Podcasts about Cardiac arrest

We get that from Dr Thoraiya Kanafani as we discuss celebrating pacing your peaks and trusting your own path. Dubai Health's Dr Sara Kazim shares what's in place to ensure safety of crowds celebrating New Year's Eve in the city. We also discuss how common heart diseases and cardiac arrest are among teens following the tragic death of a 17-year-old student in Sharjah. Hollie Mayes guides us on how to declutter properly, especially when emotions are hindering you. And are experiential gifts better presents for kids?See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Marion Moseby-Knappe talks about a prospective, international, observational biomarker study, within the Targeted Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM2) trial, to compare four markers of brain injury for the prediction of functional outcome in patients after cardiac arrest using assays that can be analysed on clinically available equipment.Click here to read the full article: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(25)00363-7/fulltextContinue this conversation on social!Follow us today at...https://thelancet.bsky.social/https://instagram.com/thelancetgrouphttps://facebook.com/thelancetmedicaljournalhttps://linkedIn.com/company/the-lancethttps://youtube.com/thelancettv

We are joined by Kurt Bramer from Advanced CPR Solutions again this week to continue the series on Heads Up CPR and other promising sudden cardiac arrest treatments. He and Dr. Joe Holley kicked off the discussion in two previous episodes. Elevated CPR Series Episode One Elevated CPR Series Episdoe Two We open this week’s episode with a holiday severe weather update from our disaster meteorologist, Dan DePodwin. He reports on several storm systems that will impact Thanksgiving holiday travel across the eastern half of the country. Following that update, we kick off episode 3 of our heads-up CPR series with a look at the long history of the evolutionary changes to cardiac arrest treatment. Kurt Bramer from Advanced CPR Solutions leads off with a response to some comments to the first two episodes in this series. A few listeners worried that we might sound like we were criticizing the individual responders on cardiac arrest calls over the low survival rates for the condition. The team made a joint statement that no criticism of providers in the field was intended. We all are providers ourselves and are merely commenting on the results that everyone has been getting in response to treating cardiac arrest. Some systems do better with resource management than others, but even those areas fail to save even a simple majority of their cardiac arrest patients. CARES Registry for Cardiac Arrest Stats Follow up on more of these segments as we continue to look at the current research trends in future episodes and what is on the horizon for the future. The episode was co-hosted by Sam Bradley and Jamie Davis. Scroll down for Podcast Discussion Summary Thank you as always to Paragon Medical Education Group for their long-term support of the Disaster Podcast. Dr. Joe Holley and the team at Paragon continue to provide excellent and customized disaster response training to jurisdictions around the U.S. and internationally as well. Podcast Discussion Summary CPR Challenges and Future Improvements The meeting began with a discussion about travel weather for the Thanksgiving weekend, with Dan DePodwin warning of widespread lake effect snow in the eastern United States and a potential ground blizzard in the Dakotas and Minnesota. The group then transitioned to their main topic, CPR, where Joe clarified that their previous discussion about CPR’s limitations was not meant to criticize CPR providers, but rather to highlight the challenges and lack of progress in the field over the past 50 years. They planned to explore potential improvements to CPR in future episodes. Advancements in CPR Techniques Kurt Bramer, with 40 years of experience in EMS and emergency management, discussed the history of CPR, highlighting its evolution from mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to modern techniques. He emphasized the need for better tools and more effective methods for emergency responders, as current practices are often based on outdated or insufficiently tested techniques. The group acknowledged that while responders are doing their best with limited tools, recent research may lead to positive changes in CPR practices. They also touched on the introduction of high-performance CPR in the 2010s, which aimed to maximize the effectiveness of current technologies and minimize detrimental pauses during resuscitation efforts. Mechanical CPR Guidelines Review The discussion focused on the American Heart Association’s recent guidelines regarding mechanical CPR, which recommend against routine use but allow for exceptions like transport scenarios. Kurt and Joe highlighted that the guidelines lump together different types of mechanical compressors, ignoring their unique physiological effects and training limitations. They emphasized that current research primarily focuses on patient survival as an endpoint, which may not fully capture the benefits of mechanical CPR, such as improved blood flow and reduced pauses during resuscitation. The conversation also touched on the importance of considering neurological outcomes beyond mere survival and the need for better training on integrating mechanical devices into overall cardiac arrest management. Bundle Care Approach in Resuscitation The group discussed the bundle of care approach in resuscitation, focusing on the use of multiple therapies simultaneously to improve patient outcomes. Kurt and Joe highlighted the success of the ITD (Impedance Threshold Device) when used with high-quality CPR, leading to a 50% increase in one-year survival. They also noted that only a small percentage of resuscitation guidelines are supported by randomized control trials, emphasizing the challenges in interpreting research data. The group discussed the importance of disaster preparedness and the role of specialized training, with Jamie highlighting the sponsorship of the Disaster Podcast by Paragon Medical Education Group. Catch the full episode using the player above or on your favorite podcast platform, and don't forget to subscribe to the Disaster Podcast for weekly insights from leaders in disaster response and research!

This is your morning All Local update for November 27,2025.

