Podcast appearances and mentions of salem town

Find out when English Colonists first settled in present day Salem including the original settlement's name. Get to know Englishmen Roger Conant & John Endecott including their job roles. Learn about the Puritan's as well as their religious beliefs. Discover what Salem refers to including the working relationship between Roger Conant & John Endecott. Go behind the scenes and learn about Puritan Migration Movement from 1620-1640. Determine if all Puritans who came into New England got accepted for what they believed in religious wise. Discover what unique military achievement being the first of its kind took place in Salem come December 13, 1636. Get an in depth analysis behind differences between those people living in Salem Town versus Salem Village. Determine what types of political and social divisions did Salem Village Residents contend with and whether or not the community as a whole was immune to conflict from within. Get a timeline of events involving Salem Village beginning from 1672 into May 1693. Get an understanding of where Salem's Population stood by 1770 including the unique history behind why it was such an important port city. Learn exactly what the 1765 Stamp Act required Britain's Subject's, 13 Colonies, to pay tax on including people of Salem's responses. Determine if peace itself was short lived following Parliament's repeal of 1765 Stamp Act. Get an understanding about Boston Non Importation Agreement of 1768 including how Salem's Merchants responded. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

En décembre 1691, la petite communauté rurale de Salem Village, proche de la prospère Salem Town, subit un hiver rigoureux et des conditions économiques désastreuses. Au cœur de ce village, Tituba, une esclave amérindienne vendue à la Barbade et appartenant au révérend Samuel Parris, est accusée de sorcellerie après que Betty Parris et Abigail Williams, la fille et la nièce du révérend, ont manifesté des symptômes de possession démoniaque. Ce diagnostic plonge la communauté dans une frénésie de peur et de suspicion. La famine, les menaces amérindiennes, et la terreur de l'inconnu transforment Salem en un théâtre de chasse aux sorcières. Cet épisode dévoile les preuves à charge contre Tituba et d'autres habitants, explorant la possibilité d'explications rationnelles face à ces événements mystérieux. L'Heure H lève le voile sur une affaire qui a conduit à l'exécution de plus de vingt personnes. Merci pour votre écoute Vous aimez l'Heure H, mais connaissez-vous La Mini Heure H https://audmns.com/YagLLiK , une version pour toute la famille.Retrouvez l'ensemble des épisodes de l'Heure H sur notre plateforme Auvio.be :https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/22750 Intéressés par l'histoire ? Vous pourriez également aimer nos autres podcasts : Un jour dans l'Histoire : https://audmns.com/gXJWXoQL'Histoire Continue: https://audmns.com/kSbpELwAinsi que nos séries historiques :Chili, le Pays de mes Histoires : https://audmns.com/XHbnevhD-Day : https://audmns.com/JWRdPYIJoséphine Baker : https://audmns.com/wCfhoEwLa folle histoire de l'aviation : https://audmns.com/xAWjyWCLes Jeux Olympiques, l'étonnant miroir de notre Histoire : https://audmns.com/ZEIihzZMarguerite, la Voix d'une Résistante : https://audmns.com/zFDehnENapoléon, le crépuscule de l'Aigle : https://audmns.com/DcdnIUnUn Jour dans le Sport : https://audmns.com/xXlkHMHSous le sable des Pyramides : https://audmns.com/rXfVppvVous aimez les histoires racontées par Jean-Louis Lahaye ? Connaissez-vous ces podcast?Sous le sable des Pyramides : https://audmns.com/rXfVppv36 Quai des orfèvres : https://audmns.com/eUxNxyFHistoire Criminelle, les enquêtes de Scotland Yard : https://audmns.com/ZuEwXVOUn Crime, une Histoire https://audmns.com/NIhhXpYN'oubliez pas de vous y abonner pour ne rien manquer.Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement.

In this episode of "Witch Hunt," guest host Antonio Stuckey explores the life and tragic fate of Alice Parker, a victim of the 1692 Salem witch trials. The podcast delves into Parker's background as a resident of Salem Town and her marriage to a local fisherman. Stuckey discusses the accusations against Parker, her arrest, and the subsequent legal proceedings that led to her conviction. The episode provides insight into the nature of the evidence presented against her and the wider context of suspicions surrounding witchcraft in Salem during that period. Stuckey also touches on the aftermath of Parker's trial and execution, including her eventual exoneration centuries later. Through Alice Parker's story, listeners gain a compelling glimpse into the fear, suspicion, and injustice that characterized the Salem witch trials, as well as efforts in recent times to memorialize and honor its victims. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/witchhunt/support

En décembre 1691, la petite communauté rurale de Salem Village, proche de la prospère Salem Town, subit un hiver rigoureux et des conditions économiques désastreuses. Au cœur de ce village, Tituba, une esclave amérindienne vendue à la Barbade et appartenant au révérend Samuel Parris, est accusée de sorcellerie après que Betty Parris et Abigail Williams, la fille et la nièce du révérend, ont manifesté des symptômes de possession démoniaque. Ce diagnostic plonge la communauté dans une frénésie de peur et de suspicion. La famine, les menaces amérindiennes, et la terreur de l'inconnu transforment Salem en un théâtre de chasse aux sorcières. Cet épisode dévoile les preuves à charge contre Tituba et d'autres habitants, explorant la possibilité d'explications rationnelles face à ces événements mystérieux. L'Heure H lève le voile sur une affaire qui a conduit à l'exécution de plus de vingt personnes. Merci pour votre écoute Retrouvez l'ensemble des épisodes de l'Heure H sur notre plateforme Auvio.be : https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/22750 Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement.

Let's jump back into the Putnam Problem. After discussing the differences between Salem Village and Salem Town, both religious and social, and some of the Putnam ancestry, now we get to talk about their direct involvement in the trials. Join Sarah and Jeffrey, your favorite tour guides, as they talk about Thomas and his 120 court documents; Ann and her own afflictions; and of course Ann Jr., who makes more accusations of witchcraft than anyone else. Salem Witch Museum Salem Witch Trials: Documentary Archive and Transcription Project Historyofmassachusetts.org Legends of America Wikipedia Ann Jr.'s Confession Wikitree Interested in Salem The Podcast Merch!?  CLICK HERE! Interested in supporting the Podcast? Looking for more Salem content? CLICK HERE! www.salemthepodcast.com NEW INSTAGRAM - @salemthepod Email - hello@salemthepodcast.com   Book a tour with Jeffrey at Better Than Fiction Tours   www.btftours.com Book a tour with Sarah at Bewitched Historical Tours   www.bewitchedtours.com   Intro/Outro Music from Uppbeat: https://uppbeat.io/t/all-good-folks/unfamiliar-faces License code: NGSBY7LA1HTVAUJE

Let's jump back into the Putnam Problem. After discussing the differences between Salem Village and Salem Town, both religious and social, and some of the Putnam ancestry, now we get to talk about their direct involvement in the trials. Join Sarah and Jeffrey, your favorite tour guides, as they talk about Thomas and his 120 court documents; Ann and her own afflictions; and of course Ann Jr., who makes more accusations of witchcraft than anyone else. Salem Witch Museum Salem Witch Trials: Documentary Archive and Transcription Project Historyofmassachusetts.org Legends of America Wikipedia Ann Jr.'s Confession Wikitree Interested in Salem The Podcast Merch!?  CLICK HERE! Interested in supporting the Podcast? Looking for more Salem content? CLICK HERE! www.salemthepodcast.com NEW INSTAGRAM - @salemthepod Email - hello@salemthepodcast.com   Book a tour with Jeffrey at Better Than Fiction Tours   www.btftours.com Book a tour with Sarah at Bewitched Historical Tours   www.bewitchedtours.com   Intro/Outro Music from Uppbeat: https://uppbeat.io/t/all-good-folks/unfamiliar-faces License code: NGSBY7LA1HTVAUJE

Join Jennie and Dianne as they explore the aftermath of the Salem Witch Trials in part three of their series. Discover what happened to the victims and accusers after the trials, including the difficult lives many faced, as well as the memorials and tombs in cemeteries dedicated to them. Reflect on the impact that this dark period in history had on the Ordinary Extraordinary community of Salem and the legacies that still linger today.For more stories and information on the 1692 Salem witch trials, check out these fabulous podcasts and other online resources:1. https://www.salemthepodcast.com/2. https://thoushaltnotsuffer.com/3. https://salemwitchmuseum.com/videos/Resources used to research this episode include:Story, W. (1991). The Witchcraft Hysteria of Salem Town and Salem Village in 1692. (7th ed., 5-7) Willart Publishing .Museum , S. W. Salem Witch Museum Miscellany. (1-3 8) Salem Witch Museum .Brown, D. C. (2006). A Guide to the Salem Witchcraft Hysteria of 1692. (7th ed., 1-89) David C. Brown.Fury, D. (2021). If These Stones Could Speak The History and People of the Old Salem Burying Point. (1st ed., 231-273) Black Cat Tours Press.Johnson Lewis, Jone. "Tituba and The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 ." https://www.thoughtco.com. 31 Mar. 2020. www.thoughtco.com/tituba-salem-witch-trials-3530572. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Schiff, Stacy. "Unraveling the Many Mysteries of Tituba, the Star Witness of the Salem Witch Trials ." https://www.smithsonianmag.com. 2 Nov. 2015. www.smithsonianmag.com/history/unraveling-mysteries-tituba-salem-witch-trials-180956960/. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Historical Society , New York. "Life Story: Tituba Survivor of the Salem Witch Hysteria ." https://wams.nyhistory.org. wams.nyhistory.org/settler-colonialism-and-revolution/settler-colonialism/tituba/. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Museum , Salem Witch . "SALEM WITCH TRIALS CHRONOLOGY ." https://salemwitchmuseum.com. salemwitchmuseum.com/salem-witch-trials-chronology/. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Museum , Salem Witch . "Putnam Cemetery ." https://salemwitchmuseum.com. salemwitchmuseum.com/locations/putnam-cemetery/#:~:text=Beneath%20the%20earthen%20mound%2C%20located,role%20in%20the%20witch%20hunt. Accessed 12 Mar. 2023.Brooks, Rebecca Beatrice . "John Hathorne: Salem Witch Judge ." https://historyofmassachusetts.org. 28 Jan. 2014. historyofmassachusetts.org/john-hathorne-the-salem-witch-judge/. Accessed 12 Mar. 2023.Brooks, Rebecca Beatrice . "Jonathan Corwin: Salem Witch Judge ." https://historyofmassachusetts.org. 26 Jan. 2016. historyofmassachusetts.org/jonathan-corwin-salem-witch-judge/. Accessed 12 Mar. 2023.Brooks, Rebecca Beatrice . "George Corwin: High Sheriff of Essex County ." https://historyofmassachusetts.org. 26 June 2022. historyofmassachusetts.org/george-corwin-sheriff/. Accessed 12 Mar. 2023.House, The Witch. "THE SALEM WITCHCRAFT TRIALS ." https://www.thewitchhouse.org. www.thewitchhouse.org/#witch-trials-section. Accessed 12 Mar. 2023.

