Podcasts about Breakthrough Starshot

When we find a planet which appears to have the chemical signs of living organisms in its atmosphere, the desire to take a close up look at it will be hard to contain. In a Scientific American article, Lee Billings describes Yuri Milner's 100 million dollar project "Breakthrough Starshot" which has been created to leap frog our current rocket technology's extremely long travel times to nearby planets. The plan is to put ultra light space probes on paths which will enable them to collect data as they streak by nearby potentially habitable planets. Our current iPhone technology is being used to envision a tiny robotic space probe which features cameras, life detecting sensors, maneuvering rockets, computers, and communications gear and yet has a mass of about that of a dime. Photons from 100 gigawatt pulses from a ground based laser array are then envisioned to reflect off the tiny spacecrafts solar sail where they transfer momentum to the space craft accelerating it to 20% of the speed of light. Numbers of these tiny robotic investigators could be launched together into Earth orbit and perhaps one a day could be sent towards a nearby star accelerated by laser pulses each of which contains the energy required to send a space shuttle into orbit. In a few decades closeup views and data from nearby worlds would begin streaming back towards the residents of our planet. The cost of investigating our planetary life hosting neighbors is likely to be less than what the US is planning to spend upgrading its nuclear weapons.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXtYUawd4AY From Feb 14, 2020. Hosted by Fraser Cain. It's hard to really wrap your mind around the vast distances between stars. The fastest spacecraft ever launched into an interstellar trajectory right now is Voyager 1. If it was directed at the nearest star, it would take tens of thousands of years to make the journey across the interstellar gulf.   Even so, groups like Breakthrough Starshot and Icarus Interstellar are working on plans right now to try and send spacecraft to other stars, ideally within our lifetimes.   But we can see how quickly technology is advancing all around us, from materials science to high energy physics, not to mention reusable rockets.   It seems reasonable to ask, should we invest in an interstellar mission now, or wait a few decades or even centuries for better technology to come along which could make the trip much shorter?   Watch Chris Hadfield's video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6woV3encOA   Andrew Kennedy's paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260275150_Interstellar_Travel_-_The_Wait_Calculation_and_the_Incentive_Trap_of_Progress   We've added a new way to donate to 365 Days of Astronomy to support editing, hosting, and production costs.  Just visit: https://www.patreon.com/365DaysOfAstronomy and donate as much as you can! Share the podcast with your friends and send the Patreon link to them too!  Every bit helps! Thank you! ------------------------------------ Do go visit http://www.redbubble.com/people/CosmoQuestX/shop for cool Astronomy Cast and CosmoQuest t-shirts, coffee mugs and other awesomeness! http://cosmoquest.org/Donate This show is made possible through your donations.  Thank you! (Haven't donated? It's not too late! Just click!) ------------------------------------ The 365 Days of Astronomy Podcast is produced by the Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu Visit us on the web at 365DaysOfAstronomy.org or email us at info@365DaysOfAstronomy.org.

Interstellar travel, the stuff of sci-fi movies, is starting to feel like it could actually happen! Scientists and engineers are working on crazy new tech, like light sails powered by lasers, to send tiny spacecraft to other stars. Projects like Breakthrough Starshot aim to reach Alpha Centauri, our nearest star system, within a few decades. While it's still early days, the idea of exploring other solar systems isn't as far-fetched as it used to be. This kind of travel could help us learn if there's life out there or even find a new home for humanity. It's like the first steps of a real-life space odyssey! Animation is created by Bright Side. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/ Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/0hUkPxD... Subscribe to Bright Side: https://goo.gl/rQTJZz ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook:   / brightside   Instagram:   / brightside.official   TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@brightside.of... Telegram: https://t.me/bright_side_official Stock materials (photos, footages and other): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Una vela solare è un tipo di propulsione spaziale che utilizza la pressione della luce solare per muovere una nave spaziale. Questa propulsione spaziale innovativa si basa su larghe vele solari, spesso fatte di materiali riflettenti come Mylar o Kapton, che catturano il momentum dei fotoni del Sole, fornendo una spinta costante e senza necessità di carburante. A differenza dei sistemi tradizionali a propellente, le vele solari sono più efficienti per missioni di lunga durata e possono accelerare gradualmente fino a raggiungere velocità elevate. Alcuni progetti come il LightSail hanno sfruttato questa tipologia di propulsione spaziale innovativa delle vele solari. Il progetto Breakthrough Starshot è un'iniziativa ambiziosa che punta a dimostrare questa tecnologia. Mirando a inviare piccole sonde verso Alpha Centauri (in particolare verso Proxima Centauri), il sistema stellare più vicino al nostro, Breakthrough Starshot prevede l'utilizzo di vele solari ultra-sottili e robuste. Queste vele solari saranno spinte da raggi laser potenti, permettendo alle sonde di raggiungere una frazione significativa della velocità della luce. __________________

#259More people in the US are getting bird flu. Though numbers are small – just five new cases, all mild – every new case is a reason for concern. How and why is it being transmitted – and how is it being monitored?What if you could make a sailboat that's pushed not by wind, but lasers? Breakthrough Starshot is a mission attempting to send a spacecraft to our nearest star system, Alpha Centauri, using such a lightsail. While lightsail designs have been too expensive and unworkable so far, a new prototype is looking promising.Climate change is threatening a key part of the global climate system. The Atlantic Meridional Ocean Circulation (AMOC) system transports heat and salinity between the tropics and the poles. Scientists have ongoing concerns about its stability, but it's now showing signs of potential collapse much sooner than expected. And if it does shut down, the knock-on effects would be drastic.What makes a planet a planet? Defining this is what knocked Pluto off planetary status, but now one researcher has proposed a new set of criteria. Is the new method useful – and does it change which objects are considered planets?Believe it or not – sea slugs hunt in packs. A species of sea slug has been seen ganging up on brown sea anemones to avoid its poisonous tentacles. How are they capable of teaming up like this?Hosts Rowan Hooper and Christie Taylor discuss with guests Grace Wade, Alex Wilkins, Madeleine Cuff and Sophie Bushwick.To read more about these stories, visit newscientist.com. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The eposode of Space Nuts is brought to you by NordPass....the password manager that will make your life so much eaier for not very much money. Check out our special offer at www.bitesz.com/nordpass - you'll be glad you did.Strap in for an astronomical journey as Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson return to answer your burning cosmic questions in this enlightening episode of Space Nuts. Beam up to the cosmos as we tackle the challenges of snapping photos at supersonic speeds with the Breakthrough Starshot project. Viano from Florence brings into focus the hurdles of capturing clear images of distant planets when traveling at a third the speed of light. Could the blur of speed and the distortion of space-time leave us with just a glimpse of Proxima Centauri's secrets?Next, we delve into the cosmic dance of celestial bodies. Brady from Florida, with a front-row seat to rocket launches, ponders the possibility of a moon having its own moon. Could a satellite's satellite exist, or are the gravitational tugs within our solar system too much for such a delicate balance? Professor Watson explains the intricate gravitational ballet that determines these cosmic relationships.Then, Scott from Oregon opens a window into the fascinating world of triple star systems with a question about HD 110067. How can stars so far apart still be considered gravitationally bound? Discover the cosmic ties that bind these stellar companions across vast distances.And for a bonus, we tackle an impromptu query from Dean about the Hubble Space Telescope's remarkable ability to maintain steady images while orbiting Earth. The secret lies in the dance of gyroscopes, but how long can this celestial photography session last?From interstellar photography to the gravitational waltz of moons and stars, this episode is packed with insights into the mechanics of our universe. Remember to send us your space-related questions, and join us on this voyage of cosmic discovery. Subscribe to Space Nuts on your favorite podcast platform, and until our next stellar encounter, keep gazing at the stars and wondering about the wonders above. 

At 3 in the night at Starmus 2017 I finally managed to get ten minutes with astrophysicist, science communicator, director of the Hayden Planetarium. At it's purest, Wunderdog digs into one or two topics and goes deep, like Vinay's refugee cities, Casey's carbon capture, Ana's cosmic bullet holes, and Eugene's star-based life. This isn't that! This is, me grabbing hold of someone very smart and trying to squeeze fun answers out of them on as many topics as I could. We talk about CRISPR, Breakthrough Starshot, Ray Kurzweil, Mars exploration and contamination, mind uploads, genetically engineered bacteria and Craig Venter, sci-fi, Bach's Mass in D minor, and how Beethoven's 7th symphony is "high cholesterol" and Denis Villeneuve's "Arrival". I was reluctant to share it because it was so unfocused, but Neil has such a knack for delivering fun, concise answers on any topic. He did this easily, despite having been CONSTANTLY surrounded by media all weekend. He was the most popular man on a festival where ELEVEN of the guests had won Nobel prizes. Wunderdog is produced by Nitro Studio Oslo, and music is by Trop1ce / Charky. In this particular episode my ticket was funded by Norway's Research Council, and the interview was originally done for Andreas Kjensli Knudsen, Pablo Castro & my excellent live-podcast "Applied Science Fiction" / "Anvendt Science Fiction". The people who support this stuff are mentioned on this episode, they did so at www.patreon.com/runde

En este episodio de PARSEC, Darth Atapu, un ferviente servidor de Palpatine, nos guía en un viaje fascinante a través de la tecnología espacial en la ficción junto al experto Álex Barredo. Acompáñanos a explorar las complejidades de la teoría de la relatividad y cómo la ciencia ficción explora los viajes más rápidos que la luz. Sistemas de propulsión futuristas, desde el motor Epstein de "The Expanse", que utiliza la fusión nuclear para propulsar naves a través del sistema solar con eficiencia asombrosa, hasta la nave ISV Venture Star de "Avatar", que combina motores de materia-antimateria, velas fotónicas, y maniobras planetarias para alcanzar el 70% de la velocidad de la luz. Viajes interesalares mediante puertas de salto, como los "Babylon 5", que permite viajar distancias enormes a través del hiperespacio. Y su humilde alternativa real: Breakthrough Starshot, que busca enviar nanonaves a Alpha Centauri usando velas impulsadas por láser. Y por supuesto, la criogenización de "Alien" y los esfuerzos de la NASA y la ESA para desarrollar tecnologías de hibernación para futuras misiones espaciales de larga distancia. PARSEC es un podcast semanal sobre exploración espacial presentado por Javier Atapuerca y Matías S. Zavia. Haznos llegar tus preguntas por Twitter: @parsecpodcast@JaviAtapu@matiass Puedes escucharnos en todas las plataformas a través de parsecpodcast.com.

In der letzten Folge haben wir uns angeschaut, wo der nächste für uns erreichbare Stern sich befinden würde, wie lange wir dahin bräuchten und ob es überhaupt eine realistische Möglichkeit gibt, dies zu tun. Dabei sind wir zu dem Schluss gekommen, dass es mit dem heutigen Stand der Technik wohl mehrere tausend Jahre dauern würde. Doch das lassen wir natürlich nicht auf sich beruhen: Denn es gibt Ideen und konkret ein Projekt namens Breakthrough Starshot, dass sich genau dieser Mission verschrieben hat und plant, den Weg in nur 20 Jahren zurückzulegen. Ob das realistisch ist und wie genau sie das umsetzen wollen - All das erfahrt ihr in der heutigen Folge ALLwissen.

Today, Avi Loeb joins us to explore his work in discovering Alien Artifacts falling from space, evidence that Aliens exist, and the possibility of the Human Race becoming an interstellar species. We explore the frontier of extraterrestrial research through the Galileo Project and the intriguing interstellar object 'Oumuamua.' Loeb discusses the potential impact of discovering extraterrestrial life on humanity, from changing our understanding of the cosmos to influencing global tribalism and politics. He speculates on humanity's readiness for alien encounters and the role of AI in the search for alien intelligence. This episode offers a captivating look at the intersection of technology, space exploration, and the profound questions facing our place in the universe.Highlights:00:00 Intro and Episode Preview1:50 Galileo Project Overview8:10 Oumuamua Significance12:00 US Govt. and Extraterrestrial Data23:00 First Objects Beyond Solar System28:00 Could aliens' discovery change humanity?30:00 Tribal Hate Discussion33:55 Scenarios with Alien Earth Visits39:08 Aliens as Messiahs?45:27 Ready for Alien Encounter?48:00 Earth's Potential Disappearance?52:04 Alien Encounters for Human Survival?54:00 Politics Influencing Tribalism1:00:42 Investment in Extraterrestrial Research1:09:09 AI's Role in Alien Discovery?1:10:35 Extraterrestrial AI1:12:00 The next step is artificial intelligence in spaceAbout Avi:Read more of his work here: https://avi-loeb.medium.comAvi Loeb is the head of the Galileo Project, founding director of Harvard University's — Black Hole Initiative, director of the Institute for Theory and Computation at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the former chair of the astronomy department at Harvard University (2011–2020). He chairs the advisory board for the Breakthrough Starshot project, and is a former member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and a former chair of the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies. He is the bestselling author of “Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth” and a co-author of the textbook “Life in the Cosmos”, both published in 2021. His new book, titled “Interstellar”, was published in August 2023.// Let's Connect //Website: https://throughconversations.comNewsletter: https://throughconversations.ck.page/0c18d1ab61// Say Hi on Social Media //Twitter: https://twitter.com/thruconvpodcastInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/thruconvpodcast/?hl=enYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCl67XqJVdVtBqiCWahS776g 

There's toxic gas flowing out of Enceladus that could be the key to life. Could there be black holes inside stars? NASA tight beams a cat video from space.

There's toxic gas flowing out of Enceladus that could be the key to life. Could there be black holes inside stars? NASA tight beams a cat video from space.

If we want to send an interstellar probe to the nearest stars, getting there isn't the only problem. We explore non-trivial problems like getting the signal back from the probes, communicating within the swarm, choosing which data to send back and much more with Marshall Eubanks.

