Podcasts about Tetracycline

On episode #75 of the Infectious Disease Puscast, Daniel and Sara review the infectious disease literature for the weeks of 2/13/25 – 2/26/25. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Sara Dong Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Puscast! Links for this episode Viral VIMKUNYA (FDA) Co-infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and influenza A/B among patients with COVID-19(BMC Infectious Diseases) Measles (Texas Health and Human Services) 2025 Measles outbreak guidelines (New Mexico Health) BTN: Beyond the Noise with Paul Offit (microbeTV) Rubeola response (febrile) Timing of influenza antiviral therapy and risk of death in adults hospitalized with influenza-associated pneumonia, influenza hospitalization surveillance network (FluSurv-NET), 2012–2019 (CID) Mother-child dyads living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa: undetectable = undetectable? (Journal of the International AIDS Society) Early impacts of the PEPFAR stop-work order: a rapid assessment(Journal of the International AIDS Society) Prevalence, clinical management, and outcomes of adults hospitalised with endemic arbovirus illness in southeast Europe (MERMAIDS-ARBO): a prospective observational study (LANCET: Infectious Diseases) Bacterial Effects of extended anaerobic antibiotic coverage on anaerobic bloodstream infection: A multisite retrospective stud (International Journal of Infectious Diseases) The effectiveness of newer Beta-Lactams for the treatment of antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative meningitis (CID) Treatment of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a aeta-analysis of macrolides versus tetracycline (The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal) Fungal The Last of US Season 2 (YouTube) Concordance of noninvasive plasma cell-free DNA With invasive diagnostics for diagnosis of invasive fungal disease (CID) Invasive fungal infections in patients with liver disease: immunological and clinical considerations for the intensive care unit(Intensive Care Medicine) Parasitic Epidemiologic Investigation of Protozoa and soil-transmitted helminths in Starr County, Texas (American J Trop Med and Hyg) Post-artesunate delayed hemolysis in African children with severe malaria: incidence, medical impact and prevention (CID) Miscellaneous Telehealth (Medicare.gov) Public comment: IDSA guideline on management and treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (IDSA) Music is by Ronald Jenkees Information on this podcast should not be considered as medical advice.

In this episode of the Micro Binfie Podcast, host Andrew Page takes listeners to the heart of the microbial genomics hackathon in Bethesda, Maryland, for an engaging conversation with special guest Megan Phillips, a PhD student from Emory University. Megan delves into her research on Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), highlighting its fascinating dual nature as both a harmless and potentially serious pathogen. Megan discusses the complexities of tetracycline resistance, particularly focusing on plasmid-mediated mechanisms involving the pt181 plasmid. She explains how this plasmid's efflux pump, encoded by the gene tetK, contributes to variable resistance levels and the factors influencing MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) variability. Listeners will learn about the intricacies of plasmid copy numbers, their global spread across clonal complexes, and the occurrence of horizontal and vertical gene transfer. Throughout the episode, Megan shares insights on working with short-read sequencing data and the strategies she employs to detect plasmid presence using tools like BLAST. She also touches on the challenges and fascinating discoveries of tracking historical sample data and integrating findings from older research papers, showcasing her appreciation for the poetic style of scientific writing from the 1940s. For those interested in antimicrobial resistance, evolutionary microbiology, and the subtleties of bacterial genome analysis, this episode offers a compelling blend of technical details and engaging storytelling. Tune in to hear more about Megan's upcoming publications, her experiences navigating complex genomic data, and her thoughts on antimicrobial stewardship and historical perspectives on drug resistance.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.07.09.548214v1?rss=1 Authors: Crowther, A., Kashem, S., Jewell, M. E., Chang, H. L., Casillas, M. R., Midavaine, E., Rodriguez, S., Braz, J., Kania, A., Basbaum, A. Abstract: Mouse models that combine tetracycline-controlled gene expression systems and conditional genetic activation can tightly regulate transgene expression in discrete cell types and tissues. However, the commonly used Tet-Off variant, tetracycline transactivator (tTA), when overexpressed and fully active, can lead to developmental lethality, disease, or more subtle behavioral phenotypes. Here we describe a profound itch phenotype in mice expressing a genetically encoded tTA that is conditionally activated within the Phox2a lineage. Phox2a; tTA mice develop intense, localized scratching and regional skin lesions that can be controlled by the tTA inhibitor, doxycycline. As gabapentin, but not morphine, completely relieved the scratching, we consider this phenotype to result from chronic neuropathic itch, not pain. In contrast to the Phox2a lineage, mice with tTA activated within the Phox2b lineage, which has many similar areas of recombination within the nervous system, did not recapitulate the scratching phenotype. In Phox2a-Cre mice, but not Phox2b-Cre, intense Cre-dependent reporter expression was found in skin keratinocytes localized to the area of scratching-induced skin lesions. Most interestingly, topical application of the DREADD agonist, CNO, administered repeatedly over two months, which chronically induced Gi signaling in keratinocytes, completely reversed the localized scratching and skin lesions. Furthermore, ablation of TRPV1-expressing, primary afferent neurons reduced the scratching with a time course comparable to that produced by Gi-DREADD inhibition. These temporal properties suggest that the neuropathic itch condition arises not only from localized keratinocyte activation of peripheral nerves but also from a persistent, gabapentin-sensitive state of central sensitization. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