In this week's episode of The Ordinary Extraordinary Cemetery, Jennie and Dianne continue their series on the infamous 1692 Salem witch trials. Last week, they talked about how Tituba's confession triggered a chain of events that shaped the course of the trials. This week, they explore the aftermath of her confession, including how it led to more accusations, the establishment of a new court system, and the execution of those found guilty of witchcraft. Don't miss this fascinating episode as we delve deeper into one of the most Ordinary Extraordinary and chilling episodes in American history.Resources used to research this episode include:Story, W. (1991). The Witchcraft Hysteria of Salem Town and Salem Village in 1692. (7th ed., 5-7) Willart Publishing .Museum , S. W. Salem Witch Museum Miscellany. (1-3 8) Salem Witch Museum .Brown, D. C. (2006). A Guide to the Salem Witchcraft Hysteria of 1692. (7th ed., 1-89) David C. Brown.Fury, D. (2021). If These Stones Could Speak The History and People of the Old Salem Burying Point. (1st ed., 231-273) Black Cat Tours Press.Johnson Lewis, Jone. "Tituba and The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 ." https://www.thoughtco.com. 31 Mar. 2020. www.thoughtco.com/tituba-salem-witch-trials-3530572. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Schiff, Stacy. "Unraveling the Many Mysteries of Tituba, the Star Witness of the Salem Witch Trials ." https://www.smithsonianmag.com. 2 Nov. 2015. www.smithsonianmag.com/history/unraveling-mysteries-tituba-salem-witch-trials-180956960/. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Historical Society , New York. "Life Story: Tituba Survivor of the Salem Witch Hysteria ." https://wams.nyhistory.org. wams.nyhistory.org/settler-colonialism-and-revolution/settler-colonialism/tituba/. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.Museum , Salem Witch . "SALEM WITCH TRIALS CHRONOLOGY ." https://salemwitchmuseum.com. salemwitchmuseum.com/salem-witch-trials-chronology/. Accessed 5 Mar. 2023.

Jennie and Dianne discuss the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 in part one of a two part series.The Salem witch trials were a dark moment in American history that resulted in the execution of 20 people accused of witchcraft. The hysteria began in 1692 in the small Massachusetts town of Salem, when young girls started to exhibit strange behaviors that were attributed to the influence of witches. The accusations quickly spread, leading to a wave of arrests, trials, and executions. While the exact causes of the witch trials are still debated, it's clear that a combination of religious fervor, social tensions, and economic interests played a role in fueling the hysteria. Join us for this Ordinary Extraordinary story that changed the course of history not only for the community of Salem, but an entire country.Resources used to research include:Story, W. (1991). The Witchcraft Hysteria of Salem Town and Salem Village in 1692. (7th ed., 5-7) Willart Publishing .Museum , S. W. Salem Witch Museum Miscellany. (1-3 8) Salem Witch Museum .Brown, D. C. (2006). A Guide to the Salem Witchcraft Hysteria of 1692. (7th ed., 1-89) David C. Brown.Fury, D. (2021). If These Stones Could Speak The History and People of the Old Salem Burying Point. (1st ed., 231-273) Black Cat Tours Press.mosaic: Exploring Jewish Issuesmosaic is Jewish Federation of Palm Beach County's news podcastListen on: Apple Podcasts Spotify

Join Bridget of Weirdini's & Paragam along w/ co-host Dr. Mike Vitka of Spellbound Tours in Salem, Massachusetts as they explore local happenings and a topic of interest? This week, the hosts discuss the rumored tunnels of Salem. Are there secret tunnels running under the city? Have you seen them? Have you even heard of this? Well, explore the mystery and other "believe it or not" topics surrounding Salem's history.

The hysterical and violent fits of the young girls in Salem Village spreads from the family of Minister Samuel Parris to that of Thomas Putnam, the head household of one of the most powerful families in the village. When Elizabeth Hubbard, niece of the local doctor, begins to have fits the door is opened for legal action, as the other girls were too young to be witnesses in court. It is widely assumed that malefic witchcraft is taking place. Putnam goes with some supporters to Salem Town to make official accusations against local suspects. The accused are: Tituba, a native-American household slave of minister Parris; Sarah Good, a local beggar woman who is an embarrassment and a nuisance to the village, and Sarah Osborne, a scandalous figure who had gone against the Putnam family in court. The three women, all likely suspects for witchcraft are rounded up and brought into custody. All the while the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay colony live in constant terror of encroaching warfare in Maine and New Hampshire. All music written by Brian O'Connell except:“Long Cold Nights” from the collection of traditional fiddle tunes called “Apollo's Banquet” compiled by Henry Playford, 1690.   “Second Meter – Psalm 119” adapted from the Bay Psalm Book, 1698.Recorded at Studio Vinniechops, 2021-2022Episode IV Parts: Part I - “Long Cold Nights”Part II - Sarah Good, Mary Sibley's witch cake (music – “Long Cold Nights” & “Second Meter”)Part III - “A Perfect Storm” Part IV – “The Accused”Brian O'Connell – nylon and steel string acoustic guitars, electric 12-string guitar, bass guitar, piccolo bass guitar, acoustic and electric upright basses, piano, moog synthesizer, acoustic guitar w/ glass slide & ebow, cymbal, percussion, voiceRachel Koppelman – accordionA Perfect StormLong cold dark nightsGrowing shorter with each dayThe rains of MarchWinter washed awayTempest driving on the fieldsRoads turn into mudTo the west the river has overflowedAnd drowned the cowsFrom London comes a new charterNew government and lawsBlasphemers are welcome now In the land of puritansNew masters come to rule us allThe city on the hill will fallWar is coming from the EastBringing refugeesTelling tales of burning homesAnd mutilationsHow many have already turnedSigned their names into his bookIf we need someone to blameWe can provide a list of namesOur complaint we swore before the courtWe gave the names of the accusedMuch mischief done on our poor girlsThe constables have been sent out To bring them before the MagistratesSources  “The Salem Witch Trials – A Day-By-Day Chronicle of a Community Under Siege” by Marilynne K. Roach, Taylor Trade Publishing, 2002 "A Storm of Witchcraft - The Salem Witch Trials and the American Experience“ by Emerson W. Baker, Oxford University Press, 2015 "In the Devil's Snare - The Salem Witchcraft Crisis" by Mary Beth Norton, Vintage Books, 2002https://www.brianvoconnell.com/Support the show

  The history of witchcraft and witches in American film and television is truly fascinating and goes back to silent films! Patrick has a conversation with writer and journalist, Heather Greene, who wrote the amazing book, Lights, Camera, Witchcraft. Topics include The Craft (1996), the different incarnations of Sabrina the Teenage Witch, Hocus Pocus (1993), Satanic Panic, Rosemary's Baby (1968), the “Production Code”, the Wicked Witch of the West, boy witches, SCOTUS and the end of Roe v. Wade, and modern day witchcraft! Visit BigSeance.com/218 for more info. Other Listening Options Direct Download Link   In this episode: Episode Teaser :00 Intro :46 Heather Greene is a freelance writer, journalist, and editor. She received a BA in film at Wesleyan University and an MA in film studies from Emory University. She also studied film and theater at Cornell University and the University of Paris. Heather has written for Religion News Service, Turner Classic Movies, The Wild Hunt, Circle Magazine, Patheos.com, and other outlets. She is a member of Circle Sanctuary, Covenant of the Goddess, and the Religion Newswriters Association. 1:28 Book description for Lights, Camera, Witchcraft: A Critical History of Witches in American Film and Television. 2:18 Patrick did homework as he progressed through the book, and went down several rabbit holes! 3:58 Reclaiming the name. “The witch has been with us since recorded history.” 4:55 Three Sovereigns for Sarah (1985), Rose O' Salem Town (1910), The Cavalier's Dream (1898), The Witch (2015), and The Craft (1996)! 6:53 The Craft was a watershed film for teenagers and witchcraft in general! 7:55 For extra fun, watch the films as you progress through the book. 8:25 The different incarnations of Sabrina the Teenage Witch. 9:50 The main categories of witches in the history of film include the accused woman, the wild woman, the fantasy witch, and the “other”. Also discussed here are vamp witches (the wicked queen, Jennifer from 1942's I Married a Witch), the witch next door (Sabrina, Jillian from 1958's Bell, Book and Candle, Samantha, Morticia), the teenage witch (The Craft, Sabrina, Charmed, Twitches, Harry Potter), satanic witches, and the clown witch (1993's Hocus Pocus). 12:03 Women's power and Hollywood's treatment of witches. 16:19 This episode of the Big Seance is brought to you by Jim Harold's Campfire! Tune in for true and fascinating stories as told by ordinary people who've had extraordinary experiences. Find it on Apple Podcasts, Spotify or wherever you listen to The Big Seance. 20:51 Satanic panic, Hocus Pocus (1993), and more on girl power films and TV. 23:08 Until Rosemary's Baby (1968), the film industry's Production Code took a lot of the fun and freedom out of witchcraft storylines. 25:18 In 1972, Raymond Buckland was probably the first to consult Hollywood on witchcraft in films. 29:38 Hollywood's affect on modern witchcraft. 31:26 More on satanic panic and the controversy with Margaret Hamilton (the Wicked Witch of the West from 1939's The Wizard of Oz) on Mr. Rogers' Neighborhood and Sesame Street. 33:32 Boys can't be witches, can they? 37:54 The Covenant (2009) 41:30 “The witch is always going to be the liminal figure that's pushing the boundaries. She's forever going to be an activist, so to speak. She's always going to be someone who's not at the center of society. So she's going to push the boundaries.” 43:14 “How do you make a thousand witches with one SCOTUS decision?” Final thoughts from Heather Greene! 45:58 A special THANK YOU to Patreon supporters at the Super Paranerd and Parlor Guest level! 48:04 Outro 50:20   For more on Heather Greene HeatherGreene.net Lights, Camera, Witchcraft: A Critical History of Witches in American Film and Television (Amazon)   The Big Seance Podcast can be found right here, on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Pandora, Spotify, TuneIn Radio, Stitcher, Amazon Music, and iHeart Radio. Please subscribe and share with a fellow paranerd! Do you have any comments or feedback? Please contact me at Patrick@BigSeance.com. Consider recording your voice feedback directly from your device on my SpeakPipe page! You can also call the show and leave feedback at (775) 583-5563 (or 7755-TELL-ME). I would love to include your voice feedback in a future show. The candles are already lit, so come on in and join the séance!  

