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On this episode of As Spiders Do, Vincent Olivieri, '98 shares how a Richmond education shaped a lifelong creative path from math major to sound designer and composer. He reflects on the unexpected lessons that stuck with him, the role of empathy and “the next right thing” in a nonlinear career, and how U of R's curiosity-driven community helped launch a life of making, teaching, and exploring new ideas.Editing by Maggie Johnson, '18, Associate Director, Regional & Young Grad Engagement. Episode music by FASSounds from Pixabay.Nominate someone to be on our show by emailing alumni@richmond.edu.
Natale Olivieri wanted to sell bottled drinks so people could take them home. Noticed no premade chocolate milk, so… YooHoo! Dave Young: Welcome to the Empire Builders Podcast, teaching business owners the not so secret techniques that took famous businesses from mom and pop to major brands. Stephen Semple is a marketing consultant, story collector and storyteller. I’m Stephen’s sidekick and business partner, Dave Young. Before we get into today’s episode, a word from our sponsor, which is, well, it’s us, but we’re highlighting ads we’ve written and produced for our clients. So here’s one of those. [Central Heating & Air Ad] Dave Young: Welcome to the Empire Builders Podcast. Dave Young here alongside Stephen Semple. And we’re talking about empires, big businesses, big enterprises that have gone global, have gone ballistic and become huge, huge names. And Stephen whispered in my ear that we’re going to be talking about Yoo-hoo. Stephen Semple: Yoo-hoo. Dave Young: Not yahoo. Stephen Semple: Yoo-hoo. Dave Young: I thought he was just trying to get my attention when he said it. But no, Yoo-hoo. It’s a soft drink, right? Is it like the predecessor of Mountain Dew? Is it related? Stephen Semple: Somewhat. Somewhat but it’s a- Dave Young: I kind of remember drinking a bottle of Yoo-hoo when I was a kid. Stephen Semple: It’s a chocolate drink though. Dave Young: Oh, it’s the chocolate thing. Yeah, yeah. No, I don’t think I’ve ever drank a bottle of that. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Well, and the reason why it’s kind of a predecessor to a bunch of things is that it really was the first in the made to drink category. It actually invented that category of made to drink type. Dave Young: Made to drink as opposed to a soda fountain where you’re mixing the syrup and the soda at the point of consumption. Stephen Semple: Correct. Or an orange juice where you mix the concentrate. It was sort of, again, one of the very first made. Today it’s part of Keurig. And as we- Dave Young: Is it really? Stephen Semple: Yeah. It’s part of Keurig today. Yeah. Dave Young: I don’t know why that doesn’t seem to fit what I think of- Stephen Semple: Well, Keurig owns a bunch of things now, like their Dr. Pepper and there’s a number of things in the Keurig world today. Dave Young: I’m not keeping up with the… Pretty soon they’re all going to be owned by one company. Stephen Semple: Well, you’re not keeping up with the mergers and acquisitions? Dave Young: No, not at all. Try to hide from it. What are you going to do? Stephen Semple: Because Keurig doesn’t break out the sales, the estimates are somewhere between 100 million and 300 million in sales through Yoo-hoo. But what we do know is it’s a pretty big deal to be part of that group now. Now it was started by Natale Olivieri in 1928 and he sold it to Max Geller, who was an advertising executive in the early 1960s for a million bucks. But a million bucks in the 1960s was good money, right? Dave Young: Probably good retirement for the guy in the ’60s. Stephen Semple: And that’s basically what he did. He retired, moved to Florida, and didn’t work again. Natale’s an Italian immigrant and he’s a soda shop owner in New Jersey. Dave Young: That makes sense. That tracks. Stephen Semple: Yeah. And he’s making his own bottle of fruit sodas, but he’s struggling to differentiate from Orange Crush and Nehi. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: And his drinks are called True Fruit and he uses these high quality ingredients and they’re sold in these take-home bottles, which was unusual at the time. But what he noticed is a lot of people, he was losing a lot of business to the chocolate drinks sold at the soda fountain across the street. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: Because remember, soda fountains is where we used to go and get all sorts of things like milkshakes. Right? Dave Young: Yeah. But he was doing bottled drinks and take them home. Stephen Semple: Bottled fruit drinks. Dave Young: Fruit drinks. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Bottled fruit drink. Dave Young: Okay. Not sodas. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Not sodas. But he also looked around, he saw there was no pre-bottled chocolate milk on the market. Dave Young: Okay. Yeah. Stephen Semple: So he had this idea, what if I could make a shelf-stable chocolate drink that customers could have anywhere, anytime? All that sort of stuff, unprecedented idea, right? Dave Young: Sounds like a million-dollar idea. Stephen Semple: Yeah. It turned out to be, but there were some challenges along the way. The first challenge is people don’t have refrigeration. It’s not widespread. Milk spoils. Dave Young: Put some milk in a bottle and yeah, that seems problematic. Stephen Semple: Yeah. So how do you create a milk-like experience and taste without milk? That’s kind of challenge number one. So he experiments with a bunch of different things, and he comes across this whole idea of a milk protein and this dairy byproduct that he put together that suddenly created this milky flavor with lower fat and better freshness, had more shelf life. But despite that this was now whey-based, it was still not really and truly a shelf stable product. It was better than milk, but it was not yet what was needed. Dave Young: Got you. Stephen Semple: And in fact, he was working so hard on this that he started to kind of almost ignore his soda business and that actually began to falter. And he reached the point where frankly he almost gave up. Dave Young: Wow. Okay. Stephen Semple: So he’s at the end of his rope, he’s almost given up, and he got actually inspired one day when he was home and he watched his wife canning fruit using the hot fill method. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: Now what the hot fill method is, you heat the bottle interior and the liquid to just over 200 degrees Fahrenheit. I think it’s like 214 or something like that. And then seal it while it’s hot, which basically prevents bacterial contamination. Dave Young: The end result is when it cools, there’s a vacuum that’s formed and- Stephen Semple: There’s a vacuum that formed and also all the bacteria was killed. Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: Or a good chunk of it, enough of it that now the product is quite shelf stable. So he applied this to his drink and now he’s able to produce a shelf stable drink that’s smooth, cocoa flavored, dessert-like, sweet, all the things that he’s looking for. But he also realizes he has another problem. He can’t call it True Fruit. Dave Young: It’s chocolate fruit. Stephen Semple: Because that would be kind of confusing. Dave Young: My favorite chocolate fruit. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Kind of a confusing name for chocolate drink. So he decides to call it Yoo-hoo. And Yoo-hoo was inspired by a line in the song called the Indian Love Call. And literally the Indian Love Call, Yoo-hoo. Right? Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: You can actually go back and listen to this old song. He heard the song and he said, “That’s what I’m going to call the drink.” MUSIC: Back in our days of happy childhood, Yoohoo means please come out and play I was so bashful in the wild-wood Now I am bolder, I wrote and told her You’ll hear me calling Yoohoo, ‘Neath your window some sweet day You’ll hear me calling Yoohoo, Yoohoo, Then you’ll know I’m home to stay When I hear your cheery answer, It will make my dreams come true Because I know that Yoohoo Means I love you Stephen Semple: Now here’s the part that I know, Dave, you would love about this. People were skeptic because it gave no clues to the product. Yoo-hoo doesn’t say chocolate. Dave Young: Yoo-hoo, try it. Stephen Semple: It doesn’t say drink. It doesn’t say any of those things. All it is different and memorable. Dave Young: Yeah. I think that’s great. And honestly, stealing a line from a song, not the worst idea. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Yeah. Dave Young: Especially if it’s in the popular vernacular. Stephen Semple: It was at the time. It was at the time. And the thing I loved about it is, Dave, how often do we talk about where people are trying to name things right on the money and it’s uninspiring and uninteresting and not memorable? Here’s a guy who I guess in a former life you were him because you called it Yoo-hoo. Dave Young: Yoo-hoo. I would’ve called something else Yoo-hoo, but he already did it. So no, I like that. And I think it just never became huge enough brand. I don’t know that I’ve ever seen it in a store. Stephen Semple: Well- Dave Young: But I could just not be looking for it either. Stephen Semple: There was a time it did get big versus everybody else, so we’ll talk a little bit about that next. So it’s 1928 Olivieri starts basically selling the world first shelf stable bottled chocolate drink. Now, why do we call it chocolate drink? Dave Young: Stay tuned. We’re going to wrap up this story and tell you how to apply this lesson to your business right after this. [Using Stories To Sell] Dave Young: Let’s pick up our story where we left off and trust me, you haven’t missed a thing. Stephen Semple: Now, why do we call it chocolate drink? Because the FDA required it to be called chocolate drink because it contained no milk. Dave Young: Got you. So was that whey or milk proteins, the stuff in it? Stephen Semple: So that’s why they couldn’t call it chocolate milk. Yeah, it’s milk proteins and whey. So basically the FDA said, “You can’t call it chocolate milk because it’s not milk.” So it’s called a chocolate drink. Dave Young: So he invented… What he did is he invented the protein shake. Stephen Semple: Basically. Yeah. I guess I hadn’t thought about it that way, but yeah, basically. Yeah. Dave Young: CrossFit didn’t exist back then. Stephen Semple: It did. Dave Young: So there was no real market for crookie shakes. Stephen Semple: Yeah. That was called… They had a different name for it back then. It was called work. Dave Young: How do those people get away with calling that other one muscle milk? Stephen Semple: I don’t. Dave Young: I don’t know. I’m chasing a rabbit into the woods. Let’s get back to Yoo-hoo. Stephen Semple: Okay. So Yoo-hoo becomes a local hit. It’s pretty popular in New Jersey, then moves into Pennsylvania. Consumers like it. Restaurants start carrying it, starts getting onto grocery store shelves because people love the durability of it. And really again, this whole idea is the product created this new category. Ready to drink chocolate that’s shelf stable. Now through the Great Depression and into the 1950s, he scaled production. He got to the stage where they were pretty big. He got to the stage where they were manufacturing 250 bottles a minute. Dave Young: Wow, okay. Yeah. Stephen Semple: In the facility in New Jersey and in South Carolina, the facility in South Carolina, they were doing 300,000 cases a year. