Podcasts about Doxycycline

TWiP solves the case of the man in the Malaysian city of Kucheng who presents with left arm swelling, and presents a new case for you to decipher. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Daniel Griffin, and Christina Naula Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Links for this episode Join the MicrobeTV Discord server Letters read on TWiP 257 New Case We are still in Kuching, Malaysia in the northern part of the Island of Borneo. This is the Sarawak portion of Malaysia. A man in his late 30s is admitted to the hospital in December with daily fevers that last for several hours and shaking chills. He had previously been healthy with no medical problems. He lives in the city and works in an office, however, in the few weeks prior to getting admitted he was visiting the jungle. Apparently not too far outside of Kuching, one can go up into the jungle and see Orangutans. He had gone into the jungle but this was 2 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. Since then he reports no unusual exposures. He lives with his wife and children and they are all healthy. A few days prior to admission he noted fever, chills, and a headache. He is a little nauseated but no vomiting. On exam he has a fast heart rate and appears ill. His respiratory rate is increased and he is not febrile on admission but later does have fever.  No enlargement of the liver or spleen on exam. Otherwise unremarkable. His labs are notable for low white blood cells, anemia, and a platelet count of less than 50k per microL. His coagulation studies are abnormal, serum creatinine is elevated, and there is elevation of his serum aminotransferases. Become a patron of TWiP  Send your questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv Music by Ronald Jenkees

What's the problem with antibiotics anyway? On this episode of Vitality Radio, Jared passionately answers this question. There is no antibiotic that doesn't cause harm. That's not to say they don't have their place, but as Jared explains, they are almost never necessary and almost always prescribed for common problems like UTI's and sinus infections. You'll learn why many infections don't need, and won't respond to antibiotics, the ramifications of even a single dose of antibiotics, and how antibiotic superbugs are a real problem. Jared delves into why antibiotics are overused, side effects of particularly dangerous forms, and the effects on mental health and the immune system. This show will be followed with one on antibiotic alternatives and ways to rebuild your microbiome after antibiotic exposure.Additional Information:#264: Emotional Vitality: Jen's Story Part 1 - From Addiction and Mental Illness to Vitality#266: Prescribing Poisons Part 2. Ibuprofen, PPI's, and Flouroquinalone AntibioticsVisit the podcast website here: VitalityRadio.comYou can follow @vitalitynutritionbountiful and @vitalityradio on Instagram, or Vitality Radio and Vitality Nutrition on Facebook. Join us also in the Vitality Radio Podcast Listener Community on Facebook. Shop the products that Jared mentions at vitalitynutrition.com. Let us know your thoughts about this episode using the hashtag #vitalityradio and please rate and review us on Apple Podcasts. Thank you!Just a reminder that this podcast is for educational purposes only. The FDA has not evaluated the podcast. The information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The advice given is not intended to replace the advice of your medical professional.

Un nouvel épisode du Pharmascope est disponible! Dans ce 153e épisode, Nicolas, Isabelle et Olivier discutent de chlamydia et de gonorrhée. Cette deuxième partie est consacrée au traitement de ces infections. Les objectifs pour cet épisode sont les suivants: Discuter de la prise en charge de la chlamydia et de la gonorrhée.  Discuter des traitements antibiotiques de la chlamydia et de la gonorrhée.  Discuter de l'utilisation de la DOXY-PEP. Ressources pertinentes en lien avec l'épisode  Agence de la santé publique du Canada. Chlamydia, gonorrhée et syphilis infectieuse au Canada : Données de surveillance de 2021. INESSS. Guide d'usage optimal : Infection confirmée à Chlamydia trachomatis ou à Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Septembre 2024. INESSS. Guide d'usage optimal : Approche syndromique. Décembre 2024. Portail VIH/sida du Québec : Notification anonyme des partenaires. MSSS. Traitement accéléré des partenaires pour les infections à Chlamydia trachomatis et à Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Aide-mémoire pour les cliniciens. Juillet 2021. MSSS. Traitement accéléré des partenaires pour les infections à Chlamydia trachomatis et à Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Aide-mémoire pour les pharmaciens. Juillet 2021. MSSS. Carte de notification chlamydia/gonorrhée. Juillet 2021. Páez-Canro C et coll. Antibiotics for treating urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men and non-pregnant women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 25;1(1):CD010871. Lau A et coll. Azithromycin or Doxycycline for Asymptomatic Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jun 24;384(25):2418-2427. Bížová B et coll. Single-dose cefixime 800 mg plus doxycycline 100 mg twice a day for 7 days compared with single-dose ceftriaxone 1 g plus single-dose azithromycin 2 g for treatment of urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal gonorrhoea: a randomised clinical trial. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2024 Feb;30(2):211-215. Nguyen PTT et coll. Randomized controlled trial of the relative efficacy of high-dose intravenous ceftriaxone and oral cefixime combined with doxycycline for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae co-infection. BMC Infect Dis. 2022 Jul 9;22(1):607. Yang KJ et coll. Effectiveness of Cefixime for the Treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection at 3 Anatomic Sites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sex Transm Dis. 2023 Mar 1;50(3):131-137. Kirkcaldy RD et coll. The efficacy and safety of gentamicin plus azithromycin and gemifloxacin plus azithromycin as treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Oct 15;59(8):1083-91. Bachmann LH, Barbee LA, Chan P, et colll. CDC Clinical Guidelines on the Use of Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention, United States, 2024. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2024;73(2):1-8.

Thank you for joining us for our 2nd Cabral HouseCall of the weekend! I'm looking forward to sharing with you some of our community's questions that have come in over the past few weeks…   Anonymous: Hi Dr Cabral. I'm looking for advice to help my 8 year old daughter. She had a verucca last year that was persistent, it eventually cleared up with over the counter treatment. The verucca has come back this year and is really not shifting & it appears to be getting worse/larger. I have tried taping it, shop bought treatments and home remedies using garlic etc. What would you recommend? Thank you for sharing all of your wisdom.                                                                         Kirsten: Hi Dr. C! Thank you so much for what you do! I enjoy listening to your podcasts daily! I took the MTHfr test and I was told that I carry one abnormal copy of two Mthfr genes. It looks like I am heterozygous for both.. Can you explain to me what this means and what I need to do to treat it please? I also have Hashimotos but not sure if that's connected or not.Thank you!                                                                   Angie: Hello Dr. Cabral,My recent lab results indicate platelets low at 147 which is concerning. Gi Doctor said i have at two low labs and she is not concerned since it's a trend with prior labs. What could be wrong and what is your suggestion for a resolution ? Other labs - which are concerning Hemoglobin @16.5 (high) HCT @50 (high) Glucose @101 (high) And diagnosed with IBS.I appreciate any guidance. Thank you for all you do !                                                                                      Christina: Hi Dr. Cabral! First, thank you for your generosity with your knowledge & time & the team you have built around you. I'm so grateful for the community. Now to the question: 3 months ago I started eating chicken and beef again after 15 years of a pescatarian diet. I have noticed that since that time, my frequency of burping has increased. I thought maybe my microbiome and digestive system needed time to adjust, but also thought by 3 months it would have subsided. This is the only change I've made in my diet; all other habits are the same - sleep, frequency of workouts, environment, supplements, etc. The burps come on suddenly which can be sort of embarrassing and if I try to hold them in, it causes acid reflux. What do you suggest I do?                                                                                    Julianna: Hello! Thank you for reviewing my situation. I am female, age 22. As many women my age, I have been dealing with acne for a while, but got much worse around age 20 (didn't have much of a problem in high school). It appears to be fungal and comedonal acne all the time and some cystic acne around my period. Many small spots on my chin, forehead, and nostril area, sometimes in the area above my top lip. I've seen a dermatologist for the past 2 years, on Doxycycline pills, tretinoin cream, and clindamycin lotion. This helped clear my skin pretty well but not completely. I recently stopped all of these, I want to find more natural solutions to whatever is causing the acne, and the acne has, of course, come back. I try to eat clean and use low-tox products. What can I do to solve this?     Thank you for tuning into this weekend's Cabral HouseCalls and be sure to check back tomorrow for our Mindset & Motivation Monday show to get your week started off right! - - - Show Notes and Resources: StephenCabral.com/3327 - - - Get a FREE Copy of Dr. Cabral's Book: The Rain Barrel Effect - - - Join the Community & Get Your Questions Answered: CabralSupportGroup.com - - - Dr. Cabral's Most Popular At-Home Lab Tests: > Complete Minerals & Metals Test (Test for mineral imbalances & heavy metal toxicity) - - - > Complete Candida, Metabolic & Vitamins Test (Test for 75 biomarkers including yeast & bacterial gut overgrowth, as well as vitamin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Mood & Metabolism Test (Discover your complete thyroid, adrenal, hormone, vitamin D & insulin levels) - - - > Complete Food Sensitivity Test (Find out your hidden food sensitivities) - - - > Complete Omega-3 & Inflammation Test (Discover your levels of inflammation related to your omega-6 to omega-3 levels) - - - Get Your Question Answered On An Upcoming HouseCall: StephenCabral.com/askcabral - - - Would You Take 30 Seconds To Rate & Review The Cabral Concept? The best way to help me spread our mission of true natural health is to pass on the good word, and I read and appreciate every review!  

