Farm City Newsday by AgNet West

The AgNet News Hour featured a detailed conversation with Kings River Packing Vice President of Sales Jesse Silva, offering insight into California's citrus industry as growers navigate weather variability, market pressures, and evolving consumer demands. Silva said the citrus sector is entering the spring and summer season in a solid position overall, even after facing a warmer-than-normal winter that created some production challenges. “We're excited about where we're at right now and our position in the crop,” Silva said. “We just want to finish strong.” One of the key challenges this season has been weather. Warmer conditions during the winter months allowed fruit to continue growing, resulting in larger sizing that can complicate packing and marketing. “With the warmer weather, the fruit is more pliable,” Silva explained. “We've been working hard to manage quality in the field because that's where it all starts.” Despite those challenges, growers are optimistic about late-season citrus, including Valencias, lemons, and grapefruit. Spring rain events are expected to help improve fruit size and support tree health, while also slowing maturity to maintain quality deeper into the season. The conversation also highlighted the continued dominance of mandarins in the marketplace. Seedless varieties remain in high demand, driving growers to invest heavily in solutions like netting to prevent cross-pollination. “It's a big commitment… but that's what we need to do to achieve the right characteristics that consumers demand,” Silva said. Beyond production, Silva pointed to broader industry pressures, including rising input costs and supply chain challenges. Packaging, fuel, and labor all continue to impact profitability, often without corresponding increases in retail pricing. “Those costs are hard to capture,” he said. “Somebody has to absorb them.” At the same time, California citrus continues to benefit from strong domestic demand and a reputation for high-quality fruit. Compared to other regions like Florida, which primarily supplies juice markets, California growers focus on premium fresh fruit that appeals to consumers visually and in taste. “People buy with their eyes,” Silva noted, emphasizing the importance of appearance in retail sales. Looking ahead, Silva said the industry will continue to adapt through innovation, improved farming practices, and new technology. From precision pest management to soil monitoring, growers are finding ways to improve efficiency while maintaining sustainability. “Everything we do… we're trying to be good stewards of the land,” he said. Despite ongoing challenges, Silva remains confident in the long-term outlook for California citrus, driven by strong demand, family farming traditions, and continued investment in quality and innovation.

The AgNet News Hour spotlighted two major Central Valley events—the upcoming Clovis Rodeo and the continued growth of World Ag Expo—showcasing the strong connection between agriculture, community, and industry innovation. The show first featured Clovis Rodeo board member Ronnie Dunbar, who shared details about the 112th annual event set for April 22–26. The rodeo continues to be one of the premier Western events in California, drawing tens of thousands of attendees and top competitors from across the country. “We'll have close to 700 cowboys here,” Dunbar said. “We try to bring the best animals to bring the best athletes.” The event spans multiple days and includes everything from professional rodeo competitions to concerts and family-friendly activities. Dunbar emphasized that preparation is a year-round effort, with planning beginning shortly after each year's rodeo concludes. “It's a year-round process,” he said. “Come January, we're all in.” Beyond entertainment, the rodeo plays a major role in supporting the local economy and community. With an estimated $30 million economic impact, the event benefits local businesses, nonprofits, and tourism throughout the region. “We give back almost $4 million to the community,” Dunbar said. The conversation also highlighted the importance of maintaining traditions like rodeo while continuing to attract new audiences. From longtime attendees to first-time visitors, the goal is to create an engaging and memorable experience. “If you've never been… you'll come back again after you go,” Dunbar said. The episode also featured Megan Lausten, Assistant General Manager of the International Agri-Center, who discussed the success and future of World Ag Expo—one of the largest agricultural trade shows in the world. Lausten noted that the 2026 event brought together more than 1,200 exhibitors, nearly 100,000 attendees, and participants from over 80 countries, reflecting the global importance of agriculture and ag technology. “We have about 25 full-time staff that works on the show year-round,” Lausten said. Planning for the event is an extensive process, with large equipment and exhibits arriving weeks in advance. Lausten explained that preparation begins months ahead of the show to ensure a smooth and successful experience for both exhibitors and attendees. “We start seeing movement on our grounds a couple weeks prior to the show,” she said. In addition to World Ag Expo, the International Agri-Center hosts events year-round, including educational programs, equipment shows, and community activities designed to connect people with agriculture. Looking ahead, Lausten shared that 2027 will mark the 60th anniversary of World Ag Expo, with plans already underway to make the milestone event even more impactful. “We're looking forward to 2027… it's really something to celebrate,” she said. Together, both interviews highlighted the vital role events like the Clovis Rodeo and World Ag Expo play in strengthening agriculture's connection to communities while showcasing innovation and tradition side by side. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

Ross emphasized that agriculture in California is at a critical moment, balancing economic pressures, regulatory demands, and long-term sustainability goals. She noted that farming today requires navigating a complex landscape of competing interests across a state with more than 39 million residents. “Everything in farming is difficult right now,” Ross said. “The job of government is to balance… a little bit of this and a little bit of that.” One of the biggest issues discussed was water—an ongoing concern for growers across the state. Ross pointed to changing weather patterns, including reduced snowpack reliability, as a major factor impacting water availability. While some argue the issue is tied to infrastructure, she stressed that shifting hydrology must also be considered. “Our hydrology looks like it's changing,” she said. “We must do a better job with water storage. It's that simple.” Ross highlighted continued efforts to invest in water infrastructure, including regional storage, groundwater cleanup, and large-scale projects like Sites Reservoir. However, she acknowledged that funding and permitting remain significant hurdles. Beyond water, the conversation turned to regulation and the burden it places on farmers. Ross recognized that California's regulatory system has grown increasingly complex over time, often requiring farmers to submit similar information to multiple agencies. “We've seen continuous add-on,” she said. “People are asking for the same information… in slightly different forms.” Efforts are underway to streamline some of those requirements, including pilot programs aimed at aligning reporting across agencies. Ross indicated that improving efficiency without sacrificing standards is a key goal moving forward. She also discussed the importance of innovation in agriculture, including a newly released statewide roadmap focused on research, technology, and long-term resiliency. The plan aims to support growers over the next decade by improving productivity while addressing environmental and economic challenges. Ross stressed that resilience must include profitability, not just environmental goals. “You cannot have climate resiliency or environmental resiliency if you don't have economic resiliency,” she said. Looking ahead, Ross said the future of California agriculture will likely include more automation, improved technology, and a stronger focus on sustainability. However, she emphasized that maintaining family farms and supporting rural communities must remain a priority. “Over 93 percent of California farms are family farms,” she said. “They take a long-term view.” As she prepares to step down after 16 years as Secretary, Ross encouraged continued collaboration across the industry, government, and agricultural organizations to ensure a strong future for farming in the state. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The AgNet News Hour featured a conversation with Aqua4D manager Jeff Nunes, who explained how new water-treatment technology could help farmers improve irrigation efficiency, reduce line clogging, and better manage salinity and bicarbonate issues that continue to impact operations across California. Nunes said Aqua4D uses electromagnetic fields and frequencies to treat water without chemicals, helping address problems tied to poor water quality. The technology was first developed in Switzerland, where researchers were looking for ways to reduce scale buildup in pipes caused by highly alkaline water. What they discovered, Nunes explained, was that the treatment did more than just clean infrastructure. “They just started off trying to descale and de-lime,” Nunes said. “What happened was miraculous.” According to Nunes, one of the biggest challenges growers face is the buildup of biofilm and mineral deposits inside irrigation systems. Over time, those issues can clog emitters, reduce water uniformity, increase pump strain, and force farmers to spend more time and money maintaining lines. “We do have major biofilm and major calcification in irrigation systems,” he said. That kind of maintenance burden is especially frustrating for growers already dealing with difficult soil and water conditions. Nunes pointed to areas in the San Joaquin Valley, including parts of Madera, Chowchilla, Bakersfield, and beyond, where salinity and bicarbonate levels create ongoing obstacles for crop production. In some cases, he said, the soils are so saline they are considered nearly unproductive without intervention. Rather than relying on acids or other chemical treatments, Aqua4D aims to improve the way water moves through irrigation systems and interacts with soils. Nunes said the treatment can help release biofilm from pipes, improve emitter performance, and support better mineral distribution in the soil profile. “We're harnessing the hydrogen and oxygen in the water,” he said. “Now the water can carry those fertilizers that are highly important.” Nunes emphasized that the system is not a silver bullet, but part of a broader effort to improve farm efficiency and sustainability. He said growers still need good soil management, healthy inputs, and strong agronomic practices, but better water function can create a stronger starting point. The conversation also touched on the bigger pressures facing agriculture, including grower stress, rising costs, and the challenge of keeping family farms viable for the next generation. Nunes argued that technology should help make farming more efficient and less overwhelming. “We need to make farming fun again,” he said. As growers continue searching for ways to stretch resources and improve performance, tools that address water quality could become an increasingly important part of the conversation. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The April 8 episode of AgNet News Hour featured a conversation with longtime Tulare County Farm Bureau Executive Director Tricia Stever Blattler, highlighting her nearly two-decade career supporting agriculture and the critical role local farm bureaus play in advocating for farmers across California. Blattler, who has spent 19 years leading the Tulare County Farm Bureau, discussed the scope and importance of agriculture in one of the most productive regions in the country. With over one million acres of irrigated farmland and a dairy industry valued at more than $1 billion, Tulare County remains a cornerstone of California agriculture. “We are the largest dairy county in America,” she said. “We create a lot of milk and a lot of products for milk in this county.” Her role has placed her at the center of key agricultural conversations, from local issues like land use and water access to broader challenges tied to regulation and policy. She emphasized that farm bureaus serve as a vital bridge between farmers and decision-makers. “If you have a question about your land use or a water question… you can call your local Farm Bureau and get some form of assistance,” Blattler explained. Beyond advocacy, she highlighted the importance of community and education within agriculture. Programs like FFA and 4-H continue to shape future leaders, though she noted challenges in maintaining a strong pipeline of agricultural educators. “The number of ag teachers entering the pipeline is getting smaller and smaller,” she said, pointing to retention challenges within the profession. As California prepares for a new governor, Blattler stressed the importance of leadership that understands rural communities and agriculture's role in the state's economy. “Anytime rural communities… can have better representation in Sacramento, I think everyone in agriculture would see that as a win,” she said. Blattler also reflected on her personal journey, growing up in an agricultural family in Exeter and building a career rooted in service to the farming community. Her experience spans both state and county-level Farm Bureau work, giving her a deep understanding of the industry's evolving challenges. As she prepares to step down later this year, Blattler plans to stay connected to agriculture through consulting and strategic advisory work, particularly helping farm families navigate succession planning and long-term business decisions. “I've created a wonderful network of family farms and business owners,” she said. “I'm hoping to work with a small number of clients on strategic planning and leadership transition.” She also expressed interest in writing and raising awareness about mental health in agriculture, an issue she has become passionate about in recent years. Reflecting on her career, Blattler emphasized the sense of community that defines Farm Bureau work. “Farm Bureau is a family,” she said. “It's been a pleasure to serve and be a voice for this organization.”  

The AgNet News Hour continued its coverage of California's pivotal governor race, while also highlighting mounting cost pressures facing farmers—from fertilizer and fuel to packaging—at a critical time for the state's agricultural industry. With the June primary approaching, the conversation centered on how leadership decisions could shape the future of agriculture in California. Hosts emphasized that the stakes are high, with policy direction impacting everything from water access to input costs and overall farm viability. At the same time, growers are facing increasing financial strain. Rising fertilizer prices are a growing concern, driven in part by global supply disruptions and shipping challenges. “We're going to continue to see fertilizer prices rise… it's impacting pricing and our ag industry for sure,” Josh McGill explained. Fuel prices remain another major pressure point. California continues to see significantly higher diesel and gasoline costs compared to other states, adding to production and transportation expenses for farmers. “We've had the same problem for 10 to 15 years… we're always about $2 a gallon higher than anyone else,” Nick Papagni said, pointing to regulatory and tax structures as key drivers. In addition, the cost of plastic packaging—used widely across produce sectors—is climbing. Materials like clamshell containers for fruits are becoming more expensive, further squeezing margins for growers already dealing with tight returns. “It could get a lot worse before it gets better,” McGill said, noting the connection between global oil markets and plastic production. Beyond input costs, the discussion also touched on broader concerns about government spending and regulatory complexity in California. Both hosts pointed to large-scale projects and programs that have faced delays or cost overruns, raising questions about efficiency and accountability. “It ends up taking so long… the money gets eaten up in approval processes and never makes construction,” McGill said. The episode also featured interviews with gubernatorial candidates Chad Bianco and Steve Hilton, both of whom emphasized reducing regulations and increasing support for agriculture. “We know how it can be done… it's not rocket science,” Bianco said. “You identify what's broken and you fix it.” Hilton echoed that sentiment, calling for a major shift in direction. “We need a complete change… they've made it impossible to run your business,” he said, referencing regulations, energy costs, and water challenges. Both candidates stressed the importance of involving farmers directly in decision-making and improving coordination between state and federal leadership. As the race continues, the conversation made clear that California agriculture sits at a crossroads, balancing rising costs, regulatory pressures, and the need for leadership that understands the realities of farming. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The AgNet News Hour continued its coverage of the California governor's race, breaking down key moments from last week's Fresno State debate where candidates laid out sharply different visions for the future of agriculture, energy, and water policy. With farmers and ag leaders in attendance, the debate made one thing clear, there is little agreement on how to fix rising costs and ongoing challenges facing California agriculture. Energy costs emerged as a major concern, with candidates offering competing solutions. Some pushed for expanded domestic oil and gas production and reducing regulations, while others emphasized continued investment in renewable energy and infrastructure. “We will use California natural gas to generate electricity… to cut your electric bills in half,” Steve Hilton said, pointing to underutilized energy capacity in the state. Others argued for a longer-term transition toward renewable energy, focusing on expanding solar, battery storage, and grid infrastructure. However, the divide highlighted a broader debate over affordability versus long-term sustainability. Food prices were another major topic, with candidates acknowledging that rising input costs, especially energy and regulation, are driving higher grocery bills for consumers. “The regulatory environment in California is choking off our agricultural community,” one candidate said. “It's not one regulation, it's layer after layer.” Several candidates pointed to the increasing cost of compliance, with estimates showing regulatory costs for farms rising dramatically over the past two decades. Others emphasized the need to balance regulation with worker safety and environmental protections, while still allowing farms to remain profitable. Water policy also took center stage, with nearly all candidates agreeing that California must improve storage, delivery, and long-term planning. However, how to achieve that goal remains a point of contention. “We have enough water in California—it's making the best use of it,” one candidate said, emphasizing the need for better infrastructure and management. Others called for more aggressive action, including building new reservoirs, increasing water deliveries, and cutting regulatory barriers that limit water access for agriculture. “We need to give you 100 percent of the water to operate your farms,” another candidate said, stressing the urgency of addressing supply shortages. Beyond policy specifics, the debate underscored a broader frustration within the agricultural community. Many candidates acknowledged that farmers are already innovating and adapting, but continue to face mounting pressure from costs, regulations, and uncertainty. Ultimately, the discussion reflected a pivotal moment for California agriculture as voters prepare to choose leadership that will shape the future of farming, water, and food production in the state.

