Podcasts about Banner

She-Hulk is on it's way so Tony and @Klayton Fioriti got together to talk about what was once considered to be the worst superhero film ever. Some even thought it was the worst movie ever! We are here to let you know that Ang Lee's Hulk is actually underrated and is actually better than most modern superhero films! Eric Bana ("Black Hawk Down") stars as scientist Bruce Banner, whose inner demons transform him in the aftermath of a catastrophic experiment; Jennifer Connelly portrays Betty Ross, whose scientific genius unwittingly helps unleash the Hulk; Nick Nolte plays Banner's brilliant father, who passes on a tragic legacy to his son; and Sam Elliott portrays the commander of a top-secret military research center.

On this episode, Bobby and Alex focus entirely on the letter from the Senate Judiciary Committee to Harry Marino and Advocate for Minor Leaguers, attempting to answer the questions that the four senators pose about MLB's antitrust exemption and how it impacts minor leaguers. Links: Anti-Trust Issues A League Built On Trust (feat. Jim Quinn) The Minor League Theory of Value (feat. Harry Marino) Songs featured in this episode: Soccer Mommy — "Shotgun" • Booker T & the M.G.'s — “Green Onions”

My guest today is Academy Award-winning writer, director, and producer, Dustin Lance Black. Dustin is known for writing the film Milk, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. He has also written the screenplays for the film J. Edgar and the 2022 crime miniseries Under the Banner of Heaven. We talk […]

To some members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, creator Dustin Lance Black's FX series “Under the Banner of Heaven” is an unfair depiction of their religion. Having grown up in the church, Black says he is not surprised. “As I grew older, and got to know more that this is a church that does not like anything questioned,” Black says. “They have the saying to ‘doubt your doubts.' And one of the things I know the church is most uncomfortable with is outsiders discussing the faith, and I'm seen as an outsider now.” Black explains his approach to adapt Jon Krakauer's nonfiction book into the FX series, and how his Mormon upbringing helped him shape and explore the history of the Mormon church. He also discusses advocacy, and having failures, and successes in his career. But first, Disney renews Bob Chapek's contract for another three years, despite his turbulent tenure. Has Disney given him a full vote of confidence, or will they keep an eye on him?

Timecodes00:00 - Introduction05:10 - RRR17:58 - Subscriber letters22:23 - Spiderhead37:00 - New York magazine story47:15 - Subscriber letters49:28 - Break My Soul by Beyoncé55:14 - Under the Banner of HeavenTalking about a New York magazine story on a teenager who was cancelled.Abhinandan: It's a conspiracy. Nainika: This is a conspiracy against you?Abhinandan: Wasting my week.Nainika: But then what do I plan to achieve through it?Abhinandan: Just, you guys are sadists, all of you. Jude, you, and Rajyasree.Nainika: So you think the world is stacked against you? Abhinandan: I'm Diego*! Abhinandan and Nainika burst out laughing.This and a whole lot of stuff awful and awesome as Abbas Momin and Nainika Singh Rathore review the films RRR and Spiderhead; web series Under the Banner of Heaven; Beyonce's Break My Soul single from her upcoming album Renaissance.* The 17-year-old protagonist of the New York magazine story. Write to us at newslaundry.com/podcast-letters.Contribute to our new NL Sena projects Bulldozing a New Image in MP and The Yogi Who Has It All. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Join consultant for the series Lindsay Hansen Park as she discusses the portrayals in the show, along with co-host Bryan Buchanan. In this episode Bryan and Lindsay discuss what is happening in episode four and five of Under the Banner of Heaven and sort fact from fiction.

Join consultant for the series Lindsay Hansen Park as she discusses the portrayals in the show, along with co-host Bryan Buchanan. In this episode Bryan and Lindsay discuss what is happening in episode four and five of Under the Banner of Heaven and sort fact from fiction.

Kyle, Drew, & Drue discuss what they've been watching. This episode contains content from Cyrano, No Sudden Moves, Under the Banner of Heaven, Uncharted, & more! NTPYDpodcast@gmail.com @NTPYDpodcast --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/ntpyd/support

Das neueste Elder Scrolls Online Addon führt uns in die Heimat der Bretonen, auf Hochinsel und ihre Nachbarinsel Amenos. Dabei bekommen wir erneut ein richtig tolles, atmosphärisches Gebiet präsentiert, was diesmal weniger Fantasy-lastig ist, sondern mehr Mittelalter-Feeling beinhaltet. Im Land der Bretonen herrscht nämlich Krieg der drei Banner und ein ganz neuer Feind nutzt dies aus, um seine eigene Ordnung etablieren zu wollen, der Orden der Emporstrebenden. Dabei erkunden wir Schlösser, treffen auf Ritter und erkunden den Dschungel auf der Insel Amenos. Wer neue Spielmechaniken sucht, der wird hier lediglich das Kartenspiel Ruhmesgeschichten finden, welches richtig Spaß macht. Es erinnert an ein Deckbau-Spiel wie Dominion und ist daher kaum mit bekannten Kartenspielen zu vergleichen. Ich hatte richtig viel Spaß damit, da ich Kartenspiele liebe. Es gibt natürlich auch jede Menge Belohnungen für gewonnene Partien gegen NPCs oder Spieler. Dafür gibt es diesmal keine neue Klasse, aber TESO bleibt seiner Linie der Addons treu und enttäuscht nie mit den neuen Welten, die wir erkunden können.

We continue our descent into Mormon Madness with Bryce and Shannon! If you haven't listened to part 1, STOP and go back! Check out the Glass Box Podcast!

Champ and Mike return to review a four-pack of films and miniseries. Topics include the thoughtful analysis of wavering faith in Hulu's Under the Banner of Heaven starring an impressive Andrew Garfield, the wild, wacky, but ultimately heartfelt absurdity of Everything, Everywhere All at Once and the visually entertaining but somewhat jumbled and misguided handing of the multiverse in Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness. Also, does Obi-Wan Kenobi justify its existence?

Heavenly father aprueba este podcast... or so we think. Esta semana, discutimos la miniserie de FX, Under the Banner of Heaven. Pero antes, en El Bullshiteo, Rosa leyó el libro de Howls Moving, Mario hizo un rewatch del clásico noventoso, WILD THINGS, y ambos "have thoughts" about los últimos tres episodios de Obi-Wan Kenobi. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/desmenuzando/support

UNDER THE BANNER OF HEAVEN SERIES REVIEW Based on the famous true crime novel “Under the Banner of Heaven” by Jon Krakauer comes an adapted mini series created by Dustin Lance Black.  Detective Jeb Pyre (Andrew Garfield) and partner Bill Taba (Gil Birmingham) are investigating the grisly murder of Brenda Lafferty (Daisy Edgar-Jones) and her… Read More »Screener Squad: Under the Banner of Heaven

UNDER THE BANNER OF HEAVEN SERIES REVIEW Based on the famous true crime novel “Under the Banner of Heaven” by Jon Krakauer comes an adapted mini series created by Dustin Lance Black.  Detective Jeb Pyre (Andrew Garfield) and partner Bill Taba (Gil Birmingham) are investigating the grisly murder of Brenda Lafferty (Daisy Edgar-Jones) and her… Read More »Screener Squad: Under the Banner of Heaven

Our discussion and recapping of episodes 4 & 5 of the FX series Under the Banner of Heaven. 

In this episode of the Rhode Island Liberty Report, we discuss the recent anti-self-defense legislation passed though the house and senate. Continue reading RILR 30: 2A Tyranny in RI at Liberty RI.

On this episode, I chat with Daryl Banner, an author, playwright and composer based in Katy, TX. I met Daryl at the same place as all of my season one guests - at a community theatre in the Houston metropolitan area. On this episode, I chat with Daryl about what it was like growing up in a small Houston suburb, being outed, safe spaces, his books and what his creative process is like. http://www.amazon.com/author/darylbanner (Buy Daryl's books) https://www.darylbanner.com/ (Check out Daryl's website) https://darylbanner.bandcamp.com/ (Check out Daryl's music) Music used in this episode was all licensed through Epidemic Sound. https://share.epidemicsound.com/80o423 ({Learn more here}) Tracks used include: Heart & Soul by Blood Red Sun Starfields by Hallman La La La (Like it Like That) by Nightcap https://www.hrc.org/resources/being-an-lgbtq-ally (Being an LGBTQ Ally) - Human Rights Campaign https://www.thetrevorproject.org/ (LGBTQ Youth Resources) - The Trevor Project More Resources - https://bornthisway.foundation/ (Born This Way Foundation) https://truecolorsunited.org/ (True Colors Foundation) https://www.glaad.org/ (GLAAD) https://www.lgbtagingcenter.org/ (SAGE Advocacy for LGBTQ Elders) The Trevor Project / 1 866-488-7386Trans Lifeline / 1 877-565-8860The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline / 1 800-273-8255Teen Line / 310-855-4673LGBT National Youth Talkline / 1 800-246-7743Crisis Text Line / US: Text HOME to 741741 Canada: Text 686868 https://be-gay-with-me.captivate.fm/patreon (Support us on Patreon) https://patreon.com/begaywithmepodcast (Support this Podcast) https://www.captivate.fm/signup?ref=odellhutchison1 (This podcast is hosted by Captivate, try it yourself for free.) This podcast uses the following third-party services for analysis: Podcorn - https://podcorn.com/privacy

Kori and Kevyn talk about "Under the Banner of Heaven", "The Way Down", and perfectionism in religion. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kevyngirl/support

When I started watching Under the Banner of Heaven, I honestly had no idea it was a: true crime and b: MORMON AS HELL. (I had just wanted to watch Andrew Garfield in a thing...) Well, if you were left a little confused by the Mormon lore in this true-crime thriller, have we got the show for you! Bryce Blankenagel and Shannon Grover help us understand this very... bizarre religious history. And Shannon has a personal connection to the real case! Check out the excellent Glass Box Podcast!

Join us this week as our Youth Director TJ Classen gives a challenging message on Yahweh Nissi, the name of God that means "God is my Banner." We learn about some simple principles we can implement into our lives to stay focused on God and what He has for us, and to help us always find the comfort and direction that God brings.

Imtiaz Patel and Kimi Yoshino of The Baltimore Banner discuss launch week with Nestor at Slainte

Has there been a more momentous week for the Supreme Court ever? The Court went three-for-three on the key cases this week ( Carson, on school choice; Bruen, on gun rights: and Dobbs, overturning Roe and Casey), not simply on the decision of the specific cases at hand, but the broader reasoning behind the decisions. Indeed this week may come some day to be be seen as the equivalent of the infamous... Source

Has there been a more momentous week for the Supreme Court ever? The Court went three-for-three on the key cases this week (Carson, on school choice; Bruen, on gun rights: and Dobbs, overturning Roe and Casey), not simply on the decision of the specific cases at hand, but the broader reasoning behind the decisions. Indeed […]

Episodio 140 del podcast No Pasa Nada: Bryce Dallas-Howard y Jessica Chastain son dos personas diferentes En este episodio, hablamos de… Manuel finalmente se pone al día con “Top Gun: Maverick”, y quiere compartir sus sentimientos. “Jurassic World” y el arte de distinguir entre Bryce Dallas-Howard y Jessica Chastain. “Elvis”: el “Rey” recibe el tratamiento Baz Lurhamn con Tom Hanks como el agente que lo explotaba. “The Old Man”: la nueva serie de FX trae a Jeff Bridges como hombre de acción con consecuencias. “Under the Banner of Heaven”: una nueva serie de “crimen verdadero”, cortesía del guionista ganador del Óscar, Dustin Lance Black. Un clásico del pasado: el escándalo de “Crash”, de David Cronenberg. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/no-pasa-nada/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/no-pasa-nada/support

Nestor welcomes The Baltimore Banner leadership team to Slainte to talk media and future of our city

In this episode, the hosts go through feedback from the series, "Under the Banner of Heaven." The post Under the Banner of Heaven | Feedback Special appeared first on PostShowRecaps.com.