Accidental hypothermia is one of the Hs in ACLS's reversible H&T cause of cardiac arrest.Hypothermic patients aren't dead until they are warm and dead.As the body's temperature drops below 36° C, hypothermia may be classified as moderate or severe.Modifying the ACLS Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm for patients with severe hypothermia.Following the ACLS algorithm for patients with a body core temperature above 30° C.Methods for rewarming patients with moderate vs severe hypothermia.Continuation of CPR and ACLS efforts until the patient's body core temp is above 36° C.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://nationaldrugcard.com/ndc3506/Pass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

For The Other Side NDE Videos Visit ️ youtube.com/@TheOtherSideNDEYT Purchase our book on Amazon The Other Side: Stories From the Afterlife https://a.co/d/23Bbbsa  Mark's early years were marked by sensitivity and a sense of not belonging. But when his body failed, he was shown something far greater—a vision of connection beyond fear and judgment. Through that encounter, he learned that every moment, even pain, holds purpose. Decades later, he still carries the message he was given: love is what brings us home. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Review of Tablets & Toxins as an ACLS H &T reversible causes of cardiac arrest with some specific, commonly encountered examples.The majority of toxins don't have a specific antidote. There are a few toxins for which we have emergency interventions and ACLS providers should be familiar with.Reviewing the patient's medical history for indicators that may lead us to suspect a tablet/toxin cause of cardiac arrest.Administration of Narcan for suspected narcotics overdose following the Opioid Associated Emergency algorithm.Other common ACLS Tablet Toxin scenarios with possible treatments.Medications commonly used to treat specific toxins that are regularly stocked on crash carts or carried in EMS med bags.ACLS providers that suspect a specific toxin should consult with their Pharmacy or call Poison Control for treatment directions.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://nationaldrugcard.com/ndc3506/Pass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn Poison Myths and Misconceptions on The Pharmacists Voice podcast:https://www.thepharmacistsvoice.com/podcast/poison-myths-and-misconceptions-discussion-part-1-of-5-with-angel-bivens-rph-and-wendy-stephan-phd/

Dr Chris Flannigan talking about Intubation in a Paediatric Cardiac Arrest. This talk is part of the Paediatric Emergencies 2025 event. To get your CME certificate for watching the video please visit https://www.paediatricemergencies.com/conference/paediatric-emergencies-2025/ #PaediatricEmergencies #PaediatricEmergencies2025 #Intubation

Thu, Nov 13 5:03 PM → 5:20 PM cardiac arrest Radio Systems: - Hennepin County MN East Armer

Hydrogen ions is on one of the Hs in ACLS's H&T reversible causes of cardiac arrest. When considering hydrogen ions as a cause, what we're looking at is the patient's pH, or acid/base balance, and conditions that affect it.The body's normal pH.Using patient history, ABGs, & labs to determine acidosis or alkalosis.Common conditions/causes that may lead us to suspect acidosis.Common conditions/causes that may lead us to suspect alkalosis.Correcting acidosis by changing the rate of ventilations.The indications, dose, and considerations for use of Sodium Bicarbonate.Treatment of alkalosis.Other podcasts that cover acid/base balance and conditions that cause acidosis or alkalosis can be found on the Pod Resource Page at PassACLS.com.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

BLS & ACLS's Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm makes it easier to act as team leader during a code by following an If/Then methodology.Review of BLS steps for determining if rescue breathing or CPR is needed and use of an AED for patients in cardiac arrest.If the patient is in a non-shockable rhythm on the ECG such as PEA or asystole, we will go down the right side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.If the patient is in a shockable rhythm on the ECG such as V-Fib or V-Tach, we will go down the left side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.An example of a code's flow for shockable rhythms when an antiarrhythmic such as Amiodarone or Lidocaine is administered.We will follow the algorithm until the patient has ROSC or we call the code.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Show notes at pharmacyjoe.com/episode1077. In this episode, I'll discuss the AHA/NCS scientific statement on critical care management of patients after cardiac arrest. The post 1077: Sedation and Analgesia Statements From the AHA/NCS Scientific Statement on Critical Care Management of Patients After Cardiac Arrest appeared first on Pharmacy Joe.

This week on Health Matters, we return to Courtney Allison's conversation with sports cardiologist Dr. Sonia Tolani, who explains how exercise changes the heart. These changes are easy to see in elite athletes, Dr. Tolani gives a behind-the-scenes look at the screening process for athletes to ensure their safety in high-level competition. She also describes how teams can prepare for emergency response, and the life-saving measures that everyone should know when it comes to caring for our hearts. ___Dr. Sonia Tolani received her medical degree with honors from New York University School of Medicine. She completed her internship, medical residency and her fellowship in cardiovascular medicine at Columbia University Medical Center in New York City. Dr. Tolani's areas of expertise include consultative cardiology, preventative medicine and women's heart disease including the treatment of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. She is board-certified in Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Echocardiography. Dr. Tolani is the co-Director of the Columbia Women's Heart Center, a unique program focusing on providing state of the art treatment and preventative care to women of all ages. In addition to her clinical work, Dr. Tolani is also working on developing digital tools to better educate health care providers about heart disease in women and to improve heart disease awareness in women globally.___Health Matters is your weekly dose of health and wellness information, from the leading experts. Join host Courtney Allison to get news you can use in your own life. New episodes drop each Wednesday.If you are looking for practical health tips and trustworthy information from world-class doctors and medical experts you will enjoy listening to Health Matters. Health Matters was created to share stories of science, care, and wellness that are happening every day at NewYork-Presbyterian, one of the nation's most comprehensive, integrated academic healthcare systems. In keeping with NewYork-Presbyterian's long legacy of medical breakthroughs and innovation, Health Matters features the latest news, insights, and health tips from our trusted experts; inspiring first-hand accounts from patients and caregivers; and updates on the latest research and innovations in patient care, all in collaboration with our renowned medical schools, Columbia and Weill Cornell Medicine.To learn more visit: https://healthmatters.nyp.org

