Podcasts about Urdu

Firaq Gorakhpuri was born on 28 August 1896 as Raghupati Sahaay Firaq. On his birth anniversary, we return to a poet who changed how love could be written about in Urdu. Firaq writes of ishq, but also of what accompanies it: desire, qurbat, longing, loneliness, memory and dard. What sets him apart is the attention he pays to these emotions. He doesn't just describe them; he looks closely at what they do to us. In this episode, we follow some of his best-known verses and his deeply personal nazm “Jugnu” to grasp a sense of Firaq's world, his life and the many shades of love that run through his poetry. Perhaps, along the way, we will better understand how he revolutionized Urdu poetry by blending classical Urdu romance with modern psychology and Eastern philosophy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We clean our homes, organize our closets, and clear physical clutter — but what about the mess we're carrying in our minds and #emotions?Francine spent years blaming her job, her circumstances, her family, and other people for how unhappy she felt. Then she realized something uncomfortable but liberating: she was the one who had to #change. In this episode, we explore what happens when we #stopblaming,  #takeresponsibility for our inner world, and begin changing the patterns that keep us stuck. Listen now to this interview with Francine Juhlin, Warrior Princess of Personal Change and #author of "The Butterfly Who Changed Everything", to learn practical keys, tips and tools for transforming yourself from #caterpillartobutterfly -- with fun and ease! Check out Francine's newest book, The Butterfly Who Changed Everything: A Journey of Self Discovery at: https://a.co/d/08WfDHJVLearn even more and connect with Francine at:https://www.facebook.com/PersonalChangeWarriorshttps://www.youtube.com/@francinejuhlinhttps://personalchangewarriors.com/#PersonalChange #PersonalDevelopment #SelfHealing #InnerHealing #MeditationPractice #HolisticHealth #MindsetShift #HealingJourney #SelfLoveJourney #EmotionalHealing #RootCauseHealing #PersonalGrowth #TransformYourLife #HappinessJourney #FindingHappiness #MindfulLiving #Mindfulness #GuidedMeditation #MeditationForBeginners #SpiritualGrowth #SelfDiscovery #PositiveChange #OvercomingLimitingBeliefs #PeoplePleasing #TheButterflyWhoChangedEverything_____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://calendar.app.google/ycNkS9obhoQhiYXM6

