Podcasts about microns

durée : 00:05:02 - Avec sciences - par : Alexandre Morales - 150 chercheurs américains, réunis au sein du MICrONS project, sont parvenus à reproduire avec précision une partie du cerveau d'une souris. Ils dévoilent leurs résultats dans une série d'articles publiés dans la revue Nature.

Mapa cerebral detallado: Investigadores cartografían un milímetro cúbico de cerebro de ratón con 3,2 kilómetros de conexiones neuronales  Por Félix Riaño @LocutorCo Un equipo científico superó los límites de la neurociencia al mapear millones de sinapsis en un fragmento cerebral microscópico. En 1979, el Nobel Francis Crick consideró que era imposible descifrar la maraña interna de un minúsculo trozo de cerebro. Décadas después, más de cien expertos reunieron 1,6 petabytes de información para demostrar lo contrario. Han analizado un milímetro cúbico de tejido cerebral de ratón que contiene millones de sinapsis y más de 3 kilómetros de filamentos neuronales. Las imágenes en alta resolución, capturadas mediante microscopía electrónica y combinadas con inteligencia artificial, han abierto nuevas ventanas para comprender enfermedades como Alzheimer o Parkinson. Este nivel de detalle asombra, porque revela patrones de conexiones que antes eran un misterio. ¿Qué hallazgos van a descubrir luego con esta nueva cartografía? La complejidad neuronal también despierta dudas sobre su verdadero alcance El proyecto MICrONS tomó un milímetro cúbico del cerebro visual de un ratón y lo partió en unas 25.000 secciones. Cada sección fue fotografiada con microscopio electrónico para obtener una visión detallada de cada célula. Esos datos se combinaron con grabaciones de la actividad cerebral en vida, mientras el animal miraba videos y contenidos en una pantalla. Luego, expertos de Princeton organizaron toda esa información en un modelo tridimensional. Así, se obtuvo el mapa de cientos de miles de neuronas con millones de sinapsis, en un volumen del tamaño aproximado de un grano de arena. Estas redes neuronales se representan con tonos de colores vivos que muestran cada célula y cada circuito, como si fuera un bosque iluminado. La gran dificultad surge al querer entender cómo se comunican las neuronas en semejante densidad de conexiones. Cada célula envía impulsos eléctricos y sustancias químicas a cientos o miles de células vecinas. Aun con la tecnología disponible, es complicado detectar si una neurona establece un vínculo directo o si su señal pasa por varias estaciones intermedias. Además, surge la necesidad de corregir errores en el trazado automático de rutas neuronales. El volumen masivo de datos —que puede equivaler a 22 años de video HD ininterrumpido— requiere enormes recursos computacionales y trabajo humano para revisar y ajustar. Esto explica por qué Francis Crick pensó que era un reto inalcanzable. Los avances fueron posibles gracias a algoritmos de inteligencia artificial y a un arduo trabajo en equipo. La reconstrucción final de este milímetro cúbico de cerebro de ratón aporta evidencias sobre cómo las células inhibitorias y excitatorias se organizan. Estas últimas son responsables de encender la actividad neuronal, mientras que las inhibitorias se encargan de regular y refinar ese impulso. Se creía que las células inhibitorias funcionaban como un simple freno. Ahora, se sabe que eligen de manera muy precisa a qué neuronas controlar. Este entramado complejo, repleto de detalles microscópicos, se vuelve un banco de pruebas para las teorías del aprendizaje profundo en máquinas y abre caminos para entender enfermedades neuronales. Las conclusiones podrían brindar nuevas pistas sobre la conciencia, la inteligencia y los trastornos que interrumpen la comunicación interna del cerebro. Investigadores de prestigiosas instituciones afirman que esta cartografía digital es comparable al Proyecto Genoma Humano por su valor transformador. Todo indica que vamos a seguir aprendiendo mucho de esta región cerebral diminuta. La iniciativa surgió como parte del MICrONS Project, financiado por la agencia IARPA en Estados Unidos. Baylor College of Medicine recabó datos de actividad cerebral en ratones despiertos. El Allen Institute se encargó de cortar el tejido en láminas ultrafinas de unas 0,25 micrómetros de grosor (casi 1/400 del espesor de un cabello humano) para fotografiarlas. Princeton aplicó algoritmos de visión por computador y aprendizaje profundo para reconstruir la forma completa de cada neurona. Estos procedimientos crearon un gran desafío de administración de datos y versiones, ya que cada error de interpretación podía cambiar todo el resultado. Herramientas personalizadas de control de versiones y de corrección automatizada permitieron avanzar. Además, la presencia de imágenes funcionales y estructurales en el mismo conjunto de datos ofreció un panorama integral, permitiendo correlacionar actividad eléctrica real con conexiones anatómicas. Este enfoque sienta bases sólidas para futuras investigaciones que van a explorar circuitos aún más complejos. En este Flash Diario revisamos el logro de mapear un trozo de cerebro de ratón y observar millones de sinapsis. El avance ayuda a comprender cómo se conectan las células y a diagnosticar padecimientos neurológicos. Te invitamos a seguir nuestro pódcast en Spotify llamado Flash Diario para descubrir más noticias así de fascinantes.BibliografíaThe New York TimesThe TimesThe GuardianNatureConviértete en un seguidor de este podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/flash-diario-de-el-siglo-21-es-hoy--5835407/support.

Send us a textRebecca Spring jokingly calls herself the "Bug Lady," but as an aquatic taxonomist, she's much more than that. She's a scientist who unravels the complex food web that supports everything alive in the water-from microscopic plankton to the big fish we love to catch.What makes Rebecca even cooler? She's also an avid angler and hunter. Living in tiny Alberton, Montana (population around 400), just a stone's throw from Missoula - where A River Runs Through It was filmed - she has a deep understanding of the intricate connections between algae, plankton, insects, and the walleye, bass, trout and whitefish at the top of the food chain. Knowing where these critters thrive is a key to catching the biggest fish in the lake.This episode is packed with incredible science and practical insights — don't miss it!