Right on the heels of the release of the 2025 AHA guidelines, including one on preferentially using IVs over IOs, comes two RCTs in the same edition of NEJM that compare intial attempts with IVs to IOs in out of hospital cardiac arrest. Dr Jarvis discusses these two papers while answer a listeners question, and tries to put this, and early epinephrine, into context. And he might throw in some commentary about the AHA's recommendations on mCPR and Heads Up CPR.Citations:1. Couper K, Ji C, Deakin CD, et al. A Randomized Trial of Drug Route in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(4):336-348. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa24077802. Vallentin MF, Granfeldt A, Klitgaard TL, et al. Intraosseous or Intravenous Vascular Access for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(4):349-360. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2407616

The causes, physiology, signs & symptoms, and treatment of cardiac tamponade as an ACLS H&T reversible cause of cardiac arrest.When blood, or other fluids, accumulate in the sac around the heart it's called a cardiac tamponade or pericardial tamponade.The effects of tamponade on the electrical system and chambers of the heart.Cardiac tamponade can be acute or chronic and caused by traumatic, iatrogenic, or pathological etiologies.Common traumatic events, medical procedures, and diseases that can result in a pericardial tamponade.Signs & symptoms of cardiac tamponade.Treatment of cardiac tamponade with pericardiocentesis.For additional information on cardiac tamponade, check out the Pod Resources page at PassACLS.com.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

At first, it looked like age catching up with former police chief Rick Young: confusion, fatigue, a flutter in the chest. No one suspected that the woman he had trusted for decades was quietly planning his death. This week on Pathology with Dr. Priya, a Zone 7 series, Sheryl McCollum and Dr. Priya Banerjee discuss the case of Marcy Oglesby, who, over several months, secretly mixed over-the-counter eye drops into Young's food and drinks. When his body was later discovered inside a storage unit, toxicology revealed lethal levels of tetrahydrozoline, the active ingredient in common eye drops. Dr. Priya explains how this drug attacks the cardiovascular system, why it is almost undetectable without targeted testing, and what makes poisonings like this so difficult to identify until it's far too late. Highlights (0:00) Welcome to Pathology with Dr. Priya: A Zone 7 series—Sheryl McCollum introduces the Marcy Oglesby case and the death of retired Police Chief Richard “Rick” Young (0:45) How Oglesby slowly poisoned her partner with tetrahydrozoline-laced food and drinks (2:15) Dr. Priya explains why eye-drop poisonings are rare and absent from most toxicology panels (6:00) Early symptoms: numbness, confusion, fluctuating blood pressure, and blue lips (8:00) Why doctors might miss the signs of tetrahydrozoline poisoning and attribute symptoms to age or heart disease (10:00) The estimated lethal dose and how even a small mouthful can cause heart-block death (13:45) Trust, dependency, and opportunity: the dynamics that let the poisoning continue undetected (20:30) What Rick Young likely endured in his final days: chest pain, dizziness, and slow suffocation (25:45) Closing reflections and Dr. Priya’s reminder that every case is a lesson About the Hosts Dr. Priya Banerjee is a board-certified forensic pathologist with extensive experience in death investigation, clinical forensics, and courtroom testimony. A graduate of Johns Hopkins, she served for over a decade as Rhode Island’s state medical examiner and now runs a private forensic pathology practice. Her work includes military deaths, NSA cases, and high-profile investigations. Dr. Priya has also been featured as a forensic expert on platforms such as CrimeOnline and Crime Stories with Nancy Grace. She is a dedicated educator, animal lover, and proud mom. Website: anchorforensicpathology.comTwitter/X: @Autopsy_MD Sheryl McCollum is an Emmy Award–winning CSI, a writer for CrimeOnline, and the Forensic and Crime Scene Expert for Crime Stories with Nancy Grace. She works as a CSI for a metro Atlanta Police Department and is the co-author of the textbook Cold Case: Pathways to Justice. Sheryl is also the founder and director of the Cold Case Investigative Research Institute (CCIRI), a nationally recognized nonprofit that brings together universities, law enforcement, and experts to help solve unsolved homicides, missing persons cases, and kidnappings. Email: coldcase2004@gmail.comTwitter/X: @ColdCaseTipsFacebook: @sheryl.mccollumInstagram: @officialzone7podcast