Last time we spoke about the reaction after the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. After four years of fighting Japan almost alone, China's Chiang Kai-shek learned of Pearl Harbor with profound relief. Japan's attack, meant to neutralize American naval power, instead galvanized the entire Western world against Tokyo. Within hours, Chiang declared war on the Axis powers, transforming China from an isolated nation to a recognized Allied member. The strategic mathematics were clear to Chiang: America's industrial might would ultimately crush Japan. China simply needed to survive long enough. The United States quickly formalized this partnership, pledging military support through Lend-Lease and elevating Chiang to leadership of Allied forces in the China theater. Yet Pearl Harbor brought catastrophe for Western civilians in China. Americans and Britons, previously protected as neutral foreigners, were suddenly rounded up and interned in camps. For many, decades of presence in China ended in hasty evacuation, leaving behind lives built over generations.   #216 The Battle of Hong Kong Part 1: The Approaching Storm Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Japan emerged as a significant threat to British interests during the 1920s following the collapse of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. This concern intensified dramatically after Japan's invasion of China, with the ensuing Sino-Japanese War escalating tensions further. British assets in the region came under direct assault, including attacks on Western military and commercial vessels such as HMS Ladybird. Yet despite these provocations, the British Government maintained an inconsistent stance toward Japan, responding with only feeble diplomatic and military countermeasures. This contradiction characterized London's approach: while diplomatic channels remained conciliatory, military planners viewed Japan with genuine apprehension. During the 1930s, Singapore and Malaya represented Britain's most valuable and prosperous holdings in the Far East and consequently received substantial garrison reinforcements. By contrast, Hong Kong was widely acknowledged to be indefensible—a conclusion reached repeatedly by successive military studies. Despite this consensus, the British Government proceeded with the Hong Kong Defence Scheme in 1936, which aimed to transform Hong Kong Island into a fortified redoubt while establishing delaying positions in Kowloon and the New Territories. The Hong Kong Garrison's mandate was straightforward: repel external attacks and prevent enemy use of the harbour and dry dock. The underlying strategy relied on a simple principle: hold Hong Kong Island as an impregnable fortress and await relief from the Royal Navy. Consequently, protecting the harbour became the paramount objective. Japanese strategists were correctly identified as Hong Kong's primary threat, with military planners anticipating attack from the sea rather than overland. To counter such an offensive, the defence scheme incorporated five successive layers of protection: naval mines fitted with indicator nets and anti-submarine booms formed the first barrier; coastal artillery provided the second; beach installations featuring pillboxes, wire entanglements and mines constituted the third; infantry strongpoints positioned on commanding heights guarded against amphibious landings; and finally, a mobile reserve force stood ready to counterattack and eliminate any successful enemy incursion. The 1936 plan also mandated extensive fortification of Kowloon's bottleneck approaches through bunkers, trenches and blocked passages, with a principal defensive line—resembling a miniature Maginot Line—constructed across the mountains immediately north of Kowloon. The garrison structure comprised three infantry battalions plus the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC), a unit approximately regiment-strength equipped with armoured cars, engineers, artillery, anti-aircraft guns and infantry. These forces organized into three brigades: mainland, island, and garrison reserve. The air component was planned to be formidable: a reconnaissance squadron, a fighter-bomber squadron, two torpedo squadrons and a flight of auxiliary spotting aircraft operated by the HKVDC. Naval forces consisted of a modest destroyer contingent, an MTB flotilla, gunboats and patrol vessels. When Japan occupied Guangzhou, Hong Kong found itself effectively encircled. In response, limited conscription was implemented, though restricted to non-Chinese males for HKVDC service. Chinese personnel were largely confined to non-combat positions such as air-raid precautions and medical duties. The expanding Japanese threat prompted a substantial expansion of the Hong Kong Garrison to four regular infantry regiments—two British units (one specializing in medium machine-gun support) and two Indian regiments. Supporting forces included two coastal artillery regiments, a field artillery regiment-plus, and an anti-aircraft regiment. The Royal Navy expanded to include the 2nd MTB flotilla (eight 60-foot, 29-knot motor torpedo boats armed with twin torpedoes and eight Lewis guns each, plus two smaller 55-foot vessels), four shallow-draught river gunboats (HMS Cicala, Tern, Moth and Robin), four aging World War I S-class destroyers (HMS Thracian, Thanet, Scout and Tenedos—the last transferred to Singapore in 1939), HMS Cornflower sloop, and various auxiliary vessels including tugs, boom defence ships and minelayers. The Fleet Air Arm deployed three Supermarine Walruses—single-engine reconnaissance amphibians—at Kai Tak Airport. The Royal Air Force remained the weakest service, equipped with only four Vickers Wildebeest torpedo-bombers and a handful of HKVDC aircraft: one Avro Tutor, two Hornet Moths and two Cadet biplanes. When World War II erupted in Europe, Britain's focus necessarily shifted to national survival, inevitably leaving distant imperial outposts like Hong Kong neglected. Rather than receive reinforcements, Hong Kong actually lost capable personnel; many veteran troops were repatriated to Europe, leaving behind a less proficient garrison. Peacetime duties had proven a poor preparation for combat—officers and men had passed their time socializing rather than maintaining combat readiness. Governor Sir Geoffrey Northcote persistently urged London to adopt a firmer stance against relentless Japanese provocations: aircraft incursions, sinking of junks and fishing vessels, and infiltration by Taiwanese fifth columnists (Japan had colonized Taiwan in 1895). Recognizing the hopelessness of his position, Northcote recommended withdrawal in October 1940, arguing that defending the colony would inevitably result in mass civilian casualties and widespread destruction—a pragmatic assessment given Hong Kong's indefensible state. London categorically rejected this proposal, reasoning that withdrawal would demoralize China, embolden Japan and undermine American confidence in British resolve. Underlying this decision was an additional consideration: the long-standing dispute over Hong Kong's sovereignty. Since Britain acquired Hong Kong in 1841, the prospect of surrendering it, even temporarily, raised fears about reclaiming it afterward. Preserving the appearance of British determination was deemed crucial to demonstrating to Chiang Kai-shek, Nationalist China's leader, that Britain intended to retain the territory. Despite these political calculations, London consistently refused fresh troop deployments. Major-General A. E. Grasett, the China theatre commander, requested reinforcements only to face rejection—London offered only Indian or other colonial forces. Air Chief Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham, appointed British commander in the Far East in 1941, likewise pressed for garrison strengthening, to no avail. The situation shifted dramatically after Grasett, a retired Canadian who had recently left his China post, travelled to Britain via Canada. Upon arriving in Canada, he independently approached his former classmate Major-General Crerar, Chief of the Canadian General Staff, and advocated for reinforcement. Grasett argued persuasively that deploying two or more additional battalions would enable the Hong Kong garrison to withstand an extended siege. When Grasett reached London in early September 1941, he presented this case directly to the British Chiefs of Staff, simultaneously proposing that Canada could provide the extra units. His arguments proved persuasive; the Chiefs of Staff altered course and convinced a reluctant Churchill to reconsider. In light of accelerating Japanese pressure, Britain substantially enlarged the Malaysia/Singapore garrison from nine to 32 battalions and despatched two capital ships—HMS Prince of Wales and Repulse—to the region, reasoning that this show of force would deter Japanese aggression against British Far Eastern interests, including Hong Kong. The original defence strategy envisaged holding Hong Kong Island exclusively while denying the harbour to attackers. A single battalion (the Punjabis) would execute delaying actions across the New Territories, followed by a three-battalion defensive stand on the Gin Drinkers Line. This brief mainland resistance would allow time for demolishing stores, power installations, docks and wharves, clearing food stocks and removing vital matériel before withdrawing to Hong Kong Island for a protracted resistance awaiting relief from Singapore or American forces from the Philippines. The Gin Drinkers Line—styled after the French Maginot Line in miniature—ran approximately 18 kilometres south of the Sino-Hong Kong border. Beginning near Gin Drinkers Bay west of Kowloon, it extended 17 kilometres across the Kowloon Peninsula hills toward its eastern extremity. The strategic expectation was that this line would delay the Japanese assault for three weeks or longer, permitting battalion withdrawal to Hong Kong Island for sustained resistance while mainland forces completed evacuation procedures. The 1937 war plan stipulated that four battalions would be necessary for an effective delaying action and seven for an adequate Gin Drinkers Line defence—figures which excluded the aircraft and naval support essential to success. With only a single army brigade available and virtually no air capability, planners abandoned the mainland defence concept, leaving defensive works incomplete and deteriorating under tropical conditions. Chinese personnel were conspicuously absent from initial war preparations and strategic planning, only being incorporated late in the process. The largest Chinese component was the volunteer contingent serving with the HKVDC. On the regular army side, approximately 150 Chinese recruits were enlisted in mid-1941 for the 5th Anti-Aircraft Regiment. The Hong Kong Chinese Regiment, hastily constituted on 3 November 1941, comprised officers borrowed from British and Indian units alongside 52 Chinese junior NCOs and other ranks with minimal training. A Royal Engineers troop staffed entirely by Chinese soldiers saw service, and some Chinese personnel served with the Royal Navy and Dockyard Defence Corps. Chinese participation increased substantially in auxiliary services—air-raid precautions, auxiliary police, nursing, St John Ambulance and fire brigades. This reluctance to fully integrate Chinese forces likely reflected prevailing attitudes of the era. Pre-war British propaganda had frequently mocked Japanese military capability, portraying officers and soldiers as myopic and incompetent. Japanese combat prowess was systematically underestimated; their victories in China were attributed to facing inferior opposition rather than evidence of genuine military strength. Japanese weaponry was dismissed as inferior to European standards. Consequently, British confidence remained high that the colony could hold indefinitely if adequately reinforced. In September 1941, Hong Kong received heartening news: two additional Canadian battalions would be deployed to the garrison. Brigadier John Maltby promptly revived the pre-war plan for defending the Gin Drinkers Line, developing a strategy centred on three mainland battalions (2nd Royal Scots, 5/7 Rajputs and 2/14 Punjab) supported by HKVDC elements and four artillery troop detachments, while three island battalions (1st Middlesex, Royal Rifles of Canada and Winnipeg Grenadiers) bolstered by the bulk of the HKVDC would hold Hong Kong Island. Command responsibility was divided between two brigades: the Island Brigade (Hong Kong Infantry Brigade) under Brigadier Lawson, a recently arrived Canadian, and the mainland Kowloon Infantry Brigade under Brigadier Wallis. The Canadian regiments arrived on 16 November 1941. Maltby was commissioned into the Indian Army in 1911, and  saw extensive service across multiple campaigns: World War I, the Persian Gulf (1913–14), and the North-West Frontier (1923–24). His early promise earned him selection for accelerated advancement through prestigious staff colleges at Quetta and RAF Andover. By 1937, he was again serving on the North-West Frontier, and by 1939 commanded both the 3rd Jhelum Brigade (later the Calcutta Brigade) and the 19th Infantry Brigade in Deccan. In 1940, posted to China, Maltby orchestrated the closure of the North China Command by withdrawing two infantry battalions from Shanghai. Promoted to major-general as GOC China in August 1941, he had only three months to prepare the colony's defenses, a race against time he could not win.  The Gin Drinkers Line occupied a naturally dominant position atop mountains spanning northern Kowloon's breadth, yet possessed inherent weaknesses that would prove fatal. The line lacked defensive depth and remained vulnerable to flanking manoeuvres, with two sectors representing particular danger: Customs Pass and the gap between Golden Hill and Laichikok Peninsula near Gin Drinkers Bay. Given the extended front, each battalion arranged its forces in a string of platoon positions with gaps covered by daytime fire and nighttime patrols. One company per battalion could be held in reserve within prepared positions guarding the most dangerous sectors. The reserve company of the centre battalion (2/14 Punjab) initially advanced as forward troops, screening demolition operations and delaying the enemy's initial thrust. The hasty decision to establish mainland defences meant that essential support systems—communication networks, artillery registrations, mortar calibrations—remained incomplete when combat commenced. Ammunition shortages compounded the problem. For instance, the 2/14 Punjab conducted only a single 3-inch mortar practice session before the attack; adequate ammunition arrived only in November and totalled a mere 70 rounds per battalion for both training and combat. These mortars were registered for the first time in their battle positions, with combat beginning just 12 hours later. The 2-inch mortar situation was even more desperate: troops received live ammunition only as fighting started, making their baptism of fire an actual combat situation. Transportation deficiencies—trucks and animals in short supply—forced manual ammunition transport across Hong Kong's challenging terrain, imposing severe physical demands on already stretched personnel.   On 6 November 1941, Imperial Japanese Headquarters ordered its Commander-in-Chief in China to prepare plans for capturing Hong Kong. The 23rd Army, part of the China Southern Expeditionary Army Group and commanded by Lt. Gen. Sakai Takashi with Maj. Gen. Kuribayashi Tadamichi serving as Chief of Staff, would form the invasion's backbone. All preparations were to be completed by the end of November 1941. The operation, designated 'Operation C', sought to 'seize Hong Kong within ten days'. Takahashi was the son of a factory worker, and rose through the ranks to become a veteran of China campaigns. He was tasked with capturing Hong Kong using the 38th Division normally assigned to the Southern Expeditionary Army Group. Despite setbacks and humiliation over requests for additional resources—particularly following intelligence reports of tanks (actually Bren carriers) in Hong Kong—Sakai remained determined to succeed. He served as Governor of Hong Kong from 26 December 1941 to 20 February 1942. Kuribayashi, best remembered as the Japanese commander at Iwo Jima, graduated from the Army Academy in 1914 specializing in cavalry. He served as deputy military attaché to Washington and Canada and studied at Harvard University. In December 1941, he held the position of Chief of Staff to the 23rd Army during the Hong Kong operation. Operation C followed a straightforward strategic framework. A blocking force would prevent Chinese interference from the rear, while the main invasion force would spearhead the assault. The 23rd Army, comprising four divisions plus a mixed brigade and two infantry regiments, received the assignment to attack Hong Kong. Of these four divisions, only the 38th played a substantive role in the invasion itself. The attack employed a combined-arms approach. Naval forces would establish a blockade and deliver bombardment while aircraft targeted key installations. Ground forces from the 38th Division—specifically the 228th, 229th, and 230th Regiments—would execute the land invasion using a three-pronged strategy. The right column would sweep westward in a wide arc, clearing Castle Peak Road and targeting the western flank of the Gin Drinkers Line near Laichikok Peninsula. The centre force would press directly through the line's middle, while the left column would cross Tidal Cove (Tolo Harbour) toward Kai Tak Airport and eastward toward Devil Peak, a crucial defensive position. The objective was to annihilate British forces on the mainland and compel Hong Kong's surrender through sustained bombardment. Should British forces resist, the island phase of the campaign would commence. Securing the rear against the Chinese National Army of the 7th Military District and Communist guerrillas fell to the 66th Regiment, normally part of the 51st Division but attached to the 38th for this operation. The 66th would simultaneously occupy and secure rear areas throughout the New Territories and Kowloon while the three assault regiments engaged the main defensive forces. This rearguard operation was organised into columns named after their commanding officers: Kitazawa, Kobayashi, Sato, and Araki. The Japanese selected the narrowest approach between Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, targeting the eastern coast near Lyemun Passage where only 410 metres of water separated the mainland from the island. Upon landing, forces would rapidly advance inland to seize the critical junction of Wongneichong Gap, then pivot westward and southward to capture Victoria City and the remainder of Hong Kong. The naval contingent divided into two groups: the Bombardment Group and the Attack Group. Approximately 300 personnel from the Special Naval Landing Force (SNLF) were attached to the invasion force. Air support came from the First Air Brigade under Col. Habu Hideharu, which contributed 56 light bombers and fighters. Their mission was to neutralise the Royal Air Force and Royal Navy, thereby securing aerial and maritime superiority for the ground campaign.   On the eve of war, the British garrison numbered 13,981 all ranks, including nursing staff and St John Ambulance personnel. Of these, 8,919 were British and Canadian, with 4,402 Indian and Chinese. The core infantry force comprised 5,422 regular soldiers, complemented by approximately 6,000 additional personnel across artillery, engineering, naval, and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC) units. By 1941, the Royal Navy had become a shadow of its former self as the once-dominant China Squadron. Of the three World War I destroyers present on 8 December, two had been sent to Singapore—the third undergoing repairs—by 1930. This redeployment stemmed partly from the futility of defending the colony and partly from a commitment by senior US Navy officers: Britain would reinforce Singapore with Hong Kong's fleet in exchange for four American destroyers at Singapore. This American guarantee, however, never materialized. The defensive infrastructure focused primarily on countering a seaborne attack: twenty-nine coastal guns (9.2in., 6in., 4.7in., and 4in. calibres), ten 18- and 2-pounder beach defense guns, and twenty-eight field guns (60-pounder, 6in., 4.5in., and 3.7in. calibres). The Hong Kong Garrison's infantry comprised four regular army battalions—two British and two Indian—bolstered by five HKVDC infantry companies, each averaging 100 men. The 1st Middlesex Regiment, deployed in August 1937, served as a machine-gun battalion equipped with forty-eight Vickers medium machine guns. Having been abroad since 1931, the regiment had deteriorated through protracted garrison service, Hong Kong being among the softest postings available. From September 1939 onward, all regiments—including the 5/7 Rajputs (arrived June 1937) and the 2/14 Punjab—experienced systematic loss of experienced officers and NCOs to other theaters. The Royal Scots proved particularly hard hit, suffering disciplinary problems and an unusually high court-martial rate. Units like the Hong Kong and Singapore Royal Artillery suffered critical leadership gaps that went unaddressed. By December 1941, many formations fielded inexperienced replacement troops, significantly undermining combat readiness. The Punjabis exemplified these deficiencies. Stationed in Hong Kong since November 1940, they received their vehicles and mortars only in August 1941—three months before combat. Compounding this, forty percent of their strength consisted of raw recruits arrived just in October. When war erupted, artillery regiments found themselves relying on junior officers in senior roles, with British commanders unfamiliar with Urdu directing Indian troops, a handicap that severely compromised effectiveness. Deficient equipment compounded leadership shortages. Shells dating from 1918 detonated prematurely upon discharge, while ammunition shortages crippled operations. On 8 December, all field guns deployed with merely 100 rounds apiece, with 200 rounds held in reserve for the entire campaign, and coastal guns received only 25 rounds each. Insufficient cross-training meant many infantrymen failed to understand the artillery "clock face" targeting system, causing them to miss their objectives. Malaria devastated European troops, particularly the Royal Scots. Of approximately 770 personnel, at least 180 suffered recurring malarial episodes from the Shing Mun Redoubt area's notoriously endemic conditions. Staff shortages forced nearly every unit to promote junior officers to positions beyond their rank, exacerbating structural weaknesses. Although the Canadians' arrival bolstered the garrison, significant handicaps undermined their effectiveness. Both battalions carried a C-class designation—deemed unfit for foreign service—having spent years in soft garrison postings without rigorous training. The deficit was stark: each Canadian soldier received only thirty-five rifle practice rounds. The two battalions incorporated 115 men with fewer than sixteen weeks' training, while sixty-two of seventy-five recruits joining the Winnipeg Grenadiers in June came directly from a training depot lacking even basic rifles. Twelve percent of the Canadian force remained untrained. Equipment deficiencies proved even more damaging. A standard 1941 Canadian infantry battalion required 102 motor vehicles—including twenty-two Universal Carriers, thirty-seven ¾-ton trucks, thirteen 1-ton trucks, thirty-one bicycles, and twenty-two Boys anti-tank rifles. When the Canadians landed, logistical failures left them with only six Bren carriers, two water tankers, twelve ¾-ton trucks, and a single Boys anti-tank rifle. Although they carried 3in. mortars, neither ammunition nor radios accompanied them. Canada possessed only 300 3-inch mortar bombs in its entire inventory at that time, making any allocation to Hong Kong impossible. A second vessel, the SS Don Jose, was dispatched with replacement vehicles and equipment but never reached Hong Kong before 8 December. The Japanese seized it en route to Manila. Despite these shortcomings, the force departed on 27 October with 1,975 men and arrived on 16 November. Intelligence estimates regarding Japanese available forces varied widely, ranging from two to four divisions. On 6 December evening, Chinese reports confirmed the previous day's arrival of three Japanese divisions at Buji township, located eight miles from the border in what is now Shenzhen. Earlier, around 1 November, a Japanese deserter provided intelligence of significant troop concentrations north of the frontier, including large-calibre artillery indicative of at least divisional strength.   The Hong Kong invasion force comprised three service branches: the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) deployed the 38th Infantry Division, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) committed the Second China Fleet, and the Imperial Japanese Air Force (IJAF) contributed the 1st Air Group. Command of the ground assault rested with Lieutenant-General Sano Tadayoshi of the 38th Division, supported by Major-General Ito Takeo heading the infantry group, while supporting arms including artillery, engineers, armor, and transport fell under Sano's authority. The main assault force consisted of three infantry regiments from the 38th Division, each led by a colonel: the 228th under Doi Teihichi, the 229th under Tanaka Ryosaburo, and the 230th under Shoji Toshishige. The 38th Division itself was a standard 1940s B-class infantry division of approximately 20,000 troops (ranging from 18,000–21,000 depending on operational requirements), organized into three regiments with three battalions each. Reflecting the Japanese army's reliance on animal and human transport, each regiment fielded roughly 3,800 troops supported by some 700 horses. Battalion strength averaged around 1,071 personnel, with companies numbering approximately 180 men. Japanese infantry battalions of this period featured a distinctive organization: rifle platoons consisted of four sections (three equipped with rifles and light machine guns, one with light mortars and rifles), complemented by an additional heavy machine-gun company fielding twelve Type 92 weapons and a troop of light artillery—likely Type 92 70mm infantry guns. The divisional field artillery regiment operated 75mm Type 41 mountain guns organized into three 688-man battalions, each with two troops of two guns. Mountain artillery units, numbering 36 guns total, carried additional personnel (3,400) and animals (1,400) to navigate the terrain complexities of Hong Kong operations. Recognizing the need for overwhelming firepower to compel Hong Kong's surrender, the IJA augmented the invasion force with heavy artillery—15cm and 24cm howitzers commanded by Major-General Kitashima Kineo. News of the Canadian reinforcements arriving in Hong Kong forced a reassessment. Commander-in-Chief Sakai Takashi of the 23rd Army informed his superiors that the original ten-day timeline was unrealistic and requested additional troops. Although most formations were already committed to other operations, Imperial Headquarters eventually authorized two depot regiments from Japan to support the campaign. Intended for second-line duties rather than frontline combat, these units were to be returned promptly after freeing experienced personnel for Hong Kong operations. This arrangement allowed the 19th and 20th mixed brigades—approximately 6,000 men organized in five infantry battalions, a field artillery battalion, and an engineer battalion—to be released for Hong Kong. However, Sakai's request for reinforcements met with disapproval from Imperial Headquarters, and he received an unmistakable message: a swift, decisive campaign was essential. His situation worsened when Japanese agents mistakenly identified British Bren carriers as tanks, forcing Sakai to improvise armor by raiding the 1st Reserve Tank Battalion and tankette units from infantry depot divisions. In attempting to secure additional armor from the 11th Army's 9th Reconnaissance Regiment, Sakai encountered resistance. General Hata Shunroku lodged sustained complaints with senior officials, and Sakai received a sharp rebuke—further requests would not be entertained, and his replacement would follow if necessary. Stung by this loss of face, Sakai abandoned all additional requests and became even more determined to achieve success. Vice-Admiral Niimi Masaichi, commanding the 2nd China Expeditionary Fleet, oversaw the entire naval element, divided into bombardment and attack groups. His flagship, the light cruiser Isuzu, carried Captain Ura Koichi, who simultaneously commanded the bombardment group. This naval force assembled ships from various China Expeditionary Fleet units, particularly from the Canton Special Base Force, 15 Squadron, and 11 Torpedo Boat Division at Guangzhou. Reflecting Niimi's lack of confidence in the army's air support capabilities, the seaplane tender IJN Kamikawa Maru joined the operation on his insistence, providing organic naval aviation against the threat posed by British Wildebeests. Niimi also petitioned for destroyers IJN Wakaba and Yugure to counter the three British destroyers, though this request was denied. The Special Naval Landing Forces (SNLF) were assigned to conduct diversionary attacks south of Hong Kong Island, intended to distract British forces from the main land invasion thrust. The IJAF's 1st Air Brigade, commanded by Colonel Habu Hideharu, centered on the 45th Air Regiment with 34 Kawasaki Ki-32 Type 98 'Mary' light bombers. This composite force drew aircraft and units from airfields across China and Manchuria—Beijing, Shanghai, Taiwan, and Qiqihar—all assembled at Baiyun Aerodrome in Guangzhou on 7 December 1941. Supporting the 1st Air Brigade were the 10th Independent Squadron under Captain Takatsuki Akira with 13 Nakajima Ki-27 Type 97 'Nate' fighters, 3 Mitsubishi Ki-15 Type 97 'Babs' command reconnaissance aircraft from the 18th Independent Reconnaissance Squadron, and the 44th Independent Squadron fielding 6 Tachikawa Ki-36 Type 98 'Ida' observation aircraft. Years before the invasion, the Japanese cultivated an extensive network of agents and sleeper operatives in Hong Kong, methodically gathering intelligence and mapping military installations. This sophisticated network proved remarkably effective: invasion maps carried by IJA officers were actually Hong Kong Government and British military maps, overprinted with Japanese annotations and interpretations. British officers later discovered in captivity that the Peninsula Hotel's regular barber was a Japanese Navy lieutenant-commander who had exploited the intimate setting to extract valuable information about British force dispositions. Intelligence operatives infiltrated every level of Hong Kong society—the garrison tailor and barber both served as spies. This groundwork enabled exceptional accuracy in artillery fire and bombing campaigns. The Japanese further leveraged criminal networks, recruiting gangsters throughout Hong Kong and Guangdong province with money and arms, turning them into irregular auxiliaries supporting the invasion.   On Sunday, 7 December, seven hundred members of the 2nd Royal Scots and Middlesex Regiment marched to St John's Cathedral for the morning service. As Major-General Maltby read a passage from Matthew, his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant I. MacGregor, delivered an urgent message that would change everything. Preparations for conflict had already begun. On 5 December, the HKVDC had mobilized fully, yet Hong Kong's broader population remained unmoved—the Happy Valley racetrack reported record attendance that very day. The contrast was stark: while one institution prepared for war, another celebrated as though nothing threatened. Japanese forces had been positioned advantageously since autumn 1941. The 23rd Army was already stationed west of Guangzhou, with contingents scattered across Foshan Town, Zhuhai, and other locations on the Pearl River delta. Upon orders for war on 1 December, they faced minimal distances to cover. The army regrouped at Humen, Shilong Town, and Guangzhou itself—staging areas for the invasion. The first visible signs arrived on 4–5 December when Japanese forces landed at Mirs Bay; the 228th Regiment moved into its staging area at Buji Town, now part of Shenzhen City. Maltby received these reports and immediately departed the cathedral service to issue urgent stand-to orders. Yet skepticism persisted within military circles. Some dismissed the threat, dismissing such intelligence as "astonishingly erroneous." Meanwhile, the Imperial Japanese Navy massed in the waters beyond Hong Kong's horizon. The Kowloon Infantry Brigade held a stretched defensive line: the 5/7 Rajputs anchored the centre, the 2/14 Punjab the east, and the 2nd Royal Scots the west. Forward positions extended far—C Company, 2/14 Punjab, under Major S. Burns ranged along Castle Peak Road toward Yuen Long. The brigade screen, C Company of the 2/14 Punjab, held Shueng Shui and Taipo Market with four Bren carriers and two armoured cars from the HKVDC, backed by engineers and the 22nd Fortress Company. The Hong Kong Infantry Brigade held Hong Kong Island itself. The Winnipeg Grenadiers occupied Victoria City on the north-west coast, while the Royal Rifles of Canada stretched along the north-east shores from Saukiwan to Lyemun. Brigadier Lawson commanded from his headquarters at Wongneichong Gap in the island's centre. At 0355 hours on 8 December, the code word "Blossom Blossom" was transmitted. Eleven minutes later, Lieutenant-General Sakai ordered the invasion to commence. Fifty minutes after that, at 0445 hours, Major Charles Boxer—a fluent Japanese speaker formerly of the Lincolnshire Regiment—was roused by Radio Tokyo announcing that war was imminent. Governor Young and Major-General Maltby were informed at once. By 0500 hours, the forward demolition points had been blown by Major Gray, OC of C Company 2/14 Punjab, and the HKVDC engineers under Major J. H. Bottomley. At 0645 hours, the garrison received formal notification: Britain and Japan were at war. Seventy-five minutes later, air-raid sirens wailed. Within moments, smoke billowed from Kai Tak Airport as Japanese aircraft destroyed virtually the entire air garrison. The Wildebeests, Walruses, HKVDC biplanes, and several civilian planes were engulfed in flames. Only two Ju-52s of the Eurasia Corporation and one CNAC T-32 Condor escaped destruction—dispersal bays had never been built due to lack of funds. The Japanese then turned to secondary targets, bombing Shamshuipo Camp and the neighbouring police station. The Canadians suffered few large-scale casualties in the initial strikes, though Sergeant Routledge and Signalman Fairley of the signal platoon were wounded—the first Canadian soldiers injured in World War II. Remarkably, Hong Kong Island's theatres, cinemas, and restaurants continued operating as though the island faced no peril. Japanese demolition efforts proved only minor obstacles. Bridges blown were quickly replaced. The invasion proceeded on three fronts: the 230th Regiment advanced westward along the northern route toward Yuen Long and Castle Peak, targeting the northern slope of Tai Mo Mountain. The 228th Regiment drove down the centre, following the Sheung Shui–Taipo–Kowloon road toward Grassy Hill north of the Shing Mun Redoubt. The 229th Regiment, crossing at Sha Tau Kok and by boat at Starling Inlet, proceeded via Taipo toward Tai Shui Hang and Ma On Mountain. Whenever confronted with strongly defended positions, the Japanese bypassed them entirely rather than engage. The first day brought scattered but spirited resistance. Around 1300 hours, the Punjabis inflicted the first serious check, drawing blood from advancing Japanese forces. At 1830 hours, they ambushed and decimated several Japanese platoons south of Taipo market town. The HKVDC's armoured cars and Bren carriers struck similar successes nearby. The 2 Royal Scots' reconnaissance platoon clashed with elements of the 229th Regiment around Yuen Long. Despite these minor victories, Japanese momentum continued. Armed with stolen British maps and guided by fifth columnists, they pushed forward relentlessly. By late afternoon on the 8th, the Punjabis withdrew toward Grassy Hill to avoid being outflanked. The artillerymen of the 12th Battery engaged an IJN destroyer and Japanese forces around Taipo, inflicting heavy casualties. Farther south near Shatin, on the Taipo–Kowloon highway, rapidly advancing Japanese troops surprised the defenders and severed the fuse at an HKVDC demolition point. Their triumph proved momentary; the engineers completed the backup circuit and detonated the bridge, destroying it along with the Japanese soldiers crossing it. By early morning on 9 December, orders came to withdraw all mainland units to the Gin Drinkers Line. The Punjabis, already at Shatin Wai overlooking Tide Cove, held their position under pressure and continuous shelling for the next two days. The HKVDC withdrew to Fotan, a village south of Shatin. Maltby ordered D Company, 5/7 Rajputs, under Captain H. R. Newtons to Smuggler's Ridge to close the gap between the 2 Royal Scots and 2/14 Punjab. HKVDC armoured cars and Bren carriers continued patrols along Castle Peak Road while HMS Cicala, having survived two air attacks, maintained station in Castle Peak Bay. Despite an IJN blockade, the destroyers HMS Thanet and Scout slipped anchor and escaped to Singapore around 2130 hours. The surviving CNAC and Eurasia aircraft took off with high-value evacuees: Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's widow and her two equally renowned sisters—the Soong sisters—along with Chinese Finance Minister H. H. Kung. Also departing was Lieutenant-Colonel H. Owen-Hughes of the HKVDC, who carried orders to coordinate with the Chinese Nationalist Army for a rear-guard attack on Japanese forces to relieve the pressure on Hong Kong. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. On 8 December 1941, Japan attacked Hong Kong with the 38th Division, supported by naval and air forces. Despite British defenses manned by undertrained, under-equipped troops, Japanese forces advanced rapidly across three fronts. Within hours, the RAF was destroyed, demolitions proved futile, and British units withdrew toward the Gin Drinkers Line facing overwhelming odds.