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.21.533548v1?rss=1 Authors: Wang, E. Y., Fahey, P. G., Ponder, K., Ding, Z., Change, A., Muhammad, T., Patel, S., Ding, Z., Tran, D. T., Fu, J., Papadopoulos, S., Franke, K., Ecker, A. S., Reimer, J., Pitkow, X., Sinz, F. H., Tolias, A. S. Abstract: Understanding the brain's perception algorithm is a highly intricate problem, as the inherent complexity of sensory inputs and the brain's nonlinear processing make characterizing sensory representations difficult. Recent studies have shown that functional models capable of predicting large-scale neuronal activity in response to arbitrary sensory input can be powerful tools for characterizing neuronal representations by enabling unlimited in silico experiments. However, accurately modeling responses to dynamic and ecologically relevant inputs like videos remains challenging, particularly when generalizing to new stimulus domains outside the training distribution. Inspired by recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, where foundation models-trained on vast quantities of data-have demonstrated remarkable capabilities and generalization, we developed a "foundation model" of the mouse visual cortex: a deep neural network trained on large amounts of neuronal responses to ecological videos from multiple visual cortical areas and mice. The model accurately predicted neuronal responses not only to natural videos but also to various new stimulus domains, such as coherent moving dots and noise patterns, as verified in vivo, underscoring its generalization abilities. The foundation model could also be adapted to new mice with minimal natural movie training data. We applied the foundation model to the MICrONS dataset: a study of the brain that integrates structure with function at unprecedented scale, containing nanometer-scale morphology, connectivity with greater than 500,000,000 synapses, and function of greater than 70,000 neurons within a ~1mm3 volume spanning multiple areas of the mouse visual cortex. This accurate functional model of the MICrONS data opens the possibility for a systematic characterization of the relationship between circuit structure and function. By precisely capturing the response properties of the visual cortex and generalizing to new stimulus domains and mice, foundation models can pave the way for a deeper understanding of visual computation. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.15.532836v1?rss=1 Authors: Ding, Z., Tran, D. T., Ponder, K., Cobos, E., Ding, Z., Fahey, P. G., Wang, E., Muhammad, T., Fu, J., Cadena, S. A., Papadopoulos, S., Patel, S., Franke, K., Reimer, J., Sinz, F. H., Ecker, A. S., Pitkow, X., Tolias, A. S. Abstract: A defining characteristic of intelligent systems, whether natural or artificial, is the ability to generalize and infer behaviorally relevant latent causes from high-dimensional sensory input, despite significant variations in the environment. To understand how brains achieve generalization, it is crucial to identify the features to which neurons respond selectively and invariantly. However, the high-dimensional nature of visual inputs, the non-linearity of information processing in the brain, and limited experimental time make it challenging to systematically characterize neuronal tuning and invariances, especially for natural stimuli. Here, we extended "inception loops" -- a paradigm that iterates between large-scale recordings, neural predictive models, and in silico experiments followed by in vivo verification -- to systematically characterize single neuron invariances in the mouse primary visual cortex. Using the predictive model we synthesized Diverse Exciting Inputs (DEIs), a set of inputs that differ substantially from each other while each driving a target neuron strongly, and verified these DEIs' efficacy in vivo. We discovered a novel bipartite invariance: one portion of the receptive field encoded phase-invariant texture-like patterns, while the other portion encoded a fixed spatial pattern. Our analysis revealed that the division between the fixed and invariant portions of the receptive fields aligns with object boundaries defined by spatial frequency differences present in highly activating natural images. These findings suggest that bipartite invariance might play a role in segmentation by detecting texture-defined object boundaries, independent of the phase of the texture. We also replicated these bipartite DEIs in the functional connectomics MICrONs data set, which opens the way towards a circuit-level mechanistic understanding of this novel type of invariance. Our study demonstrates the power of using a data-driven deep learning approach to systematically characterize neuronal invariances. By applying this method across the visual hierarchy, cell types, and sensory modalities, we can decipher how latent variables are robustly extracted from natural scenes, leading to a deeper understanding of generalization. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.13.532473v1?rss=1 Authors: Fu, J., Shrinivasan, S., Ponder, K., Muhammad, T., Ding, Z., Wang, E., Ding, Z., Tran, D. T., Fahey, P. G., Papadopoulos, S., Patel, S., Reimer, J., Ecker, A. S., Pitkow, X., Haefner, R. M., Sinz, F. H., Franke, K., Tolias, A. S. Abstract: A key role of sensory processing is integrating information across space. Neuronal responses in the visual system are influenced by both local features in the receptive field center and contextual information from the surround. While center-surround interactions have been extensively studied using simple stimuli like gratings, investigating these interactions with more complex, ecologically-relevant stimuli is challenging due to the high dimensionality of the stimulus space. We used large-scale neuronal recordings in mouse primary visual cortex to train convolutional neural network (CNN) models that accurately predicted center-surround interactions for natural stimuli. These models enabled us to synthesize surround stimuli that strongly suppressed or enhanced neuronal responses to the optimal center stimulus, as confirmed by in vivo experiments. In contrast to the common notion that congruent center and surround stimuli are suppressive, we found that excitatory surrounds appeared to complete spatial patterns in the center, while inhibitory surrounds disrupted them. We quantified this effect by demonstrating that CNN-optimized excitatory surround images have strong similarity in neuronal response space with surround images generated by extrapolating the statistical properties of the center, and with patches of natural scenes, which are known to exhibit high spatial correlations. Our findings cannot be explained by theories like redundancy reduction or predictive coding previously linked to contextual modulation in visual cortex. Instead, we demonstrated that a hierarchical probabilistic model incorporating Bayesian inference, and modulating neuronal responses based on prior knowledge of natural scene statistics, can explain our empirical results. We replicated these center-surround effects in the multi-area functional connectomics MICrONS dataset using natural movies as visual stimuli, which opens the way towards understanding circuit level mechanism, such as the contributions of lateral and feedback recurrent connections. Our data-driven modeling approach provides a new understanding of the role of contextual interactions in sensory processing and can be adapted across brain areas, sensory modalities, and species. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.13.531369v1?rss=1 Authors: Ding, Z., Fahey, P. G., Papadopoulos, S., Wang, E., Celii, B., Papadopoulos, C., Kunin, A., Chang, A., Fu, J., Ding, Z., Patel, S., Ponder, K., Bae, J. A., Bodor, A. L., Brittain, D., Buchanan, J., Bumbarger, D. J., Castro, M. A., Cobos, E., Dorkenwald, S., Elabbady, L., Halageri, A., Jia, Z., Jordan, C., Kapner, D., Kemnitz, N., Kinn, S., Lee, K., Li, K., Lu, R., Macrina, T., Mahalingam, G., Mitchell, E., Mondal, S. S., Mu, S., Nehoran, B., Popovych, S., Schneider-Mizell, C. M., Silversmith, W., Takeno, M., Torres, R., Turner, N. L., Wong, W., Wu, J., Yin, W., Yu, S.-c., Froudarakis, E., Sinz Abstract: To understand how the neocortex underlies our ability to perceive, think, and act, it is important to study the relationship between circuit connectivity and function. Previous research has shown that excitatory neurons in layer 2/3 of the primary visual cortex of mice with similar response properties are more likely to form connections. However, technical challenges of combining synaptic connectivity and functional measurements have limited these studies to few, highly local connections. Utilizing the millimeter scale and nanometer resolution of the MICrONS dataset, we studied the connectivity-function relationship in excitatory neurons of the mouse visual cortex across interlaminar and interarea projections, assessing connection selectivity at the coarse axon trajectory and fine synaptic formation levels. A digital twin model of this mouse, that accurately predicted responses to arbitrary video stimuli, enabled a comprehensive characterization of the function of neurons. We found that neurons with highly correlated responses to natural videos tended to be connected with each other, not only within the same cortical area but also across multiple layers and visual areas, including feedforward and feedback connections, whereas we did not find that orientation preference predicted connectivity. The digital twin model separated each neuron's tuning into a feature component (what the neuron responds to) and a spatial component (where the neuron's receptive field is located). We show that the feature, but not the spatial component, predicted which neurons were connected at the fine synaptic scale. Together, our results demonstrate the "like-to-like" connectivity rule generalizes to multiple connection types, and the rich MICrONS dataset is suitable to further refine a mechanistic understanding of circuit structure and function. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Dr. David A. Markowitz, Ph.D. ( https://www.markowitz.bio/ ) is a Program Manager at the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity ( IARPA - https://www.iarpa.gov/ ) which is an organization that invests in high-risk, high-payoff research programs to tackle some of the most difficult challenges of the agencies and disciplines in the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC). IARPA's mission is to push the boundaries of science to develop solutions that empower the U.S. IC to do its work better and more efficiently for national security. IARPA does not have an operational mission and does not deploy technologies directly to the field, but instead, they facilitate the transition of research results to IC customers for operational application. Currently, Dr. Markowitz leads three research programs at the intersection between biology, engineering, and computing. These programs are: FELIX, which is revolutionizing the field of bio-surveillance with new experimental and computational tools for detecting genetic engineering in complex biological samples; MIST, which is developing compact and inexpensive DNA data storage devices to address rapidly growing enterprise storage needs; and MICrONS, which is guiding the development of next-generation machine learning algorithms by reverse-engineering the computations performed by mammalian neocortex. Previously, as a researcher in neuroscience, Dr. Markowitz published first-author papers on neural computation, the neural circuit basis of cognition in primates, and neural decoding strategies for brain-machine interfaces. Dr. Markowitz received his Ph.D. in molecular biology and neuroscience from Princeton University and his Bachelor's degree in management science from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was a DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellow and a Swartz Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow in Computational Neuroscience. Dr. Markowitz is a recipient of the 2019 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.