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: So pretty big. Dave Young: It’s a lot of Yoo-hoo. Stephen Semple: Pretty big. And basically one of the things that he did to make it popular, because what he knew was he was competing against Nestle and Hershey’s because they very quickly came out with things like that. So in 1955, comes up with this marketing idea because he’s now facing this competition. He’s no longer the only game in town. So he has this chance meeting with Yogi Berra. As we know, Yogi Berra was the winner of two American League MVPs. He was a five-time consecutive World Series champion, right? Pretty popular guy. Dave Young: Mm-hmm. And famous for his weird slip-ups with language. It was just these Yogi Berra-isms. Stephen Semple: Yeah, Yogi Berra-isms. Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: One of my favorite ones is no one goes to the mall any longer because it’s too busy. Dave Young: Yeah. Oh, that restaurant used to be really popular till everybody started going there. Stephen Semple: Exactly, exactly. Or my favorite one of his is deja vu all over again. Dave Young: Uh-huh. Yeah. So Yogi Berra becomes their spokesman? Stephen Semple: Yeah. And he actually created an endorsement deal that was innovative for the time, but has now been done a lot because he didn’t have a lot of money to give Yogi Berra. So what he gave Yogi Berra was stock options. Dave Young: All right. Stephen Semple: And that led to endorsements also from Mickey Mantle and Whitney Ford. So he’s got Whitney Ford, Mickey Mantle and Yogi Berra. And basically they start branding it the drink of champions. Dave Young: Okay. That’s cute. Stephen Semple: Right. Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: Predated the breakfast of champions, right? Dave Young: Yeah. That’s right. Stephen Semple: The drink of champions. But could do it because he had these people who were champions endorsing- Dave Young: They were champions. Yeah. Stephen Semple: … endorsing the product. So it’s the early 1960s and Olivieri has this opportunity to sell to Max Geller for a million bucks, which would be roughly like 10 million today, retires at Florida. Soon afterwards, now Max was a smart guy because soon afterwards they do a distribution deal with Pepsi. Dave Young: There you go. Yep. Stephen Semple: And then later Yoo-hoo would be acquired by Keurig. And at the time that the acquisition with Keurig happened, they were doing a hundred million bottles a year of Yoo-hoo. So still 100 million bottles a year is nothing to sneeze out. Dave Young: With my mouth, you’d think I’d stumble across one now and then. Stephen Semple: Yeah. And I’ve always just sort of thought maybe it’s not in Canada. I’ve not stumbled across it but- Dave Young: I think when I look at it and I think about the name and I don’t know the Indian song, so it just feels like a child’s drink. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Maybe. Maybe. Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: But I thought it was pretty cool from the standpoint of here he is and he’s seeing this thing happen and decides to invent this thing that no one has done before, which is this shelf stable chocolate drink and then decided to do this really fun name and then had this opportunity for the endorsement deal and didn’t go, “Oh, I can’t endorse Yogi Berra. I have no money.” Dave Young: Yeah. Yeah. Stephen Semple: Instead looked at it and went, “Well, wait a minute. If he endorses it and we do well, the stock price will go up, so why don’t I give him stock options?” Dave Young: So Yogi and Mickey and Whitey Ford, they did okay too. Stephen Semple: Yeah. I’m sure they did just fine. And that became a standard for endorsements going forward where celebrities much more, instead of taking the cash, would have royalties or shares in companies or things along that lines, which not only made endorsements more lucrative, but also opened the door for smaller businesses to be able to do it. Dave Young: Yeah. You see it all the time. Even movie stars are like, “Don’t pay me as much, but give me a percentage of profits.” Stephen Semple: Yeah. Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: And from what I was able to gather, the Yogi Berra was literally, if not the first endorsement done that way, one of the very first endorsements done that way, which really showed innovative thinking because it would be easy to get caught in the, “I can’t afford it” rather than, “Huh, what’s an alternative solution to this problem?” Dave Young: So next time you’re on the Wizard Academy Campus, I think you should bring a couple of bottles of Yoo-hoo and we’ll sip some Yoo-hoo. I don’t know, is it a breakfast drink or is that an afternoon… Because I would for sure make a cocktail out of it. Stephen Semple: Well, then it’s afternoon. Dave Young: I bet it tastes really good with Kahlúa or creme de cocoa. Stephen Semple: I’m sure. You know what? With Kahlúa, it’d be great, I think. Dave Young: Yeah. I think so. I think this is worth exploring is what I’m saying. Stephen Semple: You know what? I think we owe it to the world- Dave Young: We owe it to our audience to- Stephen Semple: … to do a little bit of experimentation on this to determine what is the best way to drink Yoo-hoo. Dave Young: Uh-huh. It can’t just be straight off the shelf because that’s just not how science works. Stephen Semple: It’s not. Well, and if we’re going to do science, we got to do a couple of different iterations. Dave Young: Sure. I mean, is it a whiskey drink? If so, is it an Irish whiskey drink? I feel like that might be good. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Yeah. We’ll give them Baileys, this Irish whiskey. I’m going to say it’s probably more of the Irish whiskey side. Dave Young: That’s probably where it’s headed. All right. Well, I’m looking forward to it now, my first taste of Yoo-hoo. Stephen Semple: We’re taking it from a shelf stable drink to a making us instable drink. Dave Young: When I say my first drink of Yoo-hoo, it makes me sound like that’s a word that you would use to bleep something else out. Right? I hit him right in the yoo-hoo. Oh, what a fun story. I hope he had a wonderful retirement in Florida and I’m looking forward to- Stephen Semple: I’m sure he did. I’m sure he did. Dave Young: … looking forward to raising a glass of Yoo-hoo next time we’re in the same room, Stephen. Stephen Semple: All right. Awesome. Thanks. Okay. Thanks, David. Dave Young: Thanks for listening to the podcast. Please share us, subscribe on your favorite podcast app and leave us a big fat juicy five star rating and review at Apple Podcasts. And if you’d like to schedule your own 90-minute Empire Building session, you can do it at empirebuildingprogram.com.
Welcome Back! Enrique Mendoza and Ren Olivieri came to record this podcast together in person… we just had to wait for Ren to visit Los Angeles from Toronto. But this All-American trio you're about to hear – Ren from Canada, Enrique from Guatemala, and yours truly from the USA – represent pretty much every region North of South America! These two came by to discus their award winning film “Rob Roy,” an Official Selection at Sherman Oaks Film Festival 2025 that tookhome three awards; the Grand Jury Award for Best Short Film – Action-Thriller, the Filmmakers Award for Outstanding Director – Short Film – Action/Thriller to Enrique A. Mendoza, and the Filmmakers Award for Outstanding Screenplay – Short Film – Action/Thriller to Ren Olivieri. No wonder they like me! Each had been on the podcast before solo, Enrique on Episode 527. Enrique A. Mendoza “Fervor” and Ren on Episode 559. Ren Olivieri “The Trade” . Besides talking about how these two met at SOFF 2024, hit it off, watched each other's screenings and collaborated in time to submit “Rob Roy” for the next year's festival, they also wanted to talk about their new project, Fifty. Enjoy! Follow Ren on Instagram at @reno91 Follow Enrique on Instagram at @djurban01 Learn more about Enrique at themendozaproject.com _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Discover Indie Film Links DIF Podcast Website – DIF Instagram – DIF BlueSky Discover Indie Film Foundation (nonprofit for the arts) Website Sherman Oaks Film Festival Film Invasion Los Angeles
Send us Fan MailSam Olivieri is the CEO of and has spent more than two decades expanding educational opportunity through leadership roles at GreatSchools, Entangled Solutions, and Guild Education. Daniel Halper is Co-Founder of Step Up Tutoring and leads Step Up AI Labs, where he develops AI-powered tools that help novice tutors deliver high-impact instruction at scale.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
Attraverso gli occhi del saggio - Non solo spettacolo - Lello Olivieri
"Cose di Calcio XL" con Antonio Paolino e Paolo Rossi. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu, chef Maurizio Olivieri.
In this episode of Sheep Fever, Gray Thornton sits down with Ricardo Olivieri of Beretta to explore what it means to represent a brand with over 500 years of history. Olivieri shares insight into Beretta's enduring philosophy, from its deep-rooted commitment to craftsmanship to the generational knowledge passed down through its workforce. The conversation offers a behind-the-scenes look at how a firearm moves from concept to completion, highlighting the precision, artistry, and innovation that define the brand. The episode also touches on Beretta's role in conservation, including a standout moment from the 2026 Sheep Show where a one-of-a-kind SO6 EELL Sparviere Marco Polo shotgun raised more than $500,000. Those funds are now supporting wild sheep conservation efforts through the ION Partnership across Idaho, Oregon, and Nevada—putting a 500-year legacy to work on the ground for wild sheep.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Riccardo Gambelli (scrittore), Malu Mpasinkatu, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Riccardo Gambelli (scrittore), Malu Mpasinkatu, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
chef Maurizio Olivieri su PRESTIGIO SOCIETA' - GIOCO SQUADRA - RINNOVI VLAHOVIC e SPALLETTI a "Cose di Calcio".