In this episode Dianne and Jennie learn about one man's heartache and how it led him to build a magnificent mausoleum and gorgeous Victorian mansion. John Bowman built his wealth owning several tanneries and selling leather goods to the Union army during the civil war. However, his true happiness was the love he showered on his wife and daughters and when he lost them he he built the magnificent Laurel Glen Mausoleum and Laurel Hall right across the street in Cuttingsville, Vermont. The second story in this episode revolves around Rebecca Nurse and the Nurse family cemetery located in Danvers, Massachusetts. Rebecca Nurse was one of 19 victims hanged during the Salem witchcraft hysteria of 1692 and her home is the only one left where a victim of the witch trials actually lived. Included on that property is a family cemetery where it has been rumored for nearly 300 years that Rebecca may be buried. Come along as we explore these Ordinary Extraordinary stories in this episode of the Ordinary Extraordinary Cemetery podcast.Link to YouTube video SFC Ray Adam Archuletta: https://youtu.be/tSJc7T3OQ1oResources used to research this episode include: "Statement of Significance and History ." https://www.uvm.edu/. www.uvm.edu/histpres/HPJ/NR/laurel/stmtsig.html. Accessed 29 May 2022.Rutland Daily Herald, and Marjorie A Pierce. "JOHN P. BOWMAN - LAUREL HALL AND LAUREL GLEN CEMETERY ." http://shrewsburyhistoricalsociety.com/. shrewsburyhistoricalsociety.com/html/People/bowman.html. Accessed 29 May 2022.Lyons, Olivia. "Bowman mansion and mausoleum to be honored with historical marker ." https://www.wcax.com/. 5 Nov. 2021. www.wcax.com/2021/11/05/bowman-mansion-mausoleum-be-honored-with-historical-marker/. Accessed 29 May 2022.Gilkenson, Dennis. "John Porter Bowman and Laurel Hall / Laurel Glen Mausoleum ." https://www.hmdb.org/. 23 Apr. 2022. www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=196205. Accessed 29 May 2022.Thibault, Amanda. "This Place in History: Laurel Hall and Laurel Glen Mausoleum ." https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.mychamplainvalley.com/. 1 June 2020. www.google.com/amp/s/www.mychamplainvalley.com/ask-the-expert/vermont-historical-society/this-place-in-history-laurel-hall-and-laurel-glen-mausoleum/amp/. Accessed 29 May 2022.John, Frederick. "Cashing In on an Old Haunt ." https://www.nytimes.com/. 27 Oct. 1974. www.nytimes.com/1974/10/27/archives/cashing-in-on-an-old-haunt-cashing-in-on-an-old-haunt.html. Accessed 29 May 2022.Bowman, Jeff. "Ella Bowman." https://www.findagrave.com/. www.findagrave.com/memorial/8544920/ella-h-bowman. Accessed 29 May 2022.Bowman, Jeff. "Addie Bowman." https://www.findagrave.com/. www.findagrave.com/memorial/8544924/addie-i-bowman. Accessed 29 May 2022.Bowman, Jeff. "Jennie E. Gates Bowman ." https://www.findagrave.com/. www.findagrave.com/memorial/8544917/jennie-e-bowman. Accessed 29 May 2022. "John Porter Bowman ." https://www.findagrave.com/. www.findagrave.com/memorial/3567/john-porter-bowman. Accessed 29 May 2022. "About Us." https://www.rebeccanurse.org/. www.rebeccanurse.org/about-us/. Accessed 29 May 2022. "Rebecca Nurse." https://en.m.wikipedia.org/. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebecca_Nurse. Accessed 29 May 2022.Story, William. The Witchcraft Hysteria of Salem Town and Salem Village in 1692. Peabody, Willart Publishing, 2007.Brooks, Rebecca Beatrice. "The Witchcraft Trial of Rebecca Nurse ." https://historyofmassachusetts.org/. 5 Nov. 2012. historyofmassachusetts.org/the-trial-of-rebecca-nurse/. Accessed 29 May 2022. "Rebecca Nurse Homestead." https://salemwitchmuseum.com/. salemwitchmuseum.com/locations/rebecca-nurse-homestead/. Accessed 29 May 2022.

Salem Village vs. Salem Town. This week Maya updates listeners on significant events from February 1-6, 1692, with a special focus on the tensions between Salem Village and Salem Town. Sarah Good also enters our story and we take a look at her background and place within the Village community. Want to go deeper into the Salem Witch Trials? Become a member and gain access to exclusive bonus materials: illusorytime.com/salem-oracle

"The unit travels to Salem Town for an annual witch celebration, but an unexpected disturbance throws the proceedings into chaos." Episode 2 - Abigail's nemesis, Tally is sad, and how to provide exposition to adventurers Music provided by astrofreq on pixabay.com Motherland: Fort Salem is available on Hulu

Rachel and Leah, co-hosts of Hashtag History podcast, join me on the mic to spit some major knowledge about the Salem Witch Trials. In 1692, over 200 people were accused of witchcraft following a mass hysteria in Salem Village, MA. The witch hunt started with women but eventually spread among every demographic within the Puritan community, including children. There are many theories and assumptions as to what sparked this mass hysteria of demonic possession, but one things for sure, Massachusetts is still PISSED AF about it. If you enjoy this episode, share it with a witchy woo-woo friend! Looking for a way to support the show? Check out our new Support Feature: https://supporter.acast.com/mimosasisterhoodpodcastSHOW NOTESIn this episode, we talk about:Hashtag History, a podcast that explores History's greatest stories of controversy, conspiracy, and corruption. Leah's Witch Bitch cocktail! Tune in for the recipe.Witch Tok on TikTokSalem Village vs. Salem Town during the 1600sPuritan beliefs about women being vehicles of the devil How gender, race, and socioeconomic status correlated to those being accused of witchcraft. Using "witch cakes" and dogs to determine who was a witch The multiple theories - food poisoning, bored children, money and powerSalem, MA in 2021Woman of the weekRESOURCESHashtag History's website: WebsiteHashtag History's Instagram: InstagramHashtag History's Salem Witch Trials Episode: Part 1Hashtag History's Salem Witch Trials Episode: Part 2Unobscured, Season 1: Salem Witch Trials: Listen HereFollow Mimosa Sisterhood on Instagram: InstagramSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/mimosasisterhoodpodcast. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

During the extremely cold winter of 1692 an intense frustration has been building in Salem Village, a small farming community up the road from the more prosperous and worldly port city of Salem Town. Many factors are coalescing into a perfect storm: the repressive nature of the Calvinistic Puritan church, the limited prospects for girls and young women, the village resistance to the conservative and overbearing minister Samuel Parris, and a terrifying new war that is breaking out with the French in Canada and their Native allies. During the months of January and February several young girls in the households of Minister Parris and his close ally Thomas Putnam begin to exhibit extremely wild and disturbing behavior. They contort their bodies, go mute and stiff, run about the house wildly, and scream obscenities. The girls are not the first to act in this way, just a few years before in nearby Boston the children of the Goodwin household acted in the same manner, resulting in a neighboring Irish servant woman being put to death as an accused witch. The fits of the girls in Salem Village are determined to be the results of witchcraft and three women are accused, including Minister Parris's slave Tituba. All music written by Brian O'Connell except "Cambridge Short Tune - Psalm 70" adapted from the Bay Psalm Book, 1698.Episode 3 Parts: Part I - Village and TownPart II - Fear of God (Cambridge Short Tune - Psalm 70)Part III - King William's WarPart IV - The FitsPart V - (Cambridge Short Tune reprise)Brian O'Connell - voice, piano, upright bass, acoustic 12-string guitar, bri-lo, percussionRachel Koppelman - accordionMilo Koppelman-Lauria - screamingRecorded at Studio VinniechopsSources "Diares of Samuel Sewall" by Samuel Sewall, 1672-1729"More Wonders of the Invisible World: or the Wonders of the Invisible World Displayed in Five Parts" by Robert Calef, 1700 "A brief and true narrative of some remarkable passages relating to sundry persons afflicted by witchcraft, in Salem Village: which happened from the nineteenth of March, to the fifth of April, 1692" by Deodat Lawson, 1692"A Modest Inquiry Into The Nature Of Witchcraft" by John Hale, 1702"Memorable Providences, Relating To Witchcrafts And Possessions" by Cotton Mather, 1689"A Storm of Witchcraft - The Salem Witch Trials and the American Experience“ by Emerson W. Baker, Oxford University Press, 2015"In the Devil's Snare - The Salem Witchcraft Crisis" by Mary Beth Norton, Vintage Books, 2002Support the show (https://venmo.com/Brian-OConnell-74537)

