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Un ascensore spaziale, o "space elevator," è un concetto rivoluzionario nel campo della tecnologia spaziale, che promette di trasformare i viaggi spaziali rendendoli più economici e accessibili. L'idea di base prevede una struttura collegata alla superficie terrestre che si estende nello spazio, permettendo il trasporto di persone e materiali senza l'uso di razzi. La fattibilità di un ascensore spaziale dipende da materiali ultra-resistenti, come i nanotubi di carbonio, e da un'infrastruttura avanzata. Il progetto dell'ascensore spaziale è stato esplorato da paesi come il Giappone e vari studiosi. Sebbene la costruzione di un ascensore spaziale rimanga una sfida, il progresso nell'astrofisica e nella tecnologia potrebbe renderlo possibile, aprendo nuove frontiere per l'esplorazione spaziale. FONTI - https://www.isec.org/faq/#What%20is%20it - https://web.archive.org/web/20080512225341/http://www.niac.usra.edu/studies/521Edwards.html - "The Steep Climb to Low Earth Orbit: A History of the Space Elevator Community's Battle Against the Rocket Paradigm", Derek Pearson, 2022 - Isaacs, J. D.; Vine, A. C.; Bradner, H.; Bachus, G. E. (1966). "Satellite Elongation into a True 'Sky-Hook'". Science. 151 (3711): 682–683. doi:10.1126/science.151.3711.682. - Pearson, J. (1975). "The orbital tower: a spacecraft launcher using the Earth's rotational energy" (PDF). Acta Astronautica. 2 (9–10): 785–799. doi:10.1016/0094-5765(75)90021-1 - Ishikawa, Y. (2016). "Obayashi Corporation's Space Elevator Construction Concept". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 69: 227–239. - Swan PA, Raitt DI, Knapman JM, Tsuchida A, Fitzgerald MA, Ishikawa Y (30 May 2019). Road to the Space Elevator Era. International Academy of Astronautics. ISBN 978-0-9913370-3-3. __________________
Un rociador de nitrógeno líquido desarrollado por investigadores de la Universidad Estatal de Washington puede eliminar casi todo el polvo lunar simulado de un traje espacial, resolviendo potencialmente lo que es un desafío importante para los futuros astronautas que aterrizan en la luna. El rociador eliminó más del 98 % del simulador de polvo lunar en un entorno de vacío con daños mínimos a los trajes espaciales, y tuvo un mejor desempeño que cualquier técnica que se haya investigado anteriormente. Los investigadores informan sobre su trabajo en la revista Acta Astronautica.
Chad M. Baum discusses his expert elicitation work on space mirrors. (Reading list / glossary below paper link) Paper: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Volume 158, April 2022, 112179 Between the sun and us: Expert perceptions on the innovation, policy, and deep uncertainties of space-based solar geoengineering Authors: Chad M.Baum, Sean Low; Benjamin K.Sovacool. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112179. Acronyms CDR Carbon Dioxide Removal GEO Geosynchronous Orbit GENIE (project) GeoEngineering and Negative Emissions Pathways in Europe IPSS Inter Planetary Sun Shade ISS International Space Station LEO Low-Earth Orbit NETs Negative Emissions Technologies RSER (journal) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (since I messed it up initially) SAI Stratospheric Aerosol Injection SEL Sun-Earth Lagrange point SRM Solar Radiation Management Other peer-reviewed articles from the GENIE project: Low, S., Baum, C.M., & Sovacool, B.K. (2022). Rethinking Net-Zero systems, spaces, and societies: “Hard” versus “soft” alternatives for nature-based and engineered carbon removal. Global Environmental Change, 75, 102530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102530 Low, S., Baum, C. M., & Sovacool, B. K. (2022). Taking it outside: Exploring social opposition to 21 early-stage experiments in radical climate interventions. Energy Research & Social Science, 90, 102594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102594 Sovacool, B.K., Baum, C.M., & Low, S. (2022). Risk-risk governance in a low-carbon future: Exploring institutional, technological, and behavioral tradeoffs in climate geoengineering pathways. Risk Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13932 Solar sails: Matloff, G., Bangs, C., & Johnson, L. (2014). Harvesting Space for a Greener Earth. Springer: Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9426-3 Roy, K I. (2001). “Solar Sails: An Answer to Global Warming?” presented at STAIF 2001 Albuquerque, NM, February 11-14. Available at: http://www.ultimax.com/whitepapers/2001_3a.html. On some of the more interesting proposals, these are relevant: Kennedy, R. G., Roy, K. I., & Fields, D. E. (2013). Dyson Dots: Changing the solar constant to a variable with photovoltaic lightsails. Acta Astronautica, 82(2), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2012.10.022 Angel, R. (2006). Feasibility of cooling the Earth with a cloud of small spacecraft near the inner Lagrange point (L1), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103, 17184-9. IRS and Airbus (2020). International Planetary Sun Shield (IPSS) - Gigasails in Space. IPSS High-level Concept. The Institute of Space Systems (IRS) and Airbus Defence & Space: Bremen, Germany And concerning modelling studies, here are the two I specified: Lunt, D. J., Ridgwell, A., Valdes, P. J., & Seale, A. (2008). “Sunshade World”: A fully coupled GCM evaluation of the climatic impacts of geoengineering. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(12), L12710. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033674 Sánchez, J.-P., & McInnes, C.R. (2015). Optimal Sunshade Configurations for Space-Based Geoengineering near the Sun-Earth L1 Point, PLoS One, 10(8), e0136648. Various SciFi ones: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250264930/sweepofstars https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13651.The_Dispossessed (and what failed me in the moment, was The Hainish Cycle, as the name for the whole series) https://www.kimstanleyrobinson.info/content/mars-trilogy https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/414999.Childhood_s_End
