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Engineering Dreams: Vikram Marthandam's Journey from India to Amazon | Diasporaa Podcast Episode 2 This week, your host Aditya Mehta sits down with Vikram Marthandam, a senior manager at Amazon who originally hails from Chennai, India. From being a student in the bustling streets of Chennai to achieving multiple degrees in the US, and finally, navigating his professional journey to a leadership role at Amazon, Vikram shares his experiences, challenges, and triumphs. Get an insider's view on adapting to a new culture, the importance of not losing touch with one's roots, and of course, some fun dad jokes! Join us as we dive deep into Vikram's life, his time in different industries, and his current role in Amazon Pharmacy. Don't miss Vikram's invaluable advice for new immigrants and hear his fascinating mango memories. Remember to like, comment, and subscribe for more inspiring stories from the South Asian Diaspora! 00:00 Introduction to Diaspora the Show 00:38 Meet Vikram Marthandam 01:37 Life in Chennai and Moving to the US 03:18 Grad School Journey 06:21 First Impressions of the US 08:11 College Life and Cultural Adaptation 13:49 Career Beginnings in the US 15:49 Transition to the Oil and Gas Industry 16:58 Moving to Seattle and Entering Tech 17:30 MBA Experience and Joining Amazon 20:13 Working at Amazon 23:58 Amazon Pharmacy and Future Plans 25:59 Reflections on Life in Texas 26:43 Austin's Transformation Over the Years 27:19 Balancing Work and Family at Amazon 29:39 Dad Jokes and Cultural Connections 31:30 Language and Identity in India 36:23 Advice for New Immigrants 39:16 Challenges and Low Points 44:45 Mango Memories and Final Thoughts List of Resources: Alphonso (Hafus) Mangoes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonso_mango Banganapalle Mangoes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banganapalle_(mango) Indian English: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_English Gujarati Dialects: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati_language Mumbai Indians Cricket Team: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_Indians The Staying Power Podcast on Spotify: https://linke.to/SBr76H About the Podcast: Diasporaa was Aditya's third startup based in Vancouver, BC. It focused on helping new immigrants in Canada find their feet, get off to a running start and ease their assimilation into Canadian life. A big part of the platform were conversations, community and support. Though the startup stopped growing once Aditya moved to Seattle, WA - it remained alive in the form of several discussion groups and online communities. Now, Diasporaa has been resurrected in the form of a podcast focused on uncovering and sharing interesting immigrant stories from the South Asian diaspora. It is available on YouTube, all major podcast platforms such as Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, etc. and is also broadcast as a radio show on Alternative Talk 1150 AM and 98.9 FM HD Channel 3 on Wednesdays from 2-3pm PST. About Aditya Mehta: Aditya is a Bombay boy who has lived in Austin, Los Angeles, Washington DC, and Vancouver before making it to his current home in Seattle. He has degrees in marketing, urban planning, real estate and strategy but has spent his career in financial services, social media and now real estate - mostly as an entrepreneur and partly as an employee at Amazon. He balances Indian, Canadian and American culture, loves helping those who are new to North America and looks forward to the interesting stories that his interview guests bring each week. When not podcasting, he is helping his wife Prachi build her pharmaceutical business or hanging out with his son Arjun. Connect with Diasporaa: Instagram: @diasporaapodcast YouTube: https://linke.to/dspyoutube Bio Link: linke.to/diasporaa Listen on Spotify: https://linke.to/dspspotify Listen on Apple Podcasts: https://linke.to/dspapple Diasporaa Podcast on KKNW Alternative Talk Radio: https://linke.to/kknw1150

