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4 episodes with courtiers
4 episodes with courtiers
4 episodes with courtiers
41 episodes with courtiers
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4 episodes with courtiers
19 episodes with courtiers
2 episodes with courtiers
Marc Jaffré joins Jana Byars for a lively conversation about The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610- 1643 (Oxford University Press, 2025). Louis XIII's court has long been a feature of the popular imaginary, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas' novel The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterised as weak, unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Louis XIII. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc Jaffré here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, across its very wide range of active participants, from courtiers, financiers, merchants, to lower-ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis' reign: the delegitimizing role of Cardinal Richelieu minister-favourite; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the transformative rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern and pre-Louis XIV French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history
Communication à caractère publicitaire, destinée aux conseillers en gestion de patrimoine et courtiers en assurance.Les supports en unités de compte présentent un risque de perte en capital partielle ou totale dépendant en particulier de l'évolution des marchés financiers et/ou immobiliers.Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.
Marc Jaffré joins Jana Byars for a lively conversation about The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610- 1643 (Oxford University Press, 2025). Louis XIII's court has long been a feature of the popular imaginary, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas' novel The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterised as weak, unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Louis XIII. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc Jaffré here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, across its very wide range of active participants, from courtiers, financiers, merchants, to lower-ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis' reign: the delegitimizing role of Cardinal Richelieu minister-favourite; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the transformative rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern and pre-Louis XIV French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network
Marc Jaffré joins Jana Byars for a lively conversation about The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610- 1643 (Oxford University Press, 2025). Louis XIII's court has long been a feature of the popular imaginary, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas' novel The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterised as weak, unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Louis XIII. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc Jaffré here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, across its very wide range of active participants, from courtiers, financiers, merchants, to lower-ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis' reign: the delegitimizing role of Cardinal Richelieu minister-favourite; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the transformative rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern and pre-Louis XIV French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies
Marc Jaffré joins Jana Byars for a lively conversation about The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610- 1643 (Oxford University Press, 2025). Louis XIII's court has long been a feature of the popular imaginary, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas' novel The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterised as weak, unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Louis XIII. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc Jaffré here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, across its very wide range of active participants, from courtiers, financiers, merchants, to lower-ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis' reign: the delegitimizing role of Cardinal Richelieu minister-favourite; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the transformative rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern and pre-Louis XIV French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/french-studies
Marc Jaffré joins Jana Byars for a lively conversation about The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610- 1643 (Oxford University Press, 2025). Louis XIII's court has long been a feature of the popular imaginary, thanks in part to the many movie and TV adaptations of Alexandre Dumas' novel The Three Musketeers. Yet it remains misunderstood, commonly mischaracterised as weak, unimportant, or wholly subservient to the whims of Louis XIII. Seeking to correct this narrative, Marc Jaffré here offers a comprehensive analysis of the court's institutional, political, social, cultural, ceremonial, and financial development, across its very wide range of active participants, from courtiers, financiers, merchants, to lower-ranking household members. The close study engages with the key issues of Louis' reign: the delegitimizing role of Cardinal Richelieu minister-favourite; the turbulent family dynamics that led Louis to wage wars against his mother, his brother, and his cousins; the backdrop of war, both with the Huguenots and within the context of the Thirty Years War; and the transformative rise of salon culture. In so doing, the court is shown to be a central, vibrant, and misunderstood element of early modern and pre-Louis XIV French history and culture. Courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers, among others, are shown to have played key roles in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of the court, and Louis XIII's reign more generally. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII's court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically.
In Which Various of the Queen's Courtiers are Resurrected and Another is Interred
Il y a les livreurs de pizzas, de fleurs, de colis, de repas... et puis il y avait les livreurs de rêves...les « courtiers du loto »... Ils ont sillonné les routes de France pour distribuer des espoirs de fortune : « grilles de loto gagnantes », « Tac-O-Tac », « Millionnaire », « Banco »... Aujourd'hui, leur métier est voué à disparaître, mais pas leur histoire ! Pour nous la raconter, nous recevons Mikaël Cabon, auteur du livre « Courtiers du Loto » paru aux éditions Autrement. Ecoutez C'est ça la France avec Vincent Perrot du 26 avril 2025.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.
Entretien avec les frères Paquet qui sont à la tête du groupe DOJOS D'ARTS MARTIAUX avec leur père! Une affaire de famille, rondement menée par des gens qui ont les deux pieds sur terre et qui ont fait leur devoir en tant qu'hommes d'affaires. Une discussion très enrichissante!Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!°°°POUR NOUS SOUTENIR SUR PATREONhttp://www.patreon.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR FACEBOOKhttp://www.facebook.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR INSTAGRAMhttp://www.instagram.com/guerrierpodcasthttp://www.instagram.com/warriorpodca...ABONNE-TOI À NOTRE CHAÎNE YOUTUBE ANGLOPHONEhttps://youtube.com/channel/UCsOUwnsI... Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
It's April Fools' Day, and while I've already covered Tudor court jesters like Will Somer and Jane the Fool, today we're talking about Tudor fools—people who made shockingly bad decisions that led to their downfall. The Tudor court was full of ambitious, reckless, and sometimes downright foolish courtiers. Some miscalculated their power, others defied the monarch, and some just had terrible luck. Let's look at some of the worst blunders in Tudor history! People covered: Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham Thomas Culpeper & Francis Dereham Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey Thomas Seymour Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex Lady Katherine Grey & Lady Margaret Douglas Catherine Howard & Jane Boleyn Who do you think made the worst mistake? Were these courtiers fools, or just unlucky? Thanks for listening, and see you in the next podcast! Find out about Tudor Court Fools, William Somer and Jane the Fool, here - https://youtu.be/nyy_ZaBsqps #TudorHistory #AprilFools #TudorFools #HistoryFails #TudorCourt #HenryVIII #ElizabethI #CatherineHoward #AnneBoleyn #RoyalDrama #HistoryLover #TudorMonarchy #HistoricalMistakes #16thCentury #TudorIntrigue #RoyalScandal
Entretien avec l'auteur et cinéaste Jules Falardeau. On parlent de son livre Du sang, de la sueur et des larmes: 200 ans d'histoire de la boxe au Québec. Une oeuvre qui retracent les grands canadiens-français et Québécois ayant marqué le noble art.Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes! Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
Nous recevons Antoine Routhier, fondateur d'UBEE, une plateforme de courtage immobilier au modèle d'affaires inspiré d'UBER. Son objectif ? Réduire les commissions pour les acheteurs.Mais cette initiative ne fait pas l'unanimité. Deux plateformes populaires s'opposent à UBEE, l'accusant de voler les données des utilisateurs. Dans cette entrevue, Antoine répond à ces accusations et dévoile les coulisses de son association avec des entrepreneurs influents du Québec.Bonne écouteQu'est ce qu'on mange ? Du Pizza Salvaltoré, utilisé le code promo YSP pour recevoir 10% sur votre commande en ligne sur le site web ou sur l'application mobile.Êtes-vous à la recherche d'un complet ? Middlemen.ca est la pour vous pour des complets prêt-à-porter pour toute occasions. Visitez le 8815 ave du Parc à Montréal. 00:04:04 - Qui est Antoine Routhier ?00:08:00 - J'ai eu une vision dans le courtage00:13:20 - Comment UBEE fonctionne ?00:18:45 - Pourquoi les courtiers sont contre son modèle d'affaires ?00:25:00 - Comment Erik et les Abbatiello se sont joins au projet00:31:00 - Est-ce le courtage commercial est en faveur ou contre ?00:36:20 - Faites-vous du vol de données ? 00:43:00 - GoCaza la plateforme qui à échoué 00:47:00 - Les groupes facebook de courtier qui parlent de nous00:54:30 - La vérité qui fait MAL 00:58:00 - les premières stats suite au LANCEMENT
Entretien avec la jeune karatéka Zia Ouellet et son papa Kent! Pratiquante depuis l'âge de 2 ans elle suit les traces de son père dans l'enseignement des arts martiaux et se dirige maintenant vers le Championnat Canadien à Vancouver!Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes! Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
Entretien avec Denis Gauthier, Shihan, 6e dan en Shotokan et ceinture noire en Can-Ryu Jiu Jitsu.On explore un parcours discret mais important en Outaouais pour des centaines de pratiquants depuis deux décennies. On parle d'enseignement, d'intervention auprès des jeunes en difficultés et on en apprends plus sur le Chanbara!!Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes! Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
New Castle County Councilman Kevin Caneco joins Rob in the bunker to talk about his path into Delaware politics as a transplant, how he got so interested in land use and why it really matters, and the challenges and benefits of being an insurgent candidate.Show Notes:Battling the PrinceMore on Kevin Caneco
#Pub Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.
