Podcasts about english b

TLDR: Kee's realising things, being the office's emotional dumping ground, an English B minus the anxiety. Who said you could add to my to-do list? Does saying "yes" in the moment hold you back in the long-run? And is there a way back to healthy workplace boundaries? This week, Kee and Lucy tell you exactly how to stop being a people pleaser at work.  SUBMIT YOUR MELTDOWN THINGS WE MENTIONED: 10 Ways To Stop Being A People Pleaser At WorkCan't Even, How Millennials Became the Burnout Generation by Anne Helen PetersenTwinings English Breakfast Tea Bags Decaffeinated 80 Pack HOSTS & PRODUCERS Lucy Neville / @lucymneville⁠ Kee Reece Searles / @keereece AUDIO PRODUCTION: Emmeline Peterson ARTWORK: Hollie Dempsey THEME SONG:  Extra Fries By The Fly Guy Five (Epidemic Sound) The content of this podcast is general and anecdotal, not professional, and intended for entertainment purposes only. We acknowledge the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation, the Traditional Custodians of the land we record on, and pay our respects to their Elders past and present.

Today's poem captures one of the universal challenges of education: recognizing the distinctions and distances between all human souls, and then bridging them without erasing them. Happy reading. Get full access to The Daily Poem Podcast at dailypoempod.substack.com/subscribe

Learn how to say you don't understand. Plus hear a comedian's funny story about misunderstanding an Australian idiom. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói rằng bạn không hiểu. Ngoài ra, cùng nghe câu chuyện hài hước của một diễn viên hài về việc hiểu nhầm một thành ngữ của người Úc.

Learn how to describe your body pain. Plus, hear some tips from a physiotherapist if you feel pain. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách mô tả cơn đau trên cơ thể của bạn. Ngoài ra, hãy nghe một số lời khuyên từ chuyên gia vật lý trị liệu nếu bạn cảm thấy đau nhức.

Learn how to talk about bushwalking. Plus find out tips on how hikers can stay safe and have fun. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về hoạt động đi bộ trong rừng. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu các mẹo để người đi bộ đường dài vừa giữ an toàn vừa tận hưởng thú vui này.

Learn how to talk about easy and difficult decisions. Plus, hear migrants discuss their decisions to move to Australia. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về những quyết định dễ dàng và khó khăn. Ngoài ra, hãy lắng nghe những người nhập cư thảo luận về quyết định chuyển đến Úc của họ.

Learn how to respond to a business complaint. Plus find out what help and resources are available for small business owners. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách trả lời khiếu nại của doanh nghiệp. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu những trợ giúp và nguồn lực sẵn có dành cho các chủ doanh nghiệp nhỏ.

Learn how to start a conversation about extreme weather. Plus find out where you can find multilingual information about weather emergencies. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách bắt đầu cuộc trò chuyện về thời tiết khắc nghiệt. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu liệu có thể tìm thấy thông tin đa ngôn ngữ về thời tiết khẩn cấp nơi bạn ở.

Learn how to start conversations about books. Plus find out where you can find books in your language. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách bắt đầu cuộc trò chuyện về sách và đọc sách. Ngoài ra, cùng tìm hiểu bạn có thể tìm thấy các sách bằng ngôn ngữ của mình ở đâu.

Learn how to talk about thrifting and sustainable fashion. Plus find out how you can upcycle your old clothes and items for free. - Learn how to talk about thrifting and sustainable fashion. Plus find out how you can upcycle your old clothes and items for free.

Learn how to apologise in informal and formal settings. Plus find out how various cultures view the act of apologising. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói xin lỗi trong các tình huống thường ngày và trịnh trọng. Ngoài ra, cùng tìm hiểu hành động xin lỗi ở các nền văn hóa khác được thể hiện như thế nào.

00:00 - Good Morning00:08 - Emails02:31 - MDYsponsor.com03:46 - Mesechtas Kidushin Sponsorship05:03 - Amud Beis11:30 - Amud Aleph46:09 - Amud Beis1:01:04 - Amud Aleph1:01:42 - Have a Wonderful DayQuiz - https://kahoot.it/challenge/008205008--Today's shiur is sponsoredMoshe Banda: To thank Hashem that I am able to thank him for everything that I have&לע״נ חיה בת יוסף&Hashem should open up all the tzinorot bracha for Baruch Tzvi Nissim ben Shoshana Lea&Jeff Rosner: Maaser 2 & remainder Ilui Nishmas Yosef Simcha Chaim Ben Shlomo Yehuda&Lock and Lebovic families Lakewood NJ because torah and achdus are the best segula&He uses his English Name so Happy 51st English B'day to Mark Aschkenasy!​​---Turning of the dafMordechai Sapoznick: in honor of R' Eli&the MDY Tehillim Group, where we daven for Refuos, Yeshuos and Shidduchim for Klal Yisroel AND for our MDY Family.Join us at Tehillim.8mindaf.com

Learn how to talk about criminal activities. Plus find out about Sydney's grim past. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về các hoạt động tội phạm. Ngoài ra, cùng tìm hiểu về Sydney trước đây đến đầu thế kỷ 20.

Learn how to talk about a tax return. Plus find out how a tax deduction can help reduce your tax bill. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về khai thuế. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu cách khấu trừ thuế có thể giúp giảm hóa đơn thuế của bạn.

Learn how to talk about contemporary and classical music, and discover the true role of a conductor. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về âm nhạc đương đại và cổ điển, đồng thời khám phá vai trò thực sự của một nhạc trưởng.

Learn how to talk about your struggles with a trusted friend. Also, know how to ask for help if you're going through abuse in the home. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về những khó khăn của bạn với một người bạn đáng tin cậy. Ngoài ra, hãy biết cách yêu cầu giúp đỡ nếu bạn đang bị lạm dụng trong nhà.

After a lengthy break, Dan and Rachael are back behind the microphones! This episode we talk with English B teacher, Laura Esteban.