We're pleased and honored to present a special guest for this episode, Dr. Abraham “Avi” Loeb. Dr. Loeb is the Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science at Harvard University and received his Ph.D. in Physics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel at the age of 24. He has written nine books and nearly 1000 papers, led the first international project supported by the Strategic Defense Initiative, and served as a long-standing member of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, among many other achievements. Although his work with the Breakthrough Starshot project to send “light sails” speeding toward nearby stars may have initially gained him the most notoriety in science news, his study and theory of a recent anomalous visitor put him on the radar of the general public. In October 2017, a Hawaiian observatory detected the first interstellar object to pass through our solar system, which was subsequently named Oumuamua, meaning “scout” in the Hawaiian language. That fact alone may have registered a blip of mild interest to most. Yet the first artists' conceptions of the object as a cigar-shaped asteroid put further curiosity of the masses to rest as it being, albeit odd, just another space rock. However, analysis of sensor data of Oumuamua, with no visual inspection obtained during its visit, led Dr. Loeb and his team to conclude that it was nothing like it was portrayed to the public. Instead, their research showed it was roughly the size of a football field, reflective, spinning, thin as a sheet of paper, and moving unusually. Dr. Loeb hypothesized that Oumuamua could likely be a probe, perhaps manufactured by an ancient alien civilization to gather information as star systems pass by. Not surprisingly, many of his peers met this open-minded thinking with dismissive resistance, hesitant or unwilling to entertain such bold and adventurous speculation. Join us for a fascinating discussion with one of the world's leading astrophysicists on the challenges of searching for extraterrestrial life on the eve of his appearance at the upcoming annual Contact in the Desert conference taking place June 2 through 4, 2023, in Indian Wells, California. Visit our website for a lot more information on this episode.

The ancient ambition of exploring the cosmos and possibly even inhabiting other planets may one day come true, as we discover more and more exoplanets and intend to develop innovative propulsion techniques suitable for interstellar travel. Projects like 100 Year Starship and Breakthrough Starshot enable us to study the challenges involved with a view to develop solutions, furthering the idea of interstellar travel. In his new book “A Traveller's Guide to the Stars” physicist and Nasa Technologist Les Johnson takes the readers on an exciting journey through the science and innovations that could help us get to the stars.The book gives a thorough account of the next great frontier of human exploration, outlining exclusive inside look at the amazing advances in science and technology that will aid today's astronauts in setting out for the stars. Les Johnson is a physicist, author, and NASA technologist. He leads the development of advanced, in-space spacecraft propulsion technologies at the NASA George C. Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. During his career at NASA, Les served as the Manager for the Space Science Programs and Projects Office, the In-Space Propulsion Technology Project, and the Interstellar Propulsion Research Project. We begin by reviewing the impact of discovery of exoplanets on the ambition of travelling to and inhibiting these distant alien worlds. Next we look at the precursors that we must take into consideration before building the ships and embarking on interstellar journeys. We discuss in detail the presently used propulsion technologies and evaluate their shortcomings for interstellar journeys. While discussing the future, we first discuss in detail two rocket technologies of the future: nuclear fusion and antimatter. Then we discuss in detail the innovative and promising propulsion approaches such as solar sails and laser-beamed energy. We discuss in detail how these technologies may one day enable us to embark on interstellar journeys. Les Johnson has written a number of science fiction books; I ask him to expand on his view that science fiction is an effective tool to imagine future technologies. No discussion on the topic of space exploration is complete without discussing the possibility of life out there; we discuss this as I ask Les to give us his views on the possibility of life out there and on the question “are we alone”. This has been a fantastic discussion. Complement this discussion with ““The Next 500 Years: Engineering Life to Reach New Worlds” with Professor Christopher Mason” available at: https://www.bridgingthegaps.ie/2022/05/the-next-500-years-engineering-life-to-reach-new-worlds-with-professor-christopher-mason/ And then listen to ““The End of Astronauts”, Robotic Space Exploration and Our Future on Earth and Beyond with Professor Martin Rees” available at: https://www.bridgingthegaps.ie/2022/03/the-end-of-astronauts-robotic-space-exploration-and-our-future-on-earth-and-beyond-with-professor-martin-rees/

Thanks to SpaceX, it's getting cheaper and cheaper to launch stuff into orbit. But just imagine if instead of using rockets, we could send cargo and people to space on an incredibly tall elevator. This may sound like a total sci-fi idea, but it has some grounding in real-world physics. In theory, we could build a space elevator by putting a counterweight in geostationary orbit and attaching a cable between the satellite and Earth. An elevator could then climb the cable, delivering payloads to space at a fraction of the cost of propulsive rockets. As you can imagine, it isn't quite that easy, which is why I'm joined today by Stephen Cohen.Stephen teaches physics at Vanier College in Montreal and has been working on space elevator concepts for almost 20 years. Recently, he wrote “Space Elevators Are Less Sci-Fi Than You Think” for Scientific American. Stephen also has a new book, Getting Physics: Nature's Laws as a Guide to Life, which was released earlier this year.In This Episode* Space elevators 101 (1:42)* The engineering challenges (7:14)* The economics of space elevators (11:07)* Space elevators in sci-fi (19:21)Below is an edited transcript of our conversation.Space elevators 101James Pethokoukis: In the intro, I tried to do my best at explaining what a space elevator is. But the simple version is we have something big and heavy in orbit, a cable extends down from that thing, attaches somewhere on the Earth, and we run an elevator up and down it. That's a space elevator. Am I right?Stephen Cohen: Sure.Now that we have a picture in our heads, why is it something more than just an interesting engineering thought experiment? What attracts you to it, other than sort of a technical problem that would be interesting to solve on paper?Well, it's space infrastructure, which is something we don't currently have and never have had. Right now, and for all time we've accessed space, going to space is like a one-off each time. Sometimes you have some reusable parts, but basically what a space elevator is, is a bridge instead of just a bunch of boats.And the advantage of a bridge over boats is what?Access. Right now, each time you want to plan a mission, to simply put something into orbit requires a lot of planning. The weather has to be right. And then you want to plan another mission, you sort of have to begin again. With a space elevator, you can just days in advance say, “Okay, we're going to send something up to a desired orbit.” And just hours later after that one would be sent, you could send something else. And you basically have a housing — that's what the climber is, effectively — that you put the payload inside and up it goes. That's the transformative part. But we haven't talked about really the cost savings, the energy savings, and that's just basic physics.The way you get around in general is by applying forces. And that's something you do without thinking. When you walk, you push on the ground. When you fly through the air, you're basically pushing on air molecules and they push back. But in space, you have none of that. And so what rockets do is they literally are the medium. The fuel you bring is the medium you're pushing against — rather, you're throwing it out the back. It's a hugely wasteful, inefficient way to get around. It's preposterous when you think about it. But it's the only way we can get things to the speeds we need to get them to. Just as a mode of getting things into this is extremely practical. You can't compare the efficiencies. It's orders of magnitude of difference.It really strikes people. When they hear the general concept, they really think it's something big and it sounds like it's amazing. It's something that is science fictional, but maybe we could turn into science fact. There's something else about it, I think, that just grabs people's attention.Yeah, for sure, because it's a physical connection to space. It's like, if you could just touch the cord at the Earth port, then you're in contact with something that's reaching out all the way into space, which is wild. But I think there's an element missing. People don't realize tethers in space are not a new thing. We've had missions since the ‘70s that are effectively two bodies orbiting earth connected by a long tether, sometimes kilometers long. Now, that's not in the ballpark of 100,000 kilometers long, which is a common number thrown out there for what the eventual space elevator might be. But a lot of the same technologies are involved. The biggest difference is of course, instead of two bodies connected by a tether, like a big spacecraft to a small spacecraft, say, this is a big structure connected all the way to Earth. The amount of tension is tremendous. That's the big difference. That's what effectively becomes the big engineering challenge about it all.To be clear, the cable would be connected to something large in orbit, and that could be something we build, but I've also heard maybe it could be a small asteroid? Am I confusing two different things there?It doesn't have to be something we build, but likely it won't be an asteroid. The way at least the first space elevator will likely be constructed would be you send the cable up in a spacecraft and you drop it, you sort of spool down the cable over time. And it would be a lengthy unspooling. The dynamics of that are super interesting. But the point is, at the end of it you can now connect that cable to the ground. It's good to have something functional at the other end, not just some mass. Of course, the mass you're going to have at the far end, the particular value of that mass, that depends on how long the cable will be. So to achieve an equilibrium, you can't just choose any random mass. It would have to be planned.The engineering challengesLet's get to some of the challenges. And as you answer those questions, we may also find out why you think this is something that can be done. You mentioned that cable. That seems to be the chief engineering issue, as you mentioned: finding an ultra-strong lightweight material to make up that cable. Is that something that needs to be invented? Are we talking an innovation? Do we need radical new science, or can you see how that cable could be manufactured in a decade if we got serious about funding that kind of research?The key property is called specific strength. It's not just strength, but it's the strength-to-density ratio. And that property in the material existed since the mid-‘90s. But it's very costly to produce. Time consuming as well. Now, on both fronts, there have been big improvements since then.Are these carbon nanotubes? I always hear about carbon nanotubes. Is that what you're talking about?The two candidates that are talked about these days are carbon nanotubes and just graphene. These options, there are some issues with repeatability. So the process, you think you're doing it the same twice, but you don't get exactly the same properties each time. It still needs to mature, but the basic science is there. It's become a materials engineering kind of problem.Is it an engineering problem that we just sort of have to work the problem, and it'd be great if we had funding, but it doesn't require a radical breakthrough? We think we know how to get there. It's just sort of resources and effort and time.Yeah. Yeah. There are probably solutions to every problem that stand in its way. I would say as the material problem is getting solved and as time is going on, a new problem is entering that is on the same level as the material problem. And that's our very, very crowded space environment. That is only becoming a bigger issue. That problem is only going to get worse with time. And the equator is a fairly busy area. It's very likely that the space elevator will be situated slightly off-equator, and the mechanics of that are sound. That's not a big issue.On land or in the ocean?Probably in the ocean, is the proposals I've seen. Those are sort of the details, I would say. And it will come down to economics, won't it? We're still at the stages of design, but there's really no company that is clearly in charge and no administration, institution is pulling all the strings. What we have right now is a big project with a bunch of academics scattered around the world that are, I would say, dabbling in it. A lot of work has taken place. I would say low-intensity work. That is, you get 10 very useful studies done in the course of a year. That's peanuts for something on this scale. There needs to be probably a champion or several on the business side, I guess. But also governments need to get involved for this to really take off.The economics of space elevatorsIt must be annoying that you can't find a super billionaire — they seem to be very interested in rockets. You need to find one who's interested in a space elevator. That would seem to be an important piece to the puzzle when you look at how things are going in space and rocketry.Yeah, on the economic side of things, if you want return on investment, you probably need to work on steps to get there. So partial space elevator, that's something which is basically a larger space tether. Space tether on the order of thousands of kilometers. So it's an easier challenge, but the payoff isn't nearly as high. There need to be small aspects that are worked on that have return on investment that get you there. There are several that could be listed. If I could speak about the big investor of which you just mentioned, there's another project that really reminds me of the space elevator: something called Breakthrough Starshot that you haven't heard of it. It's an attempt to send something interstellar. To send to another star system a very small payload, on the order of grams, that we could then once we get there take a picture of, say, an exoplanet and send it back. And we'd get something way cooler than what our best satellites can do. That project also has a few major engineering challenges, but I wouldn't say science challenges. We're now at the point where there's a road to it. It's also probably decades away. It has spinoff technologies. They're really very similar. And the interesting thing is, there seem to be investors putting more money into that one than space elevators. That's my impression. Not boat loads of money.Isn't that a Mark Zuckerberg thing? Hasn't he put money in that?I don't think he's the only one.Yeah.I'm not fully aware of all the happening surrounding Breakthrough Starshot, but it's worth mentioning that the space elevator is completely transformative for life in our solar system, really. We talk about colonizing the Moon and Mars, and that would be really neat. But it's sort of a pipe dream if you can't support it. Sending a single person or several to Mars, that's a big, big undertaking. But now for them to live there in a supported way? The amount of mass you have to get there is tremendous. And you can't do this in a sustainable way without infrastructure. The point I'm making is, a space elevator [is] really transformative for the solar system. And I don't want to speak down on Breakthrough Starshot. I don't want to speak ill of that project. Totally cool. I'm on board. But that one, I would say, is transformative in the sense that you can actually send something to another star. We've never done that before. But it wouldn't change life as we know it, unless our picture happens to show something living on an exoplanet.Someone else's space elevator, perhaps!.It's really the economics and efficiency of getting something off the ground, into orbit. Has that economic potential calculus been changed, or would it be changed, by reusable rockets? I mean, when you first got interested it was probably either pre-SpaceX or maybe SpaceX's early days, and those costs have come down and are expected to continue come down. At some point, does that make a space elevator irrelevant?Before we get to the cheaper chemical rockets, there are other changes that have taken place. For example, nuclear rocketry. There's also the idea of solar sails and things like that. But of course, none of those can address the primary reason why a space elevator is useful, and that's to get out of the Earth's gravity well. That's where you need chemical rockets or, well, nothing else. Nothing else will do it, because you need a tremendous amount of power in order to reach those speeds, unless you can just climb along a cable. Of course, those chemical rockets get cheaper. It doesn't mean they necessarily become routine, in the sense that weather will always be an issue, safety always a concern. They're not green, and if you intend to get really serious about space in the way people are talking about it, we are talking about such wasteful practices there. It's just unconscionable in a way. That's not the economic side, I realize. But an economic study needs to probably be repeated regularly to see whether this is the best way forward, purely based on economics. Access, environmental considerations: Those are other elements that also need consideration. But the economic story, I'd say, is evolving. Chemical rockets will always have a certain ceiling that you just can't beat, and we're maybe getting close to it.If I got into a space elevator capsule on Earth, how long would it actually take to get up to a space station?In all likelihood, there will be a station at geosynchronous that's 36,000 kilometers high — so about three Earths away — and it will probably take a week to get there if you could go in the area of the high-speed trains we've become accustomed to on Earth. That would be beautiful views for a week. What's cool is as you go up, the weight you feel goes down gradually until you reach this geo place. And then you are indeed weightless, just floating there like they do in the ISS. However, you'll have passed the ISS a long, long time ago, because that's only 300 kilometers off the surface of Earth. You couldn't put a station there on the space elevator. Physically that just wouldn't work. Geostationary is the ideal place for a space station because it imposes no new tension on the cable. In any case, it would take a week, is the short answer to that question.But that week would be a far more relaxing experience than taking a rocket.And let's be clear, this would be way cheaper once you've got it. Operating one of these, you wouldn't pay millions of dollars a person. Not even close. I can't know exactly what the number would be, but it could be 100 times less for one person once this thing's really up and running. Plus you don't have to spend a week going to geo and a week coming back. If we're trying to recreate the experience of going up to 300 kilometers, it could be an hour up and down and you've achieved a nice view of Earth.Space elevators in sci-fiIt's an interesting concept, but one which is probably used more in scientific literature than in movies and TV shows. I think the first time I ever saw one on a screen was in the recent TV series based on Foundation by Isaac Asimov where they had a space elevator. Now, of course, the space elevator — spoilers — the space elevator in that show, there's a terrorist attack and it falls down and just kills…Is there a portrayal of this technology in science fiction that you're aware of or that you think is interesting?There's some artistic license, perhaps, going on there. What would happen if it's severed, if that's the conversation we're having, the portion beyond the severance likely is gone never to be seen again. And then the portion below, its future really depends on where the severance happens, exactly what that looks like. There was a study done when I was doing my master's — in like 2005, 2006, I think — [by] someone named Paul Williams, if I remember right. He did animations on exactly this question. It flies down to Earth, the lower portion below severance. And it would, like, paint a line on the equator —whatever didn't burn up in the atmosphere on the way down. But we're talking about a cable that's like one meter wide and very thin. So don't imagine a building collapsing that's wrapping around the equator. It's a rubber band, if you want to imagine something.The piece you wrote in Scientific American, have you gotten any feedback on that from other scientists, astrophysicists, engineers? What kind of response have you gotten, if any?Oh, I've gotten letters from high school students. “Can you tell me this? Can you tell me that?”It was a completely honest piece. I am not what I would even call a space elevator advocate. But the moment I start talking about it, I get excited. To be clear, a quick perusal of some of the online message boards reveals a lot of, well, trolling where some people who may be informed, some people who aren't, just write a thousand reasons why this will never happen, X, Y, Z. But most of the feedback I've gotten in the circles I would ask through are just: “That was delightful to read.”I think it approached it with the appropriate level of seriousness for something that's interesting, it's not tomorrow, but it's possible. And let's give it some thought. That seems like a very reasonable approach to the issue.I'm a college teacher at this point. I've worked in the space industry. But my goal is to capture people's imagination when I'm in the classroom. That's at least a big part of it. The space elevator ticks a lot of boxes in that department. Exactly where it'll go in terms of economics and all that, I don't really know. And in my day-to-day life, space elevator is something I dabble in when I have free time and when I feel like it. It is something I write about in a small part of the book that I published recently, but it's mostly a general physics book, for example. It's not the focus of my life.Let's say we elected an American president who said, “This is something we can do. We're going devote resources. This is a new Apollo.” With enough effort, could you say within a decade we could have a space elevator, if we had that kind of enthusiasm and allocation of resources?I think in a decade we could have a design that is pretty mature, and I think a decade after that it could be built. But again, that would take the kind of backing that is associated with serious projects. And you'd talk about many countries coming together. To go on a little tangent, there was a film that had a space elevator recently released in China. I cannot recall what it was, but a lot of the recent conversations I've had because of that Scientific American article were from that. Journalists in China wanted to know more about space elevators. Their question for me was along the lines of what you just asked me, is this realistic? And I said it's probably true that the engineering challenge becomes a bit smaller than the challenge of getting all the groups to do this thing together. The scale of the teamwork, cooperation for a project on this scale, this is a lot bigger than the International Space Station. Not just in terms of its physical size, in terms of things like space law that come into play, all kinds of areas, some of which we haven't even considered yet.That may sound like a bug, but maybe that's actually a feature. Get everybody together working on something. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit fasterplease.substack.com/subscribe