In this episode we explore ways in which the extracellular matrix can be manipulated, including the story of doxycycline, TGF-beta in Marfan syndrome and whether beta blockers can reduce vascular events in vascular EDS. ·        Intro 0:12 ·        Review of previous episode 0:28 ·        In this episode 2:26 ·        The pressure against the vessels 4:06 ·        The pressure against the wall 8:44 ·        Matrix metalloproteinases 10:16 ·        Tadpole study – collagen breakdown 10:35 ·        Tetracycline antibiotics 14:05 ·        Rat model – periodontal disease and hydroxyproline 14:24 ·        Chemically modified tetracyclines 20:14 ·        Mouse model – tetracycline use 22:00 ·        Tetracyclines and other autoimmune conditions 23:22 ·        Marfan syndrome 24:45 ·        Fibrillin and Marfan syndrome 28:48 ·        TGF-beta 29:36 ·        Mouse model – Marfan syndrome and fibrillin 31:14 ·        ARBs and TGF-beta 33:51 ·        TGF-beta and vascular EDS 37:25 ·        Back to the mouse model 38:38 ·        Protein kinase C 39:56 ·        Summary 40:26 Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures. We'd love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum. References: Bowen CJ, et al. J Clin Invest. 2020;130:686-698. Brooke BS. Lancet. 2010;doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61155-5 Dietz HC, et al. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2005;doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.30068. Dubacher N, et al. Cardiovasc Res. 2020;116:457-465. Golub LM, et al. SAGE. 1998;doi:10.1177/08959374980120010501. Gross J, et al. PNAS. 1962;doi:10.1073/pnas.48.6.1014 Habashi JP, et al. Science. 2006;312:117-121. Morissette R, et al. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2014;7:80-88. Mullen M, et al. Lancet. 2019;394:2263-2270. Neptune ER, et al. Nat Genet. 2003;33:407-411.

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name tetracycline Trade Name Doxycycline Indication treatment of infection, gonorrhea and syphilis with penicillin allergy, chronic bronchitis Action bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis Therapeutic Class anti-infectives Pharmacologic Class Tetracyclines Nursing Considerations • use caution with liver impairment • may cause pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, photosensitivity, rash • may increase effects of warfarin • assess for infection • obtain culture prior to initiating therapy • monitor renal and liver labs • instruct patient to complete entire dose

FREE NCLEX Pharmacology Review (ReMarNurse.com/RNU) for ReMar Nurse Univerisity every Monday night in June!     Take advantage of $200 off the Virtual Trainer  From $369 to $169 ONLY https://remarnurse.com/nclex-virtual-trainer/

Bodybuilding Podcast Live Oral Steroid Toxicity Dan the Bodybuilder from Thailand ULTIMATE GUIDE TO ROIDS #1 BOOK ON TRUTH IN THE HISTORY OF BODYBUILDING https://bodybuilderinthailand.com/ultimate-guide-to-roids/ Daily Text Msg Training $99/month and 1 Hour Phone Call Consult $59 Send Email to inquire about personal training to steroidspodcast@gmail.com 0:00 oral steroid toxicity symptoms 2:25 Acute effects of taking Dbol doses 4:10 being toxic on orals is not benefitting you, liver involved with all metabolic processes 6:15 more experienced bodybuilders don't use a lot of orals when bulking, mostly test and deca 9:30 The whites of your eyes when toxic on steroids 17:20 Getting caught up in the cosmetic effects of steroids versus focusing on long term muscle tissue gains 18:10 Test Enanthate Equipoise Anavar cycle 19:32 Crossfit guy who uses Trenbolone and Testosterone wondering about dosages 23:30 Getting a pump is not beneficial to sports athletes, take blood away from heart and lungs 24:57 Can all the protein you eat be absorbed 30:30 Anecdotal experiences with Exemestane 32:20 what i've noticed about protein consumption among 100% of competitive succesful bodybuilders i've spoken with 37:52 experience with modafinil 41:00 Tetracycline for acne 45:15 Grapefruit effects on bioavailability of medicine 46:47 Growth Hormone fat burning and recomposition effects 47:30 Really Shitty side effects of taking clenbuterol 52:00 How HGH burns fat - mechanism 55:25 Equipoise and "Anabolic" injectables effective dosages 59:30 Do you lose muscle on a cruise This Podcast is for entertainment and conversational purposes only. Serious Injury and Death can occur from utilizing chemical performance enhancement. This author does not support the use of illegal performance enhancing drugs. If any substances mentioned in this video are illegal in your country do not use them. The purpose of this podcast is not to glorify the use of PED's but to bring to light the reality of what athletes are doing privately. Consult a doctor before beginning any exercise or supplement routine. Do not take anything mentioned in this video as advice. It is simply conversation, not advice.