In this episode, the hosts go through feedback from the series, "Under the Banner of Heaven." The post Under the Banner of Heaven | Feedback Special appeared first on PostShowRecaps.com.

Dan returns to discuss the 2022 mini-series Under the Banner of Heaven

Josh's Something Old: Sling Blade Skye's Something Old: Rounders Something New: The Card Counter Josh's Proposal: If this filmmakers goal was to make me feel uncomfortable for 2 hours, well then, mission accomplished. Skye's Proposal: This movie is just a pile of crap Something Borrowed: The Card Counter Ending & Final Scene Explained Josh's Something Blew: Jason's Video & Barry & Under the Banner of Heaven Skye's Something Blew: Obi-Wan Kenobi: Episode 1 & 2 review by Jeremy Jahns & The Lincoln Lawyer Jason's Something Blew: Barry & Stranger Things & The Umbrella Academy Follow us on twitter: Skye, Josh & Jason Find us on Facebook

The much anticipated sequel to Top Gun that was delayed over and over again is finally here and boy did it deliver. We won't spoil it for you here but we were into it. We've known for 2 years that we were going to have J.Michael Trautmann on for this episode because he is a Top Gun fanatic. So glad we were able to chat with him about this film!We end this episode with a quotes game we call Malkovich Malkovich Malkovich and our Patrons can watch us draft our Top 5 Favorite Tom Cruise Films!Enjoy!3:10 Master and Commander: Far Side of the World4:52 Ambulance (Peacock)7:07 Stranger Things Season 4 (Netflix)11:08 Under the Banner of Heaven (HULU)15:15 Plugarooni's we15:42 Patreon.com/theavidindoorsmen17:57 J.Michael Trautmann @jmacdakid19:39 Top Gun: Maverick Plot Synopsis20:17 Rotten Tomatoes be Aja. We23:05 Buegs' Hot Take25:20 Rob's Hot Take27:35 JMac's Hot Take39:48 The Dude 45:50 The Tucci Award56:16 The Dingus1:00:08 Show Me The Money1:05:45 Buegs Boo Hoo Moments1:08:38 Movie Trivia1:19:15 Malkovich Malkovich Malkovich 1:31:05 Top 5 Tom Cruise Films Draft

With the 2021-2022 season officially over, Josh and Mike try to regroup after the emotional rollercoaster of a year that *almost* led to Banner 18. Instead, Josh, Mike, and Celtics fans, players, coaches, and staff are collectively exhausted and ready to regroup. Josh and Mike give their quick reactions about the C's run to the Finals, whether the better team won, and whether the season should be considered a success (short answer: obviously, yes!). They credit the great defense and unique talents of the Warriors, and salute the Celtics for making it as far as they did – well beyond any preseason expectations. Then, the guys look at a number of big “What Ifs” about the season, pondering what might have been if things had fallen just a bit differently. To name just a few of the questions they grappled with: What If the Celtics Had Closed Out the Earlier Rounds More Quickly? What if TimeLord Was Fully Healthy? What if Kris Middleton was Fully Healthy!?  Finally, the guys started to scratch the surface of the offseason to come. Josh provided his draft deep cuts, profiling a promising array of guys he feels could realistically be available for the C's at 53. Mike, meanwhile, has his eyes cast on trades and free agency, excited by Brad Stevens and Wyc Grousbeck's comments indicating they're willing to go into the tax this year, and knowing the C's have plenty of tools (particularly TPEs) at their disposal. Check it all out, and more, on this week's Celtics PRIDE. Please rate, review, and subscribe to the Celticsblog podcast feed (“Celtics PRIDE”) and follow us on Twitter @celticspridepod, a @celticsblog podcast.  Hosts: Adam Motenko, Josh Motenko @coachmotenko and Mike Minkoff @mikeminkoffnba  Email: at celticspridepodcast@gmail.com You can find regular episodes of the CelitcsPod and Celtics PRIDE podcasts on Apple, Spotify, Stitcher, or wherever else you listen to your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Hey friends, Mary and Kirsten take the reins on this Latter-Day Lesbian and Queer Life Crisis Simulcast. We share some initial reactions to Under the Banner of Heaven, and manage to keep the spoilers to a minimum. Also, we're taking a bit of a break from podcasting, so we hope all of you have an amazing summer and we'll talk to you again in the fall. Music provided by Purple Planet: https://purple-planet.com.

We discuss “Good Luck to You, Leo Grande,” “Under the Banner of Heaven,” “I Love That For You,” “The First Lady,” “Euphoria,” and the play “Corsicana.”

This week on the pod, we're commemorating Juneteenth. After catching up on news, Amanda Weinstein, Jasmine Clark, and Rachel Vindman talk about what Juneteenth is, why we celebrate it, and what conversations and events they've been a part of in their communities this week. With the right-wing outrage over Critical Race Theory and teaching accurate history in classrooms, it's more important than ever to remember our past… the good, the bad, and the ugly.The hosts are then joined by Meredith Lawson-Rowe, a suburban mom in Reynoldsburg, Ohio. After winning her race for city council, Meredith has been organizing Juneteenth celebrations in her town. Then Jasmine interviews Jo Banner, who founded a nonprofit along with her twin sister called The Descendants Project. Their organization is dedicated to uplifting and protecting the descendants of enslaved people in Louisiana river parishes. Jo and Jasmine discuss Juneteenth, plantations, the legacy of slavery and how Black lives are still being disregarded in the present day.Finally, Amanda, Jasmine and Rachel raise a glass to community events, living in the moment, and a really meaningful interaction with a constituent in this episode's “Toast to Joy.”If you're ready to join the Great Troublemaker Turnout, please sign up here! Talking to the people in your network is the most impactful way to influence voters, and Red Wine & Blue is committed to providing everything you need to tap into this super power: training, tools, community, and support. Suburban women are taking a stand - join us!For a transcript of this episode, please email theswppod@redwine.blue.

Eine Recherche von ZEIT ONLINE zeigt, dass viele Landkreise und Städte beim Hitzeschutz nachlässig sind, immer öfter mit tödlichen Folgen. Karsten Polke-Majewski kennt die genauen Zahlen. Der Leiter des Ressorts Investigative Recherche und Daten sagt: "In vielen Jahren sterben in Deutschland deutlich mehr Menschen an Hitze als im Straßenverkehr." Und er erklärt, warum die Behörden – in diesem Fall die für den Katastrophenschutz zuständigen Landkreise – bisher bei der Bekämpfung dieser unsichtbaren Katastrophe versagt haben. In Kassel läuft seit dem vergangenen Wochenende die documenta fifteen. Überschattet wird die Kunstausstellung in diesem Jahr von Antisemitismusvorwürfen. Für Empörung gesorgt hat vor allem ein großes Banner des indonesischen Künstlerkollektivs Taring Padi, in dem viele Menschen antisemitische Elemente sehen. Und sonst so? Noch waren wir Menschen nicht auf dem Mars. Müll haben wir aber schon einmal hinterlassen. Moderation und Produktion: Moses Fendel Mitarbeit: Marc Fehrmann und Mathias Peer Fragen, Kritik, Anregungen? Sie erreichen uns unter wasjetzt@zeit.de. Weitere Links zur Folge: Sunita Narain zur Hitzewelle: "Wenn wir nicht kühlen, sterben die Leute" (https://www.zeit.de/2022/19/sunita-narrain-hitzewelle-indien-klimawandel) Hitzewellen: Waldbrände in Spanien, fast 40 Grad in Frankreich (https://www.zeit.de/wissen/umwelt/2022-06/hitzewellen-klimawandel-temperatur-europa) Kunstausstellung: Frank-Walter Steinmeier eröffnet "documenta fifteen" in Kassel (https://www.zeit.de/kultur/kunst/2022-06/documenta-fifteen-frank-walter-steinmeier-kassel-eroeffnung) documenta fifteen: Das hätte nicht passieren dürfen (https://www.zeit.de/kultur/kunst/2022-06/documenta-fifteen-antisemitismus-debatte-kunst) documenta fifteen: Umstrittene Bannerinstallation wird abgebaut (https://www.zeit.de/kultur/kunst/2022-06/documenta-fifteen-banner-abbau-antisemitismus) Noch waren wir Menschen nicht auf dem Mars. Müll haben wir aber schon einmal hinterlassen. (https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/61825927)

I'm uploading this as a token of gratitude for all you listeners showing up for 100 episodes! Plus, people have been asking for our review on the main feed but UtBoH is just too big a topic for the regular show, so here's a standalone episode taken from our YouTube broadcast! This is the next installment of our quarterly live Q&A broadcasts! We have our lovely patrons to thank over at https://www.patreon.com/GlassBoxPod for helping us reach our goal to make these possible. This time around we're reviewing the new Hulu series, Under the Banner of Heaven, based on Jon Krakauer's book by the same title. SPOILER ALERT!!! Thank you so much for spending your evening with us. All the important links: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/GlassBoxPod  Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/glassboxpodcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlassBoxPod  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/glassboxpod...  Merch store: https://exmomerch.creator-spring.com/ Be sure to use discount code GLASSBOX for a tithing off your order!!!

Hour 4 The always hilarious Bill Burr joins the show and makes fun of Wiggy for being mad that Tom Brady left. He also tells some great Hampton Beach stories from early in his career.  Wiggy calls Bill Burr Bill Murr! The guys discuss whether or not Tatum has what it takes to lead the Celtics to another championship. Do you think he does?