In this episode, WEMCast host Dr Shawna Pandya dives deep into this very question with none other than AstroRN Starr Schroeder, a nurse passionate about pioneering, defining, and developing the role of nursing in the commercial space industry as well as advocating for the continued development of space medicine in current and future space exploration. Listen in as Shawna and Starr talk about the rise of space nursing, the commercial space sector, Starr's research on a myriad of topics including space nutrition and medical guidelines for commercial suborbital spaceflight. Starr Schroeder is a nurse with experience in critical care, emergency nursing, and nursing management. She has since become an active participant in the space medicine community incorporating her experience in medicine into her love for space by pioneering, defining, and developing the role of nursing in the commercial space industry as well as advocating for the continued development of space medicine in current and future space exploration. Starr is a member of the Association of Spaceflight Professionals where she was co-lead for research involving medical guidelines in commercial space flight participants, currently published in Acta Astronautica. Her additional publications include chapters on Spaceflight Nutritional Support, Future Trends in Spacesuits, and The Lunar Environment in the Handbook of Life Support Systems for Spacecraft and Extraterrestrial Habitats. She currently serves as a PoSSUM 13 chair, an organization dedicated to increasing opportunity and representation for women and students in STEM. Starr graduated from Indiana University with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing in 1999. She is currently a Masters candidate in the Human Factors in Aerospace program at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. Links: IIAS PoSSUM PoSSUM13
Electrodynamic tethers are a super cool tethers that can produce a force without fuel! How do they do this?! How long have they been around? Wait, what exactly are these again? Tune in to learn answers to these questions and more! Music from filmmusic.io "Tyrant" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) License: CC BY (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Henna's Sources: Carmen Pardini, Toshiya Hanada, Paula H. Krisko, Benefits and risks of using electrodynamic tethers to de-orbit spacecraft, Acta Astronautica, Volume 64, Issues 5–6, 2009, Pages 571-588, ISSN 0094-5765, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2008.10.007. “Electrodynamic Tether.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 16 July 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodynamic_tether. Hastings D.E., Roy R.I.S. (1993) A Brief Overview of Electrodynamic Tethers. In: DeWitt R.N., Duston D., Hyder A.K. (eds) The Behavior of Systems in the Space Environment. NATO ASI Series How Does the Earth's Core Generate a Magnetic Field?, www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-does-earths-core-generate-a-magnetic-field. Johnson, L., and M. Herrmann. “International Space Station Electrodynamic Tether Reboost Study.” NASA, NASA, July 1998, ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19980223479/downloads/19980223479.pdf. michiganengineering. “Building CubeSats to Test Electrodynamic Tethering in Space with MiTEE.” YouTube, YouTube, 13 Feb. 2020, www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4YVENNlSI8. NASAconnect. “How NASA Uses Tethers.” YouTube, YouTube, 24 Aug. 2007, www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jrl9m1yIHRw&ab_channel=NASAconnect. “Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 15 July 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Solid_Rocket_Booster. Anna's Sources: Chen, Yi, et al. “History of the Tether Concept and Tether Missions: A Review.” Hindawi, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 16 Jan. 2013, downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2013/502973.pdf. Isaacs, John D., et al. “Satellite Elongation into a True ‘Sky-Hook.'” Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 11 Feb. 1966, science.sciencemag.org/content/151/3711/682. Loff, Sarah. “CubeSats Overview.” NASA, NASA, 22 July 2015, www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cubesats/overview/#:~:text=CubeSats%20are%20built%20to%20standard,Deployer%2C%20or%20P%2DPOD. “Mario Grossi.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 3 June 1999, www.theguardian.com/news/1999/jun/03/guardianobituaries. “Professor Giuseppe Colombo, Italy's Leading Space Scientist and Consultant...” UPI, UPI, 21 Feb. 1984, www.upi.com/Archives/1984/02/21/Professor-Giuseppe-Colombo-Italys-leading-space-scientist-and-consultant/6477446187600/. Sabbineni, Tara. “About Our Team.” About MiTEE, clasp-research.engin.umich.edu/groups/s3fl/mitee/about/. “Space Tether Missions.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 16 July 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_tether_missions#Proposed_and_future_missions. “Space Tether Missions.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 16 July 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_tether_missions#TSS-1_mission. TSS-1, NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive, nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=TSS-1.