Today's AgNet News Hour spotlighted a major moment for California agriculture as industry leaders and political candidates gathered at Fresno State for a gubernatorial debate focused heavily on farming, water, and regulatory challenges facing the state. Fresno County Farm Bureau CEO Ryan Jacobson and California Farm Bureau President Shannon Douglass both emphasized the importance of agriculture being front and center in the conversation as California heads toward a critical election year. Jacobson noted that while candidates came prepared with more detailed responses than expected, the state's agricultural challenges remain urgent. “I think most of us could probably agree that we've been in crisis mode now for potentially a decade or two,” he said. A key theme throughout the discussion was regulation. While acknowledging that some level of oversight is necessary to maintain food safety, Jacobson warned that excessive regulation continues to burden farmers and rural communities. “Regulation makes our food some of the safest in the world,” he said. “But overregulation… has turned into a hodgepodge of a mess that hurts our farmers and communities.” Candidates also addressed water availability, one of the most pressing issues in the Central Valley. Despite some increases in allocation, Jacobson described current levels as insufficient for long-term stability. “Water allocations at 20 percent… are pretty dismal,” he said. “We were hoping for much higher in a year like this.” Douglass echoed those concerns, describing the current environment as one of significant strain for producers across the state. “We're at a very scary time in California farming,” she said. “Our members are facing tremendous frustration and challenges.” Both leaders stressed that the next governor will play a critical role in shaping the future of agriculture—not only through policy decisions, but through key appointments and leadership direction. “Those appointments have a lot of direction to where the state's headed,” Jacobson explained. “It doesn't boil down to one person—it's the team behind them.” Douglass added that a governor willing to take a closer look at legislation and push back when necessary could make a meaningful difference. “We don't necessarily need more bills,” she said. “For our industry, most of those bills are typically an attack.” Another major takeaway from the event was the growing recognition among candidates of agriculture's importance to California's economy. Douglass noted that it was encouraging to see candidates more informed on key issues like the Delta and regulatory burdens than in past election cycles. “I was really pleased to see more candidates digging into these ag issues,” she said. Looking ahead, both leaders encouraged farmers and industry members to stay engaged and involved, particularly as policy decisions continue to impact day-to-day operations. “This is a changing, dynamic situation,” Jacobson said. “Get involved… because who gets in office makes a big difference.” Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

Today's AgNet News Hour featured an in-depth conversation with pistachio grower and crop advisor Rich Kreps, highlighting how global events, domestic policy, and on-the-ground growing conditions are shaping the outlook for California's pistachio industry. Kreps, widely known in the industry as “Mr. Pistachio,” pointed to geopolitical tensions in the Middle East as a key factor influencing the market. With Iran ranking as the world's second-largest pistachio producer, any disruption in that region could significantly benefit California growers. “Iran is the second-largest producer of pistachios, so it will help the American market—especially California,” Kreps said. “That's just the reality of global supply.” While last year delivered a record-breaking crop in both volume and quality, early signs suggest another strong year could be ahead. Kreps noted that newer pistachio varieties like Golden Hills are helping stabilize production by reducing the dramatic swings of alternate bearing. “They don't show as big of an alternate bearing issue,” he explained. “So you can budget better and see more consistent yields year to year.” Still, weather remains the biggest wildcard. Kreps warned that early season conditions could point to an extremely hot summer, which would put additional stress on orchards during critical development periods. “If March is any indication, this could be one of the worst heat years we've had,” he said. To combat heat stress, growers are increasingly turning to advanced crop protection tools and nutritional programs designed to help plants regulate stress and maintain productivity. These innovations, combined with strong management practices, could help sustain another solid crop despite challenging conditions. Beyond production, the conversation also turned to ongoing challenges facing California agriculture—particularly water availability. Despite recent increases, allocations remain far below what growers have historically paid for and relied upon. “We're still getting about 80 percent less water than what we've paid for,” Kreps said. “That's the reality.” He emphasized that improving water storage and delivery systems would have far-reaching benefits—not just for agriculture, but for environmental management, energy production, and long-term sustainability. On the policy front, Kreps stressed the importance of engagement between farmers and policymakers. He recently participated in discussions with state leaders to help bridge the gap between legislative decisions and real-world farming conditions. “We've got to sit down and have those conversations,” he said. “Even if we don't agree, we need common-sense solutions.” Despite ongoing uncertainty, Kreps remains optimistic about both the pistachio crop and the resilience of California agriculture. “Be prepared—it's going to take a lot of effort to get that food to your table,” he said. “But farmers will get it done.” Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

Today's AgNet News Hour featured a forward-looking conversation with fifth-generation farmer Jenny Lester Moffitt, now serving as Vice President of Farmland Protection and Strategic Priorities at American Farmland Trust, highlighting the critical need to keep farmers on the land and ensure the future of agriculture. Moffitt, who grew up farming organic walnuts in Northern California, brings both policy and real-world farming experience to her role. Her work now centers on supporting farmers through some of the biggest challenges facing agriculture today, ranging from land access and succession planning to long-term farm viability. “We want to make sure that anyone who is looking to get into farming has the ability to do so,” Moffitt said. “A big part of that is keeping farmers on the land and looking at what that next generation transition looks like.” A major focus of her work is helping farm families navigate the often-complex process of transitioning operations to the next generation. This includes everything from estate planning to business strategy, ensuring farms can remain productive and profitable for decades to come. “We sit down at the kitchen table with farmers and look at the whole system of their operation,” she explained. “Farming is absolutely not in silos.” Moffitt emphasized that agriculture must be viewed as a complete system, where water, labor, markets, land use, and environmental stewardship all play interconnected roles. That holistic approach is key to maintaining both productivity and sustainability. The conversation also highlighted the increasing pressure farmers face in California, including regulatory challenges, rising costs, and competition from lower-cost imports. Moffitt acknowledged the need to better recognize and compensate farmers for the broader value they provide beyond just food production. “How do we bring new revenue streams for farmers so they are compensated for all the benefits they provide?” she said, pointing to areas like soil health, water quality, and environmental stewardship. Another key theme was the importance of education and leadership development in agriculture. Moffitt credited programs like FFA and 4-H with shaping future leaders in the industry, emphasizing their role in building communication skills, responsibility, and real-world experience. “Leadership values, public speaking, and understanding how to navigate different situations—those are all taught through these programs,” she said. Moffitt also stressed the importance of connecting policymakers with agriculture by bringing them directly onto farms. “There is incredible value in walking the field and having those conversations,” she noted. Despite ongoing challenges, Moffitt remains optimistic about the future of agriculture, particularly if farmers, communities, and policymakers work together to strengthen the industry. “Thank you to everyone out there doing the work,” she said. “What you do is so important to all of us.” Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The AgNet News Hour highlighted growing concerns over California's ongoing water challenges, as water management expert Lindsay Cederquist outlined the real-world impact of limited allocations, regulatory pressure, and the need for immediate policy changes. Cederquist, Director of Water Resources at Diversified Land Management, works directly with growers across the Central Valley to help them navigate increasingly complex water conditions. Her day-to-day role focuses on evaluating farm water portfolios and developing strategies to help operations survive fluctuating water availability. “We sit down and look at the client's portfolio and see what we can do to help them in each year,” Cederquist explained. “Each water year is different… and they all have their unique challenges.” Despite recent increases, allocations on the west side remain critically low. While growers recently saw a bump to 20 percent, Cederquist emphasized that it still falls far short of what's needed to sustain production. “It's sad that there's not enough,” she said. “The challenge is real, and the cost of water is real, and this is what farmers are facing every day.” One of the most pressing concerns raised during the interview is the disconnect between water availability and water management decisions. Even in years with strong reservoir levels, growers are still facing restrictions while water is being released. “When you have full reservoirs… and a 20 percent allocation, and they're talking about doing flood releases, that is an eye opener,” Cederquist said. “There's a lack of storage in California, and that needs to be fixed.” Cederquist also pointed to the implementation of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) as a major factor shaping the future of farming in California. While groundwater restrictions are intended to create long-term sustainability, they become significantly more difficult to manage when surface water supplies are limited. “It's when you don't have the water reliability and then they take away your groundwater—that's when you're stuck,” she explained. Beyond policy, Cederquist stressed the resilience and adaptability of farmers, noting that many operations are already implementing innovative solutions like water recharge, deficit irrigation, and improved efficiency practices to stretch limited supplies. “The farmers… are the ones that are quickly adapting,” she said. “They're making things happen on the ground every day.” Still, she made it clear that growers cannot solve the problem alone. Increased water storage, updated regulations, and better coordination between state and federal leadership will be essential moving forward. Looking ahead, Cederquist emphasized the importance of leadership in shaping California's water future, especially with a new gubernatorial election on the horizon. “Having a governor that's pro-ag… is crucial,” she said. “We need representation.” Despite the challenges, Cederquist remains optimistic that progress is possible. “I truly do have hope that we can… get it back on track,” she said. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The AgNet News Hour continued its in-depth conversation with Nisei Farmers League President Manuel Cunha, focusing on one of agriculture's most pressing issues: labor, immigration, and the future of the workforce heading into the 2026 growing season. Cunha highlighted the proposed Dignity Act as a major step toward addressing long-standing labor challenges across agriculture and other industries. The legislation aims to provide legal work authorization for millions of undocumented workers who have been in the U.S. for years, many of whom are already deeply embedded in agricultural operations. “This bill would take care of around 8.7 to 10 million immigrants… hardworking people that have been here 20 to 30 years,” Cunha said. “It's time to give them the dignity they deserve.” Under the proposal, qualifying workers would receive renewable work authorization, allowing them to continue contributing without fear of deportation. Cunha emphasized that many of these individuals played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic, helping maintain the nation's food supply during uncertain times. The discussion also addressed the broader structure of immigration reform. Cunha outlined what he sees as a three-part approach: removing criminal offenders, providing stability for long-term workers, and developing functional guest worker programs tailored to industry needs. “Any criminal… they need to be gone,” Cunha said. “But the person that is here working, paying taxes, part of the community—those are the ones that deserve work authorization.” He also stressed the importance of modernizing visa programs, noting that current systems like H-2A and H-2B are not sufficient to meet the demands of agriculture and other labor-intensive industries. “We need five or six different visa programs that fit industries,” he explained. Despite ongoing debate, Cunha pointed out that labor conditions in agriculture have improved significantly over the decades. At the same time, growers continue to face mounting challenges, including regulatory pressure, high costs, and water limitations—particularly in California, where reduced water allocations have impacted production and workforce dynamics. Interestingly, Cunha noted that current labor availability appears relatively stable heading into the season, partly due to reduced acreage on the West Side from water restrictions. “Right now, the labor market looks good,” he said, adding that workforce numbers have slightly increased in some areas. Beyond federal policy, Cunha also underscored the importance of state leadership. With California's upcoming gubernatorial election, he called the moment “extremely important” for agriculture and rural communities, citing concerns over regulatory overreach and rising costs. Ultimately, Cunha urged unity across agriculture, encouraging farmers, communities, and policymakers to work together toward practical solutions. “We all need to work together and protect each other,” he said.