Samuel Parris takes on the job as minister to Salem Village, a marginalized farming community split by rivalry and controversy. Salem Village is overshadowed by the larger and much more prosperous Salem Town, one of the two largest towns in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The colony is ruled by the Puritans, who have broken away from the Church of England and colonized New England in hopes of creating a model Christian society, a "City on a Hill”. Crisis evolves as newer generations lack the religious enthusiasm of the founders. Hardship presses down on the colony on many fronts: war with Native tribes, disease epidemics, religious controversy, political and economic crisis. The entry of Parris into the powder keg that is Salem Village sets off a firestorm of persecution and retribution. Episode 1 Parts: Part I - The Parsonage - Parris, with his family and Tituba, come to Salem Village Part II - The City on the Hill - the story of the Puritans and New England (music - Psalm 119 from the Bay Psalm Book) Part III - The Great Migration (w/ some lyrics borrowed from Michael Wigglesworth’s poem: “God’s Controversy with New England”, 1662) Part IV - Village vs. Town Part V - The Parsonage Reprise (w/ text taken from the sermon book of Samuel Parris, 1690-1691) The Great Migration We have crossed the ocean of rebirthPlanted seeds in this God given earth Behold the pleasures of the fruitful fieldsFlowing full of all good things that they yield Realize his will Let the world see the city on the hillHis word shall be fulfilled, his kingdom we shall build*Search your soul and pray for holy graceConfess your sins let the tears baptize your face Only a very few are chosen to be savedThe Devil takes the rest for his own to be enslaved By searching deep withinYou might find a clue and then beginTo see the holy truth, to realize your sin* We brought ourselves to plant on the western shoreWhere none but beasts and warriors did swarm One wave another follow and one disease beginsBefore another cease because we turn not from our sins Our fruitful seasons cast in doubtThrough great pain and dry and parching droughtDefenders in a route, our hopes are all dashed out*The clouds gather as if we finally will see rainBut for our sinfulness are scattered round again We pray and fast as if to take a turnBut we turn not and our fields and fruits will burn Oh sinful land don’t think it strangeIf judgement comes down on you unless you changeThe Devil in a rage, affairs must rearrangeBrian O'Connell - voice, bass guitar, fretless bass, 8-string bass, piccolo bass (solo on The Great Migration), 6 and 12-string acoustic guitars, keyboards, moog synthesizers, bass drum Mike Harmon - drums, cymbals, percussion Recorded at Studio Vinniechops and Wachusett Recording Sources"A Storm of Witchcraft - The Salem Witch Trials and the American Experience“ by Emerson W. Baker, Oxford University Press, 2015 "Salem Possessed - The Social Origins of Witchcraft“ by Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, Harvard University Press, 1974 "The Puritans in America - Narrative Anthology”edited by Alan Heimert and Andrew Delbanco, Harvard University Press, 1985Support the show (https://venmo.com/Brian-OConnell-74537)

Please be aware the stories, theories, re-enactments and language in this podcast are of an adult nature and can be disturbing, frightening and in some cases offensive. Listener Discretion is advised – there is very adult content ahead and you have been warned. Welcome heathens welcome to the world of the weird and unexplained. I’m your host, Nicole Delacroix and together, we will be investigating stories about the weird, wonderful, unexplained, eerie, scary and down-right unbelievable. There will be tales of ghosts, murder, supernatural beings and unexplained mysteries. So, sit back, grab your favorite drink, relax and prepare to be transported to today's dark Enigma.... And on today’s Dark enigma I’m sad to announce that we have come to the end of our Witchtober festivities, so we’ll be moving back into our regular programming for the rest of the year. But, of course, we save the best for last. That’s right my lovelies, we’re finally going to be covering the Salem witch trials. So settle in and get ready to shine a light on this dark time in American History. As always, we will be playing our drinking game and as you know, the drinking game is only for those of us that are at home and have nowhere else to go tonight. I will leave the choice of witchy brew up to you, so choose your poison accordingly… Alright, now for the game part how about every time I say Salem that will be a single shot and every time I say Devil, that’s a double shot. So if you were sleeping through history class or never saw the Crucible performed, well you’re going to be front row for the Salem witch trials. Ok, now that the business end is out of the way we can jump headfirst into today’s dark enigma… and the Mass Hysteria and scape goating leading to the Salem Witch Trials let’s jump right on in my heathens… Several centuries ago, many practicing Christians, and those of other religions, had a strong belief that the Devil could give certain people known as witches the power to harm others in return for their loyalty. A "witchcraft craze" rippled through Europe from the 1300s to the end of the 1600s. Tens of thousands of supposed witches—mostly women—were executed. Though the Salem trials came on just as the European craze was winding down, local circumstances explain their onset. In 1689, English rulers William and Mary started a war with France in the American colonies; known as King William's War to colonists, it ravaged regions of upstate New York, Nova Scotia and Quebec, sending refugees into the county of Essex and, specifically, Salem Village in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. (Salem Village is present-day Danvers, Massachusetts; colonial Salem Town became what's now Salem.)

Alex and Matt return, this time to discuss the social, political and material origins of the Salem Witch Trials. Indian and imperial war trauma in the late 1600s. The Glorious Revolution and the coup of Andros by puritan leaders in Massachusetts. The economic divide between mercantile Salem Town and the agricultural offshoot that was ground zero for the outbreak, Salem Village. Increase and Cotton Mather's responsibility in spreading belief in witches. The difference between witch hunts and awakenings being in the interpretation of adults. Gender and witch accusations. George Burrough's perfect recitation of the Lord's prayer. Sleep paralysis, conversion disorder, and fraud as all explanations for the witch accusations. Cotton Mather's damage control for the Puritan theocracy, The Wonders of the Invisible World. European witch history. @Alecks_Guns, @MattLech @LitHangover References: Baker, Emerson W. 2016. Storm of Witchcraft: The Salem Trials and the American Experience. New York: Oxford Univ Press. Boyer, Paul S., and Stephen Nissenbaum. 1974. Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft. Hill, Frances. 2002. A Delusion of Satan: The Full Story of the Salem Witch Trials. Cambrigde, MA.: Da Capo Press. Glorious Revolution by Jabzy on Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g77WJU3aQEA))

It was a frightening time in 1690s Colonial Massachusetts – especially in Salem Town and Salem Village. In addition to frequent attacks from Native Americans, smallpox epidemics and religious intolerance, Salem was afflicted by one of the most legendary tragedies in American history: witchcraft. The Salem Witch Trials led to the execution of nearly 20 individuals living in Salem, and the arrests of more than 150. How did this happen so quickly? Was there evidence of witchcraft, or is this all just a hysterical mess? Dr. Jerra Jenrette, who teaches American history at Edinboro University, digs into the history and myths of the Salem Witch Trials and offers some explanations for how such a tragedy could have occurred... And if history could possibly repeat itself.

It was the OG of witch hunts in what would become the United States. Between January and October of 1692, hundreds of colonists in and around Salem Village and Salem Town were accused of one of the worst possible things you could be accused of: Witchcraft. There was no way to defend yourself as neighbors, friends and family pointed the finger at you and accused you of signing the Devil's book while your spirit tormented others. And at the center of it all was an unlikely group of accusers: Girls. Teenagers and children suddenly had the attention of everyone as they became the main people to point the finger. At the end of it all, 20 innocent people would be killed as "witches." To this day, it's a piece of history that still baffles many. Why did it happen? How did it happen? And how do we make sure it doesn't happen again? 