In dieser Folge reden Sam & Caro über den Star Trek Warp-Antrieb und über Krabben, die gar keine echten Krabben sind. Disclaimer: Manchmal vertauschen wir in dieser Folge das Wort Krabben mit Krebsen, hier ein Artikel, der den Unterschied nochmal genau erklärt: https://myanimals.com/de/tiere/wildtiere-tiere/unterschiede-zwischen-krabben-und-krebsen/ Das Problem war, dass wir für die Recherche solcher Themen englische Quellen benutzen, und es da noch mehr Verwirrung über das Wort "crab" gibt. (Wir hoffen wir haben uns hiermit nicht endgültig ins aus geschossen) (Caro hier: Das Intro hat 2 Stunden meiner Lebenszeit gekostet ich hoffe es war den Witz wert! :D) N/A (2017) Is Warp Drive Real? NASA Website Link: https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/warp/warp.html Clowing K. (2013) Clarifying NASA's Warp Drive Program SpaceRef Link:http://spaceref.com/nasa-hack-space/propulsion/clarifying-nasas-warp-drive-program.html Fil'chenkov, M., & Laptev, Y. (2017). Galaxy travel via alcubierre's warp drive. Acta Astronautica, 139, 254–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.07.011 Santos-Pereira, O.L., Abreu, E.M.C. & Ribeiro, M.B. Dust content solutions for the Alcubierre warp drive spacetime. Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 786 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8355-2 Jusufi, K., Sakallı, İ. & Övgün, A. Quantum tunneling and quasinormal modes in the spacetime of the Alcubierre warp drive. Gen Relativ Gravit 50, 10 (2018). https://doi-org.ezproxy.ub.unimaas.nl/10.1007/s10714-017-2330-8 https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zehnfu%C3%9Fkrebse https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mittelkrebse https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/evolution-turns-different-species-into-crabs Why Do Things Keep Evolving Into Crabs? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvfR3XLXPvw https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/04/new-crab-species-india-weird-wild-animals/#/tree-crab-discovery-3.jpg
Happy New Year, Space Cadets! We are so excited to be back! Have you ever wondered what the Vomit Comet was? How do those anti-gravity simulator airplanes work anyway? Come hang out with us, your friendly neighborhood Aerospace Engineers, and learn all about Reduced Gravity Aircraft! Music from https://filmmusic.io "Tyrant" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Anna's Sources: “Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Dec. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker. Dunbar, Brian. “It's a Bird. It's a Plane. It's a Student?” NASA, NASA, www.nasa.gov/centers/langley/news/researchernews/rn_ZeroGravity.html. “Falcon 1.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Jan. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falcon_1. HABER, F, and H HABER. “Possible methods of producing the gravity-free state for medical research.” The Journal of aviation medicine vol. 21,5 (1950): 395-400. Possible Methods of Producing the Gravity-Free State for Medical Research, PDF Copy: https://motamem.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/space-medicine-classics-parabolic-flight.pdf “Heinz Haber.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Jan. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinz_Haber. “Home - ZERO-G.” ZERO, 17 Dec. 2020, www.gozerog.com/home/. pwood@news-gazette.com, Paul Wood. “New Chancellor Took Her Own Path.” Gazette, 25 June 2019, www.news-gazette.com/news/new-chancellor-took-her-own-path/article_83ee0f63-96a4-5ae5-85b1-61595156d4c0.html. “Reduced-Gravity Aircraft.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Dec. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced-gravity_aircraft#cite_note-3. “Shih-Chun Wang.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Dec. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shih-Chun_Wang#cite_note-news-gazette.com-7. Henna's Sources: Karmali, Faisal, and Mark Shelhamer. “The Dynamics of Parabolic Flight: Flight Characteristics and Passenger Percepts.” Acta Astronautica, Pergamon, 27 June 2008, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576508001574. “Reduced-Gravity Aircraft.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Dec. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced-gravity_aircraft#cite_note-3. Charlene Brooks, et al. “Free Falling: the Science of Weightlessness.” Science in the News, 18 Oct. 2018, sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/free-falling-the-science-of-weightlessness/.
Thank you for listening to our podcast episode with University of Michigan alumni and Arizona State University graduate student Alexandra Wormley! Please make sure to like the Youtube video, subscribe, and share it with your friends! We hope that this episode can give you some insight as to what effects the discovery of alien life can have on humanity. and for Everything Astronomy... Check us out on all of our podcast platforms! https://linktr.ee/everythingastronomy Check us out on social media! Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/evastropodcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/EvAstroPodcast?s=20 References: Brcic, J., Suedfeld, P., Johnson, P., Huynh, T., & Gushin, V. (2018). Humor as a coping strategy in spaceflight. Acta Astronautica. Kanas, N., Sandal, G. M., Boyd, J. E., Gushin, V. I., Manzey, D., North, R., Leon, G. R., Suedfeld, P., Bishop, S. L., Fiedler, E. R., Inoue, N., Johannes, B., Kealey, D. J., Kraft, N. O., Matsuzaki, I., Musson, D., Palinkas, L. A., Salnitskiy, V. P., Sipes, W., … Wang, J. (2013). Psychology and Culture During Long-Duration Space Missions. In D. A. Vakoch (Ed.), On Orbit and Beyond: Psychological Perspectives on Human Spaceflight (pp. 153–184). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kwon, J. Y., Bercovici, H. L., Cunningham, K., & Varnum, M. E. W. (2018). How will we react to the discovery of extraterrestrial life? Frontiers in Psychology, 8. Landon, L. B., Slack, K. J., & Barrett, J. D. (2018). Teamwork and collaboration in long-duration space missions: Going to extremes. American Psychologist, 73(4), 563–575.