#GeekingOutSeries/Safety101/ChemicalsinFood/3This post is part of the Geeking Out series which presents data-driven information on food and farming, safety in the kitchen, practical science for cooks, cooking techniques and processes and other relevant nerdy stuff that every cook should know.  For the next few weeks, we will be covering topics from the chapter, Safety 101. This is the third of a four part series.Picture this: an expanse of lush green as far as the eye can see where cows graze in idle harmony. Nearby, chickens cheerfully pick at blades of grass and cow dung for their bug buffet, fertilizing their patch of pasture as they break up the bovine manure and deposit a bit of their own little black gold. The contented lowing and clucking of cattle and poultry accompanied by a gentle breeze completes the sensory experience for this bucolic paradise. Hogwash.This is the sort of fantasy Big Agri wants us to believe when we pick up their neatly-packaged chunks of meat in Styrofoam containers.  And while there are some farms that pasture animals free range like the one above, they are few and far between. Most meat and poultry found in supermarkets never had lifestyles this lavish. Here’s the reality check.Remember that BigAgri is all about the bottom line, which means maximizing efficiency and lowering costs. That translates to beef manipulation that begins prior to conception with cows treated with hormones that regulate the timing of conception so that calves are born within days of each other. The calves spend the first seven to nine months grazing on grass and then are taken to a Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO), which can be feedlots or windowless buildings housing hundreds to millions of animals.Jo Robinson described in a 2008 article from Mother Earth News:“Upon arrival at the feedlot, the stressed, thirsty and hungry calves are herded down chutes and subjected to a number of procedures, which can include dehorning, castration, branding and tagging. Then they are dewormed and vaccinated against various diseases. A common practice is to mix antibiotics with the feed, whether the now-stressed animals show signs of illness or not. Tetracycline, an antibiotic important for humans, is one of the most commonly used medications.Lastly, the calves are implanted with pellets that contain growth-promoting steroid hormones that lose their effectiveness in a matter of months. Many animals are given new implants of higher potency to replace them. The aggressive use of hormone implants can add 110 pounds of lean meat or more to a calf. Every dollar invested in implants returns five to 10 dollars in added gain for each animal in the six to 12 months they spend in the feedlot.”Meanwhile, the calves are shifted from grass to a high- grain diet to fatten them further.  Remember our earlier discussion on Roundup’s glyphosate being used on GMO produce like corn and soybeans?   GMO crops are principally grown for livestock feed, so everything we said that was bad about Roundup, including glyphosate, will be present in industrialized meat.  Besides GMO crops, animal waste (blood, offal, dead animals) are recycled in a process called rendering and is part of livestock feed. The (barely) good news is, as of 1997, the FDA regulated against feeding cattle euthanized dogs and cats (as well as other mammals) as a preventive measure against mad cow’s disease and other diseases transferred from sick animals. However, the rule doesn’t apply to poultry.  Speaking of which, in a 2012 study on rendered poultry feather meal sold as fertilizers and animal feed, multiple pharmaceuticals were found including Prozac, Benadryl, acetaminophen and personal care products. Grain (not to mention all the other offending ingredients) is not a natural diet for ruminants like cattle, which makes them sick. The stress of being tightly confined in pens hooves-deep in pathogen-rich manure makes them sick.  What to do with sick animals?  Give them antibiotics.  The prevalence of antibiotics in food we consume is partly to blame for the antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria that plague us today.  In 2017, the FDA banned the use of antibiotics used purely for growth promotion, but using it for “disease prevention” is allowed. Where money is concerned, and that’s $111 billion-strong in 2017, the livestock industry is going to find a way.There are other chemicals that are routinely part of Big Agri meat and poultry besides those already mentioned.  This is but the tip of the iceberg.  Europe banned US beef in 1989 due to the use of growth hormones and it’s only recently that they’re allowing exports of hormone-free beef.  However, chickens are still banned due to the use of chlorine baths (used for disinfection) which may hide unsanitary practices.With that said, nothing is written in stone.  In a capitalist economy where profit rules, it’s important to understand how Big Agri can be persuaded to make salutary changes.  It’s rarely because of altruistic reasons.  Consider these recent developments in the porcine world.Until recently, US pork was banned in China, the world’s largest producer and consumer of pork. Why? 60-80% of US pigs are given ractopamine, a feed additive that builds muscle instead of fat, which means bigger pigs, which means extra dollars.  Ractopamine is banned in 160 countries, including in Europe due to concerns over adverse effects in humans.  With the exception of Smithfield which phased out ractopamine in its pig production soon after it was acquired by China’s WH Group in 2013, most hog producers use this drug which “has resulted in more reports of sickened or dead pigs than any other livestock drug on the market.”  So even when China lost more than half of its favorite meat to the African swine fever of 2018-19 (about a quarter of the world’s pigs), it still refused to import US pork.  But the vast demand for pork that just opened up-- more than double the total US production, has proved too tempting for producers now scrambling to fill it.  Food giant, JBS USA which holds the Swift and Swift Premium brands was first to blink and announced in the latter part of 2019 that it will ban ractopamine in its pork.  Tyson followed suit with a similar announcement made within weeks.  I thought it interesting the company tried to put an altruistic spin on economic motives with its news release title, “Tyson to Help Meet Growing Demand for U.S. Pork by Prohibiting Ractopamine Use.” But you can read between the lines--- Tyson will ban ractopamine so it can sell to China and make more money. Early in 2020, Spam producer Hormel joined in the fray, announcing it will eliminate ractopamine from their supply chain by April of the year. To be continued…Coming up next in part 4: Sugar Additives and Ultra-Processed Foods      Interested to learn more? Read my companion posts on Cooking Subversive:“I’ll Have The Poison on the Side Please” : Chemicals in our Foodpart 1: Chemical Fertilizers, Herbicides and Pesticidespart 2: And Then There’s RoundupI Cook to Reclaim My Health Get full access to Cooking Subversive at cookingsubversive.substack.com/subscribe

Please Leave a Review!    THIS EPISODE COUNTS FOR CE! - but read the disclaimers it might not count for your state. Go here to take the test and get your free CE Credit!   Joining Andrew and Michelle on today's episode is Dr. Robert MacLean, DVM and Dr. Erin Ribka, DVM here to discuss animal oral health. Dr. Ribka is an owner and veterinarian at Veterinary Dental Specialties & Oral Surgery and Dr. MacLean is the senior veterinarian at the Audubon Nature Institute. They both graduated from the School of Veterinary Medicine at University of Wisconsin. Together, our hosts and guests discuss a variety of topics including the similarities in animal dentistry and human dentistry, dental issues in veterinary medicine, and pain management.   In today's episode, we learn about our guests' backgrounds and how they know each other, the lack of training in dentistry for most veterinarians, the importance of feeding correctly to prevent dental issues, and the stories of various experiences they've had with their patients. The episode rounds off with a discussion about the similarities in instruments used in animal dentistry with those used in human dentistry, and the sterilization of instruments they use.   EPISODE HIGHLIGHTS:   Interview starts: 5:48     -   The path to becoming a veterinarian -   Dr. Ribka's interest in dentistry -   How Dr. MacLean got into being a veterinarian for the zoo  -   Why do veterinarians need dentistry training? -   The two tracks available in the American Veterinary dental college -   Dental issues in veterinary medicine -   Using Chlorhexidine for animal teeth -   What animals regenerate teeth? -   The importance of correct feeding for malocclusion prevention -   Pain management in veterinary dental care -   The etiology in wild animals vs companion pets -   What are the similarities in instruments used for human teeth and animal teeth? -   How to clean and sterilize instruments used in veterinary dentistry   QUOTES:   “Different veterinary specialties have different lengths, residencies, and different requirements.”   “We certainly recognize that in zoo medicine, that we these days, really try to rely on available experts to assist us so we make sure we get procedures done efficiently and correctly for the animals.”   “We have done, as veterinarians, not a very good job of training veterinarians in dentistry.”   “Dentistry is what got me into veterinary medicine.”   “Periodontal disease in small animal patients is the number one disease - more than obesity, more than anything else.”   “Most zoo veterinarians have at least some basic knowledge of extractions.”   “Tetracycline has also been used as a biomarker to age animals.”   “We got a couple of years more lifespan on these animals if we tried to periodically float their teeth and manage their dental arcades.”   “As soon as I passed that first exam, I forgot everything I had to know about rabbits.”   “Education is absolutely key and if people understand why I want to extract the tooth or why this tooth needs a root canal, then they're more accepting of the cost because it's not cheap.”   “Periodontal disease in companion pets has gotten much worse because of the way we breed them.”   “We see more dental issues in our older animals.”   “There are fewer than 200 veterinary dentists in the world.”       LINKS:     Donate to Audubon Nature Institute    Dr. MacLean's LinkedIn   Dr. Ribka's LinkedIn   Audubon Nature Institute   Veterinary Dental Specialties & Oral Surgery   A Tale of Two Hygienists Podcast   A Tale of Two Hygienists homepage   AToTH on Facebook   AToTH on Instagram   AToTH on LinkedIn   ATOTH's Linktree Page Michelle's Facebook Page

