POPULARITY
100 episodes with Olivieri
50 episodes with Olivieri
25 episodes with Olivieri
7 episodes with Olivieri
5 episodes with Olivieri
5 episodes with Olivieri
7 episodes with Olivieri
4 episodes with Olivieri
8 episodes with Olivieri
5 episodes with Olivieri
13 episodes with Olivieri
7 episodes with Olivieri
2 episodes with Olivieri
2 episodes with Olivieri
3 episodes with Olivieri
3 episodes with Olivieri
2 episodes with Olivieri
2 episodes with Olivieri
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino e Giovanni Augimeri Ospiti: Giuseppe Di Mauro (JOFC Aquile Bianconere), Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino e Giovanni Augimeri Ospiti: Stefano Tacconi, Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino e Giovanni Augimeri Ospiti: Andrea Novelli (scrittore), Alessandro Grimaudo, Piero Trupia, Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino e Giovanni Augimeri Ospiti: Andrea Novelli (scrittore), Alessandro Grimaudo, Piero Trupia, Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino e Giovanni Augimeri Ospiti: Andrea Novelli (scrittore), Alessandro Grimaudo, Piero Trupia, Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Sabrina Orlandi (èTv Bologna), Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero)" ospite a Cose di Calcio
"Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero)" ospite a Cose di Calcio
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Sabrina Orlandi (èTv Bologna), Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero)" ospite a Cose di Calcio
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Sabrina Orlandi (èTv Bologna), Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Paolo Rossi. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo) Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette Bianconero)
"Cose di Calcio" con Paolo Rossi. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo) Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette Bianconero)
"Cose di Calcio" con Paolo Rossi. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo) Maurizio Olivieri (Ricette Bianconero)
"Part of restoring nature - a really important part - is making sure that everyone has equal access to it."The National Trust is now arguably one of Britain's most ambitious and important nature charities. It now has plans for restoring nature on an area larger than Greater London.In this episode Ben Goldsmith is joined by the Chair of the National Trust, Rene Olivieri, who has been huge voice for nature in the organisation. Ben Goldsmith is a British financier and rewilding enthusiast. Join him as he speaks to people from all over the world who champion nature and are helping to restore habitats and wildlife to some of the most nature depleted parts of our planet.This podcast is produced by The Podcast Coach.Text Rewilding the World here. Let us know what you think of the podcast and if there are any rewilding projects you would love Ben to feature in future episodes. The Conservation Collective support locally-led environmental Foundations around the world. Together we'll protect and restore the wild places we know and love.
"Maurizio Olivieri." ospite a Cose di Calcio.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu, Benny Nicolini, Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Roberto Coda (Commercialista), Malu Mpasinkatu (Direttore Sportivo), Luca Calamai (Direttore Genarale TMV), Maurizio Olivieri
WBO President Gustavo Olivieri joins Brunch Boxing to discuss becoming President of the WBO, what plans the organization has for the future, and the current state of WBO boxing across the divisions. Read the latest news at Brunch BoxingThoughts or questions? Email us at brunchboxingqa@gmail.comHosts: Matt, and EzRawSpecial Guest: Gustavo OlivieriSocial: MikeProducer: Huey
Antenados #257 - Danilo Gobatto conversa com a atriz Maitê Proença, que está em cartaz em São Paulo, no Teatro Faap, com a comédia “Duas Irmãs e Um Casamento”, ao lado de Débora Olivieri! Tem também um bate papo com o ator Leandro Hassum e a diretora Ale McHaddo sobre o lançamento do filme “Uma Advogada Brilhante”, uma comediona pra toda família já nos cinemas de todo o Brasil! Apresentação, produção e edição: Danilo Gobatto. Sonorização: Cayami Martins
En este programa repasamos lo mejor del motorsport con una agenda cargada de acción: NASCAR Cup Series en COTA, el primer circuito rutero del año, con todo el análisis de la carrera. ️ Entrevista con Coronas de Laurel (Alberto) como previa a Overtime, donde presentamos la nueva temporada de SuperFormula Japonesa, que arranca este fin de semana en Suzuka. Fin de semana de gloria para España en el motorsport: Álex Palou gana en St. Pete en el arranque de IndyCar. Miguel Molina triunfa en Hypercar con Ferrari en el WEC en Qatar. Dani Juncadella se lleva la victoria en LMGT3 con Corvette. Marc y Álex Márquez firman un doblete en MotoGP Tailandia, con Marc volviendo a liderar el campeonato tras 93 eventos. Giltaire y Olivieri, campeones en F4 y FR Medio Oriente. Mención a la Fórmula Winter Series en Aragón. Overtime: Mario nos cuenta cómo NASCAR afrontó el desafío logístico del COVID-19 en 2020 y las historias ocultas que dejó aquella temporada. Un programa cargado de emoción, ¡dale al play y disfruta! En directo todos los miércoles a las 22:00 en nuestro canal de Twitch y YouTube. Síguenos en redes: Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/bumpandfun YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@BumpAndFun Todos los podcast: https://www.podcastmotor.es Twitter: @AutoFmRadio Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/autofmradio/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@AutoFM Contacto: info@autofm.es
"Cose di Calcio " con Paolo Rossi. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Maurizio Bolognesi (Radio Bruno Toscano), Maurizio Olivieri (ricette in bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Paolo Rossi. Ospiti: Camillo Demichelis, Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Chef Maurizio Olivieri (ricette in bianconero)
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Francesco D'amiello (Modena City Ramblers), Chef Maurizio Olivieri (ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Francesco D'amiello (Modena City Ramblers), Chef Maurizio Olivieri (ricette in Bianconero).
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu (Dir. Sportivo), Francesco D'amiello (Modena City Ramblers), Chef Maurizio Olivieri (ricette in Bianconero).
This week's guest is WBO President Gustavo Olivieri, Esq. Topics we discuss:-First 90 days as President-Revamping the Annual WBO conference-Update on Sam Goodman's mandatory position-Judge evaluation with scoring and what it could mean for those bad scorecards- Using the sanctioning fees to benefit the fighters payingand so much more.Don't forget to like, subscribe and comment on the YT page.Looking to bet on the fights this upcoming weekend?Head over to my dedicated page at signupexpert.com/fightsATW to sign up to some of boxing's best sportsbooks.
Comment on the Show by Sending Mark a Text Message.This episode is part of my initiative to provide access to important court decisions impacting employees in an easy to understand conversational format using AI. The speakers in the episode are AI generated and frankly sound great to listen to. Enjoy! What if a groundbreaking law could redefine how we handle sexual harassment claims in the workplace? Join us as we unravel the gripping case of Olivieri v. Stiefel, a corporate drama wrapped in legal intrigue and power struggles. Patricia Olivieri, a former client services associate, is not just fighting against alleged sexual harassment but is also challenging the constraints of her prior arbitration agreement, thanks to the new Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act (EFAA). Discover how this pivotal legislation might enable her to bypass arbitration and take her allegations of misconduct and retaliation straight to court, setting a legal precedent that could impact corporate accountability across the nation.In this episode, we dive deep into the allegations against Olivieri's manager, Neil Eiler, whose inappropriate behavior pushed Olivieri to her limits. From graphic discussions to unwanted physical contact, her journey through reporting and retaliation reveals a complex narrative of workplace harassment. As Stiefel's internal investigation unfolds, led by HR's Zach Anderson, we explore the nuances of legal accrual and the implications of the EFAA on Olivieri's case, especially after her return from maternity leave. This episode promises to shed light on how these developments could transform workplace harassment litigation, exposing the tensions and tactics within corporate walls.Click here to read the case decision Olivieri v. Stifel, Nicolaus & Co. 112 F.4th 74 (2d Cir. 2024)The Second Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed a lower court's decision in Olivieri v. Stifel, rejecting the defendants' motion to compel arbitration. The case centers on whether the Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act (EFAA) applies to the plaintiff's claims of retaliatory hostile work environment. The court determined that the plaintiff's claims, which accrued after the EFAA's enactment due to the continuing violation doctrine, fall under the EFAA's purview, thus rendering the arbitration agreement unenforceable. The court addressed and rejected arguments concerning the EFAA's retroactive application and the definition of "sexual harassment dispute." The ruling confirms the plaintiff's right to pursue her case in federal court. If you enjoyed this episode of the Employee Survival Guide please like us on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn. We would really appreciate if you could leave a review of this podcast on your favorite podcast player such as Apple Podcasts. Leaving a review will inform other listeners you found the content on this podcast is important in the area of employment law in the United States. For more information, please contact our employment attorneys at Carey & Associates, P.C. at 203-255-4150, www.capclaw.com.Disclaimer: For educational use only, not intended to be legal advice.
