Podcast appearances and mentions of Sheila Fitzpatrick

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands. Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls, Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs.American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (Princeton UP, 2024)is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands. Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls, Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs.American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (Princeton UP, 2024)is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/world-affairs

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands. Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls, Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs.American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (Princeton UP, 2024)is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/russian-studies

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands. Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls, Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs.American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (Princeton UP, 2024)is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved.

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands. Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls, Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs.American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (Princeton UP, 2024)is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands. Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls, Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs.American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (Princeton UP, 2024)is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When Sheila Fitzpatrick first went to Moscow in the 1960s as a young academic, the prevailing understanding of the Soviet Union in the West was governed by the ‘totalitarian hypothesis', of a system ruled entirely from the top down. Her examination of the ministry papers of Anatoly Lunacharsky, the first Commissar of Enlightenment after the Revolution, challenged this view, beginning a long career in which she has frequently questioned the conventional understanding of Soviet history and changed the field with works such as Everyday Stalinism. In this episode, Sheila talks to Daniel about her work in the Soviet archives, about some of the obstacles researchers face, and her latest books, Lost Souls and The Death of Stalin.Read more by Sheila in the LRB: https://lrb.me/fitzpatrickpodSponsored links:To find out about financial support for professional writers visit the Royal Literary Fund here: https://www.rlf.org.uk/LRB AudioDiscover audiobooks, Close Readings and more from the LRB: https://lrb.me/audiolrbpod Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Since the 1970s, historian Sheila Fitzpatrick has made invaluable contributions to our understanding of the Soviet Union. As a key figure in the "revisionist school" of Soviet history, Fitzpatrick along with other historians opposed entrenched Cold War era narratives about the USSR including (but not limited to) the "totalitarian thesis". Fitzpatrick in particular added texture and complexity in her studies of the Soviet Union by focusing on social history, perspectives "from below" and daily life as well as social and economic advancement & upward mobility during Stalinism. On today's episode, we welcome Sheila Fitzpatrick on as a guest to reflect on the development of Soviet history since the 1970s, her work and what the Soviet past looks like today. Sheila Fitzpatrick is a historian of the Soviet Union and modern Russia. Her books The Cultural Revolution in Russia, 1928-31 (1978), Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union, 1921-34 (1979) and The Russian Revolution (1982) were foundational to the field of Soviet social history. She taught for many years at the University of Chicago, before returning to Australia, the country of her birth. Her book, White Russians, Red Peril: A Cold War History of Migration was published by Black, Inc., Melbourne, in 2021; followed by The Shortest History of the Soviet Union in 2022. She is currently working on a monograph, Displacement: Repatriation and Resettlement of Russian and Soviet Displaced Persons after the Second World War, and a biography of Lenin's wife, Nadezhda Krupskaya, under contract to Princeton University Press. She is currently a professor at the Australian Catholic University.

In this episode, I had the pleasure of chatting with Dr. Sheila Fitzpatrick, a seasoned expert in veterinary practice management and valuation. We dove deep into the complexities of selling veterinary practices, exploring everything from the current market landscape to the nuances of selling to corporate buyers versus private individuals. Dr. Fitzpatrick shared invaluable insights on the importance of exit planning and how it can significantly impact the success of a sale. We also discussed the viability of both private and corporate sales, with Dr. Fitzpatrick highlighting that while corporate buyers often pay higher multiples, many veterinarians prefer selling to private individuals to maintain the essence of their practice. We also touched on the importance of understanding market trends and projections. Dr. Fitzpatrick emphasized the need for practice owners to attend town planning meetings to gain insights into local growth, which can be crucial when considering practice acquisitions. Additionally, she stressed the importance of early exit planning, ideally starting five years before a sale. This involves financial assessments, professional valuations, and preparing the business for a smooth transition. We also discussed the pros and cons of leasing versus owning real estate for veterinary practices, with ownership offering more control and stability. Moreover, Dr. Fitzpatrick shared strategies for enhancing practice value, such as diversifying services and leveraging technology. By investing in advanced diagnostic equipment and expanding service offerings, practices can increase their appeal to potential buyers. We also covered the impact of rising interest rates on practice sales and the challenges of recruitment and retention in the veterinary field. Dr. Fitzpatrick provided practical tips for effective marketing strategies, emphasizing the role of digital marketing and community engagement in attracting and retaining clients. Overall, this episode is packed with expert advice and actionable strategies for veterinary practice owners looking to navigate the complexities of selling their business.

In this episode of 'The Wisdom Of' Show, host Simon Bowen speaks with Sheila FitzPatrick, a leading international employment and data protection attorney, recognized for her expertise in privacy and security. The conversation covers Sheila's journey from employment law to becoming an influential figure in data privacy, her role in shaping international privacy laws, including the GDPR, and her insights on the burgeoning field of AI and its implications for data privacy. Sheila discusses the critical differences between privacy and security, the importance of data minimization, and how businesses can turn privacy into a competitive advantage. The episode also touches on the ethical considerations of AI, the transparency required in privacy policies, and practical steps businesses can take to ensure compliance with global privacy regulations.Ready to elevate your business approach? Join Simon's exclusive masterclass on The Models Method. Learn how to articulate your unique value and create scalable impact: https://thesimonbowen.com/masterclassEpisode Breakdown00:00 Meet Sheila FitzPatrick: Privacy and Security Expert03:21 The Journey into Data Privacy05:57 The Impact of GDPR and Privacy Laws14:57 Global Privacy Strategies for Businesses23:53 Marketing and Data Privacy Challenges29:20 Turning Data Privacy into a Competitive Advantage30:34 Leveraging Data Privacy as a Competitive Advantage31:16 The Growing Importance of Privacy in Contract Negotiations32:44 AI and Data Privacy Concerns35:34 Ethical and Legal Considerations in AI41:11 Challenges for Small and Large Companies in Data Privacy43:33 The Intersection of Ethics, Law, and Technology46:02 Advice for Aspiring Data Privacy Professionals55:43 The Importance of Passion in Data Privacy56:38 Final Thoughts on Data Privacy and AIAbout Sheila FitzPatrickSheila FitzPatrick is a world-renowned authority in data privacy, protection, and sovereignty, with a career spanning more than 38 years. As the Chief Privacy Officer for numerous multinational corporations, she has pioneered global compliance strategies that align legal, ethical, and operational frameworks across more than 160 countries.Sheila's work has had a far-reaching impact—collaborating with the U.S. Government, the Council of the European Union, and data protection authorities across Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Americas. She has served as a trusted intermediary between corporate leadership and Works Councils, drafting over 550 model contracts and bargaining agreements and securing Binding Corporate Rules (BCRs) approvals for six global organizations.Her expertise spans GDPR, CCPA, data sovereignty, AI regulations, cloud computing, cybersecurity, and breach management. Sheila has helped over 500 multinational companies achieve full data protection compliance, navigating the ever-evolving regulatory landscape with precision and foresight.Connect with Sheila FitzPatrickLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sheila-fitzpatrick-4b458/Twitter: https://x.com/sheilafitzpAbout Simon BowenSimon has spent over two decades working with influential leaders across complex industries. His focus is on elevating thinking in organizations, recognizing that success is directly proportional to the quality of thinking and ideas within a business. Simon leads the renaissance of thinking through his work with global leaders and...