Sara Sjølin får Simon Bjørn Kristiansen, seniorstrateg i Nordea, i studiet til en snak om bankens nyeste investeringsstrategi, og hvornår vi kan forvente, at aktiemarkedet når bunden. Sammen med klubbens egen forvalter Lau Svenssen, vender vi også Zealand Pharmas aktiespurt, OPECs planer om at skære i olieproduktionen og Credit Suisses problemer. Mads Christiansen, fondschef i NewDeal Invest er med på telefonen for at fortælle om Microns regnskab forud for regnskabssæsonen. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This week we have a holiday shortened show where we briefly discuss Microlens OLED and Streaming to your TV hitting record levels. We also answer a few emails and read the week’s news.

This week we have a holiday shortened show where we briefly discuss Microlens OLED and Streaming to your TV hitting record levels. We also answer a few emails and read the week's news. News:  U.S. Netflix Usage Up Despite Sub Loses LG Unveils Star Wars Special Edition OLED evo Samsung will soon stop making traditional LCD panels Nielsen: Streaming Hits Record Levels, Accounts for 30% of TV Viewing While total TV viewing declined, streaming volume stayed steady and increased its share Full article here … LG Display demonstrates a prototype WOLED display with a microlens MLA array Article Here What is microlens technology? Think of it like microscopic glasses that are attached to the OLED layer and that these glasses increase the light output. From a paper (Novel fabrication method of microlens arrays with High OLED outcoupling efficiency) published in Science Direct - After attaching a hemispherical microlens array with contact angle of 50.4° onto the OLEDs, the luminance was enhanced by approximately 117%.  