When COVID changed the world, actress Dawn Olivieri (Yellowstone) embarked on a life-altering journey. Leaving Hollywood behind, she moved to the rugged landscapes of Arkansas, where she felt called to start something truly transformative: Moon Mountain Sanctuary. What began as a leap into the unknown soon became a powerful mission to rescue horses from kill pens, creating a haven where they could live in peace and safety. Dawn didn't ease her way into animal rescue—she threw herself in, heart and soul, saving an entire herd from the start. Her story is a testament to resilience, passion, and the belief that when you follow your intuition, it often leads you exactly where you're meant to be. Through heartache, grit, and unwavering dedication, Dawn has reimagined what's possible for horse rescue, offering new hope in an industry where every saved life matters. This episode is a must-listen for anyone who believes in second chances, purpose-driven work, and the healing power of animals. I can't wait for you to hear her remarkable story. www.furrealpodcast.com www.moonmountainsanctuaryandandrescue.com fb The Fur Real Podcast fb Moon Mountain Sanctuary and Rescue fb Markakyle fb Dawn Olivieri ig @thefurrealpodcast ig @moon_mountain_sanctuary ig @markakyle ig @dawnolivieri tiktok @thefurrealpodcast tiktok @moonmountainsanctuaryandrescue Speical thanks to J Jig Cicero @jjigcicero for our music intro and outro..you rock!!! Special thanks to Jake Olson jfolson.music@gmail.com for awesome sound editing and to our supporters: www.prepvet.com Stem cells for pets
Send us a textBreve reseña de la 226ava. Reunión de Asamblea General PC(USA)Co Moderadora Vilmarie Cintrón OlivieriConfronting Christian Zionism webinars.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kQcQBuKwWhEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqnTnEj162w 226th General Assembly in Briefhttps://www.pcusa.org/site_media/media/uploads/oga/pdf/ga226_inbrief_lettersized.pdfFor Listening Guides, click here!Got a question for us? Send them to faithpodcast@pcusa.org! A Matter of Faith website
Listen to coverage of GifterX Talks in Miami, Florida. In this episode, Adam Torres interviews Jorge Olivieri, Serial Entrepreneur and Host of Meat & Cigars Podcast, explore podcasting and being an entrepreneur. Follow Adam on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/ Visit our website: https://missionmatters.com/ More FREE content from Mission Matters here: https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia
Welcome to Orange Talk, a player segment of the Bayou City Soccer Podcast! We got to chat with Houston Dash midfielder, Barbara Olivieri as she has recently extended her stay in Houston and learn more about the current state of the club.-And much more!-We invite you to follow us at Bayou City Soccer!-BayouCitySoccer.net-@BayouCitySoccer on Facebook, IG, and Twitter-Hit us up using our hashtag #AskBCS-Hosts: Dustyn Richardson-Guest: Barbara Olivieri@barb.olivieri on IG-Again, BayouCitySoccer.net for everything.
Today With John DeLuca and Agata Olivieri: In this episode of the Bound by Business series, host Jessica Harling chats with Agata Olivieri and John DeLuca of Maple Drapery and Carpet. With over 50 years of family business history, they share how they transformed their parents' 1972 startup into a successful window treatment empire in Concord, Canada. Agata and John discuss defining their roles, achieving work-life balance, and managing family dynamics in business. They offer insights on building a diverse team, leadership transitions, and maintaining family values in a professional environment. This conversation is filled with valuable lessons for family businesses and entrepreneurs in the window treatment industry and beyond. More About John DeLuca and Agata Olivieri Maple Drapery & Carpet is a family-owned business specializing in high-quality, custom window treatments and flooring solutions. With a commitment to craftsmanship and personalized service, they offer a wide range of drapery, blinds, and carpets tailored to each client's unique style and needs. Their experienced team works closely with customers from consultation to installation, ensuring a seamless experience that transforms living spaces with elegance and functionality. Maple Drapery & Carpet prides itself on blending artistic design with meticulous attention to detail. John Di Luca is the dedicated owner and head of sales at Maple Drapery & Carpet. With a background in electronic engineering, John chose to join the family business, where his passion for design and commitment to quality have flourished. His attention to detail and ability to foresee issues with challenging windows are key assets that drive the company's success. John's technical expertise, combined with his hands-on approach, ensures that the production of every project is executed with precision. Agata Olivieri is the business management lead and designer sales expert at Maple Drapery & Carpet. With a dual background in business and design, Agata brings a unique blend of strategic insight and creative flair to the company. Her ability to manage operations efficiently while building strong relationships with designers has been instrumental in the business's growth. Agata loves to sketch out design treatments for clients, helping them visualize the final results and ensuring that every project reflects their personal style and needs. Connect with John DeLuca and Agata Olivieri Website Facebook Instagram More About Jessica Harling With unwavering conviction, Jessica Harling can break down complex decisions to simplify an action plan. Her dynamic problem-solving can confront potential obstacles proactively and energize any team, making others feel valued to achieve their ambitious company goals. She is the founder of Behind the Design, a People Operations company that enthusiastically collaborates with leadership to build dream teams! From recruiting to training and process development, their intuition for creating strong emotional connections discovers and nurtures rockstar talent with established streamlined processes that impact the company's bottom line. Connect with Jessica Harling Website Instagram Facebook What's new with LuAnn Nigara The Power Talk Friday Tour Watch the Docuseries! http://www.luannnigara.com/cob Connect with LuAnn Nigara LuAnn's Website LuAnn's Blog Power Talk Friday Like Us: Facebook | Tweet Us: Twitter | Follow Us: Instagram | Listen Here: Podcast Other Resources Mentioned Exciting Windows! CEO Conference Sun Shading Expo 2024 (You can redeem our VIP code SSENA24LUANN when registering to get a FREE Show Floor registration) Other Shows Mentioned WTFP #282: Bound By Business: Like Mother, Like Son. Debbie Hall and Trent Hall WTFP #280: Bound By Business: Sisters in Business. Lindsay and Heather Madonia
1 - Los Piconeros - Adelita Trujillo con Rafael de Paz – 19382 - Bonita Guadalajara - Jorge Negrete con El Mariachi Vargas de Tecalition - 19423 - Fly Too High, Fall Too Deep - Marguerite Viby og Frederik Jensen med Kai Julian og hans Orkester – 19324 - Since Mother Goes to Movie Shows - Billy Murray – 19165 - At the Ten-Cent Movie Show - Walter Van Brunt – 19136 - Sodade, Meu Bem, Sodade - Vanja Orico - 19537 - I Wanna Be a Cowboy in the Movies - Beatrice Kay with Mitchell Ayres and his Orchestra – 19478 - Onkel Fichte mit der Nichte - Helene Ballot – 19079 - The Last Jasmine - Tonis Maroudas – 195110 - In Waikiki - Frances Langford with Dick McIntire and his Harmony Hawaiians – 194411 - If War Breaks Out Tomorrow - U. S. S. R. Red-Banner Ensemble - 193912 - Ringo No Uta (The Song of the Apple) - Noboru Kirishima and Michiko Namiki – 194513 - Pepitas de Oro - Xavier Cugat y su Orquesta – 194914 - La Strada Del Bosco - Carlo Buti con Orchestra D. Olivieri - 194615 - C'est Merveilleux - Edith Piaf – 1949
En este nuevo episode de Hablamos Spanglish, Ana Carolina conversa con Pablo Rendic Olivieri sobre cómo navegar en las carreras profesionales, construir businesses exitosos y la poderosa influencia de las conexiones culturales y artísticas.Algunas reflexiones clave en este episodio incluyen superar desafíos profesionales y luchas personales, y encontrar verdadera satisfacción y alegría en tu trabajo.Además de estas reflexiones, Pablo comparte su inspiring historia de reconectar con una persona importante de su pasado, lo que le brindó lecciones valiosas sobre la importancia de las relaciones humanas y la resiliencia.Este episodio está full de consejos prácticos y reflexiones que te motivarán a seguir adelante en tu propio viaje.Para no perderte de charlas inspiradoras como esta, suscríbete, compártelo y dale like. ¡Te esperamos!FOLLOW OUR SOCIALS Website: https://hablamosspanglish.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hablamosspanglish/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hablamosspanglish LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/hablamos-spanglish/ Pablo RendiWebsite: https://idx.marketing/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/pablorendicolivieriInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/pabloro_idx/
Laura Olivieri, MD, director of Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging at UPMC Children's Hospital Pittsburgh, discusses how the field of cardiac imaging has changed, utilizing less invasive techniques that improve patient care, and what's to come as the field continues to evolve.
Enlaces Regionales para el Caribe con Misión Mundial Presbiteriana.For Listening Guides, click here!Got a question for us? Send them to faithpodcast@pcusa.org! A Matter of Faith website
durée : 00:58:36 - "Tornerai" (J'attendrai) (Dino Olivieri / Nino Rastelli) (1936) - par : Laurent Valero - "La mélodie est inspirée par le chœur à bouche fermée, acte II, de l'opéra Madame Butterfly de Puccini. Son titre original italien "Tornerai" signifie "Tu reviendras" est l'attente du retour de l'être aimé. La première version, en 1937, connaîtra un grand succès international !" Laurent Valero
ÉXITO PROFESIONAL y DEPORTE. EXISTE RELACIÓN?