How can #creatives use #AI to #becomemore productive without letting AI take over the #creativeprocess?     Dr. Albert Bramante, Ph.D. #TalentAgent, #Psychology Professor, #Author of "Rise Above the Script", shares #practicaltips and strategies for using #ChatGPT, Claude, #GoogleGemini, and Perplexity as tools for brainstorming, research, writing, and #productivity—while keeping your own voice, stories, experience, and creativity at the centre. Plus, we explore the growing concerns around AI dependence, #AIrelationships, synthetic intimacy, social media, loneliness, and our changing communication skills. This powerful conversation asks us to consider where AI belongs in our lives—and where #healthyboundaries need to remain. About Albert Bramante, Ph.D.:For over 20 years, Albert has helped performers, educators, and creators #breakthroughfear and self-doubt—whether that's  #impostersyndrome, self-sabotage, or believing they're not “enough”—using a unique combination of #psychology, #hypnosis, #NLP, and practical tech skills. As a professor, talent agent, and certified hypnotist, Albert's mission aligns with making change fun, actionable, and, yes, easy for creatives. He also teaches coaches and creators how to harness AI tools like ChatGPT and Claude to simplify content creation and cut down overwhelm.Learn more and connect with Dr. Albert now at:https://bramanteartists.com/https://linktr.ee/albertbramante#ArtificialIntelligence #AIForCreatives #AIProductivity #AIClarity #AIAndCreativity #HumanConnection #HumanTouch #CreativeMindset #PerformanceMindset #ContentCreation #AIWriting #PromptEngineering  #ClaudeAI #PerplexityAI #AIAndMentalHealth #DigitalWellbeing #AIEthics #AIAndTheFuture #CreativeEmpowerment #SelfTrust #AuthenticContent #PersonalBranding #Creators_____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://calendar.app.google/ycNkS9obhoQhiYXM6

