Podcasts about japanese emperor

"Preview: JAPAN: Conversation with author Evan Thomas ('Road to Surrender') regarding Japanese Emperor Hirohito seeking peace after learning the facts of the Hiroshima bomb. More later." 1922 Crown Prince Hirohito visits Taiwan

Matthew Fox and Riki Hayashi dive deep into the 2016 Japanese film Shin Godzilla. They explore how this installment in the iconic Godzilla franchise serves as a powerful metaphor for the devastating Fukushima Nuclear Accident of 2011. Join them as they unravel the layers of social commentary and critique woven throughout the film.Key Points:How does Shin Godzilla differ from previous Godzilla movies in its tone and style? Matthew and Riki discuss how the film is shot more like a documentary or mockumentary, emphasizing bureaucratic incompetence and red tape in the face of disaster.What parallels can be drawn between the events in Shin Godzilla and the real-life government response to the Fukushima Nuclear Accident? The hosts examine scenes that mirror the Prime Minister's actions during the crisis and the film's criticism of inadequate evacuation orders.Does Shin Godzilla take a stance on Japan's military and its role in national defense? Matthew and Riki explore the complexities of Japan's pacifist identity post-World War II and debate whether the film suggests a need for a stronger military presence.Other Topics Covered:The meaning behind the title "Shin Godzilla" and its cultural significanceThe absence of the Japanese Emperor in the film and its implicationsThe portrayal of the United States and its role in the movie's conflictThemes of national pride, rebuilding, and civilian ingenuity in the face of adversityComparisons to the more recent film, Godzilla Minus OneShin Godzilla proves to be a thought-provoking and socially relevant addition to the Godzilla franchise. Through its biting satire and poignant metaphors, the film sheds light on the complexities of governmental response to crises and the resilience of the Japanese people.  We've started the conversation. Now we want to hear from you!Want to continue the discussion with us? Agree or disagree with what we talked about, or add your own thoughts? We've got options for you!Email: ✉️ Matthew@TheEthicalPanda.com

The Imperial Household Agency released on Thursday 21 photos of Japanese Emperor Naruhito's family taken during their recent stay at a farm in Tochigi Prefecture, eastern Japan, and seven photos of cats related to the family.

We've got mail! Jonathan and Honey answer your questions about cinema, films, family and everything in between. The pair unpick over-hyped cinema (sorry All of Us Strangers), Jonathan being carried around like a Japanese Emperor, is the Mob Wife look back, and do we want IRL Reel Talk Q&As?Remember, if you want to get involved you can email us at reeltalk@global.comThanks for listening. Listen and subscribe to Reel Talk on Global Player or wherever you get your podcasts.**We'll be taking a week off next week - keep watching the movies, we'll see you back here the following week.**

In this month's episode of This Old Tree, host Doug Still introduces you to The Imperial Pine Bonsai. The stately "Imperial Pine" is the only bonsai ever to leave the Japanese Emperor's collection, and it resides at the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum at the U.S. National Arboretum in Washington, DC. Listen to the behind-the-scenes story about how it got there during a critical moment in diplomatic history between Japan and the United States.

This week's guest is Fatih Birol, Executive Director of the International Energy Agency and one of the world's foremost energy economists. Fatih has been in-post since 2015, and is a returning guest to Cleaning Up, having appeared on Episode 28, all the way back in January 2021. Under Fatih's leadership, the IEA has expanded its mandate to become a leading voice on clean energy technologies, energy efficiency and net-zero pathways.Few people have as clear a view on the entire energy sector as Fatih, so Michael headed to Paris and IEA HQ to hear insights on surging EV sales, the urgent need for grid modernization and expansion, and a reality-check on hydrogen's role on the path to net-zero. Make sure you like, subscribe, and share Cleaning Up. We're growing fast on LinkedIn, and we'd love for you tell your professional network about us: https://www.linkedin.com/company/cleaning-up-with-michael-liebreich/You can find everything you need to keep up with Cleaning Up here: https://linktr.ee/mlcleaningup Links and Related EpisodesWatch Fatih's first appearance on Episode 28 of Cleaning Up here: https://www.cleaningup.live/episode-28-dr-fatih-birol/Watch Episode 131 with Tzeporah Berman here: https://www.cleaningup.live/ep131-tzeporah-berman-canadas-controversial-queen-of-green/Read Fatih's latest thought leadership here:“COP28 is a moment of truth for the oil and gas industry's efforts on climate”: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/cop28-is-a-moment-of-truth-for-the-oil-and-gas-industry-s-efforts-on-climate“Where things stand in the global energy crisis one year on”: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/where-things-stand-in-the-global-energy-crisis-one-year-onFatih's official bio is available here: https://www.iea.org/contributors/dr-fatih-birolRead the IEA's flagship 2021 report, Net Zero by 2050: https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050In the news:Time: Exclusive: IEA Head Fatih Birol Wants The Fossil Fuel Industry To Set Climate Targets: https://time.com/6284159/iea-fatih-birol-oil-gas-emission-targets/Euractiv: IEA chief calls for ‘serious self-criticism' among EU's nuclear opponents: https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/iea-chief-calls-for-serious-self-criticism-among-eus-nuclear-opponents/ Guest BioDr Fatih Birol has served as Executive Director of the IEA since 2015, taking up his current position after rising through the ranks of the IEA over two decades, from junior analyst to Chief Economist. He has been named in TIME's annual list of the world's 100 most influential people and by Forbes as one of the most influential people in the world of energy. He chairs the World Economic Forum's (Davos) Energy Advisory Board. As Chief Economist at the IEA, he oversaw the World Energy Outlook series, the authoritative source for energy analysis and projections and flagship publication of the IEA. Fatih holds a BSc in Power Engineering from the Technical University of Istanbul, and an MSc and Ph.D. in Energy Economics from the Technical University of Vienna. Fatih is the recipient of numerous state decorations, including the French Legion of Honour and the Japanese Emperor's Order of the Rising Sun. 

On this day in 1871, the yen became the national currency of Japan.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

WORLD: Japanese emperor to visit Indonesia | June 10, 2023Subscribe to The Manila Times Channel - https://tmt.ph/YTSubscribe Visit our website at https://www.manilatimes.net Follow us:Facebook - https://tmt.ph/facebookInstagram - https://tmt.ph/instagramTwitter - https://tmt.ph/twitterDailyMotion - https://tmt.ph/dailymotion Subscribe to our Digital Edition - https://tmt.ph/digital Check out our Podcasts:Spotify - https://tmt.ph/spotifyApple Podcasts - https://tmt.ph/applepodcastsAmazon Music - https://tmt.ph/amazonmusicDeezer: https://tmt.ph/deezerStitcher: https://tmt.ph/stitcherTune In: https://tmt.ph/tunein #TheManilaTimes Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Ben and Matt talk about the new COVID rules in Japan, promotional ideas to grow bullet train (Shinkansen) users, and some very interesting things about the Japanese Emperor that most people don't know.Sponsors:Bearfoot BarLocated in downtown Sapporo, walking distance from the subway station. There are  variety of Japanese made craft bottled beers. A wide range of regular and unique spirits and basic cocktails also available. Burgers and pub style snacks. With friendly English and Japanese speaking staff.  https://www.facebook.com/bearfootbar The Red House Located in the heart of Rusutsu Ski Resort, just cross the main road and it's behind the Seicomart Convenience store. The restaurant features a mix of Japanese, Asian fusion, and western Style dishes, including shabu-shabu with wagyu beef and Hokkaido wagyu beef steak. Open winter and summer, 12-3pm for lunch, 5-9pm for dinner, with prices ranging from under Yen 1000 to about Yen 5000. https://theredhouse.jp/ Rusutsu LodgesOpen all year round. Located 5 minutes walk to the main Rusutsu Ski Resort Gondola. There are Japanese, Western, and apartment style rooms with breakfast packages available. There's a Japanese sento (public bath), two convenience stores less than a minute walk, ski room and tune up tables, plenty of free parking space, and summer BBQ packages available. Check out the website for more information and availability. http://rusutsulodges.com Hokkaido GuideEstablished over 10 years ago, written by locals for locals and international tourists. The guide contains information on all types of businesses and locations around Hokkaido. There's information regarding all things Hokkaido such as sightseeing, nightlife, events, services, food and restaurants, entertainment, outdoor activities, and more. Currently offered in English and Thai, advertising space available. Check out website for everything you need to know about this beautiful prefecture. https://hokkaidoguide.com Use our Buzzsprout affiliate link to start your podcast today!  Website:https://www.voicesinjapan.com/ Follow us and check out our other content:https://youtube.com/@voicesinjapanpodcasthttps://twitter.com/voicesinjapanhttps://www.facebook.com/voicesinjapan/https://www.instagram.com/voicesinjapan/Get in touch: voicesinjapan@gmail.comSupport the show