Nadezhda Alliluyeva was born into a revolutionary family, but was it always her fate to marry Joseph Stalin?She was independent, intelligent and highly politicised. Indeed, Stalin was a hero of hers growing up.What was it like to be so heavily involved in the Communist Party and the Soviet Union? What was Stalin like as a husband to her? And was her death as suspicious as some made out?Joining Kate for this third episode of our limited series, Real Wives of Dictators, is Sheila Fitzpatrick, historian of the Soviet Union and author of books including The Death of Stalin.This episode was edited by Tom Delargy and produced by Stuart Beckwith. The senior producer was Charlotte Long.If you'd like to get in touch with the show you can contact us at betwixt@historyhit.com.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe.  You can take part in our listener survey here.All music from Epidemic Sounds.Betwixt the Sheets: History of Sex, Scandal & Society is a History Hit podcast.

What happens when war leaves millions stranded, stateless, and unwanted? In this episode of the Review of Democracy podcast, host Imogen Bayley discusses with renowned historian Sheila Fitzpatrick her latest book, LostSouls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War. Drawing from newly uncovered archival research, Fitzpatrick explores the lives of Soviet displaced persons—those who found themselves outside the USSR at the endof World War II and refused to return, despite intense Soviet pressure. Their fates became entangled in Cold War politics, as Western governments redefined them from war victims to symbols of anti-communist resistance. From forcedrepatriations and identity manipulation to the geopolitical power struggles that shaped global refugee policy, this discussion reveals how history's displaced individuals exercised agency in ways that continue to shape modernmigration debates. Listen to our podcast on exile, political propaganda, and the lasting impact of Cold War resettlement strategies. Sheila Fitzpatrick is the author of many books, including On Stalin's Team: The Years of Living Dangerously in Soviet Politics (Princeton), The Shortest History of the Soviet Union, and The Russian Revolution. She is professor of history at the Institute of Humanities and Social Science at the AustralianCatholic University and Distinguished Service Professor Emerita at the University of Chicago. Imogen Bayley: Imogen Bayley is a historian and migration studies scholar who earned her PhD in ComparativeHistory from Central European University and is currently, as a Max Weber Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. Her book, Postwar Migration Policy and the Displaced of the British Zone in Germany, 1945–1951.Fighting for a Future, was recently published by Palgrave Macmillan.

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/world-affairs

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/russian-studies

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved.

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When World War II ended, about one million people whom the Soviet Union claimed as its citizens were outside the borders of the USSR, mostly in the Western-occupied zones of Germany and Austria. These “displaced persons,” or DPs—Russians, prewar Soviet citizens, and people from West Ukraine and the Baltic states forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1939—refused to repatriate to the Soviet Union despite its demands.  Thus began one of the first big conflicts of the Cold War. In Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War (2024), Sheila Fitzpatrick draws on new archival research, including Soviet interviews with hundreds of DPs, to offer a vivid account of this crisis, from the competitive maneuverings of politicians and diplomats to the everyday lives of DPs. American enthusiasm for funding the refugee organizations taking care of DPs quickly waned after the war. It was only after DPs were redefined—from “victims of war and Nazism” to “victims of Communism”—in 1947 that a solution was found: the United States would pay for the mass resettlement of DPs in America, Australia, and other countries outside Europe. The Soviet Union protested this “theft” of its citizens. But it was a coup for the United States. The choice of DPs to live a free life in the West, and the West's welcome of them, became an important theme in America's Cold War propaganda battle with the Soviet Union. A compelling story of the early Cold War, Lost Souls is also a rare chronicle of a refugee crisis that was solved. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/book-of-the-day

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/russian-studies

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/eastern-european-studies

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/book-of-the-day

"That Russia and Ukraine have diverged politically so radically since 1991 is partially due to their position vis-à-vis the imploded empire they emerged from," writes Mark Edele in Russia's War Against Ukraine: The Whole Story (Melbourne University Publishing, 2023). As its subtitle suggests, this short work - "a book by an outsider written for outsiders" - has big ambitions to explain the immediate, long-, and very long-term reasons for the war. How did two so similar yet so different nations emerge? How can “outsiders” separate national myths from true origin stories? Who started the war and how will it end? Mark Edele is a Russianist who became - in his own words - a historian of the Soviet Empire largely due to his "encounter with Ukraine and its history". Hansen Chair in History at the University of Melbourne, he was born and raised in southern Bavaria and educated at the universities of Erlangen, Tübingen, Moscow, and Chicago, where he completed his doctoral research on Soviet World War II veterans under Sheila Fitzpatrick. *The author's own book recommendations for the Writers' Writers tip sheet are German Blood, Slavic Soil: How Nazi Königsberg Became Soviet Kaliningrad by Nicole Eaton (Cornell University Press, April 2023) and The Rider by Tim Krabbé (Bloomsbury Paperbacks, 2016 – first published 1978). Tim Gwynn Jones is an economic and political-risk analyst at Medley Advisors, who also writes the twenty4two newsletter on Substack and hosts the In The Room podcast series. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Chair: Monica Attard As the war in Ukraine drags on, cities are destroyed and people's lives are devastated, how do we make sense of Russia and the rationale behind its 'special military operation'? There has been intense focus on the plight of Ukraine's citizenry, but less attention has been paid to the Russian mindset, the historical context for this invasion and the likely consequences. Former ABC foreign correspondent Monica Attard is joined by political scientist Anatol Lieven, historian Sheila Fitzpatrick and Belarusian writer Alhierd Bacharevič. Event details: Mon 06 Mar, 5:00pm on the East Stage

100! Topics: 100 episodes, The National at Bearsville Theatre, Tinker Street Tavern, Bread Alone, The Mud Club, Best Pizza in New Paltz, I Get Wild at Littlefield 3/10, The Zolephants, Oliver 10th birthday, Titanic party, out of town guests, Orphan Guitars, Black Gold, Bar Great Harry, Ruthie's, Barely Disfigured, Brooklyn Social, non-alcoholic beer, 1973 Dead, Essays 1 by Lydia Davis, Screaming on the Inside by Jessica Grose, The Shortest History of the Soviet Union by Sheila Fitzpatrick.