Welcome back for another amazing episode from the Nerds, it is full of fun stuff, amazing science, and some crazy stuff. We hope as always that you enjoy it and perhaps by accident or intentionally learn something cool. I remember when I found out about chemistry, It was a long, long way from here, I was old enough to want it but younger than I wanted to be, Suddenly my mission was clear… All about chemistry. OK, I know that is the song Chemistry by Semisonic, but it relates to our first topic from Buck, which is all about chemistry and producing oxygen on Mars, Comets, and interplanetary space travel. That’s right we are one step closer to science fiction becoming reality once more. Honestly, where would the world be without science, science fiction, or Nerds to think up the impossible dreams? Although we must apologise for the zombie apocalypse resulting from the advancements in technology; otherwise known as reality television, social media, or just uncontrollable gaming. But, all that aside scientist have found a way to change carbon-dioxide (CO2) into beautiful oxygen (O2). That’s right, you heard us correctly, and it doesn’t involve a chemical scrubber like those currently used on submarines. No, this alters the very nature of the chemical bonds on a molecular level in a whole new way. By the power of Greyskull, someone has the power. That’s right folks, He-Man is coming back to our screens in the near future it seems. DJ has brought us news that a new extension to the story of He-Man is in the works, he says it is an anime, but we aren’t sold. But it is exciting that it appears to not be a rebirth or re-imagining. But then again that is those weirdos over at Disney doing all the remakes, except for the unfortunate incident with She-Ra. Whoever is responsible for that fiasco is a greater villain than Skeletor and Hordak combined. Seriously, it was traumatic to see what had happened there. With the contentiousness of is it going to be able to claim the title of an anime aside, He-Man is looking promising. Next we have the Professor bringing us news about the censorship of a few games in Australia and the impact that is having on the world. Now we normally don’t agree with a lot of the issues in censorship, or Material Ratings as they are referred to, but this time there is some merit. This topic is one in which the Nerds have a heated debate, and Buck really gets fired up, DJ gets angry and the Professor needs a whip and chair to keep them apart. So if you feel strongly about the topic of censorship this might be a poignant topic for you. We apologise if we offend anyone during this section (I know we don’t normally, but hey). Let us know what you think on the matter, is Buck an old fart that needs to be exhibited in a museum, is the DJ taking the matter too light, is it somewhere in between (like the Professor). As always we have the games played this week, which is looking interesting. Also the weekly shout outs, remembrances, birthdays, and events of interest. As always stay safe, look out for each other and stay hydrated.EPISODE NOTES:Comet chemistry - https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/comet-inspires-chemistry-making-breathable-oxygen-marsHe-Man Anime - https://comicbook.com/anime/2019/08/19/he-man-anime-synopsis-kevin-smith-netflix/DayZ Banned in Australia - https://www.kotaku.com.au/2019/08/dayz-pc-ps4-xbox-one-banned-completely-australia/Games currently playingBuck– Dungeons and Dragons - https://dnd.wizards.com/Professor- https://store.steampowered.com/app/861540/Dicey_Dungeons/DJ – Mortal Kombat 11- https://www.mortalkombat.com/Other topics discussedChemistry – SemisonicPublished on Oct 7, 2009Music video by Semisonic performing Chemistry. (C) 2001 Geffen RecordsCategory Music Song CHEMISTRYWritersDan WilsonLicensed to YouTube byLatinAutor - Warner Chappell, PEDL, LatinAutor, ASCAP, UNIAO BRASILEIRA DE EDITORAS DE MUSICA - UBEM, Warner Chappell, LatinAutor - PeerMusic, and 5 Music Rights Societieshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgCVR2pjXc0Rihanna feat. Drake – Work (2016 song)- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HL1UzIK-flAComet- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CometTotal Recall (1990 film)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Recall_(1990_film)Climate Change in China- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_ChinaCarbon Dioxide scrubber- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide_scrubberSolar Impulse (Swiss long-range experimental solar-powered aircraft project)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_ImpulseCanadian company sells bottled air to China- https://edition.cnn.com/2015/12/15/asia/china-canadian-company-selling-clean-air/index.htmlMost expensive bottle of water- https://alvinology.com/2008/04/15/worlds-most-expensive-bottled-water/Oxygen bars- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_barHe-Man – What’s Up- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjVugzSR7HAMore details about He-Man- https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/kevin-smith-creating-new-he-man-animated-series/- https://www.bleedingcool.com/2019/08/18/masters-of-the-universe-revelation-kevin-smith-netflix-to-continue-original-animated-series/Western Anime TV shows- Avatar: The Last Airbender (2005 series) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatar:_The_Last_Airbender- Teen Titans (2003 series) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teen_Titans_(TV_series)She-Ra and the Princesses of Power (2018 series)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/She-Ra_and_the_Princesses_of_PowerComparison of She-Ra in the 1985 series and her 2018 redesign- https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/1c/She-Ra_comparison.png- https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5qOlZ2u2Duk/W_IqVYCvmpI/AAAAAAADlPQ/eYUrEFWP1vcr0ljMgVFsJZ-sLeASo2GDwCLcBGAs/s1600/shera-shera.jpgNetflix fires Kids & Family Executives- https://deadline.com/2019/08/netflix-layoffs-executives-kids-family-1202687407/Netflix market value drops- https://www.forbes.com/sites/noahkirsch/2019/07/24/as-growth-slows-netflix-market-value-drops-26-billion-in-a-week/Acorn TV (American subscription streaming service)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorn_TV- https://acorn.tv/Reasons why Netflix are cancelling its original programs- https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/08/20/4-reasons-netflix-cancels-its-original-programs.aspxGame of Thrones creator: End of Game of Thrones on TV was a liberation- https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/aug/17/george-rr-martin-game-thrones-writer-end-of-show-was-liberationGame of thrones book ending will be different to the show ending – Geroge R Martin- https://people.com/tv/george-rr-martin-game-of-thrones-books-end-differently-show/Anime reboots to TV series- Ghost in the Shell : Stand Along Complex (2002 series) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_in_the_Shell:_Stand_Alone_Complex- Appleseed - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appleseed_(manga)#AnimeSamurai Jack (2001 TV Series)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samurai_JackFallout 3 (2008 game)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallout_3Joy Pill (We Happy Few game item)- https://we-happy-few.fandom.com/wiki/JoyLisa Simpson taking happy pills- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxkDytaDI0wBanned video games in Australia- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banned_video_games_in_AustraliaBanned movies- Tender Loving Care (1998 Interactive movie) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tender_Loving_Care_(video_game)- Nymphomaniac (2013 movie) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphomaniac_(film)Other banned movies- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banned_filmsNoddy the TV series banned- https://www.independent.co.uk/news/the-truth-about-how-noddy-was-framed-1256823.htmlBill Henson (controversial art photographer)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_HensonMichael Atkinson (former Australian politician opposed to R18+ for games)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_AtkinsonMortal Kombat 11 new content- New character: Nightwolf - https://mortalkombat.fandom.com/wiki/Nightwolf- Kombat Pack Roster Reveal Trailer - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRjbIuJWtlgDisney vs Sony standoff- https://deadline.com/2019/08/kevin-feige-spider-man-franchise-exit-disney-sony-dispute-avengers-endgame-captain-america-winter-soldier-tom-rothman-bob-iger-1202672545/Future Disney princesses- Sarah Connor (Terminator character) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Connor_(Terminator)- Ellen Ripley (Alien character) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_RipleyThe Humour Experiment (TNC Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/thehumourexperimentShoutouts19 Aug 1692 – Salem witch trials: In Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay, five people, one woman and four men, including a clergyman, are executed after being convicted of witchcraft. More than 200 people were accused, 19 of whom were found guilty and executed byhanging (14 women and 5 men). One other man, Giles Corey, was crushed to death for refusing to plead, and at least five people died in jail. It was the deadliest witch hunt in the history of colonial North America. Despite being generally known as the Salem witch trials, the preliminary hearings in 1692 were conducted in several towns: Salem Village (now Danvers), Salem Town, Ipswich, and Andover. The most infamous trials were conducted by the Court of Oyer and Terminer in 1692 in Salem Town. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_witch_trials19 Aug 1953 – Cold War: The CIA and MI6 help to overthrow the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi the last Shah of Iran. While the coup is at times referred to in the West as Operation Ajax after its CIA cryptonym, in Iran it is referred to as the 28 Mordad 1332 Coup d'état, after its date on the Iranian calendar. Mosaddegh was imprisoned for three years, then put under house arrest until his death and was buried in his own home so as to prevent a political furore. In 2013, the U.S. government formally acknowledged the U.S. role in the coup, as a part of its foreign policy initiatives. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat19 Aug 1967 - Beatles' "All You Need is Love" single goes #1. In a statement to Melody Maker magazine, Brian Epstein, the band's manager, said of "All You Need Is Love": "It was an inspired song and they really wanted to give the world a message. The nice thing about it is that it cannot be misinterpreted. It is a clear message saying that love is everything." Lennon later attributed the song's simple lyrical statements to his liking of slogans and television advertising. He likened the song to a propaganda piece, adding: "I'm a revolutionary artist. My art is dedicated to change." - https://www.stereogum.com/2018942/the-number-ones-the-beatles-all-you-need-is-love/franchises/the-number-ones/19 Aug 2013 – The Dhamara Ghat train accident kills at least 37 people in the Indian state of Bihar. At least 37 people were killed and 24 were injured. The accident triggered a protest by passengers who beat the driver unconscious, attacked staff and torched two coaches of the train. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhamara_Ghat_train_accidentRemembrances12 Aug 2019 - Danny Cohen, a distinguished computer scientist who helped develop the first digital visual flight simulator for pilot training, early digital voice conferencing and cloud computing. Cohen was a graduate student at Harvard University in the late 1960s when he helped develop the first computerized flight simulation system on a general-use computer. The design re-created aircraft flight and the landscape it travelled above. He was involved in the ARPAnet project and helped develop various fundamental applications for the Internet. Cohen is probably best known for his 1980 paper "On Holy Wars and a Plea for Peace" which adopted the terminology of endianness for computing (a term borrowed from Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels). He died from Parkinson's disease at the age of 81 in Palo Alto, California. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny_Cohen_(computer_scientist)19 Aug 1662 - Blaise Pascal, French mathematician,physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic theologian. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen. Pascal's earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalising the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote in defence of the scientific method. Pascal was an important mathematician, helping create two major new areas of research: he wrote a significant treatise on the subject of projective geometry at the age of 16, and later corresponded with Pierre de Fermat on probability theory, strongly influencing the development of modern economics and social science. Following Galileo Galilei and Torricelli, in 1647, he rebutted Aristotle's followers who insisted that nature abhors a vacuum. Pascal's results caused many disputes before being accepted. He died from stomach cancer at the age of 39 in Paris. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal19 Aug 1822 - Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, French mathematician and astronomer. He was also director of the Paris Observatory, and author of well-known books on the history of astronomy like the Histoire de l'astronomie from ancient times to the 18th century. Delambre was one of the first astronomers to derive astronomical equations from analytical formulas, was the author of Delambre's Analogies. He was a knight (chevalier) of the Order of Saint Michael and of the Légion d'honneur. His name is also one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel tower. The crater Delambre on the Moon is named after him. He died at the age of 72 in Paris. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Joseph_Delambre19 Aug 1977 - Groucho Marx, American comedian, writer, stage, film, radio, and television star. A master of quick wit, he is widely considered one of America's greatest comedians. He made 13 feature films with his siblings the Marx Brothers, of whom he was the third-born. He also had a successful solo career, most notably as the host of the radio and television game show You Bet Your Life. His distinctive appearance, carried over from his days in vaudeville, included quirks such as an exaggerated stooped posture, spectacles, cigar, and a thick greasepaint moustache and eyebrows. These exaggerated features resulted in the creation of one of the most recognizable and ubiquitous novelty disguises, known as Groucho glasses: a one-piece mask consisting of horn-rimmed glasses, a large plastic nose, bushy eyebrows and moustache. He died from pneumonia at the age of 86 at the age of 86 in Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles,California. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groucho_Marx19 Aug 1994 - Linus Pauling, American chemist,biochemist,peace activist, author, educator, and husband of American human rights activist Ava Helen Pauling. He published more than 1,200 papers and books, of which about 850 dealt with scientific topics. New Scientist called him one of the 20 greatest scientists of all time, and as of 2000, he was rated the 16th most important scientist in history. Pauling was one of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and molecular biology. Pauling also worked on the structures of biological molecules, and showed the importance of the alpha helix and beta sheet in protein secondary structure. His discoveries inspired the work of James Watson,Francis Crick, and Rosalind Franklin on the structure of DNA, which in turn made it possible for geneticists to crack the DNA code of all organisms. In his later years he promoted nuclear disarmament, as well as orthomolecular medicine, megavitamin therapy, and dietary supplements. For his scientific work, Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954. For his peace activism, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962. He is one of four individuals to have won more than one Nobel Prize (the others being Marie Curie,John Bardeen and Frederick Sanger). He died from prostate cancer at the age of 93 in Big Sur, California - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_PaulingFamous birthdays19 Aug 1871 – Orville Wright, one half of the Wright Brothers who were two American aviation pioneers generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft with the Wright Flyer on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05, the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft, the Wright Flyer III. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible. The brothers' breakthrough was their creation of a three-axis control system, which enabled the pilot to steer the aircraft effectively and to maintain its equilibrium. This method remains standard on fixed-wing aircraft of all kinds. He was born in Dayton, Ohio - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_brothers19 Aug 1921 – Gene Roddenberry, American television screenwriter,producer and creator of the original Star Trek television series, and its first spin-off The Next Generation. Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war. Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television. As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for Highway Patrol, Have Gun–Will Travel, and other series, before creating and producing his own television series The Lieutenant. In 1964, Roddenberry created Star Trek, which premiered in 1966 and ran for three seasons before being cancelled. He then worked on other projects, including a string of failed television pilots. The syndication of Star Trek led to its growing popularity; this, in turn, resulted in the Star Trek feature films, on which Roddenberry continued to produce and consult. In 1985, he became the first TV writer with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and he was later inducted by both the Science Fiction Hall of Fame and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Hall of Fame. Years after his death, Roddenberry was one of the first humans to have his ashes carried into earth orbit. The popularity of the Star Trek universe and films has inspired films, books, comic books, video games, and fan films set in the Star Trek universe. He was born in El Paso, Texas. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Roddenberry19 Aug 1944 – Charles Wang, American businessman and philanthropist who was a co-founder and CEO of Computer Associates International, Inc. (later renamed to CA Technologies). Wang grew Computer Associates into one of the country's largest software vendors. Wang authored two books to help executives master technology: Techno Vision and Techno Vision II. He was a minority owner (and past majority owner) of the NHL's New York Islanders ice hockey team and their AHL affiliate, an investor in numerous businesses, and benefactor to charities including Smile Train, the World Childhood Foundation, the Islanders Children's Foundation and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, among others. He was born in Shanghai. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Wang19 Aug 1967 - Satya Nadella, engineer and Indian American business executive. He currently serves as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Microsoft, succeeding Steve Ballmer in 2014. He led a giant round of layoffs and flattened the organization (getting rid of middle managers). Before becoming chief executive, he was the Executive Vice President of Microsoft's Cloud and Enterprise Group, responsible for building and running the company's computing platforms. His tenure has emphasized openness to working with companies and technologies with which Microsoft also competes, including Apple Inc.,IBM and Dropbox. Under Nadella Microsoft revised its mission statement to "empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more". In comparison to founder Bill Gates's "a PC on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software", Nadella says that it is an enduring mission, rather than a temporal goal. His key goal has been transforming Microsoft’s corporate culture into one that values continual learning and growth. Nadella's leadership of Microsoft included a series of high-profile acquisitions of other companies, to redirect Microsoft's focus. His first major acquisition was of Mojang, a Swedish game company best known for the popular freeform computer building game Minecraft, in late 2014, for $2.5 billion. He followed that by purchasing Xamarin and LinkedIn in 2016, then GitHub in 2018. He was born Hyderabad, Telangana. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satya_NadellaEvents of interest19 Aug 1887 - Dmitri Mendeleev makes a solo ascent by balloon to an altitude of 11,500 feet (3.5 km) above Klin, Russia to observe an eclipse. - https://www.wired.com/2009/08/dayintech-0819/19 Aug 1940 – First flight of the B-25 Mitchell medium bomber. Named in honor of Major General William "Billy" Mitchell, a pioneer of U.S. military aviation. Used by many Allied air forces, the B-25 served in every theatre of World War II, and after the war ended, many remained in service, operating across four decades. Produced in numerous variants, nearly 10,000 B-25s were built. These included a few limited models such as the F-10 reconnaissance aircraft, the AT-24 crew trainers, and the United States Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_B-25_Mitchell19 Aug 1964 – Syncom 3, the first geostationary communication satellite, was launched. The satellite, in orbit near the International Date Line, had the addition of a wideband channel for television and was used to telecast the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo to the United States. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SyncomIntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssGeneral EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.com