Entretien avec la Famille Dalton et leur maman! On fait plus ample connaissance avec Alexanne, William, Danick et Cassandra Guilbault aka Les Dalton! Une famille de karatékas atypique qui nous partage leur parcours marqué par la neurodivergence et les ennuis de santé du patriarche. Une belle leçon de solidarité humaine!Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!°°°POUR NOUS SOUTENIR SUR PATREONhttp://www.patreon.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR FACEBOOKhttp://www.facebook.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR INSTAGRAMhttp://www.instagram.com/guerrierpodcasthttp://www.instagram.com/warriorpodca...ABONNE-TOI À NOTRE CHAÎNE ANGLOPHONEhttps://youtube.com/channel/UCsOUwnsI... Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
Pierre Gagnon, Coutier en assurance de dommages chez Burrowes, parle des incendies en Californie et de leurs impacts sur les primes d'assurance jusqu'au Québec. Il répond aussi à la question : est-il possible de mettre en place un registre d'assurances accessible pour les contrôleurs routiers? Le taux d'accidents parmi les entreprises de camionnage contribue à... The post Pierre Gagnon de Burrowes Courtiers d'Assurances discute assurances et camionnage appeared first on Truck Stop Québec.
Entretien avec David Beaulieu, un jeune champion du monde co-propriétaire de Karaté Sunfuki Blainville. Une discussion rafraichissante sur les défis d'un enseignant, l'importance de la tradition et les secrets d'un champion.Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!°°°POUR NOUS SOUTENIR SUR PATREONhttp://www.patreon.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR FACEBOOKhttp://www.facebook.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR INSTAGRAMhttp://www.instagram.com/guerrierpodcasthttp://www.instagram.com/warriorpodca...ABONNE-TOI À NOTRE CHAÎNE ANGLOPHONEhttps://youtube.com/channel/UCsOUwnsI... Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
Entretien enregistré en direct de Albufeira au Portugal, lors du plus récent Championnat du Monde Wkc! Nous recevons cette fois-ci 4 jeunes combattants et certains de leurs parents, pour discuter de leur expérience au Championnat du Monde, leur parcours en arts martiaux et les défis et sacrifices nécessaires pour atteindre les plus hauts niveaux!!Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!°°°POUR NOUS SOUTENIR SUR PATREONhttp://www.patreon.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR FACEBOOKhttp://www.facebook.com/guerrierpodcastPOUR NOUS SUIVRE SUR INSTAGRAMhttp://www.instagram.com/guerrierpodcasthttp://www.instagram.com/warriorpodca...ABONNE-TOI À NOTRE CHAÎNE ANGLOPHONEhttps://youtube.com/channel/UCsOUwnsI... Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.
Lion Électrique obtient un sursis de deux semaines de la part de ses créanciers. Un résultat mitigé pour le vendredi fou. Toujours plus de pratiques déloyales et de mensonges parmi les courtiers immobiliers québécois… Discussion économique avec Francis Gosselin, économiste. Pour de l'information concernant l'utilisation de vos données personnelles - https://omnystudio.com/policies/listener/fr
Entretien enregistré en direct du Portugal lors du Championnat du Monde Wkc 2024. Nous recevons Kaylianne et Gabrielle, deux athlètes du dojo Karaté Sunfuki de Lachute. Elles sont accompagnées de Jessica, la mère de Gabrielle et Allison, la grande soeur de Kaylianne. Nous discutons: De leurs mésaventures de voyage Voyage en famille Objectifs personnels en compétition La différence entre le karaté et la gymnastique en compétition Un épisode plein de candeur et de fous rires!Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!
Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.
Entretien avec un pratiquant versatile: Philippe Gaspard!! On discute de ses 20 années de pratique martiale du judo au Kyokushin en passant par le Kung Fu qui fit son style principale jusqu'à maintenant ou il pratique le Kenpo chez Sunfuki Buckingham! Nous abordons aussi le développement de sa chaîne Youtube dans laquelle il créé des histoires d'épouvante grâce aux nouvelles technologies.Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!
Écoutez Marie-Eve Fournier aborder le cas de la courtière immobilière vedette Christine Girouard, qui s’est fait connaître à la télé et à cause de ses stratagèmes d’offres bidon. Celle-ci est désormais radiée à vie. Elle a menti à d’autres courtiers et bluffé, ce qui est interdit. «Elle mentait à ses confrères pour créer encore une fois une surenchère pour faire plus d'argent. [...] Évidemment les courtiers, ce sont des vendeurs, donc c'est normal qu'il y ait des stratégies. Mais l'OACIQ nous dit qu'un courtier, ça n'a pas le droit de mentir.»Voir https://www.cogecomedia.com/vie-privee pour notre politique de vie privée
Entretien avec Jean-Sébastien Bérubé, karatéka, bédéiste, slammeur et artiste visuel!On aborde sa période en tant que moins bouddhiste, son parcours dans les arts martiaux, ses voyages au Brésil et au Japon et sa démarche créative!***Le podcast est une présentation de Florian Belhumeur, Courtiers d'Assurances de dommage. Composez le 1-877-472-0078 et mentionnez GUERRIERPODCAST pour être dirigés vers leur équipe de spécialistes!
La simple visite d'une copropriété a viré au cauchemar pour une courtière immobilière de 63 ans qui a été sauvagement agressée sur la rue Saint-Denis, à Montréal. Quelles sont les mesures de sécurité mises en place pour tenter d'éviter de tels incidents au sein de la profession? Entrevue avec Jonathan Vincent, chef de la direction par intérim de L'Association professionnelle des courtiers immobiliers du QuébecPour de l'information concernant l'utilisation de vos données personnelles - https://omnystudio.com/policies/listener/fr
Savez-vous que BNP Paribas Cardif est également un acteur majeur de la protection ? La gamme protection Cardif Libertés vient compléter la gamme épargne Cardif Elite pour proposer à aux clients de CGP une stratégie patrimoniale complète et ainsi, les accompagner tout au long de leur vie professionnelle et personnelle.#PubHébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.
