push from Valdez, culminating in the hard-fought capture of Hill 528 on May 28. This hill, commanding and steep, presented a formidable challenge but also promised a vantage point critical for any further operations in the region. The very next day, Imugan finally succumbed to the relentless pressure of the advancing American forces, marking a significant milestone as the Villa Verde Trail came firmly under American control. This development effectively concluded the arduous operations of the 32nd Division. It was a costly campaign for General Gill; the division suffered approximately 825 men killed, 2,160 wounded, with an alarming 6,000 classified as non-battle casualties. In stark contrast, the Japanese defense was decimated, with at least 5,750 of the 8,750 troops they had deployed to defend the trail lying dead. As we gaze northward, we find Colonel Volckmann's guerrillas, who had extended themselves too thinly across Bessang Pass and into the challenging terrain of Yubo Ridge. The aftermath of their overreach saw them facing fierce Japanese counterattacks that swiftly pushed them back across Lamagan Ridge in the latter part of May. However, a small contingent managed to hold tenaciously onto the eastern slopes of Langiatan Hill, a strategic position that allowed them to maintain some level of influence in the region. Additionally, a robust force from the Japanese 76th Regiment assembled south of Butac, planning an offensive northward. However, this advance was met with fierce resistance from the guerrilla 15th Regiment, who successfully repelled the attack. Seizing the momentum, Volckmann directed the 15th Regiment into a new offensive eastward, and by the end of May, they had successfully re-secured their foothold up to Lamagan Ridge. Meanwhile, elements of the 121st Regiment executed a remarkable retaking of both Langiatan Hill and Yubo Ridge, gradually restoring control over this strategically vital area. Looking south, we find General Hall's 11th Corps vigorously engaged in two crucial offensives aimed at capturing Ipo Dam and Wawa Dam, both essential water reservoirs located east of Manila. The strategic importance of these dams cannot be overstated; they were vital not only for securing fresh water but also for controlling the flow of operations in the region. However, the relentless heavy downpours that characterized the season rendered air support missions impractical, exacerbating an already challenging supply situation for the advancing troops. As a result, General Wing's 43rd Division was forced to pause its offensive late on May 14 to reassess and devise new attack plans. As of late May 14, the 43rd Division found itself in a precarious situation, necessitating a halt to operations to devise new attack plans. To this point, the division had made limited progress toward securing Route 52, a crucial supply line vital for their mission to capture Ipo Dam. Recognizing the urgency, General Wing decided it was essential to commit the 169th Regiment to a targeted attack to clear this road, as it would serve as a critical route for both supply and evacuation in the coming days. The adverse weather conditions had created a significant operational hindrance. For nearly the entire duration of their offensive, intermittent rains had severely disrupted ground and aerial supply chains, as well as evacuation and the crucial air support operations necessary for a successful advance. Ground conditions had become challenging, and division engineers struggled to construct and maintain supply roads at a pace even close to that of the infantry's advances. Consequently, supply drops and hand-carried provisions were just sufficient to keep combat units barely above the minimum required levels, but the evacuation of sick and wounded soldiers remained a pressing issue that plagued the division. By May 14, the situation worsened significantly. For the first time since May 6, the 5th Air Force was completely grounded, unable to conduct any air support or supply missions due to the worsening weather conditions. This represented a troubling turning point for the 43rd Division. Moreover, intelligence reports indicated that sizable groups from the Japanese Tomono and Hanabusa Detachments had shifted their focus away from their defenses along Route 52, moving instead to confront the 103rd and 172nd Regiments attacking from the south. General Wing recognized that this presented a timely opportunity for the 169th Regiment. Striking directly along Route 52 would likely be far easier and less costly than it would have been just a week prior. Furthermore, a successful offensive by the 169th could not only expedite the capture of Ipo Dam but also prevent further eastward redeployments of Japanese forces. This would be a vital maneuver, potentially relieving pressure from Fork Ridge, where the left flank of the 172nd Regiment was currently bogged down in fierce fighting. Time was of the essence, and decisive action was required to turn the tide in favor of the 43rd Division. The situation was critical; delay would allow Japanese forces to fortify their defenses further. In response, Wing mapped out a robust plan: he directed the 103rd Regiment to capture the Route 52 terminus at Ipo Dam itself, which was crucial for any further advances. Their orders included not only taking control of the dam but also clearing the high ground north of the road and west of the dam to ensure a secure position against any possible counterattacks. Additionally, he tasked the 172nd Regiment with seizing Hill 804, a vantage point that could provide vital intelligence and support to the offensive, while the 169th Regiment was directed to eliminate the last Japanese defenders in the Bigti area before advancing eastward along Route 52 to connect with the 172nd. A break in the weather finally came on May 17, allowing the 43rd Division to launch their offensive with much-needed air support. Aircraft successfully dropped napalm and strafed Japanese defensive positions, a strategy that proved devastatingly effective. General Kawashima, facing mounting losses, ultimately ordered the remnants of his command to withdraw to an assembly point on the western slopes of Mount Maranat, a retreat that revealed their deteriorating ability to hold the line. With the air support providing a critical advantage, the 103rd Regiment advanced boldly and swiftly cleared the last Japanese holdouts from Hill 860, securing an essential position. However, it was the guerrilla forces, under the command of Colonel Augustin, from the Marking Regiment who achieved a historic victory by capturing Ipo Dam shortly after noon. His patrols descended the slopes of Hill 803, crossed the Angat River at the dam, and triumphantly raised the American flag over the powerhouse on the south bank, a potent symbol of liberation and resistance. Simultaneously, the 172nd Regiment seized control of Fork Ridge, further tightening the noose around Japanese forces, while the 169th Regiment secured strategic ground from Hill 535 to Osboy Ridge, pushing forward with relentless determination. In the following four days, the 43rd Division, supported by the fearless Marking guerrillas, meticulously mopped up the area west of Ipo Dam. Their efforts culminated in the successful opening of Route 52 from Bigti to Ipo on May 19, a critical milestone that allowed for the unhindered movement of troops and supplies. By May 21, they completed the operation by clearing out the last pockets of organized resistance in the region west of the dam and south of the Angat River, a crucial waterway that would play a significant role in sustaining American operations. With the capture of Ipo Dam intact, General Wing achieved his primary objective, making a significant contribution to addressing Manila's pressing water supply problems. This success would have lasting implications for the civilians and military alike, as the dam was key to ensuring a reliable water supply in the region. The 43rd Division maintained its momentum, continuing mopping-up operations through May 31. They patrolled eastward across the Ipo River, pressed northeast up the Angat from the dam, and scoured the areas that had witnessed some of the most intense fighting during the campaign. The cost of these operations was notable; Wing's forces suffered losses of 120 killed and 515 wounded, while the Kawashima Force endured devastating casualties, with over 2,700 men killed and approximately 115 captured during the grueling battle. Meanwhile, General Chase's 38th Division pressed forward with its offensive against Wawa Dam, following the failure of General Yokoyama's most recent counteroffensive. The 145th Regiment found itself holding a precariously exposed salient at Mount Binicayan, which severely hampered their ability to launch an effective attack toward Wawa Dam. Japanese positions on the high ground to the north of the dam dominated the narrow, winding road with artillery, mortar, and machine-gun fire, making any advance perilous. In response to this daunting challenge, General Chase decided to launch an offensive with the 151st Regiment in the area north of the Marikina River, targeting the formidable Mounts Pamitinan and Hapanong-Banoy. This bold maneuver was contingent upon the 152nd Regiment gaining momentum in its attack to clear Woodpecker Ridge. As such, on May 19 and 20, the 152nd Regiment executed enveloping maneuvers centered on Woodpecker Ridge, ultimately breaking through enemy lines on May 21. The breakthrough was dramatically supported by the introduction of medium tanks and flamethrower tanks, powerful assets that helped turn the tide of battle. The following day, what began as a breakthrough rapidly escalated into a rout of Japanese defenders. By May 25, the 152nd Regiment had established control over the strategic junction of the Marikina and Bosoboso Rivers, a key position that not only bolstered their operational capabilities but also positioned them for further advances in the ongoing campaign. As Japanese resistance began to dissipate under the relentless pressure from the advancing American forces, the 149th Regiment, which had successfully relieved the 145th at Mount Binicayan, launched a bold strike toward Wawa Dam on May 27. Encountering little to no opposition, they secured the dam intact the following morning, marking a significant victory. It was on May 27 that General Yokoyama ordered a general retreat, recognizing the untenable position of his forces. Acting on these instructions, General Kobayashi's remaining troops fell back, pursued by vigilant patrols from the 38th Division. With Wawa Dam secured, General Chase shifted his