Please Leave a Review!    THIS EPISODE COUNTS FOR CE! - but read the disclaimers it might not count for your state. Go here to take the test and get your free CE Credit!   Joining Andrew and Michelle on today's episode is Dr. Robert MacLean, DVM and Dr. Erin Ribka, DVM here to discuss animal oral health. Dr. Ribka is an owner and veterinarian at Veterinary Dental Specialties & Oral Surgery and Dr. MacLean is the senior veterinarian at the Audubon Nature Institute. They both graduated from the School of Veterinary Medicine at University of Wisconsin. Together, our hosts and guests discuss a variety of topics including the similarities in animal dentistry and human dentistry, dental issues in veterinary medicine, and pain management.   In today's episode, we learn about our guests' backgrounds and how they know each other, the lack of training in dentistry for most veterinarians, the importance of feeding correctly to prevent dental issues, and the stories of various experiences they've had with their patients. The episode rounds off with a discussion about the similarities in instruments used in animal dentistry with those used in human dentistry, and the sterilization of instruments they use.   EPISODE HIGHLIGHTS:   Interview starts: 5:48     -   The path to becoming a veterinarian -   Dr. Ribka's interest in dentistry -   How Dr. MacLean got into being a veterinarian for the zoo  -   Why do veterinarians need dentistry training? -   The two tracks available in the American Veterinary dental college -   Dental issues in veterinary medicine -   Using Chlorhexidine for animal teeth -   What animals regenerate teeth? -   The importance of correct feeding for malocclusion prevention -   Pain management in veterinary dental care -   The etiology in wild animals vs companion pets -   What are the similarities in instruments used for human teeth and animal teeth? -   How to clean and sterilize instruments used in veterinary dentistry   QUOTES:   “Different veterinary specialties have different lengths, residencies, and different requirements.”   “We certainly recognize that in zoo medicine, that we these days, really try to rely on available experts to assist us so we make sure we get procedures done efficiently and correctly for the animals.”   “We have done, as veterinarians, not a very good job of training veterinarians in dentistry.”   “Dentistry is what got me into veterinary medicine.”   “Periodontal disease in small animal patients is the number one disease - more than obesity, more than anything else.”   “Most zoo veterinarians have at least some basic knowledge of extractions.”   “Tetracycline has also been used as a biomarker to age animals.”   “We got a couple of years more lifespan on these animals if we tried to periodically float their teeth and manage their dental arcades.”   “As soon as I passed that first exam, I forgot everything I had to know about rabbits.”   “Education is absolutely key and if people understand why I want to extract the tooth or why this tooth needs a root canal, then they're more accepting of the cost because it's not cheap.”   “Periodontal disease in companion pets has gotten much worse because of the way we breed them.”   “We see more dental issues in our older animals.”   “There are fewer than 200 veterinary dentists in the world.”       LINKS:     Donate to Audubon Nature Institute    Dr. MacLean's LinkedIn   Dr. Ribka's LinkedIn   Audubon Nature Institute   Veterinary Dental Specialties & Oral Surgery   A Tale of Two Hygienists Podcast   A Tale of Two Hygienists homepage   AToTH on Facebook   AToTH on Instagram   AToTH on LinkedIn   ATOTH's Linktree Page Michelle's Facebook Page