En 1841, los habitantes del Barrio Coamo Abajo, hartos de tener que cruzar 5 cinco ríos, en necesidad de justicia y la palabra de Dios, comienzan los preparativos para fundar el nuevo municipio al que hoy conocemos como Santa Isabel. Acompáñame hoy en Historia Con Calle para que conozcas algo acerca de la tierra de campeones. Fuentes de información para este episodio: Cognomentos y gentilicios de los pueblos de Puerto Rico studylib.es Díaz, Algarín, Edgardo; Implicaciones de la Transformación Social, Económica y Educativa, ante la desaparición de la industria cañera en Santa Isabel: Taso, Cuarenta Años Después; Tesis Colección Puertorriqueña 2002 Santa Isabel Sugar Company; Memoria sobre las operaciones de la Santa Isabel Sugar Company 1909-1910; Colección Libros Raros Hemeroteca Puertorriqueña UPR López, Maldonado, Cesiach; Santa Isabel: Cuna del mítico Camarero y gracias a él, Tierra de Campeones; Primera Hora 21 de abril de 2022 Santa Isabel: Cuna del mítico Camarero y gracias a él, Tierra de Campeones - Primera Hora Berríos, Alfredo R.; Carlos Colón, leyenda del Caribe; ESPN Deportes artículo 2012 Carlos Colón, leyenda del Caribe - ESPN Molina, Olivieri, Julio; Santa Isabel: Notas para su historia; San Juan 1986 Colección Puertorriqueña Zayas, Betsy Ann; Los municipios de Puerto Rico, su historia y su cultura: Santa Isabel; 1991 Colección Puertorriqueña Grabado en GW5 Studio como parte del GW5 Network Para auspicios llamar al 787-221-9530 o comunícate por email a info@gwcinco.com
Summary:30 years ago, Death of a Salesman and The Crucible seemed to be two of the few plays from American literature that had made it to the top of every highschool's “must read” list.In an era of an ever-widening wealth gap and a pervasive, savage bigotry fueled by ignorance and Trump—Miller's two seminal works may be more relevant than ever. Yet, how many students in the Class of 2024 recognize his work, much less his name?In episode #138 of The Author's Corner, Robin is joined by master carpenter Marc Olivieri, who is doing his part to ensure that we remember the life and legacy of Arthur Miller. In this episode, Marc shares fascinating stories about Arthur Miller, whom Marc knew personally for many years before Miller's death in 2005. He tells us about the Arthur Miller Writing Studio preservation project and why it is so important that we preserve the landmark, and others like it. And he shares how you, listener, can help support their endeavor! Key takeaways:The exciting story of how Marc met Aruthur MillerMarc's journey in preserving the Arthur Miller Writing StudioThe importance of preserving historical monumentsThe influence of artists in our societyThe relevance of Arthur Miller's workHow to engage the community to support preservation projectsFascinating peeks into Arthur Miller's lifeAnd more!Resources mentioned in this episode:The event held at the Arthur Miller Writing Studio: Guilty Until Proven Innocent: False Confession and Wrongful ConvictionThe Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectLink to donate to the Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectUT Austin archives of Arthur MillerSome of Arthur Miller's most notable works: The CrucibleDeath of a SalesmanAbout Marc Olivieri:Marc Olivieri is a master carpenter, mason, builder, construction manager, and has been responsible for major historic, residential, archeological, and industrial restoration projects in Germany, Italy, and the United States. A long time Roxbury resident and member of the board of directors at the Roxbury Land Trust, he is construction manager in Connecticut for the Calder Foundation. Marc's relationship with the Arthur Miller Writing Studio dates from 1981. Spread the word:LinkedInTwitterInstagramFacebook
Summary:30 years ago, Death of a Salesman and The Crucible seemed to be two of the few plays from American literature that had made it to the top of every highschool's “must read” list.In an era of an ever-widening wealth gap and a pervasive, savage bigotry fueled by ignorance and Trump—Miller's two seminole works may be more relevant than ever. Yet, how many students in the Class of 2024 recognize his work, much less his name?In episode #138 of The Author's Corner, Robin is joined by master carpenter Marc Olivieri, who is doing his part to ensure that we remember the life and legacy of Arthur Miller. In this episode, Marc shares fascinating stories about Arthur Miller, whom Marc knew personally for many years before Miller's death in 2005. He tells us about the Arthur Miller Writing Studio preservation project and why it is so important that we preserve the landmark, and others like it. And he shares how you, listener, can help support their endeavor! Key takeaways:The exciting story of how Marc met Aruthur MillerMarc's journey in preserving the Arthur Miller Writing StudioThe importance of preserving historical monumentsThe influence of artists in our societyThe relevance of Arthur Miller's workHow to engage the community to support preservation projectsFascinating peeks into Arthur Miller's lifeAnd more!Resources mentioned in this episode:The event held at the Arthur Miller Writing Studio: Guilty Until Proven Innocent: False Confession and Wrongful ConvictionThe Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectLink to donate to the Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectUT Austin archives of Arthur MillerSome of Arthur Miller's most notable works: The CrucibleDeath of a SalesmanAbout Marc Olivieri:Marc Olivieri is a master carpenter, mason, builder, construction manager, and has been responsible for major historic, residential, archeological, and industrial restoration projects in Germany, Italy, and the United States. A long time Roxbury resident and member of the board of directors at the Roxbury Land Trust, he is construction manager in Connecticut for the Calder Foundation. Marc's relationship with the Arthur Miller Writing Studio dates from 1981. Spread the word:LinkedInTwitterInstagramFacebook
Gustavo Olivieri is an attorney and the in-house legal counsel for the World Boxing Organization (WBO), an organization which sanctions professional boxing bouts. It is recognized by the International Boxing Hall of Fame as one of the four major world championship groups, alongside the World Boxing Association (WBA), World Boxing Council (WBC), and International Boxing Federation (IBF). Follow Gustavo on Twitter @OlivieriLaw. Gustavo talks his career, background, becoming interested in law, the WBO day-today operations, rankings, WBO's new Drug testing directive, Top Rank Relationship, Golden Boy, Matchroom, PBC, Meeting Miguel Cotto for the first time, Working for Free in internship at WBO, Other Sanctioning Bodies, Canelo Alvarez's 2016 situation with the WBC and dealing with High Profile Fighters, the business of boxing, and much more. Show Links: https://linktr.ee/TheLastRound
The Mighty Manfred's guest this week is Wayne Olivieri of The New Bardots. “Christmas Must Be Tonight ” is our Coolest Song in the World this week! Join the Mighty Manfred and Wayne Olivieri for this week's Coolest Conversation, presented by Hard Rock
Laura Olivieri, MD, director of Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging at UPMC Children's Hospital Pittsburgh, discusses how the field of cardiac imaging has changed, utilizing less invasive techniques that improve patient care, and what's to come as the field continues to evolve.
Last time we spoke about the battle of Beijing. General Gaselee and the 8 nation alliance began a grand march upon Beijing. They fought numerous battles at places like Beicang and Yangcun utterly routing the Qing and Boxer forces. The road to Beijing was laid bare open to them, lest it not be for the extreme summer heat which took the lives of many. The Russians attempted to outrace everyone else to Beijing, but quickly bit off more than they could chew. Ultimately the British were the first ones to enter the foreign legations. The besieged foreigners in the legations had been met with a last ditch effort by the Qing to overrun them, but they held on for dear life. Now Beijing was being occupied by the 8 nation alliance. What was to become of the Qing officials, of Empress Dowager Cixi? How would justice be served? #67 The Boxer Rebellion part 7: The Boxer Protocol Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Usually you would assume the story was won and done. The 8 national alliance was flooding into Beijing, as they say “the cavalry had arrived”, but it was not over. The next day of August 15th saw more violence. The French deployed 4 artillery pieces onto the Tartar wall and began bombarding the pink walls of the Imperial City. Meanwhile General Chaffee was mounting an assault upon the Imperial city alongside the American forces who were battering their way through a series of courtyards trying to get to the Imperial Cities southern gate. Their ultimate objective was the Forbidden City. When it seemed they were within reach of the Forbidden City, suddenly General Chaffee commanded a withdrawal. The commanders had been arguing at a conference and they all agreed that the 8 nation alliance should take a more conciliatory approach towards the Qing government. Everyone was wondering whether the Emperor and Empress Dowager remained within the Forbidden city. If there was to be a conciliation at all, they would be needed. Rumors began to emerge stating if the Empress Dowager were still in the city, she would most likely commit suicide rather than be taken prisoner. Lenox Simpson was trying to investigate the situation, riding up to the Imperial City where he discovered a terrified Eunuch huddled in a Qing guardhouse in the outer wall. He asked the eunuch how many forces guarded the Forbidden city and the whereabouts of the Emperor and Empress Dowager. The Eunuch blurted out “The Emperor, the Empress Dowager, and indeed, the whole Court, had disappeared—had fled, was gone.” There are countless tales of how it occurred, the dramatic flight of the Qing court. It is most likely the decision to flee Beijing came about in the early hours of August 15th. One account given by magistrate Wu Yung claimed he helped the Empress Dowager flee. Cixi was disguised in dark blue clothes of a Chinese peasant woman, they even clipped her nails, go google a picture of Cixi, imagine clipping those things haha. Allegedly Cixi told Wu Yung as she was hastily grabbing some personal belongs “Who would have thought it would come to this?” Of the things she hastily grabbed, one was a precious bloodstone that she believed protect her through all dangers. She boarded one of three wooden carts, and Cixi forcefully grabbed the emperor not allowing him to be taken as a hostage, alongside her niece and the heir apparent. The Imperial concubines were forbidden to accompany them and made tearful farewell. It is said Emperor Guangxu's favorite concubine begged to take her with him, prompting Cixi who hated the girl to demand she be tossed down a well. Apparently the Eunuchs rolled the poor girl up in a carpet and literally tossed her down a well in front of Emperor Guangxu, which is hardcore? Another account has it that Cixi tricked the girl by telling her “We will all stay where we are, but we cannot allow ourselves to be taken alive by Western