strategy; rather than launching direct assaults against organized Japanese lines, he opted to focus on mopping up operations and pursuing the retreating enemy. The human cost of the campaign was significant. Chase's forces sustained losses of 160 killed and 590 wounded, while the Kobayashi Force suffered catastrophic losses, with over 10,000 men killed since the onset of the offensive. Shifting focus southeast, the 7th Cavalry and Lieutenant Colonel Bernard Anderson's guerrillas converged on the coastal town of Infanta in late May. Faced with overwhelming pressure, the Japanese naval garrison retreated westward into the Sierra Madre mountains, a rugged and dense area that posed challenges for both sides. Infanta ultimately fell on May 25, and by the evening of the following day, the reinforced 7th Cavalry had successfully cleared the entire flat, rice-rich region surrounding the town, encountering only scattered and ineffective resistance. In a strategic move bolstered by overwater supply movements, the 7th Cavalry implemented an aggressive patrolling program to the southwest, seeking out any remaining enemy forces. Meanwhile, the 8th Cavalry focused its efforts on clearing the northern section of Santa Maria Valley, advancing northward into the Sierra Madre. By the end of May, the Shimbu Group, once a significant Japanese fighting force, was rendered ineffective. Its main units began to disband, breaking into small groups in a desperate bid to forage for food or to navigate their way to safety in northern Luzon. At the end of May, the Shimbu Group still boasted a strength of nearly 26,000 men, over half of its total personnel as of February 20. However, the remaining survivors were not the elite forces they once were. The relentless campaigns by the 11th and 14th Corps had decimated the best-trained and most well-equipped units, leaving behind a shell of what had once been a formidable fighting force. Of the approximately 13,000 survivors still organized into units, their combat effectiveness had deteriorated so significantly that it's worthy of mention only in passing. Meanwhile, about 13,000 others were struggling to survive without proper organization; roughly 5,000 of these were receiving whatever limited medical treatment the Shimbu Group could provide. The remaining 8,000 men had essentially lost all structure, scattering into small groups to forage for food or attempting to make their way north to Luzon, where they hoped to find safety and sustenance. The supply situation faced by the Shimbu Group at the end of May was even more dire than its personnel situation. They had been unable to transport significant portions of their vast stockpiles of supplies into the Sierra Madre mountains, a shortfall that would prove catastrophic for their survival. The only supplies they still possessed in any quantity were ammunition for small arms and machine guns, alongside medical materials for treating combat wounds. The most pressing issue, however, was a critical lack of food. The early loss of several key agricultural regions, including the Bosoboso Valley, the shores of Laguna de Bay, the Santa Maria Valley, and the fertile Infanta region, had deprived the Shimbu Group of expected food stocks. Most of the supplies brought out of Manila had already been consumed. For instance, the organized remnant of the Noguchi Force could currently allocate a meager two ounces of rice per day for each man—a portion that would undoubtedly vanish by mid-June. The Kobayashi Force fared little better, while the Kawashima Force managed to issue slightly more, around six to eight ounces of rice daily. The troops were gradually reduced to scavenging for survival, resorting to eating roots, bark, grass, and whatever food they could find in long-abandoned Filipino gardens. It's worth noting that after just a few days in June, there wasn't a single pig, carabao, or dog left alive within sight of the remnants of the Shimbu Group. Recognizing that mere existence was the overarching challenge, General Yokoyama hoped to regroup his organized units and move them into areas where they might have some chance to cultivate food, scattering them through the challenging terrain of the Sierra Madre. This desperate strategy highlighted the dire straits faced by the Shimbu Group as their chances for survival dwindled. Meanwhile, the Noguchi Force received orders to transfer its main strength to the mountainous region along the eastern shore of Laguna de Bay, where some of its elements were already positioned. This shift aimed to gather their forces in a more favorable terrain, potentially allowing for better access to resources. The Kobayashi Force was tasked with establishing a defensive sector in the area north of Mount Purro and east of Wawa. In a coordinated effort, the 31st Infantry, minus its 3rd Battalion, along with various miscellaneous troops from the 8th Division, were ordered to occupy positions north of the Lenatin River, enhancing their defensive capabilities in a strategic location. The remnants of the Kawashima Force, already in the process of withdrawing from the Ipo Dam area, were instructed to relocate to the mountains east of San Miguel, approximately 22 miles northwest of Ipo. This area was believed to have more abundant food supplies, crucial for the survival of their forces. However, as circumstances unfolded, this transfer later proved impossible. Unable to move effectively, the bulk of the Kawashima Force remained entrenched in the area surrounding Mount Inuman, where they faced mounting challenges in sustaining their troops. In the following month, General Hall directed the 38th Division and Major Edwin Ramsey's 2nd Provisional Regiment to pursue the remnants of Yokoyama's forces as they moved eastward toward Santa Iñez. Meanwhile, the 112th Cavalry employed various mountain and river valley trails to mount a converging attack from the south. They encountered light opposition and successfully captured the town on June 9, further consolidating their gains in the region. At the same time, patrols from the 43rd Division reported no signs of organized resistance north and east of Ipo Dam. The 2nd Cavalry Brigade, alongside Anderson's guerrillas, effectively dispersed the last organized remnants of the Kogure Detachment and the remaining Japanese naval units at Lamon Bay. By the end of June, the only indication of organized Japanese resistance in an area extending five miles north and ten miles east of Wawa Dam was found in the Lenatin River valley, approximately three miles north of Santa Iñez. This development forced the remnants of Yokoyama's forces into trackless and only partially explored wilderness, significantly complicating their ability to regroup or launch further operations. The operations throughout June were costly for Hall, resulting in approximately 110 men killed and 370 wounded. In contrast, Japanese losses during the month were staggering, amounting to 7,540 killed or found dead, alongside 1,105 captured. Looking back north, General Yamashita aimed to avoid a similar fate for his northern forces. Ever since the fall of Baguio, he had been meticulously planning for the ultimate withdrawal of the Shobu Group deep into the Cordillera Central. On May 5, less than two weeks following the fall of Baguio, General Yamashita disseminated an outline plan for future operations to the major components of the Shobu Group throughout northern Luzon. His strategy was built on three fundamental premises: Estimation of Enemy Actions: Yamashita assessed that the 6th Army would concentrate its main effort on a northward drive along Route 5, anticipating that General Krueger would only launch secondary attacks toward Bontoc via Routes 4 and 11. This understanding allowed him to anticipate the flow of enemy movements and allocate his resources more effectively. Timing for Resource Stripping: He calculated that the Shobu Group would have approximately three months during which it could strip the Cagayan and Magat Valleys of the essential food and military supplies needed for a protracted stand in the mountains. During this period, the group aimed to transport this matériel into the Cordillera Central through the junction of Routes 4 and 5, located near Bagabag, 25 miles north on Route 5 from Bambang. Control of Key Routes: Yamashita recognized that the success of his planned withdrawal and future delaying actions hinged on maintaining control over the Routes 4-5 junction for as long as possible. He estimated that his defenses south of Santa Fe would be robust enough to hold until mid-June. Additionally, he planned to construct new defensive positions across Route 5 between Santa Fe and Bambang, enabling him to contain the 1st Corps south of Bambang until the end of June. Most crucially, he believed that he would be able to retain control of the Junction of Routes 4 and 5 until the end of July, which was essential for his operational strategy. His initial perimeter encompassed the vital Route 11 terminus of the Baguio-Aritao supply road, as well as key locations such as Bessang Pass, Bontoc, Banaue, Oriung Pass, and Santa Fe In his May 5 plan, Yamashita outlined the necessity of holding the Salacsac Pass-Balete Pass line until mid-June while constructing additional defenses between Santa Fe and Bambang. After mid-June, the Japanese forces were to withdraw to a second perimeter, extending through Ambuclao, Mankayan, Sabangan, Bontoc, Oriung Pass, and Bambang, strategically positioning themselves for potential future engagements. Yamashita understood that these defenses would need to hold until July, when the defenders would be expected to retreat to his last-stand positions centered around Bokod, Mankayan, Polis Pass, the Rayambugan Farm School, and Bambang. He anticipated that the Shobu Group would be compelled to hold their ground until annihilation at these key locations. On April 27, the 103rd Division received orders from the Area Army to transfer its main strength to the Cauayan-Cabagan area, leaving behind only the Yuguchi Detachment 80th Brigade Headquarters in Aparri, which comprised a meager two battalions of nuclear infantry. Yamashita's plans called for virtually abandoning the Cagayan Valley, temporarily retaining only the 103rd Division, which was significantly outnumbered and equated to less than two American Regimental Combat Teams (RCTs), particularly since the Araki Force was stationed in the Cervantes area. The primary duty of the 103rd Division would be to gather all available resources in the valley, including rice and livestock such as carabaos, and dispatch these supplies into the Cordillera Central through