The stately "Imperial Pine" is the only bonsai ever to leave the Japanese Emperor's collection, and it resides at the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum at the U.S. National Arboretum in Washington, DC.  Listen to the behind-the-scenes story about how it got there during a key moment in diplomatic history between Japan and the United States.GuestsKathleen Emerson-DellCurator of ExhibitionsNational Bonsai & Penjing MuseumU.S. National Arboretumwww.usna.usda.govMichael JamesCuratorNational Bonsai & Penjing MuseumU.S. National Arboretumwww.usna.usda.govConsulting EditorDavid Still IITheme MusicDiccon Lee, www.deeleetree.comArtworkDahn Hiuni, www.dahnhiuni.com/homeWebsitethisoldtree.showTranscripts available.Follow onFacebook or Instagram We want to hear about the favorite tree in your life! To submit a ~3 or 4 minute audio story for consideration for an upcoming episode of "Tree Story Shorts" on This Old Tree, record the story on your phone's voice memo app and email to:doug@thisoldtree.netThis episode was written in part at LitArts RI, a community organization and co-working space that supports Rhode Island's creators. litartsri.org

Thoughts & prayers, Jeremy Renner. Moscow Murders episode later today. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/bling-viera/message

The former village Kanbara in Gunma prefecture, originally buried by the volcanic eruption of Mount Asama in 1783, was shown to the public over the weekend. The Tenmei Eruption not only devastated the village but also remodeling the local landscape which has come to be known as the Pompeii of Japan. Meanwhile the Japanese Emperor and Empress on tour in Hyogo prefecture visited one of the world's fastest supercomputers, Fugaku, currently being used to study AI in the field of life science, predict future weather patterns and embrace the future of quantum computing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dennis Altman is an avowed Australian republican, but he can see the use of constitutional monarchies in times of transition. The question is: do they have the ability to withstand pressure from autocrats?

Dennis Altman is an avowed Australian republican, but he can see the use of constitutional monarchies in times of transition. The question is: do they have the ability to withstand pressure from autocrats?

On this episode of the Sofa King Podcast, we look at Aum Shinrikyo, the Japanese “Death Cult” lead by the mysterious (and crazy) Shoko Asahara. Aum made international headlines in 1995 when they attacked the Tokyo subway system with Sarin gas killing 13 people and wounding thousands, but this bizarre cult did (and planned) a lot more than that. Their leader, Asahara, was born mostly blind to a poor family with seven kids. Once he graduated high school, he was unable to get admitted to a college and started to study Chinese herbalism and medicine as well as acupuncture, yoga, meditation, and various religions. He started his group innocently enough as a studio for yoga, but as he recruited some of the best minds from top Japanese universities, things took a dark turn. His religious teachings started to focus on the Bible's Revelations and even the predictions of the end of the world by Nostradamus. He became obsessed with the US and thought they would start WWIII and nuke the world. Well, we still might to be fair, but he said it would happen in 1997. Best of all, by 1992, he declared himself the new Jesus, the rightful Japanese Emperor, and the Lamb of God. Logically, this meant he needed to form groups of special soldiers who would overturn the Japanese social orders with mass killings to let him take the throne. And we thought American cult leaders had all the crazy! So, tune in to hear about how they pulled off the Sarin attacks and a previous attack in Matsumoto. After the Subway attack, Aum went on a killing spree, trying to assassinate government officials and even attempting to detonate a Cyanide canister in a busier Tokyo Subway just a few weeks later. We discuss how they manufactured their WMDs, various murders their cult performed, and even a plan to spread poisonous gas to all of Tokyo by deploying it with a Soviet made Mil MI-17 helicopter they bought from some of their 30,000 Russian cult members. But above all that, what makes them the cult to end all cults? Anime! That's right, theu produced anime and comic books to recruit people, and the footage (as well as a sweet dance video) can still be found on YouTube. They are totally worth watching, and this episode it totally worth listening to.  

[This episode] The Unique Features of the Japanese Emperor日本の天皇－－その特異性 #podcast #JapanHistroy #JapaneseHistroy #LearnJapanese #Japan Magazine subscription is here!

Join Adam, Jeff, and nick as they discuss WW2 Japan and their emperor at the time. Jeff gets almost every fact wrong and Nick corrects him all while Adam ties it all together with Hamilton. Follow along for some great facts about WW2 and Japan during that time period! Join our Patreon and follow us on social media at https://linktr.ee/youh82cit

Join Adam, Jeff, and nick as they discuss WW2 Japan and their emperor at the time. Jeff gets almost every fact wrong and Nick corrects him all while Adam ties it all together with Hamilton. Follow along for some great facts about WW2 and Japan during that time period! https://linktr.ee/youh82cit

This week Black Ferns Sevens Captain Sarah Hirini and two-time Olympic champion rower Hamish Bond were named New Zealand's flag bearers for the Tokyo Olympics.Two thoughts spring to mind. Firstly, congratulations. How cool that a change in Games rules means that for the first time we'll have a male and female athlete jointly carrying the New Zealand flag at an Olympic Games Opening Ceremony. It's not the first time two athletes have shared flag carrying duties. In 2016, Peter Burling and Blair Tuke were both announced as flagbearers, but only Burling got carry the flag. I'm presuming this year Hirini and Bond will have a flag each?My second thought was, how is it possible these Olympics Games are happening at all? A world full of medical experts and epidemiologists, and the people of Japan, have been asking the same question for months. For good reason. It's simply absolutely bonkers for thousands of athletes, officials and journalists to travel from all over the world to Japan at this time.The Japanese Prime Minister may have recently lifted the state of emergency in Tokyo, but health officials have seen an increase in COVID-19 cases since. On Friday, the Japanese Emperor announced he's "extremely worried" about the Tokyo Olympics and the potential spread of COVID-19 it may cause.But in one of the most stoic examples of ‘keep calm and carry on' the Toyko Olympics are set to open on July 23rd. If you're wondering why it hasn't been postponed or cancelled; it comes down to a mix of money, pride and pressure. The IOC can't afford to lose revenue from broadcasting rights and advertisers.When it comes to pride, the Olympics is a branding exercise for the host country. It would also be hard to justify a controversial $15.4 billion investment in a new stadium which never got its day in the sun.And then there's the pressure and expectations from the athletes; about 11,100 for the Olympics and another 4,400 for the Paralympics who have already put their lives on hold for a year waiting for these Games. Taken together, it's all led to common sense being abandoned. Ignored, thrown over the back fence – pick your description.But, given it is going to happen maybe it's time for an attitude adjustment.Instead of anticipating the worst perhaps we should put our optimist pants on, cross our fingers, and consider this a global study into how the world re-integrates.The questions confronting countries who took an elimination approach are around how we live with a virus which isn't going away? How do we open up to the rest of the world?  When should we feel safe to get on with our lives – make plans, go visit family or friends around the world?The Olympics will be an incredible test for vaccine efficacy. A group of people are volunteering to travel from around the world to spend time together. So let's watch and learn as they embrace social distancing, mask use, vaccination, and testing.Imagine if the Olympics became more than stories of glory and dreams come true. What if, and I know it's a big what if, the Covid impact wasn't what we fear.Could Tokyo 2021 be a much bigger story of hope and progress. LISTEN ABOVE    