When your doctor prescribes a new medicine, there's a pretty good chance that some snafu will crop up before you get it filled. Either your pharmacy doesn't carry it, or your insurance provider won't cover it, or they'll say you need "prior authorization," or your out-of-pocket cost will be sky-high. The basic problem is that the electronic health record systems and e-prescribing systems at your doctor's office don't include price and benefit information for prescription drugs. All of that information lives on separate systems at your insurance company and your health plan's pharmacy benefit manager, or PBM. And that's the gap that a company called RxRevu is trying to fix. Harry's guest on today's show RxRevu CEO Kyle Kiser, who explains the work the company has done to bring EHR makers, insurers, and PBMs together to make drug cost and coverage information available at the point of care, so doctors and patients can shop together for the best drug at the best price.Please rate and review The Harry Glorikian Show on Apple Podcasts! Here's how to do that from an iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch:1. Open the Podcasts app on your iPhone, iPad, or Mac. 2. Navigate to The Harry Glorikian Show podcast. You can find it by searching for it or selecting it from your library. Just note that you'll have to go to the series page which shows all the episodes, not just the page for a single episode.3. Scroll down to find the subhead titled "Ratings & Reviews."4. Under one of the highlighted reviews, select "Write a Review."5. Next, select a star rating at the top — you have the option of choosing between one and five stars. 6. Using the text box at the top, write a title for your review. Then, in the lower text box, write your review. Your review can be up to 300 words long.7. Once you've finished, select "Send" or "Save" in the top-right corner. 8. If you've never left a podcast review before, enter a nickname. Your nickname will be displayed next to any reviews you leave from here on out. 9. After selecting a nickname, tap OK. Your review may not be immediately visible.That's it! Thanks so much.TranscriptHarry Glorikian: Hello. I'm Harry Glorikian, and this is The Harry Glorikian Show, where we explore how technology is changing everything we know about healthcare.If you live in the United States and you've ever had your doctor prescribe a new medication, you've probably had the following experience.You drive from the doctor's office to the pharmacy.And when you get there, you find out that the pharmacy doesn't carry that particular drug. Or that they do carry it, but your insurance provider doesn't cover it. Or your insurance does cover it, but they require prior authorization. Which means you have to get back in touch with your doctor and ask them to tell the insurance company that you really do need the medicine.Or you already have prior authorization, but you haven't met your annual deductible yet, so your out-of-pocket cost is much more than you expected.If any one of these problems crops up, the chances that you'll actually get your prescription filled on the day you need it go way down.And it's not uncommon for several of these snafus to happen all at once.Fundamentallythat's because the electronic health record systems and the electronic prescribing systems at your doctor's office don't include price and benefit information for prescription drugs.All of that information lives on separate systems at your insurance company and your health plan's pharmacy benefit manager, or PBM.And that's the gap that a company called RxRevu is trying to fix.My guest on today's show is the CEO of RxRevu, Kyle Kiser.We talked about the software they've built to make drug cost and coverage information available within the major EHR systemsWhen doctors can see in real time which drugs are covered, at what price, for a specific patient, it    obviously solves a huge pain point for patients, because it means they're more likely to get the drugs they need at an affordable price.But it also solves a big problem for doctors. Because, fairly or not, they're the ones who usually shoulder the blame when it turns out the medication they just prescribed is too expensive or isn't available.The kind of information RxRevu provides is going to be more and more important as the U.S. enters into an era of far greater price transparency, as mandated by the federal No Surprises Act, which went into effect on January 1 of this year.RxRevu is based in Denver, Colorado, and I reached Kyle Kiser at his home in Seattle, Washington. Here's our full conversation.Harry Glorikian: Kyle, welcome to the show.Kyle Kiser: Thanks, Harry. Happy to be here.Harry Glorikian: So, you know, we were just talking. You're in Seattle and I'm in Boston. I don't think we could be much farther apart when it comes to this particular country. So but let's start with a little bit of background, right. So. You're the CEO of RxRevu. And can you tell us a little bit about sort of the origin story about how you got started here? I mean, I understand your co-founder, Dr. Kevin O'Brien, had an interesting experience trying to get prescriptions filled for his mother, Lucy, but. What's the rest of that story? What did that story reveal to you about what's broken or missing in the way that doctors prescribes medicines or, you know, where the way that maybe payers approve prescription?Kyle Kiser: Yeah, absolutely. So a little background on Kevin's story. Kevin was initially inspired to do this because he wanted to solve a problem for his mom. She had an outsized out-of-pocket spend for meds. Like any good son, he wanted to help solve a problem for his mom. He used his expertise to find sort of ways to save on those medications, and that inspired him to start doing that in his clinic for his patients more comprehensively. So he was, you know, way ahead of his time and putting in all of this extra effort to really help find prescription options for patients that they could afford more easily. And that was the initial inspiration for what we've done today, which is connecting the point of care and clinical decision making with costs and coverage information that's real time and patient specific and location specific and moment in time specific, because all those things matter as inputs into a price.Kyle Kiser: So, you know, really the challenge we've been focused on is, is largely that, you know, the clinical decision making process has been pretty, pretty much disconnected, right, from marketplace information. So, you know, anything that impacts the purchasing of that care. And that was okay in a world where deductibles were low, formularies were relatively inexpensive and simple. But that world has changed dramatically over the last 10 to 20 years, right, as consumer driven healthcare has become the way of the world. And first dollar risk is now at the feet of the patient. It's that patients are now demanding that providers can consider not just what's best from a clinical perspective, but also set expectations around costs, set expectations around any restrictions that exist, and be an advocate for access to care. And the problem we're solving. We're building an access network. And within that access network, we help drive affordability and speed to care for patients. And we're doing that with a number of stakeholders. But at a high level, that's what we're trying to accomplish.Harry Glorikian: Well, you know, it's interesting, right? You know, entrepreneurship 101, solve a real need, right? So that there's a market there because everybody wants it. But so, I mean, look, I think everyone in the United States has probably had experiences similar to Dr. O'Brien's mom. I mean, you get to the pharmacy, you find out that the medication your doctor prescribed isn't covered by your plan, or you find out that the co-pay is outrageously high. But behind their personal experiences, I bet most people don't have a concept of how big and widespread this problem is. You know, you have any maybe some statistics that might illustrate the scale of the problem or how much money is wasted in the medical system because of these disconnects. I mean, I'm wondering how many prescriptions get abandoned or how many patients don't get the meds they need.Kyle Kiser: Yeah, I mean, at a. A macro level, you know, the prescription drug market makes just over makes up, you know, just over a half a trillion. Right. And, you know, estimates are that a third, even as much as half of that is waste and waste in the form of, you know, medications that aren't taken as prescribed or aren't delivering the right outcomes. I don't it's hard to find actually a a stakeholder in the supply chain that's delivered more value than meds themselves. I mean, if you think about, you know, the innovation in that world over the last 30 years, it's second to none. But the, you know, the supply chain within which they exist is complicated and it's hard to navigate. And the consequences of that is waste. And, you know, a ton of administrivia and friction. And frankly, patients bear the brunt of that. Ultimately, it's health plans and PBMs and risk bearing entities making rules on one end. It's providers and care teams making clinical decisions on the other end. And both of those processes are largely disconnected. And the only way that that gets harmonized in any way is a patient advocating for themselves. And we just fundamentally don't believe it should happen that way. What we're building is the connectivity between those stakeholders so that whether it's a provider at the point of care making the decision, whether it's a care team member trying to help you overcome a prior, or whether it's a patient trying to advocate for themselves using their own technology, we want to put real time, patient-specific, moment in time specific information in their hands to drive affordability and speed to care for that patient, no matter where they are in the care continuum.Harry Glorikian: Yeah. I mean, so this lack of prescription cost data, I mean at the point of care feels like a real canonical example of deep systemic problems with the with origins that are buried like deep in at least three of these complex organizations. Providers, payers and EHR makers. I mean, once you guys decided what the problem you wanted to fix was, how the hell did you figure out where to like -- okay, let's start here and let's move forward, right? Because.Kyle Kiser: Yeah.Harry Glorikian: Not trivial.Kyle Kiser: No, it's exactly the right observation because ultimately what we're building is a multi-sided network. And what's difficult about building a multi-sided network is, you know, users on one end, in this case, providers, aren't going to engage if it doesn't have the appropriate information in it. And the data sources, the ability to capture that appropriate information, they don't want to provide that data to you unless you have the appropriate users. So you get stuck in this chicken or the egg problem. And that's job one in growing this business, is to overcome that chicken or the egg problem. And the way we went about that was we worked really closely with health systems, with provider organizations, primarily because that's where the trust exists, is that ultimately patients seek out their provider and their care team to answer these questions. And so we worked closely with them as strategic partners and brought some of them in as investors in the company and aggregated a group of meaningful collaborators on the health system side, which then helped us bring PBMs and payers to the table to say, how do we solve these problems together? And that's that's sort of how we got out of the gate.Harry Glorikian: So I mean, tell me if we could dig a little into I think the product is called SwiftRx, if I remember correctly, but at a high level. You know, if you could describe for listeners, what is it? How does it work? And. Where does it fit in relation to the overall system?Kyle Kiser: Sure. Yes. So SwiftRx Direct is the product you're describing. What it provides is, is that real time, patient specific, location specific, moment in time specific information in the provider's native ordering workflow. So we are a data network that's powering a native feature inside the EMR that provides that insight while providers are selecting medications. So a typical flow would look like, a provider selects a medication. They then place that into a pending status in the software that they use. When that happens, we're able to gain visibility to that choice. We send that transaction out to our network of data sources, payers, PBMs, etc.. And what we get back is the price that is patient specific. We have formulary insights, so prior auth, quantity, limit, step therapy, those sorts of things. Those are also patient specific. And then most importantly, we get back alternatives. And those alternatives come in two forms. They're either a lower cost medication or a lower cost pharmacy where the patient can fulfill that medication. And that's sort of the core information that we then render back into the e-prescribing workflow. And we only interrupt those providers' workflows, or we and our partners only interrupt those providers workflows, when there's relevant information to consider. Because as I'm sure, you know, being deep in this world, provider engagement stuff -- you really have to be thoughtful about when, when is the appropriate time to intervene and when, when do we want to sort of get out of the way and make sure that when we are intervening, it's meaningful and understood to be meaningful?Harry Glorikian: Yeah. So I'm going to I mean, I heard a lot of what you said. I'm I want to maybe summarize all the. A few of these areas that people run into problems. But to try to understand sort of what are the big problems you had to solve to get it to really work? Because I'm just trying to get my head around the magnitude of the data headache here. Right. So if if you'll allow me, I'll just try to break it down into parts and then you can tell me how you're bridging all of these. So for one thing, there's the patient specific data about what kind of insurance each patient has and what level of benefits they have. And none of that is stored in the EHR at the clinic. As far as I know, typically the EHR would only list the patient's group number, subscription number or maybe the RxBin number. And then separate from all that, every insurance has a formula of drugs that will cover and sometimes a, you know, a schedule of different copay amounts for those drugs. And those formularies change every year and even more often. Right. And then there's a patient's actual prescription data which may live in their EMR or may live in a different system at the pharmacy. And then on top of that, there's this obscure black box system of prior authorization criteria that insurers may use to deny a prescription if they don't feel like paying for it. So the fact that the system is so fragmented is a familiar story to anybody who listens to this show. But tell me, you know, how on earth you were able to sort of get all this data under one roof, so to speak? You know, is there a specific architecture of the Swift system that makes you good at collecting all of this changing data and presenting it to the providers in real time?Kyle Kiser: Yeah. The only other element I'd add to your complexity salad is also benefit design, right. Is that yeah, the, the out-of-pocket cost can be and is dramatically different based on where you are in your coverage. If you're a commercial member with a high deductible, you're bearing the, you know, the in-network negotiated rate inside that deductible. And that changes pretty dramatically once you reach a deductible. Or if you're a Medicare member, there's the donut hole. And all of those things are also inputs and complexity to add to this. So to answer your question, it's really working closely with the stakeholders that control those, that are the source of that data. Right. You really can't get to an accurate price without working with those with those data sources specifically. So we work closely with the PBM, with the payer, and we do more or less a mock adjudication. So the same type of adjudication activity that happens on their end when a patient arrives at the point of sale is happening when a provider is making a prescribing decision in this case.Harry Glorikian: I mean, I can tell you, like the last time I had to sit and choose an insurer, and you would think that I'd be better at this than most, I remember having to take two Tylenol, because when I got done, because I thought my head was going to explode. And I could honestly not say to you I made the best choice. It was at the end, it was almost like a Hail Mary, I guess with all the complexity. And the other thing that I keep thinking about is when I used to watch, I think if you have kids, you've watched The Incredibles and there's a point in the show where the manager says they're penetrating inside of our systems to understand how to get how to get the system to pay them or whatever. It feels like it's that level of complexity. And you really need a sophisticated system to sort of bring all that information together to make sense of it all.Kyle Kiser: Yeah, that's true. And it is it is dynamic, it is highly variable and it's very different from administrator to administrator. Right. And a specific example of that, right, is that responses we get back are not across the board consistent, that here's an error and here's what that error means. And that error message is consistent from health plan to health plan. That's just not the way the world works, right. The error messages are specific to those claim systems because ultimately on the other side of the fence, these are mainframe systems in some cases that were designed decades ago that they've then created a layer to expose to the outside world, in this case us. And, you know, it's not simple work for us or for them. So I think the thing also to point out here is that there's a lot of effort from the payer- rrPBM community to make this accessible and to sort of change the way they're doing business and to change the way their technology works to enable some of these things, which is which is progress and should be commended for sure.