Bagabag. Once this crucial task was completed, the division would also withdraw into the mountains, aligning with Yamashita's broader strategic objectives. Yamashita's decision to abandon the Cagayan Valley made logical sense. He realized that the forces he had remaining could not hold the valley for much longer. Additionally, there seemed little necessity to maintain a strong presence there any further. Initially, he had kept units in the valley to harvest and gather food, deny the Allied Air Forces of the Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA) the use of airfields for strikes against Formosa and Okinawa, and hold onto Aparri in the hope that supplies and reinforcements might still reach Luzon. However, by early May, Yamashita concluded that the situation at Okinawa was largely resolved, negating any strategic purpose behind holding the valley airfields. The hope for reinforcements had long since faded, and crucially, his troops had already gathered the early rice harvest from the valley. With no new crop expected to come in until late September, Yamashita recognized that he would not be able to harvest this future crop, further solidifying his decision to withdraw. Yamashita also ordered the 79th Brigade to take over the defense of Banaue, while directing the 105th Division to defend both the Magat Valley and the Bato Bridge area against potential airborne attacks. However, by the end of May, the situation deteriorated significantly: Santa Fe had fallen, and the retreat of the 10th Division had devolved into a chaotic rout. This development put the defenders at risk of allowing the enemy to reach Bambang before they could establish any strong delaying positions south of the town. In response, Yamashita ordered the 10th Division and the 2nd Tank Division to assemble for a defensive stand across Route 5 at Bato Bridge. He also repositioned the 105th Division to the Rayambugan Farm School and directed the 103rd Division to occupy the vacated defenses at Oriung Pass. Despite these strategic maneuvers, time was not on their side. General Krueger wasted no time launching an aggressive pursuit northward, immediately sending the relatively fresh 37th Division to drive straight up Route 5 from Santa Fe to Bagabag. This force was then to swing east through Oriung Pass into the Cagayan Valley, continuing its advance north along Route 5 toward Aparri. To prepare for a larger offensive, Krueger also intended to use the 25th and 33rd Divisions in the initial assault against the Japanese home islands. To this end, he directed the 32nd Division to take over operations in the Baguio area, while the 6th Division was tasked with relieving the 25th at Santa Fe before striking northwest up Route 4 into the deep Cordillera Central, pursuing the Japanese forces further into the mountainous terrain. Finally, Swift was ordered to execute limited attacks up Route 11 from Baguio, maintain the guerrilla offensive against Cervantes, and deploy the Connolly Task Force to follow Route 3 around the northwest tip of Luzon to secure the Aparri region. Leading the charge, the 129th Regiment of the 37th Division advanced north from Santa Fe on May 31, quickly encountering a reinforced provisional anti-tank unit just south of Aritao. This unit managed to delay the town's capture until June 5. However, the following day, Bambang fell without resistance, and the 129th faced only token opposition at Bato Bridge before ultimately reaching Bayombong on June 7. On June 8, the 145th Regiment took over the lead, and by nightfall, they had seized the crucial junction of Routes 4 and 5 near Bagabag without a fight. Advancing further, the 145th crossed the Magat River on June 9 and pressed toward Oriung Pass, where they rapidly engaged the reinforced 179th Independent Battalion. Although the outgunned and outnumbered defenders valiantly delayed the advance, the 145th pushed through the pass along Route 5 and secured it late on June 12. This breakthrough prompted the bulk of the 103rd Division to decide on a strategic retreat toward the Bontoc-Natonin area, while the remnants of the 4th Air Division abandoned Echague to join this withdrawal. By the evening of June 13, the 145th finally halted its advance at Santiago, while the 148th Regiment worked to neutralize the remaining Japanese positions at Oriung Pass. With these positions secured, the offensive resumed, resulting in the fall of the Echague airbase on June 14, followed by the occupation of Cauayan two days later. As we can see, neither the 10th Division nor the 2nd Tank Division managed to reach Bagabag in time to impede the American advance; the latter was assembling along the Bambang-Pingkian road. On June 12, the 20th Regiment initiated a southwest drive along this road from Bambang. Two days later, elements of the 126th Regiment began pushing west toward Pingkian from Aritao, thereby applying significant pressure on Iwanaka's beleaguered troops. Meanwhile, the 10th Division had become hopelessly cut off east of Route 5 and had retreated to the Old Spanish Trail south of Aritao. On June 11, the 25th Division launched a two-pronged attack against this isolated group, forcing General Okamoto's remnants to retreat eastward deep into the Sierra Madre. In the meantime, General Clarkson dispatched the 130th Regiment up Route 11, where they encountered the 58th Independent Mixed Brigade, which was only capable of weak resistance. Poor weather conditions hindered the 33rd Division's operations in the following days, but by June 15, elements of the 130th Regiment had swung east along the Baguio-Aritao supply road and reached Ambuclao on the Agno River. To the north, Volckmann continued his offensive throughout June, deploying the 121st Regiment to clear Route 4 and secure the northern half of Lamagan Ridge. The 15th Regiment was tasked with advancing to seize Upper Cadsu Ridge and then moving generally northeast along the south side of Route 4. Additionally, the still-arriving 66th Regiment aimed to secure the area south of Butac and swing to the east on the 15th's right flank. As a result, both Lamagan Ridge and Lower Cadsu Ridge were cleared by June 5, with the 15th Regiment then turning its focus toward Upper Cadsu while the 121st Regiment advanced directly toward Bessang Pass. Volckmann's Provisional Battalion launched an attack on Magun Hill and, after a series of minor setbacks, succeeded in clearing much of the area by June 10. On that day, the 121st Regiment initiated a final assault toward Bessang Pass, advancing from the west and southwest. The following day, the Provisional Battalion began pressing in from the north and northeast. Meanwhile, the 15th Regiment overran the last organized resistance on Upper Cadsu on June 12, just as the 66th Regiment was reaching the southwestern corner of the ridge. Supported by artillery, the 121st finally overcame the last organized defenses at Bessang Pass on June 14, establishing contact with the Provisional Battalion east of the pass. On the same day, the final pockets of opposition crumbled before the 15th and 66th Regiments south of the pass. Consequently, the remnants of Japanese forces fled east along Route 4 toward Cervantes, pursued by elements of the 15th and 121st Regiments, which successfully secured the town before dark on June 15. During this final offensive, the guerrillas suffered losses of 119 men killed and 120 wounded, while exaggerated estimates placed Japanese losses at around 2,600 killed. At the same time, by mid-June, the guerrilla 11th and 14th Regiments had cleared almost all the valley west of the Cagayan River, stretching from Cauayan north to Aparri. They also gained complete control over Route 11 from Bontoc to the valley, effectively preventing the 103rd Division from joining Yamashita's last-stand positions. Meanwhile, the Connolly Task Force, after a largely uneventful march, approached Aparri and began an attack on June 11 to clear the last Japanese forces from the area. The last event forcing Yamashita to alter his plans came on 13 June, when the 6th Division's 63d Infantry began probing northwest up Route 4 from Bagabag. The reconnaissance foreshadowed a push that Yamashita especially feared, since Route 4 provided direct access to the deep Cordillera Central. The 105th Division, with defenses across Route 4 at the Rayambugan Farm School, did not have sufficient strength to hold the highway, Yamashita knew. Recognizing that he could not hope to maintain control along any of the three perimeters he had established in May, Yamashita issued new orders for a strategic withdrawal to a last-stand area. This new perimeter would be set up along the inhospitable valley of the Asin River, positioned between Routes 4 and 11. Accordingly, the orders were as follows: The 105th Division was to retreat from Route 4 to the Pacdan-Antipolo line. The 2nd Tank Division was to move north and hold the line from Tubliao to Antipolo. The 23rd Division was tasked with defending along the Adaoay-Bokod line. The 58th Independent Mixed Brigade was to hold the Agno Valley from Buguias south to Adaoay. The 19th Division was to consolidate the bulk of its forces into the Agno Valley, defending the river line from the Loo Valley south to Buguias. The 79th Brigade was assigned to defend Route 390 at Hapao. Once this last-stand perimeter collapsed, Yamashita planned for all remaining forces to retreat into the barren Asin Valley between Toccucan and Kiangkiang, prepared to fight to the death. The area behind this new last-stand perimeter boasted excellent defensive terrain, and Yamashita estimated that most of his units had sufficient ammunition for machine guns, mortars, and small arms to hold their positions for an extended period. However, the Shobu Group faced dire challenges: they were virtually out of medical supplies, had no clothing stocks, and their food reserves would be completely exhausted by mid-September. If they were not annihilated by the advancing Filipino-American forces, the Shobu Group could only anticipate a slow death by starvation and disease. Now, it's time to shift focus from the Philippines and head to Borneo to cover the preparations for the invasion of Balikpapan, codenamed Operation Oboe II. As the 9th Australian Division completed its tasks in North Borneo, General Milford's 7th Australian Division was assembling at Morotai for the upcoming invasion scheduled for July 1. Milford's plan entailed an amphibious assault on a two-brigade front between the Klandasan Besar River and Klandasan town, where the Japanese had established their strongest defenses. In June, it was estimated that approximately 3,900 troops were stationed around Balikpapan, composed of: 1,500 in mobile units. 