[DISCUSSION] In Episode 16 of AARGH! MY OPTICS! We travel way back 20 year to the ancient times of 2002 as Virtual Dave and Orion Ghia revisit Transformers Armada! The line that heralded the true return to vehicle modes, Autobots, Deceptions, kid friendly gimmicks and play patterns and kicked of the Unicorn Trilogy, setting the direction for the franchise for the next five years. Join us as we talk Mini-cons, Powerlinks, Hotshots and irritating little kids as we do a deep dive into the show, the comics, the toys and even the goddamn video game!Credits:Hosts: Virtual Dave and Orion GhiaEditing and Production: Orion GhiaIntro music and stings: Oliver PrimeOutro Music: The VidiprinterWatch Transformers Armada here: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIxNPNYmWYII3YhZgpKGIx6x3DuGkQIZSWatch Transformers Legends of the Microns here: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbNKyG4m0KLsWFNv5G3T0SUkK9d9TqVbWInterviews with Aaron Archer about Armada toy line: https://www.youtube.com/c/TheToyArmadawithAaronArcher See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Helllloooo! This new DrawTogether Podcast episode might be my favorite yet. Today, we swap out our Art Eyes for Art Ears, head outside and draw a Sound Map. In DrawTogether we often focus on sight - as in, “Drawing is Looking, and Looking is Loving.” But when we slow down, pay attention and truly SEE, we don’t just use our eyes. We use ALL our senses when see, and in turn, when we draw. So today, we focus on a new sense: our hearing. We take our drawing supplies outside and we LISTEN to the world around us, and draw what we hear. A Sound Map is a visual story of a time and place. It’s also a wonderful listening exercise for kids, a great mindfulness exercise for adults, and just a fun way way to connect with the world around us. Drawing a Sound Map is a great solo, family, or group activity for the weekend or after school - and a wonderful exercise for classrooms. All you need is 10 minutes, a safe, comfortable place to sit outside, a sketchbook (or “mobile studio’’ as I call it - the podcast will explain), a pencil and maybe some colors. And most of all, you’ll need your Art Ears. The rest will come to you. I’d love to see your Sound Map. Take a photo, post it on Instagram and tag @DrawTogether.Studio. We’ll share some of them out here in the newsletter. Next week is our 20th episode, and to celebrate we have another sound-focused DT episode featuring super special guest musician and writer Colin Meloy of The Decemberists. (!!!) Set your Friday drawing alarm clock. Finally, ODE TO PENCIL follow up! Turns out DT peeps love: Ticonderoga, Blackwings, Colored pencils and Microns the most. The WINNER of the DrawTogether ODE TO PENCIL is…. Patricia Chavez! Patricia, email me at submissions@drawtogether.studio and we’ll send you some super awesome DT pencils.

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The RunRunLive 4.0 Podcast Episode 4-472 – Brock on the Hilarity of Triathlons  (Audio: link) audio:http://www.RunRunLive.com/PodcastEpisodes/epi4472.mp3] Link MarathonBQ – How to Qualify for the Boston Marathon in 14 Weeks - Chris' other show à Intro: Hello my friends and welcome to episode 4-472 of the RunRunLive Podcast.  I was struggling to put content together for the show and I was thinking about taking a couple weeks off.  But, I rallied! I have more going on than ever but, as you know, it's not about how much you have going on, it's how excited you are about what's going on.  Which dovetails nicely with our guest today, Brock, who is one of those lovable accidental athletes that circle our galaxy of endurance sports.  We talk about all the funny things around triathlon and such – he's got a book about you and you can find the links in the show notes.  Brock would be an excellent person to go on a long run with.  In section one I'll talk about how to stay warm in the cold weather and in section two I'll talk about bioluminescent jellyfish… Just kidding…wanted to see if you were paying attention…I'm going to ponder awareness, which is a lot like a bioluminescent jellyfish.  Why am I so happy this week?  I'm having a good week! My running is going well.  I signed up for a race – more on that in the outro.  And I got a new job. Yeah, I know, I didn't even want a new job, but I got noticed and promoted.  Which is cool.  I'm excited about it.  The universe provides. Let me tell you my ice-skating story from last weekend.  Here in New England we got those once-in-a-decade conditions for perfect ice skating on the ponds last weekend.  It was beautiful, cold and sunny.  Perfect pond skating weather.  Ice hockey was my sport growing up.  I started playing when I was like 5 years old.  I didn't play after getting highs school.  I wasn't good enough to compete at that level.  I good skater and could go forever, but didn't have the eyes or the speed to take it to the next level.  Anyway, always loved skating.  It's like flying.  I played in pickup leagues all through my 20's.  Then I started training and didn't really have room for hockey or skating.  Especially this time of year where it would overlap with my training for Boston.  But last weekend I said, “Hey, it's a perfect day and I have no reason not to go skate.”  So I dug out my old hockey skates, my old stick and a puck from the freezer, (because that's where you keep pucks) and went down to the pond. Frankly I was a bit frightened.  It's probably been a decade since I went ice skating.  And I'm no spring chicken.  And with the buggered knee and all…But, it was exciting too, like a first date. These hockey skates of mine were a brand called Microns which were all the rage in the early 90's because they had a one-piece plastic boot, like a ski-boot, that was lighter than the traditional two-piece leather skates.  I got the first one on ok, but when I went to put the second one on it literally exploded.  The plastic had, what's the right word, degraded?, rotted?, decomposed? Lost structural integrity? Ceased to be? So there I am sad a skate-less.  I sulked home.  My wife looked at me and said, “So buy another pair of skates.” Like I'm an idiot.  I called the local sporty goods place and they had a pair in my size.  I went down there and bought them! They were only $130, which seemed very reasonable to me.  But for some reason hockey sticks now cost $240, which seems a bit alternate universe to me.  That's OK – I have some sticks.  I went back down to the pond and laced up.  And you know what?  It's like riding a bike! Once I warmed up I was skating around like a maniac, stickhandling like a peewee around the pond.  I even joined some high-school kids for a game of pickup hockey.  I was probably out for over 2 hours.  Of course, my ankles aren't the strongest and my balance isn't great but I WAS SKATING!  AND IT WAS LIKE FLYING! Yes my long run the next day was a bit traumatic and I pulled a muscle in my ass but it was well worth it! So, my friends, I am filled with joy and gratitude for that.  And you should look for ways to fill yourselves with Joy and gratitude.  We talked about this.  A gratitude practice re-wires your brain to look for things to be grateful about.  Here's a pro gratitude tip.  Create gratitude triggers in your day.  It can be as simple as putting a sticky note somewhere to remind you to be grateful.  Or specific events that are your cue to be grateful.  I decided that every time Ollie comes up to my office to check on me, I'll stop and be grateful for a moment.  What can you devise as a gratitude trigger? On with the show. About Zero ZERO — The End of Prostate Cancer is the leading national nonprofit with the mission to end prostate cancer. ZERO advances research, improves the lives of men and families, and inspires action. Link to my ZERO page: (for Donations) … I'll remind you that the RunRunLive podcast is ad free and listener supported.  What does that mean? It means you don't have to listen to me trying to sound sincere about Stamps.com or Audible.. (although, fyi, my MarathonBQ book is on audible) We do have a membership option where you can become a member and as a special thank you, you will get access to member's only audio. There are book reviews, odd philosophical thoughts, zombie stories and I curate old episodes for you to listen to.  I recently added that guy who cut off is foot so he could keep training and my first call with Geoff Galloway.   “Curated” means I add some introductory comments and edit them up a bit.  So anyhow – become a member so I can keep paying my bills.   … The RunRunLive podcast is Ad Free and listener supported.  … Section one – 24 Hour Fast - Voices of reason – the conversation Brock Gibbs Brock Gibbs – My co-workers think I'm a Pro Brock Gibbs Age 53 High School Physical Education Teacher Beloeil, Quebec, Canada All World Triathlete Member of MX Endurance Racing Triathlon Team Author of "My Coworkers Think I'm A Pro"       Section two – Turning difficult work situations to your advantage -   Outro Ok my friends we swim, bike, runned  to the end of episode 4-472 of the RunRunLive Podcast.  And it has been hilarious. Yes, my training has been going well.  I knocked out a 15 mile run last Sunday using the run-walk method and I'm feeling strong even though my mileage and intensity is very low.  The knee is hanging in there and it's not getting worse. Since we seem to be getting back on plan I figured I should sign up for a target race.  So I did. I signed up for the Flying Pig Marathon in May.  My A goal in to get to the starting line.  My next A goal would be to run a sub-4:15, which sounds pretty slow, but remember where I'm coming from.  Looks like I can hit that pace with a 90 second run and 30 second walk cadence.  This whole run-walk thing is an interesting experiment.  A lot of times I end up running them like intervals.  Just blasting out the run part and then recovering in the walk.  Which is good training for speed, but doesn't' build as much endurance because your heartrate is too high.  What I've found is that if I run a 60/30 cadence I can keep my heartrate in zone 2, on average.  It goes up into high zone 2, low zone 3 in the run then drops back down into high zone 1, low zone 2 in the walk.  In the 90/30 cadence my HR goes a lot higher and doesn't recover as well.  We'll keep playing with it until the knee is healed.  I'll just say I'm grateful to be running and I'll take what is given.  Yeah, so, anyhow I always wanted to run the Flying Pig in Cincinnati.  It's one of the old classic marathons.  But, it always conflicted with Boston.  Now, it doesn't.  I'm guessing Cincinnati is named after the Roman statesman Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus.  Cincinnatus was a roman consul in in the mid-400's BC, back before Rome was an empire.  He is often held up as a paragon of virtue, an example for statesmen to follow. The story is that he was working on his farm when Rome was facing a ware.  The citizens called on him and made him a dictator.  Meaning they gave him absolute power to execute the war.  Which he did.  When he won the war he gave up the power and returned to his farm.  That's the virtuous part.  So, yeah, Cincinnati… If you want to join me I'd love the company. Ollie Wollie the killer Collie is doing well.  We had several disagreements this week. One around whether the wood I bring in for the fire is a toy.  Another around who gets possession of dropped food.  And another on who get to sleep with my wife.  I kind of feel like I need one of those boards they have in factories where it says “2 Days without a accident”, Mine would say “2 Days without a biting” You know I like science fiction.  I watch a lot of SciFi movies and shows.  And you ever notice that some of these shows and movies have ridiculous premises and cheesy special effects, but somehow, sometimes, it works.  Why? It's the actors' ability to sell it.  It's their ability to forget that they are in some ridiculous rubber outfit.  It's their ability to believe what they are doing.  And by believing in it they make it work. Life is like that.  It's all ridiculous.  But by believing in it, we make it work. That's all you have to do.  Believe.  And I'll see you out there.     MarathonBQ – How to Qualify for the Boston Marathon in 14 Weeks - Rachel -> Coach Jeff ->  