Parents in Australia have many questions about the food provided to children attending long day care and sessional kindergarten. Do children eat food provided by the centre, or can parents send food from home? To what extent are halal and vegetarian dietary requirements accommodated? And how are sensitive issues such as food allergies managed? - آسٹریلیا میں لانگ ڈے کیئر اور سیشنل کنڈر جانے والے بچوں کی خوراک کے حوالے سے والدین کے ذہن میں کئی سوالات ہوتے ہیں۔ کیا بچے سینٹر کا کھانا کھاتے ہیں یا گھر سے خوراک لے جا سکتے ہیں؟ حلال اور ویجیٹیرین ضروریات کس حد تک پوری کی جاتی ہیں؟ اور فوڈ الرجی جیسے حساس مسئلے سے کیسے نمٹا جاتا ہے؟ ان تمام سوالات پر SBS اردو نے 15 سالہ تجربہ رکھنے والی ماہر آمنہ جاوید سے تفصیلی گفتگو کی۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

What does it mean to be khud-mukhtaar? In this Independence Day episode of Urdunama, Fabeha Syed looks at the Urdu word for being independent, self-governing and able to make your own choices. But khud-mukhtaari is not simply about doing what you want. It also means living with the consequences of your choices. Through the poetry of Allama Iqbal, Munawwar Rana, and others, this episode explores ideas of freedom, choice, selfhood and responsibility, and what it really means to have ikhtiyar over your own life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Learn about five common animals in Pakistan

The Fair Work Commission has announced a minimum wage of $31.30 an hour along with mandatory insurance for delivery and rideshare workers. The Transport Workers Union has called it a historic decision for the industry, while Sydney-based delivery worker Mazhar Qadir, who has been in the job for three years, welcomed the move but said several aspects still need clarification. - فیئر ورک کمیشن نے ڈیلیوری اور رائیڈ شیئر ورکرز کے لیے 31 اعشاریہ 30 ڈالر فی گھنٹہ کم از کم اجرت اور لازمی انشورنس کا اعلان کر دیا۔ ٹرانسپورٹ ورکرز یونین نے اسے صنعت کے لیے تاریخی قرار دیا، جبکہ سڈنی میں تین سال سے ڈیلیوری کرنے والے مظہر قادر نے فیصلے کو خوش آئند کہتے ہوئے کئی پہلوؤں پر مزید وضاحت کا مطالبہ کیا۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

"...Words can hurt or words can heal. Now more than ever, it's important that we use the #powerofwords to create and connect, rather than to divide and destroy...".-- Gail Dixon,  #Leader, #Speaker, #BestSellingAuthor, & #Founder of Heart's Voice Movement.    In this deeply meaningful conversation, Gail Dixon, founder of the Hearts Voice Movement, explores how to reconnect with your #innertruth, use language as a sacred tool, and move through life from #love rather than fear, anger, lack, or division.We talk about the power of #SelfTalk, #emotionalwounds, #difficultconversations, silence, boundaries, and what it really means to communicate #fromtheheart. Gail also shares why she believes there are “no others, only us” — and how living from this perspective can move us toward a more #compassionate, #connected, and #winwin world.If you've ever struggled with negative self-talk, painful words from others, #difficultrelationships, or knowing how to respond when someone comes at you with anger, this conversation offers a powerful invitation to pause, listen inward, and return to what your #heart knows to be true.  Learn more and connect with Gail now at: https://heartsvoicemovement.comLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gaildixonmessaging/FB Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/heartsvoicemovementYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@gaildixon6843 Plus, you can join Gail's FREE online "Gathering of Hearts" on the First Friday of each month at 12 pm EST by registering at:https://heartsvoicemovement.com/monthly#HeartVoice #HeartLedLiving #InnerVoice #ListenToYourHeart #PositiveSelfTalk #selftalkmatters #EmotionalHealing #HealingJourney #HeartLedCommunication #ConsciousCommunication #SpiritualAwakening #SpiritualGrowth #DivineGuidance #SelfAwareness #EmotionalIntelligence #HealthyBoundaries #LoveOverFear #InnerHealing #PersonalGrowth #MindfulCommunication #AuthenticLiving #ConsciousLiving #FindingYourPurpose #SpiritualJourney #GailDixon #wordsofwisdom _____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness. Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://calendar.app.google/ycNkS9obhoQhiYXM6

"...Words can hurt or words can heal. Now more than ever, it's important that we use the #powerofwords to create and connect, rather than to divide and destroy...".-- Gail Dixon,  #Leader, #Speaker, #BestSellingAuthor, & #Founder of Heart's Voice Movement.    In this deeply meaningful conversation, Gail Dixon, founder of the Hearts Voice Movement, explores how to reconnect with your #innertruth, use language as a sacred tool, and move through life from #love rather than fear, anger, lack, or division.We talk about the power of #SelfTalk, #emotionalwounds, #difficultconversations, silence, boundaries, and what it really means to communicate #fromtheheart. Gail also shares why she believes there are “no others, only us” — and how living from this perspective can move us toward a more #compassionate, #connected, and #winwin world.If you've ever struggled with negative self-talk, painful words from others, #difficultrelationships, or knowing how to respond when someone comes at you with anger, this conversation offers a powerful invitation to pause, listen inward, and return to what your #heart knows to be true.  Learn more and connect with Gail now at: https://heartsvoicemovement.comLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gaildixonmessaging/FB Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/heartsvoicemovementYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@gaildixon6843 Plus, you can join Gail's FREE online "Gathering of Hearts" on the First Friday of each month at 12 pm EST by registering at:https://heartsvoicemovement.com/monthly#HeartVoice #HeartLedLiving #InnerVoice #ListenToYourHeart #PositiveSelfTalk #selftalkmatters #EmotionalHealing #HealingJourney #HeartLedCommunication #ConsciousCommunication #SpiritualAwakening #SpiritualGrowth #DivineGuidance #SelfAwareness #EmotionalIntelligence #HealthyBoundaries #LoveOverFear #InnerHealing #PersonalGrowth #MindfulCommunication #AuthenticLiving #ConsciousLiving #FindingYourPurpose #SpiritualJourney #GailDixon #wordsofwisdom _____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness. Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://calendar.app.google/ycNkS9obhoQhiYXM6