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Are we alone in the universe? According to Harvard astrophysicist Avi Loeb, we got our answer to that question on October 19, 2017 when the peculiar and fast-moving and luminous interstellar object, named Oumuamua was observed. Loeb discusses his book, "Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth."See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A Traveler's Guide to the Stars: The Possibilities of Interstellar Exploration- Interview with Les Johnson The Not Old Better Show, Smithsonian Associates Interview Series Welcome to The Not Old Better Show, Smithsonian Associates Inside Science Interview series on radio and podcast.  I'm Paul Vogelzang, and today's show is part of our Smithsonian Associates Inside Science interview series, and we have an excellent program about interstellar spaceflight, rocket science, and solar sails and their impact on interplanetary travel…you're going to want to hear this. Thank you so much for listening. As I say, we've got a great guest today, who, after reading his new book, I've been looking forward to for a while and whom I'll introduce in just a moment…But, quickly, if you missed any episodes, last week was our 679th episode, and I spoke with historian, author, and Smithsonian Associate Clay Jenkinson about Gulliver's Travels and the fascinating story within a story, not just for children.  Two weeks ago had another great conversation with the author and NFL legend, a member of the only team in NFL history to be undefeated, and very entertaining guest Larry Csonka. Wonderful stuff…If you missed those shows, along with any others, you can go back and check them out with my entire back catalog of shows, all free for you there on our website, NotOld-Better.com…and if you leave a review, we will read it at the end of each show…leave reviews on Apple Podcasts for us. The age-old dream of venturing forth into the cosmos and perhaps even colonizing distant worlds all may one day become a reality, according to our guest today, physicist, NASA consultant, and Smithsonian Associate Les Johnson. Les Johnson will be appearing at Smithsonian Associates coming up soon, so please check out our show notes today for more details about Smithsonian Associates.  Les Johnson and I will talk today about the known exoplanets now numbering in the thousands and initiatives like 100 Year Starship and Breakthrough Starshot advancing the idea of interstellar travel, and how and when in our lifetimes we will be boarding rocket ships! Les Johnson is a scientist, an author, and the Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Please join me in welcoming to The Not Old Better Show Inside Science interview series on radio and podcast Les Johnson. My thanks to Les Johnson for his time today.  My thanks to the Smithsonian team for all they do to support the show.  My thanks to you, my wonderful Not Old Better Show audience on radio and podcast…please be well and be safe, which I'm mentioning in every show because I want to bring attention to the issue of assault rifles, which aren't safe, in anyone's hands but the military and law enforcement.  Assault rifles are killing our children and grandchildren in the very places they learn: schools!  Please, let's work together to eliminate assault rifles, and let's do better.  Let's talk about Better…the Not Old Better Show on radio and podcast, Smithsonian Associates Inside Science Interview series…

Scooping Interstellar Fragments from the Ocean FloorAlbert Einstein famously argued in a letter to the physicist Max Born in December 1926 that God does not play dice. The letter referred to the probabilistic nature of Quantum Mechanics but it can also be interpreted more broadly as if nature does not make random choices. In fact, it is the duty of a scientist to make sense of nature's choices. Otherwise, reality looks random to those who do not understand it. Weather was perceived this way before satellite and ground-based data allowed modern science to make weather forecasts a week in advance. The fundamental insight we learned as an advanced scientific civilization is that we should be guided by evidence rather than prejudice. The range of possibilities, as often imagined in mathematics or science fiction stories, is far greater and sometimes has no overlap with what is actually realized in nature.On April 6, 2022, the United States Space Command tweeted a formal letter confirming that a meteor identified in the CNEOS catalog by my student Amir Siraj and me in 2019 as originating from outside the Solar system based on its high speed, is indeed interstellar. The meteor detection on January 8, 2014 predated the first reported interstellar object, `Oumuamua, by almost four years and should be recognized as the first interstellar object ever discovered. The meteor paper was initially doubted because the uncertainties in the velocity measurements were classified. The release of the confirmation letter is a watershed moment in which the government assists scientific progress by confirming the interstellar origin of this so-called CNEOS-2014–01–08 meteor at the 99.999% confidence.Our discovery of an interstellar meteor heralds a new research frontier, in which the Earth serves as a fishing net for massive interstellar objects. As a result of encountering Earth and rubbing against its atmosphere, an interstellar object burns up in a bright fireball. This fireball is detectable by satellites or ground-based sensors even for relatively small interstellar objects like CNEOS-2014–01–08, which was about a meter in size and created a fireball carrying a percent of the energy of the Hiroshima bomb. This size scale is a hundred times smaller than `Oumuamua, which was discovered by the Pan STARRS telescope through its reflection of sunlight. This alternative detection method allows existing survey telescopes to discover only objects larger than a football field, within the orbit of the Earth around the Sun.There should be a million objects as small as CNEOS-2014–01–08 within that volume for every `Oumuamua-size object, but only a tiny fraction of them is seen as meteors because of the small size of our “fishing net”, the Earth. The situation is analogous to finding many more small fish than whales in the ocean. But we should also keep in mind that most meteors originate from the Solar system, but the interstellar ones can be flagged by their high speeds.The interstellar meteor discovery is very important from another perspective. One can imagine a billion dollar mission to land on an interstellar object like `Oumuamua and return a sample of it to Earth, similar to the OSIRIS-REx mission that landed on the asteroid Bennu and will return material from it in September 2023. But at a cost that is ten thousand times smaller, one could scoop fragments left over from an interstellar meteor and study them in our laboratories.The debris from CNEOS-2014–01–08 landed on the ocean floor near Papua New Guinea and it is possible to scoop them with a magnet. Once collected, we could place our hands around sizeable chunks of interstellar matter and examine its composition and nature. The ocean on site is a couple of kilometers deep and the impact region is uncertain to within ten kilometers. But an expedition to explore this region for meteor fragments is feasible and we are currently engaged in designing it.The fundamental question is whether any interstellar meteor might indicate a composition that is unambiguously artificial in origin? Better still, perhaps some technological components would survive the impact. My dream is to press some buttons on a functional piece of equipment which was manufactured outside of Earth.This gives a whole new meaning to a “fishing expedition”; in this case, of extraterrestrial equipment.In February 1954, just 14 months before he died, Einstein wrote a letter to the physicist David Bohm, in which he stated: “If God created the world, his primary concern was certainly not to make its understanding easy for us.” I wonder whether our expedition to Papua New Guinea might replace the word `God' in Einstein's statements by the term `an advanced scientific civilization'.ABOUT THE AUTHORAvi Loeb is the head of the Galileo Project, founding director of Harvard University's — Black Hole Initiative, director of the Institute for Theory and Computation at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the former chair of the astronomy department at Harvard University (2011–2020). He chairs the advisory board for the Breakthrough Starshot project, and is a former member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and a former chair of the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies. He is the bestselling author of “Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth” and a co-author of the textbook “Life in the Cosmos”, both published in 2021.

In conversation with Indian Genes in this Exclusive, Avi Loeb the Harvard University professor who is now heading the Galileo Project, explains his shocking hypothesis, details in this conversation have not been heard before and Avi Loeb, opens up to all matters related to the search for Extraterrestrial life including some details about his own life you may not Know. Avi Loeb is no stranger to controversy. The prolific Harvard University astrophysicist has produced pioneering and provocative research on black holes, gamma-ray bursts, the early universe and other standard topics of his field. But for more than a decade he has also courted a more contentious subject—namely, space aliens, including how to find them. Until relatively recently, Loeb's most high-profile work in that regard was his involvement with Breakthrough Starshot, a project funded by Silicon Valley billionaire Yuri Milner to send laser-boosted, gossamer-thin mirrorlike spacecraft called “light sails” on high-speed voyages to nearby stars. All that began to change in late 2017, however, when astronomers around the world scrambled to study an enigmatic interstellar visitor—the first ever seen—that briefly came within range of their telescopes.

Guest: Professor Avi Loeb is the head of the Galileo Project, founding director of Harvard University's — Black Hole Initiative, director of the Institute for Theory and Computation at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the former chair of the astronomy department at Harvard University (2011–2020). He chairs the advisory board for the Breakthrough Starshot project and is a former member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and a former chair of the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies. He is the bestselling author of “Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth” and a co-author of the textbook “Life in the Cosmos”, both published in 2021. We talk about Galileo Project and the quest to eliminate the term UAP from our lexicon, the search for extraterrestrial equipments, intelligent communication in a possible encounter & the use of artificial intelligence, physics and math as universal languages, sending artificial intelligence astronauts to other planets, the Black Hole Initiative, the search for dark matter on underground labs, space junk x intergalactic treasures, and more.

Guest: Professor Avi Loeb is the head of the Galileo Project, founding director of Harvard University's — Black Hole Initiative, director of the Institute for Theory and Computation at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the former chair of the astronomy department at Harvard University (2011–2020). He chairs the advisory board for the Breakthrough Starshot project and is a former member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and a former chair of the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies. He is the bestselling author of “Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth” and a co-author of the textbook “Life in the Cosmos”, both published in 2021. We talk about Galileo Project and the quest to eliminate the term UAP from our lexicon, the search for extraterrestrial equipments, intelligent communication in a possible encounter & the use of artificial intelligence, physics and math as universal languages, sending artificial intelligence astronauts to other planets, the Black Hole Initiative, the search for dark matter on underground labs, space junk x intergalactic treasures, and more.

---The episode is in English - scroll down for the English description.--- Трудно е да повярваме, че никъде другаде в огромната Вселена няма интелигентни същества. Но ако имаше, защо не сме ги виждали досега? А дали не сме? През 2017 учени засякоха първият междузвезден посетител в Слънчевата система - обектът Оумуамуа. Веднага след това започнаха активни дебати между учени и астрономи какво представлява той. Но един астрофизик повече от всеки друг изрази мнението, че това може би е бил първият пример за апарат с извънземен произход. Това е Ейбрахам (Ави) Льоб – астрофизик, завеждащ департамента по Астрофизика в Харвард, а освен това, оказва се, и с български корени. Ще ви срещнем с Ави Льоб за един ексклузивен разговор, в който ще обсъдим както Оумуамуа, така и като цяло предизвикателствата пред търсенето на интелигентен живот в Космоса. В интервюто ще научите: — С какво е уникален обектът Оумуамуа и дали можем да очакваме още като него? — Как всъщност можем да сме сигурни дали един обект е космически кораб? С какви инструменти можем да си послужим за такъв анализ? — Ако някога открием извънземен живот, това ще бъде ли държано в тайна от обществото? — Какво представлява космическата археология? — Какво са проектите Лира, Галилей и Breakthrough Starshot? === Книгата Extraterrestrial, в която Ави Льоб излага цялата си теория за обекта Оумуамуа и която веднага се превърна в бестселър в САЩ, може да откриете в магазина на Ratio: https://shop.ratio.bg/product/avi-loeb-extraterrestrial/ Допълнителни бележки към епизода: ratio.bg/podcast/270 Ако това, което правим, ви харесва, подкрепете Ratio тук: ratio.bg/support --- IN ENGLISH --- It's hard to believe that we are the only species in the vast Universe that possesses higher intelligence and technological power. But if that's not true, why haven't we seen alien life? Or have we? In 2017, scientists saw the first interstellar object to come into the Solar System. It was called Oumuamua. There are still numerous debates about the nature of this mysterious object. But one astrophysicist spearheaded the controversial idea that this might be an extraterrestrial apparatus. This was Abraham (Avi) Loeb – the head of the Astrophysics department of Harvard University. In this exclusive talk with Avi Loeb, we'll discuss Oumuamua and the challenges of searching for extraterrestrial life. You'll hear: — What makes Oumuamua unique and what more can we expect from it? — How would we even know if an object is an alien spaceship? What tools can help us in this analysis? — If we ever find extraterrestrial life, can this news be hidden from the public? — What is space archeology? — What are the projects Lyra, Gallileo, and Breakthrough Starshot?