The RunRunLive 4.0 Podcast Episode 4-472 – Brock on the Hilarity of Triathlons  (Audio: link) audio:http://www.RunRunLive.com/PodcastEpisodes/epi4472.mp3] Link MarathonBQ – How to Qualify for the Boston Marathon in 14 Weeks - Chris' other show à Intro: Hello my friends and welcome to episode 4-472 of the RunRunLive Podcast.  I was struggling to put content together for the show and I was thinking about taking a couple weeks off.  But, I rallied! I have more going on than ever but, as you know, it's not about how much you have going on, it's how excited you are about what's going on.  Which dovetails nicely with our guest today, Brock, who is one of those lovable accidental athletes that circle our galaxy of endurance sports.  We talk about all the funny things around triathlon and such – he's got a book about you and you can find the links in the show notes.  Brock would be an excellent person to go on a long run with.  In section one I'll talk about how to stay warm in the cold weather and in section two I'll talk about bioluminescent jellyfish… Just kidding…wanted to see if you were paying attention…I'm going to ponder awareness, which is a lot like a bioluminescent jellyfish.  Why am I so happy this week?  I'm having a good week! My running is going well.  I signed up for a race – more on that in the outro.  And I got a new job. Yeah, I know, I didn't even want a new job, but I got noticed and promoted.  Which is cool.  I'm excited about it.  The universe provides. Let me tell you my ice-skating story from last weekend.  Here in New England we got those once-in-a-decade conditions for perfect ice skating on the ponds last weekend.  It was beautiful, cold and sunny.  Perfect pond skating weather.  Ice hockey was my sport growing up.  I started playing when I was like 5 years old.  I didn't play after getting highs school.  I wasn't good enough to compete at that level.  I good skater and could go forever, but didn't have the eyes or the speed to take it to the next level.  Anyway, always loved skating.  It's like flying.  I played in pickup leagues all through my 20's.  Then I started training and didn't really have room for hockey or skating.  Especially this time of year where it would overlap with my training for Boston.  But last weekend I said, “Hey, it's a perfect day and I have no reason not to go skate.”  So I dug out my old hockey skates, my old stick and a puck from the freezer, (because that's where you keep pucks) and went down to the pond. Frankly I was a bit frightened.  It's probably been a decade since I went ice skating.  And I'm no spring chicken.  And with the buggered knee and all…But, it was exciting too, like a first date. These hockey skates of mine were a brand called Microns which were all the rage in the early 90's because they had a one-piece plastic boot, like a ski-boot, that was lighter than the traditional two-piece leather skates.  I got the first one on ok, but when I went to put the second one on it literally exploded.  The plastic had, what's the right word, degraded?, rotted?, decomposed? Lost structural integrity? Ceased to be? So there I am sad a skate-less.  I sulked home.  My wife looked at me and said, “So buy another pair of skates.” Like I'm an idiot.  I called the local sporty goods place and they had a pair in my size.  I went down there and bought them! They were only $130, which seemed very reasonable to me.  But for some reason hockey sticks now cost $240, which seems a bit alternate universe to me.  That's OK – I have some sticks.  I went back down to the pond and laced up.  And you know what?  It's like riding a bike! Once I warmed up I was skating around like a maniac, stickhandling like a peewee around the pond.  I even joined some high-school kids for a game of pickup hockey.  I was probably out for over 2 hours.  Of course, my ankles aren't the strongest and my balance isn't great but I WAS SKATING!  AND IT WAS LIKE FLYING! Yes my long run the next day was a bit traumatic and I pulled a muscle in my ass but it was well worth it! So, my friends, I am filled with joy and gratitude for that.  And you should look for ways to fill yourselves with Joy and gratitude.  We talked about this.  A gratitude practice re-wires your brain to look for things to be grateful about.  Here's a pro gratitude tip.  Create gratitude triggers in your day.  It can be as simple as putting a sticky note somewhere to remind you to be grateful.  Or specific events that are your cue to be grateful.  I decided that every time Ollie comes up to my office to check on me, I'll stop and be grateful for a moment.  What can you devise as a gratitude trigger? On with the show. About Zero ZERO — The End of Prostate Cancer is the leading national nonprofit with the mission to end prostate cancer. ZERO advances research, improves the lives of men and families, and inspires action. Link to my ZERO page: (for Donations) … I'll remind you that the RunRunLive podcast is ad free and listener supported.  What does that mean? It means you don't have to listen to me trying to sound sincere about Stamps.com or Audible.. (although, fyi, my MarathonBQ book is on audible) We do have a membership option where you can become a member and as a special thank you, you will get access to member's only audio. There are book reviews, odd philosophical thoughts, zombie stories and I curate old episodes for you to listen to.  I recently added that guy who cut off is foot so he could keep training and my first call with Geoff Galloway.   “Curated” means I add some introductory comments and edit them up a bit.  So anyhow – become a member so I can keep paying my bills.   … The RunRunLive podcast is Ad Free and listener supported.  … Section one – 24 Hour Fast - Voices of reason – the conversation Brock Gibbs Brock Gibbs – My co-workers think I'm a Pro Brock Gibbs Age 53 High School Physical Education Teacher Beloeil, Quebec, Canada All World Triathlete Member of MX Endurance Racing Triathlon Team Author of "My Coworkers Think I'm A Pro"       Section two – Turning difficult work situations to your advantage -   Outro Ok my friends we swim, bike, runned  to the end of episode 4-472 of the RunRunLive Podcast.  And it has been hilarious. Yes, my training has been going well.  I knocked out a 15 mile run last Sunday using the run-walk method and I'm feeling strong even though my mileage and intensity is very low.  The knee is hanging in there and it's not getting worse. Since we seem to be getting back on plan I figured I should sign up for a target race.  So I did. I signed up for the Flying Pig Marathon in May.  My A goal in to get to the starting line.  My next A goal would be to run a sub-4:15, which sounds pretty slow, but remember where I'm coming from.  Looks like I can hit that pace with a 90 second run and 30 second walk cadence.  This whole run-walk thing is an interesting experiment.  A lot of times I end up running them like intervals.  Just blasting out the run part and then recovering in the walk.  Which is good training for speed, but doesn't' build as much endurance because your heartrate is too high.  What I've found is that if I run a 60/30 cadence I can keep my heartrate in zone 2, on average.  It goes up into high zone 2, low zone 3 in the run then drops back down into high zone 1, low zone 2 in the walk.  In the 90/30 cadence my HR goes a lot higher and doesn't recover as well.  We'll keep playing with it until the knee is healed.  I'll just say I'm grateful to be running and I'll take what is given.  Yeah, so, anyhow I always wanted to run the Flying Pig in Cincinnati.  It's one of the old classic marathons.  But, it always conflicted with Boston.  Now, it doesn't.  I'm guessing Cincinnati is named after the Roman statesman Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus.  Cincinnatus was a roman consul in in the mid-400's BC, back before Rome was an empire.  He is often held up as a paragon of virtue, an example for statesmen to follow. The story is that he was working on his farm when Rome was facing a ware.  The citizens called on him and made him a dictator.  Meaning they gave him absolute power to execute the war.  Which he did.  When he won the war he gave up the power and returned to his farm.  That's the virtuous part.  So, yeah, Cincinnati… If you want to join me I'd love the company. Ollie Wollie the killer Collie is doing well.  We had several disagreements this week. One around whether the wood I bring in for the fire is a toy.  Another around who gets possession of dropped food.  And another on who get to sleep with my wife.  I kind of feel like I need one of those boards they have in factories where it says “2 Days without a accident”, Mine would say “2 Days without a biting” You know I like science fiction.  I watch a lot of SciFi movies and shows.  And you ever notice that some of these shows and movies have ridiculous premises and cheesy special effects, but somehow, sometimes, it works.  Why? It's the actors' ability to sell it.  It's their ability to forget that they are in some ridiculous rubber outfit.  It's their ability to believe what they are doing.  And by believing in it they make it work. Life is like that.  It's all ridiculous.  But by believing in it, we make it work. That's all you have to do.  Believe.  And I'll see you out there.     MarathonBQ – How to Qualify for the Boston Marathon in 14 Weeks - Rachel -> Coach Jeff ->  