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Riccardo Gambelli (scrittore), Malu Mpasinkatu, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
chef Maurizio Olivieri su PRESTIGIO SOCIETA' - GIOCO SQUADRA - RINNOVI VLAHOVIC e SPALLETTI a "Cose di Calcio".
chef Maurizio Olivieri su PRESTIGIO SOCIETA' - GIOCO SQUADRA - RINNOVI VLAHOVIC e SPALLETTI a "Cose di Calcio".
Post-Gazette Pitt insiders Stephen Thompson and Abby Schnable break down the Panthers' offensive line situation heading into next season. This show is brought to you by FanDuel. Reports suggest an improved offensive line, but should we buy that after allowing the most sacks in the ACC last season? Why are Netinho Olivieri and Ryan Carretta names to watch? Will their additions as full-time starters make everyone better? Can Pat Narduzzi count on guys like Ryan Baer and BJ Williams to take steps forward? And how can QB Mason Heintschel help out with his decision making and mobility? Our duo tackles those topics and more. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"L'ora della Vecchia Signora" con Antnio Paolino. Ospiti: Chef Maurizio Olivieri, Luciano Moggi, da Instanbul: Camillo Demichelis.
"L'ora della Vecchia Signora" con Antnio Paolino. Ospiti: Chef Maurizio Olivieri, Luciano Moggi, da Instanbul: Camillo Demichelis.
The young stand out fills Sam in about her career thus far including playing in Liga MX Femenil and representing both Venezuela and her hometown club, the Houston Dash. Plus, what to expect from the the Boston Legacy's inaugural season.SUBSCRIBE TO THE WOMEN'S GAME NEWSLETTER: https://mibcourage.co/42X5HpBSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Marco Maccarini, Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Marco Maccarini, Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Marco Maccarini, Malu Mpasinkatu, Dott. Pasquale Gallo, Chef Maurizio Olivieri.
"Cose di Calcio" con Antonio Paolino. Ospiti: Tiziana (Pasticceria Luciano) , Malu Mpasinkatu, Pasquale Gallo, Maurizio Olivieri.
Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: clicca qui.➨ Iscrivetevi al nostro canale Telegram: clicca quiCol presente contributo, di quasi quattro ore e mezza complessive, proponiamo un approfondito focus sul disastro del Moby Prince, avvenuto il 10 aprile 1991, davanti al porto di Livorno. La prima registrazione, risalente al 25 luglio 2019, Senato della Repubblica, Palazzo della Minerva, documenta la presentazione del volume «Il caso Moby Prince. La strage impunita», di Francesco Sanna e Gabriele Bardazza.La seconda registrazione, risalente al 31 marzo 2016, documenta una seduta della Commissione parlamentare di inchiesta sulle cause del disastro del traghetto Moby Prince e reca l'Audizione di Enrico Fedrighini, giornalista e autore del volume «Moby Prince: un caso ancora aperto». La terza e ultima registrazione, risalente al 24 gennaio 2018, Sala Zuccari di Palazzo Giustiniani, documenta la Presentazione della relazione finale della Commissione parlamentare di inchiesta (2015-2018) sulle cause del disastro del traghetto Moby Prince. Tra gli altri, segnaliamo gli interventi di Angelo Chessa e Loris Rispoli, in rappresentanza dei parenti delle vittime del disastro.Tra gli argomenti toccati durante la prima registrazione: 1) Il tema delle «cose non vere» dette e scritte sul caso Moby Prince; 2) «Che cosa avvenne di inconfessabile nella rada di Livorno» quel 10 aprile 1991?; 3) Un caso «volutamente nascosto dai più importanti media»; 4) Il lavoro di una Commissione «che ha storicamente ribaltato il caso Moby Prince»; 6) «Non è vero che fu la nebbia la causa della collisione»; 7) «Non è vero che fu colpa dell'equipaggio e del comandante Chessa»; 8) «Non è vero che le persone» all'interno della nave «morirono tutte nell'arco di trenta minuti»; 9) Il tema del disinteresse, anche attuale, mostrato dai grandi media sulla vicenda e i lavori della Commissione; 10) «Perché i soccorsi non partirono per tempo?»; 11) «Lì c'è stata una omissione di soccorso»; 12) «L'equipaggio distratto dalla partita? Una post-verità nazionalpopolare abilmente costruita»; 13) «Arriverà qualche querela? Macché...»; 14) «Com'è possibile che uno Stato abbia abdicato alle sue funzioni di sicurezza e all'accertamento della verità?»; 15) Le parole «tombali» contenute nella richiesta di archiviazione della Procura di Livorno (2010); 16) Il tema delle navi militarizzate americane che «non aiutarono i soccorsi»Tra i temi toccati durante la seconda registrazione: 1) «Nessuno sapeva, quella sera, di essere registrato»; 2) «La nebbia? Non c'era, né prima né dopo» il disastro; 3) «Al momento della collisione la visibilità era perfetta»; 4) Le testimonianze degli ufficiali Thermes e Olivieri; 5) «Non è stato adottato alcun piano di soccorso». Il caso del capitano Roffi; 6) Il «canale riservato»; 7) «La prima cosa che succede» in rada a Livorno «è la fuga dal punto in cui c'è stata la collisione»; 8) La «misteriosa» nave Theresa; 9) «Le registrazioni radar? Nemmeno un banco di triglie sarebbe passato inosservato quella sera»; 10) «Querele? Non ho mai avuto alcun tipo di problema»; 11) «Difficile pensare a errori a catena che vanno tutti in una direzione specifica»; 12) Il «video Canu» e «il taglio-giunzione fatto in modo non professionale»; 13) Il tema dei mancati soccorsi; 14) Sulla «troppa fretta» usata per chiudere la vicendaTra gli argomenti toccati durante la terza registrazione: 1) Un puzzle da scomporre e ricomporre aggiungendo le (tante) tessere mancanti; 2) «La nebbia non c'era. Tutte le persone audite dalla Commissione, presenti prima dell'impatto, sulla costa e in mare, non confermano minimamente la nebbia»; 3) Sulla posizione della petroliera Agip Abruzzo; 4) «Se non è stata la nebbia, cos'è stato a generare l'impatto?»; 5) I video Canu e D'Alesio; 6) «Quella notte potevano esserci delle bettoline in giro»; 7) Il tema del «timone bloccato a 30°»; 8) «Le navi sono rimaste incastrate per più di cinque minuti»; 9) «La petroliera? Ha richiamato su di sé i soccorsi»; 10) L'emergenza a bordo; 11) «La Moby Prince non è stata cercata, è stata trovata casualmente»; 12) Quando la nave è stata trovata «non c'è stata una azione» per tentare «di spegnere il fuoco, si è subito rinunciato»; 13) Il tema della sopravvivenza a bordo. «Non è scientificamente possibile dire che siano morti tutti nel giro di mezz'ora»; 14) «La perizia medico-legale? Fu fatta solo per riconoscere le vittime, non per analizzare le cause della morte»; 15) Il superstite; 16) La provenienza della petroliera; 17) «Il carico della petroliera? L'ispezione non è stata permessa»; 18) Il tema degli accordi assicurativi; 19) Il percorso giudiziario; 20) «Non condividiamo le sentenze»Senato della Repubblica, reperto rilasciato con licenza Creative Commons 3.0
Jacopo Olivieri, Caterina Spiezio, Giovanni Gastaldi"Animali Superstar"Edizioni Lapiswww.edizionilapis.itCani nello spazio, pappagalli che parlano, maiali che dipingono, gorilla che comunicano, piccioni che salvano vite. Venti imprese sorprendenti che hanno trasformato i loro protagonisti in vere “superstar” dell'etologia.C'è Alex, il pappagallo il pappagallo che parlava davvero: sapeva nominare oggetti, contare, distinguere forme e colori, e ha insegnato agli scienziati che anche un uccello può pensare, ricordare, comprendere. Koko, la gorilla che comunicava con gli esseri umani attraverso la lingua dei segni, esprimendo affetto, rabbia, persino dolore.Hans, il cavallo che “rispondeva” ai calcoli e che, senza saperlo, ha rivelato come gli animali leggano i nostri gesti e le nostre emozioni.Belka e Strelka, le prime cagnoline tornate sane e salve dallo spazio, simbolo di coraggio e curiosità.E ancora Pigcasso, la scrofa artista le cui tele sono esposte e vendute in tutto il mondo, e Cher Ami, il piccione che salvò un battaglione durante la Prima guerra mondiale.Con la penna brillante di Jacopo Olivieri e l'esperienza scientifica di Caterina Spiezio, queste vite diventano racconti pieni di ritmo e scoperta, dove la realtà supera ogni fantasia. Storie autentiche, documentate, che mostrano quanto la vita animale sia ricca di intelligenza, sensibilità e sorpresa. Imprese incredibili ma vere, che uniscono scienza, avventura e meraviglia. Le illustrazioni di Giovanni Gastaldi, che combinano collage, disegno e materiali d'archivio, trasformano il libro in un album visivo che cattura lo sguardo e invita a esplorare.Un viaggio tra le pagine della storia e della scienza che accende la curiosità verso il mondo animale e spiega, con chiarezza e precisione, come gli animali si comportano e, soprattutto, perché fanno ciò che fanno, lasciando noi umani pieni di stupore.Età di lettura dai 10 anniJacopo OlivieriHa vissuto la sua infanzia tra la campagna veronese e la Costa D'Avorio. Creativo ‘‘a tutto tondo'', ha iniziato la sua carriera facendo il fumettista, ma anche l'illustratore, il cartoonist, lo scenografo e il costumista. Da molti anni si dedica alla narrativa per ragazzi in veste di autore, traduttore, editor e soggettista. Oggi pubblica con numerosi editori italiani ed è una delle penne di fortunate collane come i Classicini e i Grandissimi pubblicate da Edizioni EL.Caterina SpiezioÈ dottore di Ricerca in Psicobiologia grazie agli studi svolti in Madagascar sull'osservazione del comportamento di lemuri e ha all'attivo numerose pubblicazioni scientifiche. Come responsabile del Settore Ricerca e Conservazione nel Parco Natura Viva di Bussolengo (VR), si occupa del benessere degli animali ospitati e della loro reintroduzione in natura.Giovanni GastaldiÈ un giovane illustratore, grafico e fumettista piemontese. Laureato allo IED di Torino nel 2017, alumnus Mimaster 2021, vive tra le Alpi Marittime e le Langhe piemontesi nella sua Mondovì (CN). Lavora nell'illustrazione editoriale e nella grafica pubblicitaria collaborando con importanti riviste come The Economist, L'Espresso, La Stampa e Il Sole 24 Ore.Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarehttps://ilpostodelleparole.it/
Gabrielle Hamilton is the chef/owner of Prune restaurant in New York's East Village and is the author of the New York Times best-selling memoir Blood, Bones & Butter: The Inadvertent Education of a Reluctant Chef and the cookbook Prune. Her moving new memoir Next of Kin is an unflinching portrait of her dynamic family and its dramatic dissolution through death, betrayal, and time. It is a chef's memoir with barely any food but plenty of propulsive writing. Today on the show, Gabrielle shares how she wrote this deeply personal book, how Prune is operating as a private restaurant today, and much more. Also on the show, we catch up with Nicola Olivieri, the CEO of Italian bakery Olivieri 1882. The topic is panettone, which is one of our favorite holiday traditions. Nicola runs the bakery with his brother Andrea and has an amazing story about growing their business and making our favorite panettone around. The Wirecutter agrees. Subscribe to This Is TASTE: Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
On The Kenny & JT Show, Chad Bailey from Akron Auto Auction and akronautoauction.com stops by Robert Fife Stadium before our coverage of the Jackson/McKinley game to join Kenny, and he brings in Eric Johnson, coach of the Jackson freshman team along with his assistant Tony Olivieri.