Learn how to talk with a real estate agent before buying a house. Also, practise listening and understanding to an auction. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu cách nói chuyện với đại lý bất động sản trước khi mua một ngôi nhà. Ngoài ra, hãy luyện nghe và hiểu một cuộc đấu giá bán nhà.

Learn how to talk about your skills and achievements. Plus, tips and strategies for attending a networking event. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về các kỹ năng và thành tích của bạn. Ngoài ra, cũng tìm hiểu các bí quyết và chiến lược để tham dự một sự kiện kết nối với mọi người.

Love animals? Learn language to describe pets and how to talk to a breeder. Plus, find out three important things that you should think about before getting a pet. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Bạn yêu động vật? Cùng học ngôn ngữ để mô tả vật nuôi và cách nói chuyện với người nuôi. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu ba điều quan trọng mà bạn nên suy nghĩ trước khi nuôi thú cưng.

Learn how to arrange playdates for children. Plus, find out the benefits of playdates. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu cách sắp xếp a ngày vui chơi cho trẻ em. Ngoài ra, hãy khám phá những lợi ích của những buổi gặp gỡ vui chơi này.

Learn how to ask for more money from your employer. Plus, find out where you can access free and confidential legal help in Australia. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu làm thế nào để yêu cầu nhiều tiền lương hơn từ nhà tuyển dụng. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu bạn có thể tiếp cận trợ giúp pháp lý miễn phí và bảo mật tại Úc ở đâu.

Learn useful phrases to talk about movies and going to the cinema. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu các cụm từ hữu ích để nói về phim ảnh và đi xem phim.

Learn how to talk about goals and New Year's resolutions. Plus, find out how Three As Technique can help your language learning goals. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về các mục tiêu và quyết tâm trong năm mới. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu phương pháp Three As Technique có thể giúp ích cho mục tiêu học ngôn ngữ của bạn như thế nào.

Learn phrases for talking about different schools. Plus, find out about English support for migrant and refugee students. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học các cụm từ để nói về các trường học khác nhau. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu về hỗ trợ tiếng Anh cho sinh viên nhập cư và tị nạn.

Learn how to express romantic feelings. Plus, find out why the 14th of February became known as St Valentine's Day. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách thể hiện cảm xúc lãng mạn. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu lý do tại sao ngày 14 tháng 2 được gọi là Ngày lễ tình nhân hay lễ tình yêu.

Learn how to ask about someone's religious beliefs. Plus, find out if Australia is a religious country. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách hỏi về niềm tin tôn giáo của người nào đó. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu xem Úc có phải là một quốc gia tôn giáo hay không.

Learn phrases for expressing disappointment. Plus, find out how Mt Disappointment got its name. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu các cụm từ thể hiện sự thất vọng. Ngoài ra, cùng tìm hiểu tại sao Núi Mt Disappointment lại được đặt tên như thế.

Learn how to start a conversation and talk about soccer . Plus, find out how the Socceroos and Matildas got their names. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu làm thế nào để bắt đầu một cuộc trò chuyện và nói về bóng đá. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu tại sao lại có tên Socceroos và Matildas.

Learn some phrases you can use when talking about pregnancy. Plus, find out the difference between going to a public and private hospital. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu một số cụm từ bạn có thể sử dụng khi nói về việc mang thai. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu sự khác biệt giữa việc đi khám ở bệnh viện công và bệnh viện tư.

Learn formal and informal ways to invite someone to a celebration. Plus, find out how to celebrate Diwali festival. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu những cách nói trang trọng và thông thường khi muốn mời ai đó đến dự tiệc hay lễ kỷ niệm. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu mọi người mừng lễ Diwali ra sao.

Learn phrases you can use to resolve workplace conflict. Plus, find out where to access free content that can help you reduce the daily stress in your life. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu các cụm từ bạn có thể sử dụng để giải quyết xung đột tại nơi làm việc. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm nơi truy cập nội dung miễn phí có thể giúp bạn giảm bớt căng thẳng hàng ngày trong cuộc sống.

Learn some phrases you can use when you want to participate in community sport. Plus, find out why community sport is an important part of Australian culture. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu một số cụm từ bạn có thể sử dụng khi muốn tham gia thể thao cộng đồng. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu lý do tại sao thể thao cộng đồng là một phần quan trọng của văn hóa Úc.

Learn phrases to talk about plants and gardening. Plus, find out how you can become a gardener even if you don't have a garden. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học các cụm từ nói về cây cối và làm vườn. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu làm cách nào có thể làm vườn ngay cả khi bạn không có vườn riêng.

Learn how to talk about Aussie Rules football. Plus, find out how you can play footy and represent your community and country of origin. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Tìm hiểu cách nói về các quy tắc bóng bầu dục Úc. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu cách chơi bóng bầu dục, đại diện cho cộng đồng và quốc gia cội nguồn của bạn.

Learn how to talk about recycling. Plus, find out how you can live a sustainable life. - Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói về tái chế. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu cách bạn có thể sống một cuộc sống bền vững.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học các cụm từ hữu ích khi thuê xe hơi, ngoài ra cùng tìm hiểu một số quy tắc đường bộ quan trọng và đặc biệt của Úc.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: tìm hiểu cách nói chuyện với công ty cung cấp điện của bạn về việc chuyển đổi thỏa thuận sử dụng điện, đồng thời khám phá các mẹo giúp bạn có thể cắt giảm chi phí dùng điện của mình.