The Salem Witch Trials were a bit of hysteria in Salem Town and Salem Village during 1692. 20 people were hung, crushed, or died in prisons. Hundreds more were accused. We dig deep and talk about ergot poisoning, hysteria, and how teenagers might be causing hangings out of boredom.   || More Human Echoes stuff: http://humanechoes.com || Become a member for BONUS PODCASTS: http://bit.ly/1NkSWnQ || Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HumanEchoes   Watch our Gaming Content: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNRKd5q0ZCV_NX85LePyPAA   Bad Ideas Podcast on iTunes: http://apple.co/2yrDfyx   Buy some T-shirts: http://bit.ly/1NetNNP   Join our Community Discord: https://discord.gg/vyMvJx7    Listen to Bad Ideas: https://youtu.be/8RDb6jlY_4A Watch Dirt Block: https://youtu.be/MfdHU-E_N70 Watch Dwarf Fortress: https://youtu.be/4shyDUgoc6c   You can also follow the Human Echoes Peeps on Twitter! @HumanEchoes @tsouthcotte @albert_berg @josephdevon @ManicPix  

In the beginnings of April 1692, Salem Town and Salem Village had never been more divided.  Two factions have emerged — those who supported the afflicted and those who believed they lie.  The lines have been drawn and more accusations and arrests are beginning to fly. This is the tale of the next two on […]

On this day in 1692, the Court of Oyer and Terminer convened in Salem Town, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem Witch Trials.

This week, we're simultaneously in both the years 1953 and 1692. Luckily our friends D & Ken from the Antiques Freaks podcast have arrived to help us interpret The Crucible. Ken has more sticky notes than pages inside his copy of the play, D teaches us about the House Un-American Activities Committee, Paris is perfectly sober unlike the last time the Antiques Freaks were guests on the show, and Chris is possessed by the ghost of Arthur Miller and reveals his plans to hunt witches with his arsenal of ... water. Many thanks to the following podcasts and books that helped us understand the political and cultural climate of Salem Village (Danvers) and Salem Town in 1692 and just how inaccurate Miller's play was: Podcasts: The History of Witchcraft Iconography Unobscured Books: A Storm of Witchcraft by Emerson W. Baker P.S. Listen to the album of the same name by the band Malleus if you're into black metal The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England by Carol F. Karlsen The Devil in Boston: A Play about the Salem Witchcraft Trials in Three Acts by Lion Feuchtwanger (the actual OG play about the HUAC and the Salem Witchcraft Trials) Under Household Government: Sex and Family in Puritan Massachusetts by M. Michelle Jarrett Morris The Witches by Stacy Schiff

In 17th-century Salem Village and Salem Town, women (and men) (and dogs) were accused of making a pact with Satan and signing his black book. The witch trials that followed are a historical spectacle surrounded by misconceptions and our modern interpretation of events. Your hosts Simone, Daniel, Tabitha, and Roman discuss what really went down as well as how the witch trials echoed through the McCarthy Era and the Satanic Panic. Plus, Simone's "acting skills", our high school performances of The Crucible, and whether kids today know what the Save icon is. Praise, condemnation, questions, and witchcraft accusals can be sent to blackmassappealpod@gmail.com.   LINKS The Enochian Keys Hillary Clinton as Satan Fighting Jesus: Russia FB Ads Pitting Americans Against Each Other Exposed Pew's study on religious demographics in the United States (We stated in the episode that non-Christian religions account for only 2% of the US population; in fact, it is 5.9%. We regret the error. It's still a pretty damn small number, though.) Five myths about the Salem witch trials (including the ergot theory) by Stacy Schiff Book: The Witches by Stacy Schiff Book: In the Devil's Snare: The Salem Witchcraft Crisis of 1692 by Mary Beth Norton Play: The Crucible by Arthur Miller 21st Century Witch Hunts GET IN TOUCH Facebook Twitter Instagram Patreon LEARN MORE Satanic San Francisco Satanic San Francisco Facebook Wicked Grounds Coffee Shop The Satanic Temple  

Alyson Horrocks from the Strange and Unusual Podcast took me on a tour of a historical site with a dark past. The site sits in a town called Danvers, but it was once Salem Village. This site was the culmination of a strange mix of religion, superstition, folklore, slavery, patriarchy, truth, and lies. A place where people’s imagination or secret motives ran wild and story or lie or desperate attempt at redemption led to the basis for one of the darkest times in colonial American History. What started as a search for freedom to pursue religion and all things good, and ended in a nondescript historical site and archaeological dig, has a sinister history with a story that is hard to tell and even harder to understand. Salem Village was settled in the late 1600s In 1970, Richard B. Trask started excavating the “Danvers Dig” 1688 Samuel Parris moved into the house that once stood at the dig. Parris brought an enslaved South American couple named John and Tituba. In 1692, the invisible world began to close around the Parris family. Using Venus Glass and taking a peek into the invisible world. How it’s human nature to be drawn to what is forbidden In January of 1693, Betty Parris daughter of Samuel, and cousin Abigail were stricken with mysterious illnesses. Sarah Good and her daughter visit the Parris home. Dr. Griggs determines the affliction of Betty and Abigail is supernatural in nature. Thomas Putnam goes to the Salem Town magistrates to file claims of witchcraft. A woman's final plea for freedom opens the floodgates of imagination and evil to begin a dark era of lies and persecution. Resources: The Salem Witch Trials: A Day-by-Day Chronicle of a Community Under Siege The Strange and Unusual Podcast Enjoyed this episode? Please support the show by rating, reviewing, and subscribing on iTunes. Please visit Pleasing Terrors, the podcast behind Old Charleston’s best ghost tour, on Facebook and Twitter!

[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”3.0.69″][et_pb_fullwidth_image src=”http://www.strangefulthings.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Banner_1200x250.jpg” url=”http://www.strangefulthings.com” animation=”off” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ show_in_lightbox=”off” url_new_window=”off” use_overlay=”off” border_style=”solid” custom_margin=”||1.5em|” /][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”3.0.69″][et_pb_fullwidth_post_title featured_image=”off” text_orientation=”center” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ title_font=”Amatic SC|on|||” title_font_size=”52px” /][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ custom_padding=”1px|0px|54px|0px” _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_layout=”light” text_orientation=”left” border_style=”solid”] Happy October, everyone! This week is a Ladies Night episode with Jenn bringing us the real story behind the Salem Witch Trials! Learn things you didn’t know, since Hollywood likes to dramatize stuff to the point of unrecognizable. [/et_pb_text][et_pb_audio title=”Salem Town, MA – The Salem Witch Trials” artist_name=”Strangeful Things” album_name=”Season 2 – Episode 20″ _builder_version=”3.0.69″ title_font=”Amatic SC|on|||” title_font_size=”46px” caption_line_height=”1em” background_image=”http://strangefulthings.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/night-in-a-mysterious-forest-with-fog-PECGGCU.jpg” custom_css_main_element=”box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px gray;” custom_css_audio_title=”text-shadow: 5px 5px 7px black” background_color=”#01579b” background_layout=”dark” border_style=”solid” audio=”http://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/strangefulthings/S2E20.mp3″ /][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding=”2px|0px|4px|0px”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_post_nav in_same_term=”off” prev_text=”%title” next_text=”%title” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ title_font=”|on|||” /][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section] The post Salem Town, MA – The Salem Witch Trials appeared first on Strangeful Things.

On this episode, Chris and Johnny visit a dark period in early American history. The Salem Witch Trials to place between February 1692 and May 1693 in Salem Town, Ipswich and other surrounding villages in colonial Massachusetts. The guys examine the events that led to the unfounded allegations and eventual executions of the innocent men and women accused of witchcraft.