Une troisième baisse du taux directeur est attendue demain. Québec et la SAAQ relancent la reconnaissance faciale. La rémunération des courtiers immobiliers doit-elle être mieux encadrée? Discussion économique avec Francis Gosselin, économiste.Pour de l'information concernant l'utilisation de vos données personnelles - https://omnystudio.com/policies/listener/fr
Reform, Rebellion, and Rats! And all in less than a year! This episode we continue to look at the Taika era and the reforms that bear the era's name. We are still covering, though, just the first year or so from the start of the era--through 645 and very early 646. And yet there is a lot going on, some of it as part of the reforms and some of it just the normal international and domestic politics. For more check out https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-109 Rough Transcript Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan. My name is Joshua and this episode 109: Radical Reforms, Resourceful Rats, and Precarious Princes. ----------------- Prince Furubito no Ohoye looked out over the changing autumn leaves of Yoshino. Where the mountains had been painted pink in cherry blossoms just seven months earlier, the mountains were now covered in garments of red, yellow, and orange. Seven months. A lot could happen in seven months. Seven months ago, Prince Furubito had been in line for the throne. His main contender for the position was dead, and he had the support of the most powerful men in the court. Then it had all come crashing down in an instant. After the turmoil of the court earlier in the year, life in the countryside was no doubt a welcome respite. The former Crown Prince had narrowly avoided sharing in the fate of his Soga relatives, who had been killed in front of him. Furubito was no stranger to the literally cutthroat politics of the day. Soga no Iruka had killed Yamashiro no Ohoye, son of Shotoku Taishi, ostensibly to place Furubito on the throne, no doubt with the expectation that the Soga descended prince would be easier to control. Furubito himself had not been entirely out of the loop on that whole thing, either, specifically advising Iruka that he should make sure to send subordinates to do the dirty work and keep himself out of harm's way. Now Furubito's seemingly untouchable supporters, Soga no Iruka and his father, were, themselves, dead at the hands of Furubito's younger brother, Prince Naka no Ohoye. Their mother, Takara, had immediately abdicated, and Prince Furubito was suddenly in the crosshairs, potentially standing between his murderous brother and the throne. And so he took himself out of the picture and retired, becoming a monk at a temple in Yoshino, a mostly wild area south of Asuka and the traditional heartland of Yamato, where sovereigns of the past had sometimes gone to get away. Furubito had spent the last several months there in the mountains, out of the political center, but that didn't mean he was completely on his own. Not everyone was against him, and he still had people bringing him news. He may have retired from the world, but he wasn't without his resources. And there were those still in his camp, who thought he should be on the throne. They just had to keep it under wraps until it was too late for Prince Naka and his cohorts to do anything about it. So, with that little snapshot of life in Yoshino, let's get into it. We're talking about the Taika era, so let's first start out with a recap of last episode and some things to keep in mind, and then continue with the story of the reforms, looking at what else was happening in that first year, as well. We'll talk about the diplomatic missions from the Korean peninsula, the edicts focused on the Yamato elite and the clergy, as well as the strategic use of the change in the capital. We'll also address just what happened with the “other” crown prince, Furubito no Ohoye. First off, let's quickly recap: So last episode we started talking about the Taika era and the Taika reforms. In particular, we looked at how the governance of the archipelago had changed—as best as we can tell, at least, from the evidence available to us—and we looked at some of the very first edicts that went out. According to the Nihon Shoki, things started with the appointment of the Ministers of the Left and Right, the Sadaijin and the Udaijin. As later institutions were created, these ministers would each take a portion of those institutions into their portfolio, effectively dividing the management of the government. Although the Sadaijin, or Minister of the Left, was considered senior to the Udaijin, the Minister of the Right, at least in later years, it should be noted that this system would prevent, at least on paper, a single prime minister from taking the reigns of the entire government, as the Soga seem to have largely done. Presumably this meant that the sovereign, as head of state, would have the ultimate authority over the realm. Still, from the very get-go, we see that there are positions set up outside of this dynamic. For one thing, you have the creation of the seemingly nebulous “Naidaijin”. This is interpreted as the Minister of the Interior, meaning inside the royal house, and it was first granted to Naka no Ohoye's bro and best bud, Nakatomi no Kamatari—the co-conspirator who had helped make all this possible in the first place. While the Sadaijin and Udaijin nominally had most of the power—and we see them referenced executing that power on a not infrequent basis—the position of Naidaijin appears to be almost extra-numerary, and is rarely mentioned, and yet he seemed to have wielded considerable power and influence. This pattern of creating or using positions to exalt a singular individual, who would effectively run the affairs of state, is something that we'll see repeated multiple times in the future. Whether this positionwas something like dajo daijin or kampaku, powerful individuals would often find their way, regardless of the bureaucratic norms. In addition to the Naidaijin, however, the position of the royal princes—especially the Crown Prince—seem to be untouched. These were another class of elites often with wealth and influence, but who are largely outside the system of court ministers. In fact, the bureaucratic system of government only really covered those positions by the so-called “commoner” families—elite families that nonetheless were not considered to be in a direct line of succession for the throne. These were the members of the various be and uji corporate families that were created to serve the Yamato government. After all, you don't hear of Royal princes taking on the position of a minister or anything similar, and presumably they managed their own affairs and estates as members of the extended royal family, with the sovereign as the familial head. And then there were the peasants—the agricultural workers and truly common people who were so far removed from court business that they weren't even part of an uji clan or official familial unit other than their village, serfs or semi-free people—as free as anyone was in those days, though they were likely tied to the land by tradition and necessity—who owed service to some group of elites. One of the things we are seeing in these reforms is a move to redirect the responsibilities of those serfs and semi-free people more directly to the state, with edicts directly addressing their status and their responsibilities. That's something we'll talk about more as it comes up. But before that, let's get caught up on some other things happening in the first few months of the Taika era. Sure, Naka no Oe and Kamatari were working closely with our sovereign, Karu—aka Koutoku Tennou—to get their reforms in place. As we talked about last episode, they were sending out governors, hanging bells outside of the palace, and otherwise trying out all kinds of new stuff. However, as that was going on, they still had to deal with the day to day of the government. Life didn't just stop while they ramped up their transition to a new, bureaucratic monarchy. One such routine event for a new reign was the designation of Karu's wife, Hashibito, as the queen. In the fine Yamato tradition of keeping it all in the family, Hashibito was Karu's niece, the daughter of Karu's sister, Takara, aka Kougyoku Tennou, and her late husband, the sovereign Tamura, aka Joumei Tennou. That made Hashibito a sister to Prince Naka no Oe, who was now his uncle's brother-in-law and, since he was named Crown Prince, his heir. Probably don't think about it too much. There was also the matter of foreign envoys. As you may recall, the murder of Soga no Iruka and his father, known to us as the Isshi Incident, kicked off during a court reception for peninsular envoys. Two months later, we are told that envoys from Baekje, Goguryeo, and Silla all arrived with tribute. These appear to be separate from those who had witnessed Naka no Oe's bloody coup d'etat, and given the time it took to travel, they may have already been on their way when everything went down. They arrived in the 7th month of the year, not quite a full month since Karu had taken the throne. This might have been a regular visit, but we get some interesting information from the Chronicles about it. Kose no Tokuda no Omi addressed the envoys, at least those of Goguryeo and Baekje. Although it is also noted that Silla envoys arrived as well, communications with them are not recorded. There was also a slight problem in that one of the envoys (whose name Aston transcribes as “Chaphyong Yonbok”, suggesting that he was actually the Minister of the Left, Yonbok) apparently traveled all the way to Yamato just to come down with an illness. He stayed at Naniwa and rested while the other envoys made the journey onward, presumably to the palace in Asuka, where the court received the tribute. As for Goguryeo, Kose notes that Yamato and Goguryeo had not had formal relations for very long. This is unsurprising, given that Goguryeo was on the far north of the peninsula, and would have had to go through either Silla or Baekje controlled territory to get to Yamato, and they weren't always on the best of terms with either of the other countries on the peninsula. There were some attempts to reach the archipelago by landing on the northern edge of Honshu, along the Japan sea coast, landing near Tsuruga, on the western edge of the land of Koshi, but still, Yamato's relationship with Goguryeo does not appear to have been as old or as consistent as Yamato's dealings with their less distant neighbors. Tokuda, the Yamato officer addressing the Goguryeo envoys, wished for long and continued interactions, but that was about it. Baekje, though, was another story, and a bit of a conflicting one. The speech that Tokuda gives according to the Chronicles is likely heavily edited to sound more regal and to be in line with the Chroniclers' ideas of Japan's place in the world, but it is also possible that they were just using flowery, continental style pronouncements. It starts off with the somewhat audacious statement that Karu is a God-incarnate, which tracks with the idea that he