Dr. Gary Null provides a commentary on "Universal  Healthcare"       Universal Healthcare is the Solution to a Broken Medical System Gary Null, PhD Progressive Radio Network, March 3, 2025 For over 50 years, there has been no concerted or successful effort to bring down medical costs in the American healthcare system. Nor are the federal health agencies making disease prevention a priority. Regardless whether the political left or right sponsors proposals for reform, such measures are repeatedly defeated by both parties in Congress. As a result, the nation's healthcare system remains one of the most expensive and least efficient in the developed world. For the past 30 years, medical bills contributing to personal debt regularly rank among the top three causes of personal bankruptcy. This is a reality that reflects not only the financial strain on ordinary Americans but the systemic failure of the healthcare system itself. The urgent question is: If President Trump and his administration are truly seeking to reduce the nation's $36 trillion deficit, why is there no serious effort to reform the most bloated and corrupt sector of the economy? A key obstacle is the widespread misinformation campaign that falsely claims universal health care would cost an additional $2 trillion annually and further balloon the national debt. However, a more honest assessment reveals the opposite. If the US adopted a universal single-payer system, the nation could actually save up to $20 trillion over the next 10 years rather than add to the deficit. Even with the most ambitious efforts by people like Elon Musk to rein in federal spending or optimize government efficiency, the estimated savings would only amount to $500 billion. This is only a fraction of what could be achieved through comprehensive healthcare reform alone. Healthcare is the largest single expenditure of the federal budget. A careful examination of where the $5 trillion spent annually on healthcare actually goes reveals massive systemic fraud and inefficiency. Aside from emergency medicine, which accounts for only 10-12 percent of total healthcare expenditures, the bulk of this spending does not deliver better health outcomes nor reduce trends in physical and mental illness. Applying Ockham's Razor, the principle that the simplest solution is often the best, the obvious conclusion is that America's astronomical healthcare costs are the direct result of price gouging on an unimaginable scale. For example, in most small businesses, profit margins range between 1.6 and 2.5 percent, such as in grocery retail. Yet the pharmaceutical industrial complex routinely operates on markup rates as high as 150,000 percent for many prescription drugs. The chart below highlights the astronomical gap between the retail price of some top-selling patented pharmaceutical medications and their generic equivalents. Drug Condition Patent Price (per unit) Generic Price Estimated Manufacture Cost Markup Source Insulin (Humalog) Diabetes $300 $30 $3 10,000% Rand (2021) EpiPen Allergic reactions $600 $30 $10 6,000% BMJ (2022) Daraprim Toxoplasmosis $750/pill $2 $0.50 150,000% JAMA (2019) Harvoni Hepatitis C $94,500 (12 weeks) $30,000 $200 47,000% WHO Report (2018) Lipitor Cholesterol $150 $10 $0.50 29,900% Health Affairs (2020) Xarelto Blood Thinner $450 $25 $1.50 30,000% NEJM (2020) Abilify Schizophrenia $800 (30 tablets) $15 $2 39,900% AJMC (2019) Revlimid Cancer $16,000/mo $450 $150 10,500% Kaiser Health News (2021) Humira Arthritis $2,984/dose $400 $50 5,868% Rand (2021) Sovaldi Hepatitis C $1,000/pill $10 $2 49,900% JAMA (2021) Xolair Asthma $2,400/dose $300 $50 4,800% NEJM (2020) Gleevec Leukemia $10,000/mo $350 $200 4,900% Harvard Public Health Review (2020) OxyContin Pain Relief $600 (30 tablets) $15 $0.50 119,900% BMJ (2022) Remdesivir Covid-19 $3,120 (5 doses) N/A $10 31,100% The Lancet (2020) The corruption extends far beyond price gouging. Many pharmaceutical companies convince federal health agencies to fund their basic research and drug development with taxpayer dollars. Yet when these companies bring successful products to market, the profits are kept entirely by the corporations or shared with the agencies or groups of government scientists. On the other hand, the public, who funded the research, receives no financial return. This amounts to a systemic betrayal of the public trust on a scale of hundreds of billions of dollars annually. Another significant contributor to rising healthcare costs is the widespread practice of defensive medicine that is driven by the constant threat of litigation. Over the past 40 years, defensive medicine has become a cottage industry. Physicians order excessive diagnostic tests and unnecessary treatments simply to protect themselves from lawsuits. Study after study has shown that these over-performed procedures not only inflate costs but lead to iatrogenesis or medical injury and death caused by the medical  system and practices itself. The solution is simple: adopting no-fault healthcare coverage for everyone where patients receive care without needing to sue and thereby freeing doctors from the burden of excessive malpractice insurance. A single-payer universal healthcare system could fundamentally transform the entire industry by capping profits at every level — from drug manufacturers to hospitals to medical equipment suppliers. The Department of Health and Human Services would have the authority to set profit margins for medical procedures. This would ensure that healthcare is determined by outcomes, not profits. Additionally, the growing influence of private equity firms and vulture capitalists buying up hospitals and medical clinics across America must be reined in. These equity firms prioritize profit extraction over improving the quality of care. They often slash staff, raise prices, and dictate medical procedures based on what will yield the highest returns. Another vital reform would be to provide free medical education for doctors and nurses in exchange for five years of service under the universal system. Medical professionals would earn a realistic salary cap to prevent them from being lured into equity partnerships or charging exorbitant rates. The biggest single expense in the current system, however, is the private health insurance industry, which consumes 33 percent of the $5 trillion healthcare budget. Health insurance CEOs consistently rank among the highest-paid executives in the country. Their companies, who are nothing more than bean counters, decide what procedures and drugs will be covered, partially covered, or denied altogether. This entire industry is designed to place profits above patients' lives. If the US dismantled its existing insurance-based system and replaced it with a fully reformed national healthcare model, the country could save $2.7 trillion annually while simultaneously improving health outcomes. Over the course of 10 years, those savings would amount to $27 trillion. This could wipe out nearly the entire national debt in a short time. This solution has been available for decades but has been systematically blocked by corporate lobbying and bipartisan corruption in Washington. The path forward is clear but only if American citizens demand a system where healthcare is valued as a public service and not a commodity. The national healthcare crisis is not just a fiscal issue. It is a crucial moral failure of the highest order. With the right reforms, the nation could simultaneously restore its financial health and deliver the kind of healthcare system its citizens have long deserved. American Healthcare: Corrupt, Broken and Lethal Richard Gale and Gary Null Progressive Radio Network, March 3, 2025 For a nation that prides itself on being the world's wealthiest, most innovative and technologically advanced, the US' healthcare system is nothing less than a disaster and disgrace. Not only are Americans the least healthy among the most developed nations, but the US' health system ranks dead last among high-income countries. Despite rising costs and our unshakeable faith in American medical exceptionalism, average life expectancy in the US has remained lower than other OECD nations for many years and continues to decline. The United Nations recognizes healthcare as a human right. In 2018, former UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon denounced the American healthcare system as "politically and morally wrong." During the pandemic it is estimated that two to three years was lost on average life expectancy. On the other hand, before the Covid-19 pandemic, countries with universal healthcare coverage found their average life expectancy stable or slowly increasing. The fundamental problem in the U.S. is that politics have been far too beholden to the pharmaceutical, HMO and private insurance industries. Neither party has made any concerted effort to reign in the corruption of corporate campaign funding and do what is sensible, financially feasible and morally correct to improve Americans' quality of health and well-being.   The fact that our healthcare system is horribly broken is proof that moneyed interests have become so powerful to keep single-payer debate out of the media spotlight and censored. Poll after poll shows that the American public favors the expansion of public health coverage. Other incremental proposals, including Medicare and Medicaid buy-in plans, are also widely preferred to the Affordable Care Act or Obamacare mess we are currently stuck with.   It is not difficult to understand how the dismal state of American medicine is the result of a system that has been sold out to the free-market and the bottom line interests of drug makers and an inflated private insurance industry. How advanced and ethically sound can a healthcare system be if tens of millions of people have no access to medical care because it is financially out of their reach?  The figures speak for themselves. The U.S. is burdened with a $41 trillion Medicare liability. The number of uninsured has declined during the past several years but still lingers around 25 million. An additional 30-35 million are underinsured. There are currently 65 million Medicare enrollees and 89 million Medicaid recipients. This is an extremely unhealthy snapshot of the country's ability to provide affordable healthcare and it is certainly unsustainable. The system is a public economic failure, benefiting no one except the large and increasingly consolidated insurance and pharmaceutical firms at the top that supervise the racket.   Our political parties have wrestled with single-payer or universal healthcare for decades. Obama ran his first 2008 presidential campaign on a single-payer platform. Since 1985, his campaign health adviser, the late Dr. Quentin Young from the University of Illinois Medical School, was one of the nation's leading voices calling for universal health coverage.  During a private conversation with Dr. Young shortly before his passing in 2016, he conveyed his sense of betrayal at the hands of the Obama administration. Dr. Young was in his 80s when he joined the Obama campaign team to help lead the young Senator to victory on a promise that America would finally catch up with other nations. The doctor sounded defeated. He shared how he was manipulated, and that Obama held no sincere intention to make universal healthcare a part of his administration's agenda. During the closed-door negotiations, which spawned the weak and compromised Affordable Care Act, Dr. Young was neither consulted nor invited to participate. In fact, he told us that he never heard from Obama again after his White House victory.   Past efforts to even raise the issue have been viciously attacked. A huge army of private interests is determined to keep the public enslaved to private insurers and high medical costs. The failure of our healthcare is in no small measure due to it being a fully for-profit operation. Last year, private health insurance accounted for 65 percent of coverage. Consider that there are over 900 private insurance companies in the US. National Health Expenditures (NHE) grew to $4.5 trillion in 2022, which was 17.3 percent of GDP. Older corporate rank-and-file Democrats and Republicans argue that a single-payer or socialized medical program is unaffordable. However, not only is single-payer affordable, it will end bankruptcies due to unpayable medical debt. In addition, universal healthcare, structured on a preventative model, will reduce disease rates at the outset.    Corporate Democrats argue that Obama's Affordable Care Act (ACA) was a positive step inching the country towards complete public coverage. However, aside from providing coverage to the poorest of Americans, Obamacare turned into another financial anchor around the necks of millions more. According to the health policy research group KFF, the average annual health insurance premium for single coverage is $8,400 and almost $24,000 for a family. In addition, patient out-of-pocket costs continue to increase, a 6.6% increase to $471 billion in 2022. Rather than healthcare spending falling, it has exploded, and the Trump and Biden administrations made matters worse.    Clearly, a universal healthcare program will require flipping the script on the entire private insurance industry, which employed over half a million people last year.  Obviously, the most volatile debate concerning a national universal healthcare system concerns cost. Although there is already a socialized healthcare system in place -- every federal legislator, bureaucrat, government employee and veteran benefits from it -- fiscal Republican conservatives and groups such as the Koch Brothers network are single-mindedly dedicated to preventing the expansion of Medicare and Medicaid. A Koch-funded Mercatus analysis made the outrageous claim that a single-payer system would increase federal health spending by $32 trillion in ten years. However, analyses and reviews by the Congressional Budget Office in the early 1990s concluded that such a system would only increase spending at the start; enormous savings would quickly offset it as the years pass. In one analysis, "the savings in administrative costs [10 percent of health spending] would be more than enough to offset the expense of universal coverage."    Defenders of those advocating for funding a National Health Program argue this can primarily be accomplished by raising taxes to levels comparable to other developed nations. This was a platform Senator Bernie Sanders and some of the younger progressive Democrats in the House campaigned on. The strategy was to tax the highest multimillion-dollar earners 60-70 percent. Despite the outrage of its critics, including old rank-and-file multi-millionaire Democrats like Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer, this is still far less than in the past. During the Korean War, the top tax rate was 91 percent; it declined to 70 percent in the late 1960s. Throughout most of the 1970s, those in the lowest income bracket were taxed at 14 percent. We are not advocating for this strategy because it ignores where the funding is going, and the corruption in the system that is contributing to exorbitant waste.    But Democratic supporters of the ACA who oppose a universal healthcare plan ignore the additional taxes Obama levied to pay for the program. These included surtaxes on investment income, Medicare taxes from those earning over $200,000, taxes on tanning services, an excise tax on medical equipment, and a 40 percent tax on health coverage for costs over the designated cap that applied to flexible savings and health savings accounts. The entire ACA was reckless, sloppy and unnecessarily complicated from the start.    The fact that Obamacare further strengthened the distinctions between two parallel systems -- federal and private -- with entirely different economic structures created a labyrinth of red tape, rules, and wasteful bureaucracy. Since the ACA went into effect, over 150 new boards, agencies and programs have had to be established to monitor its 2,700 pages of gibberish. A federal single-payer system would easily eliminate this bureaucracy and waste.    A medical New Deal to establish universal healthcare coverage is a decisive step in the correct direction. But we must look at the crisis holistically and in a systematic way. Simply shuffling private insurance into a federal Medicare-for-all or buy-in program, funded by taxing the wealthiest of citizens, would only temporarily reduce costs. It will neither curtail nor slash escalating disease rates e. Any effective healthcare reform must also tackle the underlying reasons for Americans' poor state of health. We cannot shy away from examining the social illnesses infecting our entire free-market capitalist culture and its addiction to deregulation. A viable healthcare model would have to structurally transform how the medical economy operates. Finally, a successful medical New Deal must honestly evaluate the best and most reliable scientific evidence in order to effectively redirect public health spending.    For example, Dr. Ezekiel Emanuel, a former Obama healthcare adviser, observed that AIDS-HIV measures consume the most public health spending, even though the disease "ranked 75th on the list of diseases by personal health expenditures." On the other hand, according to the American Medical Association, a large percentage of the nation's $3.4 trillion healthcare spending goes towards treating preventable diseases, notably diabetes, common forms of heart disease, and back and neck pain conditions. In 2016, these three conditions were the most costly and accounted for approximately $277 billion in spending. Last year, the CDC announced the autism rate is now 1 in 36 children compared to 1 in 44 two years ago. A retracted study by Mark Blaxill, an autism activist at the Holland Center and a friend of the authors, estimates that ASD costs will reach $589 billion annually by 2030. There are no signs that this alarming trend will reverse and decline; and yet, our entire federal health system has failed to conscientiously investigate the underlying causes of this epidemic. All explanations that might interfere with the pharmaceutical industry's unchecked growth, such as over-vaccination, are ignored and viciously discredited without any sound scientific evidence. Therefore, a proper medical New Deal will require a systemic overhaul and reform of our federal health agencies, especially the HHS, CDC and FDA. Only the Robert Kennedy Jr presidential campaign is even addressing the crisis and has an inexpensive and comprehensive plan to deal with it. For any medical revolution to succeed in advancing universal healthcare, the plan must prioritize spending in a manner that serves public health and not private interests. It will also require reshuffling private corporate interests and their lobbyists to the sidelines, away from any strategic planning, in order to break up the private interests' control over federal agencies and its revolving door policies. Aside from those who benefit from this medical corruption, the overwhelming majority of Americans would agree with this criticism. However, there is a complete lack of national trust that our legislators, including the so-called progressives, would be willing to undertake such actions.    In addition, America's healthcare system ignores the single most critical initiative to reduce costs - that is, preventative efforts and programs instead of deregulation and closing loopholes designed to protect the drug and insurance industries' bottom line. Prevention can begin with banning toxic chemicals that are proven health hazards associated with current disease epidemics, and it can begin by removing a 1,000-plus toxins already banned in Europe. This should be a no-brainer for any legislator who cares for public health. For example, Stacy Malkan, co-founder of the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, notes that "the policy approach in the US and Europe is dramatically different" when it comes to chemical allowances in cosmetic products. Whereas the EU has banned 1,328 toxic substances from the cosmetic industry alone, the US has banned only 11. The US continues to allow carcinogenic formaldehyde, petroleum, forever chemicals, many parabens (an estrogen mimicker and endocrine hormone destroyer), the highly allergenic p-phenylenediamine or PBD, triclosan, which has been associated with the rise in antibiotic resistant bacteria, avobenzone, and many others to be used in cosmetics, sunscreens, shampoo and hair dyes.   Next, the food Americans consume can be reevaluated for its health benefits. There should be no hesitation to tax the unhealthiest foods, such as commercial junk food, sodas and candy relying on high fructose corn syrup, products that contain ingredients proven to be toxic, and meat products laden with dangerous chemicals including growth hormones and antibiotics. The scientific evidence that the average American diet is contributing to rising disease trends is indisputable. We could also implement additional taxes on the public advertising of these demonstrably unhealthy products. All such tax revenue would accrue to a national universal health program to offset medical expenditures associated with the very illnesses linked to these products. Although such tax measures would help pay for a new medical New Deal, it may be combined with programs to educate the public about healthy nutrition if it is to produce a reduction in the most common preventable diseases. In fact, comprehensive nutrition courses in medical schools should be mandatory because the average physician receives no education in this crucial subject.  In addition, preventative health education should be mandatory throughout public school systems.   Private insurers force hospitals, clinics and private physicians into financial corners, and this is contributing to prodigious waste in money and resources. Annually, healthcare spending towards medical liability insurance costs tens of billions of dollars. In particular, this economic burden has taxed small clinics and physicians. It is well past the time that physician liability insurance is replaced with no-fault options. Today's doctors are spending an inordinate amount of money to protect themselves. Legions of liability and trial lawyers seek big paydays for themselves stemming from physician error. This has created a culture of fear among doctors and hospitals, resulting in the overly cautious practice of defensive medicine, driving up costs and insurance premiums just to avoid lawsuits. Doctors are forced to order unnecessary tests and prescribe more medications and medical procedures just to cover their backsides. No-fault insurance is a common-sense plan that enables physicians to pursue their profession in a manner that will reduce iatrogenic injuries and costs. Individual cases requiring additional medical intervention and loss of income would still be compensated. This would generate huge savings.    No other nation suffers from the scourge of excessive drug price gouging like the US. After many years of haggling to lower prices and increase access to generic drugs, only a minute amount of progress has been made in recent years. A 60 Minutes feature about the Affordable Care Act reported an "orgy of lobbying and backroom deals in which just about everyone with a stake in the $3-trillion-a-year health industry came out ahead—except the taxpayers.” For example, Life Extension magazine reported that an antiviral cream (acyclovir), which had lost its patent protection, "was being sold to pharmacies for 7,500% over the active ingredient cost. The active ingredient (acyclovir) costs only 8 pennies, yet pharmacies are paying a generic maker $600 for this drug and selling it to consumers for around $700." Other examples include the antibiotic Doxycycline. The price per pill averages 7 cents to $3.36 but has a 5,300 percent markup when it reaches the consumer. The antidepressant Clomipramine is marked up 3,780 percent, and the anti-hypertensive drug Captopril's mark-up is 2,850 percent. And these are generic drugs!    Medication costs need to be dramatically cut to allow drug manufacturers a reasonable but not obscene profit margin. By capping profits approximately 100 percent above all costs, we would save our system hundreds of billions of dollars. Such a measure would also extirpate the growing corporate misdemeanors of pricing fraud, which forces patients to pay out-of-pocket in order to make up for the costs insurers are unwilling to pay.    Finally, we can acknowledge that our healthcare is fundamentally a despotic rationing system based upon high insurance costs vis-a-vis a toss of the dice to determine where a person sits on the economic ladder. For the past three decades it has contributed to inequality. The present insurance-based economic metrics cast millions of Americans out of coverage because private insurance costs are beyond their means. Uwe Reinhardt, a Princeton University political economist, has called our system "brutal" because it "rations [people] out of the system." He defined rationing as "withholding something from someone that is beneficial." Discriminatory healthcare rationing now affects upwards to 60 million people who have been either priced out of the system or under insured. They make too much to qualify for Medicare under Obamacare, yet earn far too little to afford private insurance costs and premiums. In the final analysis, the entire system is discriminatory and predatory.    However, we must be realistic. Almost every member of Congress has benefited from Big Pharma and private insurance lobbyists. The only way to begin to bring our healthcare program up to the level of a truly developed nation is to remove the drug industry's rampant and unnecessary profiteering from the equation.     How did Fauci memory-hole a cure for AIDS and get away with it?   By Helen Buyniski   Over 700,000 Americans have died of AIDS since 1981, with the disease claiming some 42.3 million victims worldwide. While an HIV diagnosis is no longer considered a certain death sentence, the disease looms large in the public imagination and in public health funding, with contemporary treatments running into thousands of dollars per patient annually.   But was there a cure for AIDS all this time - an affordable and safe treatment that was ruthlessly suppressed and attacked by the US public health bureaucracy and its agents? Could this have saved millions of lives and billions of dollars spent on AZT, ddI and failed HIV vaccine trials? What could possibly justify the decision to disappear a safe and effective approach down the memory hole?   The inventor of the cure, Gary Null, already had several decades of experience creating healing protocols for physicians to help patients not responding well to conventional treatments by the time AIDS was officially defined in 1981. Null, a registered dietitian and board-certified nutritionist with a PhD in human nutrition and public health science, was a senior research fellow and Director of Anti-Aging Medicine at the Institute of Applied Biology for 36 years and has published over 950 papers, conducting groundbreaking experiments in reversing biological aging as confirmed with DNA methylation testing. Additionally, Null is a multi-award-winning documentary filmmaker, bestselling author, and investigative journalist whose work exposing crimes against humanity over the last 50 years has highlighted abuses by Big Pharma, the military-industrial complex, the financial industry, and the permanent government stay-behind networks that have come to be known as the Deep State.   Null was contacted in 1974 by Dr. Stephen Caiazza, a physician working with a subculture of gay men in New York living the so-called “fast track” lifestyle, an extreme manifestation of the gay liberation movement that began with the Stonewall riots. Defined by rampant sexual promiscuity and copious use of illegal and prescription drugs, including heavy antibiotic use for a cornucopia of sexually-transmitted diseases, the fast-track never included more than about two percent of gay men, though these dominated many of the bathhouses and clubs that defined gay nightlife in the era. These patients had become seriously ill as a result of their indulgence, generally arriving at the clinic with multiple STDs including cytomegalovirus and several types of herpes and hepatitis, along with candida overgrowth, nutritional deficiencies, gut issues, and recurring pneumonia. Every week for the next 10 years, Null would counsel two or three of these men - a total of 800 patients - on how to detoxify their bodies and de-stress their lives, tracking their progress with Caiazza and the other providers at weekly feedback meetings that he credits with allowing the team to quickly evaluate which treatments were most effective. He observed that it only took about two years on the “fast track” for a healthy young person to begin seeing muscle loss and the recurrent, lingering opportunistic infections that would later come to be associated with AIDS - while those willing to commit to a healthier lifestyle could regain their health in about a year.    It was with this background that Null established the Tri-State Healing Center in Manhattan in 1980, staffing the facility with what would eventually run to 22 certified health professionals to offer safe, natural, and effective low- and no-cost treatments to thousands of patients with HIV and AIDS-defining conditions. Null and his staff used variations of the protocols he had perfected with Caiazza's patients, a multifactorial patient-tailored approach that included high-dose vitamin C drips, intravenous ozone therapy, juicing and nutritional improvements and supplementation, aspects of homeopathy and naturopathy with some Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurvedic practices. Additional services offered on-site included acupuncture and holistic dentistry, while peer support groups were also held at the facility so that patients could find community and a positive environment, healing their minds and spirits while they healed their bodies.   “Instead of trying to kill the virus with antiretroviral pharmaceuticals designed to stop viral replication before it kills patients, we focused on what benefits could be gained by building up the patients' natural immunity and restoring biochemical integrity so the body could fight for itself,” Null wrote in a 2014 article describing the philosophy behind the Center's approach, which was wholly at odds with the pharmaceutical model.1   Patients were comprehensively tested every week, with any “recovery” defined solely by the labs, which documented AIDS patient after patient - 1,200 of them - returning to good health and reversing their debilitating conditions. Null claims to have never lost an AIDS patient in the Center's care, even as the death toll for the disease - and its pharmaceutical standard of care AZT - reached an all-time high in the early 1990s. Eight patients who had opted for a more intensive course of treatment - visiting the Center six days a week rather than one - actually sero-deconverted, with repeated subsequent testing showing no trace of HIV in their bodies.   As an experienced clinical researcher himself, Null recognized that any claims made by the Center would be massively scrutinized, challenging as they did the prevailing scientific consensus that AIDS was an incurable, terminal illness. He freely gave his protocols to any medical practitioner who asked, understanding that his own work could be considered scientifically valid only if others could replicate it under the same conditions. After weeks of daily observational visits to the Center, Dr. Robert Cathcart took the protocols back to San Francisco, where he excitedly reported that patients were no longer dying in his care.    