Cheryl Magness joins Steph and Tiffany to talk about her decade's long journey of serving as primary caregiver for her aging mother. Listener - whether you're in a season of caretaking for elderly parents, or whether that seems too far down the road, we want to encourage you to take a listen. Cheryl has written extensively on this topic and brings much wisdom to the conversation of vocation, the parent-child relationship, sacrificial love for one's family, and how to faithfully observe the Fourth Commandment even when the role of caretaking has shifted.   Resources from this episode: Find LadyLike: Living Biblically at cph.org/p-28440-LadyLike-Living-Biblically.aspx  Find Luther's Large Catechism at cph.org/p-572-Luthers-Large-Catechism.aspx  Access Luther's “All Become One Cake” sermon at files.lcms.org/dl/f/AEBCF887-0C81-47AB-B791-F22B758D837F  Bio: Cheryl Magness is managing editor of Reporter, the official newspaper of The Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (LCMS). In addition to Reporter, she has written for a variety of print and online publications, including The Federalist, Salvo, Touchstone, Sister Daughter Mother Wife, and The Lutheran Witness. She is a contributor to the book He Restores My Soul from Emmanuel Press and has degrees in piano performance (B.M., University of North Texas) and English (B.S., University of North Texas; M.A., University of Houston). She has taught English at both the secondary and college level and spent many years working as a piano accompanist for local schools and community musical organizations.    Cheryl grew up in Texas, which is also where she met her husband, Phillip. Phillip is a director of parish music who is currently serving a dual call as cantor at Village Lutheran Church in Ladue, Mo., and LCMS missionary to French-speaking West Africa. Phillip and Cheryl have three adult children: Trevor, married to Amalia; Caitlin; and Evan. When not writing, editing, or spending time with her family, Cheryl enjoys playing piano for her church and for chapel at the LCMS International Center.   Learn about LCMS Life Ministry at lcms.org/life, and email us at friendsforlife@lcms.org. Not all the views expressed are necessarily those of the LCMS; please discuss any questions with your pastor.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: cùng học một số cụm từ bạn có thể sử dụng khi muốn nói về kỳ nghỉ. Ngoài ra, hãy tìm hiểu những địa điểm đi chơi vào mùa đông ở Úc.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói về công việc linh hoạt với nhà tuyển dụng. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu về các quy tắc sắp xếp làm việc linh hoạt ở Úc.

✨AN INCREDIBLE JULY 2022 SPEAKER SERIES AT SYNCHRONICITY UNIVERSITY! Limited Time Choose Your Tuition Rate on now! Learn more and sign up at https://www.synchronicityuniversity.com Classes include: Clarissa Dolphin - Find Your Tribe with the Lunar South Node Christopher Renstrom - Where Does it Hurt? The Astrology of Chiron Christina Divina (Butterfly Astrology) - Intuition or Insanity? Working with Neptune in your Birth Chart Janay Anthony - Tuned in & Turned On: A Comprehensive Look at Sex and Astrology 5. Alexis Duong - How To Do Astrology When You're Nihilistic and the World Sucks REMEMBER! SYNCHRONICITY UNIVERSITY LIMITED TIME, WORLD FAMOUS CHOOSE YOUR TUITION RATE! Learn more and sign up at https://www.synchronicityuniversity.com There's no better way to find your Soul Purpose than through the Lunar South Node. Of all the points and celestial bodies in the chart, Ketu is the one who sucks people into your life. Discover who you are destined to be around, turn up with, turn down with, commune with and influence through this critical social point. Clarissa Dolphin is a certified Vibrational Astrologer and active researcher. She earned two English B.A.s from the University of Pittsburgh, a Masters in Publishing from the University of the Arts London, and a Professional Astrology Certificate from Avalon School of Astrology. Her work has been featured in multiple publications, including The Career Astrologer, Dirty Laundry, White Hot, Broccoli City, Notion and award-winning art magazine FAINT. Clarissa's research has led to breakthroughs on the Lunar Nodes, the Quincunx and Arabic Parts. She also teaches, conducts readings and lectures. Clarissa serves on the International Society for Astrological Research Board of Directors. Website SiderealSoul.com Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/clarissadolphin/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SiderealSoulAstro Twitter: https://twitter.com/clarissadolphin

The beautiful poetry of Langston Hughes Theme For English B (1951) I, Too! (1921) Donations: CashApp: $JessTSM PayPal: karla_joh@yahoo.com --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/karla3507/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/karla3507/support

"The text is so crucial to my process. I try and derive every little detail -- rhythm and harmony and melody and the overall mood and tone and textures and timbres of the piece -- from the text itself. The text is really at the heart of everything I do."Dale Trumbore is a Los Angeles-based composer and writer whose music has been called "devastatingly beautiful" (The Washington Post) and praised for its "soaring melodies and beguiling harmonies deployed with finesse" (The New York Times). Trumbore's compositions have been performed widely in the U.S. and internationally by the Chicago Symphony's MusicNOW ensemble, Los Angeles Children's Chorus, Los Angeles Master Chorale, Modesto Symphony, Pasadena Symphony, Phoenix Chorale, Tonality, and VocalEssence.​The recipient of ACDA's inaugural Raymond W. Brock Competition for Professional Composers, an ASCAP Morton Gould Award, and a Chamber Music America Classical Commissioning Grant, Trumbore has also served as Composer in Residence for Choral Chameleon. She has been awarded artist residencies at Copland House, the Helene Wurlitzer Foundation, the Tusen Takk Foundation, and Ucross. Her choral works have been commissioned for premieres at national conferences of the American Choral Directors Association, American Guild of Organists, Chorus America, and National Collegiate Choral Organization, and her music is available through Boosey & Hawkes, G. Schirmer, and Graphite Marketplace.Trumbore is passionate about setting to music poems, prose, and found text by living writers. She has  written extensively about working through creative blocks and establishing a career in music in essays for Cantate Magazine, the Center for New Music, and NewMusicBox. Her first book, Staying Composed: Overcoming Anxiety and Self-Doubt Within a Creative Life, was hailed by writer Angela Myles Beeching as a "treasure trove of practical strategies for moving your artistic career forward... not only for composers, but for performers, writers, and any other creatives." Trumbore's short fiction is published or forthcoming from Southern Indiana Review, New Delta Review, and F(r)iction. She is currently working on a collection of short stories.Trumbore holds a dual degree in Music Composition (B.M.) and English (B.A.) from the University of Maryland, as well as a Master of Music degree in Composition from the University of Southern California. A New Jersey native, Trumbore currently lives in Azusa, CA with her spouse and their three cats.To get in touch with Dale, you can visit her website --  daletrumbore.com -- or use her contact form.Email choirfampodcast@gmail.com to contact our hosts.Podcast music from Podcast.coPhoto in episode artwork by Trace Hudson from Pexels