Speaking about the agreement, international affairs expert Amjad Ali Khan explained the significance of the Mecca Agreement between Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye, and why it has been described as an “Islamic NATO.” - ماہرِ بین الاقوامی سیاست امجد علی خان نے گفتگو میں پاکستان، سعودی عرب اور ترکی کے مابین طے پانے والے مکہ ایگریمنٹ کی اہمیت اور اسے "اسلامک نیٹو" کہے جانے کی وجوہات پر روشنی ڈالی۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

Descended from Mughal nobility, Akhtar al-Nisa Begum Nawab Sarbuland Jung grew up in Hyderabad in southern India, where she lived a quiet, private, and privileged life at the heart of the state's royal court. In 1896, at the age of 20, she married Nawab Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Sarbuland Jung, a prominent lawyer and the scion of a leading Muslim reformist movement. In 1909, the wealthy couple embarked on a four-month journey through the Middle East and Europe, performing the hajj in Mecca and sitting for tea with the future king and queen of England. A Journey to Mecca and London: The Travels of an Indian Muslim Woman, 1909–1910 (Indiana University Press, 2025) provides the first full English translation of Begum Sarbuland's Urdu travel diary from this journey, of which only three original copies remain. Originally intended for circulation among friends and family and later published, her informal entries not only reveal the everyday practices of an Indian woman of her time, but also detail her impressions and reactions as she explored the world alongside her husband. As Begum Sarbuland encountered other women and Muslims during her travels, those encounters shaped her reassessment of her own identity as a Muslim woman. Her observations hold continued significance for readers interested in critical questions about gender, Islam, and identity. Daniel Majchrowicz has thoroughly annotated his translation and paired it with rich appendices, including a biographical sketch of Begum Sarbuland and excerpts from Hamidullah Khan's own accounts of their journey. Engagingly written and enriched with years of original research, archival work, and family interviews, A Journey to Mecca and London restores the nearly forgotten narrative of one of India's first Muslim women travel writers to its rightful place in Indian and Islamic history. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Descended from Mughal nobility, Akhtar al-Nisa Begum Nawab Sarbuland Jung grew up in Hyderabad in southern India, where she lived a quiet, private, and privileged life at the heart of the state's royal court. In 1896, at the age of 20, she married Nawab Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Sarbuland Jung, a prominent lawyer and the scion of a leading Muslim reformist movement. In 1909, the wealthy couple embarked on a four-month journey through the Middle East and Europe, performing the hajj in Mecca and sitting for tea with the future king and queen of England. A Journey to Mecca and London: The Travels of an Indian Muslim Woman, 1909–1910 (Indiana University Press, 2025) provides the first full English translation of Begum Sarbuland's Urdu travel diary from this journey, of which only three original copies remain. Originally intended for circulation among friends and family and later published, her informal entries not only reveal the everyday practices of an Indian woman of her time, but also detail her impressions and reactions as she explored the world alongside her husband. As Begum Sarbuland encountered other women and Muslims during her travels, those encounters shaped her reassessment of her own identity as a Muslim woman. Her observations hold continued significance for readers interested in critical questions about gender, Islam, and identity. Daniel Majchrowicz has thoroughly annotated his translation and paired it with rich appendices, including a biographical sketch of Begum Sarbuland and excerpts from Hamidullah Khan's own accounts of their journey. Engagingly written and enriched with years of original research, archival work, and family interviews, A Journey to Mecca and London restores the nearly forgotten narrative of one of India's first Muslim women travel writers to its rightful place in Indian and Islamic history. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/islamic-studies

Descended from Mughal nobility, Akhtar al-Nisa Begum Nawab Sarbuland Jung grew up in Hyderabad in southern India, where she lived a quiet, private, and privileged life at the heart of the state's royal court. In 1896, at the age of 20, she married Nawab Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Sarbuland Jung, a prominent lawyer and the scion of a leading Muslim reformist movement. In 1909, the wealthy couple embarked on a four-month journey through the Middle East and Europe, performing the hajj in Mecca and sitting for tea with the future king and queen of England. A Journey to Mecca and London: The Travels of an Indian Muslim Woman, 1909–1910 (Indiana University Press, 2025) provides the first full English translation of Begum Sarbuland's Urdu travel diary from this journey, of which only three original copies remain. Originally intended for circulation among friends and family and later published, her informal entries not only reveal the everyday practices of an Indian woman of her time, but also detail her impressions and reactions as she explored the world alongside her husband. As Begum Sarbuland encountered other women and Muslims during her travels, those encounters shaped her reassessment of her own identity as a Muslim woman. Her observations hold continued significance for readers interested in critical questions about gender, Islam, and identity. Daniel Majchrowicz has thoroughly annotated his translation and paired it with rich appendices, including a biographical sketch of Begum Sarbuland and excerpts from Hamidullah Khan's own accounts of their journey. Engagingly written and enriched with years of original research, archival work, and family interviews, A Journey to Mecca and London restores the nearly forgotten narrative of one of India's first Muslim women travel writers to its rightful place in Indian and Islamic history. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies

Descended from Mughal nobility, Akhtar al-Nisa Begum Nawab Sarbuland Jung grew up in Hyderabad in southern India, where she lived a quiet, private, and privileged life at the heart of the state's royal court. In 1896, at the age of 20, she married Nawab Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Sarbuland Jung, a prominent lawyer and the scion of a leading Muslim reformist movement. In 1909, the wealthy couple embarked on a four-month journey through the Middle East and Europe, performing the hajj in Mecca and sitting for tea with the future king and queen of England. A Journey to Mecca and London: The Travels of an Indian Muslim Woman, 1909–1910 (Indiana University Press, 2025) provides the first full English translation of Begum Sarbuland's Urdu travel diary from this journey, of which only three original copies remain. Originally intended for circulation among friends and family and later published, her informal entries not only reveal the everyday practices of an Indian woman of her time, but also detail her impressions and reactions as she explored the world alongside her husband. As Begum Sarbuland encountered other women and Muslims during her travels, those encounters shaped her reassessment of her own identity as a Muslim woman. Her observations hold continued significance for readers interested in critical questions about gender, Islam, and identity. Daniel Majchrowicz has thoroughly annotated his translation and paired it with rich appendices, including a biographical sketch of Begum Sarbuland and excerpts from Hamidullah Khan's own accounts of their journey. Engagingly written and enriched with years of original research, archival work, and family interviews, A Journey to Mecca and London restores the nearly forgotten narrative of one of India's first Muslim women travel writers to its rightful place in Indian and Islamic history. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/south-asian-studies

Descended from Mughal nobility, Akhtar al-Nisa Begum Nawab Sarbuland Jung grew up in Hyderabad in southern India, where she lived a quiet, private, and privileged life at the heart of the state's royal court. In 1896, at the age of 20, she married Nawab Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Sarbuland Jung, a prominent lawyer and the scion of a leading Muslim reformist movement. In 1909, the wealthy couple embarked on a four-month journey through the Middle East and Europe, performing the hajj in Mecca and sitting for tea with the future king and queen of England. A Journey to Mecca and London: The Travels of an Indian Muslim Woman, 1909–1910 (Indiana University Press, 2025) provides the first full English translation of Begum Sarbuland's Urdu travel diary from this journey, of which only three original copies remain. Originally intended for circulation among friends and family and later published, her informal entries not only reveal the everyday practices of an Indian woman of her time, but also detail her impressions and reactions as she explored the world alongside her husband. As Begum Sarbuland encountered other women and Muslims during her travels, those encounters shaped her reassessment of her own identity as a Muslim woman. Her observations hold continued significance for readers interested in critical questions about gender, Islam, and identity. Daniel Majchrowicz has thoroughly annotated his translation and paired it with rich appendices, including a biographical sketch of Begum Sarbuland and excerpts from Hamidullah Khan's own accounts of their journey. Engagingly written and enriched with years of original research, archival work, and family interviews, A Journey to Mecca and London restores the nearly forgotten narrative of one of India's first Muslim women travel writers to its rightful place in Indian and Islamic history. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics Census spokesperson Emily Walter, personal information and the identities of people living in the same household will remain confidential. People without a permanent address and those experiencing homelessness will also be counted in the Census. Find out more in this episode of our podcast series. - آسٹریلین بیورو آف اسٹیٹسٹکس کی قومی مردم شماری کی ترجمان ایملی والٹر کے مطابق، مستقل پتہ نہ رکھنے والے اور بے گھر افراد کو بھی مردم شماری میں شمار کیا جائے گا، جبکہ ایک ہی گھر میں مقیم متعدد افراد کی ذاتی معلومات اور شناخت کو خفیہ رکھا جائے گا۔ تفصیل جانئے اس پوڈکاسٹ سیریز کی اس آخری قسط میں۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - جانئے کس طرح ایس بی ایس اردو کے مرکزی صفحے کو بُک مارک کریں ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے, اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے, “SBS Audio”کےنام سےموجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپیل (آئی فون) یااینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ ہمیں فیس بُک اور انسٹا گرام پر فالو کیجئے۔