All the NEO Murderer updates:Luigi Mangione/Brian ThompsonMangione attended elite schoolsBA/MS PennGilman School, an elite all-boys preparatory school in Baltimore: In his valedictorian speech, Mangione praised classmates for "challenging the world"Mangione comes from a wealthy and influential Baltimore familyMangione is one of 37 grandchildren of the late Nick Mangione Sr., a prominent multimillionaire real-estate developer in Baltimore who died in 2008Members of the Mangione family own the Turf Valley Resort in Ellicott City, Maryland, and Hayfields Country Club in Hunt Valley, MarylandHe favorably reviewed the Unabomber Manifesto: Ted Kaczynski's "Industrial Society and Its Future""He was a violent individual — rightfully imprisoned — who maimed innocent people," Mangione wrote. "While these actions tend to be characterized as those of a crazy luddite, however, they are more accurately seen as those of an extreme political revolutionary.""'Violence never solved anything' is a statement uttered by cowards and predators,'" Mangione quoted.He founded an app and worked in techHe was arrested while on his laptop at a McDonald's, the police saidThe complaint said that when asked for identification, Mangione gave police officers a New Jersey driver's license with the name "Mark Rosario." When asked why he lied, Mangione replied, "I clearly shouldn't have," the complaint said.Police in Pennsylvania also found a three-page, handwritten “manifesto” taking aim at the health care industry for prioritizing profits over patient care by two law enforcement officials, according to the New York Times.Some reactionsCEO killing, rage over insurance plunges UnitedHealth into crisisBrian Thompson's death has become a symbol of revenge over denied medical bills and lack of access to necessary care, an issue that some UnitedHealth employees say they're growing increasingly anxious about.The vitriol following the shooting sparked a reckoning among some UnitedHealth employees. Much of the public animosity was aimed at the way insurance companies prevent Americans from getting the care their doctors prescribe. Some employees grappled with the idea that their paychecks were padded in part by the practice of denying care.Witty, in a video to staff last week, attempted to address the rage but failed to change the narrative for some workers. “As you've seen, people are writing things we simply don't recognize, are aggressive, inappropriate and disrespectful,” he said, urging employees to ignore the media. “There's no value in engaging.”But:Before the investor day last week was cut short, Witty used some of his time on stage to acknowledge the widespread dissatisfaction with his industry. “You only have to walk into a room with five people to hear four stories of frustration. ‘I couldn't find a doctor, I didn't know where to go. It's too difficult to understand,'” he said in a room full of financial analysts and investors.The culture at the top was shaped for years by veterans of the defunct accounting firm Arthur Andersen, where Chairman and former CEO Stephen Hemsley once worked. A previous CEO, William McGuire, unceremoniously left the company and settled with the Securities and Exchange Commission over backdating stock options that regulators alleged enriched him and other executives.In recent years, a series of acquisitions have consolidated UnitedHealth's position so much that when a cyberattack took out its Change Healthcare subsidiary, doctors offices and hospitals across the country were paralyzed. That market dominance has come under review by the Department of Justice, Bloomberg News has reported. Members of Congress who have called for a breakup of the conglomerate.Thompson was one of a handful of executives who sold UnitedHealth shares after the company learned it was under investigation by the DOJ, but before that information was shared with the public, Bloomberg reported. The company's stock fell when the DOJ investigation was reported. Thompson sold $15.1 million worth of shares, according to Bloomberg calculations.Market insanity: rage of insurer causes murder of NEO, up 1%. Social media outpour of rage over insurers because of NEO murder, down 8.5%1-star McDonald's reviews and sympathetic merch: Companies try to stop online support for CEO killer suspectTed Cruz Accuses Luigi Mangione of Being a 'Leftist' Despite Social Media Posts Praising Tucker Carlson and Decrying the 'Woke Mind Virus'After thousands celebrated UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson's killing, now even top internet sleuths are not willing to help in investigation; what's the reason?“This sparking of online praise for the killing or the killer is shocking in nature”“some are talking about Thompson being one of those responsible for the fragile state of the US Healthcare industry, which is shocking as, during other cases netizens usually post videos, condolencesFrom the Indian English-language business-focused daily newspaper: “delivering profits of a whopping $16.4 billion, in the previous year alone”How UnitedHealthcare and other insurers use AI to deny claims UnitedHealthcare and Humana have been sued over their use of algorithms to determine coverage of care for some patientsIn October, a report from the U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations showed that the nation's insurers have been using AI-powered tools to deny some claims from Medicare Advantage plan subscribers.The report found that UnitedHealthcare's denial rate for post-acute care — health care needed to transition people out of hospitals and back into their homes — for people with Medicare Advantage plans rose to 22.7% in 2022, from 10.9% in 2020.The rise coincides with UnitedHealthcare's implementation of an AI model called nH Predict, originally developed by naviHealth, a subsidiary of UnitedHealth Group that has since been rebranded.Algorithms like nH Predict can analyze millions of data points to generate predictions and recommendations by comparing patients to others with apparently similar characteristics, according to an article on JAMA Network. However, the article cautions that claims of enhanced accuracy through advanced computational methods are often exaggerated.Both UnitedHealth and Humana are currently facing lawsuits over their use of nH Predict. The suits allege that insurers pressured case managers to follow the algorithm's length-of-stay recommendations, even when clinicians and families objected.One lawsuit filed last year against UnitedHealth claims that 90% of the algorithm's recommendations are reversed on appeal.The lawsuit states that UnitedHealthcare wrongfully denied elderly patients care by “overriding their treating physicians' determinations as to medically necessary care based on an AI model that Defendants know has a 90% error rate.”Leaked video shows UnitedHealth CEO defending practices that prevent ‘unnecessary' careAccording to ValuePenguin, a site that helps users compare insurance plans' costs, UnitedHealth's 32% claims denial rate was twice the industry average. Disclosure?CVS, Anthem, other big corporations remove executive photos from their websites after UnitedHealthcare CEO shootingUnitedHealthcare CEO killing spurs Centene to hold virtual meeting and insurers to pull exec photosUnitedHealthcare and other major insurance companies pull company and board leadership bios from their websites after executive's killingUnitedHealthcare and other insurers are pulling info about execs offline after a CEO was killed SecurityThis was preventable': Corporate world shudders at new risks after slaying of UnitedHealthcare CEOHere's how the killing of the UnitedHealthcare CEO will change executive security moving forwardExperts say companies will more closely track their corporate and executives' social media accounts for any potential threats.Targeted killing of UnitedHealth CEO sends a chill among executivesUnitedHealthcare CEO shooting reveals complexities in safeguarding corporate executivesThomson death benefits payout: $20,893,067100 Most Powerful People in Business Main Takeaways:Andrew Witty (51)The actual CEO at UnitedHealthThe company has been in the spotlight this year after suffering a major cyberattack, and Witty testified before Congress that data from “maybe” one-third of Americans was stolen.!28.5 POC/17.5 FMary Barra (9) was a DEI placement, Sorry, Mary.One black man? And it's a 17-year-old from a horrible restaurant. Sorry, Damola Adamolekun (89)Became CEO in August 2024; bankruptcy plan approved 10 days laterWhere's Lowe's CEO/Chair and FedEx board member Marvin Ellison?How about Eaton ($143B) CEO/Chair Craig Arnold?Also Nom chair at Medtronic ($107B) where he has 11% influenceDaniel Ek (37) way higher than Tik Tok founder and ByteDance Chair Zhang Yiming (92) from Spotifybut nobody from Snap or RedditCarlos Tavares (62)“Carlos Tavares, CEO of Stellantis, is a self-described “petrol-head” whom colleagues view as a “Samurai” laser-focused on building competitive car brands.”“on a daunting path to turn around the carmaker's fortunes before he retires in 2026. Stellantis is dealing with a bloated inventory following unpopular price hikes, with profits nearly halving in the first half of 2024 to $5.6 billion”Fired last weeK: Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares lost control of the automaker with ‘arrogant' mistakes, sources sayDoesn't the fact that co-CEOs are listed together undermine the entire list? It means the position is powerful and not the person:Netflix: Ted Sarandos and Greg Peters (41)KKR: Scott Nuttall and Joseph Bae One of the most powerful people in business in the world doesn't even have a picture? Charlwin Mao (77): CEO and Cofounder of Chinese social media company XiaohongshuSatya Nadella (3) is more powerful than Mark Zuckerberg (7) and Jeff Bezos (11)?