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học từ vựng bạn có thể sử dụng khi nói về chế độ ăn uống lành mạnh và trọng lượng cơ thể. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu tại sao béo phì đang trở thành vấn đề sức khỏe cộng đồng lớn tại Úc.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách trả lời ba câu hỏi phỏng vấn thông dụng nhất từ nhà tuyển dụng Úc. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu các cuộc phỏng vấn xin việc ở Úc khác các nước khác ra sao.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói về những điều có thể xảy ra. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng Sheldon Riley dự đoán xem ai có cơ hội chiến thắng cao nhất trong Cuộc thi Âm nhạc lớn nhất châu Âu Eurovision năm nay.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói chuyện một cách tự tin về việc bỏ phiếu và bầu cử ở Úc. Ngoài ra, hãy cùng tìm hiểu về hệ thống bầu cử tại Úc.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói cũng như các từ ngữ cần thiết khi đi gặp nha sĩ khám răng, đồng thời tìm hiểu về những quyền lợi từ chương trình hỗ trợ nha khoa dành cho trẻ em của chính phủ Úc Child Dental Benefits Schedule.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về nền tảng văn hóa của bạn, đồng thời tìm hiểu tại sao Ngày Quốc khánh Úc lại là ngày biểu tình của người thổ dân.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói khi thiếu tiền trong các tình huống cá nhân và nghề nghiệp, và cùng tìm hiểu làm thế nào để có thể nhận được sự hỗ trợ miễn phí và bảo mật nếu bạn gặp khó khăn về tài chính.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: các cách diễn đạt thích hoặc không thích điều gì đó, và cùng tìm hiểu hai món tráng miệng nổi tiếng của Úc là lamingtons và pavlova.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách nói về các kế hoạch tương lai, đồng thời cùng tìm hiểu truyền thuyết về việc tặng phong bao đỏ cho trẻ em trong dịp Tết Nguyên đán.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: học cách nói khi cần nghỉ bệnh hoặc nghỉ để chăm sóc người bệnh. Ngoài ra, cùng tìm hiểu về quyền lợi nghỉ bệnh của bạn tại công sở Úc.

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học cách từ chối các lời mời, đồng thời tìm hiểu bài hát truyền thống ngay trước đêm Giao thừa. 

Học tiếng Anh cùng SBS: Học các cách nói thông thường khi rủ bạn bè đi biển. Ngoài ra, cùng tìm hiểu mối nguy hiểm số một trên các bãi biển của Úc và cách giữ an toàn khi bơi trên biển.

Few languages use the English V sound, and so it's very common to replace it with a sound from one's first language. Most often, I notice students use an English B, W or F sound in place of a V. This can lead to mixing-up one's words altogether, so don't miss a second of this episode, and get a good grasp on the V sound with me here!Check out my video course on Udemy to master your use of Syllable stress!https://www.udemy.com/course/command-the-american-accents-rhythm-and-pronunciation/?referralCode=C96318A268600601A20FFollow along with these idiomatic Expressions:1. Live it up Enjoying an experience to the fullestEnjoy Miami, I hope you really live it up!2. Liven it up Make something more exciting Let's liven things up with some better music. 3. Hold out an olive branch To make a gesture of peaceAccept their olive branch and forget about your fight. 4. Get over something To accept an unpleasant factThey're mad about another loss, but they'll get over it. 