Today we continue our journey through the story of the Japanese islandsThere are several specific topics that I would like to take a deeper dive into but I want to make sure that we have some basic ground covered before we get too deep into it.Throughout these 13 episodes, We will cover the entire span of Japanese history, from the early hunter-gatherers of the Jomon to the Newest Era, Reiwa. This will introduce the general outline of Japanese  history for those who are not familiar and will begin to contextualize famous events and people Music Credits: Opening: The Wind by Komiku Closing: Escaping_like_Indiana_Jones by Komiku

Named one of the most influential people in the energy sector by the Forbes magazine and the energy personality of the year by the Financial Times in 2017, Fatih Birol is one of the most important voices in the energy world. He is the Executive Director of the International Energy Agency, leading it for the second four-year-term now. Dr Fatih Birol has been instrumental in its modernisation process. He is also one of the few heads of an international organisation who have worked their way up through the ranks.BioDr Fatih Birol is the Executive Director of the International Energy Agency. He was first appointed in 2015 and re-elected in 2018 for the second term. During his time in office, he modernised the Agency, focusing his efforts on involving major emerging economies in the Agency’s works, broadening IEA’s security mandate and making the IEA the hub for clean energy technologies and energy efficiency. Before becoming the Executive Director, Fatih Birol worked his way through the ranks for 20 years: from junior analyst to the Chief Economist. He was responsible for the Agency’s flagship publication, the World Energy Outlook.  After earning his BSc in power engineering at the Technical University of Istanbul, he went to the Technical University of Vienna where he completed his MSc and Ph.D. in energy economics. He has been recognised globally for his outstanding work: from the Japanese Emperor's Order of the Rising Sun to the highest Presidential awards from Austria, Italy and Germany. And, what probably made him equally happy, an honorary life member of Galatasaray Football Club.  LinksOfficial Bio:https://www.iea.org/authors/dr-fatih-birolOfficial Website:https://www.iea.org/Sustainable Recovery Plan (June 2020)https://www.iea.org/reports/sustainable-recovery5 reasons we should be optimistic about the world’s clean energy future (September 2020)https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/09/covid-19-green-energy-solar-wind-electric/We must act now to stop the Covid crisis from undermining Africa’s energy future (November 2020)https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-must-act-now-stop-covid-crisis-from-undermining-africas-birol/Renewable power is defying the Covid crisis. Here’s how its growth can accelerate even more (November 2020)https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/renewable-power-defying-covid-crisis-heres-how-its-growth-fatih-birol/How Southeast Asia’s dynamic economies can power ahead with their clean energy transitions (October 2020)https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-southeast-asias-dynamic-economies-can-power-ahead-fatih-birol/The Covid crisis underscores the critical choices we face for our energy future (October 2020)https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/covid-crisis-underscores-critical-choices-we-face-our-fatih-birol/3 Questions: Fatih Birol on post-Covid trajectories in energy and climate (October 2020)https://news.mit.edu/2020/fatih-birol-covid-energy-trends-1022 IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol on What is Starting to Bring Oil Markets Back to Balance (May 2020)https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200515005091/en/IEA-Executive-Director-Fatih-Birol-on-What-is-Starting-to-Bring-Oil-Markets-Back-to-Balance-Early-Signs-of-Recovery-in-Global-Energy-Demand-and-Why-Predictions-for-the-Demise-of-U.S.-Shale-are-%E2%80%9CPremature%E2%80%9DAbout Cleaning UpOnce a week Michael Liebreich has a conversation (and a drink) with a leader in clean energy, mobility, climate finance or sustainable development.Each episode covers the technical ground on some aspect of the low-carbon transition – but it also delves into the nature of leadership in the climate transition: whether to be optimistic or pessimistic; how to communicate in order to inspire change; personal credos; and so on.And it should be fun – most of the guests are Michael’s friends.Follow Cleaning Up on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MLCleaningUp​Follow Cleaning Up on Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/clea...​Follow Cleaning Up on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/MLCleaningUp​Links to other Podcast Platforms: https://www.cleaningup.live​

Uncle Dave (not host Dave) is dying and it's time for him to try to redeem himself! He meets with the Japanese Emperor, has an interview, and corresponds a lot with Prince Charles. Meanwhile, Charles and his sister Ann are causing a rift in the relationship between Camilla Shand and Andrew Parker Bowles. Who's playing who? Find out on the pod! Support the LoG by following us on all of your favorite social media platforms!

Episode is about JAPAN and Japanese Imperial House and its involvement in World war where Japan plays important role. ( Opening song Is Japanese folk song 'Soran Bushi' smithsonian folkways recordings provided by Orchard) Enterprises https://youtu.be/NC0FWd9kapo --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kahani/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kahani/support

President Truman put out an announcement that the United States had officially received the unconditional surrender of Japan. As many people throughout the world celebrated that WWII was over, the Japanese Emperor spoke out for the first time about their tragic loss.

President Truman put out an announcement that the United States had officially received the unconditional surrender of Japan. As many people throughout the world celebrated that WWII was over, the Japanese Emperor spoke out for the first time about their tragic loss.