barbarians. There is only one way out for you and me—we must both die. It is easy. You go first—I promise to follow you.” Then the Eunuch tossed her in the well, one other account has the Eunuchs simply tossing the girl down the well after the imperial party departed because they didn't like her. Can't help but picture Varies from GOT leading eunuchs to get revenge on a royal family haha. Empress Dowager Cixi had fled the Imperial city once before, in fact 40 years prior during the 2nd opium war. Was a symbolic moment. Back then she had apparently told the Emperor to stay in the city lest the British and French raze Beijing to the ground, this time she did the opposite. On August 10th, Cixi had made an imperial decree ordering General Jung Lu and some other Qing officials to remain in Beijing and maintain the government in exile. The royal party fled through roads filled with others fleeing the city. Their eunuch planners assumed they would buy provisions along the way, but when they entered the countryside they found it completely devastated. On August 17th the royal party made it to the small town of Huailai, north of Beijing. The Boxers and disaffected troops had devastated the town so much, there was only a bowl of millet and green bean porridge to serve the Empress Dowager. Apparently to this she said to her host “In time of distress this is enough. Can I at this time say what is good and what is not good?” From Huailai they traveled to Kalgan and Tatung, near the Mongolian plateau, before they turned towards Taiyuan. Now being so far from Beijing they felt safer and thus instead of conducting themselves under the guise as peasants they now openly showed themselves and told people they were performing an official tour of inspection. It is said by Wu Yung the empress dowager enjoyed talking to him and told him “talk as you please”, and she herself took a large interest in talking to locals and visiting temples and attractions. Wu Yung theorized she had been cooped up for so long in the imperial city, the outside world fascinated her. The mule litters were replaced with sedan chairs, Cixi began wearing luxurious Manchu garb and regrew her fingernails. Soon the royal party were issuing edicts and receiving reports on the situation of the court in Beijing. Countless governors, viceroys and other Qing officials flocked to pay respects and tribute to the royal party. They stayed in Taiyuan for 3 weeks at the home of Yuxiang where he boasted to Cixi of how many foreigners he executed. However the Taiyuan massacre meant the foreigners might come to the city for revenge, so the royal party continued southwest towards Sian, the old capital of the Tang dynasty. This was territory held by General Dong Fuxiang whose troops were the primary ones escorting the royal party. It was under Dong Fuxiang's protection the royal party now hunkered down for winter. It is said Guangxu's nephew began drawing pictures of demons and would often sketch a large tortoise with the name Yuan Shikai on its back. You see the tortoise was a symbol of homosexuality, thus it was to insult Yuan Shikai who was seen as an enemy who betrayed Guangxu. It is also said Guangxu took the pictures, hung them up on walls and fired crossbows at them. Personally this story to me sounds like an author giving a bit of foreshadowing flavor, for Yuan Shikai would perform even greater betrayals later on. Indeed Yuan Shikai is kind of a meme on my personal channel, over there I have to the point of me writing this script, covered 1830-1932 thus far for Chinese-Japanese history. Yuan Shikai is a behemoth when it comes to the formation of modern day China and honestly his story is interesting to say the least. If you ever want to jump into the future, just check out my content at the Pacific War channel on the Xinhai revolution and China's warlord era episodes, or better yet the full China warlord documentary that encompasses pretty much all of it. Anyways. Back over in Beijing, news of the flight of the Qing court was not met with surprise by the foreigners. Now the foreigners were uncertain what to do next. For some it was a bit reminiscent of Napoleon's arrival to a deserted Moscow, without the highest ranking Qing officials, what could they do? Meanwhile, one place that was still under threat was Peitang. Over at the Peitang Cathedral the foreigners had been fighting for their lives the entire time. When news emerged that the foreign legations had been rescued, everyone in the Cathedral at Peitang rejoiced awaiting their own rescue. The Cathedral was the only Christian building within the Imperial city that was able to hold on and defend itself. It was a miracle they managed to do so. The commander of 30 French marines sent by Pichon on June 1st to help out at Peitang was Lt Paul Henry. At the age of just 23, Bishop Favier had to say of his conduct “he was as pious as he is brave— a true Breton.” Henry had been given an impossible task, to defend an area with around 1400 yards of wall 12-15 feet high with a tiny amount of troops. Henry had the men dig trenches, erect parapets, and used the Cathedral as a last stronghold if they were overrun. The first week of June saw fires erupt throughout the capital and gunfire could be heard everywhere. Bishop Favier looked out from the top of the cathedral to see on the 13th and 14th churches and cathedrals in Beijing being razed to the ground. Refugees poured into Peitang Cathedral more and more, and on the 15th a group of Catholic sisters and children were running from Boxers to the cathedral with Favier giving this account of the scene “Their leader, on horse, is a lama or bonze [priest]; he precedes an immense red flag, surrounded by young Boxers who have undergone the incantations and are likewise dressed in red. They burned perfumed sticks, prostrated themselves on entering our street to the south, and then advanced in compact bands”. The French marines allowed them to reach 200 yards from the barricades before unleashing a volley wounded 50 and sending them fleeing. By June 18th, Henry worried about enemy artillery and tried to fortify the defenses more so. On the 20th, news of von Kettelers death came, Pichon sent a message to Favier, there was no hope of fleeing Beijing. 3420 people, two thirds of which were women and children were trapped in Peitang. Their defenses were comically small, 30 French and a dozen Italian marines, whose commander was Lt Olivieri aged 25. The able bodied Chinese christians volunteered to bolster the forces, making spears, brandishing some knives and a few were given rifles by the marines. June 22nd saw Krupp guns firing upon Peitang shattering windows and sending bricks flying. The main gate to Peitang was being battered by shells. Lt Henry led a sortie of 4 marines and 30 Chinese christians to seize the artillery piece hitting the main gate. They managed to seize it, losing 2 Chinese in the process. The next day simply saw more artillery bombardment. By the 26th, all the buildings near Peitang were ablaze and Boxers were seen erecting ladders and scaffoldings against the walls. The defenders were being pot shotted at every day. On the 27th Henrys second in command Jouannic was shot in the shoulder and would die 3 days later. By July 1st the defenders of Peitang began to eat mule and horse as they ran out of vegetables. Smallpox broke out amongst the children, by July 3rd 15 were dying per day. The french marines began making scarecrows to help against snipers. It turned out the watchmakers amongst their Chinese christians were capable of creating cartridges for Mausers and other guns. The defenders were able to manufacture powder for cannons with things they seized from the surrounding enemy during sorties. The men fired only 100 rounds per day, Henry noted on July 5th 13 rounds were only fired, on the 14th 74. Famine was more threatening than lack of ammunition. On July 6th Henry checked rations and estimated they could hold out for 20 days. The Boxers began manufacturing exploding missiles that they lobbed at the cathedral. These were a sort of fire pot, a container carrying around three pounds of gunpowder with long fuses. On a single day the Boxers tossed more than 250 of these, but the defenders ingeniously put buckets, casks and even bathtubs full of water everywhere to fight the emerging fires. The Qing artillery smashed the cathedrals clock tower and walls without mercy. On July 18th, the defenders were countermining when a mine exploded killing 25 and injuring 28. One French marine described the carnage “where bits of waste meat were being dragged out, fragments of flesh and severed limbs were spattered about and part of someone's chest was smashed against a wall”. Qing troops atop the Imperial City walls fired down upon the defenders at all times. By July 28th rations were a meager 8 ounces of food per day. On July 30th the Qing assaulted the north wall, setting the cathedral roof on fire. Henry tried rallying the men and took a bullet in the neck and another into his side. Henry died in the arms of a priest 20 minutes later and was buried beneath a statue of Our Lady of Lourdes in the Cathedral garden. Olivieri took command after his death. The Qing and Boxers seemed emboldened and began firing arrows with messages to the Christian Chinese urging them to abandon the foreigners and return to the old ways. “You, Christians, shut up in the Pei-tang, reduced to the greatest misery, eating leaves of trees, why do you resist? We have leveled cannon and set mines against you, and you will be destroyed in a short time. You have been deceived by the devils of Europe; return to the ancient religion . . . deliver up Bishop Favier and the others, and you will have saved your lives, and we will give you to eat. If you do not do so, you, your wives and children, will all be cut into pieces.” It is said the Boxers believed Bishop Favier was a demon who was using an invulnerability spell by smearing menstrual blood over his faced and nailing naked women and dead fetuses to the Cathedral walls. They also believed the foreigners posed a weapon called “the ten thousand woman flag” woven from female pubic hair which stole power from the Boxer gods. Gotta hand it to their imagination. Despite the messages, the Chinese Christians stayed put. By August 2nd the besieged were starving and began trying to capture stray dogs to eat. On August 5th, Favier wrote this “we can resist balls, bullets, and bombs, but there is no defense against famine.” On August 10th, 400 pounds of rice and a mule were all that remained. Favier was forced to send Christian Chinese out in desperation to try and reach the foreign legation for help. Many were flayed, beheaded and put in spikes near Peitang. On August 12th a violent explosion shook Peitang a giant mine had gone off causing a crater 7 yards deep and 40 yards wide. It buried 5 Italian marines with Olivieri and 80 Chinese. Olivieri recounted being saved with the burial “They succeeded in uncovering one of my hands, and finding it still warm, redoubled their efforts until my whole body was free”. However his men were mutilated and dying. The mine had caused a large breach in the wall and the enemy could easily have stormed Peitang, but they didn't. Another mine went off the following day, but the enemy did not storm Peitang. Just when it seemed they were all going to die on August 14th the defender heard Boxers scream out “The devils from Europe are approaching!” The Boxers were also screaming at the defenders of Peitang that they would all be massacred before their rescuers got to them. But Oliveiri and the defenders watch as Qing banners were lowered from walls, Qing soldiers and Boxers were beginning to flee. By 5pm they saw europeans on the walls waving an american flag. The defenders waited for their rescue on August 15th, but no one was coming. Olivieri worried the relief force had been repelled. Then suddenly Japanese troops climbed over the walls and stormed into Peitang. Olivieri rushed over shouting “we are saved!”