The exciting conclusion to Chapter Two: Renal Circulation and Glomerular Filtration Rate - Determinants of GFR - First step in making urine is separation of an ultrafiltrate - Governed by starling forces - Balance of hydraulic and osmotic forces - GFR = LpS (P gc – P us - Osmotic Pressure Cap p) - Normal GFR 95 in women, 120 in men - Cap Hydrolic pressure remains constant - glom cap Oncotic progressively rises - Due to filtration of protein free fluid (protein concentration rises in the capillary) - Filtration gradient begins at 13 mmHg and falls to zero after filtration of 20% or RPF! - GFR is capped at 20% of RPF called filtration equilibrium - So GFR is dependent on RPF, unless you can change glomerular hydraulic pressure - Glomerular hydraulic pressure is controlled by balance of twin arteriole (afferent and efferent) - Constriction of afferent arteriole reduces RPF, GFR, and glom pressure - Dilation of afferent arteriole increases RPF, GFR, and glom pressure - Constriction of the efferent arteriole increases Glom pressure, increasing GFR - Besides glom hydrostatic pressure the other starlings forces are rarely relevant to changes in GFRLetty says: referred to this NEJM review article later JC thought she was referring to something else -see #2- and then Roger referred to this again)Normotensive Acute Renal Failure from Gary Abuelo in NEJM 2007. https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMra064398 (note in this article, Dr. Abuelo acknowledges the newer terminology of the time, AKI rather than ARF but chooses not to embrace it). In figure 2, he highlights the classic examples of how autoregulation can be affected. In the table, additional examples are provided but all within the framework of alterations related to autoregulation and the interplay between the two resistance vessels.- Regulation of GFR - Autoregulation - The ability to keep glomerular pressure constant over wide range of systemic arterial pressure - When pressure < 70 autoregulation fails and GFR will fall with decreases in systemic pressure - When pressure falls below 40-50 GFR ceases - At least some of this autoregulation is mediated with Ang2. Giving ACEi markedly disrupts autoregulation - Nitric oxide, not important - TGF - Chloride in macula densa - Blocked by furosemide - Group affect of nephrons - Ang 2 sensitizes - Adenosine mediates - Function of TGF - 90% of filtrate is reabsobed in PT and LOH - 10% is reabsobed dismally - Need to control the amount of fluid delivered distally to prevent overwhelming the resorptive capacity of the distal nephron - Talks about acute renal success without naming it (but did reference it) - Mentions glucosuria blunts TGF. Hmmm... - Neurohormonal influences - Volume changes in ang2, sympathetic NS - Role of PGE - Interesting discussion of change of the nephrons perfumed with volume depletion, shifting of blood from outer coretex to inner medullary cortical gloms with their long loops - Dopamine and ANP both increased with volume up - Dopamine causes vasodilation of afferent and efferent arteriole - ANP causes afferent vasodilation and efferent vasodilation constriction, increasing GFR without affecting RPF - Glomerular hemodynamics and renal failure - Decreased glomerular mass results in hyperfiltration of remaining gloms - Mediated through afferent vasodilationJC talks about this classic study in critical care: High vs. Low blood pressure target in Septic Shock. https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1312173In this multi-center open label trial of 776 patients randomized to either a MAP of 65-70 or 80-85 with the primary endpoint of mortality. There was no difference in mortality at 28 days between the two groups (but a small difference in AKI in the patients who had chronic HTN- in the higher BP target, there was a decrease in need for RRT; there was also a higher incidence of afib in the high target group overall). - Results in compensation and stable GFR in short term, long term maladaptive - Reason for ACEi- Clinical Evaluation of Renal Circulation - Concept of clearance and measurement of GFR - GFR as an index of functioning renal mass - Had a patient today s/p nephrotomy, 72 years old, Cr0.9!Melanie referred to this article in Circulation which demonstrates that SGLT2 inhibitors do decrease single nephron GFR (in mice) and that this is related to a decrease in the afferent arteriole diameter and then they show that this is related to a local increase in adenosine. Kidokoro K, Cherney DZI et al. Evaluation of glomerular hemodynamic function by empagliflozin in diabetic mice using in vivo imaging Circulation 140 (4) 2019https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037418 - Fall in GFR earlier and only sign of renal disease - Serial monitoring is used to assess severity and follow the course of disease - GFR is useful for dosing drugs - How to measure GFR - Consider fructose polysaccharide inulin (love the parenthetical, not insulin) - Inulin filtered = inulin excreted - Filtered inulin = plasma inulin concentration x GFR - Inulin excreted = urine concentration x urine volume - Use Alber a to get GFR = [Urine]insulin x urine volume / [plasma]inulin - GFR = inulin clearance - There is not an available assay for inulin - Creatinine clearance - Freely filtered - Not reanbsorbed - Not metabolized - Small amount excreted - CrCl exceeds GFR by 10-20%Roger says the SGLT2 inhibitor story is about the afferent arteriole and he thought it reminded him of the MDRD study and the concept that the lower protein intake would be protective and delay the progression of CKD. The concept was that low protein diets would decrease glomerular pressure by decreasing the intake of amino acids that lead to arteriolar vasodilation and increased GFR. Klaur S, Levey AS et al. The effects of Dietary Protein Restirciton and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. NEJM 1994 330:877-884. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejm199403313301301 - Compensated for by noncreatinine chromogens (acetone proteins, as Orbi acid, pyruvate) that over estimate Cr by 10-20% - Cr Cl = [Urine]cr x urine volume / [Plasma]cr - Two major limitations - Incomplete collections - 20-25 mg/kg in adult men - 15-20 mg/kg in adult womenThe term “Acute renal success” comes from Thurau K and Boylan JW. Acute renal success. The unexpected logic of oliguria in acute renal failure. Am J Med 1976 61(3): 3038-15. - Falls by 50% from age 50 to 90 to 10 mg/kg - Increased tubular secretion with decreased kidney function - GFR of 40-80 cr secretion may account for as much as 35% of creatinine excretion - In some cases CrCl can exceed GFR by a factor of 2 - Give cimetidine 1200 mg! - It is important to appreciate however that exact knowledge of GFR is not required. More important to know if GFR is changing - Why is radio labeling the solution DTPA and iothalamate? - Talks about the reality of progressive disease despite stable GFR and CrCl - On to plasma Cr and GFRIf you think placing dialysis lines is too easy, here is a wonderful review of micropuncture technique in the kidneys by Volker Vallon.Micropuncturing the Nephron. Pflugers Arch 2009 458(1): 189-201. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954491/ - Creatinine excretion = creatinine production (and this is constant) - Creatinine excretion = [Cr] x GFR = constant - If GFR falls in half, creatinine excretion will fall in half, while creatinine production remains the same, so creatinine will rise and rise until [Cr] x GFR = creatinine production and then it will level off. - Changes in creatinine load - High protein diet can increase it - Vegetarian diet can decrease itJC brought up studies on fenoldopam, of which there are many. This is one such study in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. JAMA 2014 Bove T et al. Effect of fenoldopam on use of renal replacement therapy among patients with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25265449/ - Cooked meat can increase Cr by 1 mg/dL - Talks about need for steady state to assess GFR - Talks about the curvilinear relationship - Then he talks Cockcroft GaultThe one, the only: The Cockcroft Gault: Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 16: 31–41, 1976 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1244564/ - Cirrhosis masks kidney insufficiency, low meat intake, low BUN production - Can someone explain what we are supposed to take from figure 2-12 - Stable Cr does not mean stable kidney diseaseRoger describes the study design for the seminal paper on the use of ACE inhibitors to slow the decline in renal function in diabetic kidney disease (then called diabetic nephropathy) and the decision to use the doubling of the serum creatinine as an endpoint. Lewis EJ The effect of Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy NEJM 1993 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199311113292004 - Ketoacidosis can raise the Cr 0.5 to 2.0mg/dL - On to BUN - Destination of amino acids produces ammonia - We detoxify ammonia by converting to urea - Increased with increased protein load - Increased catabolismMelanie mentioned an old study on ingestion of expired blood: Cohen TD. Induced azotemia in humans following massive protein and blood ingestion and the mechanism of azotemia in gastrointestinal hemorrhage. AM J Med Sci 1956 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13302213/ - Tetracycline causes decreased anabolism - Trauma - Steroids - Urea excretion is variable and tied to hydration and FF - Renal plasma flow and PAH