Host Bram Duffee explores research on epinephrine's role in traumatic cardiac arrest. The discussion features a trauma surgeon and researcher from a Level 1 trauma center who explains why epinephrine may not only lack benefit but could cause harm in trauma cases like car crashes or gunshot wounds. Drawing from a six-year study across seven trauma centers involving over 1,600 patients, the findings challenge current EMS protocols by highlighting differences in outcomes between blunt and penetrating trauma. Bram also shares resources on EMS research and innovative communication techniques for emergency patients, offering valuable tools for practitioners and instructors alike. Brought to you by Stetta Sleeves. http://www.stettasleeves.com

Stephanie C. DeMasi, MD, joins CHEST® Journal Podcast Moderator, Matt Siuba, DO, MS, to discuss her research comparing neurologic outcomes between lower and higher oxygen saturation targets following cardiac arrest.  DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2025.04.027 Disclaimer: The purpose of this activity is to expand the reach of CHEST content through awareness, critique, and discussion. All articles have undergone peer review for methodologic rigor and audience relevance. Any views asserted are those of the speakers and are not endorsed by CHEST. Listeners should be aware that speakers' opinions may vary and are advised to read the full corresponding journal article(s) for complete context. This content should not be used as a basis for medical advice or treatment, nor should it substitute the judgment used by clinicians in the practice of evidence-based medicine. 

Send us a textA metal building. A humid morning. A partner workout with his teenage son. Then silence. Jeff Luther's heart flatlined, the AED fired three times, and eight minutes later he came back with a vow: die living instead of live dying. What follows isn't a hero montage. It's a human one—fear, bitterness, an ARVC diagnosis that punishes exertion, and a divorce that lands just as he's relearning how to trust his body.We walk through the messy middle: the taste of near-death that lingers, the implanted defibrillator that both protects and unnerves, and the hard truth Jeff discovered when time was measured in heartbeats. He didn't want more money or medals. He wanted a hand on his arm and his son within reach. That clarity becomes a compass. Gratitude stops being a platitude and starts working like a switch—crowding out despair with small, specific thanks. From there, he designs a new way to move: low-adrenaline training, no music, no cheering, and a coach who agrees to watch the clock and call the ambulance if needed.The breakthrough is quiet and real. Mid-workout, Jeff quits—fully. His coach asks for 30 seconds just to end on a win. He tries. Nothing breaks. He tries again. He finishes the session in 30-second intervals, and a life philosophy takes shape: success isn't a finish line, it's the action you take today. Put on your shoes. Show up. Work for 30 seconds. Rest. Repeat. Along the way we talk about CrossFit community, cardiac arrest survival, ARVC-safe exercise, the psychology of fear, and why better questions—how is today treating you—build stronger connections than small talk ever could.If this story resonates, follow and share it with someone who needs a small win today. Subscribe for more conversations about resilience, purpose, and practical courage, and leave a review to help others find the show. What's the next 30 seconds you're willing to take?Jeffluther.comIG – allcan_nocant Support the show

In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Pradyumna J. Oak. Dr. Oak is a Senior Neurologist and Director of Neurology at Nanavati Super Speciality Hospital, Mumbai. His extensive experience in stroke management and neurocritical care makes him a perfect expert to speak on brain stroke. Vikas & Dr. Oak discussed causes, diagnosis, risk factors, important tests, and primary and secondary prevention.Here are some key takeaways: Blockages in blood vessels supplying blood to the brain may lead to a brain stroke. It is different from a heart attack or cardiac arrest.Diabetes, hypertension, Obesity, smoking, and use of tobacco are the major risk factors that contribute to a brain stroke.Statins may help stabilize the plaque and reduce LDL cholesterol levels.Brain stroke can happen due to occlusion (blockage) in arteries or hemorrhage(rupture) of blood vessels. A person experiencing a Transient Ischemic Attack might have difficulty speaking. Unfortunately, in the symptoms of a brain stroke, there is no pain. Running and other endurance activities may help condition your heart and even keep your baseline heart rate in check.A well planned workout program is helpful in mitigation of similar issues including a condition such as brain stroke.About Vikas Singh:Vikas Singh, an MBA from Chicago Booth, worked at Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, APGlobale, and Reliance before coming up with the idea of democratizing fitness knowledge and helping beginners get on a fitness journey. Vikas is an avid long-distance runner, building fitpage to help people learn, train, and move better.For more information on Vikas, or to leave any feedback and requests, you can reach out to him via the channels below:Instagram: @vikas_singhhLinkedIn: Vikas SinghTwitter: @vikashsingh101Subscribe To Our Newsletter For Weekly Nuggets of Knowledge!