Big news this week! OSG recaps the action against Seattle Reign and player movement from last week. Also previews a big game against Racing Louisville on the road and gives his thoughts on the transfer window. Timestamps: 0:40 Barbara Olivieri transferred to Boston Legacy 3:22 Zoe Matthews and Rebeca loaned to Dux Logroño in Spain for a year 6:35 Review: Seattle Reign 22:08 NWSL Roundup 25:20 Preview: Racing Louisville 34:55 Is Houston done for this transfer window? 39:47 Closing Credits: ⬢ Dash Dispatch is hosted by OSG and yours truly Andres Naranjo! ⬢ Support Foxtrot and read the blog on Ko-fi.com/DynamicFoxtrot. ⬢ Follow the fox on Twitter (@DynamicFoxtrot), Instagram (@dynamicfoxtrot), and Bluesky (@DynamicFoxtrot). ⬢ Subscribe to Foxtrot TV on YouTube and GOLZTV! ⬢ Thumbnail photo and game highlights provided by the Houston Dash, NWSL. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Welcome to the Orange & Blueprints Podcast — your go-to destination for all things Houston Dash and women's soccer in the Bayou City!The NWSL returns after a lengthy break filled with international competitions, and the crew is here to break it all down. From Bárbara Olivieri's performance in the Copa América Femenina to Michelle Alozie's triumph with Nigeria at the Africa Women's Cup of Nations, they cover all the key moments. Now, with league play resuming, the Houston Dash are set to face Bay FC this weekend. The team hopes the time off has helped them regroup and refocus as they make a final push for a playoff berth in the closing stretch of the season.From game highlights to player interviews, strategy breakdowns, and the latest news surrounding the Dash, we've got it all covered. We can't wait to share this season with you and keep you connected to the action on and off the field. Stay tuned for all things Houston Dash and women's soccer – it's going to be an unforgettable season!-And much more!-We invite you to follow us at Bayou City Soccer!-BayouCitySoccer.net-@BayouCitySoccer on Facebook, IG, and Twitter-Hosts:@Mannyvela4 on Twitter@duh_mart_media on IG-Again, BayouCitySoccer.net for everything.
Welcome to the Orange & Blueprints Podcast — your go-to destination for all things Houston Dash and women's soccer in the Bayou City!As the NWSL regular season nears its restart, the Houston Dash are ramping up with two friendly matches in Houston. The crew breaks down the key moments from those games and what they reveal about Fabrice Gautrat's squad as they gear up for a playoff push in the final stretch of the season. Several Dash players are also making their mark on the international stage, including Bárbara Olivieri and Michelle Alozie. The team takes a closer look at their performances and what their form abroad could mean for the Dash heading into the home stretch.From game highlights to player interviews, strategy breakdowns, and the latest news surrounding the Dash, we've got it all covered. We can't wait to share this season with you and keep you connected to the action on and off the field. Stay tuned for all things Houston Dash and women's soccer – it's going to be an unforgettable season!-And much more!-We invite you to follow us at Bayou City Soccer!-BayouCitySoccer.net-@BayouCitySoccer on Facebook, IG, and Twitter-Hosts:@Mannyvela4 on Twitter@duh_mart_media on IG-Again, BayouCitySoccer.net for everything.
What are the 4Qs? (1) Three favorite films. (2) An underrated film. (3) An overrated film. (4) A lesser-known film people should seek out. Ren Olivieri brought his film “The Trade” to the Sherman Oaks Film Festival in 2024, and took home the Programmer's Prize for Exceptional Filmmaking. As you may have learned if you listened to Ren's interview posted Monday, he's the type of filmmaker you just want to get to know better and better and naturally the best way to do that is to jump into the 4 Questions! Follow Ren on Instagram at @reno91 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Discover Indie Film Links DIF Podcast Website - DIF Instagram - DIF BlueSky Discover Indie Film Foundation (nonprofit for the arts) Website Sherman Oaks Film Festival Film Invasion Los Angeles
Happy Monday, Film Friends! Ren Olivieri brought his film “The Trade” to the Sherman Oaks Film Festival in 2024, coming down from Canada to represent the film he wrote, produced, and starred in. This smart, funny, wonderfully produced short also took home the Programmer's Prize for Exceptional Filmmaking. I also have to mention that Ren is one of those most excellent people who makes the most of the festival, coming to the Gala and closing night mixer, as well as catching many screenings. But that's not why I like this dude... the truth is that we started bonding via email when I confessed to him my involvement in fantasy sports and sealed the deal upon meeting in person. But even cooler than becoming friendly with me, Ren met filmmaker Enrique Mendoza at the SOFF Opening Night Gala and the two kit it off, watched each other's films at the fest, and then... collaborated on a film! For all I know it is in post at this point or even done! Ren is my kinda person! Follow him on Instagram at @reno91 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Discover Indie Film Podcast Links DIF Podcast Website - DIF Instagram - DIF BlueSky Discover Indie Film Foundation (nonprofit for the arts) Links DIF Foundation - Sherman Oaks Film Festival - Film Invasion Los Angeles
"Part of restoring nature - a really important part - is making sure that everyone has equal access to it."The National Trust is now arguably one of Britain's most ambitious and important nature charities. It now has plans for restoring nature on an area larger than Greater London.In this episode Ben Goldsmith is joined by the Chair of the National Trust, Rene Olivieri, who has been huge voice for nature in the organisation. Ben Goldsmith is a British financier and rewilding enthusiast. Join him as he speaks to people from all over the world who champion nature and are helping to restore habitats and wildlife to some of the most nature depleted parts of our planet.This podcast is produced by The Podcast Coach.Text Rewilding the World here. Let us know what you think of the podcast and if there are any rewilding projects you would love Ben to feature in future episodes. The Conservation Collective support locally-led environmental Foundations around the world. Together we'll protect and restore the wild places we know and love.
WBO President Gustavo Olivieri joins Brunch Boxing to discuss becoming President of the WBO, what plans the organization has for the future, and the current state of WBO boxing across the divisions. Read the latest news at Brunch BoxingThoughts or questions? Email us at brunchboxingqa@gmail.comHosts: Matt, and EzRawSpecial Guest: Gustavo OlivieriSocial: MikeProducer: Huey
This week's guest is WBO President Gustavo Olivieri, Esq. Topics we discuss:-First 90 days as President-Revamping the Annual WBO conference-Update on Sam Goodman's mandatory position-Judge evaluation with scoring and what it could mean for those bad scorecards- Using the sanctioning fees to benefit the fighters payingand so much more.Don't forget to like, subscribe and comment on the YT page.Looking to bet on the fights this upcoming weekend?Head over to my dedicated page at signupexpert.com/fightsATW to sign up to some of boxing's best sportsbooks.