is descended from the Heavenly Grandson, who came down from Takama no Hara. This same language was used with Goguryeo, earlier. Then Tokuda repeats the claim that Baekje is a vassal state of Yamato, claiming that they were considered an “internal Miyake”, likely referring to a land that was supposed to be directly controlled by Yamato. One is left to wonder just how Baekje felt about all of this, but then again, things may have been lost in translation from one court to the other. Finally, Baekje was admonished for not bringing sufficient tribute from Nimna, since it had theoretically been placed under Baekje's care. And here's where I see some conflicting information. After all, we know that Silla had absorbed Nimna well before this period, and Silla had been made to bring two ships during tribute missions or to meet the Yamato delegation with two ships to preserve at least the fiction that Nimna was still an independent country and ally to the archipelago. That was all back in the reign of Kashikiya Hime, aka Suiko Tennou, or earlier . Of course Baekje would not have any tribute from Nimna, and yet the Yamato court seem to have expected something unless, of course, they were just putting on some kind of show for Silla's sake? It seems like the matter of Nimna, which was no longer a going concern on the peninsula, was still something that Yamato was keeping front and center in their mind. Whatever the logic, Tokuda says that the sovereign pays special attention to the tribute from Nimna, and as it was deficient, they returned the tribute back to Baekje until they could bring the expected amount. There is plenty of ink that has been spilt on the subject of the diplomatic tribute systems that were set up across East Asia, largely as part of or in imitation of those systems set up by dynasties like the Han and the Tang. As we understand it, diplomats were expected to come to a foreign sovereign's courts as petitioners, bringing with them “tribute”—basically trade goods—to grease the wheels of international relations. The receiving country would reciprocate with lavish gifts on the envoys, in turn, often in excess of the “tribute” they had brought—at least, that is how the central Sinic dynasties operated. In this way, diplomatic missions were not only profitable for international relations, but also for acquiring elite goods that could not easily be otherwise obtained, and for that, envoys were willing to go along with the polite fiction that they were truly subordinate to the power they entreated. It is unclear whether or not this went both ways. I suspect that the Han or Tang dynasties would not have accepted the idea that their own ambassadors would be bringing tribute to any “lesser” nation. However, amongst nations like Yamato, Baekje, Silla, and Goguryeo, were there similar concerns? Unfortunately, we don't really have a clear, contemporary record of these interactions, and can only make assumptions based on what sources do exist. I suspect, however, that Baekje, though willing to indulge Yamato's fantasies, did not actually consider itself an “inner miyake” of Yamato—though they were a trusted ally. Most of the time. Which makes me wonder how they took such a snub. Unfortunately, both Baekje and Yamato sources appear to be quiet on that front. The envoys did not leave empty-handed, however. They sent away the wife and children of a man identified as “Wisa”—likely hostages being held at the Yamato court as part of the other diplomatic system between Baekje and Yamato. We are not told why, however, so we are left only to speculate on what actually happened. Later that month, and into the next, the reforms were really kicked off, sending out the governors to the eastern provinces and proclaiming some of the early edicts we talked about last month And while the court was waiting for news to come back from those governors, there was another issue that they were tackling, and that was further incorporating the Buddhist clergy and temples into the state government. Yeah, if you hadn't already guessed, Yamato at this time didn't exactly have a principle of the separation of church—or in this case temple—and state. In fact, quite the opposite. For a little over two decades at this point the court had assumed the authority to appoint individuals at the head of the Buddhist clergy, presumably to keep them in line ever since that one incident with the axe—and if you want a reminder, check out Episode 102. And so a messenger was sent from the court to Kudara-dera to gather all of the clergy there. That was the temple near where Tamura had built his palace, Kudara no Miya, and it reportedly had an absolutely jaw-dropping pagoda, so perhaps little wonder that it was a central location. After recounting the history of Buddhism in the archipelago, the court representative appointed chief priests to ten different temples, as well as the chief priest of Kudara-dera. They then made a promise that the Sovereign—which is to say the State—would pay for the repairs of any of the temples built by the Tomo no Miyatsuko; the courtly families. At the same time, the court also appointed temple commissioners, and expected them and the chief priests to report out the number of priests and nuns, as well as acreage of cultivated temple land. Interestingly, these commissioners were to report directly to the state, rather than through the local governors, indicating that the temples appear to have been somewhat exempt from the local civil authorities, though still under the thumb of the sovereign and the national government. This was likely done through the “Houtou”, or “heads of the Law”, another set of positions for people appointed to oversee Buddhist practice. In the following month, the court moved on from the clergy and focused on the courtiers: the Omi, Muraji, and the Tomo no Miyatsuko, and not in a fun way: These leading families were called to the carpet for what was seen as a host of offenses. They were accused of compelling their own vassals to labor at their pleasure, and appropriating land for their own private use, denying it to the people. This included mountains, hills, ponds, and even portions of the sea, which they turned into their own private hunting and fishing reserves. They would take prime rice-lands—land that could be brought under cultivation—and use it purely for themselves. They would take portions of the public land, divvy it up, and sell it off as if it were their own. Or they would just rent it out, so that they would collect rent on the property and those who farmed it wouldn't actually own anything, making them a kind of tenant farmer or even something like a sharecropper. Furthermore, when they collected taxes from those in areas they oversaw, they were accused of taking a portion off the top for themselves before turning over the rest to the government. And finally, they would take their own people and build palaces for themselves. This practice, though probably nothing new, went against the direction the new state was headed, and if it was allowed to continue, it would potentially reduce the number of laborers available for government projects. To be clear, not all of the noble families were doing this, but enough that a broad edict was required. This edict not only called out these practices, but specifically banned the private sale of land—likely meaning that it was up to the State to decide how land was apportioned—and it forbade anyone making themselves into a landlord. Now for anyone who has been following along—or simply looked at human history—the way that the elites had been concentrating power is hardly surprising. History books are filled with examples of those in power using it to aggregate more and more to themselves, especially without some kind of regulation. While the Taika edict treats this like an aberration of the way things should be, it is more likely that this is actually how the system had been designed to work up until this point. There were elites who operated at different levels in an hierarchical structure. Those above provided legitimacy and preferential treatment to those they considered their vassals. Those vassals were left to largely run things as they saw fit at the lower levels, as long as they maintained an expected flow of tribute up the chain. As long as things didn't get out of hand—no rebellions, famine, etc.—then there was little reason for those at the top to be concerned. Here, though, we are seeing a different imagining of the state: one where the governance of the state truly does flow from the sovereign down to the people. Those who had been studying the Buddhist and Confucian canons from the continent had been introduced to new ideas of what a state ought to be, and now that they were in power, they were determined to implement those ideas. One has to imagine that this ruffled more than a few feathers, and I have to wonder if it didn't contribute, at least in some way, to what else was happening around the same time. Remember, all of this—the tribute missions, the governors, the gathering of the clergy, and dressing down the courtiers—all happened in the first three months of the new reign—the Taika era. But in the ninth month, the court's attention was also turned to another matter, when a man named Kibi no Kasa no Omi no Shidaru came to Naka no Ohoye with a confession: He claimed he had been party to a meeting in Yoshino with none other than Prince Furubito no Ohoye, along with members of the Soga, the Yamato no Aya, and the Yechi no Hata. They were all disillusioned with this new reign and how they got here, and were plotting to put a stop to it by overthrowing Karu and putting Prince Furubito on the throne. So, yeah, this is where we circle back to where we started the episode – imagining Prince Furubito, hanging out in the mountains of Yoshino, enjoying his near escape and contemplating his retirement. Things weren't quite that peaceful. I'd note that another source claims that the guy who spilled the beans, Kibi no Kasa no Omi, instead went to the Daijin, the Great Ministers, Abe no Oho-omi and Soga no Oho-omi, the ministers of the Right and Left. Regardless of who he spoke to, he ratted out all of his co-conspirators. The details are sparse on just how everything unfolded from there, but we know that Naka no Ohoye appointed two generals to go and arrest—by which I'm pretty sure he meant assassinate—Prince Furubito no Ohoye. Whether or not the Prince had actually kicked off discussions or had even participated in any significant way, Naka no Ohoye's brother was too dangerous as a symbol around which anyone discontented with the new order could try and rally. And it's not at all surprising to imagine that there are those who were not exactly happy with where things were going. The throne was exerting greater control than it had in some time—perhaps more than it ever had, at this scale. The foreign ideas that had come in the way of books and learning may have, at first, been just another way for the elite to demonstrate their own superiority, but now these ideas were starting to affect the way they, themselves, had