Episode 100 Notes and Links to Susan Muaddi Darraj's Work        On Episode 100 of The Chills at Will Podcast, Pete welcomes Susan Muaddi Darraj, and the two talk about their shared love for S.E. Hinton and public libraries, in addition to Susan's history with language and words. They also discuss, among other topics, Susan's versatile writing and knack for getting inside the heads of her characters and her reading public, her experience with Palestinan-American representation in literature, as well as her award-winning work for adults and middle-graders.        Susan Muaddi Darraj's short story collection, A Curious Land: Stories from Home, was named the winner of the AWP Grace Paley Prize for Short Fiction, judged by Jaime Manrique.   It also won the 2016 Arab American Book Award, a 2016 American Book Award, and was shortlisted for a Palestine Book Award. Her previous short story collection, The Inheritance of Exile, was published in 2007 by University of Notre Dame Press. In 2018, she was named a Ford Fellow by USA Artists. Susan also is a two-time recipient of an Individual Artist Award from the Maryland State Arts Council. She has also been awarded a Ruby's Artist Grant from the Greater Baltimore Cultural Alliance and a grant from the Sustainable Arts Foundation. In 2019, she launched the viral #TweetYourThobe social media campaign to promote Palestinian culture. Later that year, she was named winner of the Rose Nader Award, by the American Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC), an award given by the Nader family to a person who “demonstrates an unwavering dedication and commitment to values of equality and justice.” In January 2020, Capstone Books launched her debut children's chapter book series, Farah Rocks, about a smart, brave Palestinian American girl named Farah Hajjar.   Buy Susan Muaddi Darraj's Work   "Memory, home and belonging in 'A Curious Land' "   Susan Muaddi Darraj's Articles for Middle East Eye   Necessary Fiction's Review of A Curious Land: Stories from Home At about 3:00, Pete asks Susan about her childhood relationship with language and reading   At about 8:45, Susan lists and describes some memorable books that have informed her work and that she loved as a kid    At about 10:20, Susan discusses representation and how she felt or didn't feel represented as an adolescent and beyond; she also describes her groundbreaking series, Farah Rocks   At about 11:55, Susan discusses how “demoralizing” it was in not seeing her experience in what she read as a kid, and the implications of a pertinent quote from Dr. Rudine Sims Bishop   At about 13:20, Susan describes in late high school and college how Naomi Shihab Nye's Habibi was shocking and transformative for her   At about 14:30, Pete references the Episode 94 kudos and appreciation for Naomi Shihab Nye   At about 15:45, Pete wonders about lack of representation or negative representation for Arab-Americans/Palestinians, and Susan details the negative stereotypes that often lead to/come from Aladdin   At about 18:55, Susan responds to Pete's question about inspirations and “ “Eureka' moments” that catapulted her writing career, and she cites writers like Sylvia Plath, bell hooks, James Baldwin, Toni Morrison, Sandra Cisneros, Isabel Allende, and more   At about 22:50, Pete inquires about Susan's relationship with Richard Wright's work   At about 23:55, Susan details her college experience and her parents' view of her studies; she references common career expectations in Arab-American/immigrant communities and how she began to write as she taught literature    At about 28:30, Susan references #5amwritersclub and Maya Angelou's philosophy about early morning writing   At about 29:35, Pete asks Susan about who she's reading now; she shouts out S.K. Ali, Aisha Saeed, Hena Khan, and Saadia Faruqi   At about 31:00, Susan describes the excellence of poetry that draws her back, including T.S. Elliott's “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”   At about 31:35, Pete wonders how being a successful published writer has affected the way she reads    At about 33:30, Susan talks about being “energized” by movies and TV and their structure and characterization   At about 35:10, Susan talks about the biographies for young readers she wrote for Chelsea House Publishing, as well as the phenomenon of “reluctant readers for preteen boys”   At about 37:50, Pete wonders about how Susan gets her work to the correct level for young readers   At about 38:40, Pete and Susan use S.E. Hinton's work as an example of an impeccable sense of what young readers are drawn to; Pete talks about the chills that came with the cyclical nature of the book, and Susan is reminded of the iconic Theme for English B by Langston Hughes   At about 40:50, Pete recommends That Was Then, This is Now   At about 41:15, Susan gives some background on the title character's name and significance for the Farah Rocks… Series, as well talking about her choices in translation   At about 45:00, Susan and Pete talk about ableism and “the new girl” as theme, as well as some subtle    At about 48:00, Susan talks about two upcoming projects   At about 48:40, Pete asks about the seeds for the book and the title of A Curious Land: Stories from Home, and Susan discusses the connection between the collection and her first book, The Inheritance of Exile: Stories from South Philly   At about 51:00, Susan discusses research done for A Curious Land: Stories from Home   At about 53:10, Pete wonders about any pressures Susan might feel in writing from the point-of-view of a member of the Palestianian diaspora, and in talking about her changing attitude regarding this, Susan quotes Jacqueline Woodson   At about 55:00, Pete asks Susan who else is “doing the work” in writing varied stories of the Palestinian community, including Eta Frum and Susan Abulhawa   At about 56:00, Susan gives background on the epigraphs for A Curious Land…   At about 58:00, Pete and Susan highlight the beginning of the collection in setting the scene for the thematically-linked collection and talk about themes of agency and women's role in society, and sacrifice   At about 1:00:45, Pete asks Susan about her goal/rationale for using the town of the collection as a “character,” almost like Faulkner's Yoknaptawpha County, including the effects of the Occupation   At about 1:03:00, Susan talks about the diversity of The Middle East and the ironies of people assuming that she needs to be taught about Christianity; she references an article on these misconceptions by Ryan al-Natour   At about 1:07:00, Susan describes a “family-tree effect” that she instituted for her collection   At about 1:08:30, Pete reads from a review of the collection   At about 1:10:00, Susan goes in-depth about upcoming projects   At about 1:13:25, Susan gives her contact info and social media info         You can now subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, and leave me a five-star review. You can also ask for the podcast by name using Alexa, and find the pod on Stitcher, Spotify, and on Amazon Music. Follow me on IG, where I'm @chillsatwillpodcast, or on Twitter, where I'm @chillsatwillpo1. You can watch other episodes on YouTube-watch and subscribe to The Chills at Will Podcast Channel. Please subscribe to both my YouTube Channel and my podcast while you're checking out this episode.  This is a passion project of mine, a DIY operation, and I'd love for your help in promoting what I'm convinced is a unique and spirited look at an often-ignored art form. The intro song for The Chills at Will Podcast is “Wind Down” (Instrumental Version), and the other song played on this episode was “Hoops” (Instrumental)” by Matt Weidauer, and both songs are used through ArchesAudio.com. Please tune in for the next episode, Episode 101 with Mia St. John, former five time world champion boxer and dedicated advocate for improved mental health facilities and care. She is the author of the recently-published Fighting For My Life: A Memoir about a Mother's Loss and Grief. The episode will air on January 25.   

Read and more GoodPoetry at www.GoodPoetry.org, and listen on iTunes, Stitcher and GooglePlay Music and connect with us @itsGoodPoetry on Facebook, and Twitter.--------------------------------"Theme for English B" by Langston HughesThe instructor said,Go home and write a page tonight. And let that page come out of you— Then, it will be true.I wonder if it's that simple? I am twenty-two, colored, born in Winston-Salem. I went to school there, then Durham, then here to this college on the hill above Harlem. I am the only colored student in my class. The steps from the hill lead down into Harlem, through a park, then I cross St. Nicholas, Eighth Avenue, Seventh, and I come to the Y, the Harlem Branch Y, where I take the elevator up to my room, sit down, and write this page:It's not easy to know what is true for you or me at twenty-two, my age. But I guess I'm what I feel and see and hear, Harlem, I hear you: hear you, hear me—we two—you, me, talk on this page. (I hear New York, too.) Me—who? Well, I like to eat, sleep, drink, and be in love. I like to work, read, learn, and understand life. I like a pipe for a Christmas present, or records—Bessie, bop, or Bach. I guess being colored doesn't make me not like the same things other folks like who are other races. So will my page be colored that I write?Being me, it will not be white. But it will be a part of you, instructor. You are white— yet a part of me, as I am a part of you. That's American. Sometimes perhaps you don't want to be a part of me. Nor do I often want to be a part of you. But we are, that's true! As I learn from you, I guess you learn from me— although you're older—and white— and somewhat more free.This is my page for English B.