[musical interlude]Harry Glorikian: Let's pause the conversation for a minute to talk about one small but important thing you can do, to help keep the podcast going. And that's leave a rating and a review for the show on Apple Podcasts.All you have to do is open the Apple Podcasts app on your smartphone, search for The Harry Glorikian Show, and scroll down to the Ratings & Reviews section. Tap the stars to rate the show, and then tap the link that says Write a Review to leave your comments. It'll only take a minute, but you'll be doing a lot to help other listeners discover the show.And one more thing. If you like the interviews we do here on the show I know you'll like my new book, The Future You: How Artificial Intelligence Can Help You Get Healthier, Stress Less, and Live Longer.It's a friendly and accessible tour of all the ways today's information technologies are helping us diagnose diseases faster, treat them more precisely, and create personalized diet and exercise programs to prevent them in the first place.The book is now available in print and ebook formats. Just go to Amazon or Barnes & Noble and search for The Future You by Harry Glorikian.And now, back to the show.[musical interlude]Harry Glorikian: Interesting. So if I'm not mistaken, both Epic and Cerner have made it possible for providers to embed SwiftRx into their EHR. So if I understand it correctly, it even comes as a standard part of Cerner now. So those are two of the biggest EHR providers in the US.Kyle Kiser: And Athena.Harry Glorikian: And Athena, so question: how did you make that happen?Kyle Kiser: Well, you know, we've got a great team and the team executed ultimately. We worked really hard on those relationships. And I think it's both working with the right customers in small ways in the early days that leads to working with these types of partners and bigger ways. And frankly, some of the open programs at some of these places led to this. So early days, we were working in kind of the more open developer type programs with these EMR partners. We were working closely with some of their customers. Banner was one of our first customers. UC Health was one of our first customers, both a Cerner and an Epic user respectively, and, you know, is working in small ways to solve these problems together with those health systems that led us both to interacting with PBMs and ultimately building these enterprise level relationships with the EMR. It's, you know, it's, it's earning the trust, it's delivering for these customers and then earning the right to do this at scale. And we're to a point now where we'll do almost 100 million of these transactions this year. And it's you know, it's grown fast.Harry Glorikian: Yeah, that's a lot of that's a lot of data flowing back and forth. But so let's ask the money question, like, what's the business model? Who ends up paying you? Is it the provider buying SwiftRx as an add on to the existing EHR or how does that work?Kyle Kiser: It's the risk bearing entity ultimately. So think about that as payer and PBM. In most cases, there are cases where we work with health systems and there are some things we do that that are either channel related or related to specific needs that they have when they're that risk bearing entity. But at a high level, we follow the risk and we want to work with the customer that is bearing that risk because ultimately they're the ones that stand to benefit from an optimized prescription choice.Harry Glorikian: Okay. So that everybody gets a clear idea of like, can you give me a before and after picture at a clinic that brings SwiftRx into their EHR?Kyle Kiser: Sure. Yeah. So. You know, this is probably an experience many of many of the listeners have had. Right. Is that. Before such acts you interact with your physician, they diagnose you with whatever condition they've perceived. They select a medication. They route it to the pharmacy. You go to the pharmacy and cross your fingers that all of the requirements have been met. And that is at a price that you can afford if there is a prior or if that's too expensive. When you arrive at that site of fulfillment, you discover that, right, if there's a prior that's not been completed, then you've got to go through that prior authorization process and you're not picking up that prescription today. If it's a price you can't afford, you got to figure out how to pay for it. And there's a variety of ways that that happens. But ultimately, it's up to the patient to figure those things out. In a world where SwiftRx is installed, the difference is, as that prescription decision is happening, we notify the prescriber of the patient's out-of-pocket cost. In some cases, even the plan cost associated with that choice. Any restrictions that exist like prior or quantity limit or step therapy. And we also notify them of any lower cost alternatives. So in many cases, simple changes make big differences in in the out-of-pocket cost. And it might even be something as simple as, time release metformin can be hundreds if not $1,000, and regular old metformin is four bucks and has been four bucks for decades.Kyle Kiser: So it's some of those almost unintentional, I hesitate to call them errors on the provider side. It's just they're making choices based on their own sort of clinical expertise. But they don't they don't know these things, right? They don't know how a time release metformin might be reimbursed for one of the ten or 12 payers that they may see in a given clinic day. So it's just providing that insight upfront so that they can make those decisions and understand the trade offs. Is time release really important or is this patient going to be fine? And is that out-of-pocket costs for a med going to prevent them from being able to actually take that medication? And as a result, they're not going to receive any of the clinical benefit. So ultimately, the $4 option is probably better. So it's really connecting that clinical decision making process with all of the complexity that exists on the payer and PBM end so that we can get the decision right the first time. And when the patient shows up at the pharmacy, they know how much is going to cost, they feel comfortable that they can pay for it and they're either aware of the prior auth and have already completed the requirements or have some, some level of expectations set to how to complete those requirements.Harry Glorikian: So for all the reasons we've been discussing, doctors traditionally have been able to stay somewhat separated or maybe called it shielded from discussions about drug prices. I mean, they just prescribe a drug, leave it to their office staff or the patient or their pharmacy to figure out whether it's covered. But now, for organizations that are using your system that are built into their EHR, a clinical encounter, it can involve essentially going shopping in real time for the best drug at the best price. I mean, in your experience, how do doctors like being pulled into these decisions? I mean, I can see how it be great for patients, but I wonder if doctors are equally excited.Kyle Kiser: You know, one of the things that's been the most surprising to us around this subject, specifically patient out-of-pocket cost, is one of the most requested pieces of information in a primary care clinic, because it's so complex and it creates so many callbacks and it creates so much patient dissatisfaction. Because ultimately the patient's going to, at some level, hold that prescriber accountable for that decision. And if it's really expensive med there's an assumption that the provider knew that already or should have known that, whether that's true or not. And so what that's resulted in is primary care providers want this information, they want it. They want to have this at their fingertips when they're making decisions. It's the world certainly changed in that way. So I think, you know, it's becoming a part of the standard of care being able to consider cost. Because to the point earlier, the only medication that works is the one the patient can afford. And so you really have to consider those things because of the way our sort of health care payment infrastructure exists. Right. There's just, patients are bearing a dramatic portion of that cost these days and got to consider that as a part of the way you deliver care.Harry Glorikian: I mean, I almost feel like your company is is pushing. These providers and payers and to fix the prescription benefit system or making them more efficient or compatible.Kyle Kiser: Yeah. I think there is a, I maybe describe it as rationalizing. R I don't think that a clinical team and a PBM and PNT committee at a health system have dramatically different opinions on what medications should be prescribed, for what conditions. The friction exists in that they're making those decisions in isolation of one another. So I think I see our role as a connector to help, you know, in a value based world, the incentives start to align between risk bearing entity and health system. And many times the health system becomes the risk bearing entity fully. And so our goal is to empower providers to understand those things in real time, to manage the complexity for them, only engage them with the information that makes a difference in the decision they're trying to make and ultimately create a better experience for the patient, a better outcome for the patient, and a less burdensome process for the provider organization.Harry Glorikian: So as we all know, I mean, the American medical system is famous for sending patients surprise bills after clinical encounter or an emergency room visit, right. Where a bandage or an aspirin can carry some crazy prices that I've seen. And I'm trying to project onto where you are as a company and where you want to go. I mean, now that you've tackled the rrtransparency in drug pricing, which I would honestly like to see everywhere, because I think I've heard my wife complain all the time when she encounters some astronomical price. Right. Can you imagine trying to tackle or bring greater transparency to other medical costs, such as maybe a surgical procedure or hospital supplies. I mean, is there anything that you've learned about prescription benefits that's transferable to all these other types of care?Kyle Kiser: Absolutely. Yeah. We're already moving beyond prescriptions today and focused on labs, radiology services, generally. And see the dynamics of the payer-PBM end of the market five or six years ago as it relates to pharmacy real time benefit shaping up much in the same way around medical benefits. That payers are thinking about these problems in the same ways and are showing initiative and prioritizing putting this information at the point of care for for all of the reasons that we just described on the drug side are true in many ways on the medical side. So, yes, absolutely. That's where we're headed. And the regulatory tailwinds are there in a new way. Right. If you think about in the last 12 months, there's been more price transparency legislation than in the last 30 years. And that, combined with the no surprise billing legislation, really creates this this kind of pre EOB requirement for each of the stakeholders and they got to solve that problem. And we see ourselves as really well positioned to be a part of that solution.Harry Glorikian: Yeah. I mean, you know, it there was no way. I mean, the Affordable Care Act got put into place and there were certain things in there that just there was no way that you were going to be able to do that without some level of transparency and understanding what's going on.Kyle Kiser: Yeah. Yeah, that's right. But even further, right, before the end of last year there were price transparency regulations for health systems, for providers, for payers. And then the no surprise billing legislation has in it a component that says, you know, before you deliver care, you got to be able to give an estimation of cost. And so all of those things sort of work together from a regulatory perspective to start to drive the market in that direction. So absolutely, it's coming everywhere. It's going to be, it's going to be a part of the way that every health care decision is made in the future. And it's just a matter of time before that's the case.Harry Glorikian: Yeah. It's interesting because I have lots of conversations with, you know, lots of different people. And they I don't think they understand that. If you don't have that level of transparency, you truly don't have a competitive environment, right? You can't make choices because you don't have the information to be able to make that choice.Kyle Kiser: That's exactly right. Without it, there is no marketplace. Right. That's probably overstated. It's without it, it's a dysfunctional marketplace. And with transparency, we will start to see real competitive dynamics emerge. And I'm hopeful for that. Sunlight's the greatest antiseptic.Harry Glorikian: Oh, I totally agree. I mean, for me, it's always been like a walled garden. Like, you know, either you're here or, you know, you're out of luck, right? Because you don't have any information so you can go across the street. So. So. I guess I should be asking. I've probably reached the limit of my knowledge on the subject matter, but like, is. Is there anything I haven't asked you or anything, you know, that you would want to add to the conversation that would be enlightening to the people that are listening?Kyle Kiser: Yeah, well, the only thing I would sort of make sure we reframe a little bit is that this isn't necessarily about price transparency. Price transparency is a component of providing access to care for patients, and that's ultimately what we continually focus on inside of our company, that price is an input. Affordability is an input. Convenience is an input. The ability to actually receive the prescription is an input. We're ultimately trying to make sure that affordability and speed to care lead to better outcomes. And that's an access story, not just a price transparency story. And so that's the only sort of reframe that I'd offer is that ultimately this has to lead to better health, people getting healthier, getting the care they need, being able to afford the medications that they need. And that's the work. And we're going to stop at nothing to make sure that that happens.Harry Glorikian: Excellent. Well, it was great talking to you, Kyle. I wish you great success because, I mean, whenever I talk to anybody, I'm like, I know I could be benefiting from all of this, so I want everybody to be successful.Kyle Kiser: We appreciate the well-wishes and we'll be working hard to ensure that that's the case.Harry Glorikian: Excellent. Thank you so much.Kyle Kiser: All right. Thanks, Harry.Harry Glorikian: Bye bye.Harry Glorikian: That's it for this week's episode. You can find a full transcript of this episode as well as the full archive of episodes of The Harry Glorikian Show and MoneyBall Medicine at our website. Just go to glorikian.com and click on the tab Podcasts.I'd like to thank our listeners for boosting The Harry Glorikian Show into the top three percent of global podcasts.If you want to be sure to get every new episode of the show automatically, be sure to open Apple Podcasts or your favorite podcast player and hit follow or subscribe. Don't forget to leave us a rating and review on Apple Podcasts. And we always love to hear from listeners on Twitter, where you can find me at hglorikian.Thanks for listening, stay healthy, and be sure to tune in two weeks from now for our next interview.