Had you to guess a kingdom to offer decades of resistance to the Mongols at the height of their power, Korea might not have been high on your list. Situated close to Mongol dominated North China and first coming to Mongol attention at the start of the 1220s, it took until the beginning of the 1260s for the peninsula to be firmly under Mongol rule. Today’s episode will detail the long and devastating Mongol war in Korea and the final subjugation during the reign of Great Khan Mongke. I’m your host David, and this is Kings and Generals: Ages of Conquest.   By the 13th century the Korean peninsula had been ruled by the house of Wang since 918. Their kingdom was called Koryo [also written Goryeo (Gor-yeo)], a shortened form of the name of the more ancient Korean Kingdom of Kokuryeo (kok-ur-yeo) [also written Goguryeo] which fell in 668 CE. Both terms are the origin of the modern name for the peninsula. Smaller in scale than the empire of Kokuryeo, the 13th century Koryo kingdom’s territory did not extend much past the Yalu river. Staunch Buddhists, the Kingdom of Koryo was a major player in regional trade and commerce, and a centre of art and culture, and was a proud state. Successfully resisting invasions by the Khitan Liao and Jurchen Jin, Koryo entered into tributary relationships with both but maintained its internal autonomy, and unique worldview where the Korean King was essentially also son of Heaven, alongside the Chinese monarch who traditionally held the title. Similar to the contemporary Song Dynasty, military roles were subservient to the civilian classes and excluded from powerful civil positions. Despite the military being key to repulsing the Jurchen invasion of the 1120s, they gained no recognition, or promotions, for their efforts. Conditions worsened over the 12th century when revolts needed the military to be crushed. During the reign of King Uijong from 1146-1170, matters came to a head. More interested in visiting Buddhist temples than governing, under Uijong, corruption peaked. Government institutions were controlled by aristocratic families competing with the central government, the court was divided among factional lines and critics were exiled. These grievances fed into existing frustrations of the military leaders, ultimately culminating in a coup by the general Chong Chungbu in 1170. The King was dethroned in favour of a brother, and military leaders assumed most of the top offices. This was the beginning of a century of military dictatorship in Korea, its kings reduced to puppets. It was a system remarkably similar to the shogunate established at nearly the same time by Minamoto no Yoritomo in Japan, wherein the Japanese Emperor still head his title and conducted ceremonial roles, but real power was held by the shogun- though after Yoritomo’s death in 1199, real power was held by regents, the shikken of the Hojo clan.    Chungbu struggled to exercise his authority and could not fix the problems facing Koryo; revolts across the country continued and Chungbu was ousted by rivals in 1178, followed in turn by a succession of generals vying for power. It was not until 1196 when the general Ch’oe Ch’unghon assassinated the military dictator. A skilled and brave warrior, Ch’oe Ch’unghon was also a patriot, and saw the years of failed military rule as a disaster for his career, and for Koryo. Ch’oe was adept at political maneuvering. After assassinating the current dictator, he met the King and explained his actions. Gaining royal approval, his authority was established quickly. With support of the Korean King- whom Ch’oe Ch’unghon soon replaced- as well as key military figures, Ch’oe rooted out rivals, skillfully threw bones to military officers, civil leaders and literati, and revitalized the dynasty. Authority was extended through existing dynastic institutions, reformed to weed out corruption but ensured loyal men were in control of those institutions. Marriage ties cemented political alliances, and Ch’oe Ch’unghon essentially established his own dynasty alongside the royal dynasty. He was careful to ensure that alternate power bases to his own were undermined: government military forces weakened while he built up his own private army. Knowing how to champion Zen Buddhism and Confucianism, Ch’oe Ch’unghon masterfully manipulated his public image and public works. Allowing the King to focus on ceremonial and religious roles, Ch’oe’s tight lease on government meant that, over the first decade of the thirteenth century, he felt his position on HIS peninsula to be quite secure.   But like so many others, Ch’oe Ch’unghon’s plans were upset by a little someone named Chinggis Khan. The Great Khan’s invasion of the Jin Empire began in 1211, during which the Korean ambassador to the Jin was killed in the fighting. We have little information on what the Koreans and Ch’oe Ch’unghon thought of the rapid Mongol conquest of the Jin. During these centuries, the Korean kingdoms were always concerned with their northern border with Manchuria, where the Manchurian tribesmen, be they Khitan or Jurchen, invariably proved dangerous foes, crossing to raid in small parties or conquer with full armies. As Jin Dynastic authority collapsed in their Manchurian homeland, the Koreans watched the north uneasily. There, aside from the ongoing warfare, two new states were formed: the first was a Khitan Kingdom in central Manchuria, a “restored” Liao Dynasty made subject to the Mongols in 1212. The second was in Eastern Manchuria and Russia’s Primorsky Krai, founded by the Jin defector Puxian Wannu in 1215, which soon submitted to the Mongols. The latter is often called the Kingdom of Ta-chen, Tung-chen or the Eastern Xia. The frontiers north of Korea were unstable, and Ch’oe Ch’unghon expected trouble would spill over his borders sooner or later.   In 1216 as many as 90,000 rebel Khitans displaced by Jin forces overran Wannu’s southern territory. A few months later, Mongols accompanied by loyal Khitans chased these rebel Khitans from Wannu’s borders. The rebels’ requests to Koryo for aid were denied, and stuck between the Mongols and Korea, the Khitans chose Korea. In autumn 1216 the Khitans blazed through the Korean border defences. Skilled horse archers, the Khitans drove deep into Korea, menacing the capital, modern Kaesong. Korean military resistance contained them to the northern half of the country. Aside from a brief foray back over the border to gain reinforcements in autumn 1217, the Khitans spent most of 1217 and 1218 pillaging and plundering in the northeast.    Unexpectedly, in winter 1218 10,000 Mongols under the command of Qacin and Jala, with 20,000 troops provided by Wannu, arrived in Korea. The Mongols sent a simple message to the Koreans: they would crush the rebel Khitans, requested troops and provisions from the Koreans to assist with this, and then would enter into the same tributary relationship the Koreans had with Liao and Jin. After a brief delay in answering the Koreans acquiesced, sending 1,000 picked troops and 1,000 bushels of rice. The rebels Khitans were crushed, and Korea began sending tribute to the Mongols in 1219.    Korea’s first Mongol experience was relatively peaceful. Though forced to send tribute, their cities had not suffered. Ch’oe Ch’unghon’s advancing age, failing health, and desire to pass his rule onto his son stopped him from taking any provocative actions. A keen observer, he had judged the danger of this new foe, expecting the relationship would differ little from Liao or Jin tribute demands. Ch’oe Ch’unghon died in late 1219, and was succeeded by his oldest son, Ch’oe U. A military man like his father, an effective administrator and decisive leader, though not quite as cautious, Ch’oe U helmed Koryo for the next two decades. Ch’oe U found Mongol demands were downright rapacious, especially for otter skins, highly desired for their water resistant properties. For a people who lived their entire lives outdoors, an otter-skin cap was a valuable product. The chief Mongol envoy to Korea, Ja’uyu (Chao-ku-yu), was said to have abandoned the rest of the tribute at the border and just kept the otter skins!   As we’ve noted in episodes past, when Chinggis Khan marched west against the Khwarezmian Empire in 1219 his general Mukhali was left to maintain pressure on the Jin Dynasty. With Mukhali’s death in 1223, the reduced Mongol military presence in north China and with Chinggis still in Central Asia, the political situation across the region changed dramatically. The end of hostilities between the Jin, Xi Xia and Song Dynasties around 1225 we’ve dealt with already, but changes occurred even in Manchuria and Korea. There, Puxian Wannu renewed his independence and asked for alliance with Koryo. The Koreans declined, but made their own moves. In 1225 the chief Mongol envoy to Korea, the aforementioned Ja’uyu (Chao-ku-yu), mysteriously disappeared while transporting the annual tribute north. The Koreans insisted it was bandits, but the Mongols put the blame square on Koryo.    Ogedai Khaan was enthroned in 1229 and immediately set about bringing the region to heel. The Jin Dynasty took his personal attention and was destroyed by 1234. Both Puxian Wannu and the Koreans were also to be punished. Initially the new Khaan demanded Korea aid in an attack against Wannu. With the failure of the Koreans to comply, Ogedai ordered an invasion of the peninsula, the first of six Mongol invasions. Led by Sartaq-Qorchi, the army crossed the Yalu River in autumn 1231. The attack was overwhelming; the government armies were annihilated in the field and the capital surrounded. There was some notable resistance at a few fortified cities, none more famous than the defence of Kuju. Famed for a victory over the Khitans in 1018, in late 1231 through early 1232 under the command of Pak So, the city withstood weeks of constant Mongol assault. The most famous event occurred early in the siege. The southern wall of the city was defended by Kim Kyongson and a skilled unit of pyolch’o, translated as Defense Command Patrol, Extraordinary Watches or Night Patrol. These were local troops from outside the regular army, an elite militia specializing in guerilla warfare. Sending most of the unit inside the city, Kim Kyongson led a group of 12 picked men before the south gate. Telling them “not to think of their lives and accept death as their fate,” Kim and his men withstood four or five Mongol charges. Taking an arrow to the arm, Kim and his forces stood proudly and girded the city to further resistance;  Attacks were launched on the walls day and night: carts of dry grass and wood were pushed to the gates to burn them, only to be destroyed by Korean catapults; a tower built before the walls to protect sappers was destroyed when the Koreans dug holes through their own walls to pour molten iron onto it. 15 large catapults were driven off by the Korean counter artillery; scaling ladders were toppled by Korean polearms. Bundles of sticks soaked allegedly in human fat, set aflame and hurled into the city could not be put out with water, but were smothered with mud and earth. Another catapult team through constant barrage made 50 breaches in the walls, which the defenders filled back in as the holes were made. After a month of terrible destruction but no success, the Mongol siege was lifted, deciding the city was protected by heaven.   Kuju city and other select settlements outlasted the central government. Military ruler Ch’oe U came to terms with the Mongols in January 1232, and was so frustrated that Kuju had continued to resist that he wanted to have its commanders, Pak So and Kim Kyongson, executed fearing Mongol retaliation. Here the Mongols are said to have interceded, saying: “Although he went contrary to our orders, he is a loyal subject of yours. We are not going to kill him now that you have already pledged peace with us. Would it be proper to kill the loyal subjects of all your cities?”   Still, Koryo had submitted to Sartaq-qorchi in the first month of 1232. The tribute demands were massive. 20,000 horses, 20,000 otter skins, slaves, royal hostages and clothing for 1 million men were demanded, alongside gold, silver and other treasures. The demands were impossible to meet; within a few months the Koreans had procured barely 1,000 otter skins. 72 Mongol darughachin were appointed to oversee Koryo, and Sartaq withdrew his forces, considering the peninsula conquered.    