Comment on the Show by Sending Mark a Text Message.This episode is part of my initiative to provide access to important court decisions impacting employees in an easy to understand conversational format using AI. The speakers in the episode are AI generated and frankly sound great to listen to. Enjoy! What if a groundbreaking law could redefine how we handle sexual harassment claims in the workplace? Join us as we unravel the gripping case of Olivieri v. Stiefel, a corporate drama wrapped in legal intrigue and power struggles. Patricia Olivieri, a former client services associate, is not just fighting against alleged sexual harassment but is also challenging the constraints of her prior arbitration agreement, thanks to the new Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act (EFAA). Discover how this pivotal legislation might enable her to bypass arbitration and take her allegations of misconduct and retaliation straight to court, setting a legal precedent that could impact corporate accountability across the nation.In this episode, we dive deep into the allegations against Olivieri's manager, Neil Eiler, whose inappropriate behavior pushed Olivieri to her limits. From graphic discussions to unwanted physical contact, her journey through reporting and retaliation reveals a complex narrative of workplace harassment. As Stiefel's internal investigation unfolds, led by HR's Zach Anderson, we explore the nuances of legal accrual and the implications of the EFAA on Olivieri's case, especially after her return from maternity leave. This episode promises to shed light on how these developments could transform workplace harassment litigation, exposing the tensions and tactics within corporate walls.Click here to read the case decision Olivieri v. Stifel, Nicolaus & Co. 112 F.4th 74 (2d Cir. 2024)The Second Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed a lower court's decision in Olivieri v. Stifel, rejecting the defendants' motion to compel arbitration. The case centers on whether the Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act (EFAA) applies to the plaintiff's claims of retaliatory hostile work environment. The court determined that the plaintiff's claims, which accrued after the EFAA's enactment due to the continuing violation doctrine, fall under the EFAA's purview, thus rendering the arbitration agreement unenforceable. The court addressed and rejected arguments concerning the EFAA's retroactive application and the definition of "sexual harassment dispute." The ruling confirms the plaintiff's right to pursue her case in federal court. If you enjoyed this episode of the Employee Survival Guide please like us on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn. We would really appreciate if you could leave a review of this podcast on your favorite podcast player such as Apple Podcasts. Leaving a review will inform other listeners you found the content on this podcast is important in the area of employment law in the United States. For more information, please contact our employment attorneys at Carey & Associates, P.C. at 203-255-4150, www.capclaw.com.Disclaimer: For educational use only, not intended to be legal advice.
When COVID changed the world, actress Dawn Olivieri (Yellowstone) embarked on a life-altering journey. Leaving Hollywood behind, she moved to the rugged landscapes of Arkansas, where she felt called to start something truly transformative: Moon Mountain Sanctuary. What began as a leap into the unknown soon became a powerful mission to rescue horses from kill pens, creating a haven where they could live in peace and safety. Dawn didn't ease her way into animal rescue—she threw herself in, heart and soul, saving an entire herd from the start. Her story is a testament to resilience, passion, and the belief that when you follow your intuition, it often leads you exactly where you're meant to be. Through heartache, grit, and unwavering dedication, Dawn has reimagined what's possible for horse rescue, offering new hope in an industry where every saved life matters. This episode is a must-listen for anyone who believes in second chances, purpose-driven work, and the healing power of animals. I can't wait for you to hear her remarkable story. www.furrealpodcast.com www.moonmountainsanctuaryandandrescue.com fb The Fur Real Podcast fb Moon Mountain Sanctuary and Rescue fb Markakyle fb Dawn Olivieri ig @thefurrealpodcast ig @moon_mountain_sanctuary ig @markakyle ig @dawnolivieri tiktok @thefurrealpodcast tiktok @moonmountainsanctuaryandrescue Speical thanks to J Jig Cicero @jjigcicero for our music intro and outro..you rock!!! Special thanks to Jake Olson jfolson.music@gmail.com for awesome sound editing and to our supporters: www.prepvet.com Stem cells for pets
Send us a textBreve reseña de la 226ava. Reunión de Asamblea General PC(USA)Co Moderadora Vilmarie Cintrón OlivieriConfronting Christian Zionism webinars.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kQcQBuKwWhEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqnTnEj162w 226th General Assembly in Briefhttps://www.pcusa.org/site_media/media/uploads/oga/pdf/ga226_inbrief_lettersized.pdfFor Listening Guides, click here!Got a question for us? Send them to faithpodcast@pcusa.org! A Matter of Faith website
Listen to coverage of GifterX Talks in Miami, Florida. In this episode, Adam Torres interviews Jorge Olivieri, Serial Entrepreneur and Host of Meat & Cigars Podcast, explore podcasting and being an entrepreneur. Follow Adam on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/ Visit our website: https://missionmatters.com/ More FREE content from Mission Matters here: https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia
Welcome to Orange Talk, a player segment of the Bayou City Soccer Podcast! We got to chat with Houston Dash midfielder, Barbara Olivieri as she has recently extended her stay in Houston and learn more about the current state of the club.-And much more!-We invite you to follow us at Bayou City Soccer!-BayouCitySoccer.net-@BayouCitySoccer on Facebook, IG, and Twitter-Hit us up using our hashtag #AskBCS-Hosts: Dustyn Richardson-Guest: Barbara Olivieri@barb.olivieri on IG-Again, BayouCitySoccer.net for everything.
Today With John DeLuca and Agata Olivieri: In this episode of the Bound by Business series, host Jessica Harling chats with Agata Olivieri and John DeLuca of Maple Drapery and Carpet. With over 50 years of family business history, they share how they transformed their parents' 1972 startup into a successful window treatment empire in Concord, Canada. Agata and John discuss defining their roles, achieving work-life balance, and managing family dynamics in business. They offer insights on building a diverse team, leadership transitions, and maintaining family values in a professional environment. This conversation is filled with valuable lessons for family businesses and entrepreneurs in the window treatment industry and beyond. More About John DeLuca and Agata Olivieri Maple Drapery & Carpet is a family-owned business specializing in high-quality, custom window treatments and flooring solutions. With a commitment to craftsmanship and personalized service, they offer a wide range of drapery, blinds, and carpets tailored to each client's unique style and needs. Their experienced team works closely with customers from consultation to installation, ensuring a seamless experience that transforms living spaces with elegance and functionality. Maple Drapery & Carpet prides itself on blending artistic design with meticulous attention to detail. John Di Luca is the dedicated owner and head of sales at Maple Drapery & Carpet. With a background in electronic engineering, John chose to join the family business, where his passion for design and commitment to quality have flourished. His attention to detail and ability to foresee issues with challenging windows are key assets that drive the company's success. John's technical expertise, combined with his hands-on approach, ensures that the production of every project is executed with precision. Agata Olivieri is the business management lead and designer sales expert at Maple Drapery & Carpet. With a dual background in business and design, Agata brings a unique blend of strategic insight and creative flair to the company. Her ability to manage operations efficiently while building strong relationships with designers has been instrumental in the business's growth. Agata loves to sketch out design treatments for clients, helping them visualize the final results and ensuring that every project reflects their personal style and needs. Connect with John DeLuca and Agata Olivieri Website Facebook Instagram More About Jessica Harling With unwavering conviction, Jessica Harling can break down complex decisions to simplify an action plan. Her dynamic problem-solving can confront potential obstacles proactively and energize any team, making others feel valued to achieve their ambitious company goals. She is the founder of Behind the Design, a People Operations company that enthusiastically collaborates with leadership to build dream teams! From recruiting to training and process development, their intuition for creating strong emotional connections discovers and nurtures rockstar talent with established streamlined processes that impact the company's bottom line. Connect with Jessica Harling Website Instagram Facebook What's new with LuAnn Nigara The Power Talk Friday Tour Watch the Docuseries! http://www.luannnigara.com/cob Connect with LuAnn Nigara LuAnn's Website LuAnn's Blog Power Talk Friday Like Us: Facebook | Tweet Us: Twitter | Follow Us: Instagram | Listen Here: Podcast Other Resources Mentioned Exciting Windows! CEO Conference Sun Shading Expo 2024 (You can redeem our VIP code SSENA24LUANN when registering to get a FREE Show Floor registration) Other Shows Mentioned WTFP #282: Bound By Business: Like Mother, Like Son. Debbie Hall and Trent Hall WTFP #280: Bound By Business: Sisters in Business. Lindsay and Heather Madonia
Laura Olivieri, MD, director of Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging at UPMC Children's Hospital Pittsburgh, discusses how the field of cardiac imaging has changed, utilizing less invasive techniques that improve patient care, and what's to come as the field continues to evolve.