The March 27 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a powerful and controversial conversation with Manuel Cunha, President of the Nisei Farmers League, addressing recent allegations surrounding Cesar Chavez and the broader implications for labor, agriculture, and policy in California. Cunha shared strong reactions to reports detailing misconduct tied to Chavez, calling the situation deeply disappointing and emphasizing that more of the story still needs to be told. Drawing from decades of experience in agriculture, Cunha described what he believes was a long-standing imbalance in how farm labor history has been portrayed, often overlooking the challenges faced by growers while elevating union leadership without full scrutiny. The conversation also explored the rapid fallout from the allegations, including the removal of statues, reconsideration of school names, and shifting public perception. Cunha noted how quickly public opinion changed following the report, raising questions about how historical figures are evaluated and remembered. Beyond the controversy, the discussion turned to the ongoing issue of labor in California agriculture. Cunha highlighted how working conditions for farm employees have significantly improved over the decades, including better wages, safety standards, and regulations. However, he stressed that major challenges remain, particularly around labor availability, immigration policy, and the need for practical solutions that support both workers and growers. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill also discussed the broader policy landscape, including the need for balanced immigration reform. The conversation touched on potential pathways for long-term workers, legal frameworks for future labor, and the importance of removing criminal elements from the system while supporting those contributing to agriculture. Another key takeaway from the episode was the importance of agriculture being treated as a priority issue rather than a political one. As discussed on the show, food production impacts every American, and policies affecting farmers and ranchers have far-reaching consequences across the economy. The episode also previewed continued discussions on labor and immigration, with more insights expected in upcoming segments as the industry prepares for the peak growing season. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The March 26 edition of the AgNet News Hour continued an in-depth conversation with Katie Roberti, Director of Communications for the California Cattlemen's Association, diving deeper into the growing challenges facing ranchers across the state. Building on the previous episode, Roberti expanded on the ongoing impact of wolf predation in Northern California, where ranchers are dealing with increasing livestock losses and limited options for protection. In some cases, attacks have occurred just miles from communities and schools, raising concerns not only for agriculture but also for public safety. One of the key frustrations highlighted in the discussion is the lack of practical solutions available to California ranchers. Unlike other states where producers have tools such as hazing or controlled removal permits, California cattle producers face strict regulations that limit their ability to protect livestock. As Roberti explained, many of the proposed solutions—like fencing vast grazing lands—are simply unrealistic given the terrain and scale of operations. Despite these challenges, Roberti noted that awareness is growing. Increased media coverage and public discussion are helping more Californians understand the realities of ranching and the importance of agriculture in managing land, reducing wildfire risk, and supporting rural communities. Grazing, once criticized, is now being recognized as a valuable tool for maintaining healthy landscapes. The conversation also touched on broader industry conditions. While cattle prices remain strong, providing some optimism for producers, input costs and ongoing environmental challenges continue to create uncertainty. At the same time, issues like invasive pests, border closures affecting cattle movement, and global market pressures are adding complexity to an already demanding business. Roberti emphasized the importance of education and outreach moving forward. With many Californians disconnected from agriculture, efforts to share rancher stories and explain how food is produced will be critical in shaping future policy decisions and public perception. The episode also highlighted something often overlooked—California's role as a major beef producer. While states like Texas and Nebraska are widely known for cattle, California remains a significant contributor, producing high-quality beef and supporting a large network of ranchers, feeders, and processors. As the industry looks ahead, the message remains consistent: resilience is strong, but long-term success will depend on common-sense policies, better tools for managing predators, and continued support from consumers. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The March 25 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a wide-ranging and insightful conversation with Katie Roberti, Director of Communications for the California Cattlemen's Association, highlighting the growing challenges facing ranchers across the state. From increasing predator pressure to ongoing water concerns and major policy decisions, Roberti made it clear that California's cattle industry is navigating a complex and evolving landscape. One of the most pressing issues discussed was the rapid expansion of wolf populations in Northern California. While wolves have been present for over a decade, recent activity has intensified, creating serious concerns for ranchers dealing with livestock losses and safety risks. Roberti explained that predators, including wolves and mountain lions, are no longer isolated to remote areas. In some regions, wildlife is moving closer to communities, increasing tensions between conservation efforts and agricultural sustainability. Ranchers are now being forced to adapt quickly while also working with state and federal agencies to find workable solutions. Water availability is another major concern. With dry conditions and inconsistent weather patterns, ranchers are closely watching rainfall and forage conditions as they prepare for the months ahead. Roberti noted that spring weather will play a critical role in determining how the season unfolds, especially as producers rely on natural grass growth to support their herds. Beyond environmental challenges, the conversation also turned to policy and leadership. With a new governor set to take office in the coming years, Roberti emphasized the importance of having leadership that understands agriculture's role in California's economy. The cattle industry alone plays a significant part in managing millions of acres of land, contributing not only to food production but also to wildfire prevention and environmental stewardship. Despite the challenges, Roberti highlighted the resilience of ranchers and the importance of staying engaged in policy discussions. Whether it's advocating for better predator management, improved water infrastructure, or stronger representation in Sacramento, she stressed that collaboration and communication will be key moving forward. The episode offered a clear look at the realities facing California cattle producers today, and the work being done to ensure the industry remains viable for future generations. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

  The March 24 edition of the AgNet News Hour took a deep dive into the current state of the wine industry, as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill sat down with veteran winemaker and consultant Nicholas Karavidas to discuss one of the most disruptive periods the industry has ever faced. Karavidas, who has more than four decades of experience in wine production and consulting, described the current situation as a “perfect storm” driven by multiple factors converging at once. Declining consumption, shifting health trends, global oversupply, and increased competition from alternative beverages have all contributed to a challenging environment for growers and wineries. One of the biggest shifts has been changing consumer behavior, particularly among younger generations. Health-conscious trends, including reduced alcohol consumption and the rise of weight-loss medications, have played a role in declining demand. At the same time, the growth of non-alcoholic and low-alcohol beverages is reshaping the marketplace, forcing the wine industry to rethink how it connects with consumers. Global competition is another major pressure point. Karavidas explained that while California once maintained a balanced supply and demand, the U.S. market is now flooded with imported wine—making up more than 40 percent of retail shelf space. European subsidies and trade imbalances have made it difficult for domestic producers to compete on price, adding further strain to California growers. The impact on the ground has been significant. In just the past few years, California has seen between 100,000 and 150,000 acres of vineyards removed, a level of contraction not seen in decades. While painful in the short term, Karavidas warned that this could lead to a future supply shortage if demand stabilizes or rebounds. Despite these challenges, there are signs of opportunity. Karavidas pointed to innovation as a key path forward, including single-serve packaging, ready-to-drink wine products, and new marketing strategies aimed at younger consumers. He emphasized that the industry must adapt to a rapidly changing landscape shaped by social media, evolving preferences, and increased competition from other products like beer, spirits, and cannabis. Looking ahead, Karavidas believes the industry could experience a “whiplash effect” within the next two years. With reduced production and vineyard removals, supply may tighten significantly, potentially improving pricing for growers who are able to weather the current downturn. His advice to farmers was straightforward: if possible, keep vineyards in the ground and focus on long-term resilience. As market conditions shift, those who remain positioned in the industry may benefit from a future rebound. For California agriculture, the conversation highlights a broader reality—industries must evolve alongside consumers. The wine sector's ability to innovate, market effectively, and adapt to new trends will determine its success in the years ahead.

The March 23 edition of the AgNet News Hour spotlighted the future of California agriculture, with a strong focus on innovation, workforce development, and the evolving role of technology in farming. A key highlight of the episode was an in-depth conversation with Priscilla Koepke, CEO of F3 Innovate, who is helping lead efforts to transform the Central Valley into a hub for agricultural technology and innovation. Through partnerships with universities, startups, and growers, F3 Innovate is working to bridge the gap between cutting-edge research and real-world farming applications. Koepke emphasized that the future of agriculture is increasingly tied to technology, describing farms as becoming more like tech-driven operations. From automation and robotics to artificial intelligence and data-driven decision-making, new tools are rapidly reshaping how food is produced. But she made it clear that innovation isn't about replacing workers—it's about creating better, safer, and more efficient jobs in agriculture. One of the most exciting developments discussed was the launch of an AI Supercomputing Center in Fresno, designed to bring advanced computing power directly into the heart of California agriculture. This initiative aims to help researchers, students, and ag companies develop solutions to real challenges growers face, accelerating the pace of innovation across the industry. Education and workforce development were also central themes. F3 Innovate is working closely with institutions like UC Merced, Fresno State, and local colleges to prepare the next generation for careers in agriculture. Programs are designed to expose students to both traditional farming and emerging technologies, ensuring they understand not only where food comes from, but also how innovation is shaping the industry's future. Koepke stressed that agriculture offers opportunities for students across a wide range of disciplines—from engineering and computer science to marketing and business. As farms become more technologically advanced, the demand for skilled workers in these areas continues to grow. Importantly, the conversation also highlighted the need to support small and mid-sized farmers, ensuring that new technologies are accessible and practical for operations of all sizes. Innovation must work not just for large-scale producers, but for the entire agricultural ecosystem. For California agriculture, the message is clear: the future depends on embracing innovation, investing in education, and building strong connections between growers, researchers, and technology leaders. As the industry evolves, those who adapt will be best positioned to thrive in an increasingly complex and competitive landscape.

The March 20 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered a mix of practical field insights and high-level agricultural policy discussion, giving California farmers both immediate takeaways and long-term perspective. The show opened with a timely conversation on fire ant management in almond orchards, a growing concern for producers across the state. John Mays of Central Life Sciences explained that while many growers rely on spot treatments, the most effective control comes from broadcast applications that cover entire orchard floors. This method helps eliminate colonies more thoroughly, protecting both yields and workers from the aggressive pests. Fire ants don't just damage almonds—they pose serious risks to equipment and field crews. Their ability to nest in machinery and aggressively attack workers makes them a unique challenge compared to other orchard pests. With pressure increasing in many regions, having a proactive management strategy is becoming essential for maintaining productivity and safety. The program also featured a continued in-depth interview with former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Mike Johanns, who provided insight into the broader forces shaping agriculture today. Johanns emphasized the importance of profitability, innovation, and strong policy support in ensuring the future of farming, particularly in highly regulated states like California. One key topic was the role of research and development tax credits, which Johanns says can provide meaningful financial relief for growers. Farmers may be able to amend prior tax returns to claim credits, potentially bringing much-needed capital back into their operations. These incentives are designed to reward innovation already happening on farms—from equipment upgrades to improved production practices. Johanns also touched on the importance of technology adoption, including automation and precision agriculture tools that are helping farmers operate more efficiently. As labor costs rise and regulatory pressures increase, these technologies are becoming critical to staying competitive. Trade and market access were another major focus. Johanns noted that expanding export opportunities and maintaining strong trade relationships will be essential for U.S. agriculture to remain competitive globally. Without access to international markets, American farmers risk losing ground to countries that are rapidly increasing production and investment. For California growers, the episode highlighted a clear theme: success in today's environment requires both strong on-farm management and engagement with the policies shaping agriculture's future. From controlling pests in the orchard to navigating tax policy and global trade, farmers are balancing more variables than ever before.

The March 19 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a compelling and wide-ranging interview with former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Mike Johanns, who offered insight into the economic challenges facing farmers and what it will take to sustain agriculture for the next generation. Speaking with hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill, Johanns drew on decades of experience as a governor, senator, and ag leader to address issues impacting producers across California and the nation. Johanns made it clear that while some sectors of agriculture are performing well, many farmers are navigating a difficult economic environment. High input costs, uncertain markets, and shifting demand, especially in industries like wine grapes, are putting pressure on producers. In California, growers are facing particularly tough conditions, with some vineyards being removed or left unharvested due to declining demand. A key theme throughout the discussion was profitability. Johanns emphasized that keeping farmers on the land ultimately comes down to whether operations can remain financially viable. Without profitability, he noted, it becomes increasingly difficult for the next generation to continue farming, even for those who are deeply passionate about agriculture. The conversation also explored the role of policy and marketing in supporting struggling sectors. Johanns pointed to opportunities for legislative improvements that could help level the playing field for U.S. producers, particularly when competing with imported products. At the same time, he stressed the importance of better connecting with younger consumers, especially in industries like wine, where demand has shifted in recent years. Beyond market challenges, Johanns highlighted the importance of recognizing the work farmers are already doing to innovate. From improving crop practices to advancing livestock genetics, many of the day-to-day decisions made on farms qualify as research and development. He discussed efforts to help farmers access R&D tax credits, which can provide much-needed financial relief by returning dollars back into farming operations. Johanns also spoke highly of farmers themselves, pushing back against misconceptions about agriculture. He emphasized that producers are committed to conservation, stewardship, and continuous improvement. Across the country—and especially in California—farmers are adapting to new technologies, environmental challenges, and regulatory pressures while continuing to feed a growing population. Looking ahead, Johanns underscored the importance of engaging the next generation through programs like FFA and 4-H, which continue to play a critical role in developing future agricultural leaders. His message was clear: if agriculture is going to thrive, it must remain profitable, innovative, and supported by policies that recognize its value. For California farmers, the interview served as both a reality check and a roadmap—highlighting the challenges ahead while reinforcing the importance of strong leadership, smart policy, and continued innovation in agriculture.