หมู่คณะแขกรับเชิญในตอนนี้ รวมตัวกันมาจากเพจนำเสนอคอนเท็นต์วิทยาศาสตร์หน้าใหม่ The Principia (เว็บไซต์ https://theprincipia.co/) ฟังแล้วชอบ อย่าลืมไปติดตามและสนับสนุนกันนะครับ TIME STAMPS 0:00 เกริ่นนำ ทักทาย แนะนำแก๊งค์ The Principia (เต้,กน,ภูริ,นิก,หญิง,เฟิส) 21:34 เข้าไฮไลท์ข่าวใหญ่ปี 2021 - โควิดกลายพันธุ์ 40:05 คุณนิกเล่าข่าวการสำรวจอวกาศช่วงต้นปี หลายประเทศส่งยานไปดาวอังคารพร้อมๆ กัน 54:52 เต้เล่าข่าวบรรพชีวิน เบบี้หยิงเหลียง (Baby Yingliang) กับซากเซลล์และ DNA อายุ 125 ล้านปี + คุยเรื่องโคลนแมมอธ + แมลงยักษ์ๆ สมัยก่อน 1:12:01 บริษัทไบโอเทคมาแรง Gingko Bioworks รับออกแบบสิ่งมีชีวิต 1:18:20 คุณนิกเล่าข่าวอวกาศช่วงกลางปี 2021 โครงการ DART + การไปอวกาศของคนธรรมดาที่ไม่ใช่นักบินอวกาศ 1:50:00 เฟิสเล่าข่าวพฤติกรรมหนอนผีเสื้อกับมด 2:02:35 เต้สรุป Metaverse 2:24:40 พูดคุยเพิ่มเรื่องประวัติแต่ละคน 2:15:48 เฟิสเล่าข่าวเจอด้วงพันธุ์ใหม่ที่อยู่ในรังกับปลวก 2:37:15 คุณนิกพูดถึงกล้อง James Webb ความน่าทึ่งของการที่มนุษย์สามารถมองย้อนกลับไปในอดีต และในความยิ่งใหญ่ของเอกภพ คลิปไลฟ์สด https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aiiaD4Z1G98 ข่าวใหญ่สุดแห่งปีที่ผ่านมาคงหนีไม่พ้นการเกิดวิวัฒนาการ variant ต่างๆ ของโควิดที่ติดง่ายกว่าเดิม ทั้ง delta และ omicron ข่าวการสำรวจอวกาศช่วงต้นปี สหรัฐอาหรับเอมิเรตส์ จีน และอเมริกา ส่งยานไปดาวอังคารพร้อมๆ กัน ข่าวงการบรรพชีวิน เบบี้หยิงเหลียง (Baby Yingliang) ฟอสซิลตัวอ่อนไดโนเสาร์ในไข่ที่สมบูรณ์ที่สุด -1 ข่าวเจอฟอสซิลเซลล์และซาก DNA ไดโนเสาร์อายุ 125 ล้านปี -1,2,3 Gingko Bioworks บริษัทไบโอเทคที่ระดมทุนได้สูงเป็นประวัติกาลในปีที่ผ่านมา https://www.facebook.com/biologybeyondnature/photos/a.680275942134989/825065140989401/?__cft__[0]=AZVgH0T3u6pqJFHbHQpgv0soMVtEk1-s_4PpX77iuJBl6vaDEX2lyNuacJYWk_0yqBaan7qZX1ZSxHpC2cDhRlh56FXgvm2dt_pOLLnu9wTVeDcLP916jQm0WKDeundqh66_G7x4BEVyJJ6795HgFML3&__tn__=%2CO*F ข่าวอวกาศช่วงกลางปี 2021 โครงการ DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test ) ทดลองส่งยานไปพุ่งชนดาวเคราห์น้อย ดูว่าจะเบี่ยงทิศทางมันได้มั้ย 2021 ปีแห่งการไปอวกาศของคนที่ไม่ใช่นักบินอวกาศ คุณ Wally Funk อายุ 82 กับ William Shatner อายุ 90 ไปกับ Blue Origin โครงการ Inspiration4 ของ SpaceX The Inspiration4 crew of Chris Sembroski, Sian Proctor, Jared Isaacman and Hayley Arceneaux poses in this picture obtained by Reuters on September 15, 2021. INSPIRATION 4/Handout via REUTERS การค้นพบแมลงน่าสนใจ หนอนผีเสื้อใช้ยาเสพติดล่อมดมาเป็นบริวาร -1,2 หนอนผีเสื้อใช้กลิ่นหลอกมดให้เอามันไปเลี้ยงในรัง-1 เจอด้วงชนิดใหม่ (Termitotrox icarus) ที่อาศัยอยู่กับปลวกในรัง -1 ปล่อยกล้อง James Webb สำเร็จ รอติดตามดูรูปที่จะถ่ายได้ โครงการ cosmic telescope - 1 โครงการ Breakthrough Starshot

This episode is the second part of our talk with Harvard Professor Avi Loeb. We discuss ― Life In The Cosmos ― an academic textbook he co-authored with Manasvi Lingam which provides an analysis of the latest scientific methodologies for detecting life beyond our planet. It's an updated version of an original book written in 1966 by astrophysicists Carl Sagan and Iosif Shklovsky. We dive into the Kardashev Scale, a theoretical model for classifying stages the development of intelligent alien civilizations based on energy consumption, and the potential of applying a modified version, based on a more indirect but proportional scale of wasted heat or entropy production, toward today's search for extraterrestrial intelligences (ETIs). Learn more about Avi's work with Breakthrough Starshot, a proposed flyby mission to our neighboring solar system Alpha Centauri, and how his recently funded Galileo Project will help to demystify Unexplained Aerial Phenomena. Join us as we survey the latest endeavors to detect alien technosignatures, and explore whether monkeys may one day compose Shakespeare's Hamlet on a typewriter. Professor Avi Loeb is the Director of the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. He received his PhD in plasma physics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and worked as a theoretical astrophysicist at Princeton Institute for Advanced Study. Loeb is a New York Times bestselling author, chairs the Breakthrough Starshot Initiative, and founded the current Galileo Project advancing the search for extraterrestrial life. CONTENT 00:00:35 Intro 00:02:21 Kardashev scale 00:07:01 Building Noah's Ark in Space 00:12:35 Breakthrough Starshot 00:16:36 How to Decelerate as you get to Proxima B 00:22:05 A Masterpiece: Monkeys Typing Hamlet 00:22:39 Technosignatures: detecting Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) 00:26:44 The Galileo Project

Podrá ser borrado y bloqueado su autor, cualquier comentario que contenga falacias de hombre de paja, falsedades, sea ofensivo, irrespetuoso o mal educado. Los comentarios que expresen opiniones diferentes a las sostenidas en el programa, así como las críticas serán bien recibidas si se acompañan de los argumentos en los que se apoyan. Gracias por expresar tu opinión a través de los comentarios. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

I started selling Let's Find Out merchandise at https://www.letsfindoutasmr.com (btw, nothing says "ASMR" on it LOL) as a cool way to help support the channel. I think Teespring usually takes 3 weeks to deliver from date of purchase, so heads up if you want anything by Christmas. Thanks for all the continual support you all give. I never take the patron pledges, paypal donations, or gifts to the po box for granted, and I seriously appreciate every single one of you for showing the channel love and support. It means so much. Happy Holidays, and a Merry coming Christmas to you and your families!   Now for the interstellar starships! Breakthrough Initiatives is a science-based program founded in 2015 and funded by Julia and Yuri Milner, also of Breakthrough Prize, to search for extraterrestrial intelligence over a span of at least 10 years. The program is divided into multiple projects: 1. Breakthrough Listen will search over 1,000,000 stars for artificial radio or laser signals. 2. Breakthrough Message is an effort to create a message "representative of humanity and planet Earth". 3. Breakthrough Starshot, co-founded with Mark Zuckerberg, aims to send a swarm of probes to the nearest star at about 20% the speed of light. 4. Breakthrough Watch aims to identify and characterize Earth-sized, rocky planets around Alpha Centauri and other stars within 20 light years of Earth. 5. Breakthrough Enceladus, plans to send a mission to Saturn's moon Enceladus, in search for life in its warm ocean, and in 2018 signed a partnership agreement with NASA for the project.   Timestamps: 0:00 showing the new merchandise, talking about discord 1:08:56 Interstellar Projects coming in the 21st Century   ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ ►Support for the channel... ▸Shop on Amazon here (kick-backs at no cost to you): ▸PayPal ......... https://www.paypal.me/LetsFindOutASMR ......... ▸Patreon ........ https://www.patreon.com/LetsFindOutASMR ▸

⚠️ Découvrez du contenu EXCLUSIF (pas sur la chaîne) ⚠️ ⇒ https://the-flares.com/y/bonus/ ⬇️⬇️⬇️ Infos complémentaires : sources, références, liens... ⬇️⬇️⬇️ Le contenu vous intéresse ? Abonnez-vous et cliquez sur la

Você já deve ter ouvido falar no LHC certo? E todo o burburinho que correu sobre o possível dano que ele poderia causar ao planeta. Obviamente o alerta sobre esse experimento da física não se mostrou factível, nem mesmo o Futuro Colisor Circular 4 vezes mais longo e 10 vezes mais potente que está sendo desenvolvido pode causar qualquer dano ao planeta. Mas em uma escala maior e bastante possível para uma civilização mais avançada, trabalhar em maiores escalas pode acabar por destruir toda a galáxia e todos que vivem nela. Avi Loeb é ex-presidente (2011-2020) do departamento de astronomia da Universidade de Harvard, diretor fundador da Iniciativa Buraco Negro de Harvard e diretor do Instituto de Teoria e Computação do Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Ele também preside o Conselho de Física e Astronomia das Academias Nacionais e o conselho consultivo do projeto Breakthrough Starshot, e é membro do Conselho de Assessores de Ciência e Tecnologia do Presidente. Loeb é o autor best-seller de Extraterrestre: O Primeiro Sinal de Vida Inteligente Além da Terra (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt). Saiba mais em: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-avoid-a-cosmic-catastrophe/ Nos acompanhe também nas redes sociais: Youtube: youtube.com/superfatocanal Instagram: instagram.com/eusuperfato Facebook: fb.com/eusuperfato Twitter: twitter.com/eusuperfato EMAIL PARA CONTATO: comercialsuperfato@gmail.com

The Astronomy, Technology, and Space Science News Podcast.SpaceTime Series 24 Episode 85*Australia's Interstellar laser propulsion systemScientists with the Australian National University have designed a new laser powered propulsion system as part of the ambitious Breakthrough Starshot project to send a fleet of light sail spacecraft to explore the worlds of Alpha Centauri our nearest neighbouring star system*The biggest comet ever seen becomes activeAstronomers have discovered the largest comet ever seen and it's now become active.*Hubble Space Telescope back on lineNasa Hubble Space Telescope is back in service following marathon efforts to fix a computer crash that shut it down back on June 13.*Starliner ready for launchNASA and Boeing are hoping for better luck second time round as they prepare for the launch of the CST100 Starliner spacecraft on its second test flight.*Blue Origin's first space tourist flightThe world's richest man Jeff Bezos has become the first billionaire to fly in space.*The Science ReportA single dose of either the Pfizer or AstraZeneca vaccine is less effective against the Delta strain.It's now been confirmed that China was behind Microsoft Exchange mail server cyber-attack.New genetic glaucoma test 15 times better than existing tests.A swarm of more than 141 earthquakes has rattled Yellowstone National Park.Skeptic's guide to why pseudoscience survives and thrives.For more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ Help support the show and visit our sponsor Fiverr...find someone to help you with that project you're working on. They have the people to help you out no what it is....please use our link to help support the show... https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/fiverr ... Thank you.

  Darin: ESA-AstronautInnen, Florian im Radio über UFOs und mehr UFOs, DNA-Fresser, Weltraumwetter, Drachenmann, Algen-Asteroid, Stratosphärenschrumpfen, Wenn Nobelpreisträger auf Irrwegen wandeln, mehr Nobelpreisträger auf Irrwegen, Breakthrough Starshot, Chicxulub-Krater, Resonator-Podcast: Das Mikrobiom des Darms, Sciencebusters über Avi Loeb und Oumuamua, Trunkene Bienen, Beteigeuze staubt, Niesreiz, Langer Impfschutz, Alzheimer-Impfung, Fremder Kot, Intervallfasten, Neues vom ITER Kauft: Die Neuentdeckung des Himmels* Florian unterstützen? […]

In this week's questions show, I explain what would happen if scientists discovered an existential threat to humanity. Would they let us know, or keep it secret to avoid a panic? Could we detect a Breakthrough Starshot fleet coming our way? And how well does China communicate its space exploration to the public? 00:00 Start 00:37 Would they tell us about the end of the world? 03:05 Is the Solar System normal? 05:38 Could we detect Breakthrough Starshots? 08:46 How well does China communicate to the public? 11:15 Could we use space junk for 3D printing? 14:02 What do I suggest for aspiring astrophysicists? 17:11 Will there ever be another Grand Tour? 19:47 What determines a planet's orbit? 22:08 Will Blue Origin pick up the pace? 25:02 What if aliens were pure energy? 28:14 Should there be more dark matter inside planets? 29:39 Would alien life be multicellular? Want to be part of the questions show? Ask a short question on any video on my channel. I gather a bunch up each week and answer them here.

In this week's questions show, I explain what would happen if scientists discovered an existential threat to humanity. Would they let us know, or keep it secret to avoid a panic? Could we detect a Breakthrough Starshot fleet coming our way? And how well does China communicate its space exploration to the public? 00:00 Start 00:37 Would they tell us about the end of the world? 03:05 Is the Solar System normal? 05:38 Could we detect Breakthrough Starshots? 08:46 How well does China communicate to the public? 11:15 Could we use space junk for 3D printing? 14:02 What do I suggest for aspiring astrophysicists? 17:11 Will there ever be another Grand Tour? 19:47 What determines a planet's orbit? 22:08 Will Blue Origin pick up the pace? 25:02 What if aliens were pure energy? 28:14 Should there be more dark matter inside planets? 29:39 Would alien life be multicellular? Want to be part of the questions show? Ask a short question on any video on my channel. I gather a bunch up each week and answer them here.