Descended from Mughal nobility, Akhtar al-Nisa Begum Nawab Sarbuland Jung grew up in Hyderabad in southern India, where she lived a quiet, private, and privileged life at the heart of the state's royal court. In 1896, at the age of 20, she married Nawab Muhammad Hamidullah Khan Sarbuland Jung, a prominent lawyer and the scion of a leading Muslim reformist movement. In 1909, the wealthy couple embarked on a four-month journey through the Middle East and Europe, performing the hajj in Mecca and sitting for tea with the future king and queen of England. A Journey to Mecca and London: The Travels of an Indian Muslim Woman, 1909–1910 (Indiana University Press, 2025) provides the first full English translation of Begum Sarbuland's Urdu travel diary from this journey, of which only three original copies remain. Originally intended for circulation among friends and family and later published, her informal entries not only reveal the everyday practices of an Indian woman of her time, but also detail her impressions and reactions as she explored the world alongside her husband. As Begum Sarbuland encountered other women and Muslims during her travels, those encounters shaped her reassessment of her own identity as a Muslim woman. Her observations hold continued significance for readers interested in critical questions about gender, Islam, and identity. Daniel Majchrowicz has thoroughly annotated his translation and paired it with rich appendices, including a biographical sketch of Begum Sarbuland and excerpts from Hamidullah Khan's own accounts of their journey. Engagingly written and enriched with years of original research, archival work, and family interviews, A Journey to Mecca and London restores the nearly forgotten narrative of one of India's first Muslim women travel writers to its rightful place in Indian and Islamic history. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/british-studies

We usually think of gumraah as someone who has been led astray. But is that all the word means? In this episode of Urdunama, we unpack the word, 'gum-raah', through the poetry of Khumar Barabankvi and Muneer Niazi among others.  Along the way, we discover that gumraahi isn't always about taking the wrong path. Sometimes it begins with trust. Sometimes with love. Sometimes with a destination that opens into countless new roads. And sometimes, what looks like losing your way turns out to be finding a completely different one.Tune in to discover why one simple Urdu word can hold so many different journeys and paths. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Amina Javed, who has worked in the childcare sector for 15 years, explained the differences between preschool, sessional kindergarten and long day care in Australia, and how the system differs from that in Pakistan. - پندرہ سال سے چائلڈ کیئر کے شعبے سے وابستہ آمنہ جاوید نے بتایا کہ آسٹریلیا میں پری کنڈر، سیشنل کنڈر اور لانگ ڈے کیئر کے نظام میں کیا فرق ہے اور یہ پاکستان کے نظام سے کس طرح مختلف ہے۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

learn pronunciation

Salman Sakhawat left Sydney for regional Australia, where he worked on a farm, managed physically demanding jobs, and supported his pregnant wife despite limited access to medical facilities. He says challenges are part of the journey, but with hard work and perseverance, permanent residency can be achieved. - مستقل رہائش کے حصول کے لیے سلمان سخاوت نے سڈنی چھوڑ کر ریجنل آسٹریلیا کا رخ کیا، جہاں انہوں نے فارم پر کام کیا، سخت محنت کی اور محدود طبی سہولیات کے باوجود اپنی حاملہ اہلیہ کی ذمہ داریاں نبھائیں۔ ان کے مطابق چیلنجز اس سفر کا حصہ ہیں، لیکن محنت اور ثابت قدمی سے مستقل رہائش حاصل کی جا سکتی ہے۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ________________________جانئے کس طرح ایس بی ایس اردو کے مرکزی صفحے کو بُک مارک کریںہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے, اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے, “SBS Audio” کےنام سےموجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپیل (آئی فون) یااینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔

Emily Walter, National Census spokesperson for the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), says the ABS will never ask for your bank details, Tax File Number (TFN) or passwords. If you receive suspicious information or believe a scam may have targeted you, you should immediately contact the ABS through its website, the Census Contact Centre or the ABS Survey Contact Centre. Find out more in the episode of this podcast series. - آسٹریلین بیورو آف اسٹیٹسٹکس (ABS) کی قومی مردم شماری کی ترجمان ایمیلی والٹر کا کہنا ہے کہ ABS کبھی بھی بینک کی تفصیلات، ٹیکس فائل نمبر یا پاس ورڈ طلب نہیں کرتا۔اور اگر کسی شخص کو مشتبہ معلومات یا ممکنہ فراڈ کا شبہ ہو تو وہ فوری طور پر ABS کی ویب سائٹ، مردم شماری رابطہ مرکز یا ABS سروے رابطہ مرکز سے رجوع کرے۔ تفصیل جانئے اس پوڈکاسٹ سیریز کی اس قسط میں۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - جانئے کس طرح ایس بی ایس اردو کے مرکزی صفحے کو بُک مارک کریں ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے, اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے, “SBS Audio”کےنام سےموجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپیل (آئی فون) یااینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ ہمیں فیس بُک اور انسٹا گرام پر فالو کیجئے۔

Automotive industry professional Bilal Hassan explained why vehicle servicing and maintaining a logbook are far more important in Australia than in Pakistan. - آٹوموٹو انڈسٹری سے وابستہ بلال حسن نے بتایا کہ آسٹریلیا میں گاڑی کی سروسنگ اور لاگ بک کی دیکھ بھال کیوں پاکستان کے مقابلے میں کہیں زیادہ اہمیت رکھتی ہے۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

learn how to ask about the time

What can a nineteenth-century Christian convert from Islam teach us about faith, truth, and one of history's most influential Christian–Muslim debates? Today, Sean is joined by an anonymous Christian scholar living in a predominantly Muslim context where openly following Christ can be life-threatening. Because of active persecution, our guest appears without revealing identifying details. Today, he will talk about his book The Great Debate, focused on the most important Muslim convert to Christianity, and explores the historical roots of modern Christian-Muslim engagement especially the often-overlooked Urdu apologetics tradition.==========Think Biblically: Conversations on Faith and Culture is a podcast from Talbot School of Theology at Biola University, which offers degrees both online and on campus in Southern California.   Find all episodes of Think Biblically at: https://www.biola.edu/think-biblically.   To submit comments, ask questions, or make suggestions on issues you'd like us to cover or guests you'd like us to have on the podcast, email us at thinkbiblically@biola.edu.  

AI can write books, create content, and answer questions— Will AI replace #coaches, #consultants, #authors, and #experts?How can we use AI without losing our voice?In this episode, Christine Blosdale, The Expert Authority #Coach, and Samia dive into one of today's biggest questions: how #AI is transforming business—and why authentic human experience still matters more than ever.Learn how to embrace AI as a tool while protecting the one thing technology can never duplicate: YOU.Christine shares the secrets to create magnetic authority that no AI—or competitor—can replicate!A Note from Christine about herself:I specialize in helping entrepreneurs, thought leaders, and business owners develop and amplify their Expert Authority, so they can stand out, attract opportunities, and become go-to leaders in their industry.As the #1 #BestsellingAuthor of The Social Media and Branding Survival Guide: Digital Marketing So Irresistible, Even Your Ex Will Want To Follow You and a 25-year media veteran who has worked with industry giants like America Online and Microsoft, I bring insider strategies on #personalbranding, #visibility, and #digitalmarketing—and I'd love to share them with you!Learn more at:ExpertAuthorityCoach.comPlus: book a free #claritycall with Christine at:  http://www.chatwithchristineb.com NOTE: In the interview, Christine referred the audience to a voice-to-text tool for creating blogs. You can access the tool at: https://www.videotoblog.ai/?via=christine #ExpertAuthority #AuthorityMarketing #ThoughtLeadership #BusinessCoach #EntrepreneurMindset #WomenInBusiness #VisibilityMarketing #AuthenticBranding #MarketingStrategy #OnlineBusiness #BusinessGrowth #ContentMarketing #PublicSpeaking #AIForBusiness #AuthenticLeadership #MindsetMatters #SuccessMindset #PurposeDrivenBusiness #businesssuccess #businesssolutions #businessstrategies_____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://calendar.app.google/Z4MSZmgeLwsCZGCy8

AI can write books, create content, and answer questions— Will AI replace #coaches, #consultants, #authors, and #experts?How can we use AI without losing our voice?In this episode, Christine Blosdale, The Expert Authority #Coach, and Samia dive into one of today's biggest questions: how #AI is transforming business—and why authentic human experience still matters more than ever.Learn how to embrace AI as a tool while protecting the one thing technology can never duplicate: YOU.Christine shares the secrets to create magnetic authority that no AI—or competitor—can replicate!A Note from Christine about herself:I specialize in helping entrepreneurs, thought leaders, and business owners develop and amplify their Expert Authority, so they can stand out, attract opportunities, and become go-to leaders in their industry.As the #1 #BestsellingAuthor of The Social Media and Branding Survival Guide: Digital Marketing So Irresistible, Even Your Ex Will Want To Follow You and a 25-year media veteran who has worked with industry giants like America Online and Microsoft, I bring insider strategies on #personalbranding, #visibility, and #digitalmarketing—and I'd love to share them with you!Learn more at:ExpertAuthorityCoach.comPlus: book a free #claritycall with Christine at:  http://www.chatwithchristineb.com NOTE: In the interview, Christine referred the audience to a voice-to-text tool for creating blogs. You can access the tool at: https://www.videotoblog.ai/?via=christine #ExpertAuthority #AuthorityMarketing #ThoughtLeadership #BusinessCoach #EntrepreneurMindset #WomenInBusiness #VisibilityMarketing #AuthenticBranding #MarketingStrategy #OnlineBusiness #BusinessGrowth #ContentMarketing #PublicSpeaking #AIForBusiness #AuthenticLeadership #MindsetMatters #SuccessMindset #PurposeDrivenBusiness #businesssuccess #businesssolutions #businessstrategies_____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://calendar.app.google/Z4MSZmgeLwsCZGCy8

Brisbane-based dentist Amir Saeed told SBS that skipping regular dental check-ups because of the high cost of treatment can lead to serious oral health problems. - برسبین میں مقیم ڈینٹسٹ عامر سعید نے بتایا کہ آپ اگر مہنگے علاج کی وجہ سے اپنا ڈینٹل چیک اپ نہیں کرا پاتے تو اس کے نتیجے میں سنگین مسائل پیدا ہو سکتے ہیں۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