The Koreans were less keen to comply, however. The demands were onerous; while they sent much in gifts, they were unwilling to send royal hostages. Ch’oe U organized sambyolch’o units, a sort of paramilitary police force of the house of Ch’oe. By the end of spring 1232, Ch’oe held a meeting of his top ministers to decide the course of action. In June and July, the plan was struck. Ch’oe U, the King and the court moved from the capital at Kaesong to Kanghwa island offshore, making it the new administrative centre of Korea, protected by the experienced Korean navy. Mongol officials in Korea were murdered and the peninsula was in open revolt. Sartaq returned in fall 1232, blazing a trail of destruction across the northern half of the country until he was killed during a siege by a Buddhist monk turned archer, Kim Yunhu. On Sartaq’s death, the Mongol army withdrew.   The Mongols were not done with Korea. The defection of one Korean commander, Hong Pogwon, gave them control of Korea stretching north from Pyongyang, which Hong was made the overseer of. In early 1233 a Mongol envoy came with a list of grievances and demands, among them that Koreans had to fight against Puxian Wannu- though this came to naught, as Wannu’s kingdom, and the connection between his head and his neck, were removed from the scene later that year by armies under Ogedai’s son Guyuk. After the fall of the Jin Dynasty in 1234, a quriltai was held in Mongolia in 1235 to determine the next campaigns. Attacks were ordered against the Song Dynasty, Guyuk, Subutai and Batu were sent on the great western campaign, and another army, this time under Tangut Ba’atar, was sent to Korea.    Tangut Ba’atar’s invasion in summer 1235 was hugely destructive; with the assistance of Hong Pogwon by winter 1236, he had penetrated some 470 kilometres into Korea. The Koreans were unable to field armies against them, and alternative strategies were developed to respond. Just as the court had fled to Kanghwa Island, most of the population outside of fortified settlements was ordered to flee to coastal islands or mountain refuges, where they could escape Mongol riders. Offensives were limited to guerilla warfare, pyolch’o units launching surprise night raids, ambushes through mountain passes and striking small parties. Hitting quick and hard and making use of their excellent knowledge of local terrain, these small units were actually more mobile than the Mongols. It was a frustrating way of war for the Mongols, and when the Mongols got frustrated, the devastation only increased. Fortified settlements were left to fend for themselves, and when they did fall, the destruction was horrific. The countryside was ravaged, the death toll horrendous. The guerilla tactics could harass but not stop the Mongols, who in turn, unable to strike directly at the royal court or military dictator, could not immediately bring the country to submission. Korean defections to the Mongols were enormous; and in many respects the Ch’oe rulers had chosen a strategy to bring the most damage to their people.   By winter 1238, the Korean court was willing to come to talks with the Mongols to halt the destruction.  Tangut Ba’atar withdrew his forces with talks ongoing and it seemed the Koreans would pledge eternal submission. As the Koreans feared, the Mongolian idea of negotiated settlement was a bit different from their own. Alongside the expected tribute demands, the Mongols required a census, the court could no longer stay on Kanghwa Island, and the Korean King, at that time Kojong, had to present himself to the Mongol court. For the military ruler Ch’oe U, this presented an issue. His legitimacy rested on him being the one to control the King; Mongol demands would remove him from power. Peace on the terms the Mongols wanted could not be accepted as long as the Ch’oes wanted to remain in control. For two years the Koreans made excuses on not sending the King, Ch’oe U trying to find some room to maneuver. Finally, a ploy was decided on: a distant relation of the King was made up to be the Crown Prince, and thus Wang Sun was sent to Karakorum in 1241. The Mongols found out about the deception…. Some 14 years later. By then, he was a loyal member of the Mongol court and even married a daughter of Great Khan Mongke.   With the royal hostage sent in 1241 and resumption of tribute, Ch’oe U achieved a six year truce. The Mongols still wanted the royal court to return to the mainland though, and their envoys grew ever more insistent on the matter. Ch’oe U spent the next six years preparing defenses, building elaborate fortifications on Kanghwa Island and readying militia units.  Buddhist projects were consecrated to secure heavenly favours; the most famous was the recarving of the Tripitaka, the Buddhist scriptures, begun in 1237. Often called the Tripitaka Koreana, this was a massive project, over 80,000 wooden printing blocks carved, requiring thousands of scholars and 12 years to complete.   Guyuk was elected as Great Khan in 1246, and decided the Koreans had stalled long enough on returning the court to the mainland.  In Autumn 1247 an army under the general Amukhan and Hong Pogwon invaded. Official orders were sent for the countryside to be abandoned for coastal islands and mountain fortresses; guerilla attacks were launched; the northern half of the peninsula was desolated. The death of Guyuk in summer 1248 and Ch’oe U in winter 1249 brought a relative calm. Ch’oe U was succeeded by his son, Ch’oe Hang, who proved not the equal of his father or grandfather. More arrogant and hasty than his father, he struggled to maneuver the complicated politics of Koryo and Mongol attacks. Within a few months there was an attempted coup against him, and his reaction alienated major allies, at a time when they couldn’t afford to lose a single one.   In 1251 Mongke was confirmed as Great Khan; driven by the need to complete the conquests, the continued independence of Koryo was not something he could abide. Again, envoys demanded the Korean King visit the Mongol court and abandon Kanghwa island. Again, excuses were made.  King Kojong was too old and sickly for such a trip, but they could discuss the possibility of considering sending the Crown Prince. At the same time, the Koreans prepared for the expected invasion. At the quriltai in 1252 wherein Kublai was ordered against Dali and Hulegu against the Caliph in Baghdad, forces were organized to attack Korea. Prince Yeku invaded in August 1253 alongside Amukhan and Hong Pogwon. Envoys preceded him stating he was there to find out if King Kojong was as sick as he said he was. He had six days to comply and meet Mongol representatives on the mainland. Kojong actually met with Mongol envoys on the straits across from Kanghwa island, and achieved precisely nothing. Mongol forces rode and burned across the peninsula, inland settlements were abandoned for coastal and mountain defenses. Pyolch’o raids attacked Mongol parties, and Mongols destroyed the cities which fell to them. Yeku was held up and fell ill during the long siege of Ch’ungju, ably defended by Kim Yunhu, the same Buddhist Monk who had killed Sartaq some 20 years prior. Ultimately, Mongke recalled Yeku before the end of the year due to his feuding with another prince. Amukhan and Hong Pogwon continued the campaign for a few more weeks, organizing a brief effort at amphibious warfare: seven captured Korean ships landed troops on Kal Island in early 1254, to no great result. Amukhan pulled the troops back in spring, returning in August with reinforcements under Jalayirtai Qorchi.   Jalayirtai brought a variation on the Mongol demands for submission. Now ministers and people had to shave their heads in the Mongol style: leaving only a tuft on the forehead between the eyes, and over the ears to be braided into loops. He also demanded Ch’oe Hang and King Kojong come to the mainland. Predictably, Ch’oe Hang was unwilling to do so. Early in summer 1255 Jalayitrai and Amukhan fell back to the northern border; by then, aside from years of destruction and abandonment of farmland, the peninsula was also in the midst of an ongoing drought. We are told in the first year of Jalayirtai’s command in Korea an estimated 206,8000 persons were taken captive. The suffering was horrific. Jalayirtai’s forces attacked again in autumn 1255, beginning a ship building program. Frustrated with continued resistance from the Korean court, the Mongols were considering assaulting the well defended Kanghwa Island. A sense of Jalayirtai’s frustration is evident in his response to Korean envoys in mid-1256. The envoys came asking for peace and Mongol withdrawal, to which Jalayirtai, incensed with pyolch’o attacks in the night, snapped “if you desire peace and friendship, then why do you kill our soldiers in great numbers?”   Jalayirtai’s movement of troops back north in autumn 1256 was no respite: in spring 1257, famine gripped even Kanghwa island. As Jalayirtai returned in the spring, it must have been apparent that the Ch’oes were hanging by a thread. Ch’oe Hang soon died, succeeded by his son Ch’oe Ui, who proved a very poor choice. His attempts to win favour by grants of food to the populace and court did not offset bad advisers enriching themselves and his own poor decisions. Alienating just about everyone in the court, the pressure of the situation finally led to a coup. Officers led by Kim Injun assaulted Ch’oe’s palace in May 1258. Ch’oe Ui tried to escape over the walls, but was too fat to get himself over. Caught by the assassins, Ch’oe Ui’s death ended six decades of Ch’oe military rule in Korea. Gaining the support of the elderly Kojong and handing out the wealth of the Ch’oe’s, Kim Injun made himself the new military governor. However, his position was much weaker than the Ch’oe’s had been, and still refused to submit to the Mongols. Mongol envoys who arrived in summer 1258 brought threats that they would storm Kanghwa Island, and in August Jalayirtai received further reinforcements under the command of Yesuder. Refusal to supply either the Crown Prince or the King was met with unchecked destruction across the Korean peninsula. If the Royal court would not come to then, then the Mongols would impose direct rule.  No matter how bloody the pyolch’o attacks were, they could not stop the Mongols.   Resistance broke in 1259. Revolts against military rule began across the country, towns and cities surrendered on the arrival of the Mongols rather than continue fighting. With food supplies exhausted, their military forces ground nearly to dust, in the spring of 1259 a peace deal was reached. The Crown Prince, Wang Chon, was to travel to the Mongol court as a royal hostage, the court move back to the mainland, and the defences of Kanghwa be demolished. Kim Injun was not removed but his power was considerably lesser to that of the Ch’oes. Organized Koryo resistance to the Mongol Empire was over. In May 1259, Prince Wang Chon set out for the imperial court, which met a hiccup when Mongke died in August 1259. Wang Chon decided to head for the court of Mongke’s younger brother in China, Kublai. There, he became the first foreign ruler to officially recognize Kublai as the next Great Khan of the Empire. In turn, Kublai provided Wang Chon an armed escort to return to Korea and be installed as the new king, as the venerable Kojong had died in July 1259. Kojong had reigned through the entire Mongol-Korean war, and it was fitting he died only weeks after it ended.   Wang Chon, known better by his temple name, Wonjong, proved a loyal vassal to Kublai Khan, marrying his son and eventual successor to one of Kublai’s daughters. Military rule in Korea ended in 1270 after a series of assassinations, and the Korean court finally returned to the mainland. With that, Koryo was a fully incorporated client kingdom. The King ruled in earnest, though with Mongol backing; when briefly ousted by a coup, Kublai’s forces came in and reinstalled him. Yet Mongol demands upon Korea did not grow any less burdensome; rather,. Wonjong had to mobilize the Koreans for another war, this time fighting alongside the Mongols. Koreans ships, food supplies and men were needed by Kublai Khan against the island of Japan, which had spurned his demands for submission. Korea was to be a launchpad for the first Mongol Invasion of Japan of 1274. To coincide with the release of the new SuckerPunch game Ghost of Tsushima which covers that very same invasion, we will have a few special episodes discussing this area, so be sure to subscribe to the Kings and Generals Podcast. To help us keep bringing you content, consider supporting us on Patreon, at (inset patreon link here). I’m your host David, and we’ll catch you on the next one.