Jehovah Our Banner-I. Our Enemy-II. Our Battle-III. Our Victory-Scripture Reading- Exodus 17-Text- Exodus 17-8-16

Celtics lose in the NBA Finals and I take you through my 7 steps of grieving. I ask each player to improve on 1 thing this offseason and try to breakdown what Brad Stevens can do with all his TPEs to help this team get back to the NBA Finals next season.

Did my high-school take religion to the extreme? When was the last time you watched cable? On this weeks LFG Brandon and I are talking about Under The Banner Of Heaven. A limited series which was on FX and Hulu. This series stars the greatest spider-man Andrew Garfield. Give it a listen. Questions, comments, or concerns? Email us at GalaxyOfFilm@gmail.com You can follow us on Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok @GalaxyOfFilm and subscribe to our YouTube channel, Galaxy Of Film Productions! Danilo's short film 08.05.18. - https://youtu.be/XL4olt7nX6A Our new SWCA Vlog - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3Ssq06p7SU Follow our guest star! Brandon - @blion2k22 on instagram and @BrandonM226 on twitter Music made by Dakari Holder. Graphic design by Mason Conrad. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/galaxyoffilm/support

Join John and Jenn as we hear Part 1 of Rachel's Mormon Story! From growing up on the east coast, the difficulties of moving to Utah in high school and the pressure of a temple marriage. Show Notes: 1116-1119: Liz Layton - Millennial Post-Mormon, Former Utah Jazz Dancer, Coping with the Suicide of Loved Ones Earl Wunderli Book on Book of Mormon Under the Banner of Heaven MS Episode with Pastor Rick at South Mountain Hillsong Documentary Rachel (@rachel_wunder) TikTok | Watch Rachel's Newest TikTok Videos ————— We are 100% donor funded! Please click HERE to donate and keep this content coming! Click here to donate monthly: $10 $25 $50 ————— MSP on Spotify MSP on Apple Podcasts MSP Blog Instagram Patreon TikTok Discord Contact Us! *MormonStories@gmail.com *PO Box 171085 Salt Lake City, UT 84117

"Under The Banner Of Heaven" is a true-crime miniseries on FX (which is now streaming in full on Hulu) that depicts the real-life investigation into the Lafferty family and the LDS Church in Utah during the 1980s. Developed by Dustin Lance Black, director Isabel Sandoval ("Lingua Franca") was brought on board for the limited series' penultimate episode "Revelation," which has been submitted for a Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Directing for a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie. Isabel was kind enough to talk with us about her character-focused episode, what it was like directing Andrew Garfield, how working in television differed from working in film, and more. Please take a listen down below and enjoy! Thank you. Check out more on NextBestPicture.com Please subscribe on... SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/nextbestpicturepodcast iTunes Podcasts - https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/negs-best-film-podcast/id1087678387?mt=2 Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/7IMIzpYehTqeUa1d9EC4jT And be sure to help support us on Patreon for as little as $1 a month at https://www.patreon.com/NextBestPicture