Null's own colleague at the Institute of Applied Biology, senior research fellow Elana Avram, set up IV drip rooms at the Institute and used his intensive protocols to sero-deconvert 10 patients over a two-year period. While the experiment had been conducted in secret, as the Institute had been funded by Big Pharma since its inception half a century earlier, Avram had hoped she would be able to publish a journal article to further publicize Null's protocols and potentially help AIDS patients, who were still dying at incredibly high rates thanks to Burroughs Wellcome's noxious but profitable AZT. But as she would later explain in a 2019 letter to Null, their groundbreaking research never made it into print - despite meticulous documentation of their successes - because the Institute's director and board feared their pharmaceutical benefactors would withdraw the funding on which they depended, given that Null's protocols did not involve any patentable or otherwise profitable drugs. When Avram approached them about publication, the board vetoed the idea, arguing that it would “draw negative attention because [the work] was contrary to standard drug treatments.” With no real point in continuing experiments along those lines without institutional support and no hope of obtaining funding from elsewhere, the department she had created specifically for these experiments shut down after a two-year followup with her test subjects - all of whom remained alive and healthy - was completed.2   While the Center was receiving regular visits by this time from medical professionals and, increasingly, black celebrities like Stokely Carmichael and Isaac Hayes, who would occasionally perform for the patients, the news was spreading by word of mouth alone - not a single media outlet had dared to document the clinic that was curing AIDS patients for free. Instead, they gave airtime to Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, who had for years been spreading baseless, hysteria-fueling claims about HIV and AIDS to any news outlet that would put him on. His claim that children could contract the virus from “ordinary household conduct” with an infected relative proved so outrageous he had to walk it back,3 and he never really stopped insisting the deadly plague associated with gays and drug users was about to explode like a nuclear bomb among the law-abiding heterosexual population. Fauci by this time controlled all government science funding through NIAID, and his zero-tolerance approach to dissent on the HIV/AIDS front had already seen prominent scientists like virologist Peter Duesberg stripped of the resources they needed for their work because they had dared to question his commandment: There is no cause of AIDS but HIV, and AZT is its treatment. Even the AIDS activist groups, which by then had been coopted by Big Pharma and essentially reduced to astroturfing for the toxic failed chemotherapy drug AZT backed by the institutional might of Fauci's NIAID,4 didn't seem to want to hear that there was a cure. Unconcerned with the irrationality of denouncing the man touting his free AIDS cure as an  “AIDS denier,” they warned journalists that platforming Null or anyone else rejecting the mainstream medical line would be met with organized demands for their firing.    Determined to breach the institutional iron curtain and get his message to the masses, Null and his team staged a press conference in New York, inviting scientists and doctors from around the world to share their research on alternative approaches to HIV and AIDS in 1993. To emphasize the sound scientific basis of the Center's protocols and encourage guests to adopt them into their own practices, Null printed out thousands of abstracts in support of each nutrient and treatment being used. However, despite over 7,000 invitations sent three times to major media, government figures, scientists, and activists, almost none of the intended audience members showed up. Over 100 AIDS patients and their doctors, whose charts exhaustively documented their improvements using natural and nontoxic modalities over the preceding 12 months, gave filmed testimonials, declaring that the feared disease was no longer a death sentence, but the conference had effectively been silenced. Bill Tatum, publisher of the Amsterdam News, suggested Null and his patients would find a more welcoming audience in his home neighborhood of Harlem - specifically, its iconic Apollo Theatre. For three nights, the theater was packed to capacity. Hit especially hard by the epidemic and distrustful of a medical system that had only recently stopped being openly racist (the Tuskegee syphilis experiment only ended in 1972), black Americans, at least, did not seem to care what Anthony Fauci would do if he found out they were investigating alternatives to AZT and death.    PBS journalist Tony Brown, having obtained a copy of the video of patient testimonials from the failed press conference, was among a handful of black journalists who began visiting the Center to investigate the legitimacy of Null's claims. Satisfied they had something significant to offer his audience, Brown invited eight patients - along with Null himself - onto his program over the course of several episodes to discuss the work. It was the first time these protocols had received any attention in the media, despite Null having released nearly two dozen articles and multiple documentaries on the subject by that time. A typical patient on one program, Al, a recovered IV drug user who was diagnosed with AIDS at age 32, described how he “panicked,” saw a doctor and started taking AZT despite his misgivings - only to be forced to discontinue the drug after just a few weeks due to his condition deteriorating rapidly. Researching alternatives brought him to Null, and after six months of “detoxing [his] lifestyle,” he observed his initial symptoms - swollen lymph nodes and weight loss - begin to reverse, culminating with sero-deconversion. On Bill McCreary's Channel 5 program, a married couple diagnosed with HIV described how they watched their T-cell counts increase as they cut out sugar, caffeine, smoking, and drinking and began eating a healthy diet. They also saw the virus leave their bodies.   For HIV-positive viewers surrounded by fear and negativity, watching healthy-looking, cheerful “AIDS patients” detail their recovery while Null backed up their claims with charts must have been balm for the soul. But the TV programs were also a form of outreach to the medical community, with patients' charts always on hand to convince skeptics the cure was scientifically valid. Null brought patients' charts to every program, urging them to keep an open mind: “Other physicians and public health officials should know that there's good science in the alternative perspective. It may not be a therapy that they're familiar with, because they're just not trained in it, but if the results are positive, and you can document them…” He challenged doubters to send in charts from their own sero-deconverted patients on AZT, and volunteered to debate proponents of the orthodox treatment paradigm - though the NIH and WHO both refused to participate in such a debate on Tony Brown's Journal, following Fauci's directive prohibiting engagement with forbidden ideas.    Aside from those few TV programs and Null's own films, suppression of Null's AIDS cure beyond word of mouth was total. The 2021 documentary The Cost of Denial, produced by the Society for Independent Journalists, tells the story of the Tri-State Healing Center and the medical paradigm that sought to destroy it, lamenting the loss of the lives that might have been saved in a more enlightened society. Nurse practitioner Luanne Pennesi, who treated many of the AIDS patients at the Center, speculated in the film that the refusal by the scientific establishment and AIDS activists to accept their successes was financially motivated. “It was as if they didn't want this information to get out. Understand that our healthcare system as we know it is a corporation, it's a corporate model, and it's about generating revenue. My concern was that maybe they couldn't generate enough revenue from these natural approaches.”5   Funding was certainly the main disciplinary tool Fauci's NIAID used to keep the scientific community in line. Despite the massive community interest in the work being done at the Center, no foundation or institution would defy Fauci and risk getting itself blacklisted, leaving Null to continue funding the operation out of his pocket with the profits from book sales. After 15 years, he left the Center in 1995, convinced the mainstream model had so thoroughly been institutionalized that there was no chance of overthrowing it. He has continued to counsel patients and advocate for a reappraisal of the HIV=AIDS hypothesis and its pharmaceutical treatments, highlighting the deeply flawed science underpinning the model of the disease espoused by the scientific establishment in 39 articles, six documentaries and a 700-page textbook on AIDS, but the Center's achievements have been effectively memory-holed by Fauci's multi-billion-dollar propaganda apparatus.     FRUIT OF THE POISONOUS TREE   To understand just how much of a threat Null's work was to the HIV/AIDS establishment, it is instructive to revisit the 1984 paper, published by Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute, that established HIV as the sole cause of AIDS. The CDC's official recognition of AIDS in 1981 had done little to quell the mounting public panic over the mysterious illness afflicting gay men in the US, as the agency had effectively admitted it had no idea what was causing them to sicken and die. As years passed with no progress determining the causative agent of the plague, activist groups like Gay Men's Health Crisis disrupted public events and threatened further mass civil disobedience as they excoriated the NIH for its sluggish allocation of government science funding to uncovering the cause of the “gay cancer.”6 When Gallo published his paper declaring that the retrovirus we now know as HIV was the sole “probable” cause of AIDS, its simple, single-factor hypothesis was the answer to the scientific establishment's prayers. This was particularly true for Fauci, as the NIAID chief was able to claim the hot new disease as his agency's own domain in what has been described as a “dramatic confrontation” with his rival Sam Broder at the National Cancer Institute. After all, Fauci pointed out, Gallo's findings - presented by Health and Human Services Secretary Margaret Heckler as if they were gospel truth before any other scientists had had a chance to inspect them, never mind conduct a full peer review - clearly classified AIDS as an infectious disease, and not a cancer like the Kaposi's sarcoma which was at the time its most visible manifestation. Money and media attention began pouring in, even as funding for the investigation of other potential causes of AIDS dried up. Having already patented a diagnostic test for “his” retrovirus before introducing it to the world, Gallo was poised for a financial windfall, while Fauci was busily leveraging the discovery into full bureaucratic empire of the US scientific apparatus.   While it would serve as the sole basis for all US government-backed AIDS research to follow - quickly turning Gallo into the most-cited scientist in the world during the 1980s,7 Gallo's “discovery” of HIV was deeply problematic. The sample that yielded the momentous discovery actually belonged to Prof. Luc Montagnier of the French Institut Pasteur, a fact Gallo finally admitted in 1991, four years after a lawsuit from the French government challenged his patent on the HIV antibody test, forcing the US government to negotiate a hasty profit-sharing agreement between Gallo's and Montagnier's labs. That lawsuit triggered a cascade of official investigations into scientific misconduct by Gallo, and evidence submitted during one of these probes, unearthed in 2008 by journalist Janine Roberts, revealed a much deeper problem with the seminal “discovery.” While Gallo's co-author, Mikulas Popovic, had concluded after numerous experiments with the French samples that the virus they contained was not the cause of AIDS, Gallo had drastically altered the paper's conclusion, scribbling his notes in the margins, and submitted it for publication to the journal Science without informing his co-author.   After Roberts shared her discovery with contacts in the scientific community, 37 scientific experts wrote to the journal demanding that Gallo's career-defining HIV paper be retracted from Science for lacking scientific integrity.8 Their call, backed by an endorsement from the 2,600-member scientific organization Rethinking AIDS, was ignored by the publication and by the rest of mainstream science despite - or perhaps because of - its profound implications.   That 2008 letter, addressed to Science editor-in-chief Bruce Alberts and copied to American Association for the Advancement of Science CEO Alan Leshner, is worth reproducing here in its entirety, as it utterly dismantles Gallo's hypothesis - and with them the entire HIV is the sole cause of AIDS dogma upon which the contemporary medical model of the disease rests:   On May 4, 1984 your journal published four papers by a group led by Dr. Robert Gallo. We are writing to express our serious concerns with regard to the integrity and veracity of the lead paper among these four of which Dr. Mikulas Popovic is the lead author.[1] The other three are also of concern because they rely upon the conclusions of the lead paper .[2][3][4]  In the early 1990s, several highly critical reports on the research underlying these papers were produced as a result of governmental inquiries working under the supervision of scientists nominated by the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine. The Office of Research Integrity of the US Department of Health and Human Services concluded that the lead paper was “fraught with false and erroneous statements,” and that the “ORI believes that the careless and unacceptable keeping of research records...reflects irresponsible laboratory management that has permanently impaired the ability to retrace the important steps taken.”[5] Further, a Congressional Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations led by US Representative John D. Dingell of Michigan produced a staff report on the papers which contains scathing criticisms of their integrity.[6]  Despite the publically available record of challenges to their veracity, these papers have remained uncorrected and continue to be part of the scientific record.  What prompts our communication today is the recent revelation of an astonishing number of previously unreported deletions and unjustified alterations made by Gallo to the lead paper. There are several documents originating from Gallo's laboratory that, while available for some time, have only recently been fully analyzed. These include a draft of the lead paper typewritten by Popovic which contains handwritten changes made to it by Gallo.[7] This draft was the key evidence used in the above described inquiries to establish that Gallo had concealed his laboratory's use of a cell culture sample (known as LAV) which it received from the Institut Pasteur.  These earlier inquiries verified that the typed manuscript draft was produced by Popovic who had carried out the recorded experiment while his laboratory chief, Gallo, was in Europe and that, upon his return, Gallo changed the document by hand a few days before it was submitted to Science on March 30, 1984. According to the ORI investigation, “Dr. Gallo systematically rewrote the manuscript for what would become a renowned LTCB [Gallo's laboratory at the National Cancer Institute] paper.”[5]  This document provided the important evidence that established the basis for awarding Dr. Luc Montagnier and Dr. Francoise Barré-Sinoussi the 2008 Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of the AIDS virus by proving it was their samples of LAV that Popovic used in his key experiment. The draft reveals that Popovic had forthrightly admitted using the French samples of LAV renamed as Gallo's virus, HTLV-III, and that Gallo had deleted this admission, concealing their use of LAV.  However, it has not been previously reported that on page three of this same document Gallo had also deleted Popovic's unambiguous statement that, "Despite intensive research efforts, the causative agent of AIDS has not yet been identified,” replacing it in the published paper with a statement that said practically the opposite, namely, “That a retrovirus of the HTLV family might be an etiologic agent of AIDS was suggested by the findings.”  It is clear that the rest of Popovic's typed paper is entirely consistent with his statement that the cause of AIDS had not been found, despite his use of the French LAV. Popovic's final conclusion was that the culture he produced “provides the possibility” for detailed studies. He claimed to have achieved nothing more. At no point in his paper did Popovic attempt to prove that any virus caused AIDS, and it is evident that Gallo concealed these key elements in Popovic's experimental findings.  It is astonishing now to discover these unreported changes to such a seminal document. We can only assume that Gallo's alterations of Popovic's conclusions were not highlighted by earlier inquiries because the focus at the time was on establishing that the sample used by Gallo's lab came from Montagnier and was not independently collected by Gallo. In fact, the only attention paid to the deletions made by Gallo pertains to his effort to hide the identity of the sample. The questions of whether Gallo and Popovic's research proved that LAV or any other virus was the cause of AIDS were clearly not considered.  Related to these questions are other long overlooked documents that merit your attention. One of these is a letter from Dr. Matthew A. Gonda, then Head of the Electron Microscopy Laboratory at the National Cancer Institute, which is addressed to Popovic, copied to Gallo and dated just four days prior to Gallo's submission to Science.[8] In this letter, Gonda remarks on samples he had been sent for imaging because “Dr Gallo wanted these micrographs for publication because they contain HTLV.” He states, “I do not believe any of the particles photographed are of HTLV-I, II or III.” According to Gonda, one sample contained cellular debris, while another had no particles near the size of a retrovirus. Despite Gonda's clearly worded statement, Science published on May 4, 1984 papers attributed to Gallo et al with micrographs attributed to Gonda and described unequivocally as HTLV-III.  In another letter by Gallo, dated one day before he submitted his papers to Science, Gallo states, “It's extremely rare to find fresh cells [from AIDS patients] expressing the virus... cell culture seems to be necessary to induce virus,” a statement which raises the possibility he was working with a laboratory artifact. [9]  Included here are copies of these documents and links to the same. The very serious flaws they reveal in the preparation of the lead paper published in your journal in 1984 prompts our request that this paper be withdrawn. It appears that key experimental findings have been concealed. We further request that the three associated papers published on the same date also be withdrawn as they depend on the accuracy of this paper.  For the scientific record to be reliable, it is vital that papers shown to be flawed, or falsified be retracted. Because a very public record now exists showing that the Gallo papers drew unjustified conclusions, their withdrawal from Science is all the more important to maintain integrity. Future researchers must also understand they cannot rely on the 1984 Gallo papers for statements about HIV and AIDS, and all authors of papers that previously relied on this set of four papers should have the opportunity to consider whether their own conclusions are weakened by these revelations.      Gallo's handwritten revision, submitted without his colleague's knowledge despite multiple experiments that failed to support the new conclusion, was the sole foundation for the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Had Science published the manuscript the way Popovic had typed it, there would be no AIDS “pandemic” - merely small clusters of people with AIDS. Without a viral hypothesis backing the development of expensive and deadly pharmaceuticals, would Fauci have allowed these patients to learn about the cure that existed all along?   Faced with a potential rebellion, Fauci marshaled the full resources under his control to squelch the publication of the investigations into Gallo and restrict any discussion of competing hypotheses in the scientific and mainstream press, which had been running virus-scare stories full-time since 1984. The effect was total, according to biochemist Dr. Kary Mullis, inventor of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure. In a 2009 interview, Mullis recalled his own shock when he attempted to unearth the experimental basis for the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Despite his extensive inquiry into the literature, “there wasn't a scientific reference…[that] said ‘here's how come we know that HIV is the probable cause of AIDS.' There was nothing out there like that.”9 This yawning void at the core of HIV/AIDS “science" turned him into a strident critic of AIDS dogma - and those views made him persona non grata where the scientific press was concerned, suddenly unable to publish a single paper despite having won the Nobel Prize for his invention of the PCR test just weeks before.  10   DISSENT BECOMES “DENIAL”   While many of those who dissent from the orthodox HIV=AIDS view believe HIV plays a role in the development of AIDS, they point to lifestyle and other co-factors as being equally if not more important. Individuals who test positive for HIV can live for decades in perfect health - so long as they don't take AZT or the other toxic antivirals fast-tracked by Fauci's NIAID - but those who developed full-blown AIDS generally engaged in highly risky behaviors like extreme promiscuity and prodigious drug abuse, contracting STDs they took large quantities of antibiotics to treat, further running down their immune systems. While AIDS was largely portrayed as a “gay disease,” it was only the “fast track” gays, hooking up with dozens of partners nightly in sex marathons fueled by “poppers” (nitrate inhalants notorious for their own devastating effects on the immune system), who became sick. Kaposi's sarcoma, one of the original AIDS-defining conditions, was widespread among poppers-using gay men, but never appeared among IV drug users or hemophiliacs, the other two main risk groups during the early years of the epidemic. Even Robert Gallo himself, at a 1994 conference on poppers held by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, would admit that the previously-rare form of skin cancer surging among gay men was not primarily caused by HIV - and that it was immune stimulation, rather than suppression, that was likely responsible.11 Similarly, IV drug users are often riddled with opportunistic infections as their habit depresses the immune system and their focus on maintaining their addiction means that healthier habits - like good nutrition and even basic hygiene - fall by the wayside.    Supporting the call for revising the HIV=AIDS hypothesis to include co-factors is the fact that the mass heterosexual outbreaks long predicted by Fauci and his ilk in seemingly every country on Earth have failed to materialize, except - supposedly - in Africa, where the diagnostic standard for AIDS differs dramatically from those of the West. Given the prohibitively high cost of HIV testing for poor African nations, the WHO in 1985 crafted a diagnostic loophole that became known as the “Bangui definition,” allowing medical professionals to diagnose AIDS in the absence of a test using just clinical symptoms: high fever, persistent cough, at least 30 days of diarrhea, and the loss of 10% of one's body weight within two months. Often suffering from malnutrition and without access to clean drinking water, many of the inhabitants of sub-Saharan Africa fit the bill, especially when the WHO added tuberculosis to the list of AIDS-defining illnesses in 1993 - a move which may be responsible for as many as one half of African “AIDS” cases, according to journalist Christine Johnson. The WHO's former Chief of Global HIV Surveillance, James Chin, acknowledged their manipulation of statistics, but stressed that it was the entire AIDS industry - not just his organization - perpetrating the fraud. “There's the saying that, if you knew what sausages are made of, most people would hesitate to sort of eat them, because they wouldn't like what's in it. And if you knew how HIV/AIDS numbers are cooked, or made up, you would use them with extreme caution,” Chin told an interviewer in 2009.12   With infected numbers stubbornly remaining constant in the US despite Fauci's fearmongering projections of the looming heterosexually-transmitted plague, the CDC in 1993 broadened its definition of AIDS to include asymptomatic (that is, healthy) HIV-positive people with low T-cell counts - an absurd criteria given that an individual's T-cell count can fluctuate by hundreds within a single day. As a result, the number of “AIDS cases” in the US immediately doubled. Supervised by Fauci, the NIAID had been quietly piling on diseases into the “AIDS-related” category for years, bloating the list from just two conditions - pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma - to 30 so fast it raised eyebrows among some of science's leading lights. Deeming the entire process “bizarre” and unprecedented, Kary Mullis wondered aloud why no one had called the AIDS establishment out: “There's something wrong here. And it's got to be financial.”13   Indeed, an early CDC public relations campaign was exposed by the Wall Street Journal in 1987 as having deliberately mischaracterized AIDS as a threat to the entire population so as to garner increased public and private funding for what was very much a niche issue, with the risk to average heterosexuals from a single act of sex “smaller than the risk of ever getting hit by lightning.” Ironically, the ads, which sought to humanize AIDS patients in an era when few Americans knew anyone with the disease and more than half the adult population thought infected people should be forced to carry cards warning of their status, could be seen as a reaction to the fear tactics deployed by Fauci early on.14   It's hard to tell where fraud ends and incompetence begins with Gallo's HIV antibody test. Much like Covid-19 would become a “pandemic of testing,” with murder victims and motorcycle crashes lumped into “Covid deaths” thanks to over-sensitized PCR tests that yielded as many as 90% false positives,15 HIV testing is fraught with false positives - and unlike with Covid-19, most people who hear they are HIV-positive still believe they are receiving a death sentence. Due to the difficulty of isolating HIV itself from human samples, the most common diagnostic tests, ELISA and the Western Blot, are designed to detect not the virus but antibodies to it, upending the traditional medical understanding that the presence of antibodies indicates only exposure - and often that the body has actually vanquished the pathogen. Patients are known to test positive for HIV antibodies in the absence of the virus due to at least 70 other conditions, including hepatitis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, syphilis, recent vaccination or even pregnancy. (https://www.chcfl.org/diseases-that-can-cause-a-false-positive-hiv-test/) Positive results are often followed up with a PCR “viral load” test, even though the inventor of the PCR technique Kary Mullis famously condemned its misuse as a tool for diagnosing infection. Packaging inserts for all three tests warn the user that they cannot be reliably used to diagnose HIV.16 The ELISA HIV antibody test explicitly states: “At present there is no recognized standard for establishing the presence and absence of HIV antibody in human blood.”17   That the public remains largely unaware of these and other massive holes in the supposedly airtight HIV=AIDS=DEATH paradigm is a testament to Fauci's multi-layered control of the press. Like the writers of the Great Barrington Declaration and other Covid-19 dissidents, scientists who question HIV/AIDS dogma have been brutally punished for their heresy, no matter how prestigious their prior standing in the field and no matter how much evidence they have for their own claims. In 1987, the year the FDA's approval of AZT made AIDS the most profitable epidemic yet (a dubious designation Covid-19 has since surpassed), Fauci made it clearer than ever that scientific inquiry and debate - the basis of the scientific method - would no longer be welcome in the American public health sector, eliminating retrovirologist Peter Duesberg, then one of the most prominent opponents of the HIV=AIDS hypothesis, from the scientific conversation with a professional disemboweling that would make a cartel hitman blush. Duesberg had just eviscerated Gallo's 1984 HIV paper with an article of his own in the journal Cancer Research, pointing out that retroviruses had never before been found to cause a single disease in humans - let alone 30 AIDS-defining diseases. Rather than allow Gallo or any of the other scientists in his camp to respond to the challenge, Fauci waged a scorched-earth campaign against Duesberg, who had until then been one of the most highly regarded researchers in his field. Every research grant he requested was denied; every media appearance was canceled or preempted. The University of California at Berkeley, unable to fully fire him due to tenure, took away his lab, his graduate students, and the rest of his funding. The few colleagues who dared speak up for him in public were also attacked, while enemies and opportunists were encouraged to slander Duesberg at the conferences he was barred from attending and in the journals that would no longer publish his replies. When Duesberg was summoned to the White House later that year by then-President Ronald Reagan to debate Fauci on the origins of AIDS, Fauci convinced the president to cancel, allegedly pulling rank on the Commander-in-Chief with an accusation that the “White House was interfering in scientific matters that belonged to the NIH and the Office of Science and Technology Assessment.” After seven years of this treatment, Duesberg was contacted by NIH official Stephen O'Brien and offered an escape from professional purgatory. He could have “everything back,” he was told, and shown a manuscript of a scientific paper - apparently commissioned by the editor of the journal Nature - “HIV Causes AIDS: Koch's Postulates Fulfilled” with his own name listed alongside O'Brien's as an author.18 His refusal to take the bribe effectively guaranteed the epithet “AIDS denier” will appear on his tombstone. The character assassination of Duesberg became a template that would be deployed to great effectiveness wherever Fauci encountered dissent - never debate, only demonize, deplatform and destroy.    Even Luc Montagnier, the real discoverer of HIV, soon found himself on the wrong side of the Fauci machine. With his 1990 declaration that “the HIV virus [by itself] is harmless and passive, a benign virus,” Montagnier began distancing himself from Gallo's fraud, effectively placing a target on his own back. In a 1995 interview, he elaborated: “four factors that have come together to account for the sudden epidemic [of AIDS]: HIV presence, immune hyper-activation, increased sexually transmitted disease incidence, sexual behavior changes and other behavioral changes” such as drug use, poor nutrition and stress - all of which he said had to occur “essentially simultaneously” for HIV to be transmitted, creating the modern epidemic. Like the professionals at the Tri-State Healing Center, Montagnier advocated for the use of antioxidants like vitamin C and N-acetyl cysteine, naming oxidative stress as a critical factor in the progression from HIV to AIDS.19 When Montagnier died in 2022, Fauci's media mouthpieces sneered that the scientist (who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2008 for his discovery of HIV, despite his flagging faith in that discovery's significance) “started espousing views devoid of a scientific basis” in the late 2000s, leading him to be “shunned by the scientific community.”20 In a particularly egregious jab, the Washington Post's obit sings the praises of Robert Gallo, implying it was the American scientist who really should have won the Nobel for HIV, while dismissing as “