I take pride in trying to bring new information that you may have never heard before on each episode of the Word of the Week. I hope you enjoy this week's Word of the Week - Lantern! What do Roy O. Disney, a Japanese Emperor, Mickey Mouse, the Polynesian, and World Showcase have in common? Grab a drink and a snack and I'll tell you!

What do Roy O. Disney, a Japanese Emperor, Mickey Mouse, the Polynesian, and World Showcase have in common? Grab a drink and a snack and I'll tell you! Read More... The post Word of the Week – Lantern appeared first on Ear To There Travel.

Politics? In my weeb podcast? It's more likely than you think.In celebration of Emperor's Day, Jon tips his toes into the world of the Japanese Emperor, his place in Japan's politics, and just how wierd Japanese eras are. We'll also have the latest developments on the Corona Virus situation in Japan, as Jon once again underestimates the power of Japanese Bureaucracy. Stick around to the end to hear Tom's final verdict on the first season of Fire Force, and perhaps some tangents, poor attempts at humour, and other general nonsense. Expect nothing less from the Geeks & Gaijins Podcast!Would you like to hear us talk about Japan some more? Find our podcast here:Spotify: https://tinyurl.com/G-GSpot Itunes: https://tinyurl.com/Ge-Gaitune Twitter: https://twitter.com/GGaijins Facebook: https://tinyurl.com/y5kk5key

They say you should never give a pet as a present, you just never know if the person you are giving it to has enough time to care for it well. That is unless you are the Chinese Emperor and you are giving the pet to the Japanese Emperor, he has plenty of people to help him out. And that is where you – the player – comes in. It is your job to care for the animal by growing food and a safe environment for it to live in. And did I mention that this pet is a panda? Now you are all working on the same bamboo garden, looking after the same panda, only Joe might want to grow only his favourtie type of bamboo, while Mary thinks the garden will look great with a variety of bamboo, and Derek thinks the bamboo should be trimmed like a… Continue reading

Burke and Ben talk about the new Japanese Emperor, Naruhito, and some of the controversies surrounding him and his family. We discuss The Emperor's enthronement, which was on October 22, 2019, and some issues that the royal family have encountered, such as the next heir to the throne, the debate about having a female Empress, princess Masako’s previous health problems, Princess Mako's wedding postponement, the Emperor’s “feud” with his brother, and much much more!Support the showWebsite:http://podcast.voicesinjapan.comFollow us and check out our other content:https://twitter.com/voicesinjapanhttps://www.facebook.com/voicesinjapan/https://www.instagram.com/voicesinjapan/Get in touch: voicesinjapan@gmail.com