Over a century after the Russian Revolution, the tumultuous history of the Soviet Union continues to fascinate us and influence global politics. In The Shortest History Of The Soviet Union (Old Street Publishing), acclaimed historian Sheila Fitzpatrick charts the development of the nation, from its accidental beginnings to its unexpected departure, and asks what lessons the global superpowers of today have learned from its story. Sheila Fitzpatrick was in conversation with writer, journalist and fellow LRB contributor James Meek. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Episode 113:This week we're continuing Russia in Revolution An Empire in Crisis 1890 - 1928 by S. A. Smith[Part 1]Introduction[Part 2-5]1. Roots of Revolution, 1880s–1905[Part 6-8]2. From Reform to War, 1906-1917[Part 9-12]3. From February to October 1917[Part 13 - 17]4. Civil War and Bolshevik Power[Part 18 - 22]5. War Communism[Part 23]6. The New Economic Policy: Politics and the EconomyNew Economic Policy and AgricultureNew Economic Policy and IndustryNew Economic Policy and Labour[Part 25 - This Week]6. The New Economic Policy: Politics and the EconomyThe Inner Party Struggle - 0:30The Party State - 25:46Instituting Law - 40:20[Part 26?]6. The New Economic Policy: Politics and the Economy[Part 27 - 30?]7. The New Economic Policy: Society and Culture[Part 31?]ConclusionFigure 6.1 - 4:33Soviet leaders in 1919. From left, Joseph Stalin, Vladimir Lenin, Mikhail Kalinin.[see on www.abnormalmapping.com/leftist-reading-rss/2022/2/15/leftist-reading-russia-in-revolution-part-25]Footnotes:54) 1:33V. P. Vilkova (ed.), VKP(b): vnutripartiinaia bor'ba v dvadtsatye gody: dokumenty i materialy, 1923g. (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2004).55) 2:05.56) 2:53Gimpel'son, Formirovanie, 177.57) 5:38Moshe Lewin, Lenin's Last Struggle (London: Faber, 1969).58) 11:05For an interesting interpretation of the inner-party conflict that sees it as rooted in an underlying difference between ‘revivalist' and ‘technicist' types of Bolshevism, see Priestland, Stalinism, ch. 2.59) 12:06Richard B. Day, Leon Trotsky and the Politics of Economic Isolation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973).60) 13:07Stephen F. Cohen, Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution: A Political Biography, 1888–1938 (New York: Knopf, 1973).61) 14:31David R. Stone, Hammer and Rifle: The Militarization of the Soviet Union 1926–1933 (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 2000).62) 15:24G. L. Olekh, Krovnye uzy: RKP(b) i ChK/GPU v pervoi polovine 1920-x godov: mekhanizm vzaimootnoshenii (Novosibirsk: NGAVT 1999), 92–3.63) 18:08Stephen Kotkin, Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928 (London: Penguin, 2015), 432.64) 18:31Harris, ‘Stalin as General Secretary, in Davies and Harris (eds), Stalin: A New History, 63–82 (69).65) 20:!2Excellent biographies of Stalin include Robert Service, Stalin: A Biography (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2004); Oleg V. Khlevniuk, Stalin: New Biography of a Dictator (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015).66) 22:14I. V. Stalin, ‘The October Revolution and the Tactics of the Russian Communists', .67) 23:27James Harris, ‘Stalin and Stalinism', The Oxford Handbook of Modern Russian History, Oxford Handbooks Online,1–21 (6).68) 24:18Alfred J. Rieber, ‘Stalin as Georgian: The Formative Years', in Davies and Harris (eds), Stalin: A New History, 18–44.69) 24:34E. A. Rees, Political Thought from Machiavelli to Stalin (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2004), 222.70) 25:17 ‘Stalin i krizis proletarskoi diktatury', .71) 27:09R. W. Davies, The Industrialization of Soviet Russia, vol. 3: The Soviet Economy in Turmoil (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 1929), xxiii.72) 27:55Heinzen says 70,000 were employed in the Commissariat of Agriculture by the end of the decade. Heinzen, Inventing, 2.73) 29:13Michael Voslenskii, Nomenklatura: The Soviet Ruling Class (New York: Doubleday, 1984); Harris, ‘Stalin as General Secretary', 69.74) 31:15Shkaratan, Problemy, 272.75) 32:00Golos Naroda, 199.76) 32:50Graeme Gill, Origins of the Stalinist Political System (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 118.77) 34:28Sheila Fitzpatrick, Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union, 1921–1934 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979).78) 38:31E. A. Wood, The Baba and the Comrade: Gender and Politics in Revolutionary Russia (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997).79) 39:10Wendy Z. Goldman, Women, the State and Revolution: Soviet Family Policy and Social Life, 1917–1936 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 111.80) 39:35Olekh, Krovnye uzy, 90.81) 40:09Golos naroda, 152.82) 41:19Nikita Petrov, ‘Les Transformations du personnel des organes de sécurité soviétiques, 1922–1953', Cahiers du monde russe, 22:2 (2001), 375–96 (376).83) 41:47S. A. Krasil'nikov, Na izlomakh sotsial'noi struktury: marginaly v poslerevoliutsionnom rossiiskom obshchestve (1917—konets 1930-kh godov) (Novosibirsk: NGU, 1998), table 4.84) 42:33V. K. Vinogradov, ‘Ob osobennostiakh informatsionnykh materialov OGPU kak istochnik po istorii sovetskogo obshchestva', in ‘Sovershenno sekretno': Liubianka- Stalinu o polozhenii v strane (1922–1934), vol. 1, part 1: 1922–23 (Moscow: RAN, 2001), 31–7685) 43:42Roger Pethybridge, One Step Backwards, Two Steps Forward: Soviet Society and Politics in the New Economic Policy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990).86) 44:44Solomon, Soviet Criminal Justice.87) 45:38Neil B. Weissman, ‘Local Power in the 1920s: Police and Administrative Reform', in Theodore Taranovski (ed.), Reform in Modern Russian History (Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center and Cambridge University Press, 1995), 265–89.88) 45:59Neil Weissman, ‘Policing the NEP Countryside', in Sheila Fitzpatrick, A. Rabinowitch, and R. Stites (eds), Russia in the Era of NEP (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991), 174–91 (177); R. S. Mulukaev and N. N. Kartashov, Militsiia Rossii (1917–1993gg.) (Orël: Oka, 1995), 43.89) 46:48Joan Neuberger, Hooliganism: Crime, Culture and Power in St Petersburg, 1900–1914 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993).90) 47:09Tracy McDonald, Face to the Village: The Riazan Countryside under Soviet Rule, 1921–1930 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2011), 90.91) 47:41David A. Newman, ‘Criminal Strategies and Institutional Concerns in the Soviet Legal System: An Analysis of Criminal Appeals in Moscow Province, 1921–28', Ph.D. dissertation, UCLA (2013), 183.