Today's sponsor is Freed AI! Freed's AI medical scribe listens, transcribes, and writes notes for you. Over 15,000 healthcare professionals use Freed and you should too! Learn more here! Clopidogrel (Plavix) is an antiplatelet medication. You need to understand the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel and how CYP2C19 affects this medication. Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic. Calcium, iron, and other metal cations can bind doxycycline and reduce the absorption of the medication. Hyzaar is a combination of losartan and hydrochlorothiazide. Losartan is an ARB and hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic. Kytril (granisetron) is an antiemetic medication. It is from the same class of medication as the more commonly used ondansetron. Restoril (temazepam) is a benzodiazepine. It is primarily used to treat insomnia as it has a much shorter half-life than many of the other benzodiazepines.

Show Notes To celebrate Pet Dental Health Month, the Skin Flints team looked a bit further afield this month, exploring gum health and Canine Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis with Hannah van Velzen. Chapter 1 – Understanding the Oral Mucosa and Inflammation (02:53) John welcomes Hannah, who introduces herself and her journey into veterinary dentistry, from her studies in the Netherlands to her current role leading the dentistry referral service at Fitzpatrick Referrals. She highlights the small but growing number of veterinary dentistry specialists in the UK. (05:46) Sue asks for a basic overview of the oral mucosa, as it plays a key role in CCUS. Hannah explains that gingiva surrounds and seals the teeth, preventing bacteria from entering the body, while mucosa covers the rest of the mouth. The mucogingival junction marks the boundary between the two and helps differentiate between gingivitis and mucositis. She describes the different types of mucosa, including lingual (tongue), palatal (roof of the mouth), alveolar (bone covering), vestibular (cheek and lip folds), buccal (cheeks), and labial (lips). These structures vary in thickness and function, with keratinized areas like the tongue and hard palate providing protection, while thinner, non-keratinized areas aid in saliva flow and bacterial clearance. (13:24) John then asks Hannah to define common inflammatory conditions affecting the mouth, including: Gingivitis – Inflammation limited to the gingiva, without mucosal involvement. Mucositis (stomatitis) – Inflammation affecting the mucosa, which is central to CCUS. Periodontitis – Inflammation of the structures supporting the tooth, which can lead to tooth loss. Hannah emphasises the importance of accurately defining oral lesions to guide diagnosis and treatment.    Chapter 2 – What is CCUS? How Can It Be Diagnosed? (18:43) John introduces Canine Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis (CCUS), asking how it relates to previous terms like CUPS (Canine Ulcerative Paradental Stomatitis) or contact mucositis. Hannah explains that CCUS was formerly known as CUPS, but the name changed as research showed that 40% of lesions occurred in areas without teeth, making the term "paradental" inaccurate. The condition is chronic, meaning it develops gradually rather than suddenly. (23:22) Sue asks how a primary care vet should determine whether a dog with oral ulcerations has CCUS or another condition, such as pemphigus vulgaris, lupus, or uremic stomatitis. Hannah acknowledges that many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases look similar and that no single exam finding confirms CCUS. She advises vets to follow key diagnostic steps: Perform a thorough dental cleaning and radiographs to rule out periodontal disease. Differentiate gingivitis (gum inflammation) from mucositis (mucosal inflammation). Take a biopsy if mucosal inflammation is present, as periodontal disease should not cause mucositis. Look for "lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates" on biopsy, which strongly suggest CCUS. If the biopsy findings suggest CCUS, referral to a dentistry specialist is recommended. If results are inconclusive, a dermatologist may need to investigate potential autoimmune conditions. (27:33) Sue asks whether "kissing lesions" (ulcerative lesions where mucosa touches the teeth) strongly indicate CCUS. Hannah agrees that they are a key sign, but notes that plaque build-up can also cause similar inflammation. A dental clean should be performed first—if inflammation persists despite clean teeth, CCUS is more likely. (28:31) Sue then asks if certain breeds are predisposed to CCUS. Hannah confirms that small breeds and terriers are overrepresented, particularly: Cavaliers, Labradors, Maltese, and Greyhounds. Greyhounds are prone due to poor dental health and periodontal disease. Spaniels may also be affected, though this is not yet confirmed in literature. Some affected dogs have severe gingivitis and mucosal inflammation despite excellent dental hygiene, making CCUS harder to recognise. (31:33) John asks how easy biopsies in the mouth are Hannah stresses that biopsies should always be done under general anaesthesia for pain control and a thorough oral exam. She typically uses a punch biopsy, ensuring a portion of normal tissue is included to help distinguish inflammatory from autoimmune causes. She highlights the importance of sending clear photos and case details to assist pathologists in interpreting results. Additional tests like immunohistochemistry may sometimes be useful.   Chapter 3 – Treating CCUS: What Are the Options? (35:44) John asks how CCUS is treated and whether treatment varies by severity. Hannah explains that CCUS treatment is multi-step and includes: Dental Cleaning & Plaque Management: Full dental cleaning is the first step. Extractions are considered only for teeth that contribute to inflammation. In mild cases, cleaning + home care (brushing, antiseptics) may suffice. Home Management & Pain Control: Some owners can maintain oral hygiene, others cannot. Pain relief options include NSAIDs, paracetamol, gabapentin, or amitriptyline. Feeding tubes may be used in extreme cases for pain-free nutrition. Medical Management for Severe Cases: Two main protocols exist: Cyclosporine + Metronidazole (immune modulation & bacterial control). Doxycycline (low dose), Pentoxifylline (ulcer management), and Niacinamide (vitamin B3). The choice depends on vet preference and patient response. Long-Term Management & Research Gaps: Some dogs may eventually stop medication once inflammation is controlled. More research is needed to determine which cases respond best to which treatments. Avoiding full-mouth tooth extractions remains a key goal. (45:14) Sue highlights the lack of published research on CCUS and urges vets to seek specialist advice before extracting all teeth.