Il progetto Breakthrough Starshot prevede la costruzione di un veicolo spaziale ultraleggero; come una sorta di vela, per viaggiare con una velocità senza precedenti verso il sistema a tre stelle distante 4,37 anni luce. In sintesi, ciò che gli scienziati vogliono fare è lanciare nello spazio delle sonde a propulsione laser, in grado di coprire grandissime distanze in tempi relativamente brevi. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "Just smile" by LiQWYD https://soundcloud.com/liqwyd Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0 Download / Stream: https://hypeddit.com/link/xxtopb ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The 30th episode in a podcast about almost anything! Today's Topics: Monkey Playing Video Games 1:05 Destiny 3:00 Pre Birth 6:30 2nd Amendment 9:07 Sweet Tea 14:50 1st World Problems 16:00 Restrictions 27:30 Unity 41:45 Breakthrough Starshot 43:40 New Microwave 47:10 New York State of Mind 55:35 Psilocybin 1:02:25 Sponsorship 1:05:00 Thank you for joining us!! Don't forget to Like Comment and Subscribe!! Enjoy!!! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Breakthrough Starshot is a theoretical space probe design,  intended to travel deep into the heart of our galaxy at a percentage of  light speed using light itself to propel dozens of nano ships using earth-based high powered lasers.  Scientists are excited for the great knowledge humanity could potentially gain.***CHAPTERS:00:00 Intro/ Breakthrough Starshot02:27 Dynamics of the space craft/ nano tech and lasers04:30 What's to be learned?/ Panspermia? ***LINKS:The Breakthrough Starshot Mission Explained Yuri Milner PanspermiaNASA; "We destroyed the Technology to go back to the Moon" Mapping Dark MatterThe Theory of Everything***CONTACT US:Link TreeSupport the show (https://paypal.me/phase2phase?locale.x=en_US)

In this episode we will explore the bleeding edge of satellite and satellite constellation miniaturization. These awe inspiring craft commonly known as Chipsats, Wafersats, Sprites, Monarchs, Kicksats, Starchips, or even just “Smart Dust” are facilitating the rapid miniaturization of space craft following an exponential trajectory stipulated by Moore's Law, no doubt enabling new incredible possibilities and discoveries just around the corner. We talk about the unique physics and associated challenges that these low-mass vehicles face in space, how incredible engineering is overcoming them, and how the Breakthrough Starshot project will tackle the very difficult problem of sending a spacecraft interstellar to Proxima b. Our guest today is Professor Zachary Manchester, who studied physics and aerospace engineering at Cornell University earning his BS and PHD respectively. Zac undertook his Postdoc at Harvard and became Assistant Professor at Stanford University, and later at Carnegie Mellon University where he now heads the Robotic Exploration Lab. He received critical acclaim for his Kickstarter.com crowdfunded Kicksat project - deploying an armada of chipsats in LEO and has published together with Mason Peck and Avi Loeb and is member of the Breakthrough Starshot Research team, who are working on an interstellar spacecraft mission to Proxima-b. CONTENT 00:02:36 Intro 00:05:51 Inspiring Moments | Working with Professor Mason Peck 00:06:47 What are Femtosats, Attosats, Zeptosats, Yoctosats, Chipsats? 00:11:29 Regulatory Constraints | Collision Risks 00:15:12 Cubesat & Chipsat costs 00:20:00 Most valuable uses cases and applications 00:25:50 Chipsat Communication 00:28:28 Length Scaling 00:32:16 Thermal Equilibration 00:34:12 Attitude Determination and Orbit Control 00:43:36 Bio-inspired Constellation Management 00:53:15 Limits of Miniaturization | Smart Dust 00:56:00 Breakthrough Initiative | Starshot 00:59:45 Starshot Payload 01:07:39 Is Earth going to look like a Death Star? 01:08:59 Nuclear Propulsion 01:15:00 Most advanced Breakthrough Propulsion 01:16:18 The Origins of the Chipsat Idea | Kickstarter Campaign 01:30:42 Next Research Projects 01:35:09 Hard Problems to solve 01:38:58 Science Fiction becomes Science Fact 01:40:20 Why space and why space now?

Professor Dr. Abraham (Avi) Loeb is the Frank B. Baird, Jr., Professor of Science at Harvard University. He joined Harvard University in 1993 as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Astronomy, where he was tenured three years later. Prof. Dr. Loeb received his PhD in plasma physics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel at age 24, led the first international project supported by the Strategic Defense Initiative / "Star Wars" program, and was subsequently a long-term member of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton. Prof. Dr. Loeb has written 8 books, including most recently, Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth, and about 800 papers on a wide range of topics, including black holes, the first stars, the search for extraterrestrial life and the future of the Universe. Prof. Dr. Loeb had been the longest serving Chair of Harvard's Department of Astronomy, Founding Director of Harvard's Black Hole Initiative, and Director of the Institute for Theory and Computation within the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Prof. Dr. Loeb serves as Chair of the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies and is an elected fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the American Physical Society, and the International Academy of Astronautics. Prof. Dr. Loeb is a member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology at the White House and a member of the Advisory Board for "Einstein: Visualize the Impossible" of the Hebrew University. Prof. Dr. Loeb also chairs the Advisory Committee for the Breakthrough Starshot Initiative and serves as the Science Theory Director for all Initiatives of the Breakthrough Prize Foundation. In 2012, TIME magazine selected Prof. Dr. Loeb as one of the 25 most influential people in space and in 2020 he was selected among the 14 most inspiring Israelis of the last decade. 

Guest astrophysicist, Avis Loeb discusses his recent book: 'Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth' which is an openminded theory that the object named Oumuamua that is visiting our solar system may be of Extraterrestrial technological origin. We also discuss Breakthrough Starshot, whose goal is to send a fleet of tiny probes to Alpha Centauri, then Marc D'Antonia joins us for the second hour to add to the discussion. Show Notes

In this week's live Q&A, I talk about the new Space Launch System hot-fire test, how Breakthrough Starshot spacecraft might be able to communicate with home, and what messages would we send to aliens that we might never be able to reach physically. 00:00 Start 02:11 How would Starship chipsats communicate with Earth? 05:00 How far can we ever explore into the Universe? 06:31 Why was the SLS test so short? 08:59 This is why we test. 09:52 What message would we send to aliens we could never visit? 13:52 Is anyone working on a practical artificial gravity? 18:32 Do we know which stars can see Earth transiting? 21:11 How do spacecraft change their trajectories? 23:50 When will LUVOIR launch? 26:24 Why is there a solar cycle? 29:51 Will AI start answering science questions? 32:53 Is a generation ship or seed ship better? 35:25 Are gravitational lenses like telescope lenses? 36:46 Will we hit light speed or wormholes first? 37:49 How prepared are we for a Carrington Event? 40:48 Can we predict gamma ray bursts? 45:52 What are my news sources? 48:41 Do I think there's non-intelligent life out there? 52:56 Would a Europa lander see any life in the surface? Want to be part of the questions show? Ask a short question on any video on my channel. I gather a bunch up each week and answer them here.

In this week's live Q&A, I talk about the new Space Launch System hot-fire test, how Breakthrough Starshot spacecraft might be able to communicate with home, and what messages would we send to aliens that we might never be able to reach physically. 00:00 Start 02:11 How would Starship chipsats communicate with Earth? 05:00 How far can we ever explore into the Universe? 06:31 Why was the SLS test so short? 08:59 This is why we test. 09:52 What message would we send to aliens we could never visit? 13:52 Is anyone working on a practical artificial gravity? 18:32 Do we know which stars can see Earth transiting? 21:11 How do spacecraft change their trajectories? 23:50 When will LUVOIR launch? 26:24 Why is there a solar cycle? 29:51 Will AI start answering science questions? 32:53 Is a generation ship or seed ship better? 35:25 Are gravitational lenses like telescope lenses? 36:46 Will we hit light speed or wormholes first? 37:49 How prepared are we for a Carrington Event? 40:48 Can we predict gamma ray bursts? 45:52 What are my news sources? 48:41 Do I think there's non-intelligent life out there? 52:56 Would a Europa lander see any life in the surface? Want to be part of the questions show? Ask a short question on any video on my channel. I gather a bunch up each week and answer them here.

Welcome to the new style Q&As, which we're now recording every Monday live on my YouTube channel at 5pm Pacific Time. This week we got a lot of great questions about the Proxima Centauri signal, the Fermi Paradox, and Breakthrough Starshot. 00:00:00 Start 00:00:14 Is Starlink portable? 00:01:07 Any thoughts on the Wow signal? 00:03:58 What are magnetars? 00:06:20 Any followup planned on Proxima signal? 00:07:34 My answer to the Fermi Paradox 00:11:50 Why don't neutron stars turn into black holes? 00:13:03 Could Breakthrough Starshot confirm the Oort Cloud? 00:15:07 Can Breaththrough Starshot slow down? 00:20:03 Do other planets have pole stars? 00:20:45 Should we put a telescope out by Neptune or Uranus? 00:23:15 Next rare celestial event 00:26:12 Does Skylon have a future in space exploration? 00:30:35 How will humanity end? 00:33:47 Is Elon Musk a supervillain? 00:35:16 When can regular people do space tourism? 00:38:12 Am I up to date on the Expanse? 00:39:51 SG1 or the Expanse? 00:41:37 Does everything experience gravitational lensing? 00:44:07 What do I think of DALL-E? 00:47:18 Doing space journalism for 21 years 00:48:39 Space assembly of telescopes.

Welcome to the new style Q&As, which we're now recording every Monday live on my YouTube channel at 5pm Pacific Time. This week we got a lot of great questions about the Proxima Centauri signal, the Fermi Paradox, and Breakthrough Starshot. 00:00:00 Start 00:00:14 Is Starlink portable? 00:01:07 Any thoughts on the Wow signal? 00:03:58 What are magnetars? 00:06:20 Any followup planned on Proxima signal? 00:07:34 My answer to the Fermi Paradox 00:11:50 Why don't neutron stars turn into black holes? 00:13:03 Could Breakthrough Starshot confirm the Oort Cloud? 00:15:07 Can Breaththrough Starshot slow down? 00:20:03 Do other planets have pole stars? 00:20:45 Should we put a telescope out by Neptune or Uranus? 00:23:15 Next rare celestial event 00:26:12 Does Skylon have a future in space exploration? 00:30:35 How will humanity end? 00:33:47 Is Elon Musk a supervillain? 00:35:16 When can regular people do space tourism? 00:38:12 Am I up to date on the Expanse? 00:39:51 SG1 or the Expanse? 00:41:37 Does everything experience gravitational lensing? 00:44:07 What do I think of DALL-E? 00:47:18 Doing space journalism for 21 years 00:48:39 Space assembly of telescopes.

Did you know solar sails are different than solar panels? They're these large sheets, thinner than your hair, that can propel spacecraft! How do they work? What missions have used them? Tune in to learn about the amazing engineering behind solar sails! Music from filmmusic.io "Tyrant" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) License: CC BY (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Henna's Sources: “A Brief History of Solar Sails.” NASA, NASA, science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2008/31jul_solarsails. Etherington, Darrell. “Crowdfunded LightSail 2 Spacecraft Succeeds in Flying on Sunlight Alone.” TechCrunch, TechCrunch, 31 July 2019, techcrunch.com/2019/07/31/crowdfunded-lightsail-2-spacecraft-succeeds-in-flying-on-sunlight-alone/. Etherington, Darrell. “Crowdfunded LightSail 2 Spacecraft Succeeds in Flying on Sunlight Alone.” TechCrunch, TechCrunch, 31 July 2019, techcrunch.com/2019/07/31/crowdfunded-lightsail-2-spacecraft-succeeds-in-flying-on-sunlight-alone/. “In Depth.” NASA, NASA, 24 July 2019, solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/mariner-10/in-depth/. Johnson, Les, et al. “Status of Solar Sail Technology Within NASA.” NASA Technical Reports Server, 20 July 2010, ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20100039163. Johnson, Les, et al. “NanoSail-D: A Solar Sail Demonstration Mission.” Acta Astronautica, vol. 68, no. 5-6, 2011, pp. 571–575., doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.02.008. “LightSail.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Sept. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LightSail. “Mars Orbiter Mission.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 Oct. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Orbiter_Mission. “Project Echo.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 25 July 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo. Tsuda, Y., et al. “Flight Status of IKAROS Deep Space Solar Sail Demonstrator.” Acta Astronautica, vol. 69, no. 9-10, 2011, pp. 833–840., doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.06.005. “What Is Solar Sailing?” The Planetary Society, www.planetary.org/articles/what-is-solar-sailing. Anna's Sources: Breakthrough Initiatives, breakthroughinitiatives.org/about. “Breakthrough Starshot.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Nov. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_Starshot. “Dooku's Solar Sailer.” Wookieepedia, starwars.fandom.com/wiki/Dooku's_solar_sailer. Johnson, L., McKenzie, D., & Newmark, J. (2020). The Solar Cruiser Mission Concept — Enabling New Vistas for Heliophysics. Bulletin of the AAS, 52(3). Retrieved from https://baas.aas.org/pub/aas236-106p08-johnson Libretexts. “29.4: Photon Momentum.” Physics LibreTexts, Libretexts, 10 Sept. 2020, phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/Book:_College_Physics_(OpenStax)/29:_Introduction_to_Quantum_Physics/29.04:_Photon_Momentum. Mann, Adam. “What Is a Solar Sail?” Space.com, Space, 3 July 2019, www.space.com/solar-sail.html. Marshall Space Flight Center. “Solar Sail Propulsion.” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 25 Apr. 2005, www.nasa.gov/pdf/134645main_solar_sail_fs.pdf. McAlpine, Jennifer. “How Big Is a Micron?” Benchmark_R_1CWhite, www.bench.com/setting-the-benchmark/how-big-is-a-micron. “NASA Heliophysics.” NASA, NASA, science.nasa.gov/heliophysics. Patel, Prachi. “Solar Sail Spacecraft Could Explore Beyond Solar System.” Space.com, Space, 2 Sept. 2010, www.space.com/9051-solar-sail-spacecraft-explore-solar-system.html. “Photoelectric Effect.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Nov. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect. “Photon.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Nov. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon. The Planetary Society. “How Do Solar Sails Work? Bill Nye Explains.” Youtube, 2 Aug. 2019, www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORQNgKnKVvM. “Quantum.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Oct. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum. “Sailing Basics: 10 Nautical & Sailing Terms To Know.” Discover Boating, www.discoverboating.com/resources/sailing-basics-10-nautical-sailing-terms-to-know. “What Is Solar Sailing?” The Planetary Society, www.planetary.org/articles/what-is-solar-sailing.