The March 18 edition of the AgNet News Hour continued an in-depth conversation with Stuart Wolf and the Wolf family of Wolf Farming and Processing, highlighting how innovation is helping California growers adapt to ongoing water shortages and shifting agricultural realities. Farming on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley has become increasingly difficult, with growers once again facing limited water allocations—currently around 15 percent. That uncertainty is forcing farmers to rethink how they use their land and what crops can realistically be sustained in the future. For Stuart Wolf, the answer lies in diversification and forward-thinking strategies. One of the most promising developments discussed is the expansion of agave farming in California. The Wolf family has already planted approximately 550 acres, with long-term ambitions that could reach thousands of acres if market demand continues to grow. Unlike traditional row crops, agave requires minimal water, making it an attractive option for regions facing long-term water constraints. The opportunity extends beyond farming. The goal is to build a California-based agave industry, supplying craft distillers and potentially creating a new domestic spirits market similar to tequila or mezcal. However, the industry is still in its early stages. Growers need contracts and demand before expanding acreage, while distillers want a reliable supply before investing in production capacity—creating a classic “chicken-and-egg” scenario. Despite that challenge, interest is growing quickly. The upcoming California Agave Symposium in Santa Barbara on March 23 is expected to bring together growers, distillers, and industry leaders to explore how the crop can scale across the state. The Wolf family is already fielding inquiries from growers and partners looking to get involved. Beyond agave, the conversation also touched on broader industry concerns. Wolf noted that California farmers continue to face pressure from regulations, labor costs, and global competition, particularly from imports produced under less restrictive conditions. While international trade provides year-round availability for consumers, many growers are still seeking a more level playing field. At the same time, technology is becoming a bigger part of agriculture's future. From automation to artificial intelligence, the next generation of farmers—including Haley and Wiley Wolf—is exploring how data and innovation can improve efficiency, sustainability, and decision-making on the farm. Even with ongoing challenges, the Wolf family remains optimistic. Their approach reflects a broader trend across California agriculture: when faced with limited resources, growers continue to adapt, innovate, and search for new opportunities to keep farming viable for the next generation.

The March 17 edition of the AgNet News Hour highlighted the innovative work happening on California's west side as Stuart Wolf of Wolf Farming and Processing joined the program alongside his children Haley Wolf and Wiley Wolf to discuss new crop opportunities, water challenges, and the future of farming in the Central Valley. Wolf Farming and Processing traces its roots back to 1974, when Stuart Wolf's father first started the operation. Today, the company farms a wide range of crops including almonds, pistachios, tomatoes, grains, basil, garlic, onions, cotton, and more. As a second-generation grower now working with the third generation, Wolf says innovation has always been key to surviving the challenges of west side farming. Water availability remains the biggest issue. With federal water allocations recently announced at 15 percent, growers across the region are once again facing uncertainty about how much land they can farm this season. Wolf explained that early allocation decisions are critical because farmers must plan crops, financing, and planting schedules months in advance. One potential solution gaining attention is agave, a desert crop traditionally grown in Mexico that requires very little water. Wolf Farming has been experimenting with agave production in California, planting different varieties and researching how the crop performs under Central Valley conditions. According to the Wolf family, the plant requires only a small amount of water, sometimes just a few inches throughout the growing season, making it a promising option for water-limited areas. Haley Wolf is helping lead the communication and outreach efforts for the project, working with growers, distillers, and industry partners interested in the crop. Interest in California-grown agave is growing quickly, and the upcoming California Agave Council symposium in Santa Barbara will bring together growers and distillers to explore the industry's potential. The crop could eventually support a new California spirits industry similar to tequila or mezcal production in Mexico. However, the industry is still in its early stages. Growers want distilling capacity before planting large acreages, while distillers want to see enough crop volume before investing in facilities. For now, the Wolf family is working to bridge that gap by building nursery stock and expanding plantings. Meanwhile, Wiley Wolf focuses on sustainability projects across the operation, including water management, soil health, solar development, and pollinator habitats. The next generation of the family says modern farming requires constant adaptation as growers balance environmental regulations, labor challenges, and evolving markets. Despite the challenges, Stuart Wolf remains optimistic about the future. For west side growers facing limited water supplies, innovation and diversification could help keep farmland productive for generations to come.

California agriculture sits at the center of an ongoing debate over water policy, infrastructure, and the future of farming in the state. In a recent episode of the AgNet News Hour, host Nick “The Ag Meter” Papagni welcomed Geoffrey Vanden Heuvel of the Milk Producers Council for a passionate and insightful conversation about California's water challenges and what must change moving forward. The interview, part two of a continuing water series, explored the growing concerns among farmers about water allocations, environmental regulations, and the long-term sustainability of agriculture in the Golden State. Papagni opened the discussion by pointing to what many growers see as a major disconnect between California's growing population and its water policies. With nearly 40 million residents, the state is far larger than when much of its water infrastructure and policy framework was developed. Yet many farmers say water management has not evolved to meet those increasing demands. Vanden Heuvel brought decades of firsthand experience to the conversation. A former Southern California dairy producer who spent nearly 40 years in the dairy industry, he has also been deeply involved in water policy at the local and statewide level. After selling his dairy in 2018, he relocated to Tulare and now works with the Milk Producers Council focusing on water supply issues and the impacts of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). During the interview, Vanden Heuvel explained how SGMA and groundwater sustainability plans are reshaping agriculture across the San Joaquin Valley. Dairy operations and farms from Bakersfield to Stockton now face new groundwater regulations designed to prevent long-term overdraft. While the law aims to stabilize water supplies, it also presents major challenges for farming communities. One of the most alarming findings discussed in the podcast comes from an economic impact study tied to the San Joaquin Valley Water Blueprint, a coalition of agricultural stakeholders working to develop long-term water solutions. The research suggests that if groundwater restrictions force widespread land fallowing, the region could see $7–8 billion in lost economic activity and tens of thousands of lost jobs. Despite those challenges, Vanden Heuvel believes progress is possible. Efforts are underway to develop a Unified Valley Water Plan, designed to coordinate dozens of water supply and infrastructure projects across the region. At the same time, California lawmakers recently directed the Department of Water Resources to develop nine million acre-feet of additional water supply, a move that could help address future shortages. The discussion also tackled misconceptions about agriculture, including the common “big ag” narrative often used in mainstream media coverage. According to Vanden Heuvel, California farming is still overwhelmingly made up of family operations, many of which are deeply committed to environmental stewardship and sustainable land management. Both Papagni and Vanden Heuvel emphasized that education will play a major role in shaping agriculture's future. Many urban residents, they say, simply lack exposure to farming and do not fully understand how water policy affects food production. Their message to farmers and agricultural supporters: tell the story of agriculture, engage with communities, and stay involved in the policy conversations shaping California's future. The conversation also highlighted how upcoming political decisions—including California's next gubernatorial leadership—could play a major role in determining how the state addresses its water challenges. This wide-ranging discussion offers valuable insight into one of the most important issues facing California agriculture today.

California agriculture sits at the center of some of the state's most important policy debates—water supply, infrastructure, energy, and the future of farming. Those issues took center stage on the latest AgNet News Hour, where host Nick “The AgMeter” Papagni spoke with several key voices shaping the conversation. From a potential shake-up in California's natural resources leadership to a deep dive into the history of the state's water system, the program explored both the challenges and potential solutions facing farmers today. Steve Hilton Names John Duarte for Natural Resources Role One of the biggest stories discussed during the show was a press conference announcing that gubernatorial candidate Steve Hilton plans to appoint John Duarte of Duarte Nursery as California's Secretary of Natural Resources if elected. Papagni attended the announcement near Millerton Lake and asked Hilton about the state's energy challenges, particularly the impact of regulations on California's oil and gas industry. Hilton argued that current policies have forced the state to import a large percentage of its oil and natural gas and said leadership changes could help restore domestic energy production. Following the announcement, Papagni spoke with Duarte about his vision for California's water future. Duarte emphasized what he calls a return to “water abundance”—ensuring that farms, cities, and households all have reliable water supplies. His approach includes better reservoir management, expanded infrastructure, and the use of long-range weather forecasting tools that could allow water managers to predict rainfall totals months earlier. He also highlighted ideas such as dredging the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta to improve water flow, strengthen levees, and help maintain colder water for fish while still improving water delivery reliability. According to Duarte, improving water infrastructure and planning could allow California to support both environmental needs and agricultural production. Fire Ant Control for Orchard Growers The episode also included a CLS Fire Ant Friday segment with Josh McGill speaking to John Mays of Central Life Sciences. They discussed Extinguish® Professional Fire Ant Bait, a product that uses an insect growth regulator to disrupt the fire ant colony by targeting the queen's ability to reproduce. Mays explained that ants carry the bait back to the colony, where it gradually collapses the population. For almond growers, the optimal application window typically falls between May and July when ants are actively foraging. Understanding the History of California Water The second half of the show featured a detailed conversation with Jeffrey Vanden Heuvel of the Milk Producers Council, who walked listeners through the history of California's water system. Vanden Heuvel explained how early agricultural development in the 1800s eventually led to massive infrastructure projects like the Central Valley Project and State Water Project, which created reservoirs, canals, and pumping systems that allowed agriculture to flourish across the Central Valley. These projects helped create more than seven million acres of irrigated farmland producing hundreds of different crops. However, environmental regulations beginning in the 1970s and increased reliance on groundwater have significantly reshaped the state's water system. Vanden Heuvel also discussed the impact of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) and how groundwater regulation could change farming across the San Joaquin Valley. More to Come in Part Two Papagni noted that the discussion with Vanden Heuvel is only the beginning. A second installment of the interview will explore potential solutions for California's water challenges and what they could mean for the future of agriculture. To hear the full interviews, deeper analysis, and the complete discussion, listen to the entire episode of the AgNet News Hour.

The latest AgNet News Hour Podcast delivers another packed episode with Nick “The Ag Meter” Papagni and “Sir” Josh McGill, bringing listeners a wide-ranging discussion on agriculture, business, education, water policy, and crop protection. From inspiring entrepreneurship stories to the future of ag education and emerging orchard threats, this episode highlights the voices shaping agriculture across California. If you want to stay informed about the issues affecting farmers, ranchers, and the broader ag industry, this episode is one you won't want to miss. Entrepreneurship Lessons from Pappy's Seasoning The show begins with the final segment of a fascinating interview with Eddie Papulias, owner of Pappy's Choice Seasoning and Pappy Fine Foods. Papulias shares his journey from building a small family operation into a nationally recognized seasoning brand found in kitchens across the country. During the conversation with the Ag Meter, Papulias offers practical advice for entrepreneurs looking to launch their own food products. He explains that while starting a business is still possible today, the process has become much more complex due to regulations, insurance requirements, and rising operational costs. Papulias encourages new entrepreneurs to consider working with co-packers, manufacturers who produce products for emerging brands. This approach allows startups to bring family recipes or unique products to market without the heavy investment required to build their own manufacturing facility. His story highlights the perseverance required to build a successful business—and why maintaining strong family values and faith helped guide his company through decades of growth. Ag in the Classroom: Educating the Next Generation The episode also features an important conversation with Amanda Fletcher, Executive Director of the California Foundation for Agriculture in the Classroom. Fletcher discusses the organization's mission to connect students with agriculture and help them understand where their food comes from. Through curriculum resources and educational programs, the foundation now reaches approximately 1.3 million students across California each year. One of the organization's biggest upcoming initiatives is Virtual Farm Day on March 18, a live online learning event that takes students on a virtual journey through the farm-to-school process. The program will highlight produce operations, beef production, and school food service programs to show how food travels from the field to students' lunch trays. Fletcher also explains how agriculture offers a wide range of career opportunities—from technology and communications to engineering and mechanics—many of which students may not realize exist within the industry. Water History and the Central Valley Project The Ag Meter also previews an upcoming discussion with GeoffreyVanden Heuvel, who dives into the history of California water infrastructure and the development of the Central Valley Project. This massive project, launched in the early 1900s, included the construction of major dams, pumping stations, and hundreds of miles of canals designed to deliver water to California's Central Valley farms. The upcoming conversation promises a deeper look at how California's water system began and how water policy continues to impact agriculture today. Almond Growers Monitor Red Leaf Blotch The episode wraps up with Todd Burkdoll of Valent USA, who joins the “Growing Edge” segment to discuss the spread of almond red leaf blotch across the Central Valley. This fungal disease infects almond leaves during spring, causing orange-colored spots and potentially leading to significant defoliation if left untreated. Burkdoll explains that early monitoring, winter sanitation practices, and timely fungicide applications are critical for protecting orchard health. For growers across the valley, staying ahead of this disease is essential for maintaining long-term productivity. Listen to the Full AgNet News Hour Podcast From business success stories to ag education initiatives and critical crop protection updates, this episode of the AgNet News Hour brings together important conversations from across the agricultural industry. Be sure to listen to the full podcast to hear every interview with The Ag Meter and “Sir” Josh McGill, and stay informed about the issues impacting agriculture today.