Sheila Fitzpatrick talks to Tom about the perils of doing archive research in the Soviet Union, how she used Moscow telephone directories to investigate Stalin's purges, and the multiple passports and identities she's gone through in her academic career.Find further reading in the LRB on the episode page: https://lrb.me/fitzpatrickpodSubscribe to the LRB from just £1 per issue: https://mylrb.co.uk/podcast20b Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The term metaverse was originally coined by author Neal Stephenson in his 1992 science fiction novel Snow Crash. But defining exactly what constitutes the metaverse we are seeing develop now can be challenging. Stephenson defined it as “an all-encompassing digital world that exists parallel to the real world.” The generally accepted definition these days is a three-dimensional version of the Internet, i.e. a virtual platform for social interactions between users and their virtual surroundings, accessed via virtual reality, augmented reality and machine learning. However you might feel about that, the bottom line is that real companies are buying property and otherwise doing business in the virtual world. A lot of business. Some analysts see the metaverse becoming an $800 billion market by 2024. We'll have to see how that goes, but whatever the potential might exist in the virtual world, there is a very serious hurdle rooted firmly in the real world – data privacy. To get at the heart of that concern, we're joined today by global data privacy expert Sheila FitzPatrick, founder and president of Fitzpatrick & Associates and a person who regularly collaborates on privacy issues with technology firms around the world. FitzPatrick weighs in on a number of key issues surrounding data privacy in this strange new world, including: How serious are the privacy concerns around the metaverse for those who partake in that world?How can the metaverse impact people's privacy? What is the exposure for companies in regard to liability in this area? The impact of  cryptocurrency on the development of the metaverseHow she is counseling her clients in regard in this area, and the key components to building a solid compliance strategy in this area. 

On February 24, 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an invasion of Ukraine by Russian armed forces that for weeks had been gathering along their border. The invasion also included attacks across the Belarus-Ukraine border and was followed by targeted airstrikes on military and civilian buildings in Ukraine. Chris Burton will analyze the conflict in Ukraine in light of the development of Putin's regime over the years  and the longer history of Ukrainian relations with Russia. Speaker:  Dr. Chris Burton Chris grew up in St. John's, Newfoundland, taking his B.A. in History at Memorial University, followed by an M.A. from Carleton University. He worked in the Soviet Union during the glasnost' years, then studied with Sheila Fitzpatrick in the 1990s at the University of Chicago for his PhD.  He is Associate Professor of History at the University of Lethbridge and has been teaching Russian History there, and Modern European History more generally, for the last twenty years.  His research interests include the medical profession under Stalin, social policy in the Soviet Union, and the Soviet science of environmental health, including their understanding of air and water pollution.

Chaired by Anton Enus Australia's foremost researcher on modern Russia, Sheila Fitzpatrick, joins us at the pivotal moment in Russian history to discuss the rise and fall of the Soviet Union, and Russia's post-Soviet agenda under Vladimir Putin. Sheila's recent book, The Shortest History of the Soviet Union, is a lively, authoritative distillation of seventy-five years of communist rule and the collapse of an empire, and an examination of Russia's ongoing influence on global politics under its current president.

Who were the Russian migrants who made it to Australia during the Cold War?

Je reçois Juliette BUGNA, auteur d'un mémoire intitulé : La Propagande stalinienne dans l'espace public soviétique de 1929 à 1941. Elle nous éclaire d'abord sur l'évolution des régimes politiques russes, avant d'aborder le cœur de son mémoire. Références littéraires : Sheila Fitzpatrick, Le stalinisme au quotidien François-Xavier Nérard et Marie-Pierre Rey (directrice de mémoire de Juliette) : Atlas historique de la Russie : d'Ivan III à Vladimir Poutine Intro et outro : La Valse des fleurs de Tchaikovsky Premier entracte : extrait de l'émission Au coeur de l'Histoire (intervenants : Franck Ferrand, Vladimir Fedorovski et Jean-Jacques Marie) Second entracte : extrait de l'émission A la vitrine du libraire (Georges Bortoli interroge George Steiner) Mail : maculturepop@gmail.com

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! Aprovechando nuestra nueva sección sobre libros, vamos a hacer de aquí en adelante algunos episodios dedicados a comentar la bibliografía que hemos ido utilizando a lo largo de los años para la serie de historia de la Unión Soviética. En esta primera parte hablaremos de Otra mirada sobre Stalin de Ludo Martens, Historia de la URSS de Carlos Taibo y de El equipo de Stalin de Sheila Fitzpatrick, analizando también algunas corrientes que existen para la interpretación historiográfica de la historia soviética. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Who were the Russian migrants who made it to Australia during the Cold War?

Interview with Sheila Fitzpatrick, one of the top international historians on the Soviet Union, about her new book "White Russians, Red Peril". This podcast is available in Russian only. - Шейла Фицпатрик, одна из ведущих международных историков-советологов, рассказала о своей новой, 24-й по счету, книге о истории русской иммиграции в Австралию в послевоенные годы - "White Russians, Red Peril" (Белые русские, красная угроза).

The untold story of Russian migration to Australia during the Cold War.

If you want to work in tech or run your own business, chances are high that you’ll be working with data at some point. That means you need to know about data privacy, and it’s hard to find someone more knowledgeable and experienced than Sheila FitzPatrick. Sheila is the founder and president of FitzPatrick & Associates, a strategic global data privacy and protection compliance consulting firm. In this episode, we discuss… What developers/tech professionals need to know to make sure that their work follows best practices for data collection and privacy The differences between privacy and security What counts as personal data, and why it’s important to be completely clear on what data you’re collecting and why Learn more about Sheila and what we discussed on the Learn to Code With Me website. Thank you to this episode’s sponsors, Flatiron School and dotTech Domains.