Philip Lubin and Breakthrough Starshot. Stephen Hawking's last speeches were often about his gigantic dream project, funded by physichist and billionaire Yuri Milner: The Breakthrough Initiative. It is mindblowing in scope and ambition. Professor Philip Lubin is one of the minds that inspired one part of this initiative: Breakthrough Starshot. This podcast is a collaboration with Nitro studio, Oslo. Theme song: Jan Krey aka Jkreyzy If you feel like supporting, write a review on iTunes! Extra material, and my art, is available for patrons at Patreon.com/runde - special thanks to these 5$ and up patrons: Maren Struksnæs Adrian Kaxrud Berntsen Jo Christiansen Halvor Harnæs Lund Øystein Borgersen Are Edvardsen Maisen Pedersen Kyle Arumugam Kyrre Matias Goksøyr Lars Ivar Igesund Morten F. Thomsen My books (mostly in Norwegian) can be found on www.oysteinrunde.no

It’s four-and-a-quarter light-years to the closest planets beyond the solar system, which orbit the star Proxima Centauri. At the speed of the fastest probe ever launched, it would take about 80,000 years to get there. But one project plans to cover that distance in about 20 years — and not with one probe, but potentially with hundreds. But there’s a catch: Each probe would be the size of a postage stamp. Breakthrough Starshot was established in 2016. Teams of scientists and engineers are studying the challenges of launching such tiny probes. Each one would be powered by a “sail” covering a few square yards. High-powered lasers on Earth would beam light at them. The pressure of the light would accelerate the probes to about 20 percent of the speed of light within hours of launch. A probe would carry everything it needed to conduct its mission, including cameras and its own laser to transmit information to Earth. It would have a thin coating to protect it from collisions with grains of dust. There are lots of challenges to overcome. Today’s lasers are nowhere near powerful enough to propel the probes, for example. And at a large fraction of lightspeed, a probe would have a good view of its target planets for only seconds. If technology continues to improve at its current pace, though, it’s possible that the first probes could be launched in a few decades — zooming toward our closest planetary neighbors. Script by Damond Benningfield   Support McDonald Observatory

Breakthrough Initiatives, the privately-funded space science programs founded by science and technology investor and philanthropist Yuri Milner, are funding a research study into the possibility of primitive life in the clouds of Venus. The study is inspired by the discovery, announced yesterday, of the gas phosphine, considered a potential biosignature, in the planet’s atmosphere. The science team undertaking the research will comprise world-class physicists, astronomers, astrobiologists, chemists and engineers, led by Dr. Sara Seager, Professor of Planetary Science, Physics and Aerospace Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The group will investigate the scientific case for life and analyze the technical challenges of an exploratory mission in the event that such evidence proves compelling. Discovery of phosphine The new paper, from lead author Dr. Jane Greaves of Cardiff University, Dr. Seager and their collaborators, demonstrates the presence of phosphine (PH3) in the Venusian atmosphere via an analysis of millimeter-waveband observations by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile, with additional evidence from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT in Hawai’i). The level of phosphine detected in the clouds of Venus—about 20 parts per billion—is completely unexpected for a gas susceptible to destruction by ultraviolet radiation, either directly or by ultraviolet-induced radicals. This suggests that some process is replenishing the gas. But what process? Phosphine is a “biogenic” chemical: all samples encountered on Earth have been produced by biological or human-made processes requiring considerable energy inputs. Although the precise biological mechanisms generating phosphine are unknown, they are associated with the breakdown of organic matter by bacteria, with the gas being found in oxygen-free environments such as marshlands and swamps, as well as the guts of animals. While the presence of phosphine on Venus may turn out to stem from a non-living process, no such process on a terrestrial planet is currently known to science. “The discovery of phosphine is an exciting development,” said S. Pete Worden, Executive Director of the Breakthrough Initiatives. “We have what could be a biosignature, and a plausible story about how it got there. The next step is to do the basic science needed to thoroughly investigate the evidence and consider how best to confirm and expand on the possibility of life.” “Finding life anywhere beyond Earth would be truly momentous,” said Yuri Milner, founder of the Breakthrough Initiatives. “And if there’s a non-negligible chance that it’s right next door on Venus, exploring that possibility is an urgent priority for our civilization.” “We were stunned to find a molecule in Venus’s atmosphere that could come from organisms,” said Dr. Greaves. “We will continue to monitor and hunt for more clues, to pinpoint where exactly on the planet the phosphine is coming from.” And Dr. Seager commented, “We are thrilled to push the envelope to try to understand what kind of life could exist in the very harsh Venus atmosphere and what further evidence for life a mission to Venus could search for.” Project Leadership Dr. Sara Seager – MIT – Principal Investigator Dr. Janusz Petkowski – MIT – Deputy PI Dr. Chris Carr – Georgia Tech Dr. Bethany Ehlmann – Caltech Dr. David Grinspoon – Planetary Science Institute Dr. Pete Klupar – Breakthrough Initiatives – Chief Engineer The Breakthrough Initiatives are a suite of space science programs investigating the fundamental questions of life in the Universe. In July 2015, together with Stephen Hawking, Yuri Milner announced the launch of the $100 million astronomical program Breakthrough Listen, to reinvigorate the search for extraterrestrial intelligence in the universe; and in April 2016 they launched Breakthrough Starshot, a $100 million research and engineering program seeking to develop a new te...

Siguiendo con la programación veraniega os proponemos en reposición el episodio dedicado a las sondas interestelares rápidas Star Shots, que podrían convertirse en los primeros artefactos humanos en llegar a otro sistema estelar y enviar información desde allí en un plazo de tiempo que permitiría a los mismos hombres que las enviaron recoger esa información.

The #billionairespacerace [2][3][4] is the intense rivalry in NewSpace by recent space entrepreneurs, who entered the space industry as billionaires[citation needed] from other industries, particularly computing.[5][6] This private industry space race of the 21st century involves sending rockets to the ionosphere (mesosphere and thermosphere), orbital launch rockets, and suborbital tourist spaceflights.[7] weki Amongst the billionaires entering into NewSpace are: South-African-Canadian-American billionaire ElonMusk,[3] behind #SpaceX and a project to colonize Mars.[4][1] American billionaire Jeff Bezos, behind #BlueOrigin and establishing a true industrial base in space.[4][2][1] British billionaire Richard Branson,[3] behind Virgin Galactic/Virgin Orbit and space tourism, low-cost small orbital launchers, and intercontinental suborbital transit.[4][2][1] Russian billionaire Yuri Milner, backing the Breakthrough Starshot project for an interstellar probe.[5] --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/vegansteven/message

In this sequel to Carl Sagan’s beloved classic and the companion to the hit television series hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson, the primary author of all the scripts for both this season and the previous season of Cosmos, Ann Druyan explores how science and civilization grew up together. From the emergence of life at deep-sea vents to solar-powered starships sailing through the galaxy, from the Big Bang to the intricacies of intelligence in many life forms, Druyan documents where humanity has been and where it is going, using her unique gift of bringing complex scientific concepts to life. With evocative photographs and vivid illustrations, she recounts momentous discoveries, from the Voyager missions in which she and her husband, Carl Sagan, participated to Cassini-Huygens’s recent insights into Saturn’s moons. This breathtaking sequel to Sagan’s masterpiece explains how we humans can glean a new understanding of consciousness here on Earth and out in the cosmos — again reminding us that our planet is a pale blue dot in an immense universe of possibility. Druyan and Shermer also discuss: how to write a script for a television series her 20 years with Carl Sagan and what their collaboration meant how she dealt with her grief after Carl’s death (and how any of us can deal with such pain) who the Voyager records were really for Breakthrough Starshot science and religion God and morality free will and determinism the hard problem of consciousness the Fermi Paradox (where is everybody?) women in science how we can eventually settle on other worlds, and how to reach the stars … and beyond. Ann Druyan is a celebrated writer and producer who co-authored many bestsellers with her late husband, Carl Sagan. She also famously served as creative director of the Voyager Golden Record, sent into space 40 years ago. Druyan continues her work as an interpreter of the most important scientific discoveries, partnering with NASA and the Planetary Society. She has served as Secretary of the Federation of American Scientists and is a laureate of the International Humanist Academy. Most recently, she received both an Emmy and Peabody Award for her work in conceptualizing and writing National Geographic’s first season of Cosmos. Listen to Science Salon via Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Play Music, Stitcher, iHeartRadio, and TuneIn.

This project was made back in 2016 by the entrepreneur Yuri Milner & Stephen Hawking

On today's program you will hear about interstellar space, the Breakthrough Starshot program and ....... an interview with a wave! Could be good.

In this episode Glenn and Thom discuss the escalating situation regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, the Breakthrough Starshot research program, an ambitious bank heist in 2006 Buenos Aires, and then talk quantum physics.

It's hard to really wrap your mind around the vast distances between stars. The fastest spacecraft ever launched into an interstellar trajectory right now is Voyager 1. If it was directed at the nearest star, it would take tens of thousands of years to make the journey across the interstellar gulf. Even so, groups like Breakthrough Starshot and Icarus Interstellar are working on plans right now to try and send spacecraft to other stars, ideally within our lifetimes. But we can see how quickly technology is advancing all around us, from materials science to high energy physics, not to mention reusable rockets. It seems reasonable to ask, should we invest in an interstellar mission now, or wait a few decades or even centuries for better technology to come along which could make the trip much shorter? Watch Chris Hadfield's video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6woV3encOA Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at https://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at https://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Twitter: https://twitter.com/universetoday Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / frasercain@gmail.com Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - weber.chad@gmail.com References: https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/initiative/3 http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/ http://lifeunbounded.blogspot.com/2010/07/summer-reading.html https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260275150_Interstellar_Travel_-_The_Wait_Calculation_and_the_Incentive_Trap_of_ProgressSupport Universe Today Podcast

It’s hard to really wrap your mind around the vast distances between stars. The fastest spacecraft ever launched into an interstellar trajectory right now is Voyager 1. If it was directed at the nearest star, it would take tens of thousands of years to make the journey across the interstellar gulf. Even so, groups like Breakthrough Starshot and Icarus Interstellar are working on plans right now to try and send spacecraft to other stars, ideally within our lifetimes. But we can see how quickly technology is advancing all around us, from materials science to high energy physics, not to mention reusable rockets. It seems reasonable to ask, should we invest in an interstellar mission now, or wait a few decades or even centuries for better technology to come along which could make the trip much shorter? Watch Chris Hadfield's video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6woV3encOA Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at https://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at https://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Twitter: https://twitter.com/universetoday Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / frasercain@gmail.com Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - weber.chad@gmail.com References: https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/initiative/3 http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/ http://lifeunbounded.blogspot.com/2010/07/summer-reading.html https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260275150InterstellarTravel-TheWaitCalculationandtheIncentiveTrapofProgress

After much procrastination, there's a space agency Downunder. And an Aussie satellite was launched from the ISS to study Earth's thermosphere. PLUS, Breakthrough Starshot aims to achieve 20% of the speed of light and go interstellar; The Kepler Space Telescope revealed weather on an exoplanet.

Where you can travel in space depends on how much propellant you've got on board your rocket and how efficiently you can use it. But there's a source of free propellant right here in the Solar System - the Sun - which is streaming out photons in all directions. You just need to catch them. And right now, the Planetary Society's new LightSail 2 spacecraft is testing out just how well it'll work. Light Sail 2 Photos: http://www.planetary.org/blogs/jason-davis/lightsail-2-team-continues-tweaks-tests.html Episode on Breakthrough Starshot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FWcEtXgK2g&list=PLbJ42wpShvml6Eg22WjWAR-6QUufHFh2v&index=146 Episode on Project Dragonfly https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=598UtgxFd1E&list=PLbJ42wpShvml6Eg22WjWAR-6QUufHFh2v&index=23 Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / frasercain@gmail.com Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - weber.chad@gmail.com References: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-maximum-speed-a-chemical-rocket-can-achieve http://www.planetary.org/blogs/jason-davis/lightsail-2-has-launched.html http://www.planetary.org/blogs/jason-davis/lightsail-2-team-continues-tweaks-tests.html https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2014-4435 https://www.nasa.gov/content/nea-scout https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2018/pdf/1406.pdf http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2017/20170925-solar-sail-dsg.htmlSupport Universe Today Podcast

Kan vi åka i ljusets hastighet än? Det pratar vi om med Mattias Blennow, lektor i teoretisk astropartikelfysik vid KTH. Vi pratar om Breakthrough Starshot med Avi Loeb, professor på Harvard, och så lite hederliga raketmotorer med Li Forsberg på GKN. 

Crowlspace.com blogger and Space expert Adam Crowl is back on the Cold Star Project with Jason Kanigan, and this time we're digging into the Breakthrough Starshot initiative. Many improvements and technologies are planned to result from this proof-of-concept project to send a fleet of lightsail vessels to Alpha Centauri. Each of 100,000 tiny ships will require: Cameras Processors Photon thrusters Battery Protective coating Lightsail. A laser battery will provide the initial thrust. Details: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_Starshot Is it time to discover the hidden challenges and opportunities in your business? Book a call with Cold Star Tech at bit.ly/talktocoldstar

What is Breakthrough Starshot really? Microsoft suing the US Government? Also, thoughts on the R vs K theory, Uber, Prince, and much, much more... Special Guest: N/A Stories of the Week:--Random Access: Google Play Music podcasts, Kindle Oasis, Uber user data, uninstall Quicktime for Windows. --"Breakthrough Starshot" Link: breakthroughinitiatives.org/Initiative/3 Hacksec:--"Microsoft and the Golden Key" Links: reut.rs/22xh9yn, bit.ly/1r3fg15 Important Messages:--”Pi 3 with WiFi a problem? Threema? MagicLeap?” First Choice:--”R/K Selection” Link: bit.ly/1qFSprD, elitedai.ly/18ikg7V The Climax:--"Prince & Chyna" APPENDIX:--"Roberts & Roberts Brokerage" Link: rrbi.co --"CoolTrade" Link: smartmarketshow.com/sovryn--"FreeBSD Operating System" Link: freebsd.org--"SeaMonkey Internet Suite" Link: seamonkey-project.org--”Sovryn Tech Solutions” Link: solutions.zog.ninja --”Libreboot X200” Link: bit.ly/1FI57ew--"Choice Conversations R/K Debunking" Link: zomiaofflinegames.com/gene-wars-iq-a…d-immigration/----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Make easy monthly donations through Patreon: patreon.com/sovryntechAnd you can tip me at: sovryntech.tip.meSovryn Tech is powered by Namecheap! Get a website today with Bitcoin!Donate with Bitcoin! BTC: 1AEiTkWiF8x6yjQbbhoU89vHHMrkzQ7o8d Donate with PayPal! Link: donate.zog.ninjaDonate with our Amazon Wish List! Link: wishlist.zog.ninja----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------You can e-mail the show at: brian@zomiaofflinegames.comAlso on Telegram: @SovrynFollow content updates on Telegram: @DarkAndroidBitMessage: BM-NBMFb4W42CqTaonxApmUji1KNbkSESki ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------You can also visit our IRC channel on Freenode: #SovNetOr just go to: irc.zog.ninja ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------sovryntech.comquitter.no/sovryntwitter.com/sovryntechsteamcommunity.com/id/ninjaprogram