Matthew Perret joins us today all the way from Berlin, Germany to share his journey as he navigated the world of languages, schooling, alter egos, failure and so much more. Join this great conversation to hear more about Matthew Perret's story.  Matthew Perret was born and raised in the Thames Valley (near London, UK). He holds a BA in Modern Languages (French and Spanish) from the Queen's College, University of Oxford, he worked for 6 years as staff interpreter at SCIC, then freelanced (mainly for EU institutions). His languages are A: English B: Spanish C: French, Italian, Portuguese  And is an Interpreter-Trainer (specializing in English “B”): with various European universities, & Shanghai International Studies University since 2016.  He's an English “retour” trainer for UN, EU, African Union,&  AIIC Training.  And a Project leader of SCIC-funded “Online Resources for Conference Interpreter Training” (ORCIT), as well as a Writer-performer of theatre and comedy & trainer in public speaking. Only on the Brand the Interpreter Podcast where I share your stories about our profession!Episode NotesMatthew Perret - LinkedInA Word in Your Ear - The InterpretersLourdes De Rioja - Chuchotage/Whispering Connect with me!www.brandtheinterpreter.comFacebookTwitterLinkedInInstagram---------------------------------------------------SPONSOR INFORMATIONThank you to Liberty Language Services for sponsoring this episode.To learn more about Liberty Language Services, please visit: https://www.libertylanguageservices.com/To learn more about The Professional Medical Interpreter course, go to: https://bit.ly/pmi-course-btiFor a limited time only, you can get $50 off the full price of The Professional Medical Interpreter: A Comprehensive 40-Hour Medical Interpreting Course. Use the following coupon code at checkout: BTI50

Today I'm hanging out with Liam Wright. Liam was my first friend in England.  We have spent a lot of time cavorting on the sides of English B roads while trying to prove who actually drives on the correct side of the road. We talk about giant children, Dennis the Menace, and meaningful interactions abroad. You can follow Liam and all his immense and impressive ideas here: https://www.crowdedsaas.com/Link 01 https://www.exodus-technologies.com/ IG: @mr_liam_wright

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020.58. Schilders E,

References1.Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2.Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 [Available from: https://radiologyassistant.nl/musculoskeletal/muscle/mri-traumatic-changes.3.Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4.Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5.Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6.Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7.Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8.DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9.Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10.Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11.MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12.Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13.Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14.Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15.Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16.AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17.Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18.Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19.Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20.Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21.Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22.Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23.Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24.Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25.Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26.Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27.Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28.Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29.Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30.Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31.Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32.Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33.Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34.Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35.van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36.Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37.Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38.Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39.Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40.Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41.Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42.Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43.Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44.Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45.Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46.Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47.Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48.Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49.Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50.Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51.Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52.Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53.Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54.Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55.Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56.Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57.Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 14

References1.Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2.Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 [Available from: https://radiologyassistant.nl/musculoskeletal/muscle/mri-traumatic-changes.3.Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4.Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5.Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6.Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7.Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8.DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9.Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10.Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11.MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12.Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13.Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14.Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15.Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16.AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17.Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18.Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19.Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20.Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21.Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22.Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23.Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24.Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25.Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26.Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27.Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28.Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29.Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584.30.Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667.31.Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50.32.Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83.33.Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9.34.Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47.35.van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22.36.Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4.37.Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86.38.Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45.39.Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9.40.Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84.41.Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42.Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43.Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44.Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45.Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46.Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47.Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48.Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49.Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50.Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51.Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52.Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53.Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54.Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55.Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56.Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57.Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 14

References1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48.2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant)3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090.4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863.5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31.6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7.7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84.9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93.10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98.11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8.12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53.13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi.14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301.15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108.16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach. Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27).17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26.18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46.19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10.20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51.21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20.22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063.23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65.24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4.25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35.26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12.27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9.28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5.29. 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MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25.42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97.43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72.44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9.45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80.46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8.47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6.48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6.49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71.50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38.51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5.52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9.53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34.54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6.55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99.56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25.57. 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Theme for English B by Langston Hughes

This one I believe Langston Hughes is getting his afternoon thoughts on paper. What do you guy's think? let me know.

Heya, Be inspired by listening about the history of the one of the most recognizable brands on Earth - Amazon. Big hit to start doing what you really want and be consequent in all actions. Click the play button and have fun. Backgroung sound: SmartSound.com "Hold on to your dreams". Sound efects: FruityLoops.

Nnamdi Obukwelu, current Stern student and former linebacker & defensive end for the Indianapolis Colts, joins us in the studio to discuss his journey to the NFL and beyond. In a story about humility and grit, Nnamdi tells us about the trials he has face throughout his life and the importance of hard work and staying grounded. Hosts: Andrew Slotnick & Devna Shukla Produced: Naisham Jamshidi Technical: Bob Kerr & Daniel Thoennesson - Send us a tweet: twitter.com/sternchats Check out some photos: www.instagram.com/sternchats/ Send us an email: sternchats@gmail.com

SMA student, David Halim from 12IB, shares about his passion for drums, moving from English A to English B, and teaching others the joy of music.