We had a unique opportunity in talking with data privacy attorney Sheila FitzPatrick. She lives and breathes data security and is recognized expert on EU and other international data protection laws. FitzPatrick has direct experience in representing companies in front of EU data protection authorities (DPAs). She also sits on various governmental data privacy advisory boards. During this first part of the interview with her, we focused on the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which she says is the biggest overhaul in EU security and privacy rules in twenty years. One important point FitzPatrick makes is that the GDPR is not only more restrictive than the existing Data Protection Directive—breach notification, impact assessment rules—but also has far broader coverage. Cloud computing companies no matter where they are located will be under the GDPR if they are asked to process personal data of EU citizens by their corporate customers. The same goes for companies (or controllers in GDPR-speak) outside the EU who directly collect personal data – think of any US-based e-commerce or social networking company on the web. Keep all this in mind as you listen to our in-depth discussion with this data privacy and security law professional. Transcript Cindy Ng Sheila FitzPatrick has over 20 years of experience running her own firm as a data protection attorney. She also serves as outside counsel for Netapp as their chief privacy officer, where she provides expertise in global data protection compliance, cyber security regulations, and legal issues associated with cloud computing and big data. In this series, Sheila will be sharing her expertise on GDPR, PCI compliance, and the data security landscape. Andy Green Yeah, Sheila. I'm very impressed by your bio and the fact that you've actually dealt with some of these PPA's and EU data protection authorities that we've been writing about. I know there's been, so the GPDR will go into effect in 2018, and I'm just wondering what sort of the biggest change for companies, I guess they're calling them data controllers, in dealing with DPA's under the law. Is there something that comes to mind first? Sheila FitzPatrick And thank you for the compliment by the way. I live and breathe data privacy. This is the stuff I love. GPR ...I mean is certainly the biggest overhaul in 20 years, when it comes to the implication of new data privacy regulations. Much more restrictive than what we've seen in the past. And most companies are struggling because they thought what was previously in place was strict. There's a couple things that stick out when it comes GDPR, is when you look at the roles of the data controller verses the data processor, in the past many of the data processors, especially when you talk about third party outsourcing companies and any particular cloud providers, have pushed sole liability for data compliance down to their customers. Basically, saying you decide what you're going to put in our environment, you have responsibility for the privacy and security aspects. We basically accept minimal responsibility. Usually, it's around physical security. The GDPR now is going to put very comprehensive and very well-defined regulations and obligations in place for data processors as well. Saying that they can no longer flow responsibility for privacy compliance down to their customers. And if they're going to be... even if they... often times, cloud providers will say, "We will comply with the laws in countries where we have our processing centers." And that's not sufficient under the new laws. Because if they have a data processing center say in in UK, but they're processing the data of a German citizen or a Canadian citizen or someone from Asia Pacific, Australia, New Zealand, they're now going to have to comply with the laws in those countries as well. They can't just push it down to their customers. The other part of GDPR that is quite different and it's one of the first times it's really going to be put into place is that it doesn't just apply to companies that have operations within the EU. It is basically any company regardless of where they're located and regardless of whether or not they have a presence in the EU, if they have access to the personal data of any EU citizen they will have to comply with the regulations under the GDPR. And that's a significant change. And then the third one being the sanction. And the sanction can be 20,000,000 euro or 4% of your global annual revenue, whichever is higher. That's a substantial change as well. Andy Green Right, So that's some big, big changes. So you're referring to I think, what they call 'territorial scope'? They don't have to necessarily have an office or an establishment in the EU as long as they are collecting data? I mean we're really referring to social media and to the web commerce, or e-commerce. Sheila FitzPatrick Absolutely, but it's going to apply to any company. So even if for instance you say, "Well, we don't have any, we're just a US domestic company", but if you have employees in your environment that hold EU citizenship, you will have to protect their data in accordance with GDPR. You can't say, well they're working the US, therefore US law applies. That's not going to be the case if they know that the individual holds citizenship in the EU. Andy Green We're talking about employees, or...? Sheila FitzPatrick Could be employees, absolutely. Employees... Andy Green Anybody? Sheila FitzPatrick Anybody. Andy Green Isn't that interesting? I mean one question about this expanded territorial scope, is how are they going to enforce this against US companies? Or not just US, but any company that is doing business but doesn't necessarily have an office or an establishment? Sheila FitzPatrick Well it can be... see what happens under GDPR is any individual can file a complaint with the ports in basically any jurisdiction. They can file it at the EU level. They can file with it within the countries where they hold their citizenship. They can file it now with US courts, although the US courts... and part of that is tied to the new privacy shield, which is a joke. I mean, I think that will be invalidated fairly quickly. With the whole Redress Act, it does allow EU citizens to file complaints with the US courts to protect their personal data in accordance with EU laws. Andy Green So, just to follow through, if I came from the UK into the US and was doing transactions, credit card transactions, my data would be protected under EU law? Sheila FitzPatrick Well, if the company knows you're an EU citizen. They're not going to necessarily know. So, in some cases if they don't know, they're not going to held accountable. But if they absolutely do know then they will have to protect that data in accordance with UK or EU law. Well, not the UK... if Brexit goes through, the EU law won't matter. The UK data protection act will take precedence. Andy Green Wow. You know it's just really fascinating how the data protection and privacy now is just so important. Right, with the new GPDR? For everybody, not just the EU companies. Sheila FitzPatrick Yeah, and its always been important, it's just the US has a totally different attitude. I mean the US has the least restrictive privacy laws in the world. So for individuals that have really never worked or lived outside of the US, the mindset is very much the US mindset, which is the business takes precedence. Where everywhere else in the world, the fundamental right to privacy takes precedence over everything. Andy Green We're getting a lot of questions from our customers the new Breach Notification rule... Sheila FitzPatrick Ask me. Andy Green ...in the GDPR. I was wondering if you could talk about... What are one the most important things you would do when you discover a breach? I mean if you could prioritize it in any way. How would you advise a customer about how to have a breach response program in a GDPR context? Sheila FitzPatrick Yeah. Well first and foremost you do need to have in place, before a breach even occurs, an incident response team that's not made up of just the IT. Because normally organizations have an IT focus. You need to have a response team that includes IT, your chief privacy officer. And if the person... normally a CPO would sit in legal. If he doesn't sit in legally, you want a legal representative in there as well. You need someone from PR, communications that can actually be the public-facing voice for the company. You need to have someone within Finance and Risk Management that sits on there. So the first thing to do is to make sure you have that group in place that goes into action immediately. Secondly, you need to determine what data has potentially been breached, even if it hasn't. Because under GDPR, it's not... previously it's been if there's definitely been a breach that can harm an individual. The definition is if it's likely to affect an individual. That's totally different than if the individual could be harmed. So you need to determine okay, what data has been breached, and does it impact an individual? So, as opposed to if company-related information was breached, there's a different process you go through. Individual employee or customer data has been breached, the individual, is it likely to affect them? So that's pretty much anything. That's a very broad definition. If someone gets a hold of their email address, yes, that could affect them. Someone could email them who is not authorized to email them. So, you have to launch into that investigation right away and then classify the data that has been any intrusion into the data, what that data is classified as. Is it personal data? Is it personal sensitive data? And then rank it based on is it likely to affect an individual? Is it likely to impact an individual? Is it likely to harm an individual? So there could be three levels. Based on that, what kind of notification? So if it's likely to affect or impact an individual, you would have to let them know. If it's likely to harm an individual, you absolutely have to let them know and the data protection authorities know. Andy Green And the DPA, right? So, if I'm a consumer, the threshold is... in other words, if the company's holding my data, I'm not an employee, the threshold is likely to harm or likely to affect? Sheila FitzPatrick Likely to affect. Andy Green Affect. Okay. That's a little more generous in terms of... Sheila FitzPatrick Right. Right. And that has changed, so it's put more accountability on a company, because you know that a lot of companies have probably had breaches and have never reported them. So, because they go oh well, there was no Social Security Number, National Identification number, or financial data. It was just their name and their address and their home phone number or their cell phone. And the definition previously has been well, it can't really harm them. We don't need to let them know. And then all of a sudden people's names show up on these mailing lists. And they're starting to get this unsolicited marketing. And they can't determine whether or not... how did they get that? Was it based on a breach or is it based on trolling the Internet and gathering information and a broker selling that information? That's the other thing. Brokers are going to be impacted by the new GDPR, because in order to sell their lists they have to have explicit consent of the individual to include their name on a list that they're going to sell to companies. Andy Green Alright. Okay. So, it's quite consumer friendly compared to what we have in the US. Sheila FitzPatrick Yes. Andy Green Is there sort of new rules about what they call sensitive data? And if you're going to process certain classes of sensitive data, you need approval from the... I think at some point you might need approval from the DPA? You know what I'm referring to? I think it's the... Sheila FitzPatrick Yes. Absolutely. I mean, that's always been in place in most of the member states. So, if you look at the member states that have the more restrictive data privacy laws like Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, they've always had the requirement that you have to register the data with the data protection authorities. And in order to collect and transfer outside of the country of origination any sensitive data, it did require approval. The difference now is that any personal data that you collect on an individual, whether it's an employee, whether it's a customer, whether it's a supplier, you have to obtain unambiguous and freely given explicit consent. Now this is any kind of data, and that includes sensitive data. Now the one difference with the new law is that there are just a few categories which are truly defined as sensitive data. That's not what we think of sensitive data. We think of like birth date. Maybe gender. That information is certainly considered sensitive under... that's personal data under EU law and everywhere else in the world, so it has to be treated to a high degree of privacy. But the categories that are political/religious affiliation, medical history, criminal convictions, social issues and trade union membership: that's a subset. It's considered highly sensitive information in Europe. To collect and transfer that information is going to now require explicit approval not only from the individual but from the DPA. Separate from the registrations you have done. Andy Green So, I think what I'm referring to is what they call the Impact Assessment. Sheila FitzPatrick Privacy Impact Assessments have to be conducted now anytime... and we've always... Anytime I've worked with any company, I've implemented Privacy Impact Assessments. They're now required under the new GDPR for any collection of any personal data. Andy Green But sensitive data... I think they talked about a DNA data or bio-related data. Sheila FitzPatrick Oh no. So, what you're doing... What happened under GPDR, they have expanded the definition of personal data. And so that not the sensitive, that's expanding the definition of personal data to include biometric information, genetic information, and location data. That data was never included under the definition of personal data. Because the belief was, well you can't really tie that back to an individual. They have found out since the original laws put in place that yes you can indeed tie that back to an individual. So, that is now included into the definition. Andy Green In sort of catching up a little bit with that technology? Sheila FitzPatrick Yeah. Exactly. But part of what GPDR did was it went from being a law around processing of personal data to a law that really moves you into the digital age. So, it's anything about tracking or monitoring or tying different aspects or elements of data together to be able to identify a person. So, it's really entering into the digital age. So, it's trying to catch up with new technology. Andy Green I have one more question on the GDPR subject. There's some mention in the law about sort of outside bodies can certify...? Sheila FitzPatrick Well, they're talking about having private certifications and privacy codes. Right now, those are not in place. The highest standard you have right now for privacy law is what's call Binding Corporate Rules. And so companies that have their Binding Corporate rules in place, there's only less than a hundred companies worldwide that have those. And actually, I've written them for a number of companies, including Netapp has Binding Corporate rules in place. That is the gold standard. If you have BCRs, you are 90% compliant with GDPR. But the additional certifications that they're talking about aren't in place yet. Andy Green So, it may be possible to get a certification from some outside body and that would somehow help prove your... I mean, so if an incident happens and the DPA looks into it, having that compliance should help a little bit in terms of any kind of enforcement action? Sheila FitzPatrick yes, it certainly will once they come up with what those are. Unless you have Binding Corporate Rules. But right now... I mean if you're thinking something like a trustee. No. there is no trustee certification. Trustee is a US certification for privacy, but it's not a certification for GDPR. Andy Green Alright. Well, thank you so much. I mean these are questions that, I mean it's great to talk to an expert and get some more perspective on this.