. The other members of the 8 nation alliance were rather shocked by the actions of the Japanese, Peitang was a French responsibility. The French force that entered Beijing however was too small to fight their way to Peitang. As General Frey noted “What was our surprise to see ahead of us between 250 and 300 Japanese whose presence nobody could explain.” The Japanese without any fuss simply did the deed on their own merit. Peitang saw 400 people including 166 children die during the siege, unlike the fight for the legations Peitang never had a single day of rest. There was no truce for Peitang, the defenders fought every single day. As Favier assessed the damage in Beijing he had this to say “In Pekin, three churches, seven large chapels, the colleges, hospitals—all are destroyed. . . . The Peitang . . . damaged by shells, is the only building undestroyed. . . . In short, the ruin is almost entire, the work of forty years is nearly annihilated; the courage of missionaries, nevertheless, is not on the wane; we shall begin over again.” As Bishop Favier wandered Beijing, he estimated perhaps 30,000 catholics had been killed. News emerged that 200 foreign nuns, priests, missionaries and their family members had been murdered. Half the population of Beijing fled in terror as the foreign armies flooded in. Many Qing officials committed suicide, many Chinese women with bound feet likewise did so. The special correspondent of the Daily Telegraph, Dr. E.J Dillon wrote “Chinese women honestly believed that no more terrible fate could overtake them than to fall alive into the hands of Europeans and Christians. It is to be feared that they were right.” Dillon personally saw the corpses of women who had been raped and bayoneted to death. Luella Miner within the foreign legation had this to say of the matter “The conduct of the Russian soldiers is atrocious, the French are not much better, and the Japanese are looting and burning without mercy.... Women and girls by hundreds have committed suicide to escape a worse fate at the hands of Russian and Japanese brutes. Our American soldiers saw them jumping into the river and into wells, in Tungchow. Twelve girls in one well, and one mother was drowning two of her little children in a large water jar.” Roger Keyes added his own account “Every Chinaman . . . was treated as a Boxer by the Russian and French troops, and the slaughter of men, women, and children in retaliation was revolting.” A British officer, Major Luke, told Keyes that “he had never seen anything more horrible, and some of his young Marines were literally sick”. Lenox Simpson stated he say British Indian forces molesting female Chinese christians until they were flogged by some foreign women. It is said the Japanese had planned ahead of time for the situation. According to Roger Keyes “their Government had wisely taken the precaution of sending their ‘regimental wives' [prostitutes] with them, and they were established in houses at Tientsin and Peking directly the troops settled down”. The first days of the occupation saw indiscriminate looting and rape by all nationalities. The allied commander in chief von Waldersee who only arrived in late september wrote “Every nationality accords the palm to some other in respect to the art of plundering, but it remains the fact that each and all of them went in hot and strong for plunder.” On August 18th all the diplomats and military commanders met at the Russian legation to discuss how to go about reprisals against the Qing. The Germans argued for severe punishment because of Von Kettelers murder, they wanted a punitive expedition and to raze the Imperial city. The Russians favored a more conciliatory line in northern China, but of course something I have not talked about was going on, the Russians had basically invaded Manchuria. One thing they all agreed upon was an enormous victory parade through the Imperial City, a grand humiliation. Each nation scrambled to be the first in the parade, the Russians argued they had the largest force, which was a lie, it was the Japanese. There are countless photographs of the foreign armies in the city and of the parade, but to give a brief description on August 28th George Morrison stated “the appearance of the French troops, complaining that there was every excuse for their uniforms to be dirty but that the faces of many of the men should be so too was quite inexcusable. The French looked singularly decadent in blue dungaree and that their commander, General Frey, was small and pot-bellied. He thought the Cossacks were “heavy” and “rough” but that the Germans looked “splendid” and the Japanese officers “very smart.” The British, by contrast, looked ather “rag tag and bobtail.” The dignity of the occasion was further undermined by the ineptitude of the Russian band, which could not keep pace with eight successive national anthems and found itself blasting out the “Marseillaise” as the Italians marched past the saluting base”. An army of eunuchs escorted by Qing officials brought the foreigners into the Forbidden city which saw looting. Indeed the looting of the capital of China by the 8 nation alliance is probably one of the largest looting accounts in human history, one of the sources I am using has an entire chapter dedicated to only story accounts of what was stolen and by whom, but its simply too much to delve into. Many museums today hold stolen items from this event. Within 24 hours of taking the city not a race of Boxers existed. There was a wild Boxer hunt that saw much horror. Daily executions occurred as described to us by George Morrison “The execution and the long drawn out neck. The butcher with his apron. The executioner tearing open his long coat—the grunt as he brought down the knife—the dogs lapping up the blood—the closeness of the head to the ground, the face nearly touching.” Apparently the Germans got their prisoners to dig their own trench before being shot in the back of the head. During september the allies were awaiting the arrival of von Waldersee, but a number of military operations were mounted against Boxer strongholds in the Beijing region. Von Waldersee arrived to Beijing in October assuming command and established his HQ in Cixi's palace in the forbidden city. Von Waldersee decided punitive expeditions needed to be increased and Germany began taking the lead in several dozen. The countryside was butchered in a wild hunt for Boxers. Civilians, Qing soldiers, Qing officials, just about anyone faced numerous foreign troops who killed or abused them. Von Waldersee faced a more daunting task however, peace negotiations. There was a mutual distrust amongst the nations and conflicts broke out often. Li Hongzhang, poor old Li Hongzhang and Prince Qing were appointed the imperial plenipotentiary powers and only arrived in Beijing in October. The first meeting was held on Christmas Eve between them and the foreign ministers. Li Hongzhang was not present due to illness. The foreign ministers questioned whether the Qing plenipotentiaries were even real agents of the Emperor or Qing government in exile. Prince Qing managed to convince them he held authority. The allies pondered if the dynasty should change, but it was quickly apparent the Manchu would never allow for such a thing. All the ministers agreed the Manchu dynasty should remain on the throne. Then they pondered punishment of the guilty and a large indemnity on behalf of the Qing dynasty. The indemnity fee first brought up was 67,500,000 roughly 4.3 or so billion dollars by todays figures. The Americans argued it was far too high and would bankrupt China. American secretary of state John Hay sent a telegram to the great powers stating “America's policy was to bring permanent safety and peace to China and to preserve China's territorial integrity”. Von Waldersee would go on the record to say “the United States it seems to desire that nobody shall get anything out of China.” However on May 26th an imperial edict announced that the indemnity payment would be 67,500,000$ to be paid in full over 39 years. The sum was to be distributed as follows: Russia 28.97%, Germany 20.02%, France 15.75%, Britain 11.25%, Japan 7.73%, United States 7.32%, Italy 7.32%, Belgium 1.89%, Austria-Hungary 0.89%, Netherlands 0.17%, Spain 0.03%, Portugal 0.021%, Sweden and Norway 0.014%. The payment by the way would only be amortized on December 31st of 1940. Now the negotiations for punishments were a lot more complicated. The allies first wanted to see the executions of prominent pro-Boxer officials, which Empress Dowager Cixi wanted to avoid. Cixi made many counter proposals, but eventually was forced to hand over some officials. Yuxiang, the mastermind behind the Taiyuan massacre was reportedly executed, though notably there is a myth he simply went into exile. Qing official Ying Nien straggled himself, some other officials apparently were killed by having their mouths and nostrils stuffed with rice paper by eunuchs, which is a pretty weird one I must say, many were poisoned. Prince Duan and his brother escaped the death penalty and were exiled to Turkestan. Dong Fuxiang was too powerful to kill much to the dismay of the foreigners. Indeed his Muslim army in the northwest was the bulwark at the time, all he suffered was a demotion, but in reality he was now a major leading figure. Over 100 Qing officials were executed or exiled in the end. A peace treaty containing 12 articles was signed in the Spanish legation on September 7th of 1901 known as the Boxer Protocol. The Qing were prohibited from importing arms and ammunition for 2 years; the Taku forts were ordered to be destroyed; the legation quarters would receive special status; Boxers and Qing officials who had supported them would face justice; the Zongli Yamen was replaced with a foreign office; the Qing government was to prohibit under the pain of death, any membership for anti-foreign societies; civil examinations were suspended for 5 years in any area that saw violence against foreigners; the Emperor Guangxu was to apologize to Kaiser Wilhelm for the murder of Baron von Ketteler; Emperor Guangxu was to appoint Na't'ung to be a special envoy to be sent to apologize the Emperor Meiji for the murder of Mr. Sugiyama; the Qing government was to erect a commemorative arch over the spot Baron von Ketteler was killed; and at last the great powers would be allowed to occupy numerous important cities so as to make sure their legations were protected. Empress Dowager Cixi was surprised by the terms of the treaty and that she was not punished personally. Hell China