The AgNet News Hour recently featured a fascinating conversation with Fresno entrepreneur Eddie Papulias, the man behind Pappy's Choice Seasoning and Pappy's Fine Foods. In an interview with host Nick Papagni, “the Ag Meter”, Papulias shared the remarkable story of how a family legacy rooted in agriculture and meat processing evolved into a nationally recognized seasoning brand. What began as a small family effort in the Central Valley has grown into a business whose products now appear in grocery stores across California and much of the United States. Yet the story behind Pappy's success is about far more than spices and sauces—it's about perseverance, family, and navigating the increasingly complex world of food production and small business in California. A Family Legacy That Started More Than a Century Ago Papulias' story begins long before the seasoning business existed. His grandfather immigrated from Greece in 1896 and eventually settled in Fresno, where he raised sheep, lamb, and cattle in the foothills near Friant. Decades later, Papulias' father—known affectionately as “Pappy”—launched Pappy Meat Company in 1958, building a reputation for high-quality aged beef supplied to markets from San Francisco to Los Angeles. After his father passed away while Papulias was still in high school, the future of the family business became uncertain. But in the mid-1980s, Papulias decided to take a leap of faith and build something new from a seasoning recipe his father had created for meat customers. With just $30,000 in startup capital, Pappy's Fine Foods was born. Four Years of Hard Work Before Profit The early years were anything but easy. Papulias worked tirelessly while attending college, often packaging seasoning bottles late into the night with help from friends and family. Even with the support of longtime family friends who offered free rent for a year, the company took four years before turning a profit. But Papulias stayed focused on one goal: rebuilding his father's legacy. For 25 straight years, he says he never took a vacation while building the brand. Today, more than four decades later, Pappy's products are sold across the country—and Papulias still wakes up at 4:30 a.m. every day to go to work. From Seasonings to Sauces and Meat Partnerships Over time, the company expanded beyond seasoning blends to include a variety of sauces and marinades. Some of the most popular products include: Sweet and Tangy Barbecue Sauce Patty's Sweet and Spicy Buffalo Sauce Peppercorn sauce used in marinated tri-tip products A range of seasoning blends used for grilling and home cooking Papulias also partnered with Harris Ranch Beef Company, helping develop marinated meats, pot roast, stuffed bell peppers, and other prepared products sold through retail channels. One product—peppercorn tri-tip—became especially popular during a Southern California grocery strike, when Harris Ranch reportedly sold $87 million worth of the product through Smart & Final stores. Rising Costs and Challenges for Small Businesses While the brand has grown significantly, Papulias says operating a food business in California has become increasingly difficult. He pointed to several challenges affecting producers today: Rising ingredient costs, including black pepper prices increasing dramatically Packaging costs tied to oil prices Rising freight and transportation expenses Expanding regulatory requirements for food production Increased competition from private equity-owned companies Papulias also expressed concern about the regulatory burden placed on small manufacturers. In some cases, he says, companies are leaving California altogether to operate in states with fewer regulatory hurdles. Despite the challenges, Papulias remains deeply committed to the Central Valley and the agricultural community that helped build his business. A Passion for Food, Agriculture, and Family Throughout the interview, Papulias emphasized the importance of agriculture to California's economy. The San Joaquin Valley, he noted, remains one of the most productive farming regions in the world. He also highlighted the importance of maintaining strong food safety standards. Pappy's products are produced under rigorous global safety guidelines, including BRC (British Retail Consortium) certification, which involves extensive inspections and audits. For Papulias, maintaining those standards is critical—not just for the business, but for consumers who trust the brand. Listen to the Full AgNet News Hour Interview The conversation with Eddie Papulias is packed with stories, lessons, and insights for anyone interested in: Agriculture and food production Entrepreneurship and family businesses The challenges of operating in California's business environment The history behind one of the Central Valley's most recognizable food brands Papagni will continue the conversation in the next episode, where Papulias shares recipes, cooking tips, and advice for entrepreneurs considering launching their own food businesses.

The AgNet News Hour recently featured an in-depth conversation with dairy leader Melvin Medeiros, chairman of the Western Council for Dairy Farmers of America (DFA). In a wide-ranging interview with host Nick Papagni, the two discussed everything from the future of California dairy to new consumer trends and the importance of educating the public about agriculture. Medeiros, a second-generation dairy farmer from Laton, California, has spent decades in the dairy business while also helping guide policy and strategy at the national level. Through his role with DFA—the largest dairy cooperative in the world—he works with producers and industry leaders across the country to address some of the biggest challenges facing modern agriculture. During the conversation, Medeiros explained that while the national dairy industry remains strong, California producers face unique hurdles. Regulations, water uncertainty, and rising costs have made the state one of the most expensive places in the country to farm. At the same time, investment in dairy processing has increasingly shifted to other states where companies see more predictable operating conditions. Even with those challenges, Medeiros remains optimistic about the industry's future. Demand for dairy protein continues to grow, and consumers are rediscovering the nutritional benefits of products like yogurt, cottage cheese, and milk. In fact, he noted that cottage cheese has experienced a major resurgence as consumers seek high-protein foods. Innovation is also playing a major role. Dairy Farmers of America continues to invest heavily in research and development, working to bring new dairy products with improved texture, flavor, and nutritional value to grocery store shelves. These innovations, along with improved marketing, are helping connect dairy products with younger consumers and families. The conversation also touched on sustainability. Medeiros pointed out that over the past 50 years, the California dairy industry has dramatically improved efficiency—reducing emissions, water use, and land requirements per gallon of milk produced. For farmers, sustainability isn't a buzzword; it's a necessity tied directly to their goal of passing farms on to the next generation. Beyond policy and markets, the interview also revealed Medeiros' personal side—his deep ties to family, community, and sports, including a long history of basketball success within his family. To hear the full conversation and learn more about the future of California dairy, be sure to listen to the complete interview on the AgNet News Hour Podcast, available now through AgNet West.

The March 9 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured two important conversations highlighting both the challenges and opportunities facing agriculture today. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill continued their discussion with Cannon Michael, President and CEO of Bowles Farming Company, while also sharing an interview with USDA Undersecretary Luke Lindberg about improving agricultural trade and expanding export opportunities for American producers. Michael, a sixth-generation California farmer, spoke candidly about the difficult conditions growers are facing as the 2026 season begins. Bowles Farming Company farms more than 11,000 acres between Los Banos and Merced, producing a wide range of crops including tomatoes, melons, cotton, carrots, garlic, onions, almonds, pistachios, and specialty herbs. While diversification has helped the company remain competitive, Michael said farmers across the state are facing growing pressure from rising costs, uncertain markets, and ongoing water challenges. One of the biggest concerns for west side growers continues to be water availability. With early federal allocations announced at just 15 percent, many farmers are forced to make planting and financing decisions without knowing whether additional water will become available later in the season. Even if allocations increase later, Michael explained that delayed decisions can already limit crop options and reduce overall productivity. Despite these challenges, Michael emphasized the importance of continuing to innovate. Bowles Farming Company is exploring automation technologies, precision spraying, robotic weed control, and artificial intelligence to help improve efficiency and address labor challenges. While some of these technologies are still developing, Michael believes innovation will be critical for the long-term success of California agriculture. The program also featured an interview with USDA Undersecretary for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs Luke Lindberg, who shared encouraging news about international markets for U.S. agriculture. According to Lindberg, the U.S. agricultural trade deficit is projected to drop significantly—from about $50 billion to $29 billion, a 43 percent improvement since the start of the current administration. Lindberg credited expanded trade agreements and improved market access for the progress. U.S. exports are growing across several sectors, including dairy, ethanol, and corn, while new trade frameworks with multiple countries are opening additional opportunities for American farmers and ranchers. He noted that global demand for U.S. agricultural products remains strong because of their reputation for quality, safety, and reliability. For California farmers, the conversation highlighted both sides of the agricultural equation: the challenges of producing food in a highly regulated and resource-constrained environment, and the growing demand for those products in global markets. As Michael noted, farmers remain optimistic by necessity—but long-term success will depend on continued innovation, supportive policies, and stronger connections between producers, consumers, and policymakers.

The March 6 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a detailed and eye-opening conversation with Cannon Michael, President and CEO of Bowles Farming Company, about the serious challenges facing farmers on the west side of California's Central Valley. Speaking with hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill, Michael discussed water allocations, rising regulatory pressure, and the long-term future of farming in the state. Bowles Farming Company, based between Los Banos and Merced, represents one of California agriculture's long-standing family operations. Michael is the sixth generation of his family to lead the business, which traces its roots back to the historic Miller & Lux cattle enterprise of the mid-1800s. Today, the operation farms roughly 11,000 acres of diverse crops, including tomatoes, melons, cotton, onions, garlic, carrots, pistachios, almonds, and herbs, along with managing hundreds of acres of wetland habitat along the Pacific Flyway. Despite the operation's scale and diversification, water uncertainty remains the biggest challenge. Michael explained that federal water allocations for the Central Valley Project were recently announced at just 15 percent for west side growers, a number he described as extremely disappointing given the current reservoir levels and multiple years of favorable hydrology. The low allocation creates serious business challenges for farmers. Early season water estimates are critical for securing crop financing, purchasing seed, and planning planting schedules. Without reliable water commitments, banks may hesitate to issue operating loans, leaving farmers unable to move forward with crops even if conditions improve later in the season. Michael noted that water supply uncertainty is only one piece of the puzzle. Farmers must also navigate fluctuating commodity prices, unpredictable weather, labor costs, and increasing regulatory requirements. With so many variables outside their control, farming on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley often requires significant financial risk and long-term planning. Infrastructure investment was another major topic during the discussion. Michael emphasized that California's water system relies heavily on projects built decades ago, many of which now require significant upgrades or expansion. As the state's population has doubled since the 1960s, water storage and delivery infrastructure has not kept pace, creating ongoing conflicts over limited supplies. Despite the challenges, Michael stressed that farmers remain deeply committed to their land, their employees, and their communities. Beyond producing food, many farms contribute to wildlife habitat, education programs, and community development efforts throughout rural California. The conversation underscored a key point for California agriculture: farmers are willing to innovate and adapt, but long-term success will depend on reliable water supplies, modern infrastructure, and policies that allow farms to remain economically viable for future generations.

The March 5 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a wide-ranging interview with Steve Hilton, a candidate for governor of California who says the state is at a turning point. Speaking with hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill, Hilton outlined his vision for rebuilding California's economy, restoring support for agriculture, and reversing policies he says are driving businesses and farms out of the state. Hilton argued that California's biggest problem is excessive government spending combined with overregulation. According to him, the state budget has nearly doubled in recent years, while results for residents and businesses continue to decline. He says his approach would focus on reducing bureaucracy, cutting wasteful spending, and building a leadership team capable of implementing meaningful reforms across state agencies. Agriculture played a central role in the discussion. Hilton said California farmers are being suffocated by regulations, permits, and environmental rules that make it difficult to operate profitably. He pledged to streamline regulations and reduce duplicative government oversight that currently exists across multiple agencies. Hilton also emphasized the importance of strengthening partnerships with federal leadership to improve policy coordination on water, energy, and infrastructure issues that impact agriculture. Water policy remains one of the most pressing concerns for farmers in the Central Valley. Hilton said increased water deliveries to agriculture could be achieved immediately by reversing certain regulatory decisions that restrict water flows for environmental purposes. In addition, he supports expanding long-discussed infrastructure projects such as Sites Reservoir and raising Shasta Dam, both of which could significantly increase water storage capacity for California agriculture. Energy policy also surfaced as a major issue. Hilton criticized California's reliance on imported oil while limiting domestic production. He argued that producing more energy within the state would lower costs, protect jobs, and reduce reliance on foreign suppliers. The same regulatory reforms he proposes for agriculture, he said, should also apply to energy producers and other industries struggling under California's current policies. Another area of concern discussed on the program was innovation in agriculture. Hilton pointed to emerging technologies such as automation and robotics that could improve efficiency and address labor challenges. However, he noted that California regulations often prevent farmers from adopting technologies that are already being used successfully in other states. Throughout the interview, Hilton emphasized that California has the natural resources, farmland, and talent needed to lead the nation in agriculture, energy, and innovation. The challenge, he said, is restoring common-sense leadership and removing policies that limit the state's economic potential. For farmers across California, Hilton's message was simple: support is on the way if the state embraces policies that prioritize food production, economic growth, and responsible resource management.

The March 4 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured an energetic and insightful conversation with Stephanie Nash, a dairy farmer, agriculture advocate, and social media influencer who is working to bridge the gap between farmers and consumers. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill welcomed Nash to discuss her journey from California's Central Valley to Tennessee and her growing role as a national voice for agriculture. Nash grew up in Reedley, California, attending Emmanuel High School before her family relocated to Tennessee in 2013. There, the Nash family built a new dairy operation that has grown into a diversified agricultural business. Today, Nash Family Farms includes a dairy, creamery, cheese plant, farm tours, and even a coffee shop designed to connect consumers with agriculture. Her rise as an agricultural advocate began during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nash noticed misinformation about farming circulating online and felt farmers were often on the defensive in public conversations. She decided to use social media to explain what farmers actually do, debunk myths about food production, and share honest stories about life on a dairy farm. The approach resonated with audiences, leading to national media appearances and a growing following interested in learning more about agriculture. A major focus of Nash's advocacy is education. She regularly hosts farm tours for visitors—many of whom have never stepped foot on a farm before. By showing people firsthand how animals are cared for and how food is produced, Nash hopes to rebuild trust between farmers and consumers. She believes honesty and transparency are critical to strengthening agriculture's public image. The discussion also touched on the future of farming. Nash expressed concern about the shrinking number of dairy operations across the United States and the lack of younger farmers entering the industry. With fewer than 24,000 dairies remaining nationwide, she believes the industry must focus on stronger advocacy, better marketing, and improved policy representation to ensure long-term sustainability. Nash also emphasized the need for more farmers involved in policymaking. Too often, she said, agriculture policy is shaped by individuals who have never worked on a farm. Increasing farmer representation in government, she argues, could lead to better decisions for rural communities and the nation's food system. Despite the challenges facing agriculture, Nash remains optimistic. Her message to farmers across the country is simple: share your story, advocate for your practices, and help bring the next generation into agriculture. The future of farming, she says, depends on it.