to operate. You could either accept it as the way forward or you could resist. Those who would resist, though, needed someone to rally around. Since the Sovereign and the Crown Prince were both pushing for change, anyone opposed would need to find a new sovereign to uphold their own ideas. To that end, Furubito no Ohoye must have been an enticing figure. He really was from the old school. Sure, that was a Soga dominated school, drenched in the blood of other members of the royal family, but it was still something that those who wanted to conserve their old way of life could use to legitimize their position. And that made Furubito no Ohoye dangerous, regardless of whether or not he encouraged such individuals or not. And so Uda no Yenomuro no Furu and Koma no Miyachi departed with a sizeable force to take out the Prince. Which, spoiler alert: they did. There are some conflicting accounts on this. Some records claim that the attack force didn't set out until more than two months later, on the 30th day of the 11th month. Others say that the generals were actually Kosobe no Omi no Abe and Sahekibe no Komaro, at the head of only thirty men. It is possible that both accounts are correct in some way, or that various family records retroactively claimed credit for the attack. It may also be that the time from the conspiracy's discovery to the eventual resolution—the killing of Furubito and his household—took a little over two months to complete; a not unreasonable situation. This whole event is often talked about as Furubito no Ohoye's revolt, and if we take the Chronicles at face value, that is largely accurate. However, we don't have many actual details, and we do know about Naka no Ohoye—we know that he hadn't been afraid to kill Soga no Iruka in broad daylight, in the middle of the court. Would it have really been too much for him to manufacture a conspiracy to provide him an excuse to take out his older brother and thus prepare his own eventual rise to the throne? On things like this, the Chronicles are largely silent, and we can only speculate as to what was actually going on. Still, I have to wonder. Following the death of Furubito no Ohoye, and the suppression of the rebellion in his name, the sovereign, Karu, announced that he had settled on a location for his new palace. While most of the edicts at this time broke new ground, this one did not, following a tradition that, if we believe the Chronicles, had been around for centuries. Each new sovereign would designate a location for their new palace, moving out of the palace of their predecessor. Usually this would beannounced at the very start of a reign, but as we've seen, this reign had gotten off to a busy start, and so we don't see mention of the new palace until the twelfth month. The tradition of moving out of an old palace and into a new one is thought to have typically been due to the ritual pollution, or tsumi, attached to the palace of a sovereign who has died -- often in the palace itself, if they were lucky enough to pass away in their sleep. Of course, in this case the throne didn't pass on the occasion of the sovereign's death, but there had certainly been plenty of blood spilled in the palace, recently, so I imagine that moving the palace was to be expected. Less expected was exactly where he moved the palace to, since Karu decided not to stay put in the Asuka region, and instead chose to move the palace to the port of Naniwa, where the continental envoys came. There are numerous examples throughout Japanese history where a change was made to move the capital, or at least the seat of government, to somewhere new. In many cases, this was to get away from various political forces that had become entrenched in the capital region. Courtiers and their retinue would settle near the palace, and soon an entire area was controlled, physically and politically, by a few powerful families or institutions. The Asuka region, for example, had started out as the ancestral stronghold of the Soga clan, and for the past century had operated as the seat of Soga controlled sovereigns. Tamura, or Jomei Tennou, had seemingly tried to move a little ways outside, near the site of Kudaradera, but his wife and successor, no doubt with the assistance and counsel of Soga no Emishi, had moved back into the Asuka valle, proper. Moving to Naniwa would have been quite the undertaking, as it didn't just mean moving the palace, but it meant moving the whole infrastructure of the government. Granted, this wasn't exactly on par with the size and complexity of the Imperial dynasties in what we now know as China, but it did mean that the powerful families would need to make sure that they had a residence of some sort near the new capital if they wanted to be close to the reins of power. That meant that they would need to also expend some of their own resources, as well. Also, it would be a good time to provide a sense of renewal for the era. The Chroniclers added a line, taken from various Chinese histories, that shortly after the announcement of the new capital's location, rats were seen moving across the countryside in the direction of Naniwa. At its most basic level, this likely recognized that when the people abandon a capital for a new city, that new city quickly has its own population. No doubt it was felt that the rats had simply followed the people there. The migration of rats would figure into several other movements during this reign, as well. It was apparently a popular trope. The movement started in the twelfth month of the first year of Taika, or 645, and would be completed in the third month of the following year, 646. That was around the same time that word was coming back from the lands in the east about just how things were going with the newly appointed governors. Giventhe killing of Furubito no Ohoye in the 11th month of 645, as well as everything else that was now happening, the capital would be the catalyst for a fresh new slate in more ways than one. The building of the new palace, and the need to entreat the kami, that would be used as an excuse to issue a general amnesty -- the “Get out of jail free” card for the governors and others who hadn't quite gotten on board, which we talked about last episode. They were shown the stick, but offered a carrot. While not explicitly stated, this may have also been a time to bury the hatchet for the pro-Furubito faction as well, giving them a chance to move on. And there was a lot of movement to be had. We are told that there was a proclamation in the first month of 646—a proper edict of reforms. These are laid out in four articles, and are perhaps the closest we have to a true “code” of the reforms from this era. And warning: this is where the reforms get really radical. The first article was on land ownership and allocation. Specifically, it abolished the various royal Miyake and the previously established “representatives of children”—which I'm guessing refers to the various families that were tasked with supporting some of the various royal princes and other royal descendants. It also abolished various farmsteads of serfs and abolished the bonds of those serfs who owed their service to various royal families; the ministers, the Omi and the Muraji; and general courtiers, the Tomo no Miyatsuko; as well as the various lords of the lands, the Kuni no Miyatsuko, and even down the villages, to the level of the Mura no Obito. In place of these mechanisms of bringing in rice and other goods, various fiefs were created out of the previously held land and redistributed to various princes and officials on a descending scale, with those at the top of the courtly rank system getting the most productive, and less for those further down. To sweeten this deal, gifts of cloth were also given at the time of the edict, likely as a way to offset any harsh feelings. In the end, this article completely rewrote how land was owned in the archipelago, at least in principle. The land belonged to the sovereign, who apportioned it out as required. The fiefs would then supply incomes to government officials, effectively providing them a salary. Those higher in the court system, which is to say those with a higher court rank, would have a larger stipend. Some version of this system, which wasn't always as strictly enforced, would continue right up until it was abolished in the early Meiji era. The second article of the reforms largely targeted the capital and the “Home Provinces”, recognized, today, as the area from modern Iga city in the east; to Mt. Seyama, in Wakayama, to the south. It extended westward past modern Kobe to the Akashi area, and north to Afusakayama, on the southwestern shores of Lake Biwa, due east of modern Kyoto city. These correspond largely to the areas that were traditionally under Yamato's direct rule, and where many of the noble families had their base of operations. Actual governors were appointed to the home provinces, like Kii, Kawachi, Harima, Yamashiro, etc., with various roads, barriers, outposts, and more created to secure the home territories. Post horses were included, and this is the first mention of the creation of bell tokens, a kind of bronze amulet with various round “bells” incorporated into the design. These bell tokens would become a kind of badge of office for anyone traveling, as they would be used at government posts along the road to determine what kinds of and how many horses a given official was entitled to during their official travel. The area within the capital itself was divided into “wards”, or “Bo”. Each ward would have an “wosa” appointed from the population. Aston translates this as “alderman”, though it feels like “magistrate” is more appropriate. For every four wards, an unagachi, or chief magistrate, was appointed. These wosa and unagachi were charged to watch over the people and investigate criminal matters. They were supposed to be people of “good character and solid capacity”, and if nobody in the ward could serve, then someone could be chosen from an adjoining ward, instead. Throughout the rest of the home provinces, the land was divided up into “townships” (RI or Sato), rather than wards, and townships would be gathered into “districts” (GUN or Koori). Large districts were those with over forty townships. Middle districts were those with anywhere from four to thirty townships. And districts of three or fewer townships were considered Lesser Districts. The Japanese for these would be Tai-gun, Chuu-gun, and Shou-gun, but I should note that it is unclear whether that was the actual term used or just the way to write it in the Sinitic style of the Chronicles. The governors of these areas were the Tairei and Sharei, glossed in Japanese as the Koori no Miyatsuko and the Suke no Miyatsuko, though Aston suggests those were just translations, and the Yamato court was probably using the On'yomi for the names as this was an attempt to copy continental governance. For these positions, you were expected to be not just good, but of “unblemished” character. They were assisted by clerks and others who were skilled in writing and arithmetic. I suspect a lot of