Did you know solar sails are different than solar panels? They're these large sheets, thinner than your hair, that can propel spacecraft! How do they work? What missions have used them? Tune in to learn about the amazing engineering behind solar sails! Music from filmmusic.io "Tyrant" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) License: CC BY (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Henna's Sources: “A Brief History of Solar Sails.” NASA, NASA, science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2008/31jul_solarsails. Etherington, Darrell. “Crowdfunded LightSail 2 Spacecraft Succeeds in Flying on Sunlight Alone.” TechCrunch, TechCrunch, 31 July 2019, techcrunch.com/2019/07/31/crowdfunded-lightsail-2-spacecraft-succeeds-in-flying-on-sunlight-alone/. Etherington, Darrell. “Crowdfunded LightSail 2 Spacecraft Succeeds in Flying on Sunlight Alone.” TechCrunch, TechCrunch, 31 July 2019, techcrunch.com/2019/07/31/crowdfunded-lightsail-2-spacecraft-succeeds-in-flying-on-sunlight-alone/. “In Depth.” NASA, NASA, 24 July 2019, solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/mariner-10/in-depth/. Johnson, Les, et al. “Status of Solar Sail Technology Within NASA.” NASA Technical Reports Server, 20 July 2010, ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20100039163. Johnson, Les, et al. “NanoSail-D: A Solar Sail Demonstration Mission.” Acta Astronautica, vol. 68, no. 5-6, 2011, pp. 571–575., doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.02.008. “LightSail.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Sept. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LightSail. “Mars Orbiter Mission.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 Oct. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Orbiter_Mission. “Project Echo.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 25 July 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo. Tsuda, Y., et al. “Flight Status of IKAROS Deep Space Solar Sail Demonstrator.” Acta Astronautica, vol. 69, no. 9-10, 2011, pp. 833–840., doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.06.005. “What Is Solar Sailing?” The Planetary Society, www.planetary.org/articles/what-is-solar-sailing. Anna's Sources: Breakthrough Initiatives, breakthroughinitiatives.org/about. “Breakthrough Starshot.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Nov. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_Starshot. “Dooku's Solar Sailer.” Wookieepedia, starwars.fandom.com/wiki/Dooku's_solar_sailer. Johnson, L., McKenzie, D., & Newmark, J. (2020). The Solar Cruiser Mission Concept — Enabling New Vistas for Heliophysics. Bulletin of the AAS, 52(3). Retrieved from https://baas.aas.org/pub/aas236-106p08-johnson Libretexts. “29.4: Photon Momentum.” Physics LibreTexts, Libretexts, 10 Sept. 2020, phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/Book:_College_Physics_(OpenStax)/29:_Introduction_to_Quantum_Physics/29.04:_Photon_Momentum. Mann, Adam. “What Is a Solar Sail?” Space.com, Space, 3 July 2019, www.space.com/solar-sail.html. Marshall Space Flight Center. “Solar Sail Propulsion.” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 25 Apr. 2005, www.nasa.gov/pdf/134645main_solar_sail_fs.pdf. McAlpine, Jennifer. “How Big Is a Micron?” Benchmark_R_1CWhite, www.bench.com/setting-the-benchmark/how-big-is-a-micron. “NASA Heliophysics.” NASA, NASA, science.nasa.gov/heliophysics. Patel, Prachi. “Solar Sail Spacecraft Could Explore Beyond Solar System.” Space.com, Space, 2 Sept. 2010, www.space.com/9051-solar-sail-spacecraft-explore-solar-system.html. “Photoelectric Effect.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Nov. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect. “Photon.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Nov. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon. The Planetary Society. “How Do Solar Sails Work? Bill Nye Explains.” Youtube, 2 Aug. 2019, www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORQNgKnKVvM. “Quantum.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Oct. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum. “Sailing Basics: 10 Nautical & Sailing Terms To Know.” Discover Boating, www.discoverboating.com/resources/sailing-basics-10-nautical-sailing-terms-to-know. “What Is Solar Sailing?” The Planetary Society, www.planetary.org/articles/what-is-solar-sailing.
Part 2 of our two-part Spacesuits episode dives into the spacesuits of today and the incredible work that's going into them - making them look like everything we see in sci fi movies! Tune in to learn all about them! Music from filmmusic.io "Tyrant" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) License: CC BY (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Sources “Advanced Crew Escape Suit.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 9 June 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Crew_Escape_Suit. “Artemis.” NASA, NASA, www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/. “Boeing Starliner.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 9 July 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_Starliner. “Dava Newman: Spacesuit of the Future.” Youtube, Lex Fridman, www.youtube.com/watch?v=kEaX2DAjol8. Dean, Signe. “Here's The Real Reason Why NASA Had to 'Cancel' That All-Female Spacewalk.” ScienceAlert, www.sciencealert.com/nasa-didn-t-promise-us-an-all-female-spacewalk-and-the-suits-are-not-sexist. Kothakonda, Akshay, et al. “System Design for Tensioning Limb Sections in a Mechanical Counter Pressure Spacesuit.” TTU DSpace Home, 49th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 7 July 2019, ttu-ir.tdl.org/handle/2346/84562. Lindsey Bever, Kayla Epstein. “Why NASA's Historic All-Female Spacewalk Isn't Happening.” The Washington Post, WP Company, 26 Mar. 2019, www.washingtonpost.com/science/2019/03/26/nasas-first-all-female-spacewalk-isnt-happening-blame-wardrobe-malfunction/. Loflin, Benjamin, et al. “Identification of Shoulder Joint Clearance in Space Suit Using Electromagnetic Resonant Spiral Proximity Sensor for Injury Prevention.” Acta Astronautica, Pergamon, 10 Jan. 2020, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576520300138. Mahoney, Erin. “A Next Generation Spacesuit for the Artemis Generation of Astronauts.” NASA, NASA, 4 Oct. 2019, www.nasa.gov/feature/a-next-generation-spacesuit-for-the-artemis-generation-of-astronauts. Monchaux, Nicholas De. Spacesuit: Fashioning Apollo. MIT Press, 2011. “NASA's Management and Development of Spacesuits.” NASA.gov, 26 Apr. 2017, oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-17-018.pdf. “New SmartSuit Promises A Better Fit For Astronauts.” Texas A&M Today, 22 Apr. 2019, today.tamu.edu/2019/04/17/new-smartsuit-promises-a-better-fit-for-astronauts/. “Orlan Space Suit.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 June 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlan_space_suit. “Research Projects.” Research Projects | Allison Anderson, Ph.D. | University of Colorado Boulder, www.colorado.edu/faculty/anderson/research-projects. Siceloff, Steven. “New Spacesuit Unveiled for Starliner Astronauts.” NASA, NASA, 25 Jan. 2017, www.nasa.gov/feature/new-spacesuit-unveiled-for-starliner-astronauts. “Space Shuttle Abort Modes.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 July 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_abort_modes#Ejection_escape_systems. Zraick, Karen. “NASA Astronauts Complete the First All-Female Spacewalk.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 18 Oct. 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/10/18/science/space/nasa-female-spacewalk.html.