2,400 in anti-aircraft, air force, and base units. Additionally, there were 1,100 Japanese workers, 2,400 Indonesians, and 1,000 Formosans present. Near Samarinda, it was believed there were about 1,500 troops, plus possibly a battalion that had recently arrived from Tarakan. Experience had demonstrated that when estimating the strength of the enemy's resistance, every Japanese and Formosan, whether part of a fighting unit, base unit, or civilian labor group, had to be regarded as a combatant. Key defensive features included: At least 18 coast-defense guns, primarily located on ridges overlooking the sea. 26 heavy dual-purpose guns and 78 medium and light anti-aircraft guns. Offshore, between Klandasan and Manggar, rows of stout poles were driven into the seabed, horizontally braced with timber, and protected with barbed wire. An almost continuous anti-tank ditch, from 12 to 14 feet wide, extended above the beach from Stalkudo to Sepinggang. Extensive trench systems, with many tunnel openings, were detected on the ridges overlooking Klandasan. Numerous concrete strongpoints and a continuous line of bunkers lined the beach's fringe. This area was among the most strongly fortified that the Australians had encountered during the war. Indeed, Air Vice-Marshal Bostock, responsible for air support of the landing, cautioned the Prime Minister in a letter that these meticulously prepared defenses might result in Australian casualties comparable to those experienced during the landing at Gallipoli. It appeared that the Japanese had established their main defenses on the slopes overlooking the beaches from Klandasan to Stalkudo. The Australian staff believed the Japanese would attempt to contain the invaders within their beachhead area for as long as possible, before withdrawing inland, either south to Bandjermasin or overland to Bintulu in Sarawak. Additionally, it was anticipated that the enemy would direct burning oil onto the beach unless the oil tanks were destroyed during the preliminary bombardment. Brigadier Ivan Dougherty's 21st Brigade was to land with one battalion on Green Beach, while Brigadier Frederick Chilton's 18th Brigade would go ashore with two battalions on the Yellow and Red Beaches. Once a beachhead was secured, the 18th Brigade would seize the high ground dominating the town and clear the harbor for use, while the 21st Brigade would advance along the coast to capture the airstrips. Additionally, Brigadier Kenneth Eather's 25th Brigade, held in reserve, was set to land on July 2 with the likely objective of thrusting inland along the Milford Highway. Although Admiral Barbey favored a landing site farther east, possibly at Sepinggang, where their ships could be positioned more safely and further from Japanese coastal defense guns, Milford countered with sound reasoning: “Why land up the coast and have to fight miles through jungle, which suits the enemy, when you can go straight in under heavy supporting fire, which the enemy can't withstand, in comparatively open and favorable country?” Supported by General Morshead, this plan received approval, and by June 16, the 7th Division was successfully assembled at Morotai. Admiral Noble's Task Force 78 would once again transport the Australian troops to the landing area, supported by Rear-Admiral Ralph Riggs' cruiser group and Rear-Admiral William Sample's escort carriers. Against the Japanese defenses, Admiral Kamada's 22nd Special Base Force consisted of approximately 3,900 troops, with 1,500 in mobile units and 2,400 in anti-aircraft, air force, and base units, in addition to an estimated 4,500 laborers. In preparation for the invasion, aircraft from the Royal Australian Air Force and the 5th and 13th Air Forces began bombarding enemy defenses and storage tanks on June 4. These attacks intensified a week later as they specifically targeted Japanese gun positions. On June 15, Noble's minesweepers arrived to clear the sea around Balikpapan of magnetic mines, but faced losses, with three ships sunk and three damaged during the operation. Ten days later, American underwater demolition teams began working to locate and breach the underwater obstacles, often under heavy gunfire. To further confuse the enemy, efforts were made to create the impression that the landing would occur at Manggar. This included spreading rumors, landing a reconnaissance party in that area, and demolishing underwater obstacles at both Manggar and Sepinggang. Finally, on June 26, Noble's convoy set sail from Morotai. After an uneventful voyage, they reached Balikpapan unmolested just before dawn on July 1. During the morning, Riggs' cruisers and Noble's destroyers shelled the landing beaches and the defenses behind them, continuing the bombardment until the first waves of landing craft were within 1,300 yards of the shore, at which point the fire shifted to the flanks and rear of the enemy positions. About an hour before the landing, a combined rocket barrage and low-level airstrike were executed, followed by a second rocket barrage just ten minutes before the troops hit the beaches. In total, during the 20 days leading up to the assault, the Balikpapan-Manggar area received 3,000 tons of bombs, 7,361 rockets, 38,052 shells, and 114,000 rounds from automatic weapons, all aimed at crippling the formidable Japanese defenses. Covered by a successful bombardment, the assault waves finally hit the beaches just before 09:00. However, due to navigation errors, the troops were put ashore at the wrong locations. The 2/27th Battalion landed on Yellow Beach instead of Green Beach and quickly captured the Ration, Romilly, Rottnest, and Charlie's Spur positions. The 2/12th Battalion landed on Red Beach instead of Yellow, necessitating a northeast swing to take over Ration and reduce the remaining Japanese defenses in the area. A platoon was also detached to push inland along Vasey Road to seize Portee, while other elements secured Parkes, Plug, and Blyth's Junction. The 2/10th Battalion, correctly landing on Red Beach, rapidly seized the high ground in front of them. Patrols found Prudent and Petersham Junction to be unoccupied. The 2/10th then assembled at Petersham Junction and captured the lower slopes of Hill 87, successfully taking the hill under assault by noon. Meanwhile, Dougherty landed his reserve units, which also came ashore further west than expected on Yellow Beach. The 2/16th Battalion quickly assembled at Ravenshoe and captured Record, Pigeon, and Mount Malang. By 11 a.m. the battalion was on Ravenshoe, whence Malang and Pigeon were visible. Advancing under sharp fire Captain Madigan's company on the left took Record about 4 p.m., killing 46 Japanese. At 4.5 Captain R. H. Christian's company launched a concerted attack on Malang, sup-ported by the fire of artillery, mortars and machine-guns, and using a flame-thrower. The hill was taken and 40 Japanese were killed. The Australians lost four killed, including the leading platoon commander, Lieutenant Armstrong, and 14 wounded. By nightfall the 2/16th held a line through Malang, Pigeon and Record. It had lost 6 killed or died of wounds in the day and 24 wounded; 86 Japanese dead had been counted. The 2/14th Battalion advanced swiftly to secure a bridgehead over the Klandasan Besar and seized the Stalkudo ridge. The 2/5th Commando Squadron passed through this bridgehead and attacked northeast but encountered heavy opposition. Returning to Hill 87, the 2/10th Battalion assaulted and captured Parramatta in the afternoon, aided by artillery and tanks, while patrols further secured Newcastle and the Cracking Plant by dusk. A patrol led by Sergeant A. A. Evans was sent out from Davey's platoon towards Newcastle. They silenced a bunker with a flame-thrower, and came to a house from which Japanese were firing. They overcame this position with grenades and small arms fire and then moved on to New-castle. As Evans reached Newcastle he saw the surviving Japanese making off towards Portee. Davey's platoon now occupied Newcastle and the other platoon took up positions on Parramatta. The seizure of Parramatta gave the 2/10th observation over the low ground to the north and the northern end of the town, and tied the battalion in with the 2/12th on Portee; the Japanese were now in a very poor position to counter-attack from the western end of the beach-head. Lieutenant Russack of Sanderson's company led a patrol to the Cracking Plant where it silenced a Japanese pill-box. This patrol was strafed by American aircraft, but worse was to follow. At 4.55 American carrier-borne aircraft made a run over Parramatta from the west and dropped bombs and fired rockets across Hill 87, which had then been in the hands of the 2/10th for four hours and a half. Much of this fire landed in the area into which Captain Brocksopp's" company ("D") had moved and where Daly's command post was established. Three were killed, including Lance-Sergeant Hackett, a veteran of several cam-paigns, and 14 wounded, including Major G. R. Miethke and two other officers. Air panels were displayed in all platoon areas after this. Daly decided to hold that night as far forward as Newcastle, on which he placed two platoons plus a platoon of the 2/1st Machine Gun Bat-talion, all under Captain Bowie. In the day the battalion had lost 13 killed and 30 wounded, but 216 Japanese dead were counted. That night 24 more Japanese were killed while trying to penetrate the Australians' positions and no Australian was hit. All night there were fires round about where houses were burning, and the blazing oil tanks on the Tank Plateau 600 yards to the west of the Parramatta ridge lit up the landscape. Finally, Brigadier Chilton also landed the reserve 2/9th Battalion on Red Beach and sent it west in the afternoon to occupy Klandasan town, leading to the capture of Santosa Hill by nightfall. Thus, the Australians successfully landed at Balikpapan and secured a sizable beachhead, marking the beginning of what would become a fierce and challenging battle. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In June 1945, American forces, led by Generals Eichelberger and Krueger, fought fiercely against Japanese troops in Luzon, achieving significant victories despite heavy resistance. The tide turned as they captured key positions, restoring hope to Filipinos. Meanwhile, preparations for the Balikpapan invasion intensified. The 7th Australian Division readied for an amphibious assault on July 1 against well-fortified Japanese defenses. Despite facing strong opposition, the Australians successfully landed at various beaches, seizing vital ground.