was not required to surrender any more territory. Some members of her court argued China should continue the war and that the 8 nation alliance could not hope to face the interior of China. Some argued if Dong Fuxiang were to be allowed to raise his force to 50,000 he could dislodge the foreign encroachment. Cixi however was as much a pragmatist as she was conservative in her ways. If the allied nations would allow Emperor Guangxu and her to return to Beijing retaining their honor, she believed she had little to lose. She also was not a moron and understood exactly why the Boxer Protocol was made in the way it was, the great powers wanted to received payments and in order to do so, needed the Manchu to sit on the throne. She ordered Li Hongzhang to do all he could to re-establish relations with the foreign governments. She also ordered any decrees she made praising the Boxers to be expunged from the official records and secretly ordered all blame to be placed on Guangxu. She gave posthumous honors to all the progressive Qing officials she had beheaded during the siege and disinherited the heir apparent son of Prince Duan, whom apparently she did not like much. An imperial decree in the name of Emperor Guangxu announced “Our Sacred Mother's advanced age renders it necessary that we should take the greatest care of her health, so that she may attain to peaceful longevity; a long journey in the heat being evidently undesirable, we have fixed on the 19th day of the 7th Moon [1 September] to commence our return journey and are now preparing to escort Her Majesty.” The return to Beijing should be held as one of the greatest feats of public relations exercises in history, second only to Robert Downey Jr. The 700 mile journey began in October of 1901 seeing the imperial family carried in yellow sedan chairs, sparing no expense. George Morrison details it quite well “Along the frost-bound uneven tracks which serve for roads in northern China, an unending stream of laden wagons croaked and groaned through the short winter's day and on, guided by soldier torch-bearers through bitter nights to the appointed stopping places. But for the Empress Dowager and the Emperor there was easy journeying and a way literally made smooth. Throughout its entire distance the road over which the Imperial palanquins were carried had been converted into a smooth, even surface of shining clay, soft and noiseless under foot; not only had every stone been removed but as the procession approached gangs of men were employed in brushing the surface with feather brooms. At intervals of about ten miles, well-appointed rest-houses had been built.The cost of this King's highway, quite useless of course for the ordinary traffic of the country, was stated by a native contractor to amount to fifty Mexican dollars for every eight yards—say, £1,000 per mile—the clay having to be carried in some places from a great distance. As an example of the lavish expenditure of the Court and its officials in a land where squalor is a pervading feature, this is typical.” The Empress Dowager crossed the yellow river in a gilded, lacquered, dragon shaped barge after offering wine and incense to the river god. Believe it or not, the last part of the journey was done by train and Empress Dowager Cixi looked excited to be in what she called an “iron centipede”. Everyone in Beijing was given an imperial decree to graciously permit them to watch the royal family return to the Imperial Court. We are told “As Cixi got out of her chair, the Empress glanced up at the smoke-blackened walls and saw us: a row of foreigners . . . and, looking up at us, lifted her closed hands under her chin, and made a series of little bows.” Cixi was a lover of theatricals and made sure it was a hell of a show. Within days foreign ministers were summoned to present themselves to the Emperor and for the first time officially enter the forbidden city. On February the 1st Cixi invited the ladies of diplomats to her. The foreign community nor Cixi could know it, but the Boxer rebellion was to be one of the last nails in a coffin made for the Qing dynasty. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. And so the Boxer rebellion excluding some events in Manchuria was ended. The Boxer protocol ushered in a brand new Qing dynasty that surely would survive the test of time and not succumb to an agonizing death as the people of China could take it no longer.
Last time we spoke about the Boxers march upon Beijing. The situation in China escalated until the point of no return. The Boxers began attacked Christians and foreigners, seeing less and less opposition from the Qing government. The Qing court were hard pressed to do anything to suppression the boxers lest they fall into a full blown rebellion. The foreign community in Beijing scrambled to call for help from their navies before the Boxers cut the railways and telegraph lines to the capital. Not only were the Boxers a threat to the foreign community, but the recently arrived Kansu army of General Dong Fuxiang were also causing troubles. The foreign legations held tight waiting to see what would occur and on June 11th of 1900 the violence escalated. Mr. Sugiyama of Japan was murdered by the Kansu army, it seemed all hope for avoiding conflict was now lost. #62 The Boxer Rebellion part 2: Seymour's 8 Nation expedition Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. The death of Mr. Sugiyama drove the tension through the roof. 40 French and Italian marines had detached from the legation main force to defend the Peitang Cathedral. They were led by 23 year old Paul Henry and Italian officer Olivieri who was 22. The two went to work directing a defense of the Cathedral, as Henry's commanding officer sent a message to quickly recall him back over to the legations, the message never arrived. A detachment of US Marines, were also sent to guard the large Methodist Mission half a mile from the American legation. At this point the mission was housing some 1500 refugee's within its walls. Streams of refugees had flooded in when the panic began, as told to us by Frank Gamewell running the mission “The missionaries are coming in from outside districks [sic]; some with only such articles of clothing as they could carry in their arms, as they had to flee for their lives. The situation is getting more serious as the Boxers are gathering and getting more bold every hour; as the Chinese soldiers sent out to guard Foreign property are assisting the Boxers to loot the places.” On June 12th the ministers sent another message to the Zongli Yamen. The Japanese were invited to partake in the message but declined so they could submit another message bearing this. “The Chinese have murdered our Third Secretary of Legation, and Japan can have no more communication with China—except war.” The next day, a Boxer appeared on Legation Street wielding a large carving knife. Baron von Ketteler was so livid at the scene he rushed into the street and began hitting the boxer with a stick. The Boxer leapt out of his cart, running for an alley, whereupon von Ketteler discovered a young boy hiding in the cart and seized him as a hostage at the German legation. Later that afternoon thousands of Boxers stormed the city wielding spears and swords. The Boxers had prepared blacklists and were quote “hunting down all who had been connected with the foreigners, cutting them down, hacking them to pieces, or carrying them off for more terrible torture in a Boxer camp”. Beijing was filled with torches held by Boxers who began destroying all the Missions they could. The East Cathedral, South Cathedral, Nan Tang and Tung Tang were ablaze. Christians caught outside the legation quarters were cut to pieces when caught. A group of US Marines rushed out to save 300 Christians fleeing. Men, women and children lay in heaps, hacked to pieces. American socialite Polly Condit Smith, who was staying with some relative at the US legation described the scene of seeing refugees fleeing into the legations “Half starved, covered with soot and ashes from the fires, women carrying on their breasts horribly sick and diseased babies, and in one case a woman held a dead baby. One man of about fifty years old carried on his shoulders his old mother. . . . A great many of these people were terribly wounded—great spear-thrusts that made jagged wounds, scalp-cuts and gashes on the throat where the victim had been left for dead.” To house more refugees, the palace belonging to Prince Su was seized. The Austrian compound isolated on the northeastern part of the Quarter came under attack on June 13th. The Austrians unleashed their Maxim machine gun to lackluster resulted as Captain Francis Garden Poole of the East Yorkshire regiment recalled “The Austrian picket opened fire with their machine gun at what they said was Boxers but they killed none and after that the French, Russians and Italians squibbed at shadows etc. We shall have a lot of trouble with these irresponsible jumpy folk.” It seemed the Austrians aimed too high and hit nothing more than a few Telegraph lines. This reinforced the Boxer belief in their invulnerability spells. On June 16th, the Boxers attacked the richest trading quarter of Beijing, setting ablaze all the shops and foreign goods. 4000 stores, jewelers, furriers, fans, silk, curio shops, goldsmiths, lantern shops all were incinerated along with the Chienmen city gate. Chinese fire teams tried to save what they could and the legation Quarter was only saved because of the city walls, else it would to have gone down in flames. The foreign troops erected barricades across legation street and established their defensive perimeter. The Americans and Russians defended the west barricade, the French and Italians the east. Until now the main legation Quarter was not seriously threatened, that was until June 17th. Von Ketteler ordered some of his men to fire upon some nearby Kansu forces. Australian journalist George Morrisons noted of the event “Ketteler and his merry men have just shot 7 Boxers from the top of the wall. 50 or 100 were drilling at a distance of 200 yards.... The stalking was excellently done.” The week of violence was followed by the Zongli Yamen sending reassuring messages to the foreign diplomats while the Qing court issued contradictory edicts. On the 16th Empress Dowager Cixi asked the Qing court what should be done with the Boxers. The reformers and conservatives began bickering as usual, but it would be Prince Duan arguing passionately in defense of the Boxers actions. The end result of the meeting was everyone agreeing the Boxers should be pacified, but no one had any real ideas on how that was going to happen. The next day, they Qing court met again and suddenly they were given an ultimatum on behalf of the foreign powers. The ultimatum demanded the foreign minister be given full responsibility for all military matters and raising of revenues and that Emperor Guangxu be restored to the throne. Now the ministers never issued this ultimatum that was in the form of a document. It is theorized to be the work of forgery done secretly by Prince Duan. According to someone present at the court when the document was issued, Empress Dowager Cixi was furious upon hearing its contents and issued an imperial edict calling upon all the