Learn about how screeching tape travels at supersonic speeds when you peel it; how Americans are aging more slowly than ever; how the HAMMER spacecraft could save our planet from killer asteroids; and why there are mirrors next to elevators. How screeching tape travels at supersonic speeds by Cameron Duke Yuen Yiu. (2019, February 27). The Supersonic Physics Behind Screechy Peeling Tape. Discover Magazine; Discover Magazine. https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/the-supersonic-physics-behind-screechy-peeling-tape Garisto, D. (2019). Focus: Microscopic Theory for Peeling Tape. Physics, 12. https://physics.aps.org/articles/v12/16 De Zotti, V., Rapina, K., Cortet, P.-P., Vanel, L., & Santucci, S. (2019). Bending to Kinetic Energy Transfer in Adhesive Peel Front Microinstability. Physical Review Letters, 122(6). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.122.068005 The first ever episode of Curiosity Daily: https://curiositydaily.com/0423-daily/ Americans Are Aging More Slowly Than Ever by Reuben Westmaas Levine, M. E., & Crimmins, E. M. (2018). Is 60 the New 50? Examining Changes in Biological Age Over the Past Two Decades. Demography, 55(2), 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0644-5 Basaraba, S. (2012, November 28). How Lifestyle and Habits Affect Biological Aging. Verywell Health; Verywell Health. https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-biological-age-2223375 Find Out Your Real Age - Sharecare. (2019). Sharecare. https://www.sharecare.com/static/realage Michael Roizen, MD | Cleveland Clinic. (2018). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/staff/6161-michael-roizen Survey Content Brochure. (1999). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/survey_content_99_16.pdf Older Americans are experiencing ‘delayed aging’ — and better health. (2018, March 15). USC News. https://news.usc.edu/138495/older-americans-experiencing-delayed-aging-better-health/ The HAMMER Spacecraft Could Save the World from Killer Asteroids by Elizabeth Howell OSIRIS-REx. (2016). NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/osiris-rex Barbee, B. W., Syal, M. B., Dearborn, D., Gisler, G., Greenaugh, K., Howley, K. M., Leung, R., Lyzhoft, J., Miller, P. L., Nuth, J. A., Plesko, C., Seery, B. D., Wasem, J., Weaver, R. P., & Zebenay, M. (2018). Options and uncertainties in planetary defense: Mission planning and vehicle design for flexible response. Acta Astronautica, 143, 37–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.10.021 Scientists design conceptual asteroid deflector and evaluate it against massive potential threat | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. (2018). Llnl.gov. https://www.llnl.gov/news/scientists-design-conceptual-asteroid-deflector-and-evaluate-it-against-massive-potential Planetary Defense Coordination Office. (2011). NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/overview Planetary Defense Frequently Asked Questions. (2011). NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/faq JPL Small-Body Database Browser. (2020). Nasa.gov. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi There Are Mirrors Next to Elevators for a Specific Reason by Joanie Faletto Opinion | Why Waiting Is Torture. (2012, August 18). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/opinion/sunday/why-waiting-in-line-is-torture.html Wald, C. (2015, March 5). Why Your Brain Hates Slowpokes. Nautilus. http://nautil.us/issue/22/slow/why-your-brain-hates-slowpokes Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://www.amazon.com/Curiosity-com-Curiosity-Daily-from/dp/B07CP17DJY
Can we hibernate our way to Mars? How real is the concept of hypersleep pods in Interstellar? Well tune in to find out everything you could possibly want to know about space hibernation! Music from filmmusic.io "Tyrant" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) License: CC BY (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Sources: “Alien: Covenant.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien:_Covenant. Bradford, J, et al. “Torpor Inducing Transfer Habitat for Human Stasis to Mars.” NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts, 2014. “Carbonite.” Wookieepedia, starwars.fandom.com/wiki/Carbonite. Cerri, Matteo, et al. “Hibernation for Space Travel: Impact on Radioprotection.” Life Sciences in Space Research, vol. 11, 2016, pp. 1–9., doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2016.09.001. “Classical Greece.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 7 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Greece. Conte, Davide, et al. “Advanced Concept for a Crewed Mission to the Martian Moons.” Acta Astronautica, Pergamon, 3 Aug. 2017, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094576516310694. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Ebers Papyrus.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 7 Aug. 2019, www.britannica.com/topic/Ebers-papyrus. “ESA Studies Human Hibernation for Space Travel.” EarthSky, earthsky.org/human-world/esa-study-human-hibernation-trip-to-mars. Faherty, Sheena Lee, director. How Does Hibernation Work? How Does Hibernation Work?, 2018, www.youtube.com/watch?v=xptpXSTtgSY. Hamblin, James. “You Could Probably Hibernate.