Today, we're diving into one of the most challenging scenarios any EMS provider faces: paediatric cardiac arrest. The figures are challenging, with only a 4.9% survival rate for infants and neurologically intact survival rates as low as 1-4% nationally. These calls have long been considered to have poor outcomes.But what if I told you that one fire department completely rewrote the playbook and achieved neurologically intact survival rates of 46%? What if they did it by breaking conventional rules and staying on scene longer, not shorter?Today, we're joined by Medical Director Paul Banerjee from Polk County Fire Rescue in Florida, where they've transformed paediatric cardiac arrest outcomes through changing the protocols that challenge everything we thought we knew about pre-hospital resuscitation. From their "NO/NO/GO" dispatch system to permissive hypercarbia post-intubation, from mechanical CPR to aggressive on-scene airway management, Polk County has proven that with the right approach, we can dramatically improve outcomes in this patient cohort. *** Please note, this podcast is for information purposes only. You must stay within your scope and remit of practice and service SOPs at all times ***This podcast is sponsored by BlueRoomXRWhen lives are on the line, training needs to feel real. That's where BlueRoom comes in, the world's most advanced mixed-reality training simulator. No bulky controllers or gimmicks, just your hands, your kit, and a level of immersion that places you straight into the mission. From the cockpit of a Blackhawk to the chaos of a combat zone, BlueRoom delivers pressure-filled environments without real-world risk.With Mission Control, instructors can shift conditions, change patient vitals, and dial up intensity instantly. And thanks to Garmin biometrics, the system even responds to your physiology in real time, adapting as your stress and heart rate rise.Born in Australia and now trusted across five continents, BlueRoom is redefining readiness for military, medical, and frontline professionals. This isn't the future of training; it's training transformed.

Our CCEMSA pediatric cardiac arrest specific protocol has been updated be more streamlined and comprehensive with an emphasis on incorporating high performance CPR, as well as quite a few other changes backed by the latest data on how to achieve the favorable outcomes we all are hoping for! Join us as we walk through this updated protocol with Dr. Miranda Lewis.    

Tips for ACLS providers to consider when evaluating hypoxia as a possible cause of cardiac arrest and what we can do to correct it.Determining hypoxia using a pulse oximeter or arterial blood gasses (ABGs).A goal of ACLS is to recognize signs of hypoxia and provide timely treatment to prevent an arrest.Examples of some things that might lead us to think of hypoxia as a cause of cardiac arrest.Why pulse ox doesn't give accurate readings during CPR.Delivering ventilations with near 100% oxygen concentration using a BVM attached to supplemental O2 and a reservoir.Using end tidal waveform capnography to assess the quality of CPR.Changes to ventilation rates, tidal volume, and O2 concentration affects a patient's oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH. The danger of excessive ventilation of a patient in cardiac arrest.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

When to give the first dose of epinephrine, its route, repeat frequency, & maximum dose following ACLS's Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.Epinephrine is the first IV medication we administer to patients in cardiac arrest.When we give the first dose of epinephrine depends on whether the patient is in a shockable or non-shockable rhythm.When to give the first dose of epinephrine and its frequency for patients in asystole or PEA following the right side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.When to give the first dose of epi and its frequency for patients in V-Fib or pulseless V-Tach following the left side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.Example chronology of events for a scenario where a patient is found unresponsive with only gasping/agonal breathing.Administration of epi via the IO or endotracheal route in the absence of an IV.The maximum cumulative dose of epinephrine that can be administered to patients in cardiac arrest.When do we stop administering epinephrine.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Review the Asystole/PEA side of the Cardiac Arrest algorithm including: epinephrine administration, advanced airways, causes of PEA, and when to stop.For apneic patients without a carotid pulse or patients with only gasping/agonal respirations, we will follow the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.For pulseless patients that the AED doesn't advise a shock, the patient's ECG shows asystole, or a non-perfusing organized rhythm (PEA), we will follow the right side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.Initial steps are aimed at delivery of high-quality CPR to keep the brain and vital organs alive.Epinephrine administration.Placement of an advanced airway.Considering possible reversible H & T causes of cardiac arrest including three common causes of PEA and their emergent interventions.When we should discontinue resuscitation efforts and call the code.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Review of hypovolemia as a reversible H&T cause of cardiac arrest including: causes, signs & symptoms, and treatment with crystalloid solutions or blood.When a patient loses excessive amounts of fluids, we say that they are in a state of hypovolemia.The most obvious cause of hypovolemia is from bleeding.Bleeding can be internal or external and caused by trauma, pathology, or iatrogenic.Classic signs & symptoms of hypovolemic shock.Volume replacement with crystalloids vs blood.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

The first ten minutes of a cardiac arrest are the most critical. We have updated our cardia arrest protocol to incorporate high performance CPR, as well as quite a few other changes backed by the latest data on how to achieve the favorable outcomes we all are hoping for! Join us as we walk through this updated protocol with Dr. Miranda Lewis.    

Taylor Davis, Director of Communications for Greenville County EMS (MedCom), talks about her recent Letter to the Editor for the Journal of Emergency Dispatch about her agency's 84 CPR saves in 2024. She also covers what it's like to work there, the goals they're currently working toward, and how to improve center culture overall.For Your Information: Read Taylor's Letter to the Editor here: https://www.iaedjournal.org/letter-to-the-editor Greenville County's official government website: https://www.greenvillecounty.org/