What is Breakthrough Starshot really? Microsoft suing the US Government? Also, thoughts on the R vs K theory, Uber, Prince, and much, much more... Special Guest: N/A Stories of the Week:--Random Access: Google Play Music podcasts, Kindle Oasis, Uber user data, uninstall Quicktime for Windows. --"Breakthrough Starshot" Link: breakthroughinitiatives.org/Initiative/3 Hacksec:--"Microsoft and the Golden Key" Links: reut.rs/22xh9yn, bit.ly/1r3fg15 Important Messages:--”Pi 3 with WiFi a problem? Threema? MagicLeap?” First Choice:--”R/K Selection” Link: bit.ly/1qFSprD, elitedai.ly/18ikg7V The Climax:--"Prince & Chyna" APPENDIX:--"Roberts & Roberts Brokerage" Link: rrbi.co --"CoolTrade" Link: smartmarketshow.com/sovryn--"FreeBSD Operating System" Link: freebsd.org--"SeaMonkey Internet Suite" Link: seamonkey-project.org--”Sovryn Tech Solutions” Link: solutions.zog.ninja --”Libreboot X200” Link: bit.ly/1FI57ew--"Choice Conversations R/K Debunking" Link: zomiaofflinegames.com/gene-wars-iq-a…d-immigration/----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Make easy monthly donations through Patreon: patreon.com/sovryntechAnd you can tip me at: sovryntech.tip.meSovryn Tech is powered by Namecheap! Get a website today with Bitcoin!Donate with Bitcoin! BTC: 1AEiTkWiF8x6yjQbbhoU89vHHMrkzQ7o8d Donate with PayPal! Link: donate.zog.ninjaDonate with our Amazon Wish List! Link: wishlist.zog.ninja----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------You can e-mail the show at: brian@zomiaofflinegames.comAlso on Telegram: @SovrynFollow content updates on Telegram: @DarkAndroidBitMessage: BM-NBMFb4W42CqTaonxApmUji1KNbkSESki ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------You can also visit our IRC channel on Freenode: #SovNetOr just go to: irc.zog.ninja ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------sovryntech.comquitter.no/sovryntwitter.com/sovryntechsteamcommunity.com/id/ninjaprogram

Professor Avi Loeb is one of the hardest working astrophysicists in the field, writing a blistering number of academic papers on fascinating topics like the Fermi Paradox, the habitability of other worlds, black holes, and the history of the early universe. He's also one of the people working on the Breakthrough Starshot project to send tiny probes to other star systems.Support Universe Today Podcast

Professor Avi Loeb is one of the hardest working astrophysicists in the field, writing a blistering number of academic papers on fascinating topics like the Fermi Paradox, the habitability of other worlds, black holes, and the history of the early universe. He's also one of the people working on the Breakthrough Starshot project to send tiny probes to other star systems.

Discover new ways we’re exploring our universe. Bill Nye the Science Guy and comic co-host Iliza Shlesinger answer fan-submitted Cosmic Queries about LightSail 1 and 2, artificial intelligence, Breakthrough StarShot, and much more. NOTE: StarTalk All-Access subscribers can watch or listen to this entire episode commercial-free here: https://www.startalkradio.net/all-access/the-state-of-space-exploration-now-with-bill-nye/ Photo Credit: Josh Spradling / The Planetary Society, via Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License.

Deploy the solar sails and take to the stars! Bill Nye the Science Guy and comic co-host Iliza Schlesinger answer fan-submitted questions about LightSail 1 and 2, space exploration, artificial intelligence, Breakthrough StarShot, and more.NOTE: StarTalk All-Access subscribers can watch or listen to this entire episode commercial-free here: https://www.startalkradio.net/all-access/solar-sailing-with-bill-nye/Photo Credit: Credit: Josh Spradling / The Planetary Society, via Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License.

Deploy the solar sails and take to the stars! Bill Nye the Science Guy and comic co-host Iliza Schlesinger answer fan-submitted questions about LightSail 1 and 2, space exploration, artificial intelligence, Breakthrough StarShot, and more. NOTE: StarTalk All-Access subscribers can watch or listen to this entire episode commercial-free here: https://www.startalkradio.net/all-access/solar-sailing-with-bill-nye/ Photo Credit: Credit: Josh Spradling / The Planetary Society, via Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License.

In this week's live QA, Fraser welcomes futurist Isaac Arthur to talk about a range of topics, from SpaceX to Breakthrough Starshot, and what we think about the state of sci-fi on TV.Support Universe Today Podcast

In this week's live QA, Fraser welcomes futurist Isaac Arthur to talk about a range of topics, from SpaceX to Breakthrough Starshot, and what we think about the state of sci-fi on TV.

Hannah Devlin explores the Breakthrough Starshot Initiative, which aims to use lasers to propel spherical sails to Alpha Centauri - our closest star system - over four light years away

Feature Guest: Gurtina Besla The 14th annual Expanding Canada’s Frontiers symposium was hosted on January 27th, 2017 by the Astronomy and Space Exploration Society, a student group based at the University of Toronto. This year’s unique theme was “What Ifs: Is the Impossible, Possible?”! And now in a special three episode series, we’re joined here at The Star Spot by the event’s keynote speakers as we explore three provocative questions at the cutting edge of astronomy. First up, on today’s episode Dr. Gurtina Besla asks, what if humans are around to witness the awesome collision of the Milky Way with the Andromeda Galaxy? What would that look like and how would it affect life on Earth? Current in Space We always knew life on Earth started soon into the planet's history, but scientists have just set the clock back, and Anuj tells us how unbelievably far back. Then Tony explains how Breakthrough Starshot would design a starship that could travel between stars within a single generation. And while you may have heard about that new exoplanet system with 3 planets in the habitable zone, Dave tells us you won't believe what the sky would look like from the surface! About Our Guest Dr. Gurtina Besla is Assistant Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona and Principal Investigator of the outreach project TIMESTEP. She is part of a number of collaborations, including TiNy Titans, which aims to quantify the role of dwarf interactions and mergers as drivers of galaxy evolution at the low mass end, and also SMASH, which is studying the Magellanic clouds, our Milky Way Galaxy's largest satellite galaxies. Dr. Besla received her PhD from Harvard University.

Stream Episodes on demand from www.bitesz.com or www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com (both mobile friendly) *Discovery of one of the brightest distant galaxies ever seen Astronomers have detected one of the brightest galaxies ever seen in the distant universe. The galaxy known as BG1429+1202 was discovered 11.4 billion light years away – which is some four-fifths of the way back to the beginning of the universe -- thanks to a process known as gravitational lensing. *Trying to understand quantum gravity Cosmologists trying to understand how to unite the two pillars of modern science -- quantum physics and gravity -- have found a new way to make robust predictions about the effect of quantum fluctuations on primordial density waves which are ripples in the fabric of space and time. Scientists have found quantum imprints left on cosmological structures in the very early universe and shed light on what we may expect from a full quantum theory of gravity. *Breakthrough project Astronomers are about to begin a new project to search for planets in our nearest neighbouring star system Alpha Centauri. The new search is part of the Breakthough foundation Initiative funded by Russian physicist Yuri Millner and British scientist Steven Hawking. The foundation is already funding two other major projects -- Breakthrough listen t which is searching for radio signals from extra-terrestrial intelligence and Breakthrough Starshot which is developing a swarm of small spacecraft -- each fitted with a giant sail propelled by lasers -- which will travel to the Alpha Centauri star system. *Japan satellite crash and burn The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency – JAXA -- has lost a scientific satellite when its launch vehicle crashed and burned during accent. Mission managers say all communications were lost after the first stage completed its 31-second engine burn. *Getting started in backyard astronomy A look at entry level astronomy telescopes with Jonathan Nally from Australian Sky and Telescope Magazine. If you're enjoying SpaceTime, please help out by sharing and telling your friends. The best recommendation I can get is one from you. Thank you... #astronomy #space #science #technology #news Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/spacetime. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this weeks episode, we take a look at journeying to our nearest star with the “Breakthrough Starshot” project. We also explore the world of the Strandbeest, wind-walkers and new robotic creatures. Join us every week for another live session filled with all things geek!!! Sharing news, opinions and insider info, as we peer into... Read More

What are the qualities that make a good scientist? What are the qualities that make a good science fiction writer? Those skills do not necessarily overlap, but when they do, they not only can produce wonderful works of speculative fiction based on hard science, but they also can generate exciting new ideas for science research. Our guest on today’s show inhabits both worlds; he is a professional scientist and a well-known science fiction writer. Dr. Gregory Benford is a professor of physics at the University of California, Irvin, where he has been a faculty member since 1971. Benford conducts research in plasma turbulence theory and experiment, and in astrophysics. He has published papers in fields of physics including condensed matter, particle physics, plasmas, mathematical physics, and even in biological conservation and geoengineering. Dr. Benford also is a Nebula Award winning author of over twenty novels, including “Timescape”, “Jupiter Project”, “Artifact”, and “Against Infinity”, and the 6-book “Galactic Center Saga” series.  He also is an advisor on the Breakthrough Starshot project that has the goal to fly a spaceship to the nearest star. Hosts: Joel Parker, Alejandro Soto Producer and Engineer: Joel Parker Executive Producer: Susan Moran Listen to the show:

Philip Lubin and his former student Travis Brashears have had quite a year. Their bold plan to send tiny probes to nearby stars is now supported by NASA and the Breakthrough Starshot $100 million dollar initiative. Hear their amazing story.Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Show notes: What do you do? 5:20 - "The Season 6 finale for 'Game of Thrones' drew the largest audience in the history of the series, with 8.9 million viewers tuning into HBO on Sunday night, according to Nielsen." 17:12 - Who built the pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex? Skilled workers feasting on prime beef? And when? Graham Hancock is the writer whose name Casey was seeking. 21:30 - Five-year plans of China - first plan put in place in 1953; thirteenth plan put in place in 2016 (no apparent hundred-year plan)   Popularity of the name "Millard" in the U.S. over time: Teddy Roosevelt was Assistant Secretary of the Navy between April 19th, 1897 and May 10th, 1898. 12:30 - New Horizons team (pre-cursor to the full-fledged NASA mission) was formed in December 2000, so the mission has been in the works for fifteen-plus years. 13:34 - Breakthrough Starshot (and The Herlihy Boy) 27:30 - "Yo we like a twig in the nile we just flowin'" - Lovely Daze by DJ Jazzy Jeff and Fresh Prince 28:10 - Ken Burns's Stanford commencement speech 37:18 - Obama on same sex marriage; 2008: "I believe that marriage is the union between a man and a woman." (0:03) 2012: "I think same sex couples should be able to get married." (3:04) 38:33 - Mount Rushmore: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln. The average American can name eight presidents, according to this survey. All four "Rushmore" presidents were in the top ten of the most remembered presidents, with the exception of Teddy Roosevelt. 38:43 - Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874) was an American statesman who served as the 13th President of the United States from 1850 to 1853. He was the last Whig president, and the last president not to be affiliated with either the Democratic or Republican parties. Places named after Fillmore: Fillmore, New York; Fillmore County, Minnesota; Fillmore County, Nebraska; Millard County, Utah and its county seat, Fillmore, Utah; Millard Fillmore Elementary School, Moravia, New York; Fillmore Elementary School, Davenport, Iowa; Millard Fillmore Gates Circle Hospital, Buffalo, New York; Millard Fillmore Suburban Hospital, Williamsville, New York; Millard Fillmore Academic Center at the University at Buffalo's Ellicott Complex; Fillmore Glen State Park, New York; Fillmore Park in Alexandria, Minnesota; Fillmore Street and the surrounding neighborhood in San Francisco after which, in turn, the Fillmore Auditoriums were named, both East and West. 40:00 - Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcast, episode 49, "The American Peril" on the Spanish-American War 42:20 - RadioLab podcast episode on American football.  On November 6, 1869, Rutgers and Princeton played what was billed as the first college football game. However, it wasn't until the 1880s that a great rugby player from Yale, Walter Camp, pioneered rules changes that slowly transformed rugby into the new game of American Football. The Spanish–American War was fought in 1898. 45:16 - ISideWith Political Quiz 46:35 - Apollo 13 film was released in 1995. Moon landing conspiracy theories 48:15 - NASA funding as percentage of GDP peaked at 4.41 in 1966. 48:20 - Lyndon B. Johnson's term as President began in 1963 upon John F. Kennedy's assassination. 48:26 - The last flight of an Apollo mission was on December 7th, 1972. 48:40 - Apollo 17 marked the sixth moon landing. 50:40 - Buzz Aldrin supports private sector involvement in space travel. 51:40 - In fiscal year 2015, military spending is projected to account for 54 percent of all federal discretionary spending, a total of $598.5 billion. 52:08 - Particle Fever film 54:00 - Some Earthlings attempt to enumerate international space law via the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs. 57:05 - The United Launch Alliance is, in fact, a joint venture between Boeing and Lockheed. Presidential approval ratings appear to typically go down over the course of the term in office, but what about historical voter satisfaction with the candidate choices? There were twelve manned Apollo missions (1 and 7 through 17). 59:20 - Third party payer systems: "funky" because the direct relationship between buyer and seller is severed. 1:00:05 - Dealing with insurance companies can feel similar as a consumer to dealing with any oligopoly. 1:03:00 - 1:04:15 - Scientific paywalls as a taxpayer double-dip. 1:09:00 - The biotech company Amgen had a team of about 100 scientists trying to reproduce the findings of 53 “landmark” articles in cancer research published by reputable labs in top journals. Only 6 of the 53 studies were reproduced (about 10%). 1:09:20 - John Oliver on scientific research

Everyday Einstein describes the new Breakthrough Starshot initiative which aims to send probes on the first interstellar space mission. Read the full transcript here: http://bit.ly/1VStjTV