Authorities are wasting no time in taking advantage of the school shooting in Santa Clarita, demanding less freedom and more surveillance. Japanese Emperor gets its on with the Goddess of the Sun, AOC spills the beans on the impeachment, and fish become suicidal because of anti-depressant pollution.Sources: offlimits.news/blogFollow Harrison on Social Media: @offlimitsnewsTwitter: https://twitter.com/OffLimitsNewsUncensored content: www.BANNED.VIDEOSupport: www.infowarsstore.com

Pour aller un peu plus loin... “Future role of Japan's imperial women in spotlight as family numbers decline”, The Japan Times, 2019DURAND Damien, « Japon : les groupes nationalistes et l’empereur, une liaison dangereuse ? », Slate, 2019DURAND Damien, « Le Japon n'a plus guère d'empereurs potentiels en stock », Slate, 2019GUNIA Amy, “Five Things to Know About the Modern Japanese Monarchy”, Time, 2019MAIZLAND Lindsay, “The Japanese Emperor’s Role in Foreign Policy”, Council on Foreign Relations, 2019TENNANT Ella, “Japan: a new emperor and a new era – but women are still excluded from the Chrysanthemum Throne”, in The Conversation, 2019

Au programme ce mois-ci, nous parlons du changement d'Empereur au Japon, nous analysons la feuille de route signée entre la France et l'Irak (12:40), et abordons la question du cyber avec l'attaque qu'a subi Israël (25:10)! Pour le grand dossier, nous avons enfin notre invité du mois dernier, sans problèmes techniques cette fois-ci! Mohamed Badine El Yattioui nous explique quelles sont les routes du narcotrafic, notamment entre l'Amérique latine et l'Afrique de l'ouest (35:05). Veuillez nous excuser pour la qualité, nous avons enregistré ce grand dossier à partir de trois pays différents. Pour aller un peu plus loin... Le nouvel Empereur du Japon “Future role of Japan's imperial women in spotlight as family numbers decline”, The Japan Times, 2019 DURAND Damien, « Japon : les groupes nationalistes et l’empereur, une liaison dangereuse ? », Slate, 2019DURAND Damien, « Le Japon n'a plus guère d'empereurs potentiels en stock », Slate, 2019GUNIA Amy, “Five Things to Know About the Modern Japanese Monarchy”, Time, 2019MAIZLAND Lindsay, “The Japanese Emperor’s Role in Foreign Policy”, Council on Foreign Relations, 2019TENNANT Ella, “Japan: a new emperor and a new era – but women are still excluded from the Chrysanthemum Throne”, in The Conversation, 2019 Les relations franco-irakiennes « Pompeo en visite surprise en Irak, avertit l’activité de l’Iran », Reuters, 2019LAGNEAU Laurent, « La France et l’Irak vont renforcer leurs relations militaires », OPEX 360, 2019GUIBERT Nathalhie et SALLON Hélère, « La France et l'Irak signent « une feuille de route stratégique » pour renforcer la coopération bilatérale », Le Monde, 2019 Israël et le cyber Revue stratégique de cyberdéfense, SGDSN, 2018DANINO Olivier, « La cyberstratégie cyberétqiue de l’Etat d’Israël », ESKA « Sécurité globale », 2013/2 n°24, pp. 15-24FRUHLINGER Josh, “What is WannaCry ransomware, how does it infect, and who was responsible?”, CSO, 2018FRUHLINGER Josh, “What is Stuxnet, who created it and how does it work?”, CSO, 2017O’FLAHERTY Kate, “Israel Retaliates To A Cyber Attack With Immediate Physical Action In A World First”, Forbes, 2019NOCETTI Julien, « Géopolitique de la cyber-conflictualité », Politique étrangère, 2/2018, pp. 15-27P. CARLIN John, “Inside the hunt for the world’s most dangerous terrorist”, Politico, 2018PERLROTH Nicole and KRAUSS Clifford, “A Cyberattack in Saudi Arabia Had a Deadly Goal. Experts Fear Another Try.”, The New York Times, 2018 Les routes du narcotrafic “Cocaine Trafficking in West Africa: The threat to stability and development”, ONUDC, 2007 BASTIN et BRETONNIERE, “Essor et évolution du trafic de cocaïne en Afrique de l’Ouest, Amérique latine-Afrique: deux continents émergents à l’épreuve du trafic de drogue”, ANAJ-INHEDN, 2014, pp. 25 BERGHEZAN, Georges, “Panorama du trafic de cocaïne en Afrique de l’Ouest”, Groupe de recherche et d’information sur la paix et la sécurité (GRIP), 2012, p. 6 BROWN David E., “The challenge of drug trafficking to democratic governance and human security in West Africa”, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2013, pp. 2-3 CHAMPIN Christophe, “L’Afrique de l’Ouest: une zone rebond de la cocaïne destinée au marché européen”, Drogues, observatoire français des drogues et toxicomanies (OFDT), No. 4, 2007, p. 1 SIMON Julien, “Le Sahel comme espace de transit des stupéfiants. Acteurs et conséquences politiques”, Hérodote, No. 142, 2011, p. 132

1)The Splinternet.  2) The Japanese Emperor  https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-48020703?ns_campaign=bbcnews&ns_mchannel=social&ns_source=twitter&ocid=socialflow_twitter https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/29/world/asia/emperor-akihito.html?emc=edit_na_20190430&nl=breaking-news&nlid=57717561ing-news&ref=cta 3) Indonesia - https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-48083051?ocid=socialflow_twitter  4) Born as a Man - https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0004l71  Mary – the weight lifter - https://twitter.com/titaniamcgrath/status/1123442051436228608?s=12 5) Arthur Miller - 6) Greta and Guidance  https://www.spiked-online.com/2019/04/29/we-need-a-grown-up-debate-about-climate-change/ 7) ) China - https://twitter.com/pdchina/status/1123062838958780416?s=12 https://www.facebook.com/729895575/posts/10161579877505576?s=771655947&v=i&sfns=mo 8) Leeds – Obesity and Parenting - https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-48113843  9) Brexit and Africa - https://www.gov.uk/government/news/foreign-secretary-jeremy-hunt-uk-wants-to-be-partner-of-choice-across-africa 10) Spain, Barcelona and books - https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/apr/18/barcelona-school-removes-200-sexist-childrens-books https://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2019/04/the-deserved-winners-and-big-losers-of-spains-general-election/?utm_source=Adestra&utm_medium=email&utm_content=Evening%20_Blend_20190429&utm_campaign=Evening_Blend 11) Californian shooting - https://www.christianpost.com/news/pastor-of-gunman-in-calif-synagogue-shooting-calls-it-horrible-act-of-evil.html?uid=38b40306c7&utm_source=The+Christian+Post+List&utm_campaign=29f968492d-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_04_29_04_12&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_dce2601630-29f968492d-2509241 12) The Quantas Alliance - https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/qantas-bars-religious-leaders-from-lounge/news-story/1eb55e2826ab580f8d69107367736032 http://www.openculture.com/2014/03/publisher-places-a-politically-correct-warning-label-on-kants-critiques.html?fbclid=IwAR3yh_SDIZ8_Vm6zgiIJhvM40cPopy_4FI9J63y-g5SKGzReqFNpBdxSgec Quote of the Week:  “To be sure, this life is not everything; but it is seldom a medical man has true religious views—there is too much pride of intellect.” _ George Elliott – Middlemarch    