Hypothermic patients aren't dead until they are warm and dead.When a patient's core body temperature drops below 96.8° F (36° C), they are hypothermic.As the body's temperature drops below 36° C, hypothermia may further be classified as moderate or severe.Modifying the ACLS Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm for patients with severe hypothermia.Following the ACLS algorithm for patients with a body core temperature above 30° C.Methods for rewarming patients with moderate vs severe hypothermia.Continuation of CPR and ACLS efforts until the patient's body core temp is above 36° C.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Review of Tablets & Toxins as an ACLS H &T reversible causes of cardiac arrest with some specific, commonly encountered examples.As an ACLS provider you do not need to be familiar with all of the different signs of various types of poisoning. You should be able to obtain a history and know to order toxicology.The majority of toxins don't have a specific antidote. There are a few toxins for which we have emergency interventions and ACLS providers should be familiar with.Reviewing the patient's medical history for indicators that may lead us to suspect a tablet/toxin cause of cardiac arrest.Administration of Narcan for suspected narcotics overdose following the Opioid Associated Emergency algorithm.Other common ACLS Tablet Toxin scenarios with possible treatments.Medications commonly used to treat specific toxins that are regularly stocked on crash carts or carried in EMS med bags.ACLS providers that suspect a specific toxin should consult with their Pharmacy or call Poison Control for treatment directions.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn Poison Myths and Misconceptions on The Pharmacists Voice podcast: https://www.thepharmacistsvoice.com/podcast/poison-myths-and-misconceptions-discussion-part-1-of-5-with-angel-bivens-rph-and-wendy-stephan-phd/Updated guidance for resuscitation of patients with cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, and refractory shock due to poisoning: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001161

Discover the inspiring story behind "You Make My Heart Giggle" with author Brent John Larson as he shares his journey from a life-changing cardiac arrest to publishing his heartfelt book. Learn how family wisdom, historical lessons, and the support of Elite Online Publishing turned his personal mission into an international bestseller.In this episode, you'll hear about:- The life event that motivated Brent to write his book- How family sayings and "dadisms" inspired the book's unique content- Brent's decade-long writing and self-publishing journey- Effective marketing strategies, including word of mouth and social mediaBrent's advice for aspiring authors and what's next for his writing career

A pregnant woman goes into cardiac arrest while chasing her dog–then God sent help and saved her life. AND A boy who survived a shark attack shares that Jesus was there with him on that day. To see videos and photos referenced in this episode, visit GodUpdates! https://www.godtube.com/blog/pregnant-woman-saved-after-chasing-dog.html https://www.godtube.com/blog/boy-survived-shark-attack-credits-faith.html Discover more Christian podcasts at lifeaudio.com and inquire about advertising opportunities at lifeaudio.com/contact-us.

Hydrogen ions is on one of the Hs in ACLS's H&T reversible causes of cardiac arrest. When considering hydrogen ions as a cause, what we're looking at is the patient's pH, or acid/base balance, and conditions that affect it.The body's normal pH.Using patient history, ABGs, & labs to determine acidosis or alkalosis.Common conditions/causes that may lead us to suspect acidosis.Common conditions/causes that may lead us to suspect alkalosis.Correcting acidosis by changing the rate of ventilations.The indications, dose, and considerations for use of Sodium Bicarbonate.Treatment of alkalosis depends on the type (metabolic or respiratory) and is aimed at correcting the underlying cause.Other podcasts that cover acid/base balance and conditions that cause acidosis or alkalosis can be found on the Pod Resource Page at PassACLS.com.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

BLS & ACLS's Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm makes it easier to act as team leader during a code by following an If/Then methodology.Review of BLS steps for determining if rescue breathing or CPR is needed and use of an AED for patients in cardiac arrest.If the patient is in a non-shockable rhythm on the ECG such as PEA or asystole, we will go down the right side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.If the patient is in a shockable rhythm on the ECG such as V-Fib or V-Tach, we will go down the left side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.An example of a code's flow for shockable rhythms when an antiarrhythmic such as Amiodarone or Lidocaine is administered.We will follow the algorithm until the patient has ROSC or we call the code.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Welcome to another episode of the Legal Nurse Podcast, where medical expertise meets legal insight. In this episode, hosts Pat Iyer and Mary Beth Kerstein delve into a high-stakes clinical topic: sudden, unexpected cardiac arrest within hospital settings. Drawing from her extensive experience as a legal nurse consultant, Mary Beth shares the complexities of analyzing these critical cases—covering everything from medical record reviews and personal injury investigations to expert witness testimony. Pat and Mary Beth unpack the chain of events leading up to a Code Blue, discussing not only the medical triggers behind cardiac arrest—like heart attacks, respiratory compromise, and electrolyte imbalances—but also the vital roles played by different healthcare professionals during these emergencies. They offer invaluable guidance on how attorneys and legal nurse consultants can evaluate documentation, identify key providers, and spot possible gaps in nursing care, communication, or performance that could impact patient outcomes and litigation. This conversation gives you an in-depth look into the intersection of healthcare crisis management and legal scrutiny. Tune in for expert analysis, practical tips, and real-world stories that shine a light on both the moments of cardiac arrest response and the meticulous investigation that follows. What you'll learn in this episode on Cardiac Arrest in Hospitals: What Attorneys and Legal Nurses Need to Know Check out this podcast to get these answers: What are the common causes of a sudden, unexpected cardiac arrest in a hospital setting? Who typically responds to a Code Blue event, and what roles do they play during the resuscitation process? What medical record documents and details are crucial for attorneys and legal nurse consultants to review after a cardiac arrest event? What performance and communication issues can arise among healthcare staff, such as between nursing assistants and registered nurses, that might contribute to a patient's deterioration before cardiac arrest? How do hospitals ensure staff are prepared for cardiac arrest situations, and what training or mock code practices are discussed to maintain readiness? Listen to our podcasts or watch them using our app, Expert.edu, available at legalnursebusiness.com/expertedu. Get the free transcripts and also learn about other ways to subscribe. Go to Legal Nurse Podcasts subscribe options by using this short link: http://LNC.tips/subscribepodcast. Grow Your LNC Business 12th LNC SUCCESS® ONLINE CONFERENCE November 13, 14 & 15, 2025 Gain Specialized Skills That Attorneys Value Learn advanced techniques in deposition analysis, case screening, and report writing to provide high-impact services that attorneys need and trust. Stay Competitive with Cutting-Edge Strategies Discover how AI tools, LinkedIn marketing, and expert insights can help you streamline your workflow, attract more clients, and position yourself as a top-tier LNC. Build Meaningful Connections with Experts & Peers Network with experienced LNCs, attorneys, and industry leaders who can provide guidance, referrals, and opportunities to grow your legal nurse consulting business. Register now- Limited spots available Your Presenters for Cardiac Arrest in Hospitals: What Attorneys and Legal Nurses Need to Know Mary Beth Kerstein Nurse, Wife, and Proud Parent of Two Sons...Mary Beth is clinically active within the hospital setting working nights on a telemetry/medical-surgical unit in addition to providing legal nurse consulting services. She has extensive experience summarizing the medical records of clients injured in traumatic events such as motor vehicle collisions, falls, and work-related incidents.When she is not on this podcast, she is working at the hospital, working on summarizing medical records, or enjoying time with her family.