Sara from the Febrile Podcast joins the TWiP team at The Incubator to solve the case of the Man With an Egg Laden Colonic Mass, and Daniel presents a new puzzle for us to solve. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Daniel Griffin, and Christina Naula Guest: Sara Deng Click arrow to play Download TWiP #201 (72 MB .mp3, 60 minutes) Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Links for this episode Febrile podcast Hero: Eloise Blaine Cramm Support MicrobeTV at Parasites Without Borders Letters read on TWiP 202 Become a patron of TWiP Case Study for TWiP 202 Man 60 yo shopkeeper in Rohingya Camp displaced Myanmar natives. 3 months getting up at night, urinating, thirsty, losing weight. Develops rash on elbows, abdomen, very itchy. Rest of family has rash as well. Starts headache, fever, cough, trouble breathing, seeks medical care. O2 sat is in 80s. Past med/surg healthy individual, heavy smoker, HIV negative. Living in dwelling with tin roofs, dirt floors, many people crowded. Elevated WBC count; elevated glucose. Send your case diagnosis, questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv Music by Ronald Jenkees

Marc Herve, Global Segment Manager Motorsports of Oerlikon. Hosted by Joe Castello. Online Race Industry Week 2021: 5 days, 55 hours of LIVE webinars, 150+ race industry speakers, 110 countries represented in attendance. Created by EPARTRADE and Racer.com Presented by ETS Racing Fuels and Penske Racing Shocks. Sponsored by AEM Performance Electronics, ARP Inc, & Motul.