Enlaces Regionales para el Caribe con Misión Mundial Presbiteriana.For Listening Guides, click here!Got a question for us? Send them to faithpodcast@pcusa.org! A Matter of Faith website
Summary:30 years ago, Death of a Salesman and The Crucible seemed to be two of the few plays from American literature that had made it to the top of every highschool's “must read” list.In an era of an ever-widening wealth gap and a pervasive, savage bigotry fueled by ignorance and Trump—Miller's two seminole works may be more relevant than ever. Yet, how many students in the Class of 2024 recognize his work, much less his name?In episode #138 of The Author's Corner, Robin is joined by master carpenter Marc Olivieri, who is doing his part to ensure that we remember the life and legacy of Arthur Miller. In this episode, Marc shares fascinating stories about Arthur Miller, whom Marc knew personally for many years before Miller's death in 2005. He tells us about the Arthur Miller Writing Studio preservation project and why it is so important that we preserve the landmark, and others like it. And he shares how you, listener, can help support their endeavor! Key takeaways:The exciting story of how Marc met Aruthur MillerMarc's journey in preserving the Arthur Miller Writing StudioThe importance of preserving historical monumentsThe influence of artists in our societyThe relevance of Arthur Miller's workHow to engage the community to support preservation projectsFascinating peeks into Arthur Miller's lifeAnd more!Resources mentioned in this episode:The event held at the Arthur Miller Writing Studio: Guilty Until Proven Innocent: False Confession and Wrongful ConvictionThe Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectLink to donate to the Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectUT Austin archives of Arthur MillerSome of Arthur Miller's most notable works: The CrucibleDeath of a SalesmanAbout Marc Olivieri:Marc Olivieri is a master carpenter, mason, builder, construction manager, and has been responsible for major historic, residential, archeological, and industrial restoration projects in Germany, Italy, and the United States. A long time Roxbury resident and member of the board of directors at the Roxbury Land Trust, he is construction manager in Connecticut for the Calder Foundation. Marc's relationship with the Arthur Miller Writing Studio dates from 1981. Spread the word:LinkedInTwitterInstagramFacebook
Summary:30 years ago, Death of a Salesman and The Crucible seemed to be two of the few plays from American literature that had made it to the top of every highschool's “must read” list.In an era of an ever-widening wealth gap and a pervasive, savage bigotry fueled by ignorance and Trump—Miller's two seminal works may be more relevant than ever. Yet, how many students in the Class of 2024 recognize his work, much less his name?In episode #138 of The Author's Corner, Robin is joined by master carpenter Marc Olivieri, who is doing his part to ensure that we remember the life and legacy of Arthur Miller. In this episode, Marc shares fascinating stories about Arthur Miller, whom Marc knew personally for many years before Miller's death in 2005. He tells us about the Arthur Miller Writing Studio preservation project and why it is so important that we preserve the landmark, and others like it. And he shares how you, listener, can help support their endeavor! Key takeaways:The exciting story of how Marc met Aruthur MillerMarc's journey in preserving the Arthur Miller Writing StudioThe importance of preserving historical monumentsThe influence of artists in our societyThe relevance of Arthur Miller's workHow to engage the community to support preservation projectsFascinating peeks into Arthur Miller's lifeAnd more!Resources mentioned in this episode:The event held at the Arthur Miller Writing Studio: Guilty Until Proven Innocent: False Confession and Wrongful ConvictionThe Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectLink to donate to the Arthur Miller Writing Studio projectUT Austin archives of Arthur MillerSome of Arthur Miller's most notable works: The CrucibleDeath of a SalesmanAbout Marc Olivieri:Marc Olivieri is a master carpenter, mason, builder, construction manager, and has been responsible for major historic, residential, archeological, and industrial restoration projects in Germany, Italy, and the United States. A long time Roxbury resident and member of the board of directors at the Roxbury Land Trust, he is construction manager in Connecticut for the Calder Foundation. Marc's relationship with the Arthur Miller Writing Studio dates from 1981. Spread the word:LinkedInTwitterInstagramFacebook
Last time we spoke about the battle of Beijing. General Gaselee and the 8 nation alliance began a grand march upon Beijing. They fought numerous battles at places like Beicang and Yangcun utterly routing the Qing and Boxer forces. The road to Beijing was laid bare open to them, lest it not be for the extreme summer heat which took the lives of many. The Russians attempted to outrace everyone else to Beijing, but quickly bit off more than they could chew. Ultimately the British were the first ones to enter the foreign legations. The besieged foreigners in the legations had been met with a last ditch effort by the Qing to overrun them, but they held on for dear life. Now Beijing was being occupied by the 8 nation alliance. What was to become of the Qing officials, of Empress Dowager Cixi? How would justice be served? #67 The Boxer Rebellion part 7: The Boxer Protocol Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Usually you would assume the story was won and done. The 8 national alliance was flooding into Beijing, as they say “the cavalry had arrived”, but it was not over. The next day of August 15th saw more violence. The French deployed 4 artillery pieces onto the Tartar wall and began bombarding the pink walls of the Imperial City. Meanwhile General Chaffee was mounting an assault upon the Imperial city alongside the American forces who were battering their way through a series of courtyards trying to get to the Imperial Cities southern gate. Their ultimate objective was the Forbidden City. When it seemed they were within reach of the Forbidden City, suddenly General Chaffee commanded a withdrawal. The commanders had been arguing at a conference and they all agreed that the 8 nation alliance should take a more conciliatory approach towards the Qing government. Everyone was wondering whether the Emperor and Empress Dowager remained within the Forbidden city. If there was to be a conciliation at all, they would be needed. Rumors began to emerge stating if the Empress Dowager were still in the city, she would most likely commit suicide rather than be taken prisoner. Lenox Simpson was trying to investigate the situation, riding up to the Imperial City where he discovered a terrified Eunuch huddled in a Qing guardhouse in the outer wall. He asked the eunuch how many forces guarded the Forbidden city and the whereabouts of the Emperor and Empress Dowager. The Eunuch blurted out “The Emperor, the Empress Dowager, and indeed, the whole Court, had disappeared—had fled, was gone.” There are countless tales of how it occurred, the dramatic flight of the Qing court. It is most likely the decision to flee Beijing came about in the early hours of August 15th. One account given by magistrate Wu Yung claimed he helped the Empress Dowager flee. Cixi was disguised in dark blue clothes of a Chinese peasant woman, they even clipped her nails, go google a picture of Cixi, imagine clipping those things haha. Allegedly Cixi told Wu Yung as she was hastily grabbing some personal belongs “Who would have thought it would come to this?” Of the things she hastily grabbed, one was a precious bloodstone that she believed protect her through all dangers. She boarded one of three wooden carts, and Cixi forcefully grabbed the emperor not allowing him to be taken as a hostage, alongside her niece and the heir apparent. The Imperial concubines were forbidden to accompany them and made tearful farewell. It is said Emperor Guangxu's favorite concubine begged to take her with him, prompting Cixi who hated the girl to demand she be tossed down a well. Apparently the Eunuchs rolled the poor girl up in a carpet and literally tossed her down a well in front of Emperor Guangxu, which is hardcore? Another account has it that Cixi tricked the girl by telling her “We will all stay where we are, but we cannot allow ourselves to be taken alive by Western barbarians. There is only one way out for you and me—we must both die. It is easy. You go first—I promise to follow you.” Then the Eunuch tossed her in the well, one other account has the Eunuchs simply tossing the girl down the well after the imperial party departed because they didn't like her. Can't help but picture Varies from GOT leading eunuchs to get revenge on a royal family haha. Empress Dowager Cixi had fled the Imperial city once before, in fact 40 years prior during the 2nd opium war. Was a symbolic moment. Back then she had apparently told the Emperor to stay in the city lest the British and French raze Beijing to the ground, this time she did the opposite. On August 10th, Cixi had made an imperial decree ordering General Jung Lu and some other Qing officials to remain in Beijing and maintain the government in exile. The royal party fled through roads filled with others fleeing the city. Their eunuch planners assumed they would buy provisions along the way, but when they entered the countryside they found it completely devastated. On August 17th the royal party made it to the small town of Huailai, north of Beijing. The Boxers and disaffected troops had devastated the town so much, there was only a bowl of millet and green bean porridge to serve the Empress Dowager. Apparently to this she said to her host “In time of distress this is enough. Can I at this time say what is good and what is not good?” From Huailai they traveled to Kalgan and Tatung, near the Mongolian plateau, before they turned towards Taiyuan. Now being so far from Beijing they felt safer and thus instead of conducting themselves under the guise as peasants they now openly showed themselves and told people they were performing an official tour of inspection. It is said by Wu Yung the empress dowager enjoyed talking to him and told him “talk as you please”, and she herself took a large interest in talking to locals and visiting temples and attractions. Wu Yung theorized she had been cooped up for so long in the imperial city, the outside world fascinated her. The mule litters were replaced with sedan chairs, Cixi began wearing luxurious Manchu garb and regrew her fingernails. Soon the royal party were issuing edicts and receiving reports on the situation of the court in Beijing. Countless governors, viceroys and other Qing officials flocked to pay respects and tribute to the royal party. They stayed in Taiyuan for 3 weeks at the home of Yuxiang where he boasted to Cixi of how many foreigners he executed. However the Taiyuan massacre meant the foreigners might come to the city for revenge, so the royal party continued southwest towards Sian, the old capital of the Tang dynasty. This was territory held by General Dong Fuxiang whose troops were the primary ones escorting the royal party. It was under Dong Fuxiang's protection the royal party now hunkered down for winter. It is said Guangxu's nephew began drawing pictures of demons and would often sketch a large tortoise with the name Yuan Shikai on its back. You see the tortoise was a symbol of homosexuality, thus it was to insult Yuan Shikai who was seen as an enemy who betrayed Guangxu. It is also said Guangxu took the pictures, hung them up on walls and fired crossbows at them. Personally this story to me sounds like an author giving a bit of foreshadowing