India is undoubtedly one of the most interesting countries in the world. For outsiders, it's a country of mystery, with an exotic culture and tradition of ancient wisdom we never encounter at home. It strikes us with its contrasts. It's a place full of odd customs and curiosities. Bright Side gathered 12 amazing facts about this country of spices that will show India from a completely different side. I bet you never thought that India is the birthplace of all plastic surgery! Yup, among India's most sacred texts, there's one that baffles surgeons and medical experts to this day. It was written by the ancient Indian surgeon Sushruta somewhere between 1000 BCE and 500 BCE. The text describes tons of unbelievably complex surgical procedures! Can you imagine that? Other videos you might like: 19 Strange Things That Only Happen In India    • 19 Strange Things That Only Happen In...   What 1 Dollar Will Buy You Around the World    • What 1 Dollar Will Buy You Around the...   16 Crazy Things That Are Considered Normal In Other Countries    • 16 Things That Are Considered Normal ...   TIMESTAMPS: The quirks of Indian English 0:29 Beautifully adorned toes 1:27 Unbreakable promises 2:08 The birthplace of plastic surgery 2:34 Twice the Hollywood 3:30 Holy rats! 4:28 Bull surfing…narly! 5:37 Who to thank for your clean hair! 6:29 Serious wildlife conservation 7:13 Towers of Silence 8:27 Packed like sardines in trains 9:12 Pageants for true beauties 10:08 Music by Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com/ Subscribe to Bright Side : https://goo.gl/rQTJZz ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook:   / brightside   Instagram:   / brightgram   5-Minute Crafts Youtube: https://www.goo.gl/8JVmuC Photos: https://www.depositphotos.com East News ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tune in to the latest episode of "My Music" podcast featuring the incredible host, Graham Coath, and the sensational guest, Sharina Ahmad!

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John and Craig are joined by the ghosts of Scriptnotes past and present (Megana and Drew) for a festive competition: discussing the perils of studio bake-offs — pitting writer against writer for one coveted job — while simultaneously judging three of LA's finest holiday cookies. We also look at Netflix's recently released viewership data, follow up on homonyms, AI coverage and voting, and answer a listener question on the definition of a drafts. But first, we investigate the origin of a very useful word that's new to John and Craig. In our bonus segment for premium members, we travel to holidays past to discuss the best presents we ever received — and the gifts that got away. Links: Netflix Viewership Data The absolutely legitimate, incredibly useful Indian English word you're not using by Diksha Madhok Homographs The Very Best Cookie In The Whole Wide World DeLuscious Cookies Levain Bakery Clue Conspiracy Dessert Person by Claire Saffitz Upright Steamer The Kelly Clarkson Connection Get a Scriptnotes T-shirt! Check out the Inneresting Newsletter Gift a Scriptnotes Subscription or treat yourself to a premium subscription! Craig Mazin on Threads and Instagram John August on Threads, Instagram and Twitter John on Mastodon Outro by Matthew Chilelli (send us yours!) Scriptnotes is produced by Drew Marquardt and edited by Matthew Chilelli. Email us at ask@johnaugust.com You can download the episode here.

अंग्रेजी (भारत) भाषा - भारतीय अंग्रेजी सुसमाचार गीत .mp4 // Isaiah 52 52:13 | Behold, my servant shall deal prudently, he shall be exalted and extolled, and be very high. 52:14 | As many were astonied at thee; his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men: 52:15 | So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider. ============== Isaiah 53 53:1 | Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed? 53:2 | For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him. 53:3 | He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not. 53:4 | Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. 53:5 | But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. 53:6 | All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. 53:7 | He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth. 53:8 | He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken. 53:9 | And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. 53:10 | Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand. 53:11 | He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities. 53:12 | Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.

It was a personal tragedy that propelled Mulk Raj Anand into a writing career. His first essay was in response to the suicide of an aunt excommunicated by her family for sharing a meal with a Muslim woman. It is the rigidity of the caste system and the deplorable condition that the poor of the country live in that became his literary preoccupation for the rest of his life. Known as India's Charles Dickens, Mulk Raj Anand, along with R. K Narayan is credited for having brought Indian English writing to International readers. One of the founding members of Progressive Writers Association, Mulk Raj Anand remained committed to the cause of Indian independence, writing propaganda materials while living in London. He continued to write after he moved back to India in 1947. #hindikahani #IndianEnglish #ShortStories #audiostories --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/storyjam/message

Rashmi Sharma is a multilingual voice-over and dubbing artist with over 10 years of experience in Punjabi, Hindi, Urdu, and Indian English. She has a professional acoustic studio equipped with the latest hardware, software, and an experienced team of artists, sound engineers, translators, and video editors. She can provide professional audio in all INDIAN REGIONAL LANGUAGES.She is the Director @ Melody Recording Studios She is passionate about taking your words off the page and breathing life into them. She is a VO pro talent who understands the power of persuasion and connecting to the audience with empathy. She has a wide range of tones and styles, from professional and conversational to warm and inviting to authoritative and trustworthy. She is also known for her quick turnaround time and her ability to deliver projects on time and within budget.She has worked with thousands of major companies and smaller companies alike. She has a proven track record of success in a variety of industries, including:Marketing: Commercials, explainer videos, product demosEducation: E-learning courses, audiobooks, educational gamesEntertainment: Animation, video games, TV shows, moviesCorporate: Voiceovers for presentations, training materials, website videosGovernment: Public service announcements, educational materials, promotional videosIf you are looking for a native professional voice-over artist in Indian languages, [guest's name] is your trusted point of contact. She can help you bring your projects to life with her passion, experience, and range of talents.Languages: Hindi, Punjabi, Indian English, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Odiya, Assamese, Marathi, Gujarati, Bengali, Nepali, Urdu, Rajasthani, Marwari, Bhojpuri, Kashmiri or Just any Indian language

Anuvab gets cut in an airport queue like anything (as they discuss Indian English). Kunaal gets a private museum tour in Byculla. And why you should always step in to the door.