In discussion this week, all of our highlights from the last seven days included in our topical discussion, closed-loop inspection, Erowa pallet solutions, software to manage your engineering compa...

In discussion this week, all of our highlights from the last seven days included in our topical discussion, closed-loop inspection, Erowa pallet solutions, software to manage your engineering compa...

Pixels, microns, millikelvins, resolution, pixel pitch and NETD….confused yet? Do you wonder what these words actually mean and wonder how they all work together? Practically speaking, are you asking yourself which one is more important when it comes time to buy a new thermal scope? If you answered yes to any of those questions, this episode of The Late Night Vision Show is for you. Hans and Jason do their best to break down these complex topics (that they barely understand themselves) and explain them in their unique conversational East Texan way that hopefully helps you become better educated for when it comes time to buy a thermal optic. If you're looking to buy thermal optics or night vision and need pre-purchase advice, check out https://outdoorlegacygear.com or give Jason & Hans a call at (877)350-1818

www.tier-one-usa.com www.tier-one.eu Want to hunt Ibex in the mountains of Kyrgyzstan? Want to create a brand, from scratch, that turns into a world beater and becomes the go-to brand of choice for the world's most elite military units? Our guest Craig Coote, CEO of Tier One has done these things and more - in this podcast we'll dive into the detail behind precision manufacture in the gun industry and mountain hunting in the wilds of central Asia; Where does increased accuracy down range actually come from? Why are most firearms and accessory manufacturers using inferior machines to produce so called 'precision' products? How to prepare for the mountain hunt of a lifetime - what gear to take, what to expect, and how to make sure you have fun! The story behind Tier One What's in the pipeline - new products, new technology There's a massive REVOLUTION coming in manufacturing techniques - what is it and how is it going to change the industry forever All this and more in this episode of the Tier One podcast, brought to you by Tier One - The world's finest rifle accessories. https://www.instagram.com/tieroneeu/ facebook.com/TierOneEU/

Join Laurie and Ben this week as they talk through how researchers managed to show how snails weren't used to make the colour purple in Roman Egypt (who knew you could make the colour purple from snails if the first place) and the first ever water powered industrial complex from 2nd Century AD France. Enjoy!  Links Roman Purple https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201121104311.htm Roman Watermills https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-74900-5  https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201113141812.htm

On this pod Five Microns founder Dr. Leo Nguyen tells their story about how a passion to help people with tremors led to a lab invention on Fresno State University's campus and is now a commercially viable product sold across the US.  Learn more at www.fivemicrons.com.

Never mind about the flyswatter thing.

This week we follow up on MTJC 2018 T-Shirts and the origins of Apple's Command Key. We also follow up on the Apple Store founders, Apple's GDPR profile downloads, Apple Watch usage and Apple's self driving cars. We discuss the Home Pod sales numbers, erroneous new Siri features, and a sophisticate worm virus and one of the first Internet hackers. We also chat about Apple's own podcasts and their use of original illustrations on the App Store. Picks: A handy Xcode keyboard shortcut to the Assistant Editor and App: the Human Story, Developing UIViews in Xcode Playgrounds and 1Password 7. Photo: Tim Mitra Originally broadcast: May 26th, 2018

The Seibertron.com Twincast / Podcast begins episode 252 with speculation and discussion of the latest Transformers rumors which concern a possible expansion of the Generations Studio Series lineup to include characters from the 1986 Transformers movie instead of just those from the Michael Bay universe of live action Transformers films. After that, Movie discussions continue as the latest upcoming entry into the Movie Masterpiece series has been officially revealed in the form of MPM-11 Ratchet. Generations toys tied in with the still upcoming Netflix animated series have become easier to find for collectors as of late, so the cast takes time to reflect on the first wave of output for these Walmart exclusive offerings. Two listener questions come up next, starting with an impromptu look at the Transformers: Alternity line of robots in disguise that convert into 1:32 scale real life vehicles. The second question has the podcasters reflect on times when close friends influenced their collecting habits. Off the cuff remarks about "Holy Grails" in the hobby round out the talk before the episode concludes with the recurring "Bragging Rights" segment where the participants share their latest Transformers product acquisitions.

Centrifugal chillers are a specialized part of the HVAC industry and Brandi Ferenc knows her stuff. She takes us through the the steps of chiller maintenance and also explains the Eddy current test. Save 8% on your purchase at https://www.trutechtools.com using promo code knowitall. Save on Testo with this preferred pricing link. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeOC8oQB97trj6XKDWRylM2ILFlnVjYG1GnTT2lRWT8-K4weQ/viewform 51 Seconds To 500 Microns w/TruTech Tools https://youtu.be/eGLYAmjWkvA Visit https://www.hvacknowitall.com for articles and tips. Check out the HVAC Know It All YouTube channel. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-MsPg9zbyneDX2qurAqoNQ/videos Testo https://www.testo.com/en-US/ Navac https://navacglobal.com/ Yellow Jacket https://yellowjacket.com/ Cool Air Products http://www.coolairproducts.net/ Refrigeration Technologies https://www.refrigtech.com/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI76-Esbqw4gIVDRQMCh3lMwsxEAAYASAAEgKswfD_BwE Housecall Pro https://www.housecallpro.com/hvacknowitall

As Dak and Matt put their dangerous plan into effect - which involves stealing highly classified footage and meeting in secret with a reporter - Quill Marine gets some devastating news from Sierra.  Learn more about Steal the Stars novelization here: http://bit.ly/STSNovel This week's episode is brought to you by Spotify.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ramin Golestanian will introduce you to Life at Low Reynolds number and ask how microorganisms can swim, navigate, and coordinate their activities. You will discover how the left-right symmetry is first broken in a developing embryo, and investigate the medically important question of how mucus is shifted in our lungs and what happens when things go wrong.