Who's Zoomin' Who? To celebrate the exciting launch of Season Eight of Phil's beloved hit Netflix food and travel show Somebody Feed Phil, Phil and David Zoom with wonderful fans of the show from around the world. This season, Phil travels to Amsterdam, Basque Country of Spain, Boston, Tbilisi, Sydney & Adelaide, Las Vegas (with an appearance by Donny Osmond & David!), Manila and Guatemala. To learn more about building community through food and "Somebody Feed the People," visit the Philanthropy page at philrosenthalworld.com.
It's Part 2 of our back to back GTWM the Podcast with Alex Calleja! Caller #3 is Chloe who is 29yrs old from Seattle. Chloe'srecent ex-bf is playing mindgames with her, and is it enough to justify not getting back together?Caller #4 is Vanessa who is 39yrs old from Manila. Vanessa'sboyfriend like intense sex but because she has a lung issue, she's worried she can't keep up the pace. Caller #5 is Ran who is 40yrs old from Montreal. Ran isleaning toward filing for divorce from his wife because she keeps pressuring him to get a better job.FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE!You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
Why did God empower us with the Holy Spirit? Jon Naron encourages us to be God's witnesses to the nations through his power. Jon Naron is the pastor of Victory Santa Rosa in Manila, Philippines.
Let's kick off the new weekend with another BSE episode filled with revelations, emotional awakenings, and scandal! It's Mo, Sam and Mara for a 3 call episode that will be filled with good times!Caller #1 is Rose who is 42yrs old from Cancun, Mexico. Rose is exclusively dating a new guy who dropped the ILY on her after two months. She didnt reciprocate and it turned him a bit cold. Did he love bomb her or does she just need better communication with him?Caller #2 is Ken who is 42yrs old from Manila. Ken has been seeing is married boss for 9 years. Recently, he got dumped because he told him that he is trying to work things out with his wife. Now Ken finds out there's a new 3rd party in the picture!Caller #3 is Anna who is 33yrs old from Hong Kong. Anna has been a kabit 5 times and now that she is turning the corner from that life, she feels very empty and void of happiness. How can someone start on the right track?FUNbelivable sa GameZone dahil you play a REAL GAME of Tong-its with REAL PLAYERS, FOR FREE! You have a chance to split over thirty-four million pesos, at may chance ka pa to claim up to fourteen-thousand, six-hundred-forty pesos daily! The cash credits you get can be used to play kahit anong game. You can even cashout! May dalawang event every single day! G ka na ba? Visit GZone.ph and social media account on Facebook, Instagram and TikTok @taragamezone. G na sa Tong-its? Tara Gamezone!Remember, ang gaming dapat fun-fun lang!
En el año 2012, en Filipinas, un joven llamado Ryan Mendoza fue noticia tras ganar una beca completa en una universidad de Manila. Al recibir su diploma, corrió al hospital donde su madre agonizaba por una enfermedad terminal. Con toga y birrete, le entregó el título y le dijo: “Tú hiciste esto posible”. Su madre murió minutos después sonriendo ante tal gesto. La imagen fue compartida miles de veces. Un periodista escribió: “Él no se olvidó de quién lo crio”. En una sociedad que promueve el olvido y la independencia sin gratitud, actos como este conmueven y confrontan, porque el verdadero amor honra. El Señor Jesús, incluso desde la cruz, pensó en Su madre. La encomendó a Juan, asegurando que no quedara sola. Aun en Su dolor, cuidó de ella. De igual manera, Dios nos llama a honrar, agradecer, y recordar con amor a quienes han marcado nuestra vida. Por lo tanto, ser agradecidos es también una forma de adorar. Por eso, no esperes a los funerales para honrar. Hazlo hoy con palabras, gestos y decisiones que muestren tu gratitud. La Biblia dice en Éxodo 20:12: “Honra a tu padre y a tu madre... para que tus días se alarguen en la tierra que Jehová Dios te da...” (RV1960).
In this bonus episode of Killers, Cults and Queens, the team reunites to dive into the shocking twist ending of 28 Years Later, Cheryl's upcoming trip to Manila for Pride, and whether the heatwave chaos is worth the hype. Plus, uncover the bizarre true story of the Kentucky Meat Shower and explore the chilling legend of New Jersey's Devil's Tree.... would you survive it?Got a theory? Been lost in a rabbit hole? We want to hear from YOU! Email queens@global.com to get in touch, or DM us @killerscultsqueens on Instagram. And follow Cheryl @cherydragqueen and Nikki Druce @nikkimacabrelondon.Listen on Global Player for free. Download Global Player from the app store or go to globalplayer.com.
Last time we spoke about the victory at Okinawa.. As American forces led by General Buckner advanced, they captured strategic key points, driving the Japanese into a desperate retreat. Despite overwhelming odds, the remaining Japanese defenders, embodying the samurai spirit, fought to the bitter end, hoping to gain time for their homeland's defenses. On June 21, faced with inevitable defeat, Generals Ushijima and Cho chose to commit seppuku in honor of their duty. Their tragic decision underscored the deep commitment to their cause, an adherence to the warrior code. By this point, countless Japanese soldiers surrendered, acknowledging the futility of their fight. As the month drew to a close, the Americans secured Okinawa, a hard-won victory shadowed by staggering casualties, more than 107,000 Japanese lives lost and significant American losses. This battle not only symbolized the relentless spirit of those who fought but also the tragic costs of war, forever etched in history as a vivid reminder of sacrifice and the haunting price of conflict. This episode is Liberation of Luzon Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945. For most, the battle of Okinawa basically ends the Pacific War, but the truth is the war was raging all over the place. The second most noticeable place would be Luzon, where the remnants of General Yamashit'as 14th Area Army were still resisting in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. Yet here too, the curtains were beginning to fall. As we last left off, it was mid-April 1945, and the fierce struggle for the liberation of Luzon was reaching a critical phase. General Eichelberger's 8th Army was actively engaged in offensives across the Visayas and Mindanao, while General Krueger's 6th Army focused its might on two primary sectors in Luzon. The stakes were high, the liberation of Luzon was crucial for securing Manila and restoring the Filipino government that had been disrupted by the war. In the northern sector, General Swift's 1st Corps was grappling with General Yamashita's formidable Shobu Group, who were entrenched in this mountainous terrain, making the fighting particularly arduous. Meanwhile, General Hall's 11th Corps was applying relentless pressure on the opposing Shimbu Group, led by General Yokoyama, in the vital areas east of Manila. Starting in the northern reaches of Luzon, we find General Clarkson's 33rd Division making tangible advances, having secured Route 11 up to Camp 3, as well as segments of the Galiano Road and the Tuba Trail. This area, known for its treacherous paths and thick jungle, posed significant challenges, but the troops pressed on. Northward, General Beightler's 37th Division was also on the move, with its 129th Regiment overcoming all enemy resistance along Route 9, reaching the critical town of Sablan by April 14. Not to be overlooked, Colonel Volckmann's guerrilla 121st Regiment had carved a path up Route 4 to the strategically important Bessang Pass, known for its rugged terrain that offers a natural defense. General Mullins' 25th Division was making notable progress towards Balete Pass, gaining crucial footholds on Crump Hill and Myoko Ridge. These positions were essential as they provided elevated vantage points over the surrounding valleys. On the western front, General Gill's 32nd Division had successfully secured the western Salacsac Pass but still faced stiff enemy positions in the eastern pass, where Japanese forces were well-prepared to defend. With the arrival of the bulk of the 37th Division in early April, Swift was poised to launch a dynamic two-division drive towards Baguio, a city nestled in the mountains that had become a strategic goal due to its position and resources. While Clarkson's units continued to engage in patrol actions in the Arboredo, Agno, and Ambayabang River valleys, there was limited progress in these areas. However, the 129th Regiment initiated a decisive attack on Sablan on April 11, successfully breaching Japanese defenses there by April 14. On that pivotal day, the 148th Regiment took charge of securing Route 9 through Calot, a vital corridor for advancing troops. Meanwhile, the 130th Regiment encountered fierce resistance as it pushed west of Asin along the Galiano Road, exemplifying the tenacity of Japanese forces determined to hold their ground. As the battle raged, General Yamashita was already strategizing to evacuate Baguio. By April 19, he made the decision to relocate to the Bambang front, leaving Major-General Utsunomiya Naokata, one of his trusted chiefs of staff, in command of the remaining forces. Despite the growing pressure on Route 9, the Japanese command seemed out of touch by the second week of April 1945. They inaccurately assessed that the primary thrust of General Swift's 1st Corps would come along Route 11, allowing them to become complacent. This misplaced confidence led to a failure to redeploy troops to counter the increasing threat on their right flank. Instead of fortifying their defenses, they appeared to adopt an inexplicable, almost defeatist attitude, unusual for a military as disciplined as the Imperial Japanese Army. Compounding this lack of urgency was the intense effort from the 14th Area Army headquarters to evacuate civilians and