On this week's 51%, it's witching hour. We speak with a Massachusetts state senator about a bill to exonerate a woman convicted during the Salem witch trials. Author Kate Laity teaches us about the history of magic, and we also speak with author and podcaster Pam Grossman about modern witchcraft, and why witches are a feminist icon. Guests: Massachusetts State Senator Diana DiZoglio; Rachel Christ-Doane, director of education at the Salem Witch Museum; Kate Laity; Pam Grossman, author of Waking the Witch: Reflections on Women, Magic, and Power 51% is a national production of WAMC Northeast Public Radio. Our producer is Jesse King, our executive producer is Dr. Alan Chartock, and our theme is “Lolita” by the Albany-based artist Girl Blue. Follow Along You're listening to 51%, a WAMC production dedicated to women's issues and stories. Thanks for joining us, I'm Jesse King. The spooky season is upon us, and it's one of my favorite times of the year. It means pumpkins, apple cider, leaf-peeping — and in upstate New York — a nice reprieve from the humidity of summer before diving into what is usually the months-long chill of winter. It also, of course, means Halloween, and growing up my go-to costume was a witch. I was a witch probably four or five times before I switched over to vampires and the occasional Little Red Riding Hood. Either I was ahead of the curve, or things really haven't changed, because despite the popularity of shows like Squid Game and the latest offerings from Marvel, Google's “Frightgeist” still predicts the most popular Halloween costume in 2021 will be the good, old-fashioned witch. So today we're talking about witches: why they're so popular, what modern witchcraft looks like, and how we got here, because the history of witches in the U.S. can certainly be a difficult read. And where else would we start other than the Salem witch trials? Every year, crowds flock to Salem, Massachusetts to learn more about the 1692, hysterical witch hunt and trials that left 20 people dead. More than 300 years later, groups are still trying to clear the names of everyone convicted. Democratic State Senator Diana DiZoglio is behind the latest bill, S.1016, to clear the name of Elizabeth Johnson Jr. "Actually, I heard about Elizabeth Johnson Jr. from a North Andover middle school class. Their teacher, Carrie LaPierre, had reached out to me and said that she and her students had been talking about somebody who was accused during the Salem witch trials," says DiZoglio. "She had never actually had her named cleared, unfortunately, even though all the others had actually had their names cleared. And I decided to file this bill at the request of the North Andover middle school students." Johnson was born around 1670 and lived in a part of Andover that's considered North Andover today. DiZoglio says S. 1016 would officially exonerate Johnson, adding her name to a resolve in Massachusetts general law that acknowledges that, while the Salem witch trials were lawful at the time, the laws by which they operated have long been abandoned. Until then, however, Johnson is technically the last remaining witch from the trials. There's been a lot of speculation about what really caused the Salem witch trials in the first place — whether there were actually "witches," whether the accusers were outright lying, or whether they suffered from a neurological illness called “conversion disorder,” caused by extreme psychological stress. To learn more, I got the chance to speak with Rachel Christ-Doane, the director of education at the Salem Witch Museum. She says a combination of factors had already put the community under a lot of pressure. "It's a pretty chaotic time in Salem Village, and also if we can zoom out, just Massachusetts Bay Colony, generally speaking. Salem Village was in the process of trying to separate from Salem Town in the early 1670s. They had been granted the right to have their own parish, which was a big step towards independence — they could attend to their you know, weekly church meetings a little closer to home. But a factional crisis erupted pretty early on, where half the village likes a ministerial candidate, the other half hates them, and they fight and they fight until they drive that candidate out of town, essentially," Christ-Doane explains. "By this point, they're on their fourth minister whose name is Samuel Paris. And he is kind of, you know, not the best in terms of smoothing over the factional divide. He's a very incendiary figure in and of itself. They're fighting about what his salary should be, he's demanding more. It's basically this kind of mess, you know, in the months leading up to January of 1692. So basically what starts it all is, in the home of Samuel Paris, we see his daughter and his niece become very ill. So their names are Betty Paris, who's 9 years old, and Abigail Williams, she's 11 years old. Betty and Abigail are falling to the ground. They're screaming, they're clutching their heads. They're making animal noises, and nobody can quite figure out what is wrong with the girls. So essentially, they try all the traditional remedies — there's a month of fasting and prayer and things like that. They call in the village doctor, and he looks at the girls and he says, 'I don't have a medical explanation for what's going on here. It looks to me like this is the work of the devil. This is bewitchment.' And that's really what kicks off the witchcraft trials, because now they need to find the witches who are in the community, who are supposedly tormenting these young girls." Christ-Doane says the Salem Witch Trials officially took place between June and September of 1692, and anywhere from 150 to 200 people from Salem and its surrounding communities were accused of witchcraft around this time. She says the accused could be any age, race or gender, but at the beginning, at least, they were mostly people who, for one reason or another, didn't fit in with the rest of society: women who were particularly outspoken, who fought publicly with their husbands, or older "spinsters," thought to be a burden on the community. Johnson was one of 28 people in her family to face accusations, including her mother, multiple aunts, and grandfather. Christ-Doane says the political landscape in Massachusetts only contributed to the frenzy. The colony was rewriting its laws and choosing officials as it worked through a new charter, and with alleged witches filling the jails in Essex County, Governor Sir William Phipps created an emergency court to oversee the trials, called the Court of Oyer and Terminer. "So essentially, they're told, do what you think is best. You know, base your decisions on English common law and English precedent, but do what you think is right, and what the situation demands. And that, unfortunately, leads to devastating consequences," Christ-Doane adds. "In the Court of Oyer and Terminer, you have the afflicted — so the girls who are supposedly being tormented by witchcraft — in the room, screaming, falling to the ground, claiming they're being tormented by the devil. And you as the accused have to defend yourself against this sea of writhing witnesses. And the really destructive decision that's made by the Court of Oyer and Terminer is their choice to accept something called spectral evidence. Spectral evidence is essentially based on the idea that a witch could theoretically project a spectral version of themselves, a ghostly version of themselves, out of their physical body that could go off across large distances and torment. And the victims of a spectral attack were the only ones who could see the specter. And so that means, if you were accused of witchcraft [and] standing before this court, you could have the witnesses pointing up to the rafters saying, 'I see the specter of Rebecca Nurse up on the ceiling. You can't see her, but I can, and that's how I know she's a witch.' And that was being used as enough evidence to convict and warrant executions during the Salem witch trials." Ultimately, 20 people were executed for witchcraft: 19 of them hanged, and another tortured to death. Johnson confessed to being a witch and was sentenced to death in 1963, but by then public opinion on the trials had soured. Christ-Doane says almost everyone in Salem had either spent time in jail, or knew someone in jail, and with his own wife among the accused, Governor Phipps disbanded the Court of Oyer and Terminer in October 1962. Johnson's execution was avoided, and she ultimately died an old woman in 1747, at the age of about 77. Christ-Doane says the Salem witch trials were the largest and harshest witch trials between England and its colonies — but they were far from the first. Ironically, being called a witch was sometimes more hazardous than the feared wrath of a witch. But it wasn't always that way. “Witch history” is hard to pin down, because quite frankly, belief in magic and people with magical abilities has existed for thousands of years, across nearly every culture — and each culture's definition of a witch is constantly evolving. But there was a time when magic was looked at a little more kindly. I got the chance to speak with Kate Laity, an award-winning author of several books spanning a range of genres, including Chastity Flame, Dream Book, How to Be Dull, and more. She also produces two audio programs, and while splitting her time between Hudson, New York, and Scotland, she teaches at the College of Saint Rose in Albany. She particularly specializes in medieval studies and literature. What prompted the start of witch trials in Europe? Well, especially in the Middle Ages, healing charms, for example — that we would see as sort of magic and not science — they would have seen as effective ways to deal with various kinds of health problems or other problems. There are a lot of journey charms, so you don't become injured or lost or imperiled on your journey. And there are of course, charms against having your cattle stolen. Again, if you think in old English, the word for "cattle" is also the word for "wealth." So this is a way of saying, "Don't steal my stuff." This is something that begins to change in the Middle Ages, where you have sort of two strands. There's the sort of folk magic that most people would be familiar with, and which, you know, continued from pre-Christian times into Christian times, because you just adapted it to the new belief. So instead of maybe praying to this or that god, you would just pray to the Christian God, and you would have masses said over — you know, there's a wonderful charm for when a field is not producing enough, where you take a piece of it out, and you do a variety of things to it, but then you take it to the church to be blessed, and you pour milk and honey and all these things into the ground, and then you put it back down. That's a way of restoring the kind of regenerative power that the field should have. But what you also have is a kind of learned magic that is practiced amongst the clergy, which is, you know, the monks who are reading all these books, and many of them during the Crusades, for example, a lot of books were coming up from the middle east through Spain, and a lot of books that were mathematics and more learning kinds of magic that were more about conjuration, about dealing with necromancy and talking to the dead, which was something that was completely alien to the average person. One scholar, Michael Bailey, argues that in the late Middle Ages, these things kind of get overlapped in a way that matters, because people in power were beginning to worry about unorthodox behaviors within the Church. And this is what in the early modern period — not the medieval, in the early modern period — you start to get the witch hunts. How common were witch hunts. I mean, we talked about the Salem witch trials, but worldwide, how common were they? We find this in in many of those occasions where there are sort of pressures on the society that people don't have a way of coping with — instances that, you might just say, are acts of God. But the way that people respond to them is, "Somebody's got to pay. Somebody's got to be to blame for this." So, "Well, she's a witch, or he's a witch." And again, depending on the region — we're accustomed to associating witches with women, but in some areas in European history, in Finland and in Iceland, the greater part of the accusations were against men. And part of that is to do with very long histories of gendered magic in Iceland and Finland, where there's magic practice by men and magic practice by women, and they're quite distinct. How are they different? Especially in Iceland, which I'll talk about as its at the top of my mind, women's magic tends to be focused much more on prognostication. So they can see, they can see what is coming or they can see what has happened. Men and women both are able to read dreams. And one of the interesting aspects of Norse Mythology is that the figure of Odin is one of the few that practices both —what is considered the male magic and the feminine magic. Where does the word "witch" come from? The word witches is a very, very old English word. People will say it has to do with bending, it has nothing to do with bending. That's a completely different word root. And what it has to do with is witchcraft. We have the earliest attestation of it in Old English. I mean, this is in the oldest versions of English, and it comes from an Indo-European root, but it's always meant exactly that. And that's where the word "wicca," which many people will be familiar with, is just the old English word for witch. There's "wicca" with an A and "wicce" with