Last time we spoke, the Yuan Dynasty lost their hold over China as a result of famines and a rebellion led by Zhu Yuanzhang that eventually toppled them. Now the Ming Dynasty stood as a marvel to the world achieving great wonders, but how long would it prosper? The Ming Dynasty's first Emperors began their reign hampered by paranoia, leading to bloodshed. Eventually it seemed all was going well for the new Dynasty, but then an external threat came to the door in the form of Japan. The Imjin War of 1592-1598 saw the Ming Dynasty quelling the Japanese challenge at their status as the supreme military power in East Asia, but it also weakened them, opened the door for the Jurchen Chieftain Nurhaci to establish a new state and wage war upon them. Now Nurhaci had won a great victory over 4 Ming armies, what would he do next and how would the Ming stop him? Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War.   This episode is the Ming strike back  After Nurhaci had shocked the Ming Court by defeating the 4 armies they sent to destroy him, they now realized they required bigger actions. The Ming Court appointed Xiong Tingbi as “Jinglue” the Military Affairs Commissioner of Liaodong. Xiong was a veteran, a very skilled commander, an intelligent negotiator and interestingly an ambidextrous archer. He was one of the very few Ming officials who had both civil and military skills. Xiong began his work by taking an account of his forces and the enemy. There was supposed to be roughly 180,000 Ming soldiers in the region, but Xiong's personal inspectors found only 90,000 and of which many were unfit for war. Xiong estimated Nurhaci to have around 100,000 men, so this prompted him to request 1.2 million taels of silver from the Ministry Revenue to pump up the Liaodong defense. This soon escalated into a back and forth situation, prompting Xiong to argue that the bureaucrats were not investing enough funds to actually put up a real defense of Liaodong. In the end the Ministers of War and Revenue coughed up around half what he asked for. This would be a recurring theme until the end of the Ming dynasty.    Xiong's strategy was to establish extremely stout defenses instead of sending large forces out in the field to face the Jin. He also sought to “sooth the hearts and minds of the people”, emphasizing a psychological aspect of the war. What was meant by this was that Xiong was displaying to the Emperor that they needed the people of Liao to know they were valued subjects, because too many were becoming unhappy and as a result defected to the Jin. Xiong also realized having failed to secure enough funds he needed to find his own and thus they would “use the people of Liao to defend Liao and by using the resources of Liao to support Liao”.   Xiong realized the only real avantage the Ming held over the Jin, was that of firepower. Thus Xiong wanted to formulate his defensive plans based around taking advantage of that. He quickly began using the funds to build up the moats and walls for the fortresses, build cannons and firearms and paid for the relocation of over 180,000 additional troops from other regions to defend a southern line between Fushun and Fort Zhenjiang. He also built up a system of beacons and watch towers which provided communication and coordination for the defensive efforts, cant help but visualize the beacons of Gondor haha.   Xiong's defensive strategy was to not meet the Jin in the open field and allow them to fall upon his fortifications. Thus he would not ride out to meet the invaders, but bide time and gradually recover lost territory through attrition. This would all start from Fushun and Qinghe, he also hoped to eventually gain some assistance from Mongols in the north and Koreans from the east thereby forcing the Jin into a multi front war. Xiong perceived Shenyang to have land too open and thus too difficult to defend so he argued against fortifying it much. This gave fuel to other rival officials to criticize him for this, stating he was simply abandoning it. Unsurprisingly given the Ming political climate, Xiong's plans were attacked by many officials. One of the largest critics was Yang Sichang who said it was too difficult to fund and transport many of the troops Xiong wanted and that this would lead to heavy tax hikes and burdens for the commoners. Then as more territory fell to the Jin, Yang criticized Xiong's strategy stating “who even dares to stand up to the enemy. If good rewards are bestowed, then certainly there will be bravery”. It seemed unlike many of his colleagues, Xiong understood the Ming could win a defensive war by not trying to meet the enemy on the field. In fact once he began his defensive campaign, the Jin attacks decreased somewhat.   Xiong would end up serving around a year with the full backing of Emperor Wanli who personally liked him, until he died on August 18th of 1620. At the end of his life, Emperor Wanli blamed the civil and military officials' inability to cooperate for the debacle in Liaodong. With the passing of Emperor Wanli, very little moments of military glory would befall the Ming's future.  Emperor Wanli was succeeded by Emperor Taichang who died barely a month into his term of possibly dysentery and was succeeded by Emperor Tianqi. As the transition process between the emperors was carrying on, many officials who had grievances against Xiong began to make their moves. They began to berate the high costs of his defenses, slandered his accomplishments and accused Xiong of losing territory and being a coward. An impeachment process began against Xiong and he did not want to face even worse scrutiny that could possibly lead to dire consequences so he quit his job. The position of Military Affairs Commissioner for Liaodong fell to Yang Sichang, one of the main officials slandering him; this also would become a recurring theme. A man named Yuan Yingtai was made Minister of War and Commissioner of Liao affairs. When Emperor Tianqi taking the throne and with Xiong out of the picture, suddenly the decision to reinforce Shenyang was made. As you might remember, Xiong thought it was not a good place to establish defenses. Yuan Yingtai was confident he could take more aggressive actions unlike his predecessor. He also sought to bolster the Ming strength with Mongol allies whom he personally trusted more than the inhabitants of Liaodong. You see, as a result Han defectors because of the Jin attacks, and just because of general history, the people of Liaodong were perceived by many to be somewhat untrustworthy. Thus he began promising several Mongol chieftains monetary rewards in exchange for their aid. Some of Yuan's colleagues feared what would happen with all the Mongols after they defeated the Jin stating “it was like opening the chicken coop to welcome the wolf and the tiger”. Despite all the worry Yuan persuaded the new Emperor to give 3 million taels to begin hiring Mongols, though much like in all aspects of the Ming dynasty at this point, the logistics of that money being dispursed properly by local officials was going to have issues.   Nurhaci's forces invaded the Liaodong region in the February of 1621 commencing with a siege against the fortress of Fengjibao due east of Shenyang. The forts defenses were commanded by General Li Bingchen and the cannons along its walls proved to be quite deadly, so Nurhaci took the easy route and simply surrounded the fortress at a safe distance waiting to starve them out. Eventually Li Bingchen alongside 200 soldiers came out and engaged the nearest Jin force managing to inflict some casualties, then they ran for their lives back to the fort as the Jin forces chased after them. During the chase, 1 Jin officer was killed by cannon fire, so Nurhaci pulled back the men to safety. The next day, Li Bingchen came out, but this time with 2000 men trying to engage the Jin. This time they were absolutely broken by the Jin and scattered in defeat, Li Bingchen himself was forced to flee away,  and so the fortress was taken. Now the path to Shenyang was wide open. It is somewhat ironic to note, the removal of the defensive Xiong Tingbi and the appointment of the more aggressive Yuan Yingtai was what really facilitated Nurhaci's attacks on Liaoyang and soon Shenyang. If you recall, Xiong did not want to defend Shenyang, deeming it indefensible. Yuan Yingtai did not share this view.   After taking Fengjibao, Nurhacis army continued its march towards Shenyang, but he wanted to hit the city before winter had broken. Nurhaci's scouts reported to him that Shenyang was quite heavily fortified with many cannons and firearms. Not wanting to needlessly sacrifice men, Nurhaci opted to establish a base camp on the banks of the Hun River and ordered his men to conduct raids and pillage the surrounding area to push the Shenyang defenders to sortie against them in the open field. There were 2 major commanders at Shenyang, He Shixian and You Shigong. Well Nurhaci's raiding proved to be successful, as He Shixian, suddenly came rushing out with 1000 soldiers to attack a smaller Jin raiding party and allegedly he was quite drunk as well.    They were quickly surrounded and forced to try and fight their way back to the west gate of Shenyang. Many of He Shixian's men desperately urged him to flee to Liaoyang and to this he apparently said “How can I as the General not remain to defend the City?”. You Shigong saw He Shixian's plight as he and his forces tried desperately to reach the west gate. Thus You Shigong tried to come out with his own force to save him, but He Shixian by that point had taken 4 arrows into his back and died. You Shigong's forces were then surrounded and completely annihilated. Nurhaci's men then scaled the walls of the city using siege ladders. As they were scaling the walls however a Ming relief column commanded by Chen Ce was spotted around the Hun River, so Nurhaci personally led some Banner men to attack them. Chen Ce's heavy armored Pike infantry tried to make a solid formation against the Jin cavalry, but were outflanked and pushed right into the Hun River, many drowning in their heavy armor. Another relief column showed up behind them and engaged a force of 200 Jin which were quickly pulled back. Nurhaci then rallied them alongside his son Daisan and killed possibly 3000 of the Ming forces as they chased them out of the area.   Shenyang's morale broke upon seeing their presumed rescuers all fail and soon the Jin captured the city. After hearing that Shenyang had fallen, a Ming army of 50,000 was set to besiege and recapture the city. Scouts brought news of this to Nurhaci who stated that they must keep the momentum going, so he grabbed his bannerman and rushed out to confront the Ming force on the open field before they could set up their entrenchments around Shenyang. The Ming army was taken by surprise and only able to position their guns and fire a few times before the Jin cavalry was upon them. Nurhaci's men made a pincer attack forcing the Ming to rout. Nurhaci would  further this up, by simultaneously attacking and defeating yet another relief force dispatched from Liaoyang. The battle was quite significant as it marked the first time that Nurhaci had captured a significant walled city. All the previous victories were smaller fortresses and market towns. Capturing Shenyang was a huge achievement not by its lonesome, it also meant the Jin had a springboard to capture Liaoyang and perhaps control the whole region now. Liaoyang at this point was considered the lynchpin of Ming defenses, it had been heavily fortified with heavy firearms on its walls and an abundant garrison. Nurhaci was also given word that Yuan Yingtai's headquarters were located at Liaoyang.   Thus Nurhaci's force immediately began to march upon Liaoyang and camped a couple miles outside the walled city. They began their siege of the city by cutting off its main water supply, sapping the eastern wall of the city and constructing siege weapons. Nurhaci also suspected relief armies would soon embark to assist Liaoyang, so he tasked 4 banners to intercept any that might try. Once the Ming defenders saw the siege weapons being constructed, this prompted them to send out a force of 30,000 troops who quickly set up their own lines and fired guns and catapults upon the invaders. The Ming defector and now commander, Li Yongfang utilized his own cannons upon the Ming force drawing their attention while a smaller Jin force snuck around them. That Jin force then made a desperate attack upon the bridge leading into the walled city under heavy Ming cannonfire. They were able to take the Wujing Gate and cut down the bridge severing the 30,000 strong Ming force outside. The Ming desperately tried to flee back into the city realizing they had been cut off, but now the invaders were charging on their heels pushing them into the cities moat, the very moat that was supposed to protect them! It is said quote “the defenders corpses eventually piled up so much within the moat that the water turned crimson red”. The Jin forces then began to employ floating bridges across the moat. A relief corps from Shandong arrived to the scene, but the 4 Banner's dispatched just for the possibility were able to turn them back. Meanwhile the wall defenders rained fire arrows and pots full of fiery substances, but it would be to no avail as 2 walls soon crumbled. As the walls fell, the defenders began to panic and tried to flee only to come face to face with more Jin attackers and be pushed back to die within the moats. From the first day of the siege, Yuan Yingtai personally led the troops. To his despair, a Jin cannon had managed to hit the Ming Powder stores, which took out a vast amount of their supply. To add insult to injury, the Mongol allies they had within the city were plundering it instead of aiding in the defense. Yuan Yingtai was standing in a tower watching the destruction fall before him. Once he say the banner troops breach the walls he lit his watch tower on fire committing suicide. It is alleged before he did this, he welcomed the invaders waving some burned incense shouting “wansui” Long Life before he lit himself on fire.    The Jin followed up the taking of Liaoyang by occupying all the defenses east of the Liao River, over 70 fortified towns and garrisons. It is estimated 70,000 Ming soldiers perished and the Ming relief forces from the south had only taken perhaps 2 to 3 thousand Jin forces down trying to save the region. A lot of the fortified cities would do well initially in battles, but they all seemed to run out of ammunition or gunpowder and eventually would fall as a result. Adding to this, with every city taken by the Jin, more and more of the Ming's Mongol allies defected to the Jin cause.   The situation prompted Nurhaci to send a letter to the King of the Joseon Dynasty pressing him to renounce his allegiance to the Ming and to turn over all the Ming refugees who fled into Korea. Nurhaci began to restore many Ming officials to their former ranks and titles, but now under service to the Jin state. As was becoming more standard practice, Nurhaci also gave orders to his forces to leave the Ming commoners unmolested. And yet again, Nurhaci moved his capital now to Liaoyang and held a victory feast 3 months later in the new capital.    It was at this point Nurhaci began to do more state building and put on hold the further invasion of Ming territory. He wanted to draw more subjects over to his side from the Ming and he did this by initiating new laws, taxes and practices designed to protect all peoples, specifically Han chinese. Meanwhile the Ming Court were scratching their heads trying to figure out why Shenyang and Liaoyang fell. A lot of reasons were given such as: Yuan Yingtai lacking practical military experience, the Ming officials were all uncoordinated,  the Ming soldiers abandoned the fortresses too fast sometimes before there was even a breach in any wall and perhaps there was just a general lack of discipline in the military ranks. Thus the Ming Court made motions to improve the military training and searched for more capable commanders. Xue Guoyong was appointed Vice Minister of War and the Jinglue of Liaodong. Wang Huazhen was appointed Xunfu, the vice censor in chief of the right and touring pacification commissioner of Guangning, wow what a long title. Oh and its not just a long title, there was a real issue beginning to brew with the Ming Court appointing too many responsibilities onto single officials. Indeed the Ming bureaucracy was ripe with incompetence as it was with corruption. Often Ming officials would compete for resources or formulate countervailing strategies in the field. In the absence of a strong overseer, gridlocks formed often. While the Tianqi Emperor secluded himself and did not put his foot down enough on the Ming officials, Nurhaci was always in the field holding direct command of his forces. This would prove to be a distinct advantage leading to the Ming downfall. This would also end up the case with Xue Guoyong, who began his job…by really not advocating any particular policy. Though on the plus side, this led to a more defensive strategy.   Now Wang Huazhen however favored an aggressive policy using both land and sea operations against the Jin. The Ming Court then tried to figure out the best place to hold the line, most thought the best would be the west bank of the Liao River. Thus the city of Guangning was going to be heavily fortified and Xiong Tingbi was recalled to service. Xiong immediately recommensed with his original defense strategy using Guangning as the focal point. He fortified positions along the Sancha River and made sure Denglai and Tianjin would be able to launch both land and naval relief operations. Xiong asked for 300,000 men to execute the new defensive plan but would only receive around 260,000. To make matters worse, Wang Huazhen began dispersing these forces to garrison multiple sites rather than concentrate the bulk at Guanging as Xiong planned. As I said countervailing strategies in the field.   To add to the chaos that was the Ming Court there was a rather famous upcoming star named Mao Wenlong. Mao had established a base of operations on the island of Pidao near the mouth of the Yalu River and he made a series of raids into Jin territory, sometimes aided by Korean units. This would push the Jin to make expeditions within Korea to try and capture Mao and also had the double effect of influencing the Ming Court. As I have mentioned, the overall strategy was now defensive, but these daring raids by Mao were pushing those in the Court to adopt more and more aggressive policies. Mao became something of a lynchpin for the aggressive camp in the ourt, despite the fact Mao was only leading around 200 men with 4 boats. Mao did manage to strike at the fortress of Zhenjiang showcasing how much of a pest he could be to the Jin. Meanwhile Xiong and Wang argued against each other over their defense vs offense strategies and now Wang had fuel for his side of the argument, that of Mao. Thus the Court eventually gave way to Wang who unleashed Mao upon the Jin. The Ming Court agreed to allow upto 50,000 men to be sent by sea to Liaodong to capture Zhenjiang and once it was secured their Korean allies might augment it as well. Xiong argued it was too early for such ventures but that was not headed as Wang rebutted by stating he had over 400,000 Mongol allies ready to act. Thus Mao disembarked under the cover of darkness to attack Zhenjiang. Mao had secured some 5th columnists inside who opened the gates for his Ming forces and the Jin garrison was forced to flee. Mao held the fortress with his men and even repulsed a Jin counter attack of some thousand troops. Then attack after attack after attack came, and Mao feared being surrounded and was forced to cast off back to Pidao island. As soon as Mao left, Nurhaci ordered his forces to raze Zhenjiang to the ground, not ever wanting to deal with the pesky situation again.     Now while this was a major victory for Mao it also held dire consequences. First it had dislocated a lot of people from Korea and Liaodong and they would most likely defect to the Jin. Second it began the rise of semi-independent military figures in the Bohai gulf region. Third, it shook the confidence of the Jin and pushed them to continue the invasion sooner. Mao's achievements also did little to anything in regards to retaking territory. The Ming Court however were now more than ever bolstered towards Wang's aggressive strategy and were now poised to launch an operation into Liaodong. Mao was appointed “zongbing guan” Commander of Dongjiang and ordered to coordinate an attack on the Jin rear alongside the Korean allies, so the Ming forces from the west would not have all attention put on them. Mao immediately demanded 50,000 troops and to make a deadly pincer attack. It also seems everything had really gone to Mao's head as he began referring to himself as an independent “hai wang” (sea king) in the Bohai region. Mao began to boast that with only 40,000 men he could recapture all of Liaodong and those threats did not go unnoticed by Nurhaci. Nurhaci would begin a long process of courting Mao try to strike a deal with him secretly.   Now while the Jin invasions were definitely a primary threat to the Ming Dynasty, problems from within the empire would also contribute to its downfall. One major one would be known as the She-An Rebellion of 1621.    