Send us a textGrab your trainers, your dog lead, or a cuppa and join us for some free CPD as we have another relaxed round up of recent Red Whale primary care Pearls of wisdom.  In the first of two episodes this month, Ali and Nik discuss: 3% of adults presenting to primary care with an acute cough have pertussis, but would you spot it?What is our role in primary care if a patient approaches us for advice about antibiotic prophylaxis for STIs?Listen as soon as you can to ensure you have full access to all the free resources. The rest of the Pearls from December will be covered next week along with a new best intentions story to put a smile on your face.Pertussis BMJ 2019;364:l401 UKHSA Guidance on the management of cases of pertussis in England during the re-emergence of pertussis in 2024 Whooping Cough Net - symptoms (examples of full-blown whooping cough and attenuated forms in immunised individuals. Also information for patients about why treatment is ineffective. Site by Doug Jenkinson, a GP in ( Nottinghamshire) Testing guidelines from the UKHSA can be found here. The Green Book on PertussisProphylaxis for sexually transmitted infections BASHH Position statement on Doxycycline as Prophylaxis for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2021 The IPERGAY trial (Lancet Inf Diseases 2018;18(3):308) CDC guidance 1 Send us your feedback podcast@redwhale.co.uk or send a voice message Sign up to receive Pearls here. Pearls are available for 3 months from publish date. After this, you can get access them plus 100s more articles when you buy a one-day online course from Red Whale OR sign up to Red Whale Unlimited. Find out more here. Follow us: X, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedInDisclaimer: We make every effort to ensure the information in this podcast is accurate and correct at the date of publication, but it is of necessity of a brief and general nature, and this should not replace your own good clinical judgement, or be regarded as a substitute for taking professional advice in appropriate circumstances. In particular, check drug doses, side-effects and interactions with the British National Formulary. Save insofar as any such liability cannot be excluded at law, we do not accept any liability for loss of any type caused by reliance on the information in this podcast....

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-415 Overview: Join us as we discuss the role of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in reducing the incidence and adverse outcomes of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Discover when, why, and how to prescribe PEP to better provide your patients with effective prevention options to help reduce rising STI rates and disproportionate impacts on women. Episode resource links: Stewart, J., Oware, K., Donnell, D., Violette, L. R., Odoyo, J., Soge, O. O., ... & Baeten, J. M. (2023). Doxycycline prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections in women. New England Journal of Medicine, 389(25), 2331-2340. https://www.cdc.gov/sti/php/from-the-director/doxy-pep-sti-prevention-strategy.html#:~:text=Doxy%20PEP%20has%20proven%20to,syphilis%2C%20chlamydia%2C%20gonorrhea). Guest: Mariyan L. Montaque, DNP, FNP-BC Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com   

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-415 Overview: Join us as we discuss the role of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in reducing the incidence and adverse outcomes of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Discover when, why, and how to prescribe PEP to better provide your patients with effective prevention options to help reduce rising STI rates and disproportionate impacts on women. Episode resource links: Stewart, J., Oware, K., Donnell, D., Violette, L. R., Odoyo, J., Soge, O. O., ... & Baeten, J. M. (2023). Doxycycline prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections in women. New England Journal of Medicine, 389(25), 2331-2340. https://www.cdc.gov/sti/php/from-the-director/doxy-pep-sti-prevention-strategy.html#:~:text=Doxy%20PEP%20has%20proven%20to,syphilis%2C%20chlamydia%2C%20gonorrhea). Guest: Mariyan L. Montaque, DNP, FNP-BC Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com   

Interview with Stephanie E. Cohen, MD, author of Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infection Trends, and guest discussant JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ. Hosted by Eve Rittenberg, MD. Related Content: Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infection Trends

Interview with Stephanie E. Cohen, MD, author of Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infection Trends, and guest discussant JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ. Hosted by Eve Rittenberg, MD. Related Content: Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infection Trends

In this episode, Jean-Michel Molina, MD, PhD, and Joseph J. Eron, Jr., MD, discuss results from key clinical trials on HIV prevention and treatment as well as sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention presented at IDWeek and Glasgow 2024, including:PURPOSE 1 and 2 comparing lenacapavir injection vs oral TDF/FTCTRIO Health Cohort and OPERA examining long-acting cabotegravir as PrEPDOLCE comparing DTG/3TC as first-line therapy in treatment-naive patients with HIVPRIDOX evaluating the use of DoxyPEP on STI incidence in men who have sex with men on PrEPPresenters:Jean-Michel Molina, MD, PhDProfessor of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Paris CitéHead of the Department of Infectious DiseasesHospital Saint-Louis and lariboisièreParis, FranceJoseph J. Eron, Jr., MDProfessor of Medicine, School of MedicineHerman and Louise Smith Distinguished ProfessorChief, Division of Infectious DiseasesDirector, Clinical Core, UNC Center for AIDS ResearchAdjunct Professor of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, North CarolinaLink to full program: https://bit.ly/3BBaZvJ

Send us a message with this link, we would love to hear from you. Standard message rates may apply. In this episode of Your Checkup, we dive into simple, effective ways to start managing acne at home. From understanding the importance of cleansing routines to selecting the right over-the-counter treatments, we'll guide you through the basics of skincare that can make a big difference. Tune in to learn how to tackle common triggers like excess oil, clogged pores, and inflammation, while also debunking popular acne myths that could be holding you back from clearer skin. Whether you're dealing with breakouts or want to prevent them, this episode is your starting point! Please find out detailed show notes below Acne BasicsAcne is the most common skin disorder in North America, affecting 85% of teenagers.Pimples form when skin cells block a hair follicle. This is made worse by oil (sebum) production and bacteria on the skin.Acne SeverityAcne can range from mild to moderate to severe.At-home treatments can usually handle mild acne. Moderate and severe acne usually require prescription medications from a primary care doctor or dermatologist.Acne Treatment LayersHygiene: Wash your face no more than two times a day with a gentle, non-soap cleanser and warm water. Don't use washcloths or loofahs.Moisturization: Use a non-comedogenic moisturizer, especially if other treatments dry out your skin.Sun Protection: Protect your skin from the sun with sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) or protective clothing. Too much sun can worsen acne and age your skin.Over-the-Counter Treatments for Mild AcneTopical Retinoids: Adapalene 0.1% gel is the only topical retinoid available over the counter in the US.Apply a thin layer to the entire affected area (don't spot treat) once a day, usually at night. Start every other night to reduce irritation, working up to every night over a few weeks.Use a pea-sized amount for the entire face and make sure your skin is dry.Don't use with benzoyl peroxide.Benzoyl Peroxide: Comes in cleansers, gels, lotions, creams, pads, masks, and washes. Concentrations range from 2.5% to 10%.Apply once a day.Benzoyl peroxide can bleach fabric and hair.Salicylic Acid: A good alternative if your skin can't tolerate topical retinoids.These treatments may take up to 12 weeks to work.Combination TherapyUsing benzoyl peroxide in the morning and a retinoid at night can be effective.Sometimes topical clindamycin is used with benzoyl peroxide.Treatment for Moderate to Severe AcneFor severe or widespread acne, or acne that's causing scarring, doctors will start systemic therapy right away, instead of waiting to see if topical treatments work.Doxycycline is an antibiotic that reduces inflammation and fights bacteria.Spironolactone is a medication that can help regulate hormones.IsotretinoinImportant NotesDon't pick or squeeze pimples: This can worsen acne and may cause swelling and scarring.Be patient: It can take several weeks for treatments to show results.Talk to a doctor: If you have concerns about your acne or at-home treatments aren't working,Support the showProduction and Content: Edward Delesky, MD & Nicole Aruffo, RNArtwork: Olivia Pawlowski