supplies from Baguio, a city perched high in the Cordillera Central mountain range. This evacuation served as a clear signal that the situation was deteriorating, yet the Japanese command remained strangely passive. Yamashita's mindset regarding the unfolding crisis was evident when he made personal preparations to depart for the Bambang front on April 19. In a move echoing his earlier strategy for the Bambang area, he established an independent command for the Baguio front before his departure. Utsunomiya's responsibilities also included nominal command over the 19th Division, stationed north of Baguio, but his control was hampered by significant communication difficulties that plagued the Japanese forces. The first notable action Utsunomiya took was to relieve the 58th Independent Mixed Brigade from the 23rd Division's control, seeking to streamline command. Under Yamashita's directive to hold Baguio for as long as possible before retreating to a new defensive line, Utsunomiya issued an order for all troops along the existing Main Line of Resistance "hold out to the last man." His tone betrayed the grim reality, coming across as almost ironic given the mounting pressures they faced. Meanwhile, General Sato's 58th Independent Mixed Brigade was frantically working to fortify defenses along Route 9, southeast of Calot. However, their efforts came too late to prevent the 148th Regiment from swiftly capturing Yagyagan on April 15, gaining a crucial foothold in the area. In response to this setback, Sato began sending reinforcements to the Irisan Gorge starting April 16, apparently under Utsunomiya's orders. This narrow, treacherous gorge, surrounded by steep cliffs, was seen as a pivotal point for a last-ditch defense. The Japanese troops managed to repel the initial assaults from the 148th Regiment on April 17, but as night fell, the Americans executed a series of enveloping maneuvers, ultimately securing Ridge A. The following morning, the 148th seized Ridge C; however, their frontal assaults against Ridge B were met with fierce resistance and ended in failure. On April 19, the tide began to turn. After a devastating air strike and concentrated artillery fire that neutralized most of the Japanese positions on Ridge F, the Americans finally captured Ridge B. Concurrently, other American units seized Hills D and E, effectively cutting off the Japanese retreat route. The relentless pressure continued, and the next day, Ridges F and G were subjected to intense attacks, which ultimately resulted in their capture. This relentless campaign forced the Japanese to withdraw to Ridge H, where they continued to regroup. After heavy bombardment, the Irisan Gorge was finally cleared on April 21, sending the surviving defenders scrambling in retreat. As these operations unfolded, the 130th Regiment was busy repositioning two battalions from the Galiano Road to the junction of the Yagyagan Trail along Route 9, poised to mount a coordinated attack on Asin from both the east and west. On April 22, they launched their offensive, catching the Japanese defenders by surprise and effectively dismantling their defenses. By the afternoon of April 23, the Galiano Road was opened for American forces, marking a significant advancement in their campaign. Concurrently, the 129th Regiment had taken over operations from the 148th Regiment and advanced against only scattered resistance, making significant progress as far southeast as the junction of the highway and the Galiano Road. However, their advance was ultimately halted due to concerns about a potential threat from the north. Seizing on this hesitation, General Utsunomiya decided to leave small delaying forces at Trinidad and Baguio, while initiating a general withdrawal to the north and northeast. With Utsunomiya's defensive lines weakened, American patrols were able to enter Baguio on April 24, met with surprisingly little resistance. By April 26, the 129th had effectively secured most of the city, facing only negligible opposition. Simultaneously, elements from the 123rd and 130th Regiments worked diligently to eliminate the remaining Japanese defenses on nearby Mount Calugong, along the Tuba Trail, and on Mount Mirador, ensuring the area was cleared for further American operations. Despite these American successes, Utsunomiya managed to escape with approximately 10,000 troops to the Baguio-Aritao supply road, a crucial evacuation route for Japanese forces. As the end of April approached and into the first days of May, the 37th Division continued to mop up the surrounding areas, further securing Trinidad. Meanwhile, the 33rd Division also pressed forward, capturing the Balinguay-Itogon-Pitican sector, enhancing their control over the region. Looking eastward, General Gill's demoralized 32nd Division was still engaged in fierce fighting through the Salacsac Pass, hampered in their advance along the Villa Verde Trail. During the second week of April 1945, observers from the 6th Army headquarters reported alarming morale issues within the 32nd Division, echoing concerns that General Krueger had personally noted during previous visits to the front lines. The soldiers of the 126th and 128th Regiments were on the brink of complete mental and physical exhaustion. Front-line troops, many of whom had spent significant time overseas, were becoming overly cautious, possibly from the toll of constant combat. Conversations among the men frequently centered around one urgent topic: their rotation back to the United States. The once aggressive spirit characteristic of these combat troops was waning rapidly. With dwindling numbers and pervasive personnel issues, it was clear that the division would struggle to mount any spectacular gains in the coming days. If they couldn't quicken their pace along the critical Villa Verde Trail, reaching their objective, Santa Fe, by the targeted date of June 1 appeared increasingly unlikely. Delays would be catastrophic; they risked being trapped on the trail by the heavy rains of the impending wet season, which typically began in late May. Such circumstances would severely hinder their ability to withdraw and salvage their equipment from the treacherous mountainous terrain. Meanwhile, the Japanese forces retained key terrain advantages, allowing them to economically utilize their troops and reinforce their front lines almost at will. In stark contrast, the rugged landscape severely restricted the 32nd Division's maneuverability, forcing them to repeatedly launch costly frontal assaults with their diminishing strength. While terrain and weather conditions presented significant challenges, the growing personnel crisis loomed as a critical factor likely to further limit the division's progress in the days ahead. Compounding their challenges, General Iwanaka's reconstituted 2nd Tank Division had suffered heavy casualties, leaving General Konuma unable to provide further reinforcements. On April 17, the rested 127th Regiment finally began its move to relieve the beleaguered 128th Regiment at the western pass, launching operations to clear the last remnants of Japanese forces from the Hill 506-507 area. Although Hill 506B fell rapidly on April 19, and Hill 507C was captured three days later, American forces struggled to completely clear Hill 507D until May 2, underscoring the tenacity of the Japanese defenders. Despite the challenges, enough ground had been cleared by April 26 for the 2nd Battalion to initiate a drive east along and south of the Villa Verde Trail, aiming for the strategically important Hill 508. The Japanese forces, sensing this new threat, responded with fierce counterattacks from both the east and north, managing to delay the American capture of Hill 508 until April 29. The intense fighting illustrated the importance of this elevation, which offered vital visibility over the surrounding landscapes. In the days that followed, the 2nd Battalion expanded its control over Hill 508, establishing a defensive block on the Villa Verde Trail to the north while successfully repelling a series of heavy Japanese counterattacks. Meanwhile, the 3rd Battalion made significant strides by attacking and capturing Hill 509, further consolidating American positions in the area. Simultaneously, the 2nd Battalion of the 126th Regiment launched an offensive south from Hill 511, seizing Hill 515 on April 24. They advanced into the area north of Hill 508 while the 1st Battalion navigated through the rugged terrain of Hills 513 and 514, pressing southward to Hill 516. Their advance culminated in the capture of the crest of Hill 525, where they established a critical block on the Villa Verde Trail. However, the cost of these advances was significant. Due to the heavy losses incurred during these operations, the barely rested 128th Regiment began the process of relieving the exhausted 126th on May 3. Shortly after, the 128th's 2nd Battalion launched an assault southeast, successfully capturing Hill 526 on May 7, while some elements initiated a drive towards Hill 527. To the further east, General Mullins' 25th Division was persistently pushing its Santa Fe offensive against stubborn Japanese resistance. In a stroke of fortune, a successful aerial reconnaissance mission revealed that ground located just 1,000 yards west of their position might offer a more favorable route of advance to Balete Ridge, providing a welcome alternative to the challenging Myoko mass itself. On April 22, a reconnaissance force from the 27th Regiment successfully moved undetected to the southern slope of Balete Ridge, positioning themselves for a critical advance. The following day, the rest of the 2nd Battalion began to push toward Lone Tree Hill, while other units continued to exert pressure on the entrenched Japanese defenses at Myoko. Moving forward with enthusiasm and encountering negligible resistance, the Americans reached Lone Tree Hill on April 25, effectively bypassing the main concentrations of enemy forces. By