To finance the war efforts in Liaodong, provinces like Guizhou and Sichuan were required to send troops, war supplies, grain and a hell of a lot of money. This led to a lot of discontent and some disastrous situations. A aboriginal chieftain named She Chongming had agreed to send grain and 20,000 troops to Liaodong for the war effort. Well She showed up to the provincial capital, Chongqing with the grain and the 20,000 troops including all their families, making the total number over 80,000. The local governor informed them that the Ming only required the warriors and ordered the families to return home while simultaneously refusing to provide them food rations for the trip back. And so She killed the governor, many other officials and assaulted Chongqing. Well apparently this was all part of the plan and She quickly proclaimed the formation of the Kingdom of Shu, that being in reference to the ancient people of Sichuan.    Soon 100,000 locals defected to the cause of conquering Sichuan. The rebellion spread like wildfire from Sichuan, Guizhou, Zunyi and eventually petered out at Chengdu which was unsuccessfully besieged for over 102 days. In the meantime the Ming forces were able to reclaim Chongqing after a month of fighting. Then following in She's footsteps, another aboriginal chieftain named An Bangyan tried to get out of paying some taxes by asking to send troops instead to Liaodong. The Ming official rejected the request and An joined the rebellion stating it was “in order to reclaim his ancestors glory”. She and An combined their forces and marched on the city of Guiyang in Guizhou with an army estimated to be up to 300,000 strong. Guiyang city only had 5000 soldiers, but the indigenous army was unable to penetrate the city's wall defenses, it turns out they went about their attack only one gate at a time. The siege lasted 296 days and barely 200 of the city's defenders survived. Many of the cities inhabitants were forced to resort to cannibalism, some even went atop the city gates to show the attackers the acts of cannibalism to show their resolve.  In 1623 a Ming relief force was sent to quell the rebellion and were ambushed resulting in the death of a possible 40,000 troops. The commander on scene then pleaded for an additional 200,000 troops and 3 million taels worth of war supplies to stop the rebellion. The government periodically would send forces to fight the rebels over the course of many years, but the rebellion persisted. Then in 1629 both She and An would be killed on the battlefield and the Ming finally managed to quell the rebellion. In all the rebellion required possibly a million Ming troops and cost up to 35 million taels of silver, over 12,000 per day. The fact the rebellion lasted so long showcases the enormous dissatisfaction the common people felt about the Ming rule in the South West. Now it goes without saying this was an enormous cost on both human life and for the finances of the ailing dynasty, but lets not forget all the people and money spent in the south west of China was also not being spent in the North East against the Jin raiders.   Taking our focus back to the northeast, Ming forces at the fortress in Xiping had managed to repulse a Jin assault. The commander of Fortress Xiping was Luo Yiquan, who prefered sticking inside the fortress rather than open field combat. Luo's forces defended the city fiercely, his cannons inflicted heavy  casualties upon the Jin forces, so much so that when Li Yongfang asked him to surrender, Luo simply cursed him out as a traitor. It is said quote “that so many of Jin's corpses piled up that it reached the top of the walls and that Luo himself could not wield his bow at one point as a result of so much blood streaming into his eyes”. Yet like so many other Ming fortresses, there was a finite amount of gunpowder and ammunition. When Luo ran out he apparently turned in the direction of Beijing, bowed and said “Your minister has exhausted himself” before slitting his throat. Luo's remaining garrison of 3000 were slaughtered when Nurhaci's men took the fortress. Xiong was furious at Wang's inability to hold Xiping, stating “where has all your big talk of peacetime gone?”. Well it turns out Wang had indeed sent a relief force of 30,000 men, but they arrived late and were ambushed by the Jin perhaps losing a third in battle.    Now when the reports began to pour in that Luo's forces were giving the Jin hell at fortress Xiping, this seemed to have emboldened Wang Huazhen who appointed Sun Degong to follow up the successful repulse and take the fight to the Jin on the field. Sun Degong began this mission by cutting a deal with Nurhaci promising to help turn over Guangning. When Xiping fell, Sun ran to Guangning and began telling everyone impending doom was on the way. This prompted Wang's Mongol allies to begin plundering everywhere. Thus the city was emptied and Sun was able to turn it over neatly to Nurhaci. Wang had originally been at Guangning, but quickly fled to the outskirts of Dalinghe where he ran into none other than Xiong Tingbi who berated him “You said you could completely pacify Liao with 60,000 troops so what happened?”. Wang now agreed that Xiong's defensive strategy was the best option and both men told their forces to begin a scorched earth policy as they retreated in shame towards Shanhaiguan.    As for Sun Degong he earned a place in Nurhaci's army as a mobile corps commander attached to the White Banner. Sun helped Nurhaci's sons Daisan and Hung Taiji furthermore to take Yizhou, killing a garrison of 3000 there. With the loss of Guangning the Ming had lost a central staging point to recover territory in Liaodong. Both Xiong and Wang were impeached and each executed, Xiong in 1625, Wang in 1632. Xiong seems to be quite the victim in all of this and many felt he should not have been executed. But Xiong had made quite a few enemies over the years and lacked enough powerful friends to save him. His loss would be one of many terrible losses for the ailing dynasty. With the loss of Guangning, many in the court were now convinced of the necessity to create a second front to distract Nurhaci. Thus the sea king, Mao Wenlong was appointed commander in charge of pacifying Liao and instructed to cooperate with the new jinglue, Sun Chengzong. Sun Chengzong enjoyed a good relationship with the emperor and managed to convince him to appoint several men, 2 important ones being Sun Yuanhua and Yuan Chonghuan. Sun began his job by fortifying the Ming defense perimeter. Similar to Xiong, Sun favored a defensive approach. Sun made an effort to caution the Ming court not to overemphasize minor defeats or victories, but rather to always keep up a stout defense and win this war by outlasting. To Sun, the major issue at hand was that many in the court who held most of the power had no knowledge of military matters. Sun gave Yuan Chonghuan the job of Inspector of the Army at Shanhaiguan, so that he could train and establish defensive preparations.    Sun dispatched many Ming officials to inspect the state of defenses. Their findings indicated that Ningyuan, located due southwest of Guangning was the best place for an advance base and that the walls could be extended as far out as Shanhaiguan. Sun also recognized that since the beginning of the conflict, the Ming were at an extreme disadvantage in the open field, something new needed to be done. Ming rulers had long understood the importance of firearms for war, they had proved crucial in the 3 great campaigns of the Wanli Emperor in the 1590's afterall. Thus Sun called for 130,000 additional troops to face the Jin and directed the Ministry of Works to construct 300 “caitiff exterminating cannons”, 1000 100character cannons and 7000 niao chongs, sometimes denoted as arquebuses. The Jin had defeated the Ming countless times because of the superior mobility of their large amount of cavalry, allowing them to lure the Ming into killing fields and terrain that best suited them. Now the Ming were turning to outside sources to aid their war effort.    The Portuguese colony on Macau was consulted to aid in the training of gunnery and soon experts were made such as Sun Yuanhua who would claim to have trained 8000 men in firearms in under 3 months time. As one Jesuit stated at the time “These guns were highly esteemed and carried to the frontiers against the Tartars; who were not knowing of this new invention, and coming on many together in a close body received such a slaughter from an iron piece that they were not only put to flight at that time, but went on ever after with more caution”. Sun called for the adopting of western methods for the casting and deployment of cannonry and urged the building of cannon platforms and other wall defense structures to complement them. Sun Yuanhua was appointed the rank of jishi and would train countless in gunnery. Now at this time in history some of these western made cannons are theorized to have a range of around 2-3 miles. A 7000 lb gun which could fire a 32 lb shot would have an effective range of about 2000 feet but could max out at 7000. It is estimated that the Ministry of Works manufactured around 25,000 cannons of various sorts, 6500 muskets, 8000 or so smaller guns and around 4000 Culverines from 1618-1622. Alongside the swords, spears, arrows and such this all is estimated to have cost the Ming Dynasty 21 million taels. That's a staggering amount, greatly showing the extent of the Ming Dynasties resources when push came to shove. The Ming would also receive 26 additional cannons from the Portuguese between 1623-1625 of which 11 were placed in Shanhaiguan.    The sea king, Mao Wenlong continued to press for funds and the assistance of Korea as he waged war on the Jin. Mao made another daring night attack, his time on Jinzhou where he managed to steal 1014 cannons and guns, a ton of gunpowder and other war supplies for the use of his ships. To the Ming, taking such supplies from the Jin was a great war effort, so they kept supporting Mao. Over the next few years, Mao would lead small units against isolated Jin fortresses, raiding from the coast. The entire time he made these ventures, he would continuously complain about needing further funds, but the Koreans, some of whom were assisting him warned the court that he was exaggerating a lot of his victories. The Koreans even warned the Ming court that Mao might be holding secret talks with Nurhaci.   Sun did not favor a withdrawal of Ming forces all the way to Shanhaiguan,which many commanders were advocating for, instead he argued that they use Ningyuan as a staging point of defense and for the future springboard to take territory back. He also wanted to stress the problems he saw looming in the Ming Court, so he made this statement to them “The frontier situation is dire. Troops have been amassed, but not trained and military supplies have not arrived. You need generals to lead the troops but civil officials to coordinate training. Generals must oversee ranks, but a civil offi cial must determine their use. You must use military offi cials to defend the frontiers but every day they should consult with civil officials in their tent. So the frontier should be entrusted to a xunfu and a jinglue and the decision to attack or defend should emanate from the court.”.   Sun further argued that raising troops was not enough and that they would need more adequate funds much to the lamentations of the court who cried there was no money to spend due to the She-An rebellion. The Emperor eventually handed over 30,000 taels, which was not very much. Now the new strategy was to hold Ningyuan and the islands of Bohai to force the Jin to divide their strength. They would use Mao Wenlong as a vanguard who could perform land or sea operations. Alongside this many in the court were also in favor of hiring more Mongols, because in their words Mongols might be “more cost effective than paying, feeding, training, and supplying soldiers recruited from the interior”. Well to this Sun unveiled his trump card, a bold new plan, in his words to quote “use the people of Liao to defend Liao and the soil of Liao to support the troops of Liao”. His plan was to establish military farms in the rich soil of Liao which could be garrisoned by 100,000 local Liao people. They would become regular full time soldiers who could defend major fortresses in Liao. The idea was quite good on paper, by doing everything local, the defenders of Liao were less likely to plunder their own neighbors and would be more likely to fight off invaders for what they now had. Sun's plan was given the greenlight and in 1622 he began implementing training programs in the use of firearms with the aid of Yuan Chonghuan. Liao locals were enlisted for building projects and military jobs. Brigades were organized and the land cultivation expanded all across liao. Sun recommended they build 5 new walled cities and 13 forts for protecting the people of Liao. All of this work in turn helped revive the great Ming project called tuntian, which was a agricultural farm system designed to feed all the troops in the empire, but it had been waning over the centuries. By 1623 Sun was given additional honorific titles and 100,000 taels as reward for his efforts to restore discipline and order within the region of Liao. After 4 years in office, Sun had recaptured 9 major cities, 45 fortresses, trained 110,000 new troops and a massive amount of arms production.Yet despite his great success, Sun was also acquiring jealous enemies within the Ming court such as the eunuch Wei Zhongxian. Wei Zhongxian had been incriminated by some officials that were friends to Sun and he held a grievance towards them all. Alongside this the Jin had begun raids south of the Great Wall and recaptured the city of Lushun in 1625. Sun's successes made his rivals quite jealous and his enemies did not stop at just attacking him, they went after his proteges also. Eventually Wei Zhongxian and his allies managed to pressure Sun to retire and he was replaced by Gao Di in late 1625.    In the meantime, there had been problems in Korea and the Sea King Mao was arguing they needed to do more to support their Korean allies stating “although weak, Korea is still on our border and can be useful in helping us resist the Jin. Therefore we cannot simply abandon Korea. Every person who returns to being a Ming subject is one less potential Jin soldier”. The idea of Korea falling into the orbit of the Jin frightened the court and Wei Zhongxian argued they should support Mao. At the same time, former predecessor and successor to Sun, Yuan Chonghuan was growing increasingly frustrated by Mao's antics.    After the blunders at the battle of Sarhu and Guangning, Yuan Chonghuan was tasked with the defense of Shanhaiguan in 1622. Before he went to the frontlines he actually visited the imprisoned Xiong Tingbi before his execution. Xiong asked Yuan what his strategy would be, to which Yuan stated “first defend, then fight”. Xiong was pleased at the similar mindset and advised him for the rest of the day. By 1624 Yuan was helping build the new defensive lines around Songshan, Xingshan, Dalinghe and Jinzhou. Then some of the Ming Court began to argue that the Ming forces should be pulled further back to which Yuan protested “In the art of war you advance, not retreat. Three cities have already been recovered; we can't lightly cast them away! If these places are disturbed, everything will fall apart and we won't be able to hold the passes. Now if we select a capable general to guard them, certainly we won't need to deliberate further”. When Sun was replaced, Gao Di did not agree with Yuan on the issue and made orders to abandon the cities. Despite the orders however, Yuan refused to withdraw stating “I have been entrusted with the defense of the Ningyuan region. Should I need to, I'll die for it, but I certainly won't abandon it!”. Thus Yuan began to prepare Ningyuan for an onslaught all by his lonesome.   Nurhaci noticed the Ming pulling back forces and saw that Ningyuan was becoming isolated, so what better place to attack? Now throughout the conflict, though Nurhaci's forces were winning victory after victory, Ming cannons proved to inflict quite a toll upon them. Nurhaci wanted to create a new strategy to help against the cannons. So his forces would now stretch animal hides over military carts and send them first in to draw fire, then follow this up with infantry and cavalry strikes to goad out defenders from the forts. In early 1626 Nurhaci's forces arrived at Ningyuan where he tried to convince them to surrender. He sent the message to Yuan Chonghuan stating he would overrun his city with a force of over 200,000. Yuan replied that he knew the great Khan only had 130,000 troops and that he and his fellow commanders were prepared to die to the last man defending Ningyuan. He also left the ancient maxim quote “Those who seek life will die, but those who welcome death will live”.    As we mentioned, Ningyuan's walls had quite a few western made cannons and Yuan had ordered the torching of all the nearby buildings around the city to not offer anything to the invaders. Well trained Fujianese gunners were put on cannon detail and the word was sent out to Shanhaiguan calling for reinforcements. Yuan had a total garrison of 20,000 men with sub commanders assigned specific roles. Man Gui was in charge of wall defenses, Zu Dashou the south gate, Zhu Mei the north gate and Zuo fufen the west gate. The night before the battle Yuan conducted a blood pact, the defenders would defend the city to the death, any who fled would be executed. The Jin setup came northwest of the city, testing the range of the Ming cannons. Nurhaci's scouts reported the southwest corner of the city to be the weakest point. Nurhaci personally led the charge and brandished his sword in the air. Yuan ordered his men to hold fire until the enemy was within a close range. Nurhaci's reinforced military carts rolled forward, but his forces reverted to their original way of fighting and pushed forward of the carts. It seems the Jin hoped to use the same tactics they usually did, run past the cannon fire while goading the defenders out. The Ming did not come out however, they pelted the cavalry with cannonfire and incendiary bombs and poison bombs were lobed over the walls. The Jin forces then tried to attack another corner of the city, but were hit with a ton of burning oil and more incendiary bombs which destroyed a lot of their seige equipment. One strategist on the wall had even come up with the idea of tossing bed sheets covered in gunpowder and oil over the attackers and hitting it with fire arrows. This eventually caused a sea of fire to erupt around the walled city engulfing the Jin's frontal infantry. By the evening the battle was still raging on and parts of the walls were on fire. Around 10pm Nurhaci ordered the men to pull back, finally sending an angry message to his commander Li Yongfang “You said this city would be easy to take. How can it be this difficult to attack?”. The next day the Jin launched similar attacks and got similar results, something obviously needed to change. There was a nearby island called Juehua which held the major granary for Ningyuan. The defenses on the island were a bit more relaxed because the Ming assumed the invaders had no boats, unfortunately the water had frozen enough for men to cross. Nurhaci dispatched a force who crossed the river and massacred thousands while destroying the granary. Estimates place the dead defenders of Juehua to be up to 16,000.   Then Nurhaci yet again brandished his sword and personally led an attack upon the walls, and then disaster struck. One of the Portuguese-made cannons struck near Nurhaci giving him over 30 wounds. Nurhaci was soon taken out of the combat zone and Yuan sent a letter asking the well-being of the Khan, something traditionally done by Ming commanders. Nurhaci reportedly replied back with insults calling Yuan a treacherous man. Now there are a few different stories, but one states Nurhaci died 2 days later of the wounds on September 30th, some others state it to be later on. Regardless at the age of 67 he died, wow, think about that guy at 67 waving a sword around on a horse in battle? This was the first major defeat for Nurhaci, though later Qing records would state he only lost something like 500 men. The Ming reports stated that it was in the figure of a few thousand and Yuan sent 269 heads back to Beijing. The Ming court was overwhelmed with joy by this moment, the Emperor himself exclaimed “that 10 years of defeat had been erased in a single day”. In the meantime, the sea king Mao was still receiving a lot of press coverage for his raids in the Bohai coast and this seems to have frustrated Yuan or atleast made him jealous of the spotlight not only being on him. Yuan began advocating for a mixed strategy of offense and defense, to gradually retake territory from Ningyuan to Lushun. Yuan urged the Ming Court that his way of war would work best and that Mao's wreckless adventures were only provoking the Jin to strike elsewhere where they could do more damage. Needless to say, the tiger that was Nurhaci was dead, so now what would the Jin do?   I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me.  Xiong Tingbi created a defensive strategy to defeat the Jin menace and despite his impeachment and execution, his legacy carried on with certain Ming commanders. The rise of the sea king Mao Wenlong seems to have the court gushing like fan girls over the countless victories he has won, but reports from others are suggesting he might be exaggerating his victories, or perhaps making them up? Sun Chengzong proved to be a very gifted commander initiating new military strategies that bore fruit despite being forced into retirement by his court enemies. Then at the last hour when all hope was lost and all on his lonesome, Yuan Chonghuan the cannon expert managed to turn the tides at Ningyuan by dealing a death blow to Nurhaci's army and Nurhaci himself. The Jin are leaderless, who will take the throne and what comes next?