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 26 Feb. 2020, www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/01/human-hibernation-real-possibility/605071/. Hess, Peter. “How Would the Human Body Respond to Carbonite Freezing?” Inverse, Inverse, 14 July 2017, www.inverse.com/article/33472-carbonite-cryogenic-preservation-han-solo. “Hypersleep Chamber.” Alien Anthology Wiki, alienanthology.fandom.com/wiki/Hypersleep_Chamber. “Hypersleep Pod.” Interstellar Wiki, interstellarfilm.fandom.com/wiki/Hypersleep_Pod. King, Helen. “Hippocrates Didn't Write the Oath, so Why Is He the Father of Medicine?” The Conversation, 2 Apr. 2020, theconversation.com/hippocrates-didnt-write-the-oath-so-why-is-he-the-father-of-medicine-32334. Kyriazis, Stefan. “Avengers Captain America 100th Birthday: Marvel Explains HOW He Survived 70 Years in Ice.” Express.co.uk, Express.co.uk, 4 July 2018, www.express.co.uk/entertainment/films/983967/Avengers-Captain-America-100th-birthday-Marvel-how-steve-rogers-survived-in-ice. Marion, Donald W. “Experience with Prolonged Induced Hypothermia in Severe Head Injury.” Critical Care, BioMed Central, 1999, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC137243/. “Myocardial Ischemia.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 6 Apr. 2019, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/myocardial-ischemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20375417. “Passengers (2016 Film).” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 Mar. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passengers_(2016_film). Polderman, Kee H. “Induced Hypothermia to Treat Post-Ischemic and Post-Traumatic Injury.” Induced Hypothermia to Treat Post-Ischemic and Post-Traumatic Injury, 2004, api.zoll.com/-/media/uploadedfiles/public_site/core_technologies/temperature_management/induced-hypothermia----pdf.ashx. Staff, CBSNews.com staff CBSNews.com. “Frozen Woman: A 'Walking Miracle'.” CBS News, CBS Interactive, 4 Feb. 2000, www.cbsnews.com/news/frozen-woman-a-walking-miracle/. “Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest.” Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest | Johns Hopkins Medicine, www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/therapeutic-hypothermia-after-cardiac-arrest.
L’intelligenza artificiale può aiutarci a scoprire civiltà aliene? Se l’occhio inganna, anche l’A.I. può essere fuorviante? E’ la domanda di Gabriel G. De la Torre, un neuropsicologo dell’Università di Cadice che, prendendo spunto da un intrigante esperimento visivo su Cerere, mette in discussione l'utilizzo dell'intelligenza artificiale per la ricerca di vita extraterrestre. I risultati dello studio, pubblicato sulla rivista Acta Astronautica, mirano a confrontare il modo in cui gli esseri umani e le macchine riconoscono le immagini planetarie.Sul pianeta nano Cerere una rete neurale artificiale ha identificato una struttura quadrata all'interno di un triangolo nel cratere Occator. La forma geometrica è visibile nella regione di Vinalia Faculae ed è stata catturata dalla sonda Dawn della Nasa il 6 luglio 2018 ad un'altitudine di circa 58 chilometri. Sulla percezione visiva del quadrato De la Torre ha condotto un esperimento per raffrontare l'intelligenza umana con l'intelligenza artificiale. Gli sviluppi sperimentali potrebbero avere implicazioni sulla ricerca della vita extraterrestre del programma Seti.Nel cratere Occator si vede un quadrato o anche un triangolo? Questa la domanda posta a 163 volontari digiuni di astronomia. Parallelamente, sulle immagini si è esercitato un sistema di visione artificiale basato su reti neurali convoluzionali, addestrato con migliaia di immagini di quadrati e triangoli. "Sia le persone sia l'intelligenza artificiale hanno rilevato una struttura quadrata nelle immagini, ma l'I.A. ha anche identificato un triangolo. Il quadrato sembra inciso nel triangolo", osserva De la Torre, "quando l'opzione triangolare è stata mostrata agli esseri umani, la percentuale di persone che affermano di averla vista è aumentata significativamente”.Lo studio ha messo in evidenza come l’Intelligenza artificiale potrebbe confondere gli esseri umani, rilevando elementi non veritieri, compromettendo la sua utilità per il programma Seti. L’A.I., poi, risente anche dei preconcetti dei propri supervisori e degli sviluppatori. "D'altra parte, se l'intelligenza artificiale identifica qualcosa che la nostra mente non può capire o accettare, potrebbe in futuro portarci oltre il nostro livello di conoscenza” spiega De la Torre, che conclude riconoscendo che "non sappiamo cosa sia, ma ciò che l'intelligenza artificiale ha rilevato in Vinalia Faculae è molto probabilmente solo un gioco di luci e ombre".
In a report published in the journal Acta Astronautica, researchers from the University of Cadiz in Spain say that aliens could be all around us, but may exist in ways we cannot even fathom. We simply don't know how to detect them.