00:00 - Intro, feedback on episodes, vaccines, somethings are worth than death 06:26 - Mission statement for solo streams 09:58 - Charcoal, persorption, Gerhard Volkheimer 12:33 - Calcium deposits 13:14 - Tetracycline danger? 13:48 - What self-experiments is Danny currently doing? 15:52 - Danny's preferred seven supplements 18:17 - Bitcoin 19:16 - Danny's preferred seven foods 20:45 - What's required for hair regrowth? 23:49 - Expanding on the bioenergetic view of baldness? 26:34 - How to minimize or mitigate EMF harm? 28:43 - Ray Peat inspired vegan diet? 30:53 - How much progesterone and DHEA is Danny experimenting with? 32:10 - Panic attacks 33:16 - Microdosing, water, prolactin, too much liquid? 36:36 - Decreased need for thyroid overtime? Can thyroid supplementation cause nutrient deficiencies? 40:03 - What is Danny's preferred thyroid? 41:21 - Calcium carbonate, eggshell calcium 42:23 - Porn, masturbation, metabolism 44:27 - Flatulence, SIBO, digestion, thyroid 48:02 - Topical vitamins application vs. absorption 53:34 - Recommended dose for minocycline 54:39 - Raw carrot with or without meal? 55:31 - Is erythromycin a safe antibiotic? 56:42 - Are live youtube streams easy to do? 58:21 - Natural forms of thyroid vs. synthetics 59:02 - Vitamin D, calcium, vitamin K 01:00:30 - Leo Wik, Kyle Mamounis, desiccated liver pills 01:03:41 - Fructose intolerance, SIBO 01:04:51 - Bleeding gums SIBO, vitamin E, cocoa allergy 01:06:05 - Is A1 milk inflammatory? 01:07:13 - Transitioning off carnivore 01:08:12 - Amber O'Hearn, carnivore, stress, glucagon, cortisol, gluconeogenesis, pyruvate dehydrogenase, adrenaline, cholesterol

Tooth Staining: Awareness of Oral Health Effects of Tetracycline and Minocycline By Lara James, RDH Original article published on Today's RDH: https://www.todaysrdh.com/tooth-staining-awareness-of-oral-health-effects-of-tetracycline-and-minocycline/ Podcast audio article sponsored by LISTERINE® brand. Be the first to know the latest from LISTERINE® brand when you join LISTERINE® OFFICE ESSENTIALS® Program at http://rdh.tv/listerine. LISTERINE® OFFICE ESSENTIALS® Program offers exciting new content that explores topics meaningful and relevant to your practice, including tips on communicating with your patients, as well as ideas to help you grow your dental practice. Please note, although a sponsor of this audio article, LISTERINE® Brand and Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. had no input into or control over the content being presented. Get daily dental hygiene articles at https://www.todaysrdh.com Follow Today's RDH on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TodaysRDH/ Follow Kara RDH on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DentalHygieneKaraRDH/ Follow Kara RDH on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kara_rdh/

Tetracycline antibiotics are like the Snickers of dermatology. Instead of “Hungry? Grab a Snickers,” “Acne? Grab a tetracycline…” for months even though this goes against clinical guidelines and concerns regarding... The post New Developments in Tetracycline-class Antibiotics appeared first on JDDonline - Journal of Drugs in Dermatology.

 Este es Medical commons un podcast de la academia de atención Primaria para el mejoramiento de la calidad de la atención en salud de las Américas, a continuación intentaremos dar una revisión sistemática por los temas mayormente  preguntados en los exámenes de residencias médicas en Colombia y que frecuentemente son motivo de consulta en atención primaria.  Todas las decisiones médicas y recomendaciones aquí expresadas deben de ser comparadas con la información académica oficial y jamás deben de ser tomados como un absoluto, los actos médicos derivados de estos audios son responsabilidad de aquellos que ejercen. La mayoría de los hospitales tienen un comité de medicamentos compuesto por médicos y farmacéuticos que se aseguran de que el uso de vancomicina se realice en circunstancias controladas. De hecho, en muchos hospitales, es necesario solicitar el permiso del experto en enfermedades infecciosas o del farmacéutico antes de utilizar vancomicina. La vancomicina es uno de los pocos medicamentos que todavía son activos contra MRSA. El otro problema con la vancomicina es que las concentraciones del fármaco requieren vigilancia, ya que es tanto ototóxico como nefrotóxico; el farmacéutico debe asegurarse de que el proveedor de atención médica ordene las concentraciones séricas del medicamento. El personal médico debe comprobar estas concentraciones y ajustar la dosis en función de la función renal. La enfermera es probablemente la primera persona en ver el pedido de vancomicina y siempre debe hablar con el farmacéutico para determinar si el pedido es apropiado. El farmacéutico debe verificar el registro de administración de medicamentos del paciente antes de dar luz verde. Finalmente, la enfermera debe educar al paciente sobre los efectos secundarios de la vancomicina como el síndrome de Redman y la posibilidad de disfunción renal y del oído. Sin un enfoque de equipo, el uso empírico de vancomicina hará que el fármaco sea inútil para la mayoría de las infecciones.   Referencia   Shutter MC, Akhondi H. Tetracycline. [Updated 2020 Jul 6]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549905/     Este podcast se distribuye bajo los términos de Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ), que permite su uso, duplicación, adaptación, distribución y reproducción en cualquier medio o formato, siempre que otorgue el crédito apropiado al autor o autores originales y la fuente, se proporciona un enlace a la licencia Creative Commons, y se indican los cambios realizados.