The causes, physiology, signs & symptoms, and treatment of cardiac tamponade as an ACLS H&T reversible cause of cardiac arrest.When blood, or other fluids, accumulate in the sac around the heart it's called a cardiac tamponade or pericardial tamponade.The effects of tamponade on the electrical system and chambers of the heart.Cardiac tamponade can be acute or chronic and caused by traumatic, iatrogenic, or pathological etiologies.Common traumatic events, medical procedures, and diseases that can result in a pericardial tamponade.Signs & symptoms of cardiac tamponade.Treatment of cardiac tamponade with pericardiocentesis.For additional information on cardiac tamponade, check out the Pod Resources page at PassACLS.com.**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.I hope you'll consider contributing.Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer! Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylorTHANK YOU for your support! Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/savePass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Paranormal Insight with Tim Sudano welcomes Lee Hatfield Date: August 21st, 2025 Segment: 40 Topic: Paranormal Experiences About Lee Hatfield -A Brit now living in Ottawa, Canada. He served in the RAF, Fire Service and as a Paramedic before moving to Canada, where he now works for local Government His first Real paranormal experience was as a paramedic in England, attending a patient who was in Cardiac Arrest, and his colleague who was not his usual work buddy was a medium. During the Cardiac arrest he told Lee the patient was standing behind him, and was telling him that it was ok to stop doing CPR. He and two others, Logan and Valter created SIPA back in March 2024, after experiencing non motivated teams, so they decided to join forces. He has been hosting SIPA paranormal Chronicles since Feb 2025, and in his opinion, it has been going from Strength to strength

This episode delivers a high-impact overview of maternal cardiac arrest—a rare but profoundly challenging emergency that demands rapid intervention and seamless multidisciplinary teamwork. Listeners will learn about the recognizable causes, unique pregnancy physiology, and critical modifications for resuscitation, including when to implement perimortem cesarean delivery. The discussion highlights the anesthesia provider's leadership role, the value of simulation training, and actionable strategies to improve outcomes for both mother and baby. Whether in anesthesia, obstetrics, or nursing, this episode provides concise, evidence-based insights to prepare you for one of the highest-stakes situations in clinical practice.⚛️ CONNECT:

In the CA story, the test-takers WERE given consideration for the lost time but it was done LATER. After a lot of wrangling. https://www.lehtoslaw.com

Hypoxia is a state of low oxygen levels in the blood.Determining hypoxia using a pulse oximeter or arterial blood gasses (ABGs).A goal of ACLS is to recognize signs of hypoxia and provide timely treatment to prevent an arrest.Examples of some things that might lead us to think of hypoxia as a cause of cardiac arrest.Why we should not rely on pulse ox to give accurate readings during CPR.Delivering ventilations with near 100% oxygen concentration using a BVM attached to supplemental O2 and a reservoir.Using end tidal waveform capnography to assess the quality of CPR.Changes to ventilation rates, tidal volume, and O2 concentration affects a patient's oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH. The danger of excessive ventilation of a patient in cardiac arrest.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Practice ECG rhythms at Dialed Medics - https://dialedmedics.com/Free Prescription Discount Card - Download your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vipPass ACLS Web Site - Episode archives & other ACLS-related podcasts: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Cardiac arrest during the BAR exam, should they have stopped the test? Hour 4 08/04/2025 full 1952 Mon, 04 Aug 2025 22:34:50 +0000 dO2Ze2Skp9WFtQ4aYXfePPMOs1ZSCtRo kansas city,kmbz,dana and parks,news & politics,news The Dana & Parks Podcast kansas city,kmbz,dana and parks,news & politics,news Cardiac arrest during the BAR exam, should they have stopped the test? Hour 4 08/04/2025 You wanted it... Now here it is! Listen to each hour of the Dana & Parks Show whenever and wherever you want! © 2025 Audacy, Inc. News & Politics News False http

Lakers guard Bronny James reveals DEVASTATING HEALTH CONCERN 2 years after suffering CARDIAC ARREST!