this was also applied to the governors discussed in the previous episode, though we did not see such a clear list of qualifications for them and their staff at the time. So that set up the governance of the capital and the capital region, in a model that would be followed elsewhere. The third of the four articles provided for drawing up accounts of the land and people—much as the governors were doing in the east. They also create The Books, as in the accounting books for the government. These were to record the state of, well, the State. How many people, what land was out there, in what condition, and to whom did it belong. It would be the official register of receipts telling everyone what land belonged to whom. It also defined the townships, or Ri, as being made up of 50 households, with one magistrate per township, as above. However, given that these townships were in the countryside, the magistrate was also responsible for the direction of sowing the crops and the cultivation of mulberry trees, used primarily for silk production. It also fell to the magistrate to enforce the payment of taxes, both in rice and forced labor. And here we see just how much those taxes were. Rice fields were measured by “tan”, sometimes translated as “kida”, which was an area of thirty paces by twelve paces. That comes out to somewhere between 9,000 to 11,000 square feet, depending on the size of the pace—a modern “tan” is figured at 10,800 square feet, or a little over one thousand square meters or a bit under one quarter of an acre. From there, ten tan would make a CHO, the largest land unit mentioned here. All of this was only true of flat land, however. For steep and wooded land, the various officials in charge would need to make special arrangements. Afterall, a thousand square meters of cliff face wasn't exactly producing a ton of rice—or mulberry trees, for that matter. The tax for each tan of cultivated land was 22 bundles of rice on the stalk. A single bundle was the amount that a person could reasonably grasp in one hand. Ten bundles made up a sheaf, so actually it was 2 sheafs and 2 bundles. The edicts then laid out the math to verify that for a CHO it was 22 sheafs, or ten times that of a TAN. And all of this can be pretty boring and, well, academic, but it starts to get us a glimpse into life outside of the elite courtiers. We can see that they assumed a community was about 50 households in rural areas, and you likely would have gotten to know your neighbors, as they were the ones you were planting and harvesting with. While I'm not sure that a TAN was equivalent to a single field, we can see that four TAN would have been roughly an acre of land—an acre itself being an agricultural unit that was about as much land as a single individual could work in a day. What isn't clear from all of this is what was the expected gross yield of the field—in other words, how much of the crop would the farmers themselves be able to keep? In later centuries, farmers often couldn't afford to keep their own crop of rice, and had to settle for eating millet and other, cheaper grains, with almost all of the rice they grew going to pay their taxes Besides taxes on the fields, there were also other taxes to be considered, but these were dealt with in the fourth and final article of the reforms of 646. Up front, this article abolished any earlier taxes that may have been imposed, clearing the way for a new tax structure. From there, it first laid out a series of alternatives to rice for paying your taxes. One was the ability to pay in cloth, so for instance, if you had a single TAN of land, you could pay the 2 sheafs and 2 bundles of rice OR you could pay 10 feet of fine silk, 2.5 feet in width—the width of most home looms at the time. Alternatively there were conversions into coarse silk (double it to 20 feet) or another bast fiber cloth (double again, to 40 feet). Silk thread or silk floss are not mentioned as a substitute for the rice tax on land. But: this Article also laid out additional taxes to those on the fields. Each household would have to also produce at least 12 shaku—roughly 12 feet—of bast fiber cloth each year. There were also other taxes such as salt, etc., all depending on what was locally produced. And on top of that, for every 2 townships of 100 people, they had to produce a single horse for the government. A particularly fine horse could be used to cover the taxes for up to 4 townships. And if they could not produce a horse, they would need to provide up to 12 feet of cloth per household to offset the cost of the government buying one. That is 12 feet of cloth in addition to what they already had to pay. In addition to that, every person was expected to supply a sword, armor, bow and arrows, a flag, and a drum. This may have only been for those able-bodied men called up for service, though—it isn't exactly clear. And then, when there were public works to be done, each township had the responsibility to offer up a single, able-bodied individual, and to provide 22 feet of cloth and 5 masu of rice for their service, to keep them clothed and fed. This was actually an improvement on previous corvee labor requirements, which required one person per thirty households, who were all supposed to support them. Finally, there is a note about Uneme—the handmaidens at the court. Uneme were drawn from the sisters or daughters of district officials of the rank of shorei and upwards. Each Uneme was expected to be furnished with one male and two female servants to attend to their needs. They would be provided cloth and rice similar to laborers, except that the cost was to be spread out across one hundred households, not just fifty. Again, we get a glimpse of what life under the new regime was like—or at least what it was supposed to be like. We saw mention of taxes and other such things early on in the Chronicles, but this is the first time we really get to see what kinds of taxes would be levied on the common households. A single agricultural household would likely be responsible for some portion of the town's field-tax, as well as a tax of cloth on their own home, and possibly supporting a laborer or even the purchase of a government horse. Finally, they could also be responsible for providing for one of the handmaidens of the court. It was clear that the state was extending its reach in new ways. In some cases this would have clearly been an improvement: there was a reduction in the amount of labor that people had to provide, and things were being standardized. There were bureaucratic lines being built from the townships and wards up through to the sovereign, providing a clear connection between sovereign and vassal. On the other hand, this trod on the ancestral traditions of certain groups. We saw the attempted revolt around Prince Furubito no Ohoye, but after his death, the opposition didn't really have a central figure to rally around. And so the reforms would continue. Although the reforms at the start of 646 may have been some of the most formal, there is still a lot of change to come and we'll deal with that in the next few episodes. Until then, thank you for listening and for all of your support. If you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts. If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website, SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page. You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com. Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now. Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.
Retraite à 40 ans : Félix et William Gaudreault, deux jeunes courtiers immobiliers de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu espèrent devenir «indépendants de leur fortune» avant la quarantaine. Entrevue avec Félix Gaudreault, vice-président chez WFG capital et courtier immobilier chez Royal Lepage Excellence et William Gaudreault, président chez WFG capital et courtier immobilierPour de l'information concernant l'utilisation de vos données personnelles - https://omnystudio.com/policies/listener/fr
To download the transcript CLICK HERE Welcome back wine friends! Today, we're diving into La Place de Bordeaux, exploring its historic significance and the diverse wines it now includes, such as Opus One, Almaviva, and Seña. This episode perfectly follows my Bordeaux discussions with Jane Anson in episodes 182 about En Primeur wine futures and 183 about Bordeaux's lesser know wine regions and grapes. Joining us today is my dear friend Pauline Vicard, a stage two Master of Wine student and co-founder of Areni Global, a think tank dedicated to the future of fine wine. Pauline will enlighten us on La Place de Bordeaux, breaking down this intricate distribution system with insights from industry experts, including Ornellaia, Opus One, Max Lalondrelle (MD of Fine Wine at Berry Bros.), and Mathieu Chardonnier (President of Bordeaux Négociants CVBG). Tune in for an introduction into the world of fine wine from a financial and global trade perspective. And if you are ready for the deep dive, check out Pauline's seven part deep dive series on La Place de Bordeaux by clicking HERE. This episode is sponsored by Wickham Wines, A small business themselves focusing on top quality wines. Do yourself a favour, and go check out their online store for their amazing collection! Use the code EATSLEEP10 for 10% off your first order. If you want to skip ahead: 03.21: Pauline's journey into wine 06.22: Areni Global - a global think tank for fine wines 08.34: The evolution of fine wine and the La Place de Bordeaux system 11.09: The three tiers of La Place de Bordeaux 14.09: Different types of Courtiers and their roles 17.36: Differences between La Place & En Primeur 21.13: Selling through La Place & the global market 22.39: South Africa's Klein Constantia Vin De Constance 24.30: Beyond Bordeaux - the wineries selling through La Place from around the world 26.33: Opus One 28.26: The 2004 Berlin tasting of Seña with Eduardo Chadwick 31.49: The future of La Place de Bordeaux 37.45: Branding and Brand development 43.59: Catena Zapata and Bodega Garzon Any thoughts or questions, do email me: janina@eatsleepwinerepeat.co.uk Or contact me on Instagram @eatsleep_winerepeat If you fancy watching some videos on my youtube channel: Eat Sleep Wine Repeat Or come say hi at www.eatsleepwinerepeat.co.uk Until next time, Cheers to you! ------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------- THE EAT SLEEP WINE REPEAT PODCAST HAS BEEN FEATURED IN DECANTER MAGAZINE, RADIO TIMES AND FEED SPOT AS THE 6TH BEST UK WINE MAKING PODCAST.
Criminals spit her name like a curse. Grizzled veterans speak it before a battle to bring them luck. Courtiers are told of secret places they can leave a list of their rivals and, if they are lucky, she will come for their enemies in the night. Old sages whisper that if you would find that which is lost, you need only to seek “The Huntress.” Join us today on Journeys Through Magnamund as we talk about a brand new series in the Lone Wolf canon, and learn about lore, places, characters, and timelines that have never before been explored!