  Hi, I’m Teen Angel, Bruce Hilliard here and this is a throwback episode taking you back to the fifties and into the sixties. Here’s what happened in 1955. (http://bettereachday.me/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/download-5.jpg) *Rock and Roll gets its name. Disneyland and McDonald’s open. *Steve Jobs and Bill Gates were born. Albert Einstein died. *Tetracycline and polio vaccine invented. *Rosa Parks was arrested for riding on a bus.  All of that in 1955. And onto the the rest of that decade:  *Elvis appeared on Ed Sullivan with his first hit Heartbreak Hotel. *USSR launches Sputnik. Frisbees and Hula Hoops. *Newly formed NASA launches the first American satellite. *First TransAtlantic jetliner service takes flight. Microchip invented. *Alaska and Hawaii become states. Barbie dolls. (http://bettereachday.me/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/images-1.jpg) There was no JFK in the White House yet and Ringo had not yet joined John, Paul and George. I was born in 1955 and by the time I was in high school American Graffiti, Happy Days and Sha Na Na were on the list of retros bringing back the colorful years of jukeboxes and saddle shoes. One of my first garage bands was one of those nostalgia 50s groups. It was my high school years and we were Denny and the Chadwicks. We played the songs that were being played on the radio while we were in diapers up through kindergarten. This is another one of those lost recordings from decades ago that just recently resurfaced via the recording engineer and backing vocalist, brother Gary Hilliard. I hope you enjoy this. The song: A 1960 hit by Mark Dinning called Teen Angel. Thank you so much for listening and remembering a time equally fraught with perils. Somehow we made it though. And for you that weren’t around for it? Enjoy 2020. This will be a year, and the start of a decade for the books. Take care of yourself, take care of others and make it a good day. Support this podcast

  Hi, I’m Teen Angel, Bruce Hilliard here and this is a throwback episode taking you back to the fifties and into the sixties. Here’s what happened in 1955. (http://bettereachday.me/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/download-5.jpg) *Rock and Roll gets its name. Disneyland and McDonald’s open. *Steve Jobs and Bill Gates were born. Albert Einstein died. *Tetracycline and polio vaccine invented. *Rosa Parks was arrested for riding on a bus.  All of that in 1955. And onto the the rest of that decade:  *Elvis appeared on Ed Sullivan with his first hit Heartbreak Hotel. *USSR launches Sputnik. Frisbees and Hula Hoops. *Newly formed NASA launches the first American satellite. *First TransAtlantic jetliner service takes flight. Microchip invented. *Alaska and Hawaii become states. Barbie dolls. (http://bettereachday.me/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/images-1.jpg) There was no JFK in the White House yet and Ringo had not yet joined John, Paul and George. I was born in 1955 and by the time I was in high school American Graffiti, Happy Days and Sha Na Na were on the list of retros bringing back the colorful years of jukeboxes and saddle shoes. One of my first garage bands was one of those nostalgia 50s groups. It was my high school years and we were Denny and the Chadwicks. We played the songs that were being played on the radio while we were in diapers up through kindergarten. This is another one of those lost recordings from decades ago that just recently resurfaced via the recording engineer and backing vocalist, brother Gary Hilliard. I hope you enjoy this. The song: A 1960 hit by Mark Dinning called Teen Angel. Thank you so much for listening and remembering a time equally fraught with perils. Somehow we made it though. And for you that weren’t around for it? Enjoy 2020. This will be a year, and the start of a decade for the books. Take care of yourself, take care of others and make it a good day. Support this podcast

This week we learn about a motley crew of great scientists and researchers, including Yellapragada Subbarao, Benjamin Duggar, and Alexander Finlay, from numerous companies, who all work to bring us our first antibiotics that target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Aureomycin StructureTerramycin StructureWebsite: http://thehistoryofmedicine.buzzsprout.com/E-mail: thehistoryofmedicinepodcast@gmail.comFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheHistoryOfMedicine/Transcripts and Sources here!

Tetracycline has a tetratogenic effect in pregnancy, it causes dental stain in children and even skeletal deformity.

The post Tetracycline (Doxycycline) Nursing Pharmacology Considerations appeared first on NURSING.com.

This week, we talk about the rise of antibiotic resistant bacteria. We cover bacterial infection, types of antibiotics and how antibiotic resistance typically comes about to different types of antiobiotics. We also discuss ways individuals can combat antibiotic resistance. Special guest Dr. Azam Anwar discusses his line of skin care products (CLn Skin Care) to reduce bacterial load on your skin.Two example articles about antibiotic resistance to Sulfonamide and Tetracycline.