Mohammad Rasoolallah | The Messenger Of God Muhammad | Seerat Un Hindi Urdu

Most of us hear the word 'gumshuda' and think of a missing person. Urdu poetry has other ideas.In this episode of Urdunama, we explore how this simple word takes on many different meanings in poetry. Through these ashaar by Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Ahmad Mushtaq, and others, 'gumshuda' becomes much more than someone who has disappeared. It can be a lost voice, an unfinished song, an incomplete project, a wandering mind, a forgotten childhood, or even a part of ourselves that slowly disappears with time. It can also be that elusive creative spark, or an idea that catches you unawares, only to disappear before it has the chance to become a poem, a story or even a single sentence.Join us as we unpack one of Urdu's most layered words and discover how poetry uses gumshuda to make sense of absence, memory and the quiet search for what we've lost. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Speaking to SBS Urdu, Owais Khalid said that finding housing and employment were the biggest challenges he faced when relocating from Sydney to Hobart, Tasmania. - ایس بی ایس اردو سے بات کرتے ہوئے اویس خالد نے بتایا کہ سڈنی جیسے بڑے شہر سے تسمانیہ کے شہر ہوبارٹ منتقل ہونے کے دوران رہائش اور ملازمت سب سے بڑے چیلنجز کے طور پر سامنے آئے۔Explore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ______________ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

discover effective strategies and tips for learning Urdu

Ayesha Kamil, a Pakistani-origin engineer working in Australia's mining sector, says that Australia provides equal opportunities for everyone, regardless of gender. Listen to Ayesha Kamil discuss the opportunities and challenges for women in the mining industry. - آسٹریلیا میں کان کنی کے شعبے سے وابستہ پاکستانی نژاد انجنیئر عائشہ کامل کہتی ہیں کہ آسٹریلیا جنس سے قطع نظر ہر فرد کے لئے یکساں مواقع فراہم کرتا ہے ۔ خواتین کے لئے کان کنی کے شعبے میں کیا مواقع اور چیلنجز موجود ہیں سنئے عائشہ کامل کی زبانیExplore more ways to listen to the Urdu program here: Listen to SBS Urdu. Install our mobile app “SBS Audio” on Apple (iPhone) or Android devices: SBS Audio App. Download on Apple App Store, Download on Google Play. Follow us on social media: SBS Urdu on Facebook and on SBS Urdu on Instagram. - ہر بدھ اور جمعہ کا پورا پروگرام اس لنک پرسنئے , اردو پرگرام سننے کے دیگر طریقے SBS Audio کے نام سے موجود ہماری موبائیل ایپ ایپل (آئی فون) یا اینڈرائیڈ , ڈیوائیسزپرانسٹال کیجئے۔ پوڈکاسٹ سننے کے لئے نیچے دئے اپنے پسندیدہ پوڈ کاسٹ پلیٹ فارم کا انتخاب کیجئے:  Spotify Podcast , Apple Podcasts

Episode #579: “I did not expect to be conversing in Urdu with someone in Yangon.” Bilal Hassan, a Pakistani creator and doctor, traveled to Burma after noticing how much of Karachi's everyday culture carried unexplained Burmese traces: khao suey, family names, old songs about Rangoon, and stories no one could quite complete. His trip began as a search for those missing links, but Yangon gave him something more complicated than recognition. The city felt to him like the place where South Asia and Southeast Asia meet, with Urdu-speaking caretakers at Bahadur Shah Zafar's shrine, Surti and Memon mosques tied to Karachi business families, Tamil and Chulia Muslim institutions, halal food, and Burmese Muslim cuisine shaped by migration. Yet those familiar traces existed inside a post-coup country marked by checkpoints, fuel shortages, surveillance, airport controls, and a visible gap between wealth and hunger. A roadside woman near Bago had only white rice to offer, while a hotel buffet back in Yangon complete with French champagne cost dozens of dollars. The deepest tension came through Muslim life itself. Downtown Yangon looked visibly Muslim in ways Bilal had not expected, but when the subject of Rohingya was broached, it changed the air in the room. Some Muslims distanced themselves; others admitted fear and sadness but refused to keep speaking. Bilal came to see Muslim communities as connected, careful, and guarded, maintaining names, food, language, and religious life while learning how not to stand out. He left resisting both tourist denial and headline simplification. Burma was not only a war zone, not only a beautiful country, and not only a forgotten extension of South Asian memory. It was all of those at once, and the connections he found could not be separated from the silences people used to survive.

What does it really mean to be gumnaam?Often translated as "anonymous" or "unknown," the Urdu word carries a much deeper meaning. In this episode of Urdunama, we explore how gumnaam is used in Urdu poetry to reflect on forgotten contributors, invisible lives, fame, love and the underlying tension between recognition and obscurity. Through verses by Nida Fazli, Qateel Shifai, Ahmed Faraz and Meena Kumari Naaz, the episode asks a timeless question: Is being unknown always a misfortune, or can anonymity sometimes be its own kind of freedom? Tune in Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

You can have friends, family, followers—even a full social calendar—and still feel deeply lonely. In this episode, Tannaz Hosseinpour, registered psychotherapist qualifying, #relationshipcoach, #podcasthost and #author, explores the hidden causes of the modern #LonelinessEpidemic, why it's becoming a global #healthcrisis, and practical ways to build meaningful #healthyrelationships and #community. Tannaz explains how #belonging is one of the most powerful forms of #healing and shares the #latestresearch on #loneliness, #psychologicalflexibility, and why genuine community can improve #mentalhealth, #reduceanxiety, and even impact physical health.    Tanaz is the host of the Minutes on Growth #Podcast, and loves to leverage podcasting as a way to directly inspire her listeners with insightful tips and strategies on how they too can set and #achievegoals of #innerhealing, #spiritualgrowth and personal #purpose.Learn more and connect with Tannaz now at:https://minutesongrowth.com/#MentalHealth #EmotionalHealing #AuthenticConnection #EmotionalSafety #TraumaHealing #CommunityMatters #SelfAwareness #Psychology #Therapy #RelationshipAdvice #PersonalGrowth #HealingJourney #Connection #Vulnerability #PeoplePleasing #InnerHealing #EmotionalWellbeing #SocialConnection #AnxietyRecovery #DepressionAwareness #MindsetShift #SelfWorth #Psychotherapist #EmotionalIntelligence #HealingTogether #liveyourbestlife_____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://my.timetrade.com/book/JX9XJ

The United States' superpower status is often associated with its industrial, financial, and military might. Yet its global power after the Second World War hinged in part on something often seen as backward: agriculture. In contrast to Britain, the predominant global power of the nineteenth century, which depended on its current and former colonies for food and raw materials, the United States produced vast agricultural surpluses. During the 1950s, an era of decolonization and rising Cold War competition, the United States became the dominant exporter of food staples to industrializing nations in the Third World through its massive food aid program. Through the lens of food and agriculture, Agrarian Superpower: Food, Development, and the Global Ascendancy of the United States (Columbia University Press, 2026) by Dr. Samantha Iyer offers new ways to understand the roots of the post–Second World War global order and the US position in it. Samantha Iyer traces how two former British territories and agricultural competitors of the United States, India and Egypt, became two of the largest importers of US food aid. She investigates the origins and consequences of the US-centric postwar food regime by examining changes in the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural surpluses from the late nineteenth century to the early 1970s. Bringing together life in villages, towns, and cities with national, imperial, and international affairs, Dr. Iyer demonstrates that food aid was the expression of a changed political, economic, and ecological world that the United States did not create alone. Drawing on sources in Arabic, French, Urdu, and English, Agrarian Superpower is a groundbreaking comparative history of food, agriculture, and development. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

You can have friends, family, followers—even a full social calendar—and still feel deeply lonely. In this episode, Tannaz Hosseinpour, registered psychotherapist qualifying, #relationshipcoach, #podcasthost and #author, explores the hidden causes of the modern #LonelinessEpidemic, why it's becoming a global #healthcrisis, and practical ways to build meaningful #healthyrelationships and #community. Tannaz explains how #belonging is one of the most powerful forms of #healing and shares the #latestresearch on #loneliness, #psychologicalflexibility, and why genuine community can improve #mentalhealth, #reduceanxiety, and even impact physical health.    Tanaz is the host of the Minutes on Growth #Podcast, and loves to leverage podcasting as a way to directly inspire her listeners with insightful tips and strategies on how they too can set and #achievegoals of #innerhealing, #spiritualgrowth and personal #purpose.Learn more and connect with Tannaz now at:https://minutesongrowth.com/#MentalHealth #EmotionalHealing #AuthenticConnection #EmotionalSafety #TraumaHealing #CommunityMatters #SelfAwareness #Psychology #Therapy #RelationshipAdvice #PersonalGrowth #HealingJourney #Connection #Vulnerability #PeoplePleasing #InnerHealing #EmotionalWellbeing #SocialConnection #AnxietyRecovery #DepressionAwareness #MindsetShift #SelfWorth #Psychotherapist #EmotionalIntelligence #HealingTogether #liveyourbestlife_____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness. Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://my.timetrade.com/book/JX9XJ

The United States' superpower status is often associated with its industrial, financial, and military might. Yet its global power after the Second World War hinged in part on something often seen as backward: agriculture. In contrast to Britain, the predominant global power of the nineteenth century, which depended on its current and former colonies for food and raw materials, the United States produced vast agricultural surpluses. During the 1950s, an era of decolonization and rising Cold War competition, the United States became the dominant exporter of food staples to industrializing nations in the Third World through its massive food aid program. Through the lens of food and agriculture, Agrarian Superpower: Food, Development, and the Global Ascendancy of the United States (Columbia University Press, 2026) by Dr. Samantha Iyer offers new ways to understand the roots of the post–Second World War global order and the US position in it. Samantha Iyer traces how two former British territories and agricultural competitors of the United States, India and Egypt, became two of the largest importers of US food aid. She investigates the origins and consequences of the US-centric postwar food regime by examining changes in the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural surpluses from the late nineteenth century to the early 1970s. Bringing together life in villages, towns, and cities with national, imperial, and international affairs, Dr. Iyer demonstrates that food aid was the expression of a changed political, economic, and ecological world that the United States did not create alone. Drawing on sources in Arabic, French, Urdu, and English, Agrarian Superpower is a groundbreaking comparative history of food, agriculture, and development. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies

The United States' superpower status is often associated with its industrial, financial, and military might. Yet its global power after the Second World War hinged in part on something often seen as backward: agriculture. In contrast to Britain, the predominant global power of the nineteenth century, which depended on its current and former colonies for food and raw materials, the United States produced vast agricultural surpluses. During the 1950s, an era of decolonization and rising Cold War competition, the United States became the dominant exporter of food staples to industrializing nations in the Third World through its massive food aid program. Through the lens of food and agriculture, Agrarian Superpower: Food, Development, and the Global Ascendancy of the United States (Columbia University Press, 2026) by Dr. Samantha Iyer offers new ways to understand the roots of the post–Second World War global order and the US position in it. Samantha Iyer traces how two former British territories and agricultural competitors of the United States, India and Egypt, became two of the largest importers of US food aid. She investigates the origins and consequences of the US-centric postwar food regime by examining changes in the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural surpluses from the late nineteenth century to the early 1970s. Bringing together life in villages, towns, and cities with national, imperial, and international affairs, Dr. Iyer demonstrates that food aid was the expression of a changed political, economic, and ecological world that the United States did not create alone. Drawing on sources in Arabic, French, Urdu, and English, Agrarian Superpower is a groundbreaking comparative history of food, agriculture, and development. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/african-studies