Craig Wright, een Australische cryptograaf en entrepreneur beweert de enigmatische Satoshi Nakamoto te zijn. De man achter de beruchte cryptocurrency Bitcoin. Maar in hoeverre kunnen wij hem geloven en hoe baanbrekend is Bitcoin überhaupt? Hiernaast hebben we het ook over het geheimzinnige Magic Leap en worden onze dromen misschien werkelijkheid doormiddel van Breakthrough Starshot! Veel luister plezier! - Oraclez [Muziek] http://noisey.vice.com/nl/blog/debuut-oraclez http://weareoraclez.com - Magic Leap http://motherboard.vice.com/read/magic-leaps-new-augmented-reality-demo-looks-like-google-glass-on-steroids?utm_source=mbtwitter - TED 2016 Void http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35583355 - Breakthrough Starshot http://breakthroughinitiatives.org/Initiative/3 - Zeepcast Breakthrough Listen episode https://soundcloud.com/zeepcast/3-enorme-walkie-talkies-verstopt-in-dark-matter - BBC Craig Wright is Satoshi Nakamoto? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DCAC1j2HTY - The Age of Cryptocurrencies [Boek] http://www.amazon.com/Age-Cryptocurrency-Bitcoin-Challenging-Economic/dp/1250065631 - Everything You Need to Know About Bitcoin: VICE Podcast 027 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNssKmeXrGs - Louis Theroux: My Scientology Movie [Trailer] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIyJOp-tK0k Heb je interessante onderwerpen, feedback of andere dingen die je graag met ons deelt, wij zijn bereikbaar via: Facebook: facebook.com/zeepcast Twitter: @ZeepCast Mail: Sander@Zeepcast.nl & David@Zeepcast.nl Pocket: Pocket@Zeepcast.nl Live Long and Prosper //

The second interplanetary podcast. This month we will be having fun and down to earth chat about: Helen Sharman, Exomars, Laser Propulsion, Falcon 9 and the landing on the barge and BEAM. If you enjoy why not join the BIS at www.bis-space.com the oldest space advocacy organisation in the world. Hosts Matt Russell and Jamie Franklin Episode cover Picture's by "breakthrough starshot" Music Matt Russell Additional Narration George Russell

Get the coffee going, get the tea or a beverage of choice. Get in that comfy chair , settle in and get ready for an exceptional ride tonight. The legend returns: Stan Friedman is here.There is a new initiative put together by Stephen Hawking, the uber rich Yuri Milner and Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg called: Breakthrough Starshot. Essentially what they want to do is put one hundred million dollars behind a project that will launch a robobotic spacecraft at one fifth the speed of light to the Alpha Centauri star system, at a distance of 4.37 light years: or 25 trillion miles. In order to achieve this feat, they will utilize something called a starchip and lightsail. The idea is to propel the craft along by light. The weight of the craft would be less than a piece of paper.

- ¿Pueden existir las estrellas de quarks? - Desacuerdo entre mediciones de la energía oscura. - Breakthrough Starshot: una sonda para viajar a Alfa Centauri. - Carl Zeiss, Abbe y el origen de la óptica moderna.

Topics: Stephen Hawking and the Russian billionaire, Yuri Milner, want to send hundreds of tiny space probes to solar systems around other stars (exactly as Dr. Philip Lubin described to me a few months ago in the December 16, 2015 episode.) The project is called Breakthrough Starshot. Also: a Genetically Modified Mushroom will bypass GMO food rules through a regulatory loophole; IBM's Watson will advise and consult with cancer patients as well as with doctors; a British hospital live-streamed a surgery in virtual reality; insulin-making cells can be efficiently generated according to researchers at the Salk Institute; Blue CareOnDemand (from Blue Cross, Blue Shield) allows smartphone users access to a personal medical consultation with a doctor or nurse 24 hours a day any day of the year, for a price; Windows XP still powers 181 million computers around the world, which means it is more popular than all Apple computers combined. (Wake up, people. XP hasn't been supported for over two years. You are vulnerable to hackers. Upgrade to something.); and a listener email from Joseph. Hosted by Stephen Euin Cobb, this is the April 20, 2016 episode of The Future And You. [Running time: 30 minutes] Stephen Euin Cobb has interviewed over 350 people for his work as an author, futurist, magazine writer, ghostwriter, and award-winning podcaster. A contributing editor for Space and Time Magazine; he has also been a regular contributor for Robot, H+, Grim Couture and Port Iris magazines; and he spent three years as a columnist and contributing editor for Jim Baen's Universe Magazine. For the last ten years he has produced a weekly podcast, The Future And You, which explores (through interviews, panel discussions and commentary) all the ways the future will be different from today. He is an artist, essayist, game designer, transhumanist, and is on the Advisory Board of The Lifeboat Foundation. Stephen is the author of an ebook about the future entitled: Indistinguishable from Magic: Predictions of Revolutionary Future Science.

  Diesmal: Jodeln – Tiefseeastronomie (mehr davon) – Breakthrough Starshot – Boaty McBoatface – Wortstellungsfehler – Antigermanismus – Teilchenphysik – Alles super bei den Sciencebusters – Die Erdrotationsachse wandert – Strom aus Urin – Haut mit Haaren – Nörgelnde Patienten – Grammatikpedanten – Übergroße Spinnen – Mobilfunk als Regenmesser Florian unterstützen? Hier klicken!

Semana 2 – Un rayo láser gigante hacia tu estrella más cercana / Después de un titubeo, volvemos con los temas de ciencia más jugosos de esta semana (y la anterior). Un cohete reusable, la conexión entre el virus del zika y la microcefalia y un arrecife de coral en Colombia que sufrirá por acuerdos de paz son las notas cortas, pero el tema fuerte es el proyecto de exploración espacial Breakthrough Starshot, que Stephen Hawking, Yuri Milner y Mark Zuckerberg anunciaron recientemente. ¿Qué les parecería llegar a Alpha Centauri en menos de 30 años? No suena nada mal. Desmenucemos este proyecto. Acompañen a Rodrigo Pacheco y Víctor Hernández a platicar sobre estos temas en este episodio de Historias Cienciacionales: el podcast. Nota: Para cuando publicamos este podcast, la votación para nombrar al bote de la NERC ha cerrado, y Boaty McBoatFace terminó en primer lugar. Veamos si hacen caso al clamor popular. Menú: Intro - 00:00 Cohete reusable - 01:01 Virus del Zika y microcefalia - 06:23 Arrecife de coral en Colombia - 11:31 Proyecto Starshot – 17:06 Bonus: El nombre de un nuevo buque de exploración antártica – 44:42 Música: Intro: Jazzy French de bensound.com Notas cortas: Instar (Instrumental) by Robin Allender que está licenciada bajo una Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License. Tema principal: Passage of Time (Duet) by Martijn de Boer (NiGiD) (c) 2016 Licenciada bajo una licencia Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial (3.0): http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/NiGiD/52856 Ft: Doxent Zsigmond Fragmentos de video tomados de Youtube Este podcast es producido independientemente desde un lugar no determinado de la Ciudad de México. Conductores: Rodrigo Pacheco Víctor Hernández Edición: Víctor Hernández

En este episodio 54 de El Gato de Turing, si hay algo que destaca es la gran semana que ha tenido Elon Musk con Tesla y SpaceX. Además, tenemos noticias de WhatsApp, Skype, cohetes chinos y nanonaves a Alfa Centauri. ¡Esperamos que os guste! Tecnología Tesla: Mi experiencia con mi Tesla Model S: de sentirte un rockstar al duro baño de realidad – https://hipertextual.com/2016/04/tesla-model-s-experiencia-opinion El Tesla Model 3 se acerca a las 400.000 reservas – https://forococheselectricos.com/2016/04/el-tesla-model-3-se-acerca-las-400-000-reservas.html Tesla incluye un limitador de prestaciones en su nueva actualización – https://forococheselectricos.com/2016/04/tesla-incluye-un-limitador-de-prestaciones-en-su-nueva-actualizacion.html Presentado el nuevo Tesla Model S – https://forococheselectricos.com/2016/04/presentado-el-nuevo-tesla-model-s.html Según el presidente de FIAT, podrían hacer un coche como el Model 3 en 12 meses, pero no quieren – https://forococheselectricos.com/2016/04/segun-el-presidente-de-fiat-podrian-hacer-un-coche-como-el-model-3-en-12-meses-pero-no-quieren.html Cómo funciona el cifrado extremo a extremo de Whatsapp y qué implicaciones tiene para la privacidad – https://www.xataka.com/seguridad/como-funciona-el-cifrado-extremo-a-extremo-de-whatsapp-y-que-implicaciones-tiene-para-la-privacidad Por qué odio WhatsApp y me gusta Telegram – https://www.engadget.com/es-2016-04-13-por-que-odio-whatsapp-y-me-gusta-telegram.html Una empresa de demoliciones tira abajo la casa incorrecta y culpa a Google Maps del error (y no es la única) – https://www.genbeta.com/web/una-empresa-de-demoliciones-tira-abajo-la-casa-incorrecta-y-culpa-a-google-maps-del-errorSkype Web ya no necesitará plugins en Edge: Chrome y Firefox los siguientes en la lista – https://www.genbeta.com/actualidad/skype-web-ya-no-necesitara-plugins-en-edge-chrome-y-firefox-los-siguientes-en-la-lista Espacio y otras ciencias Electrónica en los petahercios – http://francis.naukas.com/2016/04/13/electronica-en-los-petahercios/ Intel retires “tick-tock” development model, extending the life of each process – https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/03/intel-retires-tick-tock-development-model-extending-the-life-of-each-process/ El gran cohete Larga Marcha CZ-9, el SLS chino – http://danielmarin.naukas.com/2016/04/17/el-cohete-larga-marcha-cz-9-el-sls-chino/Breakthrough Starshot: una sonda para viajar a Alfa Centauri en 20 años (o qué es una nanovela láser) – http://danielmarin.naukas.com/2016/04/12/breakthrough-starshot-una-sonda-para-viajar-a-alfa-centauri-en-20-anos-o-que-es-una-nanovela-laser/SpaceX: el largo camino para hacer aterrizar un cohete en medio del océano – http://danielmarin.naukas.com/2016/04/11/spacex-el-largo-camino-para-hacer-aterrizar-un-cohete-en-medio-del-oceano/ Podéis encontrarnos en Twitter y en Facebook!

Fraudulently Issued Parking Tickets, Ukulele Practice, A New Podcast, Splitting Up Roy's Rocket Radio..., Shout Outs, The Horus Box, Doctor Who: The Mind Robber, The Walking Dead Season 6 Season Finale, The Magicians, Gotham: Wrath of the Villains, The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 2, Suicide Squad, Rogue One, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, Star Wars: The Force Awakens, Torrent Clients, Win 3.11, The Panama Papers, IRC and ICB, Breakthrough Starshot

News: Fraudulently Issued Parking Tickets, Ukulele Practice, A New Podcast, Splitting Up Roy's Rocket Radio..., Shout Outs, Writing: The Horus Box, TV: Doctor Who: The Mind Robber (1968), The Walking Dead Season 6 Season Finale (2016), The Magicians (2015-Present), Gotham: Wrath of the Villains (2016), Movies: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 2 (2015), Suicide Squad (2016), Rogue One (2016), Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2016), Technology: Torrent Clients, Win 3.11, The Panama Papers, IRC and ICB, Breakthrough Starshot

News: Fraudulently Issued Parking Tickets, Ukulele Practice, A New Podcast, Splitting Up Roy's Rocket Radio..., Shout Outs, Writing: The Horus Box, TV: Doctor Who: The Mind Robber (1968), The Walking Dead Season 6 Season Finale (2016), The Magicians (2015-Present), Gotham: Wrath of the Villains (2016), Movies: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 2 (2015), Suicide Squad (2016), Rogue One (2016), Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2016), Technology: Torrent Clients, Win 3.11, The Panama Papers, IRC and ICB, Breakthrough Starshot

V tomto podcaste budeme hovoriť o vyhlásení, ktoré vydali Hawking a Milner o pláne cesty k iným hviezdam a o pláne NASA týkajúcom sa nafukovacích vesmírnych staníc. TémyZdroje Intro Hawking a Milner oznámili 'Breakthrough Starshot' Nafukovacie vesmírne stanice Fakt a fikcia Outro Internet Investor and Science Philanthropist Yuri Milner & Physicist Stephen Hawking Announce Breakthrough Starshot Project to Develop 100 Million Mile per Hour Mission to the Stars within a Generation Yuri Milner and Stephen Hawking Announce Breakthrough Starshot, a new space exploration initiative, at One World Observatory $100-Million Plan Will Send Probes to the Nearest Star NASA Is Finally Sending a Hotel Magnate’s Inflatable Habitat to the ISS Predictable evolution toward flightlessness in volant island birds Palaeolithic paintings: Evolution of prehistoric cave art A Solar Cell That Is Triggered by Sun and Rain

John Derby and Travis Spencer discuss their personal histories of cereal use. Then they cover trending topics including (6:54) Chariot for Women, (10:29) 72 Year old woman survives 9 days on pond water, (12.15) the Textalyzer, (14:31) Han Solo's Jacket, and (16:08) Breakthrough Starshot. Jesse McIntosh (19:11) pumps a future sponsor. From the failed athlete's perspective (20:34) they talk all things Steph and the Warriors. John delivers the Facebook World News, and BL5000 analyzes the history of Kellogg's (24:15). Deb Loftis has monkey problems(27:29).  Finally, Audrey V. never got to do the minstrel show. #dhtphtg Music by: Z-trip feat. Murs and Supernatural, Melody Sheep, DJ Yoda feat Biz Markee, PierrotheMoon

This week Russian internet billionaire Yuri Milner announced a project to send tiny spaceships to Alpha Centauri. Milner, alongside Stephen Hawking, announced a $100 million project to develop and launch a cloud of spaceships with sails. They'll be powered by giant lasers based on earth, and will fly at one fifth the speed of light. The Breakthrough Starshot project sounds like science fiction - Adam is joined by Professor Andrew Coates from UCL's Mullard Space Science Laboratory to sort the feasible from the fantasy. Space travel is expensive. Scientists and engineers met recently to discuss a way of making it cheaper. Sending men back to the moon to mine it may sound like a hugely costly process, but as reporter Roland Pease discovers, when it comes to future space missions, it might become an essential part of the process. Closer to home than the moon is a section of the atmosphere called the thermosphere that is poorly understood. A European project called QB50 plans to change this, by sending 50 small satellites, known as CubeSats, into orbit this summer. Most of them will sport sensors that can probe the properties of the upper atmosphere. The group building these sensors is led by UCL's Mullard Space Science Laboratory, which will build 14 spectrometers. These will analyse the relative proportions of different types of particles in the thermosphere. Marnie Chesterton finds out how scientists cope with the challenge of building their gadgets smaller and lighter. Many listeners wrote in after a recent piece on solar panels. We had queries about how to store the electricity, and whether PV panels are worth the energetic cost of producing them and what units to use. We put all these questions to Jenny Nelson, Professor of Physics at Imperial College and author of 'The Physics of Solar Cells.'.