Teething Teething is mostly known as the phase of babies growing their first teeth.  Eruption is when the tooth enamel shows through the gum tissue.  A baby's first teeth grow in between 6 months and 2 years old.  Before any of the teeth show, the gums can be swollen and bumpy.  These symptoms can cause fussiness, sleeplessness, drooling, decreased appetite, excessive chewing, and overall grumpiness.  A few controversial symptoms include fever, diarrhea, and rash. A fever less than 100.4*F can be indicative of inflammation going on, which can be true for some teething babies.  Diarrhea is blamed on excessive saliva ending up in the digestive tract (eh, many things can change the consistency of a baby's poop, especially in the early stages where they're only drinking milk or just learning to eat new foods).  A rash is a little more questionable, but can also be a result of inflammation going on. Treatments Treatments for teething babies include Infant's Tylenol or Infant's Ibuprofen (for children older than 6 months).  Other medications that used to be recommended for teething babies were Teething Tablets and Orajel.  An active ingredient in the Teething Tablets is Belladonna.  This medication can constrict blood vessels, which is good when there's inflammation (increased blood flow) to an area, but bad when baby's blood vessels are already tiny and they need to get blood to very important places (i.e. the brain).   The bottom line is that Belladonna can decrease the amount of blood, and therefore oxygen to a baby's brain, and the outcome can potentially be SIDS. This is also true of Benzocaine, the ingredient in Orajel.  Benzocaine is a topical numbing agent.  The key word here is topical.  It is not intended to circulate in the body.  The problem comes when you use a TOPICAL product in your mouth, you can't help but swallow some of it.  When Benzocaine is swallowed, it can cause a serious side effect that involved decreased oxygen in the blood.  Again, if oxygen doesn't get to important places in the baby's body, bad things can happen. PSA: NO Belladonna and NO Benzocaine for babies! Plaque Your teeth are covered in a biofilm that is mostly made up of bacteria. That bacteria can compromise the seal that is formed between healthy teeth and healthy gums.  If this seal is breached by bacteria, then infection and gum disease (gingivitis) can occur. Tartar Plaque can harden, and when it does, it becomes known as tartar.  Mouth bacteria eat the sugars in the food that gets stuck in the crevices of your teeth.  A waste product of this process is lactic acid, and lactic acid can actually dissolve enamel of your teeth.  Minor erosion can be repaired by your body.  The problem is that saliva cannot break through the plaque. Cavities Tooth decay is the result of long-term enamel erosion that can't be repaired by the body.  If the erosion is deep enough, it can expose the softer parts of the tooth to irritants and injury.  When this happens, the only way to repair and protect the tooth is to get a filling from your dentist. *womp womp* Discoloration Extrinsic stains are when substances change the tooth color from the outside. So this is how coffee, tea, wine, and tobacco can make the teeth yellow or brown.  Also, certain bacteria, excessive chlorophyll, or excess copper and nickel can make the teeth look green. Intrinsic stains are when the building blocks of teeth are altered and changes the color from the inside.  Tetracycline antibiotics have been a common treatment for acne in teenagers for quite a long time.  It is well-documented that these antibiotics can bind up free calcium in the body.  Therefore, it is not recommended for pregnant women or children younger than 8 years old to use these medications.  There are many cases of developing fetuses and children with quickly-developing teeth ending up with grey or brown teeth due to this missing calcium (remember, calcium built into the enamel is what makes it white). Injuries A chipped tooth is when a part of the enamel breaks away.  A fractured tooth is when a crack involves the enamel and the dentin.  An abscess is an infection in the gum around the tooth or in the accessible or exposed pulp of a tooth.  Luxation is a dislocated tooth, and may or may not include injury to the periodontal ligaments or jawbones. Dental Trauma Guidelines Connect with me Support us on Patreon Give us your Feedback Join the Pharmacist Answers Podcast Community on Facebook Subscribe: iTunes, Stitcher, GooglePlay, TuneIn Radio Like the Facebook page Music Credits: Up In My Jam (All Of A Sudden) by - Kubbi https://soundcloud.com/kubbiCreative Commons — Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported— CC BY-SA 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b...Music provided by Audio Library https://youtu.be/tDexBj46oNI

Your Guide to Ending Acne

Your Guide to Ending Acne

Dr. DiTolla exhibits one of his own cases as he uses BruxZir on a patient with tetracycline staining. Originally aired on Chairside Live episode 41

One of Dr. DiTolla's own tetracycline cases is discussed. Originally aired on Chairside Live episode 29

See how utilizing BruxZir® Solid Zirconia in tetracycline cases can mask the staining, as well as correct an edge-to-edge bite. Watch as Dr. DiTolla explores the solution for such a case that came with an odd request from the dentist.

Tetracycline podcast from Chemistry World - the magazine of the Royal Society of Chemistry

Voluntary 14-day Withdrawal Period for all Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline and Chlortetracycline Products

Dr. DiTolla treats a patient who is unhappy with the appearance of her porcelain veneers. The veneers are very opaque due to the fact that she has deep tetracycline staining throughout the entire tooth. Dr. DiTolla makes the decision that this type of case is well suited for Captek™ crowns. And because the teeth have already been prepped for veneers, it will not require much additional preparation. The patient, however, wants to try one more set of veneers prior to switching to crowns. Watch this clinical video to find out which restoration ends up providing the better esthetic result.

Until today, the pathogenesis of rosacea is not known in detail. Yet in recent years evidence has been accumulating that rosacea with its common symptoms such as inflammatory lesions, erythema, telangiectasia, phymatous changes, and ocular symptoms is of inflammatory nature. Tetracycline derivatives like doxycycline successfully used in the treatment of skin diseases like acne and rosacea seem to inhibit different inflammatory pathways involved in the pathogenesis by various modes of action. Although data for skin diseases are relatively scanty, the following modes of action of tetracyclines seem to be most relevant for an effective treatment of acne and rosacea: inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, downmodulation of cytokines, inhibition of cell movement and proliferation, inhibition of granuloma formation, inhibition of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and angiogenesis, whereas inhibition of phospholipase A2 seems to be of lower importance. The role of the saprophytic mite Demodex folliculorum remains to be clarified. Additional studies are necessary to further elucidate how tetracyclines work in rosacea treatment. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel

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Investigations on the effects of Rare earth Element Citrates on growth promoting parameters in pigs and on ruminal fermentation in an artificial rumen (RUSITEC) For decades Rare Earth Elements, such as lanthanum, cerium, and praseodymium have been used in Chinese agriculture and farming for yield increase and growth promoting effects. Many Chinese studies showed partly enormous growth promoting effects whereas the most spectacular is seen in poultry and pig production. Several feeding trials with Rare Earth Elements were already carried out in our working group. So far mineral salt chlorides were used in previous studies. In the present study we tested for the first time the effects of Rare Earth Elements Citrate in grower pigs as well as in an in vitro trial in ruminants. A feeding study with 28 piglets (German Landrace x Piétrain) was carried out. They were separated in 4 dietary groups, each containing 7 animals. These animals received a regular diet, supplemented with a mixture of Rare Earth Elements Citrate in concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg feed for a 6 week period. A positive effect of the Rare Earth Elements Citrate on fattening performance parameters was determined. In the trial period the daily body weight gain of the two high supplemented groups increased between 8.6 % to 22.6 % compared to the control group. The low dosage group showed no difference. An increase in the feed conversion rate from 2 % to 6 % was shown in all Rare Earth Elements supplemented groups. This indicates that within the pig feeding highly increased growth-promoting effects were determined when supplemented with Rare Earth Elements Citrate compared with the studies in which the chloride form was used. The study on possible effects of Rare Earth Elements in ruminal fermentation was carried out with the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC), an artificial rumen. The effect of Rare Earth Elements in different dosages was compared to a negative control (without supplement) and a positive control (Tetracycline). Each trial lasted for a period of 10 days. The influence on the parameters pH-value, NH3, redox potential, fatty acid pattern, and gas production was analysed. Since the ruminal fermentation was not influenced, the conclusion can be drawn, that in this respect microorganisms are not affected by Rare Earth Elements.