In the spirit of back to school season, we have Mr. Aaron Coleman sharing his poem, "On Acquiescence," as well as his School Dose selection, "Theme for English B" by Langston Hughes. Aaron Coleman is the author of Threat Come Close (Four Way Books, 2018) and the chapbook St. Trigger, selected by Adrian Matejka for the 2015 Button Poetry Prize. A Fulbright Scholar and Cave Canem Fellow from Metro-Detroit, Aaron has lived and worked with youth in locations including Spain, South Africa, Chicago, St. Louis, and Kalamazoo. Aaron’s poems have appeared in journals including Boston Review, FENCE, and New York Times Magazine. As a poet and translator from Spanish, Aaron has received awards including the American Literary Translators Association’s Jansen Memorial Fellowship, the Tupelo Quarterly Poetry Contest, and the Cincinnati Review Schiff Award. Aaron is currently a PhD student at Washington University St. Louis, studying 20th Century literature of the African Diaspora and Translation Studies in the Comparative Literature Program’s International Writers’ Track. Music; "Another Brick in the Wall" by Richard Cheese

Next episode, next book, next review, next must-read position. Enjoy. Pssst. I was able to find a full polish version in PDF on the internet. It's not that difficult, trust me :) Backgroung sound: SmartSound.com "Hold on to your dreams". Sound efects: FruityLoops.

Hi guys. Check out this new episode of my super podcast. This time, inspiration from US. One of the Founding Fathers of the United States - Benjamin Franklin an his life. Backgroung sound: SmartSound.com "Hold on to your dreams". Sound efects: FruityLoops.

"Hap" written by Thomas Hardy • "Hap" written by Thomas Hardy • "Hap" written by Thomas Hardy • "Harlem" 1951 • Dream Boogie • Theme for English B

This week on StoryWeb: Langston Hughes’s poem “Theme for English B.” Oh, how I love this poem! It packs so much into a short space. Published on its own in 1949, it was included in Langston Hughes’s 1951 collection, Montage of a Dream Deferred. Though it gains more resonance when taken with the entire collection of Hughes’s bebop poetry, it also stands successfully on its own. In “Theme for English B,” Hughes imagines a 22-year-old black student—a transplant from North Carolina – living at the Harlem Y and going to college. He is the only “colored” student in his class at Columbia University, where Hughes himself had been a less-than-satisfied student in the 1920s. In the poem, Hughes plays with the idea of using writing – words on paper – as a tool to bridge racial, social, class, and educational differences. Through the “theme” the young man is writing, his professor – white and well educated – has the opportunity to learn from his black, yet-to-be-fully-“educated” student. Like so many other writing teachers, the professor tells his students to write what they know. He says: Go home and write a page tonight. And let that page come out of you – Then, it will be true. The student goes back to his room at the Y and writes his essay, naming things he likes, including music: “Bessie, bop, or Bach.” Being black doesn’t mean he doesn’t like Bach, but there’s a hint here that he may have even greater access to cultural experiences than the white professor, for the student has his foots in two worlds – the white university and Harlem. Though they are located right next to each other, they are nevertheless worlds apart. Or are they worlds apart? Hughes’s poem seems to hold out the promise that through words on the page, the student and his professor can bridge the cultural, social, economic, perhaps even the racial chasm that would seem on the surface to separate them. Reflecting on his passions, the things that shape his identity, the student writes: I guess being colored doesn’t make me not like the same things other folks like who are other races. So will my page be colored that I write? Being me, it will not be white. I especially love that Hughes seems to have Walt Whitman in mind. Just as Whitman imagined speaking to readers across time through his words on the page (in poems like “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry”), so, too, Hughes imagines written language as a vehicle to bridge gaps and allow us to learn about the seemingly unknowable “other.” The student says: I guess I’m what I feel and see and hear, Harlem, I hear you: hear you, hear me – we two – you, me, talk on this page. (I hear New York, too.) In some ways, as this student constructs a fledgling understanding of himself, as he imagines his identity into existence, the poem is an African American answer to Whitman’s “Song of Myself” – the young black student “singing” his experiences. He makes clear that he and the professor are both American. The student says: You are white – yet a part of me, as I am a part of you. That’s American. Sometimes perhaps you don’t want to be a part of me. Nor do I often want to be a part of you. But we are, that’s true! For ideas on teaching “Theme for English B” within the context of bebop music, an insurgent African American form of urban jazz, see Eric Otto’s fine article in Teaching American Literature. And to explore many other resources related to Hughes and his poetry, visit the StoryWeb episode on Montage of a Dream Deferred, the collection in which “Theme for English B” appears. Visit thestoryweb.com/theme for links to all these resources and to listen as Atlanta playwright Jermaine Ross reads Langston Hughes’s poem “Theme for English B.”