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We are all seeking freedom in some way or another and many of my guests over time have said that freedom was their biggest driver.  In reality, we have the desire to be free to choose our own path. For our guest on today's show, the search for freedom began at a German international school in Hong Kong in the 1980s and continued into her 40s  Simran Sondhi is one of 3 siblings born in the UK to Indian/ English parents.  Her father was in banking and a career opportunity came up which involved a family relocation to Hong Kong. It was a shift to a new country and a colonial culture, which for a six-year-old was difficult. It was those formative years that started her on a path of struggle and a search for freedom. Of course, her daily life in HK gave her a privileged background but the path was structured and almost set for her. Growing up in Hong Kong she was always the outsider and keen to leave soon as she could. There was no question that she would go to university, and it was her opportunity to escape back to London. She attended the London School of Economics and studied International relations and economics with a plan to be a war journalist. However, the LSE is a shoo-in for the banking industry and they were the only interviews she was getting. So she started a career as an investment banker.   Although Banking was not what she wanted it was an exciting career and gave her much of the freedom that she was craving.  However, she always felt undervalued and as a woman in banking, it was not an easy journey. But despite the challenges, she stayed for 12 years until the fallout from the financial crash kicked her out of the industry. The Search for Freedom   Our conversation is about her journey as her career endured many twists and turns with years in different industries from luxury hotels, to holistic nutrition, finally culminating with pharmaceuticals. The journey took her across continents and a myriad of roles. Transformation became her nemesis; having to start again from scratch multiple times has defined her life journey. She became the renegade, discovered her power and that gave her the life and freedom she was always looking for. Today Simran Sondhi walks a unique path. After years of experience, she uniquely blends the esoteric with the practical. She supports women, spiritual entrepreneurs and those in transition phases. Be it burn out loss of creativity to stuck in repetitive cycles. She is an advanced Theta Healing practitioner and teacher. And uses a diverse set of modalities including Access Consciousness and Bars, Reiki, Bodytalk, Mindscape and her own channelings to craft both one-to-one as well as group experiences.      Further details about this podcast along with my Guest's website and social links are all available at: https://www.lifepassionandbusiness.com/simran-sondhi-search-for-freedom     Life Passion & Business is dedicated to exploring what it takes to be Extraordinary, to face challenges and rejoice in the opportunities they bring, and expand our vision into new ways of thinking and living. There is a lot to gain from listening to other people's stories, however the real work begins by taking action in your own life. For full details of Events, Resources and Services visit: www.lifepassionandbusiness.com     Support For Podcasters: Running a podcast is fun, but it takes time and dedication. Whenever you enjoy a podcast please share your appreciation with comments, likes, shares and reviews. It helps other listeners find good content and supports the content creators and their guests. Another way you can support the Life Passion & Business podcast is with small donations: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/lifeandpassion

In this episode with Paawan @the.english.language.school you'll hear about the influences of the Indian culture on the English language. - What does it mean if I prepone something? Or does Naan bread make sense to someone in India? Can anyone tell me what a hilltop station is? - Come and listen and find out

Get your estimated IELTS Band Score. Take the IELTS Quiz at https://www.allearsenglish.com/myscore   Today we answer a listener question about words that are used in Indian English but not in English-speaking countries. Listen in to hear why you should NOT use these on IELTS!

In the late 80s, the Indian voice in English literature started to be heard in a meaningful way. But in the early days, the writing was criticized as being imitative of colonial English, swollen and bloated, and not keeping up with contemporary usage.Either that, or it swung the other way to bring a self-referential rebellion against colonialism with cringe-worthy caricatures of Indian English. While this Quixotic legacy—of grammar, structure and the idiom being the casualty of a war without an enemy—hasn't entirely left us. But as a wise man never ever said, through this fustian thicket Indian voices peeped. New authors threw away the sola topee, and started to write in English, the narrative being Indian; with neither apology nor explanation for parlance.My guest today, Poile Sengupta is one of the first such writers. From her debut in the mid-80s, she has widely and well…written prose, poetry and plays.While Poile is both respected and reputable, I believe she has not received all the accolade she deserves…for her prose, poetry, being a playwright and above all, for being a pathfinder…kicking the doors open…for younger Indian writers to walk into a better future.Let's talk to Poile now and deep dive into her relationship with the English language.ABOUT POILE SENGUPTAPoile Sengupta is a playwright, poet, novelist and writer for children and adults. Her full length plays include Mangalam (1993), Inner Laws (1994), A Pretty Business (1995), Keats was a Tuber (1996), Collages (1998), Alipha and Thus Spake Shoorpanakha, So Said Shakuni (2001) and Samara's Song (2007).  Her plays have been performed and read across India and also abroad.Her earlier books include The Exquisite Balance, The Way to My Friend's House, Story of the Road, How the Path Grew - all from CBT, and Waterflowers by Scholastic. Her later work includes Role Call and Role Call Again, 2003, by Rupa and Co., Vikram and Vetal, 2005, Good Heavens!, 2006 and Vikramaditya's Throne, 2007, from Puffin. Role Call has been translated and published in Bhasa Indonesia, while Vikram and Vetal has been translated and published in French. A picture book Four by Tulika, came out in 2018, and a chapter book A Time for Ebby, was published in September 2021, by Minmini Reads, an imprint of Karadi Tales, Chennai. Poile Sengupta's first novel for grown-ups, Inga was published in 2014 by Westland.Link to buy A Time For Ebby: https://amzn.to/3FtDFnSWHAT'S THAT WORD?! - HUSBANDCo-host Pranati "Pea" Madhav joins Ramjee Chandran in the segment "What's That Word?", where they discuss the the words "husband and husbandry".WANT TO BE ON THE SHOW?If you have a word, expression or phrase you would like to know more about, we would love to have you join us live on the show. You can reach out to us by mail: theliterarycity@explocity.com or simply, tlc@explocity.com.Or, you can visit: https://www.facebook.com/groups/bangaloreliterarysociety.Or you can go to our Instagram page https://www.instagram.com/explocityblr/.If your word or phrase is selected, we will call you.Join our Facebook group, Bangalore Literary Society. It does not matter if you are not in Bangalore. This group is for anyone interested in language and words.