Jason Evans joins Andrew and Phil to reveal a shocking story of medical negligence and official delay - in Britain and numerous other nations - that tragically resulted from the desire to treat dangerous illnesses with better drugs.For many years blood donations - often collected for money in the USA - were used to make products to treat people with haemophilia and other illnesses. But so careless were the practices at every level, and so poor the quality controls, that blood from those infected with diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS got mingled into thousands of doses. As a result many people were infected with life altering and life shortening diseases, including Jason's father. Although there is now an official Inquiry about to report in the UK, the campaign for justice and compensation has dragged on for decades. Before speaking to Jason, Phil and Andrew work through some of the audience repossess - positive and negative - to our last episode with royal expert Valentine Low. Jason's campaign can be reached here...https://www.factor8scandal.uk/jason-evansYou can buy books from the authors we feature - including Courtiers by Valentine Low - in our own bookshop. All profit are shared between podcasters and independent booksellers....https://uk.bookshop.org/p/books/courtiers-valentine-low/6755938?aid=12054&ean=9781472290908Looking for the perfect gift for a special scandalous someone - or someone you'd like to get scandalous with? We're here to help...https://www.etsy.com/uk/shop/ScandalMongers*** If you enjoy our work please consider clicking the YouTube subscribe button, even if you listen to us on an audio app. It will help our brand to grow and our content to reach new ears.The Scandal Mongers Podcast is also available to watch on youtube...https://www.youtube.com/@thescandalmongerspodcastAndrew Lowniehttps://twitter.com/andrewlowniePhil Craighttps://twitter.com/philmcraigThe Scandal Mongershttps://twitter.com/MongersPodcastYou can get in touch with the show hosts via...team@podcastworld.org (place 'Scandal Mongers' in the heading please).Production byTheo XKerem Isik Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
This was meant to be the second of our two spy episodes, and it still is - but first Andrew and Phil were able to speak with our friend, the VERY well connected royal reporter Valentine Low, about the speculation that's now swirling around the marriage of the Prince and Princess of Wales. We discuss what may have really been going on behind palace - and hospital - walls these last few months, rumours of royal affairs and martial strife, and the extent to which royal people should have their privacy respected when it comes to their private lives and health. Phil also references this article of his about the psychological roots of our interest in monarchy. https://thecritic.co.uk/the-kings-touch/Then writer Robert Verkaik joins to explore the dark and controversial story of the dead British spy Gareth Williams - the notorious 'body in the bag' case from 2010. Was this a Russian 'hit', an imaginatively staged suicide or the result of a bizarre sex game gone very wrong?You can buy books from the authors we feature - including Courtiers by Valentine Low - in our own bookshop. All profit are shared between podcasters and independent booksellers. https://uk.bookshop.org/p/books/courtiers-valentine-low/6755938?aid=12054&ean=9781472290908Looking for the perfect gift for a special scandalous someone - or someone you'd like to get scandalous with? We're here to help.https://www.etsy.com/uk/shop/ScandalMongers*** If you enjoy our work please consider clicking the YouTube subscribe button, even if you listen to us on an audio app. It will help our brand to grow and our content to reach new ears.The Scandal Mongers Podcast is also available to watch on YouTube...https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJgy7_rHwpE&t=23sAndrew Lowniehttps://twitter.com/andrewlowniePhil Craighttps://twitter.com/philmcraigThe Scandal Mongershttps://twitter.com/MongersPodcastYou can get in touch with the show hosts via...team@podcastworld.org (place 'Scandal Mongers' in the heading please).This show is part of the PodcastWorld.org network. For your own show please get in contact via the email address above.Production byTheo XKerem Isik Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
Join Julia Jeffress Sadler as she takes us on an incredible adventure in Episode 133. Discover how these four young men from Judah, renamed Belteshazzar, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego in Babylon, demonstrate faithfulness and wisdom under King Nebuchadnezzar's rule. Chosen for their intelligence and potential, they face a challenge to their faith: eat the king's rich food or adhere to God's dietary laws. Daniel's wise request for a test of ten days on a diet of vegetables and water leads to an astonishing outcome. The young men appear healthier than those who ate the royal food, showcasing God's blessing on their faithfulness. Gifted with exceptional wisdom and understanding, especially Daniel with his ability to interpret dreams, they impress Nebuchadnezzar and secure prominent positions in his court. Sign up to receive Kids Bible in a Year devotionals in your inbox every weekday: https://www.kidsbibleinayear.com/ Get ready to experience the Bible designed specifically for children with the official KidsBibleinaYear.com podcast, led by Julia Jeffress Sadler. This captivating audio series presents the age-old wisdom of the Bible in an engaging format that will captivate your kids. Each episode Julia translates biblical teachings into real-life applications, making Bible comprehension a breeze for young minds. And if you want more Christian resources and content, you can download the Pray.com app. Pray.com is the digital destination for faith, offering over 5,000 daily prayers, meditations, bedtime Bible stories, and cinematic stories inspired by the Bible. For more resources on how to live a successful Christian life, visit Julia Jeffress Sadler's website at https://ptv.org/julia/. This episode is sponsored by Little Passports. Visit LittlePassports.com/blessed and use promo code BLESSED to receive 20% off. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Assurances, conso, nouvelles technologies… "On en parle" vous oriente dans tout ce qui fait votre quotidien.
Introduction: Minutes 0 to 4:45 We were off for three weeks due to my health. I watched the docuseries The Billionaire, the Butler and the Boyfriend on Netflix, about L'oreal heiress Liliane Bettencourt. She reminds Chandra of the late great Duchess of Alba. Royals: Minutes (4:45) to 19:30 The Earthshot Awards and the Kenyan Tour were flops. King Charles had his 75th birthday on November 14th. Courtiers told Roya Nikkhah at the Times that Charles invited Harry to his 75th birthday party but Harry “snubbed” the invite. This was an obvious move by the palace to deflect from the mediocre Kenyan tour. A day later, the Archewell spokesperson went on the record to say Harry had not been invited and so there was no “snub.” Charles supposedly wanted Harry to call him for his birthday. Both Harry and Meghan called and talked to him along with sending a little happy birthday video with their kids. It definitely sounded like the palace briefed the media but then they did what they always do and claimed Harry and Meghan were the source. Kate gave a speech about early childhood as part of a symposium. They previewed it in The Telegraph and made it sound so groundbreaking. However it was super generic and basic like everything she does. I remember the Shaping Us claymation video they did earlier this year. Omid Scobie's Endgame: Inside the Royal Family and the Monarchy's Fight for Survival is out on November 28th. His last book, Finding Freedom, came out in August, 2020 and that was an international bestseller. We've been covering the excerpts from the book which were published in People Magazine. Harry's family snubbed him after the Queen died and worked to exclude Meghan. We heard some of this before but not the extent of it. The press claimed that Charles told Harry about the Queen dying but as Harry explained in Spare, he found out from the press as he was on a plane when it happened. Scobie also wrote that William sees Harry as a defector and that he thinks Harry and Meghan blindsided their family by going public with their issues. William also thinks that Harry is brainwashed by therapists and that he's California and self-important. Harry still has warmth for Charles though and that came through in Spare. Chandra thinks Camilla would rather they didn't talk. The Daily Mirror claimed that Scobie timed his book excerpt release to overshadow Kate's big girl speech. They royals are panicking about the book. The first half of The Crown season six is out now. We wonder how Peter Morgan will show Will and Kate's love story and if he'll just go with the official version. Comments of the week: Minutes (19:30) to end Chandra's comment of the week is from Berkeleyfarm on the post where William calls Harry Californian and self important. My comment of the week is from Jane on the post with Travis Kelce's old tweets. Thanks for listening bitches!
Listen in to the 10-minute masterclass on Courtiers with Jane Anson. Jane explains the mysterious role of the Bordeaux courtier, who works as a broker between the château and the negociant. “They are extremely discreet, but know everything” she says. Jane gives a fascinating insight into the system which has been working since the Middle Ages.Find out more at: wine-conversation.com
The Times royal correspondent returns to the podcast for a second interview. This time we're highlighting the new work he has done for the latest edition of his widely acclaimed book COURTIERS, which first lifted the lid on simmering tensions behind palace walls and gave a voice to staff members who claimed to have been bullied and belittled by the Duchess of Sussex.What's the real divide that drives the current feud in the House of Windsor? Could it be a deep personality clash between Kate, now Princess of Wales, and Meghan? 'Recollections may vary', as the late Queen Elizabeth said of the Sussexes Oprah Winfrey interview! You can now buy Valentine's book in the Scandal Mongers own online book store, which shares profits between independent bookshops and other podcasters.https://uk.bookshop.org/p/books/courtiers-valentine-low/6755938?aid=12054&ean=9781472290908Andrew Lownie.twitter.com/andrewlowniePhil Craig.twitter.com/philmcraigYou can also get in touch with the show hosts via...team@podcastworld.org (place 'Scandal Mongers' in the heading please)This show is part of the PodcastWorld.org network. For your own show please get in contact via the email address above.Production byTheo XKerem Isik Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
It's a new year and the first month is done which means we've got a lot to talk about. I read eight books to kick off 2023 and there were five Hallmark New Year New Movies on TV. Listen now for all my thoughts on The Rom-Com Agenda, The Second You're Single, Finlay Donovan Jumps the Gun, Courtiers, and the Briar Off-Campus Series by Elle Kennedy. Hallmark didn't start strong in my opinion with A Dog Lover's Guide to Dating, but picked it up with the continuation of The Wedding Veil series with The Wedding Veil Expectations, Inspiration, and Journey. Journey absolutely became my new favorite movie and the storyline to beat. Finally they closed out with Love in Glacier National, which I liked, but it had so many plot holes I'm just confused. Listen now for all the thoughts and lots of laughs!
COURTIERS: Intrigue, Ambition, and the Power Players Behind the House of Windsor (published by St. Martin's Press) is the gripping account of how the Royal family really operates, from Valentine Low, the journalist who has spent years studying them. Who really runs the show and, as Charles III begins his reign, what will happen next? As The Spectator raves, “COURTIERS give us a remarkable insight into the unseen operation of the monarchy."Throughout history, the British monarchy has relied on its courtiers - the trusted advisers in the King or Queen's inner circle - to ensure its survival as a family and a pillar of the country. Today, as ever, a carefully selected team of people hidden from view steers the royal family's path between public duty and private life. Queen Elizabeth II, after a remarkable 70 years of service, saw the final seasons of her reign without her husband Philip to guide her. Now, a newly ascended Charles seeks to define what his future as King, and that of his court, will be. The question of who is entrusted to guide the royals has never been more vital. Yet, as the tensions within the family are exposed to global scrutiny like never before, the task these courtiers face has never been more challenging. With a dark cloud hanging over Prince Andrew as well as Harry and Meghan's controversial departure from royal life, William and Kate - equipped with a very 21st century approach to press and public relations - now hold the responsibility of making an ancient institution relevant for the decades to come.