When working to resuscitate a patient in sudden cardiac arrest, Epinephrine is the first IV medication we administer.When we give the first dose of epinephrine depends on whether the patient is in a shockable or non-shockable rhythm.When to give the first dose of epinephrine and its frequency for patients in asystole or PEA following the right side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.When to give the first dose of epi and its frequency for patients in V-Fib or pulseless V-Tach following the left side of the Adult Cardiac Arrest algorithm.Example chronology of events for a scenario where a patient is found unresponsive with only gasping/agonal breathing. Administration of epi via the IO or endotracheal route in the absence of an IV.The maximum cumulative dose of epinephrine that can be administered to patients in cardiac arrest.When do we stop administering epinephrine.Good luck with your ACLS class!Links: Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor Practice ECG rhythms at Dialed Medics - https://dialedmedics.com/Free Prescription Discount Card - Download your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vipPass ACLS Web Site - Episode archives & other ACLS-related podcasts: https://passacls.com@Pass-ACLS-Podcast on LinkedIn

Have feedback or a topic you want to hear about, let us know by sending us a direct message!Welcome back to another heartfelt and hilarious episode of The KarWell Chronicles! This week, we're joined by our beloved friend Dayle—whose story of survival, resilience, humor, and entrepreneurship will leave you both inspired and entertained. From “taking a 3-minute breather” (yes, actual cardiac arrest!) to starting a thriving small business as a mom of two, Dayle shares her journey of overcoming adversity, building community, and redefining success—with a few near-crying moments and endless laughs along the way.We talk friendship dynamics, mental health, motherhood, personal growth, and the ups and downs of choosing your own path—whether that means running 100 events a year or learning to slow down and savor family time. Expect raw honesty, relatable chaos, and genuine advice for anyone craving a fulfilling career, meaningful connections, or just reassurance that you don't have to do it all—or do it alone.If you're a mom, entrepreneur, friend, or someone looking for encouragement, this episode is for you. Don't forget to comment if you want a part two with ALL the dramatic stories!

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BREAKING: Wrestling Legend Hulk Hogan DEAD at 71 after going into CARDIAC ARREST!

This is a pretty special episode! If you're involved in cardiac arrest management or care of critically unwell patients then there's some ground breaking practice we'll be discussing with the two founders of the SPEAR course; Jon Barratt; Lt Col, British Army Emergency Medicine and PHEM Consultant, University Hospitals of the North Midlands Clinical Lead - Research and Clinical Innovation, Yorkshire Air Ambulance MERIT Consultant, West Midlands Ambulance Service Senior Lecturer, Academic Department of Military Emergency Medicine Paul Rees; Surgeon Commander Royal Navy Consultant, East Anglian Air Ambulance & Barts Heart Centre Lead for Resuscitation Barts Health NHS Trust Reader in Cardiology & Resuscitation, University of St Andrews & QMUL London Defence Lead for Endovascular Resuscitation SPEAR co-founder Ultimately in the episode we navigate through to the delivery of endovascular resuscitation both pre and in-hospital, building on the fundamentals of care and logistics which enable its delivery. We'll be covering; Blood pressure monitoring both invasive and non-invasive, the evidence and the cohort of patients we should be targeting with invasive blood pressure monitoring Delivering complex medical interventions in unpredictable circumstances and environments Balancing the benefits of interventions with time required and workflow REBOA for medical arrests, the theory and the ERICA trial Improving recognition of ROSC The SPEAR course How to prepare services and departments for upcoming advances in resuscitation There is something for everyone in here and a huge thanks to Jon and Paul for their time. Make sure to check out the links to the papers discussed in the episode below. Once again we'd love to hear any thoughts or feedback either on the website or via X @TheResusRoom! Simon, Rob & James

The 2017 NEJM study, ALPS, compared amiodarone, lidocaine, and placebo for refractory shockable rhythms in adults with out of hospital cardiac arrest. They found no significant difference in survival to hospital discharge or functional survival between any of the arms. If that study has left you confused, you're not alone. And you're in luck. Tanner Smida joins us again to discuss his latest paper using something called target trial emulation to assess the difference in ROSC and survival to discharge between amiodarone and lidocaine. This is a great discussion of his paper, the methodology, and how we can put his results into the context of ALPS.Citations:1.Smida T, Crowe R, Price BS, Scheidler J, Martin PS, Shukis M, Bardes J: A retrospective ‘target trial emulation' comparing amiodarone and lidocaine for adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2025;March;208:110515.2. Kudenchuk PJ, Brown SP, Daya M, Rea T, Nichol G, Morrison LJ, Leroux B, Vaillancourt C, Wittwer L, Callaway CW, et al.: Amiodarone, Lidocaine, or Placebo in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med. 2016;May 5;374(18):1711–22.3.Hernán MA, Robins JM: Using Big Data to Emulate a Target Trial When a Randomized Trial Is Not Available: Table 1. Am J Epidemiol. 2016;April 15;183(8):758–64.