@PhilTheFilipino is back with his monthly series titled, "Netflix & Phil"! For these episodes, Phil recommends different shows that you'll find on streaming sites like Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime, etc.This month, Phil dives into the true story of the shocking Lafferty family murders, Under the Banner of Heaven on Hulu! Synopsis: Detective Pyre investigates the murder of Brenda Wright Lafferty and her baby daughter in a suburb in the Salt Lake Valley, uncovering buried truths leading him to question his own faith.Check out the Wait For It Podcast YouTube Page: The Wait For It Podcast

Pete and Law revisit The Vurp for the 800th time, answer voicemails, and review some TV before Moreno joins and brings Robert Evans with him for the rest of the show. It's fantastic, Bubbe, just roll with it. Head over to Patreon.com/BingeMedia to sign up for the Full Binge! This week the boys record a commentary for Double Down with Anthony Del Vecchio from They Call This a Movie. This week enjoy the Full BingeCast for free! CLICK ABOVE TO LISTEN NOW! Subscribe to Binge Cast on iTunes

Glenn is joined by Jess, Curt and Wren to wrap up the discussion of Hulu's “Under the Banner of Heaven” and spend some time comparing it to the Netflix documentary “Keep Sweet: Pray and Obey” about the FLDS and Warren Jeffs.   Fill out the Mindfulness Survey here Support the podcast on Patreon here

Join consultant for the series Lindsay Hansen Park as she discusses the portrayals in the show, along with co-host Bryan Buchanan. In this episode Bryan and Lindsay discuss what is happening in episode three of Under the Banner of Heaven and sort fact from fiction.

Kathleen opens the show drinking a limited-edition Busch Light “For the Farmers,” which she LOVES in the summertime. “GOOD BAD FOOD”: In her quest for new and delicious not-so-nutritious junk food AND in continuing her search for the best Ranch, Kathleen samples Hidden Valley Greek Yogurt Ranch, which she doesn't like as much as regular Ranch dressing. She moves on to taste limited edition Old Bay Seasoned Goldfish, which is her absolute favorite new snack. She moves on to try Canada's own Maynard's Wine Gums, which she likes even though they're too chewy for her new crown. UPDATES: Kathleen gives updates on the Q followers waiting for JFK in Dallas, the St. Louis McCloskey's appeal to get their law licenses reinstated, and the US confiscation of the Russian superyacht in Fiji.“HOLY SHIT THEY FOUND IT”: Kathleen is amazed to read about the discovery of the largest-ever predator dinosaur on the Isle of Wight, and the underwater “lost city of Zakhiku” resurfaces 3,400 years later on the Tigris River. CHRISLEY DOESN'T KNOW BEST: Kathleen is amused when reading that Todd and Julie Chrisley, stars of the reality TV show "Chrisley Knows Best," were found guilty of federal charges of tax evasion and conspiring to swindle community banks out of $30 million in fraudulent loans.VIOLENT HAMSTERS: Kathleen reads the results of a study gone awry, with scientists shocked after gene-editing experiment unexpectedly turn hamsters into hyper-aggressive bullies. The technology being tested makes it possible to turn on or off genes in cells, which could make revolutionary changes in cancer treatment, etc. WALMART BUYS THE DENVER BRONCOS: Kathleen is appalled to read an announcement that the Denver Broncos and the Walton-Penner family, led by Walmart heir Rob Walton, have entered into a purchase and sale agreement for the takeover of the team for $4.65 billion, a record for an American sports franchise.MYSTERIOUS TEXAS “WOLF MAN” SPOTTED: Kathleen is excited to read an article advising that a “wolf-man type creature” was spotted outside the gates of the Amarillo Zoo. The city has turned to the public for assistance in determining who or what the creature is. Kathleen loves ALL things bigfoot or Chupacabra related, and speculates her own thoughts on what the creature could be. FAMOUS CHIMP FOUND IN BASEMENT: Kathleen laughs as she reads an article that a famous Hollywood chimp was recently found by PETA in a Missouri basement.SAVING HAWAII'S LANAI: Kathleen has visited the Hawaiian island of Lanai, and is bothered to read about the outcome of Larry Ellison's purchase of the entire island. The eccentric co-founder of Oracle Corp bought the island, which included its businesses and all the land, which made him everyone's boss, landlord, or both overnight. SHARKCANO ERUPTION CAUGHT ON CAMERA: Kathleen LOVES anything to do with sharks, and is thrilled to read about a “sharkcano” eruption that NASA recently captured on film off the coast of Australia. The underwater Kavachi volcano was dubbed "Sharkano" when it was determined that after the crater was an unlikely home to two species of shark able to exist in an extreme environment.83-YR-OLD SAILS PACIFIC SOLO: Kathleen is thrilled to read an article about 83-yr-old Japanese man who recently set a record by becoming the world's oldest solo yachtsman to sail non-stop across the Pacific Ocean.THE CHILDREN STALL ON CARVANA: Kathleen has always been fascinated with the business concept of Carvana, not believing that people will buy a vehicle sight-unseen, and isn't surprised to read that the “Amazon of Dealers” is in deep financial trouble.WHAT TO WATCH THIS WEEK: Kathleen recommends watching “Under the Banner of Heaven” and Teal Swan's documentary “The Deep End” on Hulu.SEE KATHLEEN LIVE: See Kathleen live on her “Do You Have Any Ranch?” Tour. Tickets available at kathleenmadigan.com/tour See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.