an E. So we have a masculine and feminine version of it, but it's the same word. So obviously, during these times, you've got people being accused of witchcraft. But is it common for people to identify like, "I am a witch?" Well, probably not at the time they were being accused. I mean, you would have women who might be practiced in certain arts, that they're able to heal people. Maybe they have a knowledge of herbs that's been handed down, usually these things are handed down within families or learned from somebody else older. And so they have abilities to do this. And of course, the idea of cursing is something that's always probably been with us too. And if you look at the long history of magic, it's fascinating how many of these tangible forms [exist] — especially when you're angry, a lot of magic is about anger, because it comes from the idea of people who want something to happen, and don't feel they have any power to be able to make it happen. And so if you look in ancient Greek and Roman cultures, we have all these lead tablets with curses written on them. We'll still find somebody being cursed to this day because their tablet has been found, and we don't always know who these people were, but somebody was obviously really mad that day. Do you identify as a witch? Usually, it depends on the mood. But yes, in large part because I've got all this history in my mind, and I see a great power in claiming that name. And also as a way of thinking about how you approach the world. I mean, part of this is tied to to my creative work — not only writing, but also art and music that I do, that it comes from this idea of reenchanting the world and and finding that magic in everyday life. So how did we go from the Salem witch trials, to the top of the rankings on Frightgeist? And beyond costumes and All Hallow's Eve: for years now, if you search for information on witchcraft, you'll find articles signalling its rise. More and more people, of all genders, are actively identifying themselves as witches, with estimates putting the number at around 1.5 million witches in the U.S. Nowadays, you can buy professional witch services online, from tarot readings to rituals. You can have supplies for spells delivered right to your door. Witches are social media influencers, they're authors and podcasters, they're activists and symbols of feminine power. They might don the black hat and carry around a broom when they feel like it - but they're also your coworker, and your neighbor. Pam Grossman has written and contributed to several books on witchcraft, including her 2019 book, Waking the Witch: Reflections on Women, Magic, and Power, and her new release with Jessica Hundley, titled simply, Witchcraft. Since 2017, she's also been the host of the popular podcast, The Witch Wave, for which Vulture dubbed her, “the Terry Gross of witches.” I asked her why witches seem to be having their moment, and she says it's really been hundreds of years in the making. How did the perception of witches change to what we see today? Well, we first start to see a more sympathetic look at witches, really, in the 19th century. There were writers such as a French writer named Jules Michelet, who wrote a book called La Sorciere in the middle of the 19th century, who was following a lot of other scholars who were starting to look back at the witch hunts with a more sympathetic lens. It wasn't an always historically accurate lens, mind you, but you know, people would start to look back at the witch hunt and say, "Hey, wait a second. It was mostly women who were targeted? And what was it about these women that made them such a threat to the Church?" And so, you know, around that time, you'll see writers who talk about witches as these oppressed, but truly powerful, women who had access to these brilliant minds or some kind of supernatural intuition or some kind of magic power. And aren't those women amazing? And they shouldn't have been persecuted, according to those 19th century writers. As we now know, you know, those people who were killed for being witches probably were not actually witches, or probably did not see themselves as witches. However, that sympathetic notion of a witch being this oppressed woman who has access to some divine feminine energy is a very romantic notion, that feminists took up in the 20th century. And so we really start to see people choose to call themselves witches in the 20th century, certainly with second wave feminism, but also with the rise of Wicca, which is a modern religion that was largely founded by a gentleman in England named Gerald Gardner. And the Wiccan movement is a whole very interesting thread to this story, too. In your book, you say that you've used the word "witch" to signify that you're a feminist. Can you go into a little bit about what you mean by that? Well, I think both the word "witch" and the word "feminist" are highly charged words. And they are words that point to having access to some kind of power, or some kind of agency that is connected to the feminine. And so the words are not interchangeable, but for me, and many other witches, they are interrelated. Because witches usually represent an antithesis to the patriarchy. They represent everything that is othered in society — and that can be having a feminine body, or a body of color, or a trans body. It can be having access to some kind of intuitive power or other worldly power that I believe can coexist happily with science and medicine. Certainly not the same as those things, and can be considered an alternative or a supplement or complement to those more mainstream practices. But for me, the two words are very deeply woven together. So what does being a witch look like to you? Because one thing I've learned is that everyone seems to have their own interpretation. Yes. One of the wonderful things about modern witchcraft is that there is no one path and it's decentralized. In other words, there's no pope of witchcraft. There's no one book that one has to read in order to call oneself a witch. And so you're right, for every witch you ask, you are going to have a different answer about why they consider themselves a witch, or how their witchcraft practice works. In my case, I am Pagan. I was raised Jewish, so when I'm being cheeky, I sometimes call myself "Jewwitch." But, you know, being a practicing Pagan essentially means that I am celebrating the different changing of the seasons. I am celebrating different phases of the moon. I have an altar where I connect with what I call capital S Spirit, and that can take the shape of various deities, who symbolize different aspects of that Spirit. And it also means that I do cast spells and engage in rituals that are deeply meaningful and transformative for me. When did you realize you're a witch? Or at least when did you start getting more into it? So I definitely considered myself kind of magical since I was a child. I had these woods in my backyard, and I would play outside like a lot of kids do and, you know, cast spells and commune with different spirits and so on. Or at least I imagined that I was. But it wasn't until I was a teenager and discovered witchcraft books and the occult section of the library in different bookstores and New Age shops, that I really learned that witchcraft was something that you didn't have to pretend that you were engaging in. That there's actually a long history of people who have practiced some form of witchcraft. You'll actually hear that a lot — that the teen years are a time that a lot of people turn towards witchcraft. And I think it's no coincidence, because it's also a time of life when we're coming into our own power, our own identity, and looking for ways to feel like we have more agency in our lives — at a time when we don't, in a lot of ways. We still have to answer to our teachers and parents and peers. And then along comes this practice that says, "You have power right now. You know, you have access to something bigger than yourself, even as a 13-year-old. And for me, learning about witchcraft as a teenager was an incredibly positive thing. For those who might be interested in learning more, where should they start? You mentioned that you started a lot by just reading books. Oh my goodness, there are so many books on witchcraft now, it's a real feast. But it can also be overwhelming for people because they don't know where to start. So you know, there are certainly wonderful books that came out when the second wave of feminism was cresting here in the U.S. that I still think have value. One such book is The Spiral Dance by Starhawk, who really is one of the pioneers of earth-based and Goddess-based witchcraft here in the U.S. And that book still stands the test of time, I think there's a lot of beauty there. And also the same year that that book came out, which is 1979, is a book called Drawing Down the Moon, by actually a radio journalist who was also a Wiccan priestess, named Margot Adler. And this is a wonderful overview just on the history of the witchcraft movement, and all of the different groups that have made up this movement over the years. So those two are really great foundational texts. But then in terms of casting spells, just go to a bookstore and figure out what's calling to you, you know, we've all had that experience of picking up a book and just kind of getting that rush of excitement or, or feeling like it's a homecoming. So whatever book gives you that feeling is the right book to start with. Are there a simpler spells and charms that are good for beginners? Ooh, that's a that's a really lovely question. Certainly, candle magic is a simple way of casting a spell, and it's one of the most accessible. You don't even have to get a fancy special candle at a witchcraft store, you can get any old candle at a grocery store, and as long as you're putting your intentions into it, there's a good chance it's going to be really effective for you. Overall, what do you think people misunderstand about witches? I think one of the most common misconceptions is that if you are a witch, that means you have to reject what other religion of origin you might have been raised with. And that's simply not true. Yes, there are some people who were raised with a religion that they might have found oppressive or even harmful, and so they might reject that religion and turn towards witchcraft. But that is not everyone's story. There are Christian witches and Jewish witches and Buddhist witches and Hindu witches and Muslim witches and so on. So, being a witch can absolutely be complimentary to other spiritual paths that you might be walking. The other most common misconception, which I almost hesitate to bring up, because it's really bad PR, is the notion that witchcraft is somehow affiliated with the Devil and diabolism. And nothing could be further from the truth. Most witches are incredibly loving, kind, nature-worshipping, or at least nature-honoring, people. And the reason that people sometimes associate witchcraft with some kind of evil comes right out of the time of the witch hunts. You know, we're talking the 15th-17th centuries in Europe, and later here in what became the United States. And that is when this idea that witches were devil-worshipping and sexually deviant and murderous, and all of the horrible things and reasons [came about], that they use to rationalize killing innocent people. Unfortunately, those stories and those horrific beliefs are still sometimes with us today. We do see that in discriminatory practices against people who identify as witches, and there are still witch hunts that happen around the world today. Literal witch hunts. It's deeply, deeply damaging and couldn't be further from the truth. Looking back on the Salem witch trials, as Grossman noted, most of those accused probably weren't actually witches. Lying by confessing to witchcraft and turning in other “witches” increased one's odds of avoiding execution. Some of the convicted eventually petitioned for exoneration in the 1700s, and up until the early 2000s, various groups have worked to redeem those who remain. But how did Elizabeth Johnson Jr. get left out? How did we get here? State Senator Diana DiZoglio says, unlike some of the others who were wrongfully convicted, Johnson didn't have any descendants to push for her exoneration. She never married, she had no children, and some historians have suggested that she may have been mentally disabled. DiZoglio says it could still take a while for Bill 1016 to make its way through the Massachusetts Senate, but she's optimistic it'll pass - and it's good for all parties involved. "You know, this is something that's a matter of equality and making sure that justice is served. I commend these students for taking their civic education course to the next level," says DiZoglio. "This is something that demonstrates their ability to speak up and be a voice for the voiceless, and I think that that carries over into all different issues that they're going to be able to advocate for going forward. And I think it demonstrates that, no matter how young [you are], you can make a difference." You've been listening to 51%. 51% is a national production of WAMC Northeast Public Radio. I have so many people to thank for this episode: State Senator Diana DiZoglio, Rachel Christ-Doane with the Salem Witch Museum, Kate Laity, Pam Grossman, our executive producer, Dr. Alan Chartock, and of course you for tuning in. On social media, we're on Twitter and Instagram at @51percentradio. Let us know what you think, and if you have a story you'd like to share as well. Until next week, I'm Jesse King for 51%.