This week on StoryWeb: Langston Hughes’s book of poems Montage of a Dream Deferred. I play it cool And dig all jive That’s the reason I stay alive. My motto As I live and learn Is dig and be dug in return. So goes the poem “Motto” in Langston Hughes’s 1951 jazz collection, Montage of a Dream Deferred. The list of my favorite Langston Hughes poems would be long indeed, but no volume of his poetry makes my heart sing like Montage of a Dream Deferred. Not only does it include justly famous poems like “Harlem” and “Theme for English B” and lesser known poems like “Motto.” But it also – taken as a whole volume as Hughes intended – provides a marvelous portrait of the African American community in post-World War II Harlem. The story goes that Hughes wrote Montage of a Dream Deferred in a creative outburst in one week in September 1948. Hughes had just moved into his own home after being a renter his entire adult life. Writing to a friend, Hughes described Montage as “a full book-length poem in five sections,” “a precedent shattering opus—also could be known as a tour de force.” I completely concur with Hughes’s self-assessment: Montage of a Dream Deferred is very much a tour de force. In his early work, Hughes showed how the blues as a uniquely African American musical form shaped his poetry. Some time back, I explored his landmark 1925 poem “The Weary Blues” and the way it exemplified the blues influence on Hughes’s poetry. By the 1940s, however, jazz had more than come into its own, embodying the vast creativity and artistry of African Americans. Jazz is just right as a vehicle for Hughes’s poetry, for he can riff on a poetic theme much as a band member might riff on a musical motif set down by the leader. Jazz was, of course, a distinct creation of African American musicians. Though there were many white musicians who became interested in and mastered jazz and pushed it in new directions, jazz was largely an African American cultural phenomenon. No volume of Hughes’s poetry illustrates his “jazz in words” approach quite like Montage of a Dream Deferred. And here it’s especially be-bop and boogie woogie that shape the volume and provide its language and syncopated rhythms. In a prefatory note to the book, Hughes writes, [T]his poem on contemporary Harlem, like be-bop, is marked by conflicting changes, sudden nuances, sharp and impudent interjections, broken rhythms, and passages sometimes in the manner of the jam session, sometimes the popular song, punctuated by the riffs, runs, breaks, and disc-tortions of the music of a community in transition. Right from the volume’s first poem, “Dream Boogie,” we are immersed in the “cool” language of be-bop, and we encounter our first syncopated stanza of poetry. Hughes writes: Good morning, daddy! Ain’t you heard? The boogie-woogie rumble Of a dream deferred?   Listen to it closely: You’ll hear their feet Beating out and beating out a –   You think It’s a happy beat? Now that the motif has been established – the “dream deferred” – Hughes can riff on it throughout the volume, which he stressed was to be seen as one long poem rather than a collection of 87 individual short poems. He employs different voices, takes different vantage points, takes the same words and plays them back to us in a different way. Even a short and seemingly straightforward poem like “Harlem” (taught by many an American literature instructor and “sampled” by Lorraine Hansberry in the title of her pioneering play A Raisin in the Sun) can take on a deeper resonance when it’s set in the context of this jazz-in-words volume of poetry. Appearing about midway through the book, “Harlem” opens with one of the most well-known lines in American poetry: “What happens to a dream deferred?” That question is at the heart of this book of poems. What exactly is the “dream deferred” that gives title and theme to this volume of poetry? Hughes had always played with the theme of “the dream,” in particular the dream of political and social justice for African Americans. “But Hughes now faced the fact,” says The Oxford Index, “that the hopes that had drawn thousands of blacks to the northern cities had led many of them to disappointment, alienation, and bitterness. Some of these poems depict blacks still able to hope and dream, but the most powerful pieces raise the specter of poverty, violence, and death.” And finally what of the term “montage”? Usually used to name a cinematic technique, the word “montage” describes the quick cuts and splices between disparate but associated images. In this case, the montage is of Harlem just after World War II. Famous for its Renaissance in the 1920s, when African American migrants from the rural South poured into the Manhattan neighborhood and filled it with music, art, literature, rent parties, and life, Harlem by the late 1940s was in decline. The dream African Americans had sought in their own vibrant neighborhood was, indeed, drying up like a raisin in the sun. The montage Hughes gives us, says The Oxford Index, is one that pulls together “virtually every aspect of daily Harlem life, from the prosperous on Sugar Hill to the poorest folk living down below.” The book “touches on the lives of Harlem mothers, daughters, students, ministers, junkies, pimps, police, shop owners, homosexuals, landlords, and tenants; its aim is to render in verse a detailed portrait of the community, which Hughes knew extremely well.” In his 1940 autobiography, The Big Sea, Hughes said, “I tried to write poems like the songs they sang on Seventh Street. . . . Their songs—those of Seventh Street—had the pulse beat of the people who keep on going.” Eight years later when he wrote Montage of a Dream Deferred, he succeeded magnificently in capturing that pulse beat. To read Montage of a Dream Deferred, you’ll need to purchase The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes, edited by Arnold Rampersad. It is the only place the 1951 volume is available (and except for a few individual poems, you can’t read Montage of a Dream Deferred online). A great recording of many of Hughes’s poems, including several from Montage of a Dream Deferred, is an album by Ruby Dee and Ossie Davis. It’s available only on vinyl, but if you’ve got a turntable, you’re in for a treat. If you want to go deeper, consider taking the Langston Hughes walking tour the next time you are in Harlem. The Big Sea: An Autobiography will give you insights into Hughes’s life, as will Selected Letters of Langston Hughes. True aficionados will want to read Arnold Rampersad’s two-volume biography of Langston Hughes. Volume I of The Life of Langston Hughes is subtitled I, Too, Sing America and covers the years 1902-1941. Volume II is subtitled I Dream a World and covers the years 1941-1967 (the year of Hughes’s death). Visit thestoryweb.com/montage for links to all these resources. You can also listen to Langston Hughes read “Harlem,” arguably the most important poem to come out of Montage of a Dream Deferred. You can also watch actor Danny Glover recite the poem.

How do you describe a film editor whose career spans decades? Who has worked with the biggest names in the industry? Interviewing Carol Littleton for GoodTrash Media was a complete honor, and I am thankful for the staff at deadCenter honoring her for her service to the film industry to invite Littleton to I sat in on the panel that Littleton was interviewed on. She described how she broke into making movies after receiving her English B.A. (like most of GoodTrash Media). She also talked about her experiences with working on E.T. with Stephen Spielberg and John Williams, working Bryan Cranston, and many more big names of past and present. Her genuine self shone through, as it was clear that she retained her Oklahoma Spirit, despite working with some of the film greats of our time. Littleton also graciously granted me an interview after her panel. We discussed how it is being a woman in the male-dominated film industry, the best advice for people wanting to break into the film industry in crew, and how to be a better sound designer. Also, it just so happened that Nick Sanford and Andrew MacDonald from the local indie feature The Harvesters were hanging out as well. Sanford regularly stated on the inaugural episode of The People's History of Film how he is in love with E.T., as it is his favorite movie. Both Sanford and McDonald ask some excellent questions from the movie making perspective. Their questions gave keen insight into her editing processes and gave invaluable advice to up-and-coming film makers. If you have any questions about Littleton and her experiences, we can release the raw audio file of a portion of the the panel. If you still cannot get enough film editing stories, check out a book she's featured in entitled First Cut: Conversations with Film Editors edited/compiled by Gabrielle Oldham.