Joining us today is Sean Guillory, who teaches in the Russian and East European Studies Center at the University of Pittsburgh. Sean has a Ph.D. in History from UCLA. He is the host of the Sean's Russia Blog Podcast, a weekly conversation on Eurasian politics, history, and culture. You can follow him on Twitter at @seansrussiablog and support him through Patreon. Sean recently wrote a great essay for Contrivers' Review on the Russian Revolution. When I approached him for the piece, my idea was to get a meta-review:  a discussion of all the takes on the Russian Revolution — a timely but controversial topic. What we got was a richer critique of how writers in general mistreat the Russian Revolution. In some ways, any history of a revolution might fall prey to these errors. But America's long history with Russia, Marxism, and anti-communism makes our reading of the Russian Revolution particularly vulnerable. Sean Guillory, "Making Sense of the Russian Revolution," Contrivers' Review. Baskar Sunkara, "The Few Who Won," Jacobin. Sheila Fitzpatrick, "What's Left?" London Review of Books. Vladimir Tismaneanu, "One Hundred Years of Communism," Public Seminar. Stephen Kotkin, Magnetic Mountain (University of California Press, 1997). Jochen Hellbeck, Revolution on My Mind: Writing a Diary Under Stalin (Havard University Press, 2009). Reds (1981). Edmund Wilson, To The Finland Station (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012). Lars T. Lih, Lenin (Reaktion Books, 2012). Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Crime and Punishment in the Russian Revolution: Mob Justice and Police in Petrograd (Belknap Press, 2017) Mark Steinberg, The Russian Revolution, 1905-1921 (Oxford University Press, 2017) China Miéville, October: The Story of the Russian Revolution (Verso, 2017). Mikhail Zygar, All the Kremlin's Men (PublicAffairs, 2017). The Public Sphere is a podcast from Contrivers' Review. Visit www.contrivers.org to read great essays and interviews. You can also sign up for our newsletter, follow us on Twitter, or like our Facebook page. If you have a suggestion for the podcast, or an essay or review you'd like to pitch, get in touch with us through social media or email. The Public Sphere is on iTunes where you can rate and review us. Thanks for listening. Our cover art a modified version of a photo from the Fonds André Cros, preserved by the city archives of Toulouse and released under CC BY-SA 4.0 license by the deliberation n°27.3 of June 23rd, 2017 of the Town Council of the City of Toulouse.