Alexa, what's the latest episode of the Orbital podcast about? Amazon India's Alexa chief Dilip R.S. and Gadgets 360's in-house Alexa expert Ali Pardiwala join host Akhil Arora to discuss Alexa's growth in India. The biggest challenge for any voice assistant is to make it understand its users. For one, Alexa must adapt to “Indian English” words and our varied accents. On top of that, it must also navigate the fact that we frequently use two (or more) languages in the same sentence. Still, Amazon Echo devices have been bought in 85 percent of pin codes in India, Dilip notes. Of course, it's another matter how useful they are — and how many are actively being used. For more such trends, tune into the episode. We also touch upon how Amazon pushes to integrate Alexa into non-Amazon devices and platforms, and how thanks to Alexa, voice is the first mode of interaction with the Internet for some. Follow Gadgets 360 on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. Write to us at podcast@gadgets360.com Chapters Intro (00:00) 4-year India journey (00:23) How Alexa has grown (03:39) Making it useful (07:35) Echo is everywhere (13:12) How Alexa learns (17:31) Building for India (20:35) Privacy issues (22:07) Outro (24:12) Photo credits: Amazon

Recorded & Edited : Fr Lijesh MST, Santhome Impact | Voice : Philip Thomas & Teena Mary Abraham Recently an Indian English newspaper reported the American president's decision to declare as genocide the massacre and cruelties unleashed upon the Armenian Christians in 1915. The dates, figures and other facts reported were correct except not a single word in that four column report mentioned the ‘persecuted people' were Christians. The report failed to point that the real reason behind that atrocity was the victims' faith in Christ. Read Online : http://eng.kairos.global/?p=10051 ----Subscribe, Read, Watch, Listen, Like and Share--- Kairos Global Social Media Platforms Subscribe : Subscribe at : www.jykairosmedia.org Read Kairos Global Online : http://eng.kairos.global/ Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/ReadKairosglobal Twitter : twitter.com/readkairos Instagram : www.instagram.com/jy_kairos/ YouTube : https://www.youtube.com/c/KairosStudio1 Apple Podcasts : Kairos Global Audio Magazine Spotify : Kairos Global Audio Magazine Google Podcasts : Kairos Global Audio Magazine For more details : circulations@kairos.global +91 6238 279 115(Wh

But You'll Always Know - Sarvajeet D Chandra Nobody will know If you didn't count your blessings Gratitude buds that failed to bloom Unthankful for little joys, moments, things Unhappy But you'll always know Nobody will know If you didn't avow your love Feelings swept away in monsoon waters Life withering away like a waning moon Heart Broken But you'll always know Nobody will know If you didn't care for kith and kin Too busy for cuddles, bedtime stories Frenetically climbing a ladder to nowhere Unloved But you'll always know Nobody will know If you never lived in the moment Past soaked in remorse, future in worry Thoughts like a deafening waterfall Restless But you'll always know Nobody will know If you quit your dreams Didn't flap your flight-laden wings Didn't bloom in the season of new leaves Scared But you'll always know Follow Sarvajeet सर्वजीत on Social Media Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/sarvajeetdchandra/ Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/IndianPoetry/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/sarvajeetd Youtube : https://www.youtube.com/user/IndiaCreate Contact Sarvajeet on sarvajeetchandra@gmail.com

Pre-independent Indian English poetry had many stalwarts starting with Henry Vivian Derozio and followed by Tagore, Sarojini Naidu, Sri Aurobindo till the advent of Nissim Ezekiel. Still far and between many poets contributed their lot in the indolent course of Indian English poetry until it reached its full flowering with poets post-independence. In 1919, Arthur H. Stockwell published an anthology of roughly thirty poems called 'Spring Blossoms'. The poet was Ardeshir M Modi. He was the contemporary of eminent poets of the pre-independent era, yet many call him a lost poet, lost in the pages of time. But the power of poetry and his poem 'That Too Shall Pass Away' continues to pique the interest and make poetry enthusiasts ponder. Are poems truly lost? Are poets easily forgotten? Yes. No. Maybe both! May be neither ... but even that too shall pass away! Listen to Laxmipriya Jena recite this poem by Ardeshir M Modi. Love & Light✨

Reading from one of the greatest novels in Indian English literature, by celebrated journalist Khushwant Singh. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/snehith-kumbla/message

Hy friends, listen to this interesting and refreshing podcast a.k.a. story. Written by one of the most authentic Indian English literature writer, Ruskin Bond.

https://www.t.me/megmentors

Indian English might be confusing to many Americans but American English is equally confusing to us. In this episode we try to decipher common Americanisms - words, phrases, acronyms - that Americans use that would confuse a non-American English speaker. If you like the episode and would like to spread the word about the podcast, leave us a review and subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify or wherever you get your podcasts. If you have any suggestions, please write to us at contact@vegandnonveg.com. CREDITS INTRO / OUTRO BACKGROUND MUSIC: Daily Beetle Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Indian English, Complicated Accent, And a lot of many thing here. You need to know the reason behind before learning an accent.

Jay talks to Mike again and reveals some more interesting things about Indian English!

Mike's friend Jay explains why English should really be called...Indian?!