On this episode Joe and Rich talk about Yukio Mishima, one of the greatest writers Japan has ever produced, as well as a psychotic devotee to the Japanese Emperor who created his own right wing militia based around working out in thongs and fucking. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys buy some merchandise: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow the show @lions_by Follow Joe: @jkass99 sources: https://www.stonebridge.com/sbp-blog/death-in-mid-autumn-the-art-and-artifice-of-yukio-mishima-s-final-moments https://www.tokyoreporter.com/japan-news/breaking/scarred-memory-ex-gsdf-member-remembers-sword-attack-by-yukio-mishima/ http://www.rochester.edu/College/translation/threepercent/2013/02/04/persona-a-biography-of-yukio-mishima/

* As they grew stronger, Giáp’s forces took more territory and captured more towns* And then on 15 August they heard that the Japanese Emperor had declared his country’s unconditional surrender to the allies.* Unfortunately for Ho and Giap, the U.S. had a new President.* Truman didn’t care, or maybe even know, about FDR’s plans […]

Download MP3 今回の「文化警察24時」の舞台は日本。それも、天皇家とあるお魚の話題をお届けします。 かつて昭和天皇がこのお魚を所望されたにもかかわらず、食べることを止められたという有名なお話があります。現在の天皇家でもこのお魚の調理は行われていないようですが、その魚とは…？ 「文化警察24時」は、少し英語が苦手！という皆さんを対象にした、長さもレベルも聞きやすい番組です。しっかり聞いて、しっかり声に出して練習してみましょう。 ***Script*** Culture Cops (23): In Japan In a weird encounter, Val must explain to the Japanese Emperor that he is forbidden from eating Pufferfish (fugu) as he could accidentally be served a poisonous piece. Val: Excuse me, your highness, but what exactly do you think you're doing? M: Well, I'm just about to sit down and enjoy some nice pufferfish. It's one of my favorite Japanese delicacies, but I haven't had it since I became the emperor of the Land of the Rising Sun! Val: That's because you're forbidden from eating it, sir. M: I'm forbidden?? Val: Yes, sir. As we both know, a pufferfish is poisonous, and if not prepared correctly, you could accidentally take a bite containing poison. M: But if I'm correct, you must obtain a license to handle pufferfish, so can't I trust anyone who prepares it? Val: I'm afraid not M: * sighs * Val: Don't huff and puff, sir. Just live without it. You can do it! (Written by Matteen Aminpour)

Download MP3 今回の「文化警察24時」の舞台は日本。それも、天皇家とあるお魚の話題をお届けします。 かつて昭和天皇がこのお魚を所望されたにもかかわらず、食べることを止められたという有名なお話があります。現在の天皇家でもこのお魚の調理は行われていないようですが、その魚とは…？ 「文化警察24時」は、少し英語が苦手！という皆さんを対象にした、長さもレベルも聞きやすい番組です。しっかり聞いて、しっかり声に出して練習してみましょう。 ***Script*** Culture Cops (23): In Japan In a weird encounter, Val must explain to the Japanese Emperor that he is forbidden from eating Pufferfish (fugu) as he could accidentally be served a poisonous piece. Val: Excuse me, your highness, but what exactly do you think you're doing? M: Well, I'm just about to sit down and enjoy some nice pufferfish. It's one of my favorite Japanese delicacies, but I haven't had it since I became the emperor of the Land of the Rising Sun! Val: That's because you're forbidden from eating it, sir. M: I'm forbidden?? Val: Yes, sir. As we both know, a pufferfish is poisonous, and if not prepared correctly, you could accidentally take a bite containing poison. M: But if I'm correct, you must obtain a license to handle pufferfish, so can't I trust anyone who prepares it? Val: I'm afraid not M: * sighs * Val: Don't huff and puff, sir. Just live without it. You can do it! (Written by Matteen Aminpour)

In the 1970's the Japanese Emperor announced that anything made in Japan had to be of the best quality. My father-s cousins brought with them for the next several furloughs the world-s smallest transistor radio made in Japan, then the first walkman renamed from the Walkalong made in Japan, and the Nintendo game made in Japan.----The Japanese business men joined in with the Emperor seeking to worship the American God better than the Americans. The Japanese business men discovered William Edwards Deming who lived in Wyoming who had challenged the American business men to upgrade their factories. ----When the American business men rejected Deming, he went to the Japanese business men. By the 1980's it was said that -Murphy no longer works here in Japan.- Murphy-s law is, -If something can go wrong, it will.-----The American factories were no longer laughing at Deming. Murphy-s law continued to work in American Factories ----The Cabinet Shop I was working in North Carolina was following the American way. That Cabinet Shop was bought out by a new factory owner who was a Christian who had learned from William Edwards Deming.----The American Factory mentality had forgotten the Biblical Work Ethic which is described in Colossians 3-22-4-1. In the first part of Colossians 3-23, a biblical work ethic is to Work Heartedly. The second part of Colossians 3-23, the second part of the biblical work ethic is Working Heartedly As Unto the Lord. A careful reading of William Edwards Deming-s books reveals the foundation being the Christian Work Ethic found in Colossians 3-23.

This week's English News Weekly podcast looks at remarkable news from Japan where the government has enacted a one-off law that will allow the current Emperor to abdicate. This is the first time since the beginning of the 19th Century that a Japanese Emperor is willingly abdicating. The current emperor, Akihito, has been on the Chrysanthemum Throne since 1989 and announced his desire to abdicate last year. When will happen? English News Weekly will try to explain all... (PDF) Download MP3

This week's English News Weekly podcast looks at remarkable news from Japan where the government has enacted a one-off law that will allow the current Emperor to abdicate. This is the first time since the beginning of the 19th Century that a Japanese Emperor is willingly abdicating. The current emperor, Akihito, has been on the Chrysanthemum Throne since 1989 and announced his desire to abdicate last year. When will happen? English News Weekly will try to explain all... (PDF) Download MP3

Japanese Emperor resignation hint may signal change in Japan s global role. U.S. bombs Libya. Russian bombers hit Syria from Iran. Russian army mobilizes on Ukraine border. China militarizes South China Sea.

Tom Keene and Michael McKee bring you the best in economics, finance, investment and international relations. Today in Surveillance, they discuss emerging markets with UBS Securities' Geoffrey Dennis; the possible abdication of the Japanese Emperor with High Frequency Economics Founder, Carl Weinberg; the industrial economy with Federal Reserve Bank Chicago's William Strauss; and bank earnings with CLSA Americas' Michael Mayo. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

Tom Keene and Michael McKee bring you the best in economics, finance, investment and international relations. Today in Surveillance, they discuss emerging markets with UBS Securities' Geoffrey Dennis; the possible abdication of the Japanese Emperor with High Frequency Economics Founder, Carl Weinberg; the industrial economy with Federal Reserve Bank Chicago's William Strauss; and bank earnings with CLSA Americas' Michael Mayo.

When the Japanese Emperor died in 1989 it marked the end of an era. He had been on the throne when Japan joined World War II. He had announced its eventual surrender. And he had ruled throughout its post-war economic transformation. Photo: Press Association

*Stimulating political talk* hypocrisy in healthcare debate, budget crisis, KSM, some question Obama's legitimacy, Republicans mad Obama bows to Japanese Emperor, highway billboard calls for revolution/violence, Palins book, TARP talk.

Increased security surrounds visit of Japanese emperor, following attempts on President Ford's life. This archive edition of Letter from America was recorded by one of two listeners, who between them taped and labelled over 650 Letter From America programmes from 1973 to 1989. It was restored by the BBC in 2014.