provincial governors to send troops to Beijing. Prince Qing in dismay began preparing for hostilities. Two days later, Empress Dowager Cixi was informed the foreign powers were demanding the surrender of the Taku forts which in her mind was tantamount to a declaration of war. The Qing court sent an ultimatum in neat red envelopes to each minister. It was all in police and precise wording, with a clear deadline. The ultimatum also explained that the Qing government saw the foreign demand to takeover the Taku forts as a declaration of war by all said powers. Their passports were now void and each had 24 hours to depart Beijing. Von Kettler of Germany was convinced if they attempted departing Beijing they would all be killed. Pichon of France and Conger of America argued there was no alternative but to depart. MacDonald of Britain was undecided. All the ministers were moving from one legation to another debating the issue around. Morrison remarked “If the ministers vote to leave Peking the death of every man, woman, and child in this huge unprotected convoy will be on your heads, and your names will go through history and be known for ever as the wickedest, weakest, and most pusillanimous cowards who ever lived.” The ministers told the Zongli Yamen they accepted the demand to leave but argued 24 hours was simply too short a time to make the necessary preparations. They further demanded details on how they were to travel and be protected, they demanded a meeting with Princes Qing and Duan on the matter set for 9am the next day. At 9:30am the next day no meeting was to be found as all the ministers met at the French legation. They were uncertain as to what they should do next, they felt going as a large body to the Zongli Yamen would lose face. Apparently von Ketteler was livid and announced his intent to go to the Zongli Yamen and wait there until they met with him. Pichon warned his German counterpart that it was a dangerous course of action. Russian minister de Giers proposed going as a collective under an armed escort. Von Ketteler argued it was silly, he had in fact sent a secretary named Heinrich Cordes to the Zongli Yamen a few days prior and he returned unscathed. To this de Giers asked, why not send Heinrich again, to which Von Ketteler agreed. Everything was fine and dandy, until Von Ketteler joined Heinrich in his sedan chair at the last minute. Armed with only a cigar and book, as he expected to be waiting at the Zongli Yamen for some time, Von Ketteler and Heinrich set out. Half an hour later news came back Von Ketteler was dead. As reported in the Times “Mr. Cordes, the German interpreter, desperately wounded, had just been brought through our barricades by some of our students; that he had told that Baron von Ketteler . . . had been shot in the street by an officer of the Chinese imperial army; that he himself had been fired upon and had barely escaped; and having told his tale, exhausted by lack of blood, he sank into unconsciousness. Cordes saw a banner soldier, apparently a Manchu, in full uniform with a mandarin's hat with a button and blue feather, step forward, present his rifle within a yard of the chair window, level it at the Minister's head and fire.”” The story hit several European papers and was telegraphed around the world. The death of Von Ketteler signaled the end to any talks of foreigners leaving the legations. As MacDonald put it “the Empress Dowager had made up her mind to throw in her lot with the antiforeign party.” The foreign troops began aiding as many christian Chinese and foreigners they could get safely to the legations. Missionary women and children came first, hundreds of Christian converts began moving. They all went past the barricades set up across legation street. Many went the Fu palace, but the missionary leaders there were in dismay because they knew there was not nearly enough food for everyone. Over in Peitang, 3000 refugees huddled together, protected by just a dozen French and Italian marines. The Cathedral fort at Peitang had been under attack for a few days and to the despair of Bishop Favier over there, Pichon sent a message indicating no additional help was on the way. The American legation began issuing out crackers, sardines, scrambled eggs and tea to who they could, the storerooms were being cracked open. The American legation was too close to the city walls to be easily defended and word came they were all to proceed to the British legation. 4000 people from 18 different nations were now in the legations. 473 foreign community civilians with around 400 military personnel, 3000 or more were Chinese christians. Nearly all the foreign women, children and men who were unable to fight crowded the British legation. At 4pm heavy gunfire was heard from the east as some bullets began hitting the tops of trees. The siege had begun. Vice Admiral Seymour had first received word of the legations plight from MacDonald on May 28th when he sent a small dispatch of forces to help guard the legations. Then alarming reports came in on the 31st, prompting him to sail up the coast to join the French, German, Austrian, Italian, Russian, American and Japanese naval forces anchored off the Taku forts. He invited the commanders of each fleet to his ship for a meeting and they all agreed to work in concert. If necessary they would send a combined allied brigade to Beijing. Seymour became the most senior amongst them because he had a great deal of experience with China, ever since the 2nd opium war. He sent a telegram to Britain about the combined actions and dispatched his chief of staff, Captain John Jellicoe to Tiantsin to investigate the situation. On June 9th Jellicoe reported word had come from MacDonald, the situation was dire, communications would be cut at any moment, they needed to land men at once. Seymour wasted no time, at 1am on June 10th he ordered the landing of a British force and personally came over to take a train Tongku to Tientsin. Seymour told the other nations commanders his intentions and they all followed suit. At 7am Seymour arrived to Tientsin and he began arranged train carts to fetch the multinational force, over 2100 men in all. The British numbered 916 and Seymour was careful to choose some men as interpreters as he knew the european languages would be difficult to juggle. Alongside the British were 455 Germans, 326 Russians, 158 French, 112 Americans, 54 Japanese, 41 Italians and 26 Austrians. At 9am they began their march and within hours the telegraph line between Beijing and Tientsin was cut by Prince Duan who had just replaced Prince Qing as president of the Zongli Yamen. Seymour expected a quick train ride to Beijing with an extravagant show of force. Seymour had gambled on the iea the railway line to Beijing was still intact. There was 80 miles to Beijing from Tientsin and all seemed well until they reached Yangtsun, 15 miles away from Tientsin. There some 4000 Qin troops led by General Nie Shicheng were waiting. Nie Shicheng was struggling with conflicting orders coming from General Ronglu. At one moment he was told to suppress the Boxers which he was doing, he had in fact cut the heads of 70 off and sent them in baskets back to the capital. Then he was suddenly ordered not to fire upon them. When Seymours trains came, Seymour and Nie exchanged friendly greetings and the multinational force went on its merry way without incident. The trains continued and it was not long until Seymour encountered the first signs of Boxer sabotage. Rails near Lofa station, around halfway to Beijing had been torn up and a bridge was damaged. The Boxers were lighting up huge fires beneath the rails to warp them and destroy the wooden sleepers. Seymour halted the trains and ordered hundreds of Chinese laborers he had brought with them just for this type of situation to go to work repairing the railways. Seymour's men would soon find the bodies of 4 dead Chinese railway officials in a passenger shed, they had been horribly mutilated. Their hands and feet were hacked off, one of them had their heart torn out. The workers got their work down and soon the trains were enroute to Langfang and it was here the Boxers made their first attack. According to Captain Lt Paul Schlieper with the Germans of what “The Boxers came with wild gestures swinging their spears, lances, or swords about their heads. . . . We often saw Boxers spring up into the air, execute a sort of war dance, and then drop to the ground . . . but when we got nearer and could see them plainly, they proved only to have been shamming to make us believe they had been killed and so avert our fire.” British diplomat Clive Bigham had this to say “They came on us in a ragged line, advancing at the double.... Not more than a couple of hundred, armed with swords, spears, gingalls [a giant smooth bored two-man blunderbuss usually fired from a wooden tripod], and rifles, many of them being quite boys. To any one who had been some little time in China it was an almost incredible sight, for there was no sign of fear or hesitation, and these were not fanatical ‘braves,' or the trained soldiers of the Empress, but the quiet peace-loving peasantry—the countryside in arms against the foreigner.” It was agonizingly slow work for the laborers and every time the trains stopped to let them work, Boxers began to attack. The Boxers destroyed the water tanks at stations, laborers were forced to water the engines by bucket, a extremely tedious process. The men likewise needed water and were delighted to find a well near Langfang, prompting Seymour to halt the trains to allow men to drink. On June 12th a message arrived from the American legation in Beijing telling them their advance was causing the capital to erupt in further violence. It also warned them that Qing troops were massing south of the city. This was bad news, but what was worse was Seymour figuring out the trains would not be able to go past Langfang very far as his reconnaissance was reporting to him the railway was terribly damaged going forward. They made camp at Langfang for 5 days trying to repair the railway line and were attacked multiple times by Boxers. British Lt Fownes-Luttrell had this to say of fighting the Boxers “They often stopped a few yards off and went through their gesticulations for rendering themselves immune from bullet wounds. Many were shot while kowtowing towards the trains and remained dead in that position. Bowling them over like so many rabbits. . . it has to be done, they are doing such a lot of fearful damage to the country.” Commander Mori with the IJN began inspecting the dead bodies of Boxers and recalled this “They were young and old . . . their costumes were various, and they had red bands tied round their heads and hanging down behind, as well as red aprons.... Their shoes also were tied with red.” June the 14th saw the telegram line to Tientsin cut. The supply train at the rear of the convoy had failed to get past the Yangtsun station because Boxers attacked a bridge between them. General Nie Shicheng's force at Yangtsun did not seem to be doing anything about the situation, simply staying away. On the same day, hundreds of Boxers began to show up, 5 Italian solders were playing cards when they were surprise attacked by Boxers who hacked them to pieces. Seymour still hoped