There are rules of fashion, presentation of reactions and how conversations are supposed to make longer connections. Who enforces these royal expectations?
In this KEEN ON episode, Andrew talks to COURTIERS author Valentine Low about how the British Royal family is no longer pale, male or stale and how it is reinventing itself for the democratized, multicultural 21st century. ABOUT VALENTINE LOW: Valentine Low has covered the royal family — and other stories — for The Times since 2008. He has been to Russia with the Queen, the Galapagos Islands with the Prince of Wales and Bhutan with the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge. He is also the author of the allotment classic, One Man and His Dig. ABOUT ANDREW KEEN: Name as one of the "100 most connected men" by GQ magazine, Andrew Keen is amongst the world's best known broadcasters and commentators. In addition to presenting KEEN ON, he is the host of the long-running How To Fix Democracy show. He is also the author of four prescient books: CULT OF THE AMATEUR, DIGITAL VERTIGO, THE INTERNET IS NOT THE ANSWER and HOW TO FIX THE FUTURE. Andrew lives in San Francisco, is married to Cassandra Knight, Google's VP of Litigation & Discovery, and has two grown children. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Are you fascinated with stories about the British Royal family? Do current revelations by Prince Harry and his wife whet your appetite for more? Does the topic of palace intrigue and the people and power behind the throne pique your interest? Well, if any of the above statements are true, this show is for you! Our guest, veteran journalist at The Times, Valentine Low, has been writing about the royal family for over a quarter of a century. Valentine is known for his insight as well as his meticulously fair coverage, as he reports on the royals and their courtiers both in print and on frequent appearances on international television. Now Valentine has added to his role as royal commentator by authoring an insider's account of the people behind the throne. His book is called, COURTIERS:Intrigue, Ambition, and the Power Players Behind the House of Windsor. If you, like me, are drawn to stories of palace intrigue and the lives of the British royals, you'll want to make sure you catch this show!
Megyn Kelly is joined by Amala Ekpunobi, host of Unapologetic LIVE, and Evita Duffy Alfonso, Federalist writer, to talk about the breaking news about VP Mike Pence finding his own classified documents, President Biden's new spin on his classified documents controversy, left-wing politicians rush to make California shootings about hate crimes and gun control, Chicago's latest crime challenges, Fox News' weathercaster getting beat up on the NYC Subway, violent Antifa riots in Atlanta, a viral video of a woman claiming to be harassed at the gym, the narcissism of young women, Times Up officially shutting down, and more. Then Valentine Low, author of "Courtiers," joins to discuss Ghislaine Maxwell speaking out about Prince Andrew, whether Jeffrey Epstein actually killed himself, the truth about Alan Dershowitz and Virginia Giuffre, the truth about the Meghan Markle bullying story Meghan and Prince Harry vs. the press, Harry's obsession with his media coverage, and more.Follow The Megyn Kelly Show on all social platforms: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/MegynKellyTwitter: http://Twitter.com/MegynKellyShowInstagram: http://Instagram.com/MegynKellyShowFacebook: http://Facebook.com/MegynKellyShow Find out more information at: https://www.devilmaycaremedia.com/megynkellyshow
Today Andrew and Phil are joined by the Times royal correspondent Valentine Low to discuss all things Harry, Meghan, Wills, Kate… and Netflix! Valentine's recent book COURTIERS includes details of what the self-styled 'Sussex Survivors Squad' say they experienced working for the Duke and Duchess. What does he think of their recent allegations about their treatment by the family and the wider British nation? And how much of their problems are due to racial prejudice in Britain's papers, palaces and public life?Andrew is on hand to compare their story to that of a previous generation of royal exiles: The Duke and Duchess of Windsor. https://www.amazon.co.uk/Courtiers-Valentine-Low/dp/1472290909 https://www.amazon.co.uk/Traitor-King-Scandalous-FEATURED-DOCUMENTARY/dp/1788704878/ref=sr_1_1?crid=K64WYE7WI62J&keywords=andrew+lownie&qid=1670829998&s=books&sprefix=andrew+lownie%2Cstripbooks%2C61&sr=1-1 Andrew Lownie.twitter.com/andrewlownie Phil Craig.twitter.com/philmcraig You can now get in touch with the show...team@podcastworld.org (Place 'Scandal Mongers' in the heading please) This show is part of the PodcastWorld.org network. Recorded in Kentish Town, London. Production byTheo XDavid KurzerKerem Isik Available on YouTube, Apple, Stitcher, Spotify, Soundcloud, Amazon Music, Googleplay, Acast and more! Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
A royal correspondent's best sources are often the unseen aides, advisors and staff, working behind the scenes. Who are these advisors? What do they really do? And what can they tell us not just about how past stories unfolded – like Harry and Meghan's exit from the household – but the future of the royals? Book: Courtiers: The Hidden Power Behind the Crown by Valentine Low.This podcast was brought to you thanks to the support of readers of The Times and The Sunday Times. Subscribe today: thetimes.co.uk/storiesofourtimes. Guest: Valentine Low, Royal Correspondent, The Times.Host: Jenny Kleeman.Clips: Apple, CBS, ITV, Sky News, Entertainment Tonight, TalkTV. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
This week, Sah welcomes Lyle Maxson, a pioneer of Transformative Entertainment whose immersive design agency, The Courtiers, and passion for biohacking led to co-founding Andromeda Entertainment, a VR publisher bringing to market "Games for Good."Lyle's next horizon is GeniusX, a VR education platform for creating a metaverse that "upgrades the real world avatar that is you" with a goal to better humanity's relationship with technology along the way. In addition, he is addressing the world's mental health crisis with the creation of Entheo Digital - a digital therapeutics company pursuing FDA clearance and the creation of a wellness technology marketplace at the intersection of psychedelic therapy and experiential medicine.In this episode, Sah and Lyle discuss...The concept of benevolent technology, and Lyle's efforts to promote it to the worldPsychedelics as a complex tool for religious, spiritual, and personal liberationLyle's vision for virtual reality (VR) and the future of technology in wellnessThe potential in video games to serve as therapeutic alternatives to pharmaceuticals, or as Lyle calls them, "benevolent drugs."Using VR responsibly as a tool to connect us, rather than foster isolationThe power of community, both online and offlineLyle's mystical experiences with alien beingsand more...✨✨✨This podcast was brought to you by the Institute of Integrative Nutrition, where Sah began his own career in wellness as a certified Health Coach! IIN pioneered the field of health coaching with the Health Coach Training Program, and created a movement to change the health and happiness of the world.Discover how to nourish, heal, and thrive in all aspects of your life and career.Payment plans start as low as $199/month, AND as a member of our community, you'll save $2,500 off tuition if you mention Sah D'Simone at registration.✨✨✨Win a shirt from our collection with Self Care is For EveryoneRate and review our podcast on Apple Podcasts or Spotify, and send a screenshot to operations@sahdsimone.com for a chance to spiritualize your wardrobe, for free!✨✨✨Get more Sah in your life:
Building a global brand takes a lot of effort and investment. Even with the network of >400 negociants on La Place de Bordeaux, wineries have to make significant investments in brand building and press. Rebekah Wineburg, Winemaker, and Diego Garay, Director of Exports for Quintessa in Napa Valley, discuss their journey towards selling in 50 countries in 3 years through the La Place system. Detailed Show Notes: Rebekah's backgroundShe wanted to be a winemaker at 16Worked in Italy, New Zealand, Australia, and mainly in CAAt Quintessa for 7 yearsDiego's backgroundWorked on exports for Sena and Almaviva in Chile, who export ~98-99% of productionDirector of Export for all Huneeus winesQuintessaEstate winery in Rutherford, Napa160 acres of vineyards and make 1 red wine (Quintessa) - ~8-12k cases/yearUntil recently, it mostly sold domestically - ~50% DTC, ~50% US wholesaleLa Place de Bordeaux OverviewA marketplace where most Bordeaux wines are traded, often futures3-tier system - chateaux sell to negociants, who sell to international tradeCriteria to be on La Place - brand pedigree (e.g., high scores) and a well-known brandWineries need to build demand for negociants w/o the help of importers, as they are not brand buildersNew world wines have only been selling through La Place for the last 15-20 yearsCourtiers (brokers that find negociants) - some specialize in new world wines>400 negociants on La PlaceNon-exclusive systemExporting via La Place2022 - exports ~5-15% of production, primarily Asia, UK, Germany, SwitzerlandThe goal of exporting - build a world-recognized wine estateLong-term export goals - ~30-35% of productionPrior to La Place - exported ~1% to Canada, Japan, MexicoThey started selling on La Place in 2019Negociant reached out to Quintessa looking for new world winesQuintessa working w/
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