The March 3 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered one of the most candid conversations yet about the mounting pressures facing California agriculture. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill welcomed Dave Roberts of R7 Enterprises, a diversified grower in Woodlake farming cherries, citrus, lemons, pomegranates, Asian pears, avocados, and more. His message was clear: California farmers are doing everything right — but the system is making it harder and harder to survive. Roberts explained how global imports, shrinking marketing windows, and fewer major buyers are compressing profitability. In the lemon market alone, imports from the Southern Hemisphere have cut weeks out of California's traditional selling window. The result? More volume forced into a shorter time frame, softer prices, and in some cases, fruit left unharvested. “When fruit leaves my farm, everybody knows what they're going to get paid that day except for me,” Roberts said — a striking reality for any business owner. Beyond imports, consolidation is reshaping agriculture. Large retailers like Costco, Walmart, and Kroger dominate buying power, while smaller packers struggle to afford the new technology required to stay competitive. As packers consolidate, growers have fewer marketing options, often putting additional downward pressure on returns. Regulation remains another major challenge. Roberts estimates compliance costs are consuming roughly 20 percent of farm budgets. From labor and fuel to water policy and environmental mandates, the expenses continue climbing — without corresponding increases in farmgate prices. “The number one rule of sustainability is making a profit,” Roberts emphasized. Without profitability, there is no next generation. Water policy also dominated the discussion. Roberts voiced strong concerns about SGMA and the potential removal of productive farmland from use. With California already importing significant food, he questioned how reducing domestic production strengthens food security. “Food security is national security,” he said, urging policymakers to reconsider how water is stored, moved, and allocated. The conversation extended to labor reform, avocado imports, cartel-controlled production in Mexico, and the long-term future of small farming communities. Throughout the interview, one theme remained constant: farmers are willing to compete — but they need a level playing field. Roberts ended with a message of resilience, saying California agriculture “has to get better” because people depend on safe, nutritious food. For California farmers listening, the episode was more than an interview — it was a reflection of the real-world pressures many are feeling today.

The March 2 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured part two of an in-depth conversation with gubernatorial candidate Elaine Culotti, who continued outlining her vision for California's future — particularly when it comes to infrastructure, small farms, property rights, and regulatory reform. Culotti, running with No Party Preference, emphasized that California voters are tired of partisan extremes. She argued the state is fundamentally “purple,” filled with hardworking residents who want practical solutions rather than political theatrics. According to Culotti, both major parties have drifted too far from common-sense governance, and she believes leadership in the middle is the only way to stabilize the state. A major topic of discussion was infrastructure. High-speed rail once again surfaced as a flashpoint issue. Culotti suggested that private industry, rather than government bureaucracy, could complete large projects more efficiently. While debate continues over whether the rail project should move forward at all, the broader message was clear: California must prioritize roads, freight corridors, and functional infrastructure that directly supports agriculture and commerce. Small farmers were also front and center. Culotti highlighted the roughly 80,000 farms in California under 200 acres and questioned why so many struggle to remain profitable. Rising input costs, packaging expenses, and regulations are squeezing producers, while farmgate prices often fail to keep pace. She called for policies that empower small operators rather than burden them with additional compliance hurdles. Property rights emerged as another key concern, particularly in reference to legal battles facing agricultural families in areas like Point Reyes. Culotti criticized what she described as excessive litigation and regulatory pressure, arguing that landowners should not be forced into endless legal fights that ultimately drive them out of business. Insurance reform also entered the conversation, with Culotti stating that California's rising premiums and shrinking coverage options are harming farmers, truckers, and homeowners alike. She encouraged voters to research down-ballot races — including insurance commissioner — rather than voting solely along party lines. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill echoed a broader theme throughout the program: California agriculture remains strong, but policy decisions in Sacramento have created serious challenges across water, freight, labor, and energy sectors. Whether discussing infrastructure, immigration, or small business survival, the underlying question remains the same — can the state shift toward pragmatic leadership before more farms and families leave? As Culotti put it, California still has all the ingredients for success. The debate now centers on whether leadership can restore balance and accountability in time.

The February 27 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a wide-ranging and energetic conversation with Elaine Culotti, who officially announced she is running for Governor of California. In a discussion that touched on everything from water and infrastructure to immigration and state spending, Culotti made it clear she believes California needs a complete reset. Culotti, a farmer and entrepreneur, is running with No Party Preference, arguing that California's biggest challenges won't be solved by partisan politics. With the state facing a massive budget deficit, high gas prices, struggling infrastructure, and ongoing recovery from devastating wildfires, she says leadership must focus on practical solutions instead of party loyalty. A major theme of the interview was Sacramento's role in what she describes as “oppression” of local cities through unfunded mandates. Culotti argued that cities and counties are often required to comply with state directives without receiving the funding necessary to implement them. According to her, that structure drains local resources and limits communities' ability to solve problems on their own terms. Infrastructure also took center stage. From the unfinished high-speed rail project to crumbling highways and rising fuel costs, Culotti emphasized the need to prioritize roads, freight corridors, and supply chains before launching new large-scale initiatives. With refineries closing and transportation costs rising, she warned that California families and farmers will continue feeling pressure at the pump and in grocery stores unless energy and logistics are addressed directly. Water policy was another focal point. Culotti stressed that California must bring in subject-matter experts and implement long-term, science-based strategies to secure reliable water supplies for agriculture and growing communities. She also called for stronger collaboration with federal agencies to unlock infrastructure funding and stabilize the state's economy. Immigration policy entered the conversation as well, with Culotti highlighting concerns about the backlog of legal immigration applications and the strain on local systems. She argued that restoring order and clarity to the process is essential for economic stability and public trust. Looking ahead, Culotti said the upcoming primary will be critical. With California's “top two” primary system sending only the highest vote-getters to the general election, she is appealing directly to voters across party lines who want accountability, fiscal responsibility, and economic development. As California prepares for the 2028 Olympics and continues recovering from wildfire damage, Culotti says the state must rebuild its foundation — economically and structurally — before pursuing new ambitions. Part two of the interview continues next week.

The February 26 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered one of the most powerful and personal interviews of the year, as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill sat down with Rickey Bird, director and writer of the documentary Kern Oil. The conversation centered on California's oil industry, energy independence, and the ripple effects energy policy has on agriculture, freight, and rural communities. Bird, a third-generation oilfield worker from Bakersfield, shared how dramatically the industry has changed over the past several years. Despite California consuming roughly 1.8 million barrels of oil per day, in-state production continues to decline due to regulatory hurdles. Instead, the state imports oil from overseas — a move Bird argues increases costs while outsourcing environmental oversight. He emphasized that California-produced oil is among the most heavily regulated and environmentally monitored in the world. Yet, as production slows, communities like Taft and parts of Kern County are feeling the economic strain. Fewer permits, refinery closures, and regulatory uncertainty have led to job losses, shuttered businesses, and declining local tax revenues. The discussion also underscored how deeply interconnected oil is with agriculture. From fuel for tractors and irrigation pumps to freight transportation and fertilizer production, energy costs impact every step of the food supply chain. As Papagni noted, when fuel prices rise, so does the cost of getting grapes, almonds, and vegetables to market. Those increases ultimately reach the consumer. Bird also shared the deeply personal motivation behind his documentary. After years of declining work opportunities in the oilfield, his family experienced firsthand the emotional and financial toll that industry contraction can bring. His film aims to highlight not just policy debates, but the real families affected when jobs disappear in rural California. Kern Oil features interviews with oilfield workers, executives, community leaders, and policymakers, offering perspectives from across the industry. Bird says the goal is education — helping Californians understand how energy policy decisions affect everything from gas prices to property taxes. The episode also touched on broader themes of accountability and governance. With California facing budget challenges and rising living costs, the hosts discussed whether better management of existing natural resources could help stabilize local economies. As the conversation made clear, energy isn't just about fuel at the pump — it's about jobs, infrastructure, agriculture, and community stability. Kern Oil premieres this week at the historic Fox Theater in Bakersfield, with additional screenings planned across the state.

The February 25 edition of the AgNet News Hour continued a powerful two-part discussion on the growing crisis in California trucking, as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill again welcomed Mark Woods and Jose Nunez of Wildwood Express. Their message was urgent: without meaningful policy changes, the trucking industry that agriculture depends on may not survive. Woods, who operates a 45-truck fleet in Kings County, detailed the mounting pressures squeezing freight companies from every direction. New truck prices have climbed close to $200,000 per unit, with 2027 models expected to increase another $15,000 to $25,000 due to additional emissions requirements and new technology mandates. Meanwhile, repair costs at dealership service centers can exceed $240 per hour — and trucks often sit for days or weeks waiting for qualified technicians. The biggest concern, Woods emphasized, isn't engine reliability. Modern engines remain durable. Instead, nearly every mechanical issue stems from emissions systems, sensors, and regulatory compliance components. Diesel exhaust systems, filters, and electronic sensors frequently trigger downtime, leaving trucks parked while payments, insurance, and payroll continue. For many small and mid-sized fleets, there is no margin for extended downtime. Unlike major corporations with large reserves, independent operators cannot afford long-term research and development risks on unproven equipment. As Woods explained, trucking companies don't need government assistance — they need government to step aside and allow them to operate efficiently. Insurance premiums remain another heavy burden. Companies invest in AI-driven safety systems, in-cab cameras, and electronic logging devices to protect drivers and limit liability. Yet insurance rates continue rising, especially in California's increasingly litigious environment. A single accident can jeopardize both a driver's commercial license and a company's financial stability. Fuel costs add further uncertainty. With refinery closures on the horizon, concerns about diesel availability and potential price spikes loom large. If fuel prices rise dramatically, every product transported — from fertilizer and bee hives to finished almonds and fresh produce — becomes more expensive. As Papagni noted, freight touches every step of the agricultural supply chain. Workforce retention remains steady for Wildwood Express, but compliance enforcement and licensing scrutiny create additional hurdles. Meanwhile, deteriorating highway conditions, especially along Highway 99, accelerate wear and tear on already expensive equipment. The takeaway from the conversation was clear: trucking is not optional infrastructure. It is the backbone of agriculture and the broader economy. Without freight, food does not move. As Woods put it, the industry must stand united and demand practical solutions before more companies disappear.

Freight Industry Warning: The February 24 edition of the AgNet News Hour tackled a topic that affects every farmer, processor, retailer, and consumer in California — freight. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill devoted the program to a candid and urgent conversation with Mark Woods and Jose Nunez of Wildwood Express, who say the state's trucking industry is approaching a critical breaking point. Woods, who operates a 45-truck fleet based in Kings County, laid out the growing list of challenges facing California freight companies: rising fuel costs, increasing insurance premiums, emissions regulations, equipment mandates, licensing issues, and deteriorating road infrastructure. While growers often talk about water, labor, and regulation, Woods emphasized that none of it matters if product can't move. “If you can't get it to market, you're dead in the water,” McGill noted — a reality that applies to almonds, tomatoes, citrus, livestock, and every other commodity grown in the state. Fuel remains one of the largest burdens. California diesel prices run significantly higher than neighboring states, and with refinery closures looming, uncertainty around supply and future pricing adds another layer of stress. Woods warned that rising transportation costs inevitably trickle down to consumers — whether it's the price of produce, meat, or a restaurant meal. Insurance is another major pressure point. Freight companies are investing in advanced safety technology — including AI-powered monitoring systems and in-cab cameras — to reduce accidents and protect drivers. Yet despite those investments, insurance costs continue climbing. Woods said companies are doing everything they can to operate safely and efficiently, but margins remain razor thin. Regulatory complexity compounds the issue. Emissions testing requirements, equipment standards, and licensing enforcement create additional compliance hurdles. Woods expressed concern that smaller operators may not survive under the weight of expanding mandates, particularly as newer truck models become more expensive. The conversation also addressed workforce challenges. While interest in commercial driving remains steady, language requirements and licensing scrutiny are impacting available drivers. Meanwhile, California's poor road conditions accelerate wear and tear on already costly equipment. Papagni underscored a critical point: everything in your home — from food to furniture — was delivered by truck. Freight is not optional. It is foundational. As Woods put it, the trucking industry isn't asking for special treatment — just a level playing field and practical policies that allow companies to remain profitable while serving California agriculture. Part two of the freight discussion continues tomorrow.

National FFA Week: The February 23 edition of the AgNet News Hour put the spotlight on one of the most influential youth organizations in agriculture, the National FFA Organization. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill opened the program discussing improving weather conditions across California as bloom season approaches, but the heart of the show focused on celebrating National FFA Week and the leadership pipeline shaping agriculture's future. Joining the program was Christy Meyer, Marketing and Communications Director for the National FFA Organization. Meyer shared that FFA now serves more than one million members nationwide, with over 9,000 chapters across all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Established in 1948, National FFA Week was strategically designed to include George Washington's birthday, honoring his agricultural roots and reinforcing farming's foundational role in America. Throughout the week, chapters host service projects, alumni celebrations, advisor appreciation events, and community outreach efforts. One of the most impactful days is Advisor Appreciation Day, recognizing agricultural educators who often serve as mentors well beyond the classroom. Papagni emphasized that nearly every FFA member he has interviewed credits a teacher or advisor for life-changing guidance. Meyer noted that FFA participation does not require growing up on a farm. Students enroll through agricultural education courses that range from animal science and plant science to agricultural technology and agribusiness. The organization prepares students for more than 300 agriculture-related career pathways, including food science, engineering, communications, research, and emerging ag technologies. Leadership development remains the cornerstone of the organization. Public speaking, critical thinking, community service, and hands-on supervised agricultural experiences (SAEs) equip members with marketable skills that translate well beyond agriculture. McGill shared his own background studying agricultural education and acknowledged how FFA builds confidence and professionalism in young leaders. The program also touched on broader agricultural policy developments, including federal efforts to prioritize domestic glyphosate and phosphate production. Hosts noted that strengthening agricultural inputs at home could help stabilize costs for growers nationwide. As bloom season begins and spring approaches, the message was clear: the future of agriculture depends not only on technology and policy, but on cultivating the next generation of leaders. National FFA Week serves as a reminder that agriculture's strength lies in its people, and the young men and women proudly wearing blue jackets today may soon be leading farms, companies, and communities tomorrow.