to make a breakthrough to Beijing and sent a courier to MacDonald stating he hoped to enter the city within days. However by June 16th, Seymour was sending Schlieper with some German troops back down the track to restore communications with Tientsin. The party got just past Lofa when they ran into extremely damaged tracks. Schlieper sent word back to Seymour that he required laborers and reinforcements. Seymour came over to see things for himself and realized the grave situation. “We were now isolated, with no transport or means to advance, and cut off from our base behind.” Seymour was forced to make the decision to repair the line going back to Tientsin, lest they found themselves surrounded. This decision has been criticized heavily ever since. Sir Robert Hart would go on the record to state “had [his force] left the train and marched straight across the country to the Capital it could have been with us on the 13th or 14th and so changed history.” From Langfang to Beijing it was some 30 miles or so, but Clive Bigham who was physically present with Seymour he had a different view of the situation “There was no road, we were absolutely without transport, and directly in front of us lay . . . the camps of the Peking Field Force . . . and in front of the south gate of the Chinese city lay, we knew, most of General Dong Fuxiang's Kansu soldiery.” Seymour prepared the men to withdraw. The commander of the German forces, Captain von Usedom was ordered to hold Langfang and protect their rear while the laborers worked tirelessly to repair tracks going back. The trains managed to get to Yangtsun, but there a bridge had been so heavily damaged it became impassable. The Yangtsun station and its water tanks were destroyed, the situation was dire. Seymour summoned the commanders of each nation for a war council. They all agreed the trains had to be abandoned, they would simply have to trek the rest. Over at Langfang von Usedom was suddenly attacked by a 5000 strong force of Kansu and Boxers. Dong Fuxiang alongside his comrades, Ma Fulu, Ma Fuxiang and Ma Haiyan had secretly departed the Beijing area to attack the western invading army. General Ma Fuxiang and Ma Fulu personally planned and led the attack, employing a pincer maneuver. On June 18th, the Kansu forces who had been stationed at Hunting Park in southern Beijing had marched and attacked multiple points towards Langfang. The 3000 Kansu men were armed with modern rifles and had a ton of cavalry units personally led by Ma Fulu who would go on to cut down western forces with his sword. The Boxers and Kansu were working together to ambush the western army. The employed human wave attacks. The Boxers showed no fear of death as they charged at the western forces engaging in melee combat with swords and spears. Many also tossed firecrackers to give off the effect of guns. The psychological effect was tremendous on the western soldiers. The western army would suffer the vast majority of their casualties not from the Boxers however, it was the Kansu troops. The mounted Kansu with rifles in hand were tenacious, battle hardened from wars in the northwest. Von Usedom's right flank were on the brink of collapse, until French and British troops further down the track stormed up to help them. The western army was forced to make a fighting withdrawal while under attack the entire way. The trains at Langfang were ridden with bullet holes like swiss cheese. The Germans under Von Usedom fought like lions against wave after wave killing an estimated 400 and wounded 57. Of these the Kansu lost 200, the Boxers 200. Despite their losses to gunfire the Boxers never ceased charging the enemy, unnerving the westerners greatly at such a sight. The British were armed with .303 Lee-Metford rifles, the American M1895 Lee Navy's. At point blank range these men reported it could take 4 bullets to stop a Boxer, single rifle shots was not enough. There are primary accounts from the battle which I would like to read, the first is from Clive Bigham “Early on Sunday morning, 17th June [1900], a week after we had started, the Taku Forts were taken by U the Allied Forces in order to relieve Tientsin. That city was invested by the Boxers who began to bombard it next day. Of this of course we were quite ignorant. But the Court in Peking must have received instant news of the fact, for on the afternoon of the 18th Captain von Usedom, the German officer in command of the troops left at Langfang, was attacked by the Imperial forces belonging to General Tung-fuh-siang's division. Their numbers were estimated at 7,000 and they were well armed _^ with modern rifles which they used with effect, so that we suffered considerable casualties.” The next comes to us from Seymour “On 17th messages were sent back to Lofa and Langfang to recall Nos. 2, 3, and 4 trains, it being evident that the advance by rail was impossible, and the isolation and separate destruction of the trains a possibility. No. 3 returned on the afternoon of 18th June,, and in the evening Nos. 2 and 4 from Langfang. Captain Von Usedom (His Imperial German Majesty's Navy), the senior officer present with Nos 2 and 4 trains, reported that they had had a severe engagement with the enemy, who unexpectedly attacked them at Langfang about 2.30 p.in. on that day (18th) in great force estimated 'to be-fully 5,000 men (including cavalry), large numbers of whom were armed with -magazine rifles of the latest pattern. The banners captured show them to have belonged to-tho army of General Tung Fu Hsiang, who commands the Chinese troops-in the Hunting Park- outside Peking, and it was thus definitely known for the first time that Imperial Chinese troops were being employed against us. The attack was made in front and on both flanks, the enemy pouring in a heavy fire on the allied forces coming out to engage them ; they were driven off with much loss, but when they saw our forces retiring towards the trains they rallied and made another attack ; a halt was then made and the men were once more beaten off with greater loss than before, and then finally retreated. In this action the Chinese lost over 400 killed, the allied forces 6 killed and 48 wounded.” Seymour concluded from the battle that the Qing government was officially in league with Boxers. They abandoned their trains, but were able to find 4 Chinese war junks along the river that they quickly commandeered for transporting the wounded and essential equipment. On June 19th they marched to Tientsin following the left bank of the Peiho. A lot of non essentials had to be abandoned and thus tossed into the river. As Seymour recalled ““All our trophies of war . . . the large standards, the curious weapons, all the plunder with which our carriages had been hung, all had to be sacrificed.”” The sailors aboard the war junks could see Boxers pouring in from all sides descending upon abandoned train carts which they set on fire. The western army had ablaze to their backs as they marched. To reach Tientsin was some 30 miles and the men were exhausted from combat and marching with little water, some even reportedly took their chances drinking from the Peiho. Going to go ahead and say dysentery came quickly to those boys. The Boxers held most of the small villages along the riverbank, prompting the western army to deploy guns at each. As Schlieper recalled “When one village was cleared a still hotter fire was sure to be opened on us from the next. It was a tough bit of work.” Many of the men had unsuitable clothing as well. The Germans were wearing thick blue clothing, designed for operations in the North Sea for winter time. Seymour had 62 deaths and 228 wounded, as they marched closer to Tientsin, they could hear gunfire. On June 20th, they had marched only 8 miles and had to fight the entire way. Two British soldiers were buried that night, having died from wounds. The men made it to the larger village of Peitsang where they fought a brutal battle. Schlieper took a rifle hit to his left shin, Captain Jellicoe likewise shot in the chest and coughing a lot of blood. Medics tended to him with morphine, but it looked grim so they told him to write out his will. Seymour approached Captain Von Usedom and asked him to act as his chief of staff and if he were to be killed to take over command. You have to take a step back and think about how unprecedented this entire situation was. 8 nations together with different policies, cultures, etc. It's not every day you see a British officer asking such a thing of a German. Seymour had around 200 wounded now and acquired a new war junk on the river for more of them. Seymour knew, anyone left behind would be massacred. The men were down to fewer than 10 rounds a man and all food was gone. On June 22nd the men made camp along the Peiho river bank and at dawn saw hope at last. On the other side of the Peiho river they saw a fortified position with a parapet. This was the Hsi-ku Arsenal, a place where Qing forces kept stored munitions. It held rifles, millions of rounds, rice, medical supplies and other war materials. Now that is lucky. The Arsenal was defended by a tiny force which got up and left upon seeing the western army. Seymour's men took refuge at the arsenal, but nearby General Nie Shicheng were given word of the situation. Nie Shicheng ordered forces to retake the arsenal, but the western army repulsed them. At 3am on June 23rd Qing forces attacked again, but this time they had Boxers helping them. Qing soldiers and Boxers managed to scale some of the walls during the night causing casualties upon the western army. Seymour realized departing the fortified positions was suicide. Seymour deployed his forces as best as he could and told the men to dig in. They could hear gunfire again coming from the direction of Tientsin. Seymour sent a Chinese servant named Chao Yinho with a message to make a run for Tientsin. Chao set out on the 24th with a cipher message, ordered to eat it if caught. Chao was forced to swim many parts of the way through the Peiho, going 8 miles. He was caught by Boxers and Qing soldiers and interrogated. He swallowed the message and convinced his captors he was innocent and they let him go. He made it to Tientsin where he told them the plight of Seymour and his men. A rescue party was formed, but the men of Tientsin were under threat themselves and could only spare so many. 1800 men consisting of 900 Russians, 500 British and others from the other nations departed on June 25th led by Russian Colonel Sherinsky. The rescue party came under Qing sniper fire along the way, forcing them into a single file formation. They reached the arsenal at 10:30am carrying food and cigarettes. Commander Mori of the Japanese shaked the hands of their rescuers. Sherinsky and Seymour got the men together and on way the next day, spiking the artillery pieces and destroying countless munitions they could not carry. The arsenal was ablaze on the 26th as they made their way to Tientsin. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Seymour grand 8 nation alliance force set out to rescue the trapped foreign community in the legations at Beijing. However the Qing and Boxers had joined forces and turned the tables of Seymour, for it was he who would end up needing rescue in the end.
© 2020-2025 Ivy Podcast Discovery LLC