We ask David Crystal about standard English: why does standard English exist? How is it changing? Should students be exposed to different accents from around the world? And what role should culture play in English language teaching?Ross Thorburn: Welcome back to the TEFL Training Institute Podcast. This episode, we have Professor David Crystal ‑‑ linguist, writer, editor, lecturer, and broadcaster. In this episode, I asked David Crystal about standard English. Why does standard English exist? How is it changing? What type of English or Englishes should teachers teach?We talked about pronunciation and also the role that culture plays in language teaching. I hope you enjoy the interview.David Crystal, welcome to the podcast. Can you start off by telling us, when did the idea of standard English first start? Is it something that also came into play in the 18th century along with things like prescriptive grammar and Samuel Johnson and the first dictionary, etc., or was it something that started earlier than that?David Crystal: One has to ask the question, what is a standard for? A standard is to guarantee intelligibility amongst lots of people, because if you carry on writing in your regional dialect, eventually you won't understand each other.The first signs of standard English come in the Middle Ages when England becomes a nation rather than a set of independent kingdoms and there is a national civil service evolving, and a national parliament and all these things and English is becoming the language of the nation.Then it became essential to get rid of some of these variations, and all sorts of influences caused the evolution of standard English ‑‑ civil service scribes, for instance, individual authors like Chaucer, the influence of the Bible ‑‑ many, many different variations, but the point is that between 1400 and 1800, standard English as we know it today evolves.By 1800, virtually everybody was writing, and this is the point. Writing standard English is essentially a written form of English, not a spoken form. Even today, only a tiny proportion of the world's English‑language users speak standard English naturally at home as a first language. Most people learn standard English in school, and I'm talking not just about foreign language learners. I'm talking about native speakers as well.Only about four or five percent ‑‑ maybe even that's an exaggeration ‑‑ of people in England speak standard English as a natural home language. Most people speak regional variations. Most people say, "I ain't got this. We ain't got no nothing" and things of that sort. Double negatives, all non‑standard features ‑‑ that's how they normally speak.Then they go to school and they learn that, "That's not correct, dear boy. You have to say it this way," and you learn standard English. That's very useful, as long as you don't then your local accent and dialect demeaned in the process, which of course used to be the case.Anyway, around about 1800, standard English in this sense of a universal, pretty unified form of writing had emerged, thanks to Dr. Johnson, with his dictionary. People like Lindley Murray and Bishop Lowth with their grammars, people like John Walker with their pronunciation dictionary and so on and so forth.There's still a certain amount of variation, but on the whole, it's pretty standard. Then along comes Noah Webster in America and messes everything up, saying, "We don't want that standard anymore. We want a different sort of standard for a new nation," so he develops different standards for American English.Again, only about five percent of American English is different from British English in terms of spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, grammar, and so on, but it's a pretty significant five percent, nonetheless. Suddenly there are two standards in the world, British and American.Then that opened the floodgates, doesn't it, because any other country now who comes along and wants to use English. As soon as they adopt English they immediately feel they need to adapt it to express the identity of their own milieu.This is where non‑standard comes into play, because what non‑standard does is it expresses identity rather than intelligibility. You and I are speaking now non‑standard English to each other. We're not going to understand each other, but I'm proud of my non‑standard English and you're proud of yours.Of course, the result could be chaos but in many parts of the world, what happens is that the two varieties are so distinct that they don't mix each other up. I use standard English on some occasions. I use non‑standard English on other occasions.Ross: Presumably, now, then, most people recognize that one version of English isn't necessarily superior to the other. It's just that they get used at different times and in different situations, I suppose.David: Yeah. In other words, it's a notion of appropriateness rather than a notion of correctness. The 18th‑century notion was that only standard English was correct. Everything else was incorrect and rubbish and should never be used. You'll be punished if you use it.These days it's a notion of appropriateness ‑‑ that standard English is appropriate for some kinds of functions, non‑standard appropriate for other kinds of functions. This is where it gets relevant to all countries. We're not just talking about British and American and Australian and Indian or the old colonial territories. We're talking about Chinese English and Japanese English and so on.What is Chinese English for me? Chinese English is not somebody learning English from China and getting it wrong.No, it's somebody learning English from China who is now developing a good command of English but using it to express Chinese concepts and Chinese culture in a way that I would not necessarily understand, because I don't understand Chinese culture, coming from outside it.All over the world now, we see these "new Englishes," as they're called, being very different from traditional standard British English and traditional standard American English.What they're doing is they're allowing the expression of their local identity to become institutionalized in dictionaries and in novels, you see, and plays and poetry and grammars and things like this, so that we now have to respect the identity of whatever it might be ‑‑ Indian English, Nigerian English, Chinese English, by which I mean, English written by Chinese authors expressing a Chinese milieu but with a competent command of English, so that one can't just say, "Hey, that's a mistake."That is a genuine, shared expression of some section that's coming from China.Ross: Given all that, then, it really complicates the job of English‑language teachers, doesn't it? What's acceptable to teach and what is it acceptable to leave out? It's a lot more difficult, I guess, than it used to be, isn't it?David: Oh, gosh, it does, doesn't it? It is a fact that English‑language teaching has become more difficult because of the evolution of English in this way. It isn't a simple, "Oh, there's British and American English. As long as you know those two, you're home and dry."It's not the case anymore. Everything I've said, mind you, is really only relevant for language comprehension, not so much for language production. After all, if you're used to teaching standard British English in Received Pronunciation, as many teachers are and in any case as many exam boards expect and as a lot of materials expect anyway, then fine. Carry on.Standard British English is a good thing. RP is a good accent, etc., etc. But when it comes to listening comprehension and reading comprehension, if one restricts one's ability only to British English and RP, then you miss out Heaven knows how many percent ‑‑ probably most of the English language around the world.How many people speak traditionally British English in an RP accent? We're talking about, what, a couple of percent of the world's population. It's a very useful accent still. No question about that.Standard British is still a very useful dialect, but nonetheless, from a comprehension point of view, how often are you going to encounter it in the street, in literature, and so on? Only a minority of the time.It's an increasing gap, it seems to me, between production and comprehension when it comes to teaching. That's me finished now, Ross, because now it's your problem to decide how to implement this in terms of syllabus design and at what point in the teaching process do you introduce these variations? I have the easy job here.[laughter]Ross: That's a pity, because that was actually my next question.David: [laughs]Ross: What do you think? Should teachers and course books and writers be trying to work in examples of non‑standard English and non‑standard accents from all around the world into their lessons and in their course books?It seems that even, for example, native speakers might even need help with their listening skills in developing an ear from accents from parts of the world that they're maybe traveling to that they haven't been before. Presumably the same is true for non‑native speakers as well.David: Absolutely. These days there is no difference, essentially, between a native and a non‑native speaker of English in this respect. I go to another part of the world just like a second‑language learner goes to the same part of the world and we're both equally foxed by the local identity of the language.I have this all the time. I go to places. I don't know what the heck is going on, because I just don't understand the local words, the local expressions, the local nicknames of the politicians. All these cultural identity things are everywhere now. It's a problem for me as much as for the other.As far as materials are concerned, yes I think one should build in right from the very beginning an awareness of variation. Some programs do this. Global, for example, does this to a certain extent. I think it's more general than that. All the materials, of course, have always had a certain cultural input.You teach the present tense by for example saying, "Let us go for a walk down Oxford Street. Let's buy some things," and we'll use the present tense for that. It's drama driving the content.You can also at the same time let culture help to drive the content. Not only do you have a vocabulary list at the end of the chapter which says what's going on or explains what's going on, but you have a culture list as well.For example, we've done Oxford Street. When somebody says, "Let's look at your watch," and you say, "Oh, it's a nice watch," and the person says, "Yes, but it's not actually Bond Street. It's Portobello Road."That's the kind of comment that anybody might make ‑‑ completely unintelligible to most foreigners until they know that Bond Street is the posh street and Portobello Road is the street market.You could easily imagine how going into a shop to buy a watch to drill the present tense or whatever might also be supplemented by a little cultural panel somewhere or other which says, "Here ‑‑ this is a posh place to buy. This is not a posh place to buy." You gradually build up a sense of the cultural identity of the place.I'll put it another way. If I go to Beijing, how do you translate Bond Street and Portobello Road into Beijing or wherever? How would you do it? If a Chinese person said that sentence to me in English ‑‑ "Go to this part of..." ‑‑ I would not know what it meant until it was explained, which, you know what I mean by saying it's a very general issue.Ross: I also wanted to ask you a bit about how new meanings come about, because obviously that's something that happens, I think, both in standard and non‑standard English. I think you mention in "A Little Book of Language" about encouraging people to look up word meanings in dictionaries.Is it also the case that words often only really take on new meanings when people misuse them? Can you tell us a bit about how new meanings come about, or maybe how first they might be non‑standard or maybe even just considered to be wrong?David: To begin with, some people would say that any new meaning was a wrong use. There are always pedants around who will say that any change is an error to begin with. Then gradually usage grows and people forget that was ever a problem. They focus on new things that are taking place. This has routinely happened.It's only happened since the 18th century. Before that, change just took place...People did object to it. Some people tried to stop it, people like Dryden and Swift and, to begin with, Johnson, said, "We must stop language change. Look, the French have done this with their Academy. They've stopped..." Of course they hadn't. But they tried and thought they were doing so.Johnson himself recognizes this eventually and says, "Even the French haven't managed to stop language change. That's why we don't want an academy over here."Change takes place. It will always get reactions. It's a very natural process, very subtle process. Most of the semantic changes that affect vocabulary take place without anybody noticing them happening at all until they become established, they get a new the dictionary, a new sense comes along, and people say, "Oh yeah. Of course. We've been saying that for years. We just haven't noticed it happening."Ross: One more time, everyone, that was Professor David Crystal. If you'd like to know more about David's work, please visit his website at www.davidcrystal.com. I hope you enjoyed today's interview and we'll see you again next time. Goodbye.