flavor, for Yuan Shikai would perform even greater betrayals later on. Indeed Yuan Shikai is kind of a meme on my personal channel, over there I have to the point of me writing this script, covered 1830-1932 thus far for Chinese-Japanese history. Yuan Shikai is a behemoth when it comes to the formation of modern day China and honestly his story is interesting to say the least. If you ever want to jump into the future, just check out my content at the Pacific War channel on the Xinhai revolution and China's warlord era episodes, or better yet the full China warlord documentary that encompasses pretty much all of it. Anyways. Back over in Beijing, news of the flight of the Qing court was not met with surprise by the foreigners. Now the foreigners were uncertain what to do next. For some it was a bit reminiscent of Napoleon's arrival to a deserted Moscow, without the highest ranking Qing officials, what could they do? Meanwhile, one place that was still under threat was Peitang. Over at the Peitang Cathedral the foreigners had been fighting for their lives the entire time. When news emerged that the foreign legations had been rescued, everyone in the Cathedral at Peitang rejoiced awaiting their own rescue. The Cathedral was the only Christian building within the Imperial city that was able to hold on and defend itself. It was a miracle they managed to do so. The commander of 30 French marines sent by Pichon on June 1st to help out at Peitang was Lt Paul Henry. At the age of just 23, Bishop Favier had to say of his conduct “he was as pious as he is brave— a true Breton.” Henry had been given an impossible task, to defend an area with around 1400 yards of wall 12-15 feet high with a tiny amount of troops. Henry had the men dig trenches, erect parapets, and used the Cathedral as a last stronghold if they were overrun. The first week of June saw fires erupt throughout the capital and gunfire could be heard everywhere. Bishop Favier looked out from the top of the cathedral to see on the 13th and 14th churches and cathedrals in Beijing being razed to the ground. Refugees poured into Peitang Cathedral more and more, and on the 15th a group of Catholic sisters and children were running from Boxers to the cathedral with Favier giving this account of the scene “Their leader, on horse, is a lama or bonze [priest]; he precedes an immense red flag, surrounded by young Boxers who have undergone the incantations and are likewise dressed in red. They burned perfumed sticks, prostrated themselves on entering our street to the south, and then advanced in compact bands”. The French marines allowed them to reach 200 yards from the barricades before unleashing a volley wounded 50 and sending them fleeing. By June 18th, Henry worried about enemy artillery and tried to fortify the defenses more so. On the 20th, news of von Kettelers death came, Pichon sent a message to Favier, there was no hope of fleeing Beijing. 3420 people, two thirds of which were women and children were trapped in Peitang. Their defenses were comically small, 30 French and a dozen Italian marines, whose commander was Lt Olivieri aged 25. The able bodied Chinese christians volunteered to bolster the forces, making spears, brandishing some knives and a few were given rifles by the marines. June 22nd saw Krupp guns firing upon Peitang shattering windows and sending bricks flying. The main gate to Peitang was being battered by shells. Lt Henry led a sortie of 4 marines and 30 Chinese christians to seize the artillery piece hitting the main gate. They managed to seize it, losing 2 Chinese in the process. The next day simply saw more artillery bombardment. By the 26th, all the buildings near Peitang were ablaze and Boxers were seen erecting ladders and scaffoldings against the walls. The defenders were being pot shotted at every day. On the 27th Henrys second in command Jouannic was shot in the shoulder and would die 3 days later. By July 1st the defenders of Peitang began to eat mule and horse as they ran out of vegetables. Smallpox broke out amongst the children, by July 3rd 15 were dying per day. The french marines began making scarecrows to help against snipers. It turned out the watchmakers amongst their Chinese christians were capable of creating cartridges for Mausers and other guns. The defenders were able to manufacture powder for cannons with things they seized from the surrounding enemy during sorties. The men fired only 100 rounds per day, Henry noted on July 5th 13 rounds were only fired, on the 14th 74. Famine was more threatening than lack of ammunition. On July 6th Henry checked rations and estimated they could hold out for 20 days. The Boxers began manufacturing exploding missiles that they lobbed at the cathedral. These were a sort of fire pot, a container carrying around three pounds of gunpowder with long fuses. On a single day the Boxers tossed more than 250 of these, but the defenders ingeniously put buckets, casks and even bathtubs full of water everywhere to fight the emerging fires. The Qing artillery smashed the cathedrals clock tower and walls without mercy. On July 18th, the defenders were countermining when a mine exploded killing 25 and injuring 28. One French marine described the carnage “where bits of waste meat were being dragged out, fragments of flesh and severed limbs were spattered about and part of someone's chest was smashed against a wall”. Qing troops atop the Imperial City walls fired down upon the defenders at all times. By July 28th rations were a meager 8 ounces of food per day. On July 30th the Qing assaulted the north wall, setting the cathedral roof on fire. Henry tried rallying the men and took a bullet in the neck and another into his side. Henry died in the arms of a priest 20 minutes later and was buried beneath a statue of Our Lady of Lourdes in the Cathedral garden. Olivieri took command after his death. The Qing and Boxers seemed emboldened and began firing arrows with messages to the Christian Chinese urging them to abandon the foreigners and return to the old ways. “You, Christians, shut up in the Pei-tang, reduced to the greatest misery, eating leaves of trees, why do you resist? We have leveled cannon and set mines against you, and you will be destroyed in a short time. You have been deceived by the devils of Europe; return to the ancient religion . . . deliver up Bishop Favier and the others, and you will have saved your lives, and we will give you to eat. If you do not do so, you, your wives and children, will all be cut into pieces.” It is said the Boxers believed Bishop Favier was a demon who was using an invulnerability spell by smearing menstrual blood over his faced and nailing naked women and dead fetuses to the Cathedral walls. They also believed the foreigners posed a weapon called “the ten thousand woman flag” woven from female pubic hair which stole power from the Boxer gods. Gotta hand it to their imagination. Despite the messages, the Chinese Christians stayed put. By August 2nd the besieged were starving and began trying to capture stray dogs to eat. On August 5th, Favier wrote this “we can resist balls, bullets, and bombs, but there is no defense against famine.” On August 10th, 400 pounds of rice and a mule were all that remained. Favier was forced to send Christian Chinese out in desperation to try and reach the foreign legation for help. Many were flayed, beheaded and put in spikes near Peitang. On August 12th a violent explosion shook Peitang a giant mine had gone off causing a crater 7 yards deep and 40 yards wide. It buried 5 Italian marines with Olivieri and 80 Chinese. Olivieri recounted being saved with the burial “They succeeded in uncovering one of my hands, and finding it still warm, redoubled their efforts until my whole body was free”. However his men were mutilated and dying. The mine had caused a large breach in the wall and the enemy could easily have stormed Peitang, but they didn't. Another mine went off the following day, but the enemy did not storm Peitang. Just when it seemed they were all going to die on August 14th the defender heard Boxers scream out “The devils from Europe are approaching!” The Boxers were also screaming at the defenders of Peitang that they would all be massacred before their rescuers got to them. But Oliveiri and the defenders watch as Qing banners were lowered from walls, Qing soldiers and Boxers were beginning to flee. By 5pm they saw europeans on the walls waving an american flag. The defenders waited for their rescue on August 15th, but no one was coming. Olivieri worried the relief force had been repelled. Then suddenly Japanese troops climbed over the walls and stormed into Peitang. Olivieri rushed over shouting “we are saved!”. The other members of the 8 nation alliance were rather shocked by the actions of the Japanese, Peitang was a French responsibility. The French force that entered Beijing however was too small to fight their way to Peitang. As General Frey noted “What was our surprise to see ahead of us between 250 and 300 Japanese whose presence nobody could explain.” The Japanese without any fuss simply did the deed on their own merit. Peitang saw 400 people including 166 children die during the siege, unlike the fight for the legations Peitang never had a single day of rest. There was no truce for Peitang, the defenders fought every single day. As Favier assessed the damage in Beijing he had this to say “In Pekin, three churches, seven large chapels, the colleges, hospitals—all are destroyed. . . . The Peitang . . . damaged by shells, is the only building undestroyed. . . . In short, the ruin is almost entire, the work of forty years is nearly annihilated; the courage of missionaries, nevertheless, is not on the wane; we shall begin over again.” As Bishop Favier wandered Beijing, he estimated perhaps 30,000 catholics had been killed. News emerged that 200 foreign nuns, priests, missionaries and their family members had been murdered. Half the population of Beijing fled in terror as the foreign armies flooded in. Many Qing officials committed suicide, many Chinese women with bound feet likewise did so. The special correspondent of the Daily Telegraph, Dr. E.J Dillon wrote “Chinese women honestly believed that no more terrible fate could overtake them than to fall alive into the hands of Europeans and Christians. It is to be feared that they were right.” Dillon personally saw the corpses of women who had been raped and bayoneted to death. Luella Miner within the foreign legation had this to say of the matter “The conduct of the Russian soldiers is atrocious, the French are not much better, and the Japanese are looting and burning without mercy.... Women and girls by hundreds have committed suicide to escape a worse fate at the hands of Russian and Japanese brutes. Our American soldiers saw them jumping into the river and into wells, in Tungchow. Twelve girls in one well, and one mother was drowning two of her little children in a large water jar.” Roger Keyes added his own account “Every Chinaman . . . was treated as a Boxer by the Russian and French troops, and the slaughter of men, women, and children in retaliation was revolting.” A British officer, Major Luke, told Keyes that “he had never seen anything more horrible, and some of his young Marines were literally sick”. Lenox Simpson stated he say British Indian forces molesting female Chinese christians until they were flogged by some foreign women. It is said the Japanese had planned ahead of time for the situation. According to Roger Keyes “their Government had wisely taken the precaution of sending their ‘regimental wives' [prostitutes] with them, and they were established in houses at Tientsin and Peking directly the troops settled down”. The first days of the occupation saw indiscriminate looting and rape by all nationalities. The allied commander in chief von Waldersee