There is no doubt for many 2018 will be the year of data privacy, driven, in no small part, by the impending EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In my opinion GDPR has many positives elements to it, it's the opportunity for businesses to look at how they manage, secure and retain the privacy of data across their organisations and for too many of us, this is something that's long overdue. GDPR (and other regulations) however are not just a good idea, they are something that we need to comply with and May 25th 2018 is the date when GDPR becomes enforceable. With that in mind, what are some of the changes that we should expect? what things are no longer going to acceptable practice? and what are the things really that we should have in place by that date? This week we look at exactly that topic as I'm joined by data privacy expert and attorney Sheila FitzPatrick, founder of FitzPatrick and Associates and a globally recognised data privacy expert with over 35 years' experience in the data privacy field. Who better then to ask and get some advice from on some of the pitfalls and common misconceptions of data privacy and, when it comes to GDPR,  what are some of the basics that we really need to have in place by May 25th 2018. During this episode we discuss a range of issues, we look at where we should start and why that place really shouldn't be technology, Sheila also touches on why it's important to be weary of "GDPR" experts selling you their compliance technology. We discuss some of the common misconceptions and mistakes that organisations are making in their business compliance work and how this often leads to companies spending a lot of money unnecessarily, we also look at why focusing on GDPR alone can be a big problem in itself. We explore where to start on your compliance journey by understanding your current policies and procedures and what they are based upon and the importance of GAP analysis, so you can understand what work is needed to meet the requirements of GDPR. To wrap up we look at the things organisations are currently doing with their data that come May 26th 2018 will no longer be acceptable. Lastly, I ask Sheila whether she has advice for those that think GDPR won't affect them and she does! Sheila, as always, shares some great insights into the world of data privacy and compliance and does so with her usual enthusiasm for the topic Enjoy the show. For full show notes :- https://wp.me/p4IvtA-1xf

Today's guest, Sheila Fitzpatrick, discusses some of the myriad interpretations that have been given to the 1917 revolutions, judgments about its success and importance, and offers insight into Russia's own subdued attitude toward the centenary.

It's been 100 years since the Emperor of Russia was overthrown by a group of left wing revolutionaries espousing a radical change in politics and economics, who turned the Russian Empire into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The echoes of 1917 reverberated around the world, and, at the close of 2017, historians did what historians tend to do: look back at what happened and try to encapsulate the global significance of the Bolshevik Revolution. Today's guest, Sheila Fitzpatrick, discusses some of the myriad interpretations that have been given to the 1917 revolutions, judgments about its success and importance, and offers insight into Russia's own subdued attitude toward the centenary.