ScienceVinyl Episode 3: IV by Led Zepplin, LETS ROCK! This week we discover the meaning of pogonology, learn about cute little foxes and how to build a sky hook. University Academics, Steve & Nick present Science Vinyl, using track listing of famous albums to focus sciencey discussion, hope you enjoy. Please share, RT, and subscribe. Please follow us on Twitter @TheScienceShed or @ScienceVinyl @SteveTheChemist and @TheEvansLab Show Notes 1. Black Dog. Genomic responses to selection for tame/aggressive behaviors in the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) Xu Wang, Lenore Pipes, Lyudmila N. Trut, Yury Herbeck, Anastasiya V. Vladimirova, Rimma G. Gulevich, Anastasiya V. Kharlamova, Jennifer L. Johnson, Gregory M. Acland, Anna V. Kukekova, and Andrew G. Clark. 2. Rock and Roll. 3. The Battle of Evermore. "These people in set theory strike us, even in math, as sort of strange," Strogatz 4. Stairway to Heaven. he concept was first described in 1895 by Russian author K. E. Tsiolkovsky in his 'Speculations about Earth and Sky and on Vesta. Isaacs, J. D.; A. C. Vine, H. Bradner and G. E. Bachus; Bradner; Bachus (1966). "Satellite Elongation into a True 'Sky-Hook'". Science. 151 (3711): 682. Bibcode:1966Sci...151..682I. doi:10.1126/science.151.3711.682. PMID 17813792. Pearson, J. (1975). "The orbital tower: a spacecraft launcher using the Earth's rotational energy" (PDF). Acta Astronautica. 2 (9–10): 785–799. Bibcode:1975AcAau...2..785P. doi:10.1016/0094-5765(75)90021-1. 5. Misty Mountain Hop. https://le.ac.uk/news/2015/june/the-science-of-tolkiens-middle-earth 6. Four Sticks. 7. Going to California. 8. When the Levee Breaks. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swhEa8vuP6U
On The Gist, guest host Jeffrey Lewis fills in for Mike and talks about trying to solve big problems. Regulating space is tough because it surrounds the whole world, and people can’t even agree where the Earth’s atmosphere stops and space begins. Jonathan McDowell, astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, thinks he has the definitive answer to where that line is. McDowell recently published “The Edge of Space: Revisiting the Karman Line” in Acta Astronautica. In the Spiel, North Korea and nuclear weapons. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
On The Gist, guest host Jeffrey Lewis fills in for Mike and talks about trying to solve big problems. Regulating space is tough because it surrounds the whole world, and people can’t even agree where the Earth’s atmosphere stops and space begins. Jonathan McDowell, astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, thinks he has the definitive answer to where that line is. McDowell recently published “The Edge of Space: Revisiting the Karman Line” in Acta Astronautica. In the Spiel, North Korea and nuclear weapons. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Learn about how Americans are aging more slowly than ever; how the HAMMER spacecraft could save our planet from killer asteroids; and why there are mirrors next to elevators. Americans Are Aging More Slowly Than Ever by Reuben Westmaas Levine, M. E., & Crimmins, E. M. (2018). Is 60 the New 50? Examining Changes in Biological Age Over the Past Two Decades. Demography, 55(2), 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0644-5 Basaraba, S. (2012, November 28). How Lifestyle and Habits Affect Biological Aging. Verywell Health; Verywell Health. https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-biological-age-2223375 Find Out Your Real Age - Sharecare. (2019). Sharecare. https://www.sharecare.com/static/realage Michael Roizen, MD | Cleveland Clinic. (2018). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/staff/6161-michael-roizen Survey Content Brochure. (1999). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/survey_content_99_16.pdf Older Americans are experiencing ‘delayed aging' — and better health. (2018, March 15). USC News. https://news.usc.edu/138495/older-americans-experiencing-delayed-aging-better-health/ The HAMMER Spacecraft Could Save the World from Killer Asteroids by Elizabeth Howell OSIRIS-REx. (2016). NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/osiris-rex Barbee, B. W., Syal, M. B., Dearborn, D., Gisler, G., Greenaugh, K., Howley, K. M., Leung, R., Lyzhoft, J., Miller, P. L., Nuth, J. A., Plesko, C., Seery, B. D., Wasem, J., Weaver, R. P., & Zebenay, M. (2018). Options and uncertainties in planetary defense: Mission planning and vehicle design for flexible response. Acta Astronautica, 143, 37–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.10.021 Scientists design conceptual asteroid deflector and evaluate it against massive potential threat | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. (2018). Llnl.gov. https://www.llnl.gov/news/scientists-design-conceptual-asteroid-deflector-and-evaluate-it-against-massive-potential Planetary Defense Coordination Office. (2011). NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/overview Planetary Defense Frequently Asked Questions. (2011). NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/faq JPL Small-Body Database Browser. (2020). Nasa.gov. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi There Are Mirrors Next to Elevators for a Specific Reason by Joanie Faletto Opinion | Why Waiting Is Torture. (2012, August 18). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/opinion/sunday/why-waiting-in-line-is-torture.html Wald, C. (2015, March 5). Why Your Brain Hates Slowpokes. Nautilus. http://nautil.us/issue/22/slow/why-your-brain-hates-slowpokes Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to learn something new every day withCody Gough andAshley Hamer. Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Hoy en el Viajero de la Ciencia... hablamos de nuestra supervivencia como especie gracias a las cejas, recordamos a Yuri Gagarin, hablamos de los planes de Japón para establecer una colonia en la Luna, de por qué los tomates serán mejores después de nuestra llegada a Marte, y de científicos jóvenes que gracias a una beca podrán iniciar sus investigaciones. TITULAR 1: Japón trabaja en colonias espaciales para poblar la luna en 2030 El país creó el pasado año un centro de investigación que está diseñando enclaves autosuficientes para que los humanos se instalen en esa fecha. La líder del proyecto, la astronauta Chiaki Mukai, cree que para entonces se habrá desarrollado la tecnología óptima para garantizar la supervivencia en el espacio. La industria aeroespacial nipona se enfrenta al reto de: diseñar un espacio habitable, abastecerse de energía y almacenarla; lograr una tecnología para reciclar aire y agua; y el cultivo alimentos. TITULAR 2: Las cejas fueron determinantes para la supervivencia de nuestra especie. Cejas expresivas, capaces de comunicar una gran cantidad de sentimientos y de señales fueron determinantes para dominar el mundo. Sus características nos ayudaron a entender mejor las intenciones de los otros, establecer mayores vínculos sociales entre individuos y, por tanto, a cooperar mejor. Son las conclusiones de un equipo de investigadores de la Universidad de York que ha utilizado tecnología 3D para comprobar porqué evolucionamos hacia una frente vertical que destacara las cejas. TITULAR 3: La NASA lanzará el satélite Tess para relevar a Kepler en la búsqueda de exoplanetas. Previsiblemente, lo hará el próximo lunes 16 de abril. Su misión es catalogar a más de 2.000 candidatos, entre los que giran alrededor de estrellas brillantes y las bloquean su luz. La agencia espera encontrar unos 300 planetas de tamaño parecido a la Tierra y super-Tierras. El satélite cartografiará el cielo en una órbita entre la Luna y nuestro planeta lo que permitirá a los científicos recibir información periódicamente. TITULAR 4: El cambio climático, principal sospechoso de trastocar la circulación del Atlántico En el océano Atlántico se produce una redistribución de calor del sur al norte que se conoce como circulación meridiana del Atlántico. Una investigación demuestra nuevas evidencias de una disminución del 15% de este fenómeno con respecto a los registros del siglo XX. El cambio climático antropogénico es el principal sospechoso de este debilitamiento que puede tener efectos importantes, especialmente en el clima europeo. TITULAR 5: Un efecto gorila cósmico podría cegar la detección de extraterrestres Uno de los problemas que intriga desde hace tiempo a los expertos en cosmología es cómo detectar posibles señales extraterrestres. ¿Realmente estamos mirando en la dirección adecuada? Quizá no, según el estudio que los neuropsicólogos Gabriel de la Torre y Manuel García, de la Universidad de Cádiz, publican en la revista Acta Astronautica. Los autores plantean que nuestra propia neurofisiología, psicología y conciencia pueden desempeñar un papel importante en la búsqueda de civilizaciones no terrestres, un aspecto que consideran se ha descuidado hasta ahora.
In this episode I talk to Dr James Schwartz. James teaches philosophy at Wichita State University. His primary area of research is philosophy and ethics of space exploration, where he defends a position according to which space exploration derives its value primarily from the importance of the scientific study of the Solar System. He is editor (with Tony Milligan) of The Ethics of Space Exploration (Springer 2016) and his publications have appeared in Advances in Space Research, Space Policy, Acta Astronautica, Astropolitics, Environmental Ethics, Ethics & the Environment, and Philosophia Mathematica. He has also contributed chapters to The Meaning of Liberty Beyond Earth, Human Governance Beyond Earth, Dissent, Revolution and Liberty Beyond Earth (each edited by Charles Cockell), and to Yearbook on Space Policy 2015. He is currently working on a book project, The Value of Space Science. We talk about all things space-related, including the scientific case for space exploration and the myths that befuddle space advocacy. You can download the episode here or listen below. You can also subscribe on Stitcher and iTunes (the RSS feed is here).Show Notes0:00 - Introduction1:40 - Why did James get interested in the philosophy of space?3:17 - Is interest in the philosophy and ethics of space exploration on the rise?6:05 - Do space ethicists always say "no"?8:20 - Do we have a duty to explore space? If so, what kind of duty is this?10:30 - Space exploration and the duty to ensure species survival16:16 - The link between space ethics and environmental ethics: between misanthrophy and anthropocentrism19:33 - How would space exploration help human survival?23:20 - The scientific value of space exploration: manned or unmanned?28:30 - Why does the scientific case for space exploration take priority?35:40 - Is it our destiny to explore space?38:46 - Thoughts on Elon Musk and the Colonisation Project44:34 - The Myths of Space Advocacy51:40 - From space philosophy to space policy: getting rid of the myths58:55 - The future of space philosophy Relevant LinksDr Schwartz's website - The Space Philosopher (with links to papers and works in progress)'Space Settlement: What's the rush?' - by James SchwartzMyth-Free Space Advocacy Part I, Part II, Part III, Part IV -by James SchwartzVideo of James's lecture on Worldship Ethics'Prioritizing Scientific Exploration: A Comparison of Ethical Justifications for Space Development and Space Science' - by James SchwartzEpisode 37 with Christopher Yorke (middle section deals with the prospects for a utopia in space). #mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */ Subscribe to the newsletter