01:10 - Janie Clayton Introduction Twitter GitHub Blog iOS 8 SDK Development: Creating iPhone and iPad Apps with Swift The Swift Apprentice: Beginning Programming with Swift 2 Ray Wenderlich Black Pixel   03:02 - iOS and Robotics SonoPlot, Inc. Brad Larson GPUImage 08:39 - System Architecture SerialPortExample-Swift 11:24 - History 14:19 - Robot Design Microns to Inches Mac Software SonoDraw 18:52 - Why is robotics more complicated? 20:09 - Assembly 21:24 - Rewriting Objective-C Apps in Swift 27:25 - Design Patterns 29:21 - Connecting Worlds 30:52 - Realtime 33:44 - Open Source and GPUImage Picks ORSSerialPort (Andrew) Honeycrisp Apples (Jaim) NSScreencast Episode #188: App Transport Security (Jaim) Rush Revere and the Brave Pilgrims by Rush Limbaugh (Chuck) The Magician's Nephew by C. S. Lewis (Chuck) MONEY Master the Game: 7 Simple Steps to Financial Freedom by Tony Robbins (Chuck) GPUImage (Janie) OpenGL ES Pixel Shaders Tutorial (Janie) Programming Sucks (Janie)

01:10 - Janie Clayton Introduction Twitter GitHub Blog iOS 8 SDK Development: Creating iPhone and iPad Apps with Swift The Swift Apprentice: Beginning Programming with Swift 2 Ray Wenderlich Black Pixel   03:02 - iOS and Robotics SonoPlot, Inc. Brad Larson GPUImage 08:39 - System Architecture SerialPortExample-Swift 11:24 - History 14:19 - Robot Design Microns to Inches Mac Software SonoDraw 18:52 - Why is robotics more complicated? 20:09 - Assembly 21:24 - Rewriting Objective-C Apps in Swift 27:25 - Design Patterns 29:21 - Connecting Worlds 30:52 - Realtime 33:44 - Open Source and GPUImage Picks ORSSerialPort (Andrew) Honeycrisp Apples (Jaim) NSScreencast Episode #188: App Transport Security (Jaim) Rush Revere and the Brave Pilgrims by Rush Limbaugh (Chuck) The Magician's Nephew by C. S. Lewis (Chuck) MONEY Master the Game: 7 Simple Steps to Financial Freedom by Tony Robbins (Chuck) GPUImage (Janie) OpenGL ES Pixel Shaders Tutorial (Janie) Programming Sucks (Janie)

Episode #76 educates your brain on the following topics: Getting to know Rotorstorm, We got our Circuits closed, just in time to open up discussion on this latest club subscription figure, the cast raves about the inclusion of Microns in Transformers Subscription Service 2.0, except for Jon 3.0, who takes the time to instead crush our hopes and dreams of a never ending road into Micron glory, we take some time to discuss the other recent reveals from the Club: Fisitron, Rewind, and the idea of Eject, Seibertron recently sat down with the Club and interviewed them. Also: are we Pasadena bound next Summer, we Thrustinate deep into this topic - the final reveal from FSS 2.0, another venture in to the wild world of Michael Bay is upon us. Dinobots, Titles, and villains galore! Spoilers within! Everyone drools over the upcoming Masterpiece Transformers. Or is one of them drooling at us? Metroplex and other Takara Generations toys are upon us. Who in the cast will take up the challenge of collecting them all? We stumble in to picking a winner of our Photo Contest, and Scotty comes up with the worst idea ever on how to do it. Thankfully, this idea is ignored. Congratulations to our winner, Jackstraw! Jelly pants are had all around as an epic amount of bragging rights are unleashed. Will Scotty cry? What has Mike gotten into lately? And has Jon 3.0 got cool news to share? We then wrap up the show as awkwardly as we can.

In this episode, the Twincast / Podcast team discuss Transformers Fall Of Cybertron, Transformers Masterpiece Mp-12 Lambor, Transformers Collector's Club Subscription Service, Voyager Class Dreadwing Transformers Prime, Aeon Exclusive Arms Micron Terrorcon Bumblebee, Capsule Microns, CM Corps Ginrai, Year Of The Snake Omega Supreme, Transformers Prime's "Hurt", Rescue Bots' Season 1 finale, Classics Transformers Discussion, bragging rights, and jON3.0 even sneaks in an interview with voice actor Jack Angel.

As the fever from BotCon 2012 begins to break, we take one last look after our massive coverage on the last show. Topics this episode include: Botcon 2012 wrap up, discussion about the BotCon 2012 toy galleries, artwork of TCC free toy Depth Charge, Arms Micron Bulkhead and Arcee, Arms Micron Campaign Shadow Microns, Hasbro Toy Shop Prime Cases and Case Assortment Fatigue, redecoed Marvel Crossovers for "The Avengers", Free Comic Book Day Regeneration 80.5, Transformers Prime wins a Daytime Emmy, Transformers Prime episodes discussion, Listener Questions, and more!

After some fun with last week's April Fool's Day episode, the Seibertron.com Twincast/Podcast has returned with a straight face and an enormous amount of news! This time around we discuss BotCon Metalhawk, the 2012 BotCon set's blue, Artist Alley, Buster Jones, Club Runamuck, MP-11 Starscream in hand images, Knock Out and Hot Shot, Airachnid, Vehicon, Arms Micron discussion, Transformers Prime episode discussions, and more! Check it out here.

Dr. Susan B. Bressler, The Julia G. Levy, PhD, Professor of Ophthalmology, Division of Ophthalmology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland will determine the benefits and risks of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy with prompt or deferred focal/grid laser compared with prompt focal/grid laser alone. Dr. Bressler will also determine the benefits and risks of intravitreal corticosteroids with prompt focal/grid laser compared with prompt focal/grid laser alone.

Transcript -- The method for measuring the residual stress profile near the surface of a sample when drilling a hole.

The method for measuring the residual stress profile near the surface of a sample when drilling a hole.

Transcript -- The method for measuring the residual stress profile near the surface of a sample when drilling a hole.

The method for measuring the residual stress profile near the surface of a sample when drilling a hole.