Jillian Haslam is the author of "Indian.English.", A memoir about an early life spent as part of a forgotten minority of British people who were left on the streets of Calcutta after Indian independence, and her perseverance and triumph of spirit and will, that led her to success. After spending close to twenty years forging a successful career in the banking industry Jillian decided to devote her energies to helping other people improve their lives. She is the founding Director of Help Yourself Associates, a life improvement and training company. Jillian is also a published author and popular motivational speaker who uses her own life experience to inspire others to never give up on their life goals and shows them the way to achieve them. Besides being a motivational speaker, Jillian is also known as an inspirational author who has the power to trigger off one’s willpower very easily. Born in India to English parents in post-colonial India, Jillian overcame a childhood of abject poverty, racial abuse, hardship, taking on adult responsibilities while still a child, and dealing with sickness and death throughout her life – including the loss of four infant siblings and her mother when she was very young. In spite of these hurdles, she carved out a successful career for herself, raised her younger siblings and never lost sight of her purpose in life. If anyone knows what it takes to rise above circumstances and seize control of one’s life, Ms. Haslam does. The essence of that indomitable spirit can be found throughout the pages of Indian.English. Since moving from India to the U.K. in 2000, Jillian has turned her attention to learning how she can help others overcome challenges in life the way she has. This is reflected in the tag line of her company that says, "You can change your life …just like Jillian Haslam!" With the publication of her book, Indian.English, she has become one of the best selling authors in India and in the UK. The book reveals the real essence of her life.   Related Links: http://www.jillianhaslam.com

Aakar answers questions about whether he has ever considered migrating to another country, what he makes of the Indian English accent, which actors he would cast to play PM Modi, Amit Shah, Arvind Kejriwal and the Gandhis in a film, and whether the AAP can make a mark in Mumbai's municipal elections. Also, his recommendation for a definitive book on Indian history. (Music-Josh Woodward)