The February 20 edition of the AgNet News Hour focused squarely on agricultural automation, return on investment, and whether California is ready to truly support innovation in the field. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill broadcast on a drying Friday morning following recent storms, but the real spotlight was on cutting-edge technology unveiled at the 2026 World Ag Expo. The featured guest was Paul Mikesell, founder and CEO of Carbon Robotics, the company behind the LaserWeeder and the newly announced Autonomous Tractor Kit (ATK). Mikesell shared how he built the first version of the laser weeding system in his backyard after years of working with artificial intelligence in Silicon Valley. His goal was simple: apply advanced AI to solve real-world farming problems — specifically herbicide resistance, rising labor costs, and environmental concerns. The LaserWeeder uses AI-powered cameras and high-precision lasers to identify and eliminate weeds without chemicals. According to Mikesell, growers are seeing up to 80 percent savings on weed control while improving crop health and market timing. The key, he emphasized, is ROI. Farmers want automation to pay for itself in one to three years — not five or ten. That financial reality has shaped Carbon Robotics' business model and rapid global expansion into 15 countries. Beyond weed control, the company introduced Carbon ATK, an autonomous tractor kit that can convert existing tractors into self-driving units. Unlike other autonomous systems that shut down when encountering unexpected obstacles, Carbon's system allows remote operators to take control instantly, ensuring full workdays in the field. The technology is designed to handle tillage, spraying, and other field operations with real-time AI oversight. But the conversation also highlighted regulatory challenges in California. While self-driving vehicles operate on public streets in San Francisco, autonomous tractors face gray areas under state labor and safety regulations. Mikesell called for clearer policies that allow farmers to adopt the best tools available without unnecessary roadblocks. Papagni and McGill underscored the broader takeaway: automation must make financial sense for growers. With labor costs high and margins tight, farmers cannot afford technology that doesn't deliver quick, measurable returns. As AI continues to evolve rapidly, adaptability and affordability will determine which companies succeed. The episode closed with a call for common-sense leadership and stronger support for agriculture in California. As automation advances, the question remains — will policy keep pace with innovation?

The February 19 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered a fast-moving and wide-ranging program as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill covered everything from almond crop projections and propane-powered irrigation savings to cattle health and agricultural advocacy. With bloom season underway and storms rolling through California, the message was clear: growers are adapting in real time to protect both this year's crop and their bottom line. The show featured an in-depth interview with Steve Malanca, longtime almond hauler and co-founder of the “My Job Depends on Ag” campaign. Malanca provided an updated almond crop estimate, noting that early fears of a sharply reduced harvest may have been overstated. While some counties reported yields down as much as 15 percent, stronger-than-expected production in Kern County helped stabilize the statewide total. Current projections now place the crop closer to the mid–2.6 to 2.7 billion pound range. Looking ahead, Malanca said chill hours and bloom conditions could position nonpareils for a rebound year, while pistachios may cycle down after last season's record harvest. Beyond production numbers, he emphasized the importance of soil health, carbon sequestration, and moisture retention strategies—especially for Westside growers facing extreme water costs. With some farmers paying $1,000 to $1,500 per acre-foot in dry years, innovation is no longer optional. The program also spotlighted energy efficiency through a compelling interview with grower Lance Sheblut, who detailed his switch from diesel and electric irrigation pumps to propane-powered engines. After running side-by-side comparisons during peak summer heat, Sheblut reported significantly lower operating costs with propane—saving thousands of dollars over just a ten-day period compared to diesel and electricity. With available rebates and full tax write-offs on new equipment, propane is quickly becoming a serious option for growers looking to reduce overhead. Cattle health and disease management were also addressed, with insights into bovine respiratory disease and ongoing vigilance within the beef industry. Meanwhile, the hosts discussed recent arrests tied to beehive theft, underscoring the importance of protecting pollination assets during bloom. Beyond agronomics and economics, the episode reinforced the importance of advocacy. Malanca's “My Job Depends on Ag” campaign continues to raise awareness about how many industries rely on farming, while events like the upcoming Citrus & Specialty Crop Expo highlight the value of networking and innovation across state lines. As Papagni and McGill wrapped the show, one theme stood out: whether it's crop projections, energy solutions, livestock health, or public outreach, California agriculture continues to adjust, innovate, and push forward.

Bee Season in Full Swing: The February 18 edition of the AgNet News Hour focused on one of the most critical — and often overlooked — inputs in California agriculture: bees. With almond bloom underway across the Central Valley and storms rolling through the state, hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill dedicated much of the program to pollination, hive health, and why timing is everything during this narrow three- to four-week window. Papagni opened the show reflecting on recent rainstorms and the importance of moisture heading into peak bloom. While rain is welcome for reservoirs and soil profiles, it complicates pollination logistics. Bees don't fly in heavy rain, cold temperatures, or high winds, and muddy orchards can delay hive placement. With bloom percentages already climbing, growers without secured hives could find themselves in a tight spot. The episode featured an in-depth interview with Daniel Taran, Field Marketing Manager for BeeHero, who explained how technology is changing the pollination game. Traditionally, growers rely on a standard rate of two hives per acre. BeeHero takes a more data-driven approach, using in-hive sensors to measure colony strength and frame counts before deployment. That transparency gives growers confidence they're receiving strong, active colonies — not underperforming boxes. Taran noted that nearly every commercial beehive in the country eventually makes its way to California for almond pollination. Given the scale of the industry, even minor colony losses can tighten supply. Last year's elevated losses due to Varroa mite resistance highlighted how fragile the system can be. While conditions appear improved this season, demand remains extremely high, and theft of beehives — sometimes worth hundreds of dollars each — continues to be an issue across rural counties. The hosts also emphasized the biological side of the story. Bees are responsible for pollinating roughly one-third of the food humans consume. Worker bees live about 30 to 40 days, while queens can live several years. During bloom, bees work quickly and methodically, foraging from the closest flowers and returning repeatedly to their hive. With only one shot at pollination each season, successful bloom directly determines final yields. Beyond bees, the program also featured interviews from World Ag Expo, including Alexandra Duarte's California Senate campaign update and agronomic insights from AgroLiquid and Valent on post-rain nutrition and pest management. But pollination remained the central theme: without bees, there is no almond crop. As Papagni put it, water, labor, freight, and regulations matter — but without healthy hives in the orchard right now, nothing else counts.

The February 17 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered one of the most emotional and urgent interviews of the year as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill welcomed back Stephanie Moreda-Arend, a fifth-generation dairy farmer from the Point Reyes–Petaluma area. Her message was clear: small, organic dairy families are being pushed off historic land, and California agriculture cannot afford to ignore it. Moreda-Arend first joined the program months ago when environmental groups filed lawsuits aimed at removing multi-generational farms from land leased through Point Reyes National Seashore. Now, the situation has escalated. A settlement agreement signed in early January has already led to several dairy families selling their cattle, shutting down operations, and leaving land that has been farmed for over a century. The impact goes far beyond a handful of ranches. According to Moreda-Arend, the closures affect not only farm owners, but also the dozens of families who live and work on those properties. Many employees receive housing as part of their employment, meaning entire households are now scrambling to find new homes, new jobs, and new schools for their children in an already tight California housing market. She pushed back strongly on claims that removing agriculture protects the environment. In her view, regenerative dairy operations and healthy ecosystems go hand in hand. Quality soil, clean water, and strong pasture management are not optional — they are essential to producing high-quality milk and beef. “You can't have good food without good land,” she emphasized. Moreda-Arend also raised concerns about the long-term consequences. Once a dairy shuts down, it rarely returns. The generational knowledge, infrastructure, and passion required to run a dairy operation cannot simply be replaced. If small family farms disappear, she warned, food production will consolidate into fewer, larger operations — or shift out of state entirely. The conversation also touched on federal attention to the issue. While the legal complexities of national park land make intervention challenging, Moreda-Arend said awareness at the national level is growing. Still, she stressed that public support and continued pressure are critical if remaining farms are to survive. For her personally, the fight has added another layer of responsibility to an already demanding life. Dairy farming is a 24/7 commitment, and advocacy was never part of the original job description. But she believes staying silent is no longer an option. Papagni and McGill underscored the broader takeaway: California cannot claim to value sustainability while dismantling the very farms that produce local, organic food. As Moreda-Arend put it, protecting small family dairies isn't just about one region — it's about preserving the backbone of American agriculture.

The February 16 edition of the AgNet News Hour kicked off a week of rain, World Ag Expo momentum, and a major political conversation as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill sat down with Jamie Johansson, candidate for California's District 3 Assembly seat. Johansson, a first-generation farmer and former President of the California Farm Bureau, made it clear that 2026 could be a defining year for agriculture, energy, and water policy in the Golden State. Johansson farms olives and citrus in Butte County and has spent years advocating for growers in Sacramento and Washington, D.C. Now, with current Assemblymember James Gallagher terming out, Johansson says the North State needs someone who can “hit the ground running” on day one. His district spans six counties stretching from Yuba-Sutter to the Oregon border, covering vast agricultural and forested lands that often feel overlooked in a legislature dominated by urban representation. A central theme of the interview was predictability — something Johansson believes California has lost. Farmers face rising regulatory costs, soaring energy prices, and water uncertainty that make it nearly impossible to plan for the next season. Electricity rates hovering around 40 cents per kilowatt-hour, compared to a national average closer to 17 cents, hit both farms and families hard. “There has to be accountability,” Johansson said, pointing to the state's multi-billion-dollar deficit and a pattern of promises made to agriculture that go unfunded. Water policy also took center stage. Johansson discussed the importance of moving forward with long-delayed projects like Sites Reservoir and emphasized the need to treat hydropower as clean energy again. He argued that removing dams under the current regulatory climate only weakens both rural communities and the state's energy reliability. Wildfire management, forest thinning, and predator issues such as wolves were also part of the conversation. Johansson said Northern California communities have lived with evacuation warnings and catastrophic fires for years, and regulatory barriers must be addressed to allow proactive forest management instead of reactive disaster response. Beyond policy, Johansson spoke personally about generational farming. As a first-generation farmer raising three children, he understands the fear that the next generation may not be able to afford to live — let alone farm — in California. He urged agricultural voters to get involved, whether through campaigns, local boards, or simply showing up at the ballot box. Papagni and McGill emphasized that agriculture needs strong, experienced voices in Sacramento. Johansson's background with Farm Bureau and local government positions him to advocate effectively in a legislature often disconnected from rural realities. As Johansson put it, California still has everything it needs — soil, water, forests, and hardworking families. The question is whether leadership will restore accountability and abundance before more farms disappear.

The February 13 edition of the AgNet News Hour wrapped up a powerful week of policy conversations with Part Two of the in-depth interview featuring Edward Ring, Director of Energy and Water Policy at the California Policy Center. While earlier discussions focused heavily on water, this episode zeroed in on energy, oil production, electricity pricing, and California's economic future, all through the lens of common-sense reform. Ring tackled a growing concern in California: refinery closures and the long-term outlook for in-state oil production. As refineries begin shutting down or repurposing to import refined gasoline instead of processing California crude, Ring warned that fuel prices are likely to remain high, and regions like Kern County could suffer economically. He emphasized that California produces some of the cleanest oil in the world yet continues to import crude and refined fuel from overseas, outsourcing environmental impact rather than solving it. The broader issue, Ring explained, is regulatory instability. Oil producers and refiners are hesitant to invest in long-term infrastructure if policy shifts every election cycle. Without consistent leadership and predictable rules, companies won't commit capital to projects that require 10–20 years to pay off. The result? Reduced in-state production and increased dependence on imports. But Ring struck a far more optimistic tone when the conversation turned to electricity. He predicted California is heading toward an era of energy abundance, driven not by mandates, but by innovation. He pointed to emerging technologies like small modular nuclear reactors and decentralized energy generation, including data centers generating surplus power and potentially even electric vehicles serving as mobile battery banks. Ring questioned why natural gas power plants are only operating about 28 percent of the time instead of providing consistent baseload power. If allowed to compete freely, he argued, electricity costs could fall dramatically. Abundant, affordable energy would unlock solutions across the board, from desalination and groundwater recharge to advanced water filtration and inter-basin transfers. The conversation also circled back to forestry and environmental management. Ring noted that reducing logging from historic levels has contributed to catastrophic wildfires and overgrown forests. Strategic thinning and responsible land management, he said, could improve forest health and potentially increase runoff from Sierra watersheds, boosting water supply while reducing fire risk. Throughout the interview, Ring repeatedly emphasized collaboration over conflict. Farmers, urban water agencies, and policymakers must unite behind an “all-of-the-above” strategy for water and energy infrastructure. Instead of fighting over scarcity, California could build toward abundance. As hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill highlighted, the takeaway was simple: California has the resources, oil, water, land, and innovation, but needs leadership willing to prioritize practicality over politics. In Ring's words, “We really could do it all.”