who only arrived in late september wrote “Every nationality accords the palm to some other in respect to the art of plundering, but it remains the fact that each and all of them went in hot and strong for plunder.” On August 18th all the diplomats and military commanders met at the Russian legation to discuss how to go about reprisals against the Qing. The Germans argued for severe punishment because of Von Kettelers murder, they wanted a punitive expedition and to raze the Imperial city. The Russians favored a more conciliatory line in northern China, but of course something I have not talked about was going on, the Russians had basically invaded Manchuria. One thing they all agreed upon was an enormous victory parade through the Imperial City, a grand humiliation. Each nation scrambled to be the first in the parade, the Russians argued they had the largest force, which was a lie, it was the Japanese. There are countless photographs of the foreign armies in the city and of the parade, but to give a brief description on August 28th George Morrison stated “the appearance of the French troops, complaining that there was every excuse for their uniforms to be dirty but that the faces of many of the men should be so too was quite inexcusable. The French looked singularly decadent in blue dungaree and that their commander, General Frey, was small and pot-bellied. He thought the Cossacks were “heavy” and “rough” but that the Germans looked “splendid” and the Japanese officers “very smart.” The British, by contrast, looked ather “rag tag and bobtail.” The dignity of the occasion was further undermined by the ineptitude of the Russian band, which could not keep pace with eight successive national anthems and found itself blasting out the “Marseillaise” as the Italians marched past the saluting base”. An army of eunuchs escorted by Qing officials brought the foreigners into the Forbidden city which saw looting. Indeed the looting of the capital of China by the 8 nation alliance is probably one of the largest looting accounts in human history, one of the sources I am using has an entire chapter dedicated to only story accounts of what was stolen and by whom, but its simply too much to delve into. Many museums today hold stolen items from this event. Within 24 hours of taking the city not a race of Boxers existed. There was a wild Boxer hunt that saw much horror. Daily executions occurred as described to us by George Morrison “The execution and the long drawn out neck. The butcher with his apron. The executioner tearing open his long coat—the grunt as he brought down the knife—the dogs lapping up the blood—the closeness of the head to the ground, the face nearly touching.” Apparently the Germans got their prisoners to dig their own trench before being shot in the back of the head. During september the allies were awaiting the arrival of von Waldersee, but a number of military operations were mounted against Boxer strongholds in the Beijing region. Von Waldersee arrived to Beijing in October assuming command and established his HQ in Cixi's palace in the forbidden city. Von Waldersee decided punitive expeditions needed to be increased and Germany began taking the lead in several dozen. The countryside was butchered in a wild hunt for Boxers. Civilians, Qing soldiers, Qing officials, just about anyone faced numerous foreign troops who killed or abused them. Von Waldersee faced a more daunting task however, peace negotiations. There was a mutual distrust amongst the nations and conflicts broke out often. Li Hongzhang, poor old Li Hongzhang and Prince Qing were appointed the imperial plenipotentiary powers and only arrived in Beijing in October. The first meeting was held on Christmas Eve between them and the foreign ministers. Li Hongzhang was not present due to illness. The foreign ministers questioned whether the Qing plenipotentiaries were even real agents of the Emperor or Qing government in exile. Prince Qing managed to convince them he held authority. The allies pondered if the dynasty should change, but it was quickly apparent the Manchu would never allow for such a thing. All the ministers agreed the Manchu dynasty should remain on the throne. Then they pondered punishment of the guilty and a large indemnity on behalf of the Qing dynasty. The indemnity fee first brought up was 67,500,000 roughly 4.3 or so billion dollars by todays figures. The Americans argued it was far too high and would bankrupt China. American secretary of state John Hay sent a telegram to the great powers stating “America's policy was to bring permanent safety and peace to China and to preserve China's territorial integrity”. Von Waldersee would go on the record to say “the United States it seems to desire that nobody shall get anything out of China.” However on May 26th an imperial edict announced that the indemnity payment would be 67,500,000$ to be paid in full over 39 years. The sum was to be distributed as follows: Russia 28.97%, Germany 20.02%, France 15.75%, Britain 11.25%, Japan 7.73%, United States 7.32%, Italy 7.32%, Belgium 1.89%, Austria-Hungary 0.89%, Netherlands 0.17%, Spain 0.03%, Portugal 0.021%, Sweden and Norway 0.014%. The payment by the way would only be amortized on December 31st of 1940. Now the negotiations for punishments were a lot more complicated. The allies first wanted to see the executions of prominent pro-Boxer officials, which Empress Dowager Cixi wanted to avoid. Cixi made many counter proposals, but eventually was forced to hand over some officials. Yuxiang, the mastermind behind the Taiyuan massacre was reportedly executed, though notably there is a myth he simply went into exile. Qing official Ying Nien straggled himself, some other officials apparently were killed by having their mouths and nostrils stuffed with rice paper by eunuchs, which is a pretty weird one I must say, many were poisoned. Prince Duan and his brother escaped the death penalty and were exiled to Turkestan. Dong Fuxiang was too powerful to kill much to the dismay of the foreigners. Indeed his Muslim army in the northwest was the bulwark at the time, all he suffered was a demotion, but in reality he was now a major leading figure. Over 100 Qing officials were executed or exiled in the end. A peace treaty containing 12 articles was signed in the Spanish legation on September 7th of 1901 known as the Boxer Protocol. The Qing were prohibited from importing arms and ammunition for 2 years; the Taku forts were ordered to be destroyed; the legation quarters would receive special status; Boxers and Qing officials who had supported them would face justice; the Zongli Yamen was replaced with a foreign office; the Qing government was to prohibit under the pain of death, any membership for anti-foreign societies; civil examinations were suspended for 5 years in any area that saw violence against foreigners; the Emperor Guangxu was to apologize to Kaiser Wilhelm for the murder of Baron von Ketteler; Emperor Guangxu was to appoint Na't'ung to be a special envoy to be sent to apologize the Emperor Meiji for the murder of Mr. Sugiyama; the Qing government was to erect a commemorative arch over the spot Baron von Ketteler was killed; and at last the great powers would be allowed to occupy numerous important cities so as to make sure their legations were protected. Empress Dowager Cixi was surprised by the terms of the treaty and that she was not punished personally. Hell China was not required to surrender any more territory. Some members of her court argued China should continue the war and that the 8 nation alliance could not hope to face the interior of China. Some argued if Dong Fuxiang were to be allowed to raise his force to 50,000 he could dislodge the foreign encroachment. Cixi however was as much a pragmatist as she was conservative in her ways. If the allied nations would allow Emperor Guangxu and her to return to Beijing retaining their honor, she believed she had little to lose. She also was not a moron and understood exactly why the Boxer Protocol was made in the way it was, the great powers wanted to received payments and in order to do so, needed the Manchu to sit on the throne. She ordered Li Hongzhang to do all he could to re-establish relations with the foreign governments. She also ordered any decrees she made praising the Boxers to be expunged from the official records and secretly ordered all blame to be placed on Guangxu. She gave posthumous honors to all the progressive Qing officials she had beheaded during the siege and disinherited the heir apparent son of Prince Duan, whom apparently she did not like much. An imperial decree in the name of Emperor Guangxu announced “Our Sacred Mother's advanced age renders it necessary that we should take the greatest care of her health, so that she may attain to peaceful longevity; a long journey in the heat being evidently undesirable, we have fixed on the 19th day of the 7th Moon [1 September] to commence our return journey and are now preparing to escort Her Majesty.” The return to Beijing should be held as one of the greatest feats of public relations exercises in history, second only to Robert Downey Jr. The 700 mile journey began in October of 1901 seeing the imperial family carried in yellow sedan chairs, sparing no expense. George Morrison details it quite well “Along the frost-bound uneven tracks which serve for roads in northern China, an unending stream of laden wagons croaked and groaned through the short winter's day and on, guided by soldier torch-bearers through bitter nights to the appointed stopping places. But for the Empress Dowager and the Emperor there was easy journeying and a way literally made smooth. Throughout its entire distance the road over which the Imperial palanquins were carried had been converted into a smooth, even surface of shining clay, soft and noiseless under foot; not only had every stone been removed but as the procession approached gangs of men were employed in brushing the surface with feather brooms. At intervals of about ten miles, well-appointed rest-houses had been built.The cost of this King's highway, quite useless of course for the ordinary traffic of the country, was stated by a native contractor to amount to fifty Mexican dollars for every eight yards—say, £1,000 per mile—the clay having to be carried in some places from a great distance. As an example of the lavish expenditure of the Court and its officials in a land where squalor is a pervading feature, this is typical.” The Empress Dowager crossed the yellow river in a gilded, lacquered, dragon shaped barge after offering wine and incense to the river god. Believe it or not, the last part of the journey was done by train and Empress Dowager Cixi looked excited to be in what she called an “iron centipede”. Everyone in Beijing was given an imperial decree to graciously permit them to watch the royal family return to the Imperial Court. We are told “As Cixi got out of her chair, the Empress glanced up at the smoke-blackened walls and saw us: a row of foreigners . . . and, looking up at us, lifted her closed hands under her chin, and made a series of little bows.” Cixi was a lover of theatricals and made sure it was a hell of a show. Within days foreign ministers were summoned to present themselves to the Emperor and for the first time officially enter the forbidden city. On February the 1st Cixi invited the ladies of diplomats to her. The foreign community nor Cixi could know it, but the Boxer rebellion was to be one of the last nails in a coffin made for the Qing dynasty. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. And so the Boxer rebellion excluding some events in Manchuria was ended. The Boxer protocol ushered in a brand new Qing dynasty that surely would survive the test of time and not succumb to an agonizing death as the people of China could take it no longer.