April 27, the 2nd Battalion had advanced an impressive half mile beyond Lone Tree Hill, with its forward elements only three-quarters of a mile from Balete Pass. However, they were compelled to halt their advance due to the potential threat of an enemy counterattack looming on the horizon. Meanwhile, on April 23, the 35th Regiment began its ascent up Kapintalan Ridge, steadily making progress despite the challenging terrain. By April 27, their leading troops had reached a prominent knob located midway between Route 5 and Lone Tree Hill. The 161st Regiment was also making strides, continuing its attack northward towards Kembu Ridge, where they successfully secured Hill 4625 and the entirety of Highley Ridge by April 28. On that same day, the 27th Regiment began reinforcing their positions on Lone Tree Hill, while elements of the 2nd Battalion initiated a southwest push along Kapintalan Ridge to support the 35th Regiment advancing up Route 5. However, they encountered a formidable strongpoint and were only able to gain 350 yards of new ground northeast from the knob. Simultaneously, elements of the 27th Regiment advanced a modest 500 yards southwest by May 4, indicating the ongoing struggle. That morning, the 1st Battalion of the 161st Regiment seized the southeastern nose of Kembu Ridge, securing a valuable tactical position. At the same time, the 2nd Battalion pushed troops onto the ridge, extending their reach half a mile to the northwest, further consolidating American control in the area. As a breakthrough appeared imminent, General Krueger began dispatching Beightler's 37th Division to the Bambang front on May 2, with all elements of the division departing the Baguio area just three days later. With these reinforcements securing his rear and taking control of the Myoko massif, General Mullins ordered the 27th and 161st Regiments to concentrate their forces for a coordinated attack aimed at enveloping Balete Pass from both the east and west. On May 5, the 161st swiftly broke through Kembu Ridge and advanced to Haruna Ridge, while the 27th Regiment pushed west-northwest along Wolfhound Ridge. However, they faced fierce resistance, gaining only 350 yards against tenacious Japanese defenders. On May 8, Company I successfully launched a southwest offensive from their stronghold along a bare-crested ridge, while Company A deployed on Kenbu Ridge and began ascending the final sections of the Digdig River gorge. The following day, these two companies finally made contact with each other and linked up with the 161st on Haruna Ridge. By May 10, Wolfhound Ridge was secured, coinciding with elements of the 35th Regiment completing the clearance of Route 5 from Kapintalan to the pass. In the meantime, the 35th Regiment, along with units from the 27th, continued their assault on Kapintalan Ridge, which was ultimately secured by May 13. Meanwhile, the 148th Regiment renewed its attacks on Myoko Ridge, where Japanese resistance began to collapse by May 11. With these gains, Balete Pass was now secure. The Americans had incurred 565 men killed and 1,745 wounded during the drive, while General Okamoto's 10th Division experienced catastrophic losses, with nearly 7,000 men killed and a complete breakdown of their control and communications. Reflecting on the situation in Salacsac, by May 8, the Japanese position was deteriorating rapidly. In response, General Iwanaka made the critical decision to dispatch troops aimed at cutting the supply line to the 2nd Battalion of the 128th Regiment, with the intention of safeguarding his main stronghold at Mount Imugan. On that day, the 1st Battalion of the 128th Regiment began to push eastward, facing strong resistance, while elements of the 2nd Battalion moved west from Hill 526, struggling to make any significant progress. By May 10, Japanese forces successfully severed the track between Hills 525 and 516, forcing much of the 128th and one battalion of the 127th Regiment to allocate considerable resources to eliminate the Japanese pocket that had formed in that area. Meanwhile, the 33rd Division was left disheartened as it found itself assigned a holding mission to secure the Baguio-Bauang-San Fernando area. Their operations were limited to minor local gains and long-range reconnaissance, which did little to impact the overall situation. During May 1945, the only significant action undertaken by the 33rd Division took place along a trail connecting Santa Rosa in the Ambayabang Valley to Tebbo, located on the Agno River five miles south of Pitican. The division focused its efforts on clearing Japanese forces from the high ground situated between the main trail and the upper reaches of the Ambayabang Valley. On May 9, a battalion of the 130th Regiment advanced south from Baguio via Pitican and reached Tebbo, only to find the barrio abandoned. Meanwhile, on May 5, the 136th Regiment began its advance up the Ambayabang Valley. Approximately three miles south of Tebbo, they became embroiled in a ten-day battle, resulting in the deaths of a few hundred Japanese troops. However, these enemy forces posed little threat to the 33rd Division, their primary mission being to block American attacks toward the Baguio-Aritao supply road from the south. As the rainy season approached, 1st Corps and the 33rd Division had long since abandoned plans to use the valley as a route of advance against the Japanese supply lines. Consequently, the 136th Regiment relinquished the terrain it had gained along the valley and the trail to Tebbo almost immediately after capturing it. By May 15, all troops of the 33rd Division began their withdrawal, a challenging task compounded by heavy rains that had transformed the Pitican-Tebbo trail and the trails in the Ambayabang Valley into quagmires. The final destruction of the Japanese blocking force in the valley had little impact on the strategic plans or dispositions of 1st Corps or the Shobu Group, as the Japanese quickly replenished their outposts. By the end of May, the 33rd Division was left executing reconnaissance missions without significant enemy contact or major advances. The division remained in a state of restless anticipation, awaiting developments on the Bontoc and Bambang fronts before the 6th Army would authorize a new drive deeper into the rugged mountains of northern Luzon. Turning to the north, the guerrilla 121st Regiment achieved a significant victory on April 21 by overrunning the last Japanese positions on Lamagan Ridge. About a week later, they completed their occupation of Lower Cadsu. However, during the first part of May, the 121st Regiment faced formidable challenges as they advanced over steep terrain against increasingly fortified Japanese defenses, bolstered by reinforcements from General Ozaki's 19th Division. In the south, Hall's 11th Corps made good progress throughout mid-April, successfully pushing General Yokoyama's 41st Army, previously known as the Shimbu Group, further east from Manila. Concurrently, General Hurdis' 6th Division continued its offensive against the Kobayashi Detachment at Wawa Dam, achieving a notable success by securing the crest of Mount Mataba on April 17, marking a significant tactical gain in the ongoing battle. Despite General Hurdis' hopes to swiftly advance against Mount Pacawagan and Wawa Dam, persistent personnel issues forced him to halt any offensive actions until the 145th Regiment could relieve the 20th Regiment in the Montalban area. The 145th eventually began its assault on Pacawagan on April 21. However, even with effective supporting fire that destroyed much of the enemy's defenses, American forces struggled to secure a foothold on the mountain until the end of the month. Meanwhile, the 1st and 63rd Regiments continued to hold their occupied ground until they were relieved late in April by the 151st and 152nd Regiments of General Chase's 38th Division, which then officially assumed control of the offensive operations. In the southern part of Manila, significant water supply problems prompted General Hall to redeploy General Wing's 43rd Division northward in preparation for an offensive against Ipo Dam. By mid-April 1945, an acute water shortage had developed within the city of Manila. General MacArthur informed General Krueger about the dire situation, noting that south of the Pasig River, Manila had access to no water sources except for that supplied by Army tank trucks and shallow, often contaminated wells. This shortage significantly hampered sewage disposal throughout the city, as water pressure from the overtaxed Novaliches Reservoir, the only reliable source was insufficient to carry off waste. As a result, flush toilets were frequently clogged, forcing many citizens to resort to using gutters and esteros for defecation. Restaurants and nightclubs, which were heavily frequented by off-duty American troops, struggled to maintain even minimum sanitary standards. The situation was exacerbated by a steady influx of military units and civilians into the metropolitan area, raising concerns about the imminent threat of severe epidemics breaking out in the city. On April 19, MacArthur suggested to Krueger that the 6th Army could resolve Manila's water supply crisis by seizing "the reservoir in the Montalban area." He inquired how soon the installation could be captured. This query puzzled Krueger, who was aware that the only true reservoirs linked to the Manila water system were located west of the Marikina River and had been under American control since February. Furthermore, Krueger understood that Wawa Dam, the nearest water supply installation to Montalban, was no longer connected to the metropolitan system. He subsequently asked MacArthur if by "reservoir in the Montalban area," he meant Ipo Dam, the only major water installation still in Japanese hands. Krueger's question seemingly led to further examination of Manila's water system at General Headquarters, Southwest Pacific Area (GHQ SWPA). On April 