SUMMARYNeed a good Scrabble word? Grant shares some of his favorites, and invites listeners to challenge him on "Words with Friends." Also, why do we call those classic screwball films madcap comedies? And what does it mean to walk in a crocodile? Plus, mondegreens, naval slang, learned versus learnt, and no way, Jose. And what do you call that flourish at the bottom of John Hancock's John Hancock?FULL DETAILSNeed a Scrabble word with q or z? Grant shares some of his favorite legal Scrabble words: qi (the circulating life force in Chinese philosophy), qat (a leaf chewed in some cultures for stimulating effects), and za (a shortening of the word "pizza"). He's inviting listeners to challenge him on the game Words with Friends on the iPhone or Android: search the username grantbarrett. What good is a smartphone without smart friends?Where do we get the phrase belly up? The expression has made its way to the bar, but the original belly up belonged to a dead fish. A listener wonders why his girlfriend remarks "hubba-hubba" when he's dressing up for the night. The flirty call had its heyday in the 1940s, when World War II soldiers would see a pretty lady walking down the street. Although no one's sure of the origin of "hubba hubba," new research suggests it might have evolved from a catchphrase used by the "Ki Ki, the Haba Haba Man," an employee of P.T. Barnum.There's nothing like some joe with cow and sand in the morning. That would be "coffee with milk and sugar" in World War II naval slang.http://www.jstor.org/pss/1495930Quiz Guy John Chaneski has a game of rhyming headlines based on the 1937 Variety issue, "Sticks Nix Hick Pix," claiming that rural folks avoid movies about rural folks. http://bit.ly/fgtLlMWhat is a madcap comedy? A fan of classics like Bringing up Baby wonders about the origin of the term. Martha explains that years ago, the word cap sometimes referred to one's "head." So if someone's "madcap," they're crazy in the head. And of course, what would Shakespeare's Henry IV be without the "nimble-footed madcap Prince of Wales"?Did you say "shtreet"? The str sound is becoming shtr in more and more mouths of English speakers. Grant explains that this pronunciation of "street" as "shtreet" is simply a feature of language--sort of the consonant version of a diphthong. What do you call that embellishment at the bottom of old signatures, like the hash-marked line beneath John Hancock's name? It's called a paraph, originally used as a distinct mark to protect against forgery.A listener was confused when she heard a radio announcer say a man had "Amanda Lynn" in his hands, only to find out that it was "a mandolin." These funny misheard phrases are called mondegreens, a term coined in Sylvia Wright's 1954 Harper's article, "The Death of Lady Mondegreen". It comes from a mishearing of the song "The Bonny Earl of Moray": "They have slain the Earl o' Moray, and laid him on the green." Another example: "Olive, the other reindeer" for "all of the other reindeer" in the song about Rudolph.http://bit.ly/f0OLUEhttp://huff.to/15mHyyHere are The Two Ronnies from the BBC television show in a sketch about the mishearing of "fork handles" as "four candles."http://bit.ly/g9bWg Grant reads from a listener's favorite poem by Lisel Mueller called "Why We Tell Stories." It reads in part: "We sat by the fire in our caves,/ and because we were poor, we made up a tale/ about a treasure mountain/ that would open only for us."  http://bit.ly/gtwrCtMartha shares an email from a longtime listener, Lois Teeslink of Vista, Calif., about a favorite childhood librarian.What's the source of the phrase No way, Jose? And who in the world is Jose? Grant says the expression doesn't show up in print until 1973, contrary to the oft-repeated story that it appeared in The Village Voice during the 1960s. The phrase "No way" was often used then; the name Jose was likely tacked on just because it rhymes.The saying Act in haste, repent at leisure is typically a warning that means "if you make a hasty decision, you'll have plenty of time to mull over your mistake later." It's likely a variation of an older version, "Marry in haste, repent at leisure."  David Foster Wallace had a most apt use of the phrase in his novel Infinite Jest: "The shopworn 'Act in Haste, Repent at Leisure' would seem to have been custom-designed for the case of tattoos". Be it a tattoo or a marriage, it's wise to think about the consequences before you act. Did you ever walk in a crocodile? In Britain, a crocodile can be "a group of children walking two by two in a long file." The phrase came up in an interview with the stylist Vidal Sassoon, who, as a child in London walked in a crocodile to school with other Jewish students being heckled by Nazi sympathizers.http://bit.ly/6n71BGhttp://n.pr/eoRkT7Are we tested on what we've learned, or what we've learnt? Grant explains how efforts to replace the "t" verb ending with "ed" gradually took hold in the United States, but not in Britain. Affiliated nations, such as Australia, New Zealand, and India, also use the "t" form. Either way, they're both correct. Grant recommends some books on Indian English.http://bit.ly/fesVDehttp://bit.ly/ggom2v"Imitation is the sincerest form of television," said the radio comedian Fred Allen. Listeners are invited to share their favorite modern proverbs like this one, as well as their favorite classics.--A Way with Words is funded by its listeners: http://waywordradio.org/donateGet your language question answered on the air! Call or write with your questions at any time:Email: words@waywordradio.orgPhone: United States and Canada toll-free (877) WAY-WORD/(877) 929-9673London +44 20 7193 2113Mexico City +52 55 8421 9771Donate: http://waywordradio.org/donateSite: http://waywordradio.org/Podcast: http://waywordradio.org/podcast/Forums: http://waywordradio.org/discussion/Newsletter: http://waywordradio.org/newsletter/Twitter: http://twitter.com/wayword/Skype: skype://waywordradio Copyright 2011, Wayword LLC.

Think about this: hosts Phil Thompson and Eric Armstrong are delving into the sounds represented by the spelling “th” this week. In the course of it, they’ll chat about how the sound is rare in the world’s languages, how it’s formed in various varieties of English around the world, and its use in Spanish. Show Notes:The show starts with an Audio Comment from Erik Singer re barred i and they guys’ response."th" soundsIn the world's languages, they are fairly rare. 40 languages appear on the WALS "Presence of Uncomon Consonants" map for the /th/ sounds.Dental, interdental, variability in amount of tongue. Culturally different. Maddieson & Ladefoged in "The Sounds of the World's Languages" studied Americans and Brits, and 90% of the US speakers made interdental articulations, while 90% of the British speakers made dental articulations. Jespersen suggests (in Maddieson/Ladefoged) that articulations are dictated partly by dentition: if you have gaps in your teeth (or none) you may articulate differently.• "showing the tongue" to aid lip reading in emphatic speech.IPA Symbol ð: Eth is used in Old English, Icelandic, Faroese, and Elfdalian. In most languages it represents the voiced dental fricative. Symbol is called [ɛð], while Eth [ɛθ] is a woman's name.Voicing: voicedPlace: Dental or InterdentalManner: FricativeOccurrence: is far more common in English, due to the high frequency of function words with ð sounds in English, such as then, the, they, their, those, etc.IPA Symbol θ:Theta symbol is the lowercase Greek letter, which represents the voiceless dental fricative in Greek. Voicing: voicelessPlace: Dental or InterdentalManner: FricativeHistory: Though the sounds are Germanic in their "roots", almost all Germanic languages have lost /th/ sounds. Only English and Icelandic retain it. /th/ is part of Castilian Spanish. Known as "Ceceo" [θeθeo] it contrasts with "seseo" . Urban Legend of "Prestige Borrowing"; however, it's not true, as the person credited with documenting the lisp wrote about it 200 years before the use of /θ/ began. la casa "the house" la caza "the hunt"distinción /la ˈkasa/ /la ˈkaθa/ceceo /la ˈkaθa/ /la ˈkaθa/seseo /la ˈkasa/ /la ˈkasa/Variationsth-Fronting /f/ and /v/ like in Cockney and other working class accents of Southern English English, AAVE finallyth-Alveolarization /s/ and /z/ like in Parisian French English, African Englishes, Th-debuccalization /h/ in Scots English (mainly in Glasgow) "three" becomes "hree"Th-stopping /t/ and /d/ like in Quebecois English, Caribbean English, Nigerian English, and Liberian English, AAVE initiallyBUT NOT really in Hiberno-English, some Newfoundland English, NY/NJ English, Indian English, where /th/ becomes more dentalized, so "den/then" aren't homophones.Icelandic and Danish have lamino-alveolar non-sibilant fricative allophones with teeth fairly far apart. (Sibilance is created "downstream" of the constriction where the turbulence strikes structures beyond the point constriction (e.g. the gum ridge and/or teeth). IPA θ̠ ð̠Speech Disorders: Dental/interdental Lisp, as an allophone of /s/ and /z/. "Ethel Thayer; thounds like I'm lithping" —On Golden Pond.