The February 12 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured one of the most detailed and solutions-driven conversations of the year as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill welcomed Edward Ring, Director of Energy and Water Policy at the California Policy Center. Broadcasting during the final day of World Ag Expo, the discussion centered on a bold but practical idea: dredging the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta to increase water supply, reduce conflict, and restore environmental balance. Ring argued that California's water crisis is not simply about scarcity — it's about management. Since the 1970s, environmental litigation halted large-scale dredging operations in the Delta. Over time, silt accumulation has significantly reduced channel capacity, cutting water throughput from historic levels of roughly 200,000 cubic feet per second down to about 130,000. That reduced flow capacity, Ring explained, forces reservoir operators to release more water for flood control rather than storing it for farms and cities. According to Ring, restoring the Delta's channel depth could potentially free up one to two million acre-feet of additional water per year — water that currently flows out to sea during high-flow winter events. He emphasized that dredging would not only benefit agriculture and urban water users but could also help salmon migration by creating deeper, cooler channels that improve fish habitat. The conversation highlighted growing cooperation between Delta farmers, San Joaquin Valley growers, and Southern California water agencies — groups that historically clashed over pumping. Ring said deeper channels would ease that tension by preventing irrigation channels from running dry when pumps are operating. In his view, this is one of the rare opportunities where agricultural, urban, and environmental interests could align. Ring also addressed groundwater recharge. During recent winter storms, hundreds of thousands of acre-feet of water passed through the system without being captured. He suggested temporarily allowing growers to divert excess flows for recharge — without counting it against summer allocations — as a way to accelerate aquifer recovery under SGMA. “Let farmers put floodwater to work,” he said, arguing that smart agreements could restore groundwater faster while reducing long-term restrictions. Beyond dredging, Ring called for a shift away from a conservation-only mindset. Urban water use, he noted, has remained nearly flat for decades despite massive population growth — proof that conservation has already delivered major gains. The next phase, he said, must focus on infrastructure expansion and water abundance, not permanent scarcity. Papagni and McGill emphasized that bringing experts like Ring onto the program reflects the show's commitment to practical solutions. With new storms forecast and allocations still uncertain, the conversation served as a reminder that California has options — if leaders are willing to act. Part two of the interview, focusing on energy policy, airs Friday.

The February 9 edition of the AgNet News Hour kicked off a powerful week of conversations focused on pistachios, water, and California agriculture's future as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill welcomed Richard Kreps, a longtime California pistachio grower and industry leader. With the World Ag Expo just days away, Kreps delivered a no-nonsense assessment of where agriculture stands — and where policy continues to fall short. Kreps opened by reflecting on the record-setting pistachio crop California growers just delivered. While early projections suggested a crop nearing two billion pounds, final numbers came in just over 1.5 billion pounds, still the largest harvest in industry history. Strong international marketing efforts in regions like India, Brazil, South Korea, and Europe helped move volume, with global demand continuing to outpace supply — a positive sign for pricing and long-term stability. Trade was a key topic throughout the interview. Kreps explained that pistachios, almonds, and walnuts are among the most nutrient-dense foods California produces, giving them leverage in global markets. While tariffs often dominate headlines, Kreps argued that when consumers worldwide want high-quality, healthy food, barriers tend to fall. “Nutrition matters,” he said, adding that California's permanent crops offer something few regions can match. The conversation quickly turned to water, where Kreps was especially blunt. He criticized decades of mismanagement that have left farmers dealing with unpredictable allocations despite full reservoirs. He noted that California has doubled its population without building major new water storage, while sending massive volumes of rain and snowmelt straight to the ocean. “We have enough water,” Kreps said. “We just refuse to store it.” Kreps also addressed the frustration growers feel when allocations are announced too late to plan crops. Even when water is eventually released, he said, timing often makes it unusable for planting decisions. That uncertainty forces growers to fallow land, rely on groundwater, or abandon opportunities — all while still paying for water they never receive. From an agronomic perspective, Kreps urged pistachio growers to rethink traditional nutrition strategies as bloom approaches. With newer varieties reducing extreme alternate bearing, he emphasized balancing fertility year-round rather than cutting back during lighter years. Proper nutrient management, water quality monitoring, and tissue sampling, he said, are now essential for consistent yields and long-term orchard health. Despite the challenges, Kreps struck an optimistic tone. He believes California agriculture still holds unmatched advantages in climate, soils, and expertise — but only if policymakers embrace common sense. “Farmers are the best environmentalists,” he said. “We just need the freedom to do our jobs.” Papagni and McGill closed the episode by noting that voices like Richard Kreps matter now more than ever, especially as agriculture heads into a pivotal year for water, policy, and public awareness.

The February 6 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered welcome optimism for tree nut growers as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill sat down with Robert Verloop, CEO and Executive Director of the California Walnut Commission and Board. After several difficult years marked by low prices, rising costs, and market uncertainty, Verloop believes the walnut industry is finally turning a corner — both at home and abroad. Verloop opened with a reminder of California's dominance in walnuts. Nearly 99 percent of U.S. walnuts are grown in California, and roughly 65 percent of production is exported. That global reach has made trade policy especially important, and Verloop called recent developments with India the most significant news the industry has seen in years. India currently imposes a 100 percent tariff on walnuts, severely limiting market access. Verloop said a newly finalized agreement between the U.S. and India could dramatically lower that tariff — potentially to 30 percent or less. If that happens, India could quickly become California's largest walnut export market, with the potential to absorb an additional 100,000 tons annually. “That's a game changer,” Verloop said, noting that growers planted acreage years ago in anticipation of broader access to the Indian market. Beyond trade, the discussion focused heavily on marketing and consumer demand, especially domestically. While walnuts are a nutritional powerhouse — rich in omega-3s, fiber, and healthy fats — Verloop acknowledged the industry has been slow to modernize its image. “Today's walnuts are not your grandmother's baking ingredient,” he said. The Commission is now pushing a feel-good campaign aimed at younger families, repositioning walnuts as a daily snack and a versatile ingredient for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Health research is a major pillar of that effort. Verloop highlighted studies linking walnuts to improved heart health, gut health, sleep quality, and even potential benefits in colorectal cancer prevention and brain health. “A handful a day can make a difference,” he said, emphasizing that walnuts align perfectly with growing interest in plant-based nutrition. On the production side, Verloop said California has about 380,000 producing acres of walnuts, with acreage beginning to stabilize after recent declines. Rising input costs, labor challenges, and water availability remain major concerns, particularly for smaller family farms averaging around 60 acres. Many growers, he said, rely on off-farm income to stay afloat. Looking ahead to 2026, Verloop expressed cautious optimism. A strong recent crop, improving global demand, and potential tariff relief could help stabilize grower returns. “We have the product, the quality, and the health story,” he said. “Now we need the markets to line up.” Papagni and McGill closed the episode by agreeing that walnuts may be one of California agriculture's quiet comeback stories — rooted in tradition, but finally embracing modern marketing and global opportunity.

The February 5 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured one of the most candid and wide-ranging conversations of the year as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill sat down with Jeff Aiello, a 13-time Emmy Award-winning cinematographer, PBS host, and founder of 1830 Entertainment. Aiello, best known for his work on American Grown: My Job Depends on Ag and Outside Beyond the Lens, shared what he has learned firsthand while documenting California agriculture, wolves, forests, and water policy. Aiello explained that his recent wolf documentaries were not planned around a narrative — they unfolded in real time. While filming in Sierra Valley, he witnessed California Department of Fish and Wildlife, USDA officials, drones, wardens, and ranchers all scrambling to respond to active wolf depredation events. “It was chaos,” Aiello said. “And it was completely unsustainable.” What stood out most to him was how predictable the crisis had been. Wolves, reintroduced decades ago in Yellowstone and later migrating into California, were placed under strict protections without a meaningful management plan. Once deer and elk populations declined, wolves did what wolves are designed to do — find new prey. In California, that meant livestock. Aiello emphasized that wolves are intelligent apex predators, not villains, but said policy failures have forced them into conflict with people. Aiello contrasted California's approach with Canada and other western states, where lethal control is part of responsible wolf management. “When a pack learns cattle are dangerous, they move on,” he said. “Here, they've learned there are no consequences.” He warned that continued inaction risks pushing ranchers into desperate situations while ultimately putting wolves themselves in greater danger. The conversation expanded beyond wolves into forest and water management, where Aiello believes California has repeated the same mistakes for decades. He described how shutting down logging while continuing aggressive fire suppression created overgrown forests — setting the stage for today's catastrophic wildfires. Those fires, he noted, destroy habitat, forcing wildlife downhill and closer to farms and towns. Water policy was another major focus. Aiello argued that California's water problems are largely man-made, pointing to failed storage projects, Delta mismanagement, and a refusal to acknowledge infrastructure realities. He warned that a major earthquake in the Delta could instantly cripple water deliveries to Southern California, exposing how fragile the system truly is. One of Aiello's strongest messages centered on food security. He criticized the idea that reducing agriculture in California helps the environment, calling it hypocritical. “You're exporting your environmental responsibility to countries with fewer regulations,” he said. “People still have to eat.” He reminded listeners that agriculture is the world's largest carbon-removal industry, pulling CO₂ from the atmosphere every day through crops and orchards. Papagni and McGill praised Aiello for telling agriculture's story honestly, without spin. As Aiello put it, “Farmers aren't the problem — they're the solution. They just need to be allowed to do their jobs.”

The February 4 edition of the AgNet News Hour was all about gearing up for what many farmers call the Super Bowl of agriculture — the World Ag Expo, set for February 10–12 in Tulare. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill were joined by Megan Lausten, Marketing Manager for the World Ag Expo, who offered a behind-the-scenes look at the scale, impact, and excitement surrounding the world's largest annual agricultural trade show. Lausten explained that preparations for the event are already in full swing, with massive equipment beginning to roll onto the grounds weeks ahead of opening day. More than 1,200 exhibitors will fill over 2.6 million square feet of exhibit space, showcasing everything from cutting-edge automation and irrigation systems to livestock equipment, soil technology, and farm management tools. One of the most important takeaways from the conversation was that World Ag Expo is far more than just a trade show — it's a major economic driver for the Central Valley. Lausten said the event generates more than $60 million in economic impact for Tulare County, while relying on the support of over 1,000 volunteers who help make the show run smoothly. Those volunteers, easily spotted in bright orange jackets, play a critical role in guiding attendees and keeping operations moving. Education remains a core mission of the Expo. Lausten highlighted the Seminar Center, where attendees can access free educational sessions with paid admission. Topics range from dairy and livestock management to safety, succession planning, and emerging ag technology. She also spotlighted the Women's Conference Pavilion, which returns this year with networking events, cooking demonstrations using California Grown products, and panels focused on women in agricultural technology and leadership. The hosts also discussed how accessible the event is for both farmers and the general public. Lausten emphasized that you don't have to be a grower to enjoy the Expo. Families, students, and community members are encouraged to attend and explore the Ag Ventures Learning Center and Ag Career and Education Pavilion, where young people can learn about the wide range of careers available in agriculture — from drone pilots to agronomists to engineers. Transportation and logistics were another highlight. Lausten encouraged attendees to take advantage of the free Park and Ride system, with locations across Tulare, Visalia, and Exeter, as well as free on-site parking and tram service throughout the grounds. She also stressed the importance of downloading the World Ag Expo mobile app, which allows visitors to plan their day, locate exhibitors, and navigate the massive grounds efficiently. The episode wrapped with reminders about the Expo's famous food scene, run entirely by local nonprofit groups that collectively raised more than $1 million last year, and a final encouragement to come prepared — with comfortable shoes, curiosity, and a full appetite. As Papagni put it, “If you want to see where agriculture is headed next, World Ag Expo is where it all comes together.”

The February 3 edition of the AgNet News Hour wrapped up a powerful three-part interview series with Rick Roberti, President of the California Cattlemen's Association, as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill explored what lies ahead for California agriculture — and why complacency could be its greatest threat. The conversation blended hard truths about politics, land use, and regulation with a clear call to action for farmers, ranchers, and ag supporters statewide. Roberti explained that cattle production remains one of the least automated and most hands-on segments of agriculture. Raising beef is a three-year investment, from breeding to harvest, requiring constant care, daily labor, and long-term financial risk. “You don't just flip a switch,” Roberti said. “Every animal represents years of work before it ever reaches a plate.” Despite record-high cattle prices driven by strong consumer demand, Roberti warned that profitability is still fragile. Rising costs, regulatory pressure, predator losses, and uncertainty around water and land access continue to strain producers. He pointed out that California cattle numbers are historically low, and rebuilding herds takes years — not months — making policy mistakes especially dangerous right now. A major theme of the episode was land conversion. Roberti said thousands of acres of productive farmland are lost every year to housing and development, and once land is paved over, it never comes back. In many rangeland areas, cattle are the only viable use of the land. Remove livestock, he warned, and those landscapes either become unmanaged fire hazards or targets for urban sprawl. Politics also took center stage. Roberti acknowledged frustration within agriculture but urged producers not to disengage. “Giving up guarantees you lose,” he said. He believes progress is still possible by working with moderate lawmakers who are beginning to recognize that California's current approach isn't working. Local government, he emphasized, is where agriculture can make the biggest difference — from city councils to county boards of supervisors. Roberti encouraged farmers and ranchers to tell their story directly. He shared an example where public understanding shifted dramatically once officials explained the realities of wolf depredation and livestock losses. “Most people don't hate agriculture,” he said. “They just don't understand it — because no one has explained it to them.” The episode also featured updates on World Ag Expo, with Papagni and McGill reminding listeners that innovation remains one of agriculture's strongest tools. Precision technology, smarter agronomy, and efficient equipment are helping growers stretch inputs and stay competitive, even as regulatory pressure increases. As the series concluded, Roberti struck an optimistic tone. California, he said, still has unmatched climate, soil, and production capacity. What's missing is leadership with vision and common sense. “This state isn't lost,” he said. “But agriculture has to stand up for itself — or someone else will decide its future.” Papagni summed it up plainly: “As long as people eat, farming matters. And California farmers deserve a fair shot.”