22, MacArthur radioed back to Krueger, confirming that Ipo Dam was indeed the preferred objective. He emphasized that capturing the Ipo installation would effectively solve Manila's water supply problems. Upon receiving this directive, Krueger ordered the 11th Corps to launch a drive on Ipo Dam as soon as possible. This shift in forces meant the 112th Cavalry Regiment had to move south to take over the vacated positions. General Wing conducted a reconnaissance-in-force that revealed the Kawashima Force's defenses south of Route 52 were considerably weaker than those around the main highway. In light of this intelligence, the plan for assault was set into motion. On the night of May 6, the 103rd Regiment was ordered to advance towards Mount Katitinga and prepare to attack the dam. Supporting this effort, the 172nd Regiment would strike across a two-mile-wide front to the left of the 103rd towards the dam, while the 169th Regiment was tasked with demonstrating along Route 52 to pin down Japanese forces in the Bigti region. Additionally, Marking's Fil-American Yay Regiment at Norzagaray was to make a feint drive eastward north of the Angat River, targeting Mount Kabuyao. During the first three days of May, General Chase conducted probing attacks in preparation for a concerted offensive aimed at Wawa Dam, which was set to begin on May 4. Simultaneously, General Yokoyama observed what he believed to be a slowdown in enemy progress, leading him to conclude that American forces must be redeploying northward or evacuating from Luzon entirely. This prompted him to prepare a limited counteroffensive, consisting of a series of harassing and delaying actions designed to pin down enemy forces on this front. Consequently, Yokoyama was not anticipating a major offensive on May 4. However, on that day, the 145th Regiment managed to gain up to 1,000 yards along the northern and northeastern slopes of Pacawagan, while the 152nd Regiment advanced approximately 500 yards northward along Woodpecker Ridge. Although these territorial gains were not monumental, Yokoyama became increasingly concerned about the strength of the American attacks and made the urgent decision to launch his counteroffensive. As Japanese forces hurried to reposition for their counterattacks, the 145th Regiment struck eastward, successfully seizing the rocky summit of Mount Binicayan. Meanwhile, the 152nd continued its efforts along Woodpecker Ridge. This coordinated assault completely surprised General Kobayashi's troops, rendering their planned counterattack impossible as they were forced to shift their focus to defending their critical positions. In the southern sector, General Kawashima dispatched one battalion toward Montalban; however, the heavy air assaults that preceded Wing's offensive made it impossible for the Japanese unit to organize effectively for their attack. Adding to the Japanese troubles, the remnants of the Noguchi Force were unable to provide any significant reinforcements. Despite the surprise and disarray among the Japanese defenders, they could not prevent the 145th from capturing the crest of Binicayan on May 9. The troops stationed on Woodpecker Ridge experienced some success by halting the advance of the 152nd and initiated a week of increasingly aggressive dawn and dusk raids starting on May 14. Recognizing the futility of the ongoing conflict, which had resulted in over 1,300 Japanese casualties, General Yokoyama ordered an immediate withdrawal of all units involved on May 15. However, these orders would not reach the front lines until a week later. In the meantime, capitalizing on the element of surprise achieved during the night attack on May 6, General Wing launched an offensive that made excellent progress. The 103rd Regiment rapidly gained control of the western slopes of Katitinga and advanced swiftly along the ridgeline toward Hill 1000. Meanwhile, the 172nd Regiment reached the foot of a rocky ridge two miles southeast of Bigti, and the Marking Regiment encountered no resistance as it marched over seven miles eastward, ultimately halting just a mile and a half northwest of Kabuyao. The only significant resistance encountered occurred at Hill 535, where elements of a guerrilla unit were repelled by Japanese defenders. The unexpectedly weak Japanese opposition prompted the 43rd Division to sustain its offensive momentum without pause. By May 11, the 103rd had secured Hills 805 and 810, while the 172nd was probing Japanese defenses on Fork Ridge and advancing to the southwestern slopes of rocky Hill 815. The Marking Regiment had successfully overrun Kabuyao, though they were unable to capture Four-Corner Hill. At this point, Japanese resistance began to stiffen as American forces clashed with General Kawashima's main defenses. In response, Wing ordered the 169th Regiment to mount a limited attack on Osboy Ridge and directed the Marking guerrillas to launch a strong assault toward Ipo. Supported by artillery, Colonel Marcus Augustin succeeded in breaking through Four-Corner Hill on May 12, marking a critical turning point in the offensive. Unaware of Kawashima's precarious situation, Yokoyama directed the Kawashima Force to initiate a new counterattack against the left and left rear of the 38th Division, deeming the situation for the Kobayashi Force to be more critical. As a result, Kawashima was compelled to divert one battalion for this unnecessary assault, which weakened the Japanese defenses. This strategic miscalculation enabled General Wing to make significant gains on May 13, with the 103rd Regiment capturing Hill 860, the 172nd clearing much of Hill 815, and the Marking guerrillas seizing the summit of Hill 803. The extent of these advances prompted Kawashima to ultimately disregard Yokoyama's orders and recall his assault battalion. This battalion promptly mounted a counterattack against the Americans in a futile attempt to regain lost ground, managing only to restrict the 103rd and 172nd Regiments to minor gains on May 14. Simultaneously, Colonel Augustin's patrols crossed the Angat River unopposed, discovering that the dam remained intact and the powerhouse on the south bank was largely undamaged. However, the patrol force, too weak to hold these installations, retreated before dawn to the crest of Hill 803, where the remainder of the regiment was occupied with mopping up remaining resistance. Looking further south, General Griswold's 14th Corps had already secured most of southern Luzon and had successfully landed General MacNider's 158th Regiment in the Bicol Peninsula. In response, the remnants of the Fuji Force and the depleted Kogure Detachment decided to evacuate the open Santa Maria Valley, opting to retreat to more defensible positions at the Kapatalin Sawmill. This allowed Griswold to move the 7th and 8th Cavalry Regiments into the valley, with the former beginning a drive along Route 455 on May 6. Following a heavy air and artillery bombardment, the cavalrymen launched their assault on the sawmill on May 9 and swiftly overran the enemy defenses by mid-afternoon. After a brief pause to reorganize, the 7th Cavalry advanced up Route 455, leaving their vehicles behind, and reached Lamon Bay by May 13. Meanwhile, on the Bicol Peninsula, progress had been agonizingly slow throughout late April. It wasn't until April 28 that the Cituinan Hills were fully secured, leading to the collapse of organized Japanese resistance in the region. Following this, the 158th Regiment began moving northwestward toward Iriga and San Agustin, rapidly overrunning the remaining weak enemy positions along Route 1. Progress continued to be painfully slow, and it was not until 28 April that organized Japanese resistance finally collapsed. The task of clearing the Cituinan Hills cost the 158th Infantry approximately 40 men killed and 235 wounded; the Japanese lost almost 700 men killed in the region. Although the 158th RCT did not know it, the reduction of the Cituinan Hills marked the end of large-scale organized resistance on the Bicol Peninsula, where no more than 1,400 Japanese remained alive as of the end of April. Simultaneously, the 5th Cavalry Regiment captured Calauag on April 14 and began a two-pronged advance toward San Agustin by the end of the month. On May 2, San Agustin was finally taken as elements of both regiments converged there. Guerrillas had informed XIV Corps, which acquired control of the 158th RCT on 22 April, that a Japanese force of some 2,500 men was dug in along the slopes of Mt. Isarog, an extinct volcano centering eight miles northeast of San Agustin. This report the 5th Cavalry and 158th Infantry proved false in a series of patrol actions between 2 and 15 May. The next day, the 16th, General MacNider radioed to General Griswold that the Bicol Peninsula was secure and that no signs of organized Japanese resistance remained. The two regiments continued patrolling for some weeks until, on 6 June, the 5th Cavalry returned to southern Luzon. The 158th RCT busied itself with the problem of reorganizing and equipping guerrilla forces and in mid-June turned over responsibility for further mopping up to the Filipinos. To that time the operations to clear the Bicol Peninsula had cost the USArmy units involved approximately 95 men killed and 475 wounded. The Japanese had lost over 2,800 killed and 565 captured, including 350 Formosan labor troops whom the Japanese Army had left to fend for themselves. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In June 1945, amidst the Pacific War, American forces sought to liberate Luzon from General Yamashita's entrenched troops. Under Generals Eichelberger and Krueger, the 8th Army faced fierce resistance in the mountains and vital routes. As Japanese defenders struggled, the Americans advanced strategically, leading to fierce battles across treacherous terrain. The turning point came with the seizure of Baguio, crucial for the campaign.
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