→→→ OPEN FOR MORE INFO ←←← Join RubyLynne in an eye-opening conversation with Jamey Bell, NP, the medical director for PASS and the Los Angeles LGBTQ Sexual Health Center. In this informative episode, we delve into the cutting-edge world of STI prevention and treatment, highlighting the importance of informed choices in today's dynamic sexual landscape. Inspired by a recent Twitter post where a content creator openly shared their safety practices with fans, RubyLynne seeks expert insights on navigating intimate encounters responsibly. Jamey Bell brings a wealth of knowledge to the table, discussing the latest advancements in STI protection, including the groundbreaking use of DoxyPEP to prevent Gonorrhea, Syphilis and Chlamydia. Tune in as we explore: 1. The evolution of STI prevention strategies and the significance of transparency within the adult industry. 2. A comprehensive overview of PREP and its role in HIV prevention. 3. The emerging role of Doxycycline as Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for bacterial STIs. 4. Practical tips for maintaining sexual health and wellness while engaging with multiple partners. 5. The impact of open dialogue on destigmatizing STI discussions and promoting safer sex practices. Whether you're a content creator, a sexual health advocate, or simply someone looking to stay informed and protected, this episode is a must-listen. Gain valuable insights from a leading expert and learn how you can take control of your sexual health with the latest in STI prevention. Don't miss out on this vital discussion that's shaping the future of sexual well-being. Subscribe to the podcast and hit the notification bell to ensure you catch this episode filled with life-saving information and empowering advice. Stay safe, stay informed! Follow Jamey Bell:   / jamey_np  https://x.com/jameynphttps://www.passcertified.org/https://lalgbtcenter.org/about/locati... Follow RubyLynne: https://rubylynne.bio#thegrannypantypodcast #rubylynne For questions or to be a guest on the show email GrannyPantyPodcast@gmail.com --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rubylynne/support

Welcome to Episode 39 of “The 2 View,” the podcast for EM and urgent care nurse practitioners and physician assistants! Show Notes for Episode 38 of “The 2 View” – Water beads, CRHK Pneumonia, STD treatments, malingering, and more. Segment 1 - Water Beads Joynes HJ, Kistamgari S, Casavant MJ, Smith GA. Pediatric water bead-related visits to United States emergency departments. Am J Emerg Med. ScienceDirect. Published October 2024. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675724003711?via%3Dihub Warning: Popular water beads may cause intestinal blockages in kids. News. UC Davis Health. Children's Health. Published December 13, 2022. https://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/a-warning-this-sensory-toy-is-life-threatening-if-swallowed/2022/12 Water Beads. United States Consumer Product Safety Commission. Cpsc.gov. https://www.cpsc.gov/Safety-Education/Safety-Education-Centers/Water-Beads-Information-Center Segment 2 - WHO Warns of Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumonia Antimicrobial Resistance, Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae - Global situation. Who.int. World Health Organization. Disease Outbreak News. Published July 31, 2024. https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2024-DON527 Choby JE, Howard-Anderson J, Weiss DS. Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae – clinical and molecular perspectives. J Intern Med. WILEY Online Library. Published November 2, 2019. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joim.13007 Segment 3 - STD Treatments Apato A, Cruz SN, Desai D, Slocum GW. Doxycycline adherence for the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Am J Emerg Med. ScienceDirect. Published July 2024. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0735675724002250?via%3Dihub The Center for Medical Education. The 2 View: Episode 9. 2 View: Emergency Medicine PAs & NPs. Published September 17, 2021. https://2view.fireside.fm/9 Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. Recommendations and Reports. CDC. Published July 23, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/rr/rr7004a1.htm#chlamydialinfections Segment 4 - Full-dose challenge of moderate, severe, and unknown beta-lactam allergies in the emergency department Anderson AM, Coallier S, Mitchell RE, Dumkow LE, Wolf LM. Full‐dose challenge of moderate, severe, and unknown beta‐lactam allergies in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. Wiley Online Library. Published August 2024. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acem.14893 Meghan Jeffres, et al. University of Colorado. Hypersensitivity Type. Beta-lactam allergy tip sheet. Unmc.edu. https://www.unmc.edu/intmed/_documents/id/asp/clinicpath-beta-lactam-cross-reaction-tip-sheet.pdf Milne K. SGEM#452: I'm Still Standing – After The Allergy Challenge. The Skeptics Guide to Emergency Medicine - Meet 'em, greet 'em, treat 'em and street 'em. Published September 14, 2024. https://thesgem.com/2024/09/sgem452-im-still-standing-after-the-allergy-challenge/ Segment 5 - Malingering Alozai UU, McPherson PK. Malingering. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. NIH. National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Last updated June 12, 2023. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507837/ Forrest JS. Rapid Review Quiz: Recognizing Malingering. Medscape. Published August 21, 2024. https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/1001346?ecd=WNLrrq240912MSCPEDITetid6820181&uac=255848DR&impID=6820181 Kadaster AK, Schears MR, Schears RM. Difficult patients: Malingerers, Feigners, Chronic Complainers, and Real Imposters. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Published February 2024. https://www.emed.theclinics.com/article/S0733-8627(23)00067-6/abstract Sherman EMS, Slick DJ, Iverson GL. Multidimensional Malingering Criteria for Neuropsychological Assessment: A 20-Year Update of the Malingered Neuropsychological Dysfunction Criteria. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. NIH. National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Published September 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7452950/ Recurring Sources Center for Medical Education. Ccme.org. http://ccme.org The Proceduralist. Theproceduralist.org. http://www.theproceduralist.org The Procedural Pause. Emergency Medicine News. Lww.com. https://journals.lww.com/em-news/blog/theproceduralpause/pages/default.aspx The Skeptics Guide to Emergency Medicine. Thesgem.com. http://www.thesgem.com Trivia Question: Send answers to 2viewcast@gmail.com Be sure to keep tuning in for more great prizes and fun trivia questions! Once you hear the question, please email us your guesses at 2viewcast@gmail.com and tell us who you want to give a shout-out to. Be sure to listen in and see what we have to share! Don't miss our upcoming EM Boot Camp this December in Las Vegas: https://courses.ccme.org/course/embootcamp/about

Welcome! Today, we're discussing my concerns with a single dose of doxycycline for a tick bite. Case Study: Ineffective Prophylactic Treatment I had a patient who took a single 200 mg dose of doxycycline within 24 hours of removing an engorged tick, thinking it would prevent Lyme disease. Unfortunately, seven months later, he was chronically ill with Lyme disease. He never developed a rash, and his lab tests for Lyme disease were negative. He eventually resolved his chronic illness with doxycycline followed by a combination of atovaquone and azithromycin. Co-Infections and Their Impact Ticks can harbor multiple infections, not just Lyme disease. In the Northeast, common co-infections include Ehrlichia, Anaplasmosis, Babesia, and Bartonella. These can lead to acute and chronic illnesses such as Lyme arthritis, Lyme carditis, chronic neurologic Lyme, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), and Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS). The Need for Effective PreventionEffective prevention following a tick bite remains a challenge. One study found that a ten-day antibiotic course failed to prevent Lyme disease. Another study suggested that a single 200 mg dose of doxycycline could be effective if taken within 72 hours of a deer tick bite in endemic areas.However, a single dose of doxycycline hasn't been shown to prevent common Lyme disease manifestations like Lyme arthritis, Lyme carditis, Lyme meningitis, POTS, or PANS. It also doesn't prevent co-infections such as Babesia. Concerns with Single Dose ProphylaxisA single dose of doxycycline raises several concerns. It may prevent the erythema migrans rash, which is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. It might also prevent a positive test result needed to confirm Lyme disease early.Discussing Treatment Options I discuss with my patients the risks of prophylactically treating with a single dose of doxycycline versus not treating at all. I've seen patients return with acute and chronic neurological symptoms after a single dose of doxycycline.I generally follow two approaches. Some patients are monitored closely without treatment and followed up after a month to check for any signs of Lyme disease or co-infections. Blood tests can be helpful in these cases. Other patients are treated for 3 to 4 weeks with a follow-up to assess the outcome.  Patients and their families unfamiliar with Lyme disease are more likely to opt for monitoring. Those with prior experience with Lyme disease often agree to antibiotic treatment with follow-up. Conclusion We need a preventive measure that effectively prevents both acute and chronic manifestations of Lyme disease and its co-infections. Although we're not there yet, understanding these challenges helps us move closer to effective solutions. Thank you for watching, and stay tuned for more insights on Lyme disease.

In this episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, we dive into the inspiring journey of Rayanne Marie Collins, a professional bodybuilder who has faced the challenges of Lyme disease head-on. From her early struggles with undiagnosed symptoms to her eventual diagnosis and ongoing treatment, Rayanne's story is one of resilience, determination, and the power of knowledge. Join us as we explore how Rayanne's passion for bodybuilding has played a crucial role in her battle against Lyme disease. Key Discussion Points: Introduction to Rayanne Collins: Age: 32 Location: Mooresville, NC Early Life and Pre-Lyme Struggles: Born and raised in Flint, Michigan. Undiagnosed symptoms from birth due to congenital Lyme disease. Childhood health issues: seizures, chronic infections, severe allergies, fainting, and early onset endometriosis. Adolescence and Early Adulthood: Struggles with depression, addiction, and severe menstrual pain. Initial flare-up at age 18, marked by gut pain and fainting spells. Bodybuilding Journey: Move to North Carolina at age 26. Finding passion and happiness in bodybuilding, leading to success in the NPC and IFBB. Severe health relapse during preparation for competitions, leading to multiple hospitalizations and a misdiagnosis of Crohn's disease. Lyme Disease Diagnosis: The turning point: Suspecting Lyme disease due to family history. Diagnosis at age 32 by Dr. Daniel Cameron. Additional diagnoses of Bartonella and Babesia. Treatment and Ongoing Battle: Initial treatments with Cat's Claw and other supplements. Current treatment with Doxycycline and Malarone. Use of IV glutathione, infrared sauna, and NAD infusions. Advice for Others: Importance of education and self-advocacy. The power of community and shared stories. Quotes: "Knowledge is power. Understanding Lyme disease and hearing others' stories can fill the void of feeling alone." "Despite the setbacks, I am determined to keep pushing forward and achieve my dreams." Conclusion: Rayanne Collins' story is a testament to the strength and resilience required to battle Lyme disease while pursuing one's passions. Her journey highlights the importance of awareness, early diagnosis, and the support of a community. Tune in to hear more about Rayanne's inspiring fight and the lessons she's learned along the way. Call to Action: Subscribe to the Tick Boot Camp Podcast for more stories of hope and resilience. Follow us on social media for updates and community support @TickBootCamp Visit our website for resources on Lyme disease and how to protect yourself and your loved ones.

Dr. Feldman on THE CURSE OF KNOWLEDGE - Doxycycline is better than minocycline - Psychoactive meds in pruritus - Anifrolumab for cutaneous JDM - Want to donate to the cause? Do so here! Donate to the podcast: uofuhealth.org/dermasphere Check out our video content on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@dermaspherepodcast and VuMedi!: https://www.vumedi.com/channel/dermasphere/ The University of Utah's Dermatology ECHO: ⁠https://physicians.utah.edu/echo/dermatology-primarycare - ⁠ Connect with us! - Web: ⁠https://dermaspherepodcast.com/⁠ - Twitter: @DermaspherePC - Instagram: dermaspherepodcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DermaspherePodcast/ - Check out Luke and Michelle's other podcast, SkinCast! ⁠https://healthcare.utah.edu/dermatology/skincast/⁠ Luke and Michelle report no significant conflicts of interest… BUT check out our friends at: - ⁠Kikoxp.com ⁠(a social platform for doctors to share knowledge) - ⁠https://www.levelex.com/games/top-derm⁠ (A free dermatology game to learn more dermatology!

First generics of heart failure drug gain approval; mRNA vaccine approved for RSV; CDC make drug recommendation for STI prevention; Advisory Committee vote on MDMA for PTSD; Rinvoq approval expanded

This week, Marianna sits down with Dr. Joseph McGowan to talk about DoxyPEP - or Doxycycline for Post-exposure Prophylaxis - as prevention for sexually transmitted infections. Tune in to hear all about what this is, how it's being used, and the latest guidance for healthcare providers. --Help us track the number of listeners our episode gets by filling out this brief form!  (https://www.e2NECA.org/?r=EAY6574)-- Want to chat? Email us at podcast@necaaetc.org with comments or ideas for new episodes. Check out our free online courses: www.necaaetc.org/rise-coursesDownload our HIV mobile apps:Google Play Store: https://play.google.com/store/apps/developer?id=John+Faragon&hl=en_US&gl=USApple App Store: https://apps.apple.com/us/developer/virologyed-consultants-llc/id1216837691

Episode 13 -  Advancements in STI Prevention: Insights from Dr Jean-Michel Molina Recorded Live at CROI 2024 on March 3, 2024In this episode of Going anti-Viral, Dr Michael Saag and Dr Jean-Michel Molina discuss recent developments in STI prevention, focusing on doxycycline as post-exposure prophylaxis (DoxyPEP) and the evaluation of a meningococcal vaccine for gonorrhea prevention in the ANRS Doxyvac trial. Recorded at CROI 2024, Dr Molina shares insights from clinical trials, including challenges with data analysis and implications for future STI prevention and vaccine research.00:00 Introduction to the Podcast and Guest 00:30 Innovative Approaches in Clinical Care with Dr Jean-Michel Molina00:54 Exploring the Impact of Doxycycline and Vaccines on STIs01:50 Challenges and Insights from Clinical Trials04:29 The Journey from Interim Analysis to Final Results09:27 Addressing Data Discrepancies21:05 Future Directions in STI Prevention and Vaccine Research26:46 Closing Thoughts and the Importance of Trustworthy Research__________________________________________________Produced by IAS-USA, Going anti–Viral is a podcast for clinicians involved in research and care in HIV, its complications, and other viral infections. This podcast is intended as a technical source of information for specialists in this field, but anyone listening will enjoy learning more about the state of modern medicine around viral infections. Going anti-Viral's host is Dr Michael Saag, a physician, prominent HIV researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and volunteer IAS–USA board member. In most episodes, Dr Saag interviews an expert in infectious diseases or emerging pandemics about their area of specialty and current developments in the field. Other episodes are drawn from the IAS–USA vast catalogue of panel discussions, Dialogues, and other audio from various meetings and conferences. Email podcast@iasusa.org to send feedback, show suggestions, or questions to be answered on a later episode.Follow Going anti-Viral on: Apple Podcasts YouTube InstagramTikTok...

On a new TAGS LIVE aka Talk About Gay Sex the live edition, Host Steve V and Co-host Teddy Alexis are in front of a live virtual audience with all new lgbtq topics, sex & relationship advice and more:Teddy talks recent birthday and his encounter with a Side...Is Steve V a Gym Whore?Shangela is now accused of sexual assault for the fifth time...Season 16 Q comes forth with their HIV Postive Status...why this matters...Paris Olympics gets rid of sex ban and will hand out 300,000 condomsLukas Gage addresses quickie marriage with Chris Appleton plus we talk 'soft launching' and 'hard launching' your new beau on social media...Doxycycline - are you comfortable asking your GP and would they prescribe it?Gooning - What is it and why you may want to try it...Advice: Random BB for someone who is newly single and is not on PrEP...Thirst Trap - where we vividly describe who took the hottest shot of the week!Get 20% Off Plus Free Shipping from our Sponsor JOYMODE. Visit usejoymode.com/tags Promo Code: TAGSFollow Teddy on Twitter: @teddyalexis or on IG: @teddyalexisSteve V's Link Tree: https://linktr.ee/stevev52Follow Steve V. on IG: @iam_stevevFollow Kodi's Life Coaching on IG: @kmdcoachingFollow Kodi Maurice Doggette on IG: @mistahmauriceWanna drop a weekly or one time tip to TAGSPODCAST - Show your love for the show and support TAGS!Visit our website: tagspodcast.comNeeds some advice for a sex or relationship conundrum? Ask TAGS! DM US ON IG or https://www.talkaboutgaysex.com/contactFollow Of a Certain Age on IG: @ofacertainagepod

Dr. Cremers goes over what Doxycycline is and how it is used.