I denne episoden forsøker vi oss på et kort forsøk på å forklare hva den russiske revolusjonen var for noe. Pål spør og graver, Lars svarer så godt han kan.    Som dere muligens vet så er den russiske revolusjon en temmelig kompleks hendelse, som man lenge ofte var enten for eller imot. Det er fortsatt uenigheter blant historikere og andre om hvordan mange av disse hendelsene skal forstås, og det er sikker noen som vil være uenige med noe av det som sies her. Men vi mener å ha fått de fleste fakta mer eller mindre korrekt, og korrigerer gjerne kommentarer som skulle vise seg å være riv ruskende gale.    NB NB: Pål har helt rett, det er selvfølgelig Jahn Teigen som har sangen Glasnost, som han deltok med i den norske Melodi Grand Prix i 1988 og kom på andre plass. Lars tenkte selvfølgelig på Kjetil Stokkans Brandenburger Tor, som vant norske grand prix-finalen i 1990, men kom på delt sisteplass sammen med Finland i den internasjonale konkurransen. Vi kan vel konkludere med at norsk popmusikk var en viktig pådriver for jernteppets fall, verden hadde antakeligvis sett helt annerledes ut, og vi venter fortsatt på at ledende internasjonale eksperter på den kalde krigen skal ta dette faktum inn over seg. Mens vi venter kan vi jo høre sangene en gang til: Jahn Teigen, Glasnost: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQeKE1LDAxo Kjetil Stokkan, Brandenburger Tor: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzP25eqwMKw    Lydutdrag brukt i episoden:  Lenins tale fra mars 1919: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lzf3FRSbEUk Dimitri Sjostakovitsj 12.symfoni “1917”, fremført av Leningrad symfoniorkester, ledet av Evgenij Mravinskij, i Leningrad 30.april 1984 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_IGkwov3EM    Kilder: Catherine Merridale - Lenin on the train Orlando Figes - Revolutionary Russia, 1891-1991: A history, og A people's tragedy: The Russian Revolution, 1891-1924 Tony Brenton (red.) - Historically inevitable? Turning points of the Russian Revolution China Miéville - October: The Story of the Russian Revolution Lenin, Slavoj Zizek (red.) - Revolution at the gates. The 1917 writings Robert Service - The Penguin History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-first Century    Hans Wilhelm Steinfelds siste korrespondentbrev fra Russland, fra 2014. Her oversetter han blant annet Fjodor Tjutsjevs dikt fra 1866, som vi nevner på starten av episoden: https://www.nrk.no/urix/steinfelds-siste-korrespondentbrev-1.11795557    Et par gode podcaster om revolusjonen:  Erling Sandmo, Aslak Sira-Myre og Åsmund Egge snakker om hvordan revolusjonen ble mottatt i avisene her til lands: https://soundcloud.com/nasjonalbiblioteket/arkivert-russisk-revolusjon-aslak-sira-myhre-og-erling-sandmo?in=nasjonalbiblioteket/sets/arkivert Tor Bomann-Larsen om brevet fra tsar Nikolaj den 2. til kong Haakon i februar 1917: https://soundcloud.com/nasjonalbiblioteket/brevet-fra-tsaren-den-russiske-revolusjonen-og-kongehuset?in=nasjonalbiblioteket/sets/1917-og-den-russiske-revolusjonen Sheila Fitzpatrick om den russiske revolusjon, hennes og andres tolkninger av hendelsene: https://soundcloud.com/britishacademy/ending-the-russian-revolution-reflections-on-soviet-history-and-its-interpreters?in=history-hub/sets/the-russian-revolution Historiker Judith Devlin med en kort og fin gjennomgang av hendelsene dette året: https://soundcloud.com/history-hub/judith-devlin-on-the-russian-revolution?in=history-hub/sets/the-russian-revolution   Puh, det var mer enn nok. Takk så mye for at dere hører på. Vær så snill og legg igjen en liten beskjed eller noen stjerner på iTunes, det er faktisk veldig virkningsfullt med tanke på hvilke podcaster som dukker opp på listene der. Enda bedre, del podcasten med andre interesserte. Og til slutt, ingenting er hyggeligere enn å høre fra dere, på epost eller facebook, det gjør oss veldig lykkelige, og litt konstruktiv kritikk gjør hele prosjektet sakte men sikkert bedre.    Anbefalingene: Pål anbefaler podcastene In our time (særlig episoden om piterne) og Joe Rogans intervju med Chris Kresser (episode 1037).  Lars anbefaler boken Lab Girl av Hope Jahren (oversatt til norsk under tittelen Alt jeg vet om planter). Jahren er nylig blitt ansatt ved universitetet i Oslo, les feks intervju med henne her: https://titan.uio.no/node/1939    Takk: Takk igjen til Sveinung Sudbø som laget logoen vår, som for episoden har fått en liten kommunistisk vri. Dere finner Sveinungs arbeider på originalkopi.no, og mye mer på brenneriveien.net  Musikken er laget av Arne Kjelsrud Mathisen, som blant annet driver studioet Nygrenda Vev og Dur i Grimstad. Hadde det ikke vært så langt å reise hadde vi spilt inn alle episodene i Arnes koselige låvestudio. Se http://www.facebook.com/nygrendavevogdur for mer info.     Alt godt, hilsen Lars og Pål larsogpaal@gmail.com   

Guest: Sheila Fitzpatrick on Stalinism. The post Retrospective on Stalinism appeared first on The Eurasian Knot.

Guest: Sheila Fitzpatrick on Stalinism. The post Retrospective on Stalinism appeared first on SRB Podcast.

There is no doubt that there are many difficulties presented to organisations when it comes to their data. We understand it's an asset, something that, if we make the most of it, can be a significant advantage to us, but of course we also understand maintaining the security and privacy of it is critical. In this weeks podcast, the second part of my conversation with Global Data Protection Attorney Sheila Fitzpatrick, we discuss exactly what GDPR is going to mean to us as organisations, its impact for those both inside and outside the EU. We wrap up the episode looking at some practical steps you can take to start to build those robust compliance policies. Enjoy the Show - full show notes are here - http://wp.me/p4IvtA-Ma

Data, it's the new oil, new gold, your Crown Jewels. We've all heard these phrases, but it is hard to deny that data is a fantastic asset. However, it's fair to say that data also comes with its challenges, we must store it all, make sure we protect it all and of course we need to make sure it's secure. This week is the first in a short series of shows looking at the challenges of data privacy. This week is part one of a two part chart with global data privacy attorney Sheila Fitzpatrick, with nearly 35 years experience in the field, she is the ideal guest too provide us with some initial context around the current data privacy landscape, the challenges we have and the challenges we are going to see in the future, including the upcoming EU General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR. Sheila has lots of great information to share, so settle back, there's plenty to learn.. enjoy the show. Full show notes are here.. http://wp.me/p4IvtA-Ld

The security of our data is a significant challenge for us all, as individuals and as organisations, big or small, keeping our data secure and maintaining privacy is no longer a nice to have, it's a necessity. In this episode, global data privacy expert Sheila Fitzpatrick joins me, Sheila is data privacy officer for global storage giant NetApp. In our chat, we discuss the difference between privacy and security, is the data security challenge a myth?, the impact of GDPR and how to start building robust data privacy solutions. Sheila is an attorney and renowned global expert in her field. She is truly passionate about the topic of privacy and shares some fantastic tips. So dive in and enjoy the episode. Show Notes are here... http://wp.me/p4IvtA-zD

In the next part of our discussion, data privacy attorney Sheila FitzPatrick get into the weeds and talks to us about her work in setting up Binding Corporate Rules (BCR) for multinational companies. These are actually the toughest rules of the road for data privacy and security. What are BCRs? They allow companies to internally transfer EU personal data to any of their locations in the world. The BCR agreement has to get approval from a lead national data protection authority (DPA) in the EU. FitzPatrick calls them a gold standard in compliance—they’re tough, comprehensive rules with a clear complaint process for data subjects. Another wonky area of EU compliance law she has worked on is agreements for external transfer data between companies and third-party data processors. Note: it gets even trickier when dealing with cloud providers. This is a fascinating discussion from a working data privacy lawyer. And it’s great background for IT managers who need to keep up with the lawyerly jargon while working with privacy and legal officers in their company!

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

Joanna speaks to Eurovision superfan Sheila Fitzpatrick and reviews the final 2014 songs with Ray.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

An interview with Prof. Sheila Fitzpatrick, perhaps the most influential historian of the Soviet 20th century, about her life and work. The interview will help the listener understand not only Fitzpatrick's work, but the evolution of the historiography of the USSR in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.