The United States' superpower status is often associated with its industrial, financial, and military might. Yet its global power after the Second World War hinged in part on something often seen as backward: agriculture. In contrast to Britain, the predominant global power of the nineteenth century, which depended on its current and former colonies for food and raw materials, the United States produced vast agricultural surpluses. During the 1950s, an era of decolonization and rising Cold War competition, the United States became the dominant exporter of food staples to industrializing nations in the Third World through its massive food aid program. Through the lens of food and agriculture, Agrarian Superpower: Food, Development, and the Global Ascendancy of the United States (Columbia University Press, 2026) by Dr. Samantha Iyer offers new ways to understand the roots of the post–Second World War global order and the US position in it. Samantha Iyer traces how two former British territories and agricultural competitors of the United States, India and Egypt, became two of the largest importers of US food aid. She investigates the origins and consequences of the US-centric postwar food regime by examining changes in the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural surpluses from the late nineteenth century to the early 1970s. Bringing together life in villages, towns, and cities with national, imperial, and international affairs, Dr. Iyer demonstrates that food aid was the expression of a changed political, economic, and ecological world that the United States did not create alone. Drawing on sources in Arabic, French, Urdu, and English, Agrarian Superpower is a groundbreaking comparative history of food, agriculture, and development. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/food

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The United States' superpower status is often associated with its industrial, financial, and military might. Yet its global power after the Second World War hinged in part on something often seen as backward: agriculture. In contrast to Britain, the predominant global power of the nineteenth century, which depended on its current and former colonies for food and raw materials, the United States produced vast agricultural surpluses. During the 1950s, an era of decolonization and rising Cold War competition, the United States became the dominant exporter of food staples to industrializing nations in the Third World through its massive food aid program. Through the lens of food and agriculture, Agrarian Superpower: Food, Development, and the Global Ascendancy of the United States (Columbia University Press, 2026) by Dr. Samantha Iyer offers new ways to understand the roots of the post–Second World War global order and the US position in it. Samantha Iyer traces how two former British territories and agricultural competitors of the United States, India and Egypt, became two of the largest importers of US food aid. She investigates the origins and consequences of the US-centric postwar food regime by examining changes in the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural surpluses from the late nineteenth century to the early 1970s. Bringing together life in villages, towns, and cities with national, imperial, and international affairs, Dr. Iyer demonstrates that food aid was the expression of a changed political, economic, and ecological world that the United States did not create alone. Drawing on sources in Arabic, French, Urdu, and English, Agrarian Superpower is a groundbreaking comparative history of food, agriculture, and development. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

The United States' superpower status is often associated with its industrial, financial, and military might. Yet its global power after the Second World War hinged in part on something often seen as backward: agriculture. In contrast to Britain, the predominant global power of the nineteenth century, which depended on its current and former colonies for food and raw materials, the United States produced vast agricultural surpluses. During the 1950s, an era of decolonization and rising Cold War competition, the United States became the dominant exporter of food staples to industrializing nations in the Third World through its massive food aid program. Through the lens of food and agriculture, Agrarian Superpower: Food, Development, and the Global Ascendancy of the United States (Columbia University Press, 2026) by Dr. Samantha Iyer offers new ways to understand the roots of the post–Second World War global order and the US position in it. Samantha Iyer traces how two former British territories and agricultural competitors of the United States, India and Egypt, became two of the largest importers of US food aid. She investigates the origins and consequences of the US-centric postwar food regime by examining changes in the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural surpluses from the late nineteenth century to the early 1970s. Bringing together life in villages, towns, and cities with national, imperial, and international affairs, Dr. Iyer demonstrates that food aid was the expression of a changed political, economic, and ecological world that the United States did not create alone. Drawing on sources in Arabic, French, Urdu, and English, Agrarian Superpower is a groundbreaking comparative history of food, agriculture, and development. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/south-asian-studies

Episode #59 Summary The delightful and engaging Laura Spinney is a science journalist and author of the book Proto. Laura joins the podcast to help us unpack the extraordinary story of the ancient Bronze Age Yamnaya culture, whose linguistic legacy endures today in the family of Indo-European languages. Even though the Yamnaya's Proto language went extinct without being recorded, its linguistic offspring have survived across millennia, evolving into a multitude of other languages that are alive and well in our time. Some of these many languages are English, Urdu, Russian, Farsi, Bengali, Spanish, Norwegian, and Irish. Proto is also the mother tongue of other languages that have since become extinct, such as Latin, Sanskrit, and Ancient Greek.With admirable mental dexterity, Laura weaves the complex, multilayered facets of the Proto story. She helps us tackle the core mystery of it all: who were the ancient peoples who spoke Proto that was never written down and hasn't been uttered in more than 4,000 years, and how is it that their Pontic Steppe culture ended up being the progenitor to a set of languages that are now spoken around the planet?Armed with the most up-to-date insights from linguistics, archaeology, and genetics, Laura shows us how these disciplines have converged over the last two decades to provide an increasingly clearer, but still evolving portrait. By unearthing DNA, tracing word roots, and studying cultural remnants, science has modeled aspects of this prehistoric period and the Yamnaya peoples, providing a deeper glimpse into the linguistic origins of nearly half of the planet.This episode concludes by considering the contemporary lessons Proto's themes offer. Migrations, evolving linguistic and genetic demographics, and the nativist and nationalistic reactions to change are familiar motifs. Citing the shifting language demographics in the United States, Spinney reminds us that migration and linguistic change are constant throughout human history rather than aberrations, arguing that only languages and cultures that adapt endure.This big-picture conversation in our Social Cohesion season invites us to consider the large tides of human history in our quest for cohesion. Spinney's Proto story shows us how intermixed the current state of affairs already is, asking us to widen our view and our hearts to see beyond apparent differences. The truth is there are vast scales of cultural and linguistic patterns moving through and around us. Proto asks us to open up, let go, and trust the wild and unrelenting change that has defined the human saga across thousands of years and will continue to do so in the coming centuries.

learn words and phrases for US Veterans Day

We usually translate gum as "lost". But that's only half the story.In Urdu, gum isn't always about something disappearing. Sometimes it's a misplaced key. Sometimes it's your peace of mind. Sometimes it's simply getting so lost in your thoughts that the rest of the world fades into the background.This episode marks the beginning of a special Urdunama mini-series exploring a family of Urdu words that begin with gum. Over the next few episodes, we'll see how this one simple prefix gives rise to very different meanings, proving that a single word can open the door to entirely different human experiences. Tune in. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When algorithms give you everything to look at but nothing to feel, and AI can write your thoughts before you can, how do you discover who you are? Today's youth face unprecedented challenges, navigating a loneliness epidemic in a hyper-connected world. We are fighting to learn how to learn and think for ourselves, racing to outpace technological dependency before we forget how to think at all.If you're a young person or know a young person facing such challenges, listen now to this interview with Lawrence Harris, Youth Empowerment Speaker, to learn how you can #liveyourbestlife and achieve true success now by improving your #mentalhealth and #buildingresilience.Lawrence will motivate you to stop living on autopilot with his practical insights into #emotionalhealing, #mindsettransformation, #selfawareness, and creating #lastingchange from the #insideout. Click the link below to get a FREE BOOK of inspirational quotes that Lawrence has compiled:https://speakerhub.com/cta/ZlPbIqConnect with Lawrence at:https://www.lawrencecharris.com/https://www.instagram.com/lawrencec.empowershttps://www.linkedin.com/in/lawrence-harris-8b0177324/https://www.tiktok.com/@lawrencecempowershttps://www.youtube.com/@lawrencecempowers#PersonalGrowth #MindsetShift #PurposeDrivenLife #HealingJourney #InnerHealing #SelfDiscovery #MentalWellbeing #EmotionalIntelligence #MindsetMatters #Transformation #AuthenticLiving #Resilience #ConsciousLiving #PersonalDevelopment #SpiritualGrowth #SelfLeadership #LifePurpose #PositiveMindset #InnerPeace #Empowerment #HealingTransformation #achiveyourdreams #achiveyourgoals _____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://my.timetrade.com/book/JX9XJ

Do you keep repeating the same #emotionalpatterns, relationships, or struggles?Tune in to this episode now to learn the most powerful steps to lasting #transformation, #lastingchange, grounded in Magnetic Soul Healing. Jesseca Banchy reveals the deeper realities of #emotionalhealing, learning to sit with #difficultemotions, and creating #sustainablechange instead of temporary relief. Jesseca offers the practical steps to create a #healthyrelationship with yourself and others.Note: Many people spend years trying to "fix" themselves, believing they're broken. Jesseca explains why true healing isn't about becoming someone new—it's about rediscovering the #authentic person you've always been beneath fear, trauma, and conditioning. Jesseca Banchy is the Founder of Magnetic Soul Healing. Learn more and connect with Jesseca now at:https://magneticsoulhealing.org/#soulhealing #SpiritualAwakening #HealingJourney #SelfHealing #PersonalGrowth #MindsetShift #ConsciousLiving #InnerHealing #EmotionalHealing #TraumaHealing #SelfDiscovery #SpiritualGrowth #AuthenticLiving #EmpowerYourself #MentalWellness #EnergyHealing #MindBodySpirit #HealingTransformation #PurposeDrivenLife #SelfWorth #Resilience #WomenEmpowerment #ConsciousPodcast #PersonalDevelopment _____________________________________ABOUT SAMIA:Samia Bano is the #HappinessExpert, author, speaker, podcaster & coach for coaches and healers. Samia is most known for her book, 'Make Change Fun and Easy' and her #podcast of the same name. With the help of her signature Follow Your Heart Process™, a unique combination of #PositivePsychology and the #spiritual wisdom of our most effective #ChangeMakers, Samia helps you overcome #LimitingBeliefs, your chains of fear, to develop a #PositiveMindset and create the impact and income you desire with fun and ease…Samia's advanced signature programs include the Happiness 101 Class and the Transformative Action Training.Samia is also a Certified #ReikiHealer and Crisis Counselor working to promote #MentalHealthAwareness.  Samia models #HeartCenteredLeadership and business that is both #SociallyResponsible and #EnvironmentallyFriendly.Samia is a practicing #Muslim with an inter-spiritual approach. As someone who has a love and appreciation for diversity, she is a #BridgeBuilder between people of different faiths and cultures. Although Samia currently lives in California, USA, she has lived in 3 other countries and speaks Hindi, Urdu, and English fluently.  Want to learn even more about Samia? Visit www.academyofthriving.com :)To Book your Free HAPPINESS 101 EXPLORATION CALL with Samia, click: https://my.timetrade.com/book/JX9XJ