Welcome to another episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, where we shed light on the tick-borne illness journey, offering hope, insight, and advice to our community. In this special episode, we are joined by the resilient and inspiring Tabitha Veazey, a 35-year-old Lyme warrior from Memphis, Tennessee, and co-hosted by Lacey Anderson, alongside Rich Johannesen. Tabitha shares her profound journey from the shock of diagnosis to her ongoing battle with Lyme disease, providing invaluable advice for those affected by Lyme and other tick-borne diseases. Episode Highlights: Introduction to Tabitha Veazey: Discover Tabitha's life before Lyme, filled with ambition, social activities, and academic pursuits, painting the picture of a bright future ahead. The Turning Point: Tabitha recounts the moment she found a tick on her back and the onset of severe symptoms that led her to seek medical attention, marking the beginning of her Lyme disease journey. Diagnosis and Treatment: Learn about Tabitha's path to diagnosis through a blood test confirmed by Dr. Timothy Callaghan and her comprehensive treatment involving Doxycycline, Amoxicillin, and Byron White herbs. The Role of Community and Holistic Healing: Tabitha emphasizes the importance of the Lyme community on Facebook and the significant role of herbal tinctures and probiotics in her recovery process. Adjusting to Life Post-Lyme: Tabitha shares how Lyme disease has altered her lifestyle, from her social activities to her dietary habits, and her approach to outdoor activities. Tabitha's Advice for Lyme Warriors: Offering words of wisdom, Tabitha encourages staying positive, embracing a healthy lifestyle, and exploring holistic treatments. She stresses the importance of immediate action following a tick bite and the crucial role of Lyme-literate physicians. Co-host Insights: Lacey Anderson and Rich Johannesen provide their perspectives, underscoring the importance of community support, early diagnosis, and the power of sharing personal stories to raise awareness and foster understanding. Key Takeaways: Empowerment through Education: Tabitha's journey underscores the importance of being informed and proactive in the face of tick-borne illnesses. The Power of Community: The support and knowledge shared within the Lyme disease community play a critical role in navigating the challenges of diagnosis and treatment. Holistic and Maintenance Care: The episode highlights the significance of holistic treatments and the necessity of maintenance care for long-term health and wellness. Advocacy and Awareness: Tabitha's story is a call to action for increased awareness and understanding of Lyme disease, advocating for early detection, proper tick removal techniques, and the pursuit of Lyme-literate medical professionals. Closing Thoughts: Tabitha Veazey's story is not just one of struggle, but of resilience, hope, and the journey towards healing. Her insights and advice offer a beacon of light for those navigating the complexities of Lyme disease. Join us as we explore Tabitha's inspiring journey, the lessons learned, and the path forward for Lyme warriors everywhere. Thank you for tuning into the Tick Boot Camp Podcast. Remember, knowledge is power, and by sharing our stories, we can make a difference in the lives of those affected by Lyme and other tick-borne diseases. Stay tuned for more episodes that connect, inform, and empower our community.

Episode 9 - Understanding The Implementation of Doxycycline Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (DoxyPEP) and Addressing Sexually Transmitted Infections with Dr Annie Luetkemeyer In this episode of Going anti-Viral, Dr Michael Saag has an insightful discussion with Dr Annie Luetkemeyer, a professor of medicine in the Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General at the University of California San Francisco.  Centering around the state of sexually transmitted infections in the United States, rising cases, strategies for control, and the promising role of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (DoxyPEP)00:02 Introduction to the Podcast01:31 Discussion on the State of Sexually Transmitted Infections05:21 Exploring the Concept of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis07:19 Understanding the Implementation of DoxyPEP10:23 Effectiveness of DoxyPEP17:41 Potential Side Effects and Concerns of DoxyPEP22:37 Future Prospects of DoxyPEP in STI Prevention28:04 Conclusion and Final Thoughts28:46 Podcast Closing Remarks__________________________________________________Produced by IAS-USA, Going anti–Viral is a podcast for clinicians involved in research and care in HIV, its complications, and other viral infections. This podcast is intended as a technical source of information for specialists in this field, but anyone listening will enjoy learning more about the state of modern medicine around viral infections. Going anti-Viral's host is Dr Michael Saag, a physician, prominent HIV researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and volunteer IAS–USA board member. In most episodes, Dr Saag interviews an expert in infectious diseases or emerging pandemics about their area of specialty and current developments in the field. Other episodes are drawn from the IAS–USA vast catalogue of panel discussions, Dialogues, and other audio from various meetings and conferences. Email podcast@iasusa.org to send feedback, show suggestions, or questions to be answered on a later episode.Follow Going anti-Viral on: Apple Podcasts YouTube InstagramTikTok...

Send us a Text Message.Join Dr. Sugerman and Dr. Z as they delve into the world of tick-borne diseases in pets. From diagnosis to treatment, they cover it all—sharing their expertise on recognizing symptoms, the importance of prompt intervention, and effective prevention strategies. Get ready to equip yourself with essential knowledge to keep your pets safe from these tiny yet formidable foes.What you will learn in this episode:Introduction to Tick-Borne Diseases:Dr. Sugerman and Dr. Z discuss the prevalence and significance of tick-borne diseases in pets.Diagnostic Challenges:Exploring the difficulties in diagnosing tick-borne diseases, especially when symptoms are non-specific.Treatment Protocols:Highlighting the use of antibiotics, with a focus on Doxycycline, for effective treatment.Addressing the importance of early intervention and potential complications if left untreated.Tick Removal Techniques:Emphasizing the importance of swift tick removal using tweezers and a steady, straight pull.Warning against twisting, as it may leave tick mouthparts in the skin.Preventive Measures:Advocating for year-round tick prevention, including the use of isoxazoline-based medications.Offering practical tips such as keeping yards groomed, reducing rodent populations, and using parasite preventatives.Lyme Disease Vaccine:Mentioning the availability of the Lyme vaccine in endemic areas.Flea and Tick Control Products:Comparing prescription options (e.g., Simparica Trio, Nexgard Plus) with over-the-counter products (e.g., Frontline, Advantage).Advising against non-Seresto flea collars due to ineffectiveness and potential toxicity.Year-Round Prevention:Stressing the importance of year-round parasite prevention for both fleas and ticks.Resources From This Episode: Show Us Your Ticks Website: https://www.showusyourticks.org/Center for Disease Control (CDC) Tick Page: https://www.cdc.gov/ticks/index.html Support the Show.Connect with me here: https://www.vetsplanationpodcast.com/ https://www.facebook.com/vetsplanation/ https://www.twitter.com/vetsplanations/ https://www.instagram.com/vetsplanation/ https://www.tiktok.com/@vetsplanation/ https://youtube.com/@Vetsplanationpodcast https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLVbvK_wcgytuVECLYsfmc2qV3rCQ9enJK Voluntary donations and Vetsplanation subscription: https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=DNZL7TUE28SYE https://www.buzzsprout.com/1961906/subscribe

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-358 Overview: In this episode, we explore new data that could reshape how we approach sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention in clinical practice. Discover how doxycycline can serve as prophylaxis for bacterial STIs in populations who are at high risk and come away with practical strategies for counseling patients on STI prevention. Tune in to enhance your clinical expertise and provide superior care to your patients. Episode resource links: Luetkemeyer AF, Donnell D, Dombrowski JC, et al. Postexposure Doxycycline to Prevent Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections. N Engl J Med. 2023;388(14):1296-1306.  Guest: Alan M. Ehrlich MD, FAAFP   Music Credit: Richard Onorato

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-358 Overview: In this episode, we explore new data that could reshape how we approach sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention in clinical practice. Discover how doxycycline can serve as prophylaxis for bacterial STIs in populations who are at high risk and come away with practical strategies for counseling patients on STI prevention. Tune in to enhance your clinical expertise and provide superior care to your patients. Episode resource links: Luetkemeyer AF, Donnell D, Dombrowski JC, et al. Postexposure Doxycycline to Prevent Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections. N Engl J Med. 2023;388(14):1296-1306.  Guest: Alan M. Ehrlich MD, FAAFP   Music Credit: Richard Onorato

An alarming rise in sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia, gonnorhea, and syphilis in the US calls for new prevention and treatment tactics. Dr. Matthew Hamill, a Johns Hopkins clinical researcher specializing in HIV and STIs, talks with Stephanie Desmon about DoxyPEP, or the use of antibiotic doxycycline after sexual contact. They discuss its effectiveness and availability, use in the context of antibiotic resistance, and why DoxyPEP isn't a silver bullet in the prevention of STIs.

The Sexually Transmitted Infections,chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are pervasive and increasing rapidly in the U.S. New evidence suggests that the antibiotic doxycycline could help prevent the spread of some bacterial infections if taken as post exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Joining me today to look at these proposed guidelines is Christopher Foltz, MD. Dr Foltz is an infectious disease specialist at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles.

How can you measure improvement in long COVID? Find out about this and more in today's PV Roundup podcast.

In this episode, Dr. Marguerite Urban and Dr. Daniela DiMarco discuss Doxy-PEP, a new tool for the prevention of bacterial STIs.  Drs. Urban and DiMarco are infectious disease faculty members at the University of Rochester, specializing in sexual health care. They were part of the team who authored the recently released New York State (NYS) Department of Health (DOH)  AIDS Institute's guidelines regarding Doxy-PEP. This episode is an introduction to the use of doxycycline as post exposure prophylaxis for bacterial STIs. The hosts will briefly review results from recent clinical trials as well as discuss concerns about risks and side effects. They will also present how guidelines for implementation (who, when and how) of Doxy-PEP have varied thus far and review the current recommendations of the NYS DOH guidelines. Related Content: https://www.hivguidelines.org/guideline/sti-doxy-pep/?mycollection=sexual-health https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2211934 https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2022/Doxy-PEP-clinical-data-presented-at-2022-AIDS-Conference.html NYSDOH STI Surveillance Report, 2021: https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/diseases/communicable/std/docs/sti_surveillance_report_2021.pdf CDC STI Surveillance Report, 2021: https://www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/2021/default.htm CEI toll free line for NYS providers: 866-637-2342 https://ceitraining.org/

Introduction: Host Rich Johannesen and special guest co-host Emma Pikoulas introduce the episode and the long-awaited interview with Nina Yagual. Nina's Background: Nina shares the unexpected tale of her birth in New York and growing up in Central Florida. Discussion about her childhood in Florida, the environment, and memories. The Onset of Lyme: Nina recalls being 24 when symptoms first appeared. The incident with a tick bite and the immediate aftermath. Nina's early medication journey: experiences with Doxycycline and initial treatments. Diagnosis & Validation: The struggles of not having health insurance and the subsequent journey to get diagnosed. Nina's experience with an herbal protocol. The importance and significance of a formal diagnosis and the emotional relief it brought. Embracing a New Lifestyle: Nina's transformative journey: recognizing triggers, managing stress, and the significance of diet. An in-depth look into her new custom herbal blends tailored to her needs. The essence of decluttering and creating a calming environment at home. Acceptance & Relationships: Nina's approach to establishing boundaries and managing social interactions. Embracing freedom from societal constraints and focusing on personal well-being. The power of emotions and how Nina used them as tools in her healing journey. Serving the Lyme Community: Nina's ongoing outreach on platforms like Instagram. The significance of a safe, organized space, especially for those with chronic illness. Nina's previous interactions with Lyme patients before her own diagnosis. Conclusion: The hosts reflect on the episode and express gratitude for Nina's insights. Emphasizing the importance of early detection and treatment of Lyme. Call-to-action: Stay connected with us for more inspiring journeys and insights into overcoming challenges. Subscribe and leave us a review! Note: The show notes provide a summarized overview of the podcast episode. For a complete understanding and more in-depth discussions, please tune in!

There's now a morning after pill for men who have sex with men. Doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis, known as "doxy- PEP" can be taken up to 72 hours after unprotected sex and is effective at preventing syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhoea. Around 40 of Australia's leading sexual health physicians have now agreed that doxy-PEP, should be considered for the prevention of some STIs among men who sleep with men. In this episode of The Briefing we speak with one of them - sexual health specialist at the Kirby Institute Vincent Cornelisse about what this new medication means.   Headlines: FIFA bans former Spanish soccer boss for 3 years Former Prime Ministers sign joint statement on Middle East crisis Qantas to defend itself over claims of deceptive conduct Barbie among the most popular costumes for Halloween    Follow The Briefing:Instagram: @thebriefingpodcast Facebook: TheBriefingNewsAUTwitter: @TheBriefingAU  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On October 2, 2023, CDC published draft guidelines on the use of Doxy PEP, or Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis, to prevent bacterial STIs. This episode reviews the guidelines' rationale, literature, side effects, antibiotic resistance, and recommendations. View episode transcript at www.std.uw.edu.This podcast is dedicated to an STD [sexually transmitted disease] review for health care professionals who are interested in remaining up-to-date on the diagnosis, management, and prevention of STDs. Editor and host Dr. Meena Ramchandani is an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Washington (UW) and Program Director of the UW Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program. 

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis have recently gotten attention as ways to prevent sexually transmitted infections. JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ, discusses postexposure prophylaxis using doxycycline (doxyPEP), with Kenneth H. Mayer, MD, professor of medicine and global health at Harvard and medical research director at Fenway Health in Boston. Related Content: Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Welcome to our Tick Boot Camp Podcast podcast where we delve into the personal stories of those bravely fighting chronic Lyme disease. Today's special guest is Isabella Trubbianelli, a young Brazilian physical therapist and businesswoman who faced Lyme disease head-on. Starting the Journey The Unexpected Beginning Our conversation kicks off with Isabella's first experience noticing the strange symptoms that marked the start of her Lyme disease journey. The Professional Struggles Isabella reveals how she tried to balance her condition with a very active profession, running her own Pilates studio and physical therapy office. Dealing with Symptoms and the Diagnosis The Mysterious Onset Isabella walks us through the moment when she started to experience debilitating symptoms, which she initially mistook for a severe migraine. The First Revelation The diagnosis took a turn when Isabella connected her symptoms to a tick bite she had almost six months prior, leading her to suspect Lyme disease. Understanding Lyme Disease Lyme Disease Research Isabella talks about the research she conducted once she suspected Lyme Disease. She shares the challenges she faced and the support she received during this process. The Treatment and Recovery The Journey of Healing Isabella chronicles her medical journey, from receiving an initial prescription for 30 days of Doxycycline in late 2020 to her eventual remission in May 2022. The Impact on Personal and Professional Life Discussing her life during treatment, Isabella reveals the toll it took on her both personally and professionally, leading her to question her future in the profession she loves. Life Post-Lyme Disease Reinventing Practice After overcoming Lyme disease, Isabella discusses her return to work and how she had to reinvent her professional practice to accommodate her new reality. Importance of Resilience She talks about how she rebuilt her life post-recovery, focusing on the importance of resilience and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Wellness and Balance A Balanced Life Isabella emphasizes the importance of maintaining balance in life, incorporating exercise, mental health, social life, and work to ensure wellness. Appreciating Life Isabella reflects on the lessons she has learned, highlighting the importance of appreciating the small things in life and being grateful for every day. Making a Difference Raising Awareness Finally, Isabella talks about her desire to raise awareness of Lyme disease and how she has used her platform on Instagram to create a supportive community for those affected by this disease. Closing Thoughts As we wrap up the podcast, we reflect on Isabella's inspiring journey from diagnosis to recovery and her mission to spread awareness about Lyme disease, making her story a beacon of hope for many. Thank you for tuning in to our podcast. Be sure to join us next time for another inspiring journey.

Welcome to Episode 369 of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast where we are joined by the resilient Kerri Evans Seago. Kerri shares her insightful and emotional journey dealing with Lyme disease, not only personally but as it afflicted her family as well. Introduction: Kerri Evans Seago is welcomed to the Tick Boot Camp podcast by Rich Johannesen from Tick Boot Camp and special guest co-host Cassidy Colbery. Background: Kerri opens up about her childhood, moving around Texas due to her dad's role as a Texas game warden, her severe allergies and eventually settling down with her husband 15 miles from her hometown, Abilene, TX. Lyme Disease Diagnosis: Kerri talks about how her mother had Lyme disease, and how this experience impacted the understanding of her own diagnosis. Kerri's son, Brady, was also diagnosed with Lyme disease, further complicating their family's struggle with the illness. Lyme Disease Symptoms and Treatments: Kerri shares the struggles and success in treating her Lyme disease. She discusses the different treatments like Doxycycline, and the toll these medications took on her body. She goes into detail about the physical manifestations of her illness, like brain fog and head pressure. The Benefits of Ozone Therapy and Lymphatic Drainage: Kerri delves into her experiences with ozone therapy and lymphatic drainage, two therapies that have proven to be beneficial for her. These treatments have contributed to better sleep and symptom reduction. Living and Learning with Lyme: Kerri emphasizes the importance of healthy living habits she and her son have adopted, owing much of their progress to their new diets. She also touches on how integral being a part of the Lyme community has been on her journey. Dealing with POTS: Kerri talks about her battle with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) and the strategies she uses to manage it, including Alka-Seltzer gold and a PEMF machine. The Learning Journey: The hosts and Kerri discuss the importance of continually learning and adapting during the Lyme disease journey. It's about evolving and not letting Lyme define you. Final Thoughts: The hosts close by discussing the journey of recovery from Lyme and the importance of understanding how stress and trauma can trigger our fight or flight response, further complicating our health situation. Please tune in to Episode 369 of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast to hear more about Kerri Evans Seago's multi-generational Lyme experience and how she is managing life with Lyme.

Buck discusses Yamanaka Factors and recent experiments where a team led by David Sinclair was successful in reversing cellular age applying the concepts in an experiment. 00:00:02 - Is it possible to stop or even reverse the aging process? 00:01:48 - 2012 research by Shinya Yamanaka - Yamanaka Factors  00:02:50 - Pluripotent stem cells 00:03:08 - Revolutionary discovery for the world of regenerative medicine  00:03:28 - Salk Institute study using mice with progeria 00:03:55 - Doxycycline and improvements in signs of aging 00:04:26 - David Sinclair's research to regenerate optic nerves in mice to restore vision 00:04:49 - David Sinclair's book on aging research called Lifespan 00:05:20 - Epigenome and the aging process 00:06:15 - Horvath lab and using Yamanaka factors to reset epigenetic clocks in rats

Doxycycline, a cheap and widely available antibiotic, is gaining attention as a promising new way to prevent the spread of some sexually transmitted infections. But some health officials are raising concerns that wider use of the preventative antibiotic could breed drug resistance. Washington Post journalist Fenit Nirappil joins Laura Barrón-López to discuss. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Doxycycline, a cheap and widely available antibiotic, is gaining attention as a promising new way to prevent the spread of some sexually transmitted infections. But some health officials are raising concerns that wider use of the preventative antibiotic could breed drug resistance. Washington Post journalist Fenit Nirappil joins Laura Barrón-López to discuss. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

This episode reviews three 2023 studies on the effectiveness of Doxy-PEP, or Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis, to prevent bacterial STIs in MSM, transgender women, and cisgender women. As more patients ask about Doxy-PEP, the episode discusses important counseling points.  View episode transcript and the studies at www.std.uw.edu.This podcast is dedicated to an STD [sexually transmitted disease] review for health care professionals who are interested in remaining up-to-date on the diagnosis, management, and prevention of STDs. Editor and host Dr. Meena Ramchandani is an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Washington (UW) and Medical Director of the Public Health – Seattle & King County Sexual Health Clinic. 

Sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk in high risk patients is a common problem compounded by antimicrobial resistance. Join host, Geoff Wall, with guest Amanda Bushman, as they discuss a new post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) therapy for STI prevention  The GameChanger Sexually transmitted infection incidence is higher than most clinicians suspect. Doxycycline may offer effective post-exposure prophylaxis for some HIV positive patients.   Show Segments [insert here]  Host Geoff Wall, PharmD, BCPS, FCCP, BCGP Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Drake University Internal Medicine/Critical Care, UnityPoint Health  Guest Amanda Bushman, PharmD, BCIDP Clinical Pharmacist, UnityPoint Health  References and Resources  Luetkemeyer AF, Donnell D, Dombrowski JC, et al. Postexposure Doxycycline to Prevent Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections. N Engl J Med. 2023 Apr 6;388(14):1296-1306. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2211934. PMID: 37018493; PMCID: PMC10140182.  Redeem your CPE here CPE (Pharmacist) https://learn.ceimpact.com/library/course/5768  Get a membership & earn CE for GameChangers Podcast episodes (30 mins/episode) Pharmacists: Get a membership https://www.ceimpact.com/  CE Information  Learning Objectives Upon successful completion of this knowledge-based activity, participants should be able to: 1. Discuss the DOXY-PEP study 2. Apply results of DOXY-PEP to patient care  0.05 CEU/0.5 Hr UAN: 0107-0000-23-XXX-H01-P Initial release date: XX/XX/2023 Expiration date: XX/XX/2024 Additional CPE details can be found here.Follow CEimpact on Social Media:LinkedInInstagramDownload the CEimpact App for Free Continuing Education + so much more!

This week we have special guest, Dr. Adam Spivak, to talk about the new study on doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis for STIs. Dr. Spivak is an infectious disease expert and works in both an HIV clinic and a free PrEP clinic. I also review the latest COVID-19 anticoagulation trial and a paper looking at rates of fracture non-union in people who receive bisphosphonates. Check it out! Doxycycline Post-exposure Prophylaxis for STIsHigh dose prophylactic anticoagulation in COVID-19Bisphosphonate and Rates of Fracture Non-unions Music from Uppbeat (free for Creators!):https://uppbeat.io/t/soundroll/dopeLicense code: NP8HLP5WKGKXFW2R

On a new TAGS LIVE aka Talk About Gay Sex, Host Steve V. and Co-host Kodi Maurice Doggette welcome Sex Coach Craig Cullinane to talk sex positivity.Halle Berry turns it out at Drag Brunch in WEHONYC Urologist arrested for fondling men in office visitDoxycycline if up to fight Std'sSpecial Guest: Craig Cullinane to discuss sex positivityWorld's most dangerous sex positionAdvice to listener on being bored in sex...Thirst TrapFollow us on IG: @tagspodcastFollow Steve V. on IG: @iam_stevevFollow Kodi's Life Coaching on IG: @kmdcoachingFollow Kodi on IG: @mistahmauriceTAGSPODCAST is Sponsored by Better Help. Get 10% Off your first month. Visit: BetterHelp.com/tagsJOYMODE is your pre-workout for sex! Spice things up in the bedroom and do it safely. Try JOYMODE and get 20% Off your first order with us. Go to usejoymode.com/TAGSWanna drop a weekly or one time tip to TAGSPODCAST - Show your love for the show and support TAGS!Visit our website: tagspodcast.comNeeds some advice for a sex or relationship conundrum? Ask TAGS! DM US ON IG or https://www.talkaboutgaysex.com/contactSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/talk-about-gay-sex-tagspodcast/exclusive-contentAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Functional medicine tests are definitely not mainstream medicine. Chronic Lyme disease and co-infections can easily go undetected. Dr. Tenesha Wards shares in-depth tests that are essential to helping us dig deep to find the root cause of our symptoms.EPISODE SUMMARY: In this episode, Dr. Tenesha Wards discusses various functional medicine tests that can provide valuable insights into identifying the root causes of chronic symptoms. Functional medicine tests are not widely recognized in mainstream medicine but are essential in uncovering conditions such as chronic Lyme disease and co-infections that may go undetected by conventional methods.01:35 Dr. Wards reveals the results of several tests, starting with blood work that can indicate low or high stomach acid levels. 06:07 She explains that high LDL and low HDL cholesterol levels can signify liver stress, while elevated C-reactive protein levels can indicate inflammation in the heart. 08:10 The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can explain chronic fatigue.10:10 Furthermore, Dr. Wards highlights the importance of the adrenal test, which measures circadian rhythms and helps assess stress levels. 11:51 Chronic infections can cause extreme stress, and 13:09 stealth pathogens hide within the body. When good bacteria levels are high, it may indicate an ongoing fight against something harmful. 14:49 Additionally, the episode discusses the presence of microscopic parasites, 16:30 the testing of brain chemicals for medication determination, and 17:18 pharmacogenetic tests for personalized medication selection.19:06 The episode also covers mold testing to identify mycotoxins and 20:49 the ERMI test to determine if there is mold in one's home. 21:15 An MTHFR genetic mutation is mentioned, which can indicate poor detoxification ability. 21:58 Functional medicine Lyme tests are emphasized for their increased accuracy in detecting Lyme disease, 23:19 as only 30% of tick bites leave a bullseye rash. 23:30 If caught within six months, Lyme disease is treatable with Doxycycline.23:57 Dr. Wards explains that stealth pathogens can build biofilm protective shells. 24:11 And the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, responsible for Lyme disease, has a corkscrew-like shape that allows it to spiral into the body. 25:07 Lymphatic massages can disturb the hidden pathogens.25:52 The episode highlights the global impact of Lyme disease, mentioning a 5,300-year-old ice mummy found to have Lyme. 26:55 Lyme disease is named after Lyme, Connecticut, 26:55 while the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi is named after the doctor who discovered it.RESOURCES:YourTruthRevealed.com/Infinity – Free eBook and Webinar by Dr Tenesha WardsYourTruthRevealed.com – Newsletter and Previous Seasons Thanks for listening! Please subscribe and rate the podcast.

On episode #23 of the Infectious Disease Puscast, Daniel and Sara review the infectious disease literature for the previous two weeks, 2/16 – 2/28/23. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Sara Dong Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Puscast! Links for this episode Association between cytomegalovirus infection and tuberculosis disease (JID) In-depth virological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 cure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Nature) Algorithm-based Clostridioides difficile testing as a tool for antibiotic stewardship(CMI) Clinical utility of nasal surveillance swabs in ruling-out MRSA infections in children (JPIDS) Antimicrobial for 7 or 14 days for febrile UTI in men (CID) Treatment strategy for rifampin-susceptible TB (NEJM) Current pyuria cut-offs promote inappropriate UTI diagnosis in older women (CID) Efficacy of doxycycline for mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia in adults (CID) Hospitalizations for unspecified mycoses and implications for fungal disease burden estimates (OFID) Invasive mold infections following Hurricane Harvey (OFID) Cryptococcal meningitis and clinical outcomes in persons with HIV (CID) Rapid range shifts in African Anopheles mosquitoes over the last century (Biology Letters) Neuroangiostrongyliasis: Rat lungworm invades Europe (ASTMH) Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis presenting as a symptomatic focal hypodensityin an immunocompromised patient (OFID) Low rates of antibiotics prescribed during telehealth primary-care visits persisted during COVID19 (ICHE) Music is by Ronald Jenkees

In this episode, Canadian HIV experts share their thoughts on some of the most important new insights from HIV treatment and prevention research over the past year.Specifically, the faculty discuss treatment strategies for patients with a history of NRTI resistance based on findings from the 2SD and NADIA trials; the latest data informing the use of 2-drug oral and injectable treatment regimens; prevention approaches for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections based on findings from the DoxyPEP, HPTN 083, and HPTN 084 trials; and other emerging innovations in HIV care.Presenters:Jean-Guy Baril, MDAssociate ProfessorFamily MedicineUniversité de MontrealMontreal, Quebec, CanadaAlexander Wong MD, FRCPCAssociate ProfessorDepartment of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanRegina, Saskatchewan, CanadaContent based on an online program supported by an independent educational grant from Gilead Sciences, Inc. and ViiV Healthcare.  Link to full program:http://bit.ly/3YD8T4E

Vanessa Nolet is a 29-year-old young woman from Quebec, Canada. She is working on finishing up a bachelor's degree in Healthcare Management. Prior to getting sick with Lyme disease, Ms. Nolet had a great life filled with friends and sports. She worked at a spa while going to college and was exposed to Freon during an accident which changed her life. Around this time, Ms. Nolet was bit by a tick and within a month she became very ill. She had chronic fatigue, whole body spasms, light sensitivity, body burning, ulcers, arthritis, irregular periods, autoimmune symptoms, and more. She visited many doctors, specialists, and hospitals in Canada before going to America for help where she was finally diagnosed. Nobody could figure out why she was sick. Some doctors misdiagnosed her with conditions such as Fibromyalgia, other pain disorders, and Lupus. Finally, at the age of 27, Ms. Nolet was diagnosed with Lyme disease in part thanks to Dr. Richard Horowitz's Multiple Systemic Infectious Disease Syndrome (MSIDS) questionnaire. She was treated with Doxycycline, Rifampin, Azithromycin, Naltrexone, AGE, and more with a specialist in Canada. If you would like to learn how a young woman from Canada fought for a root cause diagnosis and is now on the path to health, then tune in now